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Tao MH, Chuang SC, Wu IC, Chan HT, Cheng CW, Chen HL, Lee MM, Chang HY, Hsiung CA, Hsu CC. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of magnesium intake and cognition in the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03490-z. [PMID: 39240315 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that higher magnesium intake is associated with better cognitive function, particularly in individuals with sufficient vitamin D status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal associations between magnesium intake and cognitive impairment in a community-based cohort study in Taiwan. METHODS The study population included 5663 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 55 years old recruited from 2009 to 2013 and followed up from 2013 to 2020. Magnesium intake was evaluated from a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cognitive performance was measured at baseline and follow-up for participants' Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Clock-Drawing Test (CDT), and impairment was defined as MMSE < 24, DSST < 21, and CDT < 3, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations and were stratified by sex and plasma vitamin D levels (≥ 50 or < 50 nmol/L). RESULTS Higher baseline magnesium intake was associated with lower odds of a poor performance on the MMSE in both men and women (4th vs. 1st. quartile: OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.23-0.82, ptrend < 0.01 in men and OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.29-0.97, ptrend = 0.12 in women) and on the DSST in men (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.09-0.61, ptrend < 0.01) at follow-up. Inverse associations between baseline magnesium intake and a poor performance on the MMSE or DSST were observed in men regardless of vitamin D status. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that higher magnesium intake was associated with the development of cognitive impairment in men in a median follow-up period of 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Tao
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - I-Chien Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ting Chan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Marion M Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Yunlin, Taiwan
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Ko Y, Choi K. Exploring the Role of Social Factors in Cognitive Frailty among South Korean Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1394. [PMID: 39057536 PMCID: PMC11275848 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive frailty, which is characterized by the co-occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, poses significant risks to the well-being and independence of elderly individuals. Previous research has established that demographic, health-related, and social factors contribute to both physical frailty and cognitive decline. However, the role of social factors in influencing cognitive frailty remains unclear. This study aims to identify the relationship between social factors and cognitive frailty among Korean older adults living in the community. We performed secondary analyses of data from the 2020 Survey on Older Adults. After entering demographic factors and health-related factors into the logistic model as covariates, this study explored the association between cognitive frailty and social factors, including living arrangements, social support, the frequency of engagement in social activities per week, and satisfaction with friends and community. Among participants, approximately 2.9% had cognitive frailty, 3.2% had only physical frailty, and 21.9% had only cognitive decline. Lower levels of satisfaction with friends and the community and infrequent participation in social activities were strongly correlated with cognitive frailty. These findings emphasize the necessity of public health programs that encourage older individuals' social involvement. A supportive social environment can be fostered through initiatives that promote community events, group activities, and volunteerism. Public health policies should prioritize the development and maintenance of social activity centers that offer various programs to prevent progression to cognitive frailty in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ko
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyungwon Choi
- Department of Nursing, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong-gun 27909, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Paul O, Appiah-Brempong E, Singh A, Qanungo S, Donkor P, Mock C. Prevalence and risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in Ghana: Evidence from a cross-sectional population-based study. COGENT PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 11:2354393. [PMID: 39049873 PMCID: PMC11263803 DOI: 10.1080/27707571.2024.2354393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is a growing concern for low- and middle-income countries. Yet, studies on the prevalence and risk factors for dementia in sub-Saharan Africa are limited. This study estimated the prevalence and identified the risk factors for ADRD in Ghana. A cross-sectional design involving 384 participants aged 60 years or more completed the Brief Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID) with an additional set of questions on risk factors. The prevalence of dementia was 16% (62/384). Age (AOR = 1.031 (95% CI 1.002-1.061, p=0.035), education (AOR = 0.689 (95% CI 0.517-0.919, p=0.011), and employment (AOR = 0.320 (95% CI 0.149-0.685, p=0.004) were associated with dementia. Also, "experience of stressful life event from age 16-64" (AOR = 1.325 (95% CI 1.034-1.698, p=0.024), "experience of stressful life event from age 65+" (AOR = 1.258 (95% CI 1.024-1.546, p=0.042), and "activities of daily living" (AOR = 0.925 (95% CI 0.868-0.986, p=0.037) identified as risk factors of dementia. The burden of ADRD was high. Urgent actions are needed to address this problem. There is a possibility that the burden of dementia may have been overestimated because of the study instrument. Findings should be interpreted in light of this limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okyere Paul
- Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Appiah-Brempong
- Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-Ghana
| | - Suparna Qanungo
- Department of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, United States
| | - Peter Donkor
- Department of Surgery, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi -Ghana
| | - Charles Mock
- Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle – United States
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V D, Kulkarni V, John RM, Nadella K, Kundapur R. Cognitive Impairment and Its Associated Determinants Among the Elderly Population of Telangana, India: An Analytical Prevalence Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e61535. [PMID: 38957261 PMCID: PMC11218925 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dementia is an insidious cognitive disorder featuring a decline in cognition that is not well explained by the physiology of aging. Dementia includes a group of disorders that are distinguished by a gradual loss of both cognition and the capability to execute day-to-day functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among 384 elderly participants in areas surrounding the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India. Those with more than 65 years of age were included in the study, and those suffering from serious illnesses were excluded. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scale, the University of California and Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess cognitive status, loneliness, and depression, respectively, among the study participants. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with cognitive impairment (CI), depression, and loneliness. RESULTS The average MOCA score of the study participants was 14.9 ± 6.9, with 28.6% of the participants exhibiting severe CI. Nearly half of the participants (49.2%) experienced moderate to high degrees of loneliness, and 39.3% experienced moderate to severe depression. Important factors found to be associated with severe CI were illiteracy (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.85, 95% CI: 1.35-4.45), urban residence (AOR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04-0.81), living with a spouse (AOR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11-0.78), not consuming alcohol (AOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14-0.87), and depression (AOR: 4.49, 95% CI: 1.37-14.67). CONCLUSION CI is a serious public health problem in India. With the increasing proportion of the elderly population in the near future, CI levels will increase, especially in countries like India. Timely interventions such as early identification through community-based screening, the inclusion of a geriatric health component in primary health care, and proper counseling will help address this problem at a grassroots level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanalakshmi V
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Vaman Kulkarni
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Remya M John
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Kartikeyan Nadella
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Rashmi Kundapur
- Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
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Bian S, Tian X, Meng F, Xu C, Zhao Y, Gao Q, Bian C. Assessing cognitive impairment in home-dwelling Chinese elders aged 80+: a detailed survey of 13,000 participants focusing on demographic factors, social engagement, and disease prevalence. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1355708. [PMID: 38628263 PMCID: PMC11019016 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1355708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive Impairment (CI) in the elderly, encompassing conditions ranging from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to dementia, represents a growing public health concern globally. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and correlates of CI among individuals aged 80 and above. Methods The study conducts 13,027 elderly individual's door-to-door surveys, followed by the cross-tabulation of analysis data, logistic regression analysis, and health condition assessments to examine various determinants of CI. Results The current study's key findings demonstrate sub-statical correlations between CI and various factors, including educational attainment, marital status, and gender. Pronounced differences are evident between urban and rural demographics. Furthermore, aspects of social engagement, notably communication proficiency and sensory capabilities, exhibit a strong association with CI. Logistic regression analysis highlights that residing in rural areas (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.637) and being female (OR = 0.71) are linked to a decreased risk of CI. In contrast, behavioral and health-related variables present a complex picture. Specifically, aggressive behavior (Adjusted OR = 1.881) and symptoms of depression (Adjusted OR = 0.549) contrast with conditions such as asthma (OR= 2.857) and cerebral infarction (OR=1.348), which elevate the risk of CI. Intriguingly, hyperlipidemia (OR= 0.671) appears to confer a protective effect against CI. Conclusion The study highlights the complexity of factors affecting CI in the elderly, advocating for a comprehensive approach to understanding and managing cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sensen Bian
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanjing Zhiyuan Healthcare Training Center, Jiangsu SuYi Health Care Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobing Tian
- Nanjing Zhiyuan Healthcare Training Center, Jiangsu SuYi Health Care Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanli Meng
- Health management center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haiko, Hainan, China
| | - Chunjie Xu
- Nanjing Zhiyuan Healthcare Training Center, Jiangsu SuYi Health Care Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Nanjing Zhiyuan Healthcare Training Center, Jiangsu SuYi Health Care Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Nanjing Zhiyuan Healthcare Training Center, Jiangsu SuYi Health Care Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengzhi Bian
- Nanjing Zhiyuan Healthcare Training Center, Jiangsu SuYi Health Care Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Kang D, Koh S, Kim T, Bressel E, Kim D. Circuit Training Improves the Levels of β-Amyloid and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Related to Cognitive Impairment Risk Factors in Obese Elderly Korean Women. J Clin Med 2024; 13:799. [PMID: 38337492 PMCID: PMC10856235 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of circuit training on β-amyloid, BDNF, and cognitive function in untrained obese elderly Korean women. Methods: The subjects for the study were aged 65-70 years and were each assigned to a circuit training group (EG, n = 12) or a control group (CG, n = 11). The 60 min combined exercise was performed 3 times per week for 16 weeks. The exercise intensity was progressively increased from a 40% heart rate reserve to a 70% heart rate reserve. The test data were analyzed using a paired t-test, an independent t-test, and a two-way repeated measures ANOVA, and an alpha level of 0.05 was set for all tests of significance. Results: Group-by-time interaction effects were observed for β-amyloid (p < 0.05), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.01), and cognitive function (p < 0.05). Within the exercise group, significant differences were found in β-amyloid (p < 0.05), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.001), and cognitive function (p < 0.05) when comparing across different time points. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences between groups in post-exercise β-amyloid (p < 0.05), change in β-amyloid (p < 0.05), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.01), and cognitive function (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, it is suggested that the circuit training used in this study could be an effective exercise method for improving the risk factors of cognitive impairment in obese elderly Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duwang Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhan Koh
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyu Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eadric Bressel
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Doyeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Ekem-Ferguson G, Tetteh J, Malm K, Yawson AO, Biritwum R, Mensah G, Yawson AE. Determinants of semantic and episodic memory decline among older adults in Ghana: Evidence from the WHO study on global AGEing and adult health Ghana wave 2. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100118. [PMID: 38515495 PMCID: PMC10953951 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective Determined factors associated with semantic (SM) and episodic memory (EM) among older adults aged 50 years and older in Ghana. Methods Data from WHO Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) Ghana Wave 2 was used for this study. Semantic memory (SM) and Episodic memory (EM) were the main study outcomes separately. The study employed Nested Ordinary Least Square regression analysis by sequentially adding 6 blocks of variables and comparison tests between the nested models. Results The study involved 3575 adult Ghanaians aged 50 years and older with a mean ± standard deviation of 62.6 ± 18.4 years. The overall mean ± SD of EM and SM were 5.86 ± 2.51 and 11.69 ± 8.59 respectively. Overall, analysis from block 6 showed a significant variation in SM by approximately 16.9%(ΔR2 = 1.17%) where increasing age, never married (β = -1.55; 95% CI = -2.41-0.69), being resident in Greater Accra (regional disparity) (β = -3.45; 95% CI = -4.73-2.20), underweight (β = -0.81;95% CI = -1.34-0.27), and moderate self-rated health (SRH) (β = -0.98; 95% CI = -1.52-0.45) significantly decreased SM. Similarly, increasing age, separated/divorced (β = -0.22; 95% CI = -0.35-0.87), being resident in Greater Accra (β = -0.53; 95% CI = -0.80-0.26), and moderate SRH (β = -0.20; 95% CI = -0.36--0.04) significantly decrease EM with an overall significant variation of approximately 22.9%(ΔR2 = 2.7%). Conclusions Increasing age, sex, marital status, regional disparity, and poor SRH significantly decreased both Semantic memory and Episodic memory. Higher educational attainment and life satisfaction significantly influenced SM and EM. These provide pointers to important socio-demographic determinants of SM and EM with implications for the implementation of the Ghana national ageing policy 2010, 'ageing with security and dignity', and as a key consideration for healthy ageing towards 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Tetteh
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Keziah Malm
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ghana Health Service, Ghana
| | - Anita Ohenewa Yawson
- Ground Floor Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Richard Biritwum
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - George Mensah
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alfred Edwin Yawson
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Muhammad T, Pai M, Kumar M, Sekher T. Multiple socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older men and women in India. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100119. [PMID: 38515485 PMCID: PMC10953885 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Socioeconomic status (SES) is negatively associated with innumerable health outcomes, including cognitive functioning. Yet much remains undiscovered about SES patterns in later-life cognition in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between separate and combined socioconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older adults in India. Further, given gender disparities in later life cognitive functioning and SES, the study examines the associations between socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment separately, for older men and women. Methods Data come from the 2017-18, first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), with 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. Cognitive impairment was assessed using multiple broad measures of memory, orientation, arithmetic function, and visuo-spatial construction skills. We present descriptive statistics along with cross-tabulation of the outcome variable. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between outcome and explanatory variables. SES is measured using education, paid work status, and household wealth measured using monthly per-capita consumption expenditure (MPCE). Results A proportion of 7.14% of the older men and 20.03% of older women reported cognitive impairment. The odds of cognitive impairment were higher among uneducated older men and women, and older men and women in lowest wealth quintile. Surprisingly, older women without current or prior work history report lower odds of cognitive impairment compared to their peers in labor force. While odds of cognitive impairment are higher among non-working older men, this association is not statistically significant. In older men, the odds of cognitive impairment were 5.34, 7.14, and 13.05 times higher with one, two, and three risk factors, respectively, compared with those with no risk exposure. A similar trend was observed for women but with comparatively lower odds. Conclusions Our findings underscore the need to distinguish between varying elements of SES to construct "upstream" health policies and programs that redistribute resources. In particular, the findings support the use of multiple SES indicators in identifying older adults most susceptible to cognitive deficits, and planning gender-based interventions to improve cognitive health in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088, India
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Manish Kumar
- Population Research Centre, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - T.V. Sekher
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088, India
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Suo J, Shen X, He J, Sun H, Shi Y, He R, Zhang X, Wang X, Xi Y, Liang W. Exploring cognitive trajectories and their association with physical performance: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023064. [PMID: 37448124 PMCID: PMC10667582 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The long-term trends of cognitive function and its associations with physical performance remain unclear, particularly in Asian populations. The study objectives were to determine cognitive trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals, as well as to examine differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. METHODS Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 5,701 participants (47.7% male) with a mean age of 57.8 (standard deviation, 8.4) years at enrollment were included. A group-based trajectory model was used to identify cognitive trajectory groups for each sex. Grip strength, repeated chair stand, and standing balance tests were used to evaluate physical performance. An ordered logistic regression model was employed to analyze differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. RESULTS Three cognitive trajectory groups were identified for each sex: low, middle, and high. For both sexes, higher cognitive trajectory groups exhibited smaller declines with age. In the fully adjusted model, relative to the low trajectory group, the odds ratios (ORs) of better physical performance in the middle cognitive group were 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.59; p<0.001) during follow-up and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.64; p<0.001) at the endpoint. The ORs in the high trajectory group were 1.94 (95% CI, 1.61 to 2.32; p<0.001) during follow-up and 2.04 (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.45; p<0.001) at the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive function was better preserved in male participants and individuals with higher baseline cognitive function. A higher cognitive trajectory was associated with better physical performance over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdong Suo
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianlei Shen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyu He
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Sun
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongxin He
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xijie Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wannian Liang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Mutola S, Gómez-Olivé FX, Ng N. The path between socioeconomic inequality and cognitive function: A mediation analysis based on the HAALSI cohort in rural South Africa. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1011439. [PMID: 36992876 PMCID: PMC10040802 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1011439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSocioeconomic position (SEP) strongly predicts late-life cognitive health, yet the pathways between SEP and cognitive function remain unclear. This study assessed whether and to what extent the association between SEP and cognitive function in the adult population in rural South Africa is mediated by some health conditions, behavioral factors, and social capital factors.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we used data from the 2014–15 “Health and Aging Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI) cohort, including 5,059 adults aged 40+ years from the Agincourt sub-district in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. SEP, the independent variable, was measured based on ownership of household goods. Cognitive function, the dependent variable, was assessed using questions related to time orientation and immediate and delayed word recall. We used the multiple-mediation analysis on 4125 individuals with complete values on all variables to assess the mediating roles of health conditions (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and disability), behavioral factors (leisure physical activity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking), and social capital factors (community's willingness to help, trust, sense of safety, and social network contact) in the association between SEP and cognitive function.ResultsCompared to adults in the poorest wealth quintile, those in the richest wealth quintile had better cognition (β = 0.903, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that health conditions mediated 20.7% of the total effect of SEP on cognitive function. In comparison, 3.3% was mediated by behavioral factors and only 0.7% by social capital factors. In the multiple-mediator model, 17.9% of the effect of SEP on cognitive function was jointly mediated by health conditions, behavioral factors, and social capital factors.ConclusionLow socioeconomic position is a significant factor associated with poor cognitive function among adults aged 40 years and above in South Africa. Health conditions mainly mediate the effects between SEP and cognitive function. Therefore, actions to prevent and control chronic health conditions can serve as the entry point for intervention to prevent poor cognitive function among people with low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sianga Mutola
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nawi Ng
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institution of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Nawi Ng
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11
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Lor YCM, Tsou MT, Tsai LW, Tsai SY. The factors associated with cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:116. [PMID: 36864383 PMCID: PMC9983251 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research aimed to investigate the associations of anthropometric measurements, physiological parameters, chronic disease comorbidities, and social and lifestyle factors with cognitive function amongst community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional study involving 4,578 participants at least 65 years old, recruited between January 2008 and December 2018 from the Annual Geriatric Health Examinations Program. Cognitive function was assessed using the short portable mental state questionnaire (SPMSQ). Multivariable logistic regression was done to analyze the factors associated with cognitive impairment. RESULTS Among the 4,578 participants, 103 people (2.3%) with cognitive impairment were identified. Associated factors were age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13,1.20), male gender (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.21,0.72), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.03, 2.82), hyperlipidemia (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.25, 0.89), exercise (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.56), albumin (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.15, 0.88), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.00). Whereas waistline, alcohol intake in recent six months, and hemoglobin was not significantly associated with cognitive impairment (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that people with older age and a history of DM had a higher risk of cognitive impairment. Male gender, a history of hyperlipidemia, exercise, a high albumin level, and a high HDL level seemed to be associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment amongst older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Chen Mary Lor
- Department of Family Medicine, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 690, Section 2, Guangfu Road, East District, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ting Tsou
- Department of Family Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Tsai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Ying Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 690, Section 2, Guangfu Road, East District, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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12
