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Kober AKMH, Saha S, Ayyash M, Namai F, Nishiyama K, Yoda K, Villena J, Kitazawa H. Insights into the Anti-Adipogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Potentialities of Probiotics against Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1373. [PMID: 38732619 PMCID: PMC11085650 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional foods with probiotics are safe and effective dietary supplements to improve overweight and obesity. Thus, altering the intestinal microflora may be an effective approach for controlling or preventing obesity. This review aims to summarize the experimental method used to study probiotics and obesity, and recent advances in probiotics against obesity. In particular, we focused on studies (in vitro and in vivo) that used probiotics to treat obesity and its associated comorbidities. Several in vitro and in vivo (animal and human clinical) studies conducted with different bacterial species/strains have reported that probiotics promote anti-obesity effects by suppressing the differentiation of pre-adipocytes through immune cell activation, maintaining the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, altering the intestinal microbiota composition, reducing the lipid profile, and regulating energy metabolism. Most studies on probiotics and obesity have shown that probiotics are responsible for a notable reduction in weight gain and body mass index. It also increases the levels of anti-inflammatory adipokines and decreases those of pro-inflammatory adipokines in the blood, which are responsible for the regulation of glucose and fatty acid breakdown. Furthermore, probiotics effectively increase insulin sensitivity and decrease systemic inflammation. Taken together, the intestinal microbiota profile found in overweight individuals can be modified by probiotic supplementation which can create a promising environment for weight loss along enhancing levels of adiponectin and decreasing leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. M. Humayun Kober
- Department of Dairy and Poultry Science, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh;
| | - Sudeb Saha
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
- Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Fu Namai
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Keita Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Yoda
- Technical Research Laboratory, Takanashi Milk Products Co., Ltd., Yokohama 241-0023, Japan;
| | - Julio Villena
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CONICET), Tucuman 4000, Argentina
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan; (F.N.); (K.N.)
- Livestock Immunology Unit, International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
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2
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Singh V, Mahra K, Jung D, Shin JH. Gut Microbes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Associated Comorbidities; Type 2 Diabetes, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), and the Potential of Microbial Therapeutics. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10262-y. [PMID: 38647957 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine anomalies among females of reproductive age, highlighted by hyperandrogenism. PCOS is multifactorial as it can be associated with obesity, insulin resistance, low-grade chronic inflammation, and dyslipidemia. PCOS also leads to dysbiosis by lowering microbial diversity and beneficial microbes, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Akkermenisa, and Bifidobacterium, and by causing a higher load of opportunistic pathogens, such as Escherichia/Shigella, Fusobacterium, Bilophila, and Sutterella. Wherein, butyrate producers and Akkermansia participate in the glucose uptake by inducing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose metabolism, respectively. The abovementioned gut microbes also maintain the gut barrier function and glucose homeostasis by releasing metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and Amuc_1100 protein. In addition, PCOS-associated gut is found to be higher in gut-microbial enzyme β-glucuronidase, causing the de-glucuronidation of conjugated androgen, making it susceptible to reabsorption by entero-hepatic circulation, leading to a higher level of androgen in the circulatory system. Overall, in PCOS, such dysbiosis increases the gut permeability and LPS in the systemic circulation, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the circulatory system, chronic inflammation in the adipose tissue and liver, and oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in the liver. Thus, in women with PCOS, dysbiosis can promote the progression and severity of type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). To alleviate such PCOS-associated complications, microbial therapeutics (probiotics and fecal microbiome transplantation) can be used without any side effects, unlike in the case of hormonal therapy. Therefore, this study sought to understand the mechanistic significance of gut microbes in PCOS and associated comorbidities, along with the role of microbial therapeutics that can ease the life of PCOS-affected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kanika Mahra
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - DaRyung Jung
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
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Tian Z, Zhang X, Yao G, Jin J, Zhang T, Sun C, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Intestinal flora and pregnancy complications: Current insights and future prospects. IMETA 2024; 3:e167. [PMID: 38882493 PMCID: PMC11170975 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the pivotal roles of intestinal microbiota in many physiopathological processes through complex interactions with the host. As a unique period in a woman's lifespan, pregnancy is characterized by changes in hormones, immunity, and metabolism. The gut microbiota also changes during this period and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Consequently, anomalies in the composition and function of the gut microbiota, namely, gut microbiota dysbiosis, can predispose individuals to various pregnancy complications, posing substantial risks to both maternal and neonatal health. However, there are still many controversies in this field, such as "sterile womb" versus "in utero colonization." Therefore, a thorough understanding of the roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in pregnancy and its complications is essential to safeguard the health of both mother and child. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the changes in gut microbiota during pregnancy, its abnormalities in common pregnancy complications, and potential etiological implications. It also explores the potential of gut microbiota in diagnosing and treating pregnancy complications and examines the possibility of gut-derived bacteria residing in the uterus/placenta. Our aim is to expand knowledge in maternal and infant health from the gut microbiota perspective, aiding in developing new preventive and therapeutic strategies for pregnancy complications based on intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- Department of Biology University College London London UK
| | - Guixiang Yao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Jiajia Jin
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Tongxue Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Chunhua Sun
- Department of Health Management Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Geriatrics Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Shandong First Medical University Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan China
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Pheiffer C, Riedel S, Dias S, Adam S. Gestational Diabetes and the Gut Microbiota: Fibre and Polyphenol Supplementation as a Therapeutic Strategy. Microorganisms 2024; 12:633. [PMID: 38674578 PMCID: PMC11051981 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an escalating public health concern due to its association with short- and long-term adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Dysbiosis of microbiota within the gastrointestinal tract has been linked to the development of GDM. Modification of microbiota dysbiosis through dietary adjustments has attracted considerable attention as adjunct strategies to improve metabolic disease. Diets high in fibre and polyphenol content are associated with increased gut microbiota alpha diversity, reduced inflammation and oxidative processes and improved intestinal barrier function. This review explores the potential of fibre and polyphenol supplementation to prevent GDM by investigating their impact on gut microbiota composition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (S.R.); (S.D.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sylvia Riedel
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (S.R.); (S.D.)
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Dias
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (S.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Sumaiya Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
- Diabetes Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
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Lopez-Moreno A, Cerk K, Rodrigo L, Suarez A, Aguilera M, Ruiz-Rodriguez A. Bisphenol A exposure affects specific gut taxa and drives microbiota dynamics in childhood obesity. mSystems 2024; 9:e0095723. [PMID: 38426791 PMCID: PMC10949422 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00957-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative xenobiotic exposure has an environmental and human health impact which is currently assessed under the One Health approach. Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and its potential link with childhood obesity that has parallelly increased during the last decades deserve special attention. It stands during prenatal or early life and could trigger comorbidities and non-communicable diseases along life. Accumulation in the nature of synthetic chemicals supports the "environmental obesogen" hypothesis, such as BPA. This estrogen-mimicking xenobiotic has shown endocrine disruptive and obesogenic effects accompanied by gut microbiota misbalance that is not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to investigate specific microbiota taxa isolated and selected by direct BPA exposure and reveal its role on the overall children microbiota community and dynamics, driving toward specific obesity dysbiosis. A total of 333 BPA-resistant isolated species obtained through culturing after several exposure conditions were evaluated for their role and interplay with the global microbial community. The selected BPA-cultured taxa biomarkers showed a significant impact on alpha diversity. Specifically, Clostridium and Romboutsia were positively associated promoting the richness of microbiota communities, while Intestinibacter, Escherichia-Shigella, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus were negatively associated. Microbial community dynamics and networks analyses showed differences according to the study groups. The normal-weight children group exhibited a more enriched, structured, and connected taxa network compared to overweight and obese groups, which could represent a more resilient community to xenobiotic substances. In this sense, subnetwork analysis generated with the BPA-cultured genera showed a correlation between taxa connectivity and more diverse potential enzymatic BPA degradation capacities.IMPORTANCEOur findings indicate how gut microbiota taxa with the capacity to grow in BPA were differentially represented within differential body mass index children study groups and how these taxa affected the overall dynamics toward patterns of diversity generally recognized in dysbiosis. Community network and subnetwork analyses corroborated the better connectedness and stability profiles for normal-weight group compared to the overweight and obese groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lopez-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- />Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Klara Cerk
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Lourdes Rodrigo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Suarez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita Aguilera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- />Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Alicia Ruiz-Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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6
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Handajani YS, Turana Y, Hengky A, Hamid G, Schroeder-Butterfill E, Kristian K. Probiotics supplementation or probiotic-fortified products on sarcopenic indices in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis from recent randomized controlled trials. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1307762. [PMID: 38370462 PMCID: PMC10873954 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1307762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: A noteworthy correlation was seen between changes in the gut microbiome and sarcopenia in older adults. Along with increasing research on probiotic supplementation for various medical problems, we aimed to obtain evidence and summarize the effect of probiotic supplementation on sarcopenic indices among older adults. Methods: We utilized PubMed, EBSCO, and Proquest, in addition to manual search using synonyms and variation for 'probiotic,' 'sarcopenia,' and 'older adults.' Randomized controlled trials investigated the utilization of probiotics or probiotic-containing products in older adults with sarcopenic indices including muscle mass and strength. The random-effects model was applied to the meta-analysis process. Results: Seven studies were obtained with 733 pooled older adults. Probiotic supplementation resulted in a significant increase of muscle mass with adjusted SMD (Standardized Mean Difference) of 0.962 (95% CI: 0.288 to 1.635, p = 0.049) using till and trim analysis and muscle strength with SMD of 1.037 (95% CI: 0.077 to 1.996, p = 0.03). However, both outcomes were associated with significantly high heterogeneity (I2 = 89.5% and I2 = 89.9%, respectively). Conclusion: When opposed to a placebo, the probiotic treatment improved the amount of muscle and its endurance based on recent evidence, however, further studies should be done with larger samples and targeted populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Suzy Handajani
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuda Turana
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Antoninus Hengky
- Center of Health Research, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Fatima General Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Ketapang, Indonesia
| | - Gabriella Hamid
- Center of Health Research, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Leona Kefamenanu General Hospital, North Central Timor, Indonesia
| | | | - Kevin Kristian
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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7
