1
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Fuwa M, Kajita K, Mori I, Asano M, Kajita T, Senda T, Inagaki T, Morita H. Mitochondrial fractions located in the cytoplasmic and peridroplet areas of white adipocytes have distinct roles. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1753-1768. [PMID: 38658180 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in white adipocytes (WAs) has not been fully explored. A recent study revealed that brown adipocytes contain functionally distinct mitochondrial fractions, cytoplasmic mitochondria, and peridroplet mitochondria. However, it is not known whether such a functional division of mitochondria exists in WA. Herein, we observed that mitochondria could be imaged and mitochondrial DNA and protein detected in pellets obtained from the cytoplasmic layer and oil layer of WAs after centrifugation. The mitochondria in each fraction were designated as cytoplasmic mitochondria (CMw) and peridroplet mitochondria (PDMw) in WAs, respectively. CMw had higher β-oxidation activity than PDMw, and PDMw was associated with diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2. Therefore, CMw may be involved in β-oxidation and PDMw in droplet expansion in WAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Fuwa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kajita
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Gifu Women's University, Japan
| | - Ichiro Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Motochika Asano
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toshiko Kajita
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takao Senda
- Department of Anatomy, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inagaki
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunnma University, Maebashi-shi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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2
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Li S, Xu R, Yao Y, Rousseau D. ATAD3 is a limiting factor in mitochondrial biogenesis and adipogenesis of white adipocyte-like 3T3-L1 cells. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38923254 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
ATAD3 is a vital ATPase of the inner mitochondrial membrane of pluri-cellular eukaryotes, with largely unknown functions but early required for organism development as necessary for mitochondrial biogenesis. ATAD3 knock-down in C. elegans inhibits at first the development of adipocyte-like intestinal tissue so we used mouse adipocyte model 3T3-L1 cells to analyze ATAD3 functions during adipogenesis and lipogenesis in a mammalian model. ATAD3 function was studied by stable and transient modulation of ATAD3 expression in adipogenesis- induced 3T3-L1 cells using Knock-Down and overexpression strategies, exploring different steps of adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. We show that (i) an increase in ATAD3 is preceding differentiation-induced mitochondrial biogenesis; (ii) downregulation of ATAD3 inhibits adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and impedes overexpression of many mitochondrial proteins; (iii) ATAD3 re-expression rescues the phenotype of ATAD3 KD, and (iv) differentiation and lipogenesis are accelerated by ATAD3 overexpression, but inhibited by expression of a dominant-negative mutant. We further show that the ATAD3 KD phenotype is not due to altered insulin signal but involves a limitation of mitochondrial biogenesis linked to Drp1. These results demonstrate that ATAD3 is limiting for in vitro mitochondrial biogenesis and adipogenesis/lipogenesis and therefore that ATAD3 mutation/over- or under-expression could be involved in adipogenic and lipogenic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuijie Li
- Department of Biology, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Rui Xu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Denis Rousseau
- Department of Biology, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique-Interfaces entre Matériaux et Matière Biologique -Institut National Polytechnique-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Unité Mixte de Recherche, Grenoble, France
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3
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Mathis D, du Toit T, Altinkilic EM, Stojkov D, Urzì C, Voegel CD, Wu V, Zamboni N, Simon HU, Nuoffer JM, Flück CE, Felser A. Mitochondrial dysfunction results in enhanced adrenal androgen production in H295R cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106561. [PMID: 38866189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in steroidogenesis is well established. However, the specific effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on androgen synthesis are not fully understood. In this study, we investigate the effects of various mitochondrial and metabolic inhibitors in H295R adrenal cells and perform a comprehensive analysis of steroid and metabolite profiling. We report that mitochondrial complex I inhibition by rotenone shifts cells toward anaerobic metabolism with a concomitant hyperandrogenic phenotype characterized by rapid stimulation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 2 h) and slower accumulation of androstenedione and testosterone (24 h). Screening of metabolic inhibitors confirmed DHEA stimulation, which included mitochondrial complex III and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibition. Metabolomic studies revealed truncated tricarboxylic acid cycle with an inverse correlation between citric acid and DHEA production as a common metabolic marker of hyperandrogenic inhibitors. The current study sheds light on a direct interplay between energy metabolism and androgen biosynthesis that could be further explored to identify novel molecular targets for efficient treatment of androgen excess disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Mathis
- University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Therina du Toit
- Department for BioMedical Research, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emre Murat Altinkilic
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Darko Stojkov
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Urzì
- University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Magnetic Resonance Methodology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Clarissa D Voegel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincen Wu
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland; PHRT Swiss Multi Omics Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Jean-Marc Nuoffer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christa E Flück
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Felser
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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4
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Chao M, Wang M, Han H, Liu Y, Sun X, Tian T, Pang W, Cai R. Profiling of m 6A methylation in porcine intramuscular adipocytes and unravelling PHKG1 represses porcine intramuscular lipid deposition in an m 6A-dependent manner. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132728. [PMID: 38825295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is mainly determined by intramuscular preadipocyte adipogenesis. Epigenetic modifications are known to have a regulatory effect on IMF. As N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant epigenetic modification in eukaryotic RNAs. In the present study, we used m6A methylation and RNA sequencing (seq) to identify the m6A-modified RNAs associated with the adipogenic differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes. Among them, the expression and m6A level of phosphorylase kinase subunit G1 (PHKG1) were found to be significantly changed during adipogenesis. Further studies revealed that knockdown of the methylase METTL3 decreased the m6A methylation of PHKG1 and led to a reduction in PHKG1. Moreover, knockdown of PHKG1 promoted adipogenic differentiation by upregulating the expression of adipogenic genes. In addition, we found that the IMF content in the longissimus thoracis (LT) of Bamei (BM) pigs was greater than that in Large White (LW) pigs, whereas the m6A and PHKG1 expression levels were lower in BM pigs. These findings indicate that the m6A level and expression of PHKG1 were significantly correlated with IMF content and meat quality. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the mechanism by which m6A modification regulates IMF deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Chao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haozhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Rui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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5
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Zahid A, Abiodun OS, Xie X, Yin F. Lipid changes and molecular mechanism inducing cuproptosis in Cryptocaryon irritans after copper-zinc alloy exposure. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105756. [PMID: 38458693 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Cryptocaryons irritans is a ciliate parasite responsible for cryptocaryoniasis, leading to considerable economic losses in aquaculture. It is typically managed using a copper-zinc alloy (CZA), effectively diminishing C. irritans infection rates while ensuring the safety of aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism underlying cuproptosis induced C. irritans mortality following exposure to CZA remains enigmatic. Therefore, this study delves into assessing the efficacy of CZA, investigate cuproptosis as a potential mechanism of CZA action against C. irritans, and determine the alterations in antioxidant enzymes, peroxidation, and lipid metabolism. The mRNA expression of dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase was upregulated after 40 and 70 min, while aconitase 1 was implicated in cuproptosis following 70 min of CZA exposure. Furthermore, the relative mRNA levels of glutathione reductase experienced a significant increase after 40 and 70 min of CZA exposure. In contrast, the relative mRNA levels of glutathione S-transferase and phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase were significantly decreased after 70 min, suggesting a disruption in antioxidant defense and an imbalance in copper ions. Lipidomics results also unveiled an elevation in glycerophospholipids metabolism and the involvement of the lipoic acid pathway, predominantly contributing to cuproptosis. In summary, exposure to CZA induces cuproptosis in C. irritans, impacts glutathione-related enzymes, and alters glycerophospholipids, consequently triggering lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Zahid
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental (Aquaculture) Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo 315832, PR China
| | - Olaide Saheed Abiodun
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental (Aquaculture) Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo 315832, PR China
| | - Xiao Xie
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental (Aquaculture) Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo 315832, PR China.
| | - Fei Yin
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental (Aquaculture) Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 169 South Qixing Road, Ningbo 315832, PR China.
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6
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Longo M, Zatterale F, Spinelli R, Naderi J, Parrillo L, Florese P, Nigro C, Leone A, Moccia A, Desiderio A, Raciti GA, Miele C, Smith U, Beguinot F. Altered H3K4me3 profile at the TFAM promoter causes mitochondrial alterations in preadipocytes from first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetics. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:144. [PMID: 37679776 PMCID: PMC10486065 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-degree relatives of type 2 diabetics (FDR) exhibit a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and feature subcutaneous adipocyte hypertrophy, independent of obesity. In FDR, adipose cell abnormalities contribute to early insulin-resistance and are determined by adipocyte precursor cells (APCs) early senescence and impaired recruitment into the adipogenic pathway. Epigenetic mechanisms signal adipocyte differentiation, leading us to hypothesize that abnormal epigenetic modifications cause adipocyte dysfunction and enhance T2D risk. To test this hypothesis, we examined the genome-wide histone profile in APCs from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of healthy FDR. RESULTS Sequencing-data analysis revealed 2644 regions differentially enriched in lysine 4 tri-methylated H3-histone (H3K4me3) in FDR compared to controls (CTRL) with significant enrichment in mitochondrial-related genes. These included TFAM, which regulates mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and stability. In FDR APCs, a significant reduction in H3K4me3 abundance at the TFAM promoter was accompanied by a reduction in TFAM mRNA and protein levels. FDR APCs also exhibited reduced mtDNA content and mitochondrial-genome transcription. In parallel, FDR APCs exhibited impaired differentiation and TFAM induction during adipogenesis. In CTRL APCs, TFAM-siRNA reduced mtDNA content, mitochondrial transcription and adipocyte differentiation in parallel with upregulation of the CDKN1A and ZMAT3 senescence genes. Furthermore, TFAM-siRNA significantly expanded hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescence, while H2O2 did not affect TFAM expression. CONCLUSIONS Histone modifications regulate APCs ability to differentiate in mature cells, at least in part by modulating TFAM expression and affecting mitochondrial function. Reduced H3K4me3 enrichment at the TFAM promoter renders human APCs senescent and dysfunctional, increasing T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Longo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Zatterale
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Spinelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Jamal Naderi
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Parrillo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Florese
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Leone
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Augusta Moccia
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Desiderio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Gregory A Raciti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudia Miele
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Ulf Smith
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.
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Dong Y, Vipin VA, Blesson CS, Yallampalli C. Impact of adrenomedullin on mitochondrial respiratory capacity in human adipocyte. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9578. [PMID: 37311963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function in adipocyte is an important aspect in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Our previous observation showed that circulating levels of adrenomedullin (ADM) and mRNA and protein for ADM in omental adipose tissue were higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and these alterations are accompanied by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of ADM on mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in human adipocyte remain elusive. The present study demonstrated that: (1) Increasing doses of glucose and ADM inhibit human adipocyte mRNA expressions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of electron transport chain, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ND) 1 and 2, cytochrome (CYT) b, as well as ATPase 6; (2) ADM significantly increases human adipocyte mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and this increase is reversed by ADM antagonist, ADM22-52, but treatment with ADM does not significantly affect mitochondrial contents in the adipocytes; (3) Adipocyte basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate are dose-dependently suppressed by ADM, thus results in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We conclude that elevated ADM observed in diabetic pregnancy may be involved in glucose and lipid dysregulation through compromising adipocyte mitochondrial function, and blockade of ADM action may improve GDM-related glucose and adipose tissue dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Dong
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vidyadharan Alukkal Vipin
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chellakkan Selvanesan Blesson
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chandrasekhar Yallampalli
- Basic Sciences Perinatology Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Street, Room #1850.34, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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8
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Law SH, Chan HC, Ke GM, Kamatam S, Marathe GK, Ponnusamy VK, Ke LY. Untargeted Lipidomic Profiling Reveals Lysophosphatidylcholine and Ceramide as Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086956. [PMID: 37108120 PMCID: PMC10138920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability and use of numerous cholesterol-lowering drugs, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of mortality globally. Many researchers have focused their effort on identifying modified lipoproteins. However, lipid moieties such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and ceramide (CER) contribute to atherogenic events. LPC and CER both cause endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to fatty acid and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. In addition, they cause immune cells to differentiate into proinflammatory phenotypes. To uncover alternative therapeutic approaches other than cholesterol- and TG-lowering medications, we conducted untargeted lipidomic investigations to assess the alteration of lipid profiles in apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mouse model, with or without feeding a high-fat diet (HFD). Results indicated that, in addition to hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, LPC levels were two to four times higher in apoE-/- mice compared to wild-type mice in C57BL/6 background, regardless of whether they were 8 or 16 weeks old. Sphingomyelin (SM) and CER were elevated three- to five-fold in apoE-/- mice both at the basal level and after 16 weeks when compared to wild-type mice. After HFD treatment, the difference in CER levels elevated more than ten-fold. Considering the atherogenic properties of LPC and CER, they may also contribute to the early onset of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. In summary, the HFD-fed apoE-/- mouse shows elevated LPC and CER contents and is a suitable model for developing LPC- and CER-lowering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hui Law
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Chen Chan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ming Ke
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Swetha Kamatam
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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9
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Dong Y, Vipin VA, Blesson CS, Yallampalli C. Impact of Adrenomedullin on Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Human Adipocyte. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2600140. [PMID: 36945563 PMCID: PMC10029071 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2600140/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
For metabolic homeostasis adequate mitochondrial function in adipocytes is essential. Our previous observation showed that circulating levels of adrenomedullin (ADM) and mRNA and protein for ADM in omental adipose tissue were higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with normal pregnancy, and these alterations are accompanied by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of ADM on mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in human adipocyte remain elusive. In this study we demonstrated that: (1) Increasing doses of glucose and ADM inhibit human adipocyte mRNA expressions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of electron transport chain (ETC), including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ND) 1 and 2, cytochrome (CYT) b, as well as ATPase 6; (2) ADM significantly increases human adipocyte mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and this increase is reversed by ADM antagonist, ADM22-52, but does not significantly affect adipocyte mitochondrial contents; (3) Adipocyte basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) are dose-dependently suppressed by ADM, and results in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We conclude that elevatedADM observed in diabetic pregnancy may be involved in glucose and lipid dysregulation through compromising adipocyte mitochondrial function, and blockade of ADM actions in adipocytes may improve GDM-related metabolic complications.
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10
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Krapf SA, Lund J, Bakke HG, Nyman TA, Bartesaghi S, Peng XR, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH, Kase ET. SENP2 knockdown in human adipocytes reduces glucose metabolism and lipid accumulation, while increases lipid oxidation. Metabol Open 2023; 18:100234. [PMID: 37013149 PMCID: PMC10066554 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is one of the main regulative sites for energy metabolism. Excess lipid storage and expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) is the primary contributor to obesity, a strong predisposing factor for development of insulin resistance. Sentrin-specific protease (SENP) 2 has been shown to play a role in metabolism in murine fat and skeletal muscle cells, and we have previously demonstrated its role in energy metabolism of human skeletal muscle cells. In the present work, we have investigated the impact of SENP2 on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in primary human fat cells by using cultured primary human adipocytes to knock down the SENP2 gene. Glucose uptake and oxidation, as well as accumulation and distribution of oleic acid into complex lipids were decreased, while oleic acid oxidation was increased in SENP2-knockdown cells compared to control adipocytes. Furthermore, lipogenesis was reduced by SENP2-knockdown in adipocytes. Although TAG accumulation relative to total uptake was unchanged, there was increased mRNA expression of metabolically relevant genes such as UCP1 and PPARGC1A and mRNA and proteomic data revealed increased levels of mRNA and proteins related to mitochondrial function by SENP2-knockdown. In conclusion, SENP2 is an important regulator of energy metabolism in primary human adipocytes and its knockdown reduce glucose metabolism and lipid accumulation, while increasing lipid oxidation in human adipocytes.
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Fernandes HJR, Kent JP, Bruntraeger M, Bassett AR, Koulman A, Metzakopian E, Snowden SG. Mitochondrial and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Trigger Triglyceride Accumulation in Models of Parkinson's Disease Independent of Mutations in MAPT. Metabolites 2023; 13:112. [PMID: 36677037 PMCID: PMC9861589 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic basis of Parkinson's disease pathology is poorly understood. However, the involvement of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress in dopamine neurons in disease aetiology is well established. We looked at the effect of rotenone- and tunicamycin-induced mitochondrial and ER stress on the metabolism of wild type and microtubule-associated protein tau mutant dopamine neurons. Dopamine neurons derived from human isolated iPSCs were subjected to mitochondrial and ER stress using RT and TM, respectively. Comprehensive metabolite profiles were generated using a split phase extraction analysed by reversed phase lipidomics whilst the aqueous phase was measured using HILIC metabolomics. Mitochondrial and ER stress were both shown to cause significant dysregulation of metabolism with RT-induced stress producing a larger shift in the metabolic profile of both wild type and MAPT neurons. Detailed analysis showed that accumulation of triglycerides was a significant driver of metabolic dysregulation in response to both stresses in both genotypes. Whilst the consequence is similar, the mechanisms by which triglyceride accumulation occurs in dopamine neurons in response to mitochondrial and ER stress are very different. Thus, improving our understanding of how these mechanisms drive the observed triglyceride accumulation can potentially open up new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo J. R. Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Josh P. Kent
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Andrew R. Bassett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Stuart G. Snowden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, London TW20 0EX, UK
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Chauhan MZ, Chacko JG, Ghaffarieh A, Moulin CM, Pelaez D, Uwaydat SH, Bhattacharya SK. Mitochondrial Triglyceride Dysregulation in Optic Nerves Following Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121885. [PMID: 36551313 PMCID: PMC9775509 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to identify mitochondrial optic nerve (ON) lipid alterations associated with sonication-induced traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). Briefly, a mouse model of indirect TON was generated using sound energy concentrated focally at the entrance of the optic canal using a laboratory sonifier (Branson Digital Sonifier 450, Danbury, CT, USA) with a microtip probe. We performed an analysis of a previously generated dataset from high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We analyzed lipids from isolated mitochondria from the ON at 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days post-sonication compared to non-sonicated controls. Lipid abundance alterations in post-sonicated ON mitochondria were evaluated with 1-way ANOVA (FDR-adjusted significant p-value < 0.01), debiased sparse partial correlation (DSPC) network modeling, and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). We find temporal alterations in triglyceride metabolism are observed in ON mitochondria of mice following sonication-induced optic neuropathy with notable depletions of TG(18:1/18:2/18:2), TG(18:1/18:1/18:1), and TG(16:0/16:0/18:1). Depletion of mitochondrial triglycerides may mediate ON damage in indirect traumatic optic neuropathy through loss energy substrates for neuronal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Z. Chauhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Joseph G. Chacko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Alireza Ghaffarieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Chloe M. Moulin
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sami H. Uwaydat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.U.); (S.K.B.); Tel.: +305-482-4103 (S.K.B.)
| | - Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya
- Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.U.); (S.K.B.); Tel.: +305-482-4103 (S.K.B.)