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Virtanen JI, Ezechi OC, Aly NM, Lusher J, Nguyen AL, El Tantawi M. Psychosocial Factors Associated with Memory Complaints during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Country Survey. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020249. [PMID: 36831792 PMCID: PMC9953835 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the associations between psychosocial factors (social isolation, social support, financial support and emotional distress) and memory complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a secondary analysis of data extracted from the dataset of participants recruited from 151 countries for a COVID-19 related mental health and wellness study between June and December 2020. The dependent variable was memory complaint, measured using the Memory Complaint Questionnaire. The independent variables were perception of social isolation, social support, financial support, emotional distress and history of SARS-CoV-19 infection. Confounding variables were age, sex at birth, level of education, employment status, HIV status and country-income level. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for the confounders. Of the 14825 participants whose data was extracted, 2460 (16.6%) had memory complaints. Participants who felt socially isolated (AOR: 1.422; 95% CI: 1.286-1.571), emotionally distressed (AOR: 2.042; 95% CI: 1.850-2.253) and with history of SARS-CoV-19 infection (AOR: 1.369; 95% CI: 1.139-1.646) had significantly higher odds of memory complaints. Participants who perceived they had social and financial support had significantly lower odds of memory complaints (AOR: 0.655; 95% CI: 0.571-0.751). Future management of pandemics like the COVID-19 should promote access to social and financial support and reduce the risk of social isolation and emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- The Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos 101212, Nigeria
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca 70805, Mexico
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oliver C Ezechi
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- The Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos 101212, Nigeria
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Joanne Lusher
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University, London E14 2BE, UK
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91803, USA
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University, London E14 2BE, UK
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13
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Quan W, Lin Y, Zou H, Li M, Luo J, He Z, Chen J, Liu Z. Can habitual tea drinking be an effective approach against age-related neurodegenerative cognitive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5835-5851. [PMID: 36579429 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2158780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Our present knowledge about the efficacy of tea consumption in improving age-related cognitive disorders is incomplete since previous epidemiological studies provide inconsistent evidence. This unified systematic review and meta-analysis based on updated epidemiological cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evidence aimed to overcome the limitations of previous reviews by examining the efficacy of distinct types of tea consumption. PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE were searched up to May 20, 2022, and 23 cohorts and 12 cross-sectional studies were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to obtain pooled RRs or mean differences with 95% CIs. The pooled RRs of the highest versus lowest tea consumption categories were 0.81 (95% CIs: 0.75-0.88) and 0.69 (95% CIs: 0.61-0.77), respectively. The pooled mean difference of four included RCTs revealed a beneficial effect of tea on cognitive dysfunction (MMSE ES: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.14-1.92). Subgroup analyses further demonstrated that green and black tea intake was associated with a lower risk of cognitive disorders in eastern countries, especially in women. The evidence quality was generally low to moderate. The present review provides insight into whether habitual tea consumption can be an effective approach against age-related neurodegenerative cognitive disorders and summarizes potential mechanisms based on currently published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Quan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Lin
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiyu Zou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Maiquan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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14
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Barmpas P, Tasoulis S, Vrahatis AG, Georgakopoulos SV, Anagnostou P, Prina M, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Bickenbach J, Bayes I, Bobak M, Caballero FF, Chatterji S, Egea-Cortés L, García-Esquinas E, Leonardi M, Koskinen S, Koupil I, Paja̧k A, Prince M, Sanderson W, Scherbov S, Tamosiunas A, Galas A, Haro JM, Sanchez-Niubo A, Plagianakos VP, Panagiotakos D. A divisive hierarchical clustering methodology for enhancing the ensemble prediction power in large scale population studies: the ATHLOS project. Health Inf Sci Syst 2022; 10:6. [PMID: 35529251 PMCID: PMC9013733 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-022-00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATHLOS cohort is composed of several harmonized datasets of international groups related to health and aging. As a result, the Healthy Aging index has been constructed based on a selection of variables from 16 individual studies. In this paper, we consider additional variables found in ATHLOS and investigate their utilization for predicting the Healthy Aging index. For this purpose, motivated by the volume and diversity of the dataset, we focus our attention upon data clustering, where unsupervised learning is utilized to enhance prediction power. Thus we show the predictive utility of exploiting hidden data structures. In addition, we demonstrate that imposed computation bottlenecks can be surpassed when using appropriate hierarchical clustering, within a clustering for ensemble classification scheme, while retaining prediction benefits. We propose a complete methodology that is evaluated against baseline methods and the original concept. The results are very encouraging suggesting further developments in this direction along with applications in tasks with similar characteristics. A straightforward open source implementation for the R project is also provided (https://github.com/Petros-Barmpas/HCEP). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13755-022-00171-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Barmpas
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Sotiris Tasoulis
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Aristidis G. Vrahatis
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis Anagnostou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Matthew Prina
- Social Epidemiology Research Group. Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Global Health Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jerome Bickenbach
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Institute (GZI), Nottwil, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences & Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Ivet Bayes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Martin Bobak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francisco Félix Caballero
- Department Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Idipaz, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Somnath Chatterji
- Information, Evidence and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laia Egea-Cortés
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Esther García-Esquinas
- Department Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Idipaz, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Seppo Koskinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilona Koupil
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrzej Paja̧k
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagienllonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Martin Prince
- Global Health Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
- Centre for Global Mental Health. Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Warren Sanderson
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, World Population Program, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital, Laxenburg, Austria
- Department of Economics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Sergei Scherbov
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, World Population Program, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital, Laxenburg, Austria
- Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna Institute of Demography, Vienna, Austria
- Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Aleksander Galas
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Albert Sanchez-Niubo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Vassilis P. Plagianakos
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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15
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Zeng XK, Shen SS, Guan HL, Chen LY, Chen XJ. Coexisting Frailty and Cognitive Impairment as a Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Older Inpatients After Discharge: Results from a One-Year Follow-Up Study. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:1697-1706. [DOI: 10.2147/cia.s376691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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16
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Dong R, Denier-Fields DN, Lu Q, Suridjan I, Kollmorgen G, Wild N, Betthauser TJ, Carlsson CM, Asthana S, Johnson SC, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Engelman CD. Principal components from untargeted cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics associated with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 117:12-23. [PMID: 35640460 PMCID: PMC9737218 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Studying the correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites and the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) biomarkers may offer a window to the alterations of the brain metabolome and unveil potential biological mechanisms underlying AD. In this analysis, 308 CSF metabolites from 338 individuals of Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were included in a principal component analysis (PCA). The resulted principal components (PCs) were tested for association with CSF total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), amyloid β 42 (Aβ42), and Aβ42/40 ratio using linear regression models. Significant PCs were further tested with other CSF NeuroToolKit (NTK) and imaging biomarkers. Using a Bonferroni corrected p < 0.05, 5 PCs were significantly associated with CSF p-tau and t-tau and 3 PCs were significantly associated with CSF Aβ42. Pathway analysis suggested that these PCS were enriched in 6 pathways, including metabolism of caffeine and nicotinate and nicotinamide. This study provides evidence that CSF metabolites are associated with AD pathology through core AD biomarkers and other NTK markers and suggests potential pathways to follow up in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruocheng Dong
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Diandra N Denier-Fields
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department Nutrition Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qiongshi Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tobey James Betthauser
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cynthia M Carlsson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Corinne D Engelman
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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17
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Sleep habits are associated with cognition decline in physically robust, but not in frail participants: a longitudinal observational study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11595. [PMID: 35804185 PMCID: PMC9270465 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Frail older adults are vulnerable to stressors; thus, sleep related cognition impairment might more greatly affect frail than healthy older adults. In the present study, we investigated whether the association between sleep problems and cognition varies with physical frailty status (modified from Fried et al.). Participants 55 years and older who completed a baseline and follow-up questionnaire (median follow-up: 5.5 years), were included in the analysis. Sleep parameters were evaluated in an interview at the baseline. Cognitive decline was defined as a loss of 3 or more points on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at follow-up. Associations between sleep problems and cognitive decline were examined using logistic regression and were stratified by baseline physical frailty status, adjusted for potential confounders. A short total sleep duration (< 5 vs. 7-9 h, odds ratio (OR) = 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-3.00), excessive daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.04-2.13), low sleep efficiency (< 65% vs. ≥ 85%, OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.07-2.46), and insomnia complaints (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.23-4.43) were associated with MMSE decline in physically robust. The association was stronger for the sleep summary score, which summarized abnormal sleep duration, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia complaints ([Formula: see text] 2 vs. 0, OR = 3.79, 95% CI 2.10-6.85, p < 0.0001). Due to the low prevalence of frailty in this community-dwelling population, the statistical power to detect an association was low. More evidence is needed to clarify the role of sleep in the progression of cognitive decline in frail individuals.
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18
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Setiyani R, Iskandar A. Cognitive impairment among older adults living in the community and in nursing home in Indonesia: a pilot study. Dement Neuropsychol 2022; 16:347-353. [PMID: 36619837 PMCID: PMC9762390 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The demographic phenomenon of population aging has brought some consequences, including a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment. Objective This study aimed to assess and compare cognitive impairment and its risk factors between older persons living in the community and in nursing home in Indonesia. Methods A cross-sectional study was employed among 99 older adults living in the community and 49 nursing home residents. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results Older people living in the community showed a higher score on MMSE than those living in nursing home (p=0.044). Age, marital status, education level, and literacy status were significantly related to the cognitive function of older adults living in the community (p=0.003, p=0.007, p=0.005, p=0.001, respectively), while gender, education level, and literacy status were significantly related to that of nursing home residents (p=0.012, p=0.004, p=0.001, respectively). Conclusions Older adults living in the nursing home were more likely to experience cognitive decline than their counterparts in the community. Factors associated with cognitive decline differ between community-dwelling older adults and nursing home residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmi Setiyani
- Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, School of Nursing, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Asep Iskandar
- Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, School of Nursing, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia
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19
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Biagianti B, Di Liberto A, Nicolò Edoardo A, Lisi I, Nobilia L, de Ferrabonc GD, Zanier ER, Stocchetti N, Brambilla P. Cognitive Assessment in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Systematic Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:909661. [PMID: 35847679 PMCID: PMC9283975 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.909661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with post-infective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) often show both short- and long-term cognitive deficits within the dysexecutive/inattentive spectrum. However, little is known about which cognitive alterations are commonly found in patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2, and which psychometric tools clinicians should consider when assessing cognition in this population. The present work reviewed published studies to provide a critical narrative of neuropsychological (NPs) deficits commonly observed after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the tests most suited for detecting such cognitive sequelae depending on illness severity. Methods This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was pre-registered on Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42021253079). Observational studies quantitatively assessing cognition in patients with post-infective SARS-CoV-2 were considered. From 711 retrieved articles, 19 studies conducted on patients with SARS-CoV-2 without medical comorbidities were included and stratified by disease severity. Results The majority of studies (N = 13) adopted first-level tests. The most frequently administered screeners were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)—with the former more likely to detect mild, and the latter moderate/severe deficits. Among second-level tests, those assessing attention and executive functions (EFs) were highly represented. Remotely-delivered tests yielded lower percentages of cognitive impairment. Overall, cognitive domains often found to be impaired were EFs, attention, and memory. Conclusion Cognitive sequelae in patients with post-infective SARS-CoV-2 can be detected with NPs testing. Depending on the psychometric test features, the likelihood of observing cognitive deficits can vary. Further studies on larger sample sizes are needed to investigate the clinical usefulness of second-level tools. The primary goal of preventative health services should be the early detection and intervention of emerging cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Biagianti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Bruno Biagianti, , orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-3019
| | - Asia Di Liberto
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Aiello Nicolò Edoardo
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lisi
- Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Nobilia
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Delor de Ferrabonc
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa R. Zanier
- Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nino Stocchetti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Zhou Y, Wang J, Cao L, Shi M, Liu H, Zhao Y, Xia Y. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Cognitive Disorders in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871061. [PMID: 35795585 PMCID: PMC9251442 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the quantitative associations between fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive disorders in older adults.DesignA meta-analysis.Setting and ParticipantsWe used the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases for a literature search to 12 April 2022. We preliminarily retrieved 11,759 studies, 16 of which met the inclusion criteria including six cross-sectional studies, nine cohort studies and one case-control study, incorporating 64,348 participants and 9,879 cases.MethodsUsing the three databases, we identified observational studies exploring the association. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model.ResultsSixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the results showed that increased fruit and vegetable consumption in older adults was associated with a decline in the prevalence of cognitive disorders (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.76–0.83). Moreover, intake of fruits (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77–0.89) and vegetables (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.70–0.80) alone were both associated with a lower prevalence of cognitive disorders. Subgroup analyses indicated that the intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with the prevalence of cognitive impairment (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.76–0.80) and dementia (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78–0.91) but not Alzheimer’s disease (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.76–1.01).Conclusion and ImplicationsOur meta-analysis provides evidence that the intake of fruits and vegetables is inversely proportional and linearly associated with the prevalence of cognitive disorders in older adults. Future research is required to further investigate the preventive effects of the frequency, quantity, and duration of eating vegetables and fruits on cognitive disorders in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jieyuan Wang
- Tibet Military Region Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Tibet, China
| | - Limin Cao
- The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyuan Shi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Xia, ;
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Panyawattanakit C, Wongpradit W, Kanhasing R, Kulalert P. Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Older Adults with Diabetes in a Suburban Primary Health Center in Thailand. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2022; 51:175-181. [PMID: 35381592 DOI: 10.1159/000524132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thailand is a rapidly aging society. The percentage of older adults with diabetes has also been increasing. Since diabetes mellitus is documented as a risk factor for dementia, it is important to address cognitive impairment in older adults with diabetes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairment among older adults with diabetes in a suburban primary health center in Thailand. METHODS A cross-sectional study in 244 diabetic patients aged 60 years or older was conducted in a primary health care unit in Pathum Thani, Thailand. Cognitive function was assessed with the validated Thai version of the Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Test. Sociodemographic and health characteristic data were obtained. RESULTS The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 54.5% (133 out of 244). Multivariate logistic regression disclosed that factors significantly associated with cognitive impairment were ages 70-79 years compared to ages 60-69 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-3.62, p value 0.048), ages ≥80 years compared to ages 60-69 years (OR 3.65, 95% CI: 1.19-11.24, p value 0.024), education ≤ primary school (OR 7.28, 95% CI: 3.56-14.89, p value <0.001), and medication managed by caregiver compared to self-management of medication (OR 13.40, 95% CI: 1.55-116.10, p value 0.019). CONCLUSION We revealed that approximately half of older adults with diabetes had cognitive impairment. This finding strongly suggests the need to include cognitive assessment in a standard clinical practice guideline for diabetic patients and to focus more on individuals who are very old, have low education, or are unable to manage their drugs by themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wadee Wongpradit
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ruankwan Kanhasing
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapasri Kulalert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Borhaninejad V, Saber M. Comparison of cognitive status of diabetic and non-diabetic elderly in the last ten years in primary health care in Iran. ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/afmnai39-34820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Cognitive disorders and chronic diseases such as diabetes are common problems of aging. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the cognitive status of diabetic and non-diabetic elderly in the past ten years in primary health care in Iran. Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on people aged 60 years and older in Kerman, Iran in 2020. In total, this study was performed on 200 patients (100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic) meeting inclusion criteria. The Short Mental Status Questionnaire (MMSE) and The Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) were used to assess cognitive function. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed in this study. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, T-test, and ANOVA analysis in SPSS 21 software. Results. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic groups in the current cognitive status and cognitive status in the last ten years. The mean scores of cognitive function from the short mental status questionnaire in the diabetic group were lower than in the non-diabetic group (p = 0.001). The mean scores of the cognitive deficit screening questionnaire in diabetic elderly were higher than in non-diabetic elderly (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Based on the results of this study, health care providers and family physicians should focus on controlling diabetes and identifying any cognitive impairment in the early stages of comprehensive care of diabetic patients.
