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Ekhtiari H, Sangchooli A, Carmichael O, Moeller FG, O'Donnell P, Oquendo M, Paulus MP, Pizzagalli DA, Ramey T, Schacht J, Zare-Bidoky M, Childress AR, Brady K. Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Addiction. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.09.02.24312084. [PMID: 39281741 PMCID: PMC11398440 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.02.24312084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
As a neurobiological process, addiction involves pathological patterns of engagement with substances and a range of behaviors with a chronic and relapsing course. Neuroimaging technologies assess brain activity, structure, physiology, and metabolism at scales ranging from neurotransmitter receptors to large-scale brain networks, providing unique windows into the core neural processes implicated in substance use disorders. Identified aberrations in the neural substrates of reward and salience processing, response inhibition, interoception, and executive functions with neuroimaging can inform the development of pharmacological, neuromodulatory, and psychotherapeutic interventions to modulate the disordered neurobiology. Based on our systematic search, 409 protocols registered on ClinicalTrials.gov include the use of one or more neuroimaging paradigms as an outcome measure in addiction, with the majority (N=268) employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), followed by positron emission tomography (PET) (N=71), electroencephalography (EEG) (N=50), structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (N=35) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) (N=35). Furthermore, in a PubMed systematic review, we identified 61 meta-analyses including 30 fMRI, 22 structural MRI, 8 EEG, 7 PET, and 3 MRS meta-analyses suggesting potential biomarkers in addictions. These studies can facilitate the development of a range of biomarkers that may prove useful in the arsenal of addiction treatments in the coming years. There is evidence that these markers of large-scale brain structure and activity may indicate vulnerability or separate disease subtypes, predict response to treatment, or provide objective measures of treatment response or recovery. Neuroimaging biomarkers can also suggest novel targets for interventions. Closed or open loop interventions can integrate these biomarkers with neuromodulation in real-time or offline to personalize stimulation parameters and deliver the precise intervention. This review provides an overview of neuroimaging modalities in addiction, potential neuroimaging biomarkers, and their physiologic and clinical relevance. Future directions and challenges in bringing these putative biomarkers from the bench to the bedside are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Arshiya Sangchooli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Owen Carmichael
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - F Gerard Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Patricio O'Donnell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Maria Oquendo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Tatiana Ramey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Joseph Schacht
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Mehran Zare-Bidoky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Anna Rose Childress
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
| | - Kathleen Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ekhtiari); Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA (Ekhtiari, Paulus); School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (Sangchooli); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (Carmichael); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Oquendo, Childress); Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA (Moeller); Translational Medicine, Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA (O'Donnell); Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA (Pizzaggali); National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA (Ramey); Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA (Schacht); Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Zare-Bidoky); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA (Brady)
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Chiba S, Yamada K, Kawai A, Hamaoka S, Ikemiya H, Hara A, Wakaizumi K, Tabuchi T, Yamaguchi K, Kawagoe I, Iseki M. Association between smoking and central sensitization pain: a web-based cross-sectional study. J Anesth 2024; 38:198-205. [PMID: 38265695 PMCID: PMC10954963 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-023-03302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether smoking is an independent risk factor for central sensitization syndrome (CSS) in individuals with pain as measured by the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). METHODS In 2020, we conducted an Internet survey targeting 2000 ordinary residents of Japan (aged 20-69 years) who had pain symptoms from October to November 2020. A multiple regression analysis was performed on the association between smoking status (nonsmokers and current smokers; Brinkman index) and CSI values. Moreover, compared to nonsmokers, the relative risk (RR) of the CSI cut-off score of 40 points or higher among current smokers was calculated using a modified Poisson regression model. Covariates included age, sex, body mass index, marital status, equivalized income, exercise habits, history of hypertension, history of hyperlipidemia, history of diabetes, pain chronicity, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale score. RESULTS This study analyzed 1,822 individuals (1,041 men and 781 women). Among those experiencing pain, current smoking was associated with the increase in CSI values (β = 0.07). The Brinkman index was also significantly associated with the increase in CSI values (β = 0.06). Current smoking also increased the risk of being over the CSI cut-off score, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.29 (95% confidence intervals, 1.04-1.60). Younger age, being women, experiencing chronic pain, and higher pain catastrophizing thinking were also significantly associated with increased CSS severity, independent of smoking status. CONCLUSION Smoking is an independent risk factor for CSS. This indicates that smoking may be an important factor in the management of central pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Chiba
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Keiko Yamada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Aiko Kawai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Saeko Hamaoka
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ikemiya
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Atsuko Hara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenta Wakaizumi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Osaka International Cancer Institute and Cancer Control Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Izumi Kawagoe
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masako Iseki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Weidler C, Gramegna C, Müller D, Schrickel M, Habel U. Resting-state functional connectivity and structural differences between smokers and healthy non-smokers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6878. [PMID: 38519565 PMCID: PMC10960011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown an association between cigarette use and altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in many large-scale networks, sometimes complemented by measures of cortical atrophy. In this study, we aimed to further explore the neural differences between smokers and healthy non-smokers through the integration of functional and structural analyses. Imaging data of fifty-two smokers and forty-five non-smokers were analyzed through an independent component analysis for group differences in rsFC. Smokers showed lower rsFC within the dorsal attention network (DAN) in the left superior and middle frontal gyrus and left superior division of the lateral occipital cortex compared to non-smokers; moreover, cigarette use was found to be associated with reduced grey matter volume in the left superior and middle frontal gyrus and right orbitofrontal cortex, partly overlapping with functional findings. Within smokers, daily cigarette consumption was positively associated with increased rsFC within the cerebellar network and the default mode network and decreased rsFC within the visual network and the salience network, while carbon monoxide level showed a positive association with increased rsFC within the sensorimotor network. Our results suggest that smoking negatively impacts rsFC within the DAN and that changes within this network might serve as a circuit-based biomarker for structural deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Weidler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Chiara Gramegna
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Dario Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maike Schrickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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Tosti B, Corrado S, Mancone S, Di Libero T, Rodio A, Andrade A, Diotaiuti P. Integrated use of biofeedback and neurofeedback techniques in treating pathological conditions and improving performance: a narrative review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1358481. [PMID: 38567285 PMCID: PMC10985214 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1358481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the scientific community has begun tо explore the efficacy оf an integrated neurofeedback + biofeedback approach іn various conditions, both pathological and non-pathological. Although several studies have contributed valuable insights into its potential benefits, this review aims tо further investigate its effectiveness by synthesizing current findings and identifying areas for future research. Our goal іs tо provide a comprehensive overview that may highlight gaps іn the existing literature and propose directions for subsequent studies. The search for articles was conducted on the digital databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies to have used the integrated neurofeedback + biofeedback approach published between 2014 and 2023 and reviews to have analyzed the efficacy of neurofeedback and biofeedback, separately, related to the same time interval and topics were selected. The search identified five studies compatible with the objectives of the review, related to several conditions: nicotine addiction, sports performance, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The integrated neurofeedback + biofeedback approach has been shown to be effective in improving several aspects of these conditions, such as a reduction in the presence of psychiatric symptoms, anxiety, depression, and withdrawal symptoms and an increase in self-esteem in smokers; improvements in communication, imitation, social/cognitive awareness, and social behavior in ASD subjects; improvements in attention, alertness, and reaction time in sports champions; and improvements in attention and inhibitory control in ADHD subjects. Further research, characterized by greater methodological rigor, is therefore needed to determine the effectiveness of this method and the superiority, if any, of this type of training over the single administration of either. This review іs intended tо serve as a catalyst for future research, signaling promising directions for the advancement оf biofeedback and neurofeedback methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Tosti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
| | - Stefano Corrado
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
| | - Stefania Mancone
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
| | - Tommaso Di Libero
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
| | - Angelo Rodio
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
| | - Alexandro Andrade
- Department of Physical Education, CEFID, Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Pierluigi Diotaiuti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino, Cassino, Lazio, Italy
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Zhu T, Wang W, Chen Y, Kranzler HR, Li CSR, Bi J. Machine Learning of Functional Connectivity to Biotype Alcohol and Nicotine Use Disorders. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:326-336. [PMID: 37696489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging provides noninvasive tools to investigate alcohol use disorder (AUD) and nicotine use disorder (NUD) and neural phenotypes for genetic studies. A data-driven transdiagnostic approach could provide a new perspective on the neurobiology of AUD and NUD. METHODS Using samples of individuals with AUD (n = 140), individuals with NUD (n = 249), and healthy control participants (n = 461) from the UK Biobank, we integrated clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic markers to identify biotypes of AUD and NUD. We partitioned participants with AUD and NUD based on resting-state functional connectivity (FC) features associated with clinical metrics. A multitask artificial neural network was trained to evaluate the cluster-defined biotypes and jointly infer AUD and NUD diagnoses. RESULTS Three biotypes-primary NUD, mixed NUD/AUD with depression and anxiety, and mixed AUD/NUD-were identified. Multitask classifiers incorporating biotype knowledge achieved higher area under the curve (AUD: 0.76, NUD: 0.74) than single-task classifiers without biotype differentiation (AUD: 0.61, NUD: 0.64). Cerebellar FC features were important in distinguishing the 3 biotypes. The biotype of mixed NUD/AUD with depression and anxiety demonstrated the largest number of FC features (n = 5), all related to the visual cortex, that significantly differed from healthy control participants and were validated in a replication sample (p < .05). A polymorphism in TNRC6A was associated with the mixed AUD/NUD biotype in both the discovery (p = 7.3 × 10-5) and replication (p = 4.2 × 10-2) sets. CONCLUSIONS Biotyping and multitask learning using FC features can characterize the clinical and genetic profiles of AUD and NUD and help identify cerebellar and visual circuit markers to differentiate the AUD/NUD group from the healthy control group. These markers support a new growing body of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zhu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Data Analytics Department, Yale New Haven Health System, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jinbo Bi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
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6
