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Das SK, Sen K, Ghosh B, Ghosh N, Sinha K, Sil PC. Molecular mechanism of nanomaterials induced liver injury: A review. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:566-600. [PMID: 38689743 PMCID: PMC11056894 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i4.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique physicochemical properties inherent to nanoscale materials have unveiled numerous potential applications, spanning beyond the pharmaceutical and medical sectors into various consumer industries like food and cosmetics. Consequently, humans encounter nanomaterials through diverse exposure routes, giving rise to potential health considerations. Noteworthy among these materials are silica and specific metallic nanoparticles, extensively utilized in consumer products, which have garnered substantial attention due to their propensity to accumulate and induce adverse effects in the liver. This review paper aims to provide an exhaustive examination of the molecular mechanisms underpinning nanomaterial-induced hepatotoxicity, drawing insights from both in vitro and in vivo studies. Primarily, the most frequently observed manifestations of toxicity following the exposure of cells or animal models to various nanomaterials involve the initiation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, we delve into the existing in vitro models employed for evaluating the hepatotoxic effects of nanomaterials, emphasizing the persistent endeavors to advance and bolster the reliability of these models for nanotoxicology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Kumar Das
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507, India
| | - Koushik Sen
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507, India
| | - Biswatosh Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Nabanita Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata 700013, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507, India.
| | - Parames C Sil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Calcutta 700054, India
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2
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Zhou X, Medina-Ramirez IE, Su G, Liu Y, Yan B. All Roads Lead to Rome: Comparing Nanoparticle- and Small Molecule-Driven Cell Autophagy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2310966. [PMID: 38616767 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, vital for removing cellular waste, is triggered differently by small molecules and nanoparticles. Small molecules, like rapamycin, non-selectively activate autophagy by inhibiting the mTOR pathway, which is essential for cell regulation. This can clear damaged components but may cause cytotoxicity with prolonged use. Nanoparticles, however, induce autophagy, often causing oxidative stress, through broader cellular interactions and can lead to a targeted form known as "xenophagy." Their impact varies with their properties but can be harnessed therapeutically. In this review, the autophagy induced by nanoparticles is explored and small molecules across four dimensions: the mechanisms behind autophagy induction, the outcomes of such induction, the toxicological effects on cellular autophagy, and the therapeutic potential of employing autophagy triggered by nanoparticles or small molecules. Although small molecules and nanoparticles each induce autophagy through different pathways and lead to diverse effects, both represent invaluable tools in cell biology, nanomedicine, and drug discovery, offering unique insights and therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhou
- College of Science & Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Analysis and Control of Zoonotic Pathogenic Microorganism, Baoding, 071100, China
| | - Iliana E Medina-Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av Universidad 940, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 10024, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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3
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Belji Kangarlou M, Khavanin A, Nadri F, Goodarzi Z, Karami E, Rashidy-Pour A, Kiani M, Hashemi Habybabady R. Noise and silver nanoparticles induce hepatotoxicity via CYP450/NF-Kappa B 2 and p53 signaling pathways in a rat model. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:206-219. [PMID: 38358440 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241233317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Co-exposure to noise and nanomaterials, such as silver nanoparticles (Silver-NPs), is a common occurrence in today's industries. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to noise and the administration of silver-NPs on the liver tissue of rats. Thirty-six adult male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: a control group (administered saline intraperitoneally), two groups administered different doses of Silver-NPs (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, 5 days a week for 28 days), two groups exposed to noise in addition to Silver-NPs (at the same doses as mentioned before), and a group exposed only to noise (104 dB, 6 hours a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks). Blood samples were taken to assess hepatic-functional alterations, such as serum ALP, ALT, and AST levels. Additionally, biochemical parameters (MDA, GPX, and CAT) and the silver concentration in the liver were measured. Histopathological analysis, mRNA expression (P53 and NF-κB), protein expression (CYP450), and liver weight changes in rats were also documented. The study found that the administration of Silver-NPs and exposure to noise resulted in elevated levels of ALP, ALT, AST, and MDA (p < .01). Conversely, GPX and CAT levels decreased in all groups compared with the control group (p < .0001). There was a significant increase (p < .05) in liver weight and silver concentration in the liver tissues of groups administered Silver-NPs (50 mg/kg) plus noise exposure, Silver-NPs (100 mg/kg), and Silver-NPs (100 mg/kg) plus noise exposure, respectively. The expression rate of P53, NF-κB, and cytochromes P450 (CYPs-450) was increased in the experimental groups (p < .05). These findings were further confirmed by histopathological changes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that exposure to noise and the administration of Silver-NPs exacerbated liver damage by increasing protein and gene expression, causing hepatic necrosis, altering biochemical parameters, and affecting liver weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Belji Kangarlou
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khavanin
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Nadri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Goodarzi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Karami
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mehrafarin Kiani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Hashemi Habybabady
- Health Promotion Research Centre, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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4
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Dang Z, Ma X, Yang Z, Wen X, Zhao P. Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds Loaded with Metal-Based Nanoparticles for Wound Healing. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38201687 PMCID: PMC10780332 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Failures of wound healing have been a focus of research worldwide. With the continuous development of materials science, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds loaded with metal-based nanoparticles provide new ideas and methods for research into new tissue engineering materials due to their excellent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing abilities. In this review, the stages of extracellular matrix and wound healing, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds, metal-based nanoparticles, and metal-based nanoparticles supported by electrospun nanofiber scaffolds are reviewed, and their characteristics and applications are introduced. We discuss in detail the current research on wound healing of metal-based nanoparticles and electrospun nanofiber scaffolds loaded with metal-based nanoparticles, and we highlight the potential mechanisms and promising applications of these scaffolds for promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pengxiang Zhao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (Z.D.); (X.M.); (Z.Y.); (X.W.)
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Strużyńska L. Dual Implications of Nanosilver-Induced Autophagy: Nanotoxicity and Anti-Cancer Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15386. [PMID: 37895066 PMCID: PMC10607027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, efforts have been made to identify new anti-cancer therapies. Various types of nanomaterials, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are being considered as an option. In addition to its well-known antibacterial activity, AgNPs exhibit cytotoxic potential in both physiological and cancer cells by inducing stress-mediated autophagy and apoptotic cell death. A rapidly growing collection of data suggests that the proper regulation of autophagic machinery may provide an efficient tool for suppressing the development of cancer. In this light, AgNPs have emerged as a potential anti-cancer agent to support therapy of the disease. This review summarizes current data indicating the dual role of AgNP-induced autophagy and highlights factors that may influence its protective vs. its toxic potential. It also stresses that our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of autophagy machinery in cancer cells, as well as AgNP-triggered autophagy in both normal and diseased cells, remains insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Strużyńska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Pirmoradi L, Shojaei S, Ghavami S, Zarepour A, Zarrabi A. Autophagy and Biomaterials: A Brief Overview of the Impact of Autophagy in Biomaterial Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2284. [PMID: 37765253 PMCID: PMC10536801 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy), a tightly regulated physiological process that obliterates dysfunctional and damaged organelles and proteins, has a crucial role when biomaterials are applied for various purposes, including diagnosis, treatment, tissue engineering, and targeted drug delivery. The unparalleled physiochemical properties of nanomaterials make them a key component of medical strategies in different areas, such as osteogenesis, angiogenesis, neurodegenerative disease treatment, and cancer therapy. The application of implants and their modulatory effects on autophagy have been known in recent years. However, more studies are necessary to clarify the interactions and all the involved mechanisms. The advantages and disadvantages of nanomaterial-mediated autophagy need serious attention in both the biological and bioengineering fields. In this mini-review, the role of autophagy after biomaterial exploitation and the possible related mechanisms are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Pirmoradi
- Department of Medical Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 66177-13446, Iran;
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rolna 43, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye;
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye;
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Chen J, Zheng D, Cai Z, Zhong B, Zhang H, Pan Z, Ling X, Han Y, Meng J, Li H, Chen X, Zhang H, Liu L. Increased DNMT1 Involvement in the Activation of LO2 Cell Death Induced by Silver Nanoparticles via Promoting TFEB-Dependent Autophagy. TOXICS 2023; 11:751. [PMID: 37755761 PMCID: PMC10537645 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of exogenous silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) will terminally bring about liver injury, including cell death, where DNA methylation tends to be a crucial epigenetic modulator. The change in the cell autophagy level verified to be closely associated with hepatocyte death has been followed with wide interest. But the molecular toxicological mechanisms of AgNPs in relation to DNA methylation, autophagy, and cell death remain inconclusive. To address the issue above, in LO2 cells treated with increasing concentrations of AgNPs (0, 5, 10, and 20 μg/mL), a cell cytotoxicity assay was performed to analyze the level of cell death, which also helped to choose an optimal concentration for next experiments. An immunofluorescence assay was used to determine the autophagic flux as well as TFEB translocation, with qRT-PCR and western blot being used to analyze the expression level of autophagy-related genes and proteins. According to our findings, in the determination of cell viability, 20 μg/mL (AgNPs) was adopted as the best working concentration. LO2 cell death, autophagy, and TFEB nuclear translocation were induced by AgNPs, which could be inhibited by lysosome inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) or siRNA specific for TFEB. Moreover, AgNP exposure led to DNA hypermethylation, with DNMT1 taking part mainly, which could be obviously prevented by 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AzaC) or trichostatin A (TSA) treatment or DNMT1 knockout in LO2 cells. Our studies suggest that through TFEB-dependent cell autophagy, increased DNMT1 may facilitate cell death induced by AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China;
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Dongyan Zheng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Ziwei Cai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Bohuan Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Haiqiao Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhijie Pan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaoxuan Ling