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Muhammad T, Srivastava S, Sekher TV. Association of self-perceived income sufficiency with cognitive impairment among older adults: a population-based study in India. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:256. [PMID: 34001051 PMCID: PMC8130352 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greater cognitive performance has been shown to be associated with better mental and physical health and lower mortality. The present study contributes to the existing literature on the linkages of self-perceived income sufficiency and cognitive impairment. Study also provides additional insights on other socioeconomic and health-related variables that are associated with cognitive impairment in older ages. METHODS Data for this study is derived from the 'Building Knowledge Base on Population Ageing in India'. The final sample size for the analysis after removing missing cases was 9176 older adults. Descriptive along with bivariate analyses were presented to show the plausible associations of cognitive impairment with potential risk factors using the chi-square test. Also, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to provide the relationship between cognitive impairment and risk factors. The software used was STATA 14. RESULTS About 43% of older adults reported that they had no source of income and 7.2% had income but not sufficient to fulfil their basic needs. Older adults with income but partially sufficient to fulfil their basic needs had 39% significantly higher likelihood to suffer from cognitive impairment than older adults who had sufficient income [OR: 1.39; OR: 1.21-1.59]. Likelihood of cognitive impairment was low among older adults with asset ownership than older adults with no asset ownership [OR: 0.83; CI: 0.72-0.95]. Again, older adults who work by compulsion (73.3%) or felt mental or physical stress due to work (57.6%) had highest percentage of cognitive impairment. Moreover, older adults with poor self-rated health, low instrumental activities of daily living, low activities of daily living, low subjective well-being and low psychological health were at increased risk for cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION The study highlights the pressing need for care and support and especially financial incentives in the old age to preserve cognitive health. Further, while planning geriatric health care for older adults in India, priority must be given to financially backward, with no asset ownership, with poor health status, older-older, widowed, and illiterate older individuals, as they are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - T. V. Sekher
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
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Nutakor JA, Dai B, Zhou J, Larnyo E, Gavu AK, Asare MK. Association between socioeconomic status and cognitive functioning among older adults in Ghana. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 36:756-765. [PMID: 33215724 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extensive analysis of the associations between socioeconomic status and cognition has been conducted among older adults. However, it is not clear whether associations in high-income countries are similar in low-and middle-income countries. This research aims to investigate the association between the socioeconomic status of older adults in Ghana and their cognitive function by using a sample of older adults that is nationally representative. METHODS Data were obtained from a sample of older Ghanaian adults (50+) from the Study of Global AGEing and Adult Health Wave 1 (n = 3710) of the World Health Organization. Objectively, cognition was measured by verbal recall, verbal fluency, forward digit span, and backward digit span, while variations in cognition overall were evaluated against socioeconomic factors using linear regression. RESULTS Older age, older women, rural life, increasing memory difficulty, and being diagnosed with stroke were the most significant determinants of impaired cognitive function. Higher education and higher income were significantly associated with a better cognitive function than those with no formal education and low income. CONCLUSIONS These results provide new evidence for public health programs in Ghana and other low-and middle-income countries to tackle cognitive impairments in growing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Aseye Nutakor
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Baozhen Dai
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianzai Zhou
- Department of Finance and Insurance, School of Finance & Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ebenezer Larnyo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sinaeefar MJ, Saadat P, Hamidia A, Hosseini SR. Evaluation of the cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: A case-control study from Iran. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 203:106549. [PMID: 33631508 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and the second most common neurological disease in the world, which usually affects people mainly in later years of life. Cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms are important symptoms in these patients that are associated with a poor prognosis. The study will focus on the original data regarding the cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and control group. METHODS In a case-control study, a total of 100 Parkinson's patients who were hospitalized in Rouhani Hospital and 200 non-Parkinson's people (control group) from Amirkola Health and aging project (AHAP) Marras et al., Babol, Iran were enrolled between September 2019 to February 2020. Data were collected by simple random sampling. Data were collected using a four-part questionnaire, including demographic characteristics, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Modified Hoehn and Yahr staging Scale (MHYSS), Mini-M ental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). P-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant RESULTS: A total of 300 persons were enrolled in the study. The mean age of Parkinson's patients and non-Parkinson's people was 70.34 ± 7.76 and 70.87 ± 7.59 years, respectively. The mean MMSE score in Parkinson's and non-Parkinson's people was 24.80 ± 4.53 and 25.40 ± 3.1, respectively (p = 0.182). The mean GDS score in Parkinson's and non-Parkinson's people was 7.06 ± 4.06 and 4.31 ± 3.47, respectively (p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairments with disease severity (p = 0.022 and p = 0.012, respectively). In addition, variables, such as age and the education level were associated with cognitive impairments (p = 0.001 and p = 0.021, respectively), but these variables were not significantly associated with depressive symptoms (p = 0.843 and p = 0.411, respectively). There was a significant relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's patients and the control group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with an increase in the severity of Parkinson's disease, and also, depressive symptoms in Parkinson's patients was associated with an increase in cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payam Saadat
- Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Angela Hamidia
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Rajendran V, Saikia A. Mild cognitive impairment and its lifestyle-related risk factors in the elderly: A community-based cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jmgims.jmgims_16_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Reading activity prevents long-term decline in cognitive function in older people: evidence from a 14-year longitudinal study. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:63-74. [PMID: 32498728 PMCID: PMC8482376 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the effect of daily life reading activity on the risk of cognitive decline and whether the effect differs regarding education levels. DESIGN A longitudinal study with 6-, 10-, and 14-year follow-up. SETTING Face-to-face interviews with structured questionnaires at home. PARTICIPANTS A representative sample of 1,962 Taiwanese community-dwelling older persons aged 64 and above, followed up in four waves of surveys over 14 years. MEASUREMENTS Baseline reading frequencies were measured based on a scale of leisure activity. The Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire was used to measure cognitive performance. We performed logistic regression to assess associations between baseline reading and later cognitive decline. Interaction terms between reading and education were to compare the reading effects on cognitive decline at different education levels. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, those with higher reading frequencies (≥1 time a week) were less likely to have cognitive decline at 6-year (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34-0.86), 10-year (AOR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37-0.92), and 14-year (AOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.86); in a 14-year follow-up, a reduced risk of cognitive decline was observed among older people with higher reading frequencies versus lower ones at all educational levels. CONCLUSIONS Reading was protective of cognitive function in later life. Frequent reading activities were associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline for older adults at all levels of education in the long term.
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Yu W, Yu W, Liu X, Wan T, Chen C, Xiong L, Zhang W, Lü Y. Associations between malnutrition and cognitive impairment in an elderly Chinese population: an analysis based on a 7-year database. Psychogeriatrics 2021; 21:80-88. [PMID: 33207393 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to elucidate whether malnutrition is associated with cognitive impairment in an older Chinese population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2365 participants aged 60 years or older from January 2013 to September 2019. Nutritional status was measured by using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The relationship between malnutrition or each Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form domain and cognitive impairment was examined with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of malnutrition, risk of malnutrition, and cognitive impairment was 5.54%, 33.45%, and 36.74%, respectively. The prevalence was higher in those 80 years and older: 7.88%, 40.75%, and 53.65%, respectively. The Mini-Mental State Examination score was positively correlated with the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form score (r = 0.364, P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, education, marital status, and living alone, malnutrition (odds ratio (OR) = 3.927, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.650-5.819), anorexia (OR = 1.454, 95%CI: 1.192-1.774), weight loss (OR = 1.697, 95%CI: 1.406-2.047), impaired mobility (OR = 4.156, 95%CI: 3.311-5.218), and psychological stress (OR = 1.414, 95%CI: 1.070-1.869) were significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the prevalence of malnutrition and cognitive impairment is relatively high and increases with age. Malnutrition, anorexia, weight loss, impaired mobility, and psychological stress are significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Therefore, clinicians should assess the nutritional and cognitive status of the elderly regularly to improve early detection and timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhan Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Institutes of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xintong Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianchi Wan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenxi Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Institutes of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Lü
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Gruendler R, Hippe B, Sendula Jengic V, Peterlin B, Haslberger AG. Nutraceutical Approaches of Autophagy and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25246018. [PMID: 33353228 PMCID: PMC7765980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and the emergence of age-associated illnesses are one of the major challenges of our present society. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is closely associated with aging and is defined by increasing memory loss and severe dementia. Currently, there are no therapy options available that halt AD progression. This work investigates three hallmarks of the disease (autophagy, neuroinflammation, and senescence) and systematically analyzes if there is a beneficial effect from three substances derived from food sources, the so called “nutraceuticals” epigallocatechin gallate, fisetin, and spermidine, on these hallmarks. The results imply a positive outlook for the reviewed substances to qualify as a novel treatment option for AD. A combination of nutraceutical substances and other preventive measures could have significant clinical impact in a multi-layered therapy approach to counter AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Gruendler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Berit Hippe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | | | | | - Alexander G. Haslberger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence:
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Aajami Z, Kazazi L, Toroski M, Bahrami M, Borhaninejad V. Relationship between Depression and Cognitive Impairment among Elderly: A Cross-sectional Study. J Caring Sci 2020; 9:148-153. [PMID: 32963983 PMCID: PMC7492969 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2020.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression and cognitive impairment are common mental health problems among elderly, although few studies have examined their co-occurrence in aging population. So the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 506 older adults were presented to the health centers of the municipality of Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the sociodemographic questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Data were analyzed by using SPSS-17 with correlation analysis and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants was 65.71 years. Older people (>75 years) had more twice risk (95% CI: 1.01-4.90) for cognitive dysfunction. There was a significant correlation between MMSE and GDS. Elderly with collegiate education had 85% (95% CI: 0.1-0.5) and employed elderly had 56% (95% CI: 0.04-0.74) lower risk for cognitive dysfunction. Elderly with severe depression had twice risk (95% CI: 1.41-4.8) for cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: Findings suggest there is a relationship between depression and cognitive impairment among the elderly. These findings emphasis on assessing cognitive impairment and depression in geriatric assessment in elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Aajami
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Kazazi
- Iranian Research Center on Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Toroski
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Bahrami
- Department of Nursing, Islamic Azad University Shahr-e Babak Branch, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Borhaninejad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Li CL, Chang HY, Stanaway FF. Combined effects of frailty status and cognitive impairment on health-related quality of life among community dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 87:103999. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Obesity Is Less Frequently Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020367. [PMID: 32019161 PMCID: PMC7071195 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the factors associated with cognitive impairment. However, obesity may differently affect cognitive function in different age groups, and scarce data are available from low- and middle-income countries. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the association between obesity and cognitive impairment among 143 elderly individuals in Yogyakarta. We recorded the sociodemographic factors and some comorbidities, also measured the body mass index as a parameter of obesity, cognitive function using Montreal Cognitive Assessment—Indonesia, mood condition and depression status using geriatric depression scale-short form, as well as the daily life function using Activity of Daily Living and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living. After adjustment for the sociodemographic and comorbidities, we found that subjects with older age were more likely to have cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR] 3.544, 95%CI: 1.36–9.22, p < 0.01) and compared with elderly individuals with normal weight, obese elderly individuals were 40% less likely to have cognitive impairment (OR 0.604, 95%CI: 0.39–0.95, p < 0.05). This study suggests that obesity in elderly individuals is less frequently associated with cognitive impairment. These findings support the reverse causation mechanism related to body mass index (BMI) and cognitive impairment in low/middle-income countries.
