1
|
Sundar TKB, Sargenius H, Kvarme LG, Sparboe-Nilsen B. Norwegian pre-service teacher students' and public health nursing students' views on health - a qualitative study of students' perceptions. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2322705. [PMID: 38431882 PMCID: PMC10911246 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2322705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In 2020, the Norwegian school curriculum was revised, introducing a new cross-curricular subject, Public Health, and Life Skills. The curriculum emphasizes collaboration between teachers and the school health service. Subsequently, a research project, Literacies for Health and Life Skills, was initiated at Oslo Metropolitan University. The aim was to develop a new approach to the subject. A part of the research was to explore perceptions about good and poor health among teacher students and public health nursing students. METHODS This study has a qualitative design using auto-photography, group discussions and photo-elicitation interviews as methods to explore the students' views on health. RESULTS A analysis revealed three themes about good health in both student groups: Relaxation and tranquillity, belonging and relations, and enjoyment as important to health. Three themes about poor health emerged in both student groups: The ideal body and self-perception, you are as healthy as you feel, and the best in life is also the worst. The students' statements were characterized by underlying assumptions about health in society, with a focus on "healthism". No major differences between the student groups were found. CONCLUSION This study serves as a step towards increased understanding of health perceptions among future professionals working with children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Turid Kristin Bigum Sundar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Sargenius
- Department of Psychology, section of cognition and neurosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisbeth Gravdal Kvarme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Sparboe-Nilsen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dou X, Lu J, Yu Y, Yi Y, Zhou L. The impact of depression and anxiety on mobile phone addiction and the mediating effect of self-esteem. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23004. [PMID: 39362873 PMCID: PMC11450178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mobile phone addiction has become a widespread phenomenon in Chinese society, attracting significant social attention. However, there is still limited understanding of complexities and relationships concerning anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among college students. To better understand the relationships among depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and mobile phone addiction, the aim of this study was to explore these relationships, analyze the factors influencing mobile phone addiction, and examine the mediating effects of anxiety and self-esteem on the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction. Data from 2023 were collected, and the SDS depression scale, SAS anxiety scale, mobile phone addiction scale, and Robert self-esteem scale were employed. Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling revealed significant associations between depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and mobile phone addiction. Further analysis indicated that anxiety mediated the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction, meanwhile, self-esteem mediated the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction. Self-esteem also mediated the relationship between anxiety and mobile phone addiction. Additionally, anxiety and self-esteem played sequential mediating roles in mobile phone addiction. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction. The discussion provides practical and effective recommendations for the prevention and intervention of mobile phone addiction among college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiachen Lu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingying Yu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaohui Yi
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ballesteros-Holmes J, Teague M, Derouin A. Decreasing Social Media Use Through Motivational Interviewing: A Pediatric Primary Care Quality Improvement Project. J Pediatr Health Care 2024:S0891-5245(24)00136-6. [PMID: 39365218 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media use has been correlated to worsening anxiety and depression in teenagers. LOCAL PROBLEM In the United Staes, social media is frequently used amongst adolescents, and rates of anxiety and depression in this population have increased over time. METHODS A convenience sample of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old were evaluated using a pre-post design. INTERVENTIONS This quality improvement project introduced screen time assessment and motivational interviewing to decrease social media use and improve mental health among adolescents. RESULTS PHQ-9 scores remained consistent throughout the project. There was an overall decrease in participant SCARED scores and social media use declined over the 12-week period. CONCLUSIONS Results from this project suggest an opportunity for pediatric healthcare providers to standardize social media use screening in adolescent care and utilize motivational interviewing to promote adolescent wellbeing.
Collapse
|
4
|
Draganidis A, Fernando AN, West ML, Sharp G. Social media delivered mental health campaigns and public service announcements: A systematic literature review of public engagement and help-seeking behaviours. Soc Sci Med 2024; 359:117231. [PMID: 39278158 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Social media (SM) is increasingly utilised to disseminate mental health (MH) public service announcements (PSAs) and campaigns, connecting the public with support or resources. However, the effectiveness of MH campaigns/PSAs is often overlooked, and actions following exposure are rarely measured. We aimed to i) systematically review research on MH campaigns/PSAs disseminated via SM to determine their efficacy in eliciting engagement, help-seeking/behavioural change and ii) identify components that may facilitate engagement, help-seeking/behavioural change. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Fourteen studies were eligible. The campaigns/PSAs targeted various MH concerns and country dissemination was diverse. Twitter/X was the most prevalent SM platform (n = 11), followed by Facebook (n = 8). All campaigns/PSAs generated engagement although engagement level benchmarks were inconsistent or absent, a proportion measured formal help-seeking behaviours (n = 1) or behavioural/language/knowledge change (n = 8). Components influencing engagement included videos/live streams, relatable content, the organisation/account disseminating the content, how information was conveyed, and external events. We highlight the heterogeneity of research in SM MH campaign/PSA evaluation and identify commonalities across studies potentially responsible for eliciting engagement, behavioural change and/or help-seeking in future campaigns/PSAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Draganidis
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Nileshni Fernando
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Madeline L West
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gemma Sharp
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Couto L, Willoughby JF. #LoveYourBody: An Experimental Test of the Effects of Objectification and Body Appreciation Content on Instagram Fitness and Health Posts Among Young Women. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:2298-2306. [PMID: 37872682 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2265647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Fitspiration content on Instagram often includes images in which women are objectified but may also include captions that aim to positively motivate viewers, such as through messaging about body appreciation. Viewing objectifying content in fitspiration posts may be problematic for young women's mental health, but it's unclear if positive messaging may help to alleviate some of these effects. In this study, we conducted a 2 × 2 online experiment assessing the effects of body appreciation and objectification content present in Instagram fitness posts by influencers on young women (N = 200). The outcome variables were state body appreciation, trait body appreciation, self-esteem, and self-compassion. We found an interaction between the presence and absence of objectification and presence and absence of body appreciation that significantly influenced self-compassion and body appreciation. The interaction suggests that self-compassion and state body appreciation are higher in the presence of body appreciation messaging, although there were not main effects for just viewing objectifying images or body appreciation captions. This means that just body appreciation or just objectification may not affect state body appreciation and self-compassion, but the two together have an effect. Our findings suggest that body appreciation captions may serve as a protective factor for self-compassion and state body appreciation when young women view Instagram fitspiration posts that include sexual objectification. Health communicators could encourage influencers to include body appreciation content in their fitspiration posts to help improve self-compassion among viewers, and interventions could work to promote body appreciation among young women to encourage self-compassion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Couto
- Edward R. Murrow College of Communication, Washington State University
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Spittal MJ, Mitchell R, Clapperton A, Laughlin A, Sinyor M, Page A. Age, period and cohort analysis of suicide trends in Australia, 1907-2020. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 51:101171. [PMID: 39247208 PMCID: PMC11379668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Suicide rates have been increasing in Australia since the mid-2000s, especially for women aged ≤25 years. We conducted an age-period-cohort study to investigate these recent trends in the context of historical Australian suicide rates. Methods Data on annual suicides in Australia from 1907 to 2020 were extracted from the General Record of Incidence of Mortality. We modelled age-specific effects for a reference cohort, after adjustment for period effects. Findings We found evidence of age, cohort and period effects. For males, compared to the cohort born in 1946-1950, rates were higher for all cohorts born after this year. The period effect showed peaks in the risk of male suicide in the mid 1960s and the early 1990s, followed by a decline in risk until early 2010, after which the risk began to rise again. For females, compared to the cohort born in 1946-1950, the risk of suicide was higher for all cohorts born after this, with the highest risk for those born in 2006-2010. The period effect for females showed an elevated risk of suicide in the mid 1960s followed by a sharp decline, and an increase in risk after 2009. Interpretation Suicide rates in Australia have fluctuated substantially over time and appear to be related to age trends as well as period and cohort trends. Advocacy and policy making tends to focus on contemporaneous changes in suicide rates. However, this study shows that focusing only on year-on-year changes in suicide rates ignores underlying trends for specific population birth-cohorts. Funding None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Spittal
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Angela Clapperton
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adrian Laughlin
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Sinyor
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Page
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Feinglass J, Patel A, Kottapalli A, Brewer AG. Trends in youth acute care hospital visits for anxiety and depression in Illinois. Am J Emerg Med 2024; 84:98-104. [PMID: 39106740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzes the trajectory of youth emergency department or inpatient hospital visits for depression or anxiety in Illinois before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We analyze emergency department (ED) outpatient visits, direct admissions, and ED admissions by patients ages 5-19 years coded for depression or anxiety disorders from 2016 through June 2023 with data from the Illinois Hospital Association COMPdata database. We analyze changes in visit rates by patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, hospital volume and type, and census zip code measures of poverty and social vulnerability. Interrupted times series analysis was used to test the significance of differences in level and trends between 51 pre-pandemic months and 39 during-pandemic months. RESULTS There were 250,648 visits to 232 Illinois hospitals. After large immediate pandemic decreases there was an estimated -12.0 per-month (p = 0.003, 95% CI -19.8-4.1) decrease in male visits and a - 13.1 (p = 0.07, 95% CI -27 -1) per-month decrease in female visits in the during-pandemic relative to the pre-pandemic period. The reduction was greatest for outpatient ED visits, for males, for age 5-9 and 15-19 years patients, for smaller community hospitals, and for patients from the poorest and most vulnerable zip code areas. CONCLUSIONS llinois youth depression and anxiety hospital visit rates declined significantly after the pandemic shutdown and remained stable into 2023 at levels below 2016-2019 rates. Further progress will require both clinical innovations and effective prevention grounded in a better understanding of the cultural roots of youth mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Feinglass
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Atrik Patel
- Master of Public Health Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aarthi Kottapalli
- Master of Public Health Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Audrey G Brewer
- Division of Advanced General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ansari S, Iqbal N, Azeem A, Danyal K. Improving Well-Being Through Digital Detoxification Among Social Media Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024. [PMID: 39348315 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Digital detoxification is a conscious disconnection from all smartphone activities for a certain period of time, which has been undertaken as effective by researchers to improve well-being, but studies found inconsistent results, with a primary focus on negative well-being, thus necessitating a need to focus on the positive aspect. As a result, the current study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess digital detoxification and its influence on users subjective and psychological well-being (PWB). A comprehensive search (up to November 19, 2023) across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Pro-Quest, and Google Search yielded a total of 26 eligible studies (18 for meta-analysis) comprising 8,147 participants (Mage = 25.20 years). The Studies' quality was assessed using Cochrane's updated Risk of Bias Tool, and statistical analysis was performed in R Studio. Digital detoxification was found to be effective in improving subjective well-being (SWB) (Standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.34; p < 0.01, I2 = 73.6%, n = 14 papers), as well as PWB (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.46; p < 0.05; I2 = 0.0%, n = 4 papers). Notably, we detected no publication bias but addressed funnel plot asymmetry using Trim & Fill. Moderation analysis revealed the impact of internet coverage, developmental status, location, intervention effectiveness, and risk of bias on the estimated effect size for SWB. Meta-regression highlighted the significant influence of mean age, and although no potential outliers were identified, influential plots are provided for transparency. Our findings consolidate the efficacy of digital detoxification, emphasizing the need for nuanced consideration of study factors. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on digital well-being, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ansari
