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Wang Z, Chen R, Zhang L, Chen Y, Li J, Li S, Xu L, Hu Y, Bai Y. Association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study in China. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:347-354. [PMID: 38375832 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on data from Jinchang Cohort. METHODS This is a large prospective cohort study. Between 2011 and 2020, a total of 43 516 individuals from Jinchang Cohort were included for this study. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRC according to MetS were calculated with the Cox proportional hazard models. The restricted cubic spine models with four knots were conducted to fit the dose-response relationships. RESULTS MetS was associated with increased risk of CRC (n = 141; HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.33) after adjusting for confounding factors (age, sex, education level, family history of CRC, smoking index and alcohol index). Participants with hyperglycemia had a significantly higher risk of developing incident CRC (HR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.19-2.43). The positive association between MetS and CRC was observed in males (HR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.17-2.63), but not in females (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.59-2.64). Furthermore, linear dose-response relationship was found between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and CRC risk in males ( Poverall < 0.05, Pnon-linear = 0.35). When stratified by smoke and drink, MetS was found to increase the incidence of CRC only in the smoke (HR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.35-3.18) and drink (HR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.51-5.69) groups. CONCLUSION MetS was associated with a higher risk of CRC incidence. Hyperglycemia lended strong support to the role of MetS in new-onset CRC, especially in males. Other components of MetS were not found to be associated with increased risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongge Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Possenti I, Scala M, Carreras G, Bagnardi V, Bosetti C, Gorini G, Maci C, Malevolti MC, Odone A, Smits L, Specchia C, Gallus S, Lugo A. Exposure to second-hand smoke and breast cancer risk in non-smoking women: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02732-5. [PMID: 38942988 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Through the use of an innovative method to identify original publications, we conducted a meta-analysis of all epidemiological studies evaluating the association between second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure and breast cancer risk among female non-smokers published in English up to October 2022. Pooled relative risks (RR) were obtained through the use of random-effects models. Dose-response relationships were derived using log-linear functions. Out of 73 identified eligible studies, 63 original articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR for breast cancer for overall exposure to SHS was 1.24 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.15-1.34, number of articles, n = 52). Regarding the setting of exposure, RRs were 1.17 (95% CI 1.08-1.27, n = 37) for SHS exposure at home, 1.03 (95% CI 0.98-1.08, n = 15) at the workplace, 1.24 (95% CI 1.11-1.37, n = 16) at home or workplace, and 1.45 (95% CI 1.16-1.80, n = 13) for non-specified settings. The risk of breast cancer increased linearly with higher duration (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.04-1.59 for 40 years of SHS exposure, n = 12), intensity (RR 1.38; 95% CI 1.14-1.67 for 20 cigarettes of SHS exposure per day, n = 6), and pack-years (RR 1.50; 95% CI 0.92-2.45 for 40 SHS pack-years, n = 6) of SHS exposure. This meta-analysis shows a statistically significant excess risk of breast cancer in women exposed to SHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Possenti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Scala
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carreras
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Caterina Maci
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | | | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luc Smits
- Faculty Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Specchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Eng C, Yoshino T, Ruíz-García E, Mostafa N, Cann CG, O'Brian B, Benny A, Perez RO, Cremolini C. Colorectal cancer. Lancet 2024:S0140-6736(24)00360-X. [PMID: 38909621 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite decreased incidence rates in average-age onset patients in high-income economies, colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in the world, with increasing rates in emerging economies. Furthermore, early onset colorectal cancer (age ≤50 years) is of increasing concern globally. Over the past decade, research advances have increased biological knowledge, treatment options, and overall survival rates. The increase in life expectancy is attributed to an increase in effective systemic therapy, improved treatment selection, and expanded locoregional surgical options. Ongoing developments are focused on the role of sphincter preservation, precision oncology for molecular alterations, use of circulating tumour DNA, analysis of the gut microbiome, as well as the role of locoregional strategies for colorectal cancer liver metastases. This overview is to provide a general multidisciplinary perspective of clinical advances in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Eng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Takayuki Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumors and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Christopher G Cann
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brittany O'Brian
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amala Benny
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Chiara Cremolini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Collatuzzo G, Rashidian H, Hadji M, Naghibzadeh A, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Boffetta P, Zendehdel K. Cigarettes and waterpipe use and risk of colorectal cancer in Iran: the IROPICAN study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00156. [PMID: 38870041 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between cigarettes and waterpipe use and colorectal cancer (CRC) in an Iranian population. We analyzed data from a multicenter hospital-based case-control study in Iran (IROPICAN). Data on tobacco smoking, including cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking, were collected in detail. Multivariate logistic regressions estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between cigarette and waterpipe smoking and CRC, accounting for confounders including age, sex, socioeconomic status, opium use, marital status, family history of cancer, red meat, fiber, body shape at age 15 and perceived physical workload, and each other of the two exposures. The study population consisted of 3215 controls and 848 cases, including 455 colon and 393 rectum cancers. We found no association between CRC and cigarette smoking (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.6-1.0) or waterpipe smoking (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.9-1.5). Analysis by categories of cigarette pack-year and frequency of waterpipe smoking (head-year) did not show associations. We observed an inverse association between colon cancer and cigarette smoking (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.5-0.9). There was, however, no significant association by pack-year categories. Cigarette and waterpipe smoking was not associated with CRC in the Iranian population. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of waterpipe on CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hamideh Rashidian
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hadji
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ahmad Naghibzadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Possenti I, Scala M, Rognoni M, Lugo A, Cattaruzza MS, Molinaro S, Odone A, Smits LJM, Zagà V, Gallus S, d’Oro LC. Analysis of the direct economic impact of smoking-related hospitalizations in Italy. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-96. [PMID: 38832050 PMCID: PMC11145629 DOI: 10.18332/tid/188111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco-related diseases have a substantial economic impact in terms of medical expenses, loss of productivity, and premature death. Tobacco use is estimated to be responsible for more than 90000 deaths each year in Italy. We aimed to evaluate the annual direct economic impact on the National Health System of hospitalizations attributable to tobacco smoking in Italy. METHODS We analyzed data from all the hospitalizations of patients aged ≥30 years that occurred in Italy for 12 selected tobacco-related diseases, during 2018. These diseases included oropharyngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, laryngeal cancer, ischemic heart disease, stroke, diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries, pneumonia and influenza, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We obtained information on 984322 hospital discharge records, including each hospitalization's direct costs. Using relative risk estimates from the scientific literature, we computed the population attributable fraction for various tobacco-related diseases to estimate the economic impact attributable to tobacco smoking. RESULTS One-third of all hospitalizations occurred in 2018 in Italy among people aged ≥30 years for 12 tobacco-related diseases were found to be attributable to smoking, accounting for a total cost of €1.64 billion. Among the diseases considered, those with the highest expenditures attributable to tobacco smoking were ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lung cancer, accounting for €556 million, €290 million, and €229 million, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco has a substantial economic impact in Italy, accounting for around 6% of the total cost of hospitalizations in 2018. This figure is expected to be largely underestimated due to several conservative assumptions adopted in the statistical analyses. It is imperative to prioritize comprehensive tobacco control measures to counteract the huge healthcare costs due to tobacco smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Possenti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Scala
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Magda Rognoni
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority (ATS - Agenzia per la Tutela della Salute) Brianza, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria S. Cattaruzza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Molinaro
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luc J. M. Smits
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Cavalieri d’Oro
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Authority (ATS - Agenzia per la Tutela della Salute) Brianza, Monza, Italy
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Ruiz-Belmonte LM, Carrera-Lasfuentes P, Cebollada-Solanas A, Scarpignato C, Lanas A, Gargallo-Puyuelo CJ. Predictive Score for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia Based on Cardiovascular and Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2887. [PMID: 38792429 PMCID: PMC11122001 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer (CRC) are significant health problems and share some risk factors. The aim of our study was to develop and validate a predictive score for advanced colorectal neoplasia (CRN) based on risk factors for cardiovascular disease and CRC. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising a derivation cohort and an external validation cohort of 1049 and 308 patients, respectively. A prediction score for advanced CRN (CRNAS: Colorectal Neoplasia Advanced Score) was developed from a logistic regression model, comprising sex, age, first-degree family history for CRC, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, body mass index, diabetes, smoking, and antihypertensive treatment. Other cardiovascular risk scores (Framingham-Wilson, REGICOR, SCORE, and FRESCO) were also used to predict the risk of advanced CRN. The discriminatory capacity of each score was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). Results: CRN were found in 379 subjects from the derivation cohort (36%), including 228 patients (22%) with an advanced CRN. Male sex, age, diabetes, and smoking were identified as independent risk factors for advanced CRN. The newly created score (CRNAS) showed an AUC of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.64-0.73) for advanced CRN, which was better than cardiovascular risk scores (p < 0.001). In the validation cohort, the AUC of CRNAS for advanced CRN was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.57-0.76). Conclusions: The newly validated CRNAS has a better discriminatory capacity to predict advanced CRN than cardiovascular scores. It may be useful for selecting candidates for screening colonoscopy, especially in those with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M. Ruiz-Belmonte
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Paseo Isabel La Católica, 1–3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Cebollada-Solanas
- Unidad de Biocomputación, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS/IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Carmelo Scarpignato
- Department of Health Sciences, United Campus of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | - Angel Lanas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lozano Blesa University Clinical Hospital, Av: San Juan Bosco, 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.L.); (C.J.G.-P.)
- Institute of Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carla J. Gargallo-Puyuelo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lozano Blesa University Clinical Hospital, Av: San Juan Bosco, 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.L.); (C.J.G.-P.)
- Institute of Health Research Aragon (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Zhang X, Wu Z, Wang X, Xin B, Hu P, Yin Y, He S, Ren M. Causal associations between dietary factors and colorectal cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1388732. [PMID: 38751740 PMCID: PMC11094808 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1388732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous epidemiological studies have found a link between colorectal cancer (CRC) and human dietary habits. However, the inherent limitations and inevitable confounding factors of the observational studies may lead to the inaccurate and doubtful results. The causality of dietary factors to CRC remains elusive. Methods We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses utilizing the data sets from the IEU Open GWAS project. The exposure datasets included alcoholic drinks per week, processed meat intake, beef intake, poultry intake, oily fish intake, non-oily fish intake, lamb/mutton intake, pork intake, cheese intake, bread intake, tea intake, coffee intake, cooked vegetable intake, cereal intake, fresh fruit intake, salad/raw vegetable intake, and dried fruit intake. In our MR analyses, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analytical approach. The weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, and simple mode were also applied to quality control. Heterogeneity and pleiotropic analyses were implemented to replenish the accuracy of the results. Results MR consequences revealed that alcoholic drinks per week [odds ratio (OR): 1.565, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.068-2.293, p = 0.022], non-oily fish intake (OR: 0.286; 95% CI: 0.095-0.860; p = 0.026), fresh fruit intake (OR: 0.513; 95% CI: 0.273-0.964; p = 0.038), cereal intake (OR: 0.435; 95% CI: 0.253-0.476; p = 0.003) and dried fruit intake (OR: 0.522; 95% CI: 0.311-0.875; p = 0.014) was causally correlated with the risk of CRC. No other significant relationships were obtained. The sensitivity analyses proposed the absence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy, demonstrating the reliability of the MR results. Conclusion This study indicated that alcoholic drinks were associated with an increased risk of CRC, while non-oily fish intake, fresh fruit intake, cereal intake, and dried fruit were associated with a decreased risk of CRC. This study also indicated that other dietary factors included in this research were not associated with CRC. The current study is the first to establish the link between comprehensive diet-related factors and CRC at the genetic level, offering novel clues for interpreting the genetic etiology of CRC and replenishing new perspectives for the clinical practice of gastrointestinal disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shannxi Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease (Cancer Division), Xi’an, China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Shannxi Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease (Cancer Division), Xi’an, China
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangrui Wang
- Shannxi Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease (Cancer Division), Xi’an, China
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Binglong Xin
- Shanxi Institute of Science and Technology, Jincheng, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Surgery, Dangtu Central Health Center, Ma’anshan, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shannxi Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease (Cancer Division), Xi’an, China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shannxi Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease (Cancer Division), Xi’an, China
| | - Mudan Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shannxi Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease (Cancer Division), Xi’an, China
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Bouvette C, Kosirog J, Yohannan B, Grossen A, Ali IA, Madhoun M. High-risk smoking in the United States: Nicotine staining predicts increased colonic adenomas and advanced adenomas on colonoscopy. Prev Med 2024; 182:107950. [PMID: 38583603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is linked with numerous adverse health effects. Nicotine staining on fingers or teeth is thought to suggest active or heavy smoking. The significance of nicotine staining within gastroenterology remains unclear. AIM We set out to establish the predictive value of nicotine staining for adenomas and advanced adenomas. METHODS This was a cross-section study of patients who underwent colonoscopy at the Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center from November 2019 to November 2020. Pre-procedure patient survey ascertained current smoking status. Endoscopist performed a nicotine staining survey upon completion of the respective colonoscopy. Chart review allowed determination of patient demographics, comorbidities, and colonoscopy findings. Patients without smoking history were assigned to a control cohort. We applied one-way analysis of variance when comparing the mean of continuous variables and the Chi-square test when comparing categorical variables. Lastly, we used stepwise logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratio. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Compared to those without smoking history or evidence of nicotine staining, patients with positive nicotine staining were older (P = 0.03), leaner (P < 0.0001), and more likely to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P < 0.0001) or history of alcohol abuse (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, presence of nicotine staining independently predicted increased likelihood of multiple adenomas (OR 1.5, 95% CI [1.2-1.9]) and advanced adenomas (OR 1.6, 95% CI [1.2-2.2]). CONCLUSION This marks the first investigation of nicotine staining within gastroenterology. We have demonstrated that the presence of nicotine staining independently predicts numerous adenomas and advanced adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Bouvette
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 921 NE 13(th) Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Boulevard AAT 6300, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Justin Kosirog
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 921 NE 13(th) Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Boulevard AAT 7400, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Bryce Yohannan
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 921 NE 13(th) Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Boulevard AAT 7400, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Alyssa Grossen
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 921 NE 13(th) Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Boulevard AAT 7400, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Ijlal Akbar Ali
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 921 NE 13(th) Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Boulevard AAT 7400, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Mohammad Madhoun
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 921 NE 13(th) Street, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young Boulevard AAT 7400, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Malyutina S, Chervova O, Maximov V, Nikitenko T, Ryabikov A, Voevoda M. Blood-Based Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Incident Colorectal Cancer Risk: Findings from a Population-Based Case-Control Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4850. [PMID: 38732069 PMCID: PMC11084311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the association between epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) derived from DNA methylation and the risk of incident colorectal cancer (CRC). We utilized data from a random population sample of 9,360 individuals (men and women, aged 45-69) from the HAPIEE Study who had been followed up for 16 years. A nested case-control design yielded 35 incident CRC cases and 354 matched controls. Six baseline epigenetic age (EA) measures (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, Skin and Blood (SB), BLUP, and Elastic Net (EN)) were calculated along with their respective EAAs. After adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) for CRC risk per decile increase in EAA ranged from 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04-1.39) to 1.44 (95% CI: 1.21-1.76) for the Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and BLUP measures. Conversely, the SB and EN EAA measures showed borderline inverse associations with ORs of 0.86-0.87 (95% CI: 0.76-0.99). Tertile analysis reinforced a positive association between CRC risk and four EAA measures (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and BLUP) and a modest inverse relationship with EN EAA. Our findings from a prospective population-based-case-control study indicate a direct association between incident CRC and four markers of accelerated baseline epigenetic age. In contrast, two markers showed a negative association or no association. These results warrant further exploration in larger cohorts and may have implications for CRC risk assessment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Malyutina
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia; (V.M.); (T.N.); (A.R.); (M.V.)
| | | | - Vladimir Maximov
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia; (V.M.); (T.N.); (A.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Tatiana Nikitenko
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia; (V.M.); (T.N.); (A.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Andrew Ryabikov
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia; (V.M.); (T.N.); (A.R.); (M.V.)
| | - Mikhail Voevoda
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia; (V.M.); (T.N.); (A.R.); (M.V.)
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10
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Roshandel G, Ghasemi-Kebria F, Malekzadeh R. Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1530. [PMID: 38672612 PMCID: PMC11049480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13135, Iran
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11
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Wilcox NS, Amit U, Reibel JB, Berlin E, Howell K, Ky B. Cardiovascular disease and cancer: shared risk factors and mechanisms. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x. [PMID: 38600368 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, and these conditions are increasingly recognized to be fundamentally interconnected. In this Review, we present the current epidemiological data for each of the modifiable risk factors shared by the two diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, diet, physical activity and the social determinants of health. We then review the epidemiological data demonstrating the increased risk of CVD in patients with cancer, as well as the increased risk of cancer in patients with CVD. We also discuss the shared mechanisms implicated in the development of these conditions, highlighting their inherent bidirectional relationship. We conclude with a perspective on future research directions for the field of cardio-oncology to advance the care of patients with CVD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Wilcox
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Uri Amit
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob B Reibel
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eva Berlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kendyl Howell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bonnie Ky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Hu L, Wu S, Zhang Y, Xia X, Shu Y, He Q, Manshan H, Kuo Z, Zhao Y, Wang P, Li Y, Wang C, Su K, Han H, Yuan J, Xiang J, Xia B. Associations of maternal and personal smoking with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk and life expectancy: a prospective cohort study. Public Health 2024; 229:144-150. [PMID: 38442596 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the individual and combined effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) and personal smoking on mortality and life expectancy. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study based on the UK Biobank, with a median follow-up of 12.47 years. METHODS This study employed multivariate Cox regression to determine the relative risks of mortality from all causes and specific diseases according to maternal and/or personal smoking status and pack-years of smoking (0, 1-20, 21-30, >30). Additionally, this study estimated the additive interaction between the two exposures. Life table analyses were performed using the estimated age-specific mortality rates to forecast life expectancy. RESULTS Results indicated that MSDP elevated the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.09-1.15) and mortality due to neoplasms (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06-1.12), circulatory (HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06-1.19), respiratory (HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.16-1.40) and digestive system diseases (HR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08-1.38). Notably, both multiplicative and additive interactions were observed between maternal and personal smoking, with Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI) values for mortality from all causes, neoplasms, circulatory, and respiratory diseases being 0.21, 0.22, 0.16, and 0.76, respectively. This study also found a trend towards shorter gained life expectancy when maternal smoking and increasing pack-years of personal smoking were combined. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort study of UK Biobank, MSDP was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and reduced life expectancy, suggesting that quitting smoking during pregnancy might have health and longevity benefits for both generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linmin Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Siqing Wu
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuedan Xia
- Clinical Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yuelong Shu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Pekina Union Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Qiangsheng He
- Clinical Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Big Data Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Chinese Health Risk Management Collaboration (CHRIMAC), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Huang Manshan
- Department of Stomatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zicong Kuo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yingya Zhao
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunliang Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Kai Su
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Hengyi Han
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- Clinical Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Big Data Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Chinese Health Risk Management Collaboration (CHRIMAC), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
| | - Jianbang Xiang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Bin Xia
- Clinical Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Big Data Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Chinese Health Risk Management Collaboration (CHRIMAC), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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13
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Márquez-González RM, Saucedo-Sariñana AM, de Jesús Tovar-Jacome C, Barros-Núñez P, Gallegos-Arreola MP, Orozco-Gutiérrez MH, Mariscal-Ramírez I, Pineda-Razo TD, Alcaraz-Wong AA, Marín-Contreras ME, Rosales-Reynoso MA. NME1 and DCC variants are associated with susceptibility and tumor characteristics in Mexican patients with colorectal cancer. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2024; 36:10. [PMID: 38556604 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-024-00213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in cancer incidence globally and is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (NME1) and netrin 1 receptor (DCC) genes have been associated with resistance against tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. This study investigates the potential association between NME1 (rs34214448 G > T and rs2302254 C > T) and DCC (rs2229080 G > C and rs714 A > G) variants and susceptibility to colorectal cancer development. METHODS Samples from 232 colorectal cancer patients and 232 healthy blood donors underwent analysis. Variants were identified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methodology. Associations were assessed using odds ratios (OR), and the p values were adjusted with Bonferroni test. RESULTS Individuals carrying the G/T and T/T genotypes for the NME1 rs34214448 variant exhibited a higher susceptibility for develop colorectal cancer (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.76-4.09, P = 0.001 and OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.37-4.47, P = 0.001, respectively). These genotypes showed significant associations in patients over 50 years (OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.81-4.54, P = 0.001 and OR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.54-5.79, P = 0.001 respectively) and with early Tumor-Nodule-Metastasis (TNM) stage (P = 0.001), and tumor location in the rectum (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the DCC rs2229080 variant revealed that carriers of the G/C genotype had an increased risk for develop colorectal cancer (OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.28-3.11, P = 0.002) and were associated with age over 50 years, sex, and advanced TNM stages (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the NME1 rs34214448 and DCC rs2229080 variants play a significant role in colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa María Márquez-González
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Colonia Independencia Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 800, Jalisco, CP, 44340, México
| | - Anilú Margarita Saucedo-Sariñana
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Colonia Independencia Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 800, Jalisco, CP, 44340, México
| | - César de Jesús Tovar-Jacome
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Colonia Independencia Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 800, Jalisco, CP, 44340, México
| | - Patricio Barros-Núñez
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud. Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Martha Patricia Gallegos-Arreola
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mario Humberto Orozco-Gutiérrez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Colonia Independencia Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 800, Jalisco, CP, 44340, México
| | - Ignacio Mariscal-Ramírez
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Tomas Daniel Pineda-Razo
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Aldo Antonio Alcaraz-Wong
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - María Eugenia Marín-Contreras
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mónica Alejandra Rosales-Reynoso
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Colonia Independencia Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 800, Jalisco, CP, 44340, México.
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14
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Rota M, Possenti I, Valsassina V, Santucci C, Bagnardi V, Corrao G, Bosetti C, Specchia C, Gallus S, Lugo A. Dose-response association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:197-209. [PMID: 38231449 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aims at providing an accurate and up-to-date quantification of the dose-response association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer (GC) risk, overall and by subsite. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies on the association between cigarette smoking and GC risk published up to January 2023. We estimated pooled relative risks (RR) of GC and its subsites according to smoking status, intensity, duration, and time since quitting. Among 271 eligible articles, 205 original studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with never smokers, the pooled RR for GC was 1.53 (95% confidence interval; CI 1.44-1.62; n = 92) for current and 1.30 (95% CI 1.23-1.37; n = 82) for former smokers. The RR for current compared with never smokers was 2.08 (95% CI 1.66-2.61; n = 21) for gastric cardia and 1.48 (95% CI 1.33-1.66; n = 8) for distal stomach cancer. GC risk nonlinearly increased with smoking intensity up to 20 cigarettes/day (RR:1.69; 95% CI 1.55-1.84) and levelled thereafter. GC risk significantly increased linearly with increasing smoking duration (RR: 1.31; 95% CI 1.25-1.37 for 20 years) and significantly decreased linearly with increasing time since quitting (RR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.44-0.95 for 30 years since cessation). The present meta-analysis confirms that cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for GC, particularly for gastric cardia. GC risk increases with a low number of cigarettes up to 20 cigarettes/day and increases in a dose-dependent manner with smoking duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Rota
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università Degli Studi Di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Irene Possenti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Valsassina
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Santucci
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Università Degli Studi Di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corrao
- Laboratory of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- National Centre of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Specchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università Degli Studi Di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Papadimitriou N, Qu C, Harrison TA, Bever AM, Martin RM, Tsilidis KK, Newcomb PA, Thibodeau SN, Newton CC, Um CY, Obón-Santacana M, Moreno V, Brenner H, Mandic M, Chang-Claude J, Hoffmeister M, Pellatt AJ, Schoen RE, Harlid S, Ogino S, Ugai T, Buchanan DD, Lynch BM, Gruber SB, Cao Y, Hsu L, Huyghe JR, Lin Y, Steinfelder RS, Sun W, Van Guelpen B, Zaidi SH, Toland AE, Berndt SI, Huang WY, Aglago EK, Drew DA, French AJ, Georgeson P, Giannakis M, Hullar M, Nowak JA, Thomas CE, Le Marchand L, Cheng I, Gallinger S, Jenkins MA, Gunter MJ, Campbell PT, Peters U, Song M, Phipps AI, Murphy N. Body size and risk of colorectal cancer molecular defined subtypes and pathways: Mendelian randomization analyses. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:105010. [PMID: 38350331 PMCID: PMC10874711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been positively associated with most molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the magnitude and the causality of these associations is uncertain. METHODS We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine potential causal relationships between body size traits (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, and body fat percentage) with risks of Jass classification types and individual subtypes of CRC (microsatellite instability [MSI] status, CpG island methylator phenotype [CIMP] status, BRAF and KRAS mutations). Summary data on tumour markers were obtained from two genetic consortia (CCFR, GECCO). FINDINGS A 1-standard deviation (SD:5.1 kg/m2) increment in BMI levels was found to increase risks of Jass type 1MSI-high,CIMP-high,BRAF-mutated,KRAS-wildtype (odds ratio [OR]: 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46, 3.13; p-value = 9 × 10-5) and Jass type 2non-MSI-high,CIMP-high,BRAF-mutated,KRAS-wildtype CRC (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.86; p-value = 0.005). The magnitude of these associations was stronger compared with Jass type 4non-MSI-high,CIMP-low/negative,BRAF-wildtype,KRAS-wildtype CRC (p-differences: 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). A 1-SD (SD:13.4 cm) increment in waist circumference increased risk of Jass type 3non-MSI-high,CIMP-low/negative,BRAF-wildtype,KRAS-mutated (OR 1.73, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.25; p-value = 9 × 10-5) that was stronger compared with Jass type 4 CRC (p-difference: 0.03). A higher body fat percentage (SD:8.5%) increased risk of Jass type 1 CRC (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.49, 4.48; p-value = 0.001), which was greater than Jass type 4 CRC (p-difference: 0.03). INTERPRETATION Body size was more strongly linked to the serrated (Jass types 1 and 2) and alternate (Jass type 3) pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis in comparison to the traditional pathway (Jass type 4). FUNDING Cancer Research UK, National Institute for Health Research, Medical Research Council, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, American Institute for Cancer Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Prevent Cancer Foundation, Victorian Cancer Agency, Swedish Research Council, Swedish Cancer Society, Region Västerbotten, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Lion's Cancer Research Foundation, Insamlingsstiftelsen, Umeå University. Full funding details are provided in acknowledgements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Papadimitriou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Conghui Qu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tabitha A Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alaina M Bever
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Medical School, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christina C Newton
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caroline Y Um
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mireia Obón-Santacana
- Unit of Biomarkers and Suceptibility (UBS), Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain; ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- Unit of Biomarkers and Suceptibility (UBS), Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain; ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marko Mandic
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Cancer Centre Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrew J Pellatt
- Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sophia Harlid
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Immunology Program, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brigid M Lynch
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert S Steinfelder
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Syed H Zaidi
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elom K Aglago
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David A Drew
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy J French
- Division of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter Georgeson
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meredith Hullar
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johnathan A Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire E Thomas
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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16
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Khraiwesh H, Abdelrahim DN, Mahmoud IF, Faris M. Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices toward Colorectal Cancer and Its Dietary and Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors among Jordanian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 2024:4503448. [PMID: 38405266 PMCID: PMC10883744 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4503448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising, and it is a leading cause of mortality, with greater death rates pronounced in developing countries, including Jordan. Understanding knowledge and awareness of etiologic factors, unhealthy lifestyles, and dietary patterns is crucial for combating ailments. Hence, this study is aimed at investigating the level of knowledge and awareness of CRC-related risk factors, practices, and possible associations of studied variables among young Jordanians. Methodology. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted using an online self-reported assessment of anthropometrics, knowledge, awareness, and dietary and lifestyle practices toward CRC and its related risk factors. Results A study of 795 Jordanian university students found that 93.8% were Jordanians, 73.0% were female, aged 18-24, and single. Most participants were from medical and science schools (69.4%). The vast majority (about 84%) were found to have good knowledge and awareness of CRC and its risk factors, but this was not reflected in their dietary practices. There are significant differences in physical activity, smoking, vegetable consumption, and serving sizes of red meat and processed meats between the sexes. Academic study specialties significantly impact knowledge and awareness. Conclusion The study reveals that while young Jordanian university students have good knowledge and awareness about CRC and its risk factors, these levels are not reflected in their dietary behaviors and food choices for CRC prevention, highlighting the need for national programs to improve these practices, particularly in the younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Khraiwesh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa' Applied University, Salt, Jordan
| | - Dana N. Abdelrahim
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Iman F. Mahmoud
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - MoezAlIslam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Botteri E, Peveri G, Berstad P, Bagnardi V, Hoff G, Heath AK, Cross AJ, Vineis P, Dossus L, Johansson M, Freisling H, Matta K, Huybrechts I, Chen SLF, B Borch K, Sandanger TM, H Nøst T, Dahm CC, Antoniussen CS, Tin Tin S, Fournier A, Marques C, Artaud F, Sánchez MJ, Guevara M, Santiuste C, Agudo A, Bajracharya R, Katzke V, Ricceri F, Agnoli C, Bergmann MM, Schulze MB, Panico S, Masala G, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Stocks T, Manjer J, Aizpurua-Atxega A, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Gunter MJ, Ferrari P. Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Eur J Epidemiol 2024; 39:147-159. [PMID: 38180593 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers-including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others-using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median time between the two questionnaires was 5.7 years, median age at follow-up questionnaire was 59 years. After the follow-up questionnaire, we observed 14,933 lifestyle-related cancers over a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each unit increase in the HLI score was associated with 4% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.96; 95%CI 0.95-0.97). Among participants in the top HLI third at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom third at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had 21% higher risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 1.21; 95%CI 1.07-1.37) than those remaining in the top third. Among participants in the bottom HLI third at baseline, those in the top third at follow-up had 25% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.65-0.86) than those remaining in the bottom third. These results indicate that lifestyle changes in middle age may have a significant impact on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Botteri
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giulia Peveri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Berstad
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Geir Hoff
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laure Dossus
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Komodo Matta
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Sairah L F Chen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin B Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese H Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing , NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Sandar Tin Tin
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Agnès Fournier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Chloé Marques
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fanny Artaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, 31003, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarre Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Santiuste
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group; Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rashmita Bajracharya
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanja Stocks
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Amaia Aizpurua-Atxega
- Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
- Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, 25, Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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Bolwell J, Butler R, Burke CA, Liska D, Macaron C. Risk Factors Associated with Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Adults Younger than Age 45. J Clin Gastroenterol 2024:00004836-990000000-00254. [PMID: 38227841 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is rising in young adults between ages 20 to 49 years. CRC screening is endorsed for average-risk individuals beginning at ages 45 to 49 years. Targeting screening for individuals <45 years may be warranted if risk factors for advanced neoplasia can be identified. AIM To identify factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia in adults aged <45 years. METHOD Individuals ages 18 to 44 years who underwent colonoscopy at Cleveland Clinic between 2011 and 2021 with ≥1 advanced neoplasm (AN) were included. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or inherited CRC syndromes were excluded. Demographics, comorbidities, family history of CRC, and colonoscopy indication were obtained. Patients with a normal colonoscopy constituted the control group. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between clinical variables and the presence of advanced colorectal neoplasia. RESULTS In all, 13,006 patients were included, of which 651 (5%) patients had AN: 404 (62%) with tubular adenoma ≥10 mm, 29 (4.5%) tubular adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, 210 (32%) tubulovillous adenomas, 27 (4%) traditional serrated adenomas, 82 (13%) sessile serrated lesions ≥10 mm, 7(2%) sessile serrated lesions with dysplasia, and 29 (4.4%) patients had a CRC. Factors associated with AN were older age (means 38.5 vs. 36.6 y), history of smoking, diabetes, non-White race, higher body mass index (29.9 vs. 28.5 kg/m2), and lower vitamin D (27.6 vs. 32.2 ng/dl), all P<0.001. In the reduced multivariable model, factors associated with AN included tobacco use (OR 2.026 (current vs. never, P<0.0001), age (OR increase by 1.06 per year, P<0.0001), male gender (OR 1.476, P<0.0001), family history of CRC (OR 3.91, P<0.0001), aspirin use (1.31, P=0.035), and diabetes (OR 2.106, P 0.001). CONCLUSION Increasing age, male gender, exposure to tobacco, family history of CRC, diabetes, and aspirin use were independently associated with advanced neoplasia in adults younger than 45. Targeted early screening to young adults with these risk factors may be justified. Large collaborative prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Butler
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Carol A Burke
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute
- Sanford R. Weiss MD Center for Hereditary Colorectal Neoplasia
- Young Onset Colorectal Cancer Center, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute
| | - David Liska
- Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute
- Sanford R. Weiss MD Center for Hereditary Colorectal Neoplasia
- Young Onset Colorectal Cancer Center, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute
| | - Carole Macaron
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Sanford R. Weiss MD Center for Hereditary Colorectal Neoplasia
- Young Onset Colorectal Cancer Center, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute
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Liu Y, Si M, Qian Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Zhang T, Wang Z, Ye K, Xiang C, Xu L, Zhang Y, Xiao Z. Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis investigating the genetic association between primary breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1260941. [PMID: 38283349 PMCID: PMC10811019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the advancement in early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for individuals diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) has improved significantly. The prognosis of primary breast cancer (PBC) survivors can be significantly influenced by the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) as a secondary primary cancer (SPC). The objective of this study is to explore the possible genetic association between PBC and CRC, aiming to lay a groundwork for the development of preventive strategies against SPC-CRC following BC surgery. Methods We employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to thoroughly examine genetic instrumental variables (IVs) derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted on PBC and CRC. And applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) and multiple other MR methods (weighted median, simple median, MR-PRESSO and MR-RAPS) to evaluate the association between the two cancers (PBC and CRC) at genetic level. Furthermore, the robustness of the findings was further confirmed through the utilization of the genetic risk score (GRS) method in a secondary analysis. Results Forward MR analysis, a total of 179 BC genetic IVs, 25 estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) genetic IVs and 135 ER-positive (ER+) genetic IVs were screened. Reverse MR analysis, 179 genetic IVs of CRC, 25 genetic IVs of colon cancer, 135 genetic IVs of rectal cancer, 25 genetic IVs of left colon cancer and 135 genetic IVs of right colon cancer were screened. IVW and other MR methods found no significant genetic association between PBC and CRC (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis also showed that ER- BC and ER+ BC were not correlated with the occurrence of CRC (P > 0.05). The findings of the secondary analysis using GRS were consistent with those obtained from the primary analysis, thereby confirming the robustness and reliability of this study. Conclusions Our findings do not provide any evidence supporting the association between PBC and CRC at the genetic level. Further large-scale prospective studies are warranted to replicate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Digestive System, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Mingxuan Si
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zichen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhuan Wang
- Department of Digestive System, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Kun Ye
- Department of Digestive System, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Cuijuan Xiang
- Department of Digestive System, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Department of Digestive System, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Digestive System, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Zhihan Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wuhu Second People’s Hospital, Wuhu, China
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20
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Wang SY, Zhang WS, Jiang CQ, Jin YL, Zhu T, Zhu F, Xu L. Association of Measures of Glucose Metabolism with Colorectal Cancer Risk in Older Chinese: A 13-Year Follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Substudy and Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:134-145. [PMID: 38173369 PMCID: PMC10850277 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Abnormal glucose metabolism is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, association of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with CRC risk remains under-reported. We examined the association between glycemic indicators (HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, 2-hour glucose, 2-hour insulin, and homeostasis model of risk assessment-insulin resistance index) and CRC risk using prospective analysis and meta-analysis. METHODS Participants (n=1,915) from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Substudy were included. CRC events were identified through record linkage. Cox regression was used to assess the associations of glycemic indicators with CRC risk. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between HbA1c and CRC risk. RESULTS During an average of 12.9 years follow-up (standard deviation, 2.8), 42 incident CRC cases occurred. After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) of CRC for per % increment in HbA1c was 1.28 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.63) in overall population, 1.51 (95% CI, 1.13 to 2.02) in women and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.68) in men. No significant association of other measures of glycemic indicators and baseline diabetes with CRC risk was found. Meta-analyses of 523,857 participants including our results showed that per % increment of HbA1c was associated with 13% higher risk of CRC, with the pooled risk ratio being 1.13 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.27). Subgroupanalyses found stronger associations in women, colon cancer, Asians, and case-control studies. CONCLUSION Higher HbA1c was a significant predictor of CRC in the general population. Our findings shed light on the pathology of glucose metabolism and CRC, which warrants more in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Sen Zhang
- Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Qiang Jiang
- Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Li Jin
- Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Centre, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Liao W, Wang Y, Zhang W. Serum uric acid and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:19-28. [PMID: 37669167 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A meta-analysis was performed in this study to evaluate the association between serum uric acid and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Relevant observational studies observing the relationship between uric acid and the incidence of CRC were obtained by the search of electronic databases, including Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science . A randomized-effects model was selected to pool the data by incorporating the influence of potential heterogeneity. RESULTS Eight observational studies involving 1,226,379 adults were included. During a mean follow-up duration of 12.8 years, CRC was developed in 12349 (1.0%) participants. Pooled results showed that compared to those with the lowest category of serum uric acid at baseline, participants with the highest category of serum uric acid had an increased incidence of CRC during follow-up [risk ratio (RR), 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17-1.42; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%]. Sensitivity analysis limited to prospective cohort studies retrieved similar results (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.19-1.47; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent results in men and women, in estimates of the incidence of colon cancer and rectal cancer and in studies with different follow-up durations and quality scores ( P for subgroup differences all > 0.05). CONCLUSION Although the cutoff for defining a high uric acid varied among the included studies, results of the meta-analysis suggest that a high serum uric acid may be associated with an increased risk of CRC in an adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Luwan Branch, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Luwan Branch, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
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Aslanov H, Bayramov B, Reissfelder C, Abdullayeva S, Mammadova Z, Aliyev F, Keese M, Hajibabazade J, Yagublu V. MTHFR Gene C677T Polymorphism (rs1801133) and Susceptibility to Colorectal Polyps in an Azerbaijani Population. J Clin Med 2023; 13:219. [PMID: 38202226 PMCID: PMC10779477 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the relationships between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism, colorectal polyps, and CRC risk can aid in advancing personalized medicine approaches in CRC prevention. The aim of the current study is to identify the association of C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene with the risk of colorectal polyps in the Azerbaijani population. METHODS This study included 125 patients with colon polyps and 155 healthy individuals as a control group. DNA was extracted from venous blood samples obtained from patients and healthy individuals, and the results were analyzed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Wild-type, heterozygote, and homozygous mutant were revealed within 69 (55.2%), 49 (39.2%), and 7 (5.6%) patients and within 100 (64.5%), 45 (29%), and 10 (6.5%) healthy controls, respectively. However, no significant statistical associations were observed between CT and TT genotypes, dominant (CC vs. CT + TT) and recessive (CC + CT vs. TT) models, and the mutant T allele and disease risk. There were also no significant differences between patients and controls regarding age, sex, smoking and alcohol use. CONCLUSION Our research did not reveal any significant association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to colorectal polyps in the Azerbaijan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazi Aslanov
- Department of Surgery, Scientific Center of Surgery after academician M.A.Topchubashov, Baku AZ1122, Azerbaijan;
| | - Bayram Bayramov
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1106, Azerbaijan; (B.B.); (Z.M.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan
| | - Christoph Reissfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Shams Abdullayeva
- Department of Neurology, Westpfalz-Klinikum, 67655 Kaiserslautern, Germany;
| | - Zeynab Mammadova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1106, Azerbaijan; (B.B.); (Z.M.)
| | - Fikrat Aliyev
- Department of Pathomorphology, Scientific Center of Surgery after academician M.A.Topchubashov, Baku AZ1122, Azerbaijan;
| | - Michael Keese
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Theresienkrankenhaus, 68165 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Javahir Hajibabazade
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Bowen Science Building, 51 Newton, Road, Iowa City, IA 52242-1009, USA
| | - Vugar Yagublu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
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23
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Papadimitriou N, Kazmi N, Dimou N, Tsilidis KK, Martin RM, Lewis SJ, Lynch BM, Hoffmeister M, Kweon S, Li L, Milne RL, Sakoda LC, Schoen RE, Phipps AI, Figueiredo JC, Peters U, Dixon‐Suen SC, Gunter MJ, Murphy N. Leisure time television watching, computer use and risks of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer: A Mendelian randomisation analysis. Cancer Med 2023; 13:e6732. [PMID: 38155458 PMCID: PMC10807615 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviours have been associated with increased risks of some common cancers in epidemiological studies; however, it is unclear if these associations are causal. METHODS We used univariable and multivariable two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) to examine potential causal relationships between sedentary behaviours and risks of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer. Genetic variants associated with self-reported leisure television watching and computer use were identified from a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS). Data related to cancer risk were obtained from cancer GWAS consortia. A series of sensitivity analyses were applied to examine the robustness of the results to the presence of confounding. RESULTS A 1-standard deviation (SD: 1.5 h/day) increment in hours of television watching increased risk of breast cancer (OR per 1-SD: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.26) and colorectal cancer (OR per 1-SD: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.16-1.49) while there was little evidence of an association for prostate cancer risk (OR per 1-SD: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.84-1.06). After adjusting for years of education, the effect estimates for television watching were attenuated (breast cancer, OR per 1-SD: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.92-1.27; colorectal cancer, OR per 1-SD: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.90-1.31). Post hoc analyses showed that years of education might have a possible confounding and mediating role in the association between television watching with breast and colorectal cancer. Consistent results were observed for each cancer site according to sex (colorectal cancer), anatomical subsites and cancer subtypes. There was little evidence of associations between genetically predicted computer use and cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Our univariable analysis identified some positive associations between hours of television watching and risks of breast and colorectal cancer. However, further adjustment for additional lifestyle factors especially years of education attenuated these results. Future studies using objective measures of exposure can provide new insights into the possible role of sedentary behaviour in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Papadimitriou
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Nabila Kazmi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU)Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Niki Dimou
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina School of MedicineIoanninaGreece
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU)Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health SciencesBristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research CentreUniversity Hospitals Bristol, Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Sarah J. Lewis
- Department of Population Health SciencesBristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Brigid M. Lynch
- Cancer Epidemiology DivisionCancer Council VictoriaMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Physical Activity LaboratoryBaker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sun‐Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive MedicineChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuKorea
- Jeonnam Regional Cancer CenterChonnam National University Hwasun HospitalGwangjuKorea
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology DivisionCancer Council VictoriaMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Precision MedicineSchool of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Lori C. Sakoda
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCaliforniaUSA
- Public Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Robert E. Schoen
- Department of Medicine and EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Amanda I. Phipps
- Public Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jane C. Figueiredo
- Department of MedicineSamuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Suzanne C. Dixon‐Suen
- Cancer Epidemiology DivisionCancer Council VictoriaMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
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24
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Schlueter DJ, Sulieman L, Mo H, Keaton JM, Ferrara TM, Williams A, Qian J, Stubblefield O, Zeng C, Tran TC, Bastarache L, Dai J, Babbar A, Ramirez A, Goleva SB, Denny JC. Systematic replication of smoking disease associations using survey responses and EHR data in the All of Us Research Program. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2023; 31:139-153. [PMID: 37885303 PMCID: PMC10746325 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocad205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The All of Us Research Program (All of Us) aims to recruit over a million participants to further precision medicine. Essential to the verification of biobanks is a replication of known associations to establish validity. Here, we evaluated how well All of Us data replicated known cigarette smoking associations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We defined smoking exposure as follows: (1) an EHR Smoking exposure that used International Classification of Disease codes; (2) participant provided information (PPI) Ever Smoking; and, (3) PPI Current Smoking, both from the lifestyle survey. We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) for each smoking exposure measurement type. For each, we compared the effect sizes derived from the PheWAS to published meta-analyses that studied cigarette smoking from PubMed. We defined two levels of replication of meta-analyses: (1) nominally replicated: which required agreement of direction of effect size, and (2) fully replicated: which required overlap of confidence intervals. RESULTS PheWASes with EHR Smoking, PPI Ever Smoking, and PPI Current Smoking revealed 736, 492, and 639 phenome-wide significant associations, respectively. We identified 165 meta-analyses representing 99 distinct phenotypes that could be matched to EHR phenotypes. At P < .05, 74 were nominally replicated and 55 were fully replicated. At P < 2.68 × 10-5 (Bonferroni threshold), 58 were nominally replicated and 40 were fully replicated. DISCUSSION Most phenotypes found in published meta-analyses associated with smoking were nominally replicated in All of Us. Both survey and EHR definitions for smoking produced similar results. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of studying common exposures using All of Us data.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Schlueter
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lina Sulieman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Huan Mo
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- The Cohort Analytics Core (CAC), Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacob M Keaton
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tracey M Ferrara
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ariel Williams
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Onajia Stubblefield
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chenjie Zeng
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tam C Tran
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- The Cohort Analytics Core (CAC), Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jian Dai
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anav Babbar
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrea Ramirez
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Slavina B Goleva
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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25
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Liu Y, Lu L, Yang H, Wu X, Luo X, Shen J, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Cho CH, Li Q, Li X, Li W, Wang F, Sun Y, Gu L, Chen M, Li M. Dysregulation of immunity by cigarette smoking promotes inflammation and cancer: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 339:122730. [PMID: 37838314 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a serious global health issue. Cigarette smoking contains over 7000 different chemicals. The main harmful components include nicotine, acrolein, aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which play the key role for cigarette-induced inflammation and carcinogenesis. Growing evidences show that cigarette smoking and its components exert a remarkable impact on regulation of immunity and dysregulated immunity promotes inflammation and cancer. Therefore, this comprehensive and up-to-date review covers four interrelated topics, including cigarette smoking, inflammation, cancer and immune system. The known harmful chemicals from cigarette smoking were summarized. Importantly, we discussed in depth the impact of cigarette smoking on the formation of inflammatory or tumor microenvironment, primarily by affecting immune effector cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the main molecular mechanisms by which cigarette smoking induces inflammation and cancer, including changes in epigenetics, DNA damage and others were further summarized. This article will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of cigarette smoking on inducing inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Lu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianxiu Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanping Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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26
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Scala M, Bosetti C, Bagnardi V, Possenti I, Specchia C, Gallus S, Lugo A. Dose-response Relationships Between Cigarette Smoking and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:640-648. [PMID: 36967121 PMCID: PMC10635814 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The possible association between cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk has been quite controversial. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available observational studies published on the issue up to January 2020. Random-effects models were used to compute pooled relative risks (RRs) for cigarette smoking status and dose-risk relationships were evaluated using one-stage random-effects dose-response models. RESULTS A total of 169 studies were selected, providing a pooled RR for breast cancer of 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.10) for current, 1.08 (95% CI, 1.06-1.10) for former, and 1.09 (95% CI, 1.07-1.11) for ever smokers, compared to never smokers. Results were consistent in case-control and cohort studies. No meaningful differences were observed across strata of most covariates considered, nor according to relevant genetic mutations and polymorphisms (ie, BRCA mutation, N-acetyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase genotypes, and P53). Breast cancer risk increased linearly with intensity of smoking (RR 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08-1.16 for 20 cigarettes/day and 1.26; 95% CI, 1.17-1.36 for 40 cigarettes/day), and with increasing duration of smoking (RR 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03-1.08 for 20 years of smoking and 1.11; 95% CI, 1.06-1.16 for 40 years of smoking). CONCLUSION The present large and comprehensive meta-analysis-conducted using an innovative approach for study search-supports the evidence of a causal role of tobacco smoking on breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Scala
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Possenti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Specchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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27
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Li C, He J, Fu H, Chang H. Association between Vitamin B 6 and Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1874-1882. [PMID: 37904520 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2274134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Inconsistent findings have emerged from epidemiological research investigating the association between vitamin B6 and the risk of gastric cancer. To obtain a more precise assessment, we conducted a comprehensive search of published data and performed a meta-analysis. PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. A total of 12 studies (5 prospective cohort and 7 case-control studies) involving 5,692 cases and 814,157 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that high intake of vitamin B6 may reduce the odds of gastric cancer (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95, p = 0.006). However, this association was only observed in the case-control studies (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.89, p = 0.006) but not in the cohort studies (RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.94-1.08, p = 0.819). Additionally, the negative association between vitamin B6 intake and gastric cancer risk was found in the United States of America (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.62-0.82, p = 10-4), but not in Europe (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.74-1.05, p = 0.169) or the other regions (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.66-1.13, p = 0.280). In conclusion, there is not sufficient evidence to assume that vitamin B6 intake is associated with gastric cancer risk, which needs further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo He
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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28
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Yu S, Cheng J, Li P, Tian L, Chen Z, Chen Z, Li Y, Song J. Association study for the role of MMP8 gene polymorphisms in Colorectal cancer susceptibility. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1169. [PMID: 38031100 PMCID: PMC10688471 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11662-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, influenced by several genetic loci in its clinical phenotypes. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the MMP8 gene polymorphism and CRC risk in the Chinese Han population. METHOD This study recruited 688 CRC patients and 690 healthy controls. The relationship between MMP8 polymorphism and CRC susceptibility was assessed by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) after stratifying by age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption under a multi-genetic model. RESULTS MMP8 rs3740938 was associated with increased CRC predisposition (p = 0.016, OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.48), and this association was detected particularly in subjects aged > 60 years, females, people with BMI > 24 kg/m2, smokers, and drinkers. Moreover, rs3740938 was found to be associated with the pathological type of rectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results first displayed that rs3740938 in MMP8 was a risk factor for CRC predisposition. This finding may provide a new biological perspective for understanding the role of the MMP8 gene in CRC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyong Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jiajia Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Le Tian
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, 570100, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, No. 6019 Liuxian Avenue, Nanshan District, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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29
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Malevolti MC, Maci C, Lugo A, Possenti I, Gallus S, Gorini G, Carreras G. Second-hand smoke exposure and cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:14353-14363. [PMID: 37516982 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure and cervical cancer (CC) risk is still unclear. The aim of this study is to provide an accurate and updated estimate of this association. METHODS Through an original methodology to identify original publications, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all epidemiological studies published up to October 2022 evaluating the association between SHS exposure and CC risk among female non-smokers. Meta-analytic estimates were obtained using random-effects models and dose-response relationships were derived using log-linear functions. RESULTS Out of 25 eligible studies, 21 were included in the meta-analysis, providing a pooled relative risk (RR) of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of grade 2 or higher of 1.52 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.30-1.78, 21 studies) for overall SHS exposure versus non-exposure. When restricting the analysis to invasive CC, the pooled RR was 1.42 (95% CI 1.17-1.71, 13 studies), whereas the pooled RR for CIN was 1.50 (95% CI 1.22-1.84, 6 studies). Analyzing RR by setting or source of SHS exposure resulted in significant associations with CC risk for SHS exposure at home (RR for CIN2+ 1.49, 95% CI 1.21-1.84, 14 studies), in non-specified settings (RR for CIN2+ 1.64, 95% CI 1.20-2.23, 8 studies) and from partner (RR for CIN2+ 1.55, 95% CI 1.25-1.94, 10 studies). The risk of CIN2+ significantly increased linearly with the intensity and pack-years of SHS exposure. CONCLUSION This comprehensive review and meta-analysis confirmed the association of SHS exposure with CC, further suggesting the need to raise concern about SHS exposure in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Malevolti
- Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Caterina Maci
- Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Possenti
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Carreras
- Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio 2, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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Wu Y, Xu J, Tan B, Yi T, Liu S, Yang G, Li K, Zhao X. SMAD7 gene polymorphisms and their influence on patients with colorectal cancer. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2424-2435. [PMID: 38146644 PMCID: PMC10802200 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2296210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor, and its pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Studies have shown that SMAD7 gene polymorphisms can affect CRC susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent and require additional confirmation. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of SMAD7 variants on the risk of CRC in the Chinese Han population. A total of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SMAD7 were genotyped among 696 CRC patients and 696 healthy participants using the MassARRAY iPLEX platform. SNPs were evaluated for their associations with CRC using logistic regression analysis under multiple genetic models. The false-positive report probability (FPRP) analysis was used to validate the positive findings. Our study indicated that rs11874392 showed an increased association with CRC risk (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.67; p = 0.024). Stratified analysis showed that rs11874392 might increase the risk of CRC in females (OR = 1.70, p = 0.028), individuals with smoking (OR = 1.87, p = 0.026), and drinking (OR = 1.38, p = 0.027). The rs11874392 was found to be related to an elevated risk of rectal cancer (OR = 1.73, p = 0.003), but not with colon cancer. FPRP analysis demonstrated that all of these associations were statistically significant (FPRP <0.2). Additionally, rs11874392 was the strongest predictive model for CRC. This study provides evidence that the SMAD7 rs11874392 is related to an increased susceptibility to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- The Second Ward of Oncology and Hematology Department, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Jue Xu
- Department of Intrarenal Rheumatology and Immunology, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Biaobin Tan
- The Second Ward of Oncology and Hematology Department, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Ting Yi
- The Second Ward of Oncology and Hematology Department, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Su Liu
- The Second Ward of Oncology and Hematology Department, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Guang Yang
- The Second Ward of Oncology and Hematology Department, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Kai Li
- The Second Ward of Oncology and Hematology Department, The People’s Hospital of XiangXiang, Xiangxiang, China
| | - Xinhan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Zhou X, Xiao Q, Jiang F, Sun J, Wang L, Yu L, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Zhang H, Yuan S, Timofeeva M, Spiliopoulou A, Mesa-Eguiagaray I, Farrington SM, Law PJ, Houlston RS, Ding K, Dunlop MG, Theodoratou E, Li X. Dissecting the pathogenic effects of smoking and its hallmarks in blood DNA methylation on colorectal cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1306-1313. [PMID: 37608097 PMCID: PMC10576058 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is suggested as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but the complex relationship and the potential pathway are not fully understood. METHODS We performed two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses with genetic instruments for smoking behaviours and related DNA methylation in blood and summary-level GWAS data of colorectal cancer to disentangle the relationship. Colocalization analyses and prospective gene-environment interaction analyses were also conducted as replication. RESULTS Convincing evidence was identified for the pathogenic effect of smoking initiation on CRC risk and suggestive evidence was observed for the protective effect of smoking cessation in the univariable MR analyses. Multivariable MR analysis revealed that these associations were independent of other smoking phenotypes and alcohol drinking. Genetically predicted methylation at CpG site cg17823346 [ZMIZ1] were identified to decrease CRC risk; while genetically predicted methylation at cg02149899 would increase CRC risk. Colocalization and gene-environment interaction analyses added further evidence to the relationship between epigenetic modification at cg17823346 [ZMIZ1] as well as cg02149899 and CRC risk. DISCUSSION Our study confirms the significant association between tobacco smoking, DNA methylation and CRC risk and yields a novel insight into the pathogenic effect of tobacco smoking on CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qian Xiao
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Jiang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Athina Spiliopoulou
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ines Mesa-Eguiagaray
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Ionescu VA, Gheorghe G, Bacalbasa N, Chiotoroiu AL, Diaconu C. Colorectal Cancer: From Risk Factors to Oncogenesis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1646. [PMID: 37763765 PMCID: PMC10537191 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Numerous pathophysiological mechanisms, such as abnormal cell proliferation, cell differentiation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion of structures adjacent to colorectal tumor cells, and distant metastasis, are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. These processes are initiated by the complex interaction of a number of genetic and environmental factors, including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, or gut microbiota. Despite the significant progress achieved in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with colorectal cancer, there has been recently a noteworthy increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in individuals below the age of 50 years. Early-onset colorectal cancer has a different frequency of oncogenic mutations, a higher prevalence of mucinous histology, a distinct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation profile, a more distal location, and lower survival rates. A significant improvement in the prognosis of these patients can be achieved through the detection and removal of modifiable risk factors, along with the implementation of personalized screening strategies for individuals at high risk for this malignancy. Furthermore, gaining comprehension of the pathophysiological mechanisms by which these risk factors contribute to the process of oncogenesis may facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Alexandru Ionescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Mollecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Gheorghe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Department of Cellular and Mollecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
- Gastroenterology Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Bacalbasa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Camelia Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050085 Bucharest, Romania
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Marafini I, Monteleone G. Smoking and colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: Quantity matters? United European Gastroenterol J 2023; 11:589-590. [PMID: 37391925 PMCID: PMC10493335 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marafini
- Gastroenterology UnitPoliclinico Universitario Tor VergataRomeItaly
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34
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Wijnands AM, Elias SG, Dekker E, Fidder HH, Hoentjen F, ten Hove JR, Maljaars PWJ, van der Meulen‐de Jong AE, Mooiweer E, Ouwehand RJ, Penning de Vries BBL, Ponsioen CY, van Schaik FDM, Oldenburg B. Smoking and colorectal neoplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Dose-effect relationship. United European Gastroenterol J 2023; 11:612-620. [PMID: 37505117 PMCID: PMC10493358 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Prior studies on the effect of smoking on the risk of colitis-associated colorectal neoplasia (CRN) have reported conflicting results. We aimed to further elucidate the association between smoking, including possible dose-effects, and the development of colorectal neoplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS We performed a prospective multicenter cohort study including patients with colonic IBD enrolled in a surveillance program in four academic hospitals between 2011 and 2021. The effects of smoking status and pack-years at study entry on subsequent recurrent events of CRN (including indefinite, low- and high-grade dysplasia, and colorectal cancer [CRC]) were evaluated using uni- and multivariable Prentice, Williams, and Peterson total-time Cox proportional hazard models. Adjustment was performed for extensive disease, prior/index dysplasia, sex, age, first-degree relative with CRC, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and endoscopic inflammation. RESULTS In 501 of the enrolled 576 patients, at least one follow-up surveillance was performed after the study index (median follow-up 5 years). CRN occurred at least once in 105 patients. Ever smoking was not associated with recurrent CRN risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75-1.44), but an increasing number of pack-years was associated with an increased risk of recurrent CRN (aHR per 10 pack-years 1.17, 95% CI 1.03-1.32; p < 0.05). Separate analyses per IBD type did not reveal differences. CONCLUSIONS This study found that an increase in pack-years is associated with a higher risk of recurrent CRN in patients with IBD, independent of established CRN risk factors (NCT01464151).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk M. Wijnands
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd G. Elias
- Department of EpidemiologyJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAmsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Herma H. Fidder
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Frank Hoentjen
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Joren R. ten Hove
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - P. W. Jeroen Maljaars
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Mooiweer
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyHospital St JansdalHarderwijkThe Netherlands
| | - Renske J. Ouwehand
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bas B. L. Penning de Vries
- Department of EpidemiologyJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Cyriel Y. Ponsioen
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAmsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Fiona D. M. van Schaik
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bas Oldenburg
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Nakano S, Yamaji T, Shiraishi K, Hidaka A, Shimazu T, Kuchiba A, Saito M, Kunishima F, Nakaza R, Kohno T, Sawada N, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Iwasaki M. Smoking and risk of colorectal cancer according to KRAS and BRAF mutation status in a Japanese prospective Study. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:476-484. [PMID: 37352389 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for many types of cancer, evidence for colorectal cancer is equivocal in Asian populations. Recent Western studies have proposed that the association between smoking and colorectal cancer is restricted to specific tumor molecular subtypes. However, no studies have evaluated the association according to tumor molecular subtypes in Asian populations. In a Japanese prospective population-based cohort study of 18 773 participants, we collected tumor tissues from incident colorectal cancer cases and evaluated KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) and BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) mutation status using target sequencing. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of smoking with the risk of overall colorectal cancer and its subtypes defined by KRAS and BRAF mutation status. Among 339 cases, KRAS and BRAF mutations were identified in 164 (48.4%) and 16 (4.7%) cases, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted HR for ever smoking compared with never smoking was 1.24 [95% CI: 0.93-1.66], 1.75 [1.14-2.68], 0.87 [0.59-1.29], 1.24 [0.93-1.67] and 1.22 [0.38-3.93] for overall, KRAS wild-type, KRAS-mutated, BRAF wild-type and BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer, respectively. The statistically significant heterogeneity was indicated between KRAS mutation status (Pheterogeneity = 0.01) but not between BRAF mutation status. This study is the first to demonstrate that smokers have an approximately 2-fold higher risk of KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer than never smokers in an Asian population. Our findings support that smoking is a risk factor for colorectal cancer, especially for its subtype without KRAS mutations, in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Nakano
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouya Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihisa Hidaka
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University Daisan Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Kuchiba
- Graduate School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Biostatistical Research, Institute for Cancer Control/Biostatistics Division, Center for Research Administration and Support, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Saito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Hiraka General Hospital, Yokote, Akita, Japan
| | - Fumihito Kunishima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Okinawa Prefecture Chubu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ryouji Nakaza
- Department of clinical laboratory, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cohort research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
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Hajipour A, Ardekanizadeh NH, Roumi Z, Shekari S, Aminnezhad Kavkani B, Shalmani SHM, Bahar B, Tajadod S, Ajami M, Tabesh GA, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S. The effect of FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism on the association between colorectal cancer and different types of dietary fat intake: a case-control study. J Physiol Anthropol 2023; 42:17. [PMID: 37543622 PMCID: PMC10404375 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Some dietary factors such as fat intake have been identified as the risk factors for CRC. This study aimed to investigate the effect of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene rs9939609 polymorphism on the association between CRC and different types of dietary fats. METHODS This case-control study was performed on 135 CRC cases and 294 healthy controls in Tehran, Iran. Data on demographic factors, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, the intake of different types of dietary fats, and FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism was collected from all participants. The association between cancer and dietary fat intake in individuals with different FTO genotypes was assessed using different models of logistic regression. RESULTS Oleic acid intake was higher in the case group compared to the control group in both people with TT (7.2±3.46 vs. 5.83±3.06 g/d, P=0.02) and AA/AT genotypes (8.7±6.23 vs. 5.57 ±3.2 g/d, P<0.001). Among carriers of AA/AT genotypes of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism, a positive association was found between CRC and higher intakes of oleic acid (OR=1.12, CI95% 1.03-1.21, P=0.01) and cholesterol (OR=1.01, CI95% 1.00-1.02; P=0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, calorie intake, and body mass index. CONCLUSION Higher intakes of cholesterol and oleic acid were associated with a higher risk of CRC in FTO-risk allele carriers. The association of CRC and dietary fat may be influenced by the FTO genotype. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Hajipour
- School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Roumi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Shekari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Bojlul Bahar
- Nutrition Sciences and Applied Food Safety Studies, Research Centre for Global Development, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Shirin Tajadod
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bărbulescu LN, Rădulescu VM, Mogoantă SȘ, Bărbulescu LF, Kamal C, Radu M, Cismaru L. A Scoring Method to Prioritize Fecal Occult Blood Testing as a First Step in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Resource-Limited Settings. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2556. [PMID: 37568919 PMCID: PMC10417455 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop a scoring method that can be used by primary care physicians from remote areas or resource-limited settings to estimate the need for fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) as a first step in colorectal cancer screening. This method relies on several modifiable risk factors that can influence a positive FOBT, an indication of the presence of colorectal polyps, or even colorectal cancer. The scoring method considers, besides the age and gender of the patient, the body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and the diagnoses of diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), dyslipidemia, and hypertension. It does not need any paraclinical exams, which is an advantage when access or material resources are limited. The retrospective study was spread over forty-three months, respectively, from October 2019 to April 2023, and included 112 patients. The score that we designed is a numerical value between 0 and 7. The values between 0 and 3 represent a smaller risk of a positive FOBT (9.68%), values 4 and 5 represent a medium risk (14.75%), while values 6 and 7 represent a greater risk (40%). Using this score, a physician can determine if a patient has a greater risk and recommend it to prioritize taking a FOB test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda-Nicoleta Bărbulescu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Cabinet Medical Dr. Profir I. Mirela SRL, 200145 Craiova, Romania
| | - Virginia-Maria Rădulescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Automation and Electronics, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Stelian-Ștefăniță Mogoantă
- Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department III of Surgery, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Constantin Kamal
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mirela Radu
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Liana Cismaru
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Florensa D, Mateo J, Solsona F, Galván L, Mesas M, Piñol R, Espinosa-Leal L, Godoy P. Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid for cancer prevention considering risk factors: a retrospective cohort study. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 84:60-66. [PMID: 37302674 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been reported to protect against certain cancers. However, patient-related risk factors may moderate protective effects, including excess weight, smoking, risky alcohol use, and diabetes. We explore the cancer-risk relationship between aspirin intake and those four factors. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of cancers, aspirin intake, and four risk factors in persons aged ≥50 years. Participants received medication during 2007-2016, and cancers were diagnosed in 2012-2016. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for aspirin intake and risk factors using Cox proportional hazard modeling. RESULTS Of 118,548 participants, 15,793 consumed aspirin, and 4003 had cancer. Results indicated a significant protective effect of aspirin against colorectal (aHR: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.6-0.8), pancreatic (aHR: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.2-0.9), prostate (aHR: 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5-0.7) cancers and lymphomas (aHR: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.2-0.9), and also, although not significantly, against esophageal (aHR: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.2-1.8), stomach (aHR: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.4-1.3), liver (aHR: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.3-1.5), breast (aHR: 0.8; 95%CI: 0.6-1.0), and lung and bronchial (aHR: 0.9; 95%CI: 0.7-1.2) cancers. Aspirin intake was not significantly protective against leukemia (aHR: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.7-1.4) or bladder cancer (aHR: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.8-1.3). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that aspirin intake is associated with a reduced incidence of colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancers and lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dídac Florensa
- Department of Computer Engineering and Digital Design, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Population Cancer Registry in Lleida, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain; Field Epidemiology Unit, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Jordi Mateo
- Department of Computer Engineering and Digital Design, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francesc Solsona
- Department of Computer Engineering and Digital Design, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Mesas
- Computer Department, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ramon Piñol
- Catalan Health Service, Department of Health, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Pere Godoy
- Population Cancer Registry in Lleida, Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain; Field Epidemiology Unit, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Cai JA, Zhang YZ, Yu ED, Ding WQ, Li ZS, Zhong L, Cai QC. Association of cigarette smoking with risk of colorectal cancer subtypes classified by gut microbiota. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:99. [PMID: 37529669 PMCID: PMC10377954 DOI: 10.18332/tid/168515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Both cigarette smoking and gut microbiota play important roles in colorectal carcinogenesis. We explored whether the association between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk varies by gut microbial enterotypes and how smoking-related enterotypes promote colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS A case-control study was conducted. Fecal microbiota was determined by 16S rDNA sequencing. The cases with CRC or adenoma were subclassified by gut microbiota enterotypes. Multivariate analyses were used to test associations between smoking and the odds of colorectal neoplasm subtypes. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to find differential genera, genes, and pathways between the subtypes. RESULTS Included in the study were 130 CRC patients (type I: n=77; type II: n=53), 120 adenoma patients (type I: n=66; type II: n=54), and 130 healthy participants. Smoking increased the odds for type II tumors significantly (all p for trend <0.05) but not for type I tumors. The associations of smoking with increased odds of colorectal neoplasm significantly differed by gut microbiota enterotypes (p<0.05 for heterogeneity). An increase in carcinogenic bacteria (genus Escherichia shigella) and a decrease in probiotics (family Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae) in type II tumors may drive disease progression by upregulating oncogenic signaling pathways and inflammatory/oxidative stress response pathways, as well as protein phospholipase D1/2, cytochrome C, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Smoking was associated with a higher odds of type II colorectal neoplasms but not type I tumors, supporting a potential role for the gut microbiota in mediating the association between smoking and colorectal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-An Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 928 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Force, Haikou, China
| | - En-Da Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan-Cai Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Song J, Wang K, Chen Z, Zhong D, Li L, Guo L, Yu S. Association study between C10orf90 gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1192378. [PMID: 37588090 PMCID: PMC10425599 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1192378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor in the world. The morbidity and mortality rates in Western countries have decreased, but they are still on the rise in China. C10orf90 is associated with a variety of cancers, but the correlation between C10orf90 and CRC is not yet known. Methods A total of 1,339 subjects were randomly enrolled in our study. After extracting their DNA, three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of C10orf90 were genotyped to analyze the potential relationship between these variants and CRC risk. PLINK software packages (version 1.07) were used to evaluate multiple genetic models by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The best SNP-SNP interaction model was defined by the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis. Results C10orf90 rs12412320 was significantly associated with CRC risk (p = 0.006) and might be associated with the lower CRC risk (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65-0.93). The relationship of rs12412320 with lower CRC risk was found in people aged >60 years and ≤60 years, women, non-smokers, or non-drinkers. Rs11245008 in people aged ≤60 years and rs11245007 among men had a higher CRC susceptibility. Rs12412320 was related to the lower risk of advanced stages (III/IV stage), while rs11245007 might be associated with the higher risk of advanced stages (III/IV stage). Moreover, rs12412320 had the most significant relationship with the susceptibility to rectal cancer. Conclusion This study is the first to report between C10orf90 gene polymorphisms and CRC risk in Chinese people, which suggests that C10orf90 rs12412320 might play a crucial role in preventing CRC occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dunjing Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Liangliang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shuyong Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Campaniello D, Bevilacqua A, Speranza B, Racioppo A, Sinigaglia M, Corbo MR. A narrative review on the use of probiotics in several diseases. Evidence and perspectives. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1209238. [PMID: 37497058 PMCID: PMC10368401 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1209238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem, strictly linked to health and disease, as a balanced composition (referred as eubiosis) is necessary for several physiological functions, while an unbalanced composition (dysbiosis) is often associated to pathological conditions and/or diseases. An altered microbiota could be positively affected and partially restored through probiotic supplementation, among others. This review addresses the effects of probiotics in several conditions, used as case-studies (colorectal cancer, neuro-psychiatric diseases, intestinal diseases, obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, immune system, and musculoskeletal system disorders) by pointing out the clinical outcomes, the mode of action, mainly related to the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), the impact of probiotic dose and mode of supplementation, as well as trying to highlight a hit of the most used genera.
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Hu S, Li Y, Zhu W, Liu J, Wei S. Global, region and national trends and age-period-cohort effects in colorectal cancer burden from 1990 to 2019, with predictions to 2039. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:83245-83259. [PMID: 37340163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths and contributes to a gradually increasing disease burden. We aimed to estimate the secular trends of global CRC burden, the effect of age, period, and birth cohort, and project the global burden over time. Based on the epidemiological CRC data from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and territories from GBD 2019, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), was calculated from a linear model and joinpoint regression model. We utilized an age-period-cohort model to reckon age, period, and birth cohort effects on CRC age-standardized rate. The burden of CRC was projected by conducting the BAPC model. Globally, there was a slight decline in the age-standardized DALY rate, which was more apparent in females, with high SDI regions and in Australia and Western Europe areas. Meanwhile, our model predicts a weaker increase in morbidity (EAPC of 0.37) and a speedier reduction in mortality (EAPC of -0.66) by the next 20 years. The relative risk of period for high SDI regions decreased from 1.08 (95%UI: 1.06-1.1) in 1990-1994 to 0.85 (95%UI:0.83-0.88) in 2015-2019, but worsens in low and middle SDI regions. The local drifts were more than 1 in the 30-34 and 35-39 age groups, indicating the rising tide of early-onset CRC. Given the gender and region-specific CRC, targeted efforts to reduce the prevalence of risk factors, improve screening coverage rates, and strengthen foundational medical facilities are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Hu
- Department of Public Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenmin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Keivanlou MH, Amini-Salehi E, Hassanipour S, Mahapatro A, Raghuma N, Joukar F, Letafatkar N, Habibi A, Norouzi N, Aleali MS, Javid M, Mirdamadi A, Mansour-Ghanaei F. Association between smoking and colorectal cancer in Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:204-211. [PMID: 37470665 PMCID: PMC10445494 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_163_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking poses a significant risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), considered the third leading reason for cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, there has been limited research on the relationship between smoking and CRC in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO). Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to combine available data and gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between smoking and CRC in EMRO. Methods Two independent researchers searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until December 2022. The included studies were checked for risk of bias administering the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics and the Cochrane test. Publication bias was determined through funnel plot analysis and Egger's regression test. Additionally, a meta-regression analysis explored the impact of a country's Human Development Index (HDI) on the relationship between smoking and CRC. Results The final analysis included 26 studies, revealing a significant association between smoking and CRC (OR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.78; P = 0.004). Moreover, smoking had a more pronounced adverse effect on CRC in countries with higher HDIs compared to those with lower HDIs (OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.99 - 1.71; P = 0.054). Conclusions Our findings underscore the importance of implementing smoking cessation programs and policies in EMRO countries, as they demonstrate a positive relationship between smoking and the risk of CRC. Furthermore, the results suggest that a country's level of human development may influence the association between smoking and CRC. Further research is needed to investigate this potential connection and develop targeted public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Amini-Salehi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abinash Mahapatro
- School of Medicine, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Nakka Raghuma
- School of Medicine, GSL Medical College and General Hospital, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Negin Letafatkar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arman Habibi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Naeim Norouzi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Aleali
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mona Javid
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arian Mirdamadi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
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Zhang C, Zhang L, Zhang W, Guan B, Li S. An adjusted Asia-Pacific colorectal screening score system to predict advanced colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic Chinese patients. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:223. [PMID: 37386357 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score and its derivatives have been used to predict advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN). However, it remains unknown whether they apply to the current Chinese population in general clinical practice. Therefore, we aimed to update the APCS score system by applying data from two independent asymptomatic populations to predict the risk of ACN in China. METHODS We developed an adjusted APCS (A-APCS) score by using the data of asymptomatic Chinese patients undergoing colonoscopies from January 2014 to December 2018. Furthermore, we validated this system in another cohort of 812 patients who underwent screening colonoscopy between January and December 2021. The discriminative calibration ability of the A-APCS and APCS scores was comparatively evaluated. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were applied to assess the risk factors for ACN, and an adjusted scoring system of 0 to 6.5 points was schemed according to the results. Utilizing the developed score, 20.2%, 41.2%, and 38.6% of patients in the validation cohort were classified as average, moderate, and high risk, respectively. The corresponding ACN incidence rates were 1.2%, 6.0%, and 11.1%, respectively. In addition, the A-APCS score (c-statistics: 0.68 for the derivation and 0.80 for the validation cohort) showed better discriminative power than using predictors of APCS alone. CONCLUSIONS The A-APCS score may be simple and useful in clinical applications for predicting ACN risk in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Beiyuan Street & 247, Jinan, 0531, Shandong, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weihao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Beiyuan Street & 247, Jinan, 0531, Shandong, China
| | - Bingxin Guan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Beiyuan Street & 247, Jinan, 0531, Shandong, China.
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Turyova E, Mikolajcik P, Grendar M, Kudelova E, Holubekova V, Kalman M, Marcinek J, Hrnciar M, Kovac M, Miklusica J, Laca L, Lasabova Z. Expression of OCT4 isoforms is reduced in primary colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1166835. [PMID: 37409260 PMCID: PMC10319064 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The carcinogenesis of CRC is indeed complex, and there are many different mechanisms and pathways that contribute to the development of malignancy and the progression from primary to metastatic tumors. The OCT4A, encoded by the POU5F1 gene, is a transcription factor responsible for the phenotype of stem cells, maintaining pluripotency and regulation of differentiation. The POU5F1 gene is made up of five exons that can create numerous isoforms through alternative promoter or alternative splicing. In addition to OCT4A, other isoforms called OCT4B are also translated into protein; however, their role in cells has been unclear. The aim of our work was to investigate the expression patterns of OCT4 isoforms in primary and metastatic CRC, providing us with useful information about their role in the development and progression of CRC. Methods Surgical specimens from a total of 78 patients were collected and isolated from primary tumors (n = 47) and metastases (n = 31). The relative gene expression of OCT4 isoforms was investigated using the RT-qPCR method together with the TaqMan probes for particular OCT4 isoforms. Results Our results suggest significantly downregulated expression of the OCT4A and OCT4Bs isoforms in both primary (p = 0.0002 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and metastatic tumors (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.00051, respectively) when compared with the control samples. We also observed a correlation between reduced expression of all OCT4 isoforms and both primary and left-sided tumors (p = 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively). On the other hand, the expression of all OCT4 isoforms was significantly upregulated in metastases compared with primary tumors (p < 0.0001). Discussion Unlike previous reports, we found out that the expression of OCT4A, OCT4Bs, and all OCT4 isoforms was significantly reduced in primary tumors and metastases compared with control samples. On the other hand, we supposed that the expression rate of all OCT4 isoforms may be related to the cancer type and side, as well as to liver metastases. However, further studies are required to investigate the detailed expression patterns and significance of individual OCT4 isoforms in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Turyova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Mikolajcik
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin and University Hospital Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marian Grendar
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kudelova
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin and University Hospital Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Holubekova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michal Kalman
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin and University Hospital Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Marcinek
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin and University Hospital Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Matej Hrnciar
- Department of Informatics, Information Systems and Software Engineering, Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Kovac
- Department of Informatics, Information Systems and Software Engineering, Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Miklusica
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin and University Hospital Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ludovit Laca
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Center, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin and University Hospital Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zora Lasabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Mignini I, Ainora ME, Di Francesco S, Galasso L, Gasbarrini A, Zocco MA. Tumorigenesis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Microbiota-Environment Interconnections. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3200. [PMID: 37370812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colo-rectal cancer (CRC) is undoubtedly one of the most severe complications of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). While sporadic CRC develops from a typical adenoma-carcinoma sequence, IBD-related CRC follows different and less understood pathways and its pathophysiological mechanisms were not completely elucidated. In contrast to chronic inflammation, which is nowadays a well-recognised drive towards neoplastic transformation in IBD, only recently was gut microbiota demonstrated to interfere with both inflammation processes and immune-mediated anticancer surveillance. Moreover, the role of microbiota appears particularly complex and intriguing when also considering its multifaceted interactions with multiple environmental stimuli, notably chronic pathologies such as diabetes and obesity, lifestyle (diet, smoking) and vitamin intake. In this review, we presented a comprehensive overview on current evidence of the influence of gut microbiota on IBD-related CRC, in particular its mutual interconnections with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Mignini
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Ainora
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvino Di Francesco
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Galasso
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Frieler M, Moore M, Longacre ML. Primary and Secondary Prevention Interventions to Reduce Risk Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in High-Risk Groups: a Systematic Literature Review. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:738-751. [PMID: 36826735 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the USA, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Certain groups in the USA are at an increased risk of developing CRC, including those with a genetic risk and family history. The purpose of this project was to synthesize primary and secondary prevention interventions for individuals who are at high risk of CRC due to family history or genetic predisposition. This study systematically reviewed articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO using specific search terms to find relevant articles. Sixteen articles were identified for full-text review, which were categorized as non-drug interventions (n = 7) and drug interventions (n = 9). Non-drug interventions focused primarily on increasing screening in those with a first-degree relative (FDR) with CRC or those with Lynch syndrome (LS). Interventions that increased CRC screening often had a tailored component and were otherwise varied in study designs and intervention type. Drug interventions focused on the use of NSAIDs on patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Studies showed very little racial and ethnic diversity. Findings suggest that tailored interventions are particularly effective in increasing CRC screening, and greater diversity of sample is needed with respect to race and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Frieler
- Department of Public Health, Arcadia University, 450 Easton Rd, Glenside, PA, 19038, USA
| | - McKenna Moore
- Department of Public Health, Arcadia University, 450 Easton Rd, Glenside, PA, 19038, USA
| | - Margaret L Longacre
- Department of Public Health, Arcadia University, 450 Easton Rd, Glenside, PA, 19038, USA.
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Li Q, Weitz J, Li C, Schardey J, Weiss L, Wirth U, Zimmermann P, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Smoking as a risk factor for colorectal neoplasms in young individuals? A systematic meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:114. [PMID: 37147435 PMCID: PMC10163071 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Early-onset colorectal neoplasms (EoCRN) include both benign and malign colorectal tumors, which occur before the age of 50. The incidence of EoCRN is rising worldwide. Tobacco smoking has previously been proven to be related to the development of various tumor types. However, its relationship with EoCRN is not clearly defined. Hence, we carried out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between smoking status and the risk of EoCRN. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to September 7, 2022, was performed for studies that evaluated the association of smoking status with EoCRN. The quality of the case-control study was evaluated with the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale. The quality of the cross-sectional studies was evaluated with the American Health Care Research and Quality checklist. Fixed-effects models were used to pool odds ratios (ORs) to evaluate the relationship between the risk of developing EoCRN and smoking status. The meta-analyses were performed with Review Manager version 5.4, and funnel plots and publication bias tests were produced by STATA software. RESULTS A total of six studies were included in this meta-analysis. After pooling the results of these six studies, we found that current smokers carry a relatively high risk of developing EoCRN (OR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.52) compared to never-smokers. Ex-smokers were not at a significantly increased risk for developing EoCRN (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86-1.18). DISCUSSION Smoking behavior is significantly associated with an increased risk for developing EoCRN and might be one of the reasons for the increasing incidence. Ex-smokers who quit are not at significant risk of developing EoCRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jutta Weitz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Weiss
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Zimmermann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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Botteri E, Peveri G, Berstad P, Bagnardi V, Chen SLF, Sandanger TM, Hoff G, Dahm CC, Antoniussen CS, Tjønneland A, Eriksen AK, Skeie G, Perez-Cornago A, Huerta JM, Jakszyn P, Harlid S, Sundström B, Barricarte A, Monninkhof EM, Derksen JWG, Schulze MB, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Sánchez MJ, Cross AJ, Tsilidis KK, De Magistris MS, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Rothwell JA, Laouali N, Severi G, Amiano P, Contiero P, Sacerdote C, Goldberg M, Touvier M, Freisling H, Viallon V, Weiderpass E, Riboli E, Gunter MJ, Jenab M, Ferrari P. Changes in Lifestyle and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. Am J Gastroenterol 2023; 118:702-711. [PMID: 36227801 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the impact of changes in lifestyle habits on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a multicountry European cohort. METHODS We used baseline and follow-up questionnaire data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort to assess changes in lifestyle habits and their associations with CRC development. We calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and physical activity collected at the 2 time points. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavorable) to 16 (most favorable). We estimated the association between HLI changes and CRC risk using Cox regression models and reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Among 295,865 participants, 2,799 CRC cases were observed over a median of 7.8 years. The median time between questionnaires was 5.7 years. Each unit increase in HLI from the baseline to the follow-up assessment was associated with a statistically significant 3% lower CRC risk. Among participants in the top tertile at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom tertile at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had a higher CRC risk (HR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.75) than those remaining in the top tertile. Among individuals in the bottom tertile at baseline, those in the top tertile at follow-up had a lower risk (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.59-1.00) than those remaining in the bottom tertile. DISCUSSION Improving adherence to a healthy lifestyle was inversely associated with CRC risk, while worsening adherence was positively associated with CRC risk. These results justify and support recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes and healthy lifestyle maintenance for CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Botteri
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giulia Peveri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Berstad
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sairah L F Chen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Geir Hoff
- Section for Colorectal Cancer Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - José María Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophia Harlid
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Sundström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Evelyn M Monninkhof
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen W G Derksen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Nasser Laouali
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP U1018, "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Contiero
- Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts Unit, Inserrm UMS 11, Villejuif, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Vivian Viallon
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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50
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Wang SY, Zhang WS, Jiang CQ, Jin YL, Zhu T, Zhu F, Xu L. Association of novel and conventional obesity indices with colorectal cancer risk in older Chinese: a 14-year follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:286. [PMID: 36991401 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and a body shape index (ABSI) were newly developed indices for visceral fat mass. Whether they are superior to conventional obesity indices in predicting colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We examined the associations of VAI and ABSI with CRC risk, and investigated their performance in discriminating CRC risk compared with conventional obesity indices in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.
Methods
A total of 28,359 participants aged 50 + years without cancer history at baseline (2003-8) were included. CRC were identified from the Guangzhou Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association of obesity indices with the CRC risk. Discriminative abilities of obesity indices were assessed using Harrell’s C-statistic.
Results
During an average follow-up of 13.9 (standard deviation = 3.6) years, 630 incident CRC cases were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of incident CRC for per standard deviation increment in VAI, ABSI, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 1.04 (0.96, 1.12), 1.13 (1.04, 1.22), 1.08 (1.00, 1.17), 1.15 (1.06, 1.24), 1.16 (1.08, 1.25)and 1.13 (1.04, 1.22), respectively. Similar results for colon cancer were found. However, the associations of obesity indices with risk of rectal cancer were non-significant. All obesity indices showed similar discriminative abilities (C-statistics from 0.640 to 0.645), with WHR showing the highest whilst VAI and BMI the lowest.
Conclusions
ABSI, but not VAI, was positively associated with a higher risk of CRC. However, ABSI was not superior to the conventional abdominal obesity indices in predicting CRC.
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