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Chen JA, Scheltens P, Groot C, Ossenkoppele R. Associations Between Caffeine Consumption, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:1519-1546. [PMID: 33185612 PMCID: PMC7836063 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have provided inconclusive evidence for a protective effect of caffeine consumption on risk of dementia and cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE To summarize literature on the association between caffeine and 1) the risk of dementia and/or cognitive decline, and 2) cognitive performance in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, and 3) to examine the effect of study characteristics by categorizing studies based on caffeine source, quantity and other possible confounders. METHODS We performed a systematic review of caffeine effects by assessing overall study outcomes; positive, negative or no effect. Our literature search identified 61 eligible studies performed between 1990 and 2020. RESULTS For studies analyzing the association between caffeine and the risk of dementia and/or cognitive decline, 16/57 (28%) studies including a total of 40,707/153,070 (27%) subjects reported positive study outcomes, and 30/57 (53%) studies including 71,219/153,070 (47%) subjects showed positive results that were dependent on study characteristics. Caffeine effects were more often positive when consumed in moderate quantities (100-400 mg/d), consumed in coffee or green tea, and in women. Furthermore, four studies evaluated the relationship between caffeine consumption and cognitive function in cognitively impaired individuals and the majority (3/4 [75% ]) of studies including 272/289 subjects (94%) reported positive outcomes. CONCLUSION This review suggests that caffeine consumption, especially moderate quantities consumed through coffee or green tea and in women, may reduce the risk of dementia and cognitive decline, and may ameliorate cognitive decline in cognitively impaired individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.Q. Alida Chen
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin Groot
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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The Relationship between Cognitive Impairment and Social Vulnerability among the Elderly: Evidence from an Unconditional Quantile Regression Analysis in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193684. [PMID: 31574996 PMCID: PMC6801445 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As the global proportion of the elderly population has been growing rapidly, it has become important to better understand the holistic social factors involved in cognitive impairment in the elderly. To investigate the relationship between social vulnerability and cognitive impairment in the elderly, this study applied an unconditional quantile regression model on open source health survey data in China. It was used to estimate the relationship for full sample and subsamples divided by different levels of a specific covariate. It was found that the cognitive impairment had a positive association with social vulnerability, and this relationship is stronger at the higher cognitive impairment quantiles. The cognitive impairment of females and elderly who took less exercise; had lower self-rated health; had greater incidences of depression, chronic diseases, and physical limitations; and consumed less fruit and vegetables, milk and tea were more related to social vulnerability. These results provide some insights into the strategies that could be used by the elderly to decrease the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Association between caffeine intake and cognitive function in adults; effect modification by sex: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:2158-2168. [PMID: 31582197 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between caffeine intake and cognitive function. METHODS In this cross sectional study, we used data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). Our research subjects were 1440 adults aged ≥60 years. The individual's cognitive functions were evaluated using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) Word List Learning Test, CERAD Word List Recall Test, Animal Fluency test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Participants were categorized based on the quartiles of caffeine intake. In each dimension of cognitive, we calculated and used median value as cut-off point and assessed the association between each dimension (binary) and caffeine intake using multiple logistic regression analysis in different models. RESULTS In all of the dimensions, only the highest quartile of caffeine intakes was positively associated with the cognitive function in the crude model and also trend existed (P trend <0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, family income, education, marital status, history of disease, sleep disorders, thyroid problems, physical activity, social support, smoking, and some nutrients), the association was marginally significant in CERAD Word List Recall Test (P trend = 0.09), but was not significant in other dimensions of cognitive function. A statistically significant interaction was noted between caffeine intake and gender in relation to the CERAD Word List Recall Test (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Generally, there was a weak positive association between caffeine intake and cognitive performance in older adults that modified by sex. So that, the relation was stronger among male than female.
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Tomioka K, Kurumatani N, Hosoi H. Social Participation and Cognitive Decline Among Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Community-based Longitudinal Study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2019; 73:799-806. [PMID: 27194753 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine whether social participation (SP) by older individuals is associated with cognitive decline (CD). Method Participants were community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or older with both independent activities of daily living and normal cognitive performance at baseline (2,768 men and 3,325 women). CD was evaluated using the Cognitive Performance Scale. Logistic regression analysis stratified by gender was used to examine CD in relation to SP, with nonparticipation as reference. Age, family, body mass index, pensions, comorbidities, medications, alcohol, smoking, depression, self-rated health, and instrumental activities of daily living were used as covariates. Results During the 3-year follow-up, 16.7% of eligible participants reported CD. After covariate adjustments, greater social group participation was associated with CD prevention for women only. Lessened negative CD effects were found in respondents active in these particular types of social outlets: neighborhood associations (odds ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval = 0.66-0.99) and local event groups (0.79, 0.63-0.99) for men, and hobby groups (0.70, 0.54-0.91) and volunteer groups (0.66, 0.45-0.96) for women. Discussion Our results suggest that greater social group participation prevents CD in women, while the beneficial effect of each type of SP on cognition differs between genders. Determining which types of social groups are best for community-dwelling older people's participation based on gender may help them maintain their cognitive functioning abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hosoi
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Sujarwoto S, Tampubolon G. Premature natural menopause and cognitive function among older women in Indonesia. J Women Aging 2019; 32:563-577. [PMID: 31057079 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2019.1607679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We examine the association between premature natural menopause and cognitive function among older women in Indonesia. Data come from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2014 (N = 1,031 menopausal women). Multilevel ordered logistic regression was used to take into account unobserved factors in the women's communities, also considering a range of potential confounding factors including their reproductive histories, lifestyles, and sociodemographic characteristics. The findings show that premature natural menopause was significantly associated with lower cognitive function in later life (ß = -0.97, P< .01, CI -1.61-(-0.33)). The findings were robust against potential confounding factors including reproductive history, lifestyle, and sociodemographic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujarwoto Sujarwoto
- Portsmouth Brawijaya Centre for Global Health, Population and Policy, University of Brawijaya , Malang, Indonesia
| | - Gindo Tampubolon
- The Global Development Institute (GDI), University of Manchester , Lancashire, UK
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Białecka-Dębek A, Pietruszka B. The association between hydration status and cognitive function among free-living elderly volunteers. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:695-703. [PMID: 30128663 PMCID: PMC6491399 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-1019-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Ageing is inevitably associated with a progressive cognitive decline. With the rising percentage of the elderly in society, the number of people with dementia and cognitive impairment increases. Water is a vital ingredient that must be included in the diet. The impact of hydration status on cognitive performance has been studied only a little so far. Aims The objective of the study was to investigate the relation between the hydration status and the cognitive function. Methods The study was conducted among 60 free-living volunteers, aged 60–93 years. Data on water consumption were gathered based on 3-day records. The hydration status was assessed in morning urine samples by evaluating urine specific gravity. The cognitive function was tested using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Babcock Story Recall Test and the Trail Making Test. Information about depression was gathered by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Results The mean daily total water intake was 2441 ± 622 ml, and 70% of respondents met the reference values for an adequate intake. The mean urine specific gravity (1.013 g/cm3, range of 1.004–1.025 g/cm3) indicated that most of the individuals were in a good hydration state. The average result of MMSE was 27.8, which is connected with mild cognitive impairment. There was no significant relationship between the hydration status and the results of the cognitive function test in the studied population. Discussion/conclusion As the elderly volunteers had a good hydration status, there was no significant relationship between cognitive performance and urine specific gravity. It is necessary to replicate the findings of this study with a larger and more diverse sample of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Białecka-Dębek
- Department of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Pietruszka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Engchuan W, Dimopoulos AC, Tyrovolas S, Caballero FF, Sanchez-Niubo A, Arndt H, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Haro JM, Chatterji S, Panagiotakos DB. Sociodemographic Indicators of Health Status Using a Machine Learning Approach and Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA). Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1994-2001. [PMID: 30879019 PMCID: PMC6436225 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the effects of sociodemographic factors on health in aging now include the use of statistical models and machine learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the determinants of health in aging using machine learning methods and to compare the accuracy with traditional methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS The health status of 6,209 adults, age <65 years (n=1,585), 65-79 years (n=3,267), and >80 years (n=1,357) were measured using an established health metric (0-100) that incorporated physical function and activities of daily living (ADL). Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) included socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics and history of falls. Health-trend and personal-fitted variables were generated as predictors of health metrics using three machine learning methods, random forest (RF), deep learning (DL) and the linear model (LM), with calculation of the percentage increase in mean square error (%IncMSE) as a measure of the importance of a given predictive variable, when the variable was removed from the model. RESULTS Health-trend, physical activity, and personal-fitted variables were the main predictors of health, with the%incMSE of 85.76%, 63.40%, and 46.71%, respectively. Age, employment status, alcohol consumption, and household income had the%incMSE of 20.40%, 20.10%, 16.94%, and 13.61%, respectively. Performance of the RF method was similar to the traditional LM (p=0.7), but RF significantly outperformed DL (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Machine learning methods can be used to evaluate multidimensional longitudinal health data and may provide accurate results with fewer requirements when compared with traditional statistical modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worrawat Engchuan