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Naved Iqbal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Kainaat Danyal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stamer T, Traulsen P, Rieken J, Schmahl T, Menrath I, Steinhäuser J. Determinants of the implementation of eHealth-based long-term follow-up care for young cancer survivors: a qualitative study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1159. [PMID: 39294671 PMCID: PMC11411906 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND eHealth may help closing gaps in the long-term follow-up care of former young age cancer patients. While its introduction to medical aftercare appears promising, it also faces obstacles in the course of its implementation. This study explored what prospective eHealth applications have to achieve and what facilitating and hindering factors are associated with the implementation of them. METHODS A qualitative, explorative-descriptive design involving semi-structured interviews was used in this study. General practitioners (GPs) from urban and rural areas as well as former cancer patients were recruited and interviewed. The interview guide focused on expectations of telemedical care services for the patient group of children and adolescents as well as potential facilitating and hindering factors of the implementation of telemedical care services for former cancer patients. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed on the basis of qualitative content analysis as described by Kuckartz. RESULTS Empiric saturation was reached after 25 interviews, respectively. The age of the physicians surveyed at the time of the interviews ranged from 27 to 71 years, with an average of 42 years. The former patients ranged in age from 21 to 43 at the time of participation, with an average age of 34. The age at diagnosis ranged from 3 to 31 years. eHealth services were considered an effective way to maintain continuity of care and improve the health literacy of cancer survivors. Cooperation with health insurance companies and gamification-elements were regarded as beneficial for the introduction of eHealth structures. Poor interface compatibility, insufficient network coverage and lack of digital literacy were valued as potential barriers. CONCLUSIONS If properly introduced, eHealth shows the potential to provide stakeholders with tools that increase their self-efficacy and ability to act. As the technology continues to advance, our data provides application-oriented factors for tailored implementation strategies to bring eHealth into the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tjorven Stamer
- Institute of Family Medicine, UKSH Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Pia Traulsen
- Institute of Family Medicine, UKSH Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Johannes Rieken
- Institute of Family Medicine, UKSH Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Teresa Schmahl
- Institute of Family Medicine, UKSH Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ingo Menrath
- Clinic of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, UKSH Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jost Steinhäuser
- Institute of Family Medicine, UKSH Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Luebeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shiraly R, Roshanfekr A, Asadollahi A, Griffiths MD. Psychological distress, social media use, and academic performance of medical students: the mediating role of coping style. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:999. [PMID: 39272179 PMCID: PMC11401414 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05988-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that social media use (SMU) is an increasingly widespread activity among university students, more information is needed to evaluate its relationship with students' mental health, particularly medical students. OBJECTIVE The present study assessed the relationships between SMU and coping style with psychological distress and academic performance of medical students. METHODS An offline cross-sectional survey conducted with 398 undergraduate medical students. The survey collected data on demographics, psychological distress (DASS-21), coping strategies (Brief COPE Scale), academic performance (grade point average) and estimated average time spent on social media per day. Structural equation modeling was used to clarify relationships between the main study variables. The study also examined the mediating effect of maladaptive coping between SMU and psychological distress. RESULTS Students with higher levels of psychological distress were more likely to be engaged in frequent social media use. Spending more than two hours a day on social media use had a positive association with maladaptive coping (p < 0.001), particularly with substance use and behavioral disengagement both of which could negatively affect academic performance. Maladaptive coping mediated the relationship between students' SMU and psychological distress. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that medical students commonly use social media as a maladaptive coping tool to deal with psychological distress. Empowering students to adopt and foster appropriate coping strategies could help them to enhance resilience against life stresses and ameliorate potential long-term mental health consequences associated with maladaptive behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Shiraly
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Health Behavior Science Research Unit, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | | | - Abdolrahim Asadollahi
- Department of Gerontology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Distinguished Professor of Behavioural Addiction. International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moreno MA, Dixon LB, Jankowski S, Adler DA, Berlant J, Brunette MF, Castillo EG, Edwards ML, Erlich MD, First MB, Kozloff N, Oslin D, Siris S, Talley RM. The Need to Adapt the Psychiatric Clinical Assessment to the Digital Age: A Practical Approach. Psychiatr Serv 2024; 75:929-931. [PMID: 38477835 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The use of electronic devices and social media is becoming a ubiquitous part of most people's lives. Although researchers are exploring the sequelae of such use, little attention has been given to the importance of digital media use in routine psychiatric assessments of patients. The nature of technology use is relevant to understanding a patient's lifestyle and activities, the same way that it is important to evaluate the patient's occupation, functioning, and general activities. The authors propose a framework for psychiatric inquiry into digital media use, emphasizing that such inquiry should focus on quality of use, including emotional and behavioral consequences, rather than simply the amount of use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Lisa B Dixon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Samantha Jankowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - David A Adler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Jeff Berlant
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Mary F Brunette
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Enrico G Castillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Matthew L Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Matthew D Erlich
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Michael B First
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Nicole Kozloff
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - David Oslin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Sam Siris
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Rachel M Talley
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Elvan A, Cevik S, Vatansever K, Erak I. The association between mobile phone usage duration, neck muscle endurance, and neck pain among university students. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20116. [PMID: 39209955 PMCID: PMC11362573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The mobile phone is essential in daily life, especially during the pandemic. Prolonged use can cause postural issues, leading to common neck pain. This study aims to determine the correlation between mobile phone use duration, addiction, neck muscle endurance, and neck pain in university students. The study included 62 participants (30 female, 32 male) aged 18-35 years. Inclusion criteria required participants to have experienced neck pain at least twice in the past year and to have no other concomitant issues, as well as to volunteer for the study. Demographic information and daily mobile phone usage time were collected. Neck pain was assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale, smartphone addiction with the Smartphone Addiction Scale, and cervical muscle endurance was evaluated. Correlation analysis reveals a moderate relationship between neck pain severity (NPS) and cervical extensor muscle endurance (CEME), a strong relationship between NPS and cervical flexor muscle endurance (CFME), as well as a strong relationship among daily phone usage time (DPUT), CFME, and NPS, with a moderate relationship between DPUT and CEME. Participants were divided into two groups based on their DPUT, revealing that those who used their phone for four hours or more showed significantly higher levels of pain (p < 0.05) and reduced endurance in cervical flexor muscles. Our study found a strong correlation between neck pain, muscle endurance, and daily phone usage. Participants using their phones for more than four hours daily reported increased neck pain and decreased muscle endurance. We suggest integrating phone usage duration into neck pain assessments, promoting ergonomic practices, and offering detailed usage guidelines for users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ata Elvan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir University of Economics, Sakarya, Balcova, 35330, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Seval Cevik
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir University of Economics, Sakarya, Balcova, 35330, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kivanc Vatansever
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir University of Economics, Sakarya, Balcova, 35330, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Erak
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir University of Economics, Sakarya, Balcova, 35330, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ansari S, Iqbal N, Asif R, Hashim M, Farooqi SR, Alimoradi Z. Social Media Use And Well-Being: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024. [PMID: 39190573 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2024.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Prior research has investigated the link between social media use (SMU) and negative well-being. However, the connection with positive well-being has not been extensively studied, leading to a situation where there are inconsistent and inconclusive findings. This study fills this gap by examining the correlation between excessive and problematic SMU and subjective as well as psychological well-being (PWB). We conducted a systematic search across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and gray literature sources such as Research Gate and ProQuest, yielding 51 relevant studies for meta-analysis, encompassing a sample size of 680,506 individuals. Employing the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, we assessed study quality, whereas statistical analysis was executed using R Studio. Excessive SMU showed no significant association with subjective (ES = 0.003, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: -0.08, 0.09; p = 0.94, I2 = 95.8%, k =16) and PWB (ES = 0.16, 95% CI: -0.15, 0.45; p = 0.26, I2 = 98%, k = 7). Conversely, problematic SMU showed a negative correlation with subjective (ES = -0.14, 95% CI: -0.20, -0.09; p = 0.00, I2 = 93.3%, k = 25) and PWB (ES = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.31, -0.06; p = 0.01, I2 = 95%, k = 5), with two outliers removed. No publication bias was detected. Subgroup analysis highlighted effects of "sampling method" (p < 0.05), "study quality" (p < 0.05), "developmental status" (p < 0.05), "forms of social media" (p < 0.05), and "type of population" (p < 0.01) on the estimated pooled effect sizes. Although univariate meta-regression showed the effects of "% of Internet users" (p < 0.05) and "male%" (p < 0.05), and multivariate meta-regression showed the combined effect of moderators only on the relationship between problematic SMU and subjective well-being.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tefera Y, Williams C, Stankov I, Kickbusch I. Digital determinants of health: Futureproofing the health promotion community to navigate societal digital transformation. Health Promot J Austr 2024. [PMID: 39192540 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yonatal Tefera
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre for Health in All Policies Research Translation, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carmel Williams
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Centre for Health in All Policies Research Translation, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ivana Stankov
- UniSA Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ilona Kickbusch
- Digital Transformations for Health Lab, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qiu Y, Zhao X, Liu J, Li Z, Wu M, Qiu L, Xiong Z, Wang X, Yang F. Understanding the relationship between smartphone distraction, social withdrawal, digital stress, and depression among college students: A cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35465. [PMID: 39166051 PMCID: PMC11334876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Smartphone distraction considerably affects the depression level of college students. These two variables are highly associated with social withdrawal and digital distress. However, the underlying mechanisms of how social withdrawal and digital stress were involved in the relationship between smartphone distraction and depression remain unclear. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in seven colleges of Wuhan, Hubei Province, from September to November 2021. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. Smartphone distraction, social withdrawal, digital stress, and depression level were assessed using the Smartphone Distraction Scale (SDS), 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25), Multidimensional Digital Stress Scale (DSS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. All scales demonstrated good reliability in this study, the reliability of each scale was 0.920, 0.884, 0.959, and 0.942. Results The final analysis included 1184 students (692 males and 492 females), aged between 17 and 37 years. Participants were from various academic disciplines, including medical and non-medical. The findings revealed that smartphone distraction had a significant direct effect on depression (c = 0.073, 95 % CI: 0.037 to 0.108, p < 0.001) and three significant indirect mediation effects: (1) social withdrawal (B = 0.083, 95 % CI: 0.066 to 0.101, p < 0.001), accounting for 27.76 % of the total effect; (2) digital stress (B = 0.109, 95 % CI: 0.088 to 0.132, p < 0.001), accounting for 36.45 % of the total effect; and (3) the chain mediating roles of social withdrawal and digital stress (B = 0.034, 95 % CI: 0.026 to 0.043, p < 0.001), accounting for 11.37 % of the total effect. The total mediating effect was 75.59 %. Limitations This study is based on cross-sectional data, which limits the causality inference. Conclusions These findings suggest that educational institutions should identify college students with excessive smartphone use early and provide timely interventions to minimize negative outcomes. It is also significant to reduce the risk of social withdrawal and digital stress to maintain the physical and mental health development of college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Qiu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xueyang Zhao
- Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Man Wu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Lixin Qiu
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhenfang Xiong
- School of Nursing and Health Management, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan, 430212, China
| | - Xiaopan Wang
- School of Nursing and Health Management, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan, 430212, China
- Department of Nursing, Hubei Provincial Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, 430015, China
| | - Fen Yang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Z, Zhou M. The impact of social media information exposure on appearance anxiety in young acne patients: a moderated chain mediation model. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1409980. [PMID: 39156816 PMCID: PMC11327936 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1409980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The boom of social media has provided a wider space for ordinary people to display themselves, but visual presentation has also intensified the focus on appearance, which in turn triggers anxiety about appearance. The study aims to investigate the impact of social media information exposure on appearance anxiety in young acne patients and the pathways and mechanisms that cause this effect. Methods A moderated chain mediation model was constructed, and a questionnaire was used to collect information on social media information exposure, internalization of beauty ideals, fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem, and appearance anxiety in young acne patients (N = 382), and the relationships between the variables were explored through regression analysis. Results The results show that there was a significant path of effect (t > 2.5, p < 0.05) between social media information exposure, internalization of beauty ideals, fear of negative evaluation, and appearance anxiety. Self-esteem significantly moderated the relationship between social media information exposure and internalization of beauty ideals (t < -2, p < 0.05). Discussion In conclusion, in young acne patients, internalization of beauty ideals and fear of negative evaluation chain mediated the association between social media information exposure and appearance anxiety, and young acne patients' internalization of beauty ideals was inversely correlated with their level of self-esteem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Zhang
- College of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mytton OT, Donaldson L, Goddings AL, Mathews G, Ward JL, Greaves F, Viner RM. Changing patterns of health risk in adolescence: implications for health policy. Lancet Public Health 2024; 9:e629-e634. [PMID: 38996502 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time of physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development. This period is a very sensitive developmental window; environmental exposures, the development of health behaviours (eg, smoking and physical activity), and illness during adolescence can have implications for lifelong health. In the UK and other high-income countries, the experience of adolescence has changed profoundly over the past 20 years. Smoking, drug use, and alcohol consumption have all been in long-term decline. At the same time, obesity and mental ill health have increased and are now common among adolescents, with new risks (ie, vaping, psychoactive substances, and online harms) emerging. In this Viewpoint, we describe these and related trends in England and the UK. Although previous work has explored these changes in isolation, in this Viewpoint we consider them collectively. We explore what might be driving the changes and consider the implications for practice, policy, and research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver T Mytton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Liam Donaldson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Anne-Lise Goddings
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; River Island Academic Centre, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Gabrielle Mathews
- UCL Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph L Ward
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Felix Greaves
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Russell M Viner
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang J, Peng C, Chen C. Mental health and academic performance of college students: Knowledge in the field of mental health, self-control, and learning in college. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 248:104351. [PMID: 38905949 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of mental health on the academic performance of junior and senior students studying in a university setting during the 2022-2023 academic year, in the post-COVID period. The study was conducted in Beijing, China, with the participation of 600 students, including 300 first-year students and 300 fifth-year students. DASS (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale) and PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) questionnaires were employed to measure mental health. The DASS assesses symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, while the PHQ-9 specifically evaluates depression severity. Academic performance was evaluated using a 12-point scale, which incorporated various criteria such as exam scores, coursework performance, and participation in extracurricular activities. The research was conducted across five faculties of the university from 2022 to 2023. In the study, fifth-year students demonstrated a higher level of mental health compared to first-year students, with an average DASS score of 27.1 and 24.2, respectively. Interestingly, despite this, first-year students achieved higher academic performance indicators, with an average score of 8.2 compared to 9.8 in fifth-year students. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between stress, depression, and anxiety levels with academic performance (stress: r = -0.25, p < 0.001; depression: r = -0.20, p = 0.003; anxiety: r = -0.18, p = 0.008). These findings highlight the critical importance of addressing students' mental well-being, particularly in later academic years. Recommendations include implementing support programs and developing online resources for students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, Cangzhou, China
| | - Chun Peng
- Department of Physical Education, Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, Cangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Economics and Trade, Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, Cangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Brown B, Browne DT. Youth mental health in a Canadian community sample during COVID-19: Exploring the role of perceived sense of belonging. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 52:720-738. [PMID: 38843405 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Research has linked broad societal changes related to the COVID-19 pandemic and poorer mental health in young people. There remains a pressing need for studies examining the factors that are associated with better mental health and well-being. The current study addresses this gap using a community-based survey called the Waterloo Region Youth Impact Survey. It was designed in partnership with local youth and the Canadian Index of Well-Being in accordance with United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund guidelines. Using a convenience sampling methodology, this survey was developed to explore the domains, rates, and correlates of well-being and mental health among youth during the pandemic (N = 297). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to identify dimensions related to children's social environment (friends, school, family), sense of belonging, mental health, and well-being. Subsequently, a mediation model was tested. The relationship between children's environments and mental health and well-being operated via perceived sense of belonging. Findings shed light on patterns of youth mental health and well-being during the pandemic, illustrating the role of belonging as a promotive factor with public health relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dillon T Browne
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen S, Zhang H, Gao M, Machado DB, Jin H, Scherer N, Sun W, Sha F, Smythe T, Ford TJ, Kuper H. Dose-Dependent Association Between Body Mass Index and Mental Health and Changes Over Time. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:797-806. [PMID: 38748415 PMCID: PMC11097104 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Importance Overweight and obesity affect 340 million adolescents worldwide and constitute a risk factor for poor mental health. Understanding the association between body mass index (BMI) and mental health in adolescents may help to address rising mental health issues; however, existing studies lack comprehensive evaluations spanning diverse countries and periods. Objective To estimate the association between BMI and mental health and examine changes over time from 2002 to 2018. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a repeated multicountry cross-sectional study conducted between 2002 and 2018 and utilizing data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Europe and North America. The study population consisted of more than 1 million adolescents aged 11 to 15 years, with all surveyed children included in the analysis. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to March 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Mental health difficulties were measured by an 8-item scale for psychological concerns, scoring from 0 to 32, where a higher score reflects greater psychosomatic issues. BMI was calculated using weight divided by height squared and adjusted for age and sex. Data were fitted by multilevel generalized additive model. Confounders included sex, living with parents, sibling presence, academic pressure, the experience of being bullied, family affluence, screen time, and physical activity. Results Our analysis of 1 036 869 adolescents surveyed from 2002 to 2018, with a mean (SD) age of 13.55 (1.64) years and comprising 527 585 girls (50.9%), revealed a consistent U-shaped association between BMI and mental health. After accounting for confounders, adolescents with low body mass and overweight or obesity had increased psychosomatic symptoms compared to those with healthy weight (unstandardized β, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.19; unstandardized β, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.30; and unstandardized β, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.67, respectively), while adolescents with underweight had fewer symptoms (unstandardized β, -0.18; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.15). This association was observed across different years, sex, and grade, indicating a broad relevance to adolescent mental health. Compared to 2002, psychosomatic concerns increased significantly in 2006 (unstandardized β, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.26), 2010 (unstandardized β, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.22), 2014 (unstandardized β, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.56), and 2018 (unstandardized β, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.89). Girls reported significantly higher psychosomatic concerns than boys (unstandardized β, 2.27; 95% CI, 2.25 to 2.30). Compared to primary school, psychosomatic concerns rose significantly in middle school (unstandardized β, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.18) and in high school (unstandardized β, 2.12; 95% CI, 2.09 to 2.15). Conclusions and Relevance Our study revealed a U-shaped association between adolescent BMI and mental health, which was consistent across sex and grades and became stronger over time. These insights emphasize the need for targeted interventions addressing body image and mental health, and call for further research into underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanquan Chen
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Gao
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daiane Borges Machado
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Fiocruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Huajie Jin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel Scherer
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Sha
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tracey Smythe
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tamsin J. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Kuper
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee HY, Kim I, Kim J. Adolescents' Mental Health Concerns in Pre- and During COVID-19: Roles of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Emotional Resilience. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01726-x. [PMID: 39017766 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Limited research has explored the trend of adolescent mental health concerns pre- and during the COVID-19 pandemic and how such mental health concerns are explained by emotional resilience and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and severity of mental health concerns among U.S. adolescents and examine the mediating role of emotional resilience in the relationship between ACEs and mental health concerns (i.e., anxiety and depression). Using the 2018-2021 National Survey of Children's Health, we analyzed a large sample of 12-17 aged adolescents. Descriptive statistics of the prevalence and severity of mental health concerns were conducted. Further, four separate mediation analyses were conducted to examine the association between ACEs, emotional resilience, and mental health concerns for each year. Two key findings are as follows. First, the prevalence and severity of mental health concerns have shown an upward trend across pre- and during COVID-19. Second, all paths in the mediation models were found to be statistically associated with one another over four years. We used parents' reports for variables of interest; further we used a single item to capture emotional resilience. This study not only demonstrates the trend of adolescent mental health concerns before and during COVID-19 but also highlights the crucial role of emotional resilience as a mediator of ACEs and mental health concerns. Findings emphasize the imperative for prevention and intervention efforts to strengthen adolescents' emotional capacity to cope with childhood adversities and additional life challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yeon Lee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Isak Kim
- Department of Counseling, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vagka E, Gnardellis C, Lagiou A, Notara V. Smartphone Use and Social Media Involvement in Young Adults: Association with Nomophobia, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) and Self-Esteem. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:920. [PMID: 39063496 PMCID: PMC11277010 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Excessive smartphone use and dependence on social media give rise to multiple issues that negatively affect the overall well-being of individuals. Nomophobia is characterized as a "digital disease" due to the unlimited use of smartphone devices. The aim of this study is to examine smartphone use and social media involvement in association with nomophobia and psychological traits (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress, and self-esteem) of young adults. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted on 1408 Greek undergraduate students aged 18 to 25 years, using an anonymous self-reported questionnaire. Study data were collected through the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Participants' social media engagement was summarized through four variables: use of social media applications, number of friends, number of followers, and number of messages exchanged daily on social media. High levels of nomophobia were associated with high engagement in social media and, thereby, with a high number of friends. The same applies to participants with high/normal self-esteem compared to those with low. Regarding stress, anxiety and depression were not associated with digital network use, while elevated stress and anxiety seemed to play a negative role in the number of online followers. In addition, high levels of anxiety were correlated to an increased number of messages exchanged through social media applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elissavet Vagka
- Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece; (E.V.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| | - Charalambos Gnardellis
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Patras, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece; (E.V.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| | - Venetia Notara
- Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece; (E.V.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Merino M, Tornero-Aguilera JF, Rubio-Zarapuz A, Villanueva-Tobaldo CV, Martín-Rodríguez A, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Body Perceptions and Psychological Well-Being: A Review of the Impact of Social Media and Physical Measurements on Self-Esteem and Mental Health with a Focus on Body Image Satisfaction and Its Relationship with Cultural and Gender Factors. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1396. [PMID: 39057539 PMCID: PMC11276240 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review examines the interplay among body image perceptions, social media influence, physical measurements, and their impact on psychological well-being, focusing on the roles of cultural and gender differences and the need to understand the research methodologies employed in this field. In the age of digital proliferation, platforms like Instagram and Facebook have reshaped body image concerns, often leading to increased dissatisfaction and psychological distress due to constant exposure to idealized images and a culture of social comparison. Physical attributes such as weight, height, and BMI are scrutinized under societal standards of health and attractiveness, contributing to a spectrum of mental health issues including low self-esteem, depression, and eating disorders. This examination reveals how cultural norms and gender expectations further complicate body image perceptions, affecting individuals differently based on societal and personal ideals. It synthesizes current research and types of methods to illuminate how these factors together influence mental health and self-esteem, advocating for comprehensive interventions and policy measures aimed at mitigating body dissatisfaction and promoting a healthier, more inclusive understanding of body image. By delving into the complexities of body image satisfaction and its psychological implications, this review highlights the necessity of addressing these concerns within public health and social policy frameworks, underscoring the importance of a multifaceted approach to enhance individual and societal well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Merino
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (J.F.T.-A.); (A.M.-R.)
| | | | - Alejandro Rubio-Zarapuz
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (J.F.T.-A.); (A.M.-R.)
| | | | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (J.F.T.-A.); (A.M.-R.)
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.); (J.F.T.-A.); (A.M.-R.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ehsan H, Ramakee AW, Barakati T, Yosufi A, Azimi S, Aminpoor H, Eshraqi AM, Kamal F, Ghazanfari F, Ibrahimkhil MA, Nikyar ME, Karimi AS. The Impact of Social Media in Afghanistan: A Multi-Disciplinary Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:3121-3139. [PMID: 39045489 PMCID: PMC11264374 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s468845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The rapid growth of social media has profoundly transformed communication, community building, and information sharing worldwide. In Afghanistan, the proliferation of social media platforms has significantly impacted the social, cultural, and political landscape, particularly among the youth. Objective This multi-disciplinary study aims to explore the diverse effects of social media on Afghan youth, focusing on usage patterns, mental health implications, entertainment-driven time allocation, financial expenditures, exposure to explicit content, and academic performance. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between September and December 2023, gathering responses from 1556 participants (67% males, 33% females) through various social media platforms. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, employing statistical tests such as ANOVA and Chi-Square to examine relationships between social media usage and its impacts. Results The study reveals significant links between social media usage and demographic, behavioral, and mental health factors. Key findings include Facebook as the most used platform (83.6%), with the majority of participants spending 1-3 hours daily on social media. Age differences in time spent were significant (F=15.64, p<0.001). Entertainment was the primary use (45.5%), with gender differences in engagement levels. High anxiety (78.5%) and moderate depression (38.3%) were reported. Significant associations between social media use and mental health were found (eg, χ2=591.87, p<0.001 for nervousness). Excessive use negatively impacted study habits, with 25.7% feeling it hindered their academic performance. Conclusion This study highlights the multifaceted impacts of social media on Afghan youth, including both positive aspects like enhanced communication and empowerment and negative aspects such as mental health issues and academic challenges. The significant relationships between social media usage and various life aspects underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote healthy digital habits and mitigate adverse effects. Further research is recommended to explore long-term impacts and effective strategies for managing social media use among Afghan youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hedayatullah Ehsan
- Medical Sciences Research Center, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | | | - Tamana Barakati
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Abubakr Yosufi
- Medical School, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Shamila Azimi
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Hasibullah Aminpoor
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Ali Maisam Eshraqi
- Department of Endodontics, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Fariha Kamal
- Department of Oral Medicine, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Farahnaz Ghazanfari
- Department of Endodontics, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | | | | | - Ali Sina Karimi
- Medical Sciences Research Center, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang Y(S, Law M, Vaghri Z. New Brunswick's mental health action plan: A quantitative exploration of program efficacy in children and youth using the Canadian Community Health Survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301008. [PMID: 38848408 PMCID: PMC11161078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2011, the New Brunswick government released the New Brunswick Mental Health Action Plan 2011-2018 (Action Plan). Following the release of the Action Plan in 2011, two progress reports were released in 2013 and 2015, highlighting the implementation status of the Action Plan. While vague in their language, these reports indicated considerable progress in implementing the Action Plan, as various initiatives were undertaken to raise awareness and provide additional resources to facilitate early prevention and intervention in children and youth. However, whether these initiatives have yielded measurable improvements in population-level mental health outcomes in children and youth remains unclear. The current study explored the impact of the Action Plan by visualizing the trend in psychosocial outcomes and service utilization of vulnerable populations in New Brunswick before and after the implementation of the Action Plan using multiple datasets from the Canadian Community Health Survey. Survey-weighted ordinary least square regression analyses were performed to investigate measurable improvements in available mental health outcomes. The result revealed a declining trend in the mental wellness of vulnerable youth despite them consistently reporting higher frequencies of mental health service use. This study highlights the need for a concerted effort in providing effective mental health services to New Brunswick youth and, more broadly, Canadian youth, as well as ensuring rigorous routine outcome monitoring and evaluation plans are consistently implemented for future mental health strategies at the time of their initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi (Stanford) Yang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Applied Science, and Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Moira Law
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, St. Mary’s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ziba Vaghri
- Global Child Program, Integrated Health Initiative, Faculty of Business, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lazzareschi I, Curatola A, DE Pascalis S, Bernardo L, Gatto A, Ferretti S, Valentini P, Ferrara P. Use of multimedia devices in pediatric age: risks or advantages? A survey in an Italian center. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2024; 76:372-380. [PMID: 38842381 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.06097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays children live in a digital world, exposed to relevant risks for their health and safety. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of multimedia devices in a sample of children and adolescents. METHODS The study was performed between November 2018 and June 2019 in a third-level University Hospital, recruiting children and adolescents during general or specialistic follow-up visits. Anonymous, age-specific, questionnaires were distributed to 500 children and adolescents and 370 parents. RESULTS Among children, 25 (17.1%) had their own mobile device, of which 84% Italian. The 54.1% of them uses multimedia devices half an hour/an hour per day and many of them (37.5% of Italian and 40% of foreign) use it without their parents' control. Most of adolescents had a mobile phone since the age of 10-12 years old. WhatsApp (Meta Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA) is the most used social network, followed by Instagram and Facebook. The use of multimedia devices was widespread between teenagers during classroom hours, meals and before sleeping and they are an important mean for cyberbullying. In addition, in the 29.9% of cases there is no correspondence between information given by parents and respective sons/daughters. CONCLUSIONS This study shows more risks than advantages derived from the use of multimedia devices in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is essential to educate them about their correct and responsible use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lazzareschi
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Curatola
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy -
| | | | - Luca Bernardo
- ASST FBF Sacco Pediatric Home, Macedonio Melloni Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Gatto
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Ferretti
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Valentini
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Ferrara
- Pediatric Institute, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Minich M, Moreno M. Real-world adolescent smartphone use is associated with improvements in mood: An ecological momentary assessment study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298422. [PMID: 38809836 PMCID: PMC11135750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rates of adolescent mood disorders and adolescent smartphone use have risen in parallel, leading some to suggest that smartphone use might have detrimental effects on adolescents' moods. Alternatively, it is possible that adolescents turn to smartphone use when experiencing negative mood. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between adolescent smartphone use and mood using a longitudinal methodology that measured both in real-time. METHOD This study used an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) procedure completed by 253 12-17-year old participants from across the United States. Participants received short surveys delivered to their smartphones at random points throughout the day. Measures included real-time, in-situ assessments of smartphone use, current mood, and mood before smartphone use. RESULTS Based on tests of a multilevel regression model, adolescent moods were positively associated with smartphone use (β = 0.261, F(1,259.49) = 19.120, p < 0.001), and that mood was positively associated with the length of phone use sessions (length of phone use β = 0.100, F(1, 112.88) = 5.616, p = 0.020). Participants also reported significant changes in mood during phone use, such that moods before phone use were significantly lower than moods during phone use (MChange = 0.539, t(2491) = 23.174, p < 0.001). Change in mood (mood before minus mood during phone use) was positively associated with the length of smartphone use sessions (β = 0.097, F(1,122.20) = 4.178, p = 0.043), such that participants who had a higher change in mood were more likely to report a longer length of smartphone use. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that adolescent smartphone use is positively associated with mood. This finding may suggest that adolescents use smartphones for mood modification, which aligns with an understanding of smartphone use as potentially addictive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matt Minich
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Megan Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hartwell G, Gill M, Zenone M, McKee M. Smartphones, social media, and teenage mental health. BMJ 2024; 385:e079828. [PMID: 38806185 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2024-079828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Greg Hartwell
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Maeve Gill
- Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marco Zenone
- Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Martin McKee
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Oh WO, Heo YJ. Exploring the Link Between Smartphone Overdependence, Depression, and Suicidal Behaviors Through the Mediating Effect of Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among South Korean Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study Using National Big Data. J Pediatr Health Care 2024; 38:298-309. [PMID: 38244009 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined how lifestyle risk behaviors mediate the relationship between smartphone overdependence, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior in adolescents. METHOD Based on a secondary analysis of national survey data obtained in 2020 in South Korea, this study had 54,948 participating adolescents. Multiple logistic regression and mediating effect analyses were used to assess the relationships between the study variables. RESULTS Adolescents' lifestyle risk behaviors partially mediated the link between smartphone overdependence and depression (Z = 6.86, p < .001), suicidal ideation (Z = 7.04, p < .001), and suicidal planning (Z = 4.59, p < .001). DISCUSSION This is the first study to examine the mediating role of comprehensive lifestyle behaviors, not single habits, in the relationship between smartphone overdependence, depression, and suicidal behaviors. Encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviors in adolescents can help alleviate the link between smartphone overdependence and mental health problems.
