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Kelada L, Zamir O. What Promotes Positive Parenting During Breast Cancer? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Social Support, Emotion Regulation, and Meaning in Life. Int J Behav Med 2024; 31:595-604. [PMID: 37415037 PMCID: PMC11269428 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motherhood and maintaining the child-parent relationship are top priorities for mothers with breast cancer (BC). The current study aimed to assess the positive intra- and inter-personal resources related to positive parenting among mothers with BC, as these may be promotive factors for positive parenting. Specifically, we examined whether social support (family, friend, spiritual), emotion regulation, and a sense of meaning in life are related to positive parenting among mothers undergoing BC treatments. METHODS The sample consisted of 100 Israeli mothers (mean age = 46.02 years, SD = 6.06 years) who were undergoing treatment for BC. Participating mothers had at least one child aged 6-17 years. Participants were recruited via closed social media groups to complete a questionnaire containing: the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Cancer Perceived Agents of Social Support tool, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), and sociodemographic and clinical questions. We used structural equation modeling to regress the study variables on positive parenting. RESULTS Friend support (β = .35, p = .009) and meaning in life (β = .30, p = .012) were significantly related to positive parenting. Family support, spiritual support, cognitive reappraisal, and the sociodemographic and clinical variables were not related to positive parenting. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that promoting meaning in life and friend support may be key to helping mothers to sustain positive parenting behaviors throughout their cancer treatment. Future research may examine whether psychosocial interventions which foster meaning in life and friend support impact positive parenting among mothers with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kelada
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, 9190501, Jerusalem, Israel.
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
- Kids Cancer Centre, Behavioural Sciences Unit, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia.
| | - O Zamir
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, 9190501, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Skov B, Grouzet FME, Briatico C, Jackson R, Masching R, Parsons M, Peltier D, Turner D. Helping Others Facilitates Well-Being for Indigenous Peoples Living With HIV/AIDS in Canada. AIDS Behav 2024:10.1007/s10461-024-04429-5. [PMID: 38995442 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Research has found that helping others facilitates well-being for Indigenous peoples living with HIV and AIDS, but limited research exists that investigates the mechanism(s) underlying this relationship. Indigenous perspectives posit that helping others facilitates well-being through the development of an individual's spiritual, physical, emotional, and mental aspects (four aspects). Similarly, self-determination theory posits that helping others facilitates well-being by satisfying basic psychological needs. In the present study, we examined if helping others facilitates well-being through the fulfillment of the spiritual, physical, emotional, and mental aspects among Indigenous peoples living with HIV and AIDS. We used a convergent parallel mixed methods design, coupled with a community-engaged approach grounded in the United Nations Greater Involvement of People Living with HIV and AIDS principles and Indigenous and decolonizing research methodologies. Survey (n = 117) and interview data (n = 9) collected by an Indigenous-led HIV/AIDS organization in Canada were employed to examine the relationship between helping, the four aspects, and well-being. Participants were primarily First Nations leaders and mentors who live with HIV/AIDS, with some Métis and Inuit. A parallel multiple mediation model and reflexive thematic analysis were used to analyze the relationship between helping, the four aspects, and well-being. Mixed-methods findings support the idea that helping others promotes well-being by fulfilling the emotional and mental aspects. Qualitative findings demonstrated this relationship for all four aspects. This research may facilitate the development of programs to support Indigenous peoples living with HIV/AIDS well-being and contribute to the literature on integrating Indigenous perspectives and methodologies within psychological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Skov
- Department of Psychology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
| | - F M E Grouzet
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - C Briatico
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - R Jackson
- Department of Health, Aging, and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - R Masching
- CAAN Communities, Alliances & Networks, Fort Qu'Appelle, SK, Canada
| | - M Parsons
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- The Canadian HIV/AIDS and Chronic Pain Society, Ottawa, Canada
| | - D Peltier
- Feast Centre for Indigenous STBBI Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D Turner
- Dudes Club, Chatham-Kent, ON, Canada
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3
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Park Y, Guimond AJ, Crosswell AD, Kubzansky LD. Associations of global and specific components of positive psychological well-being with mortality risk: Findings from two cohort studies. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38978336 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have examined how various aspects of positive psychological well-being (PPWB) independently relate to healthy aging, yet a notable gap remains in understanding the effects of their overlap (i.e., shared variance). We used data from two longitudinal cohorts, the Midlife Development in the United States Study and the Health and Retirement Study (N = 3,302 and 7,209), each of which assessed hedonic and eudaimonic facets of PPWB (positive affect, purpose in life, personal growth, and self-acceptance) and tracked mortality status across 14-15 years of follow-up. We derived a global factor identifying elements common across PPWB facets and also specific PPWB factors from a bifactor model. Then, we examined if higher PPWB levels (global and specific) are associated with mortality risk. Across cohorts, higher global well-being factor levels were associated with reduced mortality risk, even after adjusting for a range of potential confounders. Fewer independent associations were evident with the specific PPWB factors. Findings suggest that variance common across hedonic and eudaimonic facets of PPWB is associated with lower mortality risk. Considering the shared versus unique effects of different PPWB facets can offer valuable insights for theorizing mechanisms underlying health benefits of PPWB and guiding decisions about intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoobin Park
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne-Josee Guimond
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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4
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Dolinšek Š, Scholz C, Giani S, van Weert JCM, van den Putte B, Meppelink CS. The role of mental well-being in the effects of persuasive health messages: A scoping review. Soc Sci Med 2024; 353:117060. [PMID: 38941728 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence in health communication and psychology suggests that a) exposure to specific persuasive health messages can have unintended effects on the mental well-being of recipients and b) recipients' mental well-being before exposure can influence message processing. Available evidence regarding the relationship between mental well-being and exposure to specific health messages lacks consistency and is scattered across different fields. This scoping review of 24 publications summarizes what is known about mental health effects in health communication and provides a research agenda for future work. Among others, key findings suggest that particularly negative emotional appeals may have broad, negative effects on indicators of hedonic well-being. Further, humor and gain appeals may positively impact mental well-being, although positive message features are strongly understudied in this space. Lower mental well-being prior to message exposure may impact message processing, but not necessarily message effectiveness. We find that potential well-being effects of health communication have been largely ignored, especially outside the realm of mental health research. Yet, initial evidence does underline the importance of such inquiry. This review summarizes initial evidence of systematic, unintended effects of health messaging on mental well-being and highlights fruitful avenues for future work in this space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Dolinšek
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018, WV, Amsterdam.
| | - Christin Scholz
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018, WV, Amsterdam
| | - Stefano Giani
- University Library, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 11, 1000, GD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julia C M van Weert
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018, WV, Amsterdam; The Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam
| | - Bas van den Putte
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018, WV, Amsterdam
| | - Corine S Meppelink
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018, WV, Amsterdam
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5
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Fergus DN, Chen YH, Chuang YC, Ma AHS, Chuang KY. A cross-sectional analysis of gender and psychological well-being among older Taiwanese adults. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1392007. [PMID: 38957879 PMCID: PMC11217318 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1392007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological well-being (PWB) facilitates good health. Few studies have taken into consideration gender and how it can affect PWB within a sociocultural context. This study aims to determine if relationships between social, health, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors on PWB among older Taiwanese adults are affected by gender. Methods Data were obtained from the 2016 Taiwan Mental Health Survey. A representative sample, of 2,286 individuals, was created using multistage proportional probability. Participants were interviewed at their homes using a structured questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were Taiwanese citizenship, age ≥ 55 years, and the ability to provide informed consent. Participants 65 years and above were selected for the study sample n = 1,533. An 18-item version of Ryff's PWB scale was used to determine PWB. The median value was used to categorize low and high PWB. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine predictors of PWB stratified by gender. Results Chronic disease, unemployment, and financial dependence negatively impacted men's PWB. Satisfaction with living environment and family relationships positively impacted women's PWB. Unique characteristics of older men, women, and culture account for this. Conclusion Gender-specific interventions aimed at promoting PWB in older adults are needed. Recommendations include educational programs, social support workshops, and community engagement initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deleon N. Fergus
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Chuang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kun-Yang Chuang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Hartanto A, Wong J, Lua VYQ, Tng GYQ, Kasturiratna KTAS, Majeed NM. A Daily Diary Investigation of the Fear of Missing Out and Diminishing Daily Emotional Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Cognitive Reappraisal. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1117-1155. [PMID: 36282043 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221135476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
With modern societies becoming ever-increasingly interconnected due to technology and media, we have gained unprecedented access and exposure to other people's lives. This has resulted in a greater desire to constantly be socially connected with the activities of others, or the fear of missing out (FoMO). While much of the present available research has established the association between FoMO and diminished emotional well-being, little has been done to identify protective factors that can help one cope with the negative psychological consequences of FoMO. Utilizing data from a 7-day diary study of a large sample of young adults (N = 261), the current study aimed to examine the moderating role of cognitive reappraisal in attenuating diminished emotional well-being associated with FoMO. Multilevel modeling showed that cognitive reappraisal attenuated the day-to-day within-person associations between daily FoMO and indicators of daily emotional well-being such as negative affectivity, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andree Hartanto
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
| | - Joax Wong
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
| | - Verity Y Q Lua
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
| | - Germaine Y Q Tng
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
| | | | - Nadyanna M Majeed
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Nielsen TH, Nielsen L, Klausen SH. The normativist-naturalist puzzle: Functions and assumptions of health assessment tools. Health (London) 2024:13634593241255006. [PMID: 38803198 DOI: 10.1177/13634593241255006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While there is no shortage in discussions of health assessment tools, little is known about health professionals' experience of their practical uses. However, these tools rely on assumptions that have significant impacts on the practice of health assessment. In this study, we explore health professionals' experiences with health assessment tools, that is, how they define, use, and understand these tools, and whether they take them to measure health and wellbeing. We combine a qualitative, interview-based study of the uses and understandings of health assessment tools among Danish health professionals with a philosophical analysis of these applications and perceptions. Our study shows that contrary assumptions are involved in the use of the tools, to the extent that one can speak of a normativist-naturalist puzzle: health professionals generally apply a normativist conception of health, find health assessment useful and valuable for their clinical practice, but believe that what the tools measure is basically not health proper but some proximal entity of a more naturalist kind. This result demonstrates the complexity of health assessment tools and suggests that they are used with care to ensure both that particular tools are used for the kinds of tasks they are most apt for, and that they are put to use in awareness of their limitations.
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8
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Rasset P, Mange J, Augustinova M. What do we really know about age-related stereotypes and well-being of older adults? A commentary on the state of the art. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1358403. [PMID: 38807961 PMCID: PMC11130559 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1358403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a considerable body of literature on harmful consequences of age-related stereotypes-including consequences on physical and mental health. However, this commentary critically argues that the current state of the art disregards consequences of these stereotypes specifically for the well-being of older adults (i.e., outcome that is not to be confounded with mental health). To this end, the content of age-related stereotypes and the mechanisms through which they operate on physical and mental health are first outlined. The commentary then focuses on the very scarce evidence documenting how and when the well-being of older adults (as assessed directly and not as inferred from other indicators) is influenced by self-directed stereotypes. After setting out possible ways well-being may be involved in the relationship between self-directed stereotypes and physical and mental health of older adults, the present commentary argues that a better understanding of well-being would benefit strategies targeting the reduction of age-related stereotypes. Overall, this commentary on the state of the art highlights that future research is still needed to better understand both the direct and indirect relationships between age-related stereotypes and well-being that is not reducible to positive experiences of life (or hedonic well-being) but also comprises an eudaimonic component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rasset
- Univ Rennes, Université Rennes 2, LP3C (Laboratoire de Psychologie: Cognition, Comportement, Communication)-UR1285, Rennes, France
| | - Jessica Mange
- Laboratoire de Psychologie de Caen Normandie (LPCN UR7452), Psychology Department, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Maria Augustinova
- Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (CRFDP UR7475), Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
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9
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Monroe AD, Judge ST, Bass CL, Crofford LJ, Segerstrom SC. Optimism and Sleep in Aging Women: Bidirectional Relationships. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:244-251. [PMID: 38193773 PMCID: PMC11081851 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep quality and duration are important for biological restoration and promotion of psychological well-being. Optimism may facilitate or result from sufficient sleep, but questions remain as to directionality. The present study tested how optimism is associated with levels of and variability in sleep quantity and quality in a longitudinal burst design. METHODS Midlife and older women ( N = 199) reported their sleep quantity and quality in online diaries for a 7-day period, every 3 months for 2 years. Optimism was measured at baseline and end-of-study. Multilevel models tested the effects of optimism on sleep. Linear regression models tested the effect of sleep on optimism. RESULTS Baseline optimism was associated with higher sleep quality ( γ = 2.13 [1.16 to 3.11], p < .0001) and lower intraindividual variability (IIV; night-to-night and wave-to-wave) in sleep quantity (night-to-night: γ = -0.07 [-0.13 to -0.005], p = .03; wave-to-wave: b = -0.07 [-0.12 to -0.02], p = .003). In turn, higher average sleep quality (but not quantity) was associated with higher optimism at end-of-study ( b = 0.02 [0.007 to 0.03], p = .002). Variability in sleep was unrelated to optimism. CONCLUSIONS Optimism may play an important role in maintaining sleep quality and consistency in sleep quantity, perhaps by buffering stress. Similarly, sleep quality may play an important role in maintaining optimism. The cycle whereby optimism and sleep enhance one another could improve physical health and psychological well-being among aging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addison D. Monroe
- Department of Counseling and Human Development Services, University of Georgia
| | | | | | - Leslie J. Crofford
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
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10
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Huijie Z, Haojun J, Zhiping Z, Zhaoyu Y. Association between residential environment and emotional wellbeing among older adults in China: the mediating effect of health lifestyle. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1338079. [PMID: 38699418 PMCID: PMC11063323 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1338079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association between the residential environment and emotional wellbeing (EWB) in older adults has received extensive attention from gerontologists, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the mediating mechanism of how residential environment affects emotional wellbeing has not been fully explored. This study examined the effects of the residential environment on EWB and the mediating role of health lifestyle. Methods This study analyzed the survey data of 493 rural and 515 urban older adults from 2021 Chinese General Social Survey. General linear regression and structural equation models were used to examine the effects of residential environment and health lifestyle. Results Urban participants exhibited clear advantages in EWB, residential environment, and physical activity. Residential environment significantly affected the EWB of older adults, and health lifestyle played a mediating role in this relationship. The residential environment and health lifestyle did not significantly affect EWB in rural participants. Discussion This study revealed differences in the effects of health lifestyles and residential environments on EWB among older adults in rural and urban settings in China. This study provided empirical evidence of mental health disparities between older rural and urban Chinese residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Huijie
- College of Humanities and Social Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Social Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jin Shanbao Institute for Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiang Haojun
- Tourism and Social Management College, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhu Zhiping
- College of Humanities and Social Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhaoyu
- College of Humanities and Social Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jin Shanbao Institute for Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, Nanjing, China
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11
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Kwon S, Benoit E, Windsor L. The effects of social support and self-efficacy on hopefulness in low-income older adults during COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:305. [PMID: 38565999 PMCID: PMC10985883 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support and self-efficacy play a significant role in improving positive psychological well-being in marginalized older adults. However, to date, there are few studies identifying the relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the effect of social support and self-efficacy on hopefulness in a majority Black sample of marginalized low-income older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study used baseline data from a clinical trial designed to increase COVID-19 testing in Essex County, NJ, United States. The dataset involved participants 50 years old or older. We conducted: 1) cross-sectional descriptive/frequency statistics to understand the sociodemographic characteristics, 2) multivariate linear regression to investigate the direct relationships between social support subscales or self-efficacy and hopefulness, and 3) mediation analyses to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and hopefulness. RESULTS Our findings showed that self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social support and hopefulness. After adjusting for covariate variables, social support subscales (i.e., emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, positive social interaction social support) and self-efficacy were significantly associated with hopefulness. The indirect effect of social support via self-efficacy was positive and statistically significant. CONCLUSION Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and hopefulness in marginalized older adults aged 50 and over. Further research is needed to identify the various facets of positive psychological well-being using longitudinal data and a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonhyung Kwon
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 112 Paterson St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - Ellen Benoit
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Liliane Windsor
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 W Nevada St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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12
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Herraiz-Adillo Á, Ahlqvist VH, Daka B, Wångdahl J, Wennberg P, Carlsson J, Higueras-Fresnillo S, Lenander C, Östgren CJ, Berglind D, Rådholm K, Henriksson P. Life's Essential 8 in relation to self-rated health and health-related quality of life in a large population-based sample: the SCAPIS project. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:1003-1014. [PMID: 38270740 PMCID: PMC10973036 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To monitor cardiovascular health, in 2022, the American Heart Association (AHA) updated the construct "Life's Simple 7" (LS7) to "Life's Essential 8" (LE8). This study aims to analyze the associations and capacity of discrimination of LE8 and LS7 in relation to self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS This study from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) included 28 731 Swedish participants, aged 50-64 years. Three different scores were derived from the SF-12 questionnaire: 1-item question SRH ("In general, would you say your health is …?"), mental-HRQoL and physical-HRQoL. Logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and ROC analysis were used to study the associations between the AHA scores in relation to SRH and HRQoL. RESULTS Compared to those with a LE8 score of 80, participants with a LE8 score of 40 were 14.8 times more likely to report poor SRH (OR: 14.8, 95% CI: 13.0-17.0), after adjustments. Moreover, they were more likely to report a poor mental-HRQoL (OR: 4.9, 95% CI: 4.2-5.6) and a poor physical-HRQoL (OR: 8.0, 95% CI: 7.0-9.3). Area under curves for discriminating poor SRH were 0.696 (95% CI: 0.687-0.704), 0.666 (95% CI: 0.657-0.674), and 0.643 (95% CI: 0.634-0.651) for LE8, LS7 (0-14), and LS7 (0-7), respectively, all p values < 0.001 in the DeLong's tests. CONCLUSION LE8 and LS7 had strong and inverse associations with SRH, mental-HRQoL, and physical-HRQoL, though LE8 had a somewhat higher capacity of discrimination than LS7. The novel LE8, a construct initially conceived to monitor cardiovascular health, also conveys SRH and HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Herraiz-Adillo
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Viktor H Ahlqvist
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bledar Daka
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Josefin Wångdahl
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jakob Carlsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sara Higueras-Fresnillo
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Lenander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Östgren
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre of Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Daniel Berglind
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Rådholm
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pontus Henriksson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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13
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Jabutay F, Novio EB, Verbal XF. Strategic deception in call centers: impacts on well-being, cognition, and work motivation. THE JOURNAL OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38459854 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2327323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The literature indicated that deceivers in face-to-face communication experience psychological strains derived from guilt or distress associated with violating conversational rules. We proposed that this also applies to telephone-mediated deception. Drawing insights from the theoretical and empirical literature, we surmised that strategic trickery utilized by outsourced call center agents would elicit adverse psychological reactions that have unfavorable impacts on their well-being, cognition, and work motivation. We used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses using data from a sample of 554 outsourced Filipino call service agents who worked graveyard shifts to cater to mainly American customers. The results suggested that strategic deception increases the experience of cognitive dissonance while negatively impacting psychological well-being and intrinsic work motivation. The results also showed that dissonance negatively influences well-being and intrinsic motivation and partially mediates the deception-motivation relationship. Unlike previous findings, however, our multivariate analyses revealed that well-being and motivation were not correlated. Our original findings have theoretical and practical implications.
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du Plessis J, Jordaan J. The impact of virtual reality on the psychological well-being of hospitalised patients: A critical review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24831. [PMID: 38312552 PMCID: PMC10835256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Improving hospitalised patients' psychological well-being (PWB) is relevant to their recovery and overall quality of life. Virtual Reality (VR) holds the potential to emerge as a novel tool for increasing the PWB of hospitalised patients. This study critically reviewed existing research concerning the use and impact of VR on the PWB of hospitalised patients with serious illnesses. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and practical applicability of VR in enhancing the PWB for hospitalised patients dealing with serious illnesses. Methodology In the initial search, the authors identified 106 sources that provided valuable insights into the broader field of VR, PWB, and the influence of VR on the psychological functioning of hospitalised patients. However, only eight articles were selected for the critical review, following the SALSA method. The SALSA method comprises the following steps: (S) Search, (AL) Appraisal, (S) Synthesis and (A) Analysis. Data extracted from these eight articles were subjected to reflexive thematic analysis, through which patterns were identified to examine the use and impact of VR on the PWB of hospitalised patients with serious illnesses. The thematic analysis process involves data gathering and familiarisation, code identification, and formulating and refining various themes to produce a thematic analysis report. Results The themes that emerged from the analysis were (i) positive psychological effects (with sub-themes including the effectiveness of VR in improving psychological symptoms, its role as an equivalent or adjunctive treatment, and symptom reduction), (ii) perceptions and the adoption of novel technology, (iii) characteristics that influence the effectiveness of VR, and (iv) statistical and practical applicability and diversity of VR. Conclusion and recommendation The use of VR to increase the PWB of hospitalised patients is a relatively recent innovation. Nevertheless, the themes identified in this study indicate that the use of VR within the context of hospitalised patients can benefit their psychological functioning, ultimately contributing to an improvement in their overall PWB. Further in-depth studies are needed to provide a comprehensive conclusion on the potential benefits of VR on the PWB of hospitalised patients dealing with serious illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolize du Plessis
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Jacques Jordaan
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
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15
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Sarid M, Tutian R, Kalman-Halevi M, Gilat-Yihyie S, Sarid A. Resilience, Satisfaction with Life and Anxiety in the Israeli Population after Mass Vaccination for COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:255. [PMID: 38275535 PMCID: PMC10815821 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to examine the relationships between resilience and personal characteristics such as socio-economic status, employment, satisfaction with life, and anxiety, during the period of returning to routine life after mass vaccination for COVID-19. METHOD 993 Israeli participants, 52% female and 48% male, with a mean age of 40 years (18 to 89 years old) responded to an online questionnaire during March 2021. We hypothesized that (1) unemployed individuals and those with a low SES would have lower resilience, lower satisfaction with life and higher anxiety, (2) individuals who were ill with COVID-19 would have lower resilience and satisfaction with life and a higher level of anxiety, and (3) a higher resilience would be related to a lower level of anxiety. RESULTS The findings showed that unemployed individuals had lower levels of resilience and satisfaction with life and higher levels of anxiety than employed individuals. Specifically, those who experience a large gap between their socio-economic and employment statuses are at a greater risk than others. In addition, differences were found between people who had experienced COVID-19 illness and those who had not, but only with their satisfaction with life. People who had been ill were more satisfied than those who had not been ill. Eventually, as expected, a higher resilience was related to a lower level of anxiety, specifically at the lower levels of resilience. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study can provide additional perspectives on the day after a crisis (COVID-19) and the need for the development of intervention programs to strengthen the resilience of individuals who experience a gap between their SES and employment statuses when returning to their routine life after a crisis. The study also shed light on the unique correlation between anxiety and resilience, implying that following a crisis, high-resilience individuals face their anxiety better than low-resilience individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sarid
- Department of Education, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel; (R.T.); (M.K.-H.); (S.G.-Y.)
| | - Rony Tutian
- Department of Education, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel; (R.T.); (M.K.-H.); (S.G.-Y.)
| | - Maya Kalman-Halevi
- Department of Education, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel; (R.T.); (M.K.-H.); (S.G.-Y.)
| | - Sharon Gilat-Yihyie
- Department of Education, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel; (R.T.); (M.K.-H.); (S.G.-Y.)
| | - Adi Sarid
- Sarid Institute, Haifa 2626047, Israel;
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Sveinsdóttir SÞ, Jóhannsdóttir KR. Is Positive Affect as a Trait Related to Higher Heart Rate Variability in a Stressful Situation? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6919. [PMID: 37887657 PMCID: PMC10606158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Most of the studies on the effect of trait positive affect (PA) and cardiovascular activity have focused on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) rather than heart rate variability (HRV). However, trait PA might sustain homeostasis for the autonomic system (ANS) by reducing activity in the sympathetic system (SNS) and increasing the activity in the parasympathetic system (PNS). A common index for the PNS is the vagal tone measured indirectly through HRV. The present study assessed whether trait PA influences cardiovascular response to various stress tasks by monitoring participants' HRV measured by RMSSD (root mean square of successive differences) along with HR and interbeat interval (IBI). A total of 54 participants performed various cognitive tasks and Trier Social Stress Tasks while their vital signs were monitored, and trait PA was measured with PANAS. The cognitive tasks included both high- and low-stress tasks, including fatigue-inducing 20 min Stroop tasks. The results showed overall higher HRV as measured by RMSSD for participants who have higher levels of trait PA, indicating more PNS activity compared with low-trait-PA individuals, particularly at the end of the task performance during the fatigue induction. High-trait-PA individuals also had a lower HR during the fatigue-inducing task and a higher IBI. The results support previous work by further indicating a more adaptive response and consequently better emotional regulation for high-trait-PA individuals in a complex, prolonged task setting.
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17
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Schuette SA, Andrade FC, Woodward JT, Smoski MJ. Identifying modifiable factors associated with psychological health in women experiencing infertility. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:1143-1156. [PMID: 37403402 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231185549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the relationship between modifiable psychological variables and depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic growth in women experiencing infertility. U.S. women (N = 457) who identified as experiencing infertility completed standardized self-report measures of mindfulness, self-compassion, positive affect, intolerance of uncertainty, relationship satisfaction, experiential avoidance, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic growth. Clinical and demographic characteristics (age, duration trying to conceive, miscarriage, and childlessness) did not predict depression or anxiety. Lower positive affect and higher experiential avoidance were associated with depression and anxiety. Lower self-compassion was associated with depression; higher intolerance of uncertainty was associated with anxiety. There were indirect effects of mindfulness on anxiety and depression via these variables. Future research should explore whether intervening on these factors reduces depressive and anxiety symptoms. Promoting mindfulness may have beneficial effects on symptoms via its downstream effects on multiple coping variables. Counterintuitively, posttraumatic growth was associated with higher intolerance of uncertainty and experiential avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Moria J Smoski
- Duke University, USA
- Duke University School of Medicine, USA
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18
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Armadans-Tremolosa I, Selva-O'Callaghan A. Inflammatory myopathy in adults, health-related quality of life, and wellbeing: a round trip between immune disease and wellness. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023; 19:1239-1246. [PMID: 37452824 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2238128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and wellbeing are poorer in patients with chronic conditions than in the general population, and this is the case of individuals with myositis. Research has shown a negative relationship between this disease and wellbeing, but there is little data on the effect that enhanced wellbeing has on the disease course. AREAS COVERED HRQoL, wellbeing, and other related concepts are examined here with special emphasis on the benefits of positive status in the physical, environmental, psychological, and social function areas for reducing the severity of the clinical course and organ damage in a chronic condition such as myositis. The factors affecting HRQoL, and wellbeing are analyzed to delineate specific strategies that will lead to improvements in the life of adult patients with myositis. The mechanisms implicated in these changes are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Myositis refers to a heterogeneous group of chronic systemic autoimmune diseases. HRQoL and wellbeing are poor in these patients, and evidence suggests that improvements in this line can have positive repercussions on the course and outcome of the disease. Strategies to improve HRQoL and wellbeing should be designed for adults with myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immaculada Armadans-Tremolosa
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, PsicoSAO-Research Group in Social, Environmental, and Organizational Psychology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Selva-O'Callaghan
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Vall d'Hebron General Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Hernandez R, Wilund K, Solai K, Tamayo D, Fast D, Venkatesan P, Lash JP, Lora CM, Martinez L, Martin Alemañy G, Martinez A, Kwon S, Romero D, Browning MHEM, Moskowitz JT. Positive Psychological Intervention Delivered Using Virtual Reality in Patients on Hemodialysis With Comorbid Depression: Protocol and Design for the Joviality Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e45100. [PMID: 37327026 DOI: 10.2196/45100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is highly prevalent in individuals on hemodialysis, but it is infrequently identified and remains undertreated. In this paper, we present details of the methodology of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed at testing the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 5-week positive psychological intervention in individuals on hemodialysis with comorbid depression delivered using immersive virtual reality (VR) technology. OBJECTIVE We aim to describe the protocol and design of the Joviality trial whose main objectives are 2-fold: determine the feasibility of the Joviality VR software through metrics capturing rates of recruitment, refusal, retention, noncompliance, and adherence, as well as end-user feedback; and assess preliminary efficacy for outcomes measures of depressive symptoms, psychological well-being and distress, quality of life, treatment adherence, clinical biomarkers, and all-cause hospitalizations. METHODS This 2-arm RCT is scheduled to enroll 84 individuals on hemodialysis with comorbid depression from multiple outpatient centers in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Enrollees will be randomized to the following groups: VR-based Joviality positive psychological intervention or sham VR (2D wildlife footage and nature-based settings with inert music presented using a head-mounted display). To be eligible, individuals must be on hemodialysis for at least 3 months, have Beck Depression Inventory-II scores of ≥11 (ie, indicative of mild-to-severe depressive symptoms), be aged ≥21 years, and be fluent in English or Spanish. The Joviality VR software was built using agile design principles and incorporates fully immersive content, digital avatars, and multiplex features of interactability. Targeted skills of the intervention include noticing positive events, positive reappraisal, gratitude, acts of kindness, and mindful or nonjudgmental awareness. The primary outcomes include metrics of feasibility and acceptability, along with preliminary efficacy focused on decreasing symptoms of depression. The secondary and tertiary outcomes include quality of life, treatment adherence, clinical biomarkers, and all-cause hospitalization rates. There are 4 assessment time points: baseline, immediately after the intervention, 3 months after the intervention, and 6 months after the intervention. We hypothesize that depressive symptoms and hemodialysis-related markers of disease will substantially improve in participants randomized to the VR-based Joviality positive psychology treatment arm compared with those in the attention control condition. RESULTS This RCT is funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and is scheduled to commence participant recruitment in June 2023. CONCLUSIONS This trial will be the first to test custom-built VR software to deliver a positive psychological intervention, chairside, in individuals on hemodialysis to reduce symptoms of depression. Within the context of an RCT using an active control arm, if proven effective, VR technology may become a potent tool to deliver mental health programming in clinical populations during their outpatient treatment sessions. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05642364; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05642364. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/45100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Hernandez
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ken Wilund
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Killivalavan Solai
- Center for Innovation in Teaching and Learning, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - David Tamayo
- Center for Innovation in Teaching and Learning, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Drew Fast
- Center for Innovation in Teaching and Learning, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Prasakthi Venkatesan
- Center for Innovation in Teaching and Learning, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - James P Lash
- Division of Nephrology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Claudia M Lora
- Division of Nephrology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lizet Martinez
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Geovana Martin Alemañy
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Angela Martinez
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Soonhyung Kwon
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Dana Romero
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Judith T Moskowitz
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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20
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Rushforth A, Durk M, Rothwell-Blake GAA, Kirkman A, Ng F, Kotera Y. Self-Compassion Interventions to Target Secondary Traumatic Stress in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6109. [PMID: 37372696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals' wellbeing can be adversely affected by the intense demands of, and the secondary traumatic stress associated with, their job. Self-compassion is associated with positive wellbeing outcomes across a variety of workforce populations and is potentially an important skill for healthcare workers, as it offers a way of meeting one's own distress with kindness and understanding. This systematic review aimed to synthesise and evaluate the utility of self-compassion interventions in reducing secondary traumatic stress in a healthcare worker population. Eligible articles were identified from research databases, including ProQuest, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and EBSCO. The quality of non-randomised and randomised trials was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The literature search yielded 234 titles, from which 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies reported promising effects of self-compassion training for secondary traumatic stress in a healthcare population, although these did not use controls. The methodological quality of these studies was medium. This highlights a research gap in this area. Three of these four studies recruited workers from Western countries and one recruited from a non-Western country. The Professional Quality of Life Scale was used to evaluate secondary traumatic stress in all studies. The findings show preliminary evidence that self-compassion training may improve secondary traumatic stress in healthcare professional populations; however, there is a need for greater methodological quality in this field and controlled trials. The findings also show that the majority of research was conducted in Western countries. Future research should focus on a broader range of geographical locations to include non-Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Rushforth
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Mia Durk
- Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | | | - Ann Kirkman
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Fiona Ng
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK
| | - Yasuhiro Kotera
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK
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21
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Crosnoe R, Johnston CA, Cavanagh SE, Gershoff E. Family Formation History and the Psychological Well-Being of Women from Diverse Racial-Ethnic Groups. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 64:261-279. [PMID: 36960880 PMCID: PMC11181747 DOI: 10.1177/00221465231159387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Studying disparities in psychological well-being across diverse groups of women can illuminate the racialized health risks of gendered family life. Integrating life course and demand-reward perspectives, this study applied sequencing techniques to the National Longitudinal Study of Youth: 1979 to reveal seven trajectories of partnership and parenthood through women's 20s and 30s, including several in which parenthood followed partnership at different ages and with varying numbers of children and others characterized by nonmarital fertility or eschewing such roles altogether. These sequences differentiated positive and negative dimensions of women's well-being in their 50s. Women who inhabited any family role had greater life satisfaction and fewer depressive symptoms, although these general patterns differed by race-ethnicity. Family roles were more closely related to well-being than ill-being for White women, parenthood had more pronounced importance across outcomes for Black women, and the coupling of partnership and parenthood generally mattered more for Latinas.
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Sarid M, Kalman-Halevi M, Tutian R, Gilat-Yihyie S, Sarid A. Uncovering Resilience Disparities among Religious Groups in Israel's Mass COVID-19 Vaccination Drive: Lessons Learned to the Post-COVID Era. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050398. [PMID: 37232635 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine the emotional resilience, satisfaction with life, social support, and anxiety during the vaccination process of the Israeli population after the end of the third lockdown, according to religiosity degree. We hypothesized that a higher degree of religiosity (ultra-Orthodox and religious participants) would be associated with higher levels of resilience and with lower levels of anxiety than in secular individuals. In addition, it was hypothesized that satisfaction with life, social support, anxiety, and religiosity will predict resilience and anxiety. Nine hundred and ninety-three native Jewish Hebrew-speaking respondents representing ultra-Orthodox, religious, observant, and secular Jews participated in this study. Ultra-Orthodox participants showed higher resilience and satisfaction with life than other groups, and lower levels of anxiety. Satisfaction with life and social support predicted higher resilience. It is suggested that religious faith as well as satisfaction with life may provide a source of strength and resilience in stressful life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Sarid
- Department of Education, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel
| | | | - Rony Tutian
- Department of Education, Western Galilee College, Acre 2412101, Israel
| | | | - Adi Sarid
- Sarid Institute, Haifa 2626047, Israel
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23
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An L, Ma L, Xu N, Yu B. Life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and blood pressure in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. J Psychosom Res 2023; 170:111367. [PMID: 37196586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both life satisfaction and depressive symptoms have been proven to be related to blood pressure (BP) separately. This longitudinal study aimed to examine whether these two distinct but related psychological constructs are independent predictors of BP in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. METHODS This study used two waves of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the analysis were restricted to those respondents aged 45 and older without hypertension and other cardiometabolic conditions [n = 4055, mean age (SD) = 56.7 (8.3); male, 50.1%]. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations between baseline life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at follow-up. RESULTS Life satisfaction was positively associated with SBP (β = 0.03, p = .03), while depressive symptoms were negatively associated with both SBP (β = -0.04, p = .003) and DBP (β = -0.04, p = .004) at follow-up. The associations for life satisfaction became insignificant when all the covariates including depressive symptoms were taken into account. In contrast, the associations for depressive symptoms remained even after controlling for all the covariates including life satisfaction (SBP: β = -0.04, p = .02; DBP: β = -0.04, p = .01). CONCLUSION The results implied that depressive symptoms, rather than life satisfaction, independently predicted BP changes in the Chinese population after four years. These findings expand our knowledge about the association patterns of depressive symptoms and life satisfaction with BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Laboratory of Suicidology, Tianjin Municipal Education Commission, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Ma
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Xu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Laboratory of Suicidology, Tianjin Municipal Education Commission, Tianjin, China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, China.
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24
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Almadani NA, Alwesmi MB. The Relationship between Happiness and Mental Health among Saudi Women. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040526. [PMID: 37190491 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The happiness and mental health of individuals are crucial for national developments. In Saudi Arabia, wellbeing occupies a central position in Vision 2030, along with women's empowerment. Rapidly changing rights and responsibilities might result in more sources of stress. The aim of this study was to explore happiness and mental health among Saudi women during their contributions to a fast-growing nation in all fields. We assessed happiness and mental health (somatic symptoms, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and social dysfunction) in 308 Saudi women aged 15-50 years using a self-administered online survey comprising the short Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ-8) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The participants demonstrated general satisfaction yet showed rising psychological distress. Married women reported better mental health compared to single women, particularly with regards to anxiety, insomnia, and depression. Depression was highest among younger women. Employed women demonstrated lower social functioning compared to unemployed women. Women with a higher educational level showed lower social functioning. Happiness scores were significantly and inversely related with overall mental health scores as well as mental health subscales (somatic, anxiety, and depression), except for social dysfunction, which showed a positive correlation to happiness scores. This study contributes to the body of literature on women's mental health and happiness by providing recommendations for improving both as well as directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Abdulla Almadani
- Community Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai B Alwesmi
- Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Rouvinen H, Sormunen M, Kunttu K, Turunen H. Internet, studying and daily rhythm: health symptoms among higher education students. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2023; 35:219-226. [PMID: 36947850 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2022-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Excessive Internet use is a health concern among higher education students leading to reduced academic performance and problems in everyday life. This study aimed to explore the relationship between health and problems of studying and daily rhythm caused by time spent online among students (n=3,050). METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out. The data were analyzed using descriptive and chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Findings indicated that one fifth of students reported having problems of studying and daily rhythm caused by time spent online. Psychological health symptoms such as anxiety (p<0.001) and physical health symptoms including lower back problems (p<0.001) were associated with these problems. According to the logistic regression analyses, problems of studying and daily rhythm caused by time spent online and higher amount of Internet use by time were associated with psychological and physical health symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that problems of studying and daily rhythm and spending more time online are related to health symptoms among the students. The study's findings can be used from a prevention standpoint for early identification and further to identify the need for seeking professional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rouvinen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjorita Sormunen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Hannele Turunen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Smith BW, deCruz-Dixon N, Erickson K, Guzman A, Phan A, Schodt K. The Effects of an Online Positive Psychology Course on Happiness, Health, and Well-Being. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2023; 24:1145-1167. [PMID: 37113244 PMCID: PMC9979887 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-022-00577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of an 8-week online positive psychology course on happiness, health, and well-being. There were 65 undergraduate students in the course and a comparison group of 63 undergraduates taking other online psychology courses. The participants were assessed on positive mental health (e.g., happiness, positive emotions), negative mental health (e.g., anxiety, depression), general health, and personal characteristics (e.g., hope, resilience) during the first and last week of the courses. The anxiety and depression measures had cut-offs for clinically significant symptoms. The hypotheses were that the positive psychology students would have significant improvements on all measures and a reduction in the percent anxious and depressed relative to the comparison group. The hypotheses were supported with large effect sizes for positive and negative mental health (mean ds = 0.907 and - 0.779, respectively) and medium-to-large effects for general health and personal characteristics (d = 0.674 and mean ds = 0.590, respectively). There was a reduction from 49.2 to 23.1% percent anxious and from 18.6 to 6.2% percent depressed with no change in the comparison group. In addition, improvements in the online positive psychology course were compared with a previous study of a similar face-to-face positive psychology course (Smith et al., 2021) showing the effect sizes for improvements relative to the comparison groups were larger in the online vs. face-to-face course (mean ds = 0.878. vs. 0.593). Possible explanations for these differences are discussed along with the implications for maximizing the benefits of positive psychology courses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce W. Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Naila deCruz-Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Kelly Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Anne Guzman
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Alvin Phan
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Kaitlyn Schodt
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
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Necka EA, Edwards E, King RB, King TM, Miller B, Nielsen L, Quinlan EB, Simmons JM. Why Definitional Clarity Matters: Implications for the Operationalization of Emotional Well-Being. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2023; 4:24-28. [PMID: 37070019 PMCID: PMC10104979 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-022-00156-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is increasingly prioritizing research on health-promoting processes. Park et al. (this issue) respond to a call made by NIH to advance the study of emotional well-being (EWB) and to increase understanding of the fundamental constituents of EWB across the lifespan and among diverse subgroups. They propose a definition of EWB that provides an organizing framework for research on 'psychological aspects of well-being' and health. We commend this important first step and urge consideration of three important issues related to operationalization - the process by which an abstract concept is transformed into variables that can be measured - in future research on EWB. We expect that an iterative process of construct refinement and empirical validation will advance the study of EWB, producing scientific discoveries that can be leveraged to enhance health across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmeline Edwards
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Rosalind B. King
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Tracy M. King
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Brett Miller
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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Park CL, Kubzansky LD, Chafouleas SM, Davidson RJ, Keltner D, Parsafar P, Conwell Y, Martin MY, Hanmer J, Wang KH. Emotional Well-Being: What It Is and Why It Matters. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2023; 4:10-20. [PMID: 37070009 PMCID: PMC10104995 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-022-00163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Psychological aspects of well-being are increasingly recognized and studied as fundamental components of healthy human functioning. However, this body of work is fragmented, with many different conceptualizations and terms being used (e.g., subjective well-being, psychological well-being). We describe the development of a provisional conceptualization of this form of well-being, here termed emotional well-being (EWB), leveraging prior conceptual and theoretical approaches. Our developmental process included review of related concepts and definitions from multiple disciplines, engagement with subject matter experts, consideration of essential properties across definitions, and concept mapping. Our conceptualization provides insight into key strengths and gaps in existing perspectives on this form of well-being, setting a foundation for evaluating assessment approaches, enhancing our understanding of the causes and consequences of EWB, and, ultimately, developing effective intervention strategies that promote EWB. We argue that this foundation is essential for developing a more cohesive and informative body of work on EWB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-022-00163-0.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | | | | | - Dacher Keltner
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Parisa Parsafar
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Yeates Conwell
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Michelle Y. Martin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Janel Hanmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Kuan Hong Wang
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY USA
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Beltrán-Morillas AM, Villanueva-Moya L, Sánchez-Hernández MD, Alonso-Ferres M, Garrido-Macías M, Expósito F. Infidelity in the Adolescence Stage: The Roles of Negative Affect, Hostility, and Psychological Well-Being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4114. [PMID: 36901124 PMCID: PMC10002242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infidelity is a relational process common in all types of romantic relationships and has been established as one of the main causes of relationship breakdown. However, little is known about this type of transgression in adolescent romantic relationships, although it manifests as a fairly frequent behavior involving different motivations. Even less is known about the emotional impact of infidelity on the offending person and its association with hostile behavior and psychological well-being. METHODS Through an experimental study (N = 301 Spanish adolescents (190 female and 111 male; Mage = 15.59, SD = 0.69; range from 15 to 17), we sought to analyze the effect of manipulating two types of motivations for infidelity (sexual vs. emotional dissatisfaction) on negative affect, hostility, and psychological well-being. RESULTS The main results revealed that committing infidelity motivated by hypothetical sexual (vs. emotional) dissatisfaction was indirectly related to lower psychological well-being through its effects on increased negative affect and hostility. CONCLUSIONS Last but not least, we discuss these findings, highlighting the possible implications of infidelity for the psychosocial and psychosexual development of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María Alonso-Ferres
- Department of Social, Work and Differential Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Garrido-Macías
- Department of Communication and Social Psychology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisca Expósito
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Hepper EG, Dennis A. From rosy past to happy and flourishing present: Nostalgia as a resource for hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101547. [PMID: 36640677 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We review recent evidence of nostalgia's ability to enhance and buffer different types of wellbeing. Nostalgia has been associated with increased hedonic wellbeing (e.g., life satisfaction, happiness) in various contexts. Nostalgia is triggered by and can mitigate against threats to hedonic wellbeing. Nostalgia also increases eudaimonic wellbeing (e.g., perceptions of vitality, environmental mastery, positive relationships) and mitigates threats to eudaimonic wellbeing through varying mechanisms. Two applications of these wellbeing benefits are being explored in recent research: nostalgia can help understand how people buffer negative psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic; and is being harnessed for wellbeing interventions. More experimental and longitudinal research is needed to establish and maximize the potential of nostalgia for bolstering resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica G Hepper
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.
| | - Amelia Dennis
- University of Southampton, United Kingdom; University of Bath, United Kingdom
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Bentley PR, Fisher JC, Dallimer M, Fish RD, Austen GE, Irvine KN, Davies ZG. Nature, smells, and human wellbeing. AMBIO 2023; 52:1-14. [PMID: 35849312 PMCID: PMC9289359 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-022-01760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The link between nature and human wellbeing is well established. However, few studies go beyond considering the visual and auditory underpinnings of this relationship, even though engaging with nature is a multisensory experience. While research linking smell to wellbeing exists, it focuses predominantly on smells as a source of nuisance/offence. Smells clearly have a prominent influence, but a significant knowledge gap remains in the nexus of nature, smell, and wellbeing. Here, we examine how smells experienced in woodlands contribute to wellbeing across four seasons. We show that smells are associated with multiple wellbeing domains, both positively and negatively. They are linked to memories, and specific ecological characteristics and processes over space/time. By making the link between the spatiotemporal variability in biodiversity and wellbeing explicit, we unearth a new line of enquiry. Overall, the multisensory experience must be considered by researchers, practitioners, policy-makers and planners looking to improve wellbeing through nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe R Bentley
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 8NR, UK
| | - Jessica C Fisher
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 8NR, UK.
| | - Martin Dallimer
- Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 2JT, UK
| | - Robert D Fish
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 8NR, UK
| | - Gail E Austen
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 8NR, UK
| | - Katherine N Irvine
- Social, Economic and Geographic Sciences Department, James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Zoe G Davies
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 8NR, UK
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Tabernero C, Gutiérrez-Domingo T, Steca P, Castillo-Mayén R, Cuadrado E, Rubio SJ, Farhane-Medina NZ, Luque B. Effectiveness of Mindfulness and Positive Strengthening mHealth Interventions for the Promotion of Subjective Emotional Wellbeing and Management of Self-Efficacy for Chronic Cardiac Diseases. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1953. [PMID: 36556174 PMCID: PMC9784634 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12121953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervention in health prevention and treatment via mobile phones is becoming a key element on health promotion. Testing the efficacy of these mobile health (mHealth) psychological interventions for cardiovascular health is necessary as it is a chronic pathology, and it can influence the affective and cognitive states of patients. This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of two brief psychological interventions-mindfulness and positive strengthening-to promote subjective emotional wellbeing and disease management self-efficacy using mHealth. This was a three-arm intervention and feasibility study, with a pre-post design and three follow-up measures with 105 patients (93 completed all phases) with cardiovascular diseases. Group 1 and 2 received the mindfulness or strengthening intervention, and Group 3 was the control group. The positive-negative affect and management self-efficacy for chronic and cardiovascular diseases were analyzed over time, while anxiety and depression levels were assessed at the beginning of the study. The results showed that mindfulness and positive strengthening interventions both had a positive effect on participants' affective state and management self-efficacy for the disease in comparison with the control group over time, even after controlling for baseline anxiety and depression levels. Positive strengthening seems to be more effective for improving cardiac self-efficacy, while mindfulness practice was significantly more effective at reducing negative affect at the first face-to-face evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Tabernero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Tamara Gutiérrez-Domingo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Patrizia Steca
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Castillo-Mayén
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Esther Cuadrado
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián J. Rubio
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Specific Didactics, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Naima Z. Farhane-Medina
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Bárbara Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
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Traver JM, Dallaire DH, Frick PJ, Steinberg L, Cauffman E. The reciprocal relations between well‐being and maternal and peer warmth in adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system. J Adolesc 2022; 95:401-412. [PMID: 36380597 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although justice system involvement increases the risk of negative outcomes for adolescents, many justice-involved youth desist from crime as adults (Sampson & Laub, 2005). There are few studies examining predictors of positive development in justice-involved adolescents. In the current study, we assess the influence of maternal and peer warmth on the development of well-being in adolescents involved in the US justice system over the course of 5 years. METHODS Participants included 1216 adolescent males who experienced their first arrest. Interviews were given every year for 5 years. Well-being was measured using the EPOCH questionnaire (Kern et al., 2016) and relationship warmth was measured using a scale adapted from Conger et al. (1994). Hypotheses were tested using latent curve models with structured residuals. RESULTS Baseline levels of well-being were associated with maternal (β = 0.49, p < .001) and peer warmth, β = 0.52, p < .001. When an individual's maternal warmth was higher than predicted given their maternal warmth trajectory, their subsequent well-being was higher than expected given their well-being trajectory, b = 0.07, p < .001. When an individual's peer warmth was higher than predicted, their subsequent well-being was higher than expected, b = 0.06, p < .001. These relations were reciprocal, such that well-being also predicted increased maternal and peer warmth. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that increasing maternal or peer warmth may have cascading effects on the well-being of justice-involved adolescents. Interventions for justice-involved youth may benefit from targeting factors that increase positive development for these youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Traver
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Danielle H. Dallaire
- Department of Psychological Sciences College of William & Mary Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Paul J. Frick
- Department of Psychology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Elizabeth Cauffman
- Department of Psychological Science University of California—Irvine Irvine California USA
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Zong M, Dong D, Yang Z, Feng Y, Qiao Z. Role of time perspectives and self-control on well-being and ill-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multiple mediation model. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:238. [PMID: 36303256 PMCID: PMC9610352 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence indicates that the outbreak of COVID-19 has had a significant influence on individuals' cognition, emotion, and psychological health. This study aims to explore the effect of the association between time perspectives and self-control on the well-being and ill-being among college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted an online survey involving 1,924 participants in mainland China during the outbreak of COVID-19. A series of self-rating questionnaires measuring the perceived impact of COVID-19, time perspectives, self-control, as well as the statuses of well-being and ill-being were administered. Multiple indirect effects of time perspectives and self-control on well-being and ill-being were analysed through structural equation modelling. RESULTS The present-hedonistic time perspective (an orientation on immediate impulses of pleasure) meditated the effects of perceived impacts on both well-being and ill-being, and the future time perspective (considering the outcomes of actions and decisions) mediated the effects on well-being. Moreover, the mediating effects were further mediated by self-control. Specifically, the impact of the future time perspective on ill-being was fully mediated by self-control (β = 0.01, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Based on the results, it is evident that the present-hedonistic time perspective, the future time perspective, and self-control are related to higher levels of well-being and lower levels of ill-being, thereby providing further insight into the theoretical framework of time perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, our findings provide practical implications for psychological interventions during the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the effects of time perspectives and self-control on the well-being and ill-being of different individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zong
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Mental Health Center, China Foreign Affairs University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizun Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Mental Health Center, Central University of Finance and Economics, No. 39 South College Road, Haidian District, 100081, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhihong Qiao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Mellner C, Dahlen M, Simonsson O. Association between Lifetime Classic Psychedelic Use and Sick Leave in a Population-Based Sample. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11353. [PMID: 36141631 PMCID: PMC9517576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Absenteeism from work due to illness, and related costs, has increased steadily during the past decades. In recent years, there has been a reemergence of research on the therapeutic effects of classic psychedelics showing associations with both physical and mental health. However, the association between classic psychedelics and sick leave remains unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between lifetime classic psychedelic use and sick leave in the past 30 days among adults in the United States (N = 407,717), using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2005-2019), weighted to be representative of the US adult population. METHODS The primary analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, risky behavior, and use of other substances. RESULTS There was a significant and negative association between lifetime classic psychedelic use and sick leave in the past 30 days (B = -0.09, p < 0.01) when adjusting for all control variables. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that classic psychedelics could potentially lead to reduced sick leave and associated costs in the general population, but more research is needed to investigate potential causal pathways of classic psychedelics on sick leave and evaluate possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Mellner
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Micael Dahlen
- Stockholm School of Economics, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Otto Simonsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 1JD, UK
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Sulistiyani S, Andriany M, Dewi NS. Psychological Well-being Structure of Indonesian Soldiers: Systematic Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Work-related stress can increase maladaptive coping behavior, like smoking behavior, in Indonesian soldiers. Pressure to achieve maximum performance might affect psychological condition of soldiers at work place. Most research results discuss negative psychological well-being, while positive well-being of Indonesian soldiers is still rarely discussed. OBJECTIVE. to elaborate structure of psychological well-being of Indonesian soldiers regarding their coping ability during military duty. METHOD. Research method used in this research is systematic review. Sources of database are retrieved from Google Scholar, Medline, PubMeds, Wiley Library, ScienceDirect, and Emerald with limitation in articles published between 2010 and 2018. Inclusion criteria of scientific articles reviewed are articles about soldiers, who are active-duty and retired, which are written in English and Indonesian. RESULTS. In 11 articles regarding psychological well-being in Indonesian soldiers that can elaborate six structures: autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. These six structures of psychological well-being can explain adaptive and maladaptive coping skills in Indonesian soldiers while they do military duty. CONCLUSION. Structure of positive psychological well-being based on evidence in Indonesian soldiers is critically needed during military duty. Improving adaptive coping skill in soldiers might be able to banish negative thoughts in order to maintain their mental health.
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Qureshi F, Stampfer M, Kubzansky LD, Trudel-Fitzgerald C. Prospective associations between coffee consumption and psychological well-being. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267500. [PMID: 35679227 PMCID: PMC9182697 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior work indicates a robust relationship between coffee consumption and lower depression risk, yet no research has examined links with psychological well-being (e.g., happiness, optimism). This study tested whether coffee intake is prospectively associated with greater psychological well-being over time. Secondarily, associations in the reverse direction were also examined to determine whether initial levels of psychological well-being were related to subsequent coffee consumption. METHODS Among women in the Nurses' Health Study, coffee consumption was examined in 1990 and 2002 in relation to sustained levels of happiness reported across multiple assessments from 1992-2000 (N = 44,449) and sustained levels of optimism assessed from 2004-2012 (N = 36,729). Associations were tested using generalized estimating equations with a Poisson distribution adjusted for various relevant covariates. Bidirectional relationships were evaluated in secondary analyses of baseline happiness (1992) and optimism (2004) with sustained moderate coffee consumption across multiple assessments through 2010. RESULTS Compared to minimal coffee consumption levels (<1 cup/day), moderate consumption (1-3 cups/day) was unrelated to happiness, whereas heavy consumption (≥4 cups/day) was associated with a 3% lower likelihood of sustained happiness (relative risk, RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.99). Only moderate coffee consumption was weakly associated with a greater likelihood of sustained optimism (RR1-3cups/day = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00-1.06). Secondary analyses showed high levels of optimism but not happiness levels were modestly associated with increased likelihood of sustained moderate coffee intake (RRoptimism = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02-1.10; RRhappiness = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.99-1.04). CONCLUSIONS Associations between psychological well-being and coffee consumption over up to two decades were largely null or weak. Although coffee consumption may protect individuals against depression over time, it may have limited impact on facets of psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Qureshi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Smyth N, Thorn L, Wood C, Hall D, Lister C. Increased Wellbeing following Engagement in a Group Nature-Based Programme: The Green Gym Programme Delivered by the Conservation Volunteers. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:978. [PMID: 35742030 PMCID: PMC9222393 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10060978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The wellbeing benefits of engaging in a nature-based programme, delivered by the Voluntary, Community and Social Enterprise sector, were examined in this study. Prior to attending The Conservation Volunteers' Green Gym™, attendees (n = 892) completed demographics, health characteristics and the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Short-Form Scale. Attendees (n = 253, 28.4%) provided a measure on average 4.5 months later. There were significant increases in wellbeing after engaging in Green Gym, with the greatest increases in those who had the lowest starting levels of wellbeing. Wellbeing increases were sustained on average 8.5 months and 13 months later in those providing a follow up measure (n = 92, n = 40, respectively). Attendees who continued to engage in Green Gym but not provide follow up data (n = 318, 35.7%) tended to be more deprived, female and self-report a health condition. Attendees who did not continue to engage in Green Gym (n = 321, 36.0%) tended to be less deprived and younger. These findings provide evidence of the wellbeing benefits of community nature-based activities and social ('green') prescribing initiatives and indicate that Green Gym targets some groups most in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Smyth
- School of Social Sciences, Psychology, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Lisa Thorn
- School of Social Sciences, Psychology, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Carly Wood
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK;
| | - Dominic Hall
- The Conservation Volunteers, Doncaster DN4 8DB, UK;
| | - Craig Lister
- Bedfordshire, Luton and Milton Keynes Integrated Care System, Luton LU1 2LJ, UK;
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Wilson D, Rodrigues de Oliveira D, Palace-Berl F, de Mello Ponteciano B, Fungaro Rissatti L, Piassa Pollizi V, Sardela de Miranda F, D'Almeida V, Demarzo M. Fostering emotional self-regulation in female teachers at the public teaching network: A mindfulness-based intervention improving psychological measures and inflammatory biomarkers. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 21:100427. [PMID: 35243406 PMCID: PMC8881415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of a mindfulness-based program specifically designed for teachers in reducing perceived stress and improving the quality of experienced emotion in female active working teachers. A second outcome evaluated is the associated change in cellular inflammatory activity, measured by peripheral blood levels of cytokines. METHOD Eighty-eight female active teachers from public schools from São Paulo Municipality were recruited, and randomly allocated to an eight-week Mindfulness-Based Health Program for Educators (MBHP-Educa) or to Neuroscience for Education Program (Neuro-Educa: active control group). The venue of both programs were several public school facilities, where many of the teachers actually worked. Both groups received activities during eight weeks in a 2 h/week regimen, totalizing 16 h. Sixty-five participants completed the program and pre- and post-interventions measures were taken from the following scales: Interpersonal Multidimensional Reactivity Scale (IRI), Positive-and-Negative Affects Scale (PANAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and a primary outcome in Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale (PBWS). At pre-and post-intervention, blood samples were collected for the measurement of several important inflammatory biomarkers, Tumor Necrosis Factor - α (TNF-α), Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 8 (IL-8), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and Interleukin 12p70 (IL-12P70) through flow cytometry assay. Intervention effects were analyzed via Generalized mixed models (GLMM). RESULTS According to the GLMM, MBHP-Educa significantly reduced the scores of perceived stress (p < 0.0001), and negative affect (p < 0.0001) compared to active control group (Neuro-Educa). Conversely, an increase was observed on Psychological Well Being Scale in dimensions of Self-acceptance (p < 0.0001), and Autonomy (p = 0.001), as well as improvements in Resilience (p < 0.0001), and Positive Affect (p < 0.0001). MBHP-Educa also promoted a reduction in the levels of IL-6 (p = 0.003), IL-8 (p = 0.036), and increase in the levels of IL-10 (p < 0.0001) and IL-12p70 (p < 0.044). TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10p70 showed results below theoretical limit of detection accepted for CBA kit. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that mindfulness-based interventions introduced as a strategy for reducing stress, promoting well-being and improve immune function can be a useful asset in promoting psychological health among teachers in Basic Education.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wilson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Fanny Palace-Berl
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Mello Ponteciano
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Fungaro Rissatti
- Department of Pathology, Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valéria Piassa Pollizi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Sardela de Miranda
- Laboratory of Imunomodulation, Department of Imunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vânia D'Almeida
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Demarzo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Chen Y, Weziak-Bialowolska D, Lee MT, Bialowolski P, McNeely E, VanderWeele TJ. Longitudinal associations between domains of flourishing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2740. [PMID: 35177714 PMCID: PMC8854559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06626-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The longitudinal interrelationships between domains of human well-being or flourishing remain understudied empirically. While different aspects of flourishing may be sought as their own end, it is also the case that well-being in one domain may influence well-being in other domains. Using longitudinal data form a sample of employees from a large national employer in the United States (N = 1209, mean age = 43.52 years, age range 20-74 years), this study examined the temporal associations between various domains of flourishing, based on a 40-item index that assessed six domains of flourishing. These domains include emotional health, physical health, meaning and purpose, character strengths, social connectedness, and financial security. A set of linear regression models were used to regress subsequent composite flourishing on flourishing domain-specific scores at baseline. The results indicated that all domains were each independently associated with greater composite flourishing subsequently. The strongest and most robust links were observed for meaning and purpose (β = 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13, 0.25), social connectedness (β = 0.17, 95% CI 0.12, 0.22), and financial security (β = 0.32, 95% CI 0.28, 0.37). Further analyses that regressed subsequent composite flourishing on individual item indicators at baseline suggested that, out of all 40 items, one item under the character domain "I always act to promote good in all circumstances, even in difficult and challenging situations" and one item in the physical health domain ("Based on my past health, I expect to be healthy long into the future") had the most robust association with subsequent composite flourishing. Implications of these results for understanding the constituents of a flourishing life and for refinement of the flourishing assessments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew T Lee
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Piotr Bialowolski
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eileen McNeely
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler J VanderWeele
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Andrade V, Quarta S, Tagarro M, Miloseva L, Massaro M, Chervenkov M, Ivanova T, Jorge R, Maksimova V, Smilkov K, Ackova DG, Ruskovska T, Philippou E, Deligiannidou GE, Kontogiorgis CA, Conesa MTG, Pinto P. Exploring Hedonic and Eudaimonic Items of Well-Being in Mediterranean and Non-Mediterranean Countries: Influence of Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:1715. [PMID: 35162739 PMCID: PMC8835089 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Increased understanding of subjective well-being (SWB), as well as factors that influence it, are essential to enhance well-being at the individual and national level. We have applied a hedonic and eudaimonic 9-item composed tool (SWB score) to measure SWB across several Mediterranean (MED) and non-Mediterranean (non-MED) countries, and to explore the association between the SWB score and a range of sociodemographic, health and Mediterranean lifestyle factors. A specifically designed web-based questionnaire was distributed to adult participants (N = 2400) from Spain, Italy, Portugal, Bulgaria and Republic of North Macedonia. Results showed that the SWB score was significantly different across the examined countries with the MED participants displaying slightly higher average scores than the non-MED ones (6.3 ± 1.5 vs. 6.1 ± 1.6, p = 0.002). Several sociodemographic, health status and lifestyle factors displayed a significant but limited association with the 9-item SWB score, with a multiple regression model explaining around 17% of the variance. Nevertheless, our results support that a closer adherence to Mediterranean lifestyle habits-the Mediterranean Diet, spending time with friends, family, and in nature, being active, and getting adequate rest at night-has a positive influence on the 9-item SWB score. Further research is needed to advance the understanding of the measuring and differentiating of SWB across different populations and to establish all the factors that influence it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Andrade
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agraria, 2001-904 Santarem, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Stefano Quarta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Marta Tagarro
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior de Educação, 2001-902 Santarem, Portugal;
| | - Lence Miloseva
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Mihail Chervenkov
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Slow Food in Bulgaria, 9 Pierre De Geytre St. bl. 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Ivanova
- Slow Food in Bulgaria, 9 Pierre De Geytre St. bl. 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rui Jorge
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agraria, 2001-904 Santarem, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Viktorija Maksimova
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Katarina Smilkov
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Darinka Gjorgieva Ackova
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Tatjana Ruskovska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, Str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, North Macedonia; (L.M.); (V.M.); (K.S.); (D.G.A.); (T.R.)
| | - Elena Philippou
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Georgia Eirini Deligiannidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (G.E.D.); (C.A.K.)
| | - Christos A. Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (G.E.D.); (C.A.K.)
| | - María-Teresa García Conesa
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Paula Pinto
- Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agraria, 2001-904 Santarem, Portugal; (V.A.); (R.J.)
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
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Lee DS, Jiang T, Crocker J, Way BM. Social Media Use and Its Link to Physical Health Indicators. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:87-93. [PMID: 35021894 PMCID: PMC8864418 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2021.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Social media use has become an integral part of many young adults' daily lives. Although much research has examined how social media use relates to psychological well-being, little is known about how it relates to physical health. To address this knowledge gap, the present research investigated how the amount of social media people use relates to various indices of physical health. Young adults provided a blood sample that was analyzed for C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of chronic inflammation. They also completed self-report measures of social media use, somatic symptoms, illness-related physician or health center visits, and whether they sought medical care for infection-related illnesses in the last 3 months. Social media use was positively correlated with higher levels of CRP, more somatic symptoms, and more visits to the doctor or health centers for an illness. Although directionally consistent, the correlation with likelihood of seeking medical care for infection-related illnesses was nonsignificant (p = 0.061). All of these results held after controlling for factors such as sociodemographic information and depressive symptoms. Given the prevalence of social media use in daily life, these findings underscore the need for more research examining how social media use relates to physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Lee
- Department of Communication, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer Crocker
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Baldwin M. Way
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Baragash RS, Aldowah H, Ghazal S. Virtual and augmented reality applications to improve older adults' quality of life: A systematic mapping review and future directions. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221132099. [PMID: 36339904 PMCID: PMC9629585 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221132099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The use of virtual reality and augmented reality to improve older adults' quality of life has rapidly increased in recent years. This systematic mapping review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of existing research that identifies and classifies current virtual reality and augmented reality applications that enhance the quality of life of older adults to increase the understanding of the impact of these technologies. Methods To reach this objective, a systematic mapping review was conducted of the studies published between 2009 and 2020 in major scientific databases, such as IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. A total of 57 studies were analyzed and classified into four main quality of life domains: physical, cognitive, psychological, and social well-being. Results The findings showed that virtual reality and augmented reality have found their places in many quality of life studies of older adults. Although virtual reality and augmented reality applications are notably growing in the physical and cognitive well-being domains in training and rehabilitation settings, they are still in the early stages of development in psychological and social well-being research as well as healthcare settings. Our findings also revealed that virtual reality games, particularly motion-based exergames, and 3D augmented reality systems are the most common virtual reality and augmented reality types among the reviewed studies. Moreover, balance and attention were the most prevalent physical and cognitive functions when using motion-based and immersive virtual reality exergames and augmented reality systems and games, respectively, while confidence and interaction were the most dominant psychological and social functions. Conclusion This mapping review provides a comprehensive overview of potential areas for further research in this field, thereby assisting researchers, technologists, and health practitioners in expanding this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Sulaiman Baragash
- Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hanan Aldowah
- Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Samar Ghazal
- Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Wahbeh H, Yount G, Vieten C, Radin D, Delorme A. Exploring Personal Development Workshops' Effect on Well-Being and Interconnectedness. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:87-95. [PMID: 35085021 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Personal development workshops are increasingly popular. This study evaluated the relationships between the measures of well-being, interconnectedness, and extended perception in various workshops and explored which kinds of workshops and individual characteristics predicted changes in these outcomes. Materials and Methods: In a prospective, uncontrolled, within-participant design study, adult participants completed questionnaires and online tasks before and after personal development workshops. Three analyses were conducted: (1) examining the relationships between measures by using only pre-workshop measures using Spearman correlations; (2) exploring change scores pre- to post-workshop and workshop using Wilcoxon signed-rank test; (3) assessing workshop format and content, and individual characteristics as predictors of those change scores multivariate nonparametric regression. The following outcomes were collected: Well-being-Arizona Integrative Outcomes Scale, positive and negative affect, Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale-Compassion subscale, Sleep Quality Scale, Numeric Pain Rating Scale; Interconnectedness-Cloninger Self-Transcendence Scale, Inclusion of Nature in Self and Inclusion of the Other in Self; and Extended perception tasks-Intuition Jar, Quick Remote Viewing, Psychokinesis Bubble, and Time Estimation. The following potential predictor variables were collected: demographic, mental health, psychiatric and meditation history, Single General Self-Rated Health Question, Brief Five-Factor Inventory-10, and the Noetic Experience and Belief Scale. Workshop leaders also selected which format and content characteristics applied to their workshop. Results: Interconnectedness measures were significantly and positively correlated with well-being (ρ: 0.27 to 0.33), positive affect (ρ: 0.20 to 0.27), and compassion (ρ: 0.21 to 0.32), and they were negatively correlated with sleep disturbance (ρ: -0.13 to -0.16) and pain (ρ: -0.11 to -0.16). Extended perception task performance was not correlated with interconnectedness or well-being. General personal development workshops improved subjective interconnectedness, well-being, positive emotion, and compassion, and they reduced sleep disturbances, negative emotion, and pain (all p's < 0.00005). The lecture (p = 0.03), small groups (p = 0.001), pairs (p = 0.01), and discussion (p = 0.03) workshop formats were significant predictors of well-being outcomes. The workshop content categories of meditation (p = 0.0002) and technology tools (p = 0.01) were also predictive of well-being outcomes, with meditation being the most consistent predictor of positive well-being changes. Conscientiousness was the only significant individual characteristic predictor (p = 0.002), although it was associated with increases in some well-being measures and decreases in others. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence for the positive relationship between the subjective sense of interconnectedness and multiple well-being measures and the beneficial effects of some personal development workshops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helané Wahbeh
- Department of Research, Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | - Garret Yount
- Department of Research, Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra Vieten
- Department of Research, Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | - Dean Radin
- Department of Research, Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, CA, USA
| | - Arnaud Delorme
- Department of Research, Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, CA, USA
- Institute of Neural Computation, SCCN, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Natt Och Dag Y, Engström G, Rosvall M. Life satisfaction and coronary atherosclerosis: The SCAPIS study. J Psychosom Res 2021; 152:110663. [PMID: 34798453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing interest in the potential health benefits of positive psychological states, especially with regard to cardiovascular health. Life satisfaction is thought to be a constituent component of psychological well-being; however, among the few previous studies that have investigated its associations with early stages of the cardiovascular disease process, only one small study has focused on coronary atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to explore associations between life satisfaction and coronary artery disease. METHODS The study used cross-sectional data from SCAPIS Malmö (n = 6251 randomly selected men and women, aged 50-64 years), including assessment of life satisfaction and coronary artery calcification. Adjustments were made for sociodemographic factors, depression, and cardiovascular risk factors as assessed with the SCORE instrument. RESULTS Higher levels of life satisfaction were associated with lower odds of increased coronary artery calcification. This association persisted after adjusting for sociodemographic factors and depression, but lost significance after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. Sub-analyses revealed a significant dose-response relationship between higher life satisfaction and lower grade of coronary calcification in all investigated coronary artery regions. CONCLUSION In this population-based sample, life satisfaction was associated with better coronary artery health. However, this association was largely explained by cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that life satisfaction is linked to coronary atherosclerosis through a decreased load of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Natt Och Dag
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - G Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Rosvall
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Primary Health Care, Regionhälsan, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Yu L, Mottola G, Bennett DA, Boyle PA. Adverse Impacts of Declining Financial and Health Literacy in Old Age. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 29:1129-1139. [PMID: 33676832 PMCID: PMC8357843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2021.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inadequate financial and health literacy presents a formidable public health and economic challenge in old age. This study investigated declining financial and health literacy in relation to decision making performance, scam susceptibility and psychological wellbeing. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING A community-based cohort in Northeastern Illinois, USA. PARTICIPANTS One thousand fourty-six older adults who were free of dementia at baseline and underwent annual clinical and literacy assessments. MEASUREMENTS Financial and health literacy, decision making, scam susceptibility, and psychological wellbeing were assessed using validated instruments. Linear mixed effects models estimated person-specific rates of change in financial and health literacy, and multivariable regression analyses examined the associations of declining literacy with subsequent levels of decision making, scam susceptibility, and psychological wellbeing. RESULTS The mean age was 81 years and 76% were female. Over up to 10 years of annual follow-ups, the average financial and health literacy score dropped 1 percentage point a year. Substantial variability in decline was observed between participants. Faster decline in financial and health literacy was associated with poorer decision making, higher scam susceptibility, and lower psychological wellbeing. Notably, these associations were above and beyond the baseline literacy level and persisted even after controlling for cognition. CONCLUSIONS Most community-dwelling older adults experience decline in financial and health literacy over time, but decline is not inevitable. Declining literacy is related to poorer decision making, greater scam susceptibility and lower wellbeing. These findings suggest that efforts to mitigate declining financial and health literacy may promote independence and wellbeing in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center (LY, DAB, PAB), Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center (LY, DAB), Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Gary Mottola
- FINRA Investor Education Foundation (GM), Washington DC, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center (LY, DAB, PAB), Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center (LY, DAB), Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patricia A Boyle
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center (LY, DAB, PAB), Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center (PAB), Chicago, IL, USA
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Craig H, Ryan J, Freak-Poli R, Owen A, McNeil J, Woods R, Ward S, Britt C, Gasevic D. Dispositional Optimism and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults: A Cohort Study. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:938-945. [PMID: 34334727 PMCID: PMC8490272 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optimism is modifiable and may be associated with healthy aging. We aim to investigate whether dispositional optimism is associated with all-cause mortality in adults 70 years and older. METHODS Between 2010 and 2014, older adults free of serious cardiovascular disease and dementia were recruited through primary care physicians and enrolled in the Aspirin Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) clinical trial. Australian ASPREE participants were invited to participate in the ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP) that was running in parallel to ASPREE. Optimism was assessed at baseline using the Life Orientation Test-Revised. The association between optimism, divided into quartiles, and all-cause mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 11,701 participants (mean [standard deviation] age = 75.1 [4.24] years; 46.6% men) returned the ALSOP Social questionnaire and completed the Life Orientation Test-Revised. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 469 deaths occurred. The fully adjusted model was not significant (hazard ratio = 0.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.58-1.06). There was evidence that age was an effect modifier of the association between optimism and longevity. Higher optimism was associated with lower mortality risk in the oldest individuals only (77+ years; hazard ratio = 0.61, 95% confidence interval = 0.39-0.96). CONCLUSIONS We observed no independent relationship between optimism and all-cause mortality in the total sample, although optimism seemed to be associated with lower risk among the oldest old (adults 77 years and older).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Craig
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, 34000, France
| | - Rosanne Freak-Poli
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alice Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - John McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Robyn Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Stephanie Ward
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Carlene Britt
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Danijela Gasevic
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
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Eshel Y, Kimhi S, Marciano H, Adini B. Morale and Perceived Threats as Predictors of Psychological Coping with Distress in Pandemic and Armed Conflict Times. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8759. [PMID: 34444505 PMCID: PMC8391374 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated predictors of psychological coping with adversity responses during the COVID-19 pandemic and an armed conflict. Two paired samples that represented the Israeli population that was exposed to both adversities were compared. Respondents rated five different psychological coping responses associated with the two adversities, such as anxiety or individual resilience. Perceived security, pandemic, economic, and political risks, as well as level of morale, were rated. Two major findings were disclosed by two path analyses. Morale improved the predictions of the varied coping responses in both the pandemic and conflict and was the best predictor of four out of five responses and the second-best predictor of the fifth response. Contrary to previous studies, our findings revealed that the concept of a single major predictor of coping responses under distress is an overgeneralization. In both cases, the coping responses were better explained by other perceived risks rather than by the risk of the investigated adversity. Rather than assume that a perceived security threat accounts for low levels of public moods, it is vital to study the antecedents of coping responses and to empirically examine additional potential predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohanan Eshel
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel Hai College, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel; (Y.E.); (S.K.); (H.M.)
- The Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), The Ergonomics and Human Factors Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Shaul Kimhi
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel Hai College, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel; (Y.E.); (S.K.); (H.M.)
| | - Hadas Marciano
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel Hai College, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel; (Y.E.); (S.K.); (H.M.)
- The Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), The Ergonomics and Human Factors Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139601, Israel
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Wendtlandt M, Wicker P. The Effects of Sport Activities and Environmentally Sustainable Behaviors on Subjective Well-Being: A Comparison Before and During COVID-19. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:659837. [PMID: 34109311 PMCID: PMC8180565 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.659837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of sport activities and environmentally sustainable behaviors on the subjective well-being of working-age adults (18-64). Specifically, it analyzes the effects of different types of sport activities, including nature-based, natural resource-using, and nature-neutral sport activities and different types of environmentally sustainable behaviors such as recycling, ecological consumption, energy-saving, and mobility on subjective well-being. The study conducts comparisons between the period before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the first lockdown in Germany. Quantitative survey data were collected using a convenience sampling approach (n = 412). Sport activities were captured with the number of hours spent on nature-based, natural resource-using, and nature-neutral activities. Environmentally sustainable behaviors were measured across four areas, including recycling, ecological consumption, energy-saving, and mobility. Subjective well-being was measured using the scale of the World Health Organization (WHO-5). Differences between the periods before and during COVID-19 were analyzed using t-tests. A set of multivariate regression models were estimated with subjective well-being as the dependent variable and sport activities, environmentally sustainable behaviors, and socio-demographics as independent variables. The results show that nature-based and nature-neutral sport activities significantly decreased during the first COVID-19 lockdown, while environmentally sustainable behaviors increased. The regression analyses reveal that nature-based and nature-neutral sport activities as well as ecological consumption significantly added to individuals' subjective well-being in the pre- and during-COVID-19-period. A decrease in nature-based and nature-neutral sport activities significantly predicted a decrease in individuals' subjective well-being. The findings of this study might help people understand the role and importance of active living for psychosocial outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Wendtlandt
- Department of Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Weziak-Bialowolska D, Bialowolski P, Lee MT, Chen Y, VanderWeele TJ, McNeely E. Psychometric Properties of Flourishing Scales From a Comprehensive Well-Being Assessment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:652209. [PMID: 33967913 PMCID: PMC8097094 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.652209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we develop a measure of complete well-being. The framework is derived from the theoretical model of human flourishing understood as a state in which all aspects of a human life are favorable. The approach extends beyond psychological well-being and reflects the World Health Organization definition of health that not only considers the health of body and mind but also embraces the wholeness of the person. The Well-Being Assessment (WBA) is a comprehensive instrument designed to assess holistic well-being in six domains: emotional health, physical health, meaning and purpose, character strengths, social connectedness, and financial security. Although each of these domains is distinct, all of them are nearly universally desired, and all but financial security constitute ends in themselves. Data were collected from a representative sample of working adults. A sample of 276 employees participated in the pilot, 2,370 participated in the first wave and 1,209 in the second wave of the survey. The WBA showed a good fitting (40 items, six factors), satisfactory reliability, test-retest correlation, and convergent/discriminant validity in relation to stability over time and relevant health measures, as well as a good fit to the data that were invariant over time, gender, age, education, and marital status. The instrument can be of use for scientists, practitioners, clinicians, public health officials, and patients. Adoption of more holistic measures of well-being that go beyond psychological well-being may help to shift the focus from health deficiencies to health and well-being promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Piotr Bialowolski
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Matthew T. Lee
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ying Chen
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tyler J. VanderWeele
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eileen McNeely
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (SHINE), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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