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Siddiquee NH, Talukder MEK, Ahmed E, Zeba LT, Aivy FS, Rahman MH, Barua D, Rumman R, Hossain MI, Shimul MEK, Rama AR, Chowdhury S, Hossain I. Cheminformatics-based analysis identified (Z)-2-(2,5-dimethoxy benzylidene)-6-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethoxy) benzofuran-3(2H)-one as an inhibitor of Marburg replication by interacting with NP. Microb Pathog 2024; 195:106892. [PMID: 39216611 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The highly pathogenic Marburg virus (MARV) is a member of the Filoviridae family, a non-segmented negative-strand RNA virus. This article represents the computer-aided drug design (CADD) approach for identifying drug-like compounds that prevent the MARV virus disease by inhibiting nucleoprotein, which is responsible for their replication. This study used a wide range of in silico drug design techniques to identify potential drugs. Out of 368 natural compounds, 202 compounds passed ADMET, and molecular docking identified the top two molecules (CID: 1804018 and 5280520) with a high binding affinity of -6.77 and -6.672 kcal/mol, respectively. Both compounds showed interactions with the common amino acid residues SER_216, ARG_215, TYR_135, CYS_195, and ILE_108, which indicates that lead compounds and control ligands interact in the common active site/catalytic site of the protein. The negative binding free energies of CID: 1804018 and 5280520 were -66.01 and -31.29 kcal/mol, respectively. Two lead compounds were re-evaluated using MD modeling techniques, which confirmed CID: 1804018 as the most stable when complexed with the target protein. PC3 of the (Z)-2-(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)-6-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethoxy) benzofuran-3(2H)-one (CID: 1804018) was 8.74 %, whereas PC3 of the 2'-Hydroxydaidzein (CID: 5280520) was 11.25 %. In this study, (Z)-2-(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)-6-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethoxy) benzofuran-3(2H)-one (CID: 1804018) unveiled the significant stability of the proteins' binding site in ADMET, Molecular docking, MM-GBSA and MD simulation analysis studies, which also showed a high negative binding free energy value, confirming as the best drug candidate which is found in Angelica archangelica which may potentially inhibit the replication of MARV nucleoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noimul Hasan Siddiquee
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh; Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh
| | - Md Enamul Kabir Talukder
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Ezaz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh; Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh
| | - Labiba Tasnim Zeba
- Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh; Department of Mathematics & Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Sultana Aivy
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh; Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasibur Rahman
- Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Durjoy Barua
- Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University, Bangladesh
| | - Rahnumazzaman Rumman
- Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh; Department Of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ifteker Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh; Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh
| | - Md Ebrahim Khalil Shimul
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Anika Rahman Rama
- Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sristi Chowdhury
- Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Imam Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh; Bioinformatics Laboratory (BioLab), Bangladesh.
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Wang S, Li W, Wang Z, Yang W, Li E, Xia X, Yan F, Chiu S. Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:223. [PMID: 39256346 PMCID: PMC11412324 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To adequately prepare for potential hazards caused by emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, the WHO has issued a list of high-priority pathogens that are likely to cause future outbreaks and for which research and development (R&D) efforts are dedicated, known as paramount R&D blueprints. Within R&D efforts, the goal is to obtain effective prophylactic and therapeutic approaches, which depends on a comprehensive knowledge of the etiology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of these diseases. In this process, the accessibility of animal models is a priority bottleneck because it plays a key role in bridging the gap between in-depth understanding and control efforts for infectious diseases. Here, we reviewed preclinical animal models for high priority disease in terms of their ability to simulate human infections, including both natural susceptibility models, artificially engineered models, and surrogate models. In addition, we have thoroughly reviewed the current landscape of vaccines, antibodies, and small molecule drugs, particularly hopeful candidates in the advanced stages of these infectious diseases. More importantly, focusing on global trends and novel technologies, several aspects of the prevention and control of infectious disease were discussed in detail, including but not limited to gaps in currently available animal models and medical responses, better immune correlates of protection established in animal models and humans, further understanding of disease mechanisms, and the role of artificial intelligence in guiding or supplementing the development of animal models, vaccines, and drugs. Overall, this review described pioneering approaches and sophisticated techniques involved in the study of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and clinical theatment of WHO high-priority pathogens and proposed potential directions. Technological advances in these aspects would consolidate the line of defense, thus ensuring a timely response to WHO high priority pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Wujian Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130000, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130000, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wanying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Entao Li
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Feihu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Sandra Chiu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Camargos VN, Rossi SL, Juelich TL, Smith JK, Vasilakis N, Freiberg AN, Nichols R, Fusco J. Efficacy and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Vectored Marburg Vaccine in Cynomolgus Macaques. Viruses 2024; 16:1181. [PMID: 39205155 PMCID: PMC11359148 DOI: 10.3390/v16081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Filoviruses, like the Marburg (MARV) and Ebola (EBOV) viruses, have caused outbreaks associated with significant hemorrhagic morbidity and high fatality rates. Vaccines offer one of the best countermeasures for fatal infection, but to date only the EBOV vaccine has received FDA licensure. Given the limited cross protection between the EBOV vaccine and Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), we analyzed the protective efficacy of a similar vaccine, rVSV-MARV, in the lethal cynomolgus macaque model. NHPs vaccinated with a single dose (as little as 1.6 × 107 pfu) of rVSV-MARV seroconverted to MARV G-protein prior to challenge on day 42. Vaccinemia was measured in all vaccinated primates, self-resolved by day 14 post vaccination. Importantly, all vaccinated NHPs survived lethal MARV challenge, and showed no significant alterations in key markers of morbid disease, including clinical signs, and certain hematological and clinical chemistry parameters. Further, apart from one primate (from which tissues were not collected and no causal link was established), no pathology associated with Marburg disease was observed in vaccinated animals. Taken together, rVSV-MARV is a safe and efficacious vaccine against MHF in cynomolgus macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyleison N. Camargos
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (V.N.C.); (T.L.J.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Shannan L. Rossi
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Terry L. Juelich
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (V.N.C.); (T.L.J.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Jennifer K. Smith
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (V.N.C.); (T.L.J.); (J.K.S.)
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Departments of Pathology, Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Alexander N. Freiberg
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Rick Nichols
- Public Health Vaccines, LLC, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
| | - Joan Fusco
- Public Health Vaccines, LLC, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
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Munyeku-Bazitama Y, Edidi-Atani F, Takada A. Non-Ebola Filoviruses: Potential Threats to Global Health Security. Viruses 2024; 16:1179. [PMID: 39205153 PMCID: PMC11359311 DOI: 10.3390/v16081179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Filoviruses are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses often associated with severe and highly lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates, with case fatality rates as high as 90%. Of the known filoviruses, Ebola virus (EBOV), the prototype of the genus Orthoebolavirus, has been a major public health concern as it frequently causes outbreaks and was associated with an unprecedented outbreak in several Western African countries in 2013-2016, affecting 28,610 people, 11,308 of whom died. Thereafter, filovirus research mostly focused on EBOV, paying less attention to other equally deadly orthoebolaviruses (Sudan, Bundibugyo, and Taï Forest viruses) and orthomarburgviruses (Marburg and Ravn viruses). Some of these filoviruses have emerged in nonendemic areas, as exemplified by four Marburg disease outbreaks recorded in Guinea, Ghana, Tanzania, and Equatorial Guinea between 2021 and 2023. Similarly, the Sudan virus has reemerged in Uganda 10 years after the last recorded outbreak. Moreover, several novel bat-derived filoviruses have been discovered in the last 15 years (Lloviu virus, Bombali virus, Měnglà virus, and Dehong virus), most of which are poorly characterized but may display a wide host range. These novel viruses have the potential to cause outbreaks in humans. Several gaps are yet to be addressed regarding known and emerging filoviruses. These gaps include the virus ecology and pathogenicity, mechanisms of zoonotic transmission, host range and susceptibility, and the development of specific medical countermeasures. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on non-Ebola filoviruses (Bombali virus, Bundibugyo virus, Reston virus, Sudan virus, Tai Forest virus, Marburg virus, Ravn virus, Lloviu virus, Měnglà virus, and Dehong virus) and suggest some strategies to accelerate specific countermeasure development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Munyeku-Bazitama
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (Y.M.-B.); (F.E.-A.)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa P.O. Box 123, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Francois Edidi-Atani
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (Y.M.-B.); (F.E.-A.)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa P.O. Box 123, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ayato Takada
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (Y.M.-B.); (F.E.-A.)
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
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5
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Al-Zayadi FQJ, Shakir AS, Kareem AS, Ghasemian A, Behmard E. Design of a novel multi-epitope vaccine against Marburg virus using immunoinformatics studies. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:45. [PMID: 38970027 PMCID: PMC11227231 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly contagious and virulent agent belonging to Filoviridae family. MARV causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. Owing to its highly virulent nature, preventive approaches are promising for its control. There is currently no approved drug or vaccine against MARV, and management mainly involves supportive care to treat symptoms and prevent complications. Our aim was to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against MARV using immunoinformatics studies. In this study, various proteins (VP35, VP40 and glycoprotein precursor) were used and potential epitopes were selected. CTL and HTL epitopes covered 79.44% and 70.55% of the global population, respectively. The designed MEV construct was stable and expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) host. The physicochemical properties were also acceptable. MARV MEV candidate could predict comprehensive immune responses such as those of humoral and cellular in silico. Additionally, efficient interaction to toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and its agonist (β-defensin) was predicted. There is a need for validation of these results using further in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali S Shakir
- College of Dentistry, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Shayaa Kareem
- Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Babylon, 66002, Iraq
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Behmard
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Sinumvayo JP, Munezero PC, Tope AT, Adeyemo RO, Bale MI, Nyandwi JB, Haakuria VM, Mutesa L, Adedeji AA. Advancing Vaccinology Capacity: Education and Efforts in Vaccine Development and Manufacturing across Africa. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:741. [PMID: 39066380 PMCID: PMC11281707 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Africa, home to the world's second-largest population of approximately 1.3 billion, grapples with significant challenges in meeting its medical needs, particularly in accessing quality healthcare services and products. The continent faces a continuous onslaught of emerging infectious diseases, exacerbating the strain on its already fragile public health infrastructure. The COVID-19 crisis highlighted the urgency to build local vaccine production capacity and strengthen the health infrastructure in general. The risks associated with a heavy reliance on imported vaccines were exposed during the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitating the need to nurture and strengthen the local manufacturing of vaccines and therapeutic biologics. Various initiatives addressing training, manufacturing, and regulatory affairs are underway, and these require increasing dedicated and purposeful financial investment. Building vaccine manufacturing capacity requires substantial investment in training and infrastructure. This manuscript examines the current state of education in vaccinology and related sciences in Africa. It also provides an overview of the continent's efforts to address educational needs in vaccine development and manufacturing. Additionally, it evaluates the initiatives aimed at strengthening vaccine education and literacy, highlighting successful approaches and ongoing challenges. By assessing the progress made and identifying the remaining obstacles, this review offers insights into how Africa can enhance its vaccine manufacturing capacity to respond to vaccine-preventable disease challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Sinumvayo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda; (P.C.M.); (A.T.T.); (R.O.A.); (M.I.B.)
- East African Community, Regional Center of Excellence for Vaccines, Immunization and Health Supply Chain Management (EAC RCE-VIHSCM), Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.B.N.); (V.M.H.)
- Future of Medicine, Science, Technology and Innovation Research Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda;
| | - Pierre Celestin Munezero
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda; (P.C.M.); (A.T.T.); (R.O.A.); (M.I.B.)
- Future of Medicine, Science, Technology and Innovation Research Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda;
| | - Adegboyega Taofeek Tope
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda; (P.C.M.); (A.T.T.); (R.O.A.); (M.I.B.)
- Future of Medicine, Science, Technology and Innovation Research Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda;
| | - Rasheed Omotayo Adeyemo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda; (P.C.M.); (A.T.T.); (R.O.A.); (M.I.B.)
- Future of Medicine, Science, Technology and Innovation Research Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda;
| | - Muritala Issa Bale
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda; (P.C.M.); (A.T.T.); (R.O.A.); (M.I.B.)
- Future of Medicine, Science, Technology and Innovation Research Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda;
| | - Jean Baptiste Nyandwi
- East African Community, Regional Center of Excellence for Vaccines, Immunization and Health Supply Chain Management (EAC RCE-VIHSCM), Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.B.N.); (V.M.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda
| | - Vetjaera Mekupi Haakuria
- East African Community, Regional Center of Excellence for Vaccines, Immunization and Health Supply Chain Management (EAC RCE-VIHSCM), Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.B.N.); (V.M.H.)
| | - Leon Mutesa
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda;
- Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda
| | - Ahmed Adebowale Adedeji
- Future of Medicine, Science, Technology and Innovation Research Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye P.O. Box 117, Rwanda
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Apoorva, Singh SK. A tale of endurance: bats, viruses and immune dynamics. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:841-856. [PMID: 38648093 PMCID: PMC11382704 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of highly zoonotic viral infections has propelled bat research forward. The viral outbreaks including Hendra virus, Nipah virus, Marburg virus, Ebola virus, Rabies virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV and the latest SARS-CoV-2 have been epidemiologically linked to various bat species. Bats possess unique immunological characteristics that allow them to serve as a potential viral reservoir. Bats are also known to protect themselves against viruses and maintain their immunity. Therefore, there is a need for in-depth understanding into bat-virus biology to unravel the major factors contributing to the coexistence and spread of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sunit Kumar Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wu H, Wang X, Zheng H, Feng J, Wang J, Luo L, Xiao H, Qiao C, Li X, Zheng Y, Huang W, Wang Y, Wang Y, Shi Y, Feng J, Chen G. A novel MARV glycoprotein-specific antibody with potentials of broad-spectrum neutralization to filovirus. eLife 2024; 12:RP91181. [PMID: 38526940 PMCID: PMC10963030 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) is one of the filovirus species that cause deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans, with mortality rates up to 90%. Neutralizing antibodies represent ideal candidates to prevent or treat virus disease. However, no antibody has been approved for MARV treatment to date. In this study, we identified a novel human antibody named AF-03 that targeted MARV glycoprotein (GP). AF-03 possessed a high binding affinity to MARV GP and showed neutralizing and protective activities against the pseudotyped MARV in vitro and in vivo. Epitope identification, including molecular docking and experiment-based analysis of mutated species, revealed that AF-03 recognized the Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) binding domain within GP1. Interestingly, we found the neutralizing activity of AF-03 to pseudotyped Ebola viruses (EBOV, SUDV, and BDBV) harboring cleaved GP instead of full-length GP. Furthermore, NPC2-fused AF-03 exhibited neutralizing activity to several filovirus species and EBOV mutants via binding to CI-MPR. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that AF-03 represents a promising therapeutic cargo for filovirus-caused disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Haiyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Xinwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Hang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Junjuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Longlong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - He Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Chunxia Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Xinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Yuanqiang Zheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingChina
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yanchun Shi
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Jiannan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
| | - Guojiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina
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Herron ICT, Laws TR, Nelson M. Marmosets as models of infectious diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1340017. [PMID: 38465237 PMCID: PMC10921895 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1340017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models of infectious disease often serve a crucial purpose in obtaining licensure of therapeutics and medical countermeasures, particularly in situations where human trials are not feasible, i.e., for those diseases that occur infrequently in the human population. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a Neotropical new-world (platyrrhines) non-human primate, has gained increasing attention as an animal model for a number of diseases given its small size, availability and evolutionary proximity to humans. This review aims to (i) discuss the pros and cons of the common marmoset as an animal model by providing a brief snapshot of how marmosets are currently utilized in biomedical research, (ii) summarize and evaluate relevant aspects of the marmoset immune system to the study of infectious diseases, (iii) provide a historical backdrop, outlining the significance of infectious diseases and the importance of developing reliable animal models to test novel therapeutics, and (iv) provide a summary of infectious diseases for which a marmoset model exists, followed by an in-depth discussion of the marmoset models of two studied bacterial infectious diseases (tularemia and melioidosis) and one viral infectious disease (viral hepatitis C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C. T. Herron
- CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Salisbury, United Kingdom
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Fu X, Song L, Chen L, Jin S, Duan Z, Zhang B, Xing Y, Wang Y. Mechanistic insights into aniline-induced liver injury: Role of the mmu_circ_26984/Myh9/NLRP3 axis and modulation by N-acetylcysteine. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115826. [PMID: 38118330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Aniline is a widely used chemical. Chronic or high-dose exposure to aniline can lead to hepatocellular damage. Although the hepatic pathogenicity of aniline has been established in previous studies, studies involving pathogenic genes during aniline-induced liver injury are limited. Our study first discovered and identified the role and mechanism underlying a new circRNA mmu_circ_26984 in aniline-induced chemical liver injury. Further, we discuss the protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in this pathway. After constructing in vitro and in vivo models of aniline treatment, we screened the circRNA with significant differences in expression in AML12 cells from control and aniline-treated groups by circRNA microarray analysis. Next, using RNA pulldown, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and RNA immunoprecipitation, we analyzed the relationship between mmu_circ_26984 and myosin heavy chain 9 (Myh9). Subsequently, we determined the specific mechanism of action of mmu_circ_26984 and Myh9 in aniline-induced liver injury and the protective effect of NAC against aniline-induced liver injury process using Cell Counting Kit-8, Western blot, RNA extraction, a reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. The expression of mmu_circ_26984 was significantly increased in liver tissues and AML12 cells of aniline-treated mice compared with the control group. This high expression of mmu_circ_26984 increased the expression of injury-related inflammatory factors, such as NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β in vivo and ex vivo, which exacerbated the level of liver injury. The interaction of mmu_circ_26984 with Myh9 also affected the course of liver injury. Mmu_circ_26984 overexpression and reduced treatment affected the levels of Myh9 expression in AML12 cells, as well as downstream inflammatory factors associated with injury, such as NLRP3. In addition, NAC reduced the process of liver injury mediated by the mmu_circ_26984/Myh9/NLRP3 axis. In conclusion, mmu_circ_26984 is a potential molecular marker and therapeutic target in the process of aniline-induced liver injury that can mediate aniline-exposure-induced liver injury via modulation of the mmu_circ_26984/Myh9/NLRP3 axis, and NAC can effectively attenuate the effect of this liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fu
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Occupational Poisoning, Occupational Disease Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Lili Chen
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shuo Jin
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhongliang Duan
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yuechen Xing
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.
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Prator CA, Dorratt BM, O’Donnell KL, Lack J, Pinski AN, Ricklefs S, Martens CA, Messaoudi I, Marzi A. Transcriptional profiling of immune responses in NHPs after low-dose, VSV-based vaccination against Marburg virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2252513. [PMID: 37616377 PMCID: PMC10498809 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2252513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Infection with Marburg virus (MARV), the causative agent of Marburg virus disease (MVD), results in haemorrhagic disease and high case fatality rates (>40%) in humans. Despite its public health relevance, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics to prevent or treat MVD. A vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccine expressing the MARV glycoprotein (VSV-MARV) is currently in clinical development. Previously, a single 10 million PFU dose of VSV-MARV administered 1-5 weeks before lethal MARV challenge conferred uniform protection in nonhuman primates (NHPs), demonstrating fast-acting potential. Additionally, our group recently demonstrated that even a low dose VSV-MARV (1000 PFU) protected NHPs when given 7 days before MARV challenge. In this study, we longitudinally profiled the transcriptional responses of NHPs vaccinated with this low dose of VSV-MARV either 14 or 7 days before lethal MARV challenge. NHPs vaccinated 14 days before challenge presented with transcriptional changes consistent with an antiviral response before challenge. Limited gene expression changes were observed in the group vaccinated 7 days before challenge. After challenge, genes related to lymphocyte-mediated immunity were only observed in the group vaccinated 14 days before challenge, indicating that the length of time between vaccination and challenge influenced gene expression. Our results indicate that a low dose VSV-MARV elicits distinct immune responses that correlate with protection against MVD. A low dose of VSV-MARV should be evaluated in clinical rails as it may be an option to deliver beneficial public health outcomes to more people in the event of future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A. Prator
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Brianna M. Dorratt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kyle L. O’Donnell
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Justin Lack
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (NCBR), National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda N. Pinski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stacy Ricklefs
- Research Technology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Craig A. Martens
- Research Technology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
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Debroy B, Chowdhury S, Pal K. Designing a novel and combinatorial multi-antigenic epitope-based vaccine "MarVax" against Marburg virus-a reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approach. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:143. [PMID: 38012426 PMCID: PMC10681968 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Marburg virus (MARV) is a member of the Filoviridae family and causes Marburg virus disease (MVD) among humans and primates. With fatality rates going up to 88%, there is currently no commercialized cure or vaccine to combat the infection. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) classified MARV as priority pathogen A, which presages the need for a vaccine candidate which can provide stable, long-term adaptive immunity. The surface glycoprotein (GP) and fusion protein (FP) mediate the adherence, fusion, and entry of the virus into the host cell via the TIM-I receptor. Being important antigenic determinants, studies reveal that GP and FP are prone to evolutionary mutations, underscoring the requirement of a vaccine construct capable of eliciting a robust and sustained immune response. In this computational study, a reverse vaccinology approach was employed to design a combinatorial vaccine from conserved and antigenic epitopes of essential viral proteins of MARV, namely GP, VP24, VP30, VP35, and VP40 along with an endogenous protein large polymerase (L). METHODS Epitopes for T-cell and B-cell were predicted using TepiTool and ElliPro, respectively. The surface-exposed TLRs like TLR2, TLR4, and TLR5 were used to screen high-binding affinity epitopes using the protein-peptide docking platform MdockPeP. The best binding epitopes were selected and assembled with linkers to design a recombinant multi-epitope vaccine construct which was then modeled in Robetta. The in silico biophysical and biochemical analyses of the recombinant vaccine were performed. The docking and MD simulation of the vaccine using WebGro and CABS-Flex against TLRs support the stable binding of vaccine candidates. A virtual immune simulation to check the immediate and long-term immunogenicity was carried out using the C-ImmSim server. RESULTS The biochemical characteristics and docking studies with MD simulation establish the recombinant protein vaccine construct MarVax as a stable, antigenic, and potent vaccine molecule. Immune simulation studies reveal 1-year passive immunity which needs to be validated by in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishal Debroy
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India
| | - Sribas Chowdhury
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India
| | - Kuntal Pal
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India.
- School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Zumbrun EE, Garvey CB, Wells JB, Lynn GC, Van Tongeren S, Steffens JT, Wetzel KS, Gomba LM, O’Brien KA, Rossi FD, Zeng X, Lee ED, Raymond JLW, Hoffman DA, Jay AN, Brown ES, Kallgren PA, Norris SL, Cantey-Kiser J, Kudiya H, Arthur C, Blair C, Babusis D, Chu VC, Singh B, Bannister R, Porter DP, Cihlar T, Dye JM. Characterization of the Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Marburg Virus Disease and Assessment of Timing for Therapeutic Treatment Testing. Viruses 2023; 15:2335. [PMID: 38140576 PMCID: PMC10748006 DOI: 10.3390/v15122335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) causes severe disease and high mortality in humans. The objective of this study was to characterize disease manifestations and pathogenesis in cynomolgus macaques exposed to MARV. The results of this natural history study may be used to identify features of MARV disease useful in defining the ideal treatment initiation time for subsequent evaluations of investigational therapeutics using this model. Twelve cynomolgus macaques were exposed to a target dose of 1000 plaque-forming units MARV by the intramuscular route, and six control animals were mock-exposed. The primary endpoint of this study was survival to Day 28 post-inoculation (PI). Anesthesia events were minimized with the use of central venous catheters for periodic blood collection, and temperature and activity were continuously monitored by telemetry. All mock-exposed animals remained healthy for the duration of the study. All 12 MARV-exposed animals (100%) became infected, developed illness, and succumbed on Days 8-10 PI. On Day 4 PI, 11 of the 12 MARV-exposed animals had statistically significant temperature elevations over baseline. Clinically observable signs of MARV disease first appeared on Day 5 PI, when 6 of the 12 animals exhibited reduced responsiveness. Ultimately, systemic inflammation, coagulopathy, and direct cytopathic effects of MARV all contributed to multiorgan dysfunction, organ failure, and death or euthanasia of all MARV-exposed animals. Manifestations of MARV disease, including fever, systemic viremia, lymphocytolysis, coagulopathy, and hepatocellular damage, could be used as triggers for initiation of treatment in future therapeutic efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Zumbrun
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Carly B. Garvey
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Jay B. Wells
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Ginger C. Lynn
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Sean Van Tongeren
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Jesse T. Steffens
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Kelly S. Wetzel
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Laura M. Gomba
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Kristan A. O’Brien
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Franco D. Rossi
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Eric D. Lee
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Jo Lynne W. Raymond
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Diana A. Hoffman
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Alexandra N. Jay
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Elizabeth S. Brown
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
- Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Paul A. Kallgren
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Sarah L. Norris
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
| | | | - Humza Kudiya
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Chris Arthur
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Christiana Blair
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Darius Babusis
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Victor C. Chu
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Bali Singh
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Roy Bannister
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Danielle P. Porter
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - Tomas Cihlar
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USA; (H.K.); (C.A.); (C.B.); (D.B.); (V.C.C.); (B.S.); (R.B.); (D.P.P.); (T.C.)
| | - John M. Dye
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.B.G.); (J.B.W.); (G.C.L.); (S.V.T.); (J.T.S.); (K.S.W.); (L.M.G.); (K.A.O.); (F.D.R.); (X.Z.); (E.D.L.); (J.L.W.R.); (D.A.H.); (A.N.J.); (E.S.B.); (P.A.K.); (S.L.N.); (J.M.D.)