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandros C Dimopoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Department of Informatics and Telematics, School of Digital Technology, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Carrer Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Barcelona, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Félix Caballero
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), , Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Sanchez-Niubo
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Carrer Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Barcelona, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Carrer Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Barcelona, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Somnath Chatterji
- Health Metrics and Measurement, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
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Soleimani R, Shokrgozar S, Fallahi M, Kafi H, Kiani M. An investigation into the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the performance of older adults in Guilan province. J Med Life 2018; 11:247-253. [PMID: 30364719 PMCID: PMC6197520 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The escalating rate of old people with a functional impairment in Iran and the weakness of the family support due to the diminishing of family size have increased the demand for long-term care for the elderly with cognitive impairment (CI). Objective: The purpose of this research is to explore the frequency of cognitive impairment in the elderly and its association with their daily functional impairment and disability. Method: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study conducted in 2016-2017. The study sample consisted of 393 elderly people who were 60 years old or older who live in of Guilan different counties. Samples were selected by using multi-stage cluster sampling. Subsequently, data were analyzed by using the Chi-square test and correlation and regression analysis conducted in SPSS 22. Results: It was observed that 4.3, 28.6, and 37% of the subjects suffered from severe, moderate, and mild cognitive impairment, respectively. Cognitive impairment had a significant relationship with daily functioning and activities requiring special tools. Moreover, cognitive impairment in women, people with low education, and those over 70 years old was more common, and the difference between them was significant (p <0.001). Also, disability was significantly greater in the elderly with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Many old people need to be cared for after the appearance of cognitive impairment. Therefore, appropriate screening of cognitive impairments is conducive to early diagnosis and prevention of executive functioning problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robabeh Soleimani
- Psychiatry Department, Kavosh Cognitive Behaviour Sciences and Addiction Research Center, Shafa educational - remedial Hospital, Associate Professor, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shokrgozar
- Psychiatry Department, Kavosh Cognitive Behaviour Sciences and Addiction Research Center, Shafa educational - remedial Hospital, Assistant Professor, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Fallahi
- Vice-chancellor for health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hashem Kafi
- Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Kiani
- Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Chiao C. Beyond health care: Volunteer work, social participation, and late-life general cognitive status in Taiwan. Soc Sci Med 2018; 229:154-160. [PMID: 29908766 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE In addition to the complexity associated with health care coverage and its utilization by older people, I hypothesize that social engagement promotes a better later-life general cognitive status beyond health care availability as is provided by Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) system. The present study thus explores whether social engagement, specifically social participation and volunteer work, is independently associated with later-life general cognitive status after adjusting for health service utilization among older Taiwanese via the NHI system. METHODS Using a population-based natural experiment study design, data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA, 1993-2007) was analyzed. Mixed-effects models were conducted to estimate the relative effects of volunteer work, social participation, and NHI on general cognitive status over time, while taking health status, medical care utilization, community development, and social support into consideration. RESULTS The multivariate findings showed that a better general cognitive status is significantly associated with being actively involved in volunteer work (β = 0.14, p < 0.01) and social participation (β = 0.14, p < 0.01). In addition, NHI is also significantly associated with a higher level of general cognitive status (β = 0.10, p < 0.01). DISCUSSION This investigation suggests that social engagement has significant impacts on late-life general cognitive status, even taking into account the NHI system and its related utilization effects. The results highlight the importance of volunteer work and social participation among older Taiwanese because such social involvement produces a positive effect on their general cognitive status beyond health care itself. Furthermore, the contribution of productive activities to enhance late-life cognitive health is underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chiao
- Institute of Health and Welfare Policy, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., 112, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Pervin M, Unno K, Ohishi T, Tanabe H, Miyoshi N, Nakamura Y. Beneficial Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061297. [PMID: 29843466 PMCID: PMC6099654 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. Green tea, black tea, and oolong tea are made from the same plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze. Among them, green tea has been the most extensively studied for beneficial effects on diseases including cancer, obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Several human observational and intervention studies have found beneficial effects of tea consumption on neurodegenerative impairment, such as cognitive dysfunction and memory loss. These studies supported the basis of tea's preventive effects of Parkinson's disease, but few studies have revealed such effects on Alzheimer's disease. In contrast, several human studies have not reported these favorable effects with regard to tea. This discrepancy may be due to incomplete adjustment of confounding factors, including the method of quantifying consumption, beverage temperature, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and differences in genetic and environmental factors, such as race, sex, age, and lifestyle. Thus, more rigorous human studies are required to understand the neuroprotective effect of tea. A number of laboratory experiments demonstrated the benefits of green tea and green tea catechins (GTCs), such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and proposed action mechanisms. The targets of GTCs include the abnormal accumulation of fibrous proteins, such as Aβ and α-synuclein, inflammation, elevated expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, and oxidative stress, which are associated with neuronal cell dysfunction and death in the cerebral cortex. Computational molecular docking analysis revealed how EGCG can prevent the accumulation of fibrous proteins. These findings suggest that GTCs have the potential to be used in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and could be useful for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monira Pervin
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Keiko Unno
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Tanabe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Nayoro City University, Nayoro-city, Hokkaido 096-8641, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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43
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Liu X, Du X, Han G, Gao W. Association between tea consumption and risk of cognitive disorders: A dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43306-43321. [PMID: 28496007 PMCID: PMC5522147 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The epidemiological evidence for a dose-response relationship between tea consumption and risk of cognitive disorders is sparse. The aim of the study was to summarize the evidence for the association of tea consumption with risk of cognitive disorders and assess the dose-response relationship. Methods We searched electronic databases of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (from 1965 to Jan 19, 2017) for eligible studies that published in the international journals. A random-effects model was used to pool the most adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Seventeen studies involving 48,435 participants were included in our study. The meta-analysis showed that a higher tea consumption was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cognitive disorders (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.65-0.82). When considering the specific types of tea consumption, the significantly inverse association is only found in green tea consumption (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.77) but not in black/oolong tea consumption (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.55-1.01). Dose-response meta-analysis indicated that tea consumption is linearly associated with a reduced risk of cognitive disorders. An increment of 100 ml/day, 300 ml/day, and 500 ml/day of tea consumption was associated with a 6% (OR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.96), 19% (OR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.74-0.88), and 29% (OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.62-0.82) lower risk of cognitive disorders. Conclusions Tea consumption is inversely and linearly related to the risk of cognitive disorders. More studies are needed to further confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Du
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Guanying Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
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Lam Nogueira BOC, Li L, Meng LR, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Chiu HFK, Kuok KCF, Tran L, Xiang YT. Clinical characteristics and quality of life of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. Psychogeriatrics 2018; 18:182-189. [PMID: 29409163 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the characteristics of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the quality of life (QOL) of older adults living in the community and nursing homes. METHODS A consecutive sample of 413 subjects (199 from the community; 214 from nursing homes) was recruited and interviewed using standardized instruments. Cognition was measured with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and QOL with the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. RESULTS Altogether 87 subjects (21.0%) had cognitive impairment. On multivariate analyses, advanced age (P < 0.001, OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.1) and depressive symptoms (P = 0.03, OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.005-1.1) were positively associated with cognitive impairment. Married marital status (P = 0.01, OR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-0.7) and higher education level (P < 0.001, OR = 0.1, 95%CI: 0.06-0.3) were negatively associated with cognitive impairment. After the confounders were controlled for, cognitive impairment was significantly associated with the lower psychological (F (11,412) = 6.3, P = 0.01) and social relationship domains of QOL (F (11,412) = 4.0, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment was found to be common in community-dwelling and nursing home resident older adults in Macao. Given cognitive impairment's negative impact on QOL, appropriate strategies should be implemented to improve access to treatment in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice O C Lam Nogueira
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China.,Macao Sino-Portuguese Nurses Association, Macao, China
