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Antony B, Montagné N, Comte A, Mfarrej S, Jakše J, Capoduro R, Shelke R, Cali K, AlSaleh MA, Persaud K, Pain A, Jacquin-Joly E. Deorphanizing an odorant receptor tuned to palm tree volatile esters in the Asian palm weevil sheds light on the mechanisms of palm tree selection. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 169:104129. [PMID: 38704126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The Asian palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is a tremendously important agricultural pest primarily adapted to palm trees and causes severe destruction, threatening sustainable palm cultivation worldwide. The host plant selection of this weevil is mainly attributed to the functional specialization of odorant receptors (ORs) that detect palm-derived volatiles. Yet, ligands are known for only two ORs of R. ferrugineus, and we still lack information on the mechanisms of palm tree detection. This study identified a highly expressed antennal R. ferrugineus OR, RferOR2, thanks to newly generated transcriptomic data. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that RferOR2 belongs to the major coleopteran OR group 2A and is closely related to a sister clade containing an R. ferrugineus OR (RferOR41) tuned to the non-host plant volatile and antagonist, α-pinene. Functional characterization of RferOR2 via heterologous expression in Drosophila olfactory neurons revealed that this receptor is tuned to several ecologically relevant palm-emitted odors, most notably ethyl and methyl ester compounds, but not to any of the pheromone compounds tested, including the R. ferrugineus aggregation pheromone. We did not evidence any differential expression of RferOR2 in the antennae of both sexes, suggesting males and females detect these compounds equally. Next, we used the newly identified RferOR2 ligands to demonstrate that including synthetic palm ester volatiles as single compounds and in combinations in pheromone-based mass trapping has a synergistic attractiveness effect to R. ferrugineus aggregation pheromone, resulting in significantly increased weevil catches. Our study identified a key OR from a palm weevil species tuned to several ecologically relevant palm volatiles and represents a significant step forward in understanding the chemosensory mechanisms of host detection in palm weevils. Our study also defines RferOR2 as an essential model for exploring the molecular basis of host detection in other palm weevil species. Finally, our work showed that insect OR deorphanization could aid in identifying novel behaviorally active volatiles that can interfere with weevil host-searching behavior in sustainable pest management applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu Antony
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Center for Chemical Ecology and Functional Genomics, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nicolas Montagné
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Arthur Comte
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Sara Mfarrej
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Bioscience Programme, BESE Division, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jernej Jakše
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rémi Capoduro
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Rajan Shelke
- Don Bosco College of Agriculture, Agricultural Entomology Department, Sulcorna, Goa, 403705, India
| | - Khasim Cali
- The University of Manchester, Department of Chemical Engineering, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mohammed Ali AlSaleh
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Center for Chemical Ecology and Functional Genomics, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishna Persaud
- The University of Manchester, Department of Chemical Engineering, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Arnab Pain
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Bioscience Programme, BESE Division, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly
- INRAE, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, UPEC, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, 78000, Versailles, France
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Na SM, Im GI, Lee WS, Kim DG. Assessment of Attractant Combinations for the Management of Red Palm Weevils ( Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) in the United Arab Emirates. INSECTS 2024; 15:218. [PMID: 38667348 PMCID: PMC11049854 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study examined red palm weevil ecology in the United Arab Emirates to develop effective food baits, pheromone, and eco-friendly trapping methods. Three phases of investigation were conducted (from June to December 2023) on date palm farms in Ras Al Khaimah and Abu Dhabi. The first two phases, each 15 days long, were conducted in Ras Al Khaimah, whereas the third phase, 18 days long, was conducted in Abu Dhabi. Chemical attractants, such as existing pheromones and ethyl acetate, a newly synthesized ferruginol pheromone, and food baits, such as original dates, date paste, coconut water, and date palm syrup, were used to attract the weevils. Multi-funnel traps containing various attractant mixes were tested. The main activity of the red palm weevils was observed from 3:00 to 6:00 a.m., with 85.72 ± 3.39% being captured during this period, coinciding with cooler temperatures. When pheromones were added to the food bait, the capture rate increased by 6.95 ± 1.81 times. Combining food bait, ethyl acetate, and pheromones improved the capture rates by 3.14 ± 0.69 times compared to pheromones alone. The newly synthesized pheromone achieved capture rates 2.69 ± 0.07 times higher than those of the commercially available pheromone, confirming its suitability as a red palm weevil attractant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Mi Na
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gue-Il Im
- IMPROCK Co., Ltd., Bucheon 14452, Republic of Korea; (G.-I.I.); (W.-S.L.)
| | - Woon-Seok Lee
- IMPROCK Co., Ltd., Bucheon 14452, Republic of Korea; (G.-I.I.); (W.-S.L.)
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
- Smith College of Liberal Arts, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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Hoddle MS, Antony B, El-Shafie HAF, Chamorro ML, Milosavljević I, Löhr B, Faleiro JR. Taxonomy, Biology, Symbionts, Omics, and Management of Rhynchophorus Palm Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae). ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 69:455-479. [PMID: 38270987 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-013023-121139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Palm weevils, Rhynchophorus spp., are destructive pests of native, ornamental, and agricultural palm species. Of the 10 recognized species, two of the most injurious species, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Rhynchophorus palmarum, both of which have spread beyond their native range, are the best studied. Due to its greater global spread and damage to edible date industries in the Middle East, R. ferrugineus has received more research interest. Integrated pest management programs utilize traps baited with aggregation pheromone, removal of infested palms, and insecticides. However, weevil control is costly, development of resistance to insecticides is problematic, and program efficacy can be impaired because early detection of infestations is difficult. The genome of R. ferrugineus has been sequenced, and omics research is providing insight into pheromone communication and changes in volatile and metabolism profiles of weevil-infested palms. We outline how such developments could lead to new control strategies and early detection tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Hoddle
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA; ,
| | - Binu Antony
- Chair of Date Palm Research, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamadttu A F El-Shafie
- Sustainable Date Palm Pest Management Research Program, Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Hofuf-Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia;
| | - M Lourdes Chamorro
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA;
| | - Ivan Milosavljević
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA; ,
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Naveed H, Andoh V, Islam W, Chen L, Chen K. Sustainable Pest Management in Date Palm Ecosystems: Unveiling the Ecological Dynamics of Red Palm Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestations. INSECTS 2023; 14:859. [PMID: 37999058 PMCID: PMC10671898 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW) poses a significant threat to date palm ecosystems, highlighting the necessity of sustainable pest management strategies that carefully consider the delicate ecological balance within these environments. This comprehensive review delves into innovative approaches to sustainable pest management, specifically focusing on date palm, and seeks to unravel the intricate ecological dynamics underlying RPW infestations. We thoroughly analyze biocontrol methods, eco-friendly chemical interventions, and integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, aiming to minimize the ecological impact while effectively addressing RPW infestations. By emphasizing the interplay of both living organisms (biotic) and environmental factors (abiotic) in shaping RPW dynamics, we advocate for a holistic and sustainable management approach that ensures the long-term resilience of date palm ecosystems. This review aims to contribute to an ecologically sound framework for pest management, promoting the sustainability and vitality of date palm ecosystems amidst the challenges posed by the RPW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Naveed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (H.N.); (V.A.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Vivian Andoh
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (H.N.); (V.A.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Keping Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (H.N.); (V.A.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Belvedere S, Arnone S, Cristofaro M, La Marca A, De Biase A. Paternity Analyses for the Planning of SIT Projects against the Red Palm Weevil. INSECTS 2023; 14:326. [PMID: 37103141 PMCID: PMC10144754 DOI: 10.3390/insects14040326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is an invasive pest from southeastern Asia and Melanesia that has spread widely across the Middle East and the Mediterranean Basin over the last 30 years. Its endophagous larvae cause huge amounts of damage to several palm tree species from the Arecaceae family. Many of these palms are economically important for agricultural and ornamental purposes. Therefore, a lot of attention has recently been focused on studying this species with the aim of identifying sustainable and effective eradication strategies. Sterile insect techniques are biological control strategies that are currently being investigated for their potential to eradicate this pest in selected invasion areas. Mating system features (e.g., polyandry and related features) can affect the success and suitability of these approaches. The main goal of this research was to assess the performance of a previously developed microsatellite panel in terms of the paternity assignment of progeny from laboratory mating experiments. Using a simulation approach, we evaluated the reliability of the microsatellite markers in the paternity tests both in complex laboratory experiment scenarios and on the progeny of wild-caught gravid females to help future studies on the RPW mating system. As a case study of the simulation results, we performed two double-mating experiments, genotyped the progeny and estimated the P2 values to compare to the expected progeny genotypes according to the crossing scheme of each experiment. The results of our simulations on laboratory experiments showed that it was possible to carry out paternity assignments for all progeny with reliable statistical confidence using our 13 microsatellites set. On the contrary the low genetic variability measured in red palm weevil populations in invaded areas made the resolution power of our loci too low to carry out paternity analyses on natural populations. Results of laboratory crossing were completely congruent with the expectations from the Mendelian laws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Belvedere
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Arnone
- ENEA C.R. Casaccia TERIN-BBC-BIC, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Cristofaro
- BBCA-Onlus, Via Angelo Signorelli 105, 00123 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.L.M.)
| | | | - Alessio De Biase
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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Manee MM, Alqahtani FH, Al-Shomrani BM, El-Shafie HAF, Dias GB. Omics in the Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): A Bridge to the Pest. INSECTS 2023; 14:255. [PMID: 36975940 PMCID: PMC10054242 DOI: 10.3390/insects14030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most devastating pest of palm trees worldwide. Mitigation of the economic and biodiversity impact it causes is an international priority that could be greatly aided by a better understanding of its biology and genetics. Despite its relevance, the biology of the RPW remains poorly understood, and research on management strategies often focuses on outdated empirical methods that produce sub-optimal results. With the development of omics approaches in genetic research, new avenues for pest control are becoming increasingly feasible. For example, genetic engineering approaches become available once a species's target genes are well characterized in terms of their sequence, but also population variability, epistatic interactions, and more. In the last few years alone, there have been major advances in omics studies of the RPW. Multiple draft genomes are currently available, along with short and long-read transcriptomes, and metagenomes, which have facilitated the identification of genes of interest to the RPW scientific community. This review describes omics approaches previously applied to RPW research, highlights findings that could be impactful for pest management, and emphasizes future opportunities and challenges in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manee M. Manee
- National Center for Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural and Food Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad H. Alqahtani
- National Center for Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural and Food Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr M. Al-Shomrani
- National Center for Bioinformatics, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural and Food Technologies, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
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Nasir MH, Bhassu S, Mispan MS, Bakar SA, Jing KJ, Omar H. Molecular Identification and Genetic Variation of Rattus Species From Oil Palm Plantations of Malaysia Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene Sequences. Zoolog Sci 2022; 39:554-561. [PMID: 36495490 DOI: 10.2108/zs210093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rats (Rattus species) are the most notorious vertebrate pests in Malaysian oil palm plantations. Although many studies have been conducted on Asian rats, little attention has been paid to their species composition and phylogenetic relationships in oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia. We determined the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequence (708 bp) for 216 individual rats collected from five oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia. Phylogenetic analysis in conjunction with comparison with sequences from the nucleotide sequence database revealed five distinct lineages in the Malaysian oil plantations: Rattus tiomanicus, Rattus argentiventer, Rattus exulans, Rattus tanezumi, and a taxon corresponding to the Malayan house rat, which was most frequently observed (∼50%). The last taxon has traditionally been classified as a synonym of Rattus rattus (Rattus rattus diardii) or Rattus tanezumi, but our phylogenetic analysis placed it as an independent lineage, which is not particularly closely related to R. rattus or R. tanezumi, and which we refer to as Rattus diardii. The construction of the network showed that there is considerable genetic variation within the lineages of R. diardii and R tiomanicus, suggesting that these two species are native to the Malay Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Harris Nasir
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Animal Genetics and Genome Evolutionary Laboratory (AGAGEL), Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Biotechnology in Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Animal Genetics and Genome Evolutionary Laboratory (AGAGEL), Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Shakirin Mispan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Biotechnology in Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sazaly Abu Bakar
- Tick Cell Biobank Asia Outpost, Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khoo Jing Jing
- Tick Cell Biobank Asia Outpost, Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hasmahzaiti Omar
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, .,Centre for Biotechnology in Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Museum of Zoology (Block J14), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Darrag HM, Almuhanna HT, Hakami EH, Alhojaily SM. Analysis of Volatile Secondary Metabolites in Ocimum basilicum Cell Suspensions: Inhibition, In Silico Molecular Docking, and an ADMET Analysis against Proteolytic Enzymes of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2949. [PMID: 36365402 PMCID: PMC9655874 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Our study's overarching goal was to determine which O. basilicum cell suspensions approach yielded the most insecticidal and R. ferrugineus-inhibitory volatile secondary metabolites. After inoculation with Verticillium dahliae as an activator, the growth kinetics were measured, and the extract was identified using GC-MS. Validation was achieved for the insecticidal efficacy of a volatile extract, the pure phenolic content against larva and adult R. ferrugineus, and the inhibitory effect on proteases (in vivo and in vitro). The volatile extract achieved an LC50 of 1229 µg/mL and an LD50 of 13.8 µg/larva. The LC50 values for β-bergamotene, α-eudesmol, β-farnesene, linalool, 1,8-cineole, eugenol, α-guaiene, and β-caryophyllene were 1294, 1312, 1356, 1398, 1426, 1459, 1491, and 1523 g/mL, respectively. The LD50 activities of α-eudesmol, linalool, 1,8-cineole, eugenol, and nerol were 12.4, 13.7, 13.9, 14.2, and 15.6 g/larva, respectively. Active volatile extract of O. basilicum inhibited trypsin proteinase, elastase, cysteine, overall protease, and metalloprotease activity with IC50 values of 89.4, 101.7, 394.7, 112.4, and 535.2 µg/mL and 178.5, 192.4, 547.3, 208.3, and 924.8 µg/mL, in vitro and in vivo, respectively. There was evidence of action against total proteases (in vitro) with IC50 values of 78.9, 81.2, 88.6, 90.7, 91.5, 97.6, 107.4, and 176.3 µg/mL for β-bergamotene, α-eudesmol, β-farnesene, linalool, 1,8-cineole, eugenol, α-guaiene, and β-caryophyllene, respectively. Total proteases (in vivo) are inhibited by the α-eudesmol, linalool, 1,8-cineole, eugenol, nerol, and (E)-β-ocimene, with IC50 values of 162.3, 192.7, 193.1, 201.4, 248.6, and 273.2 µg/mL, respectively. ADMET and molecular docking modeling were the only two methods used to conduct in-depth computational analyses of compounds. The study recommended using an efficient cell suspension method to produce a volatile extract rich in useful secondary metabolites that may be utilized as a bio-insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Moustafa Darrag
- Department of Research and Training, Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pesticide Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
| | - Hani Taher Almuhanna
- Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sameer M. Alhojaily
- Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Otaibi WM, Alghamdi KM, Mahyoub JA. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic relationships among Rhynchophorus sp. haplotypes in Makkah Al-Mukarramah Region-KSA. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103388. [PMID: 35923599 PMCID: PMC9340515 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims at detecting and characterizing haplotypes of red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus sp. in the Western region of Saudi Arabia based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequence. The results indicated the occurrence of 17 nucleotide substitutions, of which three were nonsynonymous (NS). These three NS substitutions resulted in the variation in amino acid sequence in three positions, out of 133. These amino acids are isoleucine/valine, glycine/serine, and arginine/histidine. Based on the chemical properties of the cytochrome C oxidase (COX) enzyme, it is likely that the change at the first position has no effect, while changes at the other two positions can affect the chemical properties of the enzyme. At the three-dimensional (3D) level, the first two positions exist at the border or inside loop 3–4 of the enzyme, while the third position exists inside loop 4–5. These two loops influence the folding pattern of the enzyme, thus, likely affecting the function of the enzyme. However, it is unlikely that variations in the three positions will affect the binding ability of the heme group, which promotes the action of the COX enzyme in the electron transport chain. Variations in chemical properties and 3D structure of COX enzyme might be an evolutionary process (positive selection) that promotes in-time and in-site adaptation to the insect. In conclusion, this study can be helpful in pest management programs and in tracing RPW geographic spread and migration in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Mohammed Al-Otaibi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Khalid Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jazem A. Mahyoub
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- IBB University, Ibb, Republic of Yemen
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Microsatellite Variation in the Most Devastating Beetle Pests (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of Agricultural and Forest Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179847. [PMID: 36077247 PMCID: PMC9456221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Weevils, classified in the family Curculionidae (true weevils), constitute a group of phytophagous insects of which many species are considered significant pests of crops. Within this family, the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, has an integral role in destroying crops and has invaded all countries of the Middle East and many in North Africa, Southern Europe, Southeast Asia, Oceania, and the Caribbean Islands. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs), also termed microsatellites, have become the DNA marker technology most applied to study population structure, evolution, and genetic diversity. Although these markers have been widely examined in many mammalian and plant species, and draft genome assemblies are available for many species of true weevils, very little is yet known about SSRs in weevil genomes. Here we carried out a comparative analysis examining and comparing the relative abundance, relative density, and GC content of SSRs in previously sequenced draft genomes of nine true weevils, with an emphasis on R. ferrugineus. We also used Illumina paired-end sequencing to generate draft sequence for adult female RPW and characterized it in terms of perfect SSRs with 1–6 bp nucleotide motifs. Among weevil genomes, mono- to trinucleotide SSRs were the most frequent, and mono-, di-, and hexanucleotide SSRs exhibited the highest GC content. In these draft genomes, SSR number and genome size were significantly correlated. This work will aid our understanding of the genome architecture and evolution of Curculionidae weevils and facilitate exploring SSR molecular marker development in these species.
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Genetic Diversity of Palm Weevils, Rhynchophorus Species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by Mitochondrial COI Gene Sequences Declares a New Species, R. bilineatus in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Darrag HM, Almuhanna HT, Hakami EH. Secondary Metabolites in Basil, Bio-Insecticide, Inhibition Effect, and In Silico Molecular Docking against Proteolytic Enzymes of the Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081087. [PMID: 35448815 PMCID: PMC9027599 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to determine the secondary metabolites generated by O. basilicum cell suspensions, as well as their insecticide and inhibitory activity against R. ferrugineus. The growth kinetics with inoculation Verticillium dahliae were determined and identified using LC-MS. Determination of total phenolic components (TFC), flavonoids (TF), and condensed tannins (TCT) were measured. Insecticidal activity of O. basilicum extract against R. ferrugineus (larva and adult) and proteolytic enzymes activity were assessed (in vitro and in vivo). The O.basilicum extract had an LC50 of 1238 µg/mL and an LD50 of 13.4 µg/larva. The LC50 of chicoric acid, ursolic acid, salvigenin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, rosmarinyl glucoside, and nepetoidin B demonstrated activity at an LC50 of 1132, 1167, 1189, 1214, 1275, and 1317 µg/mL, respectively. Chicoric acid, salvigenin, nepetoidin B, and rosmarinic acid demonstrated an LD50 activity of 10.23, 11.4, 11.9, and 12.4 µg/larva, respectively. The active extract of O. basilicum inhibited total protease, trypsin-like serine proteinases, elastase, cysteine, and metalloprotease activity with an IC50 (in vitro) of 119.4, 91, 102.4, 76.4, and 52.4 µg/mL, respectively. In silico studies of compounds were conducted, such as molecular docking and ADMET analysis. The study proposes using an efficient cell suspension technique to produce O. basilicum extract containing active secondary metabolites and accessible using as bio-insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Moustafa Darrag
- Department of Research and Training, Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pesticide Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-508299027
| | - Hani Taher Almuhanna
- Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.T.A.); (E.H.H.)
| | - Emadaldeen Hamad Hakami
- Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (H.T.A.); (E.H.H.)
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Fouda MMA, Tufail M, Takeda M, Mahmoud SH. DNA barcoding and population genetic structure of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Egypt based on mtDNA sequencing. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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A Review of Entomopathogenic Nematodes as a Biological Control Agent for Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13030245. [PMID: 35323543 PMCID: PMC8953725 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a severe pest of palm trees worldwide. The development and feeding activities of R. ferrugineus larvae inside the trunk damage palm trees. However, the absence of noticeable infestation signs at an early stage contributes to the spread of the attack. Integrated pest management (IPM) has been introduced to control R. ferrugineus infestation by implementing various approaches and techniques. The application of chemical pesticides has shown impressive results. However, biological control should be applied as an alternative solution due to adverse environmental impacts and pest resistance issues. One example is the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as biological control agents, which can forage and attack targeted pests without compromising the environment and other nontarget organisms. EPNs and their symbiotic bacteria have a mutualistic interaction that can kill the host within a short period of time. Therefore, this review emphasizes the effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria against R. ferrugineus.
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Cryoprotective Response as Part of the Adaptive Strategy of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, against Low Temperatures. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13020134. [PMID: 35206708 PMCID: PMC8879650 DOI: 10.3390/insects13020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Low environmental temperature acts as a barrier that imposes limits on the geographic distribution of insects. However, due to Earth’s global warming, temperature might no longer be an impediment for insects to colonize some new areas. The spread of pest insects will depend on their adaptive response to cold periods and to thermal anomalies associated with climate change. In this study we analyzed whether the red palm weevil (RPW), one of the worst palm pests worldwide and native to warm areas, has physiological mechanisms that could configure an adaptive response to cold. We find that RPW is capable of rapidly producing substances that reduce chill injuries, primarily glucose as well as glycerol and several amino acids (mainly alanine). Therefore, this work shows for the first time that RPW is able to develop adaptive biochemical responses to deal with low temperatures, similar to those used by overwintering insects. Our results could be useful to improve models predicting the possible spread of RPW to new geographical areas, and also to try to prevent its adaptive response by disrupting the metabolic pathways regulating the involved substances. Abstract The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is one of the worst palm pests worldwide. In this work, we studied the physiological basis underlying its adaptive strategy against low temperatures. Specifically, we analyzed the main low-molecular-weight biochemical substances acting as possible endogenous cryoprotectants, as well as their efficiency in reducing cold injury by preserving K+/Na+ homeostasis. Wild pre-pupae were cold-treated (5.0 ± 0.5 °C) or non-treated (23 ± 1 °C) for 7 days. We then determined the levels of: (a) glucose, trehalose and glycerol, spectrophotometrically, (b) amino acids, by liquid chromatography and (c) potassium and sodium, by inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. Cold-treated larvae increased their potassium level, suggesting some degree of chill injury. However, part of the cold-exposed animals was able to develop an efficient overall cryoprotective response which primarily includes glucose, as well as glycerol and several amino acids (mainly alanine). Our study shows for the first time that RPW is capable of deploying effective physiological mechanisms for a rapid response to cold, which could be relevant to improving predictive models of geographic distribution, especially in a context of climate change. The knowledge of the specific molecules involved would allow future studies to try to prevent its adaptive strategy, either by natural or chemical methods.
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Yap JWL, Lee YY, Tang TK, Chong LC, Kuan CH, Lai OM, Phuah ET. Fatty acid profile, minor bioactive constituents and physicochemical properties of insect-based oils: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-16. [PMID: 34913758 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2015681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Insect-based food or ingredients have received tremendous attention worldwide because of their potential to ensure food and nutrition security, mitigating the reliance on land-dependent agricultural products. Indeed, insect-farming has low environmental impacts with reduced land, water and energy input. More importantly, insects are rich in high quality proteins and fats. They are also excellent sources of minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds. Insect-based lipids are intriguing because they may contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids particularly linoleic and α-linolenic acids. Besides, the insect-based lipids also show a considerable amount of bioactive components such as tocols, sterols and carotenoids. However, their fatty acid compositions and the nutritional values may vary depending on species, feed composition, developmental stage, geographical locations, and extraction techniques. Therefore, the present article aims to provide a comprehensive review on the fatty acid composition, the minor bioactive constituents and the physicochemical properties of fats and oils derived from insects of different orders (Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Diptera). The various parameters affecting the nutritional compositions of the insect-based lipids will also be highlighted. These information will definitely provide a detailed insight on the potential applications of these fats in various food systems based on their unique properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Wee-Lek Yap
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.,Monash Industry Palm Oil Research Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Selangor, Malaysia Bandar Sunway
| | - Teck-Kim Tang
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li-Choo Chong
- School of Food Studies and Gastronomy, Faculty of Social Science and Leisure Management, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Hao Kuan
- Department of Food Science with Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Oi-Ming Lai
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eng-Tong Phuah
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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In silico characterization, docking, and simulations to understand host-pathogen interactions in an effort to enhance crop production in date palms. J Mol Model 2021; 27:339. [PMID: 34731299 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Food safety remains a significant challenge despite the growth and development in agricultural research and the advent of modern biotechnological and agricultural tools. Though the agriculturist struggles to aid the growing population's needs, many pathogen-based plant diseases by their direct impact on cell division and tissue development have led to the loss of tons of food crops every year. Though there are many conventional and traditional methods to overcome this issue, the amount and time spend are huge. Scientists have developed systems biology tools to study the root cause of the problem and rectify it. Host-pathogen protein interactions (HPIs) have a promising role in identifying the pathogens' strategy to conquer the host organism. In this paper, the interactions between the host Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (an invasive wood-boring pest that destroys palm) and the pathogens Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, and Klebsiella pneumoniae are comprehensively studied using protein-protein interactions, molecular docking, and followed by 200 ns molecular dynamic simulations. This study elucidates the structural and functional basis of these proteins leading towards better plant health, production, and reliability.
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Sabit H, Abdel-Ghany S, Al-Dhafar Z, Said OA, Ali Al-Saeed J, Ahmed Alfehaid Y, Aly Osman M. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5621-5630. [PMID: 34588873 PMCID: PMC8459039 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Red palm weevil (RPW) is the most aggressive date palm parasite in the Middle East, and especially in the Gulf region. Originated in Southeast Asia, this pest has been detected in the entire Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, Italy, Latin America, and other territories. It is important to local from obtrusive species, which help augmenting the pest control strategies. In the present study we collected 21 RPW samples from 21 different locations in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia to genetically characterize them using RAPD- and ISSR-based clustering. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) for RAPD data categorized the 21 accessions into seven distinct groups, with Al-Oyonn and Juaymah each categorized in solitary group, meanwhile, UPGMA for ISSR indicated six different groups, with Battaliyah, Al-Oyoon, and Juaymah each assigned to a separate group. Combining RAPD and ISSR data revealed two accession; Al-Oyoon and Juaymah that might be considered obtrusive species. Based on distance calculations, we proposed that the potential origins of RPW collected from these locations are Iran and the United Arab Emirates. However, this assumption needs further studies for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Sabit
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, P. O. Box 77, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zamzam Al-Dhafar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Said
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, P. O. Box 77, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jawad Ali Al-Saeed
- Center for Date Palm and Dates, Al-Qatif Branch, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Ahmed Alfehaid
- Center for Date Palm and Dates, Al-Qatif Branch, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Aly Osman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia.,Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Saudi Arabia
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Dalbon VA, Acevedo JPM, Ribeiro Junior KAL, Ribeiro TFL, da Silva JM, Fonseca HG, Santana AEG, Porcelli F. Perspectives for Synergic Blends of Attractive Sources in South American Palm Weevil Mass Trapping: Waiting for the Red Palm Weevil Brazil Invasion. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12090828. [PMID: 34564268 PMCID: PMC8466344 DOI: 10.3390/insects12090828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coupling several natural and synthetic lures with aggregation pheromones from the palm weevils Rhynchophorus palmarum and R. ferrugineus reveals a synergy that results in an increase in pest captures. The combined attraction of pure pheromones, ethyl acetate, and decaying sweet and starchy plant tissue increases the net total of mass-trapped weevils. The 2018 entrance of the red palm weevil (RPW) into South America has threatened palm-product income in Brazil and other neighboring countries. The presence of the new A1 quarantine pest necessitates the review of all available options for a sustainable mass-trapping, monitoring, and control strategy to ultimately target both weevils with the same device. The effective lure-blend set for the mass-trapping system will attract weevils in baiting and contaminating stations for entomopathogenic fungi that the same weevils will spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Araujo Dalbon
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Juan Pablo Molina Acevedo
- Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research Agrosavia C. I. Turipana—AGROSAVIA, Km. 13, Vía Montería-Cereté 230558, Córdoba, Colombia;
| | - Karlos Antônio Lisboa Ribeiro Junior
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Thyago Fernando Lisboa Ribeiro
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Joao Manoel da Silva
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LM, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil;
| | - Henrique Goulart Fonseca
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Antônio Euzébio Goulart Santana
- Natural Resources Research Laboratory, Center for Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Renorbio (LPqRN, CECA, Renorbio-UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil; (K.A.L.R.J.); (T.F.L.R.); (H.G.F.); (A.E.G.S.)
| | - Francesco Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola, 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy;
- CIHEAM Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari, Via Ceglie 9, 70010 Bari, Italy
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20
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The First Report for the Presence of Spiroplasma and Rickettsia in Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Egypt. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:593-604. [PMID: 33389546 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study of the Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), as an invasive pest of palm trees. METHODS In this study, 36 RPW individuals were collected from 6 different locations in Egypt. The presences of endosymbionts in the RPW individuals were assayed. The phylogenetic analysis of the RPW inhabiting Egypt was conducted using Cytochrome c oxidase sub-unit 1 (CO1) gene. RESULTS Spiroplasma was found, for the first time, in all individuals, while Rickettsia was found, for the first time, in individuals collected from only 3 of the 6 locations. Endosymbionts harbouring Egyptian RPW were closely related to those harbouring Diptera and\or Trombidiformes associated with palm trees. This may be due to horizontal transmission through palm sap or through ectoparasites living on the RPW. Finally, the phylogenetic analysis of the RPW inhabiting Egypt was conducted. The collected individuals were closely related to Saudi Arabia specimens collected from the eastern region. Thus, Saudi Arabia may be the origin of the RPW which invaded Egypt. Individuals from populations inhabiting the same geographical locations were closely related. This may be due to secondary invasion incidents that may have taken place through transportation of infested date palm trees and offshoots from infected to uninfected locations. CONCLUSION This study reports the first incidence for the presence and coexistence of Spiroplasma and Rickettsia in RPW collected from Egypt. In addition, it was found that the collected individuals of RPW were closely related to a Saudi haplotype. Thus, Saudi Arabia may be the origin of infection which invaded Egypt.
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Rizzo D, Moricca S, Bracalini M, Benigno A, Bernardo U, Luchi N, Da Lio D, Nugnes F, Cappellini G, Salemi C, Cacciola SO, Panzavolta T. Rapid Detection of Pityophthorus juglandis (Blackman) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) with the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Method. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061048. [PMID: 34067342 PMCID: PMC8224600 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis is a phloem-boring bark beetle responsible, in association with the ascomycete Geosmithia morbida, for the Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD) of walnut trees. The recent finding of TCD in Europe prompted the development of effective diagnostic protocols for the early detection of members of this insect/fungus complex. Here we report the development of a highly efficient, low-cost, and rapid method for detecting the beetle, or even just its biological traces, from environmental samples: the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. The method, designed on the 28S ribosomal RNA gene, showed high specificity and sensitivity, with no cross reactivity to other bark beetles and wood-boring insects. The test was successful even with very small amounts of the target insect’s nucleic acid, with limit values of 0.64 pg/µL and 3.2 pg/µL for WTB adults and frass, respectively. A comparison of the method (both in real time and visual) with conventional PCR did not display significant differences in terms of LoD. This LAMP protocol will enable quick, low-cost, and early detection of P. juglandis in areas with new infestations and for phytosanitary inspections at vulnerable sites (e.g., seaports, airports, loading stations, storage facilities, and wood processing companies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Salvatore Moricca
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Bracalini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Alessandra Benigno
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Umberto Bernardo
- Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), P. le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (U.B.); (F.N.)
| | - Nicola Luchi
- Florence Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Daniele Da Lio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Francesco Nugnes
- Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), P. le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (U.B.); (F.N.)
| | - Giovanni Cappellini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Salemi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Panzavolta
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
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Bio-Insecticide of Thymus vulgaris and Ocimum basilicum Extract from Cell Suspensions and Their Inhibitory Effect against Serine, Cysteine, and Metalloproteinases of the Red Palm Weevil ( Rhynchophorus ferrugineus). INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12050405. [PMID: 33946503 PMCID: PMC8147177 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the insecticide role of volatile constituents produced from cell suspensions of T. vulgaris and O. basilicum against R. ferrugineus. Constituents were extracted from cell suspension after 40 days. Growth kinetics were measured with an inoculation of Verticillium dahliae and identified by GC-MS. Total volatile phenolic constituents were measured. Insecticidal activity against R. ferrugineus (adult) and proteolytic enzyme activity in larvae were assessed. GC-MS showed that the T. vulgaris extract has higher amounts of thymol, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, β-caryophyllene, and linalool in comparison to the O. basilicum extract, which is rich in estragole, β-terpineol, (E)-β-ocimene, 1,8-cineole, germacrene D, and eugenol. The T. vulgaris extract showed an LC50 of 1032 µg/mL, followed by O. basilicum with an LC50 of 1246 µg/mL. The IC50 values against the total proteases were 110.8 and 119.4 µg/mL for T. vulgaris and O. basilicum, respectively. The IC50 for the trypsin-like serine proteinase assessment was 81.6 and 91 µg/mL for T. vulgaris and O. basilicum, respectively. Cysteine, chymotrypsin, and metalloproteinase assessment showed an IC50 above 5000 µg/mL for both extracts. The study is proposed as a potential approach to use T. vulgaris and O. basilicum extract as a bio-insecticide against R. ferrugineus using an accessible and efficient cell suspension technique.
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Chamorro ML, de Medeiros BAS, Farrell BD. First phylogenetic analysis of Dryophthorinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) based on structural alignment of ribosomal DNA reveals Cenozoic diversification. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1984-1998. [PMID: 33717436 PMCID: PMC7920784 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dryophthorinae is an economically important, ecologically distinct, and ubiquitous monophyletic group of pantropical weevils with more than 1,200 species in 153 genera. This study provides the first comprehensive phylogeny of the group with the aim to provide insights into the process and timing of diversification of phytophagous insects, inform classification and facilitate predictions. The taxon sampling is the most extensive to date and includes representatives of all five dryophthorine tribes and all but one subtribe. The phylogeny is based on secondary structural alignment of 18S and 28S rRNA totaling 3,764 nucleotides analyzed under Bayesian and maximum likelihood inference. We used a fossil-calibrated relaxed clock model with two approaches, node-dating and fossilized birth-death models, to estimate divergence times for the subfamily. All tribes except the species-rich Rhynchophorini were found to be monophyletic, but higher support is required to ascertain the paraphyly of Rhynchophorini with more confidence. Nephius is closely related to Dryophthorini and Stromboscerini, and there is strong evidence for paraphyly of Sphenophorina. We find a large gap between the divergence of Dryophthorinae from their sister group Platypodinae in the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary and the diversification of extant species in the Cenozoic, highlighting the role of coevolution with angiosperms in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lourdes Chamorro
- Systematic Entomology LaboratoryARS, USDA, c/o National Museum of Natural HistoryWashingtonDCUSA
| | | | - Brian D. Farrell
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary BiologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
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Abolafia J, Ruiz-Cuenca AN. Phoretic invertebrates associated with Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Canarian date palm from southern Spain. J NAT HIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1842930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Abolafia
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Alba N. Ruiz-Cuenca
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Isolation, Identification, and Bioinformatic Analysis of Antibacterial Proteins and Peptides from Immunized Hemolymph of Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010083. [PMID: 33440876 PMCID: PMC7826645 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, 1791, Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a destructive pest of palms, rapidly extending its native geographical range and causing large economic losses worldwide. The present work describes isolation, identification, and bioinformatic analysis of antibacterial proteins and peptides from the immunized hemolymph of this beetle. In total, 17 different bactericidal or bacteriostatic compounds were isolated via a series of high-pressure liquid chromatography steps, and their partial amino acid sequences were determined by N-terminal sequencing or by mass spectrometry. The bioinformatic analysis of the results facilitated identification and description of corresponding nucleotide coding sequences for each peptide and protein, based on the recently published R. ferrugineus transcriptome database. The identified compounds are represented by several well-known bactericidal factors: two peptides similar to defensins, one cecropin-A1-like peptide, and one attacin-B-like protein. Interestingly, we have also identified some unexpected compounds comprising five isoforms of pheromone-binding proteins as well as seven isoforms of odorant-binding proteins. The particular role of these factors in insect response to bacterial infection needs further investigation.
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Morphological response of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, to a transient low temperature analyzed by computer tomography and holographic microscopy. J Therm Biol 2020; 94:102748. [PMID: 33292989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is one of the worst palm pests worldwide. Our study aims to assess its internal and external morphological response to a sudden but transient decrease in the environmental temperature. Wild pre-pupae were subjected for 7 days to either low (5.0 ± 0.5 °C) or ambient temperature (23 ± 1 °C). Such conditions mimic a thermal anomaly happening in the larval stage most exposed to environmental factors. We quantified the changes undergone at: 1) the internal morphology, by X-Ray Computer Tomography (CT); 2) the 3-D integument' architecture, by Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM); and 3) the glucose in hemolymph as a potential endogenous cryoprotectant. From X-ray CT we found that both pre-pupae subjected to cold and those remaining at ambient temperature follow a development where their fat body content decreases while a thick and dense cuticle is formed. There was no difference between both groups in the rate of change of fat body/dense tissues. Nevertheless, the cold group presents a slight developmental delay at the level of hemolymph content. Through DHM we again obtained that pre-pupae subjected to cold have not experienced a stop in their development. However, a more obvious developmental delay is now observed in this group at the level of the integumental roughness. Finally, regarding glucose, we found similar levels in control and ambient temperature larvae, while it was clearly increased in 51,7% of those subjected to cold. Our whole results provide morphological and biochemical evidence showing that the larval-pupal transition of the RPW continues almost undisturbed even during the quiescent state induced by a sudden and severe cold event. Nevertheless, a certain developmental delay is observed in both internal and external morphology. Additionally, the increased glucose level only found in the cold group suggests that glucose is part of the RPW cold tolerance strategy.
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Witt A, Hula V, Suleiman AS, Van Damme K. First record of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) on Socotra Island (Yemen), an exotic pest with high potential for adverse economic impacts. RENDICONTI LINCEI. SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-020-00918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hazzouri KM, Sudalaimuthuasari N, Kundu B, Nelson D, Al-Deeb MA, Le Mansour A, Spencer JJ, Desplan C, Amiri KMA. The genome of pest Rhynchophorus ferrugineus reveals gene families important at the plant-beetle interface. Commun Biol 2020; 3:323. [PMID: 32581279 PMCID: PMC7314810 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, infests palm plantations, leading to large financial losses and soil erosion. Pest-host interactions are poorly understood in R. ferrugineus, but the analysis of genetic diversity and pest origins will help advance efforts to eradicate this pest. We sequenced the genome of R. ferrugineus using a combination of paired-end Illumina sequencing (150 bp), Oxford Nanopore long reads, 10X Genomics and synteny analysis to produce an assembly with a scaffold N50 of ~60 Mb. Structural variations showed duplication of detoxifying and insecticide resistance genes (e.g., glutathione S-transferase, P450, Rdl). Furthermore, the evolution of gene families identified those under positive selection including one glycosyl hydrolase (GH16) gene family, which appears to result from horizontal gene transfer. This genome will be a valuable resource to understand insect evolution and behavior and to allow the genetic modification of key genes that will help control this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Michel Hazzouri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | | | - Biduth Kundu
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - David Nelson
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Mohammad Ali Al-Deeb
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Alain Le Mansour
- Date Palm Tissue Culture, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Johnston J Spencer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, TAMU 2475, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Claude Desplan
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Khaled M A Amiri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
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Shapcott A, James H, Simmons L, Shimizu Y, Gardiner L, Rabehevitra D, Letsara R, Cable S, Dransfield J, Baker WJ, Rakotoarinivo M. Population modelling and genetics of a critically endangered Madagascan palm Tahina spectabilis. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:3120-3137. [PMID: 32211182 PMCID: PMC7083664 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Madagascar is home to 208 indigenous palm species, almost all of them endemic and >80% of which are endangered. We undertook complete population census and sampling for genetic analysis of a relatively recently discovered giant fan palm, the Critically Endangered Tahina spectablis in 2008 and 2016. Our 2016 study included newly discovered populations and added to our genetic study. We incorporated these new populations into species distribution niche model (SDM) and projected these onto maps of the region. We developed population matrix models based on observed demographic data to model population change and predict the species vulnerability to extinction by undertaking population viability analysis (PVA). We investigated the potential conservation value of reintroduced planted populations within the species potential suitable habitat. We found that the population studied in 2008 had grown in size due to seedling regeneration but had declined in the number of reproductively mature plants, and we were able to estimate that the species reproduces and dies after approximately 70 years. Our models suggest that if the habitat where it resides continues to be protected the species is unlikely to go extinct due to inherent population decline and that it will likely experience significant population growth after approximately 80 years due to the reproductive and life cycle attributes of the species. The newly discovered populations contain more genetic diversity than the first discovered southern population which is genetically depauperate. The species appears to demonstrate a pattern of dispersal leading to isolated founder plants which may eventually lead to population development depending on local establishment opportunities. The conservation efforts currently put in place including the reintroduction of plants within the species potential suitable habitat if maintained are thought likely to enable the species to sustain itself but it remains vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Shapcott
- Genecology Research Centre School of Science and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore Qld Australia
| | - Heather James
- Genecology Research Centre School of Science and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore Qld Australia
| | - Laura Simmons
- Genecology Research Centre School of Science and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore Qld Australia
| | - Yoko Shimizu
- Genecology Research Centre School of Science and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore Qld Australia
| | - Lauren Gardiner
- Cambridge University Herbarium Department of Plant Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | | | - Rokiman Letsara
- Parc Botanique et Zoologique deTsimbazaza Antananarivo Madagascar
| | | | | | | | - Mijoro Rakotoarinivo
- Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales Faculté des Sciences Université d'Antananarivo Antananarivo Madagascar
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Capacity of United States federal government and its partners to rapidly and accurately report the identity (taxonomy) of non-native organisms intercepted in early detection programs. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02147-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe early detection of and rapid response to invasive species (EDRR) depends on accurate and rapid identification of non-native species. The 2016–2018 National Invasive Species Council Management Plan called for an assessment of US government (federal) capacity to report on the identity of non-native organisms intercepted through early detection programs. This paper serves as the response to that action item. Here we summarize survey-based findings and make recommendations for improving the federal government’s capacity to identify non-native species authoritatively in a timely manner. We conclude with recommendations to improve accurate identification within the context of EDRR by increasing coordination, maintaining taxonomic expertise, creating an identification tools clearinghouse, developing and using taxonomic standards for naming and identification protocols, expanding the content of DNA and DNA Barcode libraries, ensuring long-term sustainability of biological collections, and engaging and empowering citizens and citizen science groups.
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Antony B, Johny J, Abdelazim MM, Jakše J, Al-Saleh MA, Pain A. Global transcriptome profiling and functional analysis reveal that tissue-specific constitutive overexpression of cytochrome P450s confers tolerance to imidacloprid in palm weevils in date palm fields. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:440. [PMID: 31151384 PMCID: PMC6545022 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases (P450s), constituting one of the largest and oldest gene superfamilies found in many organisms from bacteria to humans, play a vital role in the detoxification and inactivation of endogenous toxic compounds. The use of various insecticides has increased over the last two decades, and insects have developed resistance to most of these compounds through the detoxifying function of P450s. In this study, we focused on the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the most devastating pest of palm trees worldwide, and demonstrated through functional analysis that upregulation of P450 gene expression has evolved as an adaptation to insecticide stress arising from exposure to the neonicotinoid-class systematic insecticide imidacloprid. Results Based on the RPW global transcriptome analysis, we identified 101 putative P450 genes, including 77 likely encoding protein coding genes with ubiquitous expression. A phylogenetic analysis revealed extensive functional and species-specific diversification of RPW P450s, indicating that multiple CYPs actively participated in the detoxification process. We identified highly conserved paralogs of insect P450s that likely play a role in the development of resistance to imidacloprid: Drosophila Cyp6g1 (CYP6345J1) and Bemisia tabaci CYP4C64 (CYP4LE1). We performed a toxicity bioassay and evaluated the induction of P450s, followed by the identification of overexpressed P450s, including CYP9Z82, CYP6fra5, CYP6NR1, CYP6345J1 and CYP4BD4, which confer cross-resistance to imidacloprid. In addition, under imidacloprid insecticide stress in a date palm field, we observed increased expression of various P450 genes, with CYP9Z82, CYP4BD4, CYP6NR1 and CYP6345J1 being the most upregulated detoxification genes in RPWs. Expression profiling and cluster analysis revealed P450 genes with multiple patterns of induction and differential expression. Furthermore, we used RNA interference to knock down the overexpressed P450s, after which a toxicity bioassay and quantitative expression analysis revealed likely candidates involved in metabolic resistance against imidacloprid in RPW. Ingestion of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) successfully knocked down the expression of CYP9Z82, CYP6NR1 and CYP345J1 and demonstrated that silencing of CYP345J1 and CYP6NR1 significantly decreased the survival rate of adult RPWs treated with imidacloprid, indicating that overexpression of these two P450s may play an important role in developing tolerance to imidacloprid in a date palm field. Conclusion Our study provides useful background information on imidacloprid-specific induction and overexpression of P450s, which may enable the development of diagnostic tools/markers for monitoring the spread of insecticide resistant RPWs. The observed trend of increasing tolerance to imidacloprid in the date palm field therefore indicated that strategies for resistance management are urgently needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5837-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu Antony
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jibin Johny
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M Abdelazim
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jernej Jakše
- Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Saleh
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Pain
- BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Musmeci S, Belvedere S, Sasso R, Arnone S, Cristofaro M, Nobili P, La Marca A, De Biase A. Last-male sperm precedence in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier): observations in laboratory mating experiments with irradiated males. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 108:93-100. [PMID: 28969718 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Red Palm Weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier 1790) is an invasive pest from southeastern Asia and Melanesia that in the last 30 years has spread widely in the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin. Its stem-boring larvae cause great damage to several palm species of the Arecaceae family, many of which are economically important for agricultural and ornamental purposes. Therefore, great attention has recently been focused in studying this species to identify sustainable and effective eradication strategies, such as sterile insect technique (SIT). The rapid spread of RPW is associated with its high reproductive success. To evaluate the suitability of a SIT strategy, particular physiological and behavioral aspects of RPW reproduction, such as the presence of polyandry and post-copulatory sperm selection mechanisms, were investigated. To determine paternity of progeny from multiply mated females, double-crossing experiments were carried out confining individual females with either a wild-type male or a γ-irradiated male (Co-60). Fecundity and fertility of females were scored to evaluate post-copulatory sperm selection. Results showed that progeny were almost exclusively produced by the sperm of the second male, suggesting that a last-male sperm precedence is expressed at high levels in this species, and providing interesting insights for an area-wide RPW management strategy such as the SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Musmeci
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria (Rome),Italy
| | - S Belvedere
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin',Sapienza Rome University,Viale dell'Università 32, 00185 Rome,Italy
| | - R Sasso
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria (Rome),Italy
| | - S Arnone
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria (Rome),Italy
| | - M Cristofaro
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria (Rome),Italy
| | - P Nobili
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria (Rome),Italy
| | - A La Marca
- BBCA-onlus,Via Angelo Signorelli 105, 00123 Rome,Italy
| | - A De Biase
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin',Sapienza Rome University,Viale dell'Università 32, 00185 Rome,Italy
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Wang G, Hou Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Li J, Chen Z. Strong population genetic structure of an invasive species, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), in southern China. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:10770-10781. [PMID: 29299256 PMCID: PMC5743574 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), was initially reported in China in the 1990s and is now considered one of the most successful invasive pests of palm plants in the country. A total of 14 microsatellite loci and one mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ι (cox I) gene fragment were used to investigate the genetic characteristics and structure of R. ferrugineus in southern China. High levels of genetic differentiation among populations and significant correlations between genetic and geographical distances indicated an important role of geographical distance in the distribution of the RPW in southern China. High gene flow between Fujian and Taiwan province populations illustrated the increased effects of frequent anthropogenic activities on gene flow between them. Genetic similarity (i.e., haplotype similarity) indicated that RPW individuals from Taiwan and Fujian invaded from a different source than those from Hainan. To some extent, the genetic structure of the RPW in southern China correlated well with the geographic origins of this pest. We propose that geographical distance, anthropogenic activities, and the biological attributes of this pest are responsible for the distribution pattern of the RPW in southern China. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that the most likely native sources of the RPW in southern China are India, the Philippines, and Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China.,Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Youming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China.,Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China.,Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China.,Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Jinlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China.,Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Fuzhou Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau of P.R.C. Fuzhou China
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Ávalos JA, Balasch S, Soto A. Flight behaviour and dispersal of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) adults using mark-release-recapture method. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2016; 106:606-614. [PMID: 27215794 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485316000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The flight ability and patterns of an insect influence its spread, and the study of its behaviour can be used to improve the strategies to control the pest. Regarding Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), one of the worst threats to palm trees worldwide, laboratory experiments have been conducted to analyze their flight potential. However, these data must be complemented with tests that allow us to know its flight behaviour and dispersal patterns under field conditions. Two mark-release-recapture experiments were conducted in areas with R. ferrugineus infestations. In the first, the effects of weevil sex, temperature, solar radiation, and relative humidity, on the take-off and flight mobility of adults were analyzed. The second experiment aimed to determine the maximum flight distance covered by adults in field. The take-off rate for R. ferrugineus males was significantly greater than for females, and was positively influenced by temperature (optimum take-off around 25°C) and solar radiation, both factors being highly correlated. Female weevil recaptures were significantly higher, especially as temperatures increased (optimum recapture around 21°C). Dispersal distances of weevil adults increased when temperatures rose, and while this insect tended to fly short distances (<500 m), it was able to cover up to 7 km. The dispersal of R. ferrugineus adults mainly occurred during the first 7 days after their release, and when relative humidity increased, their dispersal time was reduced. The results obtained will permit a more effective implementation of certain measures used to control R. ferrugineus, such as olfactory trapping or intensive surveillance around pest outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ávalos
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM),Universitat Politècnica de València,Camino de Vera s/n,46022,Valencia,Spain
| | - S Balasch
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Aplicadas y Calidad,Universitat Politècnica de València,Camino de Vera s/n,46022,Valencia,Spain
| | - A Soto
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM),Universitat Politècnica de València,Camino de Vera s/n,46022,Valencia,Spain
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Yasin M, Rugman-Jones PF, Wakil W, Stouthamer R. Mitochondrial DNA Variation Among Populations of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) From Pakistan. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2016; 16:iew065. [PMID: 27651423 PMCID: PMC5029037 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iew065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Red Palm Weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) is a voracious pest of palm species. In recent decades its range has expanded greatly, particularly impacting the date palm industry in the Middle East. This has led to conjecture regarding the origins of invasive RPW populations. For example, in parts of the Middle East, RPW is commonly referred to as the "Pakistani weevil" in the belief that it originated there. We sought evidence to support or refute this belief. First reports of RPW in Pakistan were from the Punjab region in 1918, but it is unknown whether it is native or invasive there. We estimated genetic variation across five populations of RPW from two provinces of Pakistan, using sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. Four haplotypes were detected; two (H1 and H5) were abundant, accounting for 88% of specimens across the sampled populations, and were previously known from the Middle East. The remaining haplotypes (H51 and H52) were newly detected (in global terms) and there was no geographic overlap in their distribution within Pakistan. Levels of haplotype diversity were much lower than those previously recorded in accepted parts of the native range of RPW, suggesting that the weevil may be invasive in Pakistan. The affinity of Pakistani haplotypes to those reported from India (and the geographical proximity of the two countries), make the latter a likely "native" source. With regards the validity of the name "Pakistani weevil", we found little genetic evidence to justify it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan (; ; ) Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA (; ; )
| | - Paul F Rugman-Jones
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA (; ; )
| | - Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan (; ; )
| | - Richard Stouthamer
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA (; ; )
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Soffan A, Antony B, Abdelazim M, Shukla P, Witjaksono W, Aldosari SA, Aldawood AS. Silencing the Olfactory Co-Receptor RferOrco Reduces the Response to Pheromones in the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162203. [PMID: 27606688 PMCID: PMC5015987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus), one of the most widespread of all invasive insect pest species, is a major cause of severe damage to economically important palm trees. RPW exhibits behaviors very similar to those of its sympatric species, the Asian palm weevil (R. vulneratus), which is restricted geographically to the southern part of Southeast Asia. Although efficient and sustainable control of these pests remains challenging, olfactory-system disruption has been proposed as a promising approach for controlling palm weevils. Here, we report the cloning and sequencing of an olfactory co-receptor (Orco) from R. ferrugineus (RferOrco) and R. vulneratus (RvulOrco) and examine the effects of RferOrco silencing (RNAi) on odorant detection. RferOrco and RvulOrco encoding 482 amino acids showing 99.58% identity. The injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from RferOrco into R. ferrugineus pupae significantly reduced RferOrco gene expression and led to the failure of odor-stimulus detection, as confirmed through olfactometer and electroantennography (EAG) assays. These results suggest that olfactory-system disruption leading to reduced pheromone detection holds great potential for RPW pest-control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Soffan
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Binu Antony
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Abdelazim
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paraj Shukla
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Witjaksono Witjaksono
- Gadjah Mada University, Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Saleh A. Aldosari
- King Saud University, Chair of Date Palm Research, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S. Aldawood
- King Saud University, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Gómez-Zurita J, Cardoso A, Coronado I, De la Cadena G, Jurado-Rivera JA, Maes JM, Montelongo T, Nguyen DT, Papadopoulou A. High-throughput biodiversity analysis: Rapid assessment of species richness and ecological interactions of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) in the tropics. Zookeys 2016:3-26. [PMID: 27408583 PMCID: PMC4926618 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.597.7065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity assessment has been the focus of intense debate and conceptual and methodological advances in recent years. The cultural, academic and aesthetic impulses to recognise and catalogue the diversity in our surroundings, in this case of living objects, is furthermore propelled by the urgency of understanding that we may be responsible for a dramatic reduction of biodiversity, comparable in magnitude to geological mass extinctions. One of the most important advances in this attempt to characterise biodiversity has been incorporating DNA-based characters and molecular taxonomy tools to achieve faster and more efficient species delimitation and identification, even in hyperdiverse tropical biomes. In this assay we advocate for a broad understanding of Biodiversity as the inventory of species in a given environment, but also the diversity of their interactions, with both aspects being attainable using molecular markers and phylogenetic approaches. We exemplify the suitability and utility of this framework for large-scale biodiversity assessment with the results of our ongoing projects trying to characterise the communities of leaf beetles and their host plants in several tropical setups. Moreover, we propose that approaches similar to ours, establishing the inventories of two ecologically inter-related and species-rich groups of organisms, such as insect herbivores and their angiosperm host-plants, can serve as the foundational stone to anchor a comprehensive assessment of diversity, also in tropical environments, by subsequent addition of trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Gómez-Zurita
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anabela Cardoso
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Indiana Coronado
- Herbario y Jardín Botánico Ambiental, Univ. Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, León, Nicaragua
| | - Gissela De la Cadena
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A Jurado-Rivera
- Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Tinguaro Montelongo
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dinh Thi Nguyen
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Anna Papadopoulou
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics, Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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Cangelosi B, Clematis F, Curir P, Monroy F. Susceptibility and possible resistance mechanisms in the palm species Phoenix dactylifera, Chamaerops humilis and Washingtonia filifera against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2016; 106:341-346. [PMID: 26976073 DOI: 10.1017/s000748531500108x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, known as the Red Palm Weevil (RPW), is reported as a pest of up to 40 palm species. However, the susceptibility degree and the defense mechanisms of these species against this weevil are still poorly known. In Europe, the RPW is a major pest of Phoenix canariensis while other palm species, including the congeneric Phoenix dactylifera, seem to be less suitable hosts for this insect. The aim of our study was to compare the defensive response of P. dactylifera, Chamaerops humilis and Washingtonia filifera against R. ferrugineus and try to define the mechanisms of resistance that characterize these species. Bioassays were carried out to evaluate the mortality induced on RPW larvae by extracts from the leaf rachis of the studied palm species. Tests at semi-field scale were also conducted, based either on forced palm infestation, with larvae of RPW, or on natural infestation, with adult females. Rachis extracts from C. humilis and W. filifera caused 100% larval mortality after 2 days of exposure, while extracts of P. dactylifera did not impair larval survival. Independently of the effect of the leaf extracts, the weevils were unable to naturally infest the three palm species, although larval survival was high after forced infestation of the plants. We concluded that the observed lack of infestation of P. dactylifera by RPW is due to factors other than antibiosis. In W. filifera and C. humilis, although the presence of antixenosis mechanisms cannot be excluded, resistance to R. ferrugineus seems to rely on the presence of antibiosis compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cangelosi
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria,Research Unit for Floriculture and Ornamental Species (CREA-FSO),Corso degli Inglesi 508,18038 Sanremo,Italy
| | - F Clematis
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria,Research Unit for Floriculture and Ornamental Species (CREA-FSO),Corso degli Inglesi 508,18038 Sanremo,Italy
| | - P Curir
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria,Research Unit for Floriculture and Ornamental Species (CREA-FSO),Corso degli Inglesi 508,18038 Sanremo,Italy
| | - F Monroy
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria,Research Unit for Floriculture and Ornamental Species (CREA-FSO),Corso degli Inglesi 508,18038 Sanremo,Italy
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Antony B, Soffan A, Jakše J, Abdelazim MM, Aldosari SA, Aldawood AS, Pain A. Identification of the genes involved in odorant reception and detection in the palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, an important quarantine pest, by antennal transcriptome analysis. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:69. [PMID: 26800671 PMCID: PMC4722740 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2362-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Red Palm Weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliver) is one of the most damaging invasive insect species in the world. This weevil is highly specialized to thrive in adverse desert climates, and it causes major economic losses due to its effects on palm trees around the world. RPWs locate palm trees by means of plant volatile cues and use an aggregation pheromone to coordinate a mass-attack. Here we report on the high throughput sequencing of the RPW antennal transcriptome and present a description of the highly expressed chemosensory gene families. Results Deep sequencing and assembly of the RPW antennal transcriptome yielded 35,667 transcripts with an average length of 857 bp and identified a large number of highly expressed transcripts of odorant binding proteins (OBPs), chemosensory proteins (CSPs), odorant receptors/co-receptors (ORs/Orcos), sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), gustatory receptors (GRs) and ionotropic receptors (IRs). In total, 38 OBPs, 12 CSPs, 76 ORs, 1 Orco, 6 SNMPs, 15 GRs and 10 IRs were annotated in the R. ferrugineus antennal transcriptome. A comparative transcriptome analysis with the bark beetle showed that 25 % of the blast hits were unique to R. ferrugineus, indicating a higher, more complete transcript coverage for R. ferrugineus. We categorized the RPW ORs into seven subfamilies of coleopteran ORs and predicted two new subfamilies of ORs. The OR protein sequences were compared with those of the flour beetle, the cerambycid beetle and the bark beetle, and we identified coleopteran-specific, highly conserved ORs as well as unique ORs that are putatively involved in RPW aggregation pheromone detection. We identified 26 Minus-C OBPs and 8 Plus-C OBPs and grouped R. ferrugineus OBPs into different OBP-subfamilies according to phylogeny, which indicated significant species-specific expansion and divergence in R. ferrugineus. We also identified a diverse family of CSP proteins, as well as a coleopteran-specific CSP lineage that diverged from Diptera and Lepidoptera. We identified several extremely diverged IR orthologues as well as highly conserved insect IR co-receptor orthologous transcripts in R. ferrugineus. Notably, GR orthologous transcripts for CO2-sensing and sweet tastants were identified in R. ferrugineus, and we found a great diversity of GRs within the coleopteran family. With respect to SNMP-1 and SNMP-2 orthologous transcripts, one SNMP-1 orthologue was found to be strikingly highly expressed in the R. ferrugineus antennal transcriptome. Conclusion Our study presents the first comprehensive catalogue of olfactory gene families involved in pheromone and general odorant detection in R. ferrugineus, which are potential novel targets for pest control strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2362-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu Antony
- Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Date Palm Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alan Soffan
- Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Date Palm Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jernej Jakše
- Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mahmoud M Abdelazim
- Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Date Palm Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saleh A Aldosari
- Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Date Palm Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Arnab Pain
- BASE Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Jeddah, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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Löhr B, Vásquez-Ordóñez AA, Becerra Lopez-Lavalle LA. Rhynchophorus palmarum in Disguise: Undescribed Polymorphism in the "Black" Palm Weevil. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143210. [PMID: 26683205 PMCID: PMC4684280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During studies to adapt pheromone trapping of Rhynchophorus palmarum to the special coconut growing conditions at the Colombian Pacific coast, 152 atypically-colored specimens were captured in a total collection of 53,802 of the normally completely black weevil. Five specimens had the typical coloration of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, an invasive species recently introduced to Aruba and Curação. A regional expansion of this invasion to the South American continent was feared and all atypical specimens were submitted to taxonomic analysis. Both conventional and molecular methods were employed. Conventional taxonomics confirmed the samples as belonging to R. palmarum but registered undescribed and species-atypical morphological variability in the subgular suture (wide vs. narrow), the ratio between intraocular distance and width of antennal scrobes (>0.35 vs. < 0.29) and the indentation of the mandibles (up to three mandibular teeth vs. bilobed). Molecular analysis placed all samples inspected, black and reddish alike, firmly within the R. palmarum group and the hypothesis of having inter-specific hybrids was rejected using co-dominant single sequence repeat markers with allelic specificity for both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Löhr
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Centro de Investigación Palmira, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
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41
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Mastore M, Arizza V, Manachini B, Brivio MF. Modulation of immune responses of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Insecta: Coleoptera) induced by the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematoda: Rhabditida). INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 22:748-760. [PMID: 24846780 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to investigate relationships between the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) and the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (EPN); particularly, the work was focused on the immune response of the insect host in naive larvae and after infection with the EPN. Two main immunological processes have been addressed: the activity and modulation of host prophenoloxidase-phenoloxidase (proPO) system, involved in melanization of not-self and hemocytes recognition processes responsible for not-self encapsulation. Moreover, immune depressive and immune evasive strategies of the parasite have been investigated. Our results suggest that RPW possess an efficient immune system, however in the early phase of infection, S. carpocapsae induces a strong inhibition of the host proPO system. In addition, host cell-mediated mechanisms of encapsulation, are completely avoided by the parasite, the elusive strategies of S. carpocapsae seem to be related to the structure of its body-surface, since induced alterations of the parasite cuticle resulted in the loss of its mimetic properties. S. carpocapsae before the release of its symbiotic bacteria, depress and elude RPW immune defenses, with the aim to arrange a favorable environment for its bacteria responsible of the septicemic death of the insect target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristella Mastore
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Department of Sciences and Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Manachini
- Department of Sciences and Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio F Brivio
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Giovino A, Bertolini E, Fileccia V, Al Hassan M, Labra M, Martinelli F. Transcriptome analysis of Phoenix canariensis Chabaud in response to Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier attacks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:817. [PMID: 26528297 PMCID: PMC4604324 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Red Palm Weevil (RPW, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier) threatens most palm species worldwide. Until now, no studies have analyzed the gene regulatory networks of Phoenix canariensis (Chabaud) in response to RPW attacks. The aim of this study was to fill this knowledge gap. Providing this basic knowledge is very important to improve its management. Results: A deep transcriptome analysis was performed on fully expanded leaves of healthy non-infested trees and attacked trees at two symptom stages (middle and late infestation). A total of 54 genes were significantly regulated during middle stage. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that phenylpropanoid-related pathways were induced at this stage. More than 3300 genes were affected during late stage of attacks. Higher transcript abundances were observed for lipid fatty acid metabolism (fatty acid and glycerolipids), tryptophan metabolism, phenylpropanoid metabolism. Key RPW-modulated genes involved in innate response mediated by hormone crosstalk were observed belonging to auxin, jasmonate and salicylic acid (SA) pathways. Among transcription factors, some WRKYs were clearly induced. qRT-PCR validation confirmed the upregulation of key genes chosen as validation of transcriptomic analysis. Conclusion: A subset of these genes may be further analyzed in future studies to confirm their specificity to be induced by RPW infestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giovino
- Unità di Ricerca per il Recupero e la Valorizzazione delle Specie Floricole Mediterranee, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia AgrariaPalermo, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertolini
- Istituto di Scienze della Vita, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Fileccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di PalermoPalermo, Italy
- Istituto Euromediterraneo di Scienza e TecnologiaPalermo, Italy
| | - Mohamad Al Hassan
- Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ciudad Politécnica de la Investigación (CPI)Valencia, Spain
| | - Massimo Labra
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano BicoccaMilano, Italy
| | - Federico Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di PalermoPalermo, Italy
- Istituto Euromediterraneo di Scienza e TecnologiaPalermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federico Martinelli, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Dembilio Ó, Riba JM, Gamón M, Jacas JA. Mobility and efficacy of abamectin and imidacloprid against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus in Phoenix canariensis by different application methods. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:1091-1098. [PMID: 25155008 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is the most destructive pest of palms. As detection of early infestation stages is difficult, preventive measures, mostly chemical control, are crucial. Stipe injection of insecticides has developed rapidly as a suitable technique. However, pesticide movement within palms and palm reaction to wounding remain controversial. We used abamectin and imidacloprid applied by crown spray, stipe and frond injections to disentangle how these pesticides move within P. canariensis and how tissues wounded by injection heal. Furthermore, we established their lethal doses to larvae of R. ferrugineus. RESULTS Maximum residues of imidacloprid (0.1 mg kg(-1) ) were detected in crown and frond samples for up to 2 months after stipe injection, whereas maximum residues of abamectin were found in frond tip samples (0.5 mg active substance kg(-1) ) 5 months after stipe injection. Based on the lethal concentrations calculated, these doses could satisfactorily protect palms for up to 3 months after treatment. No significant wound damage was observed 2 years after injection. CONCLUSION Stipe injection, irrespective of the active substance considered, resulted in better distribution and higher persistence compared with frond injection and, especially, crown spray. As a consequence, our results point to stipe injection as a good alternative to control R. ferrugineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Dembilio
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Unitat Associada d'Entomologia Agrícola UJI-IVIA (Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agràries), Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Josep M Riba
- ENDOterapia Vegetal (EV), Castelló d'Empúries, Girona, Spain
| | - Miguel Gamón
- Laboratorio Agroalimentario de la Generalitat Valenciana, EURL - Pesticide Residues in Fruit and Vegetables, Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Josep A Jacas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Unitat Associada d'Entomologia Agrícola UJI-IVIA (Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agràries), Castelló de la Plana, Spain
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Chakraborty S, Salekdeh GH, Yang P, Woo SH, Chin CF, Gehring C, Haynes PA, Mirzaei M, Komatsu S. Proteomics of Important Food Crops in the Asia Oceania Region: Current Status and Future Perspectives. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:2723-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pingfang Yang
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sun Hee Woo
- Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Korea
| | - Chiew Foan Chin
- University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chris Gehring
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Setsuko Komatsu
- National Institute of Crop Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518, Japan
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Montagna M, Chouaia B, Mazza G, Prosdocimi EM, Crotti E, Mereghetti V, Vacchini V, Giorgi A, De Biase A, Longo S, Cervo R, Lozzia GC, Alma A, Bandi C, Daffonchio D. Effects of the diet on the microbiota of the red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117439. [PMID: 25635833 PMCID: PMC4311986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, also known as the red palm weevil, is regarded as the major pest of palm trees. Although studies of the microbiota associated with this species have been performed in recent years, little attention has been dedicated to the influence of the diet in shaping the host bacterial community. Here, we investigated the influence of food sources (i.e. palm tissues vs apple based substrate) on the microbial diversity associated with RPW, which was compared with the microbiota associated with wild individuals of the sister species Rhynchophorus vulneratus. The bacterial characterization was performed using a culture independent approach, i.e. the 16S rRNA pyrotag, and a culture dependent approach for a subset of the samples, in order to obtain bacterial isolates from RPW tissues. The bacterial community appeared significantly influenced by diet. Proteobacteria resulted to be the most abundant clade and was present in all the specimens of the three examined weevil groups. Within Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae were identified in all the organs analysed, including hemolymph and reproductive organs. The apple-fed RPWs and the wild R. vulneratus showed a second dominant taxon within Firmicutes that was scarcely present in the microbiota associated with palm-fed RPWs. A comparative analysis on the bacteria associated with the palm tissues highlighted that 12 bacterial genera out of the 13 identified in the plant tissues were also present in weevils, thus indicating that palm tissues may present a source for bacterial acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Montagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Bessem Chouaia
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione, l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazza
- Consiglio per la ricerca e la sperimentazione in agricoltura, Research Centre for Agrobiology and Pedology, Cascine del Riccio, Italy
| | - Erica Maria Prosdocimi
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione, l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Crotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione, l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Mereghetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Violetta Vacchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione, l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Giorgi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio De Biase
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “C. Darwin”, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, Roma, Italy
| | - Santi Longo
- Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi Agroalimentari e Ambientali, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Cervo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Lozzia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Alma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Daffonchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione, l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Hoddle MS, Warner K, Steggall J, Jetter KM. Classical Biological Control of Invasive Legacy Crop Pests: New Technologies Offer Opportunities to Revisit Old Pest Problems in Perennial Tree Crops. INSECTS 2014; 6:13-37. [PMID: 26463063 PMCID: PMC4553525 DOI: 10.3390/insects6010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Advances in scientific disciplines that support classical biological control have provided "new tools" that could have important applications for biocontrol programs for some long-established invasive arthropod pests. We suggest that these previously unavailable tools should be used in biological control programs targeting "legacy pests", even if they have been targets of previously unsuccessful biocontrol projects. Examples of "new tools" include molecular analyses to verify species identities and likely geographic area of origin, climate matching and ecological niche modeling, preservation of natural enemy genetic diversity in quarantine, the use of theory from invasion biology to maximize establishment likelihoods for natural enemies, and improved understanding of the interactions between natural enemy and target pest microbiomes. This review suggests that opportunities exist for revisiting old pest problems and funding research programs using "new tools" for developing biological control programs for "legacy pests" could provide permanent suppression of some seemingly intractable pest problems. As a case study, we use citricola scale, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum, an invasive legacy pest of California citrus, to demonstrate the potential of new tools to support a new classical biological control program targeting this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Hoddle
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Keith Warner
- Center for Science, Technology, and Society, Santa Clara University, CA 95053, USA.
| | - John Steggall
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA.
| | - Karen M Jetter
- UC Agricultural Issues Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Fanini L, Longo S, Cervo R, Roversi P, Mazza G. Daily activity and non-random occurrence of captures in the Asian palm weevils. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2014.905500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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