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Rabaan AA, Halwani MA, Garout M, Alotaibi J, AlShehail BM, Alotaibi N, Almuthree SA, Alshehri AA, Alshahrani MA, Othman B, Alqahtani A, Alissa M. Exploration of phytochemical compounds against Marburg virus using QSAR, molecular dynamics, and free energy landscape. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10753-0. [PMID: 37925643 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Marburg virus disease (MVD) is caused by the Marburg virus, a one-of-a-kind zoonotic RNA virus from the genus Filovirus. Thus, this current study employed AI-based QSAR and molecular docking-based virtual screening for identifying potential binders against the target protein (nucleoprotein (NP)) of the Marburg virus. A total of 2727 phytochemicals were used for screening, out of which the top three compounds (74977521, 90470472, and 11953909) were identified based on their predicted bioactivity (pIC50) and binding score (< - 7.4 kcal/mol). Later, MD simulation in triplicates and trajectory analysis were performed which showed that 11953909 and 74977521 had the most stable and consistent complex formations and had the most significant interactions with the highest number of hydrogen bonds. PCA (principal component analysis) and FEL (free energy landscape) analysis indicated that these compounds had favourable energy states for most of the conformations. The total binding free energy of the compounds using the MM/GBSA technique showed that 11953909 (ΔGTOTAL = - 30.78 kcal/mol) and 74977521 (ΔGTOTAL = - 30 kcal/mol) had the highest binding affinity with the protein. Overall, this in silico pipeline proposed that the phytochemicals 11953909 and 74977521 could be the possible binders of NP. This study aimed to find phytochemicals inhibiting the protein's function and potentially treating MVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, 31311, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22610, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad A Halwani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, 4781, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alotaibi
- Infectious diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, 11564, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashayer M AlShehail
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alotaibi
- Clinical pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Souad A Almuthree
- Department of Infectious Disease, King Abdullah Medical City, 43442, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 61441, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdulrahman Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 61441, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basim Othman
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Baha University, 65779, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alqahtani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, 61321, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
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Shahzad M, Shaeen SK, Malikzai A. Marburg virus: Africa's deadly intruder exposed. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5297-5298. [PMID: 37811117 PMCID: PMC10553113 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
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Srivastava S, Sharma D, Kumar S, Sharma A, Rijal R, Asija A, Adhikari S, Rustagi S, Sah S, Al-qaim ZH, Bashyal P, Mohanty A, Barboza JJ, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Sah R. Emergence of Marburg virus: a global perspective on fatal outbreaks and clinical challenges. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1239079. [PMID: 37771708 PMCID: PMC10526840 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1239079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Marburg virus (MV), identified in 1967, has caused deadly outbreaks worldwide, the mortality rate of Marburg virus disease (MVD) varies depending on the outbreak and virus strain, but the average case fatality rate is around 50%. However, case fatality rates have varied from 24 to 88% in past outbreaks depending on virus strain and case management. Designated a priority pathogen by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), MV induces hemorrhagic fever, organ failure, and coagulation issues in both humans and non-human primates. This review presents an extensive exploration of MVD outbreak evolution, virus structure, and genome, as well as the sources and transmission routes of MV, including human-to-human spread and involvement of natural hosts such as the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and other Chiroptera species. The disease progression involves early viral replication impacting immune cells like monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, followed by damage to the spleen, liver, and secondary lymphoid organs. Subsequent spread occurs to hepatocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells. MV can evade host immune response by inhibiting interferon type I (IFN-1) synthesis. This comprehensive investigation aims to enhance understanding of pathophysiology, cellular tropism, and injury sites in the host, aiding insights into MVD causes. Clinical data and treatments are discussed, albeit current methods to halt MVD outbreaks remain elusive. By elucidating MV infection's history and mechanisms, this review seeks to advance MV disease treatment, drug development, and vaccine creation. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers MV a high-concern filovirus causing severe and fatal hemorrhagic fever, with a death rate ranging from 24 to 88%. The virus often spreads through contact with infected individuals, originating from animals. Visitors to bat habitats like caves or mines face higher risk. We tailored this search strategy for four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed. we primarily utilized search terms such as "Marburg virus," "Epidemiology," "Vaccine," "Outbreak," and "Transmission." To enhance comprehension of the virus and associated disease, this summary offers a comprehensive overview of MV outbreaks, pathophysiology, and management strategies. Continued research and learning hold promise for preventing and controlling future MVD outbreaks. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriyansh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Rishikesh Rijal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ankush Asija
- WVU United Hospital Center, Bridgeport, WV, United States
| | | | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjit Sah
- Global Consortium for Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, India
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques, SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Siraha, Nepal
| | | | - Prashant Bashyal
- Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu University Parvas, Palpa, Nepal
| | - Aroop Mohanty
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Master Program on Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Spital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Sword J, Lee JH, Castro MA, Solomon J, Aiosa N, Reza SMS, Chu WT, Johnson JC, Bartos C, Cooper K, Jahrling PB, Johnson RF, Calcagno C, Crozier I, Kuhn JH, Hensley LE, Feuerstein IM, Mani V. Computed Tomography Imaging for Monitoring of Marburg Virus Disease: a Nonhuman Primate Proof-Of-Concept Study. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0349422. [PMID: 37036346 PMCID: PMC10269526 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03494-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly virulent zoonotic filovirid that causes Marburg virus disease (MVD) in humans. The pathogenesis of MVD remains poorly understood, partially due to the low number of cases that can be studied, the absence of state-of-the-art medical equipment in areas where cases are reported, and limitations on the number of animals that can be safely used in experimental studies under maximum containment animal biosafety level 4 conditions. Medical imaging modalities, such as whole-body computed tomography (CT), may help to describe disease progression in vivo, potentially replacing ethically contentious and logistically challenging serial euthanasia studies. Towards this vision, we performed a pilot study, during which we acquired whole-body CT images of 6 rhesus monkeys before and 7 to 9 days after intramuscular MARV exposure. We identified imaging abnormalities in the liver, spleen, and axillary lymph nodes that corresponded to clinical, virological, and gross pathological hallmarks of MVD in this animal model. Quantitative image analysis indicated hepatomegaly with a significant reduction in organ density (indicating fatty infiltration of the liver), splenomegaly, and edema that corresponded with gross pathological and histopathological findings. Our results indicated that CT imaging could be used to verify and quantify typical MVD pathogenesis versus altered, diminished, or absent disease severity or progression in the presence of candidate medical countermeasures, thus possibly reducing the number of animals needed and eliminating serial euthanasia. IMPORTANCE Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly virulent zoonotic filovirid that causes Marburg virus disease (MVD) in humans. Much is unknown about disease progression and, thus, prevention and treatment options are limited. Medical imaging modalities, such as whole-body computed tomography (CT), have the potential to improve understanding of MVD pathogenesis. Our study used CT to identify abnormalities in the liver, spleen, and axillary lymph nodes that corresponded to known clinical signs of MVD in this animal model. Our results indicated that CT imaging and analyses could be used to elucidate pathogenesis and possibly assess the efficacy of candidate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Sword
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcelo A. Castro
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey Solomon
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Nina Aiosa
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Syed M. S. Reza
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Winston T. Chu
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua C. Johnson
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher Bartos
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Kurt Cooper
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter B. Jahrling
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Reed F. Johnson
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ian Crozier
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jens H. Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa E. Hensley
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Irwin M. Feuerstein
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Venkatesh Mani
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick Frederick, Maryland, USA
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Jamiu A, Sabiu S, Unnisa A, Emran TB. Recent outbreaks of Marburg virus in Africa: an urgent call for public concern. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY: GLOBAL HEALTH 2023; 6. [DOI: 10.1097/gh9.0000000000000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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19
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Maginnis MS. β-arrestins and G protein-coupled receptor kinases in viral entry: A graphical review. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110558. [PMID: 36509265 PMCID: PMC9811579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Viruses rely on host-cell machinery in order to invade host cells and carry out a successful infection. G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling pathways are master regulators of cellular physiological processing and are an attractive target for viruses to rewire cells during infection. In particular, the GPCR-associated scaffolding proteins β-arrestins and GPCR signaling effectors G-protein receptor kinases (GRKs) have been identified as key cellular factors that mediate viral entry and orchestrate signaling pathways that reprogram cells for viral replication. Interestingly, a broad range of viruses have been identified to activate and/or require GPCR-mediated pathways for infection, including polyomaviruses, flaviviruses, influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating that these viruses may have conserved mechanisms of host-cell invasion. Thus, GPCR-mediated pathways highlight an attractive target for the development of broad antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Maginnis
- Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States of America.
