1
|
Binayi F, Saeidi B, Farahani F, Sadat Izadi M, Eskandari F, Azarkish F, Sahraei M, Ghasemi R, Khodagholi F, Zardooz H. Sustained feeding of a diet high in fat resulted in a decline in the liver's insulin-degrading enzyme levels in association with the induction of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in adult male rats: Evaluation of 4-phenylbutyric acid. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32804. [PMID: 38975085 PMCID: PMC11226834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study explored the impact of high fat diet (HFD) on hepatic oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and its insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) content with the injection of 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) in adult male rats. Following the weaning period, male offspring were distributed among six distinct groups. The corresponding diet was used for 20 weeks, subsequently 4-PBA was administered for three consecutive days. Plasma glucose and insulin levels, HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment of β-cell), hepatic ER and oxidative stress biomarkers and IDE protein content were assessed. Long-term ingestion of HFD (31 % cow butter) induced oxidative and ER stress in the liver tissue. Accordingly, a rise in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and catalase enzyme activity and a decrease in the glutathione (GSH) content were detected within the liver of the HFD and HFD + DMSO groups. Consumption of this diet elevated the liver expression of binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and C/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) levels while reduced its IDE content. The HOMA-β decreased significantly. The injection of the 4-PBA moderated all the induced changes. Findings from this study indicated that prolonged HFD consumption led to a reduction in plasma insulin levels, likely attributed to pancreatic β cell malfunction, as evidenced by a decline in the HOMA-β index. Also, the HFD appears to have triggered oxidative and ER stress in the liver, along with a decrease in its IDE content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Binayi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Saeidi
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farahani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Sadat Izadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Eskandari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Azarkish
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sahraei
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Su Q, Huang J, Chen X, Wang Y, Shao M, Yan H, Chen C, Ren H, Zhang F, Ni Y, Jose PA, Zhong J, Yang J. Long-Term High-Fat Diet Decreases Renal Insulin-Degrading Enzyme Expression and Function by Inhibiting the PPARγ Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200589. [PMID: 36726048 PMCID: PMC10085830 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) causes insulin resistance, which is a primary etiological factor in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Impaired insulin clearance is not only a consequence but also a cause of insulin resistance. The kidney is a major site of insulin clearance, where the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) plays a vital role in the proximal tubule. Thus, the study investigates the role of renal IDE in the regulation of insulin resistance in HFD-induced obese mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty four-weeks of HFD in C57BL/6 mice causes insulin resistance and impaires insulin clearance, accompanied by a decrease in renal IDE expression and activity. Palmitic acid decreases IDE mRNA and protein expressions in HK-2 cells. RNA-Seq analysis found that the PPAR pathway is involved. 24-weeks of HFD decreases renal PPARγ, but not PPARα or PPARβ/δ mRNA expression. The inhibition of IDE expression by palmitic acid is prevented by the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone. The amount of PPARγ bound to the promoters of IDE is decreased in palmitic acid-treated cells. Rosiglitazone improves insulin clearance and insulin resistance and increases renal IDE expression in HFD fed-mice. CONCLUSION Long-term HFD decreases renal IDE expression and activity, and causes insulin resistance, which involves PPARγ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muqing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjia Yan
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuwei Zhang
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinxing Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sleeve Gastrectomy-Induced Weight Loss Increases Insulin Clearance in Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021729. [PMID: 36675244 PMCID: PMC9861800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) successfully recovers metabolic homeostasis in obese humans and rodents while also resulting in the normalization of insulin sensitivity and insulinemia. Reduced insulin levels have been attributed to lower insulin secretion and increased insulin clearance in individuals submitted to SG. Insulin degradation mainly occurs in the liver in a process controlled, at least in part, by the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE). However, research has yet to explore whether liver IDE expression or activity is altered after SG surgery. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were fed a chow (CTL) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Afterward, the HFD mice were randomly assigned to two groups: sham-surgical (HFD-SHAM) and SG-surgical (HFD-SG). Here, we confirmed that SG improves glucose-insulin homeostasis in obese mice. Additionally, SG reduced insulinemia by reducing insulin secretion, assessed by the analysis of plasmatic C-peptide content, and increasing insulin clearance, which was evaluated through the calculation of the plasmatic C-peptide:insulin ratio. Although no changes in hepatic IDE activity were observed, IDE expression was higher in the liver of HFD-SG compared with HFD-SHAM mice. These results indicate that SG may be helpful to counteract obesity-induced hyperinsulinemia by increasing insulin clearance, likely through enhanced liver IDE expression.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gene Networks of Hyperglycemia, Diabetic Complications, and Human Proteins Targeted by SARS-CoV-2: What Is the Molecular Basis for Comorbidity? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137247. [PMID: 35806251 PMCID: PMC9266766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
People with diabetes are more likely to have severe COVID-19 compared to the general population. Moreover, diabetes and COVID-19 demonstrate a certain parallelism in the mechanisms and organ damage. In this work, we applied bioinformatics analysis of associative molecular networks to identify key molecules and pathophysiological processes that determine SARS-CoV-2-induced disorders in patients with diabetes. Using text-mining-based approaches and ANDSystem as a bioinformatics tool, we reconstructed and matched networks related to hyperglycemia, diabetic complications, insulin resistance, and beta cell dysfunction with networks of SARS-CoV-2-targeted proteins. The latter included SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors (ACE2 and DPP4), SARS-CoV-2 entry associated proteases (TMPRSS2, CTSB, and CTSL), and 332 human intracellular proteins interacting with SARS-CoV-2. A number of genes/proteins targeted by SARS-CoV-2 (ACE2, BRD2, COMT, CTSB, CTSL, DNMT1, DPP4, ERP44, F2RL1, GDF15, GPX1, HDAC2, HMOX1, HYOU1, IDE, LOX, NUTF2, PCNT, PLAT, RAB10, RHOA, SCARB1, and SELENOS) were found in the networks of vascular diabetic complications and insulin resistance. According to the Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, the defined molecules are involved in the response to hypoxia, reactive oxygen species metabolism, immune and inflammatory response, regulation of angiogenesis, platelet degranulation, and other processes. The results expand the understanding of the molecular basis of diabetes and COVID-19 comorbidity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Marmentini C, Guimarães DSPSF, de Lima TI, Teófilo FBS, da Silva NS, Soares GM, Boschero AC, Kurauti MA. Rosiglitazone protects INS-1E cells from human islet amyloid polypeptide toxicity. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175122. [PMID: 35764131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP or amylin) is a hormone co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic β-cells, and is the main component of islet amyloid. Islet amyloid is found in the pancreas of patients with type 2 diabetes and may be involved in β-cell dysfunction and death, observed in this disease. Thus, counteracting islet amyloid toxicity represents a therapeutic approach to preserve β-cell mass and function. In this sense, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), as rosiglitazone, have shown protective effects against other harmful insults to β-cells. For this reason, we investigated whether rosiglitazone could protect β-cells from hIAPP-induced cell death and the underlying mechanisms mediating such effect. Here, we show that rosiglitazone improved the viability of hIAPP-exposed INS-1E cells. This benefit is not dependent on the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) since rosiglitazone did not modulate IDE protein content and activity. However, rosiglitazone inhibited hIAPP fibrillation and decreased hIAPP-induced expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) (CTL 100.0 ± 8.4; hIAPP 182.7 ± 19.1; hIAPP + RGZ 102.8 ± 9.5), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) (CTL 100.0 ± 3.1; hIAPP 234.9 ± 19.3; hIAPP + RGZ 129.6 ± 3.0) and phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha (p-eIF2α) (CTL 100.0 ± 31.1; hIAPP 234.1 ± 36.2; hIAPP + RGZ 150.4 ± 18.0). These findings suggest that TZDs treatment may be a promising approach to preserve β-cell mass and function by inhibiting islet amyloid formation and decreasing endoplasmic reticulum stress hIAPP-induced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carine Marmentini
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dimitrius Santiago P S F Guimarães
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tanes I de Lima
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Breno S Teófilo
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália S da Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Soares
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian A Kurauti
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Azam MS, Wahiduzzaman M, Reyad-Ul-Ferdous M, Islam MN, Roy M. Inhibition of Insulin Degrading Enzyme to Control Diabetes Mellitus and its Applications on some Other Chronic Disease: a Critical Review. Pharm Res 2022; 39:611-629. [PMID: 35378698 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review aims to provide a precise perceptive of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and its relationship to type 2 diabetes (T2D), Alzheimer's disease (AD), obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the current study was to provide clear idea of treating prevalent diseases such as T2D, and AD by molecular pharmacological therapeutics rather than conventional medicinal therapy. METHODS To achieve the aims, molecular docking was performed using several softwares such as LIGPLOT+, Python, and Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler with corresponding tools. RESULTS The IDE is a large zinc-metalloprotease that breakdown numerous pathophysiologically important extracellular substrates, comprising amyloid β-protein (Aβ) and insulin. Recent studies demonstrated that dysregulation of IDE leads to develop AD and T2D. Specifically, IDE regulates circulating insulin in a variety of organs via a degradation-dependent clearance mechanism. IDE is unique because it was subjected to allosteric activation and mediated via an oligomer structure. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarised the factors that modulate insulin reformation by IDE and interaction of IDE and some recent reports on IDE inhibitors against AD and T2D. We also highlighted the latest signs of progress of the function of IDE and challenges in advancing IDE- targetted therapies against T2D and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shofiul Azam
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Wahiduzzaman
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Md Reyad-Ul-Ferdous
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Md Nahidul Islam
- Department of Agro-Processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mukta Roy
- Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Souza Nunes Faria MS, Pimentel VE, Helaehil JV, Bertolo MC, Santos NTH, da Silva-Neto PV, Thomazini BF, de Oliveira CA, do Amaral MEC. Caloric restriction overcomes pre-diabetes and hypertension induced by a high fat diet and renal artery stenosis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5883-5895. [PMID: 35344116 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calorie restriction (CR) is a type of dietary intervention that is essential in weight loss through modulation of critical metabolic control pathways, is well established and understood in cases of systemic arterial hypertension, however, its role in renovascular hypertension is still unclear. METHODS Rats were divided into three groups: SHAM, and two groups that underwent surgery to clip the left renal artery and induce renovascular hypertension (OH and OHR). The SHAM diet was as follows: 14 weeks normolipidic diet; OH: 2 weeks normolipidic diet + 12 weeks hyperlipidic diet, both ad libitum; OHR, 2 weeks normolipidic diet + 8 weeks ad libitum high-fat diet + 4 weeks 40% calorie-restricted high-fat diet. RESULTS Rats in the OHR group had decreased blood pressure, body weight, and glucose levels. Reductions in insulinemia and in lipid and islet fibrotic areas in the OHR group were observed, along with increased insulin sensitivity and normalization of insulin-degrading enzyme levels. The expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), insulin receptor (IR), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and complex II proteins were increased in the liver tissue of the OHR group. Strong correlations, whether positive or negative, were evaluated via Spearman's model between SIRT1, AMPK, NAMPT, PGC-1α, and NNMT expressions with the restoration of normal blood pressure, weight loss, glycemic and lipid panel, and mitochondrial adaptation. CONCLUSION CR provided short-term beneficial effects to recover the physiological parameters induced by a high-fat diet and renal artery stenosis in obese and hypertensive animals. These benefits, even in the short term, can provide physiological benefits in the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinicíus Eduardo Pimentel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Prêto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Biomedical College, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Venturini Helaehil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.,Biomedical College, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara Correa Bertolo
- Biomedical College, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Vieira da Silva-Neto
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fontana Thomazini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Andréa de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Espinosa R, Gutiérrez K, Rios J, Ormeño F, Yantén L, Galaz-Davison P, Ramírez-Sarmiento CA, Parra V, Albornoz A, Alfaro IE, Burgos PV, Morselli E, Criollo A, Budini M. Palmitic and Stearic Acids Inhibit Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy (CMA) in POMC-like Neurons In Vitro. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060920. [PMID: 35326371 PMCID: PMC8945987 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of food with high levels of saturated fatty acids (SatFAs) is associated with the development of obesity and insulin resistance. SatFAs, such as palmitic (PA) and stearic (SA) acids, have been shown to accumulate in the hypothalamus, causing several pathological consequences. Autophagy is a lysosomal-degrading pathway that can be divided into macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Previous studies showed that PA impairs macroautophagy function and insulin response in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. Here, we show in vitro that the exposure of POMC neurons to PA or SA also inhibits CMA, possibly by decreasing the total and lysosomal LAMP2A protein levels. Proteomics of lysosomes from PA- and SA-treated cells showed that the inhibition of CMA could impact vesicle formation and trafficking, mitochondrial components, and insulin response, among others. Finally, we show that CMA activity is important for regulating the insulin response in POMC hypothalamic neurons. These in vitro results demonstrate that CMA is inhibited by PA and SA in POMC-like neurons, giving an overview of the CMA-dependent cellular pathways that could be affected by such inhibition and opening a door for in vivo studies of CMA in the context of the hypothalamus and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Espinosa
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (R.E.); (K.G.); (J.R.); (F.O.)
