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Brauge T, Bellay M, Midelet G, Soumet C. Viability Detection of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens in Food Environment by PMA-qPCR and by Microscopy Observation. Methods Mol Biol 2025; 2852:33-46. [PMID: 39235735 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4100-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are responsible for foodborne diseases and food poisoning and thus pose a great threat to food safety. These microorganisms can adhere to surface and form a biofilm composed of an extracellular matrix. This matrix protects bacterial cells from industrial environmental stress factors such as cleaning and disinfection operations. Moreover, during these environmental stresses, many bacterial species can be entered in a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. VBNC cells are characterized by an active metabolism and a loss of cultivability on conventional bacteriological agar. This leads to an underestimation of total viable cells in environmental samples and thus may pose a risk for public health. In this chapter, we present a method to detect viable population of foodborne pathogens in industrial environmental samples using a molecular method combining propidium monoazide (PMA) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) and a fluorescence microscopic method associated with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight™ viability stain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Brauge
- Laboratory for food safety, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Boulogne sur Mer, France
| | - Maylis Bellay
- Laboratory for food safety, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Boulogne sur Mer, France
| | - Graziella Midelet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Laboratory for food safety, Boulogne sur Mer, France
| | - Christophe Soumet
- Antibiotics, Biocides, Residues and Resistance (AB2R) Unit, Fougères Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères, France.
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2
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Hentati D, Ramadan AR, Abed RMM, Abotalib N, El Nayal AM, Ismail W. Functional and structural responses of a halophilic consortium to oily sludge during biodegradation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:116. [PMID: 38229295 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Biotreatment of oily sludge and the involved microbial communities, particularly in saline environments, have been rarely investigated. We enriched a halophilic bacterial consortium (OS-100) from petroleum refining oily sludge, which degraded almost 86% of the aliphatic hydrocarbon (C10-C30) fraction of the oily sludge within 7 days in the presence of 100 g/L NaCl. Two halophilic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria related to the genera Chromohalobacter and Halomonas were isolated from the OS-100 consortium. Hydrocarbon degradation by the OS-100 consortium was relatively higher compared to the isolated bacteria, indicating potential synergistic interactions among the OS-100 community members. Exclusion of FeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, trace elements, and vitamins from the culture medium did not significantly affect the hydrocarbon degradation efficiency of the OS-100 consortium. To the contrary, hydrocarbon biodegradation dropped from 94.1 to 54.4% and 5% when the OS-100 consortium was deprived from phosphate and nitrogen sources in the culture medium, respectively. Quantitative PCR revealed that alkB gene expression increased up to the 3rd day of incubation with 11.277-fold, consistent with the observed increments in hydrocarbon degradation. Illumina-MiSeq sequencing of 16 S rRNA gene fragments revealed that the OS-100 consortium was mainly composed of the genera Halomonas, Idiomarina, Alcanivorax and Chromohalobacter. This community structure changed depending on the culturing conditions. However, remarkable changes in the community structure were not always associated with remarkable shifts in the hydrocarbonoclastic activity and vice versa. The results show that probably synergistic interactions between community members and different subpopulations of the OS-100 consortium contributed to salinity tolerance and hydrocarbon degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorra Hentati
- Environmental Biotechnology Program, Life Sciences Department, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ahmed R Ramadan
- Health Biotechnology Program, Life Sciences Department, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Raeid M M Abed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nasser Abotalib
- Environmental Biotechnology Program, Life Sciences Department, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ashraf M El Nayal
- Environmental Biotechnology Program, Life Sciences Department, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Wael Ismail
- Environmental Biotechnology Program, Life Sciences Department, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
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He S, Bekhof ASMW, Popova EZ, van Merkerk R, Quax WJ. Improved taxadiene production by optimizing DXS expression and fusing short-chain prenyltransferases. N Biotechnol 2024; 83:66-73. [PMID: 38960021 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
This study highlights the significance of overexpressing 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) from the MEP (methylerythritol 4-phosphate) pathway, in addition to short-chain prenyltransferase fusions for the improved production of the diterpene, taxa-4,11-diene, the first committed intermediate in the production of anti-cancer drug paclitaxel. The results showed that the strain which has (i) the taxadiene synthase (txs) gene integrated into the genome, (ii) the MEP pathway genes overexpressed, (iii) the fpps-crtE prenyltransferases fusion protein and (iv) additional expression of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), yielded the highest production of taxa-4,11-diene at 390 mg/L (26 mg/L/OD600). This represents a thirteen-fold increase compared to the highest reported concentration in B. subtilis. The focus on additional overexpression of DXS and utilizing short-chain prenyltransferase fusions underscores their pivotal role in achieving significant titer improvements in terpene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi He
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Sophie M W Bekhof
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eli Z Popova
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Merkerk
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim J Quax
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Holcomb DA, Christensen A, Hoffman K, Lee A, Blackwood AD, Clerkin T, Gallard-Góngora J, Harris A, Kotlarz N, Mitasova H, Reckling S, de Los Reyes FL, Stewart JR, Guidry VT, Noble RT, Serre ML, Garcia TP, Engel LS. Estimating rates of change to interpret quantitative wastewater surveillance of disease trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175687. [PMID: 39173773 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wastewater monitoring data can be used to estimate disease trends to inform public health responses. One commonly estimated metric is the rate of change in pathogen quantity, which typically correlates with clinical surveillance in retrospective analyses. However, the accuracy of rate of change estimation approaches has not previously been evaluated. OBJECTIVES We assessed the performance of approaches for estimating rates of change in wastewater pathogen loads by generating synthetic wastewater time series data for which rates of change were known. Each approach was also evaluated on real-world data. METHODS Smooth trends and their first derivatives were jointly sampled from Gaussian processes (GP) and independent errors were added to generate synthetic viral load measurements; the range hyperparameter and error variance were varied to produce nine simulation scenarios representing different potential disease patterns. The directions and magnitudes of the rate of change estimates from four estimation approaches (two established and two developed in this work) were compared to the GP first derivative to evaluate classification and quantitative accuracy. Each approach was also implemented for public SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring data collected January 2021-May 2023 at 25 sites in North Carolina, USA. RESULTS All four approaches inconsistently identified the correct direction of the trend given by the sign of the GP first derivative. Across all nine simulated disease patterns, between a quarter and a half of all estimates indicated the wrong trend direction, regardless of estimation approach. The proportion of trends classified as plateaus (statistically indistinguishable from zero) for the North Carolina SARS-CoV-2 data varied considerably by estimation method but not by site. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that wastewater measurements alone might not provide sufficient data to reliably track disease trends in real-time. Instead, wastewater viral loads could be combined with additional public health surveillance data to improve predictions of other outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Holcomb
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ariel Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kelly Hoffman
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Allison Lee
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Denene Blackwood
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Clerkin
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, USA
| | - Javier Gallard-Góngora
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, USA
| | - Angela Harris
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Nadine Kotlarz
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Helena Mitasova
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Stacie Reckling
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA; Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Francis L de Los Reyes
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jill R Stewart
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Virginia T Guidry
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Public Health, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Rachel T Noble
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute of Marine Sciences, Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, USA
| | - Marc L Serre
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tanya P Garcia
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Denpetkul T, Pumkaew M, Sittipunsakda O, Srathongneam T, Mongkolsuk S, Sirikanchana K. Risk-based critical concentrations of enteric pathogens for recreational water criteria and recommended minimum sample volumes for routine water monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175234. [PMID: 39102962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Concerns are rising about the contamination of recreational waters from human and animal waste, along with associated risks to public health. However, existing guidelines for managing pathogens in these environments have not yet fully integrated risk-based pathogen-specific criteria, which, along with recent advancements in indicators and markers, are essential to improve the protection of public health. This study aimed to establish risk-based critical concentration benchmarks for significant enteric pathogens, i.e., norovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia lamblia, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Applying a 0.036 risk benchmark to both marine and freshwater environments, the study identified the lowest critical concentrations for children, who are the most susceptible group. Norovirus, C. jejuni, and Cryptosporidium presented lowest median critical concentrations for virus, bacteria, and protozoa, respectively: 0.74 GC, 1.73 CFU, and 0.39 viable oocysts per 100 mL in freshwater for children. These values were then used to determine minimum sample volumes corresponding to different recovery rates for culture method, digital polymerase chain reaction and quantitative PCR methods. The results indicate that for children, norovirus required the largest sample volumes of freshwater and marine water (52.08 to 178.57 L, based on the 5th percentile with a 10 % recovery rate), reflecting its low critical concentration and high potential for causing illness. In contrast, adenovirus and rotavirus required significantly smaller volumes (approximately 0.24 to 1.33 L). C. jejuni and Cryptosporidium, which required the highest sampling volumes for bacteria and protozoa, needed 1.72 to 11.09 L and 4.17 to 25.51 L, respectively. Additionally, the presented risk-based framework could provide a model for establishing pathogen thresholds, potentially guiding the creation of extensive risk-based criteria for various pathogens in recreational waters, thus aiding public health authorities in decision-making, strengthening pathogen monitoring, and improving water quality testing accuracy for enhanced health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thammanitchpol Denpetkul
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Monchai Pumkaew
- Environmental Engineering and Disaster Management Program, School of Multidisciplinary, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Kanchanaburi 71150, Thailand
| | - Oranoot Sittipunsakda
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thitima Srathongneam
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kwanrawee Sirikanchana
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Bosco L, Yañez O, Schauer A, Maurer C, Cushman SA, Arlettaz R, Jacot A, Seuberlich T, Neumann P, Schläppi D. Landscape structure affects temporal dynamics in the bumble bee virome: Landscape heterogeneity supports colony resilience. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174280. [PMID: 38942311 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Virus spillovers from managed honey bees, Apis mellifera, are thought to contribute to the decline of wild pollinators, including bumble bees. However, data on the impact of such viruses on wild pollinators remain scarce, and the influence of landscape structure on virus dynamics is poorly understood. In this study, we deployed bumble bee colonies in an agricultural landscape and studied changes in the bumble bee virome during field placement under varying habitat composition and configuration using a multiscale analytical framework. We estimated prevalence of viruses and viral loads (i.e. number of viral genomic equivalent copies) in bumble bees before and after placing them in the field using next generation sequencing and quantitative PCR. The results show that viral loads and number of different viruses present increased during placement in the field and that the virus composition of the colonies shifted from an initial dominance of honey bee associated viruses to a higher number (in both viral loads and number of viruses present) of bumble bee associated viruses. Especially DWV-B, typical for honey bees, drastically decreased after the time in the field. Viral loads prior to placing colonies in the field showed no effect on colony development, suggesting low impacts of these viruses in field settings. Notably, we further demonstrate that increased habitat diversity results in a lower number of different viruses present in Bombus colonies, while colonies in areas with well-connected farmland patches decreased in their total viral load after field placement. Our results emphasize the importance of landscape heterogeneity and connectivity for wild pollinator health and that these influences predominate at fine spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bosco
- LUOMUS - Finnish Museum of Natural History, PL 17 - P.O. Box 17, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Orlando Yañez
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Alexandria Schauer
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Corina Maurer
- Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland; Ecosystems Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Samuel A Cushman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Arlettaz
- Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Alain Jacot
- Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Ornithological Institute, Regional Office Valais, 1950 Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Torsten Seuberlich
- Division of Neurological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Neumann
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Schläppi
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, 3003 Bern, Switzerland; School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Science Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, BS8 1TQ Bristol, United Kingdom.