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20
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Eneh SC, Okonji OC, Chiburoma AG, Francisca Ogochukwu O, Tuwleh L, Gideon I, Okonji EF, Bushabu FN, Mgbere O. Marburg virus disease amid COVID-19 in West Africa: an emerging and re-emerging zoonotic epidemic threat, future implications and way forward. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2023; 10:20499361231168520. [PMID: 37101696 PMCID: PMC10125885 DOI: 10.1177/20499361231168520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Levi Tuwleh
- Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Inyangudo Gideon
- Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Emeka Francis Okonji
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fidele Nyimi Bushabu
- Service of Oral and Maxilla-Facial Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- National Center Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Research Innovation and Technology, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kinshasa
| | - Osaro Mgbere
- Department of Health Systems and population Health Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Albaqami FF, Altharawi A, Althurwi HN, Alharthy KM, Qasim M, Muhseen ZT, Tahir ul Qamar M. Computational Modeling and Evaluation of Potential mRNA and Peptide-Based Vaccine against Marburg Virus (MARV) to Provide Immune Protection against Hemorrhagic Fever. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:5560605. [PMID: 37101690 PMCID: PMC10125739 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5560605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
A hemorrhagic fever caused by the Marburg virus (MARV) belongs to the Filoviridae family and has been classified as a risk group 4 pathogen. To this day, there are no approved effective vaccinations or medications available to prevent or treat MARV infections. Reverse vaccinology-based approach was formulated to prioritize B and T cell epitopes utilizing a numerous immunoinformatics tools. Potential epitopes were systematically screened based on various parameters needed for an ideal vaccine such as allergenicity, solubility, and toxicity. The most suitable epitopes capable of inducing immune response were shortlisted. Epitopes with population coverage of 100% and fulfilling set parameters were selected for docking with human leukocyte antigen molecules, and binding affinity of each peptide was analyzed. Finally, 4 CTL and HTL each while 6 B cell 16-mers were used for designing multiepitope subunit (MSV) and mRNA vaccine joined via suitable linkers. Immune simulations were used to validate the constructed vaccine's capacity to induce a robust immune response whereas molecular dynamics simulations were used to confirm epitope-HLA complex stability. Based on these parameter's studies, both the vaccines constructed in this study offer a promising choice against MARV but require further experimental verification. This study provides a rationale point to begin with the development of an efficient vaccine against Marburg virus; however, the findings need further experimental validation to confirm the computational finding of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F. Albaqami
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan N. Althurwi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M. Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ziyad Tariq Muhseen
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Reuben RC, Abunike SA. Marburg virus disease: the paradox of Nigeria's preparedness and priority effects in co-epidemics. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2023; 47:10. [PMID: 36721499 PMCID: PMC9880916 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-00987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent outbreaks of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in Guinea and Ghana have become a major public health concern not only to the West African sub-region but a threat to global health. MAIN BODY OF THE ABSTRACT Given the poorly elucidated ecological and epidemiological dynamics of the Marburg virus, it would be imprudent to preclude the possibility of another pandemic if urgent efforts are not put in place. However, the prior emergence and impact of COVID-19 and other co-occurring epidemics may add 'noise' to the epidemiological dynamics and public health interventions that may be required in the advent of a MVD outbreak in Nigeria. SHORT CONCLUSION Paying attention to the lessons learned from previous (and current) multiple epidemics including Avian Influenza, Yellow fever, Ebola virus disease, Monkeypox, Lassa fever, and COVID-19 could help avoid a potentially devastating public health catastrophe in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rine Christopher Reuben
- German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Biological Science, Anchor University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sarah Adamma Abunike
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
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23
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Markin VA. Marburg virus and the disease it causes. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND IMMUNOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the 50 years since its discovery, many properties of the Marburg virus have been studied, but no reliable medical remedies of preventing and treating the infection it causes have been developed, although it can potentially cause large-scale epidemics.
Marburg fever is relevant due to the risk of importation to other countries. The source of infection in nature is bats (reservoir) and monkeys (intermediate host), and the routes of transmission are aerosol, contact and alimentary. The mortality rate in recent outbreaks has reached 90%. In convalescents the causative agent was identified in tears, semen, and liver biopsies weeks and months after recovery.
The lack of therapeutic and prophylactic antiviral drugs, high rates of mortality, infectivity, the ability of aerosol contamination, and a high epidemic potential all together define Marburg fever as a serious global threat to international health. The development of medical protection against this infection should be an urgent task of ensuring the biological safety of the population of the Russian Federation.
The most promising ways to develop vaccines against Marburg fever are the construction of recombinants based on adenovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus or alphavirus replicon, DNA vaccines. A reliable protective effect of the chemotherapy drug remdesivir in combination with human antibodies, as well as an etiotropic drug with an antisense mechanism of action and an interferon inducer has been shown. In model experiments with pseudovirus, fundamentally new ways of developing pathogen inhibitors were found preventing its exit from cells, as well as the construction of anti-gene-binding Fab fragments that inhibit the synthesis of viral RNA.
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Abir MH, Rahman T, Das A, Etu SN, Nafiz IH, Rakib A, Mitra S, Emran TB, Dhama K, Islam A, Siyadatpanah A, Mahmud S, Kim B, Hassan MM. Pathogenicity and virulence of Marburg virus. Virulence 2022; 13:609-633. [PMID: 35363588 PMCID: PMC8986239 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2054760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) has been a major concern since 1967, with two major outbreaks occurring in 1998 and 2004. Infection from MARV results in severe hemorrhagic fever, causing organ dysfunction and death. Exposure to fruit bats in caves and mines, and human-to-human transmission had major roles in the amplification of MARV outbreaks in African countries. The high fatality rate of up to 90% demands the broad study of MARV diseases (MVD) that correspond with MARV infection. Since large outbreaks are rare for MARV, clinical investigations are often inadequate for providing the substantial data necessary to determine the treatment of MARV disease. Therefore, an overall review may contribute to minimizing the limitations associated with future medical research and improve the clinical management of MVD. In this review, we sought to analyze and amalgamate significant information regarding MARV disease epidemics, pathophysiology, and management approaches to provide a better understanding of this deadly virus and the associated infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehedy Hasan Abir
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Tanjilur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ayan Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Silvia Naznin Etu
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Iqbal Hossain Nafiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ariful Islam
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Bonlgee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan
- Queensland Alliance for One Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
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Lu J, Gullett JM, Kanneganti TD. Filoviruses: Innate Immunity, Inflammatory Cell Death, and Cytokines. Pathogens 2022; 11:1400. [PMID: 36558734 PMCID: PMC9785368 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Filoviruses are a group of single-stranded negative sense RNA viruses. The most well-known filoviruses that affect humans are ebolaviruses and marburgviruses. During infection, they can cause life-threatening symptoms such as inflammation, tissue damage, and hemorrhagic fever, with case fatality rates as high as 90%. The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogenic insults such as filoviruses. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including toll-like receptors, retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors, AIM2-like receptors, and NOD-like receptors, detect pathogens and activate downstream signaling to induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines and interferons, alert the surrounding cells to the threat, and clear infected and damaged cells through innate immune cell death. However, filoviruses can modulate the host inflammatory response and innate immune cell death, causing an aberrant immune reaction. Here, we discuss how the innate immune system senses invading filoviruses and how these deadly pathogens interfere with the immune response. Furthermore, we highlight the experimental difficulties of studying filoviruses as well as the current state of filovirus-targeting therapeutics.