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Yali Han
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Jinxue Meng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Huifang Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China;
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Linhua Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China;
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; (D.Z.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (H.Z.); (Z.P.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (J.M.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
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Li Q, Feng Y, Wang R, Liu R, Ba Y, Huang H. Recent insights into autophagy and metals/nanoparticles exposure. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:355-372. [PMID: 37398566 PMCID: PMC10313637 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Some anthropogenic pollutants, such as heavy metals and nanoparticles (NPs), are widely distributed and a major threat to environmental safety and public health. In particular, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) have systemic toxicity even at extremely low concentrations, so they are listed as priority metals in relation to their significant public health burden. Aluminum (Al) is also toxic to multiple organs and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. As the utilization of many metal nanoparticles (MNPs) gradually gain traction in industrial and medical applications, they are increasingly being investigated to address potential toxicity by impairing certain biological barriers. The dominant toxic mechanism of these metals and MNPs is the induction of oxidative stress, which subsequently triggers lipid peroxidation, protein modification, and DNA damage. Notably, a growing body of research has revealed the linkage between dysregulated autophagy and some diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Among them, some metals or metal mixtures can act as environmental stimuli and disturb basal autophagic activity, which has an underlying adverse health effect. Some studies also revealed that specific autophagy inhibitors or activators could modify the abnormal autophagic flux attributed to continuous exposure to metals. In this review, we have gathered recent data about the contribution of the autophagy/mitophagy mediated toxic effects and focused on the involvement of some key regulatory factors of autophagic signaling during exposure to selected metals, metal mixtures, as well as MNPs in the real world. Besides this, we summarized the potential significance of interactions between autophagy and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage in the regulation of cell survival response to metals/NPs. A critical view is given on the application of autophagy activators/inhibitors to modulate the systematic toxicity of various metals/MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajing Feng
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruike Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health and Environment and Health Innovation Team, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
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9
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Uzhytchak M, Smolková B, Lunova M, Frtús A, Jirsa M, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Lysosomal nanotoxicity: Impact of nanomedicines on lysosomal function. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114828. [PMID: 37075952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Although several nanomedicines got clinical approval over the past two decades, the clinical translation rate is relatively small so far. There are many post-surveillance withdrawals of nanomedicines caused by various safety issues. For successful clinical advancement of nanotechnology, it is of unmet need to realize cellular and molecular foundation of nanotoxicity. Current data suggest that lysosomal dysfunction caused by nanoparticles is emerging as the most common intracellular trigger of nanotoxicity. This review analyzes prospect mechanisms of lysosomal dysfunction-mediated toxicity induced by nanoparticles. We summarized and critically assessed adverse drug reactions of current clinically approved nanomedicines. Importantly, we show that physicochemical properties have great impact on nanoparticles interaction with cells, excretion route and kinetics, and subsequently on toxicity. We analyzed literature on adverse reactions of current nanomedicines and hypothesized that adverse reactions might be linked with lysosomal dysfunction caused by nanomedicines. Finally, from our analysis it becomes clear that it is unjustifiable to generalize safety and toxicity of nanoparticles, since different particles possess distinct toxicological properties. We propose that the biological mechanism of the disease progression and treatment should be central in the optimization of nanoparticle design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Uzhytchak
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Frtús
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic.
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10
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Soliman MI, Mohammed NS, EL-Sherbeny G, Safhi FA, ALshamrani SM, Alyamani AA, Alharthi B, Qahl SH, Al Kashgry NAT, Abd-Ellatif S, Ibrahim AA. Antibacterial, Antioxidant Activities, GC-Mass Characterization, and Cyto/Genotoxicity Effect of Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Latex of Cynanchum acutum L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:plants12010172. [PMID: 36616301 PMCID: PMC9823559 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles is receiving more attention these days since it is simple to use and prepare, uses fewer harsh chemicals and chemical reactions, and is environmentally benign. A novel strategy aims to recycle poisonous plant chemicals and use them as natural stabilizing capping agents for nanoparticles. In this investigation, silver nanoparticles loaded with latex from Cynanchum acutum L. (Cy-AgNPs) were examined using a transmission electron microscope, FT-IR spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy. Additionally, using Vicia faba as a model test plant, the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects of crude latex and various concentrations of Cy-AgNPs were studied. The majority of the particles were spherical in shape. The highest antioxidant activity using DPPH was illustrated for CAgNPs (25 mg/L) (70.26 ± 1.32%) and decreased with increased concentrations of Cy-AGNPs. Antibacterial activity for all treatments was determined showing that the highest antibacterial activity was for Cy-AgNPs (50 mg/L) with inhibition zone 24 ± 0.014 mm against Bacillus subtilis, 19 ± 0.12 mm against Escherichia coli, and 23 ± 0.015 against Staphylococcus aureus. For phytochemical analysis, the highest levels of secondary metabolites from phenolic content, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, were found in Cy-AgNPs (25 mg/L). Vicia faba treated with Cy-AgNPs- (25 mg/L) displayed the highest mitotic index (MI%) value of 9.08% compared to other Cy-AgNP concentrations (50-100 mg/L) and C. acutum crude latex concentrations (3%). To detect cytotoxicity, a variety of chromosomal abnormalities were used, including micronuclei at interphase, disturbed at metaphase and anaphase, chromosomal stickiness, bridges, and laggards. The concentration of Cy-AgNPs (25 mg/L) had the lowest level of chromosomal aberrations, with a value of 23.41% versus 20.81% for the control. Proteins from seeds treated with V. faba produced sixteen bands on SDS-PAGE, comprising ten monomorphic bands and six polymorphic bands, for a total percentage of polymorphism of 37.5%. Eight ISSR primers were employed to generate a total of 79 bands, 56 of which were polymorphic and 23 of which were common. Primer ISSR 14 has the highest level of polymorphism (92.86%), according to the data. Using biochemical SDS-PAGE and ISSR molecular markers, Cy-AgNPs (25 mg/L) showed the highest percentage of genomic template stability (GTS%), with values of 80% and 51.28%, respectively. The findings of this work suggest employing CyAgNPs (25 mg/L) in pharmaceutical purposes due to its highest content of bioactive compounds and lowest concentration of chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda I. Soliman
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nada S. Mohammed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ghada EL-Sherbeny
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Fatmah Ahmed Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amal A. Alyamani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Alharthi
- Department of Biology, College of Al Khurmah, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa H. Qahl
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Amin T. Al Kashgry
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sawsan Abd-Ellatif
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Ibrahim
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Al-Arish 45511, Egypt
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11
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Assar DH, Mokhbatly AAA, Ghazy EW, Elbialy ZI, Gaber AA, Hassan AA, Nabil A, Asa SA. Silver nanoparticles induced hepatoxicity via the apoptotic/antiapoptotic pathway with activation of TGFβ-1 and α-SMA triggered liver fibrosis in Sprague Dawley rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:80448-80465. [PMID: 35716303 PMCID: PMC9596550 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21388-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the extraordinary use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in medicinal purposes and the food industry, there is rising worry about potential hazards to human health and the environment. The existing study aims to assess the hepatotoxic effects of different dosages of AgNPs by evaluating hematobiochemical parameters, oxidative stress, liver morphological alterations, immunohistochemical staining, and gene expression to clarify the mechanism of AgNPs' hepatic toxic potential. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into control and three AgNPs intraperitoneally treated groups 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg b.w. daily for 15 and 30 days. AgNP exposure reduced body weight, caused haematological abnormalities, and enhanced hepatic oxidative and nitrosative stress with depletion of the hepatic GSH level. Serum hepatic injury biomarkers with pathological hepatic lesions where cholangiopathy emerges as the main hepatic alteration in a dosage- and duration-dependent manner were also elevated. Furthermore, immunohistochemical labelling of apoptotic markers demonstrated that Bcl-2 was significantly downregulated while caspase-3 was significantly upregulated. In conclusion, the hepatotoxic impact of AgNPs may be regulated by two mechanisms, implying the apoptotic/antiapoptotic pathway via raising BAX and inhibiting Bcl-2 expression levels in a dose-dependent manner. The TGF-β1 and α-SMA pathway which triggered fibrosis with incorporation of iNOS which consequently activates the inflammatory process were also elevated. To our knowledge, there has been no prior report on the experimental administration of AgNPs in three different dosages for short and long durations in rats with the assessment of Bcl-2, BAX, iNOS, TGF-β1, and α-SMA gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa H. Assar
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Abd-Allah A. Mokhbatly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Emad W. Ghazy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Zizy I. Elbialy
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Gaber
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Ayman A. Hassan
- High Technological Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Egypt Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Sherbin, El Mansora Egypt
| | - Ahmed Nabil
- Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Egypt Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Sherbin, El Mansora Egypt
| | - Samah Abou Asa
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
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12
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Zhou X, Jin W, Sun H, Li C, Jia J. Perturbation of autophagy: An intrinsic toxicity mechanism of nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153629. [PMID: 35131247 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used for various purposes due to their unique physicochemical properties. Such widespread applications greatly increase the possibility of human exposure to NPs in various ways. Once entering the human body, NPs may interfere with cellular homeostasis and thus affect the physiological system. As a result, it is necessary to evaluate the potential disturbance of NPs to multiple cell functions, including autophagy. Autophagy is an important cell function to maintain cellular homeostasis, and minimizing the disturbance caused by NP exposures to autophagy is critical to nanosafety. Herein, we summarized the recent research progress in nanotoxicity with particular focuses on the perturbation of NPs to cell autophagy. The basic processes of autophagy and complex relationships between autophagy and major human diseases were further discussed to emphasize the importance of keeping autophagy under control. Moreover, the most recent advances on perturbation of different types of NPs to autophagy were also reviewed. Last but not least, we also discussed major research challenges and potential coping strategies and proposed a safe-by-design strategy towards safer applications of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhou
- College of Science & Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Huanghua 061100, China
| | - Weitao Jin
- College of Science & Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Huanghua 061100, China
| | - Hainan Sun
- Shandong Vocational College of Light Industry, Zibo 255300, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jianbo Jia
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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13
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Tripathi N, Goshisht MK. Recent Advances and Mechanistic Insights into Antibacterial Activity, Antibiofilm Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1391-1463. [PMID: 35358388 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The substantial increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria is a major threat to global health. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported possibilities of greater deaths due to bacterial infections than cancer. Nanomaterials, especially small-sized (size ≤10 nm) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), can be employed to combat these deadly bacterial diseases. However, high reactivity, instability, susceptibility to fast oxidation, and cytotoxicity remain crucial shortcomings for their uptake and clinical application. In this review, we discuss various AgNPs-based approaches to eradicate bacterial infections and provide comprehensive mechanistic insights and recent advances in antibacterial activity, antibiofilm activity, and cytotoxicity (both in vitro and in vivo) of AgNPs. The mechanistic of antimicrobial activity involves four steps: (i) adhesion of AgNPs to cell wall/membrane and its disruption; (ii) intracellular penetration and damage; (iii) oxidative stress; and (iv) modulation of signal transduction pathways. Numerous factors affecting the bactericidal activity of AgNPs such as shape, size, crystallinity, pH, and surface coating/charge have also been described in detail. The review also sheds light on antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the role of AgNPs versus Ag+ ions release in bactericidal activities. In addition, different methods of synthesis of AgNPs have been discussed in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Goshisht
- Department of Chemistry, Government Naveen College Tokapal, Bastar, Chhattisgarh 494442, India
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14
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Gao X, Li R, Yourick JJ, Sprando RL. Transcriptomic and proteomic responses of silver nanoparticles in hepatocyte-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 79:105274. [PMID: 34798274 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been increasingly used in a variety of consumer products over the last decades. However, their potential adverse effects have not been fully understood. In a previous study, we characterized transcriptomic changes in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) in response to AgNP exposure. Here, we report findings of a follow-up proteomic study that evaluated alternations at the protein level in the same cell after being exposed to 10 μg/ml AgNPs for 24 h. In total, 6287 proteins were identified across two groups of samples (n = 3). Among these proteins, 665 were found to be differentially regulated (fold change ≥1.25, p < 0.01) between the AgNP-treated group and the untreated control group, including 264 upregulated and 401 downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis of the proteomics data, in side-by-side comparison to the transcriptomics data, confirms and substantiates previous findings on AgNP-induced alterations in metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and potential association with cancer. A mechanism of action was proposed based on these results. Collectively, the findings of the current proteomic study are consistent with those of the previous transcriptomic study and further demonstrate the usefulness of iPSC-derived HLCs as an in vitro model for liver nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiugong Gao
- Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
| | - Rong Li
- Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Yourick
- Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Robert L Sprando
- Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
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15
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An X, Liu L, Schaefer M, Yan B, Scholz C, Hillmer S, Wang K, Luo Y, Ji H, Gladkich J, Herr I. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Prevents Side Effects of Therapeutic Nanosilver without Compromising Cytotoxicity in Experimental Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4770. [PMID: 34638256 PMCID: PMC8507678 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted attention in cancer therapy and might support the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Silver is in clinical use in wound dressings, catheters, stents and implants. However, the side effects of systemic AgNP treatment due to silver accumulation limit its therapeutic application. We evaluated whether the antioxidant and natural agent α-lipoic acid might prevent these side effects. We synthesized AgNPs using an Ionic-Pulser® Pro silver generator and determined the concentration by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The effect of α-lipoic acid was examined in four PDAC and two nonmalignant cell lines by MTT, FACS analysis, TEM, xenotransplantation and immunohistochemistry. The viability of PDAC cells was nearly totally abolished by AgNP treatment, whereas nonmalignant cells largely resisted. α-Lipoic acid prevented AgNP-induced cytotoxicity in nonmalignant cells but not in PDAC cells, which might be due to the higher sensitivity of malignant cells to silver-induced cytotoxicity. α-Lipoic acid protected mitochondria from AgNP-induced damage and led to precipitation of AgNPs. AgNPs reduced the growth of tumor xenografts, and cotreatment with α-lipoic acid protected chick embryos from AgNP-induced liver damage. Together, α-lipoic acid strongly reduced AgNP-induced side effects without weakening the therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng An
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Li Liu
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Christian Scholz
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Stefan Hillmer
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Kangtao Wang
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Yiqiao Luo
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Huihui Ji
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Jury Gladkich
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Ingrid Herr
- Department of General, Visceral & Transplant Surgery, Molecular OncoSurgery, Section Surgical Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.A.); (L.L.); (M.S.); (B.Y.); (K.W.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.G.)
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16
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Hou J, Zhao L, Tang H, He X, Ye G, Shi F, Kang M, Chen H, Li Y. Silver Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Injuries Mediated Autophagy in HC11 Cells Through Akt/AMPK/mTOR Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1062-1073. [PMID: 32666434 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industrial products, and they have good antibacterial properties, with potential for prevention and treatment of cow mastitis. However, concerns exist about the cytotoxicity of AgNPs. Thus, we have studied the role of autophagy in AgNP-induced cytotoxicity in mouse HC11 mammary epithelium cells. We found that AgNPs injured HC11 cells, with release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). AgNPs also induced autophagy in HC11 cells, which was associated with oxidative stress, as indicated by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased expression of hemoxygenase-1(HO-1) and Nrf2. Mitochondria were altered by AgNPs: mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was decreased and the expression of PINK1 and Parkin was increased. AgNPs also increased the expression of p-AMPK and decreased the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR. The addition of 3-methyl adenine inhibited autophagy and enhanced the cytotoxicity of AgNPs, indicating that autophagy is protective against AgNP-induced cell death. In summary, AgNPs induced protective autophagy in HC11 cells via the Akt/AMPK/mTOR pathway, associated with cellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial alterations. Our research confirms that AgNPs may damage the breast tissue in clinical applications and should be used with caution. Further research is necessary to clarify whether the damage caused by AgNPs will affect the lactation function of the mammary glands and possible residues in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Helin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinglun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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17
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Feng X, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Lai X, Zhang Y, Wu J, Hu C, Shao L. Nanomaterial-mediated autophagy: coexisting hazard and health benefits in biomedicine. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:53. [PMID: 33066795 PMCID: PMC7565835 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread biomedical applications of nanomaterials (NMs) bring about increased human exposure risk due to their unique physicochemical properties. Autophagy, which is of great importance for regulating the physiological or pathological activities of the body, has been reported to play a key role in NM-driven biological effects both in vivo and in vitro. The coexisting hazard and health benefits of NM-mediated autophagy in biomedicine are nonnegligible and require our particular concerns. MAIN BODY We collected research on the toxic effects related to NM-mediated autophagy both in vivo and in vitro. Generally, NMs can be delivered into animal models through different administration routes, or internalized by cells through different uptake pathways, exerting varying degrees of damage in tissues, organs, cells, and organelles, eventually being deposited in or excreted from the body. In addition, other biological effects of NMs, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been associated with autophagy and cooperate to regulate body activities. We therefore highlight that NM-mediated autophagy serves as a double-edged sword, which could be utilized in the treatment of certain diseases related to autophagy dysfunction, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular disease. Challenges and suggestions for further investigations of NM-mediated autophagy are proposed with the purpose to improve their biosafety evaluation and facilitate their wide application. Databases such as PubMed and Web of Science were utilized to search for relevant literature, which included all published, Epub ahead of print, in-process, and non-indexed citations. CONCLUSION In this review, we focus on the dual effect of NM-mediated autophagy in the biomedical field. It has become a trend to use the benefits of NM-mediated autophagy to treat clinical diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of NM-mediated autophagy in biomedicine is also helpful for reducing the toxic effects of NMs as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Feng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Orthodontic Department, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xuan Lai
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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18
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A Low Dose of Nanoparticulate Silver Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Autophagy in Adult Rat Brain. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:650-664. [PMID: 32588355 PMCID: PMC7467969 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extensive incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into many medical and consumer products has raised concerns about biosafety. Since nanosilver accumulates persistently in the central nervous system, it is important to assess its neurotoxic impacts. We investigated a model of prolonged exposure of adult rats to a low environmentally relevant dose of AgNPs (0.2 mg/kg b.w.). Ultrastructural analysis revealed pathological alterations in mitochondria such as swelling and cristolysis. Besides, elongated forms of mitochondria were present. Level of adenosine triphosphate was not altered after exposure, although a partial drop of mitochondrial membrane potential was noted. Induction of autophagy with only early autophagic forms was observed in AgNP-exposed rat brains as evidenced by ultrastructural markers. Increased expression of two protein markers of autophagy, beclin 1 and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP LC3-II), was observed, indicating induction of autophagy. Expression of lysosome-related Rab 7 protein and cathepsin B did not change, suggesting inhibition of physiological flux of autophagy. Our results show that exposure to a low, environmentally relevant dose of AgNPs leads to induction of autophagy in adult rat brain in response to partial mitochondrial dysfunction and to simultaneous interfering with an autophagic pathway. The cell compensates for the defective autophagy mechanism via development of enhanced mitochondrial biodynamic.