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Korajkic A, McMinn BR, Pemberton AC, Kelleher J, Ahmed W. The comparison of decay rates of infectious SARS-CoV-2 and viral RNA in environmental waters and wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174379. [PMID: 38955270 PMCID: PMC11290430 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the decay characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in wastewater and ambient waters is important for multiple applications including assessment of risk of exposure associated with handling wastewater samples, public health risk associated with recreation in wastewater polluted ambient waters and better understanding and interpretation of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) results. We evaluated the decay rates of infectious SARS-CoV-2 and viral RNA in wastewater and ambient waters under temperature regimes representative of seasonal fluctuations. Infectious virus was seeded in autoclaved primary wastewater effluent, final dechlorinated wastewater effluent, lake water, and marine water at a final concentration of 6.26 ± 0.07 log10 plaque forming units per milliliter. Each suspension was incubated at either 4°, 25°, and 37 °C. Samples were initially collected on an hourly basis, then approximately every other day for 15 days. All samples were analyzed for infectious virus via a plaque assay using the Vero E6 cell line, and viral gene copy levels were quantified with the US CDC's N1 and N2 reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays. The infectious virus decayed significantly faster (p ≤ 0.0214) compared to viral RNA, which persisted for the duration of the study irrespective of the incubation conditions. The initial loss (within 15 min of seeding) as well as decay of infectious SARS-CoV-2 was significantly faster (p ≤ 0.0387) in primary treated wastewater compared to other water types, but viral RNA did not degrade appreciably in this matrix until day 15. Overall, temperature was the most important driver of decay, and after 24 h, no infectious SARS-CoV-2 was detected at 37 °C in any water type. Moreover, the CDC N2 gene assay target decayed significantly (p ≤ 0.0174) faster at elevated temperatures compared to CDC N1, which has important implications for RT-qPCR assay selection for WBE approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asja Korajkic
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States.
| | - Brian R McMinn
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States
| | - Adin C Pemberton
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States
| | - Julie Kelleher
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States
| | - Warish Ahmed
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia
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Torres-Santos PT, Evaristo AMDCF, Santos JR, Collere FCM, Vieira TSWJ, Pereira LCM, Nicola PA, Vieira RFDC, Horta MC. Hemoplasmas in wild rodents and marsupials from the Caatinga Biome, Brazil. Acta Trop 2024; 258:107334. [PMID: 39127138 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
A total of 231 blood samples from wild mammals belonging to the orders Rodentia (n = 142) and Didelphimorphia (n = 89) were screened by real-time PCR assay (qPCR), being six Rhipidomys sp., 118 Thrichomys laurentius, nine Rattus rattus, four Kerodon rupestris, five Necromys lasiurus, 42 Didelphis albiventris and 47 Monodelphis domestica. Results using qPCR showed that 32 of the total 231 (13.85 %) samples were positive for hemoplasma sequences of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequences from two D. albiventris showed 99.77-99.89 % identity with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemoalbiventris' and 99.09 % with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemodidelphidis', respectively. Furthermore, one M. domestica and five T. laurentius showed 99.72-99.77 % identity with Mycoplasma sp., and one K. rupestris showed 98.13 % identity with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematohydrochaerus'; and from two Rattus rattus showed 99.65-99.89 % identity with Mycoplasma sp. and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomuris'. The 23S rRNA gene sequences obtained from the two D. albiventris showed 100 % identity with 'Ca. M. haemoalbiventris' whereas the sequences from the R. rattus showed only 85.31 % identity with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematohydrochaerus'. Two T. laurentius and one K. rupestris showed 84.66-92.97 % identity with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosphiggurus'. Based on phylogenetic and Neighbor-Net network analyses of the 16S and 23S rRNA genes, potential novel species are described. In addition, 'Ca. M. haemoalbiventris' was detected in Didelphis albiventris, and Mycoplasma sp. was detected in Rattus sp. rodents from the Caatinga biome, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Talita Torres-Santos
- Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil; Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences in the Semiarid Region, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Anna Maria da Cruz Ferreira Evaristo
- Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil; Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences in the Semiarid Region, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thállitha Samih Wischral Jayme Vieira
- Center for Computational Intelligence to Predict Health and Environmental Risks (CIPHER), The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, USA
| | - Luiz Cezar Machado Pereira
- Center Fauna Management, Cema-Fauna, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Patricia Avello Nicola
- Center Fauna Management, Cema-Fauna, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rafael Felipe da Costa Vieira
- Center for Computational Intelligence to Predict Health and Environmental Risks (CIPHER), The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, USA
| | - Mauricio Claudio Horta
- Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil; Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences in the Semiarid Region, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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9
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Margarita V, Pau MC, Carboni G, Mannu F, Turrini F, Rappelli P, Pantaleo A, Dessì D, Zinellu E, Piras B, Fois AG, Rubino S, Pirina P, Fiori PL. Comparison of microbiological and molecular diagnosis for identification of respiratory secondary infections in COVID-19 patients and their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116479. [PMID: 39116653 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
We report the use of a new multiplex Real-Time PCR platform to simultaneously identify 24 pathogens and 3 antimicrobial-resistance genes directly from respiratory samples of COVID-19 patients. Results were compared to culture-based diagnosis. Secondary infections were detected in 60% of COVID-19 patients by molecular analysis and 73% by microbiological assays, with no significant differences in accuracy, indicating Gram-negative bacteria as the predominant species. Among fungal superinfections, Aspergillus spp. were detected by both methods in more than 7% of COVID-19 patients. Oxacillin-resistant S. aureus and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae were highlighted by both methods. Secondary microbial infections in SARS-CoV-2 patients are associated with poor outcomes and an increased risk of death. Since PCR-based tests significantly reduce the turnaround time to 4 hours and 30 minutes (compared to 48 hours for microbial culture), we strongly support the routine use of molecular techniques, in conjunction with microbiological analysis, to identify co/secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Margarita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Carmina Pau
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Gavino Carboni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Rappelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniele Dessì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Piras
- Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro G Fois
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rubino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pietro Pirina
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Fiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Università (AOU), Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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10
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Biabani N, Taherpour K, Ghasemi HA, Akbari Gharaei M, Hafizi M, Nazaran MH. Dietary advanced chelate technology-based 7-mineral supplement improves growth performance and intestinal health indicators during a mixed Eimeria challenge in broiler chickens. Vet Parasitol 2024; 331:110277. [PMID: 39094330 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The health and productivity of broilers may be improved by optimizing the availability and levels of trace minerals (TM) in their feed, especially in the presence of parasites. This study investigated the effects of replacing inorganic TM (ITM) with an advanced chelate technology-based 7 TM (ACTM) on performance, hematology, lesion score, oocyst shedding, gut morphology, and tight junction structure in broilers challenged with mixed Eimeria species. There were 480 1-day-old broiler chickens divided into 5 groups: uninfected negative control and recommended levels of ITM (NC); infected positive control and recommended levels of ITM (PC); or PC supplemented with salinomycin (SAL); PC diet with 50 % ACTM instead of ITM (ACTM50); or PC diet with 100 % ACTM instead of ITM (ACTM100). All groups, except NC, were orally challenged with mixed Eimeria spp. oocysts on day 14. Each group had 6 replicate cages, with 16 birds per replicate. The results showed that the NC, SAL, and ACTM100 groups had higher (P < 0.05) body weight, average daily gain (ADG), and European production efficiency index (EPEI), as well as a lower (P < 0.05) feed conversion, mortality rate, and heterophile to lymphocyte ratio compared to the PC group, with the NC group having the highest ADG and EPEI throughout the experiment. The SAL and ACTM100 groups had lower (P < 0.05) intestinal lesion scores and oocyst numbers compared to the PC group, although all coccidiosis-challenged groups had higher oocyst shedding compared to the NC group. On day 24, the challenged birds in the SAL and ACTM100 groups had higher (P < 0.05) villus height and surface area in the duodenum and ileum, as well as a higher (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum. The expression levels of jejunal CLDN1 and ZO-1 were also higher (P < 0.05) in the ACTM100 and SAL groups compared to the PC and ACTM50 groups at 24 days of age. In conclusion, while using ACTM in broiler diets at 50 % of the commercial recommended levels maintained performance and physiological responses, complete replacement with ACTM improved growth performance and intestinal health characteristics, similar to salinomycin under Eimeria challenge conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Biabani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Kamran Taherpour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Hossein Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | | | - Maryam Hafizi
- Department of Research and Development, Sodour Ahrar Shargh Company, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Richtmann S, Marwitz S, Muley T, Koistinen H, Christopoulos P, Thomas M, Kazdal D, Allgäuer M, Winter H, Goldmann T, Meister M, Klingmüller U, Schneider MA. The pregnancy-associated protein glycodelin as a potential sex-specific target for resistance to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Res 2024; 272:177-189. [PMID: 38490536 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer has been shown to be targetable by novel immunotherapies which reactivate the immune system and enable tumor cell killing. However, treatment failure and resistance to these therapies is common. Consideration of sex as a factor influencing therapy resistance is still rare. We hypothesize that the success of the treatment is impaired by the presence of the immunosuppressive pregnancy-associated glycoprotein glycodelin that is expressed in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We demonstrate that the glycan pattern of NSCLC-derived glycodelin detected by a lectin-based enrichment assay highly resembles amniotic fluid-derived glycodelin A, which is known to have immunosuppressive properties. NSCLC-derived glycodelin interacts with immune cells in vitro and regulates the expression of genes associated with inflammatory and tumor microenvironment pathways. In tumor microarray samples of patients, high glycodelin staining in tumor areas results in an impaired overall survival of female patients. Moreover, glycodelin colocalizes to tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells and pro-tumorigenic M2 macrophages. High serum concentrations of glycodelin prior to immunotherapy are associated with a poor progression-free survival (p < 0.001) of female patients receiving PD-(L)1 inhibitors. In summary, our findings suggest that glycodelin not only is a promising immunological biomarker for early identification of female patients that do not benefit from the costly immunotherapy, but also represents a promising immunotherapeutic target in NSCLC to improve therapeutic options in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Richtmann
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Marwitz
- Histology, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany; Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Petros Christopoulos
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Thomas
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kazdal
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Allgäuer
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hauke Winter
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Surgery, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Histology, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany; Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Michael Meister
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc A Schneider
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
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12
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Jorquera MA, Acuña JJ, Huerta N, Bai J, Zhang L, Xiao R, Sadowsky MJ. Multiple antibiotic resistance and herbicide catabolic profiles of bacteria isolated from Lake Villarrica surface sediments (Chile). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124538. [PMID: 39002747 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics and herbicides are contaminants of emerging concern in aquatic environments. Lake Villarrica is a relevant freshwater body in Chile and was recently designated a 'saturated nutrient zone'. Here, we investigated the occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) and herbicide catabolic profiles among bacteria present in the surface sediments of Lake Villarrica. The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs; blaTEM, catA and tetM) and herbicide-catabolic genes (HCGs; phnJ and atzA) was investigated by qPCR. Subsequently, the presence of culturable bacteria with multiple resistance to amoxicillin (AMX), chloramphenicol (CHL) and oxytetracycline (OXT) was studied. Forty-six culturable MAR (AMX + CHL + OXT) strains were isolated and characterized with respect to their resistance to 11 antibiotics by using a disc diffusion assay and testing their ability to use herbicides as a nutrient source. qPCR analyses revealed that ARGs and HCGs were present in all sediment samples (101 to 103 gene copies g-1), with significant (P ≤ 0.05) higher values in sites near Villarrica city and cattle pastures. The plate method was used to recover MAR isolates from sediment (103-106 CFU g-1), and most of the 46 isolates also showed resistance to oxacillin (100%), cefotaxime (83%), erythromycin (96%) and vancomycin (93%). Additionally, 54 and 57% of the MAR isolates were able to grow on agar supplemented (50 mg L-1) with atrazine and glyphosate as nutrient sources, respectively. Most of the MAR isolates were taxonomically close to Pseudomonas (76.1%) and Pantoea (17.4%), particularly those isolated from urbanized sites (Pucón city). This study shows the presence of MAR bacteria with herbicide catabolic activity in sediments, which is valuable for conservation strategies and risk assessments of Lake Villarrica. However, major integrative studies on sediments as reservoirs or on the fate of MAR strains and traces of antibiotics and herbicides as a result of anthropic pressure are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milko A Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar, 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Jacquelinne J Acuña