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Li X, Ng KK, Wong JJY, Zhou JH, Yow WQ. Brain gray matter morphometry relates to onset age of bilingualism and theory of mind in young and older adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3193. [PMID: 38326334 PMCID: PMC10850089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifelong bilingualism may result in neural reserve against decline not only in the general cognitive domain, but also in social cognitive functioning. In this study, we show the brain structural correlates that are associated with second language age of acquisition (L2AoA) and theory of mind (the ability to reason about mental states) in normal aging. Participants were bilingual adults (46 young, 50 older) who completed a theory-of-mind task battery, a language background questionnaire, and an anatomical MRI scan to obtain cortical morphometric features (i.e., gray matter volume, thickness, and surface area). Findings indicated a theory-of-mind decline in older adults compared to young adults, controlling for education and general cognition. Importantly, earlier L2AoA and better theory-of-mind performance were associated with larger volume, higher thickness, and larger surface area in the bilateral temporal, medial temporal, superior parietal, and prefrontal brain regions. These regions are likely to be involved in mental representations, language, and cognitive control. The morphometric association with L2AoA in young and older adults were comparable, but its association with theory of mind was stronger in older adults than young adults. The results demonstrate that early bilingual acquisition may provide protective benefits to intact theory-of-mind abilities against normal age-related declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwun Kei Ng
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joey Ju Yu Wong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juan Helen Zhou
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - W Quin Yow
- Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Chen J, Li T, Zhao B, Chen H, Yuan C, Garden GA, Wu G, Zhu H. The interaction effects of age, APOE and common environmental risk factors on human brain structure. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad472. [PMID: 38112569 PMCID: PMC10793588 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests considerable diversity in brain aging trajectories, primarily arising from the complex interplay between age, genetic, and environmental risk factors, leading to distinct patterns of micro- and macro-cerebral aging. The underlying mechanisms of such effects still remain unclear. We conducted a comprehensive association analysis between cerebral structural measures and prevalent risk factors, using data from 36,969 UK Biobank subjects aged 44-81. Participants were assessed for brain volume, white matter diffusivity, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes, polygenic risk scores, lifestyles, and socioeconomic status. We examined genetic and environmental effects and their interactions with age and sex, and identified 726 signals, with education, alcohol, and smoking affecting most brain regions. Our analysis revealed negative age-APOE-ε4 and positive age-APOE-ε2 interaction effects, respectively, especially in females on the volume of amygdala, positive age-sex-APOE-ε4 interaction on the cerebellar volume, positive age-excessive-alcohol interaction effect on the mean diffusivity of the splenium of the corpus callosum, positive age-healthy-diet interaction effect on the paracentral volume, and negative APOE-ε4-moderate-alcohol interaction effects on the axial diffusivity of the superior fronto-occipital fasciculus. These findings highlight the need of considering age, sex, genetic, and environmental joint effects in elucidating normal or abnormal brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill NC 27514, United States
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, 265 South 37th Street, 3rd & 4th Floors, Philadelphia, PA 19104-1686, United States
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Gwenn A Garden
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7025, United States
| | - Guorong Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
- Departments of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 318 E Cameron Ave #3260, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Departments of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 201 South Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, 101 Renee Lynne Ct, Carrboro, NC 27510, United States
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill NC 27514, United States
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Departments of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 318 E Cameron Ave #3260, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Departments of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 201 South Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
- Departments of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
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8
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van de Weijer MP, Vermeulen J, Schrantee A, Munafò MR, Verweij KJH, Treur JL. The potential role of gray matter volume differences in the association between smoking and depression: A narrative review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105497. [PMID: 38100958 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use and major depression are both leading contributors to the global burden of disease and are also highly comorbid. Previous research indicates bi-directional causality between tobacco use and depression, but the mechanisms that underlie this causality are unclear, especially for the causality from tobacco use to depression. Here we narratively review the available evidence for a potential causal role of gray matter volume in the association. We summarize the findings of large existing neuroimaging meta-analyses, studies in UK Biobank, and the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through MetaAnalysis (ENIGMA) consortium and assess the overlap in implicated brain areas. In addition, we review two types of methods that allow us more insight into the causal nature of associations between brain volume and depression/smoking: longitudinal studies and Mendelian Randomization studies. While the available evidence suggests overlap in the alterations in brain volumes implicated in tobacco use and depression, there is a lack of research examining the underlying pathophysiology. We conclude with recommendations on (genetically-informed) causal inference methods useful for studying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot P van de Weijer
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jentien Vermeulen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk Schrantee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, the United Kingdom
| | - Karin J H Verweij
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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9
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Brown AA, Cofresí R, Froeliger B. Associations Between the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives and Regional Brain Volumes in Adult Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:1882-1890. [PMID: 37338201 PMCID: PMC10664077 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68) is a 68-item questionnaire to assess nicotine dependence as a multifactorial construct based on 13 theoretically derived smoking motives. Chronic smoking is associated with structural changes in brain regions implicated in the maintenance of smoking behavior; however, associations between brain morphometry and the various reinforcing components of smoking behavior remain unexamined. The present study investigated the potential association between smoking dependence motives and regional brain volumes in a cohort of 254 adult smokers. AIMS AND METHODS The WISDM-68 was administered to participants at the baseline session. Structural magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) data from 254 adult smokers (Mage = 42.7 ± 11.4) with moderate to severe nicotine dependence (MFTND = 5.4 ± 2.0) smoking for at least 2 years (Myears = 24.3 ± 11.8) were collected and analyzed with Freesurfer. RESULTS Vertex-wise cluster analysis revealed that high scores on the WISDM-68 composite, secondary dependence motives (SDM) composite, and multiple SDM subscales were associated with lower cortical volume in the right lateral prefrontal cortex (cluster-wise p's < .035). Analysis of subcortical volumes (ie, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, caudate, and pallidum) revealed several significant associations with WISDM-68 subscales, dependence severity (Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence), and overall exposure (pack-years). No significant associations between cortical volume and other nicotine dependence measures or pack-years were observed. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that smoking motives may play a larger role in cortical abnormalities than addiction severity and smoking exposure per se, whereas subcortical volumes are associated with smoking motives, addiction severity, and smoking exposure. IMPLICATIONS The present study reports novel associations between the various reinforcing components of smoking behavior assessed by the WISDM-68 and regional brain volumes. Results suggest that the underlying emotional, cognitive, and sensory processes that drive non-compulsive smoking behaviors may play a larger role in gray matter abnormalities of smokers than smoking exposure or addiction severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Cognitive Neuroscience Systems Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Roberto Cofresí
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Cognitive Neuroscience Systems Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Brett Froeliger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Cognitive Neuroscience Systems Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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10
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Lin W, Zhu L, Lu Y. Association of smoking with brain gray and white matter volume: a Mendelian randomization study. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:4049-4055. [PMID: 37289285 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have found a significant association between smoking and smaller gray matter volume, but this finding was limited by the reverse causality bias and possible confounding factors. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the causal association of smoking with brain gray and white matter volume from a genetic perspective, and to investigate the possible mediators influencing the association. METHODS Smoking initiation (ever being a regular smoker) was used as the primary exposure from the GWAS & Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use in up to 1,232,091 individuals of European descent. Their associations with brain volume were acquired from a recent genome-wide association study of brain imaging phenotypes conducted among 34,298 individuals of the UK Biobank. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted method was applied as the main analysis. Multivariable MR analysis was performed to assess the potential interference of confounding factors on causal effect. RESULTS Genetic liability to smoking initiation was significantly associated with lower gray matter volume (beta, -0.100; 95% CI, -0.156 to -0.043; P=5.23×10-4) but not with white matter volume. Multivariable MR results suggested that the association with lower gray matter volume might be mediated by alcohol drinking. Regarding localized gray matter volume, genetic liability to smoking initiation was associated with lower gray matter volume in left superior temporal gyrus, anterior division and right superior temporal gyrus, posterior division. CONCLUSIONS This MR study supports the association between smoking and lower gray matter volume, and highlights the importance of never smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisheng Zhu
- Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Esmaeilzadeh Kiabani N, Kazemi R, Hadipour AL, Khomami S, Kalloch B, Hlawitschka M. Targeting the insula with transcranial direct current stimulation; A simulation study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 335:111718. [PMID: 37738706 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Insula is considered an important region of the brain in the generation and maintenance of a wide range of psychiatric symptoms, possibly due to being key in fundamental functions such as interoception and cognition in general. Investigating the possibility of targeting this area using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques can open new possibilities to probe the normal and abnormal functioning of the brain and potentially new treatment protocols to alleviate symptoms of different psychiatric disorders. In the current study, COMETS2, a MATLAB based toolbox was used to simulate the magnitude of the current density and electric field in the brain caused by different transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocols to find an optimum montage to target the insula and its 6 subregions for three different current intensities, namely 2, 3, and 4 mA. Frontal and occipital regions were found to be optimal candidate regions.. The results of the current study showed that it is viable to reach the insula and its individual subregions using tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Kazemi
- Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abed L Hadipour
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sanaz Khomami
- Department of Psychology, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Benjamin Kalloch
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Instiute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Germany & Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Hlawitschka
- Faculty of Computer Science and Media, Leipzig University of Applied Science, Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Chen X, Cook R, Filbey FM, Nguyen H, McColl R, Jeon-Slaughter H. Sex Difference in Cigarette-Smoking Status and Its Association with Brain Volumes Using Large-Scale Community-Representative Data. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1164. [PMID: 37626520 PMCID: PMC10452722 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is believed to accelerate age-related neurodegeneration. Despite significant sex differences in both smoking behaviors and brain structures, the active literature is equivocal in parsing out a sex difference in smoking-associated brain structural changes. OBJECTIVE The current study examined subcortical and lateral ventricle gray matter (GM) volume differences among smokers, active, past, and never-smokers, stratified by sex. METHODS The current study data included 1959 Dallas Heart Study (DHS) participants with valid brain imaging data. Stratified by gender, multiple-group comparisons of three cigarette-smoking groups were conducted to test whether there is any cigarette-smoking group differences in GM volumes of the selected regions of interest (ROIs). RESULTS The largest subcortical GM volumetric loss and enlargement of the lateral ventricle were observed among past smokers for both females and males. However, these observed group differences in GM volumetric changes were statistically significant only among males after adjusting for age and intracranial volumes. CONCLUSIONS The study findings suggest a sex difference in lifetime-smoking-associated GM volumetric changes, even after controlling for aging and intracranial volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205, USA; (X.C.); (H.N.)
| | - Riley Cook
- VA North Texas Health Care Service, Dallas, TX 75216, USA;
| | - Francesca M. Filbey
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA;
| | - Hang Nguyen
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205, USA; (X.C.); (H.N.)
| | - Roderick McColl
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Haekyung Jeon-Slaughter
- VA North Texas Health Care Service, Dallas, TX 75216, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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13
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Alotaibi MM, De Marco M, Venneri A. Sex differences in olfactory cortex neuronal loss in aging. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1130200. [PMID: 37323926 PMCID: PMC10265738 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1130200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aging plays a major role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, and impacts neuronal loss. Olfactory dysfunction can be an early alteration heralding the presence of a neurodegenerative disorder in aging. Studying alterations in olfaction-related brain regions might help detection of neurodegenerative diseases at an earlier stage as well as protect individuals from any danger caused by loss of sense of smell. Objective To assess the effect of age and sex on olfactory cortex volume in cognitively healthy participants. Method Neurologically healthy participants were divided in three groups based on their age: young (20-35 years; n = 53), middle-aged (36-65 years; n = 66) and older (66-85 years; n = 95). T1-weighted MRI scans acquired at 1.5 T were processed using SPM12. Smoothed images were used to extract the volume of olfactory cortex regions. Results ANCOVA analyses showed significant differences in volume between age groups in the olfactory cortex (p ≤ 0.0001). In women, neuronal loss started earlier than in men (in the 4th decade of life), while in men more substantial neuronal loss in olfactory cortex regions was detected only later in life. Conclusion Data indicate that age-related reduction in the volume of the olfactory cortex starts earlier in women than in men. The findings suggest that volume changes in olfaction-related brain regions in the aging population deserve further attention as potential proxies of increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M. Alotaibi
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Genomics Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matteo De Marco
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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14
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Abarkan M, Fois GR, Vouillac-Mendoza C, Ahmed SH, Guillem K. Altered neuronal activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex drives nicotine intake escalation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:887-896. [PMID: 36042320 PMCID: PMC10156690 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine addiction develops after prolonged drug use and escalation of drug intake. However, because of difficulties in demonstrating escalation of nicotine use in rats, its underlying neuroadaptations still remain poorly understood. Here we report that access to unusually high doses of nicotine (i.e., from 30 µg to 240 µg/kg/injection) for self-administration precipitated a rapid and robust escalation of nicotine intake and increased the motivation for the drug in rats. This nicotine intake escalation also induced long-lasting changes in vmPFC neuronal activity both before and during nicotine self-administration. Specifically, after escalation of nicotine intake, basal vmPFC neuronal activity increased above pre-escalation and control activity levels, while ongoing nicotine self-administration restored these neuronal changes. Finally, simulation of the restoring effects of nicotine with in vivo optogenetic inhibition of vmPFC neurons caused a selective de-escalation of nicotine self-administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abarkan
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets, UMR, 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Giulia R Fois
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Serge H Ahmed
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Karine Guillem
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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15
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Linli Z, Rolls ET, Zhao W, Kang J, Feng J, Guo S. Smoking is associated with lower brain volume and cognitive differences: A large population analysis based on the UK Biobank. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110698. [PMID: 36528239 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The evidence about the association of smoking with both brain structure and cognitive functions remains inconsistent. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging from the UK Biobank (n = 33,293), we examined the relationships between smoking status, dosage, and abstinence with total and 166 regional brain gray matter volumes (GMV). The relationships between the smoking parameters with cognitive function, and whether this relationship was mediated by brain structure, were then investigated. Smoking was associated with lower total and regional GMV, with the extent depending on the frequency of smoking and on whether smoking had ceased: active regular smokers had the lowest GMV (Cohen's d = -0.362), and former light smokers had a slightly smaller GMV (Cohen's d = -0.060). The smaller GMV in smokers was most evident in the thalamus. Higher lifetime exposure (i.e., pack-years) was associated with lower total GMV (β = -311.84, p = 8.35 × 10-36). In those who ceased smoking, the duration of abstinence was associated with a larger total GMV (β = 139.57, p = 2.36 × 10-08). It was further found that reduced cognitive function was associated with smoker parameters and that the associations were partially mediated by brain structure. This is the largest scale investigation we know of smoking and brain structure, and these results are likely to be robust. The findings are of associations between brain structure and smoking, and in the future, it will be important to assess whether brain structure influences smoking status, or whether smoking influences brain structure, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqiang Linli
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China; School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK; Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Centre for Computational Systems Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Centre for Computational Systems Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Shuixia Guo
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China.
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16
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Brown AA, Upton S, Craig S, Froeliger B. Associations between right inferior frontal gyrus morphometry and inhibitory control in individuals with nicotine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 244:109766. [PMID: 36640686 PMCID: PMC9974751 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hyperdirect pathway - a circuit involved in executing inhibitory control (IC) - is dysregulated among individuals with nicotine dependence. The right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), a cortical input to the hyperdirect circuit, has been shown to be functionally and structurally altered among nicotine-dependent people who smoke. The rIFG is composed of 3 cytoarchitecturally distinct subregions: The pars opercularis, pars triangularis, and pars orbitalis. The present study assessed the relationship between rIFG subregion morphometry and inhibitory control among individuals with nicotine dependence. METHODS Behavioral and magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) data from 127 nicotine-dependent adults who smoke (MFTND = 5.4, ± 1.9; MCPD = 18.3, ± 7.0; Myears = 25.04, ± 11.97) (Mage = 42.9, ± 11.1) were assessed. Brain morphometry was assessed from T1-weighted MRIs using Freesurfer. IC was assessed with a response-inhibition Go/Go/No-Go (GGNG) task and a smoking relapse analog task (SRT). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Vertex-wise analyses revealed that GGNG task scores were positively associated with cortical thickness and volume in the right pars triangularis (cluster-wise p = 0.006, 90% CI = 0.003 - 0.009; cluster-wise p = 0.040, 90% CI = 0.032 - 0.048), and the ability to inhibit ad lib smoking during the SRT was positively associated with cortical thickness in the right pars orbitalis (cluster-wise p = 0.011, 90% CI = 0.007 - 0.015). Our results indicate that cortical thickness of distinct rIFG subregions may serve as biomarkers for unique forms of IC deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Cognitive Neuroscience Systems Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Spencer Upton
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Stephen Craig
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Cognitive Neuroscience Systems Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Brett Froeliger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Cognitive Neuroscience Systems Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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17
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Yang X, Cheng B, Yang J, Cheng S, Pan C, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Liu L, Meng P, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Li C, Chen Y, He D, Wen Y, Jia Y, Liu H, Zhang F. Assessing the interaction effects of brain structure longitudinal changes and life environmental factors on depression and anxiety. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:1227-1238. [PMID: 36416531 PMCID: PMC9875931 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted brain structures and several life environmental factors have been shown to influence depression and anxiety, but their interactions with anxiety and depression remain elusive. Genome-wide association study datasets of 15 brain structure longitudinal changes (N = 15,640) were obtained from the published study. Genotype and phenotype-related data of depression, anxiety, and life environmental factors (including smoking, alcohol drinking, coffee intake, maternal smoking, physical activity, vitamin D, insomnia, sleep duration, and family satisfaction) were collected from UK Biobank. We calculated the polygenic risk scores (PRS) of 15 brain structure changes and then conducted linear regression analyses to explore the interactions of brain structure changes and life environmental factors on depression and anxiety using 15 brain structure change-related PRS, life environmental factors and interactions of them as instrumental variables, and depression score or anxiety score as outcomes. Sex stratification in all analyses was performed to reveal sex-specific differences in the interactions. We found 14 shared interactions related to both depression and anxiety in total sample, such as alcohol drinking × cerebellum white matter 3 (WM; beta = -.003, p = .018 for depression; beta = -003, p = .008 for anxiety) and maternal smoking × nucleus accumbens 2 (beta = .088, p = .002 for depression; beta = .070, p = .008 for anxiety). We also observed sex-specific differences in the interactions, for instance, alcohol drinking × cerebellum WM 3 was negatively associated with depression and anxiety in males (beta = -.004, p = .020 for depression; beta = -.005, p = .002 for anxiety). Our study results reveal the important interactions between brain structure changes and several life environmental factors on depression and anxiety, which may help to explore the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Peilin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun'e Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Pandria N, Athanasiou A, Styliadis C, Terzopoulos N, Mitsopoulos K, Paraskevopoulos E, Karagianni M, Pataka A, Kourtidou-Papadeli C, Makedou K, Iliadis S, Lymperaki E, Nimatoudis I, Argyropoulou-Pataka P, Bamidis PD. Does combined training of biofeedback and neurofeedback affect smoking status, behavior, and longitudinal brain plasticity? Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1096122. [PMID: 36778131 PMCID: PMC9911884 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1096122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Investigations of biofeedback (BF) and neurofeedback (NF) training for nicotine addiction have been long documented to lead to positive gains in smoking status, behavior and to changes in brain activity. We aimed to: (a) evaluate a multi-visit combined BF/NF intervention as an alternative smoking cessation approach, (b) validate training-induced feedback learning, and (c) document effects on resting-state functional connectivity networks (rsFCN); considering gender and degree of nicotine dependence in a longitudinal design. Methods: We analyzed clinical, behavioral, and electrophysiological data from 17 smokers who completed five BF and 20 NF sessions and three evaluation stages. Possible neuroplastic effects were explored comparing whole-brain rsFCN by phase-lag index (PLI) for different brain rhythms. PLI connections with significant change across time were investigated according to different resting-state networks (RSNs). Results: Improvements in smoking status were observed as exhaled carbon monoxide levels, Total Oxidative Stress, and Fageström scores decreased while Vitamin E levels increased across time. BF/NF promoted gains in anxiety, self-esteem, and several aspects of cognitive performance. BF learning in temperature enhancement was observed within sessions. NF learning in theta/alpha ratio increase was achieved across baselines and within sessions. PLI network connections significantly changed across time mainly between or within visual, default mode and frontoparietal networks in theta and alpha rhythms, while beta band RSNs mostly changed significantly after BF sessions. Discussion: Combined BF/NF training positively affects the clinical and behavioral status of smokers, displays benefit in smoking harm reduction, plays a neuroprotective role, leads to learning effects and to positive reorganization of RSNs across time. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02991781.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Pandria
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alkinoos Athanasiou
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charis Styliadis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikos Terzopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mitsopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelos Paraskevopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece,Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Karagianni
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasia Pataka
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Kali Makedou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Iliadis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evgenia Lymperaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Nimatoudis
- Third Department of Psychiatry, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis D. Bamidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece,*Correspondence: Panagiotis D. Bamidis
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19
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Active versus sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an adjunct to varenicline treatment for smoking cessation: Study protocol for a double-blind single dummy randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277408. [PMID: 36480510 PMCID: PMC9731486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a chronic and relapsing disease, with up to 60% of quitters relapsing within the first year. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), targets cortical circuits and acutely reduces craving and withdrawal symptoms among cigarette smokers. However, the efficacy of tDCS as an adjunct to standard smoking cessation treatments has not been studied. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of tDCS in combination with varenicline for smoking cessation. We hypothesize that active tDCS combined with varenicline will improve cessation outcomes compared to sham tDCS combined with varenicline. METHODS This is a double-blind, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial where fifty healthy smokers will be recruited in Toronto, Canada. Participants will be randomized 1:1 to either active tDCS (20 minutes at 2 mA) or sham tDCS (30 seconds at 2 mA, 19 minutes at 0 mA) for 10 daily sessions (2 weeks) plus 5 follow up sessions, occurring every two weeks for 10 weeks. All participants will be given standard varenicline treatment concurrently for the 12-week treatment period. The primary outcome is 30 day continuous abstinence at end of treatment, confirmed with urinary cotinine. Measurements made at each study visit include expired carbon monoxide, self-reported craving and withdrawal. Three magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans will be conducted: two at baseline and one at end of treatment, to assess any functional or structural changes following treatment. DISCUSSION For every two smokers who quit, one life is saved from a tobacco-related mortality. Therefore, it is important to develop new and more effective treatment approaches that can improve and maintain long-term abstinence, in order to decrease the prevalence of tobacco-related deaths and disease. Furthermore, the addition of longitudinal neuroimaging can shed light on neural circuitry changes that might occur as a result of brain stimulation, furthering our understanding of tDCS in addiction treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered with Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03841292 since February 15th 2019 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03841292)-retrospectively registered.
