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Sun Y, Luo D, Guan K, Luo X. Meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines is associated with academic engagement, social-emotional functioning in obese/overweight youth. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 56:101863. [PMID: 38820658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines suggest that the integration of adequate sleep (SL), increased physical activity (PA), and limited screen time (ST) has general health benefits. However, associations of meeting integrated guidelines with academic engagement and social-emotional functioning among obese/overweight youth have yet to be fully examined. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and the above-presented outcome measures among this unique group. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 2800 children and adolescents (youth aged 6-17 years old) that were retrieved from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) were included for data analysis. Exposure of interests included adherence to 24-HMB guideline(s), while indicators of academic engagement and social-emotional functioning were operationalized. Furthermore, multiple logistic regression was conducted while adjusting for social-demographic variables including age, sex, ethnicity, household income, parental education level and mental health status. RESULTS The percentages of meeting 24-HMB guidelines varied greatly across different combinations: 1399 participants (49.96 %) met 1 of the 3 guidelines, 580 participants (20.91 %) met 2 guidelines, while only 91 participants (2.94 %) met all 3 guidelines. Meeting integrated guidelines was selectively associated with higher odds of indicators (showing interest/curiosity in learning, caring about school performance, and completing all required homework) of academic engagement. Additionally, Meeting SL + ST guideline (OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.29-0.93, p < 00.05) was associated with lower odds of serious difficulty in concentrating, remembering, and making decisions, while meeting ST + SL guideline (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.03-2.69, p < 00.05) was more likely to be good at making and keeping friendships. Furthermore, meeting all 3 guidelines was associated with less argumentative behaviors (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.33-0.99, p < 00.05) and a higher level of resilience (OR = 3.51, 95%CI: 1.88-6.54, p < 00.01), while meeting any two integrated guidelines was associated with a higher level of resilience (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.09-2.71, p < 00.05). CONCLUSION Findings have indicated the role of meeting 24-HMB guidelines, especially integrated guidelines in the healthy development of obese/overweight youth. Policymakers should implement a long-term plan for this unique group to engage in physical activity, achieve enough sleep, and limit screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Sun
- Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Danfangjun Luo
- Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Kaiqi Guan
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xun Luo
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Guangdong, China.
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Zhao H, Wu N, Haapala EA, Gao Y. Association between meeting 24-h movement guidelines and health in children and adolescents aged 5-17 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1351972. [PMID: 38774055 PMCID: PMC11106490 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1351972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Twenty-four-hour movement behaviors have significant implications for physical and mental health throughout one's lifespan. Consistent with movement behaviors, several countries have formulated and published 24-h movement guidelines. This review summarized the studies related to 24-h movement guidelines among children and adolescents from six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus). In a total of 61 studies that discussed compliance with 24-h movement guidelines, the overall adherence rate was very low (7.1%), with boys exceeding girls, children surpassing adolescents, and regional differences. A total of 39 studies examined the associations between 24-h movement guidelines and health indicators. Findings indicated that meeting all three guidelines was favorably associated with adiposity, cardiometabolic health, mental and social health, physical fitness, health-related quality of life, academic achievement, cognitive development, perceived health, dietary patterns, and myopia. Future research should utilize longitudinal and experimental designs to enhance our understanding of the associations between 24-h movement guidelines and health indicators, thereby aiding the formulation and refinement of such guidelines. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42023481230.
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Affiliation(s)
- HanHua Zhao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Wu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Eero A. Haapala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Bao R, Qin H, Memon AR, Chen S, López-Gil JF, Liu S, Zou L, Cai Y. Is adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines associated with greater academic-related outcomes in children and adolescents? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2003-2014. [PMID: 38416259 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence for the association of adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines with academic-related outcomes in children and adolescents. This systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, WOS, SPORTDiscus, and EMBASE were searched from their inception to 12 December 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies. In total, 4326 records were identified through database searches; 10 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. There were eight cross-sectional studies and two longitudinal studies; the main academic-related outcomes were academic achievement and cognitive function. A small association between adherence to all three recommendations and academic achievement (k = 5, r = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.10-0.24, I2 = 49%) was found compared to those who did not adhere to any recommendations. Conclusion: Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis reveal a small association between adherence to all three recommendations and greater academic achievement in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, it is imperative to underscore the need for more studies to establish robust evidence underpinning this relationship. Trial registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021295403). What is Known: • Regular physical activity, reduced screen time, and optimal sleep duration are independently associated with improved academic-related outcomes in children and adolescents. • The associations between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines and academic-related outcomes in children and adolescents have not been quantitatively synthesised. What is New: • There is a small but positive association between adherence to all three recommendations of the 24-h movement guidelines and greater academic achievement in children and adolescents. • Further well-designed research is needed to focus on academic achievement, cognitive function and classroom behaviours in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Bao
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Huimin Qin
- ShanghaiTech Colleges, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Aamir Raoof Memon
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, 8001, Australia
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, 8001, Australia
| | | | - Shijie Liu
- School of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yujun Cai
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Galland BC, Haszard JJ, Jackson R, Morrison S, Meredith-Jones K, Elder DE, Beebe D, Taylor RW. Predictors for achieving optimal sleep in healthy children: Exploring sleep patterns in a sleep extension trial. Sleep Health 2024; 10:213-220. [PMID: 37980245 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Earlier bedtimes can help some children get more sleep, but we don't know which children, or what features of their usual sleep patterns could predict success with this approach. Using data from a randomized crossover trial of sleep manipulation, we sought to determine this. METHODS Participants were 99 children aged 8-12years (49.5% female) with no sleep disturbances. Sleep was measured by actigraphy at baseline and over a restriction or extension week (1 hour later or earlier bedtime respectively), randomly allocated and separated by a washout week. Data were compared between baseline (week 1) and extension weeks only (week 3 or 5), using linear or logistic regression analyses as appropriate, controlling for randomization order. RESULTS One hour less total sleep time than average at baseline predicted 29.7 minutes (95% CI: 19.4, 40.1) of sleep gained and 3.45 (95% CI: 1.74, 6.81) times higher odds of successfully extending sleep by >30 minutes. Per standardized variable, less total sleep time and a shorter sleep period time were the strongest predictors (significant odds ratios (ORs) of 2.51 and 2.28, respectively). Later sleep offset, more variability in sleep timing and lower sleep efficiency also predicted sleep gains. The sleep period time cut-point that optimized prediction of successful sleep gains was <8 hours 28 minutes with 75% of children's baseline sleep in that range. CONCLUSIONS Children with a baseline sleep period time <8½ hours a night obtained the most sleep from earlier bedtimes maintained over a week, demonstrating experimentally the value of earlier bedtimes to improve sleep. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN12618001671257, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367587&isReview=true.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara C Galland
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | | | - Rosie Jackson
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Silke Morrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Dawn E Elder
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Dean Beebe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rachael W Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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5
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Gao Y, Yu Q, Schuch FB, Herold F, Hossain MM, Ludyga S, Gerber M, Mullen SP, Yeung AS, Kramer AF, Taylor A, Schinke R, Cheval B, Delli Paoli AG, Ng JL, Van Damme T, Block M, Cunha PM, Olds T, Haegele JA, Zou L. Meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines is linked to academic engagement, psychological functioning, and cognitive difficulties in youth with internalizing problems. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:176-186. [PMID: 38190861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB: physical activity [PA], screen time [ST] in the school-aged youth, and sleep) guidelines with indicators of academic engagement, psychological functioning, and cognitive function in a national representative sample of U.S. youth. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 1794 participants aged 6 to 17 years old were included for multivariable logistic regression to determine the above-mentioned associations, while adjusting for sociodemographic and health covariates. RESULTS The proportion of participants who met 24-HMB guideline(s) varied greatly (PA+ ST+ sleep = 34 [weighted 1.17 %], PA + ST = 23 [weighted 1.72 %], PA + sleep = 52 [weighted 2.15 %], PA = 34 [weighted 2.88 %], ST = 142 [weighted 7.5 %], ST+ sleep = 209 [weighted 11.86 %], sleep = 725 [weighted 35.5 %], none = 575 [weighted 37.22 %]). Participants who met ST guideline alone and integrated (ST + Sleep and ST + sleep + PA) guidelines demonstrated the consistently beneficial associations with learning interest/curiosity, caring for school performance, completing required homework, resilience, cognitive difficulties, self-regulation (ps < 0.05). CONCLUSION Meeting 24-HMB guidelines in an isolated or integrative manner was associated with improved academic engagement, psychological functioning, and reduced cognitive difficulties. These findings highlight the importance of the promotion of 24-HMB guidelines in youth with internalizing problems. Future longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether changes or modifications of meeting specific 24-HMB guidelines (especially ST) is beneficial for youth with internalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Gao
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Faculty of Education, University of Macau, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - Fabian Herold
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Mahbub Hossain
- Department of Decision and Information Sciences, C.T. Bauer College of Business, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sean P Mullen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Albert S Yeung
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Alyx Taylor
- School of Rehabilitation, Sport and Psychology, AECC University College, Bournemouth BH5 2DF, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Robert Schinke
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Boris Cheval
- Department of Sport Sciences an d Physical Education, Ecol e Normal e Supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France; Laboratory VIPS2, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Jonathan Leo Ng
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Sport, School of Education, College of Design and Social Context, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tine Van Damme
- Research Group for Adapted Physical Activity and Psychomotor Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat49, Mailbox 1510, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; UPC KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Autism Research (LAuRes), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Block
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4407, USA
| | - Paolo M Cunha
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Timothy Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA5001, Australia
| | - Justin A Haegele
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Hysing M, Sivertsen B, Nilsen SA, Heradstveit O, Bøe T, Askeland KG. Sleep and dropout from upper secondary school: A register-linked study. Sleep Health 2023; 9:519-523. [PMID: 37460377 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the association between sleep in late adolescence and completion of upper secondary school. METHODS The data are drawn from the youth@hordaland study, a large population-based study conducted in 2012, linked with official educational data in Norway (N = 8838). RESULTS High school dropout was more prevalent among adolescents who had insomnia (20.6%) compared to those without insomnia (14.3%; adjusted risk ratios = 1.50; 95% confidence intervals: [2.19-2.92]). There was also a higher rate of school dropout among those who had symptoms of delayed sleep-wake phase (21%) compared to those without delayed sleep-wake phase (14.3%); adjusted risk ratios = 1.43, 95% confidence intervals: (1.28-1.59). School noncompleters were also characterized by reporting 44 minutes shorter sleep duration, longer sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset (both approx. 15 minutes) compared to school completers. CONCLUSION The importance of sleep for high school dropout rates highlights the importance of including sleep as a risk indicator and a possible target for preventive interventions in late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway; Department of Research & Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Sondre Aasen Nilsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Heradstveit
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway; Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin Gärtner Askeland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
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Jayasinghe S, Hills AP. Strategies to Improve Physical Activity and Nutrition Behaviours in Children and Adolescents: A Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3370. [PMID: 37571307 PMCID: PMC10420868 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread acknowledgement of the multifarious health benefits of physical activity (PA), including prevention and control of obesity, an overwhelming majority of children and adolescents are not sufficiently active to realise such benefits. Concurrently, young people are significantly impacted by the rapid global rise of sedentarism, and suboptimal dietary patterns during key phases of development. Regrettably, the cumulative effects of unhealthy behaviours during the growing years predisposes young people to the early stages of several chronic conditions, including obesity. Clear and consistent approaches are urgently needed to improve eating and activity behaviours of children and adolescents. Based on existing evidence of "best bets" to prevent and control obesity and its comorbidities, we present a set of non-negotiable strategies as a 'road map' to achieving prevention and improving the health of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew P. Hills
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia;
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8
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Tsang SMH, Cheing GLY, Lam AKC, Siu AMH, Pang PCK, Yip KC, Chan JWK, Jensen MP. Excessive use of electronic devices among children and adolescents is associated with musculoskeletal symptoms, visual symptoms, psychosocial health, and quality of life: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1178769. [PMID: 37457285 PMCID: PMC10338872 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1178769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Electronic devices have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. The frequency and duration of device use in children and adolescents have increased drastically over the years and the study of its negative musculoskeletal, visual and psychosocial health impacts is necessary. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the associations between electronic device use and the prevalence and severity of musculoskeletal symptoms, visual symptoms, psychosocial health, and quality of life in children and adolescents studying at primary and secondary schools. Data were collected through confidential online and paper-and-pencil questionnaires. Primary 4-5 and Secondary 1-4 students were recruited from 3 schools in Hong Kong. Demographics, frequency and duration of electronic device use, frequencies of musculoskeletal symptoms, visual symptoms, psychosocial health, and quality of life outcomes were measured. Results 1,058 children and adolescents aged 9-17 years participated. Sixty-one percent and 78% of all students spent more than 2 h per day using electronic devices during school days and weekend/holidays, respectively. Extended electronic device use was associated with increased prevalence and severity of musculoskeletal symptoms (ρ's = 0.28-0.33, P's < 0.001), visual symptoms (ρ's = 0.33-0.35, P's < 0.001), and poorer device use-related psychosocial health (ρ's = 0.38-0.47, P's < 0.001). Secondary school students reported greater device use and severity of symptoms than primary school students. Conclusion Excessive electronic device use was associated with increased prevalence and severity of physical and psychosocial symptoms, and such use is more prevalent in adolescents when compared to the children. The findings have important health implications for children and adolescents, suggesting that early intervention is needed to reduce the risk of developing device use-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon M. H. Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gladys L. Y. Cheing
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Andrew K. C. Lam
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Andrew M. H. Siu
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter C. K. Pang
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-Chung Yip
- Hong Kong Evangelical Church Social Service Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jess W. K. Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mark P. Jensen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Sánchez-Oliva D, Leech RM, Esteban-Cornejo I, Cristi-Montero C, Pérez-Bey A, Cabanas-Sánchez V, Grao-Cruces A, Castro-Piñero J. Sedentary behaviour profiles and longitudinal associations with academic performance in youth: The UP&DOWN study. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:181-189. [PMID: 37125866 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2204584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated longitudinal associations between profile transitions of context-specific sedentary behaviour (SB) and changes in academic performance (AP) among school-aged youth. Participants were 466 children and 717 adolescents (50.8% males) aged 8-18 years (children = 7.92 ± 0.41 years; adolescents = 11.85 ± 1.53 years). Non-school SBs and AP were evaluated at baseline and two years later. General linear mixed models were implemented, controlling for age, region, parental education, body mass index, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Cross-sectionally, participants with an Educative-profile (i.e., highest scores in doing homework with/without computer and reading for fun) had higher AP when compared to other profiles. Longitudinally, males who changed from a Screen- to an Educative-profile had higher AP than males who changed from an Educative- to a Social- or Screen-SB profile (p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in females. These findings show the importance of analysing SB patterns from a qualitative perspective (i.e., context-specific for boosting school children AP) and highlighting time spent in educative as the most positive for AP, as well the need to implement interventions to reduce time on screen and social behaviours, especially targeting males.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sánchez-Oliva
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rebecca M Leech
- The Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Bey
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Grao-Cruces
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
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10
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Flood SM, Thompson B, Faulkner G, Vanderloo LM, Blackett B, Dolf M, Latimer-Cheung AE, Duggan M, Di Sebastiano KM, Lane KN, Brouwers MC, McKenna J, Chulak-Bozzer T, Fuller D, Ruissen GR, Sturrock SL, Tomasone JR. Development of a ParticipACTION App-Based Intervention for Improving Postsecondary Students' 24-Hour Movement Guideline Behaviors: Protocol for the Application of Intervention Mapping. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e39977. [PMID: 36917173 PMCID: PMC10131646 DOI: 10.2196/39977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for adults provide specific recommendations for levels of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep (ie, the movement behaviors) required for optimal health. Performance of the movement behaviors is associated with improved mental well-being. However, most postsecondary students do not meet the movement behavior recommendations within the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and experience increased stress and declining well-being, suggesting the need for an intervention targeting students' movement behaviors. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop and implement a theory-informed intervention intended to improve the movement behaviors and mental well-being of first-year postsecondary students. METHODS The Intervention Mapping protocol was applied in the development and implementation of the intervention. Intervention Mapping entailed performing a needs assessment, determining the intervention outcomes, selecting theory- and evidence-based change methods and applications, preparing and producing intervention plans and materials, developing the implementation plan, and finally developing an evaluation plan. The Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behavior Change Wheel were also used in conjunction with the Intervention Mapping protocol to ensure a solid theoretical basis for the intervention. This protocol led to the development and implementation of a 6-week, theory-informed ParticipACTION app-based intervention aimed at helping first-year postsecondary students improve their movement behaviors and mental well-being. The developed app content provided students with information on each of the movement behaviors and behavioral strategies (ie, goal setting, action planning, monitoring, and coping planning). The use of Intervention Mapping allowed for the continuous involvement of various multidisciplinary partners and end users, ensuring that the intervention design and implementation was appropriate for the target audience. The feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact of the intervention will be examined in a subsequent proof-of-concept study at 2 Canadian university campuses. RESULTS Participant recruitment occurred during September 2021, and the intervention was conducted from October to December 2021. The deadline for completion of the postintervention questionnaire by participants was mid-December 2021. The analysis of data examining the feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact of the intervention began in January 2022, with the publication of the proof-of-concept evaluation expected in 2023. CONCLUSIONS Intervention Mapping with the Theoretical Domains Framework and Behavior Change Wheel was a useful approach to combine evidence and theoretical concepts to guide the design and implementation of a ParticipACTION app-based intervention targeting postsecondary students' movement behaviors and mental well-being. This process may serve as an example for other researchers developing multiple behavior change app-based interventions. Should the forthcoming evaluation demonstrate the intervention's acceptability, feasibility, and potential impact, the intervention may provide a scalable method of improving postsecondary students' movement behaviors and mental well-being. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/39977.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Flood
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Brooke Thompson
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- Department of Science and Evaluation, ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Beth Blackett
- Student Wellness Services, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Matt Dolf
- Office of Wellbeing Strategy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amy E Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Duggan
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katie M Di Sebastiano
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Kirstin N Lane
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Melissa C Brouwers
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julia McKenna
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tala Chulak-Bozzer
- Department of Science and Evaluation, ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Geralyn R Ruissen
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shelby L Sturrock
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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11
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E Y, Yang J, Shen Y, Quan X. Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Academic Burden: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Health among Chinese Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4917. [PMID: 36981825 PMCID: PMC10049325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the effects of physical activity, screen time, and academic burden on adolescent health in China and compare their effects by using the nationally representative sample data from the CEPS (China Educational Panel Survey) cross-section data. This paper first uses regression analysis to examine the relationship between physical activity, screen time, academic burden and health among Chinese adolescents. Then, this paper uses the clustering analysis the influence of physical activity, screen time, and academic burden on the health of Chinese adolescents. The empirical results show that: (1) along with exercise, helping with the housework also has a clear health-promoting effect on adolescents; (2) the time spent surfing the Internet or playing video games, and heavy studying or homework off campus have a negative effect on adolescents' self-rated health and mental health; (3) physical activity has the greatest impact on self-rated health, while screen time has the greatest impact on mental health, and academic burden is not the most important factor affecting adolescent health in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting E
- Department of Sociology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jianke Yang
- Department of Sociology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yifei Shen
- Department of Sociology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaojuan Quan
- Department of Marxism, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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12
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Sánchez-Miguel PA, Molina-López J, Vaquero-Solís M, Tapia-Serrano MA. Sedentary behaviours and their relationship with academic performance in adolescents: A mediation analysis. J Sports Sci 2023; 40:2570-2577. [PMID: 36739532 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2174731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present research aims to examine the relationship between the four dimensions of sedentary behaviours and academic performance, as well as to test the association between sedentary behaviours and academic performance in boys and girls in a sample of Spanish adolescents. A total of 2,216 adolescents aged 11 to 16 years old, both males (13.30 ± 0.92) and females (13.06 ± 0.86), participated. Sleep duration, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours were measured through questionnaires. Academic performance was assessed with students´ marks. Potential confounders such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, and cardiorespiratory fitness were also measured. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, analysis of differences, and multiple mediation analysis were conducted. It was observed that girls spend more time on sedentary educational or social behaviours, while boys spend much more time on screen time. Sedentary behaviours such as educational time, screen time, and relaxing time were associated with academic performance. Specifically, educational time appears to be positively related to academic performance. Nevertheless, screen time and relaxing time were negatively associated with academic performance. The multiple mediation analysis revealed that screen time was the most negative behaviour on academic performance. The outcomes are discussed to improve knowledge about sedentary behaviours and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Molina-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technological Park, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Vaquero-Solís
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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13
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Ma C, Yan J, Hu H, Shi C, Li F, Zeng X. Associations between 24-h Movement Behavior and Internet Addiction in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16873. [PMID: 36554753 PMCID: PMC9779407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship between 24-h activity behavior and Chinese adolescents' Internet addiction. METHODS A survey of 2045 adolescents (56.5% boys) was conducted, and adolescents' 24-h movement behavior and Internet addiction were measured via a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the basic situation of the respondents; chi-square analysis was used to compare gender differences, and logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between 24-h exercise guide entries and Internet addiction. RESULTS From the number of 24-h movement behavior guides, 25.3% of the children did not meet the recommended amount of any kind of activity behavior guide, while 50.4% and 21.7% of the children reached the recommended amount of one and two activity behavior guidelines, respectively; only 3.2% of the children met the recommended amount of all three activity behavior guidelines. Adolescents who did not meet the recommended 24-h activity behavior guidelines were more likely to have Internet addiction (OR = 8.46, 95 CI = 3.06-23.36), and were more likely to have one item (OR = 4.50, 95 CI = 1.64-12.39) or two items (OR = 3.12, 95 CI = 1.11-8.74). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity, static behavior, and sleep may all have a greater impact on adolescents' Internet addiction, among which physical activity has a greater impact on adolescents' Internet addiction. Different combinations of 24-h movement behavior have different effects on adolescents' Internet addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizhen Ma
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041081, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hejue Hu
- Library of Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chongyan Shi
- School of Physical Education and Humanity, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Feng Li
- China Basketball College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyue Zeng
- Faculty of Physical Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
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14
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Babaeer L, Stylianou M, Leveritt M, Gomersall S. Physical activity, sedentary behavior and educational outcomes in university students: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:2184-2209. [PMID: 33502967 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1846047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo systematically review available evidence focusing on the relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and educational outcomes (EO), among university students. Method: Articles published in English and up to April 2019 were eligible to be included in the review if they examined associations between either PA or SB measures and EO in undergraduate university students. Results: Thirty-five articles met the eligibility criteria. The majority of papers used self-report measures of PA and SB and were rated as demonstrating poor quality (22/35). Evidence indicated no associations with EO for overall PA, MPA, VPA, and indeterminate associations for MVPA and leisure-based screen time. Conclusion: Mixed findings for PA, SB, and EO were found. Future studies should use more rigorous designs, including robust measures of relevant outcomes, to further our understanding of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Babaeer
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St. Lucia, Australia
- School of Family Education, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michalis Stylianou
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Michael Leveritt
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St. Lucia, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St. Lucia, Australia
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15
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Effect of a 16-week multi-level classroom standing desk intervention on cognitive performance and academic achievement in adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14504. [PMID: 36050353 PMCID: PMC9437021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The replacement of traditional classroom desks for active-permissive desks has been tested to reduce sitting time during classes. However, their impact on other domains is still unclear. We aimed to verify the potential effects of a classroom standing desk intervention on cognitive function and academic achievement in 6th-grade students. This was a controlled trial conducted with two classes [intervention (n = 22) and control (n = 27)] from a public school in Lisbon, Portugal. The intervention was carried out for 16 weeks and consisted of multi-level actions (students, parents, and teachers) centered on the implementation of standing desks in the intervention classroom. The control group had traditional classes with no use of standing desks or any other interference/action from the research team. Pre- and post-assessments of executive functions (attention, inhibitory function, memory, and fluid intelligence) and academic achievement were obtained. No differences between groups were found at baseline. Both groups improved (time effect) academic achievement (p < 0.001), memory span (p < 0.001), and inhibitory function (p = 0.008). Group versus time interactions were observed regarding operational memory (intervention: + 18.0% and control: + 41.6%; p = 0.039) and non-verbal fluid intelligence (intervention: − 14.0% and control: + 3.9%; p = 0.017). We concluded that a 16-week classroom standing desk intervention did not improve cognitive performance or academic achievement more than the traditional sitting classes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT03137836) (date of first registration: 03/05/2017).
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16
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Khan A, Gomersall S, Stylianou M. Associations of Passive and Mentally Active Screen Time With Perceived School Performance of 197,439 Adolescents Across 38 Countries. Acad Pediatr 2022; 23:651-658. [PMID: 36028189 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of passive (ie, television) and active (ie, electronic games, computer use) screen time (ST) with perceived school performance of adolescents across gender. METHODS Data were from the 2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey conducted across 38 European countries and Canada. Perceived school performance was assessed using an item and dichotomized as high (good/very good) versus the remainder (average/below-average as reference). Participants reported hours per day of time spent watching television, playing electronic games, and using a computer in their free time. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate the associations. RESULTS A total of 197,439 adolescents (average age 13.6 [standard deviation 1.63] years; 51% girls) were analyzed. Multivariable modeling showed that engaging in >2 h/d of ST was progressively and adversely associated with high performance in both boys and girls. Adolescents reporting >4 h/d of television time (≤1 h/d as reference) had 32% lower odds in boys (odds ratio [OR] 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.71) and 39% lower odds in girls (OR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.58-0.65) of reporting high performance. Playing electronic games for >4 h/d was associated with high performance with odds being 38% lower in boys (OR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.59-0.66) and 45% lower in girls (OR 0.55; 95% CI, 0.52-0.57). Sex differences in the estimates were mixed. CONCLUSIONS High screen use, whether active or passive, was adversely associated with perceived high school performance, with association estimates being slightly stronger in girls than boys, and for mentally active than passive screen use. Discouraging high levels of screen use of any type could be beneficial to school performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (A Khan and S Gomersall), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (A Khan and S Gomersall), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michalis Stylianou
- School of School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (M Stylianou), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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17
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Tapia-Serrano MA, Sevil-Serrano J, Sánchez-Miguel PA, López-Gil JF, Tremblay MS, García-Hermoso A. Prevalence of meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 387,437 participants and 23 countries. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:427-437. [PMID: 35066216 PMCID: PMC9338333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration) has been associated with positive health indicators. However, there are no previous meta-analyses that have examined the overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines from pre-school to adolescence across the world. Therefore, the main purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the overall (non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among preschoolers, children, and adolescents worldwide. METHODS Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for quantitative studies published in Spanish and English between January 2016 and May 2021. Studies that were conducted with apparently healthy participants and reported the overall (non)adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in preschoolers and/or children and/or adolescents were included. RESULTS Sixty-three studies comprising 387,437 individuals (51% girls) aged 3-18 years from 23 countries were included. Overall, 7.12% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 6.45%-7.78%) of youth met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, and 19.21% (95%CI: 16.73%-21.69%) met none of the 3 recommendations. Concerning sex, adherence to all recommendations was significantly lower in girls (3.75%, 95%CI: 3.23%-4.27%) than in boys (6.89%, 95%CI: 5.89%-7.89%) (p < 0.001). However, there were no sex differences regarding adherence to any of the 3 individual recommendations (girls, 15.66%, 95%CI: 8.40%-22.92%; boys, 12.95%, 95%CI: 6.57%-19.33%). In terms of age group, adherence to the 3 recommendations was 11.26% (95%CI: 8.68%-13.84%), 10.31% (95%CI: 7.49%-13.12%), and 2.68% (95%CI: 1.78%-3.58%) in preschoolers, children, and adolescents, respectively. Conversely, 8.81% (95%CI: 5.97%-11.64%) of preschoolers, 15.57% (95%CI: 11.60%-19.54%) of children, and 28.59% (95%CI: 22.42%-34.75%) of adolescents did not meet any of the recommendations. South America was the region with the lowest adherence (all: 2.93%; none: 31.72%). Overall adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was positively related to country Human Development Index (β = -0.37, 95%CI: -0.65 to -0.09; p = 0.010). CONCLUSION Most young people fail to meet the three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, particularly adolescents, girls, and those who are from countries with a lower Human Development Index. Moreover, 1 in 5 young people did not meet any of these recommendations. Therefore, these results highlight the need to develop age- and sex-specific strategies to promote these movement behaviors from the early stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, S/N, Cáceres 10071, Spain
| | - Javier Sevil-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, S/N, Cáceres 10071, Spain
| | - Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, S/N, Cáceres 10071, Spain
| | - José Francisco López-Gil
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Science, University of Murcia (UM), San Javier 30720, Spain
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Hospital Complex (CHN), Pamplona 310008, Spain.
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18
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Hansen J, Hanewinkel R, Galimov A. Physical activity, screen time, and sleep: do German children and adolescents meet the movement guidelines? Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:1985-1995. [PMID: 35113254 PMCID: PMC8811591 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The interactions between physical activity (PA), screen time, and sleep affect the health of children and adolescents. This study described the national prevalence estimates of German youth aged 9 to 18 years who meet PA, screen time, and sleep guidelines alone and in combination and examined the associations of demographic and personal characteristics with adherence to guidelines. Data from a 2019-2020 German student survey were used (n = 15,786). The target population consisted of children and adolescents enrolled in grades 5-10, with a mean age of 13.0 years (SD = 1.8) and an equal gender distribution (male: 50%). The levels of PA, screen time, and sleep were assessed by self-reports (online questionnaires). The prevalence rates of meeting each guideline individually and in different combinations were calculated, and multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of demographic and personal characteristics with meeting versus not meeting guidelines. Overall, 9.7% of the respondents met all three guidelines combined, and approximately 25% did not meet any of the guidelines. Half of the participants (50%) met the sleep guidelines, and approximately one third met the screen time (35%) and PA (37%) guidelines alone. Demographic characteristics associated with adherence to meeting all three movement guidelines included younger age, male gender, higher self-reported socioeconomic status, and school type. Personal characteristics related to adherence to meeting all three movement guidelines included better subjective school performance, less frequent attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), lower levels of depressive symptoms, lower body mass index (BMI), and not using substances in the past 30 days. CONCLUSION A low percentage of German children and adolescents met the movement guidelines. With increasing age, the proportion of young people who follow the recommendations decreases. There is an urgent need for health interventions devoted to youth behavior as a whole. WHAT IS KNOWN • High levels of PA, low levels of screen time, and optimal sleep duration provide enhanced health benefits in comparison to the adoption of just one of these behaviors. • Evidence shows that movement behaviors interact throughout the day and should be studied concurrently. WHAT IS NEW • Approximately 10% of German children and adolescents met the recommendations on PA, screen time, and sleep, while 25% did not meet any guidelines. • Meeting all guidelines was associated with less frequent ADHD and depressive symptoms, lower BMI, and less frequent substance use in the past 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hansen
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstrasse 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Reiner Hanewinkel
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstrasse 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Artur Galimov
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, Los Angeles, USA
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Hermassi S, Bartels T, Hayes LD, Schwesig R. Fitness, Fatness, and Academic Attainment in Male Schoolchildren from a Soccer Academy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053106. [PMID: 35270798 PMCID: PMC8910146 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This investigation explored the association between anthropometric measures, fitness, and academic attainment (mathematics and science grade point average [GPA]) in male schoolchildren from a soccer academy. Thirty-one males (age: 10.3 ± 1.19 years; body mass: 41.7 ± 6.5 kg; height: 1.43 ± 0.07 m; body mass index (BMI): 20.2 ± 2.8 kg/m2) participated. Body mass, body fat percentage (%BF), and BMI were used as measures of anthropometry. The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (level 1), squat and counter-movement jumps (SJ and CMJ), static balance, 10 and 15 m sprint, and a T-half test for change-of-direction (CoD) performance were used to measure fitness parameters. The GPA of mathematics and science determined academic attainment. All physical performance tests showed excellent relative reliability. ICC was between 0.87 (10 m sprint) and 1.00 (15 m sprint, CMJ). Regarding correlations between fatness and academic attainment, we found three correlations of practical value (r > 0.5), but only for mathematics (BMI: r = 0.540, subscapular skinfold: r = 0.589, body fat: r = 0.560). Mathematics was relevantly correlated with 15 m sprint (r = 0.574) and Yo-Yo IR1 test (r = 0.770). Only static balance (r = 0.428) did not reach the relevance criteria (r > 0.5). Science only showed large correlations with static balance (r = 0.620) and Yo-Yo IR1 test (r = 0.730). In conclusion, fatness and fitness are related to academic attainment in schoolchildren. In addition, except for static balance, all physical performance parameters were relevantly (r > 0.5) correlated with mathematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhail Hermassi
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas Bartels
- Sports Clinic Halle, Center of Joint Surgery, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Lawrence D. Hayes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow G72 0LH, UK;
| | - René Schwesig
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
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Brushe ME, Islam T, Monroy NS, Sincovich A, Gregory T, Finlay-Jones A, Brinkman SA. Prevalence of electronic device use before bed among Australian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional population level study. Aust N Z J Public Health 2022; 46:286-291. [PMID: 35174930 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of children and adolescents' electronic device use (EDU) in the hour before bed and identify sociodemographic groups that are at increased risk of problematic use. METHOD A contemporary population wide sample of South Australian school students aged 8-18 years (n = 70,936) was utilised to present descriptive statistics of EDU before bed across sociodemographic groups. Data was collected from the 2019 Wellbeing and Engagement Collection, an annual self-report census of students' health, wellbeing and school engagement. RESULTS 90% of children used an electronic device in the hour before bed at least one night a week, with 51% using a device every night. Older adolescent females in grades 10-12 were most frequent users and children from the most socioeconomically disadvantaged communities were also more likely to use electronic devices in the hour before bed. CONCLUSION EDU before bed is highly prevalent among Australian children and adolescents and given the negative health and educational impacts, it requires immediate and widespread action from policy makers to ensure the health of Australia's next generation. Implications for public health: The scale of the problem has now been identified; next steps rely on a public health approach to address this issue. This might include awareness raising campaigns and targeted interventions towards at-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Brushe
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Tamina Islam
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Neida Sechague Monroy
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Alanna Sincovich
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Tess Gregory
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Amy Finlay-Jones
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Sally A Brinkman
- Telethon Kids Institute, the University of Western Australia, Level 7, 31 Flinders St., Adelaide, South Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Adelaide, Level 9, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, Adelaide, South Australia
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21
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Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Educational Outcomes Among Australian University Students: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:211-222. [PMID: 35176726 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and educational outcomes (EO) in first-year university students in Australia. METHOD Participants (N = 80) engaged in 3 data collection points (semesters 1, 2, and 3) that included self-reported and device-based PA and SB, and objective EO measures. Cross-sectional associations were examined using linear and binary logistic regressions, and longitudinal associations were examined using generalized estimating equations. RESULT Overall, results indicated some positive but weak cross-sectional associations between some device-based and self-reported measures of PA and EO outcomes when controlling for confounders. Self-reported SB was negatively associated with semester GPA at time point 3 after adjusting for confounders (β = -0.224; 95% confidence interval, -0.446 to -0.001; P < .05). No other significant cross-sectional or longitudinal associations were identified. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that SB may be a more important target healthy behavior than PA when aiming to influence EO, and that related interventions may be more appropriate in second rather than first-year university students. Further research is needed to better understand this relationship that uses larger sample sizes, follows students beyond first year, and includes measures that distinguish between leisure and educational screen time.
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22
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Scully M, Gascoyne C, Wakefield M, Morley B. Prevalence and trends in Australian adolescents' adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines: findings from a repeated national cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:105. [PMID: 35033054 PMCID: PMC8760722 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 24-hour movement guidelines recommend a healthy balance of high levels of physical activity, low levels of sedentary behaviour and appropriate sleep duration each day. At present, surveillance data on how Australian adolescents are performing against these guidelines are lacking. This study aims to describe the extent to which Australian secondary school students are adhering to the physical activity, sedentary recreational screen time and sleep duration recommendations outlined in the national 24-hour movement guidelines for children and young people. It also examines whether there are socio-demographic differences in levels of compliance and if there have been significant changes in these behaviours over time. Methods A repeated national cross-sectional survey of students in grades 8 to 11 (ages 12-17 years) was conducted in 2009-2010 (n=13,790), 2012-2013 (n=10,309) and 2018 (n=9,102). Students’ self-reported physical activity, screen time and sleep behaviours were assessed using validated instruments administered in schools via a web-based questionnaire. Results In 2018, around one in four students (26%) did not meet any of the 24-hour movement guidelines, while only 2% of students met all three. Adherence to the sleep duration recommendation was highest (67%), with substantially smaller proportions of students meeting the physical activity (16%) and screen time (10%) recommendations. Differences in adherence by sex, grade level and socio-economic area were apparent. Students’ compliance with the screen time recommendation has declined over time, from 19% in 2009-2010 to 10% in 2018. However, there has been no significant change in the proportion meeting the physical activity (15% in 2009-2010 cf. 16% in 2018) and sleep duration (69% in 2009-2010 cf. 67% in 2018) recommendations. Compliance with all three guidelines has remained very low (<3%) across each survey round. Conclusions There is considerable scope to improve Australian adolescents’ physical activity and sedentary behaviours in line with the national 24-hour movement guidelines. Policy proposals and environmental interventions, particularly those focused on replacing sedentary screen time with physical activity (e.g. promotion of active commuting to/from school), are needed to better support Australian adolescents in meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maree Scully
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Claudia Gascoyne
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Melanie Wakefield
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Belinda Morley
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
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23
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Tapia-Serrano MA, García-Hermoso A, Sevil-Serrano J, Sánchez-Oliva D, Sánchez-Miguel PA. Is adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines associated with a higher academic achievement among adolescent males and females? J Sci Med Sport 2021; 25:155-161. [PMID: 34649760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the independent and combined associations of 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration with academic achievement in adolescent males and females. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS 1290 Spanish adolescents (565 females), aged 11 to 16 years (13.06 ± 0.84), participated in this study. Self-reported physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration questionnaires were assessed. Academic achievement was calculated as an average score of the adolescents'' grades in first language (Spanish), first foreign language (English), and mathematics subjects. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the association between meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and academic achievement. Covariates included age, sex, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and cardiorespiratory fitness. RESULTS Not meeting any of the three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was associated with lower academic achievement in the whole sample (p < 0.001). Meeting physical activity and sleep duration guidelines, both independently and together, was associated with higher academic achievement in the whole sample (p < 0.001). Meeting at least two recommendations was associated with higher academic achievement in males (p < 0.01). However, trend analysis revealed that participants who met two or three recommendations had higher academic achievement compared to those who met one or none of these recommendations (p < 0.05). All these results were similar for males and females. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the importance of promoting more than one 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, mainly physical activity and sleep duration, which seems to contribute positively to increased academic performance in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Hospital Complex (CHN), Spain; School of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Chile.
| | - Javier Sevil-Serrano
- Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Grupo Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Universidad de Extremadura, Facultad de Educación, Av. de Elvas, s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - David Sánchez-Oliva
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Spain.
| | - Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Spain.
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24
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Kieslinger K, Wartha O, Pollatos O, Steinacker JM, Kobel S. Parental Self-Efficacy-A Predictor of Children's Health Behaviors? Its Impact on Children's Physical Activity and Screen Media Use and Potential Interaction Effect Within a Health Promotion Program. Front Psychol 2021; 12:712796. [PMID: 34456826 PMCID: PMC8397494 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient physical activity (PA) and increased screen media use (SMU) can have detrimental effects on children's health. Parental self-efficacy (PSE) can act as an important predictor for a healthy upbringing. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of PSE on children's PA and SMU. Additionally, a moderating effect of PSE on the intervention effect of the health promotion program “Join the Healthy Boat” was examined. Using a prospective randomized controlled trial, 558 kindergarten children (3.6 years [SD = 0.6]) were examined. Data was collected using parental self-report. A significant influence of PSE on children's PA (B = 0.33, p = 0.025) and children's SMU (B = 0.42, p = 0.006) was found. The moderating effect of PSE on the intervention effect was neither significantly related to children's PA (p = 0.360) nor to children's SMU (p = 0.531). This confirms the importance of PSE on children's health development. Despite the lack of a moderating effect, interventions should also promote healthy activity behaviors and self-efficacy for parents in order to engage children in a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Kieslinger
- Department Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Olivia Wartha
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Centre of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Olga Pollatos
- Department Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jürgen M Steinacker
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Centre of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne Kobel
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Centre of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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25
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Oakley J, Peters RL, Wake M, Grobler AC, Kerr JA, Lycett K, Cassim R, Russell M, Sun C, Tang MLK, Koplin JJ, Mavoa S. Backyard benefits? A cross-sectional study of yard size and greenness and children's physical activity and outdoor play. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1402. [PMID: 34266397 PMCID: PMC8283889 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The home environment is the most important location in young children's lives, yet few studies have examined the relationship between the outdoor home environment and child physical activity levels, and even fewer have used objectively measured exposures and outcomes. This study examined relationships between objectively assessed home yard size and greenness, and child physical activity and outdoor play. METHODS Data were drawn from the HealthNuts study, a longitudinal study of 5276 children in Melbourne, Australia. We used cross-sectional data from a sample at Wave 3 (2013-2016) when participants were aged 6 years (n = 1648). A sub-sample of 391 children had valid accelerometer data collected from Tri-axial GENEActive accelerometers worn on their non-dominant wrist for 8 consecutive days. Yard area and greenness were calculated using geographic information systems. Objective outcome measures were minutes/day in sedentary, light, and moderate-vigorous physical activity (weekday and weekend separately). Parent-reported outcome measures were minutes/day playing outdoors (weekend and weekday combined). Multi-level regression models (adjusted for child's sex, mother's age at the birth of child, neighbourhood socioeconomic index, maternal education, and maternal ethnicity) estimated effects of yard size and greenness on physical activity. RESULTS Data were available on outdoor play for 1648 children and usable accelerometer data for 391. Associations between yard size/greenness and components of physical activity were minimal. For example, during weekdays, yard size was not associated with daily minutes in sedentary behaviour (β: 2.4, 95% CI: - 6.2, 11.0), light physical activity (β: 1.4, 95% CI: - 5.7, 8.5) or MVPA (β: -2.4, 95% CI: - 6.5, 1.7), with similar patterns at weekends. There was no relationship between median annual yard greenness and physical activity or play. CONCLUSION In our study of young children residing in higher socio-economic areas of Melbourne yard characteristics did not appear to have a major impact on children's physical activity. Larger studies with greater variation in yard characteristics and identification of activity location are needed to better understand the importance of home outdoor spaces and guide sustainable city planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Oakley
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel L Peters
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anneke C Grobler
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica A Kerr
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Raisa Cassim
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Melissa Russell
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cong Sun
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Suzanne Mavoa
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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26
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Adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among Spanish Adolescents: Differences between Boys and Girls. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020095. [PMID: 33535696 PMCID: PMC7912944 DOI: 10.3390/children8020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for adolescents recommend ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), ≤ 2 h/day of screen time, and 8–10 h/day of sleep. Since little information is available on the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in Spanish adolescents, this study aims to estimate the proportion of Spanish adolescents meeting individual and combinations of these 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Moreover, another aim of this study is to examine gender differences in compliance with 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Methods: A final sample of 1465 Spanish adolescents (44.50% girls; 13.08 ± 0.86) participated in this cross-sectional study. The 24-Hour Movement Guidelines were measured during weekdays and the weekend days by self-reported questionnaires. Results: Although most adolescents met sleep duration guidelines (81.3%), only 38% and 15.8% met physical activity and screen time guidelines, respectively. Only 5.4% of these adolescents met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, whereas 10.2% of this sample did not meet any of these guidelines. Although boys reported greater compliance with physical activity recommendations and girls with screen time recommendations, no significant gender differences were found in the compliance of all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Conclusion: Given that 94.4% of Spanish adolescents did not meet 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, promoting all these three movement behaviours in both boys and girls is an urgent public health priority.
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Intervention Effects of the Health Promotion Programme "Join the Healthy Boat" on Objectively Assessed Sedentary Time in Primary School Children in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239029. [PMID: 33287418 PMCID: PMC7730991 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviour (SB) in children is related to negative health consequences that can track into adulthood. The programme "Join the Healthy Boat" promotes reduced screen time and a less sedentary lifestyle in schoolchildren. This study investigated the effects of the programme on children's SB. For one year, teachers delivered the programme. A total of 231 children (7.0 ± 0.6 years) participated in the cluster-randomised study; there were 154 one year later at follow-up. Children's SB was assessed using multi-sensor accelerometery, screen time via parental questionnaire. Effects were analysed using (linear) mixed effects regression models. At baseline, children spent 211 (±89) min daily in SB, at follow-up 259 (±109) min/day with no significant difference between the intervention (IG) and control group (CG). SB was higher during weekends (p < 0.01, for CG and IG). However, at follow-up, daily screen time decreased in IG (screen time of >1 h/day: baseline: 33.3% vs. 27.4%; follow-up: 41.2% vs. 27.5%, for CG and IG, respectively). This multi-dimensional, low-threshold intervention for one year does not seem to achieve a significant reduction in children's SB, although screen time decreased in IG. Therefore, it should be considered that screen time cannot be the key contributor to SB and should not solely be used for changing children's SB. However, if screen time is targeted, interventions should promote the replacement of screen time with active alternatives.
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