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26
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Cross RW, Longini IM, Becker S, Bok K, Boucher D, Carroll MW, Díaz JV, Dowling WE, Draghia-Akli R, Duworko JT, Dye JM, Egan MA, Fast P, Finan A, Finch C, Fleming TR, Fusco J, Geisbert TW, Griffiths A, Günther S, Hensley LE, Honko A, Hunegnaw R, Jakubik J, Ledgerwood J, Luhn K, Matassov D, Meshulam J, Nelson EV, Parks CL, Rustomjee R, Safronetz D, Schwartz LM, Smith D, Smock P, Sow Y, Spiropoulou CF, Sullivan NJ, Warfield KL, Wolfe D, Woolsey C, Zahn R, Henao-Restrepo AM, Muñoz-Fontela C, Marzi A. An introduction to the Marburg virus vaccine consortium, MARVAC. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010805. [PMID: 36227853 PMCID: PMC9560149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of Marburg virus (MARV) in Guinea and Ghana triggered the assembly of the MARV vaccine "MARVAC" consortium representing leaders in the field of vaccine research and development aiming to facilitate a rapid response to this infectious disease threat. Here, we discuss current progress, challenges, and future directions for MARV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Cross
- Galveston National Laboratory, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ira M. Longini
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute for Virology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Karin Bok
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Boucher
- U.S. COVID-19 Response at U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Miles W. Carroll
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, United Kingdom
| | | | - William E. Dowling
- Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), Washington, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Ruxandra Draghia-Akli
- Johnson & Johnson—Global Public Health Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - James T. Duworko
- Partnership for Research on Infectious Diseases in Liberia, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - John M. Dye
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Egan
- Auro Vaccines, Pearl River, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Amy Finan
- Sabin vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Courtney Finch
- Sabin vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Fleming
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Joan Fusco
- Public Health Vaccines, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas W. Geisbert
- Galveston National Laboratory, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Anthony Griffiths
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephan Günther
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lisa E. Hensley
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna Honko
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ruth Hunegnaw
- Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jocelyn Jakubik
- Sabin vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Julie Ledgerwood
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kerstin Luhn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Emily V. Nelson
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Roxana Rustomjee
- Sabin vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - David Safronetz
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Dean Smith
- Bacterial and Combination Vaccines, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Smock
- Sabin vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Ydrissa Sow
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christina F. Spiropoulou
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nancy J. Sullivan
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly L. Warfield
- Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel Wolfe
- Bacterial and Combination Vaccines, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Woolsey
- Galveston National Laboratory, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Roland Zahn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America
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27
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Bębnowska D, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P. The Interplay between Autophagy and Virus Pathogenesis-The Significance of Autophagy in Viral Hepatitis and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers. Cells 2022; 11:871. [PMID: 35269494 PMCID: PMC8909602 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a process focused on maintaining the homeostasis of organisms; nevertheless, the role of this process has also been widely documented in viral infections. Thus, xenophagy is a selective form of autophagy targeting viruses. However, the relation between autophagy and viruses is ambiguous-this process may be used as a strategy to fight with a virus, but is also in favor of the virus's replication. In this paper, we have gathered data on autophagy in viral hepatitis and viral hemorrhagic fevers and the relations impacting its viral pathogenesis. Thus, autophagy is a potential therapeutic target, but research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which the virus interacts with the autophagic machinery. These studies must be performed in specific research models other than the natural host for many reasons. In this paper, we also indicate Lagovirus europaeus virus as a potentially good research model for acute liver failure and viral hemorrhagic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Bębnowska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
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28
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Hickman MR, Saunders DL, Bigger CA, Kane CD, Iversen PL. The development of broad-spectrum antiviral medical countermeasures to treat viral hemorrhagic fevers caused by natural or weaponized virus infections. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010220. [PMID: 35259154 PMCID: PMC8903284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense (JPEO-CBRND) began development of a broad-spectrum antiviral countermeasure against deliberate use of high-consequence viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) in 2016. The effort featured comprehensive preclinical research, including laboratory testing and rapid advancement of lead molecules into nonhuman primate (NHP) models of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Remdesivir (GS-5734, Veklury, Gilead Sciences) was the first small molecule therapeutic to successfully emerge from this effort. Remdesivir is an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, a viral enzyme that is essential for viral replication. Its robust potency and broad-spectrum antiviral activity against certain RNA viruses including Ebola virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to its clinical evaluation in randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) in human patients during the 2018 EVD outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic today. Remdesivir was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of COVID-19 requiring hospitalization. Substantial gaps remain in improving the outcomes of acute viral infections for patients afflicted with both EVD and COVID-19, including how to increase therapeutic breadth and strategies for the prevention and treatment of severe disease. Combination therapy that joins therapeutics with complimentary mechanisms of action appear promising, both preclinically and in RCTs. Importantly, significant programmatic challenges endure pertaining to a clear drug and biological product development pathway for therapeutics targeting biodefense and emerging pathogens when human efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible. For example, remdesivir's clinical development was facilitated by outbreaks of Ebola and SARS-CoV-2; as such, the development pathway employed for remdesivir is likely to be the exception rather than the rule. The current regulatory licensure pathway for therapeutics targeting rare, weaponizable VHF agents is likely to require use of FDA's established Animal Rule (21 CFR 314.600-650 for drugs; 21 CFR 601.90-95 for biologics). The FDA may grant marketing approval based on adequate and well-controlled animal efficacy studies when the results of those studies establish that the drug is safe and likely to produce clinical benefit in humans. In practical terms, this is anticipated to include a series of rigorous, well-documented, animal challenge studies, to include aerosol challenge, combined with human safety data. While small clinical studies against naturally occurring, high-consequence pathogens are typically performed where possible, approval for the therapeutics currently under development against biodefense pathogens will likely require the Animal Rule pathway utilizing studies in NHPs. We review the development of remdesivir as illustrative of the effort that will be needed to field future therapeutics against highly lethal, infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Hickman
- Joint Project Manager for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Medical (JPM CBRN Medical), Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David L. Saunders
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Bigger
- Logistics Management International Inc, Tysons Corner, Virginia, United States of America
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29
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Hasan M, Mia MM, Islam MM, Hasan Saraf MS, Islam MS. A computerized pharmaceutical repurposing approach reveals Semicochliodinol B synthesized from Chrysosporium merdarium as a viable therapeutic contender for Marburg virus's VP35 and VP40 proteins. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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30
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Sami SA, Marma KKS, Mahmud S, Khan MAN, Albogami S, El-Shehawi AM, Rakib A, Chakraborty A, Mohiuddin M, Dhama K, Uddin MMN, Hossain MK, Tallei TE, Emran TB. Designing of a Multi-epitope Vaccine against the Structural Proteins of Marburg Virus Exploiting the Immunoinformatics Approach. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32043-32071. [PMID: 34870027 PMCID: PMC8638006 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Marburg virus disease (MVD) caused by the Marburg virus (MARV) generally appears with flu-like symptoms and leads to severe hemorrhagic fever. It spreads via direct contact with infected individuals or animals. Despite being considered to be less threatening in terms of appearances and the number of infected patients, the high fatality rate of this pathogenic virus is a major concern. Until now, no vaccine has been developed to combat this deadly virus. Therefore, vaccination for this virus is necessary to reduce its mortality. Our current investigation focuses on the design and formulation of a multi-epitope vaccine based on the structural proteins of MARV employing immunoinformatics approaches. The screening of potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes from the seven structural proteins of MARV was carried out through specific selection parameters. Afterward, we compiled the shortlisted epitopes by attaching them to an appropriate adjuvant and linkers. Population coverage analysis, conservancy analysis, and MHC cluster analysis of the shortlisted epitopes were satisfactory. Importantly, physicochemical characteristics, human homology assessment, and structure validation of the vaccine construct delineated convenient outcomes. We implemented disulfide bond engineering to stabilize the tertiary or quaternary interactions. Furthermore, stability and physical movements of the vaccine protein were explored using normal-mode analysis. The immune simulation study of the vaccine complexes also exhibited significant results. Additionally, the protein-protein docking and molecular dynamics simulation of the final construct exhibited a higher affinity toward toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4). From simulation trajectories, multiple descriptors, namely, root mean square deviations (rmsd), radius of gyration (Rg), root mean square fluctuations (RMSF), solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), and hydrogen bonds, have been taken into account to demonstrate the inflexible and rigid nature of receptor molecules and the constructed vaccine. Inclusively, our findings suggested the vaccine constructs' ability to regulate promising immune responses against MARV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Ahmed Sami