| | - Karla Gutiérrez
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (R.E.); (K.G.); (J.R.); (F.O.)
| | - Javiera Rios
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (R.E.); (K.G.); (J.R.); (F.O.)
| | - Fernando Ormeño
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (R.E.); (K.G.); (J.R.); (F.O.)
| | - Liliana Yantén
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avda. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7780272, Chile; (L.Y.); (A.A.); (I.E.A.); (P.V.B.)
| | - Pablo Galaz-Davison
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.G.-D.); (C.A.R.-S.)
| | - César A. Ramírez-Sarmiento
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.G.-D.); (C.A.R.-S.)
| | - Valentina Parra
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (V.P.); (A.C.)
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Amelina Albornoz
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avda. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7780272, Chile; (L.Y.); (A.A.); (I.E.A.); (P.V.B.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
| | - Iván E. Alfaro
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avda. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7780272, Chile; (L.Y.); (A.A.); (I.E.A.); (P.V.B.)
- Programa de Comunicación Celular en Cáncer, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Patricia V. Burgos
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Avda. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7780272, Chile; (L.Y.); (A.A.); (I.E.A.); (P.V.B.)
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
- Laboratory of Autophagy and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (V.P.); (A.C.)
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Mauricio Budini
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (R.E.); (K.G.); (J.R.); (F.O.)
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago 8380544, Chile;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee SJ, Chandrasekran P, Mazucanti CH, O’Connell JF, Egan JM, Kim Y. Dietary curcumin restores insulin homeostasis in diet-induced obese aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:225-239. [PMID: 35017319 PMCID: PMC8791219 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although aging is a physiological process to which all organisms are subject, the presence of obesity and type 2 diabetes accelerates biological aging. Recent studies have demonstrated the causal relationships between dietary interventions suppressing obesity and type 2 diabetes and delaying the onset of age-related endocrine changes. Curcumin, a natural antioxidant, has putative therapeutic properties such as improving insulin sensitivity in obese mice. However, how curcumin contributes to maintaining insulin homeostasis in aged organisms largely remains unclear. Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the pleiotropic effect of dietary curcumin on insulin homeostasis in a diet-induced obese (DIO) aged mouse model. Aged (18-20 months old) male mice given a high-fat high-sugar diet supplemented with 0.4% (w/w) curcumin (equivalent to 2 g/day for a 60 kg adult) displayed a different metabolic phenotype compared to mice given a high-fat high-sugar diet alone. Furthermore, curcumin supplementation altered hepatic gene expression profiling, especially insulin signaling and senescence pathways. We then mechanistically investigated how curcumin functions to fine-tune insulin sensitivity. We found that curcumin supplementation increased hepatic insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) expression levels and preserved islet integrity, both outcomes that are beneficial to preserving good health with age. Our findings suggest that the multifaceted therapeutic potential of curcumin can be used as a protective agent for age-induced metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jeong Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Prabha Chandrasekran
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Caio Henrique Mazucanti
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jennifer F. O’Connell
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Josephine M. Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yoo Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Insects as a New Complex Model in Hormonal Basis of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011066. [PMID: 34681728 PMCID: PMC8540125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the biggest problems in healthcare is an obesity epidemic. Consumption of cheap and low-quality energy-rich diets, low physical activity, and sedentary work favor an increase in the number of obesity cases within many populations/nations. This is a burden on society, public health, and the economy with many deleterious consequences. Thus, studies concerning this disorder are extremely needed, including searching for new, effective, and fitting models. Obesity may be related, among other factors, to disrupting adipocytes activity, disturbance of metabolic homeostasis, dysregulation of hormonal balance, cardiovascular problems, or disorders in nutrition which may lead to death. Because of the high complexity of obesity, it is not easy to find an ideal model for its studies which will be suitable for genetic and physiological analysis including specification of different compounds’ (hormones, neuropeptides) functions, as well as for signaling pathways analysis. In recent times, in search of new models for human diseases there has been more and more attention paid to insects, especially in neuro-endocrine regulation. It seems that this group of animals might also be a new model for human obesity. There are many arguments that insects are a good, multidirectional, and complex model for this disease. For example, insect models can have similar conservative signaling pathways (e.g., JAK-STAT signaling pathway), the presence of similar hormonal axis (e.g., brain–gut axis), or occurrence of structural and functional homologues between neuropeptides (e.g., neuropeptide F and human neuropeptide Y, insulin-like peptides, and human insulin) compared to humans. Here we give a hint to use insects as a model for obesity that can be used in multiple ways: as a source of genetic and peptidomic data about etiology and development correlated with obesity occurrence as well as a model for novel hormonal-based drug activity and their impact on mechanism of disease occurrence.
Collapse
|
11
|
González-Casimiro CM, Cámara-Torres P, Merino B, Diez-Hermano S, Postigo-Casado T, Leissring MA, Cózar-Castellano I, Perdomo G. Effects of Fasting and Feeding on Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme in Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092446. [PMID: 34572095 PMCID: PMC8467815 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed Zn2+-metallopeptidase that regulates hepatic insulin sensitivity, albeit its regulation in response to the fasting-to-postprandial transition is poorly understood. In this work, we studied the regulation of IDE mRNA and protein levels as well as its proteolytic activity in the liver, skeletal muscle, and kidneys under fasting (18 h) and refeeding (30 min and 3 h) conditions, in mice fed a standard (SD) or high-fat (HFD) diets. In the liver of mice fed an HFD, fasting reduced IDE protein levels (~30%); whereas refeeding increased its activity (~45%) in both mice fed an SD and HFD. Likewise, IDE protein levels were reduced in the skeletal muscle (~30%) of mice fed an HFD during the fasting state. Circulating lactate concentrations directly correlated with hepatic IDE activity and protein levels. Of note, L-lactate in liver lysates augmented IDE activity in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, IDE protein levels in liver and muscle tissues, but not its activity, inversely correlated (R2 = 0.3734 and 0.2951, respectively; p < 0.01) with a surrogate marker of insulin resistance (HOMA index). Finally, a multivariate analysis suggests that circulating insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, and lactate levels might be important in regulating IDE in liver and muscle tissues. Our results highlight that the nutritional regulation of IDE in liver and skeletal muscle is more complex than previously expected in mice, and that fasting/refeeding does not strongly influence the regulation of renal IDE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. González-Casimiro
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.M.G.-C.); (P.C.-T.); (B.M.); (T.P.-C.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Patricia Cámara-Torres
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.M.G.-C.); (P.C.-T.); (B.M.); (T.P.-C.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Beatriz Merino
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.M.G.-C.); (P.C.-T.); (B.M.); (T.P.-C.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Sergio Diez-Hermano
- Institute for Research in Sustainable Forest Management (iuFOR), University of Valladolid, 34004 Palencia, Spain;
| | - Tamara Postigo-Casado
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.M.G.-C.); (P.C.-T.); (B.M.); (T.P.-C.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Malcolm A. Leissring
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine (UCI MIND), Irvine, CA 92697-4545, USA;
| | - Irene Cózar-Castellano
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.M.G.-C.); (P.C.-T.); (B.M.); (T.P.-C.); (I.C.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán Perdomo
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (C.M.G.-C.); (P.C.-T.); (B.M.); (T.P.-C.); (I.C.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-983-184-805
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sousa L, Guarda M, Meneses MJ, Macedo MP, Vicente Miranda H. Insulin-degrading enzyme: an ally against metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. J Pathol 2021; 255:346-361. [PMID: 34396529 DOI: 10.1002/path.5777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) function goes far beyond its known proteolytic role as a regulator of insulin levels. IDE has a wide substrate promiscuity, degrading several proteins such as amyloid-β peptide, glucagon, islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) and insulin-like growth factors, that have diverse physiological and pathophysiological functions. Importantly, IDE plays other non-proteolytical functions such as a chaperone/dead-end chaperone, an E1-ubiquitin activating enzyme, and a proteasome modulator. It also responds as a heat shock protein, regulating cellular proteostasis. Notably, amyloidogenic proteins such as IAPP, amyloid-β and α-synuclein have been reported as substrates for IDE chaperone activity. This is of utmost importance as failure of IDE may result in increased protein aggregation, a key hallmark in the pathogenesis of beta cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus and of neurons in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In this review, we focus on the biochemical and biophysical properties of IDE and the regulation of its physiological functions. We further raise the hypothesis that IDE plays a central role in the pathological context of dysmetabolic and neurodegenerative diseases and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Sousa
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Guarda
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Meneses
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal.,APDP-Diabetes Portugal Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Paula Macedo
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal.,APDP-Diabetes Portugal Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências Médicas, Instituto de Biomedicina - iBiMED, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Vicente Miranda
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity: a role of ATP. Front Med 2021; 15:372-382. [PMID: 34047935 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes through the induction of insulin resistance. The mechanism of insulin resistance has been extensively investigated for more than 60 years, but the essential pathogenic signal remains missing. Existing hypotheses include inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. Drug discoveries based on these hypotheses are unsuccessful in the development of new medicines. In this review, multidisciplinary literature is integrated to evaluate ATP as a primary signal for insulin resistance. The ATP production is elevated in insulin-sensitive cells under obese conditions independent of energy demand, which we have named "mitochondrial overheating." Overheating occurs because of substrate oversupply to mitochondria, leading to extra ATP production. The ATP overproduction contributes to the systemic insulin resistance through several mechanisms, such as inhibition of AMPK, induction of mTOR, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Insulin resistance represents a feedback regulation of energy oversupply in cells to control mitochondrial overloading by substrates. Insulin resistance cuts down the substrate uptake to attenuate mitochondrial overloading. The downregulation of the mitochondrial overloading by medicines, bypass surgeries, calorie restriction, and physical exercise leads to insulin sensitization in patients. Therefore, ATP may represent the primary signal of insulin resistance in the cellular protective response to the substrate oversupply. The prevention of ATP overproduction represents a key strategy for insulin sensitization.
Collapse
|
14
|
Nonaka Y, Takeda R, Kano Y, Hoshino D. Short-Term Calorie Restriction Maintains Plasma Insulin Concentrations along with a Reduction in Hepatic Insulin-Degrading Enzyme Levels in db/db Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041190. [PMID: 33916828 PMCID: PMC8065522 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining blood insulin levels is important for patients with diabetes because insulin secretion capacity declines with the development of the disease. Calorie restriction (CR) is effective for the improvement of glucose tolerance, but it is not clear whether CR can maintain insulin levels in the late stage of diabetes. We examined the effect of CR on whole-body glucose tolerance and fasting blood insulin concentrations in the late stage of diabetes. Male db/db mice were subjected to either a standard laboratory diet ad libitum for 3 weeks (dbdb group) or 40% CR (dbdb+CR group). CR significantly decreased body mass and epididymal fat weight. Glucose tolerance and fasting glucose levels were significantly improved with 3-week CR. Fasting insulin concentrations were decreased in the dbdb group but were maintained in the dbdb+CR group. CR significantly reduced insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) levels in the liver, and hepatic IDE levels were significantly positively and negatively correlated with plasma glucose concentrations (area under the curve) after glucose administration and after fasting insulin concentrations, respectively. Therefore, 3-week CR maintained blood insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance with decreased hepatic IDE levels in an animal model of late-stage diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Nonaka
- Bioscience and Technology Program, Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (D.H.)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-443-5589
| | - Reo Takeda
- Bioscience and Technology Program, Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (D.H.)
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Bioscience and Technology Program, Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (D.H.)
| | - Daisuke Hoshino
- Bioscience and Technology Program, Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Khan N, Laudermilk L, Ware J, Rosa T, Mathews K, Gay E, Amato G, Maitra R. Peripherally Selective CB1 Receptor Antagonist Improves Symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome in Mice. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:757-764. [PMID: 33860199 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder that stems from the additive effects of multiple underlying causes such as obesity, insulin resistance, and chronic low-grade inflammation. The endocannabinoid system plays a central role in appetite regulation, energy balance, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function. The type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) antagonist SR141716A (rimonabant) showed promising antiobesity effects, but its use was discontinued due to adverse psychiatric events in some users. These adverse effects are due to antagonism of CB1R in the central nervous system (CNS). As such, CNS-sparing CB1R antagonists are presently being developed for various indications. In this study, we report that a recently described compound, 3-{1-[8-(2-chlorophenyl)-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-9H-purin-6-yl]piperidin-4-yl}-1-[6-(difluoromethoxy)pyridin-3-yl]urea (RTI1092769), a pyrazole based weak inverse agonist/antagonist of CB1 with very limited brain exposure, improves MetS related complications. Treatment with RTI1092769 inhibited weight gain and improved glucose utilization in obese mice maintained on a high fat diet. Hepatic triglyceride content and steatosis significantly improved with treatment. These phenotypes were supported by improvement in several biomarkers associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). These results reinforce the idea that CB1 antagonists with limited brain exposure should be pursued for MetS and other important indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayaab Khan
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Lucas Laudermilk
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Jalen Ware
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Taylor Rosa
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Kelly Mathews
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Elaine Gay
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - George Amato
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Rangan Maitra
- Center for Drug Discovery, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sofer Y, Nash Y, Osher E, Fursht O, Goldsmith G, Nahary L, Shaklai S, Tordjman KM, Serebro M, Touati EB, Yacobi Bach M, Marcus Y, Tal B, Sack J, Shefer G, Margaliot M, Landis N, Goldiner I, Abu Ahmad W, Stern N, Benhar I, Frenkel D. Insulin-degrading enzyme higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Endocrine 2021; 71:357-364. [PMID: 33398768 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is comprised of a cluster of abnormalities in glucose, lipid, and vascular homeostasis, which is most commonly linked to abdominal obesity. MS heralds increased risk for development of diabetes and is linked to impairment in insulin signaling. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is one of the mechanisms through which insulin blood levels are maintained. It has been previously suggested that controlling IDE levels could provide yet another potential therapeutic approach in diabetes. Here we aim to investigate whether changes in serum IDE levels correlate with the severity of MS. Using a highly sensitive ELISA assay of active IDE in human serum, we found a strong correlation between circulating IDE levels and circulating levels of triglycerides, insulin, and c-peptide and an inverse correlation with HDL cholesterol (HDLc). Serum IDE levels were higher in MS subjects than in control subjects. Hence, circulating IDE may serve as a tool to identify subjects with abnormal insulin metabolism, possibly those with MS that are at risk to develop diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sofer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Y Nash
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Osher
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - O Fursht
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Goldsmith
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Nahary
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Shaklai
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - K M Tordjman
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Serebro
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E B Touati
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Yacobi Bach
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Marcus
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - B Tal
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Sack
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Shefer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Margaliot
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Landis
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - I Goldiner
- Laboratory Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - W Abu Ahmad
- Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - N Stern
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension and The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - I Benhar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Frenkel
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Modulation of Insulin Sensitivity by Insulin-Degrading Enzyme. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9010086. [PMID: 33477364 PMCID: PMC7830943 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed metalloprotease that degrades insulin and several other intermediate-size peptides. For many decades, IDE had been assumed to be involved primarily in hepatic insulin clearance, a key process that regulates availability of circulating insulin levels for peripheral tissues. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that IDE has several other important physiological functions relevant to glucose and insulin homeostasis, including the regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Investigation of mice with tissue-specific genetic deletion of Ide in the liver and pancreatic β-cells (L-IDE-KO and B-IDE-KO mice, respectively) has revealed additional roles for IDE in the regulation of hepatic insulin action and sensitivity. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about IDE’s function as a regulator of insulin secretion and hepatic insulin sensitivity, both evaluating the classical view of IDE as an insulin protease and also exploring evidence for several non-proteolytic functions. Insulin proteostasis and insulin sensitivity have both been highlighted as targets controlling blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes, so a clearer understanding the physiological functions of IDE in pancreas and liver could led to the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of this disease.