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Fiserova I, Trinh MD, Elkalaf M, Vacek L, Heide M, Martinkova S, Bechynska K, Kosek V, Hajslova J, Fiser O, Tousek P, Polak J. Isoprenaline modified the lipidomic profile and reduced β-oxidation in HL-1 cardiomyocytes: In vitro model of takotsubo syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:917989. [PMID: 36072861 PMCID: PMC9441769 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.917989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested a pathogenetic link between impaired mitochondria and Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), which is closely connected with catecholamine overstimulation, poor outcomes, and changes in lipid metabolism. We investigated the changes in lipid metabolism at the level of fatty acid β-oxidation and changes in the intracellular lipidomic spectrum. The immortalized cell line of HL-1 cardiomyocytes was used in this study as an established in vitro model of TTS. The cells were exposed to the non-selective β-agonist isoprenaline (ISO) for acute (2 h) and prolonged (24 h) periods. We investigated the impact on mitochondrial adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) production and β-oxidation using real-time cell metabolic analysis, total lipid content, and changes in the lipidomic spectrum using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, modifications of selected lipid transporters were determined using real-time – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or Western blot techniques. By choosing this wide range of targets, we provide a detailed overview of molecular changes in lipid metabolism during catecholamine overstimulation. The present study demonstrates that acute exposure to ISO decreased ATP production by up to 42.2%, and prolonged exposure to ISO decreased β-oxidation by 86.4%. Prolonged exposure to ISO also increased lipid accumulation by 4%. Lipid spectrum analysis of prolonged exposure to ISO showed a reduced concentration of cardioprotective and an increased concentration of lipotoxic lipid molecules during long-term exposure. Decreased lipid utilization can lead to higher intracellular lipid accumulation and the formation of lipotoxic molecules. Changes in the lipid spectrum can induce pathophysiological signaling pathways leading to cardiomyocyte remodeling or apoptosis. Thus, changes in lipid metabolism induced by excessive doses of catecholamines may cause TTS and contribute to a progression of heart failure, which is at increased risk after a TTS episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Fiserova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Cardiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
| | - Minh Duc Trinh
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Cardiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
| | - Moustafa Elkalaf
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Lukas Vacek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marek Heide
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Stanislava Martinkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kamila Bechynska
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vit Kosek
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Fiser
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Tousek
- Department of Cardiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Polak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jan Polak,
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Čater M, Bombek LK. Protective Role of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins against Age-Related Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081473. [PMID: 36009191 PMCID: PMC9404801 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of oxidative damage to DNA and other biomolecules plays an important role in the etiology of aging and age-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is especially sensitive to oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from the accumulation of mtDNA damage impairs normal cellular function and leads to a bioenergetic crisis that accelerates aging and associated diseases. Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction decreases ATP production, which directly affects insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and triggers the gradual development of the chronic metabolic dysfunction that characterizes T2D. At the same time, decreased glucose oxidation in skeletal muscle due to mitochondrial damage leads to prolonged postprandial blood glucose rise, which further worsens glucose homeostasis. ROS are not only highly reactive by-products of mitochondrial respiration capable of oxidizing DNA, proteins, and lipids but can also function as signaling and effector molecules in cell membranes mediating signal transduction and inflammation. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of various tissues can be activated by ROS to protect cells from mitochondrial damage. Mitochondrial UCPs facilitate the reflux of protons from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the matrix, thereby dissipating the proton gradient required for oxidative phosphorylation. There are five known isoforms (UCP1-UCP5) of mitochondrial UCPs. UCP1 can indirectly reduce ROS formation by increasing glutathione levels, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. In contrast, UCP2 and UCP3 regulate fatty acid metabolism and insulin secretion by beta cells and modulate insulin sensitivity. Understanding the functions of UCPs may play a critical role in developing pharmacological strategies to combat T2D. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the protective role of various UCP homologs against age-related oxidative stress in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Čater
- Correspondence: (M.Č.); (L.K.B.); Tel.: +386-2-2345-847 (L.K.B.)
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15
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Mela V, Ruiz-Limón P, Balongo M, Motahari Rad H, Subiri-Verdugo A, Gonzalez-Jimenez A, Soler R, Ocaña L, el Azzouzi H, Tinahones FJ, Valdivielso P, Murri M. Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Obesity-related Hypertriglyceridemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2203-2215. [PMID: 35608825 PMCID: PMC9282366 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia is an alarming worldwide health issue. Mitochondria play a central role in these disorders as they control cell metabolism. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to characterize mitochondrial homeostasis in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (SAT and VAT) in grade III obese patients with and without hypertriglyceridemia. Moreover, this study presents the evaluation of mitochondrial fitness as a marker for hypertriglyceridemia improvement. PATIENTS Eight control and 12 hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) grade III obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anthropometric and biochemical data were obtained before and 3 months after surgery. Mitochondrial homeostasis was evaluated by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), gene expression and protein abundance in SAT and VAT. RESULTS Mitophagy-related gene expression was increased in HTG SAT and VAT, while mitochondrial marker gene expression and mtDNA were decreased, indicating an altered mitochondrial homeostasis in HTG. Mitophagy protein abundance was increased in VAT of those subjects that did not improve their levels of triglycerides after bariatric surgery, whereas mitochondrial protein was decreased in the same tissue. Indeed, triglyceride levels positively correlated with mitophagy-related genes and negatively with mitochondrial content markers. Moreover, mitochondria content and mitophagy markers seem to be significant predictors of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemia remission. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial homeostasis of adipose tissue is altered in hypertriglyceridemic patients. At the protein level, mitochondria content and mitophagy are potential markers of hypertriglyceridemia remission in obese patients after bariatric surgery. These results may contribute to the implementation of a clinical approach for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Mela
- Correspondence: Virginia Mela, PhD, Endocrine Diseases Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), University Hospital of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | | | - Manuel Balongo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hanieh Motahari Rad
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alba Subiri-Verdugo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Rocio Soler
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis Ocaña
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hamid el Azzouzi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3436 HR, Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University ofMalaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Mora Murri
- Mora Murri, PhD, Endocrine Diseases Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), University Hospital of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n 29010 Málaga, Spain.
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16
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Gao Y, Ma K, Kang Y, Liu W, Liu X, Long X, Hayashi T, Hattori S, Mizuno K, Fujisaki H, Ikejima T. Type I collagen reduces lipid accumulation during adipogenesis of preadipocytes 3T3-L1 via the YAP-mTOR-autophagy axis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159181. [PMID: 35595017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cell behavior through signal transduction and provides a suitable place for cell survival. As one of the major components of the extracellular matrix, type I collagen is involved in regulating cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. We present a system in which 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells are induced for adipogenic differentiation on type I collagen coated dishes. Our previous study has found that type I collagen inhibits adipogenic differentiation via YAP activation. Here we further reveal that type I collagen inactivates autophagy by up-regulating mTOR activity via the YAP pathway. Under collagen-coating conditions, co-localization of lysosomes with mTOR was increased and the level of downstream protein p-S6K was elevated, accompanied by a decrease in the level of autophagy. Autophagy is negatively correlated with adipogenesis under type I collagen coating. Through the YAP-autophagy axis, type I collagen improves glycolipid metabolism accompanied by increased mitochondrial content, enhanced glucose uptake, reduced release of free fatty acids (FFAs) and decreased intracellular lipid accumulation. Our findings provide insight into the strategy for dealing with obesity: Type I collagen or the drugs with inhibitory effects on autophagy or YAP, have a potential to accelerate the energy metabolism of adipose tissue, so as to better maintain the homeostasis of glucose and lipids in the body, which can be used for achieving weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyu Long
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakanomachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan; Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China.
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MRP5 and MRP9 play a concerted role in male reproduction and mitochondrial function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2111617119. [PMID: 35121660 PMCID: PMC8832985 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111617119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MRPs) are typically implicated in cancer biology. Here, we show that MRP9 and MRP5 localize to mitochondrial-associated membranes and play a concerted role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and male reproductive fitness. Our work fills in significant gaps in our understanding of MRP9 and MRP5 with wider implications in male fertility. It is plausible that variants in these transporters are associated with male reproductive dysfunction. Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MRPs) are transporters that play critical roles in cancer even though the physiological substrates of these enigmatic transporters are poorly elucidated. In Caenorhabditis elegans, MRP5/ABCC5 is an essential heme exporter because mrp-5 mutants are unviable due to their inability to export heme from the intestine to extraintestinal tissues. Heme supplementation restores viability of these mutants but fails to restore male reproductive deficits. Correspondingly, cell biological studies show that MRP5 regulates heme levels in the mammalian secretory pathway even though MRP5 knockout (KO) mice do not show reproductive phenotypes. The closest homolog of MRP5 is MRP9/ABCC12, which is absent in C. elegans, raising the possibility that MRP9 may genetically compensate for MRP5. Here, we show that MRP5 and MRP9 double KO (DKO) mice are viable but reveal significant male reproductive deficits. Although MRP9 is highly expressed in sperm, MRP9 KO mice show reproductive phenotypes only when MRP5 is absent. Both ABCC transporters localize to mitochondrial-associated membranes, dynamic scaffolds that associate the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Consequently, DKO mice reveal abnormal sperm mitochondria with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and fertilization rates. Metabolomics show striking differences in metabolite profiles in the DKO testes, and RNA sequencing shows significant alterations in genes related to mitochondrial function and retinoic acid metabolism. Targeted functional metabolomics reveal lower retinoic acid levels in the DKO testes and higher levels of triglycerides in the mitochondria. These findings establish a model in which MRP5 and MRP9 play a concerted role in regulating male reproductive functions and mitochondrial sufficiency.