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Kay Kay Shain Marma
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Microbiology
Laboratory, Bioinformatics Division, Department of Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Asif Nadim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department
of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif
University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department
of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif
University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Agnila Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mostafah Mohiuddin
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary
Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Kamrul Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University
of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi 95115, Indonesia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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31
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Yan D, Ra OH, Yan B. The nucleoside antiviral prodrug remdesivir in treating COVID-19 and beyond with interspecies significance. ANIMAL DISEASES 2021; 1:15. [PMID: 34778881 PMCID: PMC8422062 DOI: 10.1186/s44149-021-00017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious pandemics result in hundreds and millions of deaths, notable examples of the Spanish Flu, the Black Death and smallpox. The current pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), is unprecedented even in the historical term of pandemics. The unprecedentedness is featured by multiple surges, rapid identification of therapeutic options and accelerated development of vaccines. Remdesivir, originally developed for Ebola viral disease, is the first treatment of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. As demonstrated by in vitro and preclinical studies, this therapeutic agent is highly potent with a broad spectrum activity against viruses from as many as seven families even cross species. However, randomized controlled trials have failed to confirm the efficacy and safety. Remdesivir improves some clinical signs but not critical parameters such as mortality. This antiviral agent is an ester/phosphorylation prodrug and excessive hydrolysis which increases cellular toxicity. Remdesivir is given intravenously, leading to concentration spikes and likely increasing the potential of hydrolysis-based toxicity. This review has proposed a conceptual framework for improving its efficacy and minimizing toxicity not only for the COVID-19 pandemic but also for future ones caused by remdesivir-sensitive viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Yan
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - One Hyuk Ra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
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32
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Wang N, Sarathy JP, Zimmerman M, Kaya F, Wang H, Dartois V, Carter CL. On-Slide Heat Sterilization Enables Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Tissue Infected with High-Threat Pathogens Outside of Biocontainment: A Study Directed at Mycobacterium tuberculosis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2664-2674. [PMID: 34672552 PMCID: PMC8653782 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging investigations of tissues infected with agents that require high-security biocontainment, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, have been limited due to incompatible sterilization techniques. Here we describe an on-slide heat sterilization method that enables mass spectrometry imaging investigations of pharmaceuticals, lipids, and metabolites in infected tissue samples outside of biocontainment. An evaluation of different temperatures and incubation times determined that 100 °C for 1 h was essential to sterilize 5 times the bacterial burden observed in tuberculosis (TB) cavity sections. Laser-capture microdissection combined with liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry quantitation, in addition to mass spectrometry imaging, showed that no degradation was observed following the on-slide heat sterilization protocol for a variety of drug classes covering a range of physicochemical properties. Utilizing the tissue mimetic model, we demonstrated that the detection of lipid and metabolite ions was not impacted by heat sterilization and that, for several metabolites, the on-slide heat sterilization method improved the sensitivity when compared to control samples. An application of the on-slide heat sterilization to M. tuberculosis infected tissue enabled the first detection and spatial distribution of lipids indicative of a lysosomal storage disease phenotype within TB granuloma macrophages, in addition to the differential distribution of metabolites central to the fatty acid oxidation pathway. These initial investigations detected a pronounced heterogeneity within the cellular regions and necrotic cores of individual TB granulomas and across different evolving granulomas. This study provides the framework for mass spectrometry imaging investigations of high-threat pathogens outside of biocontainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Jansy P. Sarathy
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Matthew Zimmerman
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Firat Kaya
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Han Wang
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
- Department
of Medical Sciences, Hackensack School of
Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Claire L. Carter
- Center
for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack
Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
- Department
of Pathology, Hackensack School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
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33
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Hirschenberger M, Hunszinger V, Sparrer KMJ. Implications of Innate Immunity in Post-Acute Sequelae of Non-Persistent Viral Infections. Cells 2021; 10:2134. [PMID: 34440903 PMCID: PMC8391718 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-persistent viruses classically cause transient, acute infections triggering immune responses aimed at the elimination of the pathogen. Successful viruses evolved strategies to manipulate and evade these anti-viral defenses. Symptoms during the acute phase are often linked to dysregulated immune responses that disappear once the patient recovers. In some patients, however, symptoms persist or new symptoms emerge beyond the acute phase. Conditions resulting from previous transient infection are termed post-acute sequelae (PAS) and were reported for a wide range of non-persistent viruses such as rota-, influenza- or polioviruses. Here we provide an overview of non-persistent viral pathogens reported to be associated with diverse PAS, among them chronic fatigue, auto-immune disorders, or neurological complications and highlight known mechanistic details. Recently, the emergence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) or long COVID highlighted the impact of PAS. Notably, PAS of non-persistent infections often resemble symptoms of persistent viral infections, defined by chronic inflammation. Inflammation maintained after the acute phase may be a key driver of PAS of non-persistent viruses. Therefore, we explore current insights into aberrant activation of innate immune signaling pathways in the post-acute phase of non-persistent viruses. Finally, conclusions are drawn and future perspectives for treatment and prevention of PAS are discussed.
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34
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Schiffman Z, Liu G, Cao W, Zhu W, Emeterio K, Qiu X, Banadyga L. The Ferret as a Model for Filovirus Pathogenesis and Countermeasure Evaluation. ILAR J 2021; 61:62-71. [PMID: 33951727 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) has long been a popular animal model for evaluating viral pathogenesis and transmission as well as the efficacy of candidate countermeasures. Without question, the ferret has been most widely implemented for modeling respiratory viruses, particularly influenza viruses; however, in recent years, it has gained attention as a novel animal model for characterizing filovirus infections. Although ferrets appear resistant to infection and disease caused by Marburg and Ravn viruses, they are highly susceptible to lethal disease caused by Ebola, Sudan, Bundibugyo, and Reston viruses. Notably, unlike the immunocompetent rodent models of filovirus infection, ferrets are susceptible to lethal disease caused by wild-type viruses, and they recapitulate many aspects of human filovirus disease, including systemic virus replication, coagulation abnormalities, and a dysregulated immune response. Along with the stringency with which they reproduce Ebola disease, their relatively small size and availability make ferrets an attractive choice for countermeasure evaluation and pathogenesis modeling. Indeed, they are so far the only small animal model available for Bundibugyo virus. Nevertheless, ferrets do have their limitations, including the lack of commercially available reagents to dissect host responses and their unproven predictive value in therapeutic evaluation. Although the use of the ferret model in ebolavirus research has been consistent over the last few years, its widespread use and utility remains to be fully proven. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the ferret models of filovirus infection and perspective on their ongoing use in pathogenesis modeling and countermeasure evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Schiffman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Guodong Liu
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Wenguang Cao
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Karla Emeterio
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiangguo Qiu
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Logan Banadyga
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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35
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Obese Animals as Models for Numerous Diseases: Advantages and Applications. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:399. [PMID: 33919006 PMCID: PMC8142996 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the advances in obesity research, a variety of animal models have been developed to investigate obesity pathogenesis, development, therapies and complications. Such obese animals would not only allow us to explore obesity but would also represent models to study diseases and conditions that develop with obesity or where obesity represents a risk factor. Indeed, obese subjects, as well as animal models of obesity, develop pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Therefore, obese animals would represent models for numerous diseases. Although those diseases can be induced in animals by chemicals or drugs without obesity development, having them developed as consequences of obesity has numerous advantages. These advantages include mimicking natural pathogenesis processes, using diversity in obesity models (diet, animal species) to study the related variabilities and exploring disease intensity and reversibility depending on obesity development and treatments. Importantly, therapeutic implications and pharmacological tests represent key advantages too. On the other hand, obesity prevalence is continuously increasing, and, therefore, the likelihood of having a patient suffering simultaneously from obesity and a particular disease is increasing. Thus, studying diverse diseases in obese animals (either induced naturally or developed) would allow researchers to build a library of data related to the patterns or specificities of obese patients within the context of pathologies. This may lead to a new branch of medicine specifically dedicated to the diseases and care of obese patients, similar to geriatric medicine, which focuses on the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