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20
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Sutherland BD, Viera Perez PM, Crooks KE, Flannery JS, Hill-Bowen LD, Riedel MC, Laird AR, Trucco EM, Sutherland MT. The association of amygdala-insula functional connectivity and adolescent e-cigarette use via sleep problems and depressive symptoms. Addict Behav 2022; 135:107458. [PMID: 35998541 PMCID: PMC9730909 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use remains high. Elucidating contributing factors may enhance prevention strategies. Neurobiologically, amygdala-insula resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) has been linked with aspects of sleep, affect, and substance use (SU). As such, we hypothesized that amygdala's rsFC with the insula would be associated with e-cigarette use via sleep problems and/or depression levels. METHODS An adolescent sample (N = 146) completed a rs-fMRI scan at time 1 and self-reports at time 2 (∼15 months later). Given consistent associations between mental health outcomes and the rsFC of the laterobasal amygdala (lbAMY) with the anterior insula, we utilized a seed region (lbAMY) to region of interest (ROI) analysis approach to characterize brain-behavior relationships. Two serial mediation models tested the interrelations between amygdala's rsFC with distinct anterior insula subregions (i.e., ventral insula [vI], dorsal insula [dI]), sleep problems, depression levels, and days of e-cigarette use. RESULTS An indirect effect was observed when considering the lbAMY's rsFC with the vI. Greater rsFC predicted more sleep problems, more sleep problems were linked with greater depressive symptoms, and greater depressive symptoms were associated with more e-cigarette use (indirect effect = 0.08, CI [0.01,0.21]). Indicative of a neurobiological dissociation, a similar indirect effect linking these variables was not observed when considering the lbAMY's rsFC with the dI (indirect effect = 0.03, CI [-0.001,0.10]). CONCLUSIONS These outcomes highlight functional interactions between the amygdala and insula as a neurobiological contributor to sleep problems, depressive symptoms, and ultimately SU thereby suggesting potential intervention points to reduce teen e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katharine E Crooks
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jessica S Flannery
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lauren D Hill-Bowen
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Michael C Riedel
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Elisa M Trucco
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States; Addiction Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Matthew T Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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21
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Hill-Bowen LD, Riedel MC, Salo T, Flannery JS, Poudel R, Laird AR, Sutherland MT. Convergent gray matter alterations across drugs of abuse and network-level implications: A meta-analysis of structural MRI studies. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 240:109625. [PMID: 36115222 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging studies often consider brain alterations linked with substance abuse within the context of individual drugs (e.g., nicotine), while neurobiological theories of addiction emphasize common brain network-level alterations across drug classes. Using emergent meta-analytic techniques, we identified common structural brain alterations across drugs and characterized the functionally-connected networks with which such structurally altered regions interact. METHODS We identified 82 articles characterizing gray matter (GM) volume differences for substance users vs. controls. Using the anatomical likelihood estimation algorithm, we identified convergent GM reductions across drug classes. Next, we performed resting-state and meta-analytic functional connectivity analyses using each structurally altered region as a seed and computed whole-brain functional connectivity profiles as the union of both maps. We characterized an "extended network" by identifying brain areas demonstrating the highest degree of functional coupling with structurally impacted regions. Finally, hierarchical clustering was performed leveraging extended network nodes' functional connectivity profiles to delineate subnetworks. RESULTS Across drug classes, we identified medial frontal/ventromedial prefrontal, and multiple regions in anterior cingulate (ACC) and insula as regions displaying convergent GM reductions among users. Overlap of these regions' functional connectivity profiles identified ACC, inferior frontal, PCC, insula, superior temporal, and putamen as regions of an impacted extended network. Hierarchical clustering revealed 3 subnetworks closely corresponding to default mode (PCC, angular), salience (dACC, caudate), and executive control networks (dlPFC and parietal). CONCLUSIONS These outcomes suggest that substance-related structural brain alterations likely have implications for the functioning of canonical large-scale networks and the perpetuation of substance use and neurocognitive alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren D Hill-Bowen
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Michael C Riedel
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Taylor Salo
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Jessica S Flannery
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ranjita Poudel
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Matthew T Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
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22
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Yip SW, Lichenstein SD, Garrison K, Averill CL, Viswanath H, Salas R, Abdallah CG. Effects of Smoking Status and State on Intrinsic Connectivity. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:895-904. [PMID: 33618016 PMCID: PMC8373998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking behavior during the first 24 hours of a quit attempt is a significant predictor of longer-term abstinence, yet little is known about the neurobiology of early tobacco abstinence. Specifically, the effects of acute tobacco deprivation and reinstatement on brain function-particularly at the level of large-scale network dynamics and assessed across the entire brain-remain incompletely understood. To address this gap, this study used a mixed within- and between-subjects design to assess the effects of smoking status (yes/no smoker) and state (deprived vs. satiated) on whole-brain patterns of intrinsic connectivity. METHODS Participants included 42 tobacco smokers who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging following overnight abstinence (deprived state) and following smoking reinstatement (satiated state, randomized order across participants). Sixty healthy control nonsmokers underwent a single resting-state scan using the same acquisition parameters. Functional connectivity data were analyzed using both a canonical network-of-interest approach and a whole-brain, data-driven approach, i.e., intrinsic connectivity distribution. RESULTS Network-of-interest-based analyses indicated decreased functional connectivity within frontoparietal and salience networks among smokers relative to nonsmokers as well as effects of smoking state on default mode connectivity. In addition, intrinsic connectivity distribution analyses identified novel between-group differences in subcortical-cerebellar and corticocerebellar networks that were largely smoking state dependent. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the importance of considering smoking state and the utility of using both theory- and data-driven analysis approaches. These data provide much-needed insight into the functional neurobiology of early abstinence, which may be used in the development of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah W Yip
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Sarah D Lichenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kathleen Garrison
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christopher L Averill
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Clinical Neurosciences Division, Veterans Administration National Center for PTSD, West Haven, Connecticut; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Humsini Viswanath
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chadi G Abdallah
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Clinical Neurosciences Division, Veterans Administration National Center for PTSD, West Haven, Connecticut; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
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23
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Sutherland BD, Sutherland MT, Trucco EM. Electronic Cigarette Use Intentions Mediate the Association between Low Self-Control and Future Use by Internalizing Symptoms. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1797-1807. [PMID: 36041007 PMCID: PMC9560985 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2115848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Adolescent electronic (e-)cigarette use intentions are related to initiation. Low self-control is also a risk factor for early stages of substance use. Yet, the impact of low self-control on use through intentions may vary across individuals; depression and anxiety may affect this association. Methods: A sample of 200 adolescents who completed waves 1 and 2 of an ongoing longitudinal study were assessed. We hypothesized that high internalizing symptoms would moderate the indirect effect of low self-control on actual e-cigarette use through e-cigarette use intentions. Results: The mediation pathway was significant at high levels of internalizing symptoms, but not at low or moderate levels. Conclusion: Specifically, those with low self-control and high internalizing symptomatology endorsed the highest e-cigarette use intentions and were more likely to subsequently use e-cigarettes. Youth low in self-control and high in depression and anxiety might be at increased risk to initiate e-cigarette use compared to youth high in self-control and high in internalizing symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjelene D. Sutherland
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-1 Rm. 140, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
| | - Matthew T. Sutherland
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-1 Rm. 140, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Elisa M. Trucco
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-1 Rm. 140, Miami, FL, 33199 USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Addiction Center, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Sutherland BD, Fallah-Sohy N, Kopera M, Jakubczyk A, Sutherland MT, Trucco EM. Alexithymia mediates the association between childhood trauma and adolescent E-cigarette use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 236:109500. [PMID: 35623159 PMCID: PMC9384700 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent electronic cigarette use (e-cigarette) is a public health concern and factors associated with vaping remain to be understood. Childhood emotional abuse/neglect is a risk factor for e-cigarettes. Yet, pathways by which trauma impacts use remain unclear. Alexithymia (i.e., difficulties identifying and describing feelings) is one possible link. Indeed, emotional abuse/neglect leads to difficulties identifying and verbalizing emotions. This impairment may lead to distress and promote e-cigarette use as a coping strategy. METHODS Using parallel mediation, this study examined the degree to which alexithymia, assessed using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, mediates the link between emotional abuse/neglect, assessed using the Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen, and e-cigarette use. The sample (n = 166) consisted of adolescents from a larger multi-wave study. RESULTS Emotional abuse/neglect predicted difficulty describing feelings (effect = 0.23, p = 0.001), which in turn predicted e-cigarette use (effect = 0.30, p = 0.004). Moreover, difficulty describing feelings mediated the link between emotional abuse/neglect and e-cigarette use (sum of indirect 95% CI [1.68, 16.48]). Difficulty identifying feelings was not a significant mediator and the externally-oriented thinking subscale was excluded due to low reliability. CONCLUSIONS As e-cigarettes are often used in social contexts, teens who experience difficulty describing feelings may vape as a means of connecting emotionally with others. Moreover, nicotine, found in most e-cigarettes, releases dopamine and noradrenaline in the brain modulating action, learning, and memory processes; plausibly, improving verbalization of emotions. Programming which identifies nuances in alexithymia among adolescents with emotional abuse/neglect could mitigate e-cigarette use or delay initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjelene D. Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University;,Center for Children and Families, Florida International University;,Research Center in Minority Institutions (RCMI); Florida International University
| | - Nilofar Fallah-Sohy
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University;,Center for Children and Families, Florida International University;,Research Center in Minority Institutions (RCMI); Florida International University
| | - Maciej Kopera
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw
| | | | - Matthew T. Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University;,Center for Children and Families, Florida International University;,Research Center in Minority Institutions (RCMI); Florida International University
| | - Elisa M. Trucco
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University;,Center for Children and Families, Florida International University;,Research Center in Minority Institutions (RCMI); Florida International University;,Addiction Center, University of Michigan;,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan
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25
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Massey SH, Estabrook R, Lapping-Carr L, Newmark RL, Decety J, Wisner KL, Wakschlag LS. Are empathic processes mechanisms of pregnancy's protective effect on smoking? Identification of a novel target for preventive intervention. Soc Sci Med 2022; 305:115071. [PMID: 35660692 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous cessation and reduction in smoking by pregnant women suggest that concern about others, or empathy, could be a malleable target for intervention. We examined various empathy-related processes in relations to reported and biochemically assessed smoking during pregnancy. METHODS Participants were 154 pregnant women (M = 12.4 weeks gestation, SD = 4.6) who were smoking cigarettes immediately prior to pregnancy recognition (85 had quit and 69 were still smoking at enrollment). Empathy-related processes were measured with performance-based paradigms (affect sharing, empathic concern, and theory of mind) and a speech sample (expressed emotion). Smoking was assessed with timeline follow back interviews and urine cotinine assays. Using zero-inflated Poisson regression models, we tested direct and interactive effects of empathy-related processes with respect to biologically verified smoking cessation (zero portion); and mean cigarettes/day smoked after pregnancy recognition among persistent smokers (count portion). RESULTS Affect sharing was inversely related to post-recognition cigarettes/day (B(SE) = -0.17(0.07), 95%C.I. -0.30,-0.04, p = .011) and moderated the relationship between pre-recognition smoking and post-recognition smoking consistent with a buffering effect (B(SE) = -.17(0.05); 95%C.I. - 0.28,-0.06; p = .002). Other empathy related processes showed neither direct nor interactive effects on smoking outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Further research is recommended to clarify the role of empathy in pregnancy smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suena H Massey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N Saint Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Ryne Estabrook
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 W Harrison Street, 1018D, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Leiszle Lapping-Carr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rebecca L Newmark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Ave, Suite S-224, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jean Decety
- Department of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5848 South University Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Katherine L Wisner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N Saint Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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26
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Wen Z, Han X, Wang Y, Ding W, Sun Y, Kang Y, Zhou Y, Lei H, Lin F. Sex-Dependent Alterations of Regional Homogeneity in Cigarette Smokers. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:874893. [PMID: 35546937 PMCID: PMC9082268 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.874893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological sex may play a large role in cigarette use and cessation outcomes and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoking is associated with sex-related differences in brain structure and function. However, less is known about sex-specific alterations in spontaneous brain activity in cigarette smokers. In this study, we investigated the sex-related effects of cigarette smoking on local spontaneous brain activity using regional homogeneity (ReHo) based on resting-state fMRI. Fifty-six smokers (24 females) and sixty-three (25 females) healthy non-smoking controls were recruited. Whole-brain voxelwise 2-way analysis of covariance of ReHo was performed to detect brain regions with sex-dependent alterations on the spontaneous brain activity. Compared to non-smokers, smokers exhibited significant ReHo differences in several brain regions, including the right medial orbitofrontal cortex extended to the ventral striatum/amygdala/parahippocampus, left precuneus, and bilateral cerebellum crus. Smoking and sex interaction analysis revealed that male smokers showed significantly lower ReHo in the right ventral striatum, left cerebellum crus1, and left fusiform gyrus compared to male non-smokers, whereas there are no significant differences between female smokers and non-smokers. Furthermore, the ReHo within the left cerebellum crus1 was negatively correlated with craving scores in male smokers but not in female smokers. Such sex-dependent differences in spontaneous brain activity lays a foundation for further understanding the neural pathophysiology of sex-specific effects of nicotine addiction and promoting more effective health management of quitting smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Ding
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Wang C, Zhou C, Guo T, Huang P, Xu X, Zhang M. Association between cigarette smoking and Parkinson’s disease: a neuroimaging study. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2022; 15:17562864221092566. [PMID: 35464739 PMCID: PMC9019319 DOI: 10.1177/17562864221092566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mounting evidence has revealed an inverse association between cigarette smoking and the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Meanwhile, cigarette smoking has been found to be associated with cognitive impairment in PD patients. However, the neural mechanisms of the association between cigarette smoking and PD are not fully understood. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the neural mechanisms of the association between cigarette smoking and PD. Methods: A total of 129 PD patients and 69 controls were recruited from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort, including 39 PD patients with regular smoking history (PD-S), 90 PD patients without regular smoking history (PD-NS), 26 healthy controls with regular smoking history (HC-S), and 43 healthy controls without regular smoking history (HC-NS). Striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding and gray matter (GM) volume of the whole brain were compared among the four groups. Results: PD patients showed significantly reduced striatal DAT binding compared with healthy controls, and HC-S showed significantly reduced striatal DAT binding compared with HC-NS. Moreover, smoking and PD showed a significant interaction effect in the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). PD-S showed reduced GM volume in the left mPFC compared with PD-NS. Conclusion: The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD results in a substantial reduction of the DAT and dopamine levels. Nicotine may act as a stimulant to inhibit the action of striatal DAT, increasing dopamine levels in the synaptic gap. The inverse alteration of dopamine levels between PD and nicotine addiction may be the reason for the inverse association between smoking and the risk of PD. In addition, the mPFC atrophy in PD-S may be associated with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Li J, Liu B, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Frouin V, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Artiges E, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Jiang T. Orbitofrontal cortex volume links polygenic risk for smoking with tobacco use in healthy adolescents. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1175-1182. [PMID: 32878661 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking remains one of the leading causes of preventable illness and death and is heritable with complex underpinnings. Converging evidence suggests a contribution of the polygenic risk for smoking to the use of tobacco and other substances. Yet, the underlying brain mechanisms between the genetic risk and tobacco smoking remain poorly understood. METHODS Genomic, neuroimaging, and self-report data were acquired from a large cohort of adolescents from the IMAGEN study (a European multicenter study). Polygenic risk scores (PGRS) for smoking were calculated based on a genome-wide association study meta-analysis conducted by the Tobacco and Genetics Consortium. We examined the interrelationships among the genetic risk for smoking initiation, brain structure, and the number of occasions of tobacco use. RESULTS A higher smoking PGRS was significantly associated with both an increased number of occasions of tobacco use and smaller cortical volume of the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Furthermore, reduced cortical volume within this cluster correlated with greater tobacco use. A subsequent path analysis suggested that the cortical volume within this cluster partially mediated the association between the genetic risk for smoking and the number of occasions of tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide the first evidence for the involvement of the OFC in the relationship between smoking PGRS and tobacco use. Future studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying tobacco smoking should consider the mediation effect of the related neural structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, 05405 Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 'Neuroimaging & Psychiatry', University Paris-Saclay, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 'Neuroimaging & Psychiatry', University Paris-Saclay, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Psychiatry Department 91G16, Orsay Hospital, Orsay, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- PONS Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 East Zhongguancun Road, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
- The Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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29
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Cai Z, Wang P, Liu B, Zou Y, Wu S, Tian J, Dan G, Ma J, Wu G, Zhang J, Huang B. To explore the mechanism of tobacco addiction using structural and functional MRI: a preliminary study of the role of the cerebellum-striatum circuit. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:834-842. [PMID: 34606038 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that the striatum and the cerebellum played important roles in nicotine dependence, respectively. In heavy smokers, however, the effect of resting-state functional connectivity of cerebellum-striatum circuits in nicotine dependence remained unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of the circuit between the striatum and the cerebellum in addiction in heavy smokers using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The grey matter volume differences and the resting-state functional connectivity differences in cerebellum-striatum circuits were investigated between 23 heavy smokers and 23 healthy controls. The cigarette dependence in heavy smokers and healthy controls were evaluated by using Fagerström Test. Then, we applied mediation analysis to test whether the resting-state functional connectivity between the striatum and the cerebellum mediates the relationship between the striatum morphometry and the nicotine dependence in heavy smokers. Compared with healthy controls, the heavy smokers' grey matter volumes decreased significantly in the cerebrum (bilateral), and increased significantly in the caudate (bilateral). Seed-based resting-state functional connectivity analysis showed significantly higher resting-state functional connectivity among the bilateral caudate, the left cerebellum, and the right middle temporal gyrus in heavy smokers. The cerebellum-striatum resting-state functional connectivity fully mediated the relationship between the striatum morphometry and the nicotine dependence in heavy smokers. Heavy smokers showed abnormal interactions and functional connectivity between the striatum and the cerebellum, which were associated with the striatum morphometry and nicotine dependence. Such findings could provide new insights into the neural correlates of nicotine dependence in heavy smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyou Cai
- Medical AI Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Room 508, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Panying Wang
- Radiology Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bihua Liu
- Medical AI Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Room 508, Shenzhen, China
- Radiology Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujian Zou
- Medical AI Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Room 508, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songxiong Wu
- Radiology Department, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Junru Tian
- Radiology Department, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Guo Dan
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinting Ma
- Medical AI Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Room 508, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangyao Wu
- Radiology Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen, China.
- Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Bingsheng Huang
- Medical AI Lab, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Room 508, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen, China.
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30
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Whitsel N, Reynolds CA, Buchholz EJ, Pahlen S, Pearce RC, Hatton SN, Elman JA, Gillespie NA, Gustavson DE, Puckett OK, Dale AM, Eyler LT, Fennema-Notestine C, Hagler DJ, Hauger RL, McEvoy LK, McKenzie R, Neale MC, Panizzon MS, Sanderson-Cimino M, Toomey R, Tu XM, Williams MKE, Bell T, Xian H, Lyons MJ, Kremen WS, Franz CE. Long-term associations of cigarette smoking in early mid-life with predicted brain aging from mid- to late life. Addiction 2022; 117:1049-1059. [PMID: 34605095 PMCID: PMC8904283 DOI: 10.1111/add.15710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Smoking is associated with increased risk for brain aging/atrophy and dementia. Few studies have examined early associations with brain aging. This study aimed to measure whether adult men with a history of heavier smoking in early mid-life would have older than predicted brain age 16-28 years later. DESIGN Prospective cohort observational study, utilizing smoking pack years data from average age 40 (early mid-life) predicting predicted brain age difference scores (PBAD) at average ages 56, 62 (later mid-life) and 68 years (early old age). Early mid-life alcohol use was also evaluated. SETTING Population-based United States sample. PARTICIPANTS/CASES Participants were male twins of predominantly European ancestry who served in the United States military between 1965 and 1975. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) began at average age 56. Subsequent study waves included most baseline participants; attrition replacement subjects were added at later waves. MEASUREMENTS Self-reported smoking information was used to calculate pack years smoked at ages 40, 56, 62, and 68. MRIs were processed with the Brain-Age Regression Analysis and Computation Utility software (BARACUS) program to create PBAD scores (chronological age-predicted brain age) acquired at average ages 56 (n = 493; 2002-08), 62 (n = 408; 2009-14) and 68 (n = 499; 2016-19). FINDINGS In structural equation modeling, age 40 pack years predicted more advanced age 56 PBAD [β = -0.144, P = 0.012, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.257, -0.032]. Age 40 pack years did not additionally predict PBAD at later ages. Age 40 alcohol consumption, but not a smoking × alcohol interaction, predicted more advanced PBAD at age 56 (β = -0.166, P = 0.001, 95% CI = -0.261, -0.070) with additional influences at age 62 (β = -0.115, P = 0.005, 95% CI = -0.195, -0.036). Age 40 alcohol did not predict age 68 PBAD. Within-twin-pair analyses suggested some genetic mechanism partially underlying effects of alcohol, but not smoking, on PBAD. CONCLUSIONS Heavier smoking and alcohol consumption by age 40 appears to predict advanced brain aging by age 56 in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Whitsel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chandra A Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Erik J Buchholz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shandell Pahlen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Rahul C Pearce
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sean N Hatton
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy A Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A Gillespie
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel E Gustavson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Olivia K Puckett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donald J Hagler
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard L Hauger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Linda K McEvoy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ruth McKenzie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael C Neale
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark Sanderson-Cimino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rosemary Toomey
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xin M Tu
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mc Kenna E Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Bell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, St Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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Weng JC, Chuang YC, Zheng LB, Lee MS, Ho MC. Assessment of brain connectome alterations in male chronic smokers using structural and generalized q-sampling MRI. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1761-1775. [PMID: 35294980 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An association has been shown between chronic cigarette smoking and structural abnormalities in the brain areas related to several functions relevant to addictive behavior. However, few studies have focused on the structural alternations of chronic smoking by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Also, it remains unclear how structural alternations are associated with tobacco-dependence severity and the positive/negative outcome expectances. The q-sampling imaging (GQI) is an advanced diffusion MRI technique that can reconstruct more precise and consistent images of complex oriented fibers than other methods. We aimed to use GQI to evaluate the impact of the neurological structure caused by chronic smoking. Sixty-seven chronic smokers and 43 nonsmokers underwent a MRI scan. The tobacco dependence severity and the positive/negative outcome expectancies were assessed via self-report. We used GQI with voxel-based statistical analysis (VBA) to evaluate structural brain and connectivity abnormalities. Graph theoretical analysis (GTA) and network-based statistical (NBS) analysis were also performed to identify the structural network differences among groups. Chronic smokers had smaller GM and WM volumes in the bilateral frontal lobe and bilateral frontal region. The GM/WM volumes correlated with dependence severity and outcome expectancies in the brain areas involving high-level functions. Chronic smokers had shape changes in the left hippocampal head and tail and the inferior brain stem. Poorer WM integrity in chronic smokers was found in the left middle frontal region, the right superior fronto-occipital fasciculus, the right temporal region, the left parahippocampus, the left anterior internal capsule, and the right inferior parietal region. WM integrity correlated with dependence severity and outcome expectancies in brain areas involving high-level functions. Chronic smokers had decreased local segregation and global integration among the brain regions and networks. Our results provide further evidence indicating that chronic smoking may be associated with brain structure and connectivity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Cheng Weng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, 33302, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 33302, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 61363, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chuang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, 33302, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 10051, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Bang Zheng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, 33302, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shih Lee
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, 40201, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, 40201, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chou Ho
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, 40201, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Clinical Psychological Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, 40201, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec. 1, Chien-Kuo N. Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Kim DY, Jang Y, Heo DW, Jo S, Kim HC, Lee JH. Electronic Cigarette Vaping Did Not Enhance the Neural Process of Working Memory for Regular Cigarette Smokers. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:817538. [PMID: 35250518 PMCID: PMC8894252 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.817538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) as substitute devices for regular tobacco cigarettes (r-cigs) have been increasing in recent times. We investigated neuronal substrates of vaping e-cigs and smoking r-cigs from r-cig smokers. Methods Twenty-two r-cig smokers made two visits following overnight smoking cessation. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired while participants watched smoking images. Participants were then allowed to smoke either an e-cig or r-cig until satiated and fMRI data were acquired. Their craving levels and performance on the Montreal Imaging Stress Task and a 3-back alphabet/digit recognition task were obtained and analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were identified by comparing the abstained and satiated conditions. Neuronal activation within ROIs was regressed on the craving and behavioral data separately. Results Craving was more substantially reduced by smoking r-cigs than by vaping e-cigs. The response time (RT) for the 3-back task was significantly shorter following smoking r-cigs than following vaping e-cigs (interaction: F (1, 17) = 5.3, p = 0.035). Neuronal activations of the right vermis (r = 0.43, p = 0.037, CI = [-0.05, 0.74]), right caudate (r = 0.51, p = 0.015, CI = [0.05, 0.79]), and right superior frontal gyrus (r = −0.70, p = 0.001, CI = [−0.88, −0.34]) were significantly correlated with the RT for the 3-back task only for smoking r-cigs. Conclusion Our findings suggest that insufficient satiety from vaping e-cigs for r-cigs smokers may be insignificant effect on working memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Youl Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Yujin Jang
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da-Woon Heo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungman Jo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Chul Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jong-Hwan Lee,
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The neurobiology of drug addiction: cross-species insights into the dysfunction and recovery of the prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:276-291. [PMID: 34408275 PMCID: PMC8617203 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A growing preclinical and clinical body of work on the effects of chronic drug use and drug addiction has extended the scope of inquiry from the putative reward-related subcortical mechanisms to higher-order executive functions as regulated by the prefrontal cortex. Here we review the neuroimaging evidence in humans and non-human primates to demonstrate the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in emotional, cognitive, and behavioral alterations in drug addiction, with particular attention to the impaired response inhibition and salience attribution (iRISA) framework. In support of iRISA, functional and structural neuroimaging studies document a role for the prefrontal cortex in assigning excessive salience to drug over non-drug-related processes with concomitant lapses in self-control, and deficits in reward-related decision-making and insight into illness. Importantly, converging insights from human and non-human primate studies suggest a causal relationship between drug addiction and prefrontal insult, indicating that chronic drug use causes the prefrontal cortex damage that underlies iRISA while changes with abstinence and recovery with treatment suggest plasticity of these same brain regions and functions. We further dissect the overlapping and distinct characteristics of drug classes, potential biomarkers that inform vulnerability and resilience, and advancements in cutting-edge psychological and neuromodulatory treatment strategies, providing a comprehensive landscape of the human and non-human primate drug addiction literature as it relates to the prefrontal cortex.
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OUP accepted manuscript. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:4386-4396. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Precision Preventive Medicine of Relapse in Smoking Cessation: Can MRI Inform the Search of Intermediate Phenotypes? BIOLOGY 2021; 11:biology11010035. [PMID: 35053034 PMCID: PMC8773102 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Addiction to tobacco is a serious health and economical problem because it is one of the most addictive and the most consumed substance in the world. Although well documented, and despite the desire of numerous smokers to quit, maintenance of abstinence is a daily challenge for most of them. The heterogeneity in achieving this maintenance raises the question of potential differences in brain reactivity. An emerging field of research has been interested in brain markers helping to identify individuals who are the most likely to relapse. Using brain imaging techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), one can hope it will be possible to offer tailored care for each patient. Abstract Chronic tobacco smoking remains a major health problem worldwide. Numerous smokers wish to quit but most fail, even if they are helped. The possibility of identifying neuro-biomarkers in smokers at high risk of relapse could be of incredible progress toward personalized prevention therapy. Our aim is to provide a scoping review of this research topic in the field of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and to review the studies that investigated if MRI defined markers predicted smoking cessation treatment outcome (abstainers versus relapsers). Based on the available literature, a meta-analysis could not be conducted. We thus provide an overview of the results obtained and take stock of methodological issues that will need to be addressed to pave the way toward precision medicine. Based on the most consistent findings, we discuss the pivotal role of the insula in light of the most recent neurocognitive models of addiction.
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Spilling CA, Dhillon MPK, Burrage DR, Ruickbie S, Baker EH, Barrick TR, Jones PW. Factors affecting brain structure in smoking-related diseases: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259375. [PMID: 34739504 PMCID: PMC8570465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in brain structure and cognitive decline occur in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). They also occur with smoking and coronary artery disease (CAD), but it is unclear whether a common mechanism is responsible. Methods Brain MRI markers of brain structure were tested for association with disease markers in other organs. Where possible, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group markers within organ systems into composite markers. Univariate relationships between brain structure and the disease markers were explored using hierarchical regression and then entered into multivariable regression models. Results 100 participants were studied (53 COPD, 47 CAD). PCA identified two brain components: brain tissue volumes and white matter microstructure, and six components from other organ systems: respiratory function, plasma lipids, blood pressure, glucose dysregulation, retinal vessel calibre and retinal vessel tortuosity. Several markers could not be grouped into components and were analysed as single variables, these included brain white matter hyperintense lesion (WMH) volume. Multivariable regression models showed that less well organised white matter microstructure was associated with lower respiratory function (p = 0.028); WMH volume was associated with higher blood pressure (p = 0.036) and higher C-Reactive Protein (p = 0.011) and lower brain tissue volume was associated with lower cerebral blood flow (p<0.001) and higher blood pressure (p = 0.001). Smoking history was not an independent correlate of any brain marker. Conclusions Measures of brain structure were associated with a range of markers of disease, some of which appeared to be common to both COPD and CAD. No single common pathway was identified, but the findings suggest that brain changes associated with smoking-related diseases may be due to vascular, respiratory, and inflammatory changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Spilling
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohani-Preet K Dhillon
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Burrage
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sachelle Ruickbie
- Respiratory Medicine, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma H Baker
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R Barrick
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W Jones
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Finch CE, Haghani A. Gene-Environment Interactions and Stochastic Variations in the Gero-Exposome. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1740-1747. [PMID: 33580247 PMCID: PMC8436990 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited heritability of human life spans suggests an important role for gene-environment (G × E) interactions across the life span (T), from gametes to geronts. Multilevel G × E × T interactions of aging phenotypes are conceptualized in the Gero-Exposome as Exogenous and Endogenous domains. Stochastic variations in the Endogenous domain contribute to the diversity of aging phenotypes, shown for the diversity of inbred Caenorhabditis elegans life spans in the same culture environment, and for variegated gene expression of somatic cells in nematodes and mammals. These phenotypic complexities can be analyzed as 3-way interactions of gene, environment, and stochastic variations, the Tripartite Phenotype of Aging. Single-cell analyses provide tools to explore this broadening frontier of biogerontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Amin Haghani
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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Harper J, Wilson S, Malone SM, Hunt RH, Thomas KM, Iacono WG. Orbitofrontal cortex thickness and substance use disorders in emerging adulthood: causal inferences from a co-twin control/discordant twin study. Addiction 2021; 116:2548-2558. [PMID: 33620763 PMCID: PMC8328872 DOI: 10.1111/add.15447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Research linking orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) structure and substance use disorders (SUDs) is largely correlational and often implies a causal effect of addiction/substance exposure on the brain, but familial risk factors (e.g. genetic liability) may confound these associations. We tested whether associations between alcohol, cannabis and tobacco use disorders and OFC thickness reflected the potential causal effects of familial risk or SUDs-related consequences (e.g. substance exposure). DESIGN A co-twin control/discordant twin design separated familial risk confounding from SUD-related consequences. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS A population-based sample of 436 24-year-old twins (62% monozygotic) from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, USA. MEASUREMENTS Alcohol, cannabis and tobacco use disorders were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module. Cortical thickness of the medial and lateral OFC (mOFC and lOFC, respectively) was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). FINDINGS Lower mOFC (P-values ≤ 0.006) but not lOFC (P-values ≥ 0.190) thickness was observed in diagnosed individuals (n = 185) relative to non-SUD controls (n = 251). Co-twin control analyses offered evidence that mOFC associations were consistent with familial risk across SUDs (between-pair effect: P-values ≤ 0.047) and the independent consequences of having an alcohol or cannabis use disorder (within-pair effect: P-values ≤ 0.024). That is, within alcohol/cannabis discordant twin pairs, affected twins had significantly lower mOFC thickness compared with their unaffected co-twins. CONCLUSIONS A confounder-adjusted analysis of the Minnesota Twin Family Study appeared to indicate that, beyond a substance use disorders general familial risk effect, the experience of an alcohol or cannabis use disorder in emerging adulthood reduces the thickness of the medial orbitofrontal cortex, a region associated with value-guided decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Harper
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
| | - Sylia Wilson
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
| | | | - Ruskin H. Hunt
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
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Association between functional brain alterations and neuropsychological scales in male chronic smokers using resting-state fMRI. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1387-1399. [PMID: 33772331 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Recent studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoking is related to changes in brain structure and function. However, few studies focus on functional brain differences between male chronic smokers and nonsmokers in both local spontaneous activity and whole-brain functional networks. OBJECTIVES Our study recruited 67 chronic smokers and 43 nonsmokers who underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans to investigate functional activity and connectivity alterations in chronic smokers. METHODS We used the mean fractional amplitude of the low-frequency fluctuation (mfALFF) and mean regional homogeneity (mReHo) methods to investigate resting-state spontaneous activity in chronic smokers and nonsmokers. The graph theoretical analysis (GTA) and network-based statistical (NBS) analysis were also used to investigate functional connectivity alterations. RESULTS Compared with nonsmokers, chronic smokers exhibited higher activation in the reward system and portions of the prefrontal cortex but lower activation in the default mode networks (DMN) and visual-related regions. In addition, correlation analysis was conducted to assess the associations between neuroimaging findings and the severity of nicotine dependence or expectations of smoking effects. Our results showed that certain brain regions correlated with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), the positive aspect of the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test Extended (DUDIT-E), and the negative aspect of the DUDIT-E, especially in the attentional control networks and hippocampus. The graph theoretical analysis (GTA) results indicated chronic smokers exhibited a trend toward increased assortativity. Our network-based statistical (NBS) analysis revealed reduced functional connections between the subnetwork in the prefrontal cortex, olfactory cortex, angular gyrus, and cingulate gyrus of chronic smokers. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that chronic smokers have neural adaptations in local spontaneous activity but remain healthy brain functional networks.