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Fehsel K, Schwanke K, Kappel BA, Fahimi E, Meisenzahl-Lechner E, Esser C, Hemmrich K, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Kojda G, Lange-Asschenfeldt C. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by clozapine induces preadipocyte differentiation and contributes to endothelial dysfunction. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:191-201. [PMID: 34979820 PMCID: PMC8847763 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211055811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The superior therapeutic benefit of clozapine is often associated with metabolic disruptions as obesity, insulin resistance, tachycardia, higher blood pressure, and even hypertension. AIMS These adverse vascular/ metabolic events under clozapine are similar to those caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and clozapine shows structural similarity to well-known ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Therefore, we speculated that the side effects caused by clozapine might rely on AhR signaling. METHODS We examined clozapine-induced AhR activation by luciferase reporter assays in hepatoma HepG2 cells and we proved upregulation of the prototypical AhR target gene Cyp1A1 by realtime-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and enzyme activity. Next we studied the physiological role of AhR in clozapine's effects on human preadipocyte differentiation and on vasodilatation by myography in wild-type and AhR-/- mice. RESULTS In contrast to other antipsychotic drugs (APDs), clozapine triggered AhR activation and Cyp1A1 expression in HepG2 cells and adipocytes. Clozapine induced adipogenesis via AhR signaling. After PGF2α-induced constriction of mouse aortic rings, clozapine strongly reduced the maximal vasorelaxation under acetylcholine in rings from wild-type mice, but only slightly in rings from AhR-/- mice. The reduction was also prevented by pretreatment with the AhR antagonist CH-223191. CONCLUSION Identification of clozapine as a ligand for the AhR opens new perspectives to explain common clozapine therapy-associated adverse effects at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fehsel
- Neurobiochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,K Fehsel, Neurobiochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstrasse 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - K Schwanke
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - BA Kappel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Fahimi
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - E Meisenzahl-Lechner
- Neurobiochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Esser
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - K Hemmrich
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital of the Aachen University of Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Haarmann-Stemmann
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G Kojda
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Lange-Asschenfeldt
- Neurobiochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Schmitt F, Babylon L, Dieter F, Eckert GP. Effects of Pesticides on Longevity and Bioenergetics in Invertebrates-The Impact of Polyphenolic Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413478. [PMID: 34948274 PMCID: PMC8707434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmentally hazardous substances such as pesticides are gaining increasing interest in agricultural and nutritional research. This study aims to investigate the impact of these compounds on the healthspan and mitochondrial functions in an invertebrate in vivo model and in vitro in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, and to investigate the potential of polyphenolic metabolites to compensate for potential impacts. Wild-type nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans, N2) were treated with pesticides such as pyraclostrobin (Pyr), glyphosate (Gly), or fluopyram (Fluo). The lifespans of the nematodes under heat stress conditions (37 °C) were determined, and the chemotaxis was assayed. Energetic metabolites, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactate, and pyruvate, were analyzed in lysates of nematodes and cells. Genetic expression patterns of several genes associated with lifespan determination and mitochondrial parameters were assessed via qRT-PCR. After incubation with environmentally hazardous substances, nematodes were incubated with a pre-fermented polyphenol mixture (Rechtsregulat®Bio, RR) or protocatechuic acid (PCA) to determine heat stress resistance. Treatment with Pyr, Glyph and Fluo leads to dose-dependently decreased heat stress resistance, which was significantly improved by RR and PCA. The chemotaxes of the nematodes were not affected by pesticides. ATP levels were not significantly altered by the pesticides, except for Pyr, which increased ATP levels after 48 h leads. The gene expression of healthspan and mitochondria-associated genes were diversely affected by the pesticides, while Pyr led to an overall decrease of mRNA levels. Over time, the treatment of nematodes leads to a recovery of the nematodes on the mitochondrial level but not on stress resistance on gene expression. Fermented extracts of fruits and vegetables and phenolic metabolites such as PCA seem to have the potential to recover the vitality of C. elegans after damage caused by pesticides.
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Trib1 deficiency causes brown adipose respiratory chain depletion and mitochondrial disorder. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1098. [PMID: 34811364 PMCID: PMC8608845 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tribbles homolog 1 (TRIB1) belongs to the Tribbles family of pseudokinases, which plays a key role in tumorigenesis and inflammation. Although genome-wide analysis shows that TRIB1 expression is highly correlated with blood lipid levels, the relationship between TRIB1 and adipose tissue metabolism remains unclear. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to explore the role of TRIB1 on mitochondrial function in the brown adipose tissue (BAT). Trib1-knockout mice were established using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology. The metabolic function of the BAT was induced by a β3-adrenoceptor agonist and the energy metabolism function of mitochondria in the BAT of mice was evaluated. Trib1-knockout mice exhibited obesity and impaired BAT thermogenesis. In particular, Trib1 knockout reduced the ability of the BAT to maintain body temperature, inhibited β3-adrenoceptor agonist-induced thermogenesis, and accelerated lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissues. In addition, Trib1 knockout reduced mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III activity, produced an imbalance between mitochondrial fusion and fission, caused mitochondrial structural damage and dysfunction, and affected heat production and lipid metabolism in the BAT. Conversely, overexpression of Trib1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased the number of mitochondria and improved respiratory function. These findings support the role of Trib1 in regulating the mitochondrial respiratory chain and mitochondrial dynamics by affecting mitochondrial function and thermogenesis in the BAT.
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21
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Translating the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) knowledge into real-world nutrition strategies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 76:922-928. [PMID: 34675400 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are glycated proteins or lipids derived from complex metabolic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of various diseases, especially diabetes and diabetes-related complications. These compounds are omnipresent in human life, with both endogenous and exogenous sources. Despite the well-elucidated disease mechanisms, little is known about the AGEs/nutrition nexus in the circles of clinical practice recommendations. This review seeks to translate the accumulated knowledge about the biochemistry and pathophysiology of AGEs into a nutritional intervention based on real-world prescriptions.
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22
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Deng H, Ye J. A patient with an enlarged neck and alcohol excess. Assoc Med J 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Kassotis CD, Hoffman K, Phillips AL, Zhang S, Cooper EM, Webster TF, Stapleton HM. Characterization of adipogenic, PPARγ, and TRβ activities in house dust extracts and their associations with organic contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143707. [PMID: 33223163 PMCID: PMC7796983 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we sought to expand our previous research on associations between bioactivities in dust and associated organic contaminants. Dust samples were collected from central NC homes (n = 188), solvent extracted, and split into two fractions, one for analysis using three different bioassays (nuclear receptor activation/inhibition and adipocyte development) and one for mass spectrometry (targeted measurement of 124 organic contaminants, including flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls, perfluoroalkyl substances, pesticides, phthalates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Approximately 80% of dust extracts exhibited significant adipogenic activity at concentrations that are comparable to estimated exposure for children and adults (e.g. ~20 μg/well dust) via either triglyceride accumulation (65%) and/or pre-adipocyte proliferation (50%). Approximately 76% of samples antagonized thyroid receptor beta (TRβ), and 21% activated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Triglyceride accumulation was significantly correlated with TRβ antagonism. Sixty-five contaminants were detected in at least 75% of samples; of these, 26 were correlated with adipogenic activity and ten with TRβ antagonism. Regression models were used to evaluate associations of individual contaminants with adipogenic and TRβ bioactivities, and many individual contaminants were significantly associated. An exploratory g-computation model was used to evaluate the effect of mixtures. Contaminant mixtures were positively associated with triglyceride accumulation, and the magnitude of effect was larger than for any individually measured chemical. For each quartile increase in mixture exposure, triglyceride accumulation increased by 212% (RR = 3.12 and 95% confidence interval: 1.58, 6.17). These results suggest that complex mixtures of chemicals present in house dust may induce adipogenic activity in vitro at environmental concentrations and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Kassotis
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Kate Hoffman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Allison L Phillips
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America; Risk Assessment and Natural Resource Sciences, Arcadis U.S., Inc., Raleigh, NC 27607, United States of America
| | - Sharon Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Ellen M Cooper
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Thomas F Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, United States of America
| | - Heather M Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America.
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24
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Feng L, Wang S, Chen F, Zhang C, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Zhang Z. Hepatic Knockdown of Endothelin Type A Receptor (ETAR) Ameliorates Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Hyperglycemia Through Suppressing p66Shc-Mediated Mitochondrial Fragmentation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:963-981. [PMID: 33688230 PMCID: PMC7936928 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s299570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence from animal studies and clinical trials indicates that systemic inhibition of endothelin1 (ET1) signaling by endothelin receptor antagonists improves pathological features of diabetes and its complications. It is indicated that endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) plays a major role in ET1-mediated pathophysiological actions including diabetic pathology. However, the effects as well as the mechanistic targets of hepatic ET1/ETAR signaling inhibition on the pathology of metabolic diseases remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects as well as the underlying mechanisms of hepatic ETAR knockdown on metabolism abnormalities in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. METHODS Mice were fed a HFD to induce insulin resistance and metabolism abnormalities. L02 cells were treated with ET1 to assess the action of ET1/ETAR signaling in vitro. Liver-selective knockdown of ETAR was achieved by tail vein injection of adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8). Systemic and peripheral metabolism abnormalities were determined in vivo and in vitro. Mitochondrial fragmentation was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and mitoTracker red staining. RESULTS Here we provided in vivo and in vitro evidence to demonstrate that liver-selective knockdown of ETAR effectively ameliorated hepatic insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in HFD-fed mice. Mechanistically, hepatic ETAR knockdown alleviated mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction via inactivating 66-kDa Src homology 2 domain-containing protein (p66Shc) to recover mitochondrial dynamics, which was mediated by inhibiting protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), in the livers of HFD-fed mice. Ultimately, hepatic ETAR knockdown attenuated mitochondria-derived oxidative stress and related liver injuries in HFD-fed mice. These ETAR knockdown-mediated actions were confirmed in ET1-treated L02 cells. CONCLUSION This study defined an ameliorative role of hepatic ETAR knockdown in HFD-induced metabolism abnormalities by alleviating p66Shc-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation and consequent oxidative stress-related disorders and indicated that hepatic ETAR knockdown may be a promising therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songhua Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zifeng Zhang 101 Shanghai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, People’s Republic of ChinaTel + 86 516 83403729 Email
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25
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Rodríguez-Pascau L, Britti E, Calap-Quintana P, Dong YN, Vergara C, Delaspre F, Medina-Carbonero M, Tamarit J, Pallardó FV, Gonzalez-Cabo P, Ros J, Lynch DR, Martinell M, Pizcueta P. PPAR gamma agonist leriglitazone improves frataxin-loss impairments in cellular and animal models of Friedreich Ataxia. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 148:105162. [PMID: 33171227 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), the most common autosomal recessive ataxia, is characterized by degeneration of the large sensory neurons and spinocerebellar tracts, cardiomyopathy, and increased incidence in diabetes. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism of FRDA, driven by a significantly decreased expression of frataxin (FXN), involves increased oxidative stress, reduced activity of enzymes containing iron‑sulfur clusters (ISC), defective energy production, calcium dyshomeostasis, and impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor playing a key role in mitochondrial function and biogenesis, fatty acid storage, energy metabolism, and antioxidant defence. It has been previously shown that the PPARγ/PPARγ coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) pathway is dysregulated when there is frataxin deficiency, thus contributing to FRDA pathogenesis and supporting the PPARγ pathway as a potential therapeutic target. Here we assess whether MIN-102 (INN: leriglitazone), a novel brain penetrant and orally bioavailable PPARγ agonist with an improved profile for central nervous system (CNS) diseases, rescues phenotypic features in cellular and animal models of FRDA. In frataxin-deficient dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, leriglitazone increased frataxin protein levels, reduced neurite degeneration and α-fodrin cleavage mediated by calpain and caspase 3, and increased survival. Leriglitazone also restored mitochondrial membrane potential and partially reversed decreased levels of mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX), resulting in an improvement of mitochondrial functions and calcium homeostasis. In frataxin-deficient primary neonatal cardiomyocytes, leriglitazone prevented lipid droplet accumulation without increases in frataxin levels. Furthermore, leriglitazone improved motor function deficit in YG8sR mice, a FRDA mouse model. In agreement with the role of PPARγ in mitochondrial biogenesis, leriglitazone significantly increased markers of mitochondrial biogenesis in FRDA patient cells. Overall, these results suggest that targeting the PPARγ pathway by leriglitazone may provide an efficacious therapy for FRDA increasing the mitochondrial function and biogenesis that could increase frataxin levels in compromised frataxin-deficient DRG neurons. Alternately, leriglitazone improved the energy metabolism by increasing the fatty acid β-oxidation in frataxin-deficient cardiomyocytes without elevation of frataxin levels. This could be linked to a lack of significant mitochondrial biogenesis and cardiac hypertrophy. The results reinforced the different tissue requirement in FRDA and the pleiotropic effects of leriglitazone that could be a promising therapy for FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Britti
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida. Universitat de Lleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Pablo Calap-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia 46010, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Yi Na Dong
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Fabien Delaspre
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida. Universitat de Lleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Marta Medina-Carbonero
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida. Universitat de Lleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Jordi Tamarit
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida. Universitat de Lleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia 46010, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Gonzalez-Cabo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia 46010, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Ros
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, IRBLleida. Universitat de Lleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - David R Lynch
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marc Martinell
- Minoryx Therapeutics SL., Mataró 08302, Barcelona, Spain; Minoryx Therapeutics BE., Gosselies 6041, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Pilar Pizcueta
- Minoryx Therapeutics SL., Mataró 08302, Barcelona, Spain.
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26
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Herranz-López M, Olivares-Vicente M, Rodríguez Gallego E, Encinar JA, Pérez-Sánchez A, Ruiz-Torres V, Joven J, Roche E, Micol V. Quercetin metabolites from Hibiscus sabdariffa contribute to alleviate glucolipotoxicity-induced metabolic stress in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111606. [PMID: 32738368 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols from Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) alleviate obesity-related metabolic complications but the metabolites responsible for such effects are unknown. We aimed to elucidate which of the potential plasma metabolites from a polyphenol-enriched HS (PEHS) extract contributed for the reversion of glucolipotoxicity-induced metabolic stress using 3T3-L1 adipocyte and INS 832/13 pancreatic β-cell models under glucolipotoxic conditions. PEHS extract, quercetin (Q) and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (Q3GA) showed stronger capacity to decrease glucolipotoxicity-induced ROS generation than ascorbic acid or chlorogenic acid. PEHS extract, Q and Q3GA decreased secretion of cytokines (leptin, TNF-α, IGF-1, IL-6, VEGF, IL-1α, IL-1β and CCL2) and reduced CCL2 expression at transcriptional level. In addition, PEHS extract, Q and Q3GA reduced triglyceride accumulation, which occurred through fatty acid synthase (FASN) downregulation, AMPK activation and mitochondrial mass and biogenesis restoration via PPARα upregulation. Electron microscopy confirmed that PEHS extract and Q3GA decreased mitochondrial remodeling and mitophagy. Virtual screening leads us to postulate that Q and Q3GA might act as agonists of these protein targets at specific sites. These data suggest that Q and Q3GA may be the main responsible compounds for the capacity of PEHS extract to revert glucolipotoxicity-induced metabolic stress through AMPK-mediated decrease in fat storage and increase in fatty acid oxidation, though other compounds of the extract may contribute to this capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Herranz-López
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC). Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, 03202, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Mariló Olivares-Vicente
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC). Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, 03202, Alicante, Spain
| | - Esther Rodríguez Gallego
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC). Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, 03202, Alicante, Spain
| | - Almudena Pérez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC). Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, 03202, Alicante, Spain
| | - Verónica Ruiz-Torres
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC). Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, 03202, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Cirurgia i Medicina, Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- Institute of Bioengineering and Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, University Miguel Hernandez, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain; CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC). Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, 03202, Alicante, Spain; CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), 28220, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Ge M, Fontanesi F, Merscher S, Fornoni A. The Vicious Cycle of Renal Lipotoxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:732. [PMID: 32733268 PMCID: PMC7358947 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is one of the most energy-demanding organs that require abundant and healthy mitochondria to maintain proper function. Increasing evidence suggests a strong association between mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Lipids are not only important sources of energy but also essential components of mitochondrial membrane structures. Dysregulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production lead to compromised mitochondrial lipid utilization, resulting in lipid accumulation and renal lipotoxicity. However, lipotoxicity can be either the cause or the consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Imbalanced lipid metabolism, in turn, can hamper mitochondrial dynamics, contributing to the alteration of mitochondrial lipids and reduction in mitochondrial function. In this review, we summarize the interplay between renal lipotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction, with a focus on glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Ge
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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28
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Ohnuma K, Kishita Y, Nyuzuki H, Kohda M, Ohtsu Y, Takeo S, Asano T, Sato-Miyata Y, Ohtake A, Murayama K, Okazaki Y, Aigaki T. Ski3/TTC37 deficiency associated with trichohepatoenteric syndrome causes mitochondrial dysfunction in Drosophila. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:2168-2181. [PMID: 32294252 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tetratricopeptide repeat protein 37 (TTC37) is a causative gene of trichohepatoenteric syndrome (THES). However, little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease. Here, we characterize the phenotype of a Drosophila model in which ski3, a homolog of TTC37, is disrupted. The mutant flies are pupal lethal, and the pupal lethality is partially rescued by transgenic expression of wild-type ski3 or human TTC37. The mutant larvae show growth retardation, heart arrhythmia, triacylglycerol accumulation, and aberrant metabolism of glycolysis and the TCA cycle. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential and respiratory chain complex activities are significantly reduced in the mutants. Our results demonstrate that ski3 deficiency causes mitochondrial dysfunction, which may underlie the pathogenesis of THES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Ohnuma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-shi, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kishita
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nyuzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Asahimachi, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kohda
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yuta Ohtsu
- Division of Medical Nutrition, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Setagaya-ku, Japan
| | - Satomi Takeo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-shi, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Asano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-shi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sato-Miyata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-shi, Japan
- Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Pediatrics & Clinical Genomics, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Center for Medical Genetics, Chiba Children's Hospital, Midori-ku, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Toshiro Aigaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-shi, Japan
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29