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar, 01145, Temuco, Chile; Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation (MI-CGR), Valenzuela Puelma 10207, La Reina, 7800003, Chile
| | - Nicole Huerta
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Junhong Bai
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19, Xinjiekouwaida Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19, Xinjiekouwaida Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- College of Environment & Safety Engineering, FuZhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Michael J Sadowsky
- College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
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Mercati F, Guelfi G, Martì MJI, Dall'Aglio C, Calleja L, Caivano D, Marenzoni ML, Capaccia C, Anipchenko P, Palermo FA, Cocci P, Rende M, Zerani M, Maranesi M. Seasonal variation of NGF in seminal plasma and expression of NGF and its cognate receptors NTRK1 and p75NTR in the sex organs of rams. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 89:106877. [PMID: 39068905 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) has long been known as the main ovulation-inducing factor in induced ovulation species, however, recent studies suggested the NGF role also in those with spontaneous ovulation. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and gene expression of NGF and its cognate receptors, high-affinity neurotrophic tyrosine kinase 1 receptor (NTRK1) and low-affinity p75 nerve growth factor receptor (p75NTR), in the ram genital tract. Moreover, the annual trend of NGF seminal plasma values was investigated to evaluate the possible relationship between the NGF production variations and the ram reproductive seasonality. The presence and expression of the NGF/receptors system was evaluated in the testis, epididymis, vas deferens ampullae, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands through immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR (qPCR), respectively. Genital tract samples were collected from 5 adult rams, regularly slaughtered at a local abattoir. Semen was collected during the whole year weekly, from 5 different adult rams, reared in a breeding facility, with an artificial vagina. NGF seminal plasma values were assessed through the ELISA method. NGF, NTRK1 and p75NTR immunoreactivity was detected in all male organs examined. NGF-positive immunostaining was observed in the spermatozoa of the germinal epithelium, in the epididymis and the cells of the secretory epithelium of annexed glands, NTRK1 receptor showed a localization pattern like that of NGF, whereas p75NTR immunopositivity was localized in the nerve fibers and ganglia. NGF gene transcript was highest (p < 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (p < 0.01) in the testis than in the other tissues. NTRK1 gene transcript was highest (p < 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (p < 0.05) in all the other tissues examined. Gene expression of p75NTR was highest (p < 0.01) in the seminal vesicles and lowest (p < 0.01) in the testis and bulbourethral glands. NGF seminal plasma concentration was greater from January to May (p < 0.01) than in the other months. This study highlighted that the NGF system was expressed in the tissues of all the different genital tracts examined, confirming the role of NGF in ram reproduction. Sheep are short-day breeders, with an anestrus that corresponds to the highest seminal plasma NGF levels, thus suggesting the intriguing idea that this factor could participate in an inhibitory mechanism of male reproductive activity, activated during the female anestrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mercati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Gabriella Guelfi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Dall'Aglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Lucía Calleja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Domenico Caivano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Marenzoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Camilla Capaccia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Polina Anipchenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandro Palermo
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, Camerino, MC I-62032, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocci
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, Camerino, MC I-62032, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Massimo Zerani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Margherita Maranesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy
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14
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Szopa A, Bogatko K, Serefko A, Herbet M, Ostrowska-Leśko M, Wróbel A, Radziwoń-Zaleska M, Dudka J, Wlaź P, Poleszak E. Antidepressant effects of selective adenosine receptor antagonists targeting the A1 and A2A receptors administered jointly with NMDA receptor ligands: behavioral, biochemical and molecular investigations in mice. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:1012-1031. [PMID: 39048810 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to ascertain the antidepressant potential of the co-administration of NMDA receptor ligands and selective adenosine A1 and A2A receptor antagonists. METHODS The forced swim test (FST) and spontaneous locomotor activity test were carried out in adult male naïve mice. Before the behavioral testing, animals received DPCPX (a selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg) or istradefylline (a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, 0.5 mg/kg) in combination with L-701,324 (a potent NMDA receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), D-cycloserine (a partial agonist at the glycine recognition site of NMDA receptor, 2.5 mg/kg), CGP 37849 (a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, 0.3 mg/kg) or MK-801 (a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, 0.05 mg/kg). Additionally, serum BDNF level and the mRNA level of the Adora1, Comt, and Slc6a15 genes in the murine prefrontal cortex were determined. RESULTS The obtained results showed that DPCPX and istradefylline administered jointly with NMDA receptor ligands (except for DPCPX + D-cycloserine combination) produced an antidepressant effect in the FST in mice without enhancement in spontaneous motility of animals. An elevation in BDNF concentration was noted in the D-cycloserine-treated group. Adora1 expression increased with L-701,324, DPCPX + D-cycloserine, and DPCPX + CGP 37849, while D-cycloserine, CGP 37849, and MK-801 led to a decrease. Comt mRNA levels dropped with DPCPX + L-701,324, istradefylline + L-701,324/CGP 37849 but increased with D-cycloserine, MK-801, CGP 37849 and DPCPX + MK-801/ CGP 37849. Slc6a15 levels were reduced by D-cycloserine, DPCPX + L-701,324 but rose with DPCPX + CGP 37849/MK-801 and istradefylline + D-cycloserine/MK-801/CGP 37849. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that selective antagonists of adenosine receptors may enhance the antidepressant efficacy of NMDA receptor ligands highlighting a potential synergistic interaction between the adenosinergic and glutamatergic systems. Wherein, A2A receptor antagonists are seen as more promising candidates in this context. Given the intricate nature of changes in BDNF levels and the expression of Adora1, Comt, and Slc6a15 seen after drug combinations exerting antidepressant properties, further research and integrative approaches are crucial understand better the mechanisms underlying their antidepressant action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szopa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland
| | - Karolina Bogatko
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland.
| | - Anna Serefko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland
| | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 8, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland
| | - Marta Ostrowska-Leśko
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 8, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, Lublin, PL, 20-090, Poland
| | - Maria Radziwoń-Zaleska
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowowiejska 27, Warszawa, PL, 00-665, Poland
| | - Jarosław Dudka
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 8, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland
| | - Piotr Wlaź
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin, PL, 20-033, Poland
| | - Ewa Poleszak
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, Lublin, PL, 20-093, Poland
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Xiang Y, Liu S, Wan S, Chen Q, Song Y, Feng G, Zhang X, Bai L, Zhu Y. Interleukin-1 increases SERPINE1 expression in human granulosa-lutein cell via P50/P52 signaling pathways. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 591:112274. [PMID: 38777211 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
It has been reported that immune factors are associated with the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a member of the interleukin family that widely participates in the regulation of the inflammatory response in the immune system. In addition, it has been reported that aberrant IL-1 accumulation in serum is associated with the occurrence of PCOS. However, little is known about how IL-1 participates in the pathogenesis of PCOS. In the present study, we demonstrated that the immune microenvironment was altered in follicular fluid from PCOS patients and that the expression levels of two IL-1 cytokines, IL-1α and IL-1β were increased. Transcriptome analysis revealed that IL-1α and IL-1β treatment induced primary human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cell inflammatory response and increased the expression of serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1). Mechanistically, we demonstrated that IL-1α and IL-1β upregulated SERPINE1 expression through IL-1R1-mediated activation of downstream P50 and P52 signaling pathways in human granulosa cells. Our study highlighted the role of immune state changes in the occurrence of PCOS and provided new insight into the treatment of patients with IL-1-induced ovarian function disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China
| | - Shuangying Liu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China
| | - Shan Wan
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China
| | - Guofang Feng
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130015, China
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China.
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Maternal and Infant Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310002, China.
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Fan Y, Pavani KC, Bogado Pascottini O, Smits K, Van Soom A, Peelman L. Selection and application of small non-coding RNAs for normalizing RT-qPCR data of bovine preimplantation embryo conditioned medium. Theriogenology 2024; 226:87-94. [PMID: 38870583 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) present in the conditioned medium (CM) of bovine preimplantation embryos are potential noninvasive biomarkers for assessing embryo quality. Accurate quantification of sncRNA levels in the spent CM is of utmost importance in this regard. RT-qPCR is considered as the gold standard for quantifying RNA. In order to standardize RT-qPCR data in the sample type under investigation, the use of suitable stable sncRNAs is essential. Here, we selected 10 sncRNAs from small RNA sequencing of CM samples derived from both bovine blastocysts and degenerate embryos, and evaluated their expression stability together with that of cel-miR-39 as a spike and the often-used U6 small nuclear RNA at different embryo developmental stages. In CM of 2-cell embryos, rsRNA-1044 showed the most stable expression, while tDR-1:32-Gly-CCC-1 was the most stable expressed sncRNA in CM of the stages beyond the 2-cell stage. Next, tDR-1:32-Gly-CCC-1 was used for normalizing the RT-qPCR data from the CM of blastocysts and degenerate embryos. Bta-miR-155 and tDR-39:75-Arg-CCG-2 were found to be significantly up-regulated in the CM of blastocysts compared to that of the degenerated embryos (P = 0.028 and P = 0.017, respectively), suggesting their expression levels are related to embryo development stage. In conclusion, tDR-1:32-Gly-CCC-1 can serve as a suitable reference sncRNA for normalization of RT-qPCR data of the CM from bovine blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fan
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Krishna Chaitanya Pavani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium; Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Katrien Smits
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Peelman
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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17
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Hamilton AN, Maes F, Reyes GYC, Almeida G, Li D, Uyttendaele M, Gibson KE. Machine Learning and Imputation to Characterize Human Norovirus Genotype Susceptibility to Sodium Hypochlorite. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2024:10.1007/s12560-024-09613-3. [PMID: 39259473 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-024-09613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the developed world and a major contributor to gastroenteritis globally. Its low infectious dose and environmental persistence necessitate effective disinfection protocols. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) bleach is a widely used disinfectant for controlling HuNoV transmission via contaminated fomites. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of HuNoV genotypes (n = 11) from genogroups I, II, and IV to NaOCl in suspension. HuNoV was incubated for 1 and 5 min in diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) treated water containing 50 ppm, 100 ppm, or 150 ppm NaOCl, buffered to maintain a pH between 7.0 and 7.5. Neutralization was achieved by a tenfold dilution into 100% fetal bovine serum. RNase pre-treatment followed by RT-qPCR was used to distinguish between infectious and non-infectious HuNoV. Statistical methods, including imputation, machine learning, and generalized linear models, were applied to process and analyze the data. Results showed that NaOCl reduced viral loads across all genotypes, though efficacy varied. Genotypes GI.1, GII.4 New Orleans, and GII.4 Sydney were the least susceptible, while GII.6 and GII.13 were the most susceptible. All NaOCl concentrations above 0 ppm were statistically indistinguishable, and exposure duration did not significantly affect HuNoV reduction, suggesting rapid inactivation at effective concentrations. For instance, some genotypes were completely inactivated within 1 min, rendering extended exposure unnecessary, while other genotypes maintained the initial concentration at both 1 and 5 min, indicating a need for longer contact times. These findings underscore the critical role of HuNoV genotype selection in testing disinfection protocols and optimizing NaOCl concentrations. Understanding HuNoV susceptibility to NaOCl bleach informs better disinfection strategies, aiding public health and food safety authorities in reducing HuNoV transmission and outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson N Hamilton
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Flor Maes
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
- Food Microbiology and Food Preservation Research Unit, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- BESTMIX® Software, Vlaanderen, Maldegem, Belgium
| | - Génesis Yosbeth Chávez Reyes
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
- Steuben Foods Inc., Bozeman, Montana, United States
| | - Giselle Almeida
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
- Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Mieke Uyttendaele
- Food Microbiology and Food Preservation Research Unit, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristen E Gibson
- Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, 1371 West Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA.
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18
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Vidal MR, Lasmar LF, Nadai PCF, Oliveira C, Silva DMZA, Foresti F. Selecting reference genes for RT-qPCR studies involving the presence of B chromosomes in Psalidodon (Characiformes, Characidae). Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:977. [PMID: 39259380 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09911-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B chromosomes are extra non-essential elements present in several eukaryotes. Unlike A chromosomes which are essential and present in all individuals of a species, B chromosomes are not necessary for normal functioning of an organism. Formerly regarded as genetically inactive, B chromosomes have been discovered to not only express their own genes, but also to exert influence on gene expression in A chromosomes. Recent studies have shown that, in some Psalidodon (Characiformes, Characidae) species, B chromosomes might be associated with phenotypic effects, such as changes in the reproductive cycle and gene expression. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we aimed to establish stable reference genes for RT-qPCR experiments conducted on gonads of three fish species within Psalidodon genus, both in the presence and absence of B chromosomes. The stability of five selected reference genes was assessed using NormFinder, geNorm, BestKeeper, and RefFinder algorithms. We determined ppiaa and pgk1 as the most stable genes in P. fasciatus, whereas ppiaa and hmbsa showed the highest stability in P. bockmanni. For P. paranae, tbp and hprt1 were the most stable genes in females, and ppiaa and hprt1 were the most stable in males. CONCLUSIONS We determined the most stable reference genes in gonads of three Psalidodon species considering the presence of B chromosomes. This is the first report of reference gene stability in the genus and provides valuable tools to better understand the effects of B chromosomes at gene expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Rossetto Vidal
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Lucas F Lasmar
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Pamela C F Nadai
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Duilio M Z A Silva
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Laboratory of Biology and Genetics of Fishes, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
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19
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Jusic A, Erpapazoglou Z, Dalgaard LT, Lakkisto P, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Benczik B, Ágg B, Ferdinandy P, Fiedorowicz K, Schroen B, Lazou A, Devaux Y. Guidelines for mitochondrial RNA analysis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102262. [PMID: 39091381 PMCID: PMC11292373 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy-producing organelles of mammalian cells with critical involvement in metabolism and signaling. Studying their regulation in pathological conditions may lead to the discovery of novel drugs to treat, for instance, cardiovascular or neurological diseases, which affect high-energy-consuming cells such as cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, or neurons. Mitochondria possess both protein-coding and noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and piwi-interacting RNAs, encoded by the mitochondria or the nuclear genome. Mitochondrial RNAs are involved in anterograde-retrograde communication between the nucleus and mitochondria and play an important role in physiological and pathological conditions. Despite accumulating evidence on the presence and biogenesis of mitochondrial RNAs, their study continues to pose significant challenges. Currently, there are no standardized protocols and guidelines to conduct deep functional characterization and expression profiling of mitochondrial RNAs. To overcome major obstacles in this emerging field, the EU-CardioRNA and AtheroNET COST Action networks summarize currently available techniques and emphasize critical points that may constitute sources of variability and explain discrepancies between published results. Standardized methods and adherence to guidelines to quantify and study mitochondrial RNAs in normal and disease states will improve research outputs, their reproducibility, and translation potential to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Route De La Corniche 6, SuperLab Suisse - Batiment Serine, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Zoi Erpapazoglou
- Ιnstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Louise Torp Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bettina Benczik
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Ágg
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Blanche Schroen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, ER 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - on behalf of EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Route De La Corniche 6, SuperLab Suisse - Batiment Serine, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Ιnstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672 Athens, Greece
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61614 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, ER 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - AtheroNET COST Action CA21153
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Route De La Corniche 6, SuperLab Suisse - Batiment Serine, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Ιnstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672 Athens, Greece
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61614 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, ER 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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20
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Liu W, Wang Y, Ji T, Wang C, Shi Q, Li C, Wei JW, Gong B. High-nitrogen-induced γ-aminobutyric acid triggers host immunity and pathogen oxidative stress tolerance in tomato and Ralstonia solanacearum interaction. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39253785 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Soil nitrogen (N) significantly influences the interaction between plants and pathogens, yet its impact on host defenses and pathogen strategies via alterations in plant metabolism remains unclear. Through metabolic and genetic studies, this research demonstrates that high-N-input exacerbates tomato bacterial wilt by altering γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism of host plants. Under high-N conditions, the nitrate sensor NIN-like protein 7 (SlNLP7) promotes the glutamate decarboxylase 2/4 (SlGAD2/4) transcription and GABA synthesis by directly binding to the promoters of SlGAD2/4. The tomato plants with enhanced GABA levels showed stronger immune responses but remained susceptible to Ralstonia solanacearum. This led to the discovery that GABA produced by the host actually heightens the pathogen's virulence. We identified the R. solanacearum LysR-type transcriptional regulator OxyR protein, which senses host-derived GABA and, upon interaction, triggers a response involving protein dimerization that enhances the pathogen's oxidative stress tolerance by activating the expression of catalase (katE/katGa). These findings reveal GABA's dual role in activating host immunity and enhancing pathogen tolerance to oxidative stress, highlighting the complex relationship between tomato plants and R. solanacearum, influenced by soil N status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Chengqiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Chuanyou Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jin-Wei Wei
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Biao Gong
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
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21
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Gustafson D, Nieuwland R, Lucien F. MIBLood-EV: An Online Reporting Tool to Facilitate the Standardized Reporting of Preanalytical Variables and Quality Control of Plasma and Serum to Enhance Rigor and Reproducibility in Liquid Biopsy Research. Biopreserv Biobank 2024. [PMID: 39247973 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2024.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-analytical variability significantly impacts the reproducibility of liquid biopsy research, which is critical for precision medicine and biomedical research. This report highlights the challenges and variability in the pre-analytical processes of liquid biopsies, especially regarding extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are crucial for diagnostics in oncology. The MIBlood-EV initiative aims to standardize the reporting of pre-analytical variables and the quality control of plasma and serum samples to enhance reproducibility in EV research. By providing a comprehensive and flexible reporting framework, MIBlood-EV seeks to improve the reliability of EV studies and facilitate the development of evidence-based protocols, ultimately advancing the field of liquid biopsy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabrice Lucien
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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22
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Ferrucho RL, Marín-Ramírez GA, Ochoa-Corona F, Ángel C CA. PCR-Based Detection for the Quarantine Fungus Colletotrichum kahawae, a Biosecurity Threat to the Coffee ( Coffea arabica) Industry Worldwide. PLANT DISEASE 2024:PDIS09231788SR. [PMID: 38616394 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-23-1788-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Coffee berry disease is caused by Colletotrichum kahawae, a quarantine fungus still absent from most coffee-producing countries. Given the potential adverse effects on coffee berry production, it is a severe worldwide threat to farmers and industry. Current biosecurity management focuses on exclusion by applying quarantine measures, including the certification of coffee plants and their products. However, methods for detecting C. kahawae by National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO) laboratories still need approval. This research aims to functionally demonstrate, standardize, and validate a method for detecting and discriminating C. kahawae from other Colletotrichum species that may be present in coffee plant samples. The method proposes to use an end-point PCR marker for the mating type gene (MAT1-2-1) and a confirmatory test with a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) marker developed on the glutamine synthetase gene. The C. kahawae amplicons for the Cen-CkM10 qPCR marker exhibited specific melting temperature values and high-resolution melt profiles that could be readily differentiated from other tested species, including their relatives. Given the fungus's quarantine status, specificity was tested using artificial mixtures of DNA of C. kahawae with other Colletotrichum species and coffee plant DNA. The described method will enable NPPOs in coffee-producing and exporting countries, especially Colombia, to prevent this pathogen's entry, establishment, and spread.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lilia Ferrucho
- Discipline of Plant Pathology, Colombian National Coffee Research Center (Cenicafé) - Colombian Coffee Growers Federation (CCGF), Manizales, Caldas 170009, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Marín-Ramírez
- Discipline of Plant Pathology, Colombian National Coffee Research Center (Cenicafé) - Colombian Coffee Growers Federation (CCGF), Manizales, Caldas 170009, Colombia
| | - Francisco Ochoa-Corona
- Institute for Biosecurity and Microbial Forensics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A
| | - Carlos Ariel Ángel C
- Discipline of Plant Pathology, Colombian National Coffee Research Center (Cenicafé) - Colombian Coffee Growers Federation (CCGF), Manizales, Caldas 170009, Colombia
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23
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Xu MZ, Li YT, Cao CQ. Physiological and gene expression responses of Protohermes xanthodes (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) larvae to imidacloprid. THE SCIENCE OF NATURE - NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN 2024; 111:46. [PMID: 39249498 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-024-01932-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Megaloptera larvae are important bioindicator species and potential resource insects. To further cultivate their economic role, their living environment must be examined in more detail. In this study, we analyzed the physiological and biochemical effects of a sublethal dose of imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, on the larvae of Protohermes xanthodes. After treatment with imidacloprid, P. xanthodes larvae exhibited clear symptoms of poisoning, including the head curling up toward the ventral surface. Additionally, the activity of acetylcholinesterase was significantly inhibited following exposure. The activities of glutathione S-transferases initially continuously increased but showed a slight decrease after 8 days. Catalase activity initially increased and then decreased following imidacloprid treatment; superoxide dismutase activity fluctuated over time, and peroxidase activity continuously increased. The expression levels of HSP70s genes were evaluated using qRT-PCR. These results indicate that P. xanthodes larvae exhibit a toxic response to imidacloprid exposure, manifested as oxidative stress, as observed through behavioral and physiological indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Zhou Xu
- College of Fisher and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Tong Li
- College of Fisher and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng-Quan Cao
- College of Fisher and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
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24
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Gent DH, Adair NL, Hatlen RJ, Miles TD, Richardson BJ, Rivedal HM, Ross C, Wiseman MS. Detection of Podosphaera macularis in Air Samples by Quantitative PCR. PLANT DISEASE 2024:PDIS04240894RE. [PMID: 38715156 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-24-0894-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of pathogen propagules in the air or other environmental samples is facilitated by culture-independent assays. We developed a quantitative PCR assay for the hop powdery mildew fungus, Podosphaera macularis, for detection of the organism from air samples. The assay uses primers and a TaqMan probe designed to target species-specific sequences in the 28S large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Analytical sensitivity was not affected by the presence of an exogenous internal control or potential PCR inhibitors associated with DNA extracted from soil. The level of quantification of the assay was between 200 and 350 conidia when DNA was extracted from a fixed number of conidia. The assay amplified all isolates of P. macularis tested and had minimal cross-reactivity with other Podosphaera species when assayed with biologically relevant quantities of DNA. Standard curves generated independently in two other laboratories indicated that assay sensitivity was qualitatively similar and reproducible. All laboratories successfully detected eight unknown isolates of P. macularis and correctly discriminated Pseudoperonospora humuli and a water control. The usefulness of the assay for air sampling for late-season inoculum of P. macularis was demonstrated in field studies in 2019 and 2020. In both years, airborne populations of P. macularis in hop yards were detected consistently and increased during bloom and cone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Gent
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Nanci L Adair
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Ross J Hatlen
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Timothy D Miles
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Briana J Richardson
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Hannah M Rivedal
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Cameron Ross
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Michele S Wiseman
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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25
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Brischigliaro M, Krüger A, Moran JC, Antonicka H, Ahn A, Shoubridge EA, Rorbach J, Barrientos A. The human mitochondrial translation factor TACO1 alleviates mitoribosome stalling at polyproline stretches. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:9710-9726. [PMID: 39036954 PMCID: PMC11381339 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The prokaryotic translation elongation factor P (EF-P) and the eukaryotic/archaeal counterparts eIF5A/aIF5A are proteins that serve a crucial role in mitigating ribosomal stalling during the translation of specific sequences, notably those containing consecutive proline residues (1,2). Although mitochondrial DNA-encoded proteins synthesized by mitochondrial ribosomes also contain polyproline stretches, an EF-P/eIF5A mitochondrial counterpart remains unidentified. Here, we show that the missing factor is TACO1, a protein causative of a juvenile form of neurodegenerative Leigh's syndrome associated with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency, until now believed to be a translational activator of COX1 mRNA. By using a combination of metabolic labeling, puromycin release and mitoribosome profiling experiments, we show that TACO1 is required for the rapid synthesis of the polyproline-rich COX1 and COX3 cytochrome c oxidase subunits, while its requirement is negligible for other mitochondrial DNA-encoded proteins. In agreement with a role in translation efficiency regulation, we show that TACO1 cooperates with the N-terminal extension of the large ribosomal subunit bL27m to provide stability to the peptidyl-transferase center during elongation. This study illuminates the translation elongation dynamics within human mitochondria, a TACO1-mediated biological mechanism in place to mitigate mitoribosome stalling at polyproline stretches during protein synthesis, and the pathological implications of its malfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Brischigliaro
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Annika Krüger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Conor Moran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The University of Miami Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), 1600 NW 10th Ave.,Miami, FL33136, USA
| | - Hana Antonicka
- The Neuro and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ahram Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Eric A Shoubridge
- The Neuro and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joanna Rorbach
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical System. 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL-33125, USA
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Huang Y, Flentke GR, Smith SM. Alcohol induces p53-mediated apoptosis in neural crest by stimulating an AMPK-mediated suppression of TORC1, p70/S6K, and ribosomal biogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.02.601754. [PMID: 39005448 PMCID: PMC11244973 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure is a leading cause of permanent neurodevelopmental disability and can feature distinctive craniofacial deficits that partly originate from the apoptotic deletion of craniofacial progenitors, a stem cell lineage called the neural crest (NC). We recently demonstrated that alcohol causes nucleolar stress in NC through its suppression of ribosome biogenesis (RBG) and this suppression is causative in their p53/MDM2-mediated apoptosis. Here, we show that this nucleolar stress originates from alcohol's activation of AMPK, which suppresses TORC1 and the p70/S6K-mediated stimulation of RBG. Alcohol-exposed cells of the pluripotent, primary cranial NC line O9-1 were evaluated with respect to their p70/S6K, TORC1, and AMPK activity. The functional impact of these signals with respect to RBG, p53, and apoptosis were assessed using gain-of-function constructs and small molecule mediators. Alcohol rapidly (<2hr) increased pAMPK, pTSC2, pRaptor, p-mTOR(S2446), and reduced both total and p-p70/S6K in NC cells. These changes persisted for at least 12hr to 18hr following alcohol exposure. Attenuation of these signals via gain- or loss-of-function approaches that targeted AMPK, p70/S6K, or TORC1 prevented alcohol's suppression of rRNA synthesis and the induction of p53-stimulated apoptosis. We conclude that alcohol induces ribosome dysbiogenesis and activates their p53/MDM2-mediated apoptosis via its activation of pAMPK, which in turn activates TSC2 and Raptor to suppress the TORC1-p70/S6K-mediated promotion of ribosome biogenesis. This represents a novel mechanism underlying alcohol's neurotoxicity and is consistent with findings that TORC1-p70/S6K networks are critical for cranial NC survival.
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Wang PC, Liu ZK, Li JR, Zhao ZH, Chang QW, Guo XM, Jin L, Hu YT, Yang Z. Tryptophan regulates the expression of IGFBP1 in bovine endometrial epithelial cells in vitro via the TDO2-AHR pathway. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:390. [PMID: 39227948 PMCID: PMC11373120 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the roles of L-tryptophan (Trp) and its rate-limiting enzymes on the receptivity of bovine endometrial epithelial cells. Real-time PCR was conducted to analyze the differential expression of genes between different groups of bovine endometrial epithelial cells. Western blot was performed to detect Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) expression after treatment with Trp or kynurenine (the main metabolites of Trp). The kynurenine assay was used to examine if Trp or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) can increase the production of kynurenine in the bovine endometrial epithelial cells. RESULTS Trp significantly stimulates insulin growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) expression, a common endometrial marker of conceptus elongation and uterus receptivity for ruminants. When bovine endometrial epithelial cells are treated with Trp, tryptophan hydroxylase-1 remains unchanged, but tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) is significantly increased, suggesting tryptophan is mainly metabolized through the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine significantly stimulates IGFBP1 expression. Furthermore, Trp and kynurenine significantly increase the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). CH223191, an AHR inhibitor, abrogates the induction of Trp and kynurenine on IGFBP1. PGE2 significantly induces the expression of TDO2, AHR, and IGFBP1. CONCLUSIONS The regulation between Trp / kynurenine and PGE2 may be crucial for the receptivity of the bovine uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Chao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Ze-Kun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jia-Rong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Zi-Hui Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Qian-Wen Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiao-Min Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Lin Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Yong-Ting Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Zhenshan Yang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, 22381, Sweden.
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Dorrell RG, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Gueguen N, Nonoyama T, Croteau D, Penot-Raquin M, Adiba S, Bailleul B, Gros V, Pierella Karlusich JJ, Zweig N, Fernie AR, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Bowler C. Complementary environmental analysis and functional characterization of lower glycolysis-gluconeogenesis in the diatom plastid. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3584-3610. [PMID: 38842420 PMCID: PMC11371179 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Organic carbon fixed in chloroplasts through the Calvin-Benson-Bassham Cycle can be diverted toward different metabolic fates, including cytoplasmic and mitochondrial respiration, gluconeogenesis, and synthesis of diverse plastid metabolites via the pyruvate hub. In plants, pyruvate is principally produced via cytoplasmic glycolysis, although a plastid-targeted lower glycolytic pathway is known to exist in non-photosynthetic tissue. Here, we characterized a lower plastid glycolysis-gluconeogenesis pathway enabling the direct interconversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and phospho-enol-pyruvate in diatoms, ecologically important marine algae distantly related to plants. We show that two reversible enzymes required to complete diatom plastid glycolysis-gluconeogenesis, Enolase and bis-phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM), originated through duplications of mitochondria-targeted respiratory isoforms. Through CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis, integrative 'omic analyses, and measured kinetics of expressed enzymes in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, we present evidence that this pathway diverts plastid glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into the pyruvate hub, and may also function in the gluconeogenic direction. Considering experimental data, we show that this pathway has different roles dependent in particular on day length and environmental temperature, and show that the cpEnolase and cpPGAM genes are expressed at elevated levels in high-latitude oceans where diatoms are abundant. Our data provide evolutionary, meta-genomic, and functional insights into a poorly understood yet evolutionarily recurrent plastid metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Dorrell
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology (LCQB), Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Metabolomics, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Central Plant Metabolism Group, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Nolwenn Gueguen
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Tomomi Nonoyama
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Dany Croteau
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | - Mathias Penot-Raquin
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology (LCQB), Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - Sandrine Adiba
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Bailleul
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | - Valérie Gros
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Juan José Pierella Karlusich
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Nathanaël Zweig
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Department of Plant Metabolomics, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Central Plant Metabolism Group, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Chris Bowler
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 75016 Paris, France
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Testen AL, Puri P, Shaw RS, Domsic EC, Griffin-LaHue D, Murphy KM, Mattupalli C. A Quantitative Real-Time PCR Method to Detect the Quinoa Downy Mildew Pathogen, Peronospora variabilis. PLANT DISEASE 2024:PDIS11232308RE. [PMID: 38764340 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-23-2308-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Quinoa downy mildew, caused by Peronospora variabilis, is the most devastating disease of quinoa globally. Rapid, sensitive diagnostic methods are needed to detect and quantify this pathogen in seeds and plant tissue. A hydrolysis probe-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay including a competitive internal control was developed for P. variabilis detection. This assay could detect as low as 20 ag of DNA or approximately 25 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) copies per reaction with efficiencies ranging from 93.9 to 98.2%. No nontarget amplification was observed when tested against DNA from other downy mildew pathogens and related oomycetes. P. variabilis strains from multiple countries were detected using this assay. The assay was successfully applied to quantify the pathogen in quinoa seeds from a field trial conducted in the state of Washington. Downy mildew disease was recorded on all 14 genotypes, with the genotypes 104.88 and 106.49 recording the highest area under the disease progress curve values (mean ± SE; 3,236 ± 303 and 2,851 ± 198, respectively) and J6 and Dutchess recording the lowest (441 ± 107 and 409 ± 129, respectively). Seed washes obtained from field samples were subjected to the qPCR assay, and the pathogen was detected in all samples. The highest pathogen ITS copy number was recorded with 106.49 (194,934 ± 38,171), and the lowest was observed in Pasto (5,971 ± 1,435) and Riobamba (9,954 ± 4,243). This qPCR assay could lead to improved detection and quantification of P. variabilis as well as increased understanding of quinoa-P. variabilis interactions and epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Purnima Puri
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA
| | - R Scott Shaw
- USDA-ARS Application Technology Research Unit, Wooster, OH
| | | | - Deirdre Griffin-LaHue
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA
| | | | - Chakradhar Mattupalli
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA
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Rajapaksha RD, Brooks C, Rascon A, Fadem A, Nguyen I, Kuehl PJ, Farmer JT. Comparative analysis of high-throughput RNA extraction kits in Naïve Non-Human Primate (NHP) tissues for downstream applications utilizing Xeno Internal Positive Control (IPC). J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2024; 129:107549. [PMID: 39236994 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2024.107549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction and purification play pivotal roles in molecular biology and cell and gene therapy, where the quality and integrity of RNA are critical for downstream applications. Automated high-throughput systems have gained interest due to their potential for scalability and reduced labor requirements compared to manual methods. However, ensuring high-throughput capabilities, reproducibility, and reliability while maintaining RNA yield and purity remains challenging. This study evaluated and compared the performance of four commercially available high-throughput magnetic bead-based RNA extraction kits across six types of naïve non-human primate (NHP) tissue matrices: brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, and spleen. The assessment focused on RNA purity, yield, and extraction efficiency (EE) using Xeno Internal Positive Control (IPC) spiking. Samples (∼50 mg) were homogenized via bead-beating and processed according to the manufacturer's protocol on the KingFisher Flex platform in eight replicates. RNA purity and yield were measured using a NanoDrop® spectrophotometer, while EE was evaluated via real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The findings indicate consistent high RNA purity across all tested extraction kits, yet substantial variation in RNA yield. Extraction efficiency exhibited variations across tissue types, with decreasing trends observed from brain to lung tissues. These results underscore the importance of careful kit selection and method optimization for achieving reliable downstream applications. The MagMAX™ mirVana™ Total RNA Isolation Kit stands out as the most accurate and reproducible, making it the preferred choice for applications requiring high RNA quality and consistency. Other kits, such as the Maxwell® HT simplyRNA Kit, offer a good balance between cost and performance, though with some trade-offs in precision. These findings highlight the importance of selecting the appropriate RNA isolation method based on the specific needs of the research, underscoring the critical role of accurate nucleic acid extraction in gene and cell therapy research. In conclusion, this study highlights the critical factors influencing RNA extraction performance, emphasizing the need for researchers and practitioners to consider both kit performance and tissue characteristics when designing experimental protocols. These insights contribute to the ongoing efforts to enhance the reproducibility and reliability of RNA extraction methods in molecular biology and cell/gene therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwini D Rajapaksha
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America.
| | - Catherine Brooks
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - Adriana Rascon
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - Adam Fadem
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - Ivy Nguyen
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - Philip J Kuehl
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
| | - John T Farmer
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108-5127, United States of America
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Quesada J, Alfaro-Segura P, Mata-Somarribas C, Alger J, Toledo M, Ramos de Souza J, Mora J, Graeff-Teixeira C, Solano-Barquero A, Rojas A. Real-time qPCR coupled with high-resolution melting curve analysis for the detection of the internal transcribed spacer 1 of Angiostrongylus costaricensis. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:312. [PMID: 39218957 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal angiostrongyliasis (AA) is a zoonotic and severe parasitic infection caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis. AA is currently diagnosed by the observation of A. costaricensis-compatible structures in biopsies or the detection of antibodies in serological tests. However, molecular methods targeting homologous sequences of A. costaricensis have not been designed before, and therefore, an HRM-coupled qPCR was developed to detect the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of the parasite. The present assay successfully amplified DNA of A. costaricensis obtained from different hosts and identified slight sequence differences through the HRM analysis. The detection limit of the HRM-qPCR was 0.00036 ng/µL, 1.0 ng/µL, and 0.1 ng/µL when A. costaricensis DNA was diluted in nuclease-free water, whole blood, and sera, respectively, which highlights its potential use for cell-free DNA detection. Moreover, the reaction did not cross-amplify DNA of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Strongyloides stercoralis, and other nematodes, thus emphasizing its specificity. Additionally, the assay tested positive in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded biopsies with visible A. costaricensis adults or eggs, but not in samples without evident parasites or a low number of larvae, which suggests that the reaction is useful for confirming the presence of the nematode in clinical samples. Finally, DNA of sera from patients with AA was evaluated with the HRM-qPCR but none tested positive, possibly due to long storage periods of the samples which could have led to cfDNA degradation. These results indicate that this assay may be useful in the confirmation of AA and its prospection for cell-free DNA detection protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joban Quesada
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Paula Alfaro-Segura
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos Mata-Somarribas
- Centro Nacional de Referencia de Parasitología, Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Jackeline Alger
- Departamento de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Mazlova Toledo
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Jucicleide Ramos de Souza
- National Reference Laboratory for Schistosomiasis and Malacology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Javier Mora
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos Graeff-Teixeira
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidad Federal de Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Alberto Solano-Barquero
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alicia Rojas
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
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Zhang M, Hu K, Ma L, Geng M, Zhang C, Yao G, Zhang H. Persulfidation and phosphorylation of transcription factor SlWRKY6 differentially regulate tomato fruit ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:210-227. [PMID: 38728423 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Cysteine desulfhydrase catalyses the generation of the signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in plants. In this study, we found that H2S can inhibit tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening and SlWRKY6 undergoes differential protein persulfidation in SlLCD1-overexpressing leaves. Then, further study indicated that SlWRKY6 could be persulfidated by H2S at Cys396. By construction of slwrky6 mutants and SlWRKY6-OE lines, we found that SlWRKY6 positively regulates leaf senescence and fruit ripening by activating the transcription of ripening-related genes STAYGREEN 1 (SlSGR1) and Senescence-Associated Gene 12 (SlSAG12). In addition, SlWRKY6 interacted with kinase SlMAPK4 and was phosphorylated at Ser33. Dual-luciferase transient expression assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that SlWRKY6 persulfidation attenuated its transcriptional regulation of target genes SlSGR1 and SlSAG12, whereas SlWRKY6 phosphorylation by SlMAPK4 activated the transcription of target genes to promote fruit ripening. Moreover, we provided evidence that SlWRKY6 persulfidation attenuated its SlMAPK4-mediated phosphorylation to inhibit tomato fruit ripening. By transient expression of SlWRKY6, SlWRKY6C396A, SlWRKY6S33A, and SlWRKY6S33D in slwrky6 fruits, we found that SlWRKY6 persulfidation attenuated the expression of SlSGR1 and SlSAG12 thereby delaying tomato fruit ripening, while SlWRKY6 phosphorylation increased the expression of target genes. As tomato fruits ripened, endogenous H2S production decreased, while SlMAPK4 expression increased. Therefore, our findings reveal a model in which SlWRKY6 persulfidation due to higher endogenous H2S levels in un-ripened fruit inhibits its ability to activate SlSGR1 and SlSAG12 expression, while SlWRKY6 phosphorylation by SlMAPK4 activates its transcriptional activity, thereby promoting tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kangdi Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Meihui Geng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Conghe Zhang
- Winall Hi-Tech Seed Co., Ltd, Hefei 231283, China
| | - Gaifang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Liu J, Fan X, Ni J, Cai M, Cai D, Jiang Y, Mo A, Miran W, Peng T, Long X, Yang F. Mitigation of uranium toxicity in rice by Sphingopyxis sp. YF1: Evidence from growth, ultrastructure, subcellular distribution, and physiological characteristics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108958. [PMID: 39053315 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Uranium (U) contamination of rice is an urgent ecological and agricultural problem whose effective alleviation is in great demand. Sphingopyxis genus has been shown to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils. Rare research delves into the mitigation of uranium (U) toxicity to rice by Sphingopyxis genus. In this study, we exposed rice seedlings for 7 days at U concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg L-1 with or without the Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 in the rice nutrient solution. Here, we firstly found YF1 colonized on the root of rice seedlings, significantly mitigated the growth inhibition, and counteracted the chlorophyll content reduction in leaves induced by U. When treated with 1.1 × 107 CFU mL-1 YF1 with the amendment of 10 mg L-1 U, the decrease of U accumulation in rice seedling roots and shoots was the largest among all treatments; reduced by 39.3% and 32.1%, respectively. This was associated with the redistribution of the U proportions in different organelle parts, leading to the alleviation of the U damage to the morphology and structure of rice root. Interestingly, we found YF1 significantly weakens the expression of antioxidant enzymes genes (CuZnSOD,CATA,POD), promotes the up-regulation of metal-transporters genes (OsHMA3 and OsHMA2), and reduces the lipid peroxidation damage induced by U in rice seedlings. In summary, YF1 is a plant-probiotic with potential applications for U-contaminated rice, benefiting producers and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Xinting Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Juan Ni
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Meihan Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Danping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Aili Mo
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Waheed Miran
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xizi Long
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Biological Toxicology and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Hengyang City on Ecological Impedance Technology of Heavy Metal Pollution in Cultivated Soil of Nonferrous Metal Mining Area, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards of Hunan Province, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Conn VM, Chinnaiyan AM, Conn SJ. Circular RNA in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:597-613. [PMID: 39075222 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, circular RNA (circRNA) research has evolved into a bona fide research field shedding light on the functional consequence of this unique family of RNA molecules in cancer. Although the method of formation and the abundance of circRNAs can differ from their cognate linear mRNA, the spectrum of interacting partners and their resultant cellular functions in oncogenesis are analogous. However, with 10 times more diversity in circRNA variants compared with linear RNA variants, combined with their hyperstability in the cell, circRNAs are equipped to influence every stage of oncogenesis. This is an opportune time to address the breadth of circRNA in cancer focused on their spatiotemporal expression, mutations in biogenesis factors and contemporary functions through each stage of cancer. In this Review, we highlight examples of functional circRNAs in specific cancers, which satisfy critical criteria, including their physical co-association with the target and circRNA abundance at stoichiometrically valid quantities. These considerations are essential to develop strategies for the therapeutic exploitation of circRNAs as biomarkers and targeted anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Simon J Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia.
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Virtanen MI, Iversen MH, Patel DM, Brinchmann MF. Daily crowding stress has limited, yet detectable effects on skin and head kidney gene expression in surgically tagged atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109794. [PMID: 39089638 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
To ensure welfare-friendly and effective internal tagging, the tagging process should not cause a long-term burden on individuals given that tagged fish serve as representatives for the entire population in telemetry applications. To some extent, stress is inevitable within regular aquaculture practices, and thus, the consequences of long-term stress should be described in terms of their effects on internal tagging. In fish, stressors activate the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Interrenal (HPI) and Brain-Sympathetic-Chromaffin Cell (BSC) axes, leading to neuroimmunoendocrine communication and paracrine interactions among stress hormones. The interrelation between wound healing and stress is complex, owing to their shared components, pathways, and energy demands. This study assessed 14 genes (mmp9, mmp13, il-2, il-4, il-8a, il-10, il-12, il-17d, il-1b, tnfa, ifng, leg-3, igm, and crh) in the skin (1.5 cm from the wound) and head kidney over eight weeks. These genes, associated with cell signaling in immunity, wound healing, and stress, have previously been identified as influenced and regulated by these processes. Half of a group of Atlantic salmon (n = 90) with surgically implanted dummy smart-tags were exposed to daily crowding stress. The goal was to investigate how this gene panel responds to a wound alone and then to the combined effects of wounding and daily crowding stress. Our observations indicate that chronic stress impacts inflammation and impedes wound healing, as seen through the expression of matrix metalloproteinases genes in the skin but not in the head kidney. This difference is likely due to the ongoing internal wound repair, in contrast to the externally healed wound incision. Cytokine expression, when significant in the skin, was mainly downregulated in both treatments compared to control values, particularly in the study's first half. Conversely, the head kidney showed initial cytokine downregulation followed by upregulation. Across all weeks observed and combining both tissues, the significantly expressed gene differences were 12 % between the Wound and Stress+ groups, 28 % between Wound and Control, and 25 % between Stress+ and Control. Despite significant fluctuations in cytokines, sustained variations across multiple weeks are only evident in a few select genes. Furthermore, Stress+ individuals demonstrated the most cytokine correlations within the head kidney, which may suggest that chronic stress affects cytokine expression. This investigation unveils that the presence of stress and prolonged activation of the HPI axis in an eight weeklong study has limited yet detectable effects on the selected gene expression within immunity, wound healing, and stress, with notable tissue-specific differences.
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Bertossa MR, Darby JR, Holman SL, Meakin AS, Li C, Huber HF, Wiese MD, Nathanielsz PW, Morrison JL. Maternal high fat-high energy diet alters metabolic factors in the non-human primate fetal heart. J Physiol 2024; 602:4251-4269. [PMID: 39087821 PMCID: PMC11366491 DOI: 10.1113/jp286861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of high fat-high energy diets (HF-HEDs) continues to rise worldwide and parallels the rise in maternal obesity (MO) that predisposes offspring to cardiometabolic disorders. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclear, thyroid hormones (TH) modulate cardiac maturation in utero. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of a high fat-high energy diet (HF-HED) on the hormonal, metabolic and contractility profile of the non-human primate (NHP) fetal heart. At ∼9 months preconception, female baboons (Papio hamadryas) were randomly assigned to either a control diet or HF-HED. At 165 days gestational age (term = 184 days), fetuses were delivered by Caesarean section under anaesthesia, humanely killed, and left ventricular cardiac tissue (Control (n = 6 female, 6 male); HF-HED (n = 6 F, 6 M)) was collected. Maternal HF-HED decreased the concentration of active cardiac TH (i.e. triiodothyronine (T3)), and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) mRNA expression. Maternal HF-HED decreased the abundance of cardiac markers of insulin-mediated glucose uptake phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (Ser789) and glucose transporter 4, and increased protein abundance of key oxidative phosphorylation complexes (I, III, IV) and mitochondrial abundance in both sexes. Maternal HF-HED alters cardiac TH status, which may induce early signs of cardiac insulin resistance. This may increase the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in later life in offspring born to these pregnancies. KEY POINTS: Babies born to mothers who consume a high fat-high energy diet (HF-HED) prior to and during pregnancy are predisposed to an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders across the life course. Maternal HF-HED prior to and during pregnancy decreased thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase DIO1 mRNA expression in the non-human primate fetal heart. Maternal HF-HED decreased markers of insulin-dependent glucose uptake, phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter 4 in the fetal heart. Maternal HF-HED increased mitochondrial abundance and mitochondrial OXPHOS complex I, III and IV in the fetal heart. Fetuses from HF-HED pregnancies are predisposed to cardiometabolic disorders that may be mediated by changes in T3, placing them on a poor lifetime cardiovascular health trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R. Bertossa
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation
| | - Jack R.T. Darby
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation
| | - Stacey L. Holman
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation
| | - Ashley S. Meakin
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Hillary F. Huber
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael D. Wiese
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia, 5001
| | | | - Janna L. Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation
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Walker KA, Rhodes ST, Liberman DA, Gore AC, Bell MR. Microglial responses to inflammatory challenge in adult rats altered by developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in a sex-specific manner. Neurotoxicology 2024; 104:95-115. [PMID: 39038526 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls are ubiquitous environmental contaminants linkedc with peripheral immune and neural dysfunction. Neuroimmune signaling is critical to brain development and later health; however, effects of PCBs on neuroimmune processes are largely undescribed. This study extends our previous work in neonatal or adolescent rats by investigating longer-term effects of perinatal PCB exposure on later neuroimmune responses to an inflammatory challenge in adulthood. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a low-dose, environmentally relevant, mixture of PCBs (Aroclors 1242, 1248, and 1254, 1:1:1, 20 μg / kg dam BW per gestational day) or oil control during gestation and via lactation. Upon reaching adulthood, rats were given a mild inflammatory challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 μg / kg BW, ip) or saline control and then euthanized 3 hours later for gene expression analysis or 24 hours later for immunohistochemical labeling of Iba1+ microglia. PCB exposure did not alter gene expression or microglial morphology independently, but instead interacted with the LPS challenge in brain region- and sex-specific ways. In the female hypothalamus, PCB exposure blunted LPS responses of neuroimmune and neuromodulatory genes without changing microglial morphology. In the female prefrontal cortex, PCBs shifted Iba1+ cells from reactive to hyperramified morphology in response to LPS. Conversely, in the male hypothalamus, PCBs shifted cell phenotypes from hyperramified to reactive morphologies in response to LPS. The results highlight the potential for long-lasting effects of environmental contaminants that are differentially revealed over a lifetime, sometimes only after a secondary challenge. These neuroimmune endpoints are possible mechanisms for PCB effects on a range of neural dysfunction in adulthood, including mental health and neurodegenerative disorders. The findings suggest possible interactions with other environmental challenges that also influence neuroimmune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Walker
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - Simone T Rhodes
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - Deborah A Liberman
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Margaret R Bell
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA; Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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van Gent-Pelzer MPE, Dullemans AM, Verbeek M, Bonants PJM, van der Lee TAJ. Development and evaluation of one-step RT-qPCR TaqMan multiplex panels applied to six viruses occurring in lily and tulip bulbs. J Virol Methods 2024; 329:114987. [PMID: 38901647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
One-step RT-qPCR TaqMan assays have been developed for six plant viruses with considerable economic impact in the growing of tulip and lily bulbs: lily mottle virus, lily symptomless virus, lily virus X, Plantago asiatica mosaic virus, tulip breaking virus and tulip virus X. To enhance efficacy and cost-efficiency these assays were combined into multiplex panels. Four different multiplex panels were designed, each consisting of three virus assays and an adapted assay for the housekeeping gene nad5 of lilies and tulips, that acts as an internal amplification control. To eliminate false negative results due to variation in the viral genome sequences, for each target virus two assays were developed on distinct conserved genomic regions. Specificity, PCR efficiency and compatibility of primers and probes were tested using gBlock constructions. Diagnostic samples were used to evaluate the strategy. High Throughput Sequencing of a set of the diagnostic samples, further verified the presence or absence of the viruses in the RNA samples and sequence variations in the target genes. This interchangeable multiplex panel strategy may be a valuable tool for the detection of viruses in certification, surveys and virus diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P E van Gent-Pelzer
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands.
| | - A M Dullemans
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands.
| | - M Verbeek
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - P J M Bonants
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - T A J van der Lee
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6700 AA, the Netherlands
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Salesse‐Smith CE, Lochocki EB, Doran L, Haas BE, Stutz SS, Long SP. Greater mesophyll conductance and leaf photosynthesis in the field through modified cell wall porosity and thickness via AtCGR3 expression in tobacco. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:2504-2517. [PMID: 38687118 PMCID: PMC11331791 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mesophyll conductance (gm) describes the ease with which CO2 passes from the sub-stomatal cavities of the leaf to the primary carboxylase of photosynthesis, Rubisco. Increasing gm is suggested as a means to engineer increases in photosynthesis by increasing [CO2] at Rubisco, inhibiting oxygenation and accelerating carboxylation. Here, tobacco was transgenically up-regulated with Arabidopsis Cotton Golgi-related 3 (CGR3), a gene controlling methylesterification of pectin, as a strategy to increase CO2 diffusion across the cell wall and thereby increase gm. Across three independent events in tobacco strongly expressing AtCGR3, mesophyll cell wall thickness was decreased by 7%-13%, wall porosity increased by 75% and gm measured by carbon isotope discrimination increased by 28%. Importantly, field-grown plants showed an average 8% increase in leaf photosynthetic CO2 uptake. Up-regulating CGR3 provides a new strategy for increasing gm in dicotyledonous crops, leading to higher CO2 assimilation and a potential means to sustainable crop yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie E. Salesse‐Smith
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Edward B. Lochocki
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Lynn Doran
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Benjamin E. Haas
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Samantha S. Stutz
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Stephen P. Long
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
- Departments of Plant Biology and of Crop SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
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Dudek I, Czerkies M, Kwiatek A. Differential expression of cytokines and elevated levels of MALAT1 - Long non-coding RNA in response to non-structural proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus. Virology 2024; 597:110127. [PMID: 38850893 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV), a prevalent respiratory pathogen affecting various age groups, can trigger prolonged and intense inflammation in humans. The severity and outcome of hRSV infection correlate with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory agents, yet the underlying reasons for this immune system overstimulation remain elusive. We focused on the impact of hRSV non-structural proteins, NS1 and NS2, on immune response within epithelial cells. Available data indicates that these proteins impair the interferon pathway. We reinforce that NS1 and NS2 induce heightened secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and CXCL8. We also indicate that hRSV non-structural proteins provoke differential gene expression of human host FosB and long non-coding RNAs (MALAT1, RP11-510N19.5). It suggests an impact of NS molecules beyond IFN pathways. Thus, new light is shed on the interplay between hRSV and host cells, uncovering unexplored avenues of viral interference, especially the NS2 role in cytokine expression and immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Dudek
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maciej Czerkies
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kwiatek
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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41
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Bissonnette N, Brousseau JP, Ollier S, Byrne AS, Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Tahlan K. Systematic assessment of the reliability of quantitative PCR assays targeting IS900 for the detection of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis presence in animal and environmental samples. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:7165-7184. [PMID: 38754821 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the bacterium responsible for causing Johne's disease (JD), which is endemic to dairy cattle and also implicated in the etiology of Crohn's disease. The difficulty in diagnosing asymptomatic cows for JD makes this disease hard to control. Johne's disease is considered a priority under the One Health approach to prevent the spread of the causative agent to humans. Environmental screening is a strategic approach aimed at identifying dairy herds with animals infected with MAP. It serves as the initial step toward implementing more intensive actions to control the disease. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) technology is widely used for diagnosis. Given that genome sequencing is now much more accessible than ever before, it is possible to target regions of the MAP genome that allow for the greatest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to identify among the published qPCR assays targeting IS900 the more cost-effective options to detect MAP and to validate them in the diagnostic context of JD. Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis IS900 is a prime target because it is a multicopy genetic element. A total of 136 publications have reported on the use of IS900 qPCR assays over the past 3 decades. Among these records, 29 used the SYBR Green chemistry, and 107 used TaqMan technology. Aside from the 9 reports using commercial assays, 72 TaqMan reports cited previously published work, leaving us with 27 TaqMan qPCR designs. Upon closer examination, 5 TaqMan designs contained mismatches in primer or probe sequences. Additionally, others exhibited high similarity to environmental microorganisms or non-MAP mycobacteria. We assessed the performance of 6 IS900 qPCR designs and their sensitivity when applied to clinical or environmental samples, which varied from 4 to 56 fold overall. Additionally, we provide recommendations for testing clinical and environmental samples, as certain strategies used previously should be avoided due to poor qPCR design (e.g., the presence of mismatches) or a lack of specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bissonnette
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada.
| | - J-P Brousseau
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - S Ollier
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - A S Byrne
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - E M Ibeagha-Awemu
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - K Tahlan
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
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Zhou Y, Zhang M, Lu S, Liu L, Duan Z, Wei F, Li G. Superoxide signal orchestrates tetrathiomolybdate-induced longevity via ARGK-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:650-660. [PMID: 39025156 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been identified as key redox signaling agents contributing to aging process, which and how specific oxidants trigger healthy longevity remain unclear. This paper aimed to explore the precise role and signaling mechanism of superoxide (O2•-) in health and longevity. METHODS A tool for precise regulation of O2•- levels in vivo was developed based on the inhibition of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) by tetrathiomolybdate (TM) in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Then, we examined the effects of TM on lifespan, reproduction, lipofuscin accumulation, mobility, and stress resistance. Finally, the signaling mechanism for longevity induced by TM-O2•- was screened by transcriptome analysis and tested in sod-1 and argk-1 RNAi strains, sod-2, sod-3, and daf-16 mutants. RESULTS TM promoted longevity in C. elegans with a concomitant extension of healthy lifespan as indicated by increasing fertility and mobility and reducing lipofuscin accumulation, as well as enhanced resistance to different abiotic stresses. Mechanically, TM could precisely regulate O2•- levels in nematodes via modulating SOD1 activity. An O2•- scavenger Mn(III)TBAP abolished TM-induced lifespan extension, while an O2•- generator paraquat at low concentration mimicked the life prolongation effects. The longevity in TM-treated worms was abolished by sod-1 RNAi but was not affected in sod-2 or sod-3 mutants. Further transcriptome analysis revealed arginine kinase ARGK-1 and its downstream insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling (IIS) as potential effectors for TM-O2•‾-induced longevity, and argk-1 RNAi or daf-16 mutant nullified the longevity. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that it is feasible to precisely control specific oxidant in vivo and O2•- orchestrates TM-induced health and longevity in C. elegans via ARGK-1-IIS axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Li Liu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zhigui Duan
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
| | - Guolin Li
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China; FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Shi JF, Cheng MH, Zhou W, Zeng MZ, Chen Y, Yang JX, Wu H, Ye QH, Tang H, Zhang Q, Fu KY, Guo WC. Crucial roles of specialized chitinases in elytral and hindwing cuticles construction in Leptinotarsa decemlineata. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:4437-4449. [PMID: 38656531 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata, is a major potato (Solanum tuberosum) pest, infesting over 16 million km2 and causing substantial economic losses. The insect cuticle forms an apical extracellular matrix (ECM) envelope covering exposed organs to direct morphogenesis and confer structural protection. While select chitinase (Cht) genes have proven essential for larval development, their potential activities directing ECM remodeling underlying adult wing maturation remain undefined. RESULTS We investigated the expression patterns and performed an oral RNA interference (RNAi) screen targeting 19 LdChts in late-instar L. decemlineata larvae. Subsequently, we assessed their effects on adult eclosion and wing characteristics. Knockdown of LdCht5, LdCht7, LdCht10, LdIDGF2, and LdIDGF4, as well as others from Group IV (LdCht15, LdCht12, LdCht17, and LdCht13) and Groups VII-X (LdCht2, LdCht11, LdCht1, and LdCht3), resulting in shrunken, misshapen elytra with reduced areal density, as well as transverse wrinkling and impaired wing-tip folding in hindwings. Scanning electron micrographs revealed eroded elytral ridges alongside thinned, ruptured hindwing veins, indicative of mechanical fragility post-LdCht suppression. Spectroscopic analysis uncovered biomolecular alterations underlying the elytral anomalies, including decreases in peaks representing chitin, proteins, and lipids. This loss of essential ECM components provides evidence for the fragility, wrinkling, and shrinkage observed in the RNAi groups. CONCLUSION Our findings elucidate the crucial role of chitinases in the turnover of chitinous cuticles on beetle wings, offering insights into RNAi-based control strategies against this invasive pest. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Man-Hong Cheng
- Chongqing College of Humanities, Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mu-Zi Zeng
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Xin Yang
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Ye
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Tang
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China
- College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-Yun Fu
- Ministry of Agriculture/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety, Institute of Plant Protection Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Urumqi, China
| | - Wen-Chao Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety, Institute of Plant Protection Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Urumqi, China
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Keenum I, Lin NJ, Logan-Jackson A, Gushgari AJ, D'Souza N, Steele JA, Kaya D, Gushgari LR. Optimizing Wastewater Surveillance: The Necessity of Standardized Reporting and Proficiency for Public Health. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:859-863. [PMID: 39110937 PMCID: PMC11306606 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ishi Keenum
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Nancy J Lin
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Alshae' Logan-Jackson
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Adam J Gushgari
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Nishita D'Souza
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Joshua A Steele
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Devrim Kaya
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Lydia R Gushgari
- Ishi Keenum is with the Civil, Environmental, and Geospatial Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton. Nancy J. Lin and Alshae' Logan-Jackson are with the Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Adam J. Gushgari is with Eurofins Pandemic Prevention Services, Sacramento, CA. Nishita D'Souza is with Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Joshua A. Steele is with the Department of Microbiology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA. Devrim Kaya is with the School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA. Lydia R. Gushgari is with SPOC Proteomics, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
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Zeng Z, Ni J, Huang Z, Tan Q. Expression and functional analysis of Fushi Tarazu transcription factor 1 (FTZ-F1) in the regulation of steroid hormones during the gonad development of Fujian Oyster, Crassostrea angulata. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 295:111668. [PMID: 38797241 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Crassostrea angulata, a major shellfish cultivated in Southern China, has experienced a notable surge in commercial value in recent years. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing their reproductive processes holds significant implications for advancing aquaculture practices. In this study, we cloned the orphan nuclear receptor gene, Fushi Tarazu transcription factor 1 (FTZ-F1), of C. angulata and investigated its functional role in the gonadal development. The full-length cDNA of FTZ-F1 spans 2357 bp and encodes a protein sequence of 530 amino acids. Notably, the amino acid sequence of FTZ-F1 in C. angulata shares remarkable similarity with its homologues in other species, particularly in the DNA-binding region (>90%) and ligand-binding region (>44%). In C. angulata, the highest expression level of FTZ-F1 was observed in the ovary, exhibiting more than a 200-fold increase during the maturation stage compared to the initiation stage (P < 0.001). Specifically, FTZ-F1 was mainly expressed in the follicular cells surrounding the oocytes of C. angulata. Upon inhibiting FTZ-F1 gene expression in C. angulata through RNA interference (RNAi), a substantial reduction in the expression of genes involved in the synthesis of sex steroids in the gonads, including 3β-HSD, Cyp17, and follistatin, was observed. In addition, estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels also showed a decrease upon FTZ-F1 silencing, resulting in a delayed gonadal development. These results indicate that FTZ-F1 acts as a steroidogenic factor, participating in the synthesis and regulation of steroid hormones and thus playing an important role in the reproductive and endocrine systems within oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Medicinal Natural Products Resources, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianbin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zixia Huang
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Qianglai Tan
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Medicinal Natural Products Resources, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China.
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McSweeney JE, Yong LY, Goddard NV, Wong JK. Does Secondary Mechanical Manipulation of Lipoaspirate Enhance the Vasculogenic Potential of Fat Grafts? A Systematic Review. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 93:389-396. [PMID: 39150855 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000004048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat grafting is a highly versatile option in the reconstructive armamentarium but with unpredictable retention rates and outcomes. The primary outcome of this systematic review was to assess whether secondary mechanically processed lipoaspirate favorably enhances the vasculogenic potential of fat grafts when compared to unprocessed lipoaspirate or fat grafts prepared using centrifugation alone. The secondary outcome was to assess the evidence around graft retention and improved outcomes when comparing the aforementioned groups. METHODS A search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted up to February 2022. All human and animal research, which provided a cross-comparison between unprocessed, centrifuged, secondary mechanically fragmented (SMF) or secondary mechanically disrupted (SMD) fat grafts, was included. RESULTS Thirty-one full texts were included. Vasculogenic potential was assessed by quantification of angiogenic growth factors and cellular composition. Cellular composition of mesenchymal stem cells, perivascular stem cells, and endothelial progenitor cells was quantified by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Fat graft volume retention rates and fat grafting to aid wound healing were assessed. Although the presence of industry-funded studies and inadequate reporting of methodological data in some studies were sources of bias, data showed SMF grafts contain an enriched pericyte population with increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. Animal studies indicate that SMD grafts may increase rates of fat graft retention and wound closure compared to centrifuged grafts; however, clinical studies are yet to show similar results. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, we were able to conclude that the existing literature suggests mechanically processing fat, whether it be through fragmentation or disruption, improves vasculogenic potential by enhancing angiogenic growth factor and relevant vascular progenitor cell levels. Whilst in vivo animal studies are scarce, the review findings suggest that secondary mechanically processed fat enhances fat graft retention and can aid with wound healing. Further clinical studies are required to assess potential differences in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Ethan McSweeney
- From the Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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Feng X, Wei G, Su Y, Xian Y, Liu Z, Gao Y, Liang J, Lian H, Xu J, Zhao J, Liu Q, Song F. Active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina (Rogers) inhibits osteoclastogenesis by targeting Trim38 mediated proteasomal degradation of TRAF6. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155890. [PMID: 39033726 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a key factor in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP) primarily characterized by excessive osteoclast activity. Active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina Rogers (AFPR) exerts antioxidant effects and possesses extensive promising therapeutic effects in various conditions, however, its function in osteoclastogenesis and OP is unknown. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of AFPR in OP. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS CCK8 assay was used to evaluate the cell viability under AFPR treatment. TRAcP staining, podosome belts staining and bone resorption were used to test the effect of AFPR on osteoclastogenesis. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the effect of AFPR on ROS production. si-RNA transfection, coimmunoprecipitation and Western-blot were used to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Further, an ovariectomy (OVX) -induced OP mice model was used to identify the effect of AFPR on bone loss using Micro-CT scanning and histological examination. RESULTS In the present study, AFPR inhibited osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption induced by nuclear factor-κB receptor activator (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) in dose-/ time-dependent with no cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, AFPR decreased RANKL-mediated ROS levels and enhanced ROS scavenging enzymes. Mechanistically, AFPR promoted proteasomal degradation of TRAF6 by significantly upregulating its K48-linked ubiquitination, subsequently inhibiting NFATc1 activity. We further observed that tripartite motif protein 38 (TRIM38) could mediate the ubiquitination of TRAF6 in response to RANKL. Moreover, TRIM38 could negatively regulate the RANKL pathway by binding to TRAF6 and promoting K48-linked polyubiquitination. In addition, TRIM38 deficiency rescued the inhibition of AFPR on ROS and NFATc1 activity and osteoclastogenesis. In line with these results, AFPR reduced OP caused by OVX through ameliorating osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION AFPR alleviates ovariectomized-induced bone loss via suppressing ROS and NFATc1 by targeting Trim38 mediated proteasomal degradation of TRAF6. The research offers innovative perspectives on AFPR's suppressive impact in vivo OVX mouse model and in vitro, and clarifies the fundamental mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Guining Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, PR China
| | - Yuangang Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yansi Xian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zhijuan Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yijie Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jiamin Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Haoyu Lian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Fangming Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China.
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Sun D, Wang S, Wang C, Zou J. Transcriptomics reveals that NAD(P)H affects the development of the Zig-zag eel (Mastacembelus armatus ♀) × Spiny eel (Sinobdella sinensis ♂) hybrid offspring leading to low hatching rates. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 268:107561. [PMID: 39004014 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Zig-zag eel (Mastacembelus armatus (2 n = 48)) and Spiny eel (Sinobdella sinensis (2 n = 48)) are two species of the Mastacembelidae family commonly found in southern China. Hybridization between the two has a very high deformity rate and a very low hatching rate. In order to investigate the reasons for this, the first hybridization between M. armatus and S. sinensis was carried out using artificial insemination, and the embryonic development of the hybrid offspring was examined using microphotography, and the malformations of the hybrid offspring were investigated by transcriptomics. The experiments showed that the average egg production was 4265.7 ± 322.94 (Mean ± SD), the average fertilization rate of hybrid offspring was 98.67 ± 0.58 % (Mean ± SD), the hatching rate was 12.06 ± 3.44 % (Mean ± SD), the deformity rate was 98.15 ± 3.21 % (Mean ± SD), and the embryonic development successively went through the five main stages of fertilized egg, egg cleavage, embryo formation, organogenesis, and exertion of membranes. Transcriptomics showed that the expression of NAD(P)H-related enzyme activity DEGs was increased, and many DEGs related to cell signaling molecule transmission and metabolic regulation are enriched in KEGG pathways, such as IL-17 signaling pathway, Osteoclast differentiation, TNF signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. etc. The major types of DEGs corresponded to those coding for proteins. This study suggests that the high malformation rate in hybrid offspring may be caused by impaired synthesis of proteins during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sun
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaodan Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jixing Zou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Storms SM, Shisler J, Nguyen TH, Zuckermann FA, Lowe JF. Lateral flow paired with RT-LAMP: A speedy solution for Influenza A virus detection in swine. Vet Microbiol 2024; 296:110174. [PMID: 38981201 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A Virus in swine (IAV-S) is a zoonotic pathogen that is nearly ubiquitous in commercial swine in the USA. Swine possess sialic acid receptors that allow co-infection of human and avian viruses with the potential of pandemic reassortment. We aimed to develop a fast and robust testing method for IAV-S detection on swine farms. Two primers of the RT-LAMP assay were labeled for use in a lateral flow readout. A commercially available lateral flow kit was used to read the amplicon product. With a runtime of ∼ 45 minutes, the limit of detection for the assay is comparable with an RT-qPCR Cq less than 35, with a sensitivity of 83.5 % and a specificity of 89.6 %. This assay allows veterinarians and producers with limited access to diagnostic services to perform and detect Matrix gene amplification on-site with low equipment costs. The time from sample collection to detection is less than one hour, making this method an accessible, convenient, and affordable tool to prevent the spread of zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna M Storms
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
| | - Joanna Shisler
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, B103 CLSL, MC-110, S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Thanh H Nguyen
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Federico A Zuckermann
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
| | - James F Lowe
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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Kociper B, Škorja Milić N, Ogrizek I, Miš K, Pirkmajer S. Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system reduces the abundance of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 in cultured myotubes. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2024; 45:155-169. [PMID: 39080182 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-024-09679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), which phosphorylates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, regulates glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. PDK1, an isozyme whose expression is controlled by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), is thought to play a role in muscle adaptation to hypoxia. While transcriptional upregulation of PDK1 by HIF-1α is well characterised, mechanisms controlling proteolysis of PDK1 in skeletal muscle have not been thoroughly investigated. Proteasome inhibitor MG132 paradoxically reduced the abundance of PDK1 in human cancer cells and rat L6 myotubes, suggesting that MG132 might direct PDK1 towards autophagic degradation. The objectives of our current study were to determine (1) whether MG132 suppresses PDK1 levels in primary human myotubes, (2) whether chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy, prevents MG132-induced suppression of PDK1 in L6 myotubes, and (3) whether PYR-41, an inhibitor of ubiquitination, suppresses PDK1 in L6 myotubes. Using qPCR and/or immunoblotting, we found that despite markedly upregulating HIF-1α protein, MG132 did not alter the PDK1 expression in cultured primary human myotubes, while it suppressed both PDK1 mRNA and protein in L6 myotubes. The PDK1 levels in L6 myotubes were suppressed also during co-treatment with chloroquine and MG132. PYR-41 markedly increased the abundance of HIF-1α in primary human and L6 myotubes, while reducing the abundance of PDK1. In L6 myotubes treated with PYR-41, chloroquine increased the abundance of the epidermal growth factor receptor, but did not prevent the suppression of PDK1. Collectively, our results suggest that cultured myotubes degrade PDK1 via a pathway that cannot be inhibited by MG132, PYR-41, and/or chloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaž Kociper
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Nives Škorja Milić
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Ivana Ogrizek
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Miš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
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