Collapse
|
30
|
Prafull K, Rao A, Doijad V, Patil P, Daulatabad VS, John NA. Impact of smartphone on mental health among medical undergraduates: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:137. [PMID: 38784258 PMCID: PMC11114545 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_806_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphones have become an indispensable part of almost everyone's life. India has now become the leading and second-largest Smartphone market in the world. It has been noted that the purpose of Smartphone usage has exceptionally changed over the past few years, especially among students, professionals, and the common man. Smartphones have now become essential and the need of the hour, and medical students are no exception. Smartphones can make "smart students smarter"! There are now 10,275 unique applications labeled under the "Medical" and "Healthcare and Fitness" categories. The common medical applications used are MedCalc, Drug Infusion, Flashcards, Encyclopedia, Merck Manual, Medscape, PubMed, Epocrates, MedlinePlus, Lab test applications, Medical Dictionary, Eponyms etc. Despite the advantages and needs of smartphones, they have proven to be a source of potential hazard to human health, not only physical but also mental, social, and emotional well-being. There is consistent evidence for co-morbidity (such as obesity, heart diseases, neck and back pain, etc.) between excessive smartphone use and other psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, obsessive and compulsive disorder (OCD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) similar to internet addiction. The significant association of this addiction with poorer sleep quality and higher perceived stress has been a cause for concern. Hence, further investigation to explore the association between smartphone addiction and mental health, this study was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study was undertaken in Dr VMGMC, Solapur, from June to August 2022, after obtaining approval from the ethical committee, approval number 172/22. Total voluntary participation for the study was 600 (from first to final year), and accordingly convenient sample size was taken. RESULTS We found that out of the total participants, 42% of the participants had an average screen time of 4-6 h daily. A very small percentage of participants (4%) spent less than two hours in front of a screen. Alarmingly, 65% of the participants had an average screen time of more than 4 hours, which puts them at risk for the negative health impacts of prolonged screen time. Around 12% of them had symptoms of mild stress, 10.3% for mild anxiety, and 15.6% for mild depression. 10.6% had symptoms of moderate stress, 23.3% for moderate anxiety, and 16% for moderate depression. A small proportion of undergraduates, that is, 5%, 16%, and 11.6%, had symptoms of severe and extremely severe stress, anxiety, and depression, respectively. CONCLUSION The study participants did not feel a lot of stress, anxiety, or depression symptoms when smartphones were used judiciously and mostly for non-social purposes (such as studying, listening to music, or watching videos). This investigation led us to the conclusion that there are some positive effects of smartphones on mental health. However, those who spent an excessive amount of time on their smartphones for social contact, with an average screen time of 5 h, showed signs of mild to moderate sadness, moderate anxiety, and tension, demonstrating that social media had a negative impact on the mental health of medical undergraduates. Therefore, efforts should be made to inform medical students about how using a smartphone is harming their mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Prafull
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aditi Rao
- Final MBBS Student, Dr V M Govt Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vinayak Doijad
- Physiology, Dr V M Govt Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Parag Patil
- Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Nitin Ashok John
- Final MBBS Student, Dr V M Govt Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zimmermann E, Tomczyk S. Fostering Digital Life Skills Through Social Media With Adolescents in 6 German States: Protocol for an Accessibility Study According to the RE-AIM Framework. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e51085. [PMID: 38631035 PMCID: PMC11063895 DOI: 10.2196/51085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media is essential in the lives of adolescents, with 97% of US teenagers engaging daily. While it facilitates communication, learning, and identity development, it also poses risks like harmful content exposure and psychological distress, particularly for adolescents in their critical developmental stage. Teaching digital life skills innovatively counters these risks, adapting traditional competencies such as decision-making, problem-solving, creative and critical thinking, communication, interpersonal skills, self-awareness, empathy, and emotional and stress management to digital challenges. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the accessibility of the "leduin" program, a novel intervention designed to impart digital life skills through Instagram. The program aims to leverage social media's educational potential, focusing on effective strategies to engage adolescents. Emphasizing accessibility is crucial, as it determines the program's overall impact. METHODS The leduin program, developed through intervention mapping, applies behavior change techniques via social media for 9th and 10th graders. It is a 14-week spaced learning curriculum with daily sessions <5 minutes. Emphasizing the "reach" aspect of the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) model, the recruitment targets diverse educational settings across 6 German states, aiming for inclusivity. Recruitment will involve schools, youth centers, and therapeutic facilities. The study seeks at least 128 participants, a calculated minimum to detect medium-sized effects in the quasi-experimental design and explore varying engagement levels and program responses. Data collection includes preintervention, postintervention, and 6-month follow-up surveys, using multilevel regression, latent growth models, and qualitative analysis to extensively assess reach and gain first insights on effectiveness, acceptance, implementation, and maintenance. The study aims to reveal key factors influencing program participation and interaction; a detailed analysis of engagement patterns will reveal the effectiveness of the recruitment strategies and barriers to participation. Additionally, initial indications of the program's impact on life skills, social media-related skills, health status, risk behaviors, and academic performance will be analyzed. RESULTS Recruitment was planned from May 2023 until the beginning of the leduin program in October 2023. As of March 2024, we have recruited 283 participants. CONCLUSIONS The leduin program stands as an innovative and essential initiative in adolescent health promotion, harnessing the power of social media to teach important digital life skills. This study highlights the critical role of accessibility in the success of social media interventions. Effective adolescent engagement strategies are imperative, as they dictate the overall impact of such interventions. The insights gained from this study will be instrumental in shaping future programs, laying groundwork for a subsequent, more comprehensive cluster-randomized controlled trial. The study's design acknowledges the limitations of the current quasi-experimental approach, including the anticipated sample size and the absence of a control group, and aims to provide a foundational understanding for future research in this field. TRIAL REGISTRATION Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00032308; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00032308. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/51085.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Zimmermann
- Institute for Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Samuel Tomczyk
- Institute for Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Polillo A, Cleverley K, Wiljer D, Mishna F, Voineskos AN. Digital Disconnection: A Qualitative Study of Youth and Young Adult Perspectives on Cyberbullying and the Adoption of Auto-Detection or Software Tools. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:837-846. [PMID: 38206225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.11.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to understand the needs of youth and young adults, current gaps around safeguarding social media, and factors affecting adoption of data-driven auto-detection or software tools. METHODS This qualitative study is the first step of a larger initiative that aims to use participatory action research and co-design principles to develop a digital tool that targets cyberbullying. Youth and young adults aged 16-21 years were recruited to participate in semistructured focus groups between March 2020 and November 2021. Thematic analysis was used to develop themes, with a member-checking process to validate the findings. RESULTS Six focus groups were completed with 39 participants and five themes were generated from the analysis. Participants described the mental health impacts of cyberbullying on young people, the stigma associated with it, and the need for more mental health resources. They felt that additional efforts are needed to improve the school environment, school-based interventions, and training protocols to ensure that youth feel safe reporting cyberbullying. Most participants were open to using a digital solution but raised concerns around the trustworthiness of artificial intelligence and wanted it to be co-designed with young people, integrated across platforms, informed by data-driven decisions, and transparent with users. DISCUSSION Youth and young adults are accepting of a low-risk digital cyberbullying solution as current interventions are not meeting their needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Polillo
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristin Cleverley
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Wiljer
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; UHN Digital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faye Mishna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yun H, Choi EK. Association between smartphone overdependence and mental health in South Korean adolescents: a secondary data analysis. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2024; 30:87-96. [PMID: 38712458 PMCID: PMC11082507 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2024.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The rising prevalence of smartphone overdependence among adolescents and its detrimental impact on mental health have become a growing concern. This study aimed to investigate the association between smartphone overdependence and the mental health of Korean adolescents. METHODS Participants were drawn from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey conducted in 2020. The dependent variable as smartphone overdependence, while the main exposure of interest was mental health, encompassing generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), perceived stress, sources of perceived stress, perceived loneliness, and perceived depressive symptoms. The study employed the Rao-Scott chi-square test and multiple logistic regression using IBM SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS The participants comprised 54,948 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years. Among them, 25.1% (n=13,775) were categorized as smartphone overdependence group. Specifically, 20.3% of adolescents who reported GAD ≥10 and 22.5% of those who reported experiencing high levels of perceived loneliness were identified as smartphone overdependent. The GAD increased a risk of smartphone overdependence by 2.61 times (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.46-2.77). Perceived loneliness was associated with 1.98-fold (95% CI: 1.87-2.09) increased risk of smartphone overdependence. Additionally, conflict with peers was found to increase the risk of smartphone overdependence by 4.63-fold (95% CI: 3.89-5.52), followed by conflict with parents (odds ratio [OR]: 4.52, 95% CI: 3.84-5.31), and family environment (OR: 4.52, 95% CI: 3.75-5.46). CONCLUSION The findings underscore a significant association between smartphone overdependence and mental health in Korean adolescents. Healthcare services to improve their emotional coping and interpersonal skills are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeseon Yun
- Doctoral Candidate, College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Choi
- Associate Professor, College of Nursing ∙ Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Keyes KM, Platt JM. Annual Research Review: Sex, gender, and internalizing conditions among adolescents in the 21st century - trends, causes, consequences. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:384-407. [PMID: 37458091 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Internalizing conditions of psychopathology include depressive and anxiety disorders; they most often onset in adolescence, are relatively common, and contribute to significant population morbidity and mortality. In this research review, we present the evidence that internalizing conditions, including depression and anxiety, as well as psychological distress, suicidal thoughts and self-harm, and fatal suicide, are considerably increasing in adolescent populations across many countries. Evidence indicates that increases are currently greatest in female adolescents. We present an epidemiological framework for evaluating the causes of these increases, and synthesize research on whether several established risk factors (e.g., age of pubertal transition and stressful life events) and novel risk factors (e.g., digital technology and social media) meet conditions necessary to be plausible causes of increases in adolescent internalizing conditions. We conclude that there are a multitude of potential causes of increases in adolescent internalizing conditions, outline evidence gaps including the lack of research on nonbinary and gender nonconforming populations, and recommend necessary prevention and intervention foci from a clinical and public health perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M Platt
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Marzo RR, Jun Chen HW, Ahmad A, Thew HZ, Choy JS, Ng CH, Chew CLA, Heidler P, King I, Shrestha R, Rahman F, Rana JA, Khoshtaria T, Matin A, Todua N, Küçük Biçer B, Faller E, Tudy RA, Baldonado A, Penamante CA, Bahari R, Younus DA, Ismail ZM, Lotfizadeh M, Hassan SM, Iliya RS, Inyang AE, Maung Maung T, Oo WM, Myint O, Khadka A, Acharya S, Aye SS, Naing TW, Win MT, Kyaw YW, Thapa PP, Khanal J, Bhattacharya S, Abid K, Fahlevi M, Aljuaid M, El-Abasir RA, Elsayed MEG. The evolving role of social media in enhancing quality of life: a global perspective across 10 countries. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:28. [PMID: 38449000 PMCID: PMC10918911 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive or inappropriate use of social media has been linked to disruptions in regular work, well-being, mental health, and overall reduction of quality of life. However, a limited number of studies documenting the impact of social media on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are available globally. AIM This study aimed to explore the perceived social media needs and their impact on the quality of life among the adult population of various selected countries. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional, quantitative design and analytical study utilized an online survey disseminated from November to December 2021. RESULTS A total of 6689 respondents from ten countries participated in the study. The largest number of respondents was from Malaysia (23.9%), followed by Bangladesh (15.5%), Georgia (14.8%), and Turkey (12.2%). The prevalence of social media users was over 90% in Austria, Georgia, Myanmar, Nigeria, and the Philippines. The majority of social media users were from the 18-24 age group. Multiple regression analysis showed that higher education level was positively correlated with all four domains of WHOQoL. In addition, the psychological health domain of quality of life was positively associated in all countries. Predictors among Social Media Needs, Affective Needs (β = -0.07), and Social Integrative Needs (β = 0.09) were significantly associated with psychological health. CONCLUSION The study illuminates the positive correlation between higher education levels and improved life quality among social media users, highlighting an opportunity for policymakers to craft education-focused initiatives that enhance well-being. The findings call for strategic interventions to safeguard the mental health of the global social media populace, particularly those at educational and health disadvantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Rillera Marzo
- Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia.
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hana W Jun Chen
- International Medical School, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40610, Malaysia
| | - Absar Ahmad
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Hui Zhu Thew
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ja Shen Choy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Han Ng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chen Loong Alyx Chew
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Petra Heidler
- Institute International Trade and Sustainable Economy, University of Applied Sciences Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Department of Health Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Isabel King
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Rajeev Shrestha
- Palliative Care and Chronic Disease, Green Pastures Hospital, PO Box 28, Pokhara, Province Gandaki, 33700, Nepal
| | - Farzana Rahman
- Department of Research & Administration, Bangladesh National Nutrition Council, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jehan Akhter Rana
- Department of Coordination, National Nutrition Council, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tornike Khoshtaria
- Faculty of Healthcare Economics and Management, University Geomedi, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Arian Matin
- School of Business, International Black Sea University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nugzar Todua
- School of Economics and Business, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Burcu Küçük Biçer
- Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erwin Faller
- Pharmacy Department, School of Allied Health Sciences, San Pedro College, Davao City, Philippines
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Randy A Tudy
- Faculty of the College of Education, University of Southeastern Philippines, Davao City, Philippines
| | - Aries Baldonado
- College of Nursing, Saint Alexius College, Koronadal City, Philippines
| | - Criselle Angeline Penamante
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Rafidah Bahari
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Delan Ameen Younus
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Zjwan Mohammed Ismail
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnique University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Masoud Lotfizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shehu Muhammad Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Asari E Inyang
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Theingi Maung Maung
- Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology, Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Win Myint Oo
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Ohnmar Myint
- Regional Public Health Department, Ayeyarwady Region, Pathein, Myanmar
| | - Anil Khadka
- Department of Public Health Modern Technical College Affiliated to Pokhara University, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Swosti Acharya
- Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Centre, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Soe Soe Aye
- Department of Paediatrics, RCSI Program Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thein Win Naing
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Myat Thida Win
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Ye Wint Kyaw
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Josana Khanal
- Department of Public Health (Purbanchal University), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sudip Bhattacharya
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Khadijah Abid
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mochammad Fahlevi
- Management Department, BINUS Online Learning, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Aljuaid
- Department of Health Administration, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Radwa Abdullah El-Abasir
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Mohamed E G Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sahoo P, Mishra M, Das SC. Social media impact on psychological well-being-A cross-sectional study among the adolescents of Odisha. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:859-863. [PMID: 38736810 PMCID: PMC11086770 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_325_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological well-being encapsulates positive dimensions, encompassing an individual's sense of mastery, autonomy, personal growth, and a profound connection with purpose and meaning in life. In the domain of mental well-being, research indicates that social media yields consequential outcomes, contributing to elevated levels of well-being, life satisfaction, and social support. The engagement of adolescents with social networking sites serves as a facilitator in fortifying existing friendships and cultivating new connections through online platforms. This, in consequence, alleviates social isolation and loneliness, thereby fostering a discernible enhancement in the mental health of adolescents. Method The study was conducted among 120 undergraduate students studying in different colleges of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The study was based on a 2 (social media use) ×2 (gender) factorial design with independent variables being the social media use (high use and low use) and gender (boys and girls) of the undergraduate students. All of the adolescents were in the age group of 17-19 years. Subjects were randomly selected from different undergraduate colleges of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software version 21. Results The sample consisted of 120 students from different colleges of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Comparisons of psychological well being mean scores of subjects indicated that high social media use had higher psychological well being than their low social media use among the counterparts. Psychological well being scores of the boys was found to be higher than girls, indicating that boys were psychologically healthier than their girl counterparts. Conclusion The finding of this study revealed that higher social media users had better perceived social support than lower social media users. Comparison of mean scores disclosed that boys and higher social media users had better psychological well-being than girls and lower social media users respectively. Social media is linked to social support and psychological wellbeing among the college students. This information will provide information to psychologists and public health specialist guiding their work with college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhudarsan Sahoo
- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Mausumi Mishra
- Department of Psychology, V. N. Autonomous College, Jajpur, Odisha, India
| | - Sai Chandan Das
- Department of Community Medicine, Fakir Mohan Medical College and Hospital, Balasore, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mohani MR, Phansopkar P, Seth NH, Fokmare PS. The Prevalence of Nomophobia in Medical Undergraduate Students of Central India. Cureus 2024; 16:e57056. [PMID: 38681298 PMCID: PMC11051670 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nomophobia is an emerging phobia resulting from people's excessive interaction with mobile phones. This phobia is rapidly increasing due to significant technological innovations and widespread acceptance and usage of mobile phones worldwide. Nomophobia is often associated with complications such as panic attacks, irritability, and anxiety. Smartphone usage is particularly high among the younger population, raising concerns as it generates distress and leads to various problems. This study aims to determine the prevalence of nomophobia among undergraduates. Method The study utilized the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) with a minimum sample size of 136. A total of 300 Google Forms (Google, Mountain View, California) were circulated, out of which 172 responses were received. A Google Form comprising 20 questions related to smartphone use and nomophobia was designed and distributed to all undergraduate students, who were requested to complete the form. The data based on their responses were subsequently analyzed. Results In this study, approximately 31.40% of students disagreed with experiencing panic when running out of credits or hitting monthly data limits. Additionally, 24.42% of students agreed that not having smartphones made them worried, as their family and friends could not contact them. About 16.86% of students strongly disagreed with feeling uneasy because they could not stay updated without their phones. Furthermore, 16.28% strongly agreed that they felt anxious due to the inability to contact their family and friends when not having smartphones. Conclusion It can be concluded from this study that nomophobia is present among undergraduate students. The overall usage of smartphones has increased in this population, highlighting the emergence of a serious disorder that warrants attention. Consequently, the usage of smartphones should be reduced through structured training programs, as this proves to be an effective method for enhancing undergraduates' understanding of the prevention and treatment of nomophobia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahek R Mohani
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pratik Phansopkar
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nikita H Seth
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pranali S Fokmare
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu J, Charmaraman L, Bickham D. Association Between Social Media Use and Substance Use Among Middle and High School-Aged Youth. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1039-1046. [PMID: 38419151 PMCID: PMC11062178 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2320372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of our study was to identify whether different aspects of social media use were associated with substance use among middle- and high school-aged youth. Methods: Participants were recruited from four Northeast U.S. middle schools and invited to complete an online survey in Fall 2019 and Fall 2020. We conducted separate adjusted logistic mixed effects models the substance use outcomes: ever use of alcohol, cannabis, e-cigarettes, tobacco cigarettes, prescription drugs, and multiple substances. Our sample included N = 586 participants (52.7% female, 58% White). Results: Seeing a social media post about drugs/alcohol in the past-12-months was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using alcohol, cannabis, e-cigarettes, and multiple substance use. Total number of social media sites ever used was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using cannabis, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and multiple substances. Checking social media every hour or more was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using alcohol. Higher problematic internet use score was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using cannabis, e-cigarettes, and multiple substances. Online social support seeking score was not associated substance use. Conclusions: Our findings support the need for substance use prevention and social media literacy education and screening to begin early, ideally in elementary school before youth are using social media and substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Liu
- REACH Lab Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University
| | - Linda Charmaraman
- Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Youth, Media, & Wellbeing Research Lab
| | - David Bickham
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
McAusland L, Burton CL, Bagnell A, Boylan K, Hatchard T, Lingley-Pottie P, Al Maruf A, McGrath P, Newton AS, Rowa K, Schachar RJ, Shaheen SM, Stewart S, Arnold PD, Crosbie J, Mattheisen M, Soreni N, Stewart SE, Meier S. The genetic architecture of youth anxiety: a study protocol. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:159. [PMID: 38395805 PMCID: PMC10885620 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric problems among Canadian youth and typically have an onset in childhood or adolescence. They are characterized by high rates of relapse and chronicity, often resulting in substantial impairment across the lifespan. Genetic factors play an important role in the vulnerability toward anxiety disorders. However, genetic contribution to anxiety in youth is not well understood and can change across developmental stages. Large-scale genetic studies of youth are needed with detailed assessments of symptoms of anxiety disorders and their major comorbidities to inform early intervention or preventative strategies and suggest novel targets for therapeutics and personalization of care. METHODS The Genetic Architecture of Youth Anxiety (GAYA) study is a Pan-Canadian effort of clinical and genetic experts with specific recruitment sites in Calgary, Halifax, Hamilton, Toronto, and Vancouver. Youth aged 10-19 (n = 13,000) will be recruited from both clinical and community settings and will provide saliva samples, complete online questionnaires on demographics, symptoms of mental health concerns, and behavioural inhibition, and complete neurocognitive tasks. A subset of youth will be offered access to a self-managed Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy resource. Analyses will focus on the identification of novel genetic risk loci for anxiety disorders in youth and assess how much of the genetic risk for anxiety disorders is unique or shared across the life span. DISCUSSION Results will substantially inform early intervention or preventative strategies and suggest novel targets for therapeutics and personalization of care. Given that the GAYA study will be the biggest genomic study of anxiety disorders in youth in Canada, this project will further foster collaborations nationally and across the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laina McAusland
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Christie L Burton
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexa Bagnell
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Khrista Boylan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Offord Center for Child Studies, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Child and Youth Mental Health Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Taylor Hatchard
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Youth Wellness Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Lingley-Pottie
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Abdullah Al Maruf
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Patrick McGrath
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amanda S Newton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen Rowa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Russell J Schachar
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S-M Shaheen
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sam Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Noam Soreni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Offord Center for Child Studies, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Pediatric OCD Consultation Service, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Evelyn Stewart
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandra Meier
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Borkett-Jones C, Thakur N, Roy P, Clayton-Payne A, Erdunast A, Wilkinson S, Mehta H, Jones AJ. A retrospective case review of young people referred for paediatric critical care transport following self-harm or a suicide attempt, 2015-2022. Arch Dis Child 2024; 109:262-263. [PMID: 38182267 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Borkett-Jones
- Children's Acute Transport Service (CATS), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Nitin Thakur
- Children's Acute Transport Service (CATS), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Prithwish Roy
- Paediatric and Neonatal Decision Support and Retrieval Service (PaNDR), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ali Clayton-Payne
- Children's Acute Transport Service (CATS), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Anna Erdunast
- Children's Acute Transport Service (CATS), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Simon Wilkinson
- Psychological and Mental Health Services (PAMHS), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Hiren Mehta
- Paediatric and Neonatal Decision Support and Retrieval Service (PaNDR), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Jones
- Children's Acute Transport Service (CATS), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research and Teaching Department, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zheng X, Yang M, Li W, Lin HC. The mediating roles of mental health problems and racial differences in the linkage between social media use and E-cigarette use among American youth. Prev Med 2024; 179:107842. [PMID: 38169240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social media use is shown to be linked to youth's e-cigarette use. However, less is known about the underlying mechanisms. This study examined the mediating roles of internalizing and externalizing problems in the association between youth's social media use and e-cigarette use, and the racial differences in the mediation association. METHODS The study sample included 4913 U.S. youth from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Waves 3-5 (2015-2019). Two weighted generalized structural equation models were conducted to examine the mediation pathways between youth's social media use (Wave 3) and past-30-day e-cigarette use (Wave 5) through internalizing and externalizing problems (Wave 4), respectively. Invariance tests were conducted to examine racial group differences. RESULTS Youth with high social media use frequency were more likely to use e-cigarettes (total effect: OR = 1.20, p < 0.001 in both internalizing and externalizing models). Internalizing and externalizing problems mediated the aforementioned associations (mediation proportions: 5.05% and 5.66%, respectively). The invariance tests indicated a significant difference between White and non-White groups (both ps < 0.001), where a larger proportion of mediation was found in the non-White group (12.22% for internalizing and 11.99% for externalizing) compared to their White counterparts (2.46% for internalizing and 3.17% for externalizing). CONCLUSIONS Mental health problems following social media use served as a risk factor for e-cigarette use among youth. Interventions aiming to improve youth's mental health could in turn temper e-cigarette use among youth social media users, and implementing tailored interventions in response to racial differences is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zheng
- School of Communication and Journalism, Stony Brook University, NY, United States of America
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America
| | - Wenbo Li
- School of Communication and Journalism, Stony Brook University, NY, United States of America
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Nawaz S, Bhowmik J, Linden T, Mitchell M. Validation of a modified problematic use of mobile phones scale to examine problematic smartphone use and dependence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24832. [PMID: 38312683 PMCID: PMC10835260 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the world population has experienced rapid and widespread adoption of smartphones due to their usefulness and convenience. However, researchers have identified a range of adverse behaviours associated with the adoption of smartphones and their higher use. These behaviours are collectively described as Problematic Smartphone Use and Dependence (PSUD). Despite growing research, the underlying processes and drivers leading to these behaviours are inadequately understood. This can partly be attributed to the absence of developed statistical tools and measures that allow researchers to build a comprehensive conceptual understanding of PSUD. To address this issue, this study proposes and evaluates a validated extension to the Problematic Use of Mobile Phones (PUMP) scale. The extension of this tool incorporates factors associated with substance dependence outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), including additional items to measure PSUD accurately, referred to as the modified problematic use of mobile phones (MPUMP) scale. The newly developed tool was used in a cross-sectional online survey during September and October 2022, drawing on 1018 adult Australian participants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were conducted to derive the underlying factors. The EFA revealed two distinct factors: Distraction and Dysregulation. Both factors exhibited high internal consistency, with Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant variations inthe identified factors' mean scores across different socio-demographic characteristics. The study provides evidence that the MPUMP scale is a validated and reliable measure for accurately assessing PSUD. The study findings offer novel insights into the psychosocial and physical aspects of PSUD, providing a foundation for exploring the causes and potential interventions for PSUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Nawaz
- Department of Computing Technologies, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - Jahar Bhowmik
- Department of Health Science and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - Tanya Linden
- School of Computing and IS, Faculty of Engineering and IT, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Mitchell
- Department of Computing Technologies, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Maurya C, Dhillon P, Sharma H, Kumar P. Bidirectional and cross-lag relationship between social media use and psychological wellbeing: evidence from an Indian adolescent cohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:303. [PMID: 38279148 PMCID: PMC10811814 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an online era like today, the relationship between social media and depression among adolescents and young adults is erratic and still continues to be a debatable subject. The study aims to examine the association and bi-directional relationship between social media usage and depressive symptoms among the adolescent boys and girls in India. METHODS The study uses data from two waves of Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) project survey conducted in two Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Depression was measured by a Patient Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression has been used for analyzing the data comprising the same time period, whereas the bidirectional relationship between two time periods has been evaluated by Cross-Lagged Path Model. RESULT Findings suggest that the percentage of moderate depressive symptoms increased from 1.7% to 3.0% from Wave 1 to Wave 2. Depression among adolescent girls increased slightly from wave 1 to wave 2 whereas a slight decrement was noticed in the moderate form of depressive symptom among adolescent girls using social media for the two waves. Socioeconomic factors like education, age, gender played an important role in affecting depression among adolescents in both the Wave of the survey. The path relationship reveals that social media users in Wave 1 [β=0.22, p<0.001] were positively associated with social media users in Wave 2. Similar patterns were observed for depressive symptoms at both the waves of the survey. However, cross lagged relations between social media use and depression could not be established between the survey periods. CONCLUSION A significant degree of association was found between social media use and depression among adolescent boys and girls in the study. The present study concludes that factors like age, gender and education showed significant relationships with social media use and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanda Maurya
- Department of survey research and data analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Preeti Dhillon
- Department of survey research and data analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Himani Sharma
- Department of survey research and data analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wu HT, Li J, Tsurumi A. Change in screen time and overuse, and their association with psychological well-being among US-wide school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) years 2018-21. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:9. [PMID: 38218827 PMCID: PMC10787397 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on screen use and children's mental health during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic focused only on the timeframe during the pandemic, on children between narrow age ranges, only among a subset of children who have previously reported COVID-related severe family economic hardship or worries, or did not distinguish between instructive versus recreational device usage. Thus, in this study, we analyzed trends, specifically related to recreational screen use, and associations with psychological well-being (PWB) in the years before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic, among a wide range of school-aged children, widely across the nation. METHODS Using the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) years 2018-21, we analyzed a large random sample of school-aged children (6-17 years old) across the US (n = 88,823). We developed PWB issue scores (PWBIS) using self-reported measures relevant to this age group, and constructed regression models to assess the magnitude of the contribution of the pandemic on recreational screen use and PWB. RESULTS The prevalence of recreational screen overuse and PWBIS increased significantly during the pandemic, compared to prior years. We also detected a notable effect of the pandemic on increased PWBIS, as well as its interaction term finding that it strengthened the association between screen time and PWBIS (p < 0.01 across all regression models). CONCLUSIONS Accordingly, our results demonstrate the importance of the pandemic itself as an independent adverse factor and effect measure modifier for screen overuse and PWB more generally among all school-age children widely across the US. Our study used the most current data available, and future studies to evaluate whether these effects are persistent in the years after the pandemic are important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena T Wu
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom St., Their 340, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jiandong Li
- Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Amy Tsurumi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom St., Their 340, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Azagba S, Ebling T, Korkmaz A. Social media and e-cigarette use: The mediating role of mental health conditions. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:528-534. [PMID: 37852589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, youth social media use, youth e-cigarette use, and youth mental health conditions have become major public health concerns. We examined the role of mental health condition indicators in the link between youth social media use and e-cigarette use. METHODS We used data from the 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey (N = 23,445) to measure social media use by time spent, anxiety and depression symptoms by the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, and past-30-day e-cigarette use. We applied the potential outcomes framework to examine the relationship between social media use and e-cigarette use mediated by mental health condition indicators. RESULTS Mental health condition indicators mediated the relationship between social media use and e-cigarette use in a dose-response manner, with higher levels of social media use associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use. With mental health condition indicators as a mediator, those who used social media for 4+ hours/day or 3-4 h/day had significantly higher odds of e-cigarette use than those who used social media sometimes or never. In the sex-stratified analysis, we found that very often social media use was associated with higher odds of e-cigarette use for both males and females, compared to sometimes users (OR = 1.53, 95 % CI [1.18,1.96] for males; OR = 2.27, 95 % CI [1.76,2.92] for females). LIMITATIONS Anxiety and depression symptoms were self-reported. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that anxiety and depression symptoms mediate the relationship between social media and e-cigarette use among youth and support the growing concern that frequent social media use may negatively affect youth health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunday Azagba
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America.
| | - Todd Ebling
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Alperen Korkmaz
- College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Farrokhi F, Ghorbani Z, Farrokhi F, Namdari M, Salavatian S. Social media as a tool for oral health promotion: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296102. [PMID: 38113216 PMCID: PMC10729958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Social media platforms are common means of sharing information, personal experiences, and lifestyle. They can also be utilized as cost-effective methods for individuals to acquire health information and promote oral health. The purpose of the present study was to systematically review the current literature on the interventions taken through social media for promoting lay people's oral health. This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023395005) followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library) for relevant articles published between 2012 and 2023. Data such as study design, sample size, follow-up duration, utilized social media platforms and main findings were extracted from the eligible studies. The quality of the studies included in the systematic review was evaluated by the quality assessment tools for intervention studies recommended by the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools. Out of the 1934 records identified in the initial search, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. These studies comprised seven randomized control trials, one field trial and two quasi-experimental. Various social media platforms, including Telegram, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp and Snapchat, were used for communication with patients. Some studies solely utilized social media interventions, while others combined online and traditional interventions. The quality assessment categorized 30% of the studies as "strong", 50% as "moderate", and the remaining as "weak". The implementation of social media interventions positively influenced multiple aspects of oral health among the laypeople. Online platforms such as YouTube, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Telegram can be effectively utilized to promote oral health among patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Farrokhi
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghorbani
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Farrokhi
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Namdari
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li P, Zhuo Q. Emotional straying: Flux and management of women's emotions in social media. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295835. [PMID: 38091307 PMCID: PMC10718421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, social media, which has emerged with the core focus on interaction within "acquaintance networks," has gradually been infiltrated by "strangers," leading to the disorientation of many users, especially women, amidst the diverse and intricate social platforms and emotional landscapes. Grounded in the experiential perspective of social media users, this study explores the correlations among woman emotions, satisfaction, and behavior, starting from the standpoint of the impact of social media. Through in-depth interviews with woman cohorts in China, various dimensions such as emotional fluctuations, satisfaction levels, and behaviors in social media were examined. The findings reveal that emotional expression serves as a primary motivation and purpose for users to sustain their engagement with social media. Additionally, emotional masking represents a proactive operational behavior induced by the needs for social relationship maintenance and the accumulation of social capital. Furthermore, emotional management manifests as user-initiated abandonment or shift of social media activities in response to perceived emotional stress. On this basis, a conceptual model integrating woman emotions, satisfaction, and behavior in the context of social media was constructed. The outcomes of this research hold significant theoretical and practical implications for future studies on woman emotions and behaviors, as well as for the development of social media functionalities, content management, public media usage, and psychological health interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Li
- Department of Shiliangcai Journalism and Communication School, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of College of Communication, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Qianru Zhuo
- Department of Shiliangcai Journalism and Communication School, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
O'Rourke T, Humer E, Plener PL, Pieh C, Probst T. Moderation effects of health behaviors on stress and suicidal ideation in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey during COVID-19. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21376. [PMID: 38049631 PMCID: PMC10696036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48972-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional online survey study investigated whether certain health behaviors moderated the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation in Austrian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 1505 14-20-year-old (median age = 16) high school students (77.9% female) filled out an online survey from September to November 2021. Perceived stress was measured with the PSS10, suicidal ideation with item 9 of the PHQ-9. The following health behaviors were assessed: Physical activity (days/week), phone use (hours/day), problematic drinking behavior (CAGE). All three health behaviors significantly moderated the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation (all p < .05), but effects were small. The moderation analyses revealed that higher physical activity and less time spent on the phone were associated with less suicidal ideation at higher stress levels. Showing signs of problematic drinking behavior was associated with higher suicidal ideation at higher stress levels. In conclusion, these results suggest that some health behaviors may be able to act as a buffer between perceived stress and suicidal ideation. However, more research is needed to confirm these potentially buffering effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa O'Rourke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Danube University Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Austria.
| | - Elke Humer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Danube University Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul L Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescence Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Danube University Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Danube University Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Halsall T, Mahmoud K, Iyer SN, Orpana H, Zeni M, Matheson K. Implications of time and space factors related with youth substance use prevention: a conceptual review and case study of the Icelandic Prevention Model being implemented in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2149097. [PMID: 36419342 PMCID: PMC9704084 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2149097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This research examines the implementation of the Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM) in Canada to identify opportunities revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic to re-design our social eco-system to promote wellbeing. This paper has two objectives: 1) to provide a conceptual review of research that applies the bioecological model to youth substance use prevention with a focus on the concepts of time and physical space use and 2) to describe a case study that examines the implementation of the IPM in Canada within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD Study data were collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews with key stakeholders involved in implementing the IPM. RESULTS Findings are organized within three over-arching themes derived from a thematic analysis: 1) Issues that influence time and space use patterns and youth substance use, 2) Family and community cohesion and influences on developmental context and time use and 3) Opportunities presented by the pandemic that can promote youth wellbeing. CONCLUSION We apply the findings to research on the IPM as well as the pandemic to examine opportunities that may support primary prevention and overall youth wellbeing. We use the concepts of time and space as a foundation to discuss implications for policy and practice going forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Halsall
- Youth Research Unit, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kianna Mahmoud
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Srividya N. Iyer
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Heather Orpana
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Zeni
- Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberly Matheson
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mahmud S, Jobayer MAA, Salma N, Mahmud A, Tamanna T. Online gaming and its effect on academic performance of Bangladeshi university students: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1774. [PMID: 38107152 PMCID: PMC10723781 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Due to the availability of more sophisticated cell phones with top-notch gaming functions, the present generation is more active. The available literature indicates that adolescents experience a variety of psychological issues, like low self-control brought on by an addiction to mobile games. Because of this, the aim of this study is to control the prevalence of, and factors that contribute to, online gaming addiction and its effects on academic performance in Bangladeshi university students. Methods Convenient sampling was adopted to collect primary data from 399 Bangladeshi university students utilizing a prestructured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, the χ 2 test, binary logistic regression, and multinomial logistic regression were also used to accomplish the study's objective. Results According to this study, 62.7% of students play online games over 30 h every week. The findings also show that male students are more inclined than female students to show signs of addiction. Also, regular online gaming can result in long-term problems, and that factor including age, internet access, educational background, and frequency of play can influence the likelihood of these problems. The findings shows that a lower cumulative grade point average (CGPA), less physical activity, and less study time are associated with playing online games for at least 30 h per week. Moreover, the study found that playing online games, playing for long time, and skipping class can all have an adverse effect on a student's academic performance. Conclusions The authors recommend that the authorities set up a good entertainment environment and take into account the findings of this article to discourage students from playing online games. Furthermore, encouragement of extracurricular activities such as sports or other pursuits is also essential in assisting Bangladeshi students in overcoming their addiction to mobile games.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shohel Mahmud
- Department of StatisticsNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
| | | | - Nahid Salma
- Department of StatisticsJahangirnagar UniversitySavarBangladesh
| | - Anis Mahmud
- Department of StatisticsJahangirnagar UniversitySavarBangladesh
| | - Tanzila Tamanna
- Department of StatisticsJahangirnagar UniversitySavarBangladesh
| |
Collapse
|