| | - Lu Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Li-Rong Meng
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia, Marian Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenny C F Kuok
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Linda Tran
- Macao Sino-Portuguese Nurses Association, Macao, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Nowson CA, Service C, Appleton J, Grieger JA. The Impact of Dietary Factors on Indices of Chronic Disease in Older People: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:282-296. [PMID: 29380857 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There has been little evaluation of the evidence relating dietary factors to functional capacity in older adults. The aims were to i) conduct a systematic review of studies assessing dietary factors in relation to six key functional indicators which impact on quality of life in adults ≥65 yrs: non-fatal cardiovascular events, cognition, mental health, falls and fractures, physical health (muscle mass, strength) and frailty; and ii) assess if there was sufficient evidence to devise food-based dietary recommendations. DESIGN Systematic review. PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies were included together with intervention studies that evaluated food/drink interventions (excluding supplements). Evidence base statements were determined according to the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) levels of evidence criteria (Grades (A-excellent; B-good; C-satisfactory; D-poor). RESULTS There was good evidence that the Mediterranean type diet (MD) reduced the risk of non-fatal cardiovascular events (Grade B) and reduced cognitive decline (Grade B). There was some evidence indicating that a MD decreases the likelihood of frailty (Grade C), consistent but weaker evidence that ≥3 servings/d of vegetables is associated with reduced cognitive decline (Grade D), a modest increase in protein may be associated with improved cognition (Grade C) and decreased frailty (Grade C), and that protein plus resistance exercise training in frail elderly may enhance physical strength (Grade C). CONCLUSION It is recommended that older adults adopt the characteristics of a Mediterranean type diet such as including olive oil and eating ≥3 servings/d of vegetables to reduce their risk of chronic disease, impaired cognition and frailty. Consumption of dietary protein above the current dietary requirements would be recommended to reduce risk of frailty and impaired cognition. A modest increase in dietary protein when combined with resistance exercise would be recommended to help maintain muscle mass and strength and to enhance functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Nowson
- Caryl Nowson, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia,
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Vanoh D, Shahar S, Din NC, Omar A, Vyrn CA, Razali R, Ibrahim R, Hamid TA. Predictors of poor cognitive status among older Malaysian adults: baseline findings from the LRGS TUA cohort study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2017; 29:173-182. [PMID: 26980453 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-016-0553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concepts of successful aging (SA), usual aging (UA), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have been developed to identify older adults at high risk of Alzheimer's diseases (AD), however, the predictors have rarely been investigated in a single study. Thus, this study aims to explore the risk factors of MCI as compared to UA and SA among older adults, in a large community based cohort study in Malaysia. METHOD 1993 subjects from four states in Malaysia were recruited. A comprehensive interview-based questionnaire was administered to determine socio-demographic information, followed by assessments to evaluate cognitive function, functional status, dietary intake, lifestyle and psychosocial status. Risk factors of cognitive impairment were assessed using the ordinal logistic regression (OLR). RESULT The prevalence of SA, UA and MCI in this study was 11, 73 and 16 % respectively. OLR indicated that higher fasting blood sugar, hyperlipidemia, disability, lower education level, not regularly involved in technical based activities, limited use of modern technologies, lower intake of fruits and fresh fruit juices and not practicing calorie restriction were among the risk factors of poor cognitive performance in this study. CONCLUSION This study will be a stepping stone for future researchers to develop intervention strategies to prevent cognitive decline.
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Jiang X, Huang J, Song D, Deng R, Wei J, Zhang Z. Increased Consumption of Fruit and Vegetables Is Related to a Reduced Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Meta-Analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:18. [PMID: 28223933 PMCID: PMC5293796 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in many epidemiological studies. The purpose of this study was to assess the strength of this association in a meta-analysis. Methods: We identified relevant studies by searching Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases (from 1970 to January 2016). Study were included if they reported relative risks and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cognitive impairment and dementia with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Results: Nine studies (five cohort studies and four cross-sectional studies) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. There were a total of 31,104 participants and 4,583 incident cases of cognitive impairment and dementia. The meta-analysis showed that an increased consumption of fruit and vegetables was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.71–0.89). Subgroup analysis indicated this inverse association was only found among participants with mean age over 65 years and combined sexes. Dose–response meta-analysis showed that an increment of 100 g per day of fruit and vegetable consumption was related to an approximately 13% (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99) reduction in cognitive impairment and dementia risk. There was no potential publication bias in the meta-analysis and the dose–response meta-analysis. Conclusion: The increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jiang
- Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
| | - Daqiang Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
| | - Ru Deng
- Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
| | - Jicheng Wei
- Department of Anesthesia, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
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Social-Economic Status and Cognitive Performance among Chinese Aged 50 Years and Older. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166986. [PMID: 27861572 PMCID: PMC5115845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous population-based studies have suggested that socio-economic status (SES) is associated with cognitive performance, but few nationally representative epidemiological studies on cognitive performance with a large sample of older adults are available in China. And many studies explore the factors associated with cognitive performance, mainly focusing on individual level and more rarely on multiple levels that include the individual and community. Methods This study uses SAGE-China Wave 1 data which consisted of 13,157 adults aged 50 years and older to explore socioeconomic inequalities in the cognitive performance from a multilevel perspective (individual and community levels). The overall cognition score was based on the seven separate components of the cognition tests, including the four verbal recall trials, the verbal fluency test, the forward digit span test and the backward digit span test. Factor analysis was applied to evaluate and generate a single overall score. A two-level hierarchical linear model was used to evaluate the association between SES at these two levels and the overall cognition score adjusted for age, sex and marital status. Results At individual level, years of education was significantly associated with overall cognition score for both urban and rural dwellers. At the community level, a positive association was obtained between median household income and median years of education and overall cognition score among urban participants. Conclusion A significant association between SES at both individual-level and community-level (only for urban area) and cognitive performance were found in this study of a national sample of 13,157 Chinese aged 50 years and older, even after adjusting for demographic characteristics. Identifying community-based SES variables that are associated with cognitive performance in the older population provides further evidence for the need to address community characteristics associated with deprivation.
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Ma QP, Huang C, Cui QY, Yang DJ, Sun K, Chen X, Li XH. Meta-Analysis of the Association between Tea Intake and the Risk of Cognitive Disorders. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165861. [PMID: 27824892 PMCID: PMC5100989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder in elderly. This study was aimed to systematically evaluate the association between tea intake and the risk of cognitive disorders by meta-analysis. Methods and Findings PubMed, Embase and Wanfang databases were systematically searched and a total of 26 observational studies were included in this study. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and pooled by using fixed or random effects models according to the degree of heterogeneity. Results The overall pooled analysis indicated that tea intake could significantly reduce the risk of cognitive disorders (OR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.58–0.73). Subgroup analyses were conducted based on study design, population, frequency of tea drinking and type of cognitive disorders. The results showed that tea drinking was significantly associated with the reduced incidence of cognitive disorders in all of subgroups based on study design and frequency of tea drinking. In particular, tea drinking was inversely associated with the risk of cognitive impairment (CoI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), cognitive decline and ungrouped cognitive disorders. Moreover, for population subgroups, the significant association was only found in Chinese people. Conclusion Our study suggests that daily tea drinking is associated with decreased risk of CoI, MCI and cognitive decline in the elderly. However, the association between tea intake and Alzheimer’s disease remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ping Ma
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiao-Yun Cui
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ding-Jun Yang
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (XHL); (XC)
| | - Xing-Hui Li
- Tea Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (XHL); (XC)
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Chen TY, Chang HY. Developmental Patterns of Cognitive Function and Associated Factors among the Elderly in Taiwan. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33486. [PMID: 27633756 PMCID: PMC5025838 DOI: 10.1038/srep33486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has discussed the factors associated with cognitive impairment, but the patterns of its development have been little described. Our aim was to examine long-term development of cognitive function and the related factors using longitudinal follow-up data. A group-based trajectory model and multinomial logistic regression were applied to identify trajectories and the associated baseline factors, and a mixed model was used to identify the time-varying factors associated with the trajectories. Three trajectories were identified: starting low and declining (30.8%), starting high and declining (51.8%), and high-stable (17.4%). These three trajectories were apparent at the beginning of the study and did not crossover during the study period. Smoking, diabetes, depression, and instrumental activities of daily living were significant variables for differentiating the starting high and declining group from the high-stable group. Similar patterns and emotional support as a contributing variable were observed in the starting low and declining group. Physical activity, self-rated health, cardiovascular diseases, depression score, physical function, and social support were related to the trajectories over time. Impaired physical function, cardiovascular diseases, depression symptom, and poor social support in late life may be potential risk factors affecting the decline of cognitive function. Preventive strategies should be designed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Heath, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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