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Li YS, Ren HC, Li H, Xing M, Cao JH. From oxidative stress to metabolic dysfunction: The role of TRPM2. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 284:138081. [PMID: 39603285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndromes including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension are increasingly prevalent worldwide. The disorders are the primary attributes of oxidative stress and inflammation. The transient receptor potential M2 (TRPM2) channel is a pivotal mediator linking oxidative stress to metabolic dysfunction. TRPM2, a non-selective cation channel activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR), regulates calcium influx, inflammation, and cell death across various tissues. This review explores the structural and activation mechanisms of TRPM2, emphasizing its significance in metabolic diseases. Elevated levels of TRPM2 play a vital role in the disease progression by influencing physiological and cellular processes such as endothelial dysfunction, immune cell activation, and mitochondrial impairment. In conditions such as atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension; TRPM2 exacerbates oxidative damage, amplifies inflammatory responses, and disrupts metabolic homeostasis. Recent research highlights the potential of TRPM2 as a therapeutic target, developing specified inhibitors. This review underscores the multifaceted role of TRPM2 in metabolic disorders and its promise as a target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shuang Li
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Third People's Hospital affiliated with Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, PR China
| | - Hua-Cheng Ren
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Third People's Hospital affiliated with Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Third People's Hospital affiliated with Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, PR China
| | - Man Xing
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Third People's Hospital affiliated with Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Cao
- Intravenous Drug Administration Center, Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Third People's Hospital affiliated with Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266041, PR China.
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2
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Parker J, Moris JM, Goodman LC, Paidisetty VK, Vanegas V, Turner HA, Melgar D, Koh Y. A multifactorial lens on risk factors promoting the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2025; 1846:149262. [PMID: 39374837 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among adults has continued to increase over the last two decades, which has sparked a significant increase in research that focuses on the topic of "brain health." While AD is partially determined by a genetic predisposition, there are still numerous pathophysiological factors that require further research. This research requirement stems from the acknowledgment that AD is a multifactorial disease that to date, cannot be prevented. Therefore, addressing and understanding the potential AD risk factors is necessary to increase the quality of life of an aging population. To raise awareness of critical pathways that impact AD progression, this review manuscript describes AD etiologies, structural impairments, and biomolecular changes that can significantly increase the risk of AD. Among them, a special highlight is given to inflammasomes, which have been shown to bolster neuroinflammation. Alike, the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, an essential neuropeptide that promotes the preservation of cognition is presented. In addition, the functional role of neurovascular units to regulate brain health is highlighted and contrasted to inflammatory conditions, such as cellular senescence, vascular damage, and increased visceral adiposity, who all increase the risk of neuroinflammation. Altogether, a multifactorial interventional approach is warranted to reduce the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Parker
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Jose M Moris
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Lily C Goodman
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Vineet K Paidisetty
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Vicente Vanegas
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Haley A Turner
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Melgar
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Yunsuk Koh
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
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Wu G, Ding C, Shi CL, Zhang XC, Lei GR, Wang S, Qin HD, Shi TF. Circular RNA 14580 promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression by interacting with CTSW/fibrosis singling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 286:138538. [PMID: 39653218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 11/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is an increasingly prevalent endocrine malignancy, with a subset exhibiting aggressive features such as lymphatic metastasis and resistance to iodine therapy. Recent studies suggest that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant role in PTC pathology. High throughput circRNA sequencing identified circRNA_14580 as notably upregulated in PTC tissues. This circRNA is implicated in crucial tumorigenic processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, and migration of PTC cells. Mechanistic investigations reveal that circ_14580 interacts with cathepsin W (CTSW), a key player in PTC-associated fibrosis. Notably, silencing circ_14580 diminishes the activation and collagen production of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), highlighting its role in modulating the tumor microenvironment. These findings underscore circ_14580 as a critical oncogene in PTC and suggest that targeting the circ_14580/CTSW/fibrosis axis could offer novel therapeutic strategies for controlling PTC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chen-Lei Shi
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Cong Zhang
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guo-Rong Lei
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hua-Dong Qin
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Tie-Feng Shi
- Departments of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Mafi A, Mokhtari Z, Hosseini E, Alimohammadi M, Aarabi MH, Askari G. Effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus) Supplementation on Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Indices, and Renal and Liver Function Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae121. [PMID: 39657222 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Clinical investigation has shown that the addition of saffron or crocin to standard antidiabetic medications improves a patient's metabolic profile, oxidative stress (OS), and inflammatory response. Despite a large number of studies examining the impact of saffron supplementation on OS, inflammation, and renal and liver function parameters, no systematic review or meta-analysis has been conducted to compile the outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE The current systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effect of saffron or crocin intake on OS, inflammation, and renal and liver function parameters in patients with T2DM. DATA SOURCES Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched up to December 2023. DATA EXTRACTION The mean differences and their respective SDs were extracted. Using a random-effects model, the pooled data were calculated as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI. DATA ANALYSIS 17 eligible randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that saffron supplementation remarkably decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (SMD: -0.37; 95% CI: -0.69 to -0.05; I2 = 40.77%, P = .15), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD: -0.38; 95% CI: -0.65 to -0.10; I2 = 0%, P = .68), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.65 to -0.07; I2= 20.51%, P = .02) compared with the control. In addition, based on subgroup analyses, taking ≥100 mg of saffron daily in individuals with T2DM reduced the serum levels of IL-6 (SMD: -0.50; 95% CI: -0.90 to -0.10; I2 = 0%, P = .50) and MDA (SMD: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.68 to -0.03; I2 = 0, P = .97). Furthermore, the level of alanine transaminase was decreased (SMD: -0.43; 95% CI: -0.73 to -0.12; I2 = 0, P = .66) with a treatment period of <60 days of saffron or crocin supplementation. CONCLUSION Larger studies with more follow-up and higher doses of both saffron and crocin are needed in order to understand the efficacy and safety of these herbs for long-term use as routine therapies. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023458119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Elham Hosseini
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Aarabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81745-151, Iran
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Shakour N, Mahdinezhad MR, Asgharzadeh F, Khazaei M, Simental-Mendía LE, Roshan NM, Sahebkar A, Hadizadeh F. Antioxidant effects of a novel pioglitazone analogue (PA9) in a rat model of diabetes: Modulation of redox homeostasis and preservation of tissue architecture. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108897. [PMID: 39489911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen-free radicals have been implicated in the initiation of diabetic complications. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), known for their antidiabetic properties, also demonstrate notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Although a recently developed imidazolyl analogue of pioglitazone (PA9) has exhibited superior glucose-lowering efficacy compared to pioglitazone, its antioxidant effects remain unexplored. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant properties of PA9 in animal models with diabetes. Rats were randomly separated into the following four groups: control, diabetic, and two groups treated orally with pioglitazone as a standard drug and PA9 for ten days. Upon completion of the experiment, tissues from the liver, heart, brain, pancreas, spleen, and kidneys were collected to assess oxidant/antioxidant markers and histological alterations. The administration of PA9 resulted in a noteworthy reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to the diabetic group (p < 0.05). The group receiving PA9 displayed elevated levels of three antioxidant markers, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total thiol, in pancreatic tissue compared to diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Furthermore, increased content of CAT was evident in the heart (p < 0.05), spleen (p < 0.001), brain, and kidney tissues in the PA9-treated group, along with augmented thiol content in the spleen compared to the diabetic group. Remarkably, no significant histological changes were observed in the liver, pancreas, heart, brain, spleen, and kidneys of the PA9-treated groups relative to diabetic rats. PA9 effectively mitigates oxidative stress, modulates redox homeostasis, and shows promise in preventing diabetic complications. The proven safety profile of this analogue underscores its potential, warranting comprehensive clinical evaluation to thoroughly understand its therapeutic scope and efficacy in the management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shakour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mahdinezhad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Nema Mohamadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Li S, Wan J, Peng Z, Huang Q, He B. New insights of DsbA-L in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:3293-3303. [PMID: 38430301 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are abnormal conditions that result from disturbances of metabolism. With the improvement of living conditions, the morbidity and mortality rates of metabolic diseases are steadily rising, posing a significant threat to human health worldwide. Therefore, identifying novel effective targets for metabolic diseases is crucial. Accumulating evidence has indicated that disulfide bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L) delays the development of metabolic diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of DsbA-L in metabolic diseases remain unclear. In this review, we will discuss the roles of DsbA-L in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and NAFLD, and highlight the potential mechanisms. These findings suggest that DsbA-L might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jinfa Wan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhenyu Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Baimei He
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Barakat S, Çimen Ş, Miri SM, Vatandaşlar E, Yelkenci HE, San Martín A, Beker MÇ, Kök K, Öztürk G, Eroglu E. Bioenergetic shift and proteomic signature induced by lentiviral-transduction of GFP-based biosensors. Redox Biol 2024; 78:103416. [PMID: 39509993 PMCID: PMC11574814 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2024] [Revised: 10/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins (FPs) stand as pivotal tools extensively employed across diverse biological research endeavors in various model systems. However, long-standing concerns surround their use due to the numerous side effects associated with their expression. Recent investigations have brought to light the significance of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that is associated with the maturation process of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorophores. The structural and functional impairments associated with GFP expression are possibly linked to this amount of H2O2. In this study, we assess the impact of the GFP-based HyPer7 biosensor on cellular homeostasis and proteome changes, aiming to identify potential risks related to oxidative stress responses that potentially risks the application of such tools. Cells expressing genome-integrated HyPer7 demonstrated altered mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which was alleviated by the addition of antioxidants or culturing cells at physiological normoxia (5 kPa O2). Additionally, HyPer7-expressing cells also exhibited significant impairment in mitochondrial oxidative respiration, suggesting broader mitochondrial dysfunction. Through untargeted proteomics analysis, we identified 26 proteins exhibiting differential expression in HyPer7-expressing cells compared to respective control cells. Functional annotation analysis showed that the list of the delineated proteins is associated with cellular responses to stress and the regulation of antioxidant mechanisms. Our findings underscore the significance of caution and validation in ensuring a thorough comprehension of cellular responses when using fluorescent protein-based tools, thereby enhancing the reliability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Barakat
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Çimen
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institution of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Seyed Mohammad Miri
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey; Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Emre Vatandaşlar
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Ecem Yelkenci
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Alejandro San Martín
- Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), 5110466, Valdivia, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, 5110773, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Mustafa Çağlar Beker
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Kıvanç Kök
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey.
| | - Gürkan Öztürk
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14030, Turkey.
| | - Emrah Eroglu
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey; Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
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Yavuz O, Dincel GC, Yildirim S, El-Ashram S, Al-Olayan E. Impact of apoptosis and oxidative stress on pancreatic beta cell pathophysiology in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Tissue Cell 2024; 91:102552. [PMID: 39255742 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperglycemia plays a crucial role in the islet cells, especially pancreatic beta cell death in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, a few research have concentrated on the pathophysiology of apoptosis and oxidative stress in T1DM. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, 8-OHdG, Glutathione Reductase, endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the pancreatic tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM patients and to compare the cellular mechanisms underlying this metabolic disorder. METHODS For this purpose, a total of 20 Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups: Control (C) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In the DM group, T1DM was induced by STZ. Rats in the C group were injected intravenously with buffer solution. At the end of the day 20, rats were necropsied and immunohistochemical procedures were applied. RESULTS The immunohistochemical examination revealed, strong positive immunoreactions were observed in the islet cells of the DM groups, particularly when all antibody stains were considered. On the other hand, the C groups showed minimal changes. The difference between the C and DM groups in terms of all antibodies was statistically significant (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In the present study, it was concluded that apoptosis, oxidative stress and NOS expressions were involved in islet cell destruction in pancreatic tissue in STZ-induced T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Yavuz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35890, Kiraz, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Gungor Cagdas Dincel
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 18 Jiangwan Street, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 18 Jiangwan Street, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong Province, China; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Ebtesam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Bamberg EE, Maslanka M, Vinod-Paul K, Sams S, Pollack E, Conklin M, Kabos P, Hansen KC. Obesity-driven changes in breast tissue exhibit a pro-angiogenic extracellular matrix signature. Matrix Biol Plus 2024; 24:100162. [PMID: 39380725 PMCID: PMC11460480 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2024.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, emerging as a risk factor for the onset of breast cancer and a harbinger of unfavorable outcomes [1], [2], [3]. Despite limited understanding of the precise mechanisms, both obesity and breast cancer are associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) rewiring [4], [5], [6]. Utilizing total breast tissue proteomics, we analyzed normal-weight (18.5 to < 25 kg/m2), overweight (25 to < 30 kg/m2), and obese (≥30 kg/m2) individuals to identify potential ECM modifying proteins for cancer development and acceleration. Obese individuals exhibited substantial ECM alterations, marked by increased basement membrane deposition, angiogenic signatures, and ECM-modifying proteins. Notably, the collagen IV crosslinking enzyme peroxidasin (PXDN) emerged as a potential mediator of the ECM changes in individuals with an elevated body mass index (BMI), strongly correlating with angiogenic and basement membrane signatures. Furthermore, glycan-binding proteins galectin-1 (LGALS1) and galectin-3 (LGALS3), which play crucial roles in matrix interactions and angiogenesis, also strongly correlate with ECM modifications. In breast cancer, elevated PXDN, LGALS1, and LGALS3 correlate with reduced relapse-free and distant-metastatic-free survival. These proteins were significantly associated with mesenchymal stromal cell markers, indicating adipocytes and fibroblasts may be the primary contributors of the obesity-related ECM changes. Our findings unveil a pro-angiogenic ECM signature in obese breast tissue, offering potential targets to inhibit breast cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E Bamberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark Maslanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kiran Vinod-Paul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sharon Sams
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erica Pollack
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew Conklin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center (Tumor Microenvironment Program), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Laboratory for Optical and Computations Instrumentation, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter Kabos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Wang M, Qu Y, Wang S, Qu Z. Oxidative stress regulates glycogen synthase kinase-3 in lymphocytes of diabetes mellitus patients complicated with cerebral infarction. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20241095. [PMID: 39655056 PMCID: PMC11627032 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 11/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the role of oxidative stress on glycogen synthase kinase-3 in lymphocytes of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients complicated with cerebral infarction (CI). Materials and methods A total of 186 DM patients were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, including 89 DM patients alone (DM group) and 97 DM patients with CI (DM + CI) group. Eighty-one patients with CI were selected as the CI group, and 80 normal subjects over 50 years were selected as the control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum were determined by colorimetric assays. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results (1) Compared with the control group, the SOD and GSH-Px activities in the DM group and DM + CI group were decreased, accompanied by higher MDA content. Furthermore, phosphorylation of GSK-3β was decreased. (2) In the DM + CI group, SOD activity was decreased on days 7 and 10 and month 3 compared to the CI group and was decreased on day 7 compared to the DM group. MDA content was increased from day 0 to month 3 compared to the CI group. On days 1, 7, and 10, GSH-Px activity was lower than the DM group, and on day 10 and month 3, it was lower than the CI group. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β was decreased on days 7 and 10 compared to the DM group and was decreased from day 1 to month 3 compared to the CI group. Conclusion In the present study, we demonstrated that the oxidative stress in peripheral lymphocytes of DM patients complicated with CI was stronger, and the GSK-3 activity was higher. It suggested that oxidative stress might enhance the GSK-3 activity, which might provide a diagnostic and therapeutic approach for DM complicated with CI, and targeting GSK-3 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Neurology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming650500, China
| | - Shujin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Zibo Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Zibo, 25520, China
| | - Zhongsen Qu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
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11
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Nguyen Ngoc Dang H, Viet Luong T, Kiem Pham A, Trung Le T, Duc Le N, Minh Nguyen H, Anh Hoang T, Anh Ho B. Exploring the bidirectional link between erectile dysfunction and 10-year cardiovascular risk in men with diabetes and hypertension. Sci Rep 2024; 14:28816. [PMID: 39567552 PMCID: PMC11579426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) shares common risk factors with cardiovascular (CV) disease, such as a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, the relationship between ED and CV risk in Vietnam remains unknown. To investigate this, we conducted a multi-center observational study, randomly selecting 2,936 men aged 40 to 69 years in Vietnam, with 385 participants included after exclusions. The study evaluated the 10-year CV risk using the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2-Diabetes (SCORE2-Diabetes) score and assessed ED using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score. Results showed that men with diabetes mellitus and hypertension had significantly lower IIEF-5 scores compared to healthy individuals (18 [15-22] vs. 23 [20-24], p < 0.001). Additionally, the IIEF-5 score proved effective in identifying patients at very high CV risk, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.747, a cutoff point of 18.5, sensitivity of 69.6%, and specificity of 69.9%. Furthermore, we found a significant inverse correlation between SCORE2-Diabetes and IIEF-5 (ρ = -0.45 and p < 0.001). These findings establish a significant connection between ED and CV risk in men with diabetes, underscoring the need for integrated screening and management strategies to address both conditions concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thang Viet Luong
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, 530000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Kiem Pham
- Kien Giang General Hospital, Kien Giang, 92000, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Hung Minh Nguyen
- Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital, Ha Noi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tien Anh Hoang
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, 530000, Vietnam
| | - Binh Anh Ho
- Cardiovascular Center, Hue Central Hospital, Hue, 53000, Vietnam.
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12
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Fernandes-Costa F, Gomes da Silva RT, de Almeida AJPO, de Medeiros IA, de Assis Tafuri LS, Dos Santos GJ, Carlstrom M, Cruz JC. Organic vs. inorganic nitrates: Metabolic and vascular outcomes in STZ-induced diabetes in mice. Life Sci 2024; 359:123257. [PMID: 39561873 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic animals often display dysregulated nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, contributing to vascular dysfunction. This study evaluates the metabolic and vascular effects of organic nitrate isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) versus inorganic sodium nitrate (NaNO3) in mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) induced by streptozotocin (STZ). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH T1DM was induced in male C57Bl6 mice with STZ ip and confirmed by fasting glucose. Mice were treated with ISMN (10 mg·kg-1) or NaNO3 (85 mg·L-1) for 14 days. A combination of in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies assessed cardiometabolic benefits. RESULTS Both nitrates reduced blood and urinary hyperglycemia in T1DM mice, with ISMN exhibiting more significant reductions in blood glucose. ISMN and NaNO3 similarly reduced water and food intake, urinary volume, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance while increasing insulin and nitrite levels in serum and urine. Both nitrates improved endothelium-independent vascular function and attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) while increasing NO levels in the aortic rings of T1DM mice. Furthermore, both nitrates similarly reduced mean arterial pressure in T1DM mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ISMN and NaNO₃ have demonstrated comparable hypotensive and antioxidant effects, offering metabolic and vascular benefits in STZ-TDM1 mice. The more pronounced reduction in blood glucose with ISMN treatment compared to NaNO₃ is particularly promising. The antihyperglycemic effects of both nitrates were linked to increased serum insulin levels and enhanced insulin sensitivity. These results provide a foundation for future clinical studies to evaluate the potential of ISMN or NaNO3 as antidiabetogenic and antihypertensive adjuvant therapies in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francineide Fernandes-Costa
- Graduate Program in Bioactive Synthetic and Natural Products, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isac Almeida de Medeiros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Jorge Dos Santos
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Brazil
| | - Mattias Carlstrom
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Rostoff P, Drwiła-Stec D, Majda A, Stępień K, Nessler J, Gajos G. Lipophilic index of serum phospholipids in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: links with metabolic control, vascular inflammation and platelet activation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:409. [PMID: 39548549 PMCID: PMC11568620 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the association of the serum phospholipid lipophilic index (LI) with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, we investigated whether the LI is associated with glucometabolic control, meta-inflammation, thrombin generation, fibrin clot properties, endothelial function and platelet activation in T2D patients with angiographically documented ASCVD. METHODS We studied 74 T2D patients with ASCVD, aged 65.6 ± 6.8 years, with a median diabetes duration of 10 years and median HbA1c of 7.0%. Serum phospholipid fatty acids (FAs) were measured by gas chromatography. The serum phospholipid LI was calculated as the sum of the products of the proportion (% of total FAs) with the melting points (°C) of each individual FA, divided by the sum of the proportions of all FAs. Levels of HbA1c, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, lipid profiles, inflammatory markers (hsCRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α), Lp-PLA2 (a biomarker of vascular inflammation), endothelial function (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, FMD, NMD), thrombin generation, fibrin clot properties and platelet activation, measured by light transmission aggregometry with arachidonic acid [AA] and adenosine diphosphate [ADP], were assessed. RESULTS Patients with LI > 16.9 °C (median) had higher HbA1c concentrations by 5.9% compared to the remaining subjects (p = 0.035). In this group, HbA1c levels ≥ 7.0% were found more often than in individuals with LI ≤ 16.9 °C (62.2 vs. 35.1%; p = 0.020). Subjects with LI > 16.9 °C had higher levels of TCh by 17.1% (p = 0.012), LDL-Ch by 29.4% (p = 0.003), interleukin-6 by 22.2% (p = 0.031) and Lp-PLA2 by 32.4% (p = 0.040), compared to the remaining patients. Moreover, they had increased maximal platelet aggregation induced by AA (p = 0.045), but not by ADP. Serum phospholipid LI correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.24; p = 0.037), TCh (r = 0.36; p = 0.002), LDL-Ch (r = 0.38; p < 0.001), interleukin-6 (r = 0.27; p = 0.020) and Lp-PLA2 (r = 0.26; p = 0.026). There were no intergroup differences in endothelial function, thrombin generation and fibrin clot properties. Regression analysis showed that HbA1c ≥ 7.0% and serum levels of LDL-Ch, interleukin-6 and Lp-PLA2 were predictors of LI > 16.9 °C in adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS In well-controlled T2D patients with ASCVD, the higher serum phospholipid LI is associated with worse glucometabolic control, enhanced vascular inflammation and higher platelet reactivity during aspirin treatment at cyclooxygenase-1-selective doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Rostoff
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- St. John Paul II Hospital, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Anna Majda
- St. John Paul II Hospital, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
| | - Konrad Stępień
- St. John Paul II Hospital, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Thromboembolic Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Nessler
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- St. John Paul II Hospital, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Gajos
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
- St. John Paul II Hospital, 80 Pradnicka Street, 31-202, Krakow, Poland.
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14
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Flores-Roco A, Lago BM, Villa-Bellosta R. Elevated glucose levels increase vascular calcification risk by disrupting extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:405. [PMID: 39529124 PMCID: PMC11555999 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, especially diabetes, where it exacerbates morbidity and mortality. Although pyrophosphate is a recognized natural inhibitor of vascular calcification, there have been no prior studies examining its specific deficiency in diabetic conditions. This study is the first to analyze the direct link between elevated glucose levels and disruptions in extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism. METHODS Rat aortic smooth muscle cells, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, and diabetic human aortic smooth muscle cells were used to assess the effects of elevated glucose levels on pyrophosphate metabolism and vascular calcification. The techniques used include extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism assays, thin-layer chromatography, phosphate-induced calcification assays, BrdU incorporation for DNA synthesis, aortic smooth muscle cell viability and proliferation assays, and quantitative PCR for enzyme expression analysis. Additionally, extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism was examined through the use of radiolabeled isotopes to track ATP and pyrophosphate transformations. RESULTS Elevated glucose led to a significant reduction in extracellular pyrophosphate across all diabetic models. This metabolic disruption was marked by notable downregulation of both the expression and activity of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1, a key enzyme that converts ATP to pyrophosphate. We also observed an upregulation of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, which preferentially hydrolyzes ATP to inorganic phosphate rather than pyrophosphate. Moreover, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity was markedly elevated across all diabetic models. This shift in enzyme activity significantly reduced the pyrophosphate/phosphate ratio. In addition, we noted a marked downregulation of matrix Gla protein, another inhibitor of vascular calcification. The impaired pyrophosphate metabolism was further corroborated by calcification experiments across all three diabetic models, which demonstrated an increased propensity for vascular calcification. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that diabetes-induced high glucose disrupts extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism, compromising its protective role against vascular calcification. These findings identify pyrophosphate deficiency as a potential mechanism in diabetic vascular calcification, highlighting a new therapeutic target. Strategies aimed at restoring or enhancing pyrophosphate levels may offer significant potential in mitigating cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients, meriting further investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Diphosphates/metabolism
- Animals
- Humans
- Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Pyrophosphatases/metabolism
- Pyrophosphatases/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism
- Alkaline Phosphatase/blood
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Matrix Gla Protein
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aorta/drug effects
- 5'-Nucleotidase
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Flores-Roco
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS). Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesia da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belinda M Lago
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS). Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesia da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS). Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesia da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS). Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avenida de Barcelona S/N, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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15
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Song S, Ni J, Sun Y, Pu Q, Zhang L, Yan Q, Yu J. Association of inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1459752. [PMID: 39574905 PMCID: PMC11580751 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1459752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous observational studies have suggested associations between various inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. However, the causal association remains uncertain. Method Summary statistics for type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy were obtained from a publicly available genome-wide association study. Data on inflammatory cytokines were sourced from a genome-wide association study on protein quantitative trait loci. The inverse variance-weighted method was applied as the primary method for causal inference. MR-Egger, weighted mode, and weighted median method were employed as supplementary analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed to detect heterogeneity and potential horizontal pleiotropy in the study. Result Genetic evidence indicated that elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 19 levels promoted the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and increased concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 levels, C-C motif chemokine 19 levels, eotaxin levels, and interleukin-10 mitigated the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, while type 2 diabetes mellitus did not exert a significant influence on said proteins. Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 and TNF-related activation-induced cytokine were associated with an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy, and increased concentrations of interleukin-1-alpha and transforming growth factor-alpha were potentially correlated with a diminished risk of diabetic nephropathy. Sensitivity analyses further ensure the robustness of our findings. Conclusion Mendelian randomization analysis highlights a causal association between inflammatory cytokines with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy, offering valuable evidence and reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Pu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianhua Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangyi Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Clim A, Maranduca MA, Filip N, Tănase DM, Floria M, Pinzariu AC, Popa IP, Nemteanu R, Cozma TC, Faur FI, Serban DN, Scripcariu DV, Serban IL. The Influence of Atorvastatin Treatment on Homocysteine Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in an Experimental Model of Diabetic Rats. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1414. [PMID: 39598213 PMCID: PMC11595749 DOI: 10.3390/life14111414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In our experimental study, we evaluated the influence of treatment with atorvastatin on the antioxidant activity of intracellular and extracellular systems factors, homocysteine levels (Hcy), and lipid profiles in obese and diabetic rats. METHOD Twenty-one male Wistar rats, aged 6 months, 450-550 g, were allocated into three groups. From the beginning of the study, the first group (G-I, control) received only standard food, while the second and third groups (G II-obese, G III-diabetic) were administered a high-fat diet (HFD) with 2% cholesterol. After 2 weeks of accommodation, the specimens in G-III were injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) streptozotocin (35 mg of body weight, pH 4.5), intervention followed by the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Following confirmation of diabetes onset, the specimens in G III were administered concomitantly with the HFD a daily gavage of atorvastatin 20 mg of body weight/day for 20 days. We measured, at the beginning and the end of the study, the Hcy levels, lipid profile, vitamin B12, B6, folic acid, and various parameters of oxidative stress (OS)-total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). RESULTS After treatment with atorvastatin, the lipid profile in G III significantly improved compared to the other two groups, but enzymatic markers of oxidative stress did not closely parallel this trend. However, after the treatment of statin, we observed an important reduction in Hcy values. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that treatment with atorvastatin can be used not only for its lipid-lowering properties and antioxidant effects but also to reduce Hcy concentration in this experimental model of diabetic rats. Moreover, atorvastatin therapy improves lipid profiles, reduces inflammation, suppresses oxidation, and decreases Hcy levels, potentially preventing major adverse cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Clim
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Minela Aida Maranduca
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “St Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania;
| | - Nina Filip
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Biochemistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Daniela Maria Tănase
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “St Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania;
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “St Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania;
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Alin Constantin Pinzariu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Irene Paula Popa
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
| | - Roxana Nemteanu
- Medical I Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
| | - Tudor Cristian Cozma
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Flaviu Ionut Faur
- 2nd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
- X Department of General Surgery, “Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Doctoral School “Vasile Goldis”, Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Dragomir Nicolae Serban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Dragoș Viorel Scripcariu
- Surgery Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
- 1st Surgical Oncology Unit, Regional Institute of Oncology, 2–4 General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, 700483 Iași, Romania
| | - Ionela Lacramioara Serban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.C.); (M.A.M.); (A.C.P.); (I.P.P.); (T.C.C.); (D.N.S.); (I.L.S.)
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Mai Y, Yan S, Gong L. Cardiovascular health metrics and diabetic nephropathy: a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:3569-3584. [PMID: 38839692 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is well-documented to be multifactorial. However, research available on the association between cardiovascular health and diabetic nephropathy is limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate these potential associations and provide guidance for disease prevention. METHODS We applied Life's Essential 8 (LE8) identified by the American Heart Association, which integrates multiple health behaviors and health factors to measure cardiovascular health. This study covered 4207 adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning 2007-2018. Weighted regression models assessed the estimated effect of LE8 score on the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy as well as their corresponding clinical indicators. Weighted restricted cubic spline models discussed the possible nonlinear dose-response relationships further. Subgroup analyses clarified the effects of other covariates on correlations. RESULTS After adjusting for all covariates, participants with moderate or high cardiovascular health showed a decreased prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (odds ratio [OR]:0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.42-0.63), and also a decrease in the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR] (β: - 0.83; 95% CI:- 1.00 to - 0.65). The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and the level of UACR tended to decrease linearly as the total LE8 score increased (P for nonlinear > 0.05). Subgroup analyses showed that the effects of increased overall LE8 score and the specific cardiovascular health construct varied across age and obesity strata. CONCLUSION Elevated overall LE8 score was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in U.S. adults, and the effects of the specific cardiovascular health construct on diabetic nephropathy and their corresponding clinical indicators varied. In all, maintaining good cardiovascular health by refining LE8 metrics may help reduce the adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpei Mai
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Si Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Liya Gong
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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18
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Ding H, Wang J, Liu S, Xie Y, Zhang X, Yu J. Association between fibrosis-4 index and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with hypertension: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024; 26:1246-1255. [PMID: 39276132 PMCID: PMC11555535 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) is a noninvasive fibrosis test that is recommended for patients who are at risk of developing hepatic fibrosis. The aim of the study was to explore the correlation between FIB-4 index and the decline of cognitive function among older patients with hypertension. The study used a cross-sectional design to analyze data obtained from the NHANES 2011-2014. The significance of the FIB-4 index correlation with cognitive function in individuals over the age of 60 was evaluated via multivariate regression models. The nonlinear link was described and fitted smoothed curves. There were a total of 2039 participants in the study, and those with a higher FIB-4 index were more susceptible to developing cognitive decline. In the completely adjusted model, the association remained statistically significant between the FIB-4 index and poor cognitive function as measured by CERAD: Total Score (OR = 0.72, 0.57-0.91), Animal Fluency Score (OR = 0.66, 0.48-0.91), and Digit Symbol Score (OR = 0.36, 0.17-0.77). A nonlinear association was found between the FIB-4 and poor cognitive ability: Total Score, CERAD: Score Delayed Recall, Digit Symbol Score, and Animal Fluency Score. In elderly patients with hypertension, a high FIB-4 index is correlated with an increased prevalence of cognitive decline. Hence, the FIB-4 index could potentially serve as a valuable tool for determining individuals with hypertension who are susceptible to both liver-related complications and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Jingtao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Yafei Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
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19
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Torres-Torres J, Monroy-Muñoz IE, Perez-Duran J, Solis-Paredes JM, Camacho-Martinez ZA, Baca D, Espino-Y-Sosa S, Martinez-Portilla R, Rojas-Zepeda L, Borboa-Olivares H, Reyes-Muñoz E. Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11641. [PMID: 39519193 PMCID: PMC11546748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252111641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by glucose intolerance during pregnancy, significantly impacting maternal and fetal health. Its global prevalence is approximately 14%, with risk factors including obesity, family history of diabetes, advanced maternal age, and ethnicity, which are linked to cellular and molecular disruptions in glucose regulation and insulin resistance. GD is associated with short- and long-term complications for both the mother and the newborn. For mothers, GD increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. In the offspring, exposure to GD in utero predisposes them to obesity, glucose intolerance, and metabolic disorders later in life. This review aims to elucidate the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying GD to inform the development of effective therapeutic strategies. A systematic review was conducted using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms related to GD's cellular and molecular pathophysiology. Inclusion criteria encompassed original studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses focusing on GD's impact on maternal and fetal health, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction captured study characteristics, maternal and fetal outcomes, key findings, and conclusions. GD disrupts insulin signaling pathways, leading to impaired glucose uptake and insulin resistance. Mitochondrial dysfunction reduces ATP production and increases reactive oxygen species, exacerbating oxidative stress. Hormonal influences, chronic inflammation, and dysregulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway further impair insulin signaling. Gut microbiota alterations, gene expression, and epigenetic modifications play significant roles in GD. Ferroptosis and placental dysfunction primarily contribute to intrauterine growth restriction. Conversely, fetal macrosomia arises from maternal hyperglycemia and subsequent fetal hyperinsulinemia, resulting in excessive fetal growth. The chronic inflammatory state and oxidative stress associated with GD exacerbate these complications, creating a hostile intrauterine environment. GD's complex pathophysiology involves multiple disruptions in insulin signaling, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Effective management requires early detection, preventive strategies, and international collaboration to standardize care and improve outcomes for mothers and babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnatan Torres-Torres
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Irma Eloisa Monroy-Muñoz
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Javier Perez-Duran
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Juan Mario Solis-Paredes
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | | | - Deyanira Baca
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Salvador Espino-Y-Sosa
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anahuac Mexico, Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico
| | - Raigam Martinez-Portilla
- Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Rojas-Zepeda
- Maternal-Fetal Department, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de Mexico, Toluca 50170, Mexico
| | - Hector Borboa-Olivares
- Community Interventions Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Enrique Reyes-Muñoz
- Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
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20
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Islam RA, Han X, Shaligram S, Esfandiarei M, Stallone JN, Rahimian R. Sexual Dimorphism in Impairment of Acetylcholine-Mediated Vasorelaxation in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat Aorta: A Monogenic Model of Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11328. [PMID: 39457110 PMCID: PMC11508232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252011328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Several reports, including our previous studies, indicate that hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus exert differential effects on vascular function in males and females. This study examines sex differences in the vascular effects of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in an established monogenic model of obesity-induced T2D, Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats. Acetylcholine (ACh) responses were assessed in phenylephrine pre-contracted rings before and after apocynin, a NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor. The mRNA expressions of aortic endothelial NOS (eNOS), and key NOX isoforms were also measured. We demonstrated the following: (1) diabetes had contrasting effects on aortic vasorelaxation in ZDF rats, impairing relaxation to ACh in females while enhancing it in male ZDF rats; (2) inhibition of NOX, a major source of superoxide in vasculature, restored aortic vasorelaxation in female ZDF rats; and (3) eNOS and NOX4 mRNA expressions were elevated in female (but not male) ZDF rat aortas compared to their respective leans. This study highlights sexual dimorphism in ACh-mediated vasorelaxation in the aorta of ZDF rats, suggesting that superoxide may play a role in the impaired vasorelaxation observed in female ZDF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ara Islam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA; (R.A.I.); (S.S.)
| | - Xiaoyuan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 94115, USA;
| | - Sonali Shaligram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA; (R.A.I.); (S.S.)
| | - Mitra Esfandiarei
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;
| | - John N. Stallone
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology and Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA;
| | - Roshanak Rahimian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA; (R.A.I.); (S.S.)
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21
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Nxumalo MB, Ntanzi N, Kumalo HM, Khan RB. Mitigating Hyperglycaemic Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells: The Role of Carica papaya Leaf and Root Extracts in Promoting Glucose Uptake and Antioxidant Defence. Nutrients 2024; 16:3496. [PMID: 39458491 PMCID: PMC11510471 DOI: 10.3390/nu16203496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Diabetes often goes undiagnosed, with 60% of people in Africa unaware of their condition. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with insulin resistance and is treated with metformin, despite the undesirable side effects. Medicinal plants with therapeutic potential, such as Carica papaya, have shown promising anti-diabetic properties. This study explored the role of C. papaya leaf and root extracts compared to metformin in reducing hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress and their impact on liver function using HepG2 as a reference. Methods: The cytotoxicity was assessed through the MTT assay. At the same time, glucose uptake and metabolism (ATP and ∆Ψm) in HepG2 cells treated with C. papaya aqueous leaf and root extract were evaluated using a luminometry assay. Additionally, antioxidant properties (SOD2, GPx1, GSH, and Nrf2) were measured using qPCR and Western blot following the detection of MDA, NO, and iNOS, indicators of free radicals. Results: The MTT assay showed that C. papaya extracts did not exhibit toxicity in HepG2 cells and enhanced glucose uptake compared to the hyperglycaemic control (HGC) and metformin. The glucose levels in C. papaya-treated cells increased ATP production (p < 0.05), while the ∆Ψm was significantly increased in HGR1000-treated cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, C. papaya leaf extract upregulated GPx1 (p < 0.05), GSH, and Nrf2 gene (p < 0.05), while SOD2 and Nrf2 proteins were reduced (p > 0.05), ultimately lowering ROS (p > 0.05). Contrarily, the root extract stimulated SOD2 (p > 0.05), GPx1 (p < 0.05), and GSH levels (p < 0.05), reducing Nrf2 gene and protein expression (p < 0.05) and resulting in high MDA levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, the extracts elevated NO levels and iNOS expression (p < 0.05), suggesting potential RNS activation. Conclusion: Taken together, the leaf extract stimulated glucose metabolism and triggered ROS production, producing a strong antioxidant response that was more effective than the root extract and metformin. However, the root extract, particularly at high concentrations, was less effective at neutralising free radicals as it did not stimulate Nrf2 production, but it did maintain elevated levels of SOD2, GSH, and GPx1 antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mthokozisi Bongani Nxumalo
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (N.N.); (H.M.K.); (R.B.K.)
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22
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Yang F, Du X, Zhao Z, Guo G, Wang Y. Impact of Diabetic Condition on the Remodeling of In Situ Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:6569-6580. [PMID: 39324571 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Most in situ tissue-engineered heart valve (TEHV) evaluation studies are conducted in a healthy physical environment, which cannot accurately reflect the specific characteristics of patients. In this study, we established a diabetic rabbit model and implanted decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) into the abdominal aorta of rabbits through interventional surgery with a follow-up period of 8 weeks. The results indicated that dECM implants in diabetic rabbits exhibited poorer endothelialization and more severe fibrosis compared to those in healthy animals. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that high glucose induced endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis and impeded their proliferation and migration, accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and a decrease in the nitric oxide (NO) level. High glucose also led to elevated ROS levels and an increased expression of inflammatory factors and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in macrophages, contributing to fibrosis. These findings suggest that oxidative-stress-mediated mechanisms are likely the primary pathways affecting heart valve repair and regeneration under diabetic conditions. Therefore, future design and evaluation of TEHVs may concern more patient-specific circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Xingzhuang Du
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Gaoyang Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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23
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Halabitska I, Oksenych V, Kamyshnyi O. Exploring the Efficacy of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Comorbid Osteoarthritis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2024; 16:3349. [PMID: 39408316 PMCID: PMC11478474 DOI: 10.3390/nu16193349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives. The comorbidity of osteoarthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus poses a complex clinical challenge, complicating patient management due to overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. This research aims to analyze the exacerbation of clinical symptoms and biochemical markers in patients with OA and T2DM compared to those with OA alone. Methods. We employed various assessment methods to evaluate inflammation, oxidative stress, and glycemic control in both cohorts. This study includes the administration of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) to patients with comorbid OA and T2DM, monitoring its effects on joint function, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress levels, and glycemic control. Results. The findings indicate that T2DM significantly worsens clinical symptoms and biochemical markers in OA patients. Those with both conditions exhibited elevated indicators of inflammation and oxidative stress compared to OA-only patients. Additionally, correlations among metabolic, psychological, and inflammatory factors were identified. Body mass index emerged as a potential predictor for the deterioration of evaluated parameters. The analysis revealed that ALA administration led to statistically significant improvements in WOMAC pain scores, the Lequesne Algofunctional Index, and the AIMS-P compared to the control group. Conclusions. Further research into ALA's effects on OA progression in patients with comorbidities is essential for developing personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Halabitska
- Department of Therapy and Family Medicine, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
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24
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Chen X, Wu Z, Hou X, Yu W, Gao C, Gou S, Fu P. Association of the oxidative balance score and chronic kidney disease: insights from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2009-2018. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1429191. [PMID: 39399530 PMCID: PMC11468420 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1429191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The oxidative balance score (OBS) was devised to quantify the overall oxidative state, integrating pro-oxidant and antioxidant influences from both dietary intake and lifestyle practices. The aim of this study was to delve into the relationship between the OBS and CKD within the adult population of the United States. Methods Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2009-2018, we derived the OBS from 16 dietary and four lifestyle factors. We employed weighted multivariate regression to probe the link between OBS and CKD. Additionally, we undertook subgroup analyses and applied Restricted Cubic Spline Regression (RCS) for further data analyses. Results This study encompassed 19,444 participants. Logistic regression analysis consistently demonstrated a protective effect of higher OBS on CKD. In Model 3, each unit increase in OBS was associated with a 2% reduction in the risk of CKD (95% CI: 0.97-0.99, p < 0.001) and a 4% reduction in the risk of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (95% CI: 0.95-0.98, p < 0.001). The highest OBS quintile (Q4) also showed significant reductions in the risk of CKD (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.53-0.82, p < 0.001) and reduced eGFR (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.37-0.69, p < 0.001) in Model 3. RCS analysis revealed a linear relationship between OBS and CKD. Subgroup analyses indicated significant associations between OBS and CKD in most subgroups, except for those without hypertension or with cardiovascular disease. Additionally, interaction analyses demonstrated that age, hypertension, and diabetes significantly modify the association between OBS and CKD risk. Conclusion An elevated OBS, reflecting a predominance of antioxidants, correlates with a diminished CKD risk in the American adult demographic. These insights emphasize the potential influence of oxidative equilibrium on the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyu Hou
- School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenju Gou
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Li M, Wang Y, Wu X, Chen Q, Huang J, Zhu H, Yang S, Wang J, Li LT, Liu X, Fu K, Song F, Wang C. KIAA0753 enhances osteoblast differentiation suppressed by diabetes. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70035. [PMID: 39245790 PMCID: PMC11381189 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-related bone loss represents a significant complication that persistently jeopardizes the bone health of individuals with diabetes. Primary cilia proteins have been reported to play a vital role in regulating osteoblast differentiation in diabetes-related bone loss. However, the specific contribution of KIAA0753, a primary cilia protein, in bone loss induced by diabetes remains unclear. In this investigation, we elucidated the pivotal role of KIAA0753 as a promoter of osteoblast differentiation in diabetes. RNA sequencing demonstrated a marked downregulation of KIAA0753 expression in pro-bone MC3T3 cells exposed to a high glucose environment. Diabetes mouse models further validated the downregulation of KIAA0753 protein in the femur. Diabetes was observed to inhibit osteoblast differentiation in vitro, evidenced by downregulating the protein expression of OCN, OPN and ALP, decreasing primary cilia biosynthesis, and suppressing the Hedgehog signalling pathway. Knocking down KIAA0753 using shRNA methods was found to shorten primary cilia. Conversely, overexpression KIAA0753 rescued these changes. Additional insights indicated that KIAA0753 effectively restored osteoblast differentiation by directly interacting with SHH, OCN and Gli2, thereby activating the Hedgehog signalling pathway and mitigating the ubiquitination of Gli2 in diabetes. In summary, we report a negative regulatory relationship between KIAA0753 and diabetes-related bone loss. The clarification of KIAA0753's role offers valuable insights into the intricate mechanisms underlying diabetic bone complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongqin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shizhu, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangmei Wu
- Department of Physiology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quanmei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianguo Huang
- A Division of Providence Cancer Institute, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Huifang Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Le Tai Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kang Fu
- Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Fangzhou Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changdong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of ischemia-modified albumin in diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35953. [PMID: 39224304 PMCID: PMC11366936 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim There is an ongoing search for novel biomarkers of diabetes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the serum concentrations of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), a candidate biomarker of oxidative stress, acidosis, and ischemia, in patients with pre-diabetes, different types of diabetes mellitus (type 1, T1DM, type 2, T2DM, and gestational, GDM), and healthy controls. Methods We searched for case-control studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to December 31, 2023. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and GRADE, respectively. Results In 29 studies, T2DM patients had significantly higher IMA concentrations when compared to controls (standard mean difference, SMD = 1.83, 95 % CI 1.46 to 2.21, p˂0.001; I2 = 95.7 %, p < 0.001; low certainty of evidence). Significant associations were observed between the SMD and glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.007), creatinine (p = 0.003), triglycerides (p = 0.029), and the presence of diabetes complications (p = 0.003). Similar trends, albeit in a smaller number of studies, were observed in T1DM (two studies; SMD = 1.59, 95 % CI -0.09 to 3.26, p˂0.063; I2 = 95.8 %, p < 0.001), GDM (three studies; SMD = 3.41, 95 % CI 1.14 to 5.67, p = 0.003; I2 = 97.0 %, p < 0.001) and pre-diabetes (three studies; SMD = 15.25, 95 % CI 9.86 to 20.65, p˂0.001; I2 = 99.3 %, p < 0.001). Conclusion Our study suggests that IMA is a promising biomarker for determining the presence of oxidative stress, acidosis, and ischemia in pre-diabetes and T1DM, T2DM, and GDM. However, the utility of measuring circulating IMA warrants confirmation in prospective studies investigating clinical endpoints in pre-diabetes and in different types of diabetes (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024504690).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
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Peng C, Fang MS. Association of dietary antioxidant intake with depression risk and all-cause mortality in people with prediabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20009. [PMID: 39198551 PMCID: PMC11358512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
People with diabetes has an elevated risk of depression, and depression contributes to a worse prognosis for people with diabetes. Dietary antioxidants have been shown to reduce the risk of depression in the general population. Therefore, we hypothesized that dietary antioxidants would also help to reduce the risk of depression and all-cause mortality in people with prediabetes. A total of 8789 participants aged 20 years and older from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys who met the diagnostic criteria for prediabetes were included in our study. The associations between six dietary antioxidant intakes and the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) with depression risk and all-cause mortality were assessed using weighted logistic and Cox regression. Possible nonlinear associations were further explored using restricted cubic spline. To ensure the reliability of the findings, the multiple imputations by chained equation were applied to missing covariates to avoid potential bias. Our study found that moderate dietary antioxidant intake prevents depression and improves prognosis in people with prediabetes. Moreover, a CDAI score near three allows for maximum benefit. Our findings could provide clues for early intervention in people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Peng
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Fang
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.
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Liu L, Zhu Z, Yu K, Zhang W, Pu J, Lv Y, Tang Z, Liu F, Liu S. Association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from a MIMIC-IV study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1412159. [PMID: 39247922 PMCID: PMC11377218 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1412159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) has emerged as a potential prognostic indicator for various critical illnesses. However, its role in determining outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) within the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the association between SHR and all-cause mortality in this clinical setting. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing data from a large, retrospective database. Critically ill patients with documented AF were stratified based on quartiles of SHR. The primary outcome was 365-day all-cause mortality, with secondary outcomes including 90-day and 28-day mortality. COX proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders and Kaplan-Meier curve analyses were used to explore the relationship between SHR and mortality. Results 2,679 patients with critical AF were enrolled in the final study. Among the patients studied, those in the highest SHR quartiles exhibited an increased risk of 365-day all-cause mortality (HR:1.32, 95%CI=1.06-1.65). Notably, in subgroup analyses, the prognostic value of SHR was particularly pronounced in patients with hypertension. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the persistence of these findings after excluding cohorts with malignant tumors, and heart failure. Conclusions Our research discerns a positive association between SHR and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with AF, highlighting the significance of acute glycemic dysregulation on patient outcomes. Longer follow-up is still needed in the future to study the association between SHR and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhanfang Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Pucheng County Hospital, Weinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiguo Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Stanciu SM, Jinga M, Miricescu D, Stefani C, Nica RI, Stanescu-Spinu II, Vacaroiu IA, Greabu M, Nica S. mTOR Dysregulation, Insulin Resistance, and Hypertension. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1802. [PMID: 39200267 PMCID: PMC11351979 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent serious health problems associated with unhealthy diet and sedentarism. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR) and hypertension. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase with key roles in glucose and lipid metabolism, cell growth, survival and proliferation. mTOR hyperactivation disturbs glucose metabolism, leading to hyperglycemia and further to IR, with a higher incidence in the Western population. Metformin is one of the most used hypoglycemic drugs, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumoral properties, having also the capacity to inhibit mTOR. mTOR inhibitors such as rapamycin and its analogs everolimus and temsirolimus block mTOR activity, decrease the levels of glucose and triglycerides, and reduce body weight. The link between mTOR dysregulation, IR, hypertension and mTOR inhibitors has not been fully described. Therefore, the main aim of this narrative review is to present the mechanism by which nutrients, proinflammatory cytokines, increased salt intake and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) dysregulation induce mTOR overactivation, associated further with IR and hypertension development, and also mTOR inhibitors with higher potential to block the activity of this protein kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Marcel Stanciu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Central Military Emergency University Hospital, “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (S.M.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Mariana Jinga
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Central Military Emergency University Hospital, “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010825 Bucharest, Romania; (S.M.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Central Military Emergency University Hospital, “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Remus Iulian Nica
- Surgery Department, Central Military Emergency University Hospital, “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
- Discipline of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanotari Blvd, 054474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ileana Adela Vacaroiu
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Silvia Nica
- Emergency Discipline, University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Emergency and First Aid, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Matin M, Joshi T, Wang D, Tzvetkov NT, Matin FB, Wierzbicka A, Jóźwik A, Horbańczuk JO, Atanasov AG. Effects of Ginger ( Zingiber officinale) on the Hallmarks of Aging. Biomolecules 2024; 14:940. [PMID: 39199328 PMCID: PMC11352747 DOI: 10.3390/biom14080940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is broadly used as a traditional remedy and food ingredient, and numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated health benefits in a range of age-related disorders. Moreover, longevity-promoting effects have been demonstrated in several (preclinical) research models. With this work, we aimed to comprehensively review the reported effects of ginger and its bioactive constituents on the twelve established hallmarks of aging, with the ultimate goal of gaining a deeper understanding of the potential for future interventions in the area of longevity-extension and counteracting of aging-related diseases. The reviewed literature supports the favorable effects of ginger and some of its constituents on all twelve hallmarks of aging, with a particularly high number of animal research studies indicating counteraction of nutrient-sensing dysregulations, mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis. On this background, validation in human clinical trials is still insufficient or is entirely missing, with the exception of some studies indicating positive effects on deregulated nutrient-sensing, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis. Thus, the existing body of literature clearly supports the potential of ginger to be further studied in clinical trials as a supplement for the promotion of both lifespan and health span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maima Matin
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (M.M.); (A.W.); (A.J.); (J.O.H.)
| | - Tanuj Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital 263002, India;
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada;
| | - Nikolay T. Tzvetkov
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Farhan Bin Matin
- Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Aftabnagar, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh;
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (M.M.); (A.W.); (A.J.); (J.O.H.)
| | - Artur Jóźwik
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (M.M.); (A.W.); (A.J.); (J.O.H.)
| | - Jarosław Olav Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (M.M.); (A.W.); (A.J.); (J.O.H.)
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (M.M.); (A.W.); (A.J.); (J.O.H.)
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Liu K, Chen Z, Liu L, Li T, Xing C, Han F, Mao H. Causal Effects of Oxidative Stress on Diabetes Mellitus and Microvascular Complications: Insights Integrating Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization, DNA Methylation, and Proteome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:903. [PMID: 39199149 PMCID: PMC11351708 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the development of diabetes, but the genetic mechanisms are not completely understood. We integrated multi-omics data in order to explore the genetic relations between OS-related genes, diabetes mellitus, and microvascular complications using Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis. METHODS Summary-level data related to OS were acquired from respective studies of methylation, expression, and protein abundance quantitative trait loci. Genetic associations concerning diabetes, diabetic nephropathy (DN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) were derived from the FinnGen study. Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlations between molecular features concerned with OS-related genes and diabetes mellitus, along with its microvascular complications. Additionally, we performed colocalization analysis to determine if the detected signal pairs shared a causal genetic variant. RESULTS At the genetic level, we identified ten potential causal associations of oxidative stress genes with diabetes, along with microvascular complications, through SMR and colocalization analysis. After integrating the DNA methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) and expression QTL (eQTL) data, our analyses revealed a correlation between the methylation site cg26343298 and reduced expression of TP53INP1, supporting the protective role of cg26343298 methylation on type 2 diabetes (T2D) and diabetic nephropathy. Similarly, an inverse association was observed between gene methylation and expression in CHEK1 (cg07110182), confirming the beneficial effect of modification of CHEK1 by cg07110182 in diabetic retinopathy. In addition, upregulation of SUOX expression by cg22580629 was linked to a reduced risk of diabetic retinopathy. At circulating protein levels, genetically predicted a higher level of ICAM1 (OR 1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.08) was positively connected with the risk of diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS This SMR study elucidated that the TP53INP1 gene was putatively associated with T2D and DN risk, while the SUOX and CHEK1 genes were associated with DR risk through oxidative stress mechanisms. Additionally, our study showed a positive correlation between the ICAM-1 protein and DR. These findings may enhance our understanding of their pathogenesis and suggest new therapeutic targets for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zitong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lishan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Feng Han
- International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Institute of Brain Science, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Huijuan Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
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Shi K, Zhang G, Fu H, Li XM, Jiang L, Gao Y, Qian WL, Shen LT, Xu HY, Li Y, Guo YK, Yang ZG. Sex differences in clinical profile, left ventricular remodeling and cardiovascular outcomes among diabetic patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a cardiac-MRI-based study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:266. [PMID: 39039567 PMCID: PMC11264371 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Evidence has shown that sex differences may be an important contributor to phenotypic heterogeneity in patients with HFrEF. Although diabetes mellitus (DM) frequently coexists with HFrEF and results in a worse prognosis, there remains a need to identify sex-related differences in the characteristics and outcomes of this population. In this study, we aimed to investigate the between-sex differences in clinical profile, left ventricular (LV) remodeling, and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in patients with HFrEF concomitant with DM. METHODS A total of 273 patients with HFrEF concomitant with DM who underwent cardiac MRI were included in this study. Clinical characteristics, LV remodeling as assessed by cardiac MRI, and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes were compared between sexes. RESULTS Women were older, leaner and prone to have anemia and hypoproteinemia but less likely to have ischemic etiology. Cardiac MRI revealed that despite similar LVEFs between the sexes, there was more LV concentric remodeling, less impaired global systolic peak strain in longitudinal and circumferential components and a decreased likelihood of late gadolinium enhancement presence in women than in men. During a median follow-up time of 34.6 months, women exhibited better overall survival than men did (log-rank P = 0.042). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated different risk factors for predicting outcomes between sexes, with hypertension [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05 to 4.85, P = 0.041] and hypoproteinemia (HR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.37, P = 0.039) serving as independent determinants of outcomes in women, whereas ischemic etiology (HR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.48, P = 0.021) and atrial fibrillation (HR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.41, P = 0.044) served as independent determinants of outcomes in men. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with HFrEF concomitant with DM, women displayed different LV remodeling and risk factors and had better survival than men did. Sex-based phenotypic heterogeneity in patients with HFrEF in the context of DM should be addressed in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hang Fu
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Ming Li
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Lei Qian
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Ting Shen
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua-Yan Xu
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying-Kun Guo
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Tie X, Zhao Y, Sun T, Zhou R, Li J, Su J, Yin W. Associations between serum albumin level trajectories and clinical outcomes in sepsis patients in ICU: insights from longitudinal group trajectory modeling. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1433544. [PMID: 39101009 PMCID: PMC11294201 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1433544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis triggers a strong inflammatory response, often leading to organ failure and high mortality. The role of serum albumin levels in sepsis is critical but not fully understood, particularly regarding the significance of albumin level changes over time. This study utilized Group-based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM) to investigate the patterns of serum albumin changes and their impact on sepsis outcomes. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis on ICU patients from West China Hospital (2015-2022), employing GBTM to study serum albumin fluctuations within the first week of ICU admission. The study factored in demographics, clinical parameters, and comorbidities, handling missing data through multiple imputation. Outcomes assessed included 28-day mortality, overall hospital mortality, and secondary complications such as AKI and the need for mechanical ventilation. Results Data from 1,950 patients revealed four serum albumin trajectories, showing distinct patterns of consistently low, increasing, moderate, and consistently high levels. These groups differed significantly in mortality, with the consistently low level group experiencing the highest mortality. No significant difference in 28-day mortality was observed among the other groups. Subgroup analysis did not alter these findings. Conclusion The study identified four albumin trajectory groups in sepsis patients, highlighting that those with persistently low levels had the worst outcomes, while those with increasing levels had the best. Stable high levels above 30 g/L did not change outcomes significantly. These findings can inform clinical decisions, helping to identify high-risk patients early and tailor treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanhong Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Trandafir AI, Ghemigian A, Ciobica ML, Nistor C, Gurzun MM, Nistor TVI, Petrova E, Carsote M. Diabetes Mellitus in Non-Functioning Adrenal Incidentalomas: Analysis of the Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (MACS) Impact on Glucose Profile. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1606. [PMID: 39062179 PMCID: PMC11274780 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAIs) have been placed in relationship with a higher risk of glucose profile anomalies, while the full-blown typical picture of Cushing's syndrome (CS) and associated secondary (glucocorticoid-induced) diabetes mellitus is not explicitly confirmed in this instance. Our objective was to highlight the most recent data concerning the glucose profile, particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in NFAIs with/without mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). This was a comprehensive review of the literature; the search was conducted according to various combinations of key terms. We included English-published, original studies across a 5-year window of publication time (from January 2020 until 1 April 2024) on PubMed. We excluded case reports, reviews, studies on T1DM or secondary diabetes, and experimental data. We identified 37 studies of various designs (14 retrospective studies as well 13 cross-sectional, 4 cohorts, 3 prospective, and 2 case-control studies) that analysed 17,391 individuals, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.47 (aged between 14 and 96 years). T2DM prevalence in MACS (affecting 10 to 30% of NFAIs) ranged from 12% to 44%. The highest T2DM prevalence in NFAI was 45.2% in one study. MACS versus (non-MACS) NFAIs (n = 16) showed an increased risk of T2DM and even of prediabetes or higher fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c (no unanimous results). T2DM prevalence was analysed in NFAI (N = 1243, female-to-male ratio of 1.11, mean age of 60.42) versus (non-tumour) controls (N = 1548, female-to-male ratio of 0.91, average age of 60.22) amid four studies, and two of them were confirmatory with respect to a higher rate in NFAIs. Four studies included a sub-group of CS compared to NFAI/MACS, and two of them did not confirm an increased rate of glucose profile anomalies in CS versus NFAIs/ACS. The longest period of follow-up with concern to the glycaemic profile was 10.5 years, and one cohort showed a significant increase in the T2DM rate at 17.9% compared to the baseline value of 0.03%. Additionally, inconsistent data from six studies enrolling 1039 individuals that underwent adrenalectomy (N = 674) and conservative management (N = 365) pinpointed the impact of the surgery in NFAIs. The regulation of the glucose metabolism after adrenalectomy versus baseline versus conservative management (n = 3) was improved. To our knowledge, this comprehensive review included one of the largest recent analyses in the field of glucose profile amid the confirmation of MACS/NFAI. In light of the rising incidence of NFAI/AIs due to easier access to imagery scans and endocrine evaluation across the spectrum of modern medicine, it is critical to assess if these patients have an increased frequency of cardio-metabolic disorders that worsen their overall comorbidity and mortality profile, including via the confirmation of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir
- PhD Doctoral School of “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Adina Ghemigian
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai-Lucian Ciobica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Rheumatology, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Thoracic Surgery Department, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria-Magdalena Gurzun
- Cardiology Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Laboratory of Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Exploration, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Vasile Ioan Nistor
- Medical Biochemistry Discipline, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eugenia Petrova
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Liu Y, Lyons CJ, Ayu C, O’Brien T. Enhancing endothelial colony-forming cells for treating diabetic vascular complications: challenges and clinical prospects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1396794. [PMID: 39076517 PMCID: PMC11284052 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1396794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, leading to various vascular complications. Accumulating evidence indicates that endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) have attractive prospects for repairing and restoring blood vessels. Thus, ECFCs may be a novel therapeutic option for diabetic patients with vascular complications who require revascularization therapy. However, it has been reported that the function of ECFCs is impaired in DM, which poses challenges for the autologous transplantation of ECFCs. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms that may be responsible for ECFC dysfunction and discuss potential strategies for improving the therapeutic efficacy of ECFCs derived from patients with DM. Finally, we discuss barriers to the use of ECFCs in human studies in light of the fact that there are no published reports using these cells in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Timothy O’Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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36
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Huang X, Huang X, Pan M, Lin J, Xie L. Effect of early endothelial function improvement on subclinical target organ damage in hypertensives. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16078. [PMID: 38992162 PMCID: PMC11239846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is acknowledged as a marker for subclinical target organ damage (STOD) in hypertension, though its therapeutic potential has not yet been clarified. This study assessed whether early endothelial function improvement (EEFI) reduced STOD in patients with essential hypertension (EH). We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 456 EH patients initially free from STOD. Endothelial function was assessed using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), with values ≤ 7.1% indicating dysfunction. Patients were initially categorized by endothelial status (dysfunction: n = 180, normal: n = 276), and further divided into improved or unimproved groups based on changes within three months post-enrollment. During a median follow-up of 25 months, 177 patients developed STOD. The incidence of STOD was significantly higher in patients with initial dysfunction compared to those with normal function. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the improved group had a lower cumulative incidence of STOD compared to the unimproved group (p < 0.05). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed EEFI as an independent protective factor against STOD in EH patients (p < 0.05), regardless of their baseline endothelial status, especially in those under 65 years old, non-smokers, and with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels ≤ 3.4 mmol/L. In conclusion, EEFI significantly reduces STOD incidence in EH patients, particularly in specific subgroups, emphasizing the need for early intervention in endothelial function to prevent STOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Xianwei Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Mandong Pan
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Jiyan Lin
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Liangdi Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Mzimela N, Dimba N, Sosibo A, Khathi A. Evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on pulmonary vascular function and the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1431405. [PMID: 39050565 PMCID: PMC11266053 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1431405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant worldwide health concern caused by sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy diets. Beyond glycemic control, T2DM impacts multiple organ systems, leading to various complications. While traditionally associated with cardiovascular and microvascular complications, emerging evidence indicates significant effects on pulmonary health. Pulmonary vascular dysfunction and fibrosis, characterized by alterations in vascular tone and excessive extracellular matrix deposition, are increasingly recognized in individuals with T2DM. The onset of T2DM is often preceded by prediabetes, an intermediate hyperglycemic state that is associated with increased diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. This review explores the relationship between T2DM, pulmonary vascular dysfunction and pulmonary fibrosis, with a focus on potential links with prediabetes. Pulmonary vascular function, including the roles of nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), endothelin-1 (ET-1), thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), is discussed in the context of T2DM and prediabetes. Mechanisms linking T2DM to pulmonary fibrosis, such as oxidative stress, dysregulated fibrotic signaling, and chronic inflammation, are explained. The impact of prediabetes on pulmonary health, including endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and dysregulated vasoactive mediators, is highlighted. Early detection and intervention during the prediabetic stage may reduce respiratory complications associated with T2DM, emphasizing the importance of management strategies targeting blood glucose regulation and vascular health. More research that looks into the mechanisms underlying pulmonary complications in T2DM and prediabetes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhlakanipho Mzimela
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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38
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Maleki MH, Vakili O, Tavakoli R, Nadimi E, Noori Z, Taghizadeh M, Dehghanian A, Tayebi L, Shafiee SM. Protective and curative effects of unconjugated bilirubin on gene expression of LOX-1 and iNOS in the heart of rats receiving high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin: a histomorphometric approach. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:26. [PMID: 38982470 PMCID: PMC11234610 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the large arteries and is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) globally. Increased levels of adhesion molecules in cardiac tissue serve as prognostic markers for coronary artery occlusion risk. Given the antioxidant properties of bilirubin and its inverse correlation with atherosclerosis, this study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of bilirubin on atherosclerotic indices and heart structure in high-fat diet-fed diabetic rats with atherosclerosis. METHODS Atherosclerosis was induced in three out of five groups of adult male Sprague Dawley rats through a 14-week period of high-fat diet (HFD) consumption and a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg). The atherosclerotic rats were then treated with intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg/day bilirubin for either 6 or 14 weeks (treated and protected groups, respectively), or the vehicle. Two additional groups served as the control and bilirubin-treated rats. Subsequently, the mRNA expression levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), lectin-like LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), and the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were analyzed using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Histopathological and stereological analyses were performed to assess changes in the heart structure. RESULTS Bilirubin significantly decreased the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, LOX-1, and iNOS genes in the treated group. Moreover, bilirubin mitigated pathological damage in the left ventricle of the heart. Stereological analysis revealed a decrease in the left ventricle and myocardium volume, accompanied by an increase in vessel volume in rats treated with bilirubin. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that mild hyperbilirubinemia can protect against the progression of atherosclerosis and heart failure by improving lipid profile, modulating adhesion molecules, LOX-1, and iNOS gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Maleki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Tavakoli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Nadimi
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Noori
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Motahareh Taghizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Dehghanian
- Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Santulli G, Visco V, Varzideh F, Guerra G, Kansakar U, Gasperi M, Marro A, Wilson S, Ferrante MNV, Pansini A, Pirone A, Di Lorenzo F, Tartaglia D, Iaccarino G, Macina G, Agyapong ED, Forzano I, Jankauskas SS, Komici K, Ciccarelli M, Mone P. Prediabetes Increases the Risk of Frailty in Prefrail Older Adults With Hypertension: Beneficial Effects of Metformin. Hypertension 2024; 81:1637-1643. [PMID: 38752357 PMCID: PMC11170724 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.124.23087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes has garnered increasing attention due to its association with cardiovascular conditions, especially hypertension, which heightens the risk of prefrailty and frailty among older individuals. METHODS We screened elders with prefrail hypertension from March 2021 to January 2023. We assessed the correlation linking cognitive dysfunction (Montreal Cognitive Assessment score), insulin resistance (triglyceride-to-glucose index), and physical impairment (5-meter gait speed). Then, we measured the risk of developing frailty after a 1-year follow-up period, adjusting the outcome using multivariable Cox regression analysis. We also investigated the impact of administering 500 mg of metformin once daily to a subset of frail subjects for an additional 6 months. RESULTS We assessed the relationship between the triglyceride-to-glucose index and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, observing a significant correlation (r, 0.880; P<0.0001). Similarly, we analyzed the association between the triglyceride-to-glucose index and 5-meter gait speed, uncovering a significant link between insulin resistance and physical impairment (r, 0.809; P<0.0001). Prediabetes was found to significantly (P<0.0001) elevate the risk of frailty development compared with individuals without prediabetes by the end of the 1-year follow-up, a finding confirmed via multivariable analysis with Cox regression. Furthermore, among the subgroup of subjects who developed frailty, those who received metformin exhibited a significant decrease in frailty levels (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance and prediabetes play substantial roles in the development of cognitive and physical impairments, highlighting their importance in managing hypertension, even before the onset of frank diabetes. Metformin, a well-established drug for the treatment of diabetes, has shown favorable effects in mitigating frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, Academic Research Unit, Naples, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy
| | - Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Germano Guerra
- International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, Academic Research Unit, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Maurizio Gasperi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | - Scott Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Di Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy
| | | | - Esther Densu Agyapong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Imma Forzano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Klara Komici
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein – Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
- ASL Avellino, Italy
- Casa di Cura “Montevergine”, Mercogliano (Avellino), Italy
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40
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Lui DTW, Tan KCB. High-density lipoprotein in diabetes: Structural and functional relevance. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:805-816. [PMID: 38416054 PMCID: PMC11215696 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is considered a major cardiovascular risk factor. However, recent studies have suggested a more U-shaped association between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease. It has been shown that the cardioprotective effect of HDL is related to the functions of HDL particles rather than their cholesterol content. HDL particles are highly heterogeneous and have multiple functions relevant to cardiometabolic conditions including cholesterol efflux capacity, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vasoactive properties. There are quantitative and qualitative changes in HDL as well as functional abnormalities in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Non-enzymatic glycation, carbamylation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation can modify the HDL composition and therefore the functions, especially in situations of poor glycemic control. Studies of HDL proteomics and lipidomics have provided further insights into the structure-function relationship of HDL in diabetes. Interestingly, HDL also has a pleiotropic anti-diabetic effect, improving glycemic control through improvement in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Given the important role of HDL in cardiometabolic health, HDL-based therapeutics are being developed to enhance HDL functions rather than to increase HDL-C levels. Among these, recombinant HDL and small synthetic apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides may hold promise for preventing and treating diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tak Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Kathryn Choon Beng Tan
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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41
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Dabla PK, Upreti K, Shrivastav D, Mehta V, Singh D. Discovering hidden patterns: Association rules for cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Methodol 2024; 14:92608. [PMID: 38983667 PMCID: PMC11229869 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i2.92608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is increasingly common to find patients affected by a combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD), and studies are able to correlate their relationships with available biological and clinical evidence. The aim of the current study was to apply association rule mining (ARM) to discover whether there are consistent patterns of clinical features relevant to these diseases. ARM leverages clinical and laboratory data to the meaningful patterns for diabetic CAD by harnessing the power help of data-driven algorithms to optimise the decision-making in patient care. AIM To reinforce the evidence of the T2DM-CAD interplay and demonstrate the ability of ARM to provide new insights into multivariate pattern discovery. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry in a specialized tertiary care centre in Delhi, involving a total of 300 consented subjects categorized into three groups: CAD with diabetes, CAD without diabetes, and healthy controls, with 100 subjects in each group. The participants were enrolled from the Cardiology IPD & OPD for the sample collection. The study employed ARM technique to extract the meaningful patterns and relationships from the clinical data with its original value. RESULTS The clinical dataset comprised 35 attributes from enrolled subjects. The analysis produced rules with a maximum branching factor of 4 and a rule length of 5, necessitating a 1% probability increase for enhancement. Prominent patterns emerged, highlighting strong links between health indicators and diabetes likelihood, particularly elevated HbA1C and random blood sugar levels. The ARM technique identified individuals with a random blood sugar level > 175 and HbA1C > 6.6 are likely in the "CAD-with-diabetes" group, offering valuable insights into health indicators and influencing factors on disease outcomes. CONCLUSION The application of this method holds promise for healthcare practitioners to offer valuable insights for enhancing patient treatment targeting specific subtypes of CAD with diabetes. Implying artificial intelligence techniques with medical data, we have shown the potential for personalized healthcare and the development of user-friendly applications aimed at improving cardiovascular health outcomes for this high-risk population to optimise the decision-making in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Dabla
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Kamal Upreti
- Department of Computer Science, CHRIST, Ghaziabad 201003, India
| | - Dharmsheel Shrivastav
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Vimal Mehta
- Department of Cardiology, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Divakar Singh
- Barkatullah University Institute of Technology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462026, India
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Zhang N, Liao H, Lin Z, Tang Q. Insights into the Role of Glutathione Peroxidase 3 in Non-Neoplastic Diseases. Biomolecules 2024; 14:689. [PMID: 38927092 PMCID: PMC11202029 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROSs) are byproducts of normal cellular metabolism and play pivotal roles in various physiological processes. Disruptions in the balance between ROS levels and the body's antioxidant defenses can lead to the development of numerous diseases. Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), a key component of the body's antioxidant system, is an oxidoreductase enzyme. GPX3 mitigates oxidative damage by catalyzing the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into water. Beyond its antioxidant function, GPX3 is vital in regulating metabolism, modulating cell growth, inducing apoptosis and facilitating signal transduction. It also serves as a significant tumor suppressor in various cancers. Recent studies have revealed aberrant expression of GPX3 in several non-neoplastic diseases, associating it with multiple pathological processes. This review synthesizes the current understanding of GPX3 expression and regulation, highlighting its extensive roles in noncancerous diseases. Additionally, this paper evaluates the potential of GPX3 as a diagnostic biomarker and explores emerging therapeutic strategies targeting this enzyme, offering potential avenues for future clinical treatment of non-neoplastic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (N.Z.); (H.L.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Haihan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (N.Z.); (H.L.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (N.Z.); (H.L.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (N.Z.); (H.L.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan 430060, China
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Bruck O, Pandit LM. Pulmonary Hypertension and Hyperglycemia-Not a Sweet Combination. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1119. [PMID: 38893645 PMCID: PMC11171670 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and pulmonary hypertension (PH) share common pathological pathways that lead to vascular dysfunction and resultant cardiovascular complications. These shared pathologic pathways involve endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances. Individuals with hyperglycemia or pulmonary hypertension also possess shared clinical factors that contribute to increased morbidity from both diseases. This review aims to explore the relationship between PH and hyperglycemia, highlighting the mechanisms underlying their association and discussing the clinical implications. Understanding these common pathologic and clinical factors will enable early detection for those at-risk for complications from both diseases, paving the way for improved research and targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Bruck
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77024, USA;
| | - L. M. Pandit
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77024, USA;
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Zhang X, Leng S, Liu X, Hu X, Liu Y, Li X, Feng Q, Guo W, Li N, Sheng Z, Wang S, Peng J. Ion channel Piezo1 activation aggravates the endothelial dysfunction under a high glucose environment. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:150. [PMID: 38702777 PMCID: PMC11067304 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculopathy is the most common complication of diabetes. Endothelial cells located in the innermost layer of blood vessels are constantly affected by blood flow or vascular components; thus, their mechanosensitivity plays an important role in mediating vascular regulation. Endothelial damage, one of the main causes of hyperglycemic vascular complications, has been extensively studied. However, the role of mechanosensitive signaling in hyperglycemic endothelial damage remains unclear. METHODS Vascular endothelial-specific Piezo1 knockout mice were generated to investigate the effects of Piezo1 on Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia and vascular endothelial injury. In vitro activation or knockdown of Piezo1 was performed to evaluate the effects on the proliferation, migration, and tubular function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in high glucose. Reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential alternations, and oxidative stress-related products were used to assess the extent of oxidative stress damage caused by Piezo1 activation. RESULTS Our study found that in VECreERT2;Piezo1flox/flox mice with Piezo1 conditional knockout in vascular endothelial cells, Piezo1 deficiency alleviated streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia with reduced apoptosis and abscission of thoracic aortic endothelial cells, and decreased the inflammatory response of aortic tissue caused by high glucose. Moreover, the knockout of Piezo1 showed a thinner thoracic aortic wall, reduced tunica media damage, and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in transgenic mice, indicating the relief of endothelial damage caused by hyperglycemia. We also showed that Piezo1 activation aggravated oxidative stress injury and resulted in severe dysfunction through the Ca2+-induced CaMKII-Nrf2 axis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In Piezo1 conditional knockout mice, Piezo1 deficiency partially restored superoxide dismutase activity and reduced malondialdehyde content in the thoracic aorta. Mechanistically, Piezo1 deficiency decreased CaMKII phosphorylation and restored the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream molecules HO-1 and NQO1. CONCLUSION In summary, our study revealed that Piezo1 is involved in high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury and aggravated endothelial dysfunction, which have great significance for alleviating endothelial damage caused by hyperglycemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress
- Ion Channels/metabolism
- Ion Channels/genetics
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/deficiency
- Cells, Cultured
- Cell Proliferation
- Apoptosis
- Male
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology
- Cell Movement
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Mice
- Streptozocin
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoqiu Leng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zi Sheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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45
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Zhang C, Li Y, Yan C, Yu H, Zhang X. Mendelian randomization analyses reveal causal relationship between liver volume and stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107752. [PMID: 38701939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested a potential association between abdominal viscera volume and increased risk of stroke. However, the causal relationship remains unclear. This study aims to utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the genetic causal relationship between them. METHODS We conducted MR analysis to study the causal effects of five abdominal viscera volumes on stroke. The genetic variations of abdominal viscera volume were obtained from the UK Biobank, and the summary data for stroke and ischemic stroke were acquired from the MEGASTROKE consortium. This study employed inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, and weighted median methods. IVW served as the primary MR analysis method, supplemented by other sensitivity analyses to validate the robustness of the results. RESULTS We found that liver volume can causally increase the risk of stroke [odds ratio (OR): 1.13, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.25, P = 0.013] and ischemic stroke (OR: 1.14, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.26, P = 0.012). No causal relationships between other abdominal viscera volumes and stroke and ischemic stroke appeared to be present (P > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results. CONCLUSION Our research findings indicate a causal relationship between liver volume and stroke, highlighting the potential role of liver volume in the onset of stroke. However, further basic and clinical research is needed to delve into the specific mechanisms underlying the relationship between liver volume and stroke, and to implement interventions aimed at reducing the impact of liver volume on stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyun Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - YuQiu Li
- Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huijuan Yu
- Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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46
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Deepu V, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Quantitative Assessment of Intracellular Effectors and Cellular Response in RAGE Activation. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH 2024; 7:80-103. [PMID: 38784044 PMCID: PMC11113086 DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The review delves into the methods for the quantitative assessment of intracellular effectors and cellular response of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE), a vital transmembrane receptor involved in a range of physiological and pathological processes. RAGE bind to Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) and other ligands, which in turn activate diverse downstream signaling pathways that impact cellular responses such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune reactions. The review article discusses the intracellular signaling pathways activated by RAGE followed by differential activation of RAGE signaling across various diseases. This will ultimately guide researchers in developing targeted and effective interventions for diseases associated with RAGE activation. Further, we have discussed how PCR, western blotting, and microscopic examination of various molecules involved in downstream signaling can be leveraged to monitor, diagnose, and explore diseases involving proteins with unique post-translational modifications. This review article underscores the pressing need for advancements in molecular approaches for disease detection and management involving RAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinitha Deepu
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
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47
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Li Q, Kang J, Liu N, Huang J, Zhang X, Pang K, Zhang S, Wang M, Zhao Y, Dong S, Li H, Zhao D, Lu F, Zhang W. Hydrogen sulfide improves endothelial barrier function by modulating the ubiquitination degradation of KLF4 through TRAF7 S-sulfhydration in diabetic aorta. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:118-138. [PMID: 38479633 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Anomalous vascular endothelium significantly contributes to various cardiovascular diseases. VE-cadherin plays a vital role in governing the endothelial barrier. Krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4), as a transcription factor, which binds the VE-cadherin promoter and enhances its transcription. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that has been shown to modulate the degradation of KLF4. H2S can covalently modify cysteine residues on proteins through S-sulfhydration, thereby influencing the structure and functionality of the target protein. However, the role of S-sulfhydration on endothelial barrier integrity remains to be comprehensively elucidated. This study aims to investigate whether protein S-sulfhydration in the endothelium regulates endothelial integrity and its underlying mechanism. In this study, we observed that protein S-sulfhydration was reduced in the endothelium during diabetes and TRAF7 was the main target. Overexpression of TRAF7-Cys327 mutant could mitigate the endothelial barrier damage by weakening TRAF7 interaction with KLF4 and reducing ubiquitination degradation of KLF4. In conclusion, our research demonstrates that H2S plays a pivotal role in regulating S-sulfhydration of TRAF7 at Cys327. This regulation effectively inhibits the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of KLF4, resulting in an upregulation of VE-cadherin levels. This molecular mechanism contributes to the prevention of endothelial barrier damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jiaxin Kang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xueya Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kemiao Pang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dechao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Fanghao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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48
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Liu J, Wang C, Qiu S, Sun W, Yang G, Yuan L. Toward Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Targets, Strategies, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1416-1428. [PMID: 38391247 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes vasculopathy is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and early identification and timely intervention can effectively slow the progression. Accumulating studies have shown that diabetes causes vascular complications directly or indirectly through a variety of mechanisms. Direct imaging of the endothelial molecular changes not only identifies the early stage of diabetes vasculopathy but also sheds light on the precise treatment. Targeted ultrasound contrast agent (UCA)-based ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) can noninvasively detect the expression status of molecular biomarkers overexpressed in the vasculature, thereby being a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment response evaluation of DM. Amounts of efforts have been focused on identification of the molecular targets expressed in the vasculature, manufacturing strategies of the targeted UCA, and the clinical translation for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both micro- and macrovasculopathy in DM. This review summarizes the latest research progress on endothelium-targeted UCA and discusses their promising future and challenges in diabetes vasculopathy theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Shuo Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
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49
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Braescu L, Sturza A, Aburel OM, Sosdean R, Muntean D, Luca CT, Brie DM, Feier H, Crisan S, Mornos C. Assessing the Relationship between Indexed Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness, Oxidative Stress in Adipocytes, and Coronary Artery Disease Complexity in Open-Heart Surgery Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:177. [PMID: 38276055 PMCID: PMC10818352 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This cross-sectional study conducted at the Timișoara Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Romania, and the Centre for Translational Research and Systems Medicine from "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timișoara, Romania, investigated the relationship between indexed epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATTi) and oxidative stress in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) adipocytes in the context of coronary artery disease (CAD) among open-heart surgery patients. The objective was to elucidate the contribution of EATTi as an additional marker for complexity prediction in patients with CAD, potentially influencing clinical decision-making in surgical settings. Materials and Methods: The study included 25 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with a mean age of 65.16 years and a body mass index of 27.61 kg/m2. Oxidative stress in EAT was assessed using the ferrous iron xylenol orange oxidation spectrophotometric assay. The patients were divided into three groups: those with valvular heart disease without CAD, patients with CAD without diabetes mellitus (DM), and patients with both CAD and DM. The CAD complexity was evaluated using the SYNTAX score. Results: The EATTi showed statistically significant elevations in the patients with both CAD and DM (mean 5.27 ± 0.67 mm/m2) compared to the CAD without DM group (mean 3.78 ± 1.05 mm/m2, p = 0.024) and the valvular disease without CAD group (mean 2.67 ± 0.83 mm/m2, p = 0.001). Patients with SYNTAX scores over 32 had significantly higher EATTi (5.27 ± 0.66 mm/m2) compared to those with lower scores. An EATTi greater than 4.15 mm/m2 predicted more complex CAD (SYNTAX score >22) with 80% sensitivity and 86% specificity. The intra- and interobserver reproducibility for the EATTi measurement were excellent (intra-class correlation coefficient 0.911, inter-class correlation coefficient 0.895). Conclusions: EATTi is significantly associated with CAD complexity in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. It serves as a reliable indicator of more intricate CAD forms, as reflected by higher SYNTAX scores. These findings highlight the clinical relevance of EATTi in pre-operative assessment, suggesting its potential utility as a prognostic marker in cardiac surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Braescu
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Doctoral School Medicine-Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Sturza
- Department III Functional Sciences—Pathophysiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.S.); (O.M.A.); (D.M.)
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Oana Maria Aburel
- Department III Functional Sciences—Pathophysiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.S.); (O.M.A.); (D.M.)
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Sosdean
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiology Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (R.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.M.B.); (S.C.); (C.M.)
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Danina Muntean
- Department III Functional Sciences—Pathophysiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.S.); (O.M.A.); (D.M.)
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Constantin Tudor Luca
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiology Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (R.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.M.B.); (S.C.); (C.M.)
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Miron Brie
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiology Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (R.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.M.B.); (S.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Horea Feier
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Simina Crisan
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiology Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (R.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.M.B.); (S.C.); (C.M.)
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Mornos
- Department VI Cardiology—Cardiology Clinic, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (R.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.M.B.); (S.C.); (C.M.)
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, E. Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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50
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Di Pietro P, Abate AC, Prete V, Damato A, Venturini E, Rusciano MR, Izzo C, Visco V, Ciccarelli M, Vecchione C, Carrizzo A. C2CD4B Evokes Oxidative Stress and Vascular Dysfunction via a PI3K/Akt/PKCα-Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:101. [PMID: 38247525 PMCID: PMC10812653 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
High glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction is an important pathological feature of diabetic vasculopathy. While genome-wide studies have identified an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and increased expression of a C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 4B (C2CD4B), no study has yet explored the possible direct effect of C2CD4B on vascular function. Vascular reactivity studies were conducted using a pressure myograph, and nitric oxide and oxidative stress were assessed through difluorofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium, respectively. We demonstrate that high glucose upregulated both mRNA and protein expression of C2CD4B in mice mesenteric arteries in a time-dependent manner. Notably, the inhibition of C2CD4B expression by genetic knockdown efficiently prevented hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Recombinant C2CD4B evoked endothelial dysfunction of mice mesenteric arteries, an effect associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased NO production. In isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), C2CD4B increased phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at the inhibitory site Thr495 and reduced eNOS dimerization. Pharmacological inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and PKCα effectively attenuated oxidative stress, NO reduction, impairment of endothelial function, and eNOS uncoupling induced by C2CD4B. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that C2CD4B exerts a direct effect on vascular endothelium via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/PKCα-signaling pathway, providing a new perspective on C2CD4B as a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of oxidative stress in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Angela Carmelita Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Valeria Prete
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Antonio Damato
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
| | - Eleonora Venturini
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Rusciano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.D.P.); (A.C.A.); (V.P.); (M.R.R.); (C.I.); (V.V.); (M.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.D.); (E.V.)
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