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A double-blind randomized clinical trial of high frequency rTMS over the DLPFC on nicotine dependence, anxiety and depression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1640. [PMID: 33452340 PMCID: PMC7810712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) is a widely applied treatment protocol for chronic smoking and major depressive disorder. However, no previous study has measured the effects of rTMS on both nicotine consumption and anxiety/depression in the same volunteers despite the relationship between them. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of 10 daily sessions of HF-rTMS over the L-DLPFC in chronic cigarette smokers' addiction and investigate the possible beneficial effects of this treatment procedure on symptoms of depression and anxiety in the same subjects. The study included 40 treatment-seeking nicotine-dependent cigarette smokers. Onset/duration of smoking, number of cigarettes/day, Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Tobacco Craving Questionnaire-Short Form (TCQ-SF), Hamilton depression and anxiety scales (HAM-D and HAM-A) were recorded. Participants were randomly assigned to the active or the sham treatment group. Those in the active group received 10 trains of 20 Hz stimulation, at 80% of the resting motor threshold (rMT) for 10 consecutive working days over L-DLPFC. Participants were reassessed immediately after treatment, and then 3 months later using all rating scales. There were no differences between active and sham groups at baseline. The cigarette consumption/day, and scores on FTND, and TCQ decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.0001 for each) immediately after treatment. However, improvement persisted to 3 months in the active group but not in the sham group. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in HAM-D and HAM-A scores immediately after treatment in the active but not the sham group. Subjects with a longer history of smoking had a lower percent improvement in FTND (p = 0.005). Our findings revealed that HF-rTMS over L-DLPCF for 10 days reduced cigarette consumption, craving, dependence, and improved associated symptoms of anxiety and depression.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03264755 registered at 29/08/2017.
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Conti AA, Baldacchino AM. Neuroanatomical Correlates of Impulsive Choices and Risky Decision Making in Young Chronic Tobacco Smokers: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:708925. [PMID: 34526922 PMCID: PMC8435625 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.708925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Impairments in the multifaceted neuropsychological construct of cognitive impulsivity are a main feature of chronic tobacco smokers. According to the literature, these cognitive impairments are relevant for the initiation and maintenance of the smoking behavior. However, the neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive impulsivity in chronic smokers remain under-investigated. Methods: A sample of 28 chronic smokers (mean age = 28 years) not affected by polysubstance dependence and 24 matched non-smoker controls was recruited. Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) was employed to assess Gray Matter (GM) volume differences between smokers and non-smokers. The relationships between GM volume and behavioral manifestations of impulsive choices (5 trial adjusting delay discounting task, ADT-5) and risky decision making (Cambridge Gambling Task, CGT) were also investigated. Results: VBM results revealed GM volume reductions in cortical and striatal brain regions of chronic smokers compared to non-smokers. Additionally, smokers showed heightened impulsive choices (p < 0.01, Cohen's f = 0.50) and a riskier decision- making process (p < 0.01, Cohen's f = 0.40) compared to non-smokers. GM volume reductions in the left Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) correlated with impaired impulsive and risky choices, while GM volume reductions in the left Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex (VLPFC) and Caudate correlated with heightened impulsive choices. Reduced GM volume in the left VLPFC correlated with younger age at smoking initiation (mean = 16 years). Conclusion: Smokers displayed significant GM volume reductions and related cognitive impulsivity impairments compared to non-smoker individuals. Longitudinal studies would be required to assess whether these impairments underline neurocognitive endophenotypes or if they are a consequence of tobacco exposure on the adolescent brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Alberto Conti
- Division of Population and Behavioral Science, University of St. Andrews School of Medicine, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Mario Baldacchino
- Division of Population and Behavioral Science, University of St. Andrews School of Medicine, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
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El-Tamawy MS, Darwish MH, Elkholy SH, Moustafa EBS, Abulkassem ST, Khalifa HA. Low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation in subacute ischemic stroke: Number of sessions that altered cortical excitability. NeuroRehabilitation 2020; 47:427-434. [PMID: 33136077 DOI: 10.3233/nre-203156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortical reorganization between both cerebral hemispheres plays an important role in regaining the affected upper extremity motor function post-stroke. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the current study was to investigate the recommended number of contra-lesion low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) sessions that could enhance cortical reorganization post-stroke. METHODS Forty patients with right hemiparetic subacute ischemic stroke with an age range between 50-65 yrs were randomly assigned into two equal groups: control (GA) and study (GB) groups. Both groups were treated with a selected physical therapy program for the upper limb. Sham and real contra-lesion LF-rTMS was conducted for both groups daily for two consecutive weeks. Sequential changes of cortical excitability were calculated by the end of each session. RESULTS The significant enhancement in the cortical excitability was observed at the fourth session in favor of the study group (GB). Sequential rate of change in cortical excitability was significant for the first eight sessions. From the ninth session onwards, no difference could be detected between groups. CONCLUSION The pattern of recovery after stroke is extensive and not all factors could be controlled. Application of LF-rTMS in conjugation with a selected physical therapy program for the upper limb from four to eight sessions seems to be efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moshera H Darwish
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders and its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Saly H Elkholy
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Engy BadrEldin S Moustafa
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders and its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Shimaa T Abulkassem
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Heba A Khalifa
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders and its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
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Chye Y, Mackey S, Gutman BA, Ching CR, Batalla A, Blaine S, Brooks S, Caparelli EC, Cousijn J, Dagher A, Foxe JJ, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Jahanshad N, Kaag AM, Korucuoglu O, Li CR, London ED, Lorenzetti V, Luijten M, Martin‐Santos R, Meda SA, Momenan R, Morales A, Orr C, Paulus MP, Pearlson G, Reneman L, Schmaal L, Sinha R, Solowij N, Stein DJ, Stein EA, Tang D, Uhlmann A, Holst R, Veltman DJ, Verdejo‐Garcia A, Wiers RW, Yücel M, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Garavan H. Subcortical surface morphometry in substance dependence: An ENIGMA addiction working group study. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12830. [PMID: 31746534 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
While imaging studies have demonstrated volumetric differences in subcortical structures associated with dependence on various abused substances, findings to date have not been wholly consistent. Moreover, most studies have not compared brain morphology across those dependent on different substances of abuse to identify substance-specific and substance-general dependence effects. By pooling large multinational datasets from 33 imaging sites, this study examined subcortical surface morphology in 1628 nondependent controls and 2277 individuals with dependence on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, and/or cannabis. Subcortical structures were defined by FreeSurfer segmentation and converted to a mesh surface to extract two vertex-level metrics-the radial distance (RD) of the structure surface from a medial curve and the log of the Jacobian determinant (JD)-that, respectively, describe local thickness and surface area dilation/contraction. Mega-analyses were performed on measures of RD and JD to test for the main effect of substance dependence, controlling for age, sex, intracranial volume, and imaging site. Widespread differences between dependent users and nondependent controls were found across subcortical structures, driven primarily by users dependent on alcohol. Alcohol dependence was associated with localized lower RD and JD across most structures, with the strongest effects in the hippocampus, thalamus, putamen, and amygdala. Meanwhile, nicotine use was associated with greater RD and JD relative to nonsmokers in multiple regions, with the strongest effects in the bilateral hippocampus and right nucleus accumbens. By demonstrating subcortical morphological differences unique to alcohol and nicotine use, rather than dependence across all substances, results suggest substance-specific relationships with subcortical brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Chye
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Scott Mackey
- Departments of Psychiatry University of Vermont Burlington VT USA
| | - Boris A. Gutman
- Biomedical Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA
| | - Christopher R.K. Ching
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Albert Batalla
- Department of Psychiatry University Medical Centre Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Institute of Neuroscience University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Sara Blaine
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Yale University School of Medicine CT USA
| | - Samantha Brooks
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology Liverpool John Moores University L3 3AF Liverpool UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Functional Pharmacology Uppsala University 75240 Sweden
| | - Elisabeth C. Caparelli
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute of Drug Abuse Baltimore MD USA
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Department of Developmental Psychology University of Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alain Dagher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - John J. Foxe
- Department of Neuroscience & The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA
| | - Anna E. Goudriaan
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Quality of Care Arkin Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Anne M. Kaag
- Department of Developmental Psychology University of Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Ozlem Korucuoglu
- Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO USA
| | - Chiang‐Shan R. Li
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Yale University School of Medicine CT USA
| | - Edythe D. London
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine Universityof California at Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences Australian Catholic University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute Radboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Rocio Martin‐Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Institute of Neuroscience University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Shashwath A. Meda
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Hartford Hospital/IOL Hartford CT USA
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Division of Intramural Clinical and BiologicalResearch National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Bethesda MD USA
| | - Angelica Morales
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine Universityof California at Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Catherine Orr
- Departments of Psychiatry University of Vermont Burlington VT USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego CA USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa OK USA
| | - Godfrey Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Yale University School of Medicine CT USA
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health Parkville Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Yale University School of Medicine CT USA
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
- The Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE) New Lambton Heights New South Wales Australia
| | - Dan J. Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Elliot A. Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute of Drug Abuse Baltimore MD USA
| | - Deborah Tang
- McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa
| | - Ruth Holst
- Department of Psychiatry University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Verdejo‐Garcia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Reinout W. Wiers
- Addiction Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) Lab University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital Canada
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry University of Vermont Burlington VT USA
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Wei S, Wang D, Wei G, Wang J, Zhou H, Xu H, Xia L, Tian Y, Dai Q, Zhu R, Wang W, Chen D, Xiu M, Wang L, Zhang XY. Association of cigarette smoking with cognitive impairment in male patients with chronic schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:3409-3416. [PMID: 32757027 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia have higher smoking rates and worse cognitive function than healthy controls. However, there is no consistent conclusion about the relationship between smoking and cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVES The main purpose of this study was to explore the effects of smoking on cognitive function by using MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery (MCCB) in Chinese male patients with schizophrenia. METHODS There were 164 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 82 healthy controls. All subjects were interviewed about smoking status. The cognitive function was assessed by MCCB and Stroop tests. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the clinical symptoms of the patients. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients had lower MCCB scores in all of its domain scores (all p < 0.05). In the patients, the scores of spatial span test (42.3 ± 11.6), digital sequence test (42.9 ± 10.6), and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (42.2 ± 10.1) were lower in smokers than those in nonsmokers (all p < 0.05, effect size: 0.28-0.45). Logistic regression analysis showed that the smoking status of the patients was correlated with digital sequence score (p < 0.05, OR = 1.072, 95%CI: 1.013-1.134). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the spatial span total score (β = - 0.26, t = - 2.74, p < 0.001) was associated with the duration of smoking in patients with schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that smoking patients with chronic schizophrenia exhibit more severe cognitive impairment than nonsmoking patients, especially in working memory and executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuochi Wei
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Gaoxia Wei
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiesi Wang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huixia Zhou
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Luyao Xia
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yang Tian
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qilong Dai
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Dachun Chen
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meihong Xiu
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
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45
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Jao NC, Tan MM, Matthews PA, Simon MA, Schnoll R, Hitsman B. Menthol Cigarettes, Tobacco Dependence, and Smoking Persistence: The Need to Examine Enhanced Cognitive Functioning as a Neuropsychological Mechanism. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:466-472. [PMID: 30551213 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nty264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the overall decline in the prevalence of cigarette use in the United States, menthol cigarette use among smokers is rising, and evidence shows that it may lead to more detrimental effects on public health than regular cigarette use. One of the mechanisms by which nicotine sustains tobacco use and dependence is due to its cognitive enhancing properties, and basic science literature suggests that menthol may also enhance nicotine's acute effect on cognition. AIMS AND METHODS The purpose of this review is to suggest that the cognitive enhancing effects of menthol may be a potentially important neuropsychological mechanism that has yet to be examined. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of basic science studies examining neurobiological and cognitive effects of menthol and menthol cigarette smoking. We also review studies examining menthol essential oils among humans that indicate menthol alone has acute cognitive enhancing properties. Finally, we present factors influencing the rising prevalence of menthol cigarette use among smokers and the importance of this gap in the literature to improve public health and smoking cessation treatment. CONCLUSIONS Despite the compelling evidence for menthol's acute cognitive enhancing and reinforcing effects, this mechanism for sustaining tobacco dependence and cigarette use has yet to be examined and validated among humans. On the basis of the basic science evidence for menthol's neurobiological effects on nicotinic receptors and neurotransmitters, perhaps clarifying menthol's effect on cognitive performance can help to elucidate the complicated literature examining menthol and tobacco dependence. IMPLICATIONS Menthol cigarette use has continued to be a topic of debate among researchers and policy makers, because of its implications for understanding menthol's contribution to nicotine dependence and smoking persistence, as well as its continued use as a prevalent flavoring in tobacco and nicotine products in the United States and internationally. As international tobacco regulation policies have begun to target menthol cigarettes, research studies need to examine how flavoring additives, specifically menthol, may acutely influence neurobiological and cognitive functioning as a potential mechanism of sustained smoking behavior to develop more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy C Jao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Marcia M Tan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Phoenix A Matthews
- Department of Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Melissa A Simon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert Schnoll
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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46
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Elliott ML. MRI-based biomarkers of accelerated aging and dementia risk in midlife: how close are we? Ageing Res Rev 2020; 61:101075. [PMID: 32325150 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The global population is aging, leading to an increasing burden of age-related neurodegenerative disease. Efforts to intervene against age-related dementias in older adults have generally proven ineffective. These failures suggest that a lifetime of brain aging may be difficult to reverse once widespread deterioration has occurred. To test interventions in younger populations, biomarkers of brain aging are needed that index subtle signs of accelerated brain deterioration that are part of the putative pathway to dementia. Here I review potential MRI-based biomarkers that could connect midlife brain aging to later life dementia. I survey the literature with three questions in mind, 1) Does the biomarker index age-related changes across the lifespan? 2) Does the biomarker index cognitive ability and cognitive decline? 3) Is the biomarker sensitive to known risk factors for dementia? I find that while there is preliminary support for some midlife MRI-based biomarkers for accelerated aging, the longitudinal research that would best answer these questions is still in its infancy and needs to be further developed. I conclude with suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell L Elliott
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Suite 030, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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47
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Ferreira A, Coentre R. A systematic review of tobacco use in first-episode psychosis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Lau CI, Liu MN, Chen WH, Walsh V, Wang SJ. Clinical and biobehavioral perspectives: Is medication overuse headache a behavior of dependence? PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 255:371-402. [PMID: 33008514 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Medication overuse headache (MOH), previously known as analgesic abuse headache or medication misuse headaches, is a common form of chronic headache disorder that has a detrimental impact on health and society. Although it has been widely accepted that overusing abortive medications is paradoxically the cause of MOH and drug discontinuation is the treatment of choice, ongoing debates exist as to whether drug consumption per se is the cause or consequence of headache chronification. Certain features in MOH such as their compulsive drug-seeking behavior, withdrawal headaches and high relapse rates share similarities with drug dependence, suggesting that there might be common underlying biological and psychobehavioral mechanisms. In this regard, this article will discuss the updated evidence and current debates on the possible biobehavioral overlap between MOH and drug dependence. To begin with, we will discuss whether MOH has characteristics of substance dependence based on standard psychiatry diagnostic criteria and other widely used dependence scales. Recent epidemiological studies underscoring common psychiatric comorbidities between the two disorders will also be presented. Although both demonstrate seemingly distinct personality traits, recent studies revealed similar decision-making impairment from a cognitive perspective, indicating the presence of a maladaptive reward system in both disorders. In addition, emerging imaging studies also support this notion by showing reversible morphological and functional brain changes related to the mesocorticolimbic reward circuitry in MOH, with a strong resemblance to those in addiction. Finally, an increased familial risk for drug dependence and genetic association with dopaminergic and drug dependence molecular pathways in MOH also support a possible link between MOH and addiction. Understanding the role of dependence in MOH will have a great impact on disease management as this will provide the missing piece of the puzzle in current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ieong Lau
- Dementia Center, Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; University Hospital, Taipa, Macau
| | - Mu-N Liu
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Centre, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Walsh
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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49
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Durazzo TC, Meyerhoff DJ. Cigarette smoking history is associated with poorer recovery in multiple neurocognitive domains following treatment for an alcohol use disorder. Alcohol 2020; 85:135-143. [PMID: 31923562 PMCID: PMC8751294 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in various populations, including those seeking treatment for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study compared the rate and extent of recovery on measures of processing speed, executive functions, general intelligence, visuospatial skills and working memory in treatment-seeking alcohol dependent individuals (ALC) who were never-smokers (nvsALC), former-smoker (fsALC), and active smokers (asALC), over approximately 8 months of abstinence from alcohol. Methods: ALC participants were evaluated at approximately 1 month of abstinence (AP1; n = 132) and reassessed after 8 months of sobriety (AP2; n = 54). Never-smoking controls (CON; n = 33) completed a baseline and follow-up (n = 19) assessment approximately 9 months later. Domains evaluated were executive functions, general intelligence, processing speed, visuospatial skills and working memory; a domain composite was formed from the arithmetic average of the foregoing domains. nvsALC showed greater improvement than fsALC, asALC and CON on most domains over the AP1-AP2 interval. fsALC demonstrated greater recovery than asALC on all domains except visuospatial skills; fsALC also showed greater improvements than CON on general intelligence, working memory and domain composite. asALC did not show significant improvement on any domain over the AP1-AP2 interval. At 8 months of abstinence, asALC were inferior to CON and nvsALC on multiple domains, fsALC performed worse than nvsALC on several domains, but nvsALC were not different from CON on any domain. Our results provide robust evidence that smoking status influenced the rate and extent of neurocognitive recovery between 1 and 8 months of abstinence in this ALC cohort. Chronic smoking in AUD likely contributes to the considerable heterogeneity observed in neurocognitive recovery during extended abstinence. The findings provide additional strong support for the benefits of smoking cessation and the increasing clinical movement to offer smoking cessation resources concurrent with treatment for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Durazzo
- Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Centers, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicinecisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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50
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Associations of cigarette smoking with gray and white matter in the UK Biobank. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1215-1222. [PMID: 32032968 PMCID: PMC7235023 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk for myriad health consequences including cognitive decline and dementia, but research on the link between smoking and brain structure is nascent. In the current study, we assessed the relationship of cigarette smoking with gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in the UK Biobank, controlling for numerous confounding demographic and health variables. We used negative-binomial regression to model the association of cigarette smoking (having ever smoked regularly, cigarettes per day, and duration smoked) with GM and WM (GM N = 19,615; WM N = 17,760), adjusting for confounders. Ever smoked and duration were associated with smaller total GM volume. Ever smoked was associated with reduced volume of the right VIIIa cerebellum and elevated WM hyperintensity volume. Smoking duration was associated with reduced total WM volume. Regarding specific tracts, ever smoked was associated with reduced fractional anisotropy in the left cingulate gyrus part of the cingulum, left posterior thalamic radiation, and bilateral superior thalamic radiation, and increased mean diffusivity in the middle cerebellar peduncle, right medial lemniscus, bilateral posterior thalamic radiation, and bilateral superior thalamic radiation. This study identified significant associations of cigarette exposure with global measures of GM and WM, and select associations of ever smoked, but not cigarettes per day or duration, with specific GM and WM regions. By controlling for important sociodemographic and health confounders, such as alcohol use, this study identifies distinct associations between smoking and brain structure, highlighting potential mechanisms of risk for common neurological sequelae (e.g., dementia).
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