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Yehia A, Abulseoud OA. Melatonin: a ferroptosis inhibitor with potential therapeutic efficacy for the post-COVID-19 trajectory of accelerated brain aging and neurodegeneration. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:36. [PMID: 38641847 PMCID: PMC11031980 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented pandemic of COVID-19 swept millions of lives in a short period, yet its menace continues among its survivors in the form of post-COVID syndrome. An exponentially growing number of COVID-19 survivors suffer from cognitive impairment, with compelling evidence of a trajectory of accelerated aging and neurodegeneration. The novel and enigmatic nature of this yet-to-unfold pathology demands extensive research seeking answers for both the molecular underpinnings and potential therapeutic targets. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is a strongly proposed underlying mechanism in post-COVID-19 aging and neurodegeneration discourse. COVID-19 incites neuroinflammation, iron dysregulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, antioxidant system repression, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) disruption, and clock gene alteration. These events pave the way for ferroptosis, which shows its signature in COVID-19, premature aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. In the search for a treatment, melatonin shines as a promising ferroptosis inhibitor with its repeatedly reported safety and tolerability. According to various studies, melatonin has proven efficacy in attenuating the severity of certain COVID-19 manifestations, validating its reputation as an anti-viral compound. Melatonin has well-documented anti-aging properties and combating neurodegenerative-related pathologies. Melatonin can block the leading events of ferroptosis since it is an efficient anti-inflammatory, iron chelator, antioxidant, angiotensin II antagonist, and clock gene regulator. Therefore, we propose ferroptosis as the culprit behind the post-COVID-19 trajectory of aging and neurodegeneration and melatonin, a well-fitting ferroptosis inhibitor, as a potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Yehia
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 58054, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Osama A Abulseoud
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, 58054, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA.
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Xu J, Abdulsalam Khaleel R, Zaidan HK, Faisal Mutee A, Fahmi Fawy K, Gehlot A, Abbas AH, Arias Gonzáles JL, Amin AH, Ruiz-Balvin MC, Imannezhad S, Bahrami A, Akhavan-Sigari R. Discovery of common molecular signatures and drug repurposing for COVID-19/Asthma comorbidity: ACE2 and multi-partite networks. Cell Cycle 2024:1-30. [PMID: 38640424 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2340859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is identified as the functional receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the ongoing global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to elucidate potential therapeutic avenues by scrutinizing approved drugs through the identification of the genetic signature associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with asthma. This exploration was conducted through an integrated analysis, encompassing interaction networks between the ACE2 receptor and common host (co-host) factors implicated in COVID-19/asthma comorbidity. The comprehensive analysis involved the identification of common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) and hub-cDEGs, functional annotations, interaction networks, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and module construction. Interaction networks were used to identify overlapping disease modules and potential drug targets. Computational biology and molecular docking analyzes were utilized to discern functional drug modules. Subsequently, the impact of the identified drugs on the expression of hub-cDEGs was experimentally validated using a mouse model. A total of 153 cDEGs or co-host factors associated with ACE2 were identified in the COVID-19 and asthma comorbidity. Among these, seven significant cDEGs and proteins - namely, HRAS, IFNG, JUN, CDH1, TLR4, ICAM1, and SCD-were recognized as pivotal host factors linked to ACE2. Regulatory network analysis of hub-cDEGs revealed eight top-ranked transcription factors (TFs) proteins and nine microRNAs as key regulatory factors operating at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, respectively. Molecular docking simulations led to the proposal of 10 top-ranked repurposable drug molecules (Rapamycin, Ivermectin, Everolimus, Quercetin, Estradiol, Entrectinib, Nilotinib, Conivaptan, Radotinib, and Venetoclax) as potential treatment options for COVID-19 in individuals with comorbid asthma. Validation analysis demonstrated that Rapamycin effectively inhibited ICAM1 expression in the HDM-stimulated mice group (p < 0.01). This study unveils the common pathogenesis and genetic signature underlying asthma and SARS-CoV-2 infection, delineated by the interaction networks of ACE2-related host factors. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and discovery of drugs aimed at more effective therapeutics within the context of lung disease comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Xu
- College of Veterinary & Life Sciences, the University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Khaled Fahmi Fawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anita Gehlot
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - José Luis Arias Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Shima Imannezhad
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Bahrami
- Biomedical Center for Systems Biology Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum, Warsaw, Poland
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Mohamadpour F, Askarian A, Askarian M. Picture analysis of billboards and infographic graphics advertising COVID-19 on promoting preventive behaviors and taking vaccination against the Coronavirus disease pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6310. [PMID: 38491112 PMCID: PMC10943230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, advertising science is a tool that helps advertisers to design their advertising to meet the needs of the audience. In this regard, knowing and understanding the audience is one of the most important points that advertisers should pay attention to before advertising in order to better attract the audience. This study has been done with the aim of billboards and infographics analysis related to promoting preventive behaviors and vaccination against the Coronavirus disease pandemic and investigating the opinion of the general adult population of Iran. The method used in this research is the qualitative method. In this research, according to the type of data and research goals, Kress and Van Leeuwen's discourse theory method has been used. The sample size includes 36 advertising billboards and infographics. Data collection has been done through searching the sites and websites of health networks and medical education centers in Iran, taking pictures of infographics and billboards in public places, and also receiving archive files of pictures from the public relations of health networks and medical services. The data was collected from February 19, 2020 to December 30, 2022 (the time frame of the pandemic and public vaccination program in Iran). Then, an online survey about promoting preventive behaviors and taking vaccination against the Coronavirus disease pandemic was designed in SurveyMonkey and its link was provided to the audience through virtual networks and other platforms. The assessment of validity involved experts in infection control and linguistics. The reliability of the measurement, determined through the Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, yielded a coefficient of 0.968. In this study, data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 15.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Finally, users' opinions about of billboards and infographics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of component analysis and surveys show that visual components such as «The staring look at the spectator (Demand)», «Head-on Shot (inclusion)», «Down Shot (Creating a sense of participation for the represented person)», «Close-up (intimate/individual relationship)», «Level Shot (equality)» and «High-Angle Shot (Presenting power)» in medical advertising has had a great impact in arousing public opinion to create a positive attitude towards preventive measures and vaccination during the Coronavirus disease epidemic. The results of this research show that in visual communication, visual components play a significant role in creating and maintaining target ideologies. Also, advertising in the field of preventive measures in medical sciences requires certain rules that determine people's culture and the main foundation of their attitude and thinking. Therefore, it is necessary to know such knowledge and learn it by the medical staff to deal with critical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Mohamadpour
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardalan Askarian
- College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Askarian
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Mohamadpour F, Groot G, Askarian A, Askarian M. Text analysis of billboards and infographic graphics advertising COVID-19 on promoting preventive behaviors and taking vaccination against the coronavirus pandemic and investigating the opinions of the Iranian adult population. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:651. [PMID: 38429731 PMCID: PMC10905937 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advertising is one of the most important solutions that health centers and medical services around the world use to try to encourage public opinion to create a positive attitude towards preventive measures and vaccination. This study has been done with the aim of text analysis of billboards and infographics related to promoting preventive behaviors and vaccination against the coronavirus pandemic and providing solutions and models for preventive information and advertising in the field of health. METHODS The study method in this research is a combination of qualitative and content analysis. Data collection was done in a targeted manner. The sample size includes 33 advertising billboards and infographics. Data collection has been done through searching the sites and websites of health networks and medical education centers in Iran, taking pictures of infographics and billboards in public places, and also receiving archive files of pictures from the public relations of health networks and medical services. The data was collected from February 19, 2020 to December 30, 2022 (the time frame of the pandemic and public vaccination program in Iran). The data was analyzed based on the three-dimensional discourse analysis theory of Fairclough. Then, an online survey about promoting preventive behaviors and vaccination against the coronavirus pandemic in the format of billboards and infographics was designed in SurveyMonkey and its link was provided to the audience through virtual networks and other platforms. The age group of people was selected from 18 to 70 years. Considering that the number of participants should be representative of the entire community under investigation, therefore, based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was equal to 350 people. Finally, users' opinions were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The assessment of validity involved experts in infection control and linguistics. The reliability of the measurement, determined through the Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, yielded a coefficient of 0.968. RESULTS The results show that among the four linguistic components of words, syntax, coherence and text structure; "live metaphors", "pronoun "we", "collocation and reference", and "attitude markers" have the most impact on the audience. The frequency percentage of the data shows that these language elements have tremendous power in attracting the audience to perform preventive behaviors. The results show that the language reflects the culture, opinions and needs of people in the society. Also, the results show that encouraging people to perform preventive behaviors should be through the integration of medical information with motivational linguistic factors in order to attract the audience more. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the use of the appropriate pattern of medical advertising discourse and correct communication strategies, will help public participation in the field of epidemic control. The language of effective health education and health communication during an epidemic must be related to the ways of thinking and speaking of ordinary people. Also, words with metaphorical and ironic meanings have a high potential to influence the health performance of people in society and increase public awareness of health communication. Therefore, using them to create a new value system with the aim of controlling and overcoming the consequences of the epidemic is very effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Mohamadpour
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gary Groot
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ardalan Askarian
- College of Arts & Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Askarian
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Schroeder HT, De Lemos Muller CH, Heck TG, Krause M, Homem de Bittencourt PI. Heat shock response during the resolution of inflammation and its progressive suppression in chronic-degenerative inflammatory diseases. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:116-142. [PMID: 38244765 PMCID: PMC10939074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a crucial biochemical pathway that orchestrates the resolution of inflammation, primarily under proteotoxic stress conditions. This process hinges on the upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and other chaperones, notably the 70 kDa family of heat shock proteins, under the command of the heat shock transcription factor-1. However, in the context of chronic degenerative disorders characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation (such as insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases) a gradual suppression of the HSR does occur. This work delves into the mechanisms behind this phenomenon. It explores how the Western diet and sedentary lifestyle, culminating in the endoplasmic reticulum stress within adipose tissue cells, trigger a cascade of events. This cascade includes the unfolded protein response and activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein-3 inflammasome, leading to the emergence of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and the propagation of inflammation throughout the body. Notably, the activation of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein-3 inflammasome not only fuels inflammation but also sabotages the HSR by degrading human antigen R, a crucial mRNA-binding protein responsible for maintaining heat shock transcription factor-1 mRNA expression and stability on heat shock gene promoters. This paper underscores the imperative need to comprehend how chronic inflammation stifles the HSR and the clinical significance of evaluating the HSR using cost-effective and accessible tools. Such understanding is pivotal in the development of innovative strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of these chronic inflammatory ailments, which continue to take a heavy toll on global health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Trevisan Schroeder
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (FisCel), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique De Lemos Muller
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Post Graduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ/URI), Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande Do Sul State (UNIJUI) and Post Graduate Program in Mathematical and Computational Modeling (PPGMMC), UNIJUI, Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (FisCel), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Yu T, Rajasekar A, Zhang S. A decennial study of the trend of antibiotic studies in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121338-121353. [PMID: 37996597 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are one of the greatest inventions in human history and are used worldwide on an enormous scale. Besides its extensive usage in medical and veterinary arenas to treat and prevent the infection, its application is very prominent in other fields, including agriculture, aquaculture, and horticulture. In recent decades, the increased consumption of antibiotics in China saw a vast increase in its production and disposal in various environments. However, in this post-antibiotic era, the abuse and misuse of these valuable compounds could lead to the unreversible consequence of drug resistance. In China, antibiotics are given a broad discussion in various fields to reveal their impact on both human/animals health and the environment. To our knowledge, we are the first paper to look back at the development trend of antibiotic-related studies in China with qualitative and quantitative bibliometric analysis from the past decades. Our study identified and analyzed 5559 papers from its inception (1991) to December 6, 2021, from the Web of Science Core Collection database. However, with few authors and institutions focusing on long-term studies, we found the quality of contributions was uneven. Studies mainly focused on areas such as food science, clinical research, and environmental studies, including molecular biology, genetics and environmental, ecotoxicology, and nutrition, which indicate possible primary future trends. Our study reports on including potentially new keywords, studies' milestones, and their contribution to antibiotic research. We offer potential topics that may be important in upcoming years that could help guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Adharsh Rajasekar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC‑AEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Songhe Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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Wang W, Yang C, Xia J, Li N, Xiong W. Luteolin is a potential inhibitor of COVID-19: An in silico analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35029. [PMID: 37746970 PMCID: PMC10519465 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe respiratory syndrome 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread explosively, raising global health concerns. Luteolin shows antiviral properties, but its effect on SARS-CoV-2 and the associated mechanisms are not elucidated. We used network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics to provide potential molecular support of luteolin (3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) (LUT) against COVID-19. We employed network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics techniques to investigate how LUT affected COVID-19. Several databases were queried to determine potential target proteins related to LUT and COVID-19. Protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and core targets were filtered by degree value. Following that, functional enrichment was conducted. Molecular docking was utilized to ensure LUT was compatible with core target proteins. Finally, molecular dynamics was used to analyze the effects of the LUT on the optimal hub target. A total of 64 potential target genes for treating COVID-19 were identified, of which albumin, RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase, caspase-3, epidermal growth factor receptor, heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha, and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 might be the most promising. In addition, molecular docking results showed that LUT could interact with SARS-CoV-2 major protease 3CL. LUT can bind to the active sites of 3CL protease and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, showing an anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ce Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jing Xia
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, PR China
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Papa A, Covino M, De Lucia SS, Del Gaudio A, Fiorani M, Polito G, Settanni CR, Piccioni A, Franceschi F, Gasbarrini A. Impact of COVID-19 in individuals with and without pre-existent digestive disorders with a particular focus on elderly patients. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4099-4119. [PMID: 37475841 PMCID: PMC10354572 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i26.4099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has several extrapulmonary symptoms. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are among the most frequent clinical manifestations of COVID-19, with severe consequences reported in elderly patients. Furthermore, the impact of COVID-19 on patients with pre-existing digestive diseases still needs to be fully elucidated, particularly in the older population. This review aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the GI tract, liver, and pancreas in individuals with and without previous digestive diseases, with a particular focus on the elderly, highlighting the distinctive characteristics observed in this population. Finally, the effectiveness and adverse events of the anti-COVID-19 vaccination in patients with digestive disorders and the peculiarities found in the elderly are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Papa
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
- CEMAD, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Marcello Covino
- Department of Emergency, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Sofia De Lucia
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Angelo Del Gaudio
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Marcello Fiorani
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Giorgia Polito
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Carlo Romano Settanni
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
- Department of Emergency, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
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Balan C, Ciuhodaru T, Bubenek-Turconi SI. Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 - From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to a Personalized Therapeutic Model. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures) 2023; 9:148-161. [PMID: 37588184 PMCID: PMC10425930 DOI: 10.2478/jccm-2023-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a common complication of COVID-19, frequently fuelled by a complex interplay of factors. These include tubular injury and three primary drivers of cardiocirculatory instability: heart-lung interaction abnormalities, myocardial damage, and disturbances in fluid balance. Further complicating this dynamic, renal vulnerability to a "second-hit" injury, like a SARS-CoV-2 infection, is heightened by advanced age, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, the influence of chronic treatment protocols, which may constrain the compensatory intrarenal hemodynamic mechanisms, warrants equal consideration. COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury not only escalates mortality rates but also significantly affects long-term kidney function recovery, particularly in severe instances. Thus, the imperative lies in developing and applying therapeutic strategies capable of warding off acute kidney injury and decelerating the transition into chronic kidney disease after an acute event. This narrative review aims to proffer a flexible diagnostic and therapeutic strategy that recognizes the multi-faceted nature of COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury in critically ill patients and underlines the crucial role of a tailored, overarching hemodynamic and respiratory framework in managing this complex clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin Balan
- Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu Emergency Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tudor Ciuhodaru
- Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu Emergency Clinical Hospital, Iași, Romania
| | - Serban-Ion Bubenek-Turconi
- Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu Emergency Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Delval L, Hantute-Ghesquier A, Sencio V, Flaman JM, Robil C, Angulo FS, Lipskaia L, Çobanoğlu O, Lacoste AS, Machelart A, Danneels A, Corbin M, Deruyter L, Heumel S, Idziorek T, Séron K, Sauve F, Bongiovanni A, Prévot V, Wolowczuk I, Belouzard S, Saliou JM, Gosset P, Bernard D, Rouillé Y, Adnot S, Duterque-Coquillaud M, Trottein F. Removal of senescent cells reduces the viral load and attenuates pulmonary and systemic inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected, aged hamsters. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:829-845. [PMID: 37414987 PMCID: PMC10353934 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00442-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Older age is one of the strongest risk factors for severe COVID-19. In this study, we determined whether age-associated cellular senescence contributes to the severity of experimental COVID-19. Aged golden hamsters accumulate senescent cells in the lungs, and the senolytic drug ABT-263, a BCL-2 inhibitor, depletes these cells at baseline and during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Relative to young hamsters, aged hamsters had a greater viral load during the acute phase of infection and displayed higher levels of sequelae during the post-acute phase. Early treatment with ABT-263 lowered pulmonary viral load in aged (but not young) animals, an effect associated with lower expression of ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ABT-263 treatment also led to lower pulmonary and systemic levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors and to amelioration of early and late lung disease. These data demonstrate the causative role of age-associated pre-existing senescent cells on COVID-19 severity and have clear clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou Delval
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aline Hantute-Ghesquier
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - Valentin Sencio
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean Michel Flaman
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, U1052-UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Robil
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabiola Silva Angulo
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Larissa Lipskaia
- Université de Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Ozmen Çobanoğlu
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lacoste
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Arnaud Machelart
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Adeline Danneels
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathieu Corbin
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Deruyter
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Heumel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Idziorek
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - Karin Séron
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Florent Sauve
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172-UMR 9017, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Prévot
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172-UMR 9017, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Michel Saliou
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Bernard
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, U1052-UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Serge Adnot
- Université de Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Martine Duterque-Coquillaud
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France.
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11
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Du PY, Gandhi A, Bawa M, Gromala J. The ageing immune system as a potential target of senolytics. OXFORD OPEN IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 4:iqad004. [PMID: 37255929 PMCID: PMC10191675 DOI: 10.1093/oxfimm/iqad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing leads to a sharp decline in immune function, precipitating the development of inflammatory conditions. The combined impact of these processes renders older individuals at greater risk of inflammatory and immune-related diseases, such as cancer and infections. This is compounded by reduced efficacy in interventions aiming to limit disease impact, for instance vaccines being less effective in elderly populations. This state of diminished cellular function is driven by cellular senescence, a process where cells undergo stable growth arrest following exposure to stressful stimuli, and the associated pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype. Removing harmful senescent cells (SnCs) using senolytic therapies is an emerging field holding promise for patient benefit. Current senolytics have been developed either to specifically target SnCs, or repurposed from cancer therapies or vaccination protocols. Herein, we discuss recent developments in senolytic therapies, focusing on how senolytics could be used to combat the age-associated diminution of the immune system. In particular, exploring how these drugs may be used to promote immunity in the elderly, and highlighting recent trials of senolytics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and diabetic kidney disease. Novel immunotherapeutic approaches including chimeric antigen receptor T-cells or monoclonal antibodies targeting SnCs are being investigated to combat the shortcomings of current senolytics and their adverse effects. The flexible nature of senolytic treatment modalities and their efficacy in safely removing harmful SnCs could have great potential to promote healthy immune function in ageing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Yandi Du
- Correspondence address. Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Level 2, Faculty Building, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Tel: +44 (0)20 3313 8213, E-mail:
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12
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Banitalebi E, Abdizadeh T, Khademi Dehkordi M, Saghaei E, Mardaniyan Ghahfarrokhi M. In silico study of potential immunonutrient-based sports supplements against COVID-19 via targeting ACE2 inhibition using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1041-1061. [PMID: 34931597 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2016489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Use of some sports supplements can inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2), a receptor for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as reviewed through molecular docking and sequent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations against this condition. The crystal structures of ACE2 receptors of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, applied in docking analysis, were taken from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The receptors were then prepared using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE), as a drug-discovery software platform for docking. Supplements such as quercetin and beta glucan (β-glucan) were the top docked compounds to ACE2 receptor though they strongly interacted with CoV target protein. The study data showed that immune responses to immunonutrient-based sports compounds (viz. quercetin and β-glucan) in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were essential in mounting successful immune responses by athletes. While awaiting the development of an effective vaccine, there is a need to focus on immunonutrient-based sports supplements as preventive and therapeutic options that can be implemented in a safe and quick manner to bolster immune responses in athletes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tooba Abdizadeh
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Elham Saghaei
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, School of medicine, Shahrekord University of medical sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Medical plants research center, Basic health science, Shahrekord University of medical sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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13
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Reeves J, Kooner JS, Zhang W. Accelerated ageing is associated with increased COVID-19 severity and differences across ethnic groups may exist. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1034227. [PMID: 36582365 PMCID: PMC9792858 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1034227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While increased age is an established risk factor for COVID-19, there is great heterogeneity in outcomes within age groups. This is because chronological age does not reflect health, unlike biological age. We intend to investigate the association between accelerated ageing and COVID-19 outcomes through the lens of three measures, namely phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), telomere length (Adjusted T/S Ratio) and facial ageing, and to examine whether there are differences across ethnic groups. Methods Taking participants from the UK Biobank, we associated accelerated ageing with severe COVID-19 outcomes, defined as COVID-related hospitalisation or death. Separate logistic regressions models were created for age and the three accelerated ageing-related variables, adjusting for a variety of covariates in each model. Multivariable logistic regression models were also created within White, Black, Asian and Other ethnic groups to assess for potential differing associations. Forward likelihood ratio logistic regression models were created to evaluate importance of the variables and to assess for patterns of association across the total population and ethnic groups. Results After adjusting for all covariates, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of COVID-19 severe outcomes for age was 1.080 (1.074-1.086). After further adjusting age for the accelerated ageing variables, the ORs were 1.029 (1.020-1.039) for PhenoAgeAccel and 0.847 (0.772-0.929) for Facial Ageing's "Younger Than You Are" while Adjusted T/S ratio and "Older Than You Are" were statistically insignificant. The OR for age remained similar across ethnic groups. Both PhenoAgeAccel and younger facial ages in the White population and PhenoAgeAccel in the Black population had ORs of 1.031 (1.021-1.042), 0.853 (0.774-0.939), and 1.049 (1.001-1.100), respectively. Both Adjusted T/S Ratio and older facial ages showed statistical insignificance in all ethnicities. In forward logistic regression, age and PhenoAgeAccel were the age-related variables selected most frequently in all models. Interpretation Accelerated ageing is associated with increased COVID-19 severity. The mechanisms at work here are likely immunosenescence and inflamaging. This association indicates that anti-ageing treatment may improve COVID-19 outcome. The results within ethnic groups and that of telomere length were inconclusive, but point to a need for future, more focused research on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Reeves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Tizazu AM, Mengist HM, Demeke G. Aging, inflammaging and immunosenescence as risk factors of severe COVID-19. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2022; 19:53. [PMID: 36369012 PMCID: PMC9650172 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is characterized by having a heterogeneous disease course, ranging from asymptomatic and mild symptoms to more severe and critical cases. In most cases the severity of COVID-19 is related to host factors, especially deregulation of the immune response in patients. Even if COVID-19 indiscriminately affects individuals of different age group, ethnicity and economic status; most severe cases and disproportional mortality occur in elderly individuals. This point out that aging is one risk factor for unfavourable clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients. The biology of aging is a complex process; Aging can alter the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs resulting in impaired response to stress. Alongside with other systems, the immune system is also affected with the aging process. Immunosenescence is an age associated change in the immune system that affects the overall response to immunological challenges in the elderly. Similarly, apart from the normal inflammatory process, aging is associated with a low grade, sterile, chronic inflammation which is termed as inflammaging. We hypothesized that inflammaging and immunosenescence could play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and poor recovery from COVID-19 in elderly individuals. This review summarizes the changes in the immune system with age and how these changes play part in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical outcome of COVID-19 which could add to the understanding of age associated targeted immunotherapy in the elderly.
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15
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Cheng Q, Zhao G, Chen J, Jia Q, Fang Z. Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for severe COVID-19 patients: An updated network meta-analysis of 48 randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30998. [PMID: 36254081 PMCID: PMC9575403 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there has been little agreement on what drug is the "best" drug for treating severe COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of different medications available at present for severe COVID-19. METHODS We searched databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to February 28, 2022, with no language restrictions, of medications recommended for patients (aged 16 years or older) with severe COVID-19 infection. We extracted data on trials and patient characteristics, and the following primary outcomes: all-cause mortality (ACM), and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). RESULTS We identified 4021 abstracts and of these included 48 RCTs comprising 9147 participants through database searches and other sources. For decrease in ACM, we found that ivermectin/doxycycline, C-IVIG (i.e., a hyperimmune anti-COVID-19 intravenous immunoglobulin), methylprednisolone, interferon-beta/standard-of-care (SOC), interferon-beta-1b, convalescent plasma, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, immunoglobulin gamma, high dosage sarilumab (HS), auxora, and imatinib were effective when compared with placebo or SOC group. We found that colchicine and interferon-beta/SOC were only associated with the TEAEs of severe COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION This study suggested that ivermectin/doxycycline, C-IVIG, methylprednisolone, interferon-beta/SOC, interferon-beta-1b, convalescent plasma (CP), remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, immunoglobulin gamma, HS, auxora, and imatinib were efficacious for treating severe COVID-19 patients. We found that most medications were safe in treating severe COVID-19. More large-scale RCTs are still needed to confirm the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Cheng
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinglin Cheng, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Hangzhou 310021, China (e-mail: )
| | - Gang Zhao
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfang Chen
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingjun Jia
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Fang
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Duarte T, Silva MDM, Michelotti P, Barbosa NBDV, Feltes BC, Dorn M, Rocha JBTD, Dalla Corte CL. The Drosophila melanogaster ACE2 ortholog genes are differently expressed in obesity/diabetes and aging models: Implications for COVID-19 pathology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166551. [PMID: 36116726 PMCID: PMC9474972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019, binds to its ACE2 receptor for internalization in the host cells. Elderly individuals or those with subjacent disorders, such as obesity and diabetes, are more susceptible to COVID-19 severity. Additionally, several SARS-CoV-2 variants appear to enhance the Spike-ACE2 interaction, which increases transmissibility and death. Considering that the fruit fly is a robust animal model in metabolic research and has two ACE2 orthologs, Ance and Acer, in this work, we studied the effects of two hypercaloric diets (HFD and HSD) and aging on ACE2 orthologs mRNA expression levels in Drosophila melanogaster. To complement our work, we analyzed the predicted binding affinity between the Spike protein with Ance and Acer. We show for the first time that Ance and Acer genes are differentially regulated and dependent on diet and age in adult flies. At the molecular level, Ance and Acer proteins exhibit the potential to bind to the Spike protein in different regions, as shown by a molecular docking approach. Acer, in particular, interacts with the Spike protein in the same region as in humans. Overall, we suggest that the D. melanogaster is a promising animal model for translational studies on COVID-19 associated risk factors and ACE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tâmie Duarte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mônica de Medeiros Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Michelotti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Nilda Berenice de Vargas Barbosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno César Feltes
- Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Avenue, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil; Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Avenue, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Márcio Dorn
- Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Avenue, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil; Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Avenue, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, 6681 Ipiranga Avenue, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Lenz Dalla Corte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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Bizzoca ME, Leuci S, Mignogna MD, Muzio EL, Caponio VCA, Muzio LL. Natural compounds may contribute in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection: a narrative review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022; 11:1134-1142. [PMID: 38621001 PMCID: PMC9160299 DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus pandemic infection is the most important health issue worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 is a contagious disease characterized by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. To date, excluding the possibility of vaccination, against SARS-CoV-2 infection it is possible to act only with supportive care and non-virus-specific treatments in order to improve the patient's symptoms. Pharmaceutical industry is investigating effects of medicinal plants, phytochemical extracts and aromatic herbs to find out natural substances which may act as antiviral drugs. Several studies have revealed how these substances may interfere with the viral life cycle, viral entry, replication, assembly or discharge, as well as virus-specific host targets or stimulating the host immune system, reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response. A natural compound can be used as a prophylaxis by people professionally exposed to the risk of contagion and/or positive patients not in intensive care. The aim of this paper is to perform a narrative review of current literature in order to summarize the most studied natural compounds and their modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleonora Bizzoca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Stefania Leuci
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Michele Davide Mignogna
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lo Muzio
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
- C.I.N.B.O. (Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Bio-Oncologia), Chieti 66100, Italy
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18
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Kaur I, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Subramanian V, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Sekar M, Dailah HG, Alsubayiel AM, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Aleya L, Bungau S. A motley of possible therapies of the COVID-19: reminiscing the origin of the pandemic. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:67685-67703. [PMID: 35933528 PMCID: PMC9362373 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22345-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 outbreak of corona virus disease began from Wuhan (China), transforming into a leading pandemic, posing an immense threat to the global population. The WHO coined the term nCOVID-19 for the disease on 11th February, 2020 and the International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses named it SARS-CoV-2, on account of its similarity with SARS-CoV-1 of 2003. The infection is associated with fever, cough, pneumonia, lung damage, and ARDS along with clinical implications of lung opacities. Brief understanding of the entry target of virus, i.e., ACE2 receptors has enabled numerous treatment options as discussed in this review. The manuscript provides a holistic picture of treatment options in COVID-19, such as non-specific anti-viral drugs, immunosuppressive agents, anti-inflammatory candidates, anti-HCV, nucleotide inhibitors, antibodies and anti-parasitic, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors, anti-retroviral, vitamins and hormones, JAK inhibitors, and blood plasma therapy. The text targets to enlist the investigations conducted on all the above categories of drugs, with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic, to accelerate their significance in hindering the disease progression. The data collected primarily targets recently published articles and most recent records of clinical trials, focusing on the last 10-year database. The current review provides a comprehensive view on the critical need of finding a suitable treatment for the currently prevalent COVID-19 disease, and an opportunity for the researchers to investigate the varying possibilities to find and optimized treatment approach to mitigate and ameliorate the chaos created by the pandemic worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | | | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Center of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Center of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine, Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal M Alsubayiel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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19
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New Trends in Aging Drug Discovery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082006. [PMID: 36009552 PMCID: PMC9405986 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered the main risk factor for many chronic diseases that frequently appear at advanced ages. However, the inevitability of this process is being questioned by recent research that suggests that senescent cells have specific features that differentiate them from younger cells and that removal of these cells ameliorates senescent phenotype and associated diseases. This opens the door to the design of tailored therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing and delaying the impact of senescence in life, that is, extending healthspan and treating aging as another chronic disease. Although these ideas are still far from reaching the bedside, it is conceivable that they will revolutionize the way we understand aging in the next decades. In this review, we analyze the main and well-validated cellular pathways and targets related to senescence as well as their implication in aging-associated diseases. In addition, the most relevant small molecules with senotherapeutic potential, with a special emphasis on their mechanism of action, ongoing clinical trials, and potential limitations, are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of alternative strategies that go beyond the small molecule field, together with our perspectives for the future of the field, is provided.
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Jiang L, Jing H, Lan L, Liu X, Wang S, Xu Y, Meng N. Effects of Acupuncture Combined with Exercise on Expression of Immune Factors in Aging Rats and Its Significance in Antiaging Intervention. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6833196. [PMID: 36017145 PMCID: PMC9398838 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6833196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background With the improvement of people's living standards, how to maintain health and delay aging to improve the quality of life and achieve longevity has become a hot topic of concern. objective. To investigate the effect of acupuncture combined with exercise on the expression of immune factors in aging rats and its significance in antiaging intervention. Materials and Methods Forty-three SD rats included 12 rats in the control group, and the remaining rats were injected intraperitoneally with D-galactose 500 mg/kg to prepare a subacute aging rat model. The 24 rats that were successfully modeled were divided into acupuncture exercise groups and exercise groups according to the random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. After the modeling, the comparison group did not do any intervention, the exercise group was given aerobic exercise intervention, and the acupuncture exercise group was given acupuncture combined with exercise intervention. The effect of immune factor expression in rats was compared. Results The levels of IgM, IgA, and IgG in the acupuncture exercise group were significantly higher than those in the exercise group (P < 0.05). The IL-10 content in the acupuncture exercise group was significantly higher than that in the exercise group (P < 0.05) and was significantly reduced in the acupuncture exercise group compared with the comparison group (P < 0.05). The level of IL-6 in the acupuncture exercise group was significantly lower than that in the exercise group, and the level of IL-6 in the acupuncture exercise group was significantly increased compared with the comparison group (P < 0.05). The C3 and C4 levels in the acupuncture exercise group were significantly higher than those in the exercise group (P < 0.05). The levels of IFN-γ and TNP-α were significantly lower in the acupuncture exercise group than in the exercise group and significantly increased in the acupuncture exercise group compared with the comparison group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ling turtle eight method acupuncture combined with exercise promoted the development of immune organ spleen, enhances the body's immune function and complement system, inhibits the immune inflammatory response and regulates immune balance, reduces the inflammatory response caused by the aging of D-type galactose, and achieves the effect of delaying aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Jiang
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Hongying Jing
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Lan Lan
- College of Sport Humanistic Sociology, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Su Wang
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
| | - Nijia Meng
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, China 150008
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21
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Zelop CM, Bonney EA. COVID-19 in pregnancy: possible mechanisms not to be discounted. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:3016-3019. [PMID: 32811230 PMCID: PMC10430893 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1807508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 16 million people worldwide. Related complications and death from COVID-19 disease and their underlying pathophysiology are intensely investigated. Pregnant women are among the affected. Although the severity of disease in pregnancy does not appear to be increased, the effects of infection on pregnancy should not escape careful examination. The currently known receptor for the virus, ACE2, regulates the renin-angiotensin system and is increased during pregnancy. Virus-receptor interactions may have significant effects on placental function, fetal development, and maternal immunity. The manifestation of cardiovascular complications of infection produces the hypothesis that a significant effect of the virus may be its influence on the maternal vascular system. Interference with the vascular adaptations to pregnancy and the post-partum may have implications for concurrent and future pregnancies as well as for long-term cardiovascular health. We should not miss the opportunity to learn from this virus about the physiology of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Zelop
- The Valley Hospital, Ridgewood, Paramus, NJ, USA
- New York University New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Bonney
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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22
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Clerbaux LA, Albertini MC, Amigó N, Beronius A, Bezemer GFG, Coecke S, Daskalopoulos EP, del Giudice G, Greco D, Grenga L, Mantovani A, Muñoz A, Omeragic E, Parissis N, Petrillo M, Saarimäki LA, Soares H, Sullivan K, Landesmann B. Factors Modulating COVID-19: A Mechanistic Understanding Based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework. J Clin Med 2022; 11:4464. [PMID: 35956081 PMCID: PMC9369763 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Addressing factors modulating COVID-19 is crucial since abundant clinical evidence shows that outcomes are markedly heterogeneous between patients. This requires identifying the factors and understanding how they mechanistically influence COVID-19. Here, we describe how eleven selected factors (age, sex, genetic factors, lipid disorders, heart failure, gut dysbiosis, diet, vitamin D deficiency, air pollution and exposure to chemicals) influence COVID-19 by applying the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP), which is well-established in regulatory toxicology. This framework aims to model the sequence of events leading to an adverse health outcome. Several linear AOPs depicting pathways from the binding of the virus to ACE2 up to clinical outcomes observed in COVID-19 have been developed and integrated into a network offering a unique overview of the mechanisms underlying the disease. As SARS-CoV-2 infectibility and ACE2 activity are the major starting points and inflammatory response is central in the development of COVID-19, we evaluated how those eleven intrinsic and extrinsic factors modulate those processes impacting clinical outcomes. Applying this AOP-aligned approach enables the identification of current knowledge gaps orientating for further research and allows to propose biomarkers to identify of high-risk patients. This approach also facilitates expertise synergy from different disciplines to address public health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Alix Clerbaux
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (S.C.); (E.P.D.); (N.P.); (M.P.); (B.L.)
| | | | - Núria Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab SL., 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 23204 Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Beronius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Gillina F. G. Bezemer
- Impact Station, 1223 JR Hilversum, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Coecke
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (S.C.); (E.P.D.); (N.P.); (M.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Evangelos P. Daskalopoulos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (S.C.); (E.P.D.); (N.P.); (M.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Giusy del Giudice
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland; (G.d.G.); (D.G.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Dario Greco
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland; (G.d.G.); (D.G.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Lucia Grenga
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, F-30200 Bagnols-sur-Ceze, France;
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Amalia Muñoz
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 2440 Geel, Belgium;
| | - Elma Omeragic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Nikolaos Parissis
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (S.C.); (E.P.D.); (N.P.); (M.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Mauro Petrillo
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (S.C.); (E.P.D.); (N.P.); (M.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Laura A. Saarimäki
- Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland; (G.d.G.); (D.G.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Helena Soares
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Pathogenesis, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Medical School, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Kristie Sullivan
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
| | - Brigitte Landesmann
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy; (S.C.); (E.P.D.); (N.P.); (M.P.); (B.L.)
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Sorrenti V, Benedetti F, Buriani A, Fortinguerra S, Caudullo G, Davinelli S, Zella D, Scapagnini G. Immunomodulatory and Antiaging Mechanisms of Resveratrol, Rapamycin, and Metformin: Focus on mTOR and AMPK Signaling Networks. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080912. [PMID: 35893737 PMCID: PMC9394378 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging results from the progressive dysregulation of several molecular pathways and mTOR and AMPK signaling have been suggested to play a role in the complex changes in key biological networks involved in cellular senescence. Moreover, multiple factors, including poor nutritional balance, drive immunosenescence progression, one of the meaningful aspects of aging. Unsurprisingly, nutraceutical and pharmacological interventions could help maintain an optimal biological response by providing essential bioactive micronutrients required for the development, maintenance, and the expression of the immune response at all stages of life. In this regard, many studies have provided evidence of potential antiaging properties of resveratrol, as well as rapamycin and metformin. Indeed, in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated for these molecules a number of positive effects associated with healthy aging. The current review focuses on the mechanisms of action of these three important compounds and their suggested use for the clinical treatment of immunosenescence and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Sorrenti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Largo Egidio Meneghetti, 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Bendessere® Study Center, Via Prima Strada 23/3, 35129 Padova, Italy;
- Maria Paola Belloni Center for Personalized Medicine, Data Medica Group (Synlab Limited), 35100 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesca Benedetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Buriani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Giada Caudullo
- Bendessere® Study Center, Via Prima Strada 23/3, 35129 Padova, Italy;
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Davide Zella
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.Z.); (G.S.)
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Li W, Zou Z, Cai Y, Yang K, Wang S, Liu Z, Geng L, Chu Q, Ji Z, Chan P, Liu GH, Song M, Qu J, Zhang W. Low-dose chloroquine treatment extends the lifespan of aged rats. Protein Cell 2022; 13:454-461. [PMID: 35023015 PMCID: PMC9095792 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00903-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhiran Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yusheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Chongqing Renji Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400062, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lingling Geng
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qun Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhejun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
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Omer AK, Khorshidi S, Mortazavi N, Rahman HS. A Review on the Antiviral Activity of Functional Foods Against COVID-19 and Viral Respiratory Tract Infections. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:4817-4835. [PMID: 35592539 PMCID: PMC9112189 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s361001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the absence of successful therapy, vaccines for protection are continuously being developed. Since vaccines must be thoroughly tested, viral respiratory tract infections (VRTIs), mainly coronaviruses, have seriously affected human health worldwide in recent years. In this review, we presented the relevant data which originated from trusted publishers regarding the practical benefits of functional foods (FFs) and their dietary sources, in addition to natural plant products, in viral respiratory and COVID-19 prevention and immune-boosting activities. As a result, FFs were confirmed to be functionally active ingredients for preventing COVID-19 and VRTIs. Furthermore, the antiviral activity and immunological effects of FFs against VRTIs and COVID-19 and their potential main mechanisms of action are also being reviewed. Therefore, to prevent COVID-19 and VRTIs, it is critical to identify controlling the activities and immune-enhancing functional food constituents as early as possible. We further aimed to summarize functional food constituents as a dietary supplement that aids in immune system boosting and may effectively reduce VRTIs and COVID-19 and promote therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Khalid Omer
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
- Razga Company, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sonia Khorshidi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Negar Mortazavi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
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Khurana P, Varshney R, Gupta A. A Network-Biology led Computational Drug repurposing Strategy to prioritize therapeutic options for COVID-19. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09387. [PMID: 35578630 PMCID: PMC9093055 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The alarming pandemic situation of novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (nSARS-CoV-2) infection, high drug development cost and slow process of drug discovery have made repositioning of existing drugs for therapeutics a popular alternative. It involves the repurposing of existing safe compounds which results in low overall development costs and shorter development timeline. In the present study, a computational network-biology approach has been used for comparing three candidate drugs i.e. quercetin, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and 2-deoxy-glucose (2-DG) to be effectively repurposed against COVID-19. For this, the associations between these drugs and genes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) diseases were retrieved and a directed drug-gene-gene-disease interaction network was constructed. Further, to quantify the associations between a target gene and a disease gene, the shortest paths from the target gene to the disease genes were identified. A vector DV was calculated to represent the extent to which a disease gene was influenced by these drugs. Quercetin was quantified as the best among the three drugs, suited for repurposing with DV of -70.19, followed by NAC with DV of -39.99 and 2-DG with DV of -13.71. The drugs were also assessed for their safety and efficacy balance (in terms of therapeutic index) using network properties. It was found that quercetin was a forerunner than other two drugs.
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Pawar A, Russo M, Rani I, Goswami K, Russo GL, Pal A. A critical evaluation of risk to reward ratio of quercetin supplementation for COVID-19 and associated comorbid conditions. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2394-2415. [PMID: 35393674 PMCID: PMC9111035 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The interim results of the large, multinational trials on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) using a combination of antiviral drugs appear to have little to no effect on the 28‐day mortality or the in‐hospital course. Therefore, there is a still vivid interest in finding alternate re‐purposed drugs and nutrition supplements, which can halt or slow the disease severity. We review here the multiple preclinical studies, partially supported by clinical evidence showing the quercetin's possible therapeutic/prophylaxis efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) as well as comorbidities like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus, obesity, coagulopathy, and hypertension. Currently, 14 interventional clinical trials are underway assessing the efficacy of quercetin along with other antiviral drugs/nutritional supplements as prophylaxis/treatment option against COVID‐19. The present review is tempting to suggest that, based on circumstantial scientific evidence and preliminary clinical data, the flavonoid quercetin can ameliorate COVID‐19 infection and symptoms acting in concert on two parallel and independent paths: inhibiting key factors responsible for SARS‐CoV‐2 infections and mitigating the clinical manifestations of the disease in patients with comorbid conditions. Despite the broad therapeutic properties of quercetin, further high power randomized clinical trials are needed to firmly establish its clinical efficacy against COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Pawar
- Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Maria Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, Avellino, Italy
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (MMIMSR), Maharishi Markandeshwar University (MMU), Ambala, India
| | | | - Gian Luigi Russo
- National Research Council, Institute of Food Sciences, Avellino, Italy
| | - Amit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Kalyani, India
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28
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Osorio C, Sfera A, Anton JJ, Thomas KG, Andronescu CV, Li E, Yahia RW, Avalos AG, Kozlakidis Z. Virus-Induced Membrane Fusion in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:845580. [PMID: 35531328 PMCID: PMC9070112 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.845580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of epidemiological and research data has associated neurotropic viruses with accelerated brain aging and increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Many viruses replicate optimally in senescent cells, as they offer a hospitable microenvironment with persistently elevated cytosolic calcium, abundant intracellular iron, and low interferon type I. As cell-cell fusion is a major driver of cellular senescence, many viruses have developed the ability to promote this phenotype by forming syncytia. Cell-cell fusion is associated with immunosuppression mediated by phosphatidylserine externalization that enable viruses to evade host defenses. In hosts, virus-induced immune dysfunction and premature cellular senescence may predispose to neurodegenerative disorders. This concept is supported by novel studies that found postinfectious cognitive dysfunction in several viral illnesses, including human immunodeficiency virus-1, herpes simplex virus-1, and SARS-CoV-2. Virus-induced pathological syncytia may provide a unified framework for conceptualizing neuronal cell cycle reentry, aneuploidy, somatic mosaicism, viral spreading of pathological Tau and elimination of viable synapses and neurons by neurotoxic astrocytes and microglia. In this narrative review, we take a closer look at cell-cell fusion and vesicular merger in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. We present a "decentralized" information processing model that conceptualizes neurodegeneration as a systemic illness, triggered by cytoskeletal pathology. We also discuss strategies for reversing cell-cell fusion, including, TMEM16F inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, senolytics, and tubulin stabilizing agents. Finally, going beyond neurodegeneration, we examine the potential benefit of harnessing fusion as a therapeutic strategy in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Osorio
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Adonis Sfera
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Anton
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Karina G. Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Christina V. Andronescu
- Medical Anthropology – Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Erica Li
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Rayan W. Yahia
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Andrea García Avalos
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Facultad de Medicina Campus, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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Wu Y, Shen S, Shi Y, Tian N, Zhou Y, Zhang X. Senolytics: Eliminating Senescent Cells and Alleviating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:823945. [PMID: 35309994 PMCID: PMC8924288 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.823945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main cause of cervical and lumbar spondylosis. Over the past few years, the relevance between cellular senescence and IVDD has been widely studied, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) produced by senescent cells is found to remodel extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism and destruct homeostasis. Elimination of senescent cells by senolytics and suppression of SASP production by senomorphics/senostatics are effective strategies to alleviate degenerative diseases including IVDD. Here, we review the involvement of senescence in the process of IVDD; we also discuss the potential of senolytics on eliminating senescent disc cells and alleviating IVDD; finally, we provide a table listing senolytic drugs and small molecules, aiming to propose potential drugs for IVDD therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Naifeng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Naifeng Tian, ; Yifei Zhou, ; Xiaolei Zhang,
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Naifeng Tian, ; Yifei Zhou, ; Xiaolei Zhang,
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Naifeng Tian, ; Yifei Zhou, ; Xiaolei Zhang,
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Are Sports Champions Also Anti-Epidemic Heroes? Quantitative Research on the Influence of Sports Champions' Demonstration Effect on the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042438. [PMID: 35206626 PMCID: PMC8872107 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
What kind of role do sports champions play in the COVID-19 epidemic? Do they contribute to the mitigation of the epidemic by some pathway? In this paper, we empirically explore the influence and mechanism of the demonstration effect of sports champions upon the COVID-19 epidemic using COVID-19-related dataset of prefecture-level cities in China from 1 January 2020 to 17 March 2020. The two-way fixed effect model of econometrics is applied to estimate the result, the instrumental variable approach is adopted to address potential endogeneity issues, and socio-economic factors including public health measures, residents’ self-protection awareness, effective distance from Wuhan are also taken into consideration. The results show that the demonstration effect of champions in major sporting events increases the participation in physical exercise, which in turn reduces the possibility of being infected with the epidemic. An increase of one gold medal results in a 0.93% increase in the sports population, then leads to a 3.58% decrease in the cumulative case growth rate (p < 0.01). Further, we find that the effect is greater in regions with developed economies and abundant sports resources. Interestingly, it is greater in regions with less attention to sports, which again confirms the role of the demonstration effect.
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Padilha de Lima A, Macedo Rogero M, Araujo Viel T, Garay-Malpartida HM, Aprahamian I, Lima Ribeiro SM. Interplay between Inflammaging, Frailty and Nutrition in Covid-19: Preventive and Adjuvant Treatment Perspectives. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:67-76. [PMID: 35067706 PMCID: PMC8713542 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As humans age, their immune system undergoes modifications, including a low-grade inflammatory status called inflammaging. These changes are associated with a loss of physical and immune resilience, amplifying the risk of being malnourished and frail. Under the COVID-19 scenario, inflammaging increases the susceptibility to poor prognostics. We aimed to bring the current concepts of inflammaging and its relationship with frailty and COVID-19 prognostic; highlight the importance of evaluating the nutritional risk together with frailty aiming to monitor older adults in COVID-19 scenario; explore some compounds with potential to modulate inflammaging in perspective to manage the COVID-19 infection. Substances such as probiotics and senolytics can help reduce the high inflammatory status. Also, the periodic evaluation of nutrition risk and frailty will allow interventions, assuring the appropriate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Padilha de Lima
- Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro, University of São Paulo- Public Health School, Av Dr. Arnaldo 715, Sao Paulo- SP- Brazil, e-mail:
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Landis HE, Getachew B, Tizabi Y. Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids and Zinc in COVID-19. MEDPRESS NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCES 2021; 1:202111001. [PMID: 35340665 PMCID: PMC8950086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a devastating global pandemic. Although control of inflammation and supportive care is a common practice, effective and safe disease-modifying or preventive treatments are not yet available. Recent studies demonstrate that small natural molecules belonging to polyphenol family can interfere with various stages of coronavirus entry and replication. These bioactive phytoconstituents, available as natural components in foods and medicinal plants may provide preventive and other benefits against COVID-19, particularly in older adults with micronutrient deficiencies. Another age-related nutritional deficiency may be inadequate levels of the trace metal zinc (Zn), rendering this population more susceptible to COVID-19. Here, following a brief review of 2 select flavonoids; quercetin as a potent antioxidant, and dihydromyricetin (DHM) as an effective antiviral agent together with Zn, essential for immune function, we suggest potential use of a combination of these compounds as an added prevention and/or treatment modality in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC
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Farheen S, Agrawal S, Zubair S, Agrawal A, Jamal F, Altaf I, Kashif Anwar A, Umair SM, Owais M. Patho-Physiology of Aging and Immune-Senescence: Possible Correlates With Comorbidity and Mortality in Middle-Aged and Old COVID-19 Patients. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:748591. [PMID: 35822018 PMCID: PMC9261314 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.748591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
During the last 2 years, the entire world has been severely devastated by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic (COVID-19) as it resulted in several million deaths across the globe. While the virus infects people indiscriminately, the casualty risk is higher mainly in old, and middle-aged COVID-19 patients. The incidences of COVID-19 associated co-morbidity and mortality have a great deal of correlation with the weakened and malfunctioning immune systems of elderly people. Presumably, due to the physiological changes associated with aging and because of possible comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular, and lung diseases, which are more common in elderly people, may be considered as the reason making the elderly vulnerable to the infection on one hand, and COVID-19 associated complications on the other. The accretion of senescent immune cells not only contributes to the deterioration of host defense, but also results in elevated inflammatory phenotype persuaded immune dysfunction. In the present review, we envisage to correlate functioning of the immune defense of older COVID-19 patients with secondary/super infection, increased susceptibility or aggravation against already existing cancer, infectious, autoimmune, and other chronic inflammatory diseases. Moreover, we have discussed how age-linked modulations in the immune system affect therapeutic response against administered drugs as well as immunological response to various prophylactic measures including vaccination in the elderly host. The present review also provides an insight into the intricate pathophysiology of the aging and the overall immune response of the host to SARS-CoV-2 infection. A better understanding of age-related immune dysfunction is likely to help us in the development of targeted preemptive strategies for deadly COVID-19 in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Farheen
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sudhanshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Swaleha Zubair
- Department of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Anshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Fauzia Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ishrat Altaf
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Abu Kashif Anwar
- Department of Anatomy, HSZH Gov, Unani Medical College, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Owais,
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Paula HSC, Santiago SB, Araújo LA, Pedroso CF, Marinho TA, Gonçalves IAJ, Santos TAP, Pinheiro RS, Oliveira GA, Batista KA. An overview on the current available treatment for COVID-19 and the impact of antibiotic administration during the pandemic. Braz J Med Biol Res 2021; 55:e11631. [PMID: 34909910 PMCID: PMC8851906 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has caused several problems in healthcare systems around the world, as to date, there is no effective and specific treatment against all forms of COVID-19. Currently, drugs with therapeutic potential are being tested, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, immunotherapy, and antibiotics. Although antibiotics have no direct effect on viral infections, they are often used against secondary bacterial infections, or even as empiric treatment to reduce viral load, infection, and replication of coronaviruses. However, there are many concerns about this therapeutic approach as it may accelerate and/or increase the long-term rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We focused this overview on exploring candidate drugs for COVID-19 therapy, including antibiotics, considering the lack of specific treatment and that it is unclear whether the widespread use of antibiotics in the treatment of COVID-19 has implications for the emergence and transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S C Paula
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - S B Santiago
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - L A Araújo
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - C F Pedroso
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - T A Marinho
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - I A J Gonçalves
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - T A P Santos
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - R S Pinheiro
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - G A Oliveira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Valparaíso, Valparaíso, GO, Brasil
| | - K A Batista
- Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Campus Goiânia Oeste, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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35
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Sharma P, Sharma R. Impact of covid-19 on mental health and aging. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7046-7053. [PMID: 34377058 PMCID: PMC8336988 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population's mental health are a rising global concern. Both at the individual and community level, the erratic and uncertain COVID-19 outbreak has the prospective to exhibit a detrimental effect on psychological health and aging. At present, various measures are dedicated to the parameters like awareness of epidemiology, clinical aspects, mode of transmission, counteracting the spread of the infection, and public health problems, although this initiative has neglected critical mental health concerns. This study is to investigate the outbreak to study the level of harmful effects on mental health and its crosstalk with aging. Global execution of preventive, control measures and resilience establishment are challenging factors whereas reformed lifestyle such as lockdown, coping with self-isolation, quarantine, social distancing, and post-traumatic stress disorders are alarming. Hallmarks of aging which interact with each other, have been suggested to affect the healthspan in aged adults, possibly due to attenuated immunity. Among various hallmarks, we concentrated on those that show direct or indirect interaction with viral infections, comprising inflammation, genomic instability, impaired mitochondrial function, epigenetic modification, telomere attrition, and damaged autophagy. These hallmarks possibly contribute to the elicited pathophysiological responses to SARS-CoV-2 and may add an additive risk of accelerated aging post-recovery among aged adults. Here, the role of antiaging drug candidates that require main consideration in COVID-19 research is discussed briefly. In the later future, it can emerge as a potential therapeutic approach in the treatment of patients with severe infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Patna Science College, Patna University, Patna 800005, Bihar, India
| | - Ramesh Sharma
- Department of Applied Science, Feroz Gandhi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Raebareli 229001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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36
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Rath S, Perikala V, Jena AB, Dandapat J. Factors regulating dynamics of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), the gateway of SARS-CoV-2: Epigenetic modifications and therapeutic interventions by epidrugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112095. [PMID: 34479017 PMCID: PMC8403698 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is one of the major components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and participates in the physiological functions of the cardiovascular system and lungs. Recent studies identified ACE2 as the receptor for the S-protein of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and thus acts as the gateway for viral entry into the human body. Virus infection causes an imbalance in the RAS axis and induces acute lungs injury and fibrosis. Various factors regulate ACE2 expression patterns as well as control its epigenetic status at both transcription and translational levels. This review is mainly focused on the impact of environmental toxicants, drugs, endocrine disruptors, and hypoxia as controlling parameters for ACE2 expression and its possible modulation by epigenetic changes which are marked by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) profile. Furthermore, we have emphasized on interventions of various phytochemicals and bioactive compounds as epidrugs that regulate ACE2-S-protein interaction and thereby curb viral infection. Since ACE2 is an important component of the RAAS axis and a crucial entry point of SARS-CoV-2, the dynamics of ACE2 expression in response to various extrinsic and intrinsic factors are of contemporary relevance. We have collated updated information on ACE2 expression modulated by epidrugs, and urge to take over further studies on these important physiological regulators to unravel many more systemic linkages related to both metabolic and infectious diseases, in general and SARS-CoV-2 in particular for further development of targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvasmita Rath
- Centre of Environment, Climate Change and Public Health, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Venkateswarlu Perikala
- Centre of Environment, Climate Change and Public Health, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Atala Bihari Jena
- Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India; Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India.
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Zou H, Ye H, Kamaraj R, Zhang T, Zhang J, Pavek P. A review on pharmacological activities and synergistic effect of quercetin with small molecule agents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153736. [PMID: 34560520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin is a natural flavonoid, which widely exists in nature, such as tea, coffee, apples, and onions. Numerous studies have showed that quercetin has multiple biological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging. Hence, quercetin has a significant therapeutic effect on cancers, obesity, diabetes, and other diseases. In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that quercetin combined with other agents can significantly improve the overall therapeutic effect, compared to single use. PURPOSE This work reviews the pharmacological activities of quercetin and its derivatives. In addition, this work also summarizes both in vivo and in vitro experimental evidence for the synergistic effect of quercetin against cancers and metabolic diseases. METHODS An extensive systematic search for pharmacological activities and synergistic effect of quercetin was performed considering all the relevant literatures published until August 2021 through the databases including NCBI PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The relevant literatures were extracted from the databases with following keyword combinations: "pharmacological activities" OR "biological activities" OR "synergistic effect" OR "combined" OR "combination" AND "quercetin" as well as free-text words. RESULTS Quercetin and its derivatives possess multiple pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular, anti-aging, and neuroprotective activities. In addition, the synergistic effect of quercetin with small molecule agents against cancers and metabolic diseases has also been confirmed. CONCLUSION Quercetin cooperates with agents to improve the therapeutic effect by regulating signal molecules and blocking cell cycle. Synergistic therapy can reduce the dose of agents and avoid the possible toxic and side effects in the treatment process. Although quercetin treatment has some potential side effects, it is safe under the expected use conditions. Hence, quercetin has application value and potential strength as a clinical drug. Furthermore, quercetin, as the main effective therapeutic ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, may effectively treat and prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Rajamanikkam Kamaraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove CZ500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove CZ500 05, Czech Republic.
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Prieto Santamaría L, Díaz Uzquiano M, Ugarte Carro E, Ortiz-Roldán N, Pérez Gallardo Y, Rodríguez-González A. Integrating heterogeneous data to facilitate COVID-19 drug repurposing. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:558-566. [PMID: 34666181 PMCID: PMC8520166 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the COVID-19 pandemic, drug repositioning has presented itself as an alternative to the time-consuming process of generating new drugs. This review describes a drug repurposing process that is based on a new data-driven approach: we put forward five information paths that associate COVID-19-related genes and COVID-19 symptoms with drugs that directly target these gene products, that target the symptoms or that treat diseases that are symptomatically or genetically similar to COVID-19. The intersection of the five information paths results in a list of 13 drugs that we suggest as potential candidates against COVID-19. In addition, we have found information in published studies and in clinical trials that support the therapeutic potential of the drugs in our final list.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Prieto Santamaría
- ETS Ingenieros Informáticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain; Ezeris Networks Global Services S.L., 28028 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Díaz Uzquiano
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Ugarte Carro
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nieves Ortiz-Roldán
- Facultativo Especialista Área (FEA), Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Sierrallana, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, 39300 Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Rodríguez-González
- ETS Ingenieros Informáticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain.
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Sahu S, Patil CR, Kumar S, Apparsundaram S, Goyal RK. Role of ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas axis in post-COVID-19 complications and its dietary modulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 477:225-240. [PMID: 34655418 PMCID: PMC8520076 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04275-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (COVID-19) virus uses Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a gateway for their entry into the human body. The ACE2 with cleaved products have emerged as major contributing factors to multiple physiological functions and pathogenic complications leading to the clinical consequences of the COVID-19 infection Decreased ACE2 expression restricts the viral entry into the human cells and reduces the viral load. COVID-19 infection reduces the ACE2 expression and induces post-COVID-19 complications like pneumonia and lung injury. The modulation of the ACE2-Ang (1–7)-Mas (AAM) axis is also being explored as a modality to treat post-COVID-19 complications. Evidence indicates that specific food components may modulate the AAM axis. The variations in the susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and the post-COVID its complications are being correlated with varied dietary habits. Some of the food substances have emerged to have supportive roles in treating post-COVID-19 complications and are being considered as adjuvants to the COVID-19 therapy. It is possible that some of their active ingredients may emerge as the direct treatment for the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santoshi Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPDRU), PushpVihar Sector-3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - C R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPDRU), PushpVihar Sector-3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPDRU), PushpVihar Sector-3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Subbu Apparsundaram
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPDRU), PushpVihar Sector-3, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Ramesh K Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPDRU), PushpVihar Sector-3, New Delhi, 110017, India.
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Genetic and phenotypic analysis of the causal relationship between aging and COVID-19. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2021; 1:35. [PMID: 35602207 PMCID: PMC9053191 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-021-00033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies revealed that the elderly and those with comorbidities are most affected by COVID-19, but it is important to investigate shared genetic mechanisms between COVID-19 risk and aging. Methods We conducted a multi-instrument Mendelian Randomization analysis of multiple lifespan-related traits and COVID-19. Aging clock models were applied to the subjects with different COVID-19 conditions in the UK-Biobank cohort. We performed a bivariate genomic scan for age-related COVID-19 and Mendelian Randomization analysis of 389 immune cell traits to investigate their effect on lifespan and COVID-19 risk. Results We show that the genetic variation that supports longer life is significantly associated with the lower risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. The odds ratio is 0.31 (P = 9.7 × 10−6) and 0.46 (P = 3.3 × 10−4), respectively, per additional 10 years of life. We detect an association between biological age acceleration and future incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection. Genetic profiling of age-related COVID-19 infection indicates key contributions of Notch signaling and immune system development. We reveal a negative correlation between the effects of immune cell traits on lifespan and COVID-19 risk. We find that lower B-cell CD19 levels are indicative of an increased risk of COVID-19 and decreased life expectancy, which is further validated by COVID-19 clinical data. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that the factors that accelerate aging lead to an increased COVID-19 risk and point to the importance of Notch signaling and B cells in both. Interventions that target these factors to reduce biological age may reduce the risk of COVID-19. Older adults and those with comorbidities are more likely to develop severe COVID-19 if infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we investigate the genetic factors underlying the link between aging and COVID-19. Using data on the genetic variation between individuals and statistical methods to allow us to determine causality, we find that genetic variation associated with longer lifespan is associated with reduced risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. We also find that acceleration of biological age (i.e., the age of your body based on physiological measurements rather than time) is associated with future incidence and severity of COVID-19, and identify some of the key cells and molecules involved in aging-related COVID-19 risk. Our study helps to characterize the relationship between aging and COVID-19, which may help to identify strategies to protect or treat older adults. Ying et al. conduct a multi-instrument Mendelian randomization study looking at the link between aging and COVID-19 risk. They observe an association between genetic variation implicated in longevity and decreased risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization, with Notch signaling and immune system development loci found to be important in aging-related COVID-19 risk.
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78495111110.1152/physrev.00046.2020" />
Abstract
This medical review addresses the hypothesis that CD38/NADase is at the center of a functional axis (i.e., intracellular Ca2+ mobilization/IFNγ response/reactive oxygen species burst) driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, as already verified in respiratory syncytial virus pathology and CD38 activity in other cellular settings. Key features of the hypothesis are that 1) the substrates of CD38 (e.g., NAD+ and NADP+) are depleted by viral-induced metabolic changes; 2) the products of the enzymatic activity of CD38 [e.g., cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPR)/ADPR/nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate] and related enzymes [e.g., poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, Sirtuins, and ADP-ribosyl hydrolase] are involved in the anti‐viral and proinflammatory response that favors the onset of lung immunopathology (e.g., cytokine storm and organ fibrosis); and 3) the pathological changes induced by this kinetic mechanism may be reduced by distinct modulators of the CD38/NAD+ axis (e.g., CD38 blockers, NAD+ suppliers, among others). This view is supported by arrays of associative basic and applied research data that are herein discussed and integrated with conclusions reported by others in the field of inflammatory, immune, tumor, and viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L. Horenstein
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo C. Faini
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
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Castro-Fuentes R, Castro-Hernández J, Socas-Pérez R. [Geroscience in times of global pandemic by COVID-19]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2021; 56:323-325. [PMID: 34565647 PMCID: PMC8358080 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Castro-Fuentes
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Área de Fisiología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, España.
| | - Javier Castro-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Área de Anatomía y Embriología Humana, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, España; Laboratorio de Reumatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias (CHUC), Tenerife, España
| | - Rosario Socas-Pérez
- Servicio de Rehabilitación, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias (CHUC), Tenerife, España
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Espino-y-Sosa S, Martinez-Portilla RJ, Torres-Torