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Sun M, Yang H, Hu Y, Fan J, Duan M, Ruan J, Li S, Xu Y, Han Y. Differential white blood cell count and epigenetic clocks: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:118. [PMID: 39192327 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human aging and white blood cell (WBC) count are complex traits influenced by multiple genetic factors. Predictors of chronological age have been developed using epigenetic clocks. However, the bidirectional causal effects between epigenetic clocks and WBC count have not been fully examined. METHODS This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to analyze summary statistics from four epigenetic clocks involving 34,710 participants, alongside data from the Blood Cell Consortium encompassing 563,946 individuals. We primarily explored bidirectional causal relationships using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by additional MR methods for comprehensive analysis. Additionally, multivariate MR was applied to investigate independent effects of WBC count on epigenetic age acceleration. RESULTS In the two-sample univariate MR (UVMR) analysis, we observed that a decrease in lymphocyte count markedly accelerated aging according to the PhenoAge, GrimAge, and HannumAge metrics (all P < 0.01, β < 0), though it did not affect Intrinsic Epigenetic Age Acceleration (IEAA). Conversely, an increase in neutrophil count significantly elevated PhenoAge levels (β: 0.38; 95% CI 0.14, 0.61; P = 1.65E-03 < 0.01). Reverse MR revealed no significant causal impacts of epigenetic clocks on overall WBC counts. Furthermore, in multivariate MR, the impact of lymphocyte counts on epigenetic aging metrics remained statistically significant. We also identified a marked causal association between neutrophil counts and PhenoAge, GrimAge, and HannumAge, with respective results showing strong associations (PhenoAge β: 0.78; 95% CI 0.47, 1.09; P = 8.26E-07; GrimAge β: 0.55; 95% CI 0.31, 0.79; P = 5.50E-06; HannumAge β: 0.42; 95% CI 0.18, 0.67; P = 6.30E-04). Likewise, eosinophil cell count demonstrated significant association with HannumAge (β: 0.33; 95% CI 0.13, 0.53; P = 1.43E-03 < 0.01). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that within WBCs, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts exert irreversible and independent causal effects on the acceleration of PhenoAge, GrimAge, and HannumAge. Our findings highlight the critical role of WBCs in influencing epigenetic clocks and underscore the importance of considering immune parameters when interpreting epigenetic age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Sun
- Drug Clinical Trail Center, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Drug Clinical Trail Center, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Fan
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingjing Duan
- Drug Clinical Trail Center, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China
| | - Jingqi Ruan
- Drug Clinical Trail Center, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China
| | - Shichang Li
- Drug Clinical Trail Center, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Drug Clinical Trail Center, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Han
- The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, 209 Jiangdu Street, Harbin, China.
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Zheng X, Yang L, Shen X, Pan J, Chen Y, Chen J, Wang H, Meng J, Chen Z, Xie S, Li Y, Zhu B, Zhu W, Qin L, Lu L. Targeting Gsk3a reverses immune evasion to enhance immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e009642. [PMID: 39174053 PMCID: PMC11340705 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2024-009642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune escape is an important feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The overall response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in HCC is still limited. Revealing the immune regulation mechanisms and finding new immune targets are expected to further improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Our study aims to use CRISPR screening mice models to identify potential targets that play a critical role in HCC immune evasion and further explore their value in improving immunotherapy. METHODS We performed CRISPR screening in two mice models with different immune backgrounds (C57BL/6 and NPG mice) and identified the immunosuppressive gene Gsk3a as a candidate for further investigation. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the impact of Gsk3a on immune cell infiltration and T-cell function. RNA sequencing was used to identify the changes in neutrophil gene expression induced by Gsk3a and alterations in downstream molecules. The therapeutic value of the combination of Gsk3a inhibitors and anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) antibody was also explored. RESULTS Gsk3a, as an immune inhibitory target, significantly promoted tumor growth in immunocompetent mice rather than immune-deficient mice. Gsk3a inhibited cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) function by inducing neutrophil chemotaxis. Gsk3a promoted self-chemotaxis of neutrophil expression profiles and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation to block T-cell activity through leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1). A significant synergistic effect was observed when Gsk3a inhibitor was in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody. CONCLUSIONS We identified a potential HCC immune evasion target, Gsk3a, through CRISPR screening. Gsk3a induces neutrophil recruitment and NETs formation through the intermediate molecule LRG1, leading to the inhibition of CTLs function. Targeting Gsk3a can enhance CTLs function and improve the efficacy of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotian Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenchao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sunzhe Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bolun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lucero J, Gurnani A, Weinberg J, Shih LC. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and longitudinal cognitive performance in Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024. [PMID: 39031909 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have suggested a link between peripheral inflammation and cognitive outcomes in the general population and individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to test the association between peripheral inflammation, measured by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), cognitive performance, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) status in individuals with PD. METHODS A retrospective, longitudinal analysis was carried out using data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), including 422 participants with PD followed over 5 years. Cognitive performance was assessed using a neuropsychological battery including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and tests of verbal learning, visuospatial function, processing speed, and executive function. Mixed-effect regression models were used to analyze the association between NLR, cognitive performance, and MCI status, controlling for age, sex, education, APOE genotype, and motor severity. RESULTS There was a negative association between NLR and MoCA, even after adjusting for covariates (b = -0.12, p = 0.033). MoCA scores for individuals in the high NLR category exhibited a more rapid decline over time compared to the low NLR group (b = -0.16, p = 0.012). Increased NLR was associated with decreased performance across all cognitive domains. However, NLR was not associated with MCI status over 5 years of follow-up. INTERPRETATION This study demonstrates a link between elevated NLR and cognitive performance in PD, but not with MCI status over 5 years. This suggests that NLR is more strongly associated with day-to-day cognitive performance than with incident MCI, but this requires further study in more heterogeneous cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenniffer Lucero
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA
| | - Ashita Gurnani
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA
| | - Janice Weinberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, 02118, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ludy C Shih
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA
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Yin X, Zhang Y, Zou J, Yang J. Association of the systemic immune-inflammation index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15129. [PMID: 38956376 PMCID: PMC11219888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a metric reflecting systemic inflammatory response and immune activation, remains underexplored concerning its correlation with mortality among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This study aimed to delineate the association between SII and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality within the cohort of American adults diagnosed with RA, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999 to 2018. The investigation extracted data from NHANES cycles between 1999 and 2018, identifying RA patients through questionnaire responses. The SII was computed based on complete blood counts, employing the formula: (platelets × neutrophils) / lymphocytes. The optimal SII cutoff value for significant survival outcomes was determined using maximally selected rank statistics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models assessed the relationship between SII levels and mortality (all-cause and cardiovascular) among RA patients, with subgroup analyses examining potential modifications by clinical confounders. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were conducted to explore the linearity of the SII-mortality association. The study encompassed 2070 American adults with RA, among whom 287 exhibited a higher SII (≥ 919.75) and 1783 a lower SII (< 919.75). Over a median follow-up duration of 108 months, 602 participants died. After adjustments for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variables, a higher SII was associated with a 1.48-fold increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-1.81, P < 0.001) and a 1.51-fold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.04-2.18, P = 0.030) compared to a lower SII. Kaplan-Meier analyses corroborated significantly reduced survival rates within the higher SII cohort for both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (Pall-cause mortality < 0.0001 and Pcardiovascular mortality = 0.0004). RCS analyses confirmed a positive nonlinear relationship between SII and mortality rates. In conclusion, the SII offers a straightforward indicator of the equilibrium between detrimental innate inflammation and beneficial adaptive immunity. Our investigation, utilizing a comprehensive and nationally representative sample, reveals that elevated SII levels independently forecast a greater risk of mortality from all causes, as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality, in individuals suffering from RA. These insights underscore the clinical relevance of the SII as an affordable and readily accessible biomarker. Its incorporation into regular clinical practice could significantly enhance the precision of risk assessment and forecasting for patients with RA, facilitating more tailored and effective management strategies. Specifically, patients with high SII levels could be identified for more stringent cardiovascular risk management, including closer monitoring, lifestyle interventions, and aggressive pharmacological treatments to mitigate their increased risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Yin
- Department of Immunology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinmei Zou
- Department of Immunology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Immunology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.
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Typiak M, Żurawa-Janicka D. Not an immune cell, but they may act like one-cells with immune properties outside the immune system. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:487-499. [PMID: 38650437 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The cells presented in this work are not classified as cells that make up the immune system. They, however, present functions and molecules, which are characteristic of immune cells. These characteristic functions are, for example, sensing threat, performing phagocytosis, presentation of foreign antigens, cytokine release or enhancing immune memory. The enlisted immune response mechanisms are carried out by the possession of molecules such as Toll-like receptors, receptors for the Fc fragment of IgG, major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, costimulatory CD80/CD86 proteins and molecules needed for NLRP3 (NOD-like family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome activation. Thanks to these properties, the described nonimmune cells play an important role in the local immune response and support of the entire body in the fight against pathogens. They constitute the first line of defense of tissues and organs against pathogens and molecules recognized as harmful. The cells described in this article are particularly important in immunologically privileged places (e.g. the Bowman's capsule in the kidney), where "typical" immune cells normally do not have access. In this paper, we present immune-like functions and molecule suites of resident kidney cells (podocytes and mesangial cells), cochlear resident cells, fibrocytes and fibroblasts, as well as some stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Typiak
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Żurawa-Janicka
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
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Kupor D, Felder ML, Kodikalla S, Chu X, Eniola-Adefeso O. Nanoparticle-neutrophils interactions for autoimmune regulation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115316. [PMID: 38663550 PMCID: PMC11246615 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role as 'first responders' in the immune response, necessitating many immune-modulating capabilities. Chronic, unresolved inflammation is heavily implicated in the progression and tissue-degrading effects of autoimmune disease. Neutrophils modulate disease pathogenesis by interacting with the inflammatory and autoreactive cells through effector functions, including signaling, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release. Since the current gold standard systemic glucocorticoid administration has many drawbacks and side effects, targeting neutrophils in autoimmunity provides a new approach to developing therapeutics. Nanoparticles enable targeting of specific cell types and controlled release of a loaded drug cargo. Thus, leveraging nanoparticle properties and interactions with neutrophils provides an exciting new direction toward novel therapies for autoimmune diseases. Additionally, recent work has utilized neutrophil properties to design novel targeted particles for delivery into previously inaccessible areas. Here, we outline nanoparticle-based strategies to modulate neutrophil activity in autoimmunity, including various nanoparticle formulations and neutrophil-derived targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kupor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael L Felder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shivanie Kodikalla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xueqi Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Scalise CB, Kincaid K, Thigpen H, Moore J, Dover B, Norian L, Meza-Perez S, Randall T, Birrer M, Odunsi K, Arend RC. A spatial proteomic study of platinum refractory HGSOC implicates dual AKT and WNT activity linked to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 185:83-94. [PMID: 38377762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Advanced-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains a deadly gynecologic malignancy with high rates of disease recurrence and limited, effective therapeutic options for patients. There is a significant need to better stratify HGSOC patients into platinum refractory (PRF) vs. sensitive (PS) cohorts at baseline to improve therapeutic responses and survival outcomes for PRF HGSOC. METHODS We performed NanoString for GeoMx Digital Spatial Profile (G-DSP) multiplex protein analysis on PRF and PS tissue microarrays (TMAs) to study the bidirectional communication of cancer cells with immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HGSOC. We demonstrate robust stratification of PRF and PS tumors at baseline using multiplex spatial proteomic biomarkers with implications for tailoring subsequent therapy. RESULTS PS patients had elevated apoptotic and anti-tumor immune profiles, while PRF patients had dual AKT1 and WNT signaling with immunosuppressive profiles. We found that dual activity of AKT1 and WNT signaling supported the exclusion of immune cells, specifically tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), from the TME in PRF tumors, and this was not observed in PS tumors. The exclusion of immune cells from the TME of PRF tumors corresponded to abnormal endothelial cell structure in tumors with dual AKT1 and WNT signaling activity. CONCLUSIONS We believe our findings provide improved understanding of tumor-immune crosstalk in HGSOC TME highlighting the importance of the relationship between AKT and WNT pathways, immune cell function, and platinum response in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly B Scalise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Kincaid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Haley Thigpen
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jennah Moore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Bailee Dover
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lyse Norian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Selene Meza-Perez
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Troy Randall
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA; Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Michael Birrer
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical Sciences Center, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca C Arend
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Preda AC, Ciuleanu TE, Todor N, Vlad C, Iancu DI, Mocan C, Bandi-Vasilica M, Albu F, Todor-Bondei IM, Hapca MC, Kubelac MP, Kubelac-Varro AD. Use of Different Anti-PD-1 Checkpoint Combination Strategies for First-Line Advanced NSCLC Treatment-The Experience of Ion Chiricuță Oncology Institute. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2022. [PMID: 38893141 PMCID: PMC11171289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Different combination modalities between an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agent and a platinum-based chemotherapy or another checkpoint inhibitor (with or without a short course or full course of a platinum doublet) proved superior to chemotherapy alone in multiple clinical trials, but these strategies were not directly compared. The aim of this study is to report the real-world data results with different immunotherapy combinations in a series of patients treated in consecutive cohorts at the Ion Chiricuță Oncology Institute. METHODS A total of 122 patients were successively enrolled in three cohorts: (1A) nivolumab + ipilimumab (18 patients), (1B) nivolumab + ipilimumab + short-course chemotherapy (33 patients), and (2) pembrolizumab plus full-course chemotherapy (71 patients). Endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response (ORR), and univariate and multivariate exploratory analysis of prognostic factors. RESULTS Median follow-up in the consecutive cohorts 1A, 1B, and 2 was 83 versus 59 versus 14.2 months. Median OS and PFS for all patients were 22.2 and 11.5 months, respectively, and 2-year actuarial OS and PFS were 49% and 35%, respectively. For the nivolumab + ipilimumab (cohorts 1A and 1B) versus pembrolizumab combinations (cohort 2), median OS was 14 vs. 24.8 months (p = 0.18) and 2-year actuarial survival 42% vs. 53%; median PFS was 8.6 vs. 12.7 months (p = 0.41) and 2-year actuarial PFS 34% vs. 35%; response rates were 33.3% vs. 47.9% (p = 0.22). Older age, impaired PS (2 versus 0-1), corticotherapy in the first month of immunotherapy, and >3.81 neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio were independent unfavorable prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis of survival (limited to 2 years follow-up). The 5-year long-term survival was 30.5% and 18.8% for cohorts 1A and 1B, respectively (not enough follow-up for cohort 2). CONCLUSIONS Efficacy results using different immunotherapy combination strategies were promising and not significantly different between protocols at 2 years. Real-world efficacy and long-term results in our series were in line with those reported in the corresponding registration trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Cristina Preda
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.C.H.); (A.D.K.-V.)
| | - Tudor-Eliade Ciuleanu
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.C.H.); (A.D.K.-V.)
| | - Nicolae Todor
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Cătălin Vlad
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.C.H.); (A.D.K.-V.)
| | - Dana Ioana Iancu
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Cristina Mocan
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Mariana Bandi-Vasilica
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Florina Albu
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Irina Mihaela Todor-Bondei
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Mădălina Claudia Hapca
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.C.H.); (A.D.K.-V.)
| | - Milan-Paul Kubelac
- Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-C.P.); (T.-E.C.); (N.T.); (C.V.); (D.I.I.); (C.M.); (M.B.-V.); (F.A.); (I.M.T.-B.)
| | - Adelina Dadiana Kubelac-Varro
- Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.C.H.); (A.D.K.-V.)
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9
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Li J, Hsu KS, Howe SE, Hoang T, Xia Z, Berzofsky JA, Sui Y. Sex-biased immunogenicity of a mucosal subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386243. [PMID: 38835757 PMCID: PMC11148259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current vaccines against COVID-19 administered via parenteral route have limited ability to induce mucosal immunity. There is a need for an effective mucosal vaccine to combat SARS-CoV-2 virus replication in the respiratory mucosa. Moreover, sex differences are known to affect systemic antibody responses against vaccines. However, their role in mucosal cellular responses against a vaccine remains unclear and is underappreciated. Methods We evaluated the mucosal immunogenicity of a booster vaccine regimen that is recombinant protein-based and administered intranasally in mice to explore sex differences in mucosal humoral and cellular responses. Results Our results showed that vaccinated mice elicited strong systemic antibody (Ab), nasal, and bronchiole alveolar lavage (BAL) IgA responses, and local T cell immune responses in the lung in a sex-biased manner irrespective of mouse genetic background. Monocytes, alveolar macrophages, and CD103+ resident dendritic cells (DCs) in the lungs are correlated with robust mucosal Ab and T cell responses induced by the mucosal vaccine. Discussion Our findings provide novel insights into optimizing next-generation booster vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 by inducing spike-specific lung T cell responses, as well as optimizing mucosal immunity for other respiratory infections, and a rationale for considering sex differences in future vaccine research and vaccination practice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Mice
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/virology
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Male
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/virology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Administration, Intranasal
- Sex Factors
- Immunoglobulin A/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunity, Humoral
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Li
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kevin S Hsu
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Savannah E Howe
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tanya Hoang
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zheng Xia
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yongjun Sui
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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10
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Sun C, Wang S, Ma Z, Zhou J, Ding Z, Yuan G, Pan Y. Neutrophils in glioma microenvironment: from immune function to immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393173. [PMID: 38779679 PMCID: PMC11109384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, effective treatment options for gliomas are still lacking. Neutrophils, as an important member of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are widely distributed in circulation. Recently, the discovery of cranial-meningeal channels and intracranial lymphatic vessels has provided new insights into the origins of neutrophils in the CNS. Neutrophils in the brain may originate more from the skull and adjacent vertebral bone marrow. They cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under the action of chemokines and enter the brain parenchyma, subsequently migrating to the glioma TME and undergoing phenotypic changes upon contact with tumor cells. Under glycolytic metabolism model, neutrophils show complex and dual functions in different stages of cancer progression, including participation in the malignant progression, immune suppression, and anti-tumor effects of gliomas. Additionally, neutrophils in the TME interact with other immune cells, playing a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. Targeting neutrophils may be a novel generation of immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of cancer treatments. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of neutrophils infiltrating the central nervous system from the external environment, detailing the origin, functions, classifications, and targeted therapies of neutrophils in the context of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinghuan Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zilin Ding
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yawen Pan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Leung PBM, Liu Z, Zhong Y, Tubbs JD, Di Forti M, Murray RM, So HC, Sham PC, Lui SSY. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study of differential white blood cell counts and schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 118:22-30. [PMID: 38355025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia and white blood cell counts (WBC) are both complex and polygenic traits. Previous evidence suggests that increased WBC are associated with higher all-cause mortality, and other studies have found elevated WBC in first-episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia. However, these observational findings may be confounded by antipsychotic exposures and their effects on WBC. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a useful method for examining the directions of genetically-predicted relationships between schizophrenia and WBC. METHODS We performed a two-sample MR using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Schizophrenia Workgroup (N = 130,644) and the Blood Cell Consortium (N = 563,946). The MR methods included inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, MR-PRESSO, contamination mixture, and a novel approach called mixture model reciprocal causal inference (MRCI). False discovery rate was employed to correct for multiple testing. RESULTS Multiple MR methods supported bidirectional genetically-predicted relationships between lymphocyte count and schizophrenia: IVW (b = 0.026; FDR p-value = 0.008), MR Egger (b = 0.026; FDR p-value = 0.008), weighted median (b = 0.013; FDR p-value = 0.049), and MR-PRESSO (b = 0.014; FDR p-value = 0.010) in the forward direction, and IVW (OR = 1.100; FDR p-value = 0.021), MR Egger (OR = 1.231; FDR p-value < 0.001), weighted median (OR = 1.136; FDR p-value = 0.006) and MRCI (OR = 1.260; FDR p-value = 0.026) in the reverse direction. MR Egger (OR = 1.171; FDR p-value < 0.001) and MRCI (OR = 1.154; FDR p-value = 0.026) both suggested genetically-predicted eosinophil count is associated with schizophrenia, but MR Egger (b = 0.060; FDR p-value = 0.010) and contamination mixture (b = -0.013; FDR p-value = 0.045) gave ambiguous results on whether genetically predicted liability to schizophrenia would be associated with eosinophil count. MR Egger (b = 0.044; FDR p-value = 0.010) and MR-PRESSO (b = 0.009; FDR p-value = 0.045) supported genetically predicted liability to schizophrenia is associated with elevated monocyte count, and the opposite direction was also indicated by MR Egger (OR = 1.231; FDR p-value = 0.045). Lastly, unidirectional genetic liability from schizophrenia to neutrophil count were proposed by MR-PRESSO (b = 0.011; FDR p-value = 0.028) and contamination mixture (b = 0.011; FDR p-value = 0.045) method. CONCLUSION This MR study utilised multiple MR methods to obtain results suggesting bidirectional genetic genetically-predicted relationships for elevated lymphocyte counts and schizophrenia risk. In addition, moderate evidence also showed bidirectional genetically-predicted relationships between schizophrenia and monocyte counts, and unidirectional effect from genetic liability for eosinophil count to schizophrenia and from genetic liability for schizophrenia to neutrophil count. The influence of schizophrenia to eosinophil count is less certain. Our findings support the role of WBC in schizophrenia and concur with the hypothesis of neuroinflammation in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry B M Leung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zipeng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Justin D Tubbs
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetics and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hon-Cheong So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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12
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Zannikou M, Fish EN, Platanias LC. Signaling by Type I Interferons in Immune Cells: Disease Consequences. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1600. [PMID: 38672681 PMCID: PMC11049350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review addresses interferon (IFN) signaling in immune cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and examines how this affects cancer progression. The data reveal that IFNs exert dual roles in cancers, dependent on the TME, exhibiting both anti-tumor activity and promoting cancer progression. We discuss the abnormal IFN signaling induced by cancerous cells that alters immune responses to permit their survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markella Zannikou
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eleanor N. Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 67 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada;
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 S. Damen Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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13
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Larsson S, Holmgren S, Jenndahl L, Ulfenborg B, Strehl R, Synnergren J, Ghosheh N. Proteome of Personalized Tissue-Engineered Veins. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14805-14817. [PMID: 38585136 PMCID: PMC10993322 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Vascular diseases are the largest cause of death globally and impose a major global burden on healthcare. The gold standard for treating vascular diseases is the transplantation of autologous veins, if applicable. Alternative treatments still suffer from shortcomings, including low patency, lack of growth potential, the need for repeated intervention, and a substantial risk of developing infections. The use of a vascular ECM scaffold reconditioned with the patient's own cells has shown successful results in preclinical and clinical studies. In this study, we have compared the proteomes of personalized tissue-engineered veins of humans and pigs. By applying tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling LC/MS-MS, we have investigated the proteome of decellularized (DC) veins from humans and pigs and reconditioned (RC) DC veins produced through perfusion with the patient's whole blood in STEEN solution, applying the same technology as used in the preclinical studies. The results revealed high similarity between the proteomes of human and pig DC and RC veins, including the ECM texture after decellularization and reconditioning. In addition, functional enrichment analysis showed similarities in signaling pathways and biological processes involved in the immune system response. Furthermore, the classification of proteins involved in immune response activity that were detected in human and pig RC veins revealed proteins that evoke immunogenic responses, which may lead to graft rejection, thrombosis, and inflammation. However, the results from this study imply the initiation of wound healing rather than an immunogenic response, as both systems share the same processes, and no immunogenic response was reported in the preclinical and clinical studies. Finally, our study assessed the application of STEEN solution in tissue engineering and identified proteins that may be useful for the prediction of successful transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Larsson
- Systems
Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, SE-541 28 Skövde, Sweden
| | - Sandra Holmgren
- VERIGRAFT, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lachmi Jenndahl
- VERIGRAFT, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Ulfenborg
- Systems
Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, SE-541 28 Skövde, Sweden
| | - Raimund Strehl
- VERIGRAFT, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jane Synnergren
- Systems
Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, SE-541 28 Skövde, Sweden
- Department
of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute
of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nidal Ghosheh
- Systems
Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, SE-541 28 Skövde, Sweden
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14
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Saito S, Okuno A, Peng Z, Cao DY, Tsuji NM. Probiotic lactic acid bacteria promote anti-tumor immunity through enhanced major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted antigen presentation machinery in dendritic cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335975. [PMID: 38605963 PMCID: PMC11008462 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possess the ability to argument T cell activity through functional modification of antigen presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism underlying LAB-induced enhancement of antigen presentation in APCs remains incompletely understood. To address this question, we investigated the detailed mechanism underlying the enhancement of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted antigen presentation in DCs using a probiotic strain known as Lactococcus lactis subsp. Cremoris C60. We found that Heat-killed-C60 (HK-C60) facilitated the processing and presentation of ovalbumin (OVA) peptide antigen OVA257-264 (SIINFEKL) via H-2Kb in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), leading to increased generation of effector CD8+ T cells both in vitro and in vivo. We also revealed that HK-C60 stimulation augmented the activity of 20S immunoproteasome (20SI) in BMDCs, thereby enhancing the MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation machinery. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of HK-C60 on CD8+ T cell activation in an OVA-expressing B16-F10 murine melanoma model. Oral administration of HK-C60 significantly attenuated tumor growth compared to control treatment. Enhanced Ag processing and presentation machineries in DCs from both Peyer's Patches (PPs) and lymph nodes (LNs) resulted in an increased tumor antigen specific CD8+ T cells. These findings shed new light on the role of LAB in MHC class-I restricted antigen presentation and activation of CD8+ T cells through functional modification of DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Saito
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Life Technology and Science, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alato Okuno
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Life Technology and Science, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Design, Shibata Gakuen University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Zhenzi Peng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Duo-Yao Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Noriko M. Tsuji
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Life Technology and Science, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Food Science, Jumonji University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
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15
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Zhang G, Shao F, Yuan W, Wu J, Qi X, Gao J, Shao R, Tang Z, Wang T. Predicting sepsis in-hospital mortality with machine learning: a multi-center study using clinical and inflammatory biomarkers. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:156. [PMID: 38448999 PMCID: PMC10918942 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop and validate an interpretable machine-learning model that utilizes clinical features and inflammatory biomarkers to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients suffering from sepsis. METHODS We enrolled all patients diagnosed with sepsis in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV, v.2.0), eICU Collaborative Research Care (eICU-CRD 2.0), and the Amsterdam University Medical Centers databases (AmsterdamUMCdb 1.0.2). LASSO regression was employed for feature selection. Seven machine-learning methods were applied to develop prognostic models. The optimal model was chosen based on its accuracy, F1 score and area under curve (AUC) in the validation cohort. Moreover, we utilized the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to elucidate the effects of the features attributed to the model and analyze how individual features affect the model's output. Finally, Spearman correlation analysis examined the associations among continuous predictor variables. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) explored potential non-linear relationships between continuous risk factors and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS 3535 patients with sepsis were eligible for participation in this study. The median age of the participants was 66 years (IQR, 55-77 years), and 56% were male. After selection, 12 of the 45 clinical parameters collected on the first day after ICU admission remained associated with prognosis and were used to develop machine-learning models. Among seven constructed models, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model achieved the best performance, with an AUC of 0.94 and an F1 score of 0.937 in the validation cohort. Feature importance analysis revealed that Age, AST, invasive ventilation treatment, and serum urea nitrogen (BUN) were the top four features of the XGBoost model with the most significant impact. Inflammatory biomarkers may have prognostic value. Furthermore, SHAP force analysis illustrated how the constructed model visualized the prediction of the model. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the potential of machine-learning approaches for early prediction of outcomes in patients with sepsis. The SHAP method could improve the interoperability of machine-learning models and help clinicians better understand the reasoning behind the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyu Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Fei Shao
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Junyuan Wu
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xuan Qi
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ziren Tang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, 100020, China.
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16
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Tebben K, Yirampo S, Coulibaly D, Koné AK, Laurens MB, Stucke EM, Dembélé A, Tolo Y, Traoré K, Niangaly A, Berry AA, Kouriba B, Plowe CV, Doumbo OK, Lyke KE, Takala-Harrison S, Thera MA, Travassos MA, Serre D. Gene expression analyses reveal differences in children's response to malaria according to their age. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2021. [PMID: 38448421 PMCID: PMC10918175 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In Bandiagara, Mali, children experience on average two clinical malaria episodes per year. However, even in the same transmission area, the number of uncomplicated symptomatic infections, and their parasitemia, can vary dramatically among children. We simultaneously characterize host and parasite gene expression profiles from 136 Malian children with symptomatic falciparum malaria and examine differences in the relative proportion of immune cells and parasite stages, as well as in gene expression, associated with infection and or patient characteristics. Parasitemia explains much of the variation in host and parasite gene expression, and infections with higher parasitemia display proportionally more neutrophils and fewer T cells, suggesting parasitemia-dependent neutrophil recruitment and/or T cell extravasation to secondary lymphoid organs. The child's age also strongly correlates with variations in gene expression: Plasmodium falciparum genes associated with age suggest that older children carry more male gametocytes, while variations in host gene expression indicate a stronger innate response in younger children and stronger adaptive response in older children. These analyses highlight the variability in host responses and parasite regulation during P. falciparum symptomatic infections and emphasize the importance of considering the children's age when studying and treating malaria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Tebben
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Salif Yirampo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Drissa Coulibaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye K Koné
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Matthew B Laurens
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emily M Stucke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmadou Dembélé
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Youssouf Tolo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Karim Traoré
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Niangaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Andrea A Berry
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bourema Kouriba
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Christopher V Plowe
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ogobara K Doumbo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kirsten E Lyke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Takala-Harrison
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mahamadou A Thera
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mark A Travassos
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Serre
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Budzyń M, Gryszczyńska B, Begier-Krasińska B, Kaja E, Mikołajczak P, Kujawski R, Grupińska J, Iskra M, Tykarski A, Kaczmarek M. Decreased toll-like receptor 4 and CD11b/CD18 expression on peripheral monocytes of hypertensive patients correlates with a lesser extent of endothelial damage: a preliminary study. J Hypertens 2024; 42:471-483. [PMID: 37937521 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-grade chronic inflammation is recognized to contribute to the physiopathology of arterial hypertension. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the pro-inflammatory phenotype of peripheral monocytes of hypertensive patients by analyzing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and CD11b/CD18 surface expression. In the second part, the influence of phenotypic alterations of monocytes on the endothelial status reflected by circulating endothelial cells (CECs) was evaluated. PATIENTS The study included 60 patients with arterial hypertension, who were divided into two subgroups based on the disease severity according to the applicable criteria. The mild hypertension and resistant hypertension groups included 30 patients each. The control group consisted of 33 normotensive volunteers matched for age and sex. RESULTS Both in the entire group of patients and individual subgroups, reduced surface expression of TLR4 and CD11b/CD18 was found compared to normotensive volunteers. A reduced percentage of monocytes with the CD14 + TLR4 + immunophenotype was correlated with a lower MFI level of CD18 and CD11b in the entire group of patients and after division only in the mild hypertension group. Reduced surface expression of TLR4 in hypertensive patients correlated with a lower number of CECs. This relationship was not observed in the resistant hypertension group; instead, an independent effect of reduced CD11b/CD18 expression on the reduction of CEC number was demonstrated. CONCLUSION Our preliminary study showed for the first time that hypertension of varying severity is accompanied by phenotypic changes in monocytes, manifested by reduced surface expression of both TLR4 and CD11b/CD18. These phenotypic changes were associated with a reduced degree of endothelial injury. Our study opens a new, unexplored area of research on the protective features of peripheral monocytes in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Budzyń
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
| | | | | | - Elżbieta Kaja
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
| | | | | | - Joanna Grupińska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Maria Iskra
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
| | | | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences
- Gene Therapy Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
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18
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Ghoshal A, Verma A, Bhaskar A, Dwivedi VP. The uncharted territory of host-pathogen interaction in tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339467. [PMID: 38312835 PMCID: PMC10834760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) effectively manipulates the host processes to establish the deadly respiratory disease, Tuberculosis (TB). M.tb has developed key mechanisms to disrupt the host cell health to combat immune responses and replicate efficaciously. M.tb antigens such as ESAT-6, 19kDa lipoprotein, Hip1, and Hsp70 destroy the integrity of cell organelles (Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Phagosomes) or delay innate/adaptive cell responses. This is followed by the induction of cellular stress responses in the host. Such cells can either undergo various cell death processes such as apoptosis or necrosis, or mount effective immune responses to clear the invading pathogen. Further, to combat the infection progression, the host secretes extracellular vesicles such as exosomes to initiate immune signaling. The exosomes can contain M.tb as well as host cell-derived peptides that can act as a double-edged sword in the immune signaling event. The host-symbiont microbiota produces various metabolites that are beneficial for maintaining healthy tissue microenvironment. In juxtaposition to the above-mentioned mechanisms, M.tb dysregulates the gut and respiratory microbiome to support its replication and dissemination process. The above-mentioned interconnected host cellular processes of Immunometabolism, Cellular stress, Host Microbiome, and Extracellular vesicles are less explored in the realm of exploration of novel Host-directed therapies for TB. Therefore, this review highlights the intertwined host cellular processes to control M.tb survival and showcases the important factors that can be targeted for designing efficacious therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ved Prakash Dwivedi
- Immunobiology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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19
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Wells M, Mikesh M, Gordon V. Structure-preserving fixation allows scanning electron microscopy to reveal biofilm microstructure and interactions with immune cells. J Microsc 2024; 293:59-68. [PMID: 38098170 PMCID: PMC10764082 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen that forms robust biofilms which are commonly associated with chronic infections and cannot be successfully cleared by the immune system. Neutrophils, the most common white blood cells, target infections with pathogen-killing mechanisms that are rendered largely ineffective by the protective physicochemical structure of a biofilm. Visualisation of the complex interactions between immune cells and biofilms will advance understanding of how biofilms evade the immune system and could aid in developing treatment methods that promote immune clearance with minimal harm to the host. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) distinguishes itself as a powerful, high-resolution tool for obtaining strikingly clear and detailed topographical images. However, taking full advantage of SEM's potential for high-resolution imaging requires that the fixation process simultaneously preserve both intricate biofilm architecture and the morphologies and structural signatures characterising neutrophils responses at an infection site. Standard aldehyde-based fixation techniques result in significant loss of biofilm matrix material and morphologies of responding immune cells, thereby obscuring the details of immune interactions with the biofilm matrix. Here we show an improved fixation technique using the cationic dye alcian blue to preserve and visualise neutrophil interactions with the three-dimensional architecture of P. aeruginosa biofilms. We also demonstrate that this technique better preserves structures of biofilms grown from two other bacterial species, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Burkholderia thailandensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Wells
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle Mikesh
- Center for Biomedical Research Support, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Vernita Gordon
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- LaMontagne Center for Infectious Disease, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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20
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Maldarelli ME, Noto MJ. The emerging role for neutrophil mitochondrial metabolism in lung inflammation. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM, SURREY) 2024; 6:e00036. [PMID: 38283697 PMCID: PMC10810349 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances shed light on the importance of mitochondrial metabolism in supporting essential neutrophil functions such as trafficking, NETosis, bacterial killing, and modulating inflammatory responses. Mitochondrial metabolism is now recognized to contribute to a number of lung diseases marked by neutrophilic inflammation, including bacterial pneumonia, acute lung injury, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this mini review, we provide an overview of neutrophil metabolism focusing on the role of mitochondrial programs, discuss select neutrophil effector functions that are directly influenced by mitochondrial metabolism, and present what is known about the role for mitochondrial metabolism in lung diseases marked by neutrophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Maldarelli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael J. Noto
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Yao M, Henriksson J, Fahlander H, Guisti Coitinho P, Lundgren T, Ågren N, Ericzon BG, Kumagai-Braesch M. Evaluation of Methods to Obtain Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells From Deceased Donors for Tolerance-Induction Protocols. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241256462. [PMID: 38808671 PMCID: PMC11143843 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241256462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory cell therapies have shown promise in tolerance-induction protocols in living donor organ transplantation. These protocols should be pursued in deceased donor transplantation. Donor peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are an optimal source of donor antigens for the induction of donor-specific regulatory cells. During the development of a regulatory cell tolerance-induction protocol with organs from deceased donors, we compared 3 methods of obtaining PBMCs from deceased donors focusing on cell yield, viability, and contamination of unwanted cell types. PBMC procurement methods: 1. During organ procurement at the time of cold perfusion, blood was collected from the vena cava and placed into a 10-liter blood collection bag, and thereafter transported to Karolinska University Hospital, where leukapheresis was performed (BCL). 2. Blood was collected via the vena cava into blood donation bags before cold perfusion. The bags underwent buffy coat separation and thereafter automated leukocyte isolation system (BCS). 3. To collect PBMCs, leukapheresis was performed via a central dialysis catheter on deceased donors in the intensive care unit (ICU) prior to the organ procurement procedure (LEU).All 3 methods to obtain PBMC from deceased donors were safe and did not affect the procurement of organs. BCL contained around 50% of NK cells in lymphocytes population. LEU had a highest yield of donor PBMC among 3 groups. LEU had the lower amount of granulocyte contamination, compared to BCS and BCL. Based on these results, we choose LEU as the preferred method to obtain donor PBMC in the development of our tolerance-induction protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yao
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jarmo Henriksson
- Centre for Apheresis and Stem Cell Laboratory, KITM, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fahlander
- Centre for Apheresis and Stem Cell Laboratory, KITM, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pablo Guisti Coitinho
- Centre for Apheresis and Stem Cell Laboratory, KITM, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Lundgren
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nils Ågren
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo-Göran Ericzon
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Makiko Kumagai-Braesch
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Fan L, Hu Y, Gao L, Yu A, Zhang D, Wu Y, Yu F, Li L, Li B, Zhao H, Ma P. Association between increased CD177 + neutrophils and chronic activation in people living with HIV. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2996-2998. [PMID: 38013464 PMCID: PMC10752480 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Liying Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Aiping Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Defa Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Hongxin Zhao
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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23
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Liu Y, Xiang C, Que Z, Li C, Wang W, Yin L, Chu C, Zhou Y. Neutrophil heterogeneity and aging: implications for COVID-19 and wound healing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1201651. [PMID: 38090596 PMCID: PMC10715311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1201651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a critical role in the immune response to infection and tissue injury. However, recent studies have shown that neutrophils are a heterogeneous population with distinct subtypes that differ in their functional properties. Moreover, aging can alter neutrophil function and exacerbate immune dysregulation. In this review, we discuss the concept of neutrophil heterogeneity and how it may be affected by aging. We then examine the implications of neutrophil heterogeneity and aging for COVID-19 pathogenesis and wound healing. Specifically, we summarize the evidence for neutrophil involvement in COVID-19 and the potential mechanisms underlying neutrophil recruitment and activation in this disease. We also review the literature on the role of neutrophils in the wound healing process and how aging and neutrophil heterogeneity may impact wound healing outcomes. Finally, we discuss the potential for neutrophil-targeted therapies to improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19 and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyu Chu
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Wu C, Xu J, Zhang Z, Wei D, Xu Y, Zhao Y. The Effects of IL-23/IL-18-Polarized Neutrophils on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Allogeneic-Skin-Graft Rejection in Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3148. [PMID: 38137369 PMCID: PMC10740676 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils display heterogeneity and plasticity with different subgroups and immune-regulatory functions under various surrounding conditions. Neutrophils induced by IL-23/IL-18 (referred to N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils) have a unique gene-expression profile, with highly expressing IL-17, MHC-II, and costimulatory molecules. The adoptive transfer of N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils significantly increased the pathogenesis in a renal ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model. N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils directly and efficiently induced allogeneic T cell proliferation in vitro. N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils enhanced the syngeneic T cell response to allogeneic antigens in mixed-lymphocyte reaction assays. The adoptive transfer of the donor or host N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils significantly enhanced the antidonor antibody production in an allogeneic-skin-transplanted mouse model, accompanied by increased Tfh cells in the spleens. Therefore, the neutrophil subset induced by IL-23/IL-18 promotes tissue injury and antidonor humoral response in the allogeneic transplantation mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China; (C.W.); (J.X.); (Y.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jinglin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China; (C.W.); (J.X.); (Y.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Yanan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China; (C.W.); (J.X.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China; (C.W.); (J.X.); (Y.X.)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Z.Z.); (D.W.)
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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25
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Zhou E, Wu J, Zhou X, Yin Y. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among U.S. adults with rheumatoid arthritis: results from NHANES 1999-2020. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1309835. [PMID: 38045692 PMCID: PMC10690944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1309835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is recognized as a biomarker for systemic inflammation and immune activation. However, its connection with the mortality risk in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between NLR and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk in U.S. adults with RA. Methods Data were gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles spanning 1999 to March 2020. We included adults aged ≥20 years. The NLR was computed by dividing the neutrophil count by the lymphocyte count from complete blood counts. The maximally selected rank statistics method helped identify the optimal NLR cutoff value associated with significant survival outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to investigate the relationship between the NLR and the all-cause and cardiovascular mortality of RA. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were utilized to detect whether there were linear or non-linear relationships between NLR and mortality. Results In this study, 2002 adults with RA were included, with 339 having a higher NLR (≥3.28) and 1663 having a lower NLR (<3.28). During a median follow-up of 84 months, 79 RA individuals died. Participants with higher NLR had a 2-fold increased risk of all-cause (HR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.53-2.66) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.34-4.57) versus lower NLR, after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the survival rate for the higher NLR group was significantly lower than the lower NLR group, in terms of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (both P<0.0001). The RCS curve demonstrated a positive linear association between the NLR and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion A higher NLR was independently predictive of elevated long-term mortality risk in U.S. adults with RA. The NLR may serve as an inexpensive, widely available prognostic marker in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yufeng Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Salken I, Provencio JJ, Coulibaly AP. A potential therapeutic target: The role of neutrophils in the central nervous system. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 33:100688. [PMID: 37767236 PMCID: PMC10520304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a critical role in immune defense as the first recruited and most abundant leukocytes in the innate immune system. As such, regulation of neutrophil effector functions have strong implications on immunity. These cells display a wide heterogeneity of function, including both inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles. Neutrophils commonly infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS) in response to varied pathological conditions. There is still little understanding of the role these cells play in the CNS in such conditions. In the present review, we will summarize what is known of neutrophil's role in cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a focus on highlighting the gaps in our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Salken
- College of Arts and Science, University of Virginia, USA
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27
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Tebben K, Yirampo S, Coulibaly D, Koné A, Laurens M, Stucke E, Dembélé A, Tolo Y, Traoré K, Niangaly A, Berry A, Kouriba B, Plowe C, Doumbo O, Lyke K, Takala-Harrison S, Thera M, Travassos M, Serre D. Gene expression analyses reveal differences in children's response to malaria according to their age. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3487114. [PMID: 37961587 PMCID: PMC10635353 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3487114/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In Bandiagara, Mali, children experience on average two clinical malaria episodes per season. However, even in the same transmission area, the number of uncomplicated symptomatic infections, and their parasitemia, vary dramatically among children. To examine the factors contributing to these variations, we simultaneously characterized the host and parasite gene expression profiles from 136 children with symptomatic falciparum malaria and analyzed the expression of 9,205 human and 2,484 Plasmodium genes. We used gene expression deconvolution to estimate the relative proportion of immune cells and parasite stages in each sample and to adjust the differential gene expression analyses. Parasitemia explained much of the variation in both host and parasite gene expression and revealed that infections with higher parasitemia had more neutrophils and fewer T cells, suggesting parasitemia-dependent neutrophil recruitment and/or T cell extravasation to secondary lymphoid organs. The child's age was also strongly correlated with gene expression variations. Plasmodium falciparum genes associated with age suggested that older children carried more male gametocytes, while host genes associated with age indicated a stronger innate response (through TLR and NLR signaling) in younger children and stronger adaptive immunity (through TCR and BCR signaling) in older children. These analyses highlight the variability in host responses and parasite regulation during P. falciparum symptomatic infections and emphasize the importance of considering the children's age when studying and treating malaria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salif Yirampo
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | - Drissa Coulibaly
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | - Abdoulaye Koné
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | | | | | - Ahmadou Dembélé
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | - Youssouf Tolo
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | - Karim Traoré
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | - Ahmadou Niangaly
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | | | - Bourema Kouriba
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | | | - Ogobara Doumbo
- Universite des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
| | | | | | - Mahamadou Thera
- Malaria Research and Training Centre-International Center for Excellence in Research (MRTC-ICER)
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28
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Tebben K, Yirampo S, Coulibaly D, Koné AK, Laurens MB, Stucke EM, Dembélé A, Tolo Y, Traoré K, Niangaly A, Berry AA, Kouriba B, Plowe CV, Doumbo OK, Lyke KE, Takala-Harrison S, Thera MA, Travassos MA, Serre D. Gene expression analyses reveal differences in children's response to malaria according to their age. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563751. [PMID: 37961701 PMCID: PMC10634788 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In Bandiagara, Mali, children experience on average two clinical malaria episodes per season. However, even in the same transmission area, the number of uncomplicated symptomatic infections, and their parasitemia, vary dramatically among children. To examine the factors contributing to these variations, we simultaneously characterized the host and parasite gene expression profiles from 136 children with symptomatic falciparum malaria and analyzed the expression of 9,205 human and 2,484 Plasmodium genes. We used gene expression deconvolution to estimate the relative proportion of immune cells and parasite stages in each sample and to adjust the differential gene expression analyses. Parasitemia explained much of the variation in both host and parasite gene expression and revealed that infections with higher parasitemia had more neutrophils and fewer T cells, suggesting parasitemia-dependent neutrophil recruitment and/or T cell extravasation to secondary lymphoid organs. The child's age was also strongly correlated with gene expression variations. Plasmodium falciparum genes associated with age suggested that older children carried more male gametocytes, while host genes associated with age indicated a stronger innate response (through TLR and NLR signaling) in younger children and stronger adaptive immunity (through TCR and BCR signaling) in older children. These analyses highlight the variability in host responses and parasite regulation during P. falciparum symptomatic infections and emphasize the importance of considering the children's age when studying and treating malaria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Tebben
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Salif Yirampo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Drissa Coulibaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye K. Koné
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Matthew B. Laurens
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Emily M. Stucke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Ahmadou Dembélé
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Youssouf Tolo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Karim Traoré
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Niangaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Andrea A. Berry
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Bourema Kouriba
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Christopher V. Plowe
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Ogobara K Doumbo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Kirsten E. Lyke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Shannon Takala-Harrison
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Mahamadou A. Thera
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Mark A. Travassos
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - David Serre
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
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Bleecker ER, Panettieri RA, Lugogo NL, Corren J, Daizadeh N, Jacob-Nara JA, Deniz Y, Rowe PJ, Khodzhayev A, Soler X, Ferro TJ, Hansen CN. Dupilumab Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Asthma with and without Elevated Blood Neutrophils. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:9943584. [PMID: 37901346 PMCID: PMC10602700 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9943584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Elevated neutrophil counts in blood, sputum, or lung have been associated with poor clinical outcomes and more severe disease in patients with type 2 asthma. In the phase 3 LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST (NCT02414854), add-on dupilumab 200 and 300 mg every 2 weeks compared with matched placebo significantly reduced severe asthma exacerbations and improved forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma. This post hoc analysis explored the efficacy of dupilumab in patients with type 2 asthma enrolled in QUEST with or without elevated blood neutrophil counts. Methods Annualized severe exacerbation rates during the 52-week treatment period and least-squares mean change from baseline in FEV1 over time were evaluated for patients with elevated type 2 biomarkers at baseline (blood eosinophils ≥ 150 cells/µL or fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) ≥ 20 ppb; and eosinophils ≥ 300 cells/µL or FeNO ≥ 50 ppb) and low (<4,000 cells/µL) or high (≥4,000 cells/µL) neutrophil counts. Results Dupilumab significantly reduced annualized severe exacerbation rates compared with placebo during the 52-week treatment period in patients with elevated type 2 biomarkers, irrespective of baseline neutrophil count (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). Significant improvements in FEV1 versus placebo were observed as early as Week 2 and over the 52-week treatment period, irrespective of baseline neutrophil count (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Safety findings were similar across all subgroups, regardless of neutrophil counts at baseline. Conclusions Dupilumab treatment significantly reduced annualized severe exacerbation rates and improved lung function in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe, type 2 asthma, irrespective of baseline blood neutrophil count. This trial is registered with NCT02414854.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene R. Bleecker
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Division of Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, 1230 North Cherry Street, Suite 251, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Reynold A. Panettieri
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Corren
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yamo Deniz
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Xavier Soler
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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Shubina VS, Kozina VI, Shatalin YV. A Comparative Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Some Flavonoids and a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid on the Oxidative Burst of Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15068. [PMID: 37894747 PMCID: PMC10606308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the storage, processing, and digestion of flavonoid-rich foods and beverages, a condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds occurs. The effect of the resulting products on cells remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of quercetin, taxifolin, catechin, eriodictyol, hesperetin, naringenin, and a condensation product of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid on the oxidative burst of neutrophils. It was found that the flavonoids and the condensation product inhibited the total production of ROS. Flavonoids decreased both the intra and extracellular ROS production. The condensation product had no effect on intracellular ROS production but effectively inhibited the extracellular production of ROS. Thus, the condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds may lead to the formation of compounds exhibiting potent inhibitory effects on the oxidative burst of neutrophils. The data also suggest that, during these reactions, the influence of a fraction of flavonoids and their polyphenolic derivatives on cellular functions may change. On the whole, the results of the study provide a better understanding of the effects of polyphenols on human health. In addition, these results reveal the structure-activity relationship of these polyphenols and may be useful in a search for new therapeutic agents against diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S. Shubina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | | | - Yuri V. Shatalin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
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31
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Yang N, Yang K, Pan S, He Q, Jin J. Progress in the application of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in dialysis-related complications. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2259996. [PMID: 37791567 PMCID: PMC10552595 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2259996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a novel predictive biomarker that reflects systemic inflammatory status and is routinely measured in blood tests. Owing to its ease of use and affordability, it is being increasing used as a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular disease, tumors, autoimmune disorders, and kidney disease. In recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated the clinical utility of the NLR in identifying and predicting complications associated with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, including cardiovascular disease and infection. This review aimed to provide a new perspective on the application of the NLR as a valuable tool enabling clinicians to better assess the occurrence and prognosis of complications in patients undergoing dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaibi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujun Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Liu X, Li J, Sun L, Wang T, Liang W. The association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2237-2244. [PMID: 37418101 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory response is responsible for the promotion of pannus development over the joint, which is the primary factor in joint injury in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). More in-depth investigations have been conducted in recent years leading to a greater understanding of RA. Yet, it's difficult to gauge inflammation levels in RA patients. Some people who have RA do not exhibit normal symptoms, which makes it more challenging to make a diagnosis. Typical RA evaluations are subject to a few restrictions. Earlier research demonstrated that some patients continued to experience the progression of bone and joint degeneration even while in clinical remission. This progression was attributed to ongoing synovial inflammation. As a result, performing a precise evaluation of the level of inflammation is of the utmost importance. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has consistently been one of the most interesting novel non-specific inflammatory indicators. It is a reflection of the equilibrium between lymphocytes and neutrophils, which are inflammatory regulators and inflammatory activators, respectively. A higher NLR is linked to more severe levels of imbalance and inflammation. The aim of this study was to depict the role of NLR in RA progression and to show if NLR could predict the response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) therapy in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsu Liu
- General Practice Medicine, Yanqing District Hospital, Yanqing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 102100, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- General Practice Medicine, Yanqing District Hospital, Yanqing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 102100, China
| | - Leilei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Yanqing District Hospital, Yanqing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 102100, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050030, China
| | - Wenxia Liang
- General Practice Medicine, Yanqing District Hospital, Yanqing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 102100, China.
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Fagundes A, Ruff CT, Morrow DA, Murphy SA, Palazzolo MG, Chen CZ, Jarolim P, Antman EM, Braunwald E, Giugliano RP. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and clinical outcomes in 19,697 patients with atrial fibrillation: Analyses from ENGAGE AF- TIMI 48 trial. Int J Cardiol 2023; 386:118-124. [PMID: 37211048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is the ratio between neutrophil and lymphocyte counts measured in peripheral blood. NLR is easily calculable based on a routine blood test available worldwide and may reflect systemic inflammation. However, the relationship between NLR and clinical outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is not well-described. METHODS We calculated NLR at baseline in ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48, a randomized trial comparing edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with AF followed for 2.8 years (median). The association of baseline NLR with major bleeding events, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), cardiovascular death, stroke/systemic embolism, and all-cause mortality were calculated. RESULTS The median baseline NLR in 19,697 patients was 2.53 (interquartile range 1.89-3.41). NLR was associated with major bleeding events (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.41-1.80), stroke/systemic embolism (HR 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.44), MI (HR 1.73; 95% CI 1.41-2.12), MACE (HR 1.70; 95% CI 1.56-1.84), CV (HR 1.93; 95% CI 1.74-2.13) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.00; 95% CI 1.83-2.18). The relationships between NLR and outcomes remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Edoxaban consistently reduced major bleeding. MACE, and CV death across NLR groups vs. warfarin. CONCLUSIONS NLR represents a widely available, simple, arithmetic calculation that could be immediately and automatically reported during a white blood cell differential measurement to identify patients with AF at increased risk of bleeding, CV events, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fagundes
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, DFStar Hospital, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Christian T Ruff
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Morrow
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabina A Murphy
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael G Palazzolo
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cathy Z Chen
- Daiichi Sankyo Inc., Global Specialty Medical Affairs, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - Petr Jarolim
- Biomarker Research and Clinical Trials Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elliott M Antman
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eugene Braunwald
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert P Giugliano
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Song Y, You Q, Chen X. Transition Metal-Based Therapies for Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212102. [PMID: 36863722 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease (ID) is a general term that covers all diseases in which chronic inflammation performs as the major manifestation of pathogenesis. Traditional therapies based on the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs are palliative with the short-term remission. The emergence of nanodrugs has been reported to solve the potential causes and prevent recurrences, thus holding great potential for the treatment of IDs. Among various nanomaterial systems, transition metal-based smart nanosystems (TMSNs) with unique electronic structures possess therapeutic advantages owing to their large surface area to volume ratio, high photothermal conversion efficiency, X-ray absorption capacity, and multiple catalytic enzyme activities. In this review, the rationale, design principle, and therapeutic mechanisms of TMSNs for treatments of various IDs are summarized. Specifically, TMSNs can not only be designed to scavenge danger signals, such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and cell-free DNA, but also can be engineered to block the mechanism of initiating inflammatory responses. In addition, TMSNs can be further applied as nanocarriers to deliver anti-inflammatory drugs. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of TMSNs are discussed, and the future directions of TMSN-based ID treatment for clinical applications are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Qing You
- Departments of Diagnostic, Radiology Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program NUS center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic, Radiology Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program NUS center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
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Sikora JP, Karawani J, Sobczak J. Neutrophils and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13469. [PMID: 37686271 PMCID: PMC10488036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We are not entirely able to understand, assess, and modulate the functioning of the immune system in clinical situations that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. In the search for diagnostic and treatment strategies (which are still far from perfect), it became very important to study the pathogenesis and participation of endogenous inflammation mediators. This study attempts to more precisely establish the role of neutrophils in individual phenomena occurring during an inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reaction, taking into account their cidal, immunoregulatory, and reparative abilities. Pro- and anticoagulatory properties of endothelium in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are emphasised, along with the resulting clinical implications (the application of immunotherapy using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) or IL-6 antagonists in sepsis and COVID-19 treatment, among others). Special attention is paid to reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by neutrophils activated during "respiratory burst" in the course of SIRS; the protective and pathogenic role of these endogenous mediators is highlighted. Moreover, clinically useful biomarkers of SIRS (neutrophil extracellular traps, cell-free DNA, DAMP, TREMs, NGAL, miRNA, selected cytokines, ROS, and recognised markers of endothelial damage from the group of adhesins by means of immunohistochemical techniques) related to the neutrophils are presented, and their role in the diagnosing and forecasting of sepsis, burn disease, and COVID-19 is emphasised. Finally, examples of immunomodulation of sepsis and antioxidative thermal injury therapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz P. Sikora
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, 2nd Chair of Paediatrics, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Jakub Karawani
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, ul. Świeradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Sobczak
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, 2nd Chair of Paediatrics, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Łódź, Poland;
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Lindleya 6, 90-131 Łódź, Poland
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Al Qutami F, Al Halabi W, Hachim MY. Identification of Breast Cancer LCK Proto-Oncogene as a Master Regulator of TNBC Neutrophil Enrichment and Polarization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13269. [PMID: 37686072 PMCID: PMC10487917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of neutrophils in breast cancer shows that the N1 proinflammatory subtype can suppress and attack the tumor. In contrast, the N2 pro-tumor subtype aids the tumor in its survival, progression, and metastasis. Recently, more focus has been directed to the role of innate myeloid cells, specifically neutrophils, in regulating the responses of lymphoid populations both in the progression of cancer and in response to therapy. However, the exact crosstalk between breast cancer cells and neutrophils is poorly understood. In this work, we used in-silico assays to investigate the role of the bidirectional effect of neutrophils on metastatic TNBC. Our reanalysis of publicly available data reveals that most TNBC's classified within the CE2 subtype are leukocyte-poor and have four major cell types in their ecotypes: dendritic cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells. Further immune deconvolution of these patients revealed that a few cells significantly differed between groups, including macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. All BC showed lower infiltrating neutrophils compared to healthy surrounding tissue. Treated TNBCs improved the count of infiltrating neutrophils in TNBC. Most TNBC patients have a unique CE2 ecotype, characterized by more basal-like epithelial cells, more neutrophils, and fewer mononuclear lymphocytes (B cells, macrophages M1, T cell CD4+ (non-regulatory), and T cell CD8+ and T regs). This can be related to our finding that CE2 TNBCs are characterized by a lower LCK and higher ERBB2, and their top DEGs are related to leukocyte activation and NFKB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahmood Y. Hachim
- Department of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates; (F.A.Q.)
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Liu HL, Weng SW, Chou CC, You HL, Wang MC, Ma MC, Huang WT. Correlation of low numbers of intratumoral FOXP3+ cells with worse progression-free survival in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma. J Clin Pathol 2023:jcp-2023-208932. [PMID: 37620127 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-208932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) is a T cell lymphoma with aberrant immune activity. It is characterised by inflammatory and immune reactions. However, the impact of regulatory T (Treg) cells on AITL remains unclear. METHODS We retrospectively collected 46 AITL cases and performed immunohistochemical analysis of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) expression. The number of immunostained FOXP3 cells was determined using a digital pathology system with whole-slide imaging. The average number of FOXP3+ cells per high-power field (HPF) was determined by randomly counting 20 HPFs. AITL cases were categorised into high-expression and low-expression groups based on the median count of FOXP3+ cells in all analysed samples. The relationship between FOXP3 expression and clinicopathological features was assessed. RESULTS Among the studied patients, 14 (30.4%) were females and 32 (69.6%) were males, and the median age at diagnosis was 64.1 years. The median expression of FOXP3 was 84.9 positive cells/HPF. FOXP3 expression negatively correlated with Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA positivity in tumour (p=0.041). The patients with low FOXP3 expression presented with aggressive clinical behaviour, including advance-staged diseases (p=0.043), splenomegaly (p=0.008), B symptoms (p=0.019) and extranodal involvement (p=0.019). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was higher in the patients with low FOXP3 expression, compared with those with high FOXP3 expression. Low FOXP3 expression had an adverse effect on progression-free survival (PFS, p=0.033), and increased the risk of recurrence 2.320-fold (HR 2.320 (95% CI 1.109 to 4.856); p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS Patients with AITL with low FOXP3 expression tend to have aggressive clinical presentation and shortened PFS. These findings may help with risk stratification and determination of new treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Lin Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wen Weng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Chou
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Division, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Glisic T, Popovic DD, Lolic I, Toplicanin A, Jankovic K, Dragasevic S, Aleksic M, Stjepanovic M, Oluic B, Matovic Zaric V, Radisavljevic MM, Stojkovic Lalosevic M. Hematological Indices Are Useful in Predicting Complications of Liver Cirrhosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4820. [PMID: 37510935 PMCID: PMC10381513 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is the final stage of chronic liver disease. We aimed to evaluate non-invasive scores as predictors of complications and outcome in cirrhotic patients. METHODS A total of 150 cirrhotic patients were included. Models for end-stage liver disease (MELD), albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MoLR), and neutrophil-lymphocyte-albumin ratio (NLA) scores were tested in relation to the development of complications and mortality using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS The ROC curve analysis showed (area under the curve) AUC values of NLR, NLA, ALBI, and MELD of 0.711, 0.730, 0.627, and 0.684, respectively, for short-term mortality. MELD, ALBI, and NLA scores showed a statistically significant correlation with hepatic encephalopathy (p = 0.000 vs. 0.014 vs. 0.040, respectively), and the MELD cut-off value of 16 had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 52% (AUC: 0.671, 95% CI (0.577-0.765)). For the assessment of the presence of ascites, the AUC values for NLA and MoLR were 0.583 and 0.658, respectively, with cut-offs of 11.38 and 0.44. CONCLUSIONS MELD, ALBI, and NLA are reliable predictors of hepatic encephalopathy. NLA and MoLR showed a significant correlation with the presence of ascites, and MELD, ALBI, NLR, and NLA have prognostic value to predict 30-day mortality in cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Glisic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dusan D Popovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical and Hospital Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iva Lolic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Toplicanin
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Jankovic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Dragasevic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Aleksic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Branislav Oluic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vera Matovic Zaric
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Milica Stojkovic Lalosevic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Mankan AK, Czajka-Francuz P, Prendes M, Ramanan S, Koziej M, Vidal L, Saini KS. Intracellular DNA sensing by neutrophils and amplification of the innate immune response. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1208137. [PMID: 37483598 PMCID: PMC10361817 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1208137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As the first responders, neutrophils lead the innate immune response to infectious pathogens and inflammation inducing agents. The well-established pathogen neutralizing strategies employed by neutrophils are phagocytosis, the action of microbicide granules, the production of ROS, and the secretion of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Only recently, the ability of neutrophils to sense and respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns is being appreciated. This review brings together the current information about the intracellular recognition of DNA by neutrophils and proposes models of signal amplification in immune response. Finally, the clinical relevance of DNA sensing by neutrophils in infectious and non-infectious diseases including malignancy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Prendes
- Labcorp Drug Development Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Sriram Ramanan
- Labcorp Drug Development Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States
| | | | | | - Kamal S. Saini
- Fortrea, Inc., Durham, NC, United States
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Arora A, Singh A. Exploring the role of neutrophils in infectious and noninfectious pulmonary disorders. Int Rev Immunol 2023; 43:41-61. [PMID: 37353973 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2023.2222769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
With the change in global environment, respiratory disorders are becoming more threatening to the health of people all over the world. These diseases are closely linked to performance of immune system. Within the innate arm of immune system, Neutrophils are an important moiety to serve as an immune defense barrier. They are one of the first cells recruited to the site of infection and plays a critical role in pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases. It is established that the migration and activation of neutrophils can lead to inflammation either directly or indirectly and this inflammation caused is very crucial for the clearance of pathogens and resolution of infection. However, the immunopathological mechanisms involved to carry out the same is very complex and not well understood. Despite there being studies concentrating on the role of neutrophils in multiple respiratory diseases, there is still a long way to go in order to completely understand the complexity of the participation of neutrophils and mechanisms involved in the development of these respiratory diseases. In the present article, we have reviewed the literature to comprehensively provide an insight in the current development and advancements about the role of neutrophils in infectious respiratory disorders including viral respiratory disorders such as Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and bacterial pulmonary disorders with a focused review on pulmonary tuberculosis as well as in noninfectious disorders like Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Also, future directions into research and therapeutic targets have been discussed for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Karkra R, Krishnarao CS, Siddaiah JB, Anand MP. Hematological Parameters for Predicting Mortality in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4227. [PMID: 37445262 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: COPD is a common and serious condition affecting a significant proportion of the population globally. Patients often suffer from exacerbations which lead to the worsening of their health status and respiratory function, and can often lead to death. Quick and cheap investigations are required that are capable of predicting mortality in patients with acute exacerbations that can be applied in low resource settings. (2) Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study carried out using hospital records of patients admitted for AECOPD from 1 January 2017 to 30 November 2022. Chi-square test (for sex) and Student's t-test were used to look for significant associations. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were plotted and Area Under Curve (AUC) values were calculated for various hematological parameters. Youden's J was used to identify the ideal cut-off with optimal sensitivity and specificity. Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify independent hematological predictors of mortality. Kaplan-Meir survival plots for neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the optimal cut-off were plotted. (3) Results: Amongst the 500 patients, 42 died while 458 survived, giving a mortality rate of 8.4%. NLR had the strongest association with mortality. The cut-off for various parameters were: NLR 14.83 (AUC 0.73), total leukocyte count (TLC) 13,640 cells/mm3 (AUC 0.60), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) 12,556 cells/mm3 (AUC 0.62), derived NLR (dNLR) 9.989 (AUC 0.73), hemoglobin 11.8 mg/dL (AUC 0.59), packed cell volume (PCV) 36.6% (AUC 0.60), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) 451.32 (AUC 0.55). (4) Conclusions: In patients with acute exacerbation of COPD, NLR was strongly associated with mortality, followed by dNLR. Cox regression identified NLR as an independent predictor of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Karkra
- JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSSAHER, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
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Sung C, An J, Lee S, Park J, Lee KS, Kim IH, Han JY, Park YH, Kim JH, Kang EJ, Hong MH, Kim TY, Lee JC, Lee JL, Yoon S, Choi CM, Lee DH, Yoo C, Kim SW, Jeong JH, Seo S, Kim SY, Kong SY, Choi JK, Park SR. Integrative analysis of risk factors for immune-related adverse events of checkpoint blockade therapy in cancer. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:844-859. [PMID: 37308678 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by checkpoint inhibitors involve a multitude of different risk factors. Here, to interrogate the multifaceted underlying mechanisms, we compiled germline exomes and blood transcriptomes with clinical data, before and after checkpoint inhibitor treatment, from 672 patients with cancer. Overall, irAE samples showed a substantially lower contribution of neutrophils in terms of baseline and on-therapy cell counts and gene expression markers related to neutrophil function. Allelic variation of HLA-B correlated with overall irAE risk. Analysis of germline coding variants identified a nonsense mutation in an immunoglobulin superfamily protein, TMEM162. In our cohort and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, TMEM162 alteration was associated with higher peripheral and tumor-infiltrating B cell counts and suppression of regulatory T cells in response to therapy. We developed machine learning models for irAE prediction, validated using additional data from 169 patients. Our results provide valuable insights into risk factors of irAE and their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Sung
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeon An
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyeon Lee
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesoon Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Seon Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Oncology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Cancer Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Han
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Kang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Lyun Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhoon Yoo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Seo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kong
- Targeted Therapy Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Kyoon Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Penta Medix Co., Ltd., Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sook Ryun Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yuile A, Wei JQ, Mohan AA, Hotchkiss KM, Khasraw M. Interdependencies of the Neuronal, Immune and Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2856. [PMID: 37345193 PMCID: PMC10216320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancy and are universally fatal. Despite significant breakthrough in understanding tumor biology, treatment breakthroughs have been limited. There is a growing appreciation that major limitations on effective treatment are related to the unique and highly complex glioma tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME consists of multiple different cell types, broadly categorized into tumoral, immune and non-tumoral, non-immune cells. Each group provides significant influence on the others, generating a pro-tumor dynamic with significant immunosuppression. In addition, glioma cells are highly heterogenous with various molecular distinctions on the cellular level. These variations, in turn, lead to their own unique influence on the TME. To develop future treatments, an understanding of this complex TME interplay is needed. To this end, we describe the TME in adult gliomas through interactions between its various components and through various glioma molecular phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yuile
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- The Brain Cancer Group, North Shore Private Hospital, 3 Westbourne Street, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joe Q. Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Aditya A. Mohan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kelly M. Hotchkiss
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mustafa Khasraw
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Pani G. Fusobacterium & Co. at the Stem of Cancer: Microbe-Cancer Stem Cell Interactions in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092583. [PMID: 37174049 PMCID: PMC10177588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells lie at the crossroads of tissue repair, inflammation, and malignancy. Intestinal microbiota and microbe-host interactions are pivotal to maintaining gut homeostasis and response to injury, and participate in colorectal carcinogenesis. Yet, limited knowledge is available on whether and how bacteria directly crosstalk with intestinal stem cells (ISC), particularly cancerous stem-like cells (CR-CSC), as engines for colorectal cancer initiation, maintenance, and metastatic dissemination. Among several bacterial species alleged to initiate or promote colorectal cancer (CRC), the pathobiont Fusobacterium Nucleatum has recently drawn significant attention for its epidemiologic association and mechanistic linkage with the disease. We will therefore focus on current evidence for an F. nucleatum-CRCSC axis in tumor development, highlighting the commonalities and differences between F. nucleatum-associated colorectal carcinogenesis and gastric cancer driven by Helicobacter Pylori. We will explore the diverse facets of the bacteria-CSC interaction, analyzing the signals and pathways whereby bacteria either confer "stemness" properties to tumor cells or primarily target stem-like elements within the heterogeneous tumor cell populations. We will also discuss the extent to which CR-CSC cells are competent for innate immune responses and participate in establishing a tumor-promoting microenvironment. Finally, by capitalizing on the expanding knowledge of how the microbiota and ISC crosstalk in intestinal homeostasis and response to injury, we will speculate on the possibility that CRC arises as an aberrant repair response promoted by pathogenic bacteria upon direct stimulation of intestinal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovambattista Pani
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L. go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Akaishi T, Misu T, Fujihara K, Nakaya K, Nakaya N, Nakamura T, Kogure M, Hatanaka R, Itabashi F, Kanno I, Kaneko K, Takahashi T, Fujimori J, Takai Y, Nishiyama S, Ishii T, Aoki M, Nakashima I, Hozawa A. White blood cell count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6481. [PMID: 37081126 PMCID: PMC10119079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
White blood cell (WBC) count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are still unknown. This study evaluated the total WBC count, differential WBC counts, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with these diseases within three months from an attack before acute treatment or relapse prevention and compared the profiles with those in matched volunteers or in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. AQP4-NMOSD patients (n = 13) had a higher neutrophil count (p = 0.0247), monocyte count (p = 0.0359), MLR (p = 0.0004), and NLR (p = 0.0037) and lower eosinophil (p = 0.0111) and basophil (p = 0.0283) counts than those of AQP4-NMOSD-matched volunteers (n = 65). Moreover, patients with MOGAD (n = 26) had a higher overall WBC count (p = 0.0001), neutrophil count (p < 0.0001), monocyte count (p = 0.0191), MLR (p = 0.0320), and NLR (p = 0.0002) than those of MOGAD-matched volunteers (n = 130). The three demyelinating diseases showed similar levels of the total and differential WBC counts; however, MOGAD and MS showed different structures in the hierarchical clustering and distributions on a two-dimensional canonical plot using differential WBC counts from the other three groups. WBC count profiles were similar in patients with MOGAD and MS but differed from profiles in matched volunteers or patients with AQP4-NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Akaishi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Misu
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kazuo Fujihara
- Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rieko Hatanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fumi Itabashi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikumi Kanno
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Kaneko
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Yonezawa National Hospital, Yonezawa, Japan
| | - Juichi Fujimori
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Takai
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-Machi 1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakashima
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Rambault M, Gilbert FB, Roussel P, Tessier A, David V, Germon P, Winter N, Remot A. Neutrophils expressing major histocompatibility complex class II molecules circulate in blood and milk during mastitis and show high microbicidal activity. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:4245-4256. [PMID: 37080786 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is mainly caused by bacterial infection and is responsible for important economic losses as well as alterations of the health and welfare of animals. The increase in somatic cell count (SCC) in milk during mastitis is mainly due to the influx of neutrophils, which have a crucial role in the elimination of pathogens. For a long time, these first-line defenders have been viewed as microbe killers, with a limited role in the orchestration of the immune response. However, their role is more complex: we recently characterized a bovine neutrophil subset expressing major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules (MHC-IIpos), usually distributed on antigen-presenting cells, as having regulatory capacities in cattle. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the implication of different neutrophils subsets in the mammary gland immunity during clinical and subclinical mastitis. Using flow cytometry, we analyzed the presence of MHC-IIpos neutrophils in blood and in milk during clinical mastitis at different time points of inflammation (n = 10 infected quarters) and during subclinical mastitis, defined as the presence of bacteria and an SCC >150,000 cells/mL (n = 27 infected quarters). Our results show, for the first time, that in blood and milk, neutrophils are a heterogeneous population and encompass at least 2 subsets distinguishable by their expression of MHC-II. In milk without mastitis, we observed higher production of reactive oxygen species and higher phagocytosis capacity of MHC-IIpos neutrophils compared with their MHC-IIneg counterparts, indicating the high bactericidal capacities of MHC-IIpos neutrophils. MHC-IIpos neutrophils are enriched in milk compared with blood during subclinical mastitis but not during clinical mastitis. Moreover, we observed a positive and highly significant correlation between MHC-IIpos neutrophils and T lymphocytes present in milk during subclinical mastitis. Our experiments involved a total of 47 cows (40 Holstein and 7 Normande cows). To conclude, our study opens the way to the discovery of new biomarkers of mastitis inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Rambault
- INRAE, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France; Institut de l'élevage, 75012, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aude Remot
- INRAE, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
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Ding Y, Yang Y, Xue L. Immune cells and their related genes provide a new perspective on the common pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1137523. [PMID: 37063924 PMCID: PMC10101339 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1137523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe close relationship between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been supported by many aspects, including but not limited to clinical manifestations, epidemiology and pathogenesis. Some evidence suggests that immune cells actively participated in the pathogenesis of both diseases. However, information on which cells are primarily involved in this process and how these cells mobilize, migrate and interact is still limited.MethodsDatasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Common differentially expressed genes (coDEGs) were identified by package “limma”. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) were used to analyze the interactions between coDEGs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and inverse cumulative distribution function were applied to identify common differential pathways, while Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to confirm the significance. Correlation analysis between coDEGs and immune cells led to the identification of critical immune-cell-related coDEGs. The diagnostic models were established based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify the ability of the model. Validation datasets were imported to demonstrate the significant association of coDEGs with specific immune cells and the capabilities of the diagnostic model.ResultsIn total, 67 genes were up-regulated and 185 genes were down-regulated in both diseases. Four down-regulated pathways and four up-regulated pathways were considered important. Up-regulated coDEGs were firmly associated with neutrophils, while down-regulated genes were significantly associated with CD8+ T−cells and CD4+ T−cells in both AS and IBD datasets. Five up-regulated and six down-regulated key immue-cell-related coDEGs were identified. Diagnostic models based on key immue-cell-related coDEGs were established and tested. Validation datasets confirmed the significance of the correlation between coDEGs and specific immune cells.ConclusionThis study provides fresh insights into the co-pathogenesis of AS and IBD. It is proposed that neutrophils and T cells may be actively involved in this process, however, in opposite ways. The immue-cell-related coDEGs, revealed in this study, may be relevant to their regulation, although relevant research is still lacking.
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Brito C, Lourenço C, Magalhães J, Reis S, Borges M. Nanoparticles as a Delivery System of Antigens for the Development of an Effective Vaccine against Toxoplasma gondii. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040733. [PMID: 37112645 PMCID: PMC10142924 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles include particles ranging in size from nanometers to micrometers, whose physicochemical characteristics are optimized to make them appropriate delivery vehicles for drugs or immunogens important in the fight and/or prevention of infectious diseases. There has been a rise in the use of nanoparticles in preventive vaccine formulations as immunostimulatory adjuvants, and as vehicles for immunogen delivery to target immune cells. Toxoplasma is important worldwide, and may cause human toxoplasmosis. In immunocompetent hosts, infection is usually asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised patients it can cause serious neurological and ocular consequences, such as encephalitis and retinochoroiditis. Primary infection during pregnancy may cause abortion or congenital toxoplasmosis. Currently, there is no effective human vaccine against this disease. Evidence has emerged from several experimental studies testing nanovaccines showing them to be promising tools in the prevention of experimental toxoplasmosis. For the present study, a literature review was carried out on articles published over the last 10 years through the PubMed database, pertaining to in vivo experimental models of T. gondii infection where nanovaccines were tested and protection and immune responses evaluated. This review aims to highlight the way forward in the search for an effective vaccine for toxoplasmosis.
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Alkarni M, Lipman M, Lowe DM. The roles of neutrophils in non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2023; 22:14. [PMID: 36800956 PMCID: PMC9938600 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) is an increasingly recognised global health issue. Studies have suggested that neutrophils may play an important role in controlling NTM infection and contribute to protective immune responses within the early phase of infection. However, these cells are also adversely associated with disease progression and exacerbation and can contribute to pathology, for example in the development of bronchiectasis. In this review, we discuss the key findings and latest evidence regarding the diverse functions of neutrophils in NTM infection. First, we focus on studies that implicate neutrophils in the early response to NTM infection and the evidence reporting neutrophils' capability to kill NTM. Next, we present an overview of the positive and negative effects that characterise the bidirectional relationship between neutrophils and adaptive immunity. We consider the pathological role of neutrophils in driving the clinical phenotype of NTM-PD including bronchiectasis. Finally, we highlight the current promising treatments in development targeting neutrophils in airways diseases. Clearly, more insights on the roles of neutrophils in NTM-PD are needed in order to inform both preventative strategies and host-directed therapy for these important infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyad Alkarni
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Pears Building, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PP UK
| | - Marc Lipman
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - David M. Lowe
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Pears Building, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PP UK
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Zhang X, Yang Y, Chen S, Li W, Li Y, Akerley BJ, Shao L, Zhang W, Shen H, Abt MC. Antigen-specific memory Th17 cells promote cross-protection against nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae after mild influenza A virus infection. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:153-166. [PMID: 36736665 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Secondary bacterial pneumonia after influenza A virus (IAV) infection is the leading cause of hospitalization and death associated with IAV infection worldwide. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is one of the most common causes of secondary bacterial pneumonia. Current efforts to develop vaccines against NTHi infection focus on inducing antibodies but are hindered by antigenic diversity among NTHi strains. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of the memory T helper type 17 (Th17) response in protective immunity against IAV/NTHi coinfection. We observed that even a mild IAV infection impaired the NTHi-specific Th17 response and increased morbidity and mortality compared with NTHi monoinfected mice. However, pre-existing memory NTHi-specific Th17 cells induced by a previous NTHi infection overcame IAV-driven Th17 inhibition and were cross-protective against different NTHi strains. Last, mice immunized with a NTHi protein that induced a strong Th17 memory response were broadly protected against diverse NTHi strains after challenge with coinfection. These results indicate that vaccination that limits IAV infection to mild disease may be insufficient to eliminate the risk of a lethal secondary bacterial pneumonia. However, NTHi-specific memory Th17 cells provide serotype-independent protection despite an ongoing IAV infection and demonstrate the advantage of developing broadly protective Th17-inducing vaccines against secondary bacterial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - ShengSen Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenchao Li
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brian J Akerley
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Linyun Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/MOH), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Michael C Abt
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
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