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Choi S, Chung JH, Nam MH, Bang E, Hong KS, Kim YH, Seo JB, Chi SG. Elevated aldolase 1A, retrogene 1 expression induces cardiac apoptosis in rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis model. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:373-382. [PMID: 31999472 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocarditis is an unpredictable heart disease that is caused by inflammation-associated cell death. Although viral infection and drug exposure are known to induce acute myocarditis, the molecular basis for its development remains undefined. Using proteomics and molecular analyses in myosin-induced rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM), we identified that elevated expression of aldolase 1A, retrogene 1 (Aldoart1) is critical to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and acute myocarditis development. Here, we demonstrate that cardiac cell death is associated with increased expressions of proapoptotic genes in addition to high levels of glucose, lactate, and triglyceride in metabolite profiling. The functional protein association network analysis also suggests that Aldoart1 upregulation correlates with high levels of dihydroxyacetone kinase and triglyceride. In H9c2 cardiac cells, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or high glucose exposure significantly increases the cytochrome c release and the conversion of pro-caspase 3 into the cleaved form of caspase 3. We also found that LPS- or glucose-induced toxicities are almost completely reversed by siRNA-mediated knockdown of Aldoartl, which consequently increases cell viability. Together, our study strongly suggests that Aldoart1 may be involved in inducing mitochondrial apoptotic processes and can be a novel therapeutic target to prevent the onset of acute myocarditis or cardiac apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Joo Hee Chung
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Nam
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eunjung Bang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Western Seoul Center, Seoul 03759, Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Hong
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Bioimaging Research Team, Cheongju 28123, Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA
| | - Jong Bok Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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30
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Eum JY, Lee JC, Yi SS, Kim IY, Seong JK, Moon MH. Aging-related lipidomic changes in mouse serum, kidney, and heart by nanoflow ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1618:460849. [PMID: 31928769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aging refers to the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species that damages proteins, DNA, and lipids. As alterations in lipid metabolism may trigger metabolic disorders and the onset of metabolic diseases, changes in lipid profiles can be closely related to aging. In this study, a comprehensive lipidomic comparison between 4- and 25-month-old mice was performed to investigate age-induced changes in the lipid profiles of mouse serum, kidney, and heart using nanoflow ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Quantitative analysis of 279 of the 542 identified lipids revealed significant changes upon aging, mainly showing decreased levels in the three types of samples. Exceptionally, most triacylglycerols showed significant increases in heart tissue. The kidney was influenced more by aging than the serum and heart. The highly abundant lipids in each lipid class with significant decreases (> 2-fold, p < 0.01) were lysophosphatidic acid 18:1, lysophosphatidylinositol 20:4, and ceramide d:18:1/24:0 in serum; lysophosphatidylglycerol 16:0 in heart tissue; and eight phosphatidylethanolamines (20:4, 22:6, 36:2, 36:3, 38:4, 38:5, 38:6, 40:6, and 40:7), two cardiolipins (72:7 and 72:8), and lysophosphatidylcholine 18:0 in kidney tissue. The findings indicate the potential of lipidomic analysis to study characteristic age-related lipid changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yong Eum
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Biomedical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Yong Kim
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, BIO-MAX institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, BIO-MAX institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Lee JH, Park A, Oh KJ, Lee SC, Kim WK, Bae KH. The Role of Adipose Tissue Mitochondria: Regulation of Mitochondrial Function for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194924. [PMID: 31590292 PMCID: PMC6801758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Mitochondria play a key role in maintaining energy homeostasis in metabolic tissues, including adipose tissues. The two main types of adipose tissues are the white adipose tissue (WAT) and the brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT primarily stores excess energy, whereas BAT is predominantly responsible for energy expenditure by non-shivering thermogenesis through the mitochondria. WAT in response to appropriate stimuli such as cold exposure and β-adrenergic agonist undergoes browning wherein it acts as BAT, which is characterized by the presence of a higher number of mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction in adipocytes has been reported to have strong correlation with metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Dysfunction of mitochondria results in detrimental effects on adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, oxidative capacity, and thermogenesis, which consequently lead to metabolic diseases. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial function can be improved by using thiazolidinedione, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, and dietary natural compounds; by performing exercise; and by controlling caloric restriction, thereby maintaining the metabolic homeostasis by inducing adaptive thermogenesis of BAT and browning of WAT. In this review, we focus on and summarize the molecular regulation involved in the improvement of mitochondrial function in adipose tissues so that strategies can be developed to treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Anna Park
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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32
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Morris G, Puri BK, Walker AJ, Maes M, Carvalho AF, Bortolasci CC, Walder K, Berk M. Shared pathways for neuroprogression and somatoprogression in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:862-882. [PMID: 31545987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Activated immune-inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways and consequent mitochondrial aberrations are involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders including major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. They offer independent and shared contributions to pathways underpinning medical comorbidities including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, obesity and cardiovascular disease - herein conceptualized as somatoprogression. This narrative review of human studies aims to summarize relationships between IO&NS pathways, neuroprogression and somatoprogression. Activated IO&NS pathways, implicated in the neuroprogression of psychiatric disorders, affect the pathogenesis of comorbidities including insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, obesity and hypertension, and by inference, metabolic syndrome. These conditions activate IO&NS pathways, exacerbating neuroprogression in psychiatric disorders. The processes whereby proinflammatory cytokines, nitrosative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, NADPH oxidase isoforms, PPARγ inactivation, SIRT1 deficiency and intracellular signalling pathways impact lipid metabolism and storage are considered. Through associations between body mass index, chronic neuroinflammation and FTO expression, activation of IO&NS pathways arising from somatoprogression may contribute to neuroprogression. Early evidence highlights the potential of adjuvants targeting IO&NS pathways for treating somatoprogression and neuroprogression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Basant K Puri
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adam J Walker
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Li S, Chen C, Chai M, Wang J, Yuan B, Gao Y, Jiang H, Zhang J. Identification and Analysis of lncRNAs by Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing in Porcine Preadipocytes Induced by BMP2. Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 158:133-144. [PMID: 31272101 DOI: 10.1159/000501182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can mediate the signaling of R-Smads and regulate different biological functions, including adipocyte differentiation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be involved in many important biological processes, including fat metabolism, as miRNA sponges. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of fat deposition and to provide useful information for the prevention and treatment of lipid-related diseases. lncRNA sequencing was performed to compare and analyze, for the first time, the expression of lncRNAs in BMP2-induced and non-BMP2-induced preadipocytes from Junmu1 pigs. In addition, functional annotation and enrichment analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA target genes were carried out. lncRNAs and mRNAs were compared and analyzed. lncRNAs were identified that may regulate adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. The results give a theoretical basis for further studies on fat deposition mechanisms and provide potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.
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Issara U, Park S, Park S. Determination of Fat Accumulation Reduction by Edible Fatty Acids and Natural Waxes In Vitro. Food Sci Anim Resour 2019; 39:430-445. [PMID: 31304472 PMCID: PMC6612783 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural edible waxes mixed with plant oils, containing high levels of unsaturated
fatty acids (FAs), are known as oleogels. Oleogels are used for replacing
saturated FAs in animal-derived food with unsaturated FAs. However, the health
effects of edible waxes are not yet clearly defined. The purpose of this study
was to investigate the effect of FAs and natural waxes on the adipogenesis in
3T3-L1 cells. The 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated and treated with FAs and
waxes. These FAs [Palmitic acid (PA), Stearic acid (SA), Oleic acid (OA),
Linoleic acid (LA), and Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)] and waxes [beeswax (BW) and
carnauba wax (CW)] were prepared at varying concentrations, and cell toxicity,
triglyceride accumulation, lipid droplets size, and distribution inside of cells
were determined. Adipogenic gene expression including
PPARγ, FASN,
C/EBPα, SREBP-1, and
CPT-1 was determined. Results showed that increasing the
concentration of FAs and waxes led to a decrease in the adipocyte cells
viability and metabolic performance. SA showed the highest level of triglyceride
accumulation (p<0.05), whereas ALA showed the lowest (p<0.05).
Both BW and CW at 3.0 ppm showed significantly higher lipid accumulation than in
the control and other groups (p<0.05). ALA had significantly
downregulated adipogenic gene expression levels, excluding those of
CPT-1, compared to the other treatment groups
(p<0.05). Moreover, BW demonstrated similar adipogenic gene expression
levels as ALA compared to CW. Consequently, ALA and BW may have health benefits
by reducing adipogenesis and can be used in processed meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utthapon Issara
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Suhyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Sungkwon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
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35
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Kassotis CD, Stapleton HM. Endocrine-Mediated Mechanisms of Metabolic Disruption and New Approaches to Examine the Public Health Threat. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:39. [PMID: 30792693 PMCID: PMC6374316 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders are of great societal concern and generate substantial human health care costs globally. Interventions have resulted in only minimal impacts on disrupting this worsening health trend, increasing attention on putative environmental contributors. Exposure to numerous environmental contaminants have, over decades, been demonstrated to result in increased metabolic dysfunction and/or weight gain in cell and animal models, and in some cases, even in humans. There are numerous mechanisms through which environmental contaminants may contribute to metabolic dysfunction, though certain mechanisms, such as activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma or the retinoid x receptor, have received considerably more attention than less-studied mechanisms such as antagonism of the thyroid receptor, androgen receptor, or mitochondrial toxicity. As such, research on putative metabolic disruptors is growing rapidly, as is our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. Concurrent with these advances, new research has evaluated current models of adipogenesis, and new models have been proposed. Only in the last several years have studies really begun to address complex mixtures of contaminants and how these mixtures may disrupt metabolic health in environmentally relevant exposure scenarios. Several studies have begun to assess environmental mixtures from various environments and study the mechanisms underlying their putative metabolic dysfunction; these studies hold real promise in highlighting crucial mechanisms driving observed organismal effects. In addition, high-throughput toxicity databases (ToxCast, etc.) may provide future benefits in prioritizing chemicals for in vivo testing, particularly once the causative molecular mechanisms promoting dysfunction are better understood and expert critiques are used to hone the databases. In this review, we will review the available literature linking metabolic disruption to endocrine-mediated molecular mechanisms, discuss the novel application of environmental mixtures and implications for in vivo metabolic health, and discuss the putative utility of applying high-throughput toxicity databases to answering complex organismal health outcome questions.
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Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant MitoQ Prevents E. coli Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Accumulation of Triacylglycerol and Lipid Droplets Biogenesis in Epithelial Cells. J Lipids 2018; 2018:5745790. [PMID: 30245885 PMCID: PMC6139225 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5745790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on eukaryotic cell could be accompanied by a significant metabolic shift that includes accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) in lipid droplets (LD), ubiquitous organelles associated with fatty acid storage, energy regulation and demonstrated tight spatial and functional connections with mitochondria. The impairment of mitochondrial activity under pathological stimuli has been shown to provoke TAG storage and LD biogenesis. However the potential mechanisms that link mitochondrial disturbances and TAG accumulation are not completely understood. We hypothesize that mitochondrial ROS (mROS) may play a role of a trigger leading to subsequent accumulation of intracellular TAG and LD in response to a bacterial stimulus. Using isolated epithelial cells from the frog urinary bladder, we showed that LPS decreased fatty acids oxidation, enhanced TAG deposition, and promoted LD formation. LPS treatment did not affect the mitochondrial membrane potential but increased cellular ROS production and led to impairment of mitochondrial function as revealed by decreased ATP production and a reduced maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and OCR directed at ATP turnover. The mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant MitoQ at a dose of 25 nM did not prevent LPS-induced alterations in cellular respiration, but, in contrast to nonmitochondrial antioxidant α-tocopherol, reduced the effect of LPS on the generation of ROS, restored the LPS-induced decline of fatty acids oxidation, and prevented accumulation of TAG and LD biogenesis. The data obtained indicate the key signaling role of mROS in the lipid metabolic shift that occurs under the impact of a bacterial pathogen in epithelial cells.
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Silvester AJ, Aseer KR, Yun JW. Ablation of DJ-1 impairs brown fat function in diet-induced obese mice. Biochimie 2018; 154:107-118. [PMID: 30142366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of DJ-1 deficiency on brown adipose tissue (BAT) function in mice. DJ-1 knockout (KO) mouse models and wild-type littermates placed on a normal diet or high-fat diet were utilized to demonstrate the direct consequences of DJ-1 deletion on BAT characteristics, thermogenic ability, lipid metabolism, and microenvironment regulation. Global DJ-1 KO mice had defective brown adipose tissue activity culminating in a profound whitening of BAT. Despite aberrations in inactive BAT associated with greater lipid accretion, decreased sympathetic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced vascularity, and autophagy activation, we found that the body weight and energy balance were unaffected in male mice depleted of DJ-1. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that male DJ-1 KO mice exhibit defects in BAT activity but do not gain more weight, revealing that BAT activity is not necessarily required for predisposing DJ-1 KO mice to obesity. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of DJ-1 in BAT could provide novel insights into the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanikkai Raja Aseer
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea.
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38
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Cruz MM, Lopes AB, Crisma AR, de Sá RCC, Kuwabara WMT, Curi R, de Andrade PBM, Alonso-Vale MIC. Palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) increases oxygen consumption, fatty acid oxidation and ATP content in white adipocytes. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:55. [PMID: 29554895 PMCID: PMC5859716 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have recently demonstrated that palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) increases lipolysis, glucose uptake and glucose utilization for energy production in white adipose cells. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that palmitoleic acid modulates bioenergetic activity in white adipocytes. Methods For this, 3 T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated into mature adipocytes in the presence (or absence) of palmitic (16:0) or palmitoleic (16:1n7) acid at 100 or 200 μM. The following parameters were evaluated: lipolysis, lipogenesis, fatty acid (FA) oxidation, ATP content, oxygen consumption, mitochondrial mass, citrate synthase activity and protein content of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. Results Treatment with 16:1n7 during 9 days raised basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, FA incorporation into triacylglycerol (TAG), FA oxidation, oxygen consumption, protein expression of subunits representing OXPHOS complex II, III, and V and intracellular ATP content. These effects were not observed in adipocytes treated with 16:0. Conclusions Palmitoleic acid, by concerted action on lipolysis, FA esterification, mitochondrial FA oxidation, oxygen consumption and ATP content, does enhance white adipocyte energy expenditure and may act as local hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa M Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo, 210, Sao Nicolau St, Diadema, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Andressa B Lopes
- Department of Nursing , Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Amanda R Crisma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta C C de Sá
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo, 210, Sao Nicolau St, Diadema, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Wilson M T Kuwabara
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula B M de Andrade
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria I C Alonso-Vale
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo, 210, Sao Nicolau St, Diadema, 09913-030, Brazil.
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Abstract
Als Lipomatosen bezeichnet man gutartige, meist ohne eindeutige Auslöser auftretende Vermehrungen des Fettgewebes, oft mit typischem Verteilungsmuster. Im Gegensatz zu umschriebenen Lipomen entwickeln sie sich meist diffus-symmetrisch und sind nicht von einer fibrösen Pseudokapsel umgeben. Am häufigsten ist die benigne symmetrische Lipomatose (BSL; Launois-Bensaude-Syndrom), von der aufgrund des Verteilungsmusters des hyperplastischen Fettgewebes vier Typen unterschieden werden. Ätiologie und Pathogenese der Erkrankung sind noch weitgehend unbekannt, wobei manche Formen eine hereditäre Basis zu haben oder mit vermehrtem Alkoholkonsum assoziiert zu sein scheinen. In einigen Fällen wurden mitochondriale Fehlfunktionen nachgewiesen. Lipomatosen können isoliert, aber auch mit Begleitsymptomen oder -erkrankungen (Komorbidität) vergesellschaftet auftreten. Wirksame medikamentöse Therapien sind nicht bekannt; chirurgische Verfahren können hingegen zur Besserung der Symptome führen. Die von der BSL abzugrenzende Lipomatosis dolorosa tritt bevorzugt bei Frauen mittleren Alters auf und ist durch Vermehrung des Fettgewebes sowie starke Schmerzen in den betroffenen Bereichen gekennzeichnet. Verschiedene Differenzialdiagnosen und Begleiterkrankungen sind abzuklären, insbesondere Depressionen. Evidenzbasierte Therapieempfehlungen existieren nicht. Repetitive Lidocain-Infusionen können temporäre Besserungen bewirken; nach chirurgischen Interventionen treten häufig Rezidive auf, allerdings werden auch langfristige Erfolge erzielt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Al Ghazal
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen
| | - Lisa-Lena Grönemeyer
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen
| | - Michael P Schön
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen.,Niedersächsisches Institut für Berufsdermatologie (NIB), Universitätsmedizin Göttingen und Universität Osnabrück
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40
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Al Ghazal P, Grönemeyer LL, Schön MP. Lipomatoses. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018; 16:313-327. [PMID: 29431910 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipomatoses are benign proliferations of adipose tissue, often with typical distribution patterns, which usually occur without clear causes. In contrast to circumscribed lipomas, they develop diffusely and symmetrically and are not surrounded by a fibrous pseudocapsule. The most common form is benign symmetric lipomatosis (BSL; Launois-Bensaude syndrome), of which four types are distinguished based on the distribution pattern of hyperplastic adipose tissue. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are still largely unknown, although some forms appear to have a hereditary basis or to be associated with increased alcohol consumption. In some cases, mitochondrial dysfunctions have been detected. Lipomatoses may be solitary, but may also be associated with other symptoms or illnesses (comorbidity). Effective drug therapies are not known, but surgical procedures can alleviate the symptoms. Lipomatosis dolorosa, which can be distinguished from BSL, occurs predominantly in middle-aged women and is characterized by proliferation of adipose tissue and severe pain in the affected areas. Various differential diagnoses and concomitant illnesses need to be considered, in particular depression. There are no evidence-based recommendations for therapy. Repetitive lidocaine infusions can achieve temporary improvement. Recurrence after surgical intervention is not uncommon, but long-term success is also possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Al Ghazal
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lisa-Lena Grönemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology (NIB), University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany
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41
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Iaffaldano L, Nardelli C, D'Alessio F, D'Argenio V, Nunziato M, Mauriello L, Procaccini C, Maruotti GM, Martinelli P, Matarese G, Pastore L, Del Vecchio L, Labruna G, Sacchetti L. Altered Bioenergetic Profile in Umbilical Cord and Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Newborns of Obese Women. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:199-206. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Iaffaldano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Nardelli
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Valeria D'Argenio
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Nunziato
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università “Parthenope,” Naples, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Procaccini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Maruotti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C.a R.L., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Verma S, Jha E, Panda PK, Thirumurugan A, Parashar SKS, Patro S, Suar M. Mechanistic Insight into Size-Dependent Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Industrial Antibacterial Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles on Colon Cells Because of Reactive Oxygen Species Quenching and Neutral Lipid Alteration. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1244-1262. [PMID: 30023799 PMCID: PMC6044987 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of industrially prepared TiO2 nanoparticles on the biological system by using an in vitro model of colon cancer cell lines (HCT116). Industrial synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles was mimicked on the lab scale by the high-energy ball milling method by milling bulk titanium oxide particles for 5, 10, and 15 h in an ambient environment. The physiochemical characterization by field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and UV-visible spectroscopy revealed alteration in the size and surface charge with respect to increase in the milling time. The size was found to be reduced to 82 ± 14, 66 ± 12, and 42 ± 10 nm in 5, 10, and 15 h milled nano TiO2 from 105 ± 12 nm of bulk TiO2, whereas the zeta potential increased along with the milling time in all biological media. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays performed with HCT116 cell lines by MTT assay, oxidative stress, intracellular lipid analysis, apoptosis, and cell cycle estimation depicted cytotoxicity as a consequence of reactive oxygen species quenching and lipid accumulation, inducing significant apoptosis and genotoxic cytotoxicity. In silico analysis depicted the role of Sod1, Sod2, p53, and VLDR proteins-TiO2 hydrogen bond interaction having a key role in determining the cytotoxicity. The particles exhibited significant antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh
K. Verma
- School
of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, and Kalinga School of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Ealisha Jha
- Department
of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial
University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Pritam Kumar Panda
- School
of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, and Kalinga School of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Arun Thirumurugan
- Advanced
Materials Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty
of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University
of Chile, Av. Beauchef 851, piso 5, Santiago, Chile
| | - S. K. S. Parashar
- School
of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, and Kalinga School of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Shubhransu Patro
- School
of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, and Kalinga School of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School
of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, and Kalinga School of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
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43
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Pollard AK, Ortori CA, Stöger R, Barrett DA, Chakrabarti L. Mouse mitochondrial lipid composition is defined by age in brain and muscle. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:986-998. [PMID: 28325886 PMCID: PMC5391243 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Functionality of the lipid rich mitochondrial organelle declines with increased age. Recent advances in lipidomic technologies allowed us to perform a global characterisation of lipid composition in two different tissue types and age ranges. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry was used to establish and compare mitochondrial lipidomes of brain and skeletal muscle from young (4-11 weeks old) and middle age (78 weeks old) healthy mice. In middle age the brain mitochondria had reduced levels of fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, while skeletal muscle mitochondria had a decreased abundance of phosphatidylethanolamine, but a pronounced increase of triglyceride levels. Reduced levels of phosphatidylethanolamines are known to decrease mitochondrial membrane fluidity and are connected with accelerated ageing. In mitochondria from skeletal muscle we propose that increased age causes a metabolic shift in the conversion of diacylglycerol so that triglycerides predominate compared with phosphatidylethanolamines. This is the first time mitochondrial lipid content in normal healthy mammalian ageing brain and muscle has been catalogued in such detail across all lipid classes. We identify distinct mitochondrial lipid signatures that change with age, revealing tissue-specific lipid pathways as possible targets to ameliorate ageing-related mitochondrial decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K Pollard
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Catharine A Ortori
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Reinhard Stöger
- Division of Animal Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lisa Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
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44
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The high-production volume fungicide pyraclostrobin induces triglyceride accumulation associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, and promotes adipocyte differentiation independent of PPARγ activation, in 3T3-L1 cells. Toxicology 2017; 393:150-159. [PMID: 29127035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyraclostrobin is one of the most heavily used fungicides, and has been detected on a variety of produce, suggesting human exposure occurs regularly. Recently, pyraclostrobin exposure has been linked to a variety of toxic effects, including neurodegeneration and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. As pyraclostrobin inhibits electron transport chain complex III, and as mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with metabolic syndrome (cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, obesity), we designed experiments to test the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction underlies its adipogenic activity. 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated according to standard protocols in the presence of pyraclostrobin, resulting in TG accumulation. However, TG accumulation occurred without activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated nuclear receptor gamma (PPARγ), the canonical pathway mediating adipogenesis. Furthermore, cells failed to express many markers of adipogenesis (PPARγ, lpl, CEBPα), while co-exposure to pyraclostrobin and two different PPARγ antagonists (GW9662, T0070907) failed to mitigate TG accumulation, suggesting TG accumulation occurred through a PPARγ-independent mechanism. Instead, pyraclostrobin reduced steady-state ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential, basal mitochondrial respiration, ATP-linked respiration, and spare respiratory capacity, demonstrating mitochondrial dysfunction, while reduced expression of genes involved in glucose transport (Glut-4), glycolysis (Pkm, Pfkl, Pfkm), fatty acid oxidation (Cpt-1b), and lipogenesis (Fasn, Acacα, Acacβ) further suggested a disruption of metabolism. Finally, inhibition of cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), a PPARγ coactivator, partially mitigated pyraclostrobin-induced TG accumulation, suggesting TG accumulation is occurring through a CREB-driven mechanism. In contrast, rosiglitazone, a known PPARγ agonist, induced TG accumulation in a PPARγ-dependent manner and enhanced mitochondrial function. Collectively, these results suggest pyraclostrobin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction inhibits lipid homeostasis, resulting in TG accumulation. Exposures that disrupt mitochondrial function may have the potential to contribute to the rising incidence of metabolic syndrome, and thus more research is needed to understand the human health impact of pyraclostrobin exposure.
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45
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Kassotis CD, Hoffman K, Stapleton HM. Characterization of Adipogenic Activity of House Dust Extracts and Semi-Volatile Indoor Contaminants in 3T3-L1 Cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8735-8745. [PMID: 28699343 PMCID: PMC5755695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders are of great societal concern and generate significant human health care costs. Recently, attention has focused on the potential for environmental contaminants to act as metabolic disruptors. This study sought to evaluate the adipogenic activity of indoor house dust extracts and a suite of semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) that are often ubiquitously detected in indoor environments. 3T3-L1 cells were exposed to extracts of indoor dust or individual SVOCs and assessed for triglyceride accumulation and preadipocyte proliferation. Ten of 11 house dust extracts exhibited significant triglyceride accumulation and/or proliferation at environmentally relevant levels (<20 μg of dust/well), and significant adipogenic activity was also exhibited by 28 of the SVOCs. Notably, pyraclostrobin, dibutyl phthalate, tert-butyl-phenyl diphenyl phosphate, and the isopropylated triaryl phosphates (ITPs) exhibited near maximal or supra-maximal triglyceride accumulation relative to the rosiglitazone-induced maximum. The adipogenic activity in house dust occurred at concentrations below EPA estimated child exposure levels, and raises concerns for human health impacts, particularly in children. Our results delineate a novel potential health threat and identify putative causative SVOCs that are likely contributing to this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Hoffman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
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46
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Boudalia S, Belloir C, Miller ML, Canivenc-Lavier MC. Early endocrine disruptors exposure acts on 3T3-L1 differentiation and endocrine activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 7:83-89. [PMID: 28752072 PMCID: PMC5524989 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2017.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: Data from last years suggested that early exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs) can predispose newborns to endocrine dysfunction of adipocytes, obesity, and associated disorders. The implication of EDs at low doses on adipocyte development has been poorly investigated. For instance, vinclozolin (V) is a dicarboximide fungicide widely used in agriculture since the 90's, alone or in mixture with genistein (G), an isoflavonoid from Leguminosae. This study aims to identify the effect of vinclozolin alone or with genistein, on adipose tissue properties using cell culture.
Methods: In steroid-free conditions, 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were induced to differentiate in the presence of EDs, singularly or in mixtures, for 2 days. DNA and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured on days 0, 2 and 8 of differentiation. Leptin secretion was measured only on the eighth day.
Results: We show that low doses of G (25 µM) and V (0.1 µM) inhibit pre-adipocytes differentiation. This inhibition has been represented by a decreasing in DNA content (µg/well) and decreasing in TG accumulation (mg/mL) in 3T3-L1 cells. Nevertheless, V increased the anti-adipogenic properties of G.
Conclusion: This study confirms that EDs singularly or in mixtures, introduced during early stages of life, could affect the differentiation and the endocrine activity of adipocytes, and can act as potential factors for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Boudalia
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,Département d'Ecologie et Génie de l'Environnement, Université 8 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algérie.,Laboratoire de Biologie, Eau et Environnement, Université 8 Mai 1945, Guelma, Algérie
| | - Christine Belloir
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Louise Miller
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier
- INRA, UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,CNRS, UMR6265, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000 Dijon, France
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47
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Demine S, Tejerina S, Bihin B, Thiry M, Reddy N, Renard P, Raes M, Jadot M, Arnould T. Mild mitochondrial uncoupling induces HSL/ATGL-independent lipolysis relying on a form of autophagy in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1247-1265. [PMID: 28488768 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by an excessive triacylglycerol accumulation in white adipocytes. Various mechanisms allowing the tight regulation of triacylglycerol storage and mobilization by lipid droplet-associated proteins as well as lipolytic enzymes have been identified. Increasing energy expenditure by inducing a mild uncoupling of mitochondria in adipocytes might represent a putative interesting anti-obesity strategy as it reduces the adipose tissue triacylglycerol content (limiting alterations caused by cell hypertrophy) by stimulating lipolysis through yet unknown mechanisms, limiting the adverse effects of adipocyte hypertrophy. Herein, the molecular mechanisms involved in lipolysis induced by a mild uncoupling of mitochondria in white 3T3-L1 adipocytes were characterized. Mitochondrial uncoupling-induced lipolysis was found to be independent from canonical pathways that involve lipolytic enzymes such as HSL and ATGL. Finally, enhanced lipolysis in response to mitochondrial uncoupling relies on a form of autophagy as lipid droplets are captured by endolysosomal vesicles. This new mechanism of triacylglycerol breakdown in adipocytes exposed to mild uncoupling provides new insights on the biology of adipocytes dealing with mitochondria forced to dissipate energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Demine
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Silvia Tejerina
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoît Bihin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, GIGA-R, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nagabushana Reddy
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Patricia Renard
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Martine Raes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Michel Jadot
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology (URPhyM), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
| | - Thierry Arnould
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), NARILIS (Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, Belgium
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48
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Investigating the Origins of Toxic Response in TiO₂ Nanoparticle-Treated Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7040083. [PMID: 28398241 PMCID: PMC5408175 DOI: 10.3390/nano7040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used in sunscreens, cosmetics and body implants, and this raises toxicity concerns. Although a large number of reports claim that they are safe to use, others claim that they induce reactive oxygen species formation and can be carcinogenic. In this study, the origins of toxic response to TiO2 NPs were investigated by using Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) which provides multidimensional information on the cellular dynamics at single cell level without any requirement for cell fixation. Three cell lines of vein (HUVEC), lung carcinoma (A549) and skin (L929) origin were tested for their toxic response upon exposure to 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg/mL anatase-TiO2 NPs for 24 h. It was demonstrated that the level of toxic response is both cell line and dose-dependent. L929 fibroblasts were the most resistant cell line to oxidative stress whereas in HUVEC and A549, cell lines collagen and lipid deformation were observed, respectively.
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49
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Hypoxia mimetic induces lipid accumulation through mitochondrial dysfunction and stimulates autophagy in murine preadipocyte cell line. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:673-682. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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50
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Liu Z, Qiao Q, Sun Y, Chen Y, Ren B, Liu X. Sesamol ameliorates diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice and suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells via regulating mitochondria-lipid metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food; College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| | - Qinglian Qiao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food; College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| | - Yali Sun
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food; College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food; College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food; College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food; College of Food Science and Engineering; Northwest A&F University; Yangling China
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