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19
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Wang Z, Li Q, Xu L, Ma J, Wei B, An Z, Wu W, Liu S. Silver nanoparticles compromise the development of mouse pubertal mammary glands through disrupting internal estrogen signaling. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:740-756. [PMID: 32401081 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1755470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on the environmental health and safety (EHS) of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), most studies looked into their gross toxicities with rather limited understanding on their labyrinthine implicit effects on the target sites, such as the endocrine system. Burgeoning evidence documents the disrupting effects of AgNPs on endocrine functions; however, little research has been invested to recognize the potential impacts on the mammary gland, a susceptible estrogen-responsive organ. Under this setting, we here aimed to scrutinize AgNP-induced effects on the development of pubertal mammary glands at various concentrations that bear significant EHS relevance. We unearthed that AgNPs could accumulate in mouse mammary glands and result in a decrease in the percentage of ducts and terminal ducts in the adult mice after chronic exposure. Strikingly, smaller sized AgNPs showed greater capability to alter the pubertal mammary development than larger sized particles. Intriguingly, mechanistic investigation revealed that the reduction of epithelial proliferation in response to AgNPs was ascribed to reduced ERα expression, which, at least partially, accounted for diseased epithelial morphology in mammary glands. Meanwhile, the decline in fibrous collagen deposition around the epithelium was found to contribute to the compromised development of mammary glands under the exposure of AgNPs. Moreover, as an extension of the mechanism, AgNPs diminished serum levels of estradiol in exposed animals. Together, these results uncovered a novel toxicity feature of AgNPs: compromised development of mouse pubertal mammary glands through the endocrine-disrupting actions. This study would open a new avenue to unveil the EHS impacts of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Qingqing Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Lining Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,School of Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,School of Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bing Wei
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Zhen An
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,School of Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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20
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Chen RJ, Chen YY, Liao MY, Lee YH, Chen ZY, Yan SJ, Yeh YL, Yang LX, Lee YL, Wu YH, Wang YJ. The Current Understanding of Autophagy in Nanomaterial Toxicity and Its Implementation in Safety Assessment-Related Alternative Testing Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2387. [PMID: 32235610 PMCID: PMC7177614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has rapidly promoted the development of a new generation of industrial and commercial products; however, it has also raised some concerns about human health and safety. To evaluate the toxicity of the great diversity of nanomaterials (NMs) in the traditional manner, a tremendous number of safety assessments and a very large number of animals would be required. For this reason, it is necessary to consider the use of alternative testing strategies or methods that reduce, refine, or replace (3Rs) the use of animals for assessing the toxicity of NMs. Autophagy is considered an early indicator of NM interactions with cells and has been recently recognized as an important form of cell death in nanoparticle-induced toxicity. Impairment of autophagy is related to the accelerated pathogenesis of diseases. By using mechanism-based high-throughput screening in vitro, we can predict the NMs that may lead to the generation of disease outcomes in vivo. Thus, a tiered testing strategy is suggested that includes a set of standardized assays in relevant human cell lines followed by critical validation studies carried out in animals or whole organism models such as C. elegans (Caenorhabditis elegans), zebrafish (Danio rerio), and Drosophila (Drosophila melanogaster)for improved screening of NM safety. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which NMs perturb biological systems, including autophagy induction, is critical for a more comprehensive elucidation of nanotoxicity. A more profound understanding of toxicity mechanisms will also facilitate the development of prevention and intervention policies against adverse outcomes induced by NMs. The development of a tiered testing strategy for NM hazard assessment not only promotes a more widespread adoption of non-rodent or 3R principles but also makes nanotoxicology testing more ethical, relevant, and cost- and time-efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jane Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.Y.)
| | - Mei-Yi Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 651, Taiwan;
| | - Zi-Yu Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.Y.)
| | - Shian-Jang Yan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Ling Yeh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.Y.)
| | - Li-Xing Yang
- Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Ling Lee
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tainan Hospital of Health and Welfare, Tainan 700, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Hua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Guo L, He N, Zhao Y, Liu T, Deng Y. Autophagy Modulated by Inorganic Nanomaterials. Theranostics 2020; 10:3206-3222. [PMID: 32194863 PMCID: PMC7053187 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, inorganic nanomaterials (NMs) have been widely applied in modern society. As human exposure to inorganic NMs is inevitable, comprehensive assessment of the safety of inorganic NMs is required. It is well known that autophagy plays dual roles in cell survival and cell death. Moreover, inorganic NMs have been proven to induce autophagy perturbation in cells. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of inorganic NMs-modulated autophagy is required for the safety assessment of inorganic NMs. This review presents an overview of a set of inorganic NMs, consisting of iron oxide NMs, silver NMs, gold NMs, carbon-based NMs, silica NMs, quantum dots, rare earth oxide NMs, zinc oxide NMs, alumina NMs, and titanium dioxide NMs, as well as how each modulates autophagy. This review emphasizes the potential mechanisms underlying NMs-induced autophagy perturbation, as well as the role of autophagy perturbation in cell fate determination. Furthermore, we also briefly review the potential roles of inorganic NMs-modulated autophagy in diagnosis and treatment of disease.
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Engin AB, Engin A. Nanoantibiotics: A Novel Rational Approach to Antibiotic Resistant Infections. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:720-741. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190806142835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background:The main drawbacks for using conventional antimicrobial agents are the development of multiple drug resistance due to the use of high concentrations of antibiotics for extended periods. This vicious cycle often generates complications of persistent infections, and intolerable antibiotic toxicity. The problem is that while all new discovered antimicrobials are effective and promising, they remain as only short-term solutions to the overall challenge of drug-resistant bacteria.Objective:Recently, nanoantibiotics (nAbts) have been of tremendous interest in overcoming the drug resistance developed by several pathogenic microorganisms against most of the commonly used antibiotics. Compared with free antibiotic at the same concentration, drug delivered via a nanoparticle carrier has a much more prominent inhibitory effect on bacterial growth, and drug toxicity, along with prolonged drug release. Additionally, multiple drugs or antimicrobials can be packaged within the same smart polymer which can be designed with stimuli-responsive linkers. These stimuli-responsive nAbts open up the possibility of creating multipurpose and targeted antimicrobials. Biofilm formation still remains the leading cause of conventional antibiotic treatment failure. In contrast to conventional antibiotics nAbts easily penetrate into the biofilm, and selectively target biofilm matrix constituents through the introduction of bacteria specific ligands. In this context, various nanoparticles can be stabilized and functionalized with conventional antibiotics. These composites have a largely enhanced bactericidal efficiency compared to the free antibiotic.Conclusion:Nanoparticle-based carriers deliver antibiotics with better biofilm penetration and lower toxicity, thus combating bacterial resistance. However, the successful adaptation of nanoformulations to clinical practice involves a detailed assessment of their safety profiles and potential immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Pulmonary and hepatic effects after low dose exposure to nanosilver: Early and long-lasting histological and ultrastructural alterations in rat. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:1047-1060. [PMID: 31673507 PMCID: PMC6816130 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Low AgNPs dose caused in vivo toxic effects both at portal entry and distant organ. Lung and liver tissues were damaged in Nanosilver-instilled rat. Early and long-lasting histological and ultrastructural alterations were detected. Overall pulmonary injury was more striking compared to hepatic outcomes.
Although environmental airborne silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) levels in occupational and environmental settings are harmful to humans, the precise toxic effects at the portal entry of exposure and after translocation to distant organs are still to be deeply clarified. To this aim, the present study assessed histopathological and ultrastructural alterations (by means of H&E and TEM, respectively) in rat lung and liver, 7 and 28 days after a single intratracheal instillation (i.t) of a low AgNP dose (50 microg/rat), compared to those induced by an equivalent dose of ionic silver (7 microg AgNO3/rat). Lung parenchyma injury was observed acutely after either AgNPs or AgNO3, with the latter compound causing more pronounced effects. Specifically, alveolar collapse accompanied by inflammatory alterations and parenchymal fibrosis were revealed. These effects lasted until the 28th day, a partial pulmonary structure recovery occurred, nevertheless a persistence of slight inflammatory/fibrotic response and apoptotic phenomena were still detected after AgNPs and AgNO3, respectively. Concerning the liver, a diffuse hepatocyte injury was observed, characterized by cytoplasmic damage and dilation of sinusoids, engulfed by degraded material, paralleled by inflammation onset. These effects already detectable at day 7, persisting at the 28th day with some attenuations, were more marked after AgNO3 compared to AgNPs, with the latter able to induce a ductular reaction. Altogether the present findings indicate toxic effects induced by AgNPs both at the portal entry (i.e. lung) and distant tissue (i.e. liver), although the overall pulmonary damage were more striking compared to the hepatic outcomes.
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Abd El-Maksoud EM, Lebda MA, Hashem AE, Taha NM, Kamel MA. Ginkgo biloba mitigates silver nanoparticles-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats via improvement of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant status. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25844-25854. [PMID: 31267406 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are noble metal nanoparticles, due to their good physicochemical properties, which have been exploited in biological applications. Nanotechnological applications advance very quickly while few literatures assessed the effects of natural products on the risks of nanoparticles in vivo. Thirty male adult rats were enrolled equally into: control, AgNPs (50 mg/kg b.w i.p 3 times/week) and GBE (100 mg/kg b.w daily per os)+AgNPs. After 30 days, the assessment of liver function, antioxidative status, mitochondrial biogenesis, and histopathological analyses were performed. AgNP exposure enhanced the hepatic lipid peroxidation (+ 281.7%) along with a decline in the reduced glutathione (- 58.3%) levels. The apparent hepatic oxidative damage was associated with obvious hepatic dysfunction that was ascertained by alteration of serum liver enzymatic biomarkers, lipid profile, and pathological hepatic lesions. Following AgNP exposure, hepatic silver and calcium contents were increased without changes in the trace element concentrations. Finally, the mRNA transcripts of hepatic PGC-1α, mtTFA, and Nrf2 were downregulated after AgNP exposure. Interestingly, GBE has the ability to alleviate AgNP-induced hepatic damage assessed by augmentation of reduced glutathione level and mitochondrial biogenesis. This study explored the potential protective role of GBE on AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity via attenuation of oxidative stress, substantial enhancement of cell viability with concomitant mitigating DNA damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Abd El-Maksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Lebda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Aml E Hashem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nabil M Taha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher A Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abdel-Magied N, Elkady AA. Possible curative role of curcumin and silymarin against nephrotoxicity induced by gamma-rays in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 111:104299. [PMID: 31442446 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) and silymarin (SLM) are powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds with beneficial protective effects against renal diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CUR and SLM alone or in combination on radiation (IR) induced kidney injury. The results showed that CUR and SLM alone or in combination attenuated the oxidative stress denoted by a reduction in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) along with a marked increase of glutathione GSH content and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Additionally, a significant decrease in the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, Cystatin-C (CYT-C), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (N-GAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (Kim-1) was recorded. Moreover, the treatment resulted in a remarkable decline in the serum levels of interleukin-18(IL-18), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α), C reactive protein (CRP), BCL2 associated X protein (Bax), Factor-related Apoptosis (FAS) and the activity of Caspase-3 associated by an increase of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) level. The results were confirmed with the histopathological examination. Kidney of irradiated showed glomerular atrophy, massive necrotic changes of expanded tubules with hyaline cast inside some tubules and apoptotic changes were recorded in some renal tubules. While irradiated rats treated with CUR and SLM exhibited marked preservation of the cellular structure of their kidney tissue. In conclusion, the combination of CUR and SLM could be more potent than a single agent on the biochemical and histological changes of the irradiated rat renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Abdel-Magied
- Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Elkady
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
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26
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Li L, Li L, Zhou X, Yu Y, Li Z, Zuo D, Wu Y. Silver nanoparticles induce protective autophagy via Ca 2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway in SH-SY5Y cells and rat brains. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:369-391. [PMID: 30729847 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1550226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for manufacturing products containing antibacterial agents, as well as food technologies such as edible films and food packaging. Routes of AgNPs exposure are principally derived by contacting with certain medical sprays, food, toothpaste, and purification products. Previously, we showed that AgNPs induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and promote apoptosis progression in SH-SY5Y cells; however, whether AgNP-induced ER stress is able to trigger autophagy in vivo and in vitro, and the role of autophagy in AgNP-induced cytotoxicity remain unclear. In the present study, we found that increased intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels arising from AgNP-induced-ER stress resulted in activation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which downregulated the level of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and upregulated Beclin-1 to activate autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells. Specifically, inhibition of autophagy by the addition of chloroquine (CQ) or silencing of Beclin-1 significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of AgNPs, suggesting that autophagy plays a protective role in AgNP-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we showed that oral administration of AgNPs for 28 continuous days induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in rats via activation of CaMKKβ and AMPK. In summary, this study is the first to report that AgNPs induce protective autophagy via a Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, public exposure to AgNPs should arouse concerns regarding environmental safety and human health. Highlight Silver nanoparticle-induced ER stress elicits protective autophagy via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism in SH-SY5Y cells. The Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway is involved in autophagy. Orally administered silver nanoparticles induce ER stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China.,b Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Lu Li
- c Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital) , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Zhou
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
| | - Yang Yu
- d Liaoning Medical Device Test Institute , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R.China
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Liao C, Li Y, Tjong SC. Bactericidal and Cytotoxic Properties of Silver Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E449. [PMID: 30669621 PMCID: PMC6359645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be synthesized from a variety of techniques including physical, chemical and biological routes. They have been widely used as nanomaterials for manufacturing cosmetic and healthcare products, antimicrobial textiles, wound dressings, antitumor drug carriers, etc. due to their excellent antimicrobial properties. Accordingly, AgNPs have gained access into our daily life, and the inevitable human exposure to these nanoparticles has raised concerns about their potential hazards to the environment, health, and safety in recent years. From in vitro cell cultivation tests, AgNPs have been reported to be toxic to several human cell lines including human bronchial epithelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, red blood cells, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, immortal human keratinocytes, liver cells, etc. AgNPs induce a dose-, size- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, particularly for those with sizes ≤10 nm. Furthermore, AgNPs can cross the brain blood barrier of mice through the circulation system on the basis of in vivo animal tests. AgNPs tend to accumulate in mice organs such as liver, spleen, kidney and brain following intravenous, intraperitoneal, and intratracheal routes of administration. In this respect, AgNPs are considered a double-edged sword that can eliminate microorganisms but induce cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. This article provides a state-of-the-art review on the synthesis of AgNPs, and their applications in antimicrobial textile fabrics, food packaging films, and wound dressings. Particular attention is paid to the bactericidal activity and cytotoxic effect in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhu Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Sie Chin Tjong
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Pantic I, Sarenac D, Cetkovic M, Milisavljevic M, Rakocevic R, Kasas S. Silver Nanomaterials in Contemporary Molecular Physiology Research. Curr Med Chem 2018; 27:411-422. [PMID: 30027845 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180719110432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have numerous potential applications in engineering, industry, biology and medicine. Because of their unique chemical properties, they have become the focus of many research teams all over the world. Silver nanoparticles may exhibit significant antimicrobial and anticancer effects, and they may be a valuable part of various bioassays and biosensors. However, the research on biological and medical uses of AgNPs is related with numerous potential problems and challenges that need to be overcome in the years ahead. Possible toxic effects of silver nanoparticles on living organisms represent a great concern, both in clinical medicine and public health. Nevertheless, in the future, it may be expected that all metallic nanomaterials, including the ones made from silver will greatly benefit almost all natural scientific fields. In this short review, we focus on the recent research on silver nanoparticles in experimental physiology, as well as other areas of fundamental and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pantic
- Institute of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology, Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Haifa, 199 Abba Hushi Blvd. Mount Carmel, Haifa IL-3498838, Israel
| | - David Sarenac
- Institute of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology, Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mila Cetkovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Milisavljevic
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rastko Rakocevic
- Institute of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physiology, Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/II, RS-11129, Belgrade, Serbia.,Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, United States
| | - Sandor Kasas
- Ecole polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL-IPSB-LPMV, BSP/Cubotron 414, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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29
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A Current Overview of the Biological and Cellular Effects of Nanosilver. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072030. [PMID: 30002330 PMCID: PMC6073671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosilver plays an important role in nanoscience and nanotechnology, and is becoming increasingly used for applications in nanomedicine. Nanosilver ranges from 1 to 100 nanometers in diameter. Smaller particles more readily enter cells and interact with the cellular components. The exposure dose, particle size, coating, and aggregation state of the nanosilver, as well as the cell type or organism on which it is tested, are all large determining factors on the effect and potential toxicity of nanosilver. A high exposure dose to nanosilver alters the cellular stress responses and initiates cascades of signalling that can eventually trigger organelle autophagy and apoptosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the effects of nanosilver on cellular metabolic function and response to stress. Both the causative effects of nanosilver on oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and hypoxic stress—as well as the effects of nanosilver on the responses to such stresses—are outlined. The interactions and effects of nanosilver on cellular uptake, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species), inflammation, hypoxic response, mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function and the unfolded protein response, autophagy and apoptosis, angiogenesis, epigenetics, genotoxicity, and cancer development and tumorigenesis—as well as other pathway alterations—are examined in this review.
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30
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Mata R, Nakkala JR, Chandra VK, Raja K, Sadras SR. In vivo bio-distribution, clearance and toxicity assessment of biogenic silver and gold nanoparticles synthesized from Abutilon indicum in Wistar rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 48:157-165. [PMID: 29773174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the bio-distribution and clearance of Abutilon indicum silver and gold nanoparticles (AIAgNPs and AIAuNPs) in Wistar rats. Rats in different groups were orally administered with 5 and 10 mg/Kg BW of AIAgNPs and AIAuNPs (size 1-25 nm) for 28 days and few were maintained until 58 days of washout period. Serum biochemical parameters were not changed significantly at both doses of AIAuNPs and at lower concentration of AIAgNPs. But, with 10 mg/Kg BW of AIAgNPs rats showed elevated levels of AST, ALP and ALT on day 29, however, these levels were restored to normal after washout period. Liver oxidative stress markers were not altered with the treatment of AIAgNPs and AIAuNPs. ICP-OES analysis indicated bio-distribution of Ag and Au more in liver, kidney and spleen on day 29 and was found cleared on day 59. Histological analysis of nine vital organs indicated normal tissue architecture at both doses of AIAuNPs and lower dose of AIAgNPs. While the rats treated with higher dose of AIAgNPs showed mild liver sinusoid cell swelling on day 29, which also was recovered on day 59. Findings of this preclinical study indicate biocompatible nature of biogenic nanoparticles supporting their future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Mata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Jayachandra Reddy Nakkala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Varshney Khub Chandra
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi College of Veterinary Education and Research (RGCVER), Puducherry, 605 009, India
| | - Kumar Raja
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi College of Veterinary Education and Research (RGCVER), Puducherry, 605 009, India
| | - Sudha Rani Sadras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Fan J, Wang S, Zhang X, Chen W, Li Y, Yang P, Cao Z, Wang Y, Lu W, Ju D. Quantum Dots Elicit Hepatotoxicity through Lysosome-Dependent Autophagy Activation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1418-1427. [PMID: 33418671 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Fan
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Shaofei Wang
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xuyao Zhang
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Li
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy and Key Lab of Smart Drug Delivery MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Zhu L, Guo D, Sun L, Huang Z, Zhang X, Ma W, Wu J, Xiao L, Zhao Y, Gu N. Activation of autophagy by elevated reactive oxygen species rather than released silver ions promotes cytotoxicity of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles in hematopoietic cells. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5489-5498. [PMID: 28401217 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08188f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most commonly used engineered nanomaterials in commercialized products because of their antimicrobial activity. Previously, we have shown that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNPs have an anti-leukemia effect against human myeloid leukemia cells; however, whether AgNPs are able to trigger autophagy in normal hematopoietic cells and the role of autophagy in AgNP-induced cytotoxicity remain unclear. In the current study, we observed that AgNPs were taken up by murine pro-B cells (Ba/F3), and then promoted accumulation of autophagosomes, which resulted from the induction of autophagy rather than the blockade of autophagic flux. AgNPs induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner accompanied by apoptosis and DNA damage through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of silver ions. The ROS-mediated mTOR signaling pathway was responsible for the induction of autophagy. More importantly, the inhibition of autophagy with the addition of 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or silencing of Atg5 significantly attenuated the cytotoxicity of AgNPs in Ba/F3. These findings suggest that autophagy is involved in the cytotoxicity of PVP-coated AgNPs in normal hematopoietic cells, and the inhibition of autophagy is a novel and potent strategy to protect normal hematopoietic cells upon treatment with AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
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Zhu S, Zhang J, Zhang L, Ma W, Man N, Liu Y, Zhou W, Lin J, Wei P, Jin P, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Gu E, Lu X, Yang Z, Liu X, Bai L, Wen L. Inhibition of Kupffer Cell Autophagy Abrogates Nanoparticle-Induced Liver Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28233941 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The possible adverse effects of engineered nanomaterials on human health raise increasing concern as our research on nanosafety intensifies. Upon entry into a human body, whether intended for a theranostic purpose or through unintended exposure, nanomaterials tend to accumulate in the liver, leading to hepatic damage. A variety of nanoparticles, including rare earth upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs), have been reported to elicit hepatotoxicity, in most cases through inducing immune response or activating reactive oxygen species. Many of these nanoparticles also induce autophagy, and autophagy inhibition has been shown to decrease UCN-induced liver damage. Herein, using UCNs as a model engineered nanomaterial, this study uncovers a critical role for Kupffer cells in nanomaterial-induced liver toxicity, as depletion of Kupffer cells significantly exacerbates UCN-induced liver injury. Furthermore, UCN-induced prodeath autophagy in Kupffer cells, and inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA, a well-established chemical inhibitor of autophagy, enhances Kupffer cell survival and further abrogates UCN-induced liver toxicity. The results reveal the critical importance of Kupffer cell autophagy for nanoparticle-induced liver damage, and inhibition of autophagy may constitute a novel strategy for abrogating nanomaterial-elicited liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute of Urology; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Wentao Ma
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Na Man
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Yiming Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei Anhui 230009 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Peipei Jin
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Yi Hu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Erwei Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Xianfu Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Zhilai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; Anhui Medical University; Hefei Anhui 230022 China
| | - Li Bai
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Longping Wen
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease; School of Life Sciences; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230027 China
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Zhang JQ, Zhou W, Zhu SS, Lin J, Wei PF, Li FF, Jin PP, Yao H, Zhang YJ, Hu Y, Liu YM, Chen M, Li ZQ, Liu XS, Bai L, Wen LP. Persistency of Enlarged Autolysosomes Underscores Nanoparticle-Induced Autophagy in Hepatocytes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1602876. [PMID: 27925395 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201602876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological effects of nanomaterials form the basis for their applications in biomedicine but also cause safety issues. Induction of autophagy is a cellular response after nanoparticles exposure. It may be beneficial in some circumstances, yet autophagy-mediated toxicity raises an alarming concern. Previously, it has been reported that upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) elicit liver damage, with autophagy contributing most of this toxicity. However, the detailed mechanism is unclear. This study reveals persistent presence of enlarged autolysosomes in hepatocytes after exposure to UCNs and SiO2 nanoparticles both in vitro and in vivo. This phenomenon is due to anomaly in the autophagy termination process named autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR). Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) relocates onto autolysosome membrane, which is a key event of ALR. PI(4)P is then converted into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2 ) by phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase. Clathrin is subsequently recruited by PI(4,5)P2 and leads to tubule budding of ALR. Yet it is observed that PI(4)P cannot be converted in nanoparticle-treated hepatocytes cells. Exogenous supplement of PI(4,5)P2 suppresses the enlarged autolysosomes in vitro. Abolishment of these enlarged autolysosomes by autophagy inhibitor relieves the hepatotoxicity of UCNs in vivo. The results provide evidence for disrupted ALR in nanoparticle-treated hepatocytes, suggesting that the termination of nanoparticle-induced autophagy is of equal importance as the initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qian Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
- School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Sha-Sha Zhu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Wei
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Fen-Fen Li
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Pei Jin
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Han Yao
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Jiao Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yi Hu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Ming Chen
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, P.R. China
- Anhui Anke Biotechnology (Group) Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Quan Li
- Department of Materials Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Sheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, P. R. China
| | - Li Bai
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Long-Ping Wen
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, P. R. China
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Skalska J, Dąbrowska-Bouta B, Strużyńska L. Oxidative stress in rat brain but not in liver following oral administration of a low dose of nanoparticulate silver. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 97:307-315. [PMID: 27658324 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
While it is known that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can enter the brain, our knowledge of AgNP-induced neurotoxicity remains incomplete. We investigated the ability of 10 nm citrate-stabilized AgNPs to generate oxidative stress in brain and liver of adult male Wistar rats after repeated oral exposure for 14 days, using a low dose of 0.2 mg/kg b.w. as compared with the same dose of ionic silver (silver citrate). In AgNP-exposed animals, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were found to be significantly higher in brain relative to the control group receiving saline. Administration of ionic silver (silver citrate) increased ROS and MDA levels in both tissues. Activities of GPx in brain so as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver of exposed animals were also elevated. Besides, AgNPs and silver ions were both found to cause statistically significant decrease in the reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in brain. The results show that exposure to a very low dose of particulate silver generates mild oxidative stress in the brain but not in the liver of rats, indicating a role of oxidative stress in AgNP-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Skalska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Dąbrowska-Bouta
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Strużyńska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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Tang H, Yang ST, Yang YF, Ke DM, Liu JH, Chen X, Wang H, Liu Y. Blood Clearance, Distribution, Transformation, Excretion, and Toxicity of Near-Infrared Quantum Dots Ag2Se in Mice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:17859-17869. [PMID: 27351208 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a novel fluorescent probe in the second near-infrared window, Ag2Se quantum dots (QDs) exhibit great prospect in in vivo imaging due to their maximal penetration depth and negligible background. However, the in vivo behavior and toxicity of Ag2Se QDs still largely remain unknown, which severely hinders their wide-ranging biomedical applications. Herein, we systematically studied the blood clearance, distribution, transformation, excretion, and toxicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated Ag2Se QDs in mice after intravenous administration with a high dose of 8 μmol/kg body weight. QDs are quickly cleared from the blood with a circulation half-life of 0.4 h. QDs mainly accumulate in liver and spleen and are remarkably transformed into Ag and Se within 1 week. Ag is excreted from the body readily through both feces and urine, whereas Se is excreted hardly. The toxicological evaluations demonstrate that there is no overt acute toxicity of Ag2Se QDs to mice. Moreover, in regard to the in vivo stability problem of Ag2Se QDs, the biotransformation and its related metabolism are intensively discussed, and some promising coating means for Ag2Se QDs to avert transformation are proposed as well. Our work lays a solid foundation for safe applications of Ag2Se QDs in bioimaging in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Da-Ming Ke
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuanfang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, China
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37
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Influence of a low dose of silver nanoparticles on cerebral myelin and behavior of adult rats. Toxicology 2016; 363-364:29-36. [PMID: 27427492 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale particles have large surface to volume ratio that significantly enhances their chemical and biological reactivity. Although general toxicity of nano silver (nanoAg) has been intensively studied in both in vitro and in vivo models, its neurotoxic effects are poorly known, especially those of low-dose exposure. In the present study we assess whether oral administration of nanoAg influences behavior of exposed rats and induces changes in cerebral myelin. We examine the effect of prolonged exposure of adult rats to small (10nm) citrate-stabilized nanoAg particles at a low dose of 0.2mg/kg b.w. (as opposed to the ionic silver) in a comprehensive behavioral analysis. Myelin ultrastructure and the expression of myelin-specific proteins are also investigated. The present study reveals slight differences with respect to behavioral effects of Ag(+)- but not nanoAg-treated rats. A weak depressive effect and hyperalgesia were observed after Ag(+) exposure whereas administration of nanoAg was found to specifically increase body weight and body temperature of animals. Both nanoAg and Ag(+) induce morphological disturbances in myelin sheaths and alter the expression of myelin-specific proteins CNP, MAG and MOG. These results suggest that the CNS may be a target of low-level toxicity of nanoAg.
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Mao BH, Tsai JC, Chen CW, Yan SJ, Wang YJ. Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle-induced toxicity and important role of autophagy. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1021-40. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1189614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Hsu Mao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan,
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan ROC,
| | - Jui-Chen Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan ROC,
| | - Chun-Wan Chen
- Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Ministry of Labor, Sijhih District, New Taipei City, Taiwan ROC,
| | - Shian-Jang Yan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan ROC,
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan,
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Wufeng District, Taichung City, Taiwan ROC,
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan ROC
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Pourhamzeh M, Gholami Mahmoudian Z, Saidijam M, Asari MJ, Alizadeh Z. The Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on the Biochemical Parameters of Liver Function in Serum, and the Expression of Caspase-3 in the Liver Tissues of Male Rats. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/ajmb-35557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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40
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Zheng W, Wei M, Li S, Le W. Nanomaterial-modulated autophagy: underlying mechanisms and functional consequences. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1417-30. [PMID: 27193191 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential lysosome-dependent process that controls the quality of the cytoplasm and maintains cellular homeostasis, and dysfunction of this protein degradation system is correlated with various disorders. A growing body of evidence suggests that nanomaterials (NMs) have autophagy-modulating effects, thus predicting a valuable and promising application potential of NMs in the diagnosis and treatment of autophagy-related diseases. NMs exhibit unique physical, chemical and biofunctional properties, which may endow NMs with capabilities to modulate autophagy via various mechanisms. The present review highlights the impacts of various NMs on autophagy and their functional consequences. The possible underlying mechanisms for NM-modulated autophagy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Center for Translational Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Min Wei
- Center for Translational Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Song Li
- Center for Translational Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Center for Translational Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Teodoro JS, Silva R, Varela AT, Duarte FV, Rolo AP, Hussain S, Palmeira CM. Low-dose, subchronic exposure to silver nanoparticles causes mitochondrial alterations in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1359-75. [PMID: 27171910 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Nanoparticles (NPs) have increasingly been studied due to their probable harmful effects to both humans and the environment. However, despite several indications of possible harmful effects, no long-term studies using a low dose of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been conducted in vivo. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that the prolonged exposure to a very low dose of AgNP was sufficient to cause alterations in hepatic mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial function compromised by AgNPs is recovered by pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, which highlights the crucial role of oxidative stress in AgNPs' toxicity. CONCLUSION Our data show for the first time that even a very low dose of AgNP can cause harmful effects on mitochondrial function, thus compromising the normal function of the organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Soeiro Teodoro
- Center for Neurosciences & Cell Biology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences of the Faculty of Sciences & Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Silva
- Department of Life Sciences of the Faculty of Sciences & Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Varela
- Center for Neurosciences & Cell Biology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences of the Faculty of Sciences & Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipe Valente Duarte
- Center for Neurosciences & Cell Biology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences of the Faculty of Sciences & Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Pinto Rolo
- Center for Neurosciences & Cell Biology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences of the Faculty of Sciences & Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Saber Hussain
- 711th HPW/RHDJ, Molecular Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Division, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA
| | - Carlos Marques Palmeira
- Center for Neurosciences & Cell Biology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences of the Faculty of Sciences & Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Chen R, Zhao L, Bai R, Liu Y, Han L, Xu Z, Chen F, Autrup H, Long D, Chen C. Silver nanoparticles induced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses in mouse tissues: implications for the development of acute toxicity after intravenous administration. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:602-608. [PMID: 30090374 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00464k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns have arisen about the health and environmental impacts of the increasing commercial use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). However, the toxic mechanisms and target tissues of AgNPs have not been fully defined. In this paper, we investigated the tissue toxicity of mice after intravenous administration of AgNPs at a single-dose of 0.2, 2 or 5 mg per kg (body weight), respectively. Biodistribution, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and oxidative stress were examined in mouse organs at eight hours after exposure. Stress markers, e.g. HSP70, BIP, p-IRE1, p-PERK, chop and xbp-1s proteins/genes, were significantly upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. In the liver, spleen, lung and kidney, high stress accompanied by apoptosis occurred. Low stress levels were observed in the heart and brain. Thus, it is proposed that the liver, spleen, lung and kidney are dominant target tissues of AgNP exposure. The lower stress and toxicity in the heart and brain were in agreement with lower AgNP accumulation. The present results demonstrated that AgNP exposure eventually resulted in permanent toxic damage by gradually imposing stress impacts on target organs. These findings highlight the potent applications of stress markers in future risk evaluation of silver nanoparticle toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- School of Public Health , University of South China , Hengyang 421001 , China . ; Tel: +86-734-8281321.,CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
| | - Lin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
| | - Ru Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
| | - Liping Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
| | - Zhifang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Public Health , University of South China , Hengyang 421001 , China . ; Tel: +86-734-8281321
| | - Herman Autrup
- Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Bartholins Alle 2 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Dingxin Long
- School of Public Health , University of South China , Hengyang 421001 , China . ; Tel: +86-734-8281321
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience & Technology of China , Beijing 100190 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82545560
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Taheri S, Cavallaro A, Christo SN, Majewski P, Barton M, Hayball JD, Vasilev K. Antibacterial Plasma Polymer Films Conjugated with Phospholipid Encapsulated Silver Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:1278-1286. [PMID: 33429675 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Medical device associated infections are a persistent medical problem which has not found a comprehensive solution yet. Over the last decades, there have been intense research efforts toward developing antibacterial coatings that could potentially improve medical outcomes. Silver nanoparticles have attracted a great deal of attention as a potent alternative to conventional antibiotics. Herein, we present a biologically inspired approach to synthesize phospholipid encapsulated silver nanoparticles and their surface immobilization to a functional plasma polymer interlayer to generate antibacterial coatings. The antibacterial efficacy of the coatings was evaluated against three medically relevant pathogens including the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and the Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The innate immune response to the coatings was assessed in vitro using primary bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM). Any potential cytotoxicity was studied with primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Overall, the coatings had excellent inhibition of bacterial growth. We also observed reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines from BMDM which suggests a reduced inflammatory response. The combined properties of coatings developed in this study may make them a good candidate for application on medical devices such as catheters and wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Taheri
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Alex Cavallaro
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Susan N Christo
- Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Peter Majewski
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Mary Barton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - John D Hayball
- Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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Manshian BB, Pfeiffer C, Pelaz B, Heimerl T, Gallego M, Möller M, del Pino P, Himmelreich U, Parak WJ, Soenen SJ. High-Content Imaging and Gene Expression Approaches To Unravel the Effect of Surface Functionality on Cellular Interactions of Silver Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10431-44. [PMID: 26327399 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) remain an issue of debate, where the respective contribution of the NPs themselves and of free Ag(+) ions present in the NP stock suspensions and after intracellular NP corrosion are not fully understood. Here, we employ a recently set up methodology based on high-content (HC) imaging combined with high-content gene expression studies to examine the interaction of three types of Ag NPs with identical core sizes, but coated with either mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA), dodecylamine-modified poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA), or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-conjugated PMA with two types of cultured cells (primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and murine C17.2 neural progenitor cells). As a control, cells were also exposed to free Ag(+) ions at the same concentration as present in the respective Ag NP stock suspensions. The data reveal clear effects of the NP surface properties on cellular interactions. PEGylation of the NPs significantly reduces their cellular uptake efficiency, whereas MUA-NPs are more prone to agglomeration in complex tissue culture media. PEG-NPs display the lowest levels of toxicity, which is in line with their reduced cell uptake. MUA-NPs display the highest levels of toxicity, caused by autophagy, cell membrane damage, mitochondrial damage, and cytoskeletal deformations. At similar intracellular NP levels, PEG-NPs induce the highest levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but do not affect the cell cytoskeleton, in contrast to MUA- and PMA-NPs. Gene expression studies support the findings above, defining autophagy and cell membrane damage-related necrosis as main toxicity pathways. Additionally, immunotoxicity, DNA damage responses, and hypoxia-like toxicity were observed for PMA- and especially MUA-NPs. Together, these data reveal that Ag(+) ions do contribute to Ag NP-associated toxicity, particularly upon intracellular degradation. The different surface properties of the NPs however result in distinct toxicity profiles for the three NPs, indicating clear NP-associated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B Manshian