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McEntire CRS, Song KW, McInnis RP, Rhee JY, Young M, Williams E, Wibecan LL, Nolan N, Nagy AM, Gluckstein J, Mukerji SS, Mateen FJ. Neurologic Manifestations of the World Health Organization's List of Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases. Front Neurol 2021; 12:634827. [PMID: 33692745 PMCID: PMC7937722 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.634827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) monitors the spread of diseases globally and maintains a list of diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential. Currently listed diseases include Chikungunya, cholera, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease, Hendra virus infection, influenza, Lassa fever, Marburg virus disease, Neisseria meningitis, MERS-CoV, monkeypox, Nipah virus infection, novel coronavirus (COVID-19), plague, Rift Valley fever, SARS, smallpox, tularemia, yellow fever, and Zika virus disease. The associated pathogens are increasingly important on the global stage. The majority of these diseases have neurological manifestations. Those with less frequent neurological manifestations may also have important consequences. This is highlighted now in particular through the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and reinforces that pathogens with the potential to spread rapidly and widely, in spite of concerted global efforts, may affect the nervous system. We searched the scientific literature, dating from 1934 to August 2020, to compile data on the cause, epidemiology, clinical presentation, neuroimaging features, and treatment of each of the diseases of epidemic or pandemic potential as viewed through a neurologist's lens. We included articles with an abstract or full text in English in this topical and scoping review. Diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential can be spread directly from human to human, animal to human, via mosquitoes or other insects, or via environmental contamination. Manifestations include central neurologic conditions (meningitis, encephalitis, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, seizures), peripheral and cranial nerve syndromes (sensory neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, ophthalmoplegia), post-infectious syndromes (acute inflammatory polyneuropathy), and congenital syndromes (fetal microcephaly), among others. Some diseases have not been well-characterized from a neurological standpoint, but all have at least scattered case reports of neurological features. Some of the diseases have curative treatments available while in other cases, supportive care remains the only management option. Regardless of the pathogen, prompt, and aggressive measures to control the spread of these agents are the most important factors in lowering the overall morbidity and mortality they can cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb R. S. McEntire
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kun-Wei Song
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert P. McInnis
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John Y. Rhee
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael Young
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Erika Williams
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Leah L. Wibecan
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Pediatric Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Neal Nolan
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amanda M. Nagy
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Pediatric Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Gluckstein
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Brigham Neurology Residency Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shibani S. Mukerji
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Farrah J. Mateen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Schiffman Z, Yan F, He S, Tierney K, Zhu W, Emeterio K, Zhang H, Banadyga L, Qiu X. Taï Forest Virus Does Not Cause Lethal Disease in Ferrets. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020213. [PMID: 33494199 PMCID: PMC7909818 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Filoviruses are zoonotic, negative-sense RNA viruses, most of which are capable of causing severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates, often with high case fatality rates. Among these viruses, those belonging to the Ebolavirus genus—particularly Ebola virus, Sudan virus, and Bundibugyo virus—represent some of the most pathogenic to humans. Taï Forest virus (TAFV) is thought to be among the least pathogenic ebolaviruses; however, only a single non-fatal case has been documented in humans, in 1994. With the recent success of the ferret as a lethal model for a number of ebolaviruses, we set out to evaluate its suitability as a model for TAFV. Our results demonstrate that, unlike other ebolaviruses, TAFV infection in ferrets does not result in lethal disease. None of the intramuscularly inoculated animals demonstrated any overt signs of disease, whereas the intranasally inoculated animals exhibited mild to moderate weight loss during the early stage of infection but recovered quickly. Low levels of viral RNA were detected in the blood and tissues of several animals, particularly the intranasally inoculated animals, and all animals mounted a humoral immune response, with high titers of GP-specific IgG detectable as early as 14 days post-infection. These data provide additional insight into the pathogenesis of TAFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Schiffman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (Z.S.); (K.E.); (H.Z.)
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Feihu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China;
| | - Shihua He
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Kevin Tierney
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Karla Emeterio
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (Z.S.); (K.E.); (H.Z.)
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (Z.S.); (K.E.); (H.Z.)
| | - Logan Banadyga
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Xiangguo Qiu
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada; (S.H.); (K.T.); (W.Z.); (X.Q.)
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Abstract
Mononegavirales, known as nonsegmented negative-sense (NNS) RNA viruses, are a class of pathogenic and sometimes deadly viruses that include rabies virus (RABV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), and Ebola virus (EBOV). Unfortunately, no effective vaccines and antiviral therapeutics against many Mononegavirales are currently available. Viral polymerases have been attractive and major antiviral therapeutic targets. Therefore, Mononegavirales polymerases have been extensively investigated for their structures and functions. Mononegavirales, known as nonsegmented negative-sense (NNS) RNA viruses, are a class of pathogenic and sometimes deadly viruses that include rabies virus (RABV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), and Ebola virus (EBOV). Unfortunately, no effective vaccines and antiviral therapeutics against many Mononegavirales are currently available. Viral polymerases have been attractive and major antiviral therapeutic targets. Therefore, Mononegavirales polymerases have been extensively investigated for their structures and functions. Mononegavirales mimic RNA synthesis of their eukaryotic counterparts by utilizing multifunctional RNA polymerases to replicate entire viral genomes and transcribe viral mRNAs from individual viral genes as well as synthesize 5′ methylated cap and 3′ poly(A) tail of the transcribed viral mRNAs. The catalytic subunit large protein (L) and cofactor phosphoprotein (P) constitute the Mononegavirales polymerases. In this review, we discuss the shared and unique features of RNA synthesis, the monomeric multifunctional enzyme L, and the oligomeric multimodular adapter P of Mononegavirales. We outline the structural analyses of the Mononegavirales polymerases since the first structure of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) L protein determined in 2015 and highlight multiple high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the polymerases of Mononegavirales, namely, VSV, RABV, HRSV, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), that have been reported in recent months (2019 to 2020). We compare the structures of those polymerases grouped by virus family, illustrate the similarities and differences among those polymerases, and reveal the potential RNA synthesis mechanisms and models of highly conserved Mononegavirales. We conclude by the discussion of remaining questions, evolutionary perspectives, and future directions.
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Reddy BL, Saier MHJ. The Causal Relationship between Eating Animals and Viral Epidemics. Microb Physiol 2020; 30:2-8. [PMID: 32957108 PMCID: PMC7573891 DOI: 10.1159/000511192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For decades it has been known that infectious agents including pathogenic protozoans, bacteria, and viruses, adapted to a particular animal host, can mutate to gain the ability to infect another host, and the mechanisms involved have been studied in great detail. Although an infectious agent in one animal can alter its host range with relative ease, no example of a plant virus changing its host organism to an animal has been documented. One prevalent pathway for the transmission of infectious agents between hosts involves ingestion of the flesh of one organism by another. In this article we document numerous examples of viral and prion diseases transmitted by eating animals. We suggest that the occurrence of cross-species viral epidemics can be substantially reduced by shifting to a more vegetarian diet and enforcing stricter laws that ban the slaughter and trade of wild and endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskara L Reddy
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Milton H Jr Saier
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA,
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Condrey JA, Flietstra T, Nestor KM, Schlosser EL, Coleman-McCray JD, Genzer SC, Welch SR, Spengler JR. Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, and Fibrinogen Reference Intervals for Inbred Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs ( Cavia porcellus) and Validation of Low Volume Sample Analysis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081127. [PMID: 32726969 PMCID: PMC7463423 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inbred strain 13/N guinea pigs are used as small animal models for the study of hemorrhagic fever viruses. Coagulation abnormalities, including prolonged clotting times and bleeding, are characteristic of hemorrhagic fever in humans; patients often meet criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Comprehensively evaluating coagulation function is critical in model development and studies of viral pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy. Here, using the VetScan VSpro veterinary point-of-care platform, we developed reference intervals in both juvenile and adult strain 13/N guinea pigs for three coagulation parameters: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen. In addition, for situations or species with limited availability of blood for clinical analysis, we investigated the validity of a modified collection approach for low-volume (0.1 mL) blood sample analysis of PT and aPTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian A. Condrey
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (J.A.C.); (K.M.N.); (E.L.S.); (S.C.G.)
| | - Timothy Flietstra
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (T.F.); (J.D.C.-M.); (S.R.W.)
| | - Kaitlyn M. Nestor
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (J.A.C.); (K.M.N.); (E.L.S.); (S.C.G.)
| | - Elizabeth L. Schlosser
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (J.A.C.); (K.M.N.); (E.L.S.); (S.C.G.)
| | - JoAnn D. Coleman-McCray
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (T.F.); (J.D.C.-M.); (S.R.W.)
| | - Sarah C. Genzer
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (J.A.C.); (K.M.N.); (E.L.S.); (S.C.G.)
| | - Stephen R. Welch
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (T.F.); (J.D.C.-M.); (S.R.W.)
| | - Jessica R. Spengler
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (T.F.); (J.D.C.-M.); (S.R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-639-1136; Fax: +1-404-639-1509
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