Collapse
|
18
|
Marmentini C, Soares GM, Bronczek GA, Piovan S, Mareze-Costa CE, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Kurauti MA. Aging Reduces Insulin Clearance in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:679492. [PMID: 34054736 PMCID: PMC8150109 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.679492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia is frequently associated with aging and may cause insulin resistance in elderly. Since insulin secretion and clearance decline with age, hyperinsulinemia seems to be maintained, primarily, due to a decrease in the insulin clearance. To investigate these aging effects, 3- and 18-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests (ipGTT and ipITT) and, during the ipGTT, plasma c-peptide and insulin were measure to evaluate in vivo insulin clearance. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in isolated pancreatic islets was also assessed, and liver samples were collected for molecular analyses (western blot). Although insulin sensitivity was not altered in the old mice, glucose tolerance, paradoxically, seems to be increased, accompanied by higher plasma insulin, during ipGTT. While insulin secretion did not increase, insulin clearance was reduced in the old mice, as suggested by the lower c-peptide:insulin ratio, observed during ipGTT. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) and insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), as well as the activity of this enzyme, were reduced in the liver of old mice, justifying the decreased insulin clearance observed in these mice. Therefore, loss of hepatic CEACAM1 and IDE function may be directly related to the decline in insulin clearance during aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carine Marmentini
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M. Soares
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriela A. Bronczek
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Silvano Piovan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Brazil
| | - Cecília E. Mareze-Costa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Brazil
| | - Everardo M. Carneiro
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Boschero
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mirian A. Kurauti
- Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringa, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Mirian A. Kurauti, ;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Merino B, Fernández-Díaz CM, Parrado-Fernández C, González-Casimiro CM, Postigo-Casado T, Lobatón CD, Leissring MA, Cózar-Castellano I, Perdomo G. Hepatic insulin-degrading enzyme regulates glucose and insulin homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. Metabolism 2020; 113:154352. [PMID: 32916153 PMCID: PMC8616598 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a metalloendopeptidase with a high affinity for insulin. Human genetic polymorphisms in Ide have been linked to increased risk for T2DM. In mice, hepatic Ide ablation causes glucose intolerance and insulin resistance when mice are fed a regular diet. OBJECTIVE These studies were undertaken to further investigate its regulatory role in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity. METHODS To this end, we have compared the metabolic effects of loss versus gain of IDE function in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS We demonstrate that loss of IDE function in liver (L-IDE-KO mouse) exacerbates hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance without changes in insulin clearance but in parallel to an increase in pancreatic β-cell function. Insulin resistance was associated with increased FoxO1 activation and a ~2-fold increase of GLUT2 protein levels in the liver of HFD-fed mice in response to an intraperitoneal injection of insulin. Conversely, gain of IDE function (adenoviral delivery) improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, in parallel to a reciprocal ~2-fold reduction in hepatic GLUT2 protein levels. Furthermore, in response to insulin, IDE co-immunoprecipitates with the insulin receptor in liver lysates of mice with adenoviral-mediated liver overexpression of IDE. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that IDE regulates hepatic insulin action and whole-body glucose metabolism in diet-induced obesity via insulin receptor levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Merino
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (University of Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Parrado-Fernández
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (University of Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; AlzeCure Pharma AB, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Tamara Postigo-Casado
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (University of Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Carmen D Lobatón
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (University of Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Malcolm A Leissring
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine (UCI MIND), Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Irene Cózar-Castellano
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (University of Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Germán Perdomo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (University of Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Esmaeili Mohsen Abadi S, Balouchzadeh R, Uzun G, Ko HS, Lee HF, Park S, Kwon G. Tracking changes of the parameters of glucose-insulin homeostasis during the course of obesity in B6D2F1 mice. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03251. [PMID: 32042976 PMCID: PMC7002827 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the primary causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To better understand how obesity impairs glucose-insulin homeostasis, we tracked fasting blood glucose and insulin levels and the key components of glucose-insulin homeostasis for 7 months in high fat diet (HFD; 45% fat) fed mice (n = 8). Every 2 weeks we measured body weight, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, and estimated 5 key rate constants of glucose-insulin homeostasis using the methods established previously (Heliyon 3: e00310, 2017). Mice gained weight steadily, more than doubling their weights after 7 months (23.6 ± 0.5 to 52.3 ± 1.4 g). Fasting (basal) insulin levels were elevated (221.3 ± 16.7 to 1043.1 ± 90.5 pmol l-1) but fasting blood glucose levels unexpectedly returned to the baseline levels (152.8 ± 7.0 to 152.0 ± 7.2 mg/dl) despite significantly elevated levels (216.8 ± 44.9 mg/dl, average of 3 highest values for 8 mice) during the experimental period. After 7 months of HFD feeding, the rate constants for insulin secretion (k1), insulin-independent glucose uptake (k3), and insulin concentration where liver switches from glucose uptake to release (Ipi) were significantly elevated. Insulin-dependent glucose uptake (k2) and rate constant of liver glucose transfer (k4) were lowered but no statistical significance was reached. The novel and key finding of this study is the wide range of fluctuations of the rate constants during the course of obesity, reflecting the body's compensatory responses against metabolic alterations caused by obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramin Balouchzadeh
- School of Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| | - Guney Uzun
- School of Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| | - Hoo Sang Ko
- School of Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| | - H Felix Lee
- School of Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| | - Sarah Park
- Library and Information Services, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| | - Guim Kwon
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Khedr NF, Ebeid AM, Khalil RM. New insights into weight management by orlistat in comparison with cinnamon as a natural lipase inhibitor. Endocrine 2020; 67:109-116. [PMID: 31721089 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Orlistat which is taken by obese patients may present some therapeutic assistance through its inhibition of lipase activity. Otherwise, a natural lipase inhibitor as cinnamon is widely used traditional medicine to decrease cholesterol and body weight. The current study aimed to investigate the weight management of orlistat in comparison with cinnamon through different obesity related targets. METHODS Subjects were divided into: Group 1: subjects received cinnamon capsules for 60 days. Group 2: subjects were received orlistat twice daily for 30 days, then once daily for another 30 days. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 2 months. RESULTS Both orlistat and cinnamon groups showed a significant reduction in BMI, lipid profile, and lipase activity compared with baseline. Orlistat group showed significant elevation (p < 0.001) in glucagon, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and dopamine level concomitant with the decrease of serum glutamate compared with baseline level of the same group and cinnamon group. However, cinnamon reduced serum insulin level and insulin resistance (IR) compared with baseline level of the same group and orlistat group. CONCLUSIONS Orlistat can be used in weight management not only for its pancreatic lipase inhibition but also, due to its indirect appetite reduction effect through elevated glucagon, IDE and dopamine levels and its inhibitory effect on glutamate neurotransmitter, whereas, cinnamon improves BMI and glycaemic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa F Khedr
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Abla M Ebeid
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasaa, Egypt
| | - Rania M Khalil
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasaa, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Najjar SM, Perdomo G. Hepatic Insulin Clearance: Mechanism and Physiology. Physiology (Bethesda) 2019; 34:198-215. [PMID: 30968756 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00048.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon its secretion from pancreatic β-cells, insulin reaches the liver through the portal circulation to exert its action and eventually undergo clearance in the hepatocytes. In addition to insulin secretion, hepatic insulin clearance regulates the homeostatic level of insulin that is required to reach peripheral insulin target tissues to elicit proper insulin action. Receptor-mediated insulin uptake followed by its degradation constitutes the basic mechanism of insulin clearance. Upon its phosphorylation by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) takes part in the insulin-insulin receptor complex to increase the rate of its endocytosis and targeting to the degradation pathways. This review summarizes how this process is regulated and how it is associated with insulin-degrading enzyme in the liver. It also discusses the physiological implications of impaired hepatic insulin clearance: Whereas reduced insulin clearance cooperates with increased insulin secretion to compensate for insulin resistance, it can also cause hepatic insulin resistance. Because chronic hyperinsulinemia stimulates hepatic de novo lipogenesis, impaired insulin clearance also causes hepatic steatosis. Thus impaired insulin clearance can underlie the link between hepatic insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Delineating these regulatory pathways should lead to building more effective therapeutic strategies against metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia M Najjar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University , Athens, Ohio.,Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University , Athens, Ohio
| | - Germán Perdomo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Burgos , Burgos , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chung ST, Galvan-De La Cruz M, Aldana PC, Mabundo LS, DuBose CW, Onuzuruike AU, Walter M, Gharib AM, Courville AB, Sherman AS, Sumner AE. Postprandial Insulin Response and Clearance Among Black and White Women: The Federal Women's Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:181-192. [PMID: 30260396 PMCID: PMC6286409 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Postprandial hyperinsulinemia might be an important cardiometabolic risk determinant in black compared with white women. However, the contributions of insulin clearance and β-cell function to racial differences in postprandial insulin response are unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare, by race and menopause, early insulin response to oral and intravenous glucose and to measure postprandial intact glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations, insulin clearance, and β-cell function. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS 119 federally employed women without diabetes [87 premenopausal (52 black, 35 white) and 32 postmenopausal (19 black, 13 white)] underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose test (IM-FSIGT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). OUTCOME MEASURES Early insulin response was measured as follows: (i) insulinogenic index (oral glucose tolerance test); (ii) acute insulin response to glucose (IM-FSIGT); and (iii) ratio of incremental insulin/glucose area under the curve in the first 30 minutes of the MMTT. Insulin clearance was assessed during the IM-FSIGT and MMTT. During the MMTT, intact GLP-1 was measured and β-cell function assessed using the insulin secretion rate and β-cell responsivity indexes. RESULTS Black pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women had a greater insulin response and lower insulin clearance and greater dynamic β-cell responsivity (P ≤ 0.05 for all). No differences were found in the total insulin secretion rates or intact GLP-1 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Greater postprandial hyperinsulinemia in black pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women was associated with lower hepatic insulin clearance and heightened β-cell capacity to rapid changes in glucose, but not to higher insulin secretion. The relationship of increased β-cell secretory capacity, reduced insulin clearance, and ambient hyperinsulinemia to the development of cardiometabolic disease requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie T Chung
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Stephanie T. Chung, MBBS, Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10-CRC, Room 5-3671, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. E-mail:
| | - Mirella Galvan-De La Cruz
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paola C Aldana
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lilian S Mabundo
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher W DuBose
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anthony U Onuzuruike
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary Walter
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ahmed M Gharib
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Arthur S Sherman
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anne E Sumner
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Venturini PR, Thomazini BF, Oliveira CA, Alves AA, Camargo TF, Domingues CEC, Barbosa-Sampaio HCL, do Amaral MEC. Vitamin E supplementation and caloric restriction promotes regulation of insulin secretion and glycemic homeostasis by different mechanisms in rats. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:777-785. [PMID: 30481061 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E and caloric restriction have antioxidant effects in mammals. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of vitamin E supplementation and caloric restriction upon insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in rats. Male Wistar rats were distributed among the following groups: C, control group fed ad libitum; R, food quantity reduction of 40%; CV, control group supplemented with vitamin E [30 mg·kg-1·day-1]; and RV, food-restricted group supplemented with vitamin E. The experiments ran for 21 days. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity was higher in the CV, R, and RV groups. Insulin secretion stimulated with different glucose concentrations was lower in the R and RV groups, compared with C and CV. In the presence of glucose and secretagogues, insulin secretion was higher in the CV group and was lower in the R and RV groups. An increase in insulin receptor occurred in the fat pad and muscle tissue of groups CV, R, and RV. Levels of hepatic insulin receptor and phospho-Akt protein were higher in groups R and RV, compared with C and CV, while muscle phospho-Akt was increased in the CV group. There was a reduction in hepatic RNA levels of the hepatocyte growth factor gene and insulin degrading enzyme in the R group, and increased levels of insulin degrading enzyme in the CV and RV groups. Thus, vitamin E supplementation and caloric restriction modulate insulin secretion by different mechanisms to maintain glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula R Venturini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fontana Thomazini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Andréa Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Armindo A Alves
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Furtado Camargo
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio E C Domingues
- School of Biology, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena C L Barbosa-Sampaio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Esméria C do Amaral
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moser VA, Uchoa MF, Pike CJ. TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 attenuates the adverse neural effects of diet-induced obesity. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:306. [PMID: 30396359 PMCID: PMC6217784 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity exerts negative effects on brain health, including decreased neurogenesis, impaired learning and memory, and increased risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Because obesity promotes glial activation, chronic neuroinflammation, and neural injury, microglia are implicated in the deleterious effects of obesity. One pathway that is particularly important in mediating the effects of obesity in peripheral tissues is toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. The potential contribution of TLR4 pathways in mediating adverse neural outcomes of obesity has not been well addressed. To investigate this possibility, we examined how pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 affects the peripheral and neural outcomes of diet-induced obesity. METHODS Male C57BL6/J mice were maintained on either a control or high-fat diet for 12 weeks in the presence or absence of the specific TLR4 signaling inhibitor TAK-242. Outcomes examined included metabolic indices, a range of behavioral assessments, microglial activation, systemic and neuroinflammation, and neural health endpoints. RESULTS Peripherally, TAK-242 treatment was associated with partial inhibition of inflammation in the adipose tissue but exerted no significant effects on body weight, adiposity, and a range of metabolic measures. In the brain, obese mice treated with TAK-242 exhibited a significant reduction in microglial activation, improved levels of neurogenesis, and inhibition of Alzheimer-related amyloidogenic pathways. High-fat diet and TAK-242 were associated with only very modest effects on a range of behavioral measures. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate a significant protective effect of TLR4 inhibition on neural consequences of obesity, findings that further define the role of microglia in obesity-mediated outcomes and identify a strategy for improving brain health in obese individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. Alexandra Moser
- 0000 0001 2156 6853grid.42505.36Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, 3641 Watt Way, HNB 120, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
| | - Mariana F. Uchoa
- 0000 0001 2156 6853grid.42505.36Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, 3641 Watt Way, HNB 120, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
| | - Christian J. Pike
- 0000 0001 2156 6853grid.42505.36Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, 3641 Watt Way, HNB 120, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA ,0000 0001 2156 6853grid.42505.36Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191 USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Elseweidy MM, Amin RS, Atteia HH, Aly MA. Nigella sativa Oil and Chromium Picolinate Ameliorate Fructose-Induced Hyperinsulinemia by Enhancing Insulin Signaling and Suppressing Insulin-Degrading Enzyme in Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:119-126. [PMID: 28975521 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro studies suggested that chromium enhances insulin sensitivity by promoting insulin receptor signaling. However, its effect on insulin clearance has not been yet identified. Nigella sativa, a widely used spice, possesses an antidiabetic activity. We, therefore, hypothesized that chromium picolinate may alter insulin clearance by modulating insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) in insulin-resistant rats. We evaluated also the effect of Nigella sativa oil on insulin signaling and degradation with respect to chromium picolinate. To assess these hypotheses, insulin resistance was induced in 30 male Wistar albino rats through daily oral administration of high-fructose water (HFW, 20% w/v) for 45 days. These rats were then divided into three groups (n = 10/group). They were given either no treatment (control group) or Nigella sativa oil (500 mg/kg bw/day) or chromium picoloinate (200 μg/kg bw/day) orally along with HFW (20% w/v) for 45 days. Nigella sativa oil or chromium picolinate concurrent administration with HFW significantly decreased body weight, serum lipids, glucagon, insulin resistance, and hepatic IDE level but increased its mRNA expression and insulin receptor phosphorlyation as well as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level as compared to control group values, suggesting their potential as modulators for insulin signaling and clearance. However, Nigella sativa oil exerted better improvement in feeding efficacy ratio as well as the levels of glucagon, insulin, insulin resistance, hepatic IDE level and insulin receptor phosphorylation than chromium picolinate, suggesting its greater insulin sensitizing capacity. Our data, for the first time, prove that Nigella sativa oil and chromium picolinate monotherapy can reduce fructose-induced insulin resistance by reduction of hepatic IDE protein and activation of insulin receptor signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoud Elseweidy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Rawia Sarhan Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Husseini Atteia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdo Aly
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, 44519, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Neyazi N, Motevaseli E, Khorramizadeh MR, Mohammadi Farsani T, Nouri Z, Nasli Esfahani E, Ghahremani MH. Inhibition of Insulin Degrading Enzyme and Insulin Degradation by UV-Killed Lactobacillus acidophilus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 6:medsci6020036. [PMID: 29751685 PMCID: PMC6024763 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have beneficial effects on management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The major hallmarks of T2D are insulin deficiency and insulin resistance which emphasize insulin therapy in onset of disease. Lactobacilli such as Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) have well known properties on prevention of T2D and insulin resistance but not on insulin degradation. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) degrades insulin in the human body. We studied the effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) and ultraviolet (UV)-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314) on IDE activity and insulin degradation in vitro. Cell growth inhibition by CFS and UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314) was studied and Western blotting and a fluoregenic assay was performed to determine IDE expression and its activity, respectively. Insulin degradation was evaluated by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). IDE expression and activity was reduced by CFS and UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314). Although, decreased enzyme expression and activity was not significant for CFS in contrast to MRL (MRS with same pH as CFS). Also, reduction in IDE activity was not statistically considerable when compared to IDE expression. Insulin degradation was increased by CFS but decreased by UV-killed L. acidophilus (ATCC 314).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Neyazi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS-IC), Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Khorramizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Taiebeh Mohammadi Farsani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Zahra Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Ensieh Nasli Esfahani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jiang MP, Xu C, Guo YW, Luo QJ, Li L, Liu HL, Jiang J, Chen HX, Wei XQ. β-arrestin 2 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated inflammation in mice. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:216-225. [PMID: 29375207 PMCID: PMC5768940 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i2.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the role and the possible mechanism of β-arrestin 2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in vivo and in vitro.
METHODS Male β-arrestin 2+/+ and β-arrestin 2-/- C57BL/6J mice were used for in vivo experiments, and the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was used for in vitro experiments. The animal model was established via intraperitoneal injection of LPS or physiological sodium chloride solution. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected to analyze liver injury and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cultured cell extracts were collected to analyze the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and expression of key molecules involved in the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
RESULTS Compared with wild-type mice, the β-arrestin 2 knockout mice displayed more severe LPS-induced liver injury and significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10. Compared with the control group, pro-inflammatory cytokines (including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) produced by RAW264.7 cells in the β-arrestin 2 siRNA group were significantly increased at 6 h after treatment with LPS. Further, key molecules involved in the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, including phospho-IκBα and phosho-p65, were upregulated.
CONCLUSION β-arrestin 2 can protect liver tissue from LPS-induced injury via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ping Jiang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, Huizhou 516002, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yun-Wei Guo
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian-Jiang Luo
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui-Ling Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui-Xin Chen
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huizhou Municipal Center Hospital, Huizhou 516002, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Wei
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Insulin degrading enzyme contributes to the pathology in a mixed model of Type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: possible mechanisms of IDE in T2D and AD. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20170862. [PMID: 29222348 PMCID: PMC6435468 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) is believed to act as a junction point of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the underlying mechanism was not completely clear yet. Transgenic APPSwe/PS1 mice were used as the AD model and were treated with streptozocin/streptozotocin (STZ) to develop a mixed mice model presenting both AD and T2D. Morris Water Maze (MWM) and recognition task were performed to trace the cognitive function. The detection of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and plasma insulin concentration, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were used to trace the metabolism evolution. Aβ40 and Aβ42 were quantified by colorimetric ELISA kits. The mRNA or protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis respectively. T2D contributes to the AD progress by accelerating and worsening spatial learning and recognition impairments. Metabolic parameters and glucose tolerance were significantly changed in the presence of the AD and T2D. The expression levels of IDE, PPARγ, and AMPK were down-regulated in mice with AD and T2D. PPARγ activator rosiglitazone (RSZ) or AMPK activator AICAR increased the expression level of IDE and decreased Aβ levels in mice with AD and T2D. RSZ or AICAR treatment also alleviated the spatial learning and recognition impairments in AD and T2D mice. Our results found that, in the mice with T2D and AD, the activators of PPARγ/AMPK signaling pathway significantly increased the expression level of IDE, and decreased the accumulation of Aβ40 and Aβ42, as well as alleviated the spatial learning and recognition impairments.
Collapse
|
30
|
Ferreira FBD, Dos Santos C, Bruxel MA, Nunes EA, Spiller F, Rafacho A. Glucose homeostasis in two degrees of sepsis lethality induced by caecum ligation and puncture in mice. Int J Exp Pathol 2017; 98:329-340. [PMID: 29226508 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with high mortality. Both critically ill humans and animal models of sepsis exhibit changes in their glucose homeostasis, that is, hypoglycaemia, with the progression of infection. However, the relationship between basal glycaemia, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity is not well understood. Thus, we aimed to evaluate this glucose homeostasis triad at the late stage of sepsis (24 h after surgery) in male Swiss mice subjected to lethal and sublethal sepsis by the caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. The percentage of survival 24 h after CLP procedure in the Lethal and Sublethal groups was around 66% and 100% respectively. Both Lethal and Sublethal groups became hypoglycaemic in fasting and fed states 24 h after surgery. The pronounced fed hypoglycaemia in the Lethal group was not due to worsening anorexic behaviour or hepatic inability to deliver glucose in relation to the Sublethal group. Reduction in insulin sensitivity in CLP mice occurred in a lethality-dependent manner and was not associated with glucose intolerance. Analysis of oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests, as well as the gastrointestinal motility data, indicated that CLP mice had reduced intestinal glucose absorption. Altogether, we suggest cessation of appetite and intestinal glucose malabsorption are key contributors to the hypoglycaemic state observed during experimental severe sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francielle B D Ferreira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Maciel A Bruxel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Everson A Nunes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fernando Spiller
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Takano K, Koarashi K, Kawabe K, Itakura M, Nakajima H, Moriyama M, Nakamura Y. Insulin expression in cultured astrocytes and the decrease by amyloid β. Neurochem Int 2017; 119:171-177. [PMID: 29108865 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance in brain has been reported in Alzheimer's diseases (AD). Insulin signaling is important for homeostasis in brain function and reported to be disturbed in neurons leading to tau phosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles. Many investigations of insulin in neurons have been reported; however, it has not been reported whether astrocytes also produce insulin. In the present study, we assessed the expression of insulin in astrocytes cultured from rat embryonic brain and the effects of amyloid β1-42 (Aβ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression. We found that astrocytes expressed preproinsulin mRNAs and insulin protein, and that Aβ or LPS decreased these expressions. Antioxidants, glutathione and N-acetylcysteine, restored the decreases in insulin mRNA expression by Aβ and by LPS. Insulin protein was detected in astrocyte conditioned medium. These results suggest that astrocytes express and secrete insulin. Oxidative stress might be involved in the decreased insulin expression by Aβ or LPS. The insulin decrease by Aβ in astrocytes could be a novel disturbing mechanism for brain insulin signaling in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsura Takano
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology in Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Koarashi
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology in Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawabe
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology in Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| | - Masanori Itakura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Nakajima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Moriyama
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology in Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology in Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vettorazzi JF, Kurauti MA, Soares GM, Borck PC, Ferreira SM, Branco RCS, Michelone LDSL, Boschero AC, Junior JMC, Carneiro EM. Bile acid TUDCA improves insulin clearance by increasing the expression of insulin-degrading enzyme in the liver of obese mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14876. [PMID: 29093479 PMCID: PMC5665899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of insulin secretion and clearance both contribute to obesity-induced hyperinsulinemia, though reduced insulin clearance seems to be the main factor. The liver is the major site for insulin degradation, a process mainly coordinated by the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE). The beneficial effects of taurine conjugated bile acid (TUDCA) on insulin secretion as well as insulin sensitivity have been recently described. However, the possible role of TUDCA in insulin clearance had not yet been explored. Here, we demonstrated that 15 days treatment with TUDCA reestablished plasma insulin to physiological concentrations in high fat diet (HFD) mice, a phenomenon associated with increased insulin clearance and liver IDE expression. TUDCA also increased IDE expression in human hepatic cell line HepG2. This effect was not observed in the presence of an inhibitor of the hepatic membrane bile acid receptor, S1PR2, nor when its downstream proteins were inhibited, including IR, PI3K and Akt. These results indicate that treatment with TUDCA may be helpful to counteract obesity-induced hyperinsulinemia through increasing insulin clearance, likely through enhanced liver IDE expression in a mechanism dependent on S1PR2-Insulin pathway activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirian Ayumi Kurauti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Moreira Soares
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Cristine Borck
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Ferreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Chaves Souto Branco
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana de Souza Lima Michelone
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Maria Costa Junior
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li H, Yang S, Wu J, Ji L, Zhu L, Cao L, Huang J, Jiang Q, Wei J, Liu M, Mao K, Wei N, Xie W, Yang Z. cAMP/PKA signaling pathway contributes to neuronal apoptosis via regulating IDE expression in a mixed model of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1616-1626. [PMID: 28771808 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may play a relevant role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, the underlying mechanism was not clear yet. We developed an animal model presenting both AD and T2D, morris water maze (MWM) test and recognition task were performed to trace the cognitive function. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were determined to trace the metabolism evolution. TUNEL assay and apoptosis-related protein levels were analyzed for the detection of neuronal apoptosis. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) agonist bucladesine or protein kinase (PKA) inhibitor H-89 were used to determine the effects of cAMP/PKA signaling pathway on IDE expression and neuronal apoptosis. The results showed that T2D contributes to the AD progress by accelerating and worsening spatial memory and recognition dysfunctions. Metabolic parameters and glucose tolerance were significantly changed in the presence of the AD and T2D. The significantly induced neuronal apoptosis and increased pro-apoptotic proteins in mice with AD and T2D were also observed. We showed the decreased expression level of IDE and the activating of cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in AD and T2D mice. Further studies indicated that cAMP agonist decreased the expression level of IDE and induced the neuronal apoptosis in mice with AD and T2D; whereas PKA inhibitor H-89 treatment showed the completely opposite results. Our study indicated that, in the T2D and AD mice, cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and IDE may participate in the contribute role of T2D in accelerating the pathological process of AD via causing the accumulation of Aβ and neuronal apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Ji
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linfeng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinzhong Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqing Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Wei
- Department of General Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keshi Mao
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhilong Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Ciaccio C, Grasso G, Gioia M, Coletta A, Polticelli F, Di Pierro D, Milardi D, Van Endert P, Marini S, Coletta M. Multiple functions of insulin-degrading enzyme: a metabolic crosslight? Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28635330 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2017.1337707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a ubiquitous zinc peptidase of the inverzincin family, which has been initially discovered as the enzyme responsible for insulin catabolism; therefore, its involvement in the onset of diabetes has been largely investigated. However, further studies on IDE unraveled its ability to degrade several other polypeptides, such as β-amyloid, amylin, and glucagon, envisaging the possible implication of IDE dys-regulation in the "aggregopathies" and, in particular, in neurodegenerative diseases. Over the last decade, a novel scenario on IDE biology has emerged, pointing out a multi-functional role of this enzyme in several basic cellular processes. In particular, latest advances indicate that IDE behaves as a heat shock protein and modulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system, suggesting a major implication in proteins turnover and cell homeostasis. In addition, recent observations have highlighted that the regulation of glucose metabolism by IDE is not merely based on its largely proposed role in the degradation of insulin in vivo. There is increasing evidence that improper IDE function, regulation, or trafficking might contribute to the etiology of metabolic diseases. In addition, the enzymatic activity of IDE is affected by metals levels, thus suggesting a role also in the metal homeostasis (metallostasis), which is thought to be tightly linked to the malfunction of the "quality control" machinery of the cell. Focusing on the physiological role of IDE, we will address a comprehensive vision of the very complex scenario in which IDE takes part, outlining its crucial role in interconnecting several relevant cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grazia R Tundo
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy.,c Center for TeleInfrastructures, University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- d Department of Chemistry , University of Catania , Catania , Italy.,e CNR IBB , Catania , Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | - Andrea Coletta
- f Department of Chemistry , University of Aarhus , Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | - Donato Di Pierro
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | | | - Peter Van Endert
- h Université Paris Descartes, INSERM, U1151, CNRS , Paris , France
| | - Stefano Marini
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy.,c Center for TeleInfrastructures, University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy.,c Center for TeleInfrastructures, University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Song MK, Bischoff DS, Song AM, Uyemura K, Yamaguchi DT. Metabolic relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease affected by Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc treatment. BBA CLINICAL 2017. [PMID: 28070499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.09.003s2214-6474(16)30039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) has been well established. Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc (Cyclo-Z) treatment ameliorated diabetes in rats and similar improvements have been seen in human patients. Treatment of amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice with Cyclo-Z exhibited memory improvements and significantly reduced Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 protein levels in the brain tissues of the mice. SCOPE OF REVIEW Metabolic relationship between AD and T2D will be described with particular attention to insulin sensitivity and Aβ degradation in brain and plasma tissues. Mechanistic effect of insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) in decreasing blood glucose and brain Aβ levels will be elucidated. Cyclo-Z effects on these biochemical parameters will be discussed. MAJOR CONCLUSION Stimulation of IDE synthesis is effective for the clinical treatment of metabolic diseases including AD and T2D. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Cyclo-Z might be the effective treatment of AD and T2D by stimulating IDE synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moon K Song
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343; UCLA School of Medicine, 1O833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - David S Bischoff
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343; UCLA School of Medicine, 1O833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Albert M Song
- Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, 13651 Willard Street, Panorama City, CA 91402
| | - Koichi Uyemura
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343
| | - Dean T Yamaguchi
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343; UCLA School of Medicine, 1O833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Song MK, Bischoff DS, Song AM, Uyemura K, Yamaguchi DT. Metabolic relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease affected by Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc treatment. BBA CLINICAL 2017; 7:41-54. [PMID: 28070499 PMCID: PMC5219633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) has been well established. Cyclo(His-Pro) plus zinc (Cyclo-Z) treatment ameliorated diabetes in rats and similar improvements have been seen in human patients. Treatment of amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice with Cyclo-Z exhibited memory improvements and significantly reduced Aβ-40 and Aβ-42 protein levels in the brain tissues of the mice. SCOPE OF REVIEW Metabolic relationship between AD and T2D will be described with particular attention to insulin sensitivity and Aβ degradation in brain and plasma tissues. Mechanistic effect of insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) in decreasing blood glucose and brain Aβ levels will be elucidated. Cyclo-Z effects on these biochemical parameters will be discussed. MAJOR CONCLUSION Stimulation of IDE synthesis is effective for the clinical treatment of metabolic diseases including AD and T2D. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Cyclo-Z might be the effective treatment of AD and T2D by stimulating IDE synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moon K. Song
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343
- UCLA School of Medicine, 1O833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - David S. Bischoff
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343
- UCLA School of Medicine, 1O833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Albert M. Song
- Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, 13651 Willard Street, Panorama City, CA 91402
| | - Koichi Uyemura
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343
| | - Dean T. Yamaguchi
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 16111, Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343
- UCLA School of Medicine, 1O833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Moser VA, Pike CJ. Obesity Accelerates Alzheimer-Related Pathology in APOE4 but not APOE3 Mice. eNeuro 2017; 4:ENEURO.0077-17.2017. [PMID: 28612048 PMCID: PMC5469027 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0077-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk is modified by both genetic and environmental risk factors, which are believed to interact to cooperatively modify pathogenesis. Although numerous genetic and environmental risk factors for AD have been identified, relatively little is known about potential gene-environment interactions in regulating disease risk. The strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD is the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE4). An important modifiable risk factor for AD is obesity, which has been shown to increase AD risk in humans and accelerate development of AD-related pathology in rodent models. Potential interactions between APOE4 and obesity are suggested by the literature but have not been thoroughly investigated. In the current study, we evaluated this relationship by studying the effects of diet-induced obesity (DIO) in the EFAD mouse model, which combines familial AD transgenes with human APOE3 or APOE4. Male E3FAD and E4FAD mice were maintained for 12 weeks on either a control diet or a Western diet high in saturated fat and sugars. We observed that metabolic outcomes of DIO were similar in E3FAD and E4FAD mice. Importantly, our data showed a significant interaction between diet and APOE genotype on AD-related outcomes in which Western diet was associated with robust increases in amyloid deposits, β-amyloid burden, and glial activation in E4FAD but not in E3FAD mice. These findings demonstrate an important gene-environment interaction in an AD mouse model that suggests that AD risk associated with obesity is strongly influenced by APOE genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Alexandra Moser
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Christian J Pike
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Interleukin-6 increases the expression and activity of insulin-degrading enzyme. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46750. [PMID: 28429777 PMCID: PMC5399448 DOI: 10.1038/srep46750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we used 4-mo-old male C57BL/6 interleukin-6 (IL-6) knockout mice (KO) to investigate the role of this cytokine on IDE expression and activity. IL-6 KO mice displayed lower insulin clearance in the liver and skeletal muscle, compared with wild type (WT), due to reduced IDE expression and activity. We also observed that after 3-h incubation, IL-6, 50 and 100 ng ml−1, increased the expression of IDE in HEPG2 and C2C12 cells, respectively. In addition, during acute exercise, the inhibition of IL-6 prevented an increase in insulin clearance and IDE expression and activity, mainly in the skeletal muscle. Finally, IL-6 and IDE concentrations were significantly increased in plasma from humans, after an acute exercise, compared to pre-exercise values. Although the increase in plasma IDE activity was only marginal, a positive correlation between IL-6 and IDE activity, and between IL-6 and IDE protein expression, was observed. Our outcomes indicate a novel function of IL-6 on the insulin metabolism expanding the possibilities for new potential therapeutic strategies, focused on insulin degradation, for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases related to hyperinsulinemia, such as obesity and T2DM.
Collapse
|
39
|
Elseweidy MM, Amin RS, Atteia HH, Ali MA. Vitamin D3 intake as regulator of insulin degrading enzyme and insulin receptor phosphorylation in diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 85:155-159. [PMID: 27930980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE, insulysin) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the insulin degradation process. It is an intracellular 110-kDa thiol zinc-metalloendopeptidase located in the cytosol, peroxisomes, endosomes and cell surface. IDE catalyzes degradation of several small proteins including insulin, amylin and β-amyloid protein. In addition, insulin clearance was expressed as a target in the treatment of type 2 diabetes given the role of hyperinsulinemia in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. In this study, fourtyadult male Wistar albino rats were used, thirty rats received 20% fructose in drinking water (HFW) for six weeks to induce diabetes. Subsequently, these rats developed significantly higher body weights, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance compared to their controls. Significant increase in the levels of serum glucagon, IDE in liver tissue along with an inhibition of insulin receptor phosphorylation were also observed. Concurrent oral administration of vitamin D3 along with HFW resulted in significant decrease of serum glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and LDL-C levels. Vitamin D alleviated also insulin resistance, where both IDE, glucagon levels showed significant decrease along with activation of insulin receptor phosphorylation. Normal rats, received vitamin D3 only demonstrated non significant changes of the studied biomarkers. We concluded that vitamin D3 ameliorated insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in diabetic rat model received HFW through reduction of IDE and activation of insulin receptor phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rawia Sarhan Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Sharkia Gov., Egypt
| | | | - Maha Abdo Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Sharkia Gov., Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Santos RS, Batista TM, Camargo RL, Morato PN, Borck PC, Leite NC, Kurauti MA, Wanschel ACBA, Nadal Á, Clegg DJ, Carneiro EM. Lacking of estradiol reduces insulin exocytosis from pancreatic β-cells and increases hepatic insulin degradation. Steroids 2016; 114:16-24. [PMID: 27192429 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Low levels of plasma estrogens are associated with weight-gain, android fat distribution, and a high prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities such as glucose intolerance and type II diabetes. The mechanisms underlying the association between low levels of estrogens and impaired glucose homeostasis are not completely understood. To begin to test this, we used three-month-old female C57BL/6J mice that either underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or received a sham surgery (Sham), and we characterized glucose homeostasis. In a subsequent series of experiments, OVX mice received estradiol treatment (OVX+E2) or vehicle (OVX) for 6 consecutive days. As has been previously reported, lack of ovarian hormones resulted in dysregulated glucose homeostasis. To begin to explore the mechanisms by which this occurs, we characterized the impact of estrogens on insulin secretion and degradation in these mice. Insulin secretion and plasma insulin levels were lower in OVX mice. OVX mice had lower levels of pancreatic Syntaxin 1-A (Synt-1A) protein, which is involved in insulin extrusion from the pancreas. In the liver, OVX mice had higher levels of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and this was associated with higher insulin clearance. Estradiol treatment improved glucose intolerance in OVX mice and restored insulin secretion, as well as normalized the protein content of pancreatic Synt-1A. The addition of estrogens to OVX mice reduced IDE protein to that of Sham mice. Our data suggest loss of ovarian estradiol following OVX led to impaired glucose homeostasis due to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in the exocytosis of insulin, and upregulation of hepatic IDE protein content resulting in lower insulinemia, which was normalized by estradiol replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta S Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Biomedical Research Department, Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA, United States.
| | - Thiago M Batista
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael L Camargo
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila N Morato
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Borck
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara C Leite
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirian A Kurauti
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amarylis C B A Wanschel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ángel Nadal
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Biomedical Research Department, Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Beverly Hills, CA, United States
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, e Centro de Pesquisa em Obesidade e Comorbidades, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Martins FO, Delgado TC, Viegas J, Gaspar JM, Scott DK, O'Doherty RM, Macedo MP, Jones JG. Mechanisms by which the thiazolidinedione troglitazone protects against sucrose-induced hepatic fat accumulation and hyperinsulinaemia. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:267-78. [PMID: 26447327 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thiazolidinediones (TZD) are known to ameliorate fatty liver in type 2 diabetes. To date, the underlying mechanisms of their hepatic actions remain unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Hepatic triglyceride content and export rates were assessed in 2 week high-sucrose-fed Wistar rats treated with troglitazone and compared with untreated high-sucrose rodent controls. Fractional de novo lipogenesis (DNL) contributions to hepatic triglyceride were quantified by analysis of triglyceride enrichment from deuterated water. Hepatic insulin clearance and NO status during a meal tolerance test were also evaluated. KEY RESULTS TZD significantly reduced hepatic triglyceride (P < 0.01) by 48%, decreased DNL contribution to hepatic triglyceride (P < 0.01) and increased postprandial non-esterified fatty acids clearance rates (P < 0.01) in comparison with the high-sucrose rodent control group. During a meal tolerance test, plasma insulin AUC was significantly lower (P < 0.01), while blood glucose and plasma C-peptide levels were not different. Insulin clearance was increased (P < 0.001) by 24% and was associated with a 22% augmentation of hepatic insulin-degrading enzyme activity (P < 0.05). Finally, hepatic NO was decreased by 24% (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Overall, TZD show direct actions on liver by reducing hepatic DNL and increasing hepatic insulin clearance. The alterations in hepatic insulin clearance were associated with changes in insulin-degrading enzyme activity, with possible modulation of NO levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima O Martins
- Metabolic Control Group, Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Neyazi N, Mohammadi Farsani T, Nouri Z, Ghahremani MH, Khorramizadeh MR, Tajerian R, Motevaseli E. Potential efficacy of Lactobacillus casei IBRC_M10711 on expression and activity of insulin degrading enzyme but not insulin degradation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 53:12-19. [PMID: 27573410 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a condition with insufficient insulin production or in the setting of insulin resistance with many origins including intestinal microbiota-related molecular mechanism. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is responsible for insulin breakdown in various tissues and is known as a potential drug target for T2D. Here, we assessed the effects of cell-free supernatant (CFS) and UV-killed Lactobacillus casei IBRC_M10711 on IDE expression, IDE activity, and insulin degradation in Caco-2 cell line. It was found that CFS and UV-killed L. casei IBRC_M10711 led to lower expression of IDE. UV-killed L. casei IBRC_M10711 significantly inhibited IDE activity but CFS did not. Insulin degradation was affected with none of them. In conclusion, L. casei IBRC_M10711 is effective on IDE expression and its activity, but not on insulin degradation. Future studies are recommended to explore the effect of this probiotic on other substrates of IDE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Neyazi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Oncology, Kabul Medical University, Jamal Mena, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Taiebeh Mohammadi Farsani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khorramizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinilogy and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, EMRI, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roksana Tajerian
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Acute Exercise Improves Insulin Clearance and Increases the Expression of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme in the Liver and Skeletal Muscle of Swiss Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160239. [PMID: 27467214 PMCID: PMC4965115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of exercise on insulin clearance and IDE expression are not yet fully elucidated. Here, we have explored the effect of acute exercise on insulin clearance and IDE expression in lean mice. Male Swiss mice were subjected to a single bout of exercise on a speed/angle controlled treadmill for 3-h at approximately 60-70% of maximum oxygen consumption. As expected, acute exercise reduced glycemia and insulinemia, and increased insulin tolerance. The activity of AMPK-ACC, but not of IR-Akt, pathway was increased in the liver and skeletal muscle of trained mice. In an apparent contrast to the reduced insulinemia, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was increased in isolated islets of these mice. However, insulin clearance was increased after acute exercise and was accompanied by increased expression of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), in the liver and skeletal muscle. Finally, C2C12, but not HEPG2 cells, incubated at different concentrations of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) for 3-h, showed increased expression of IDE. In conclusion, acute exercise increases insulin clearance, probably due to an augmentation of IDE expression in the liver and skeletal muscle. The elevated IDE expression, in the skeletal muscle, seems to be mediated by activation of AMPK-ACC pathway, in response to exercise. We believe that the increase in the IDE expression, comprise a safety measure to maintain glycemia at or close to physiological levels, turning physical exercise more effective and safe.
Collapse
|
44
|
Kurauti MA, Costa-Júnior JM, Ferreira SM, Dos Santos GJ, Protzek AOP, Nardelli TR, de Rezende LF, Boschero AC. Acute exercise restores insulin clearance in diet-induced obese mice. J Endocrinol 2016; 229:221-32. [PMID: 27000684 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the insulin clearance in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice submitted to acute endurance exercise (3h of treadmill exercise at 60-70% VO2max). Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in isolated islets; ipGTT; ipITT; ipPTT; in vivo insulin clearance; protein expression in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue (insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), insulin receptor subunitβ(IRβ), phospho-Akt (p-Akt) and phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK)), and the activity of IDE in the liver and skeletal muscle were accessed. In DIO mice, acute exercise reduced fasting glycemia and insulinemia, improved glucose and insulin tolerance, reduced hepatic glucose production, and increased p-Akt protein levels in liver and skeletal muscle and p-AMPK protein levels in skeletal muscle. In addition, insulin secretion was reduced, whereas insulin clearance and the expression of IDE and IRβ were increased in liver and skeletal muscle. Finally, IDE activity was increased only in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, we propose that the increased insulin clearance and IDE expression and activity, primarily, in skeletal muscle, constitute an additional mechanism, whereby physical exercise reduces insulinemia in DIO mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirian A Kurauti
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - José M Costa-Júnior
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sandra M Ferreira
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J Dos Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - André O P Protzek
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Tarlliza R Nardelli
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luiz F de Rezende
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional BiologyInstitute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
He WT, Mori M, Yu XF, Kanda T. Higher BNP levels within physiological range correlate with beneficial nonfasting lipid profiles in the elderly: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:3. [PMID: 26728801 PMCID: PMC4700761 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging studies indicate that B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), a well-known biomarker for heart failure, also plays pivotal roles in metabolic control. Circulating BNP levels progressively increase as ages grow older. However, the association between BNP levels and lipid metabolism in the elderly remains unknown. Methods A total of 680 eligible volunteers (male/female: 334/346) aged between 60 and 80 years old without overt heart failure (BNP <100 pg/ml) were enrolled. Random nonfasting venous samples were obtained for biochemical analysis. The subjects were stratified based on BNP quartiles: BNP Q1 (range: 2.2–9.0 pg/ml), Q2 (9.1–20.4 pg/ml), Q3 (20.5–44.4 pg/ml) and Q4 (44.6–99.7 pg/ml). Difference of metabolic parameters was compared among the subjects grouped by BNP quartiles. Univariate correlation and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the association between BNP levels and metabolic parameters. The odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for dyslipidemia in subjects within BNP Q1-3 relative to subjects within BNP Q4 were calculated. Results Circulating BNP levels positively correlated with age, while negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), eGFR and non-HDL. Subjects with lower BNP quartiles had significantly elevated prevalence of dyslipidemia, including hypertriglyceridemia, hyper-LDL-emia and hypercholesterolemia. The OR of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia for subjects within BNP Q1-2 significantly increased relative to BNP Q4. Conclusions The elderly people with higher BNP levels have significantly reduced risks for nonfasting dyslipidemia. Verification of the cause-effect relationship between BNP and dyslipidemia may bring therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao He
- Department of Community Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital, Himi, Toyama, 935-8531, Japan. .,Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Masayuki Mori
- Department of Community Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital, Himi, Toyama, 935-8531, Japan.
| | - Xue-Feng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Tsugiyasu Kanda
- Department of Community Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital, Himi, Toyama, 935-8531, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tang WJ. Targeting Insulin-Degrading Enzyme to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:24-34. [PMID: 26651592 PMCID: PMC4698235 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) selectively degrades peptides, such as insulin, amylin, and amyloid β (Aβ) that form toxic aggregates, to maintain proteostasis. IDE defects are linked to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Structural and biochemical analyses revealed the molecular basis for IDE-mediated destruction of amyloidogenic peptides and this information has been exploited to develop promising inhibitors of IDE to improve glucose homeostasis. However, the inhibition of IDE can also lead to glucose intolerance. In this review, I focus on recent advances regarding our understanding of the structure and function of IDE and the discovery of IDE inhibitors, as well as challenges in developing IDE-based therapy for human diseases, particularly T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Tang
- Ben-May Department for Cancer Research, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Protzek AOP, Rezende LF, Costa-Júnior JM, Ferreira SM, Cappelli APG, de Paula FMM, de Souza JC, Kurauti MA, Carneiro EM, Rafacho A, Boschero AC. Hyperinsulinemia caused by dexamethasone treatment is associated with reduced insulin clearance and lower hepatic activity of insulin-degrading enzyme. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 155:1-8. [PMID: 26386462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glucocorticoid treatment induces insulin resistance (IR), which is counteracted by a compensatory hyperinsulinemia, due to increased pancreatic β-cell function. There is evidence for also reduced hepatic insulin clearance, but whether this correlates with altered activity of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) in the liver, is not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether hyperinsulinemia, in glucocorticoid-treated rodents, is associated with any alteration in the insulin clearance and activity of the IDE in the liver. MATERIALS/METHODS Adult male Swiss mice and Wistar rats were treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone intraperitoneally [1mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] for 5 consecutive days. RESULTS Glucocorticoid treatment induced IR and hyperinsulinemia in both species, but was more impactful in rats that also displayed glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia. Insulin clearance was reduced in glucocorticoid-treated rats and mice, as judged by the reduction of insulin decay rate and increased insulin area-under-the-curve (47% and 87%, respectively). These results were associated with reduced activity (35%) of hepatic IDE in rats and a tendency to reduction (p=0.068) in mice, without alteration in hepatic IDE mRNA content, in both species. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the reduced insulin clearance in glucocorticoid-treated rodents was due to the reduction of hepatic IDE activity, at least in rats, which may contributes to the compensatory hyperinsulinemia. These findings corroborate the idea that short-term and/or partial inhibition of IDE activity in the liver could be beneficial for the glycemic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Otávio Peres Protzek
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Rezende
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Maria Costa-Júnior
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Ferreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gameiro Cappelli
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Flávia Maria Moura de Paula
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jane Cristina de Souza
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mirian Ayumi Kurauti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Effects of ageing and experimental diabetes on insulin-degrading enzyme expression in male rat tissues. Biogerontology 2015; 16:473-84. [PMID: 25792373 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to an increasing life expectancy in developing countries, cases of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the elderly are growing exponentially. Despite a causative link between diabetes and AD, general molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of these disorders are still far from being understood. One of the factors leading to cell death and cognitive impairment characteristic of AD is accumulation in the brain of toxic aggregates of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). In the normally functioning brain Aβ catabolism is regulated by a cohort of proteolytic enzymes including insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and their deficit with ageing can result in Aβ accumulation and increased risk of AD. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of IDE expression in the brain structures involved in AD, as well as in peripheral organs (the liver and kidney) of rats, during natural ageing and after experimentally-induced diabetes. It was found that ageing is accompanied by a significant decrease of IDE mRNA and protein content in the liver (by 32 and 81%) and brain structures (in the cortex by 58 and 47% and in the striatum by 53 and 68%, respectively). In diabetic animals, IDE protein level was increased in the liver (by 36%) and in the striatum (by 42%) while in the brain cortex and hippocampus it was 20-30% lower than in control animals. No significant IDE protein changes were observed in the kidney of diabetic rats. These data testify that ageing and diabetes are accompanied by a deficit of IDE in the brain structures where accumulation of Aβ was reported in AD patients, which might be one of the factors predisposing to development of the sporadic form of AD in the elderly, and especially in diabetics.
Collapse
|
49
|
Alwahsh SM, Xu M, Schultze FC, Wilting J, Mihm S, Raddatz D, Ramadori G. Combination of alcohol and fructose exacerbates metabolic imbalance in terms of hepatic damage, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104220. [PMID: 25101998 PMCID: PMC4125190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although both alcohol and fructose are particularly steatogenic, their long-term effect in the development of a metabolic syndrome has not been studied in vivo. Consumption of fructose generally leads to obesity, whereas ethanol can induce liver damage in the absence of overweight. Here, Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum for 28 days on five diets: chow (control), liquid Lieber-DeCarli (LDC) diet, LDC +30%J of ethanol (L-Et) or fructose (L-Fr), and LDC combined with 30%J ethanol and 30%J fructose (L-EF). Body weight (BW) and liver weight (LW) were measured. Blood and liver samples were harvested and subjected to biochemical tests, histopathological examinations, and RT-PCR. Alcohol-containing diets substantially reduced the food intake and BW (≤3rd week), whereas fructose-fed animals had higher LW than controls (P<0.05). Additionally, leukocytes, plasma AST and leptin levels were the highest in the fructose-administered rats. Compared to the chow and LDC diets, the L-EF diet significantly elevated blood glucose, insulin, and total-cholesterol levels (also vs. the L-Et group). The albumin and Quick-test levels were the lowest, whereas ALT activity was the highest in the L-EF group. Moreover, the L-EF diet aggravated plasma triglyceride and reduced HDL-cholesterol levels more than 2.7-fold compared to the sum of the effects of the L-Et and L-Fr diets. The decreased hepatic insulin clearance in the L-EF group vs. control and LDC groups was reflected by a significantly decreased C-peptide:insulin ratio. All diets except the control caused hepatosteatosis, as evidenced by Nile red and H&E staining. Hepatic transcription of insulin receptor substrate-1/2 was mainly suppressed by the L-Fr and L-EF diets. The L-EF diet did not enhance the mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids (Cpt1α and Ppar-α expressions) compared to the L-Et or L-Fr diet. Together, our data provide evidence for the coaction of ethanol and fructose with a high-fat-diet on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance-accompanied liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salamah Mohammad Alwahsh
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Min Xu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frank Christian Schultze
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Mihm
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Raddatz
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Giuliano Ramadori
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|