- MoSAIC/Biomedical MRI Unit, Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven , Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Pfeiffer
- Physics and Biology Department, Philipps University of Marburg , Renthof 7, D35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Physics and Biology Department, Philipps University of Marburg , Renthof 7, D35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Heimerl
- Physics and Biology Department, Philipps University of Marburg , Renthof 7, D35032 Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Uwe Himmelreich
- MoSAIC/Biomedical MRI Unit, Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven , Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Physics and Biology Department, Philipps University of Marburg , Renthof 7, D35032 Marburg, Germany
- CIC biomaGUNE , San Sebastian 20009, Spain
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- MoSAIC/Biomedical MRI Unit, Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven , Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Biophotonics Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University , B9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Zhou Y, Wang Q, Song B, Wu S, Su Y, Zhang H, He Y. A real-time documentation and mechanistic investigation of quantum dots-induced autophagy in live Caenorhabditis elegans. Biomaterials 2015; 72:38-48. [PMID: 26342559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly important intracellular process for the degradation of endogenous or foreign contents in the cytoplasm. Though nanomaterials-induced autophagy has been extensively studied, real-time information about the autophagic process induced by nanomaterials in live organisms remains unknown. Here by using Caenorhabditis elegans as the model organism and fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as a representative nanomaterial, we systematically investigated the phenomenon of QDs-induced autophagy in live organisms. Our results demonstrated that the internalized QDs trigger a complete autophagic process in C. elegans intestinal cells. Further investigations revealed that this QD-induced autophagy in C. elegans is neither a response to released heavy metal ions by the QDs, nor an attempt to engulf exogenous QD materials, but a defensive strategy of the organism to clear and recycle damaged endosomes. Of particular significance, for the first time, we presented real-time tracking of autophagosomes formation in live organisms, providing detailed temporal-spatial information of this process. This study may help us better understand the relationship between nanomaterials and autophagy in vivo, and provide invaluable information for safety evaluation and bio-application of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences (IBMS), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences (IBMS), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bin Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sicong Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences (IBMS), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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46
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Akhtar MJ, Alhadlaq HA, Kumar S, Alrokayan SA, Ahamed M. Selective cancer-killing ability of metal-based nanoparticles: implications for cancer therapy. Arch Toxicol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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47
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Perturbation of cellular mechanistic system by silver nanoparticle toxicity: Cytotoxic, genotoxic and epigenetic potentials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 221:4-21. [PMID: 25935324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently the applications of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are gaining overwhelming response due to the advancement of nanotechnology. However, only limited information is available with regard to their toxicity mechanism in different species. It is very essential to understand the complete molecular mechanism to explore the functional and long term applications of Ag NPs. Ag NPs could be toxic at cellular, subcellular, biomolecular, and epigenetic levels. Toxicity effects induced by Ag NPs have been evaluated using numerous in vitro and in vivo models, but still there are contradictions in interpretations due to disparity in methodology, test endpoints and several other model parameters which needs to be considered. Thus, this review article focuses on the progressive elucidation of molecular mechanism of toxicity induced by Ag NPs in various in vitro and in vivo models. Apart from these, this review also highlights the various ignored factors which are to be considered during toxicity studies.
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48
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Zhang X, Teodoro JG, Nadeau JL. Intratumoral gold-doxorubicin is effective in treating melanoma in mice. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1365-75. [PMID: 25888279 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Intratumoral injection of ultra-small gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated to doxorubicin (Au-Dox) is effective against both murine B16 and human SK-MEL-28 tumors in mice. Au-Dox suppresses growth of B16 tumors in immunocompetent mice by >70% for at least 19 days. In SK-MEL-28 xenografts, Au-Dox suppresses tumor growth almost completely for >13 weeks, while tumors treated with Dox alone demonstrate accelerated growth after 10 weeks. Histological analysis shows significant apoptosis and necrosis in Au-Dox treated tumors. Intratumoral injection is significantly more effective than intravenous injection, which leads to significant accumulation in liver and kidney with sub-therapeutic concentrations of Au-Dox. However, IV injection does not lead to significant damage in non-target organs, so improved targeting should permit this mode of delivery with little risk of systemic toxicity. The current construct is suitable for tumors accessible to intratumoral injection and represents a viable approach doxorubicin-resistant solid tumors. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Drug resistance is a significant problem in the fight against cancer. The authors describe a new approach in combating drug resistance in tumor cells by conjugating ultrasmall gold nanoparticles to doxorubicin. They tested the efficacy in in-vivo models using two melanoma cell lines. The promising results obtained from intra-tumoral injections contribute a way in future drug designs showing that conjugation to nanoparticles could lead to more effective and synergistic killing of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal QC Canada
| | - Jose G Teodoro
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal QC Canada; Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal QC Canada
| | - Jay L Nadeau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal QC Canada.
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49
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Patlolla AK, Hackett D, Tchounwou PB. Silver nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress-dependent toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 399:257-68. [PMID: 25355157 PMCID: PMC4268425 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to the intensive commercial application of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), their health risk assessment is of great importance. For acute toxicity evaluation of orally administered Ag-NPs, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activity of liver function enzymes [(alanine (ALT/GPT), aspartate (AST/GOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], concentration of lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), comet assay, and histopathology of liver in the rat model were performed. Four groups of five male rats were orally administered Ag-NPs, once a day for five days with doses of 5, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg, body weight. A control group was also made of five rats. Blood and liver were collected 24 h after the last treatment following standard protocols. Ag-NPs exposure increased the induction of ROS, activities of the liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), concentration of lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), tail migration, and morphological alterations of the liver tissue in exposed groups compared to control. The highest two doses, 50 and 100 mg/kg showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases in ROS induction, ALT, AST, ALP activity, LHP concentration, DNA damage, and morphological alterations of liver compared to control. Based on these results, it is suggested that short-term administration of high doses of Ag-NP may cause organ toxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita K Patlolla
- NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA,
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50
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Skalska J, Frontczak-Baniewicz M, Strużyńska L. Synaptic degeneration in rat brain after prolonged oral exposure to silver nanoparticles. Neurotoxicology 2014; 46:145-54. [PMID: 25447321 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles has been confirmed in both in vitro and in vivo studies. However, the mechanisms of the toxic action have not been fully clarified. Since nanoparticles are likely to have the ability to enter the brain and significantly accumulate in this organ, it is important to investigate their neurotoxic mechanisms. Here we examine the effect of prolonged exposure of rats to small (10nm) citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (as opposed to the ionic silver) on synapse ultrastructure and specific proteins. Administration of both nanosilver and ionic silver over a two-week period resulted in ultrastructural changes including blurred synapse structure and strongly enhanced density of synaptic vesicles clustering in the center of the presynaptic part. Disturbed synaptic membrane leading to liberation of synaptic vesicles into neuropil, which testifies for strong synaptic degeneration, was characteristic feature observed under AgNPs exposure. Also a noteworthy finding was the presence of myelin-like structures derived from fragmented membranes and organelles which are associated with neurodegenerative processes. Additionally, we observed significantly decreased levels of the presynaptic proteins synapsin I and synaptophysin, as well as PSD-95 protein which is an indicator of postsynaptic densities. The present study demonstrates that exposure of adult rats to both forms of silver leads to ultrastructural changes in synapses. However, it seems that small AgNPs lead to more severe synaptic degeneration, mainly in the hippocampal region of brain. The observations may indicate impairment of nerve function and, in the case of hippocampus, may predict impairment of cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Skalska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz
- Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Strużyńska
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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