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Van Syoc EP, Damani J, DiMattia Z, Ganda E, Rogers CJ. The Effects of Bifidobacterium Probiotic Supplementation on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Models and Clinical Evidence. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100137. [PMID: 37923223 PMCID: PMC10831893 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation is a potential therapeutic for metabolic diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but most studies deliver multiple species of bacteria in addition to prebiotics or oral pharmaceuticals. This may contribute to conflicting evidence in existing meta-analyses of probiotics in these populations and warrants a systematic review of the literature to assess the contribution of a single probiotic genus to better understand the contribution of individual probiotics to modulate blood glucose. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies and human randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of Bifidobacterium (BF) probiotic supplementation on markers of glycemia. In a meta-analysis of 6 RCTs, BF supplementation had no effect on fasting blood glucose {FBG; mean difference [MD] = -1.99 mg/dL [95% confidence interval (CI): -4.84, 0.86], P = 0.13}, and there were no subgroup differences between subjects with elevated FBG concentrations and normoglycemia. However, BF supplementation reduced FBG concentrations in a meta-analysis comprised of studies utilizing animal models of obesity, MetS, or T2D [n = 16; MD = -36.11 mg/dL (CI: -49.04, -23.18), P < 0.0001]. Translational gaps from animal to human trials include paucity of research in female animals, BF supplementation in subjects that were normoglycemic, and lack of methodologic reporting regarding probiotic viability and stability. More research is necessary to assess the effects of BF supplementation in human subjects with elevated FBG concentrations. Overall, there was consistent evidence of the efficacy of BF probiotics to reduce elevated FBG concentrations in animal models but not clinical trials, suggesting that BF alone may have minimal effects on glycemic control, may be more effective when combined with multiple probiotic species, or may be more effective in conditions of hyperglycemia rather than elevated FBG concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Van Syoc
- Dual-Title Ph.D Program in Integrative & Biomedical Physiology and Clinical & Translational Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; The One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Janhavi Damani
- The Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Integrative and Biomedical Physiology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Zachary DiMattia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Erika Ganda
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; The One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Connie J Rogers
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
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8
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Lagoumintzis G, Patrinos GP. Triangulating nutrigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics toward personalized nutrition and healthy living. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:109. [PMID: 38062537 PMCID: PMC10704648 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00561-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique physiological and genetic characteristics of individuals influence their reactions to different dietary constituents and nutrients. This notion is the foundation of personalized nutrition. The field of nutrigenetics has witnessed significant progress in understanding the impact of genetic variants on macronutrient and micronutrient levels and the individual's responsiveness to dietary intake. These variants hold significant value in facilitating the development of personalized nutritional interventions, thereby enabling the effective translation from conventional dietary guidelines to genome-guided nutrition. Nevertheless, certain obstacles could impede the extensive implementation of individualized nutrition, which is still in its infancy, such as the polygenic nature of nutrition-related pathologies. Consequently, many disorders are susceptible to the collective influence of multiple genes and environmental interplay, wherein each gene exerts a moderate to modest effect. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that diseases emerge because of the intricate interplay between genetic predisposition and external environmental influences. In the context of this specific paradigm, the utilization of advanced "omic" technologies, including epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiome analysis, in conjunction with comprehensive phenotyping, has the potential to unveil hitherto undisclosed hereditary elements and interactions between genes and the environment. This review aims to provide up-to-date information regarding the fundamentals of personalized nutrition, specifically emphasizing the complex triangulation interplay among microbiota, dietary metabolites, and genes. Furthermore, it highlights the intestinal microbiota's unique makeup, its influence on nutrigenomics, and the tailoring of dietary suggestions. Finally, this article provides an overview of genotyping versus microbiomics, focusing on investigating the potential applications of this knowledge in the context of tailored dietary plans that aim to improve human well-being and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Lagoumintzis
- Division of Pharmacology and Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
| | - George P Patrinos
- Division of Pharmacology and Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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9
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Becetti I, Bwenyi EL, de Araujo IE, Ard J, Cryan JF, Farooqi IS, Ferrario CR, Gluck ME, Holsen LM, Kenny PJ, Lawson EA, Lowell BB, Schur EA, Stanley TL, Tavakkoli A, Grinspoon SK, Singhal V. The Neurobiology of Eating Behavior in Obesity: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets: A Report from the 23rd Annual Harvard Nutrition Obesity Symposium. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:314-328. [PMID: 37149092 PMCID: PMC10375463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is increasing at an alarming rate. The effectiveness of currently available strategies for the treatment of obesity (including pharmacologic, surgical, and behavioral interventions) is limited. Understanding the neurobiology of appetite and the important drivers of energy intake (EI) can lead to the development of more effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Appetite regulation is complex and is influenced by genetic, social, and environmental factors. It is intricately regulated by a complex interplay of endocrine, gastrointestinal, and neural systems. Hormonal and neural signals generated in response to the energy state of the organism and the quality of food eaten are communicated by paracrine, endocrine, and gastrointestinal signals to the nervous system. The central nervous system integrates homeostatic and hedonic signals to regulate appetite. Although there has been an enormous amount of research over many decades regarding the regulation of EI and body weight, research is only now yielding potentially effective treatment strategies for obesity. The purpose of this article is to summarize the key findings presented in June 2022 at the 23rd annual Harvard Nutrition Obesity Symposium entitled "The Neurobiology of Eating Behavior in Obesity: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets." Findings presented at the symposium, sponsored by NIH P30 Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard, enhance our current understanding of appetite biology, including innovative techniques used to assess and systematically manipulate critical hedonic processes, which will shape future research and the development of therapeutics for obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Becetti
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Esther L Bwenyi
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ivan E de Araujo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States; Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Jamy Ard
- Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Bariatric and Weight Management Center, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Hypertension and Vascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States; Maya Angelou Center for Healthy Equity, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ismaa Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Wellcome-Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carrie R Ferrario
- Department of Pharmacology, Psychology Department (Biopsychology Area), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Marci E Gluck
- National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Laura M Holsen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paul J Kenny
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States; Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bradford B Lowell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ellen A Schur
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Univeristy of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Univeristy of Washington Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Clinical and Translational Research Services Core, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Takara L Stanley
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ali Tavakkoli
- Division of General and Gastrointestinal (GI) Surgery, Center for Weight Management and Wellness, Advanced Minimally Invasive Fellowship, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vibha Singhal
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Pediatric Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Pediatric Program MGH Weight Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Vallianou NG, Kounatidis D, Tsilingiris D, Panagopoulos F, Christodoulatos GS, Evangelopoulos A, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. The Role of Next-Generation Probiotics in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076755. [PMID: 37047729 PMCID: PMC10095285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-associated disorders pose a major public health issue worldwide. Apart from conventional weight loss drugs, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) seem to be very promising as potential preventive and therapeutic agents against obesity. Candidate NGPs such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides coprocola, Parabacteroides distasonis, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Hafnia alvei, Odoribacter laneus and Christensenella minuta have shown promise in preclinical models of obesity and obesity-associated disorders. Proposed mechanisms include the modulation of gut flora and amelioration of intestinal dysbiosis, improvement of intestinal barrier function, reduction in chronic low-grade inflammation and modulation of gut peptide secretion. Akkermansia muciniphila and Hafnia alvei have already been administered in overweight/obese patients with encouraging results. However, safety issues and strict regulations should be constantly implemented and updated. In this review, we aim to explore (1) current knowledge regarding NGPs; (2) their utility in obesity and obesity-associated disorders; (3) their safety profile; and (4) their therapeutic potential in individuals with overweight/obesity. More large-scale, multicentric and longitudinal studies are mandatory to explore their preventive and therapeutic potential against obesity and its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G. Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogleiou Street, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Evangelopoulos
- Roche Hellas Diagnostics S.A., 18-20 Amarousiou-Chalandriou Street, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, University of Athens, Attikon General University Hospital, 1 Rimini Street, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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11
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Mirjalili M, Salari Sharif A, Sangouni AA, Emtiazi H, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. Effect of probiotic yogurt consumption on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:144-149. [PMID: 36963856 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common endocrine disease. Altered gut microbiota (Dysbiosis) is closely associated with development of T2DM. Growing body of evidence hypothesized that probiotics intake may be useful for patients with T2DM. We investigated the effect of probiotic yogurt consumption on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with T2DM. METHODS In this 12-week randomized controlled clinical trial, seventy-two patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) that received 200 g/d probiotic yogurt containing 4.65 × 106 CFU/g Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis) or placebo group (PG) that received 200 g/d conventional yogurt. RESULTS We found no difference between two groups in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) after intervention. After adjusting for baseline values of covariate, a significant reduction in HbA1c (mean change: -0.76 ± 1.3 vs. -0.15 ± 1.3; P = 0.01), TC (mean change: -10.61 ± 27.8 vs. -2.97 ± 35.0; P = 0.02) and LDL-c (mean change: -8.62 ± 21.7 vs. 0.02 ± 25.8; P = 0.004) was observed in the IG compared to the PG. In addition, a non-significant trend to reduction was observed in term of FPG (mean change: -19.61 ± 29.1 vs. -4.19 ± 24.2; P = 0.13). TG and HDL-c remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Probiotic yogurt consumption may be useful for patients with T2DM. More well-designed clinical trials with longer intervention duration are required. Registered on 30 July 2022 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20220226054125N1) with URL: https://www.irct.ir/trial/62304.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Mirjalili
- Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Salari Sharif
- Research Center of Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Sangouni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamideh Emtiazi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Yazd Diabetic Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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12
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Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus administration to anorexigenic neuropeptides and some biochemical parameters on rats fed with a high-fat diet. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 166:106729. [PMID: 36914021 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM One of the rapidly rising global public health concern is obesity. Over the past three decades, the prevalence of obesity has doubled/tripled in several nations around the world, most likely as a result of urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and increased intake of high-calorie processed foods. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus administration on rats exposed to high-fat diet experimentally on anorexigenic peptides in the brain and some biochemical parameters in the serum. METHODS In the study, 4 different experimental groups were formed. Group 1 was designated as the control group and fed with a standard rat chow (SD). Group 2 was designated as the high-fat diet (HFD) fed group. Group 3 fed with SD and L. acidophilus probiotic administered. Group 4 fed with HFD and L. acidophilus probiotic administered. At the end of the experiment, leptin, serotonin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels were measured in the brain tissue and serum. Glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), total protein (TP), albumin, uric acid, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined in the serum. RESULTS At the end of the study, it was found that there was an increase in body weight and body mass index in Group 2 compared to Group 1. It was determined that the levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, glucose, leptin in the serum were significantly high (P < 0.05). The levels of GLP-1 and serotonin in the serum and in the brain were significantly low (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in TG and TC in Groups 3 and 4 compared to Group 2 (P < 0.05). The leptin hormone levels in serum and brain were significantly higher in Group 2 than in other groups (P < 0.05). GLP-1 and serotonin levels were found to be significantly low (P < 0.05). The leptin levels in the serum of Groups 3 and 4 decreased significantly compared to Group 2 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION It was found that probiotic supplementation in high-fat diet had positive effects on anorexigenic peptides. It was concluded that L. acidophilus probiotic can be recommended as a food supplement in the treatment of obesity.
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13
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Sung HK, Youn SJ, Choi Y, Eun SW, Shin SM. Reply to Lee, S.Y. Comment on "Sung et al. Body Fat Reduction Effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Comparative Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023, 15, 28". Nutrients 2023; 15:1094. [PMID: 36904095 PMCID: PMC10005205 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thank you kindly for your interest in and opinion [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyung Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon-si 27136, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong Choi
- RnBS Corp., Seoul 06032, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Eun
- Daehan Chemtech Co., Ltd., Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Mi Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon-si 27136, Republic of Korea
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14
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A Novel Symbiotic Formulation Reduces Obesity and Concomitant Metabolic Syndrome in Rats by Raising the Relative Abundance of Blautia. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040956. [PMID: 36839314 PMCID: PMC9960556 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is regarded as an abnormal or excessive buildup of fat that may be bad for health and is influenced by a combination of intestinal flora, genetic background, physical activity level and environment. Symbiotic supplementation may be a realistic and easy therapy for the reversal of obesity and associated metabolic problems. In this study, we chose two Bifidobacterium species, three Lactobacilli species and four prebiotics to make a new symbiotic formulation. High or low doses of the symbiotic were administered to rats, and biochemical indicators were recorded to assess the biological effects in a high-fat-diet-induced rat model. The underlying mechanisms were explored by integrating 16S rRNA sequencing with an extensively targeted metabolome. High-dose symbiotic supplementation was effective in reducing obesity and concomitant metabolic syndrome. The high-dose symbiotic also significantly increased the abundance of Blautia, which was negatively correlated with taurocholic acid and the main differential metabolites involved in amino acid and bile acid metabolism. While the low-dose symbiotic had some therapeutic effects, they were not as strong as those at the high dose, demonstrating that the effects were dose-dependent. Overall, our novel symbiotic combination improved plasma glucose and lipid levels, shrunk adipocyte size, restored liver function, increased the abundance of Blautia and adjusted bile acid and amino acid metabolism.
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15
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Cho E, Kim JY, Cho B, Lee JS, Yoon YC, Shin YC, Kim H, Gil S, Kim S. Efficacy of fermented grain using Bacillus coagulans in reducing visceral fat among people with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1148512. [PMID: 37139448 PMCID: PMC10149940 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1148512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a socioeconomic problem, and visceral obesity, in particular, is related to cardiovascular diseases or metabolic syndrome. Fermented grains and various microorganisms are known to help with anti-obesity effects and weight management. Studies on the relationship between Bacillus coagulans and anti-obesity effects are not well known, and studies on the application of fermented grains and microorganisms to the human body are also insufficient. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Curezyme-LAC, an ingredient mixed with six-grain types fermented by B. coagulans, in reducing fat mass in adults with obesity. Methods In this randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study, 100 participants [aged 40-65 years; body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 to ≤ 33 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to two groups: 4 g/day Curezyme-LAC administered as a granulated powder or placebo (steamed grain powder mixture). Results After 12 weeks, visceral adipose tissue decreased significantly in the Curezyme-LAC group compared with that in the placebo group (mean ± standard error, SE of -9.3 cm2 ± 5.1) vs. (6.8 cm2 ± 3.4; p = 0.008). Compared to the placebo group, the Curezyme-LAC group also showed significant reductions in total fat mass (-0.43 ± 0.24 kg vs. 0.31 ± 0.19 kg, p = 0.011), body weight (-0.4 ± 0.3 kg vs. 0.3 ± 0.2 kg, p = 0.021), BMI (-0.14 ± 0.12 vs. 0.10 ± 0.07, p = 0.028), and waist circumference (-0.6 ± 0.2 cm vs. -0.1 ± 0.2 cm, p = 0.018) without a change in dietary intake and physical activity. Conclusion Curezyme-LAC supplementation for 12 weeks may benefit individuals with obesity by reducing visceral fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbyul Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Ju Young Kim,
| | - Belong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Belong Cho,
| | | | | | | | - Hyerim Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Siye Gil
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohye Kim
- Nutrition Care Services, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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16
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Sung HK, Youn SJ, Choi Y, Eun SW, Shin SM. Body Fat Reduction Effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Comparative Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010028. [PMID: 36615686 PMCID: PMC9824586 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This double-blind, randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium breve B-3 (BB-3) for reducing body fat. Healthy individuals were randomized into the BB-3 or placebo group (1:1). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to evaluate body fat reduction objectively. In the BB-3 group, body weight was lower than before BB-3 ingestion. Regarding waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist/hip circumference ratio, waist circumference and hip circumference were lower in the BB-3 group than in the placebo group at 12 weeks; the waist/hip circumference ratio was found to decrease at each visit in the BB-3 group, although there was no significant difference in the amount of change after 12 weeks. BB-3 did not cause any severe adverse reactions. Body fat was significantly lower in the BB-3 group than in the placebo group. In conclusion, ingesting BB-3 significantly reduces body weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Thus, BB-3 is safe and effective for reducing body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyung Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong Choi
- RnBS Corp., Seoul 06032, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Eun
- Daehan Chemtech Co., Ltd., Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Mi Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-649-1873
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17
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Weng G, Huang J, Ma X, Song M, Yin Y, Deng D, Deng J. Brevibacillus laterosporus BL1, a promising probiotic, prevents obesity and modulates gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1050025. [PMID: 36505236 PMCID: PMC9729748 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1050025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Scope Probiotics are a potential preventive strategy for obesity. However, with discrete efficacy and limited species of probiotics, there is a demand for novel strains with excellent anti-obesity properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Brevibacillus laterosporus BL1 on preventing obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Methods and results C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10) and fed a control diet, HFD, HFD plus B. laterosporus BL1, and HFD plus supernatant of B. laterosporus BL1, respectively for 8 weeks. The results showed that prophylactic B. laterosporus BL1 treatment reduced body weight gain by 41.26% in comparison to the HFD group, and this difference was accompanied by a reduction in body fat mass and the weight of inguinal white adipose tissues and epididymal white adipose tissue (-33.39%, -39.07%, and -43.75%, respectively). Moreover, the B. laterosporus BL1-mediated improvements in lipid profile, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation were associated with the regulation of gene expression related to lipid metabolism and enhancement of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Particularly, B. laterosporus BL1 intervention significantly improved HFD-induced gut flora dysbiosis, as evidenced by a reverse in the relative abundance of Bacillota and Bacteroidota, as well as an increase in the relative abundance of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which in turn increased SCFAs levels. Conclusion Our findings found for the first time that B. laterosporus BL1 may be a promising probiotic for prevention of obesity associated with the regulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xianyong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Dun Deng,
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,Jinping Deng,
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18
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The abundance of bifidobacterium in relation to visceral obesity and serum uric acid. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13073. [PMID: 35906416 PMCID: PMC9338261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome has been shown to play a role in the development of obesity in recent studies. Most of these studies on obesity were based on the BMI classification criteria, which doesn't distinguish Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Some studies showed that VAT has a higher risk of inducing metabolic diseases than SAT. This study focused on the visceral obesity defined by increased visceral fat area. The present study was designed to investigate the association of visceral obesity with gut predominant microbiota and metabolic status. This study included 372 healthy individuals from medical examination center in Shulan Hangzhou Hospital. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) technique was used to detect ten kinds of gut predominant bacteria in fresh feces. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured by the bioimpedance analyzer (INBODY720, Korea). The abundance of Bifidobacterium significantly decreased in the visceral obesity group. Compared with the lean group, Visceral obesity group had significantly higher levels of LDL, TG, FBG, serum uric acid (SUA) and lower levels of HDL. SUA was an independent impact factor for Bifidobacterium. SUA was negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium and positively correlated with VFA. In the mediation analysis, SUA showed significant mediation effect. SUA may be a mediating factor between decreased Bifidobacterium and increased VAT.
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19
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Mashayekh-Amiri S, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Abdolalipour S, Mirghafourvand M. Myo-inositol supplementation for prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus in overweight and obese pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:93. [PMID: 35794663 PMCID: PMC9258131 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] and of its most important predisposing factor, i.e. overweight and obesity, have increased dramatically over the past 20 years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the articles on the effect of myo-inositol supplementation on the prevention of GDM in pregnant women with overweight and obesity. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search in electronic database (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus, Web of science and forward and backward citations) to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until 21 December 2021. Finally, Among the 118 identified records, four studies were eligible and were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis results were reported in the form of odds ratio (OR) to compare the incidence of GDM and pregnancy outcomes. They were also presented in the form of mean difference (MD) to compare fasting glucose (FG), 1-h and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels between the two groups. This study was registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42021290570. RESULTS The results showed that the incidence of GDM was significantly lower in the myo-inositol group (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.48; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%; Moderate certainty evidence). Moreover, FG-OGTT (MD - 2.64 mg/dl, 95% CI - 4.12 to - 1.17; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%; Moderate certainty evidence), 1-h-OGTT (MD - 7.47 mg/dl, 95% CI - 12.24 to - 2.31; P = 0.005; I2 = 27%; Low certainty evidence) and 2-h-OGTT levels (MD - 10.51 mg/dl, 95% CI - 16.88 to - 4.14; P = 0.001; I2 = 59%; Low certainty evidence) in the myo-inositol group were significantly lower than in the control group. Regarding the pregnancy outcomes, the incidence of gestational hypertension and preterm delivery was significantly lower in the myo-inositol group. However, no between-group difference was observed in the other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, myo-inositol has shown to be a new and safe preventive strategy in reducing the incidence of GDM and in regulating FG and 1-h and 2-h OGTT levels, and also in reducing the incidence of GDM complications such as preterm delivery and gestational hypertension in pregnant women with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mashayekh-Amiri
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Somaiyeh Abdolalipour
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kim YT, Kim CH, Kwon JG, Cho JH, Shin YS, Kim HB, Lee JH. In vivo Trial of Bifidobacterium longum Revealed the Complex Network Correlations Between Gut Microbiota and Health Promotional Effects. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:886934. [PMID: 35783421 PMCID: PMC9247516 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.886934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete genome sequence analysis of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BCBL-583 isolated from a Korean female fecal sample showed no virulence factor or antibiotic resistance gene, suggesting human safety. In addition, this strain has oxygen and heat tolerance genes for food processing, and cholesterol reduction and mucin adhesion-related genes were also found. For in vivo evaluations, a high fat diet (HFD) mouse model was used, showing that BCBL-583 administration to the model (HFD-583) reduced the total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in the blood and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines but increased anti-inflammatory cytokines, substantiating its cholesterol reduction and anti-inflammation activities. Subsequent microbiome analysis of the fecal samples from the HFD mouse model revealed that BCBL-583 administration changed the composition of gut microbiota. After 9 weeks feeding of bifidobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes increased, but Proteobacteria maintained in the HFD mouse models. Further comparative species-level compositional analysis revealed the inhibitions of cholesterol reduction-related Eubacterium coprostanoligenes and obesity-related Lactococcus by the supplementation of B. longum BCBL-583, suggesting its possible cholesterol reduction and anti-obesity activities. The correlation analysis of HFD-583 between the gut microbiota compositional change and cholesterol/immune response showed that Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes may play an important role in cholesterol reduction and anti-inflammation. However, correlation analysis of Proteobacteria showed the reverse correlation in HFD-583. Interestingly, the correlation analysis of B. longum ATCC 15707 administration to HFD model showed similar patterns of cholesterol but different in immune response patterns. Therefore, this correlation analysis suggests that the microbial composition and inflammatory cytokine/total-cholesterol may be closely related in the administration of BCBL-583 in the HFD mice group. Consequently, BCBL-583 could be a good probiotic strain for gut health promotion through gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Tae Kim
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
- Food Research Center, Binggrae Co., Ltd., Namyangju, South Korea
| | - Joon-Gi Kwon
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Cho
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Young-Sup Shin
- Food Research Center, Binggrae Co., Ltd., Namyangju, South Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Hyeun Bum Kim,
| | - Ju-Hoon Lee
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ju-Hoon Lee,
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21
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Kulathunga J, Simsek S. A Review: Cereals on Modulating the Microbiota/Metabolome for Metabolic Health. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:371-385. [PMID: 35657489 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diet can modulate both the composition and functionality of the human gut microbiota. Cereals are rich in specific macro and functional elements that are considered important dietary components for maintaining human health; therefore, it is important to examine precise nutritional mechanism involved in exerting the health benefits via modulating gut microbiota. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent research on how different cereals in the diet can regulate the microbiota for health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS There is an increased interest in targeting the gut microbiome for the treatment of chronic diseases. Cereals can alter the gut microbiome and may improve energy and glucose homeostasis, interfere with host energy homeostasis, appetite, blood glucose regulation, insulin sensitivity, and regulation of host metabolism. However, more human research is necessary to confirm the beneficial health outcomes of cereals via modulating gut microbiota. Cereals play an essential role in shaping the intestinal microbiota that contributes to exerting health effects on various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayani Kulathunga
- Cereal Science Graduate Program, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Senay Simsek
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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22
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He H, Sun Y, Zhang S, Zhang H, Su W, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Wen J, Li X, Hu J, Nie S. Arabinogalactan,
Bifidobacterium longum
, and
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
improve insulin resistance in high‐fat diet‐induced C57BL/6J mice. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Wenwen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Zheyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Jiajia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Xiajialong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang China
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23
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Tang Q, Zhong Y, Xu C, Li W, Wang H, Hou Y. Effectiveness of five interventions used for prevention of gestational diabetes: A network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29126. [PMID: 35475799 PMCID: PMC9276162 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with short- and long-term health issues for mother and child; preventing these complications is crucially important. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis of the relationships among 5 interventions used to prevent GDM. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed to pool evidence from inception to June 30, 2020. The type of studies was confined to randomized control trials and quasi-randomized control trials published in English investigating the interventions for preventing GDM, including physical activity, dietary intervention, probiotic intervention, mixed intervention, and inositol supplementation. The data were pooled together to report the odds ratio (OR) of GDM with a corresponding 95% credible interval (CrI) and generate a network plot, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve plot, and contribution plot. In addition, loop inconsistency was examined, and a funnel plot combined with Egger test was used to measure heterogeneity. RESULTS The network meta-analysis included 46 randomized control trials involving 16,545 patients. Compared with placebo, physical activity (OR: 0.64, 95% CrI: 0.46-0.88) and probiotic intervention (OR: 0.57, 95% CrI: 0.34-0.96) reduced the incidence of GDM significantly. However, dietary intervention, a combination of physical activity and diet intervention, and inositol supplementation did not significantly alter GDM risk. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity and probiotic intervention are more effective than placebo in reducing the risk of developing GDM. Future work should focus on the type, duration, frequency, and timing of physical activity and probiotic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Tang
- Operating Theatre, Haikou Maternal, and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Operating Theatre, Haikou Maternal, and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chenyun Xu
- Longhua Outpatient Department, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wangya Li
- Operating Theatre, Haikou Maternal, and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Operating Theatre, Haikou Maternal, and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
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24
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Vitacolonna E, Masulli M, Palmisano L, Stuppia L, Franzago M. Inositols, Probiotics, and Gestational Diabetes: Clinical and Epigenetic Aspects. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081543. [PMID: 35458105 PMCID: PMC9028601 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the potential role of different stereoisomers of inositol or their combination as well as probiotics supplementation in healthy glucose metabolism during pregnancy and in promoting offspring health. The aim of this review is to clarify the effects of several inositol and probiotics-based supplements in the prevention and treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM). Moreover, we will discuss the epigenetic aspects and their short- and long-term effects in response to probiotic intervention as well as the possible implications of these findings in guiding appropriate supplementation regimens in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Masulli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Luisa Palmisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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25
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Du J, Zhang P, Luo J, Shen L, Zhang S, Gu H, He J, Wang L, Zhao X, Gan M, Yang L, Niu L, Zhao Y, Tang Q, Tang G, Jiang D, Jiang Y, Li M, Jiang A, Jin L, Ma J, Shuai S, Bai L, Wang J, Zeng B, Wu D, Li X, Zhu L. Dietary betaine prevents obesity through gut microbiota-drived microRNA-378a family. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-19. [PMID: 33550882 PMCID: PMC7889173 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1862612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Betaine is a natural compound present in commonly consumed foods and may have a potential role in the regulation of glucose and lipids metabolism. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of its action remains largely unknown. Here, we show that supplementation with betaine contributes to improved high-fat diet (HFD)-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and increases anti-obesity strains such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium. In mice lacking gut microbiota, the functional role of betaine in preventing HFD-induced obesity, metabolic syndrome, and inactivation of brown adipose tissues are significantly reduced. Akkermansia muciniphila is an important regulator of betaine in improving microbiome ecology and increasing strains that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Increasing two main members of SCFAs including acetate and butyrate can significantly regulate the levels of DNA methylation at host miR-378a promoter, thus preventing the development of obesity and glucose intolerance. However, these beneficial effects are partially abolished by Yin yang (YY1), a common target gene of the miR-378a family. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that betaine can improve obesity and associated MS via the gut microbiota-derived miR-378a/YY1 regulatory axis, and reveal a novel mechanism by which gut microbiota improve host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mailing Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life and Biology Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Surong Shuai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Bo Zeng College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - De Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,De Wu
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Xuewei Li
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,CONTACT Li Zhu
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26
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Zhang FL, Yang YL, Zhang Z, Yao YY, Xia R, Gao CC, Du DD, Hu J, Ran C, Liu Z, Zhou ZG. Surface-Displayed Amuc_1100 From Akkermansia muciniphila on Lactococcus lactis ZHY1 Improves Hepatic Steatosis and Intestinal Health in High-Fat-Fed Zebrafish. Front Nutr 2021; 8:726108. [PMID: 34722607 PMCID: PMC8548614 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.726108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver and intestinal barrier damage were widespread in most farmed fish, which severely restrict the development of aquaculture. Therefore, there was an urgent need to develop green feed additives to maintain host liver and intestinal health. In this study, a probiotic pili-like protein, Amuc_1100 (AM protein), was anchored to the surface of Lactococcus lactis ZHY1, and the effects of the recombinant bacteria AM-ZHY1 on liver fat accumulation and intestinal health were evaluated. Zebrafish were fed a basal diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet with AM-ZHY1 (108 cfu/g) or control bacteria ZHY1 for 4 weeks. Treatment with AM-ZHY1 significantly reduced hepatic steatosis in zebrafish. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) detection showed that the expression of the lipogenesis [peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1)] and lipid transport genes (CD36 and FABP6) in the liver were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05), indicating that AM-ZHY1 could reduce liver fat accumulation by inhibiting lipid synthesis and absorption. Moreover, supplementing AM-ZHY1 to a high-fat diet could significantly reduce serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, indicating that liver injury caused by high-fat diets was improved. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 in the liver decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while IL-1β and IL-10 did not change significantly in the AM-ZHY1 group. Compared to the high-fat diet-fed group, the AM-ZHY1 group, but not the ZHY1 group, significantly increased the expression of intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins (TJP1a, claudina, claudin7, claudin7b, claudin11a, claudin12, and claudin15a; p < 0.05). Compared to the high-fat diet group, the Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were significantly reduced and increased in the AM-ZHY1 group, respectively. In conclusion, the recombinant bacteria AM-ZHY1 has the capacity to maintain intestinal health by protecting intestinal integrity and improving intestinal flora structure and improving fatty liver disease by inhibiting lipid synthesis and absorption. This study will lay a foundation for the application of AM protein in improving abnormal fat deposition and restoring the intestinal barrier in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Li Zhang
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yao
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Chen Gao
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Dong Du
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhou
- Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Obesity Animal Models for Acupuncture and Related Therapy Research Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6663397. [PMID: 34630614 PMCID: PMC8497105 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6663397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and related diseases are considered as pandemic representing a worldwide threat for health. Animal models are critical to validate the effects and understand the mechanisms related to classical or innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies. It is, therefore, important to identify the best animal models for translational research, using different evaluation criteria such as the face, construct, and predictive validity. Because the pharmacological treatments and surgical interventions currently used for treating obesity often present many undesirable side effects, relatively high relapse probabilities, acupuncture, electroacupuncture (EA), and related therapies have gained more popularity and attention. Many kinds of experimental animal models have been used for obesity research studies, but in the context of acupuncture, most of the studies were performed in rodent obesity models. Though, are these obesity rodent models really the best for acupuncture or related therapies research studies? In this study, we review different obesity animal models that have been used over the past 10 years for acupuncture and EA research studies. We present their respective advantages, disadvantages, and specific constraints. With the development of research on acupuncture and EA and the increasing interest regarding these approaches, proper animal models are critical for preclinical studies aiming at developing future clinical trials in the human. The aim of the present study is to provide researchers with information and guidance related to the preclinical models that are currently available to investigate the outcomes of acupuncture and related therapies.
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28
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Therapeutic Potential of Various Plant-Based Fibers to Improve Energy Homeostasis via the Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103470. [PMID: 34684471 PMCID: PMC8537956 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is due in part to increased consumption of a Western diet that is low in dietary fiber. Conversely, an increase in fiber supplementation to a diet can have various beneficial effects on metabolic homeostasis including weight loss and reduced adiposity. Fibers are extremely diverse in source and composition, such as high-amylose maize, β-glucan, wheat fiber, pectin, inulin-type fructans, and soluble corn fiber. Despite the heterogeneity of dietary fiber, most have been shown to play a role in alleviating obesity-related health issues, mainly by targeting and utilizing the properties of the gut microbiome. Reductions in body weight, adiposity, food intake, and markers of inflammation have all been reported with the consumption of various fibers, making them a promising treatment option for the obesity epidemic. This review will highlight the current findings on different plant-based fibers as a therapeutic dietary supplement to improve energy homeostasis via mechanisms of gut microbiota.
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29
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Wang B, Yu H, He Y, Wen L, Gu J, Wang X, Miao X, Qiu G, Wang H. Effect of soybean insoluble dietary fiber on prevention of obesity in high-fat diet fed mice via regulation of the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:7923-7937. [PMID: 34251010 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays an important role in preventing obesity; however, the mechanism by which insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SIDF on obesity in HFD mice and determine the mechanism by which it prevents obesity through regulating the gut microbiota. Soybean insoluble dietary fiber (SIDF) was used as an intervention in HFD mice for 20 weeks. The results showed that SIDF significantly reduced the body weight (BW), fat index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol while increasing the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in HFD mice. SIDF intervention was also beneficial for the reduction of liver lipid content and fatty droplets in mice. Furthermore, SIDF intervention improved the gut microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillales [order], Lactobacillus [genus], Lachnospirace_Nk4A136_group [genus]), and reduced the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (such as Lachnospiraceae [family] and Bacteroides_acidifaciens [species]), which correlated with obesity (at least p < 0.05 in all instances). Finally, SIDF was fermented by related beneficial bacteria, which increased the content of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and promoted the secretion of satiety hormones. In conclusion, SIDF intervention could prevent obesity in HFD mice by modulating the gut microbiota composition. Hence, SIDF may be used as a potential ingredient in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Obesity as the 21st Century's major disease: The role of probiotics and prebiotics in prevention and treatment. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ralli T, Neupane YR, Saifi Z, Kohli K. Gut microbiota as an emerging therapeutic avenue for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4677-4685. [PMID: 34176456 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210625141526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of death related to liver diseases worldwide. Despite this, there is no specific treatment that is approved for the disease till now, which could be due to a poor understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. In the past few decades, several scientists have speculated the root cause of NAFLD to be dysbalance in the gut microbiome resulting in a susceptibility totheinflammatory cascade in the liver. Herein, we hypothesize to fabricate a novel formulation containing prebiotic with probiotics, which, thereby would help in maintaining the gut homeostasis, and used for the treatment of NAFLD. The proposed novel formulation would contain a Bifidobacteriumsp. with Faecalibacteriumprausnitzii in the presence of a dietary fibre having hepatoprotective activity. These two strains of probiotics would help in increasing the concentration of butyrate in the gut, which in turn would inhibit intestinal inflammation and maintain gut integrity. The dietary fibre would serve a dual mechanism; firstly they would act as a prebiotic, which helps in the proliferation of administered probiotics and secondly, would protect the liver via own hepatoprotective action. This combinatorial approach would pave a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Ralli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Yub Raj Neupane
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zoya Saifi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi, India
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Solito A, Bozzi Cionci N, Calgaro M, Caputo M, Vannini L, Hasballa I, Archero F, Giglione E, Ricotti R, Walker GE, Petri A, Agosti E, Bellomo G, Aimaretti G, Bona G, Bellone S, Amoruso A, Pane M, Di Gioia D, Vitulo N, Prodam F. Supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve BR03 and B632 strains improved insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents with obesity in a cross-over, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4585-4594. [PMID: 34229263 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Variations in gut microbiota might impact metabolism leading to body weight excess. We assessed the impact of a probiotic supplementation in pediatric obesity on weight, metabolic alterations, selected gut microbial groups, and functionality. METHODS Cross-over, double-blind, randomized control trial (BIFI-OBESE trial; NCT03261466). 101 youths (6-18 years, Tanner stage ≥2) with obesity and insulin-resistance on diet were randomized to 2 × 109 CFU/AFU/day of Bifidobacterium breve BR03 (DSM 16604) and B. breve B632 (DSM 24706) (51) or placebo (50) for 8 weeks with a 4-weeks wash-out period. RESULTS All subjects (M/F 54/47) completed the first 8 weeks, and 82 (M/F 43/39) the last part without adverse events. Mixed-effects models revealed a carry-over effect on many variables in the entire study, narrowing the analysis to the first 8 weeks before the wash-out periods. All subjects improved metabolic parameters, and decreased weight and Escherichia coli counts. Probiotics improved insulin sensitivity at fasting (QUICKI, 0.013 CI95%0.0-0.03) and during OGTT (ISI, 0.654 CI95%-0.11-1.41). Cytokines, GLP1, and target microbial counts did not vary. Of 25 SCFAs, acetic acid and acetic acid pentyl-ester relative abundance remained stable in the probiotics, while increased in the placebo (p < 0.02). A signature of five butanoic esters identified three clusters, one of them had better glucose responses during probiotics. CONCLUSION An 8 weeks treatment with B. breve BR03 and B632 had beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity in youths with obesity. Microbiota functionality could influence metabolic answers to probiotics. Long-term studies to confirm and enrich our findings are justified. Tailored probiotic treatments could be an additional strategy for obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03261466.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Solito
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Calgaro
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Marina Caputo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy; SCDU Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Lucia Vannini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Iderina Hasballa
- SCDU Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Francesca Archero
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Enza Giglione
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Roberta Ricotti
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Petri
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Emanuela Agosti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bellomo
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- SCDU Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Gianni Bona
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bellone
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy
| | | | | | - Diana Di Gioia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Italy.
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy; SCDU Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Italy.
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Maehata H, Arai S, Iwabuchi N, Abe F. Immuno-modulation by heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MCC1849 and its application to food products. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211008291. [PMID: 33787390 PMCID: PMC8020404 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211008291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are microorganisms that confer health benefits to host. Well-known examples include Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species. In recent years, interest in promoting our health with probiotics has grown as life expectancy and health awareness has increased. However, some concerns for safety and stability exist for these live organisms. Thus, “postbiotics” and “paraprobiotics,” non-viable heat-killed microbial cells or cell fractions that retain health benefits, are increasingly favored. Unfortunately, little information on clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action is available compared with many available probiotics. Lacticaseibacillus (previous name Lactobacillus) paracasei MCC1849 is a commonly used lactic acid bacterial strain in Japan that displays immuno-modulatory effects in humans in non-viable heat-killed form. This review discusses health benefits of heat-killed L. paracasei MCC1849 immune modulation and offers a theoretical basis for its mechanisms of action. We also discuss the feasibility of using heat-killed probiotics for application in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Maehata
- Food Ingredients and Technology Institute, Research and Development Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Arai
- Food Ingredients and Technology Institute, Research and Development Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Iwabuchi
- Food Ingredients and Technology Institute, Research and Development Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Abe
- Food Ingredients and Technology Institute, Research and Development Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Bifidobacterium adolescentis Isolated from Different Hosts Modifies the Intestinal Microbiota and Displays Differential Metabolic and Immunomodulatory Properties in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031017. [PMID: 33801119 PMCID: PMC8004121 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity, which is closely associated with the gut microbiota and chronic inflammation, has rapidly increased in the past 40 years. Therefore, the probiotic-based modification of the intestinal microbiota composition has been developed as a strategy for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we selected four Bifidobacterium adolescentis strains isolated from the feces of newborn and elderly humans to investigate whether supplementation with B. adolescentis of various origins could alleviate obesity in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% energy as fat) received one of the following 14-week interventions: (i) B. adolescentis N4_N3, (ii) B. adolescentis Z25, (iii) B. adolescentis 17_3, (iv) B. adolescentis 2016_7_2, and (v) phosphate-buffered saline. The metabolic parameters, thermogenesis, and immunity of all treated mice were measured. Cecal and colonic microbial profiles were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The B. adolescentis strains isolated from the feces of elderly humans (B. adolescentis Z25, 17_3, and 2016_7_2) decreased the body weight or weight gain of mice, whilst the strain isolated from the newborn (B. adolescentis N4_N3) increased the body weight of mice. The B. adolescentis strains isolated from the elderly also increased serum leptin concentrations and induced the expression of thermogenesis- and lipid metabolism-related genes in brown adipose tissue. All the B. adolescentis strains alleviated inflammations in the spleen and brain and modified the cecal and colonic microbiota. Particularly, all strains reversed the HFD-induced depletion of Bifidobacterium and reduced the development of beta-lactam resistance. In addition, the B. adolescentis strains isolated from the elderly increased the relative abundances of potentially beneficial genera, such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Faecalibaculum. We speculate that such increased abundance of commensal bacteria may have mediated the alleviation of obesity, as B. adolescentis supplementation decreased the intestinal production of SCFAs, thereby reducing energy delivery to the host mice. Our results revealed that certain strains of B. adolescentis can alleviate obesity and modify the gut microbiota of mice. The tested strains of B. adolescentis showed different effects on lipid metabolism and immunity regulation, with these effects related to whether they had been isolated from the feces of newborn or elderly humans. This indicates that B. adolescentis from different sources may have disparate effects on host health possibly due to the transmission of origin-specific functions to the host.
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Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Insights. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031016. [PMID: 33801082 PMCID: PMC8003974 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics microorganisms exert their health-associated activities through some of the following general actions: competitive exclusion, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, production of bacteriocins, improvement of altered microbiota, and modulation of the immune response. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 has become one of the most promising probiotics and it has been described to possess potential beneficial effects on inflammatory processes and immunological alterations. Different studies, preclinical and clinical trials, have evidenced its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and elucidated the precise mechanisms of action involved in its beneficial effects. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the effect on host health, mechanisms, and future therapeutic approaches.
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Corb Aron RA, Abid A, Vesa CM, Nechifor AC, Behl T, Ghitea TC, Munteanu MA, Fratila O, Andronie-Cioara FL, Toma MM, Bungau S. Recognizing the Benefits of Pre-/Probiotics in Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Considering the Influence of Akkermansia muciniphila as a Key Gut Bacterium. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030618. [PMID: 33802777 PMCID: PMC8002498 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are diseases that can be influenced by the structure of gut microbiota, whose improvement is often neglected in metabolic pathology. This review highlights the following main aspects: the relationship between probiotics/gut microbes with the pathogenesis of MetS, the particular positive roles of Akkermansia muciniphila supplementation in the onset of MetS, and the interaction between dietary polyphenols (prebiotics) with gut microbiota. Therefore, an extensive and in-depth analysis of the often-neglected correlation between gut microbiota and chronic metabolic diseases was conducted, considering that this topic continues to fascinate and stimulate researchers through the discovery of novel strains and their beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Anca Corb Aron
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (R.A.C.A.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Areha Abid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (R.A.C.A.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Aurelia Cristina Nechifor
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India;
| | - Timea Claudia Ghitea
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (T.C.G.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Mihai Alexandru Munteanu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.F.)
| | - Ovidiu Fratila
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.F.)
| | - Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Mirela Marioara Toma
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (T.C.G.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania; (T.C.G.); (M.M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-726-776-588
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Manzanarez-Quín CG, Beltrán-Barrientos LM, Hernández-Mendoza A, González-Córdova AF, Vallejo-Cordoba B. Invited review: Potential antiobesity effect of fermented dairy products. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:3766-3778. [PMID: 33551162 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The growing prevalence of obesity affects millions of people around the world and has gained increased attention over the years because it is associated with the development of other chronic degenerative diseases. Different organizations recommend lifestyle changes to treat obesity; nevertheless, other strategies in addition to lifestyle changes have recently been suggested. One of these strategies is the use of probiotics in fermented dairy products; however, a need exists to review the different studies available related to the potential antiobesity effect of these products. Because probiotic fermented dairy products that support weight management are not available in the market, there is a great opportunity for the development of functional dairy products with new lactic acid bacteria that may present this added health benefit. Thus, the purpose of this overview is to highlight the importance of probiotic fermented dairy products as potential antiobesogenic functional foods and present in vitro and in vivo studies required before this kind of product may be introduced to the market. Overall, most studies attributed the antiobesity effect of fermented dairy foods to the probiotic strains present; however, bioactive peptides released during milk fermentation may also be responsible for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen G Manzanarez-Quín
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.) Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 833041
| | - Lilia M Beltrán-Barrientos
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.) Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 833041
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.) Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 833041
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.) Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 833041
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD, A.C.) Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 833041.
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Ishii T, Furuoka H, Kaya M, Kuhara T. Oral Administration of Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve Improves Facilitation of Hippocampal Memory Extinction via Restoration of Aberrant Higher Induction of Neuropsin in an MPTP-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020167. [PMID: 33567772 PMCID: PMC7914481 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) model mice (PD mice) facilitate hippocampal memory extinction, which may be the cause of cognitive impairment in PD. Recent studies on the consumption of probiotics have reported a variety of beneficial effects on the central nervous system via the microbiota–gut–brain axis. In this study, we investigated the effects of oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve strain A1 [MCC1274] (B. breve A1) on the facilitation of hippocampal memory extinction observed in PD mice. We found that four-day consecutive oral administration of B. breve A1 restored facilitation of contextual fear extinction in PD mice. Hippocampal mRNA expression levels of postsynaptic density protein-95 and synaptophysin significantly decreased in the PD mice, but mRNA and protein expression levels of neuropsin increased. Furthermore, CA1 apical spine density was significantly reduced in PD mice. On the other hand, administration of B. breve A1 to PD mice recovered all these expression levels and the CA1 spine density to control levels. These results suggest that increased induction of neuropsin is involved in abnormal changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and that B. breve A1 imposes reins on its expression, resulting in the restoration of abnormal hippocampal synaptic plasticity and the facilitation of fear extinction in PD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Ishii
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-155-49-5366
| | - Hidefumi Furuoka
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Motohiro Kaya
- Center for Regional Collaboration in Research and Education, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Tetsuya Kuhara
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama 252-8583, Kanagawa, Japan;
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Obesity and gut microbiome: review of potential role of probiotics. Porto Biomed J 2021; 6:e111. [PMID: 33490703 PMCID: PMC7817278 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity prevalence has increased worldwide over the years, with pandemic levels being already reached, besides to its huge economic and health impacts. The multifactorial pathogenesis of obesity partly explains the important challenge posed to health policy regarding its clinical treatment, with increasing evidences have shown that obesity and metabolic disturbances are closely linked to variations in gut microbiota (GM) function and composition. Indeed, GM play a key contribution in energy metabolism, with GM modulation being increasingly linked to changes in body weight and body mass index. In such matter, probiotics have been proposed as a promising new therapeutic strategy to treat/prevent obesity. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview on the clinical impact and effectiveness of probiotics in obese individuals.
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Abe K, Okada S, Ishijima T. The activities of the ILSI Japan endowed chair, at the University of Tokyo, regarding functional food genomics. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:35-39. [PMID: 33259622 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishijima
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Protection of Galacto-Oligosaccharide against E. coli O157 Colonization through Enhancing Gut Barrier Function and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111710. [PMID: 33233359 PMCID: PMC7700679 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) has been added to infant formula as prebiotics and can bring many benefits to human health. This study proved the effect of GOS in prevention and alleviation against E. coli O157 invasion and colonization and the mechanism behind this was explored in a mice model. The results showed that the expression of Muc2 and Occlaudin were both significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05) by E. coli O157 infection, while GOS alleviated this phenomenon, which means that GOS can reduce the colonization of E. coli O157 by enhancing the gut barrier function. Through the determination of inflammatory cytokines, we found that GOS can relieve inflammation caused by pathogens. At the same time, GOS can promote the growth of probiotics such as Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroides, thus modulating microorganism environments and improving short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in the intestine. This study provides an explanation for the mechanism behind the protection of GOS against pathogen infection.
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Salles BIM, Cioffi D, Ferreira SRG. Probiotics supplementation and insulin resistance: a systematic review. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:98. [PMID: 33292434 PMCID: PMC7656736 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on intestinal microbiota has grown considerably, as well as the interest on probiotics' supplementation effects on metabolism. Considering high prevalence rates of metabolic diseases linked by insulin resistance, we performed a systematic review of existing literature which addressed the role of probiotics in modulating insulin sensitivity in animals and humans. METHODS This systematic review was based on PRISMA guidelines. Searches for original articles published in English from 1990 to January 2020 were made in the electronic database of PubMed from the National Library of Medicine, using Medical Subject Headings to identify longitudinal studies conducted in animals and humans which reported effects of probiotics in a variety of insulin resistance parameters. RESULTS Overall, results from 27 probiotic interventions (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium and Akkermansia) indicated significant beneficial changes in insulin resistance measures in animal studies. Additionally, they improved lipid profile, inflammatory and oxidative markers, short-chain fatty acids production and microbiota composition. In seven clinical trials, samples and designs were heterogeneous. Five showed benefits in insulin resistance parameters and in two others no effect was detected. CONCLUSION Available data regarding the effects of certain probiotics do not guarantee sustained amelioration of insulin resistance in humans. Consistent beneficial results for intestinal barrier function, immune system and metabolism were reported in animals may encourage long-term randomized clinical trials in people with obesity and cardiometabolic risk. Whether supplementation with probiotics in combination with medications and/or prebiotics, associated with a healthy lifestyle, will prove useful to attenuate insulin resistance requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Izabel Moraes Salles
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Débora Cioffi
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Sandra Roberta G Ferreira
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-904, Brazil.
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Lorenzo O, Crespo-Yanguas M, Hang T, Lumpuy-Castillo J, Hernández AM, Llavero C, García-Alonso ML, Ruiz-Tovar J. Addition of Probiotics to Anti-Obesity Therapy by Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation of Dermatome T6. A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7239. [PMID: 33023060 PMCID: PMC7579484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is becoming a pandemic and percutaneous electrical stimulation (PENS) of dermatome T6 has been demonstrated to reduce stomach motility and appetite, allowing greater weight loss than isolated hypocaloric diets. However, modulation of intestinal microbiota could improve this effect and control cardiovascular risk factors. Our objective was to test whether addition of probiotics could improve weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors in obese subjects after PENS and a hypocaloric diet. A pilot prospective study was performed in patients (n = 20) with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2. Half of them underwent ten weeks of PENS in conjunction with a hypocaloric diet (PENS-Diet), and the other half was treated with a PENS-Diet plus multistrain probiotics (L. plantarum LP115, B. brevis B3, and L. acidophilus LA14) administration. Fecal samples were obtained before and after interventions. The weight loss and changes in blood pressure, glycemic and lipid profile, and in gut microbiota were investigated. Weight loss was significantly higher (16.2 vs. 11.1 kg, p = 0.022), whereas glycated hemoglobin and triglycerides were lower (-0.46 vs. -0.05%, p = 0.032, and -47.0 vs. -8.5 mg/dL, p = 0.002, respectively) in patients receiving PENS-Diet + probiotics compared with those with a PENS-Diet. Moreover, an enrichment of anti-obesogenic bacteria, including Bifidobacterium spp, Akkermansia spp, Prevotella spp, and the attenuation of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were noted in fecal samples after probiotics administration. In obese patients, the addition of probiotics to a PENS intervention under a hypocaloric diet could further improve weight loss and glycemic and lipid profile in parallel to the amelioration of gut dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-Y.); (T.H.); (J.L.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) Network, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Crespo-Yanguas
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-Y.); (T.H.); (J.L.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Tianyu Hang
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-Y.); (T.H.); (J.L.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-Y.); (T.H.); (J.L.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Artur M. Hernández
- Department of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón-Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carolina Llavero
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Garcilaso, 28010 Madrid, Spain; (C.L.); (J.R.-T.)
| | - MLuisa García-Alonso
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Vascular Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-Y.); (T.H.); (J.L.-C.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Jaime Ruiz-Tovar
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Garcilaso, 28010 Madrid, Spain; (C.L.); (J.R.-T.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles-Madrid, Spain
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44
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Tsai YC, Cheng LH, Liu YW, Jeng OJ, Lee YK. Gerobiotics: probiotics targeting fundamental aging processes. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2020; 40:1-11. [PMID: 33520563 PMCID: PMC7817508 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2020-026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is recognized as a common risk factor for many chronic diseases and functional
decline. The newly emerging field of geroscience is an interdisciplinary field that aims
to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging. Several fundamental
biological processes have been proposed as hallmarks of aging. The proposition of the
geroscience hypothesis is that targeting holistically these highly integrated hallmarks
could be an effective approach to preventing the pathogenesis of age-related diseases
jointly, thereby improving the health span of most individuals. There is a growing
awareness concerning the benefits of the prophylactic use of probiotics in maintaining
health and improving quality of life in the elderly population. In view of the rapid
progress in geroscience research, a new emphasis on geroscience-based probiotics is in
high demand, and such probiotics require extensive preclinical and clinical research to
support their functional efficacy. Here we propose a new term, “gerobiotics”, to define
those probiotic strains and their derived postbiotics and para-probiotics that are able to
beneficially attenuate the fundamental mechanisms of aging, reduce physiological aging
processes, and thereby expand the health span of the host. We provide a thorough
discussion of why the coining of a new term is warranted instead of just referring to
these probiotics as anti-aging probiotics or with other similar terms. In this review, we
highlight the needs and importance of the new field of gerobiotics, past and currently
on-going research and development in the field, biomarkers for potential targets, and
recommended steps for the development of gerobiotic products. Use of gerobiotics could be
a promising intervention strategy to improve health span and longevity of humans in the
future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hao Cheng
- Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., Taipei 10448, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wenn Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | | | - Yuan-Kun Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Valent D, Arroyo L, Fàbrega E, Font-i-Furnols M, Rodríguez-Palmero M, Moreno-Muñoz J, Tibau J, Bassols A. Effects of a high-fat-diet supplemented with probiotics and ω3-fatty acids on appetite regulatory neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in a pig model. Benef Microbes 2020; 11:347-359. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The pig is a valuable animal model to study obesity in humans due to the physiological similarity between humans and pigs in terms of digestive and associated metabolic processes. The dietary use of vegetal protein, probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids is recommended to control weight gain and to fight obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Likewise, there are recent reports on their beneficial effects on brain functions. The hypothalamus is the central part of the brain that regulates food intake by means of the production of food intake-regulatory hypothalamic neuropeptides, as neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexin A and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin. Other mesolimbic areas, such as the hippocampus, are also involved in the control of food intake. In this study, the effect of a high fat diet (HFD) alone or supplemented with these additives on brain neuropeptides and neurotransmitters was assessed in forty-three young pigs fed for 10 weeks with a control diet (T1), a high fat diet (HFD, T2), and HFD with vegetal protein supplemented with Bifidobacterium breve CECT8242 alone (T3) or in combination with omega-3 fatty acids (T4). A HFD provoked changes in regulatory neuropeptides and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the hypothalamus and alterations mostly in the dopaminergic system in the ventral hippocampus. Supplementation of the HFD with B. breve CECT8242, especially in combination with omega-3 fatty acids, was able to partially reverse the effects of HFD. Correlations between productive and neurochemical parameters supported these findings. These results confirm that pigs are an appropriate animal model alternative to rodents for the study of the effects of HFD on weight gain and obesity. Furthermore, they indicate the potential benefits of probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Valent
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Arroyo
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. Fàbrega
- Food Science – Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Monells, Girona, Spain
| | - M. Font-i-Furnols
- Animal Science – Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Monells, Girona, Spain
| | | | | | - J. Tibau
- Animal Science – Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Monells, Girona, Spain
| | - A. Bassols
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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46
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Yang J, Yang Y, Ishii M, Nagata M, Aw W, Obana N, Tomita M, Nomura N, Fukuda S. Does the Gut Microbiota Modulate Host Physiology through Polymicrobial Biofilms? Microbes Environ 2020; 35. [PMID: 32624527 PMCID: PMC7511787 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me20037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes inhabit various environments, such as soil, water environments, plants, and animals. Humans harbor a complex commensal microbial community in the gastrointestinal tract, which is known as the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota participates not only in various metabolic processes in the human body, it also plays a critical role in host immune responses. Gut microbes that inhabit the intestinal epithelial surface form polymicrobial biofilms. In the last decade, it has been widely reported that gut microbial biofilms and gut microbiota-derived products, such as metabolites and bacterial membrane vesicles, not only directly affect the host intestinal environment, but also indirectly influence the health of the host. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings from human and animal studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and hosts, and their associations with various disorders, including inflammatory diseases, atopic dermatitis, metabolic disorders, and psychiatric and neurological diseases. The integrated approach of metabologenomics together with biofilm imaging may provide valuable insights into the gut microbiota and suggest remedies that may lead to a healthier society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Yang
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University.,Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University
| | | | - Manami Ishii
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University.,Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University
| | - Mayuko Nagata
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University.,Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University
| | - Wanping Aw
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University.,Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba
| | - Masaru Tomita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University.,Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University.,Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba.,Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University.,Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University.,Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba.,Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology.,Metabologenomics, Inc
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47
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López-Moreno A, Suárez A, Avanzi C, Monteoliva-Sánchez M, Aguilera M. Probiotic Strains and Intervention Total Doses for Modulating Obesity-Related Microbiota Dysbiosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1921. [PMID: 32610476 PMCID: PMC7400323 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health threat worldwide. Administration of probiotics in obesity has also parallelly increased but without any protocolization. We conducted a systematic review exploring the administration pattern of probiotic strains and effective doses for obesity-related disorders according to their capacity of positively modulating key biomarkers and microbiota dysbiosis. Manuscripts targeting probiotic strains and doses administered for obesity-related disorders in clinical studies were sought. MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using keywords during the last fifteen years up to April 2020. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and then full-text papers against inclusion criteria according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. From 549 interventional reports identified, we filtered 171 eligible studies, from which 24 full-text assays were used for calculating intervention total doses (ITD) of specific species and strains administered. Nine of these reports were excluded in the second-step because no specific data on gut microbiota modulation was found. Six clinical trials (CT) and 9 animal clinical studies were retained for analysis of complete outcome prioritized (body mass index (BMI), adiposity parameters, glucose, and plasma lipid biomarkers, and gut hormones). Lactobacillus spp. administered were double compared to Bifidobacterium spp.; Lactobacillus as single or multispecies formulations whereas most Bifidobacteria only through multispecies supplementations. Differential factors were estimated from obese populations' vs. obesity-induced animals: ITD ratio of 2 × 106 CFU and patterns of administrations of 11.3 weeks to 5.5 weeks, respectively. Estimation of overall probiotics impact from selected CT was performed through a random-effects model to pool effect sizes. Comparisons showed a positive association between the probiotics group vs. placebo on the reduction of BMI, total cholesterol, leptin, and adiponectin. Moreover, negative estimation appeared for glucose (FPG) and CRP. While clinical trials including data for positive modulatory microbiota capacities suggested that high doses of common single and multispecies of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium ameliorated key obesity-related parameters, the major limitation was the high variability between studies and lack of standardized protocols. Efforts in solving this problem and searching for next-generation probiotics for obesity-related diseases would highly improve the rational use of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.A.); (M.M.-S.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Antonio Suárez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Camila Avanzi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.A.); (M.M.-S.)
| | - Mercedes Monteoliva-Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.A.); (M.M.-S.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Margarita Aguilera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.A.); (M.M.-S.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- IBS: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs., 18012 Granada, Spain
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48
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Effects of thylakoid intake on appetite and weight loss: a systematic review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:565-573. [PMID: 32550209 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown thylakoids, the membrane proteins which are extracted from green leaves like spinach, can induce satiety through homeostatic and non-homeostatic pathways. In this study, we reviewed the current human literature on thylakoids' characteristics and their relationship to satiety regulation and weight loss. Methods A systematic search of literature published between January 1990 and May 2019 was conducted on the electronic databases; including WEB OF SCIENCE, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE databases. We included all clinical trials that addressed the effects of thylakoids or chloroplast intake on satiety and weight loss. Results After excluding non-human studies, non-RCTs, duplications, studies with irrelevant data and interventions, eight studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. All studies supported this hypothesis that thylakoids reduce the feeling of hunger by increasing postprandial cholecystokinin and leptin and decreasing serum ghrelin, but the consequences of thylakoid intake on anthropometric characteristics were controversial. Conclusion In conclusion, our results may approve this postulation that receiving a thylakoid-enriched meal can decrease appetite and probably food intake in short term; however, more studies are needed to explore the effects of long term supplementation with thylakoids on weight loss in human subjects.
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49
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Zhang Z, Yu X, Geng X. Protective role of three differently processed corn bran on glucose and lipid concentrations in d-galactose-induced mice model. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13281. [PMID: 32557758 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this research, the effects of three differently processed corn bran (corn bran soluble hemicellulose (HEM), hemicellulose hydrolyzed by oxalic acid (HOA), Amberlite XAD-2 eluate (XE)) on the changes of glucose and lipid concentrations of d-galactose (d-gal)-induced mice were investigated. The mice were divided into five groups and intragastric administration HEM, HOA, and XE at 200 mg/kg Body Weight (BW) for continuously 6 weeks. Mice were submitted under oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).Then, the serum insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1), serum C-peptide, hepatic glycogen (HG), muscle glycogen (MG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) of all the mice were detected. As we can see, by inducing with d-gal, the glucose and lipid concentrations of aging mice could be effectively regulated by HEM, HOA, and XE. High degree of esterification feruloylated oligosaccharides has the most obvious effect of regulating glucose and lipid concentrations. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Corn bran has not been fully paid attention owing to the rough taste and the poor water solubility. Actually, corn bran, a renewable resource available in a large quantity, could be a goods source of valuable consumer products. The results of this study indicated that three differently processed corn brans could regulate glucose and lipid concentrations and XE had the most obvious effect of regulating glucose and lipid concentrations. Corn bran could advantage as a new type of environmentally and inexpensive food supplements on reducing blood glucose and lipid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaorong Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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50
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Ojima MN, Gotoh A, Takada H, Odamaki T, Xiao JZ, Katoh T, Katayama T. Bifidobacterium bifidum Suppresses Gut Inflammation Caused by Repeated Antibiotic Disturbance Without Recovering Gut Microbiome Diversity in Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1349. [PMID: 32625197 PMCID: PMC7314955 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a dynamic community that significantly affects host health; it is frequently disturbed by medications such as antibiotics. Recently, probiotics have been proposed as a remedy for antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, but the efficacy of such treatments remains uncertain. Thus, the effect of specific antibiotic-probiotic combinations on the gut microbiome and host health warrants further research. We tested the effect vancomycin, amoxicillin, and ciprofloxacin on mice. Antibiotic administration was followed by one of the following recovery treatments: Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM 1254 as a probiotic (PR); fecal transplant (FT); or natural recovery (NR). Each antibiotic administration and recovery treatment was repeated three times over 9 weeks. We used the Shannon Index and Chao1 Index to determine gut microbiome diversity and assessed recovery by quantifying the magnitude of microbial shift using the Bray-Curtis Index of Dissimilarity. We determined the community composition by sequencing the V3-V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. To assess host health, we measured body weight and cecum weight, as well as mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. Our results show that community response varied by the type of antibiotic used, with vancomycin having the most significant effects. As a result, the effect of probiotics and fecal transplants also varied by antibiotic type. For vancomycin, the first antibiotic disturbance substantially increased the relative abundance of inflammatory species in the phylum Proteobacteria, such as Proteus, but the effect of subsequent disturbances was less pronounced, suggesting that the gut microbiome is affected by past disturbance events. Furthermore, although gut microbiome diversity did not recover, probiotic supplementation was effective in limiting cecum size enlargement and colonic inflammation caused by vancomycin. However, for amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin, the relative abundances of proinflammatory species were not greatly affected, and consequently, the effect of probiotic supplementation on community structure, cecum weight, and expression of inflammation-related genes was comparatively negligible. These results indicate that probiotic supplementation is effective, but only when antibiotics cause proinflammatory species-induced gut inflammation, suggesting that the necessity of probiotic supplementation is strongly influenced by the type of disturbance introduced to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam N. Ojima
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aina Gotoh
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Takada
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Jin-Zhong Xiao
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Katoh
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takane Katayama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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