1
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Vo MC, Jung SH, Nguyen VT, Tran VDH, Ruzimurodov N, Kim SK, Nguyen XH, Kim M, Song GY, Ahn SY, Ahn JS, Yang DH, Kim HJ, Lee JJ. Exploring cellular immunotherapy platforms in multiple myeloma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27892. [PMID: 38524535 PMCID: PMC10957441 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances in therapeutic platforms, most patients with multiple myeloma (MM) eventually relapse and succumb to the disease. Among the novel therapeutic options developed over the past decade, genetically engineered T cells have a great deal of potential. Cellular immunotherapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, are rapidly becoming an effective therapeutic modality for MM. Marrow-infiltrating lymphocytes (MILs) derived from the bone marrow of patients with MM are a novel source of T cells for adoptive T-cell therapy, which robustly and specifically target myeloma cells. In this review, we examine the recent innovations in cellular immunotherapies, including the use of dendritic cells, and cellular tools based on MILs, natural killer (NK) cells, and CAR T cells, which hold promise for improving the efficacy and/or reducing the toxicity of treatment in patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manh-Cuong Vo
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Viet Nam
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
- Vaxcell-Bio Therapeutics, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Jung
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Van-Tan Nguyen
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Van-Dinh-Huan Tran
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Nodirjon Ruzimurodov
- Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
| | - Sang Ki Kim
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory and Companion Animal Science, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan-eup, Yesan-gun, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Vaxcell-Bio Therapeutics, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Hi-Tech Center and Vinmec-VinUni Institute of Immunology, Vinmec Healthcare system, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mihee Kim
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Song
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Ahn
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sook Ahn
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Hwan Yang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeoung-Joon Kim
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
- Vaxcell-Bio Therapeutics, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
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2
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Fioretto L, Gallo C, Mercogliano M, Ziaco M, Nuzzo G, d'Ippolito G, Follero O, DellaGreca M, Giaccio P, Nittoli V, Ambrosino C, Sordino P, Soluri A, Soluri A, Massari R, D'Amelio M, De Palma R, Fontana A, Manzo E. BODIPY-Based Analogue of the TREM2-Binding Molecular Adjuvant Sulfavant A, a Chemical Tool for Imaging and Tracking Biological Systems. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3362-3372. [PMID: 38348659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Recently, we described synthetic sulfolipids named Sulfavants as a novel class of molecular adjuvants based on the sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglycerol skeleton. The members of this family, Sulfavant A (1), Sulfavant R (2), and Sulfavant S (3), showed important effects on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)-induced differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (hDC), through a novel cell mechanism underlying the regulation of the immune response. As these molecules are involved in biological TREM2-mediated processes crucial for cell survival, here, we report the synthesis and application of a fluorescent analogue of Sulfavant A bearing the 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene moiety (Me4-BODIPY). The fluorescent derivative, named PB-SULF A (4), preserving the biological activity of Sulfavants, opens the way to chemical biology and cell biology experiments to better understand the interactions with cellular and in vivo organ targets and to improve our comprehension of complex molecular mechanisms underlying the not fully understood ligand-induced TREM2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fioretto
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Marcello Mercogliano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80136 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marcello Ziaco
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Giuliana d'Ippolito
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Olimpia Follero
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Marina DellaGreca
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80136 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Giaccio
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Valeria Nittoli
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Sordino
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Sicily Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Consolare Pompea 29, 98167 Messina,Italy
| | - Alessandro Soluri
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso″, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soluri
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso″, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Molecular Neurosciences, University Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Massari
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso″, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Molecular Neurosciences, University Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- Clinica di Medicina Interna, Immunologia Clinica e Medicina Traslazionale, Ospedale San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova,Italy
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II″, via Cinthia, Bldg.7, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Emiliano Manzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
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3
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Maeda K, Tanioka T, Takahashi R, Watanabe H, Sueki H, Takimoto M, Hashimoto SI, Ikeo K, Miwa Y, Kasama T, Iwamoto S. MCAM+CD161- Th17 Subset Expressing CD83 Enhances Tc17 Response in Psoriasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1867-1881. [PMID: 37186262 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the pathogenic roles of IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (T-cytotoxic 17 [Tc17]) in psoriasis. However, the underlying mechanisms of Tc17 induction remain unclear. In this study, we focused on the pathogenic subsets of Th17 and their mechanism of promotion of Tc17 responses. We determined that the pathogenic Th17-enriched fraction expressed melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) and CCR6, but not CD161, because this subset produced IL-17A abundantly and the presence of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients has been correlated with the severity of psoriasis. Intriguingly, the serial analysis of gene expression revealed that CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells displayed the gene profile for adaptive immune responses, including CD83, which is an activator for CD8+ T cells. Coculture assay with or without intercellular contact between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells showed that CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells induced the proliferation of CD8+ T cells in a CD83-dependent manner. However, the production of IL-17A by CD8+ T cells required exogenous IL-17A, suggesting that intercellular contact via CD83 and the production of IL-17A from activated CD4+ T cells elicit Tc17 responses. Intriguingly, the CD83 expression was enhanced in the presence of IL-15, and CD83+ cells stimulated with IL-1β, IL-23, IL-15, and IL-15Rα did not express FOXP3. Furthermore, CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells expressing CD83 were increased in the peripheral blood of patients, and the CD83+ Th17-type cells accumulated in the lesional skin of psoriasis. In conclusion, pathogenic MCAM+CD161- Th17 cells may be involved in the Tc17 responses via IL-17A and CD83 in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Maeda
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanioka
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Takahashi
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Sueki
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takimoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ikeo
- DNA Data Analysis Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miwa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kasama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanju Iwamoto
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Wu Z, Yoshikawa T, Inoue S, Ito Y, Kasuya H, Nakashima T, Zhang H, Kotaka S, Hosoda W, Suzuki S, Kagoya Y. CD83 expression characterizes precursor exhausted T cell population. Commun Biol 2023; 6:258. [PMID: 36906640 PMCID: PMC10008643 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell exhaustion is a main obstacle against effective cancer immunotherapy. Exhausted T cells include a subpopulation that maintains proliferative capacity, referred to as precursor exhausted T cells (TPEX). While functionally distinct and important for antitumor immunity, TPEX possess some overlapping phenotypic features with the other T-cell subsets within the heterogeneous tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TIL). Here we explore surface marker profiles unique to TPEX using the tumor models treated by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells. We find that CD83 is predominantly expressed in the CCR7+PD1+ intratumoral CAR-T cells compared with the CCR7-PD1+ (terminally differentiated) and CAR-negative (bystander) T cells. The CD83+CCR7+ CAR-T cells exhibit superior antigen-induced proliferation and IL-2 production compared with the CD83- T cells. Moreover, we confirm selective expression of CD83 in the CCR7+PD1+ T-cell population in primary TIL samples. Our findings identify CD83 as a marker to discriminate TPEX from terminally exhausted and bystander TIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wu
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yoshikawa
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ito
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kasuya
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakashima
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haosong Zhang
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cellular Oncology, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Saki Kotaka
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
- Division of Cellular Oncology, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Division of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Webb ER, Dodd GL, Noskova M, Bullock E, Muir M, Frame MC, Serrels A, Brunton VG. Kindlin-1 regulates IL-6 secretion and modulates the immune environment in breast cancer models. eLife 2023; 12:e85739. [PMID: 36883731 PMCID: PMC10023156 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The adhesion protein Kindlin-1 is over-expressed in breast cancer where it is associated with metastasis-free survival; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Here, we report that Kindlin-1 promotes anti-tumor immune evasion in mouse models of breast cancer. Deletion of Kindlin-1 in Met-1 mammary tumor cells led to tumor regression following injection into immunocompetent hosts. This was associated with a reduction in tumor infiltrating Tregs. Similar changes in T cell populations were seen following depletion of Kindlin-1 in the polyomavirus middle T antigen (PyV MT)-driven mouse model of spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis. There was a significant increase in IL-6 secretion from Met-1 cells when Kindlin-1 was depleted and conditioned media from Kindlin-1-depleted cells led to a decrease in the ability of Tregs to suppress the proliferation of CD8+ T cells, which was dependent on IL-6. In addition, deletion of tumor-derived IL-6 in the Kindlin-1-depleted tumors reversed the reduction of tumor-infiltrating Tregs. Overall, these data identify a novel function for Kindlin-1 in regulation of anti-tumor immunity, and that Kindlin-1 dependent cytokine secretion can impact the tumor immune environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Webb
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Georgia L Dodd
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Michaela Noskova
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Esme Bullock
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Margaret C Frame
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Alan Serrels
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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6
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Yamada S, Miyata H, Isono M, Hori K, Yanagawa J, Murai A, Minowa T, Mizue Y, Sasaki K, Murata K, Tokita S, Nakatsugawa M, Iwabuchi S, Hashimoto S, Kubo T, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Abe T, Shinohara N, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T. Cisplatin resistance driver claspin is a target for immunotherapy in urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023:10.1007/s00262-023-03388-5. [PMID: 36795123 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a major and fatal urological disease. Cisplatin is a key drug for the treatment of bladder cancer, especially in muscle-invasive cases. In most cases of bladder cancer, cisplatin is effective; however, resistance to cisplatin has a significant negative impact on prognosis. Thus, a treatment strategy for cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer is essential to improve the prognosis. In this study, we established a cisplatin-resistant (CR) bladder cancer cell line using an urothelial carcinoma cell lines (UM-UC-3 and J82). We screened for potential targets in CR cells and found that claspin (CLSPN) was overexpressed. CLSPN mRNA knockdown revealed that CLSPN had a role in cisplatin resistance in CR cells. In our previous study, we identified human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01-restricted CLSPN peptide by HLA ligandome analysis. Thus, we generated a CLSPN peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone that recognized CR cells at a higher level than wild-type UM-UC-3 cells. These findings indicate that CLSPN is a driver of cisplatin resistance and CLSPN peptide-specific immunotherapy may be effective for cisplatin-resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Yamada
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Haruka Miyata
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Makoto Isono
- Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital, Abiko, 270-1166, Japan
| | - Kanta Hori
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Junko Yanagawa
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Aiko Murai
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Minowa
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Departments of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuka Mizue
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kenta Sasaki
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical University School of Medicine, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Serina Tokita
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Terufumi Kubo
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takashige Abe
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Nobuo Shinohara
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8648, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan.
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7
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Lee-Chang C, Lesniak MS. Next-generation antigen-presenting cell immune therapeutics for gliomas. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163449. [PMID: 36719372 PMCID: PMC9888388 DOI: 10.1172/jci163449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation machinery and professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are fundamental for an efficacious immune response against cancers, especially in the context of T cell-centric immunotherapy. Dendritic cells (DCs), the gold standard APCs, play a crucial role in initiating and maintaining a productive antigen-specific adaptive immunity. In recent decades, ex vivo-differentiated DCs from circulating CD14+ monocytes have become the reference for APC-based immunotherapy. DCs loaded with tumor-associated antigens, synthetic peptides, or RNA activate T cells with antitumor properties. This strategy has paved the way for the development of alternative antigen-presenting vaccination strategies, such as monocytes, B cells, and artificial APCs, that have shown effective therapeutic outcomes in preclinical cancer models. The search for alternative APC platforms was initiated by the overall limited clinical impact of DC vaccines, especially in indications such as gliomas, a primary brain tumor known for resistance to any immune intervention. In this Review, we navigate the APC immune therapeutics' past, present, and future in the context of primary brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maciej S. Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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8
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Riaz B, Islam SMS, Ryu HM, Sohn S. CD83 Regulates the Immune Responses in Inflammatory Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032831. [PMID: 36769151 PMCID: PMC9917562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating the immune system plays an important role in maintaining physiological homeostasis and defending the body against harmful infections. However, abnormalities in the immune response can lead to various immunopathological responses and severe inflammation. The activation of dendritic cells (DCs) can influence immunological responses by promoting the differentiation of T cells into various functional subtypes crucial for the eradication of pathogens. CD83 is a molecule known to be expressed on mature DCs, activated B cells, and T cells. Two isotypes of CD83, a membrane-bound form and a soluble form, are subjects of extensive scientific research. It has been suggested that CD83 is not only a ubiquitous co-stimulatory molecule but also a crucial player in monitoring and resolving inflammatory reactions. Although CD83 has been involved in immunological responses, its functions in autoimmune diseases and effects on pathogen immune evasion remain unclear. Herein, we outline current immunological findings and the proposed function of CD83 in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Riaz
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - S. M. Shamsul Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Myung Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyang Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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9
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Jin G, Chang Y, Harris J, Bao X. Adoptive Immunotherapy: A Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Perspective. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 212:439-467. [PMID: 36599319 PMCID: PMC10318121 DOI: 10.1159/000528838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed significant advances in cancer immunotherapy, particularly through the adoptive transfer of engineered T cells in treating advanced leukemias and lymphomas. Despite these excitements, challenges remain with scale, cost, and ensuring quality control of engineered immune cells, including chimeric antigen receptor T, natural killer cells, and macrophages. The advent of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, has transformed immunotherapy by providing a scalable, off-the-shelf source of any desired immune cells for basic research, translational studies, and clinical interventions. The tractability of hPSCs for gene editing could also generate homogenous, universal cellular products with custom functionality for individual or combinatory therapeutic applications. This review will explore various immune cell types whose directed differentiation from hPSCs has been achieved and recently adapted for translational immunotherapy and feature forward-looking bioengineering techniques shaping the future of the stem cell field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuhyung Jin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Yun Chang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Jackson Harris
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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10
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Vidard L. 4-1BB and cytokines trigger human NK, γδ T, and CD8 + T cell proliferation and activation, but are not required for their effector functions. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 11:e749. [PMID: 36705415 PMCID: PMC9753824 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was designed to compare the costimulatory molecules and cytokines required to trigger the proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK), γδ T, and CD8+ T cells, and gain in-depth insight into the mechanisms shifting tolerance to immunity. METHODS K562-derived artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs); that is, K562 forced to express CD86 and 4-1BBL costimulatory receptors, in the presence of cytokines, were used to mimic dendritic cells (DCs) and provide signals to support the proliferation and activation of NK, γδ T, and CD8+ T cells. RESULTS Three signals are required to trigger optimal proliferation in MART-1-specific CD8+ T cells: activation of T-cell receptors (TCRs) by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I/peptide complexes (signal 1); 4-1BB engagement (signal 2); and IL-15 and IL-21 receptor co-signaling (signal 3). NK and γδ T cell proliferation also require three signals, but the precise nature of signal 1 involving cell-to-cell contact was not determined. Once they become effectors, only signal 1 determines the sensitivity or resistance of the target cells to cytolysis by killer lymphocytes. When freshly purified, none had effector functions, except the NK cells, which could be activated by CD16 engagement. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, lymphocytes committed to kill are produced as inactive precursors, and the license to kill is delivered by three signals, allowing for extensive proliferation and effector function acquisition. This data challenges the paradigm of anergy and supports the danger signal theory originally proposed by Polly Matzinger, which states that killer cells are tolerant by default, thereby protecting the mammalian body from autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Vidard
- Department of Immuno‐OncologySanofiVitry‐sur‐SeineFrance
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11
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Nishiyama S, Wright AE, Lotan I, Mikami T, Paul F, Aoki M, Levy M. Upregulated complement receptors correlate with Fc gamma receptor 3A-positive natural killer and natural killer-T cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:296. [PMID: 36503481 PMCID: PMC9743562 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Inhibition of terminal complement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) using eculizumab helps prevent relapses, but the exact mechanism of action of the drug remains unclear. Similarly, genetic variants in the Fc Gamma receptor 3A (FCGR3A), also known as CD16, are correlated with outcomes in NMOSD, but the immune cells expressing those CD16 are unknown. We compared CD16 expression on immune cells modulated by complement activity in natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer-T (NKT) cells in NMOSD to disease and normal-healthy controls. METHODS Peripheral blood cell (PBMC) samples from 45 patients with NMOSD with aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG, 18 disease controls, and 19 normal controls were analyzed for CD16 expression and complement receptors in vitro. RESULTS At baseline, the number of NKT cells was increased in NMOSD (p < 0.001), but the proportion that was CD16 positive was lower compared to normal and disease controls (p = 0.0012). NK cell count was normal, but the ratio that was CD16 positive was also significantly lower (p < 0.001). In both NK cells and NKT cells from NMOSD, C5 complement receptor expression was much higher than normal and disease controls (p < 0.001 for both). We also evaluated activation markers CD69 and CD83, which were also significantly higher in NK and NKT cells from NMOSD patients. FCGR3A p158 V/V genotype group in NMOSD patients showed decreased NK cell proportion with activation, and fewer CD16-expressing NKT cells than the F/F genotype group. DISCUSSION Our results support an immunopathogenesis model in which complement pathway activation in NK/NKT cells upregulates CD16 expression that binds to antibody/antigen complexes. In the context of NMOSD, these complement-sensitive cells may be responsible for the escalating autoimmune activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Nishiyama
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 114, 16th St., Room 3150, Charlestown, MA 02129 Boston, USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Amy E. Wright
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 114, 16th St., Room 3150, Charlestown, MA 02129 Boston, USA
| | - Itay Lotan
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 114, 16th St., Room 3150, Charlestown, MA 02129 Boston, USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Takahisa Mikami
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 114, 16th St., Room 3150, Charlestown, MA 02129 Boston, USA ,grid.67033.310000 0000 8934 4045Department of Neurology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA
| | - Friedemann Paul
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Masashi Aoki
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Michael Levy
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 114, 16th St., Room 3150, Charlestown, MA 02129 Boston, USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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12
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Parker H, Gravagnuolo AM, Vranic S, Crica LE, Newman L, Carnell O, Bussy C, Dookie RS, Prestat E, Haigh SJ, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, MacDonald AS. Graphene oxide modulates dendritic cell ability to promote T cell activation and cytokine production. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17297-17314. [PMID: 36374249 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An important aspect of immunotherapy is the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to prime T cell immunity, an approach that has yielded promising results in some early phase clinical trials. However, novel approaches are required to improve DC therapeutic efficacy by enhancing their uptake of, and activation by, disease relevant antigens. The carbon nano-material graphene oxide (GO) may provide a unique way to deliver antigen to innate immune cells and modify their ability to initiate effective adaptive immune responses. We have assessed whether GO of various lateral sizes affects DC activation and function in vitro and in vivo, including their ability to take up, process and present the well-defined model antigen ovalbumin (OVA). We have found that GO flakes are internalised by DCs, while having minimal effect on their viability, activation phenotype or cytokine production. Although adsorption of OVA protein to either small or large GO flakes promoted its uptake into DCs, large GO interfered with OVA processing. In terms of modulation of DC function, delivery of OVA via small GO flakes significantly enhanced DC ability to induce proliferation of OVA-specific CD4+ T cells, promoting granzyme B secretion in vitro. On the other hand, delivery of OVA via large GO flakes augmented DC ability to induce proliferation of OVA-specific CD8+ T cells, and their production of IFN-γ and granzyme B. Together, these data demonstrate the capacity of GO of different lateral dimensions to act as a promising delivery platform for DC modulation of distinct facets of the adaptive immune response, information that could be exploited for future development of targeted immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Parker
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Livia Elena Crica
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Leon Newman
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Oliver Carnell
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca S Dookie
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - Eric Prestat
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, UK
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - Sarah J Haigh
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
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Rastogi I, Jeon D, Moseman JE, Muralidhar A, Potluri HK, McNeel DG. Role of B cells as antigen presenting cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954936. [PMID: 36159874 PMCID: PMC9493130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells have been long studied for their role and function in the humoral immune system. Apart from generating antibodies and an antibody-mediated memory response against pathogens, B cells are also capable of generating cell-mediated immunity. It has been demonstrated by several groups that B cells can activate antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, and can have regulatory and cytotoxic effects. The function of B cells as professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) to activate T cells has been largely understudied. This, however, requires attention as several recent reports have demonstrated the importance of B cells within the tumor microenvironment, and B cells are increasingly being evaluated as cellular therapies. Antigen presentation through B cells can be through antigen-specific (B cell receptor (BCR) dependent) or antigen non-specific (BCR independent) mechanisms and can be modulated by a variety of intrinsic and external factors. This review will discuss the pathways and mechanisms by which B cells present antigens, and how B cells differ from other professional APCs.
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14
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Gupta YH, Khanom A, Acton SE. Control of Dendritic Cell Function Within the Tumour Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:733800. [PMID: 35355992 PMCID: PMC8960065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.733800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) presents a major block to anti-tumour immune responses and to effective cancer immunotherapy. The inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and prostaglandins generated in the TME alter the phenotype and function of dendritic cells (DCs) that are critical for a successful adaptive immune response against the growing tumour. In this mini review we discuss how tumour cells and the surrounding stroma modulate DC maturation and trafficking to impact T cell function. Fibroblastic stroma and the associated extracellular matrix around tumours can also provide physical restrictions to infiltrating DCs and other leukocytes. We discuss interactions between the inflammatory TME and infiltrating immune cell function, exploring how the inflammatory TME affects generation of T cell-driven anti-tumour immunity. We discuss the open question of the relative importance of antigen-presentation site; locally within the TME versus tumour-draining lymph nodes. Addressing these questions will potentially increase immune surveillance and enhance anti-tumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukti Hari Gupta
- Stromal Immunology Laboratory, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophie E. Acton
- Stromal Immunology Laboratory, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Russell C, Rodriguez C, Yaseen M. High-value biochemical products & applications of freshwater eukaryotic microalgae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151111. [PMID: 34695461 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A shift in public perception of the health and nutritional benefits of organic supplements and skin care products has led to a surge in high-value products being extracted from microalgae. Traditional forms of microalgae products were proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. However, in recent times the extraction of carotenoids (pigments), polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs), vitamins, phytosterols and polyphenols has increased significantly. Despite the diversity of products most research has failed to scale up production to industrial scale due to economic constraints and productivity capacities. It is clear that the main market drivers are the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. This paper reviews the high-value products produced from freshwater eukaryotic microalgae. In addition, the paper also considers the biochemical properties of eukaryotic microalgae to provide a comparative analysis of different strains based on their high-value product content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Russell
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - Mohammed Yaseen
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
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16
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Biele E, Schober SJ, Prexler C, Thiede M, von Heyking K, Gassmann H, Eck J, Xue B, Burdach S, Thiel U. Monocyte Maturation Mediators Upregulate CD83, ICAM-1 and MHC Class 1 Expression on Ewing's Sarcoma, Enhancing T Cell Cytotoxicity. Cells 2021; 10:3070. [PMID: 34831294 PMCID: PMC8624504 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (EwS) is a pediatric solid tumor entity with low somatic mutational burden and a low rate of tumor-infiltrating T cells, indicating a low extent of immunogenicity. In EwS, immunogenicity may furthermore be significantly diminished by a predominantly M2 macrophage driven pro-tumorigenic tumor microenvironment. In the past, we demonstrated that CHM1319-specific TCR-transgenic T cells are able to control EwS growth in a preclinical mouse model as well as in a patient with metastatic disease. However, new adjuvant techniques to induce long lasting and curative CHM1319-specific TCR-transgenic T cell-mediated anti-tumor responses are needed. In this work, we sought to identify a technique to improve the cytotoxic effect of CHM1319-specific TCR-transgenic T cell by altering the immunogenic cell surface marker expression on EwS cell lines using different cytokines. We demonstrate that TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and PGE2 cause pro-immunogenic CD83, MHC class I and II as well as ICAM-1 upregulation in EwS cell lines. This observation was associated with significantly improved recognition and killing of the tumor cells by EwS-specific CHM1319/HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR-transgenic T cells. Conclusively, we demonstrate that the induction of an inflammatory signature renders EwS more susceptible to adoptive T cell therapy. TNF, which is upregulated during inflammatory processes, is of particular translational interest as its secretion may be induced in the patients e.g., by irradiation and hyperthermia in the clinical setting. In future clinical protocols, this finding may be important to identify appropriate conditioning regimens as well as point of time for adoptive T cell-based immunotherapy in EwS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Biele
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Sebastian J. Schober
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Carolin Prexler
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Melanie Thiede
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Kristina von Heyking
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Hendrik Gassmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Jennifer Eck
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Busheng Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Thiel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80804 Munich, Germany; (S.J.S.); (C.P.); (M.T.); (K.v.H.); (H.G.); (J.E.); (B.X.); (S.B.)
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Adjuvants and Vaccines Used in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Induce Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040321. [PMID: 33915724 PMCID: PMC8066953 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum hydroxide (alum) and monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPLA) are conventional adjuvants in vaccines for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Alum triggers the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by neutrophils. NETs contain expelled decondensed chromatin associated with granular material and may act as danger-associated molecular patterns and activate antigen-presenting cells. We investigated whether adjuvant-induced NETs contribute to innate responses to AIT-vaccines. Human neutrophils were incubated with alum, MPLA and adjuvant-containing AIT-vaccine preparations. NETs were verified by time-lapse and confocal fluorescence microscopy and quantitatively assessed by DNA and elastase release and ROS production. In contrast to MPLA, alum represented a potent trigger for NET release. Vaccine formulations containing alum resulted in less NET release than alum alone, whereas the vaccine containing MPLA induced stronger NET responses than MPLA alone. NETs and alum alone and synergistically increased the expression of molecules involved in antigen presentation, i.e., CD80, CD86 and CD83, by peripheral blood monocytes. Monocyte priming with NETs resulted in individually differing IL-1β- and IL-6-responses. Thus, NETs induced by adjuvants in AIT-vaccines can provide autonomous and cooperative effects on early innate responses. The high diversity of individual innate responses to adjuvants and AIT-vaccines may affect their therapeutic efficacy.
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Ochi T, Maruta M, Tanimoto K, Kondo F, Yamamoto T, Kurata M, Fujiwara H, Masumoto J, Takenaka K, Yasukawa M. A single-chain antibody generation system yielding CAR-T cells with superior antitumor function. Commun Biol 2021; 4:273. [PMID: 33654176 PMCID: PMC7925539 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using T cells redirected with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has shown a lot of promise. We have established a single-chain antibody (scFv) generation system in which scFv library-expressing CAR-T cells can be screened appropriately based on their antitumor functions. A variable region library containing the variable and J regions of the human immunoglobulin light or heavy chain was fused with the variable region of a heavy or light chain encoded by an existing tumor-specific antibody to generate a new scFv library. Then, scFv library-expressing CAR-T cells were generated and stimulated with target cells to concentrate the antigen-specific population. Using this system, target-specific recognition of CAR-T cells appeared to be finely tuned by selecting a new variable region. Importantly, we have demonstrated that the newly optimized scFv-expressing CAR-T cells had better proliferation capacity and durable phenotypes, enabling superior reactivity against advanced tumors in vivo in comparison with the original CAR-T cells. Therefore, the optimization of an scFv is needed to maximize the in vivo antitumor functions of CAR-T cells. This system may allow us to adjust an immunological synapse formed by an scFv expressed by CAR-T cells and a target antigen, representing an ideal form of CAR-T-cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Ochi
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
- Division of Immune Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Masaki Maruta
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazushi Tanimoto
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Fumitake Kondo
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yamamoto
- Department of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mie Kurata
- Department of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Department of Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Katsuto Takenaka
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Yasukawa
- Division of Immune Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan
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19
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Sugata K, Matsunaga Y, Yamashita Y, Nakatsugawa M, Guo T, Halabelian L, Ohashi Y, Saso K, Rahman MA, Anczurowski M, Wang CH, Murata K, Saijo H, Kagoya Y, Ly D, Burt BD, Butler MO, Mak TW, Hirano N. Affinity-matured HLA class II dimers for robust staining of antigen-specific CD4 + T cells. Nat Biotechnol 2021; 39:958-967. [PMID: 33649568 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-00836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) multimers enable the detection of antigen-specific T cells in studies ranging from vaccine efficacy to cancer immunotherapy. However, this technology is unreliable when applied to pMHC class II for the detection of CD4+ T cells. Here, using a combination of molecular biological and immunological techniques, we cloned sequences encoding human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DP, HLA-DQ and HLA-DR molecules with enhanced CD4 binding affinity (with a Kd of 8.9 ± 1.1 µM between CD4 and affinity-matured HLA-DP4) and produced affinity-matured class II dimers that stain antigen-specific T cells better than conventional multimers in both in vitro and ex vivo analyses. Using a comprehensive library of dimers for HLA-DP4, which is the most frequent HLA allele in many ancestry groups, we mapped 103 HLA-DP4-restricted epitopes derived from diverse tumor-associated antigens and cloned the cognate T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) genes from in vitro-stimulated CD4+ T cells. The availability of affinity-matured class II dimers across HLA-DP, HLA-DQ and HLA-DR alleles will aid in the investigation of human CD4+ T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sugata
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yukiko Matsunaga
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuki Yamashita
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Levon Halabelian
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yota Ohashi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kayoko Saso
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muhammed A Rahman
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chung-Hsi Wang
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenji Murata
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Saijo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dalam Ly
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian D Burt
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tak W Mak
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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20
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Liu E, Ang SOT, Kerbauy L, Basar R, Kaur I, Kaplan M, Li L, Tong Y, Daher M, Ensley EL, Uprety N, Nunez Cortes AK, Yang RZ, Li Y, Shaim H, Reyes Silva F, Lin P, Mohanty V, Acharya S, Shanley M, Muniz-Feliciano L, Banerjee PP, Chen K, Champlin RE, Shpall EJ, Rezvani K. GMP-Compliant Universal Antigen Presenting Cells (uAPC) Promote the Metabolic Fitness and Antitumor Activity of Armored Cord Blood CAR-NK Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:626098. [PMID: 33717142 PMCID: PMC7952299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.626098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes recognized for their important role against tumor cells. NK cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have enhanced effector function against various type of cancer and are attractive contenders for the next generation of cancer immunotherapies. However, a number of factors have hindered the application of NK cells for cellular therapy, including their poor in vitro growth kinetics and relatively low starting percentages within the mononuclear cell fraction of peripheral blood or cord blood (CB). To overcome these limitations, we genetically-engineered human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A- and HLA-B- K562 cells to enforce the expression of CD48, 4-1BBL, and membrane-bound IL-21 (mbIL21), creating a universal antigen presenting cell (uAPC) capable of stimulating their cognate receptors on NK cells. We have shown that uAPC can drive the expansion of both non-transduced (NT) and CAR-transduced CB derived NK cells by >900-fold in 2 weeks of co-culture with excellent purity (>99.9%) and without indications of senescence/exhaustion. We confirmed that uAPC-expanded research- and clinical-grade NT and CAR-transduced NK cells have higher metabolic fitness and display enhanced effector function against tumor targets compared to the corresponding cell fractions cultured without uAPCs. This novel approach allowed the expansion of highly pure GMP-grade CAR NK cells at optimal cell numbers to be used for adoptive CAR NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enli Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sonny O. T. Ang
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lucila Kerbauy
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Departments of Stem Cell Transplantation and Hemotherapy/Cellular Therapy, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Saõ Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of Saõ Paulo, Saõ Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafet Basar
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Indreshpal Kaur
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mecit Kaplan
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yijiu Tong
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - May Daher
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Emily L. Ensley
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nadima Uprety
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ana Karen Nunez Cortes
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ryan Z. Yang
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hila Shaim
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francia Reyes Silva
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Paul Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vakul Mohanty
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sunil Acharya
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mayra Shanley
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luis Muniz-Feliciano
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pinaki P. Banerjee
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Richard E. Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth J. Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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21
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Akauliya M, Gautam A, Maharjan S, Park BK, Kim J, Kwon HJ. CD83 expression regulates antibody production in response to influenza A virus infection. Virol J 2020; 17:194. [PMID: 33302987 PMCID: PMC7730749 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD83 is known to regulate lymphocyte maturation, activation, homeostasis, and antibody response to immunization and infection. While CD83 has a major part in B cell function, its role in influenza A virus infection has not yet been investigated. METHODS We investigated the role of CD83 using C57BL/6J wild type mice and CD83 knockout (KO) mice after intraperitoneal administration of the influenza A/WSN/1933 virus. We analyzed cells of the peritoneal cavity, splenocytes, and cells of the bone marrow with FACS to investigate CD83 expression and cell population change in response to the virus infection. ELISA was performed with sera and peritoneal cavity fluids to detect A/WSN/1933 virus-specific IgG and the subclasses of IgG. RESULTS FACS analysis data showed a transient but distinct induction of CD83 expression in the peritoneal B cells of wild type mice. CD83 KO mice exhibited a delayed recovery of B cells in the bone marrow after influenza virus infection and overall, a smaller T cell population compared to wild type mice. The peritoneal cavity and serum of the wild type mice contained a high titer of IgG within 14 days after infection, whereas the CD83 KO mice had a very low titer of IgG. CONCLUSIONS These results show the importance of CD83 in lymphocytes homeostasis and antibody production during influenza A virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Akauliya
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Avishekh Gautam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Sony Maharjan
- Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Park
- Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Schulte-Schrepping J, Reusch N, Paclik D, Baßler K, Schlickeiser S, Zhang B, Krämer B, Krammer T, Brumhard S, Bonaguro L, De Domenico E, Wendisch D, Grasshoff M, Kapellos TS, Beckstette M, Pecht T, Saglam A, Dietrich O, Mei HE, Schulz AR, Conrad C, Kunkel D, Vafadarnejad E, Xu CJ, Horne A, Herbert M, Drews A, Thibeault C, Pfeiffer M, Hippenstiel S, Hocke A, Müller-Redetzky H, Heim KM, Machleidt F, Uhrig A, Bosquillon de Jarcy L, Jürgens L, Stegemann M, Glösenkamp CR, Volk HD, Goffinet C, Landthaler M, Wyler E, Georg P, Schneider M, Dang-Heine C, Neuwinger N, Kappert K, Tauber R, Corman V, Raabe J, Kaiser KM, Vinh MT, Rieke G, Meisel C, Ulas T, Becker M, Geffers R, Witzenrath M, Drosten C, Suttorp N, von Kalle C, Kurth F, Händler K, Schultze JL, Aschenbrenner AC, Li Y, Nattermann J, Sawitzki B, Saliba AE, Sander LE. Severe COVID-19 Is Marked by a Dysregulated Myeloid Cell Compartment. Cell 2020; 182:1419-1440.e23. [PMID: 32810438 PMCID: PMC7405822 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 936] [Impact Index Per Article: 234.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a mild to moderate respiratory tract infection, however, a subset of patients progress to severe disease and respiratory failure. The mechanism of protective immunity in mild forms and the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 associated with increased neutrophil counts and dysregulated immune responses remain unclear. In a dual-center, two-cohort study, we combined single-cell RNA-sequencing and single-cell proteomics of whole-blood and peripheral-blood mononuclear cells to determine changes in immune cell composition and activation in mild versus severe COVID-19 (242 samples from 109 individuals) over time. HLA-DRhiCD11chi inflammatory monocytes with an interferon-stimulated gene signature were elevated in mild COVID-19. Severe COVID-19 was marked by occurrence of neutrophil precursors, as evidence of emergency myelopoiesis, dysfunctional mature neutrophils, and HLA-DRlo monocytes. Our study provides detailed insights into the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and reveals profound alterations in the myeloid cell compartment associated with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nico Reusch
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Paclik
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin Baßler
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlickeiser
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin, Germany
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Benjamin Krämer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tobias Krammer
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Brumhard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Elena De Domenico
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Wendisch
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Grasshoff
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Michael Beckstette
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Tal Pecht
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Adem Saglam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Dietrich
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Henrik E Mei
- Mass Cytometry Lab, DRFZ Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel R Schulz
- Mass Cytometry Lab, DRFZ Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Conrad
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Désirée Kunkel
- Flow and Mass Cytometry Core Facility, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ehsan Vafadarnejad
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arik Horne
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Miriam Herbert
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Drews
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Charlotte Thibeault
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Pfeiffer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Andreas Hocke
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Holger Müller-Redetzky
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin-Moira Heim
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Machleidt
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Uhrig
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laure Bosquillon de Jarcy
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Jürgens
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Stegemann
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph R Glösenkamp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin, Germany; Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Goffinet
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Landthaler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emanuel Wyler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Georg
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Schneider
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chantip Dang-Heine
- Clinical Study Center (CSC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nick Neuwinger
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Pathobiochemistry, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Kappert
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Pathobiochemistry, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf Tauber
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Pathobiochemistry, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Raabe
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kim Melanie Kaiser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael To Vinh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gereon Rieke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Meisel
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Becker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Christof von Kalle
- Clinical Study Center (CSC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristian Händler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Genomics and Epigenomics at DZNE, and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Anna C Aschenbrenner
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) and TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
| | - Birgit Sawitzki
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leif Erik Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
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23
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Bortolotti D, Gentili V, Rizzo S, Rotola A, Rizzo R. SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 Protein Controls Natural Killer Cell Activation via the HLA-E/NKG2A Pathway. Cells 2020; 9:E1975. [PMID: 32859121 PMCID: PMC7563485 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells are important in the control of viral infections. However, the role of NK cells during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has previously not been identified. Peripheral blood NK cells from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 naïve subjects were evaluated for their activation, degranulation, and interferon-gamma expression in the presence of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. K562 and lung epithelial cells were transfected with spike proteins and co-cultured with NK cells. The analysis was performed by flow cytometry and immune fluorescence. SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins did not alter NK cell activation in a K562 in vitro model. On the contrary, SARS-CoV-2 spike 1 protein (SP1) intracellular expression by lung epithelial cells resulted in NK cell-reduced degranulation. Further experiments revealed a concomitant induction of HLA-E expression on the surface of lung epithelial cells and the recognition of an SP1-derived HLA-E-binding peptide. Simultaneously, there was increased modulation of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A/CD94 on NK cells when SP1 was expressed in lung epithelial cells. We ruled out the GATA3 transcription factor as being responsible for HLA-E increased levels and HLA-E/NKG2A interaction as implicated in NK cell exhaustion. We show for the first time that NK cells are affected by SP1 expression in lung epithelial cells via HLA-E/NKG2A interaction. The resulting NK cells' exhaustion might contribute to immunopathogenesis in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.B.); (V.G.); (S.R.); (A.R.)
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24
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Pre-Treatment Mutational and Transcriptomic Landscape of Responding Metastatic Melanoma Patients to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071943. [PMID: 32708981 PMCID: PMC7409244 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, such as anti-PD1, has improved the survival of patients with metastatic melanoma. However, predicting which patients will respond to immunotherapy remains a significant knowledge gap. In this study we analyzed pre-immunotherapy treated tumors from 52 patients with metastatic melanoma and monitored their response based on RECIST 1.1 criteria. The responders group contained 21 patients that had a complete or partial response, while the 31 non-responders had stable or progressive disease. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify biomarkers of anti-PD1 response from somatic mutations between the two groups. Variants in codons G34 and G41 in NFKBIE, a negative regulator of NFkB, were found exclusively in the responders. Mutations in NKBIE-related genes were also enriched in the responder group compared to the non-responders. Patients that harbored NFKBIE-related gene mutations also had a higher mutational burden, decreased tumor volume with treatment, and increased progression-free survival. RNA sequencing on a subset of tumor samples identified that CD83 was highly expressed in our responder group. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that the TNFalpha signaling via NFkB pathway was one of the top pathways with differential expression in responders vs. non-responders. In vitro NFkB activity assays indicated that the G34E variant caused loss-of-function of NFKBIE, and resulted in activation of NFkB signaling. Flow cytometry assays indicated that G34E variant was associated with upregulation of CD83 in human melanoma cell lines. These results suggest that NFkB activation and signaling in tumor cells contributes to a favorable anti-PD1 treatment response, and clinical screening to include aberrations in NFkB-related genes should be considered.
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25
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Murata K, Nakatsugawa M, Rahman MA, Nguyen LT, Millar DG, Mulder DT, Sugata K, Saijo H, Matsunaga Y, Kagoya Y, Guo T, Anczurowski M, Wang CH, Burt BD, Ly D, Saso K, Easson A, Goldstein DP, Reedijk M, Ghazarian D, Pugh TJ, Butler MO, Mak TW, Ohashi PS, Hirano N. Landscape mapping of shared antigenic epitopes and their cognate TCRs of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes in melanoma. eLife 2020; 9:53244. [PMID: 32314731 PMCID: PMC7234812 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-restricted T cell responses can induce antitumor effects in cancer patients. Previous human T cell research has largely focused on the few HLA alleles prevalent in a subset of ethnic groups. Here, using a panel of newly developed peptide-exchangeable peptide/HLA multimers and artificial antigen-presenting cells for 25 different class I alleles and greater than 800 peptides, we systematically and comprehensively mapped shared antigenic epitopes recognized by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) from eight melanoma patients for all their class I alleles. We were able to determine the specificity, on average, of 12.2% of the TILs recognizing a mean of 3.1 shared antigen-derived epitopes across HLA-A, B, and C. Furthermore, we isolated a number of cognate T cell receptor genes with tumor reactivity. Our novel strategy allows for a more complete examination of the immune response and development of novel cancer immunotherapy not limited by HLA allele prevalence or tumor mutation burden. The immune system is the body’s way of defending itself, offering protection against diseases such as cancer. But to remove the cancer cells, the immune system must be able to identify them as different from the rest of the body. All cells break down proteins into shorter fragments, known as peptides, that are displayed on the cell surface by a protein called human leukocyte antigen, HLA for short. Cancer cells display distinctive peptides on their surface as they generate different proteins to those of healthy cells. Immune cells called T cells use these abnormal peptides to identify the cancer so that it can be destroyed. Sometimes T cells can lack the right equipment to detect abnormal peptides, allowing cancer cells to hide from the immune system. However, T cells can be trained through a treatment called immunotherapy, which provides T cells with new tools so that they can spot the peptides displayed by HLA on the previously ‘hidden’ cancer cells. There are many different forms of HLA, each of which can display different peptides. Current research in immunotherapy commonly targets only a subset of HLA forms, and not all cancer patients have these types. This means that immunotherapy research is only likely to be of most benefit to a limited number of patients. Immunotherapy could be made effective for more people if new cancer peptides that are displayed by the other ‘under-represented’ forms of HLA were identified. Murata, Nakatsugawa et al. have now used T cells that were taken from tumors in eight patients with melanoma, which is a type of skin cancer. A library of fluorescent HLA-peptides was generated – using a new, simplified methodology – with 25 forms of HLA that displayed over 800 peptides. T cells were then mixed with the library to identify which HLA-peptides they can target. As a result, Murata, Nakatsugawa et al. found the cancer targets of around 12% of the tumor-infiltrating T cells tested, including those from under-represented forms of HLA. Consequently, these findings could be used to develop new immunotherapies that can treat more patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Murata
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Muhammed A Rahman
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Linh T Nguyen
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Douglas G Millar
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - David T Mulder
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kenji Sugata
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Saijo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yukiko Matsunaga
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chung-Hsi Wang
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian D Burt
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dalam Ly
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kayoko Saso
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexandra Easson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - David P Goldstein
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Reedijk
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Danny Ghazarian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Trevor J Pugh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tak W Mak
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
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26
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Grosche L, Knippertz I, König C, Royzman D, Wild AB, Zinser E, Sticht H, Muller YA, Steinkasserer A, Lechmann M. The CD83 Molecule - An Important Immune Checkpoint. Front Immunol 2020; 11:721. [PMID: 32362900 PMCID: PMC7181454 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD83 molecule has been identified to be expressed on numerous activated immune cells, including B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, microglia, and neutrophils. Both isoforms of CD83, the membrane-bound as well as its soluble form are topic of intensive research investigations. Several studies revealed that CD83 is not a typical co-stimulatory molecule, but rather plays a critical role in controlling and resolving immune responses. Moreover, CD83 is an essential factor during the differentiation of T and B lymphocytes, and the development and maintenance of tolerance. The identification of its interaction partners as well as signaling pathways have been an enigma for the last decades. Here, we report the latest data on the expression, structure, and the signaling partners of CD83. In addition, we review the regulatory functions of CD83, including its striking modulatory potential to maintain the balance between tolerance versus inflammation during homeostasis or pathologies. These immunomodulatory properties of CD83 emphasize its exceptional therapeutic potential, which has been documented in specific preclinical disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Grosche
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilka Knippertz
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina König
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmytro Royzman
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas B. Wild
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yves A. Muller
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Lechmann
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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27
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Ichikawa J, Yoshida T, Isser A, Laino AS, Vassallo M, Woods D, Kim S, Oelke M, Jones K, Schneck JP, Weber JS. Rapid Expansion of Highly Functional Antigen-Specific T Cells from Patients with Melanoma by Nanoscale Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3384-3396. [PMID: 32241816 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Generation of antigen-specific T cells from patients with cancer employs large numbers of peripheral blood cells and/or tumor-infiltrating cells to generate antigen-presenting and effector cells commonly requiring multiple rounds of restimulation ex vivo. We used a novel paramagnetic, nanoparticle-based artificial antigen-presenting cell (nano-aAPC) that combines anti-CD28 costimulatory and human MHC class I molecules that are loaded with antigenic peptides to rapidly expand tumor antigen-specific T cells from patients with melanoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Nano-aAPC-expressing HLA-A*0201 molecules and costimulatory anti-CD28 antibody and HLA-A*0201 molecules loaded with MART-1 or gp100 class I-restricted peptides were used to stimulate CD8 T cells purified from the peripheral blood of treatment-naïve or PD-1 antibody-treated patients with stage IV melanoma. Expanded cells were restimulated with fresh peptide-pulsed nano-aAPC at day 7. Phenotype analysis and functional assays including cytokine release, cytolysis, and measurement of avidity were conducted. RESULTS MART-1-specific CD8 T cells rapidly expanded up to 1,000-fold by day 14 after exposure to peptide-pulsed nano-aAPC. Expanded T cells had a predominantly stem cell memory CD45RA+/CD62L+/CD95+ phenotype; expressed ICOS, PD-1, Tim3, and LAG3; and lacked CD28. Cells from patients with melanoma were polyfunctional; highly avid; expressed IL2, IFNγ, and TNFα; and exhibited cytolytic activity against tumor cell lines. They expanded 2- to 3-fold after exposure to PD-1 antibody in vivo, and expressed a highly diverse T-cell receptor V beta repertoire. CONCLUSIONS Peptide-pulsed nano-aAPC rapidly expanded polyfunctional antigen-specific CD8 T cells with high avidity, potent lytic function, and a stem cell memory phenotype from patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ichikawa
- NYU Langone Medical Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- NYU Langone Medical Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ariel Isser
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andressa S Laino
- NYU Langone Medical Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Melinda Vassallo
- NYU Langone Medical Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David Woods
- NYU Langone Medical Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeffrey S Weber
- NYU Langone Medical Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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28
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Riccio G, Lauritano C. Microalgae with Immunomodulatory Activities. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:E2. [PMID: 31861368 PMCID: PMC7024220 DOI: 10.3390/md18010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms adapted to live in very different environments and showing an enormous biochemical and genetic diversity, thus representing an excellent source of new natural products with possible applications in several biotechnological sectors. Microalgae-derived compounds have shown several properties, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory. In the last decade, compounds stimulating the immune system, both innate immune response and adaptive immune response, have been used to prevent and fight various pathologies, including cancer (cancer immunotherapy). In this review we report the microalgae that have been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties, the cells and the cellular mediators involved in the mechanisms of action and the experimental models used to test immunostimulatory activities. We also report information on fractions or pure compounds from microalgae identified as having immunostimulatory activity. Given the increasing interest in microalgae as new eco-friendly source of bioactive compounds, we also discuss their possible role as source of new classes of promising drugs to treat human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP80121 Naples, Italy
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29
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Nissen MD, Kusakabe M, Wang X, Simkin G, Gracias D, Tyshchenko K, Hill A, Meskas J, Hung S, Chavez EA, Ennishi D, Aoki T, Sarkozy C, Connors JM, Farinha P, Slack GW, Gascoyne RD, Brinkman RR, Scott DW, Steidl C, Weng AP. Single Cell Phenotypic Profiling of 27 DLBCL Cases Reveals Marked Intertumoral and Intratumoral Heterogeneity. Cytometry A 2019; 97:620-629. [PMID: 31637838 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is notorious for its clinical heterogeneity. Patient outcomes can be predicted by cell-of-origin (COO) classification, demonstrating that the underlying transcriptional signature of malignant B-cells informs biological behavior in the context of standard combination chemotherapy regimens. In the current study, we used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to examine tumor phenotypes at the protein level with single cell resolution in a collection of 27 diagnostic DLBCL biopsy specimens from treatment naïve patients. We found that malignant B-cells from each patient occupied unique regions in 37-dimensional phenotypic space with no apparent clustering of samples into discrete subtypes. Interestingly, variable MHC class II expression was found to be the greatest contributor to phenotypic diversity. Within individual tumors, a subset of cases showed multiple phenotypic subpopulations, and in one case, we were able to demonstrate direct correspondence between protein-level phenotypic subsets and DNA mutation-defined subclones. In summary, CyTOF analysis can resolve both intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity among primary samples and reveals that each case of DLBCL is unique and may be comprised of multiple, genetically distinct subclones. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xuehai Wang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Deanne Gracias
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Ainsleigh Hill
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Justin Meskas
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stacy Hung
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Daisuke Ennishi
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tomohiro Aoki
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Pedro Farinha
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Graham W Slack
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Randy D Gascoyne
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - David W Scott
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Andrew P Weng
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
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30
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Islam SMS, Byun HO, Choi B, Sohn S. Inhibition of CD83 Alleviates Systemic Inflammation in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Induced Behçet's Disease Model Mouse. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:5761392. [PMID: 31582900 PMCID: PMC6754941 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5761392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is an autoinflammatory disease that can lead to life- and sight-threating complications. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells that can regulate multiple inflammatory pathways. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of the DC stimulatory molecule CD83 with BD. Frequencies of costimulatory molecules expressing DCs in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were measured by flow cytometry (FACS). The severity of symptoms in HSV-1-induced BD symptomatic mice was also assessed. Frequencies of CD83-positive cells were significantly increased in mice exhibiting BD symptoms, compared to those in asymptomatic mice. Abatacept, a CD80/86 blocker, significantly decreased the frequencies of CD83-positive cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. BD symptomatic mice treated with Abatacept showed gradual reduction in the severity score of symptoms. Intraperitoneal injection of CD83 siRNA significantly reduced the frequencies of CD83-positive cells in PBL and peritoneal macrophages. After CD83 siRNA injection, BD symptoms of mice were improved and disease severity was decreased. Discontinuation of CD83 siRNA deteriorated symptoms while readministration of CD83 siRNA again improved BD symptoms of mice. These results clearly indicate the involvement of CD83-expressing cells in the inflammatory symptoms of BD. Therefore, CD83 might be useful as a therapeutic target for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Shamsul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ok Byun
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Bunsoon Choi
- Institute for Medical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyang Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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31
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Anczurowski M, Sugata K, Matsunaga Y, Yamashita Y, Wang CH, Guo T, Murata K, Saijo H, Kagoya Y, Saso K, Butler MO, Hirano N. Chaperones of the class I peptide-loading complex facilitate the constitutive presentation of endogenous antigens on HLA-DP84GGPM87. J Autoimmun 2019; 102:114-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Vidard L, Dureuil C, Baudhuin J, Vescovi L, Durand L, Sierra V, Parmantier E. CD137 (4-1BB) Engagement Fine-Tunes Synergistic IL-15- and IL-21-Driven NK Cell Proliferation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:676-685. [PMID: 31201235 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To understand and dissect the mechanisms driving human NK cell proliferation, we exploited the methodology used in cell therapy to numerically expand NK cells in the presence of K562-derived artificial APC (aAPCs) and cytokines. For four consecutive weeks, high expression of CD137L by a K562-derived aAPC cell line could sustain NK cell expansion by 3 × 105-fold, whereas low expression of CD137L by the parental K562 cell line only supported the expansion by 2 × 103-fold. The level of expression of CD137L, however, did not modulate the sensitivity of K562 cells to the intrinsic cytotoxicity of NK cells. Similarly, the low NK cell proliferation in the presence of the parental K562 cell line and cytokines was increased by adding agonistic anti-CD137 Abs to levels similar to CD137L-expressing K562-derived aAPCs. Finally, synergy between IL-15 and IL-21 was observed only upon CD137 engagement and the presence of aAPCs. Therefore, we conclude that NK cell proliferation requires cell-to-cell contact, activation of the CD137 axis, and presence of IL-15 (or its membranous form) and IL-21. By analogy with the three-signal model required to activate T cells, we speculate that the cell-to-cell contact represents "signal 1," CD137 represents "signal 2," and cytokines represent "signal 3." The precise nature of signal 1 remains to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Vidard
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Christine Dureuil
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jérémy Baudhuin
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Lionel Vescovi
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Laurence Durand
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Véronique Sierra
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Eric Parmantier
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Sanofi, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
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33
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Immunostimulatory Phosphatidylmonogalactosyldiacylglycerols (PGDG) from the Marine Diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii: Inspiration for a Novel Synthetic Toll-Like Receptor 4 Agonist. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17020103. [PMID: 30744121 PMCID: PMC6409857 DOI: 10.3390/md17020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented phosphatidylmonogalactosyldiacylglycerol pool (PGDG, 1) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids was isolated from the marine diatoms Thalassiosira weissflogii. Here we report for the first time the NMR characterization of this rare lipid from marine organisms along with a synthetic strategy for the preparation of a PGDG analog (2). PGDG 1 exhibited immunostimulatory activity in human dendritic cells (DCs) and the synthetic PGDG 2 was prepared to explore its mechanism of action. A Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) agonistic activity was evidenced in human and murine DCs underlying the antigen-specific T-cell activation of this class of molecules.
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Shao J, Xu Q, Su S, Wei J, Meng F, Chen F, Zhao Y, Du J, Zou Z, Qian X, Liu B. Artificial antigen-presenting cells are superior to dendritic cells at inducing antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 2018; 334:78-86. [PMID: 30392890 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment that entails infusion of immune cells manipulated to have antitumor specificity, in vitro. Antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes are the main executors of transformed cells during cancer immunotherapy. To induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, we developed artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) by engineering K562 cells with electroporation to direct the stable expression of HLA-A∗0201, CD80, and 4-1BBL. Our findings demonstrate that after three stimulation cycles, the aAPCs promoted the induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes with a less differentiated "young" phenotype, which enhanced immune responses with superior cytotoxicity. This novel, easy, and cost-effective approach to inducing antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes provides the possibility of improved cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qiuping Xu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shu Su
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fanyan Meng
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fangjun Chen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Juan Du
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhengyun Zou
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Bonde A, Kirial R, Svenningsen P, Sillesen M. The effect of fluid resuscitation strategy on monocyte and T-cell surface markers. J Surg Res 2018; 230:20-27. [PMID: 30100035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite initial lifesaving benefits, posttraumatic resuscitation strategies have been associated with immunologic complications leading to systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, multiple organ failure, and late trauma death. Nevertheless, the direct effect on immunologic surface markers remains inadequately described. We hypothesized that changes in monocyte and T-cell surface markers were associated with initial posttraumatic fluid resuscitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were extracted from the inflammation and host response to injury (Glue Grant) study. Blood samples were drawn from 492 patients on days 0, 1, 4, 7, 14, and 28 and analyzed for 31 monocyte and T-cell surface markers. Resuscitation strategies during the initial 48 h were quantified, including transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), platelets, and crystalloids. Longitudinal surface marker concentration changes were quantified by the calculation of a within-patient signal intensity change and were associated with resuscitation strategy while controlling confounders. P-values were post hoc corrected using the false detection rate q-value. RESULTS The monocyte surface marker (CD83) trajectory (as measured by a within-patient signal intensity change) was found to be positively associated with volume of PRBCs transfused (q = 0.002) and negatively associated with the transfused volume of FFP (q = 0.004). T-cell surface marker (CD3) was found to be negatively associated with volume of PRBCs transfused (q = 854 × 10-9) and positively associated with the transfused volume of FFP (q = 0.022). Platelets and crystalloid transfusion volumes were not associated with any surface marker trajectories. CONCLUSIONS PRBC and FFP transfusion was associated with opposing effects on CD3 and CD83 trajectories, which may in part explain some of the protective effects of a high FFP:PRBC ratio in trauma-related resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bonde
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kirial
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Svenningsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Sillesen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Wong KY, Baron R, Seldon TA, Jones ML, Rice AM, Munster DJ. CD83 Antibody Inhibits Human B Cell Responses to Antigen as well as Dendritic Cell-Mediated CD4 T Cell Responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:3383-3396. [PMID: 29643191 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Anti-CD83 Ab capable of Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity can deplete activated CD83+ human dendritic cells, thereby inhibiting CD4 T cell-mediated acute graft-versus-host disease. As CD83 is also expressed on the surface of activated B lymphocytes, we hypothesized that anti-CD83 would also inhibit B cell responses to stimulation. We found that anti-CD83 inhibited total IgM and IgG production in vitro by allostimulated human PBMC. Also, Ag-specific Ab responses to immunization of SCID mice xenografted with human PBMC were inhibited by anti-CD83 treatment. This inhibition occurred without depletion of all human B cells because anti-CD83 lysed activated CD83+ B cells by Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and spared resting (CD83-) B cells. In cultured human PBMC, anti-CD83 inhibited tetanus toxoid-stimulated B cell proliferation and concomitant dendritic cell-mediated CD4 T cell proliferation and expression of IFN-γ and IL-17A, with minimal losses of B cells (<20%). In contrast, the anti-CD20 mAb rituximab depleted >80% of B cells but had no effect on CD4 T cell proliferation and cytokine expression. By virtue of the ability of anti-CD83 to selectively deplete activated, but not resting, B cells and dendritic cells, with the latter reducing CD4 T cell responses, anti-CD83 may be clinically useful in autoimmunity and transplantation. Advantages might include inhibited expansion of autoantigen- or alloantigen-specific B cells and CD4 T cells, thus preventing further production of pathogenic Abs and inflammatory cytokines while preserving protective memory and regulatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Y Wong
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; and
| | - Rebecca Baron
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; and
| | - Therese A Seldon
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; and
| | - Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alison M Rice
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; and
| | - David J Munster
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; and
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Lacher MD, Bauer G, Fury B, Graeve S, Fledderman EL, Petrie TD, Coleal-Bergum DP, Hackett T, Perotti NH, Kong YY, Kwok WW, Wagner JP, Wiseman CL, Williams WV. SV-BR-1-GM, a Clinically Effective GM-CSF-Secreting Breast Cancer Cell Line, Expresses an Immune Signature and Directly Activates CD4 + T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:776. [PMID: 29867922 PMCID: PMC5962696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted cancer immunotherapy with irradiated, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting, allogeneic cancer cell lines has been an effective approach to reduce tumor burden in several patients. It is generally assumed that to be effective, these cell lines need to express immunogenic antigens coexpressed in patient tumor cells, and antigen-presenting cells need to take up such antigens then present them to patient T cells. We have previously reported that, in a phase I pilot study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00095862), a subject with stage IV breast cancer experienced substantial regression of breast, lung, and brain lesions following inoculation with clinical formulations of SV-BR-1-GM, a GM-CSF-secreting breast tumor cell line. To identify diagnostic features permitting the prospective identification of patients likely to benefit from SV-BR-1-GM, we conducted a molecular analysis of the SV-BR-1-GM cell line and of patient-derived blood, as well as a tumor specimen. Compared to normal human breast cells, SV-BR-1-GM cells overexpress genes encoding tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) such as PRAME, a cancer/testis antigen. Curiously, despite its presumptive breast epithelial origin, the cell line expresses major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes (HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB3, HLA-DMA, HLA-DMB), in addition to several other factors known to play immunostimulatory roles. These factors include MHC class I components (B2M, HLA-A, HLA-B), ADA (encoding adenosine deaminase), ADGRE5 (CD97), CD58 (LFA3), CD74 (encoding invariant chain and CLIP), CD83, CXCL8 (IL8), CXCL16, HLA-F, IL6, IL18, and KITLG. Moreover, both SV-BR-1-GM cells and the responding study subject carried an HLA-DRB3*02:02 allele, raising the question of whether SV-BR-1-GM cells can directly present endogenous antigens to T cells, thereby inducing a tumor-directed immune response. In support of this, SV-BR-1-GM cells (which also carry the HLA-DRB3*01:01 allele) treated with yellow fever virus (YFV) envelope (Env) 43–59 peptides reactivated YFV-DRB3*01:01-specific CD4+ T cells. Thus, the partial HLA allele match between SV-BR-1-GM and the clinical responder might have enabled patient T lymphocytes to directly recognize SV-BR-1-GM TAAs as presented on SV-BR-1-GM MHCs. Taken together, our findings are consistent with a potentially unique mechanism of action by which SV-BR-1-GM cells can act as APCs for previously primed CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerhard Bauer
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Brian Fury
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Sanne Graeve
- BriaCell Therapeutics Corp., Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Emily L Fledderman
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Tye D Petrie
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Dane P Coleal-Bergum
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Tia Hackett
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas H Perotti
- GMP Facility, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis (UCD), Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Ying Y Kong
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - William W Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
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Anczurowski M, Yamashita Y, Nakatsugawa M, Ochi T, Kagoya Y, Guo T, Wang CH, Rahman MA, Saso K, Butler MO, Hirano N. Mechanisms underlying the lack of endogenous processing and CLIP-mediated binding of the invariant chain by HLA-DP 84Gly. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4804. [PMID: 29555965 PMCID: PMC5859192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
While the principles of classical antigen presentation via MHC class II are well-established, the mechanisms for the many routes of cross-presentation by which endogenous antigens become associated with class II molecules are not fully understood. We have recently demonstrated that the single amino acid polymorphism HLA-DPβ84Gly (DP84Gly) is critical to abrogate class II invariant chain associated peptide (CLIP) region-mediated binding of invariant chain (Ii) to DP, allowing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident endogenous antigens to constitutively associate with DP84Gly such as DP4. In this study, we demonstrate that both the CLIP and N-terminal non-CLIP Ii regions cooperatively generate an Ii conformation that cannot associate with DP84Gly via the CLIP region. We also demonstrate the ability of DP4 to efficiently process and present antigens encoded in place of CLIP in a chimeric Ii, regardless of wild type Ii and HLA-DM expression. These data highlight the complex interplay between DP polymorphisms and the multiple Ii regions that cooperatively regulate this association, ultimately controlling the presentation of endogenous antigens on DP molecules. These results may also offer a mechanistic explanation for recent studies identifying the differential effects between DP84Gly and DP84Asp as clinically relevant in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yuki Yamashita
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Toshiki Ochi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Chung-Hsi Wang
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Muhammed A Rahman
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Kayoko Saso
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Programmed Death-Ligand 1 on Antigen-presenting Cells Facilitates the Induction of Antigen-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes: Application to Adoptive T-Cell Immunotherapy. J Immunother 2018; 39:306-15. [PMID: 27548033 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) binds to programmed death-1 (PD-1) on activated T cells and contributes to T-cell exhaustion. PD-L1 expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) could be thought to inhibit the induction of Ag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by transducing negative signal into T cells; however, the roles of PD-L1 on APCs have not yet been well examined. Therefore, we evaluated the roles of PD-L1 on APCs in the induction of Ag-specific CTLs. CD3 T cells isolated from cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive healthy donors were stimulated with mature dendritic cells pulsed with CMV pp65-derived HLA-restricted peptides in the presence of anti-PD-L1 blocking antibody. Unexpectedly, PD-L1 blockade resulted in a less efficient induction of CMV-specific CTLs, suggesting that PD-L1 play a positive role in the induction of Ag-specific CTLs. For further evaluations and application to adoptive immunotherapy, we generated K562-based artificial APCs, which were retrovirally transduced with HLA class I molecules and various combinations of CD80/86 and PD-L1. K562/HLA+CD80/86+PD-L1 cells produced significantly higher induction of CMV-specific CTLs than K562/HLA or K562/HLA+CD80/86 cells without causing excessive differentiation or functional exhaustion of the induced CTLs, whereas PD-L1 itself did not have a stimulatory effect. Furthermore, only K562/HLA+CD80/86+PD-L1 cells pulsed with HLA-A*24:02-restricted Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) peptide clearly expanded WT1-specific CTLs from healthy donors. Our findings presumed that PD-L1 expressed on APCs along with CD80/86 enhanced the induction of Ag-specific CTLs probably depending on fine-tuning excessive stimulation of CD80/86, and that K562/HLA+CD80/86+PD-L1 cells has therapeutic potential as a novel type of artificial APCs for adoptive immunotherapy.
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Kwoczek J, Riese SB, Tischer S, Bak S, Lahrberg J, Oelke M, Maul H, Blasczyk R, Sauer M, Eiz-Vesper B. Cord blood-derived T cells allow the generation of a more naïve tumor-reactive cytotoxic T-cell phenotype. Transfusion 2017; 58:88-99. [PMID: 29023759 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from peripheral blood (PB) or cord blood (CB) is well established. HSCs from CB are associated with a lower risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but antigen-independent expanded CB- and PB-derived T cells can induce GVHD in allo-HSC recipients. CB-derived cells might be more suitable for adoptive immunotherapy as they have unique T-cell characteristics. Here, we describe functional differences between CB and PB T cells stimulated with different cytokine combinations involved in central T-cell activation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Isolated CD8+ T cells from CB and PB were stimulated antigen independently with anti-CD3/CD28 stimulator beads or in an antigen-dependent manner with artificial antigen-presenting cells loaded with the HLA-A*02:01-restricted peptide of tumor-associated melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 (MART1). CB and PB T cells cultured in the presence of interleukin (IL)-7, IL-15, IL-12, and IL-21 were characterized for T-cell phenotype and specificity, that is, by CD107a, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-2 expression. RESULTS After antigen-independent stimulation, activated CD8+ CB T cells exhibited stronger proliferation and function than those from PB. After antigenic stimulation, MART1-reactive CB T cells were naïve (CD45RA+CCR7+), cytotoxic, and highly variable in expressing homing marker CD62L. Addition of IL-21 resulted in increased T-cell proliferation, whereas supplementation with IL-12 decreased IL-21-induced expansion, but increased the functionality and cytotoxicity of CB and PB T cells. CONCLUSION MART1-reactive CB T cells with a more naïve phenotype and improved properties for homing can be generated. The results contribute to better understanding the effects on GVHD and graft versus tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kwoczek
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian B Riese
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Tischer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Szilvia Bak
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Lahrberg
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Oelke
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,NexImmune, Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Holger Maul
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Marienkrankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Sauer
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Eiz-Vesper
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Henriquez JE, Rizzo MD, Schulz MA, Crawford RB, Gulick P, Kaminski NE. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Suppresses Secretion of IFNα by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells From Healthy and HIV-Infected Individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017; 75:588-596. [PMID: 28692581 PMCID: PMC5527743 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a crucial role in host antiviral immune response through secretion of type I interferon. Interferon alpha (IFNα), a type I IFN, is critical for mounting the initial response to viral pathogens. A consequence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) infection is a decrease in both pDC number and function, but prolonged pDC activity has been linked with progression from HIV infection to the development of AIDS. Patients with HIV in the United States routinely use cannabinoid-based therapies to combat the side effects of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. However, cannabinoids, including Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are well-characterized immunosuppressants. Here, we report that THC suppressed secretion of IFNα by pDC from both healthy and HIV+ donors through a mechanism involving impaired phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 7. These results suggest that THC can suppress pDC function during the early host antiviral response by dampening pDC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Henriquez
- *Michigan State University East Lansing, MI; †Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology East Lansing, MI; ‡Institute for Integrative Toxicology East Lansing, MI; §Department of Cell and Molecular Biology East Lansing, MI; and ‖Department of Osteopathic Medicine East Lansing, MI
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Kristensen AM, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Hetland ML, Hørslev-Petersen K, Junker P, Østergaard M, Höllsberg P, Deleuran B, Hvid M. Expression of soluble CD83 in plasma from early-stage rheumatoid arthritis patients is not modified by anti-TNF-α therapy. Cytokine 2017; 96:1-7. [PMID: 28267648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease which may lead to severe disabilities due to structural joint damage and extraarticular manifestations The dendritic cell marker CD83 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and has previously been associated with autoimmune diseases. In RA the levels of soluble CD83 (sCD83) are elevated in synovial fluid, however little is known about CD83 expression and regulation in RA. Therefore, we studied how CD83 is expressed in RA and further evaluated the effect of anti-TNF-α therapy hereon. Early RA patients were randomized to conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs with or without additional anti-TNF-α therapy. Rheumatoid arthritis patients had increased levels of sCD83 in plasma compared with healthy volunteers. The increase in sCD83 plasma levels were unaffected by anti-TNF-α therapy. In chronic RA patients the levels of sCD83 were higher in synovial fluid than in plasma, and only a limited amount of membrane bound CD83 expression was detected on the surface of cells from peripheral blood and synovial fluid. Finally, confocal microscopy of RA synovial membranes revealed that CD83 was mainly localized intracellularly in a group of cells with diverse morphology including both antigen-presenting cells and non-antigen-presenting cells. Our findings demonstrate that early-stage RA patients have elevated levels of sCD83 in plasma and that anti-TNF-α treatment has no effect on the sCD83 plasma level. This suggest that in RA patients sCD83 regulation is beyond control of TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristian Stengaard-Pedersen
- Dept. of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Merete Lund Hetland
- The DANBIO Registry and Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Hørslev-Petersen
- King Christian 10th Hospital for the Rheumatic Diseases, and University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Peter Junker
- Dept. of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Østergaard
- The DANBIO Registry and Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Bent Deleuran
- Dept. of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Dept. of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Malene Hvid
- Dept. of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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43
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Manzo E, Cutignano A, Pagano D, Gallo C, Barra G, Nuzzo G, Sansone C, Ianora A, Urbanek K, Fenoglio D, Ferrera F, Bernardi C, Parodi A, Pasquale G, Leonardi A, Filaci G, De Palma R, Fontana A. A new marine-derived sulfoglycolipid triggers dendritic cell activation and immune adjuvant response. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6286. [PMID: 28740080 PMCID: PMC5524952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic Cells (DCs) recognize infectious non-self molecules and engage the adaptive immune system thereby initiating long lasting, antigen-specific responses. As such, the ability to activate DCs is considered a key tool to enhance the efficacy and quality of vaccination. Here we report a novel immunomodulatory sulfolipid named β-SQDG18 that prototypes a class of natural-derived glycolipids able to prime human DCs by a TLR2/TLR4-independent mechanism and trigger an efficient immune response in vivo. β-SQDG18 induces maturation of DC with the upregulation of MHC II molecules and co-stimulatory proteins (CD83, CD86), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12 and INF-γ). Mice immunized with OVA associated to β-SQDG18 (1:500) produced a titer of anti-OVA Ig comparable to traditional adjuvants. In an experimental model of melanoma, vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with β-SQDG18-adjuvanted hgp10 peptide elicited a protective response with a reduction in tumour growth and increase in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Manzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adele Cutignano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Pagano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giusi Barra
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica "A. Dohrn", Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- University of Campania, Dept. of Experimental Medicine, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Fenoglio
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrera
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bernardi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessia Parodi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pasquale
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Univeristy of Naples "Federico II", Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- University of Campania, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Dept. of Internal and Experimental Clinic, c/o II Policlinico (Bd. 3), Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, IT-80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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44
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Antigen Presentation by Individually Transferred HLA Class I Genes in HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C Null Human Cell Line Generated Using the Multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 System. J Immunother 2017; 40:201-210. [DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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45
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Neal LR, Bailey SR, Wyatt MM, Bowers JS, Majchrzak K, Nelson MH, Haupt C, Paulos CM, Varela JC. The Basics of Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells in T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2017; 2:68-79. [PMID: 28825053 PMCID: PMC5560309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) can mediate objective responses in patients with advanced malignancies. There have been major advances in this field, including the optimization of the ex vivo generation of tumor-reactive lymphocytes to ample numbers for effective ACT therapy via the use of natural and artificial antigen presenting cells (APCs). Herein we review the basic properties of APCs and how they have been manufactured through the years to augment vaccine and T cell-based cancer therapies. We then discuss how these novel APCs impact the function and memory properties of T cells. Finally, we propose new ways to synthesize aAPCs to augment the therapeutic effectiveness of antitumor T cells for ACT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian R. Neal
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, 29425
| | - Stefanie R. Bailey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Megan M. Wyatt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Jacob S. Bowers
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Kinga Majchrzak
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Michelle H. Nelson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Carl Haupt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, 29425
| | - Chrystal M. Paulos
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Dermatological Surgery and Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Juan C. Varela
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, 29425
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46
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Yamashita Y, Anczurowski M, Nakatsugawa M, Tanaka M, Kagoya Y, Sinha A, Chamoto K, Ochi T, Guo T, Saso K, Butler MO, Minden MD, Kislinger T, Hirano N. HLA-DP 84Gly constitutively presents endogenous peptides generated by the class I antigen processing pathway. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15244. [PMID: 28489076 PMCID: PMC5436232 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical antigen processing leads to the presentation of antigenic peptides derived from endogenous and exogenous sources for MHC class I and class II molecules, respectively. Here we show that, unlike other class II molecules, prevalent HLA-DP molecules with β-chains encoding Gly84 (DP84Gly) constitutively present endogenous peptides. DP84Gly does not bind invariant chain (Ii) via the class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP) region, nor does it present CLIP. However, Ii does facilitate the transport of DP84Gly from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the endosomal/lysosomal pathway by transiently binding DP84Gly via a non-CLIP region(s) in a pH-sensitive manner. Accordingly, like class I, DP84Gly constitutively presents endogenous peptides processed by the proteasome and transported to the ER by the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). Therefore, DP84Gly, found only in common chimpanzees and humans, uniquely uses both class I and II antigen-processing pathways to present peptides derived from intracellular and extracellular sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamashita
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Makito Tanaka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Ankit Sinha
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Kenji Chamoto
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Toshiki Ochi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Kayoko Saso
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Mark D Minden
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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47
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Kim S, Sohn HJ, Lee HJ, Sohn DH, Hyun SJ, Cho HI, Kim TG. Use of Engineered Exosomes Expressing HLA and Costimulatory Molecules to Generate Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cells for Adoptive Cell Therapy. J Immunother 2017; 40:83-93. [PMID: 28099196 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (DEX) comprise an efficient stimulator of T cells. However, the production of sufficient DEX remains a barrier to their broad applicability in immunotherapeutic approaches. In previous studies, genetically engineered K562 have been used to generate artificial antigen presenting cells (AAPC). Here, we isolated exosomes from K562 cells (referred to as CoEX-A2s) engineered to express human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and costimulatory molecules such as CD80, CD83, and 41BBL. CoEX-A2s were capable of stimulating antigen-specific CD8 T cells both directly and indirectly via CoEX-A2 cross-dressed cells. Notably, CoEX-A2s also generated similar levels of HCMV pp65-specific and MART1-specific CD8 T cells as DEX in vitro. The results suggest that these novel exosomes may provide a crucial reagent for generating antigen-specific CD8 T cells for adoptive cell therapies against viral infection and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sueon Kim
- *Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank ‡Cancer Research Institute †Departments of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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48
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Heilingloh CS, Grosche L, Kummer M, Mühl-Zürbes P, Kamm L, Scherer M, Latzko M, Stamminger T, Steinkasserer A. The Major Immediate-Early Protein IE2 of Human Cytomegalovirus Is Sufficient to Induce Proteasomal Degradation of CD83 on Mature Dendritic Cells. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:119. [PMID: 28203230 PMCID: PMC5285329 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the prototypic beta-herpesvirus and widespread throughout the human population. While infection is asymptomatic in healthy individuals, it can lead to high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised persons. Importantly, HCMV evolved multiple strategies to interfere with immune cell function in order to establish latency in infected individuals. As mature DCs (mDCs) are antigen-presenting cells able to activate naïve T cells they play a crucial role during induction of effective antiviral immune responses. Interestingly, earlier studies demonstrated that the functionally important mDC surface molecule CD83 is down-regulated upon HCMV infection resulting in a reduced T cell stimulatory capacity of the infected cells. However, the viral effector protein and the precise mechanism of HCMV-mediated CD83 reduction remain to be discovered. Using flow cytometric analyses, we observed significant down-modulation of CD83 surface expression becoming significant already 12 h after HCMV infection. Moreover, Western bot analyses revealed that, in sharp contrast to previous studies, loss of CD83 is not restricted to the membrane-bound molecule, but also occurs intracellularly. Furthermore, inhibition of the proteasome almost completely restored CD83 surface expression during HCMV infection. Results of infection kinetics and cycloheximide-actinomycin D-chase experiments, strongly suggested that an HCMV immediate early gene product is responsible for the induction of CD83 down-modulation. Consequently, we were able to identify the major immediate early protein IE2 as the viral effector protein that induces proteasomal CD83 degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Grosche
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirko Kummer
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Kamm
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen, Germany
| | - Myriam Scherer
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melanie Latzko
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Stamminger
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen, Germany
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49
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Promising Role of Toll-Like Receptor 8 Agonist in Concert with Prostratin for Activation of Silent HIV. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02084-16. [PMID: 27928016 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02084-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The persistence of latently HIV-infected cells in patients under combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) remains the major hurdle for HIV eradication. Thus far, individual compounds have not been sufficiently potent to reactivate latent virus and guarantee its elimination in vivo. Thus, we hypothesized that transcriptional enhancers, in concert with compounds triggering the innate immune system, are more efficient in reversing latency by creating a Th1 supportive milieu that acts against latently HIV-infected cells at various levels. To test our hypothesis, we screened six compounds on a coculture of latently infected cells (J-lat) and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). The protein kinase C (PKC) agonist prostratin, with a Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist, resulted in greater reversion of HIV latency than any single compound. This combinatorial approach led to a drastic phenotypic and functional maturation of the MDDCs. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and cell-cell interactions were crucial for the greater reversion observed. Similarly, we found a greater potency of the combination of prostratin and TLR8 agonist in reversing HIV latency when applying it to primary cells of HIV-infected patients. Thus, we demonstrate here the synergistic interplay between TLR8-matured MDDCs and compounds acting directly on latently HIV-infected cells, targeting different mechanisms of latency, by triggering various signaling pathways. Moreover, TLR8 triggering may reverse exhaustion of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes that might be essential for killing or constraining the latently infected cells. IMPORTANCE Curing HIV is the Holy Grail. The so-called "shock and kill" strategy relies on drug-mediated reversion of HIV latency and the subsequent death of those cells under combined antiretroviral treatment. So far, no compound achieves efficient reversal of latency or eliminates this latent reservoir. The compounds may not target all of the latency mechanisms in all latently infected cells. Moreover, HIV-associated exhaustion of the immune system hinders the efficient elimination of the reactivated cells. In this study, we demonstrated synergistic latency reversion by combining agonists for protein kinase C and Toll-like receptor 8 in a coculture of latently infected cells with myeloid dendritic cells. The drug prostratin stimulates directly the transcriptional machinery of latently infected cells, and the TLR8 agonist acts indirectly by maturing dendritic cells. These findings highlight the importance of the immune system and its activation, in combination with direct-acting compounds, to reverse latency.
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50
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Kagoya Y, Nakatsugawa M, Ochi T, Cen Y, Guo T, Anczurowski M, Saso K, Butler MO, Hirano N. Transient stimulation expands superior antitumor T cells for adoptive therapy. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e89580. [PMID: 28138559 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy is a potentially curative therapeutic approach for patients with cancer. In this treatment modality, antitumor T cells are exponentially expanded in vitro prior to infusion. Importantly, the results of recent clinical trials suggest that the quality of expanded T cells critically affects their therapeutic efficacy. Although anti-CD3 mAb-based stimulation is widely used to expand T cells in vitro, a protocol to generate T cell grafts for optimal adoptive therapy has yet to be established. In this study, we investigated the differences between T cell stimulation mediated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAb-coated beads and cell-based artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) expressing CD3/CD28 counter-receptors. We found that transient stimulation with cell-based aAPCs, but not prolonged stimulation with beads, resulted in the superior expansion of CD8+ T cells. Transiently stimulated CD8+ T cells maintained a stem cell-like memory phenotype and were capable of secreting multiple cytokines significantly more efficiently than chronically stimulated T cells. Importantly, the chimeric antigen receptor-engineered antitumor CD8+ T cells expanded via transient stimulation demonstrated superior persistence and antitumor responses in adoptive immunotherapy mouse models. These results suggest that restrained stimulation is critical for generating T cell grafts for optimal adoptive immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kagoya
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toshiki Ochi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuchen Cen
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology
| | - Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology
| | - Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology
| | - Kayoko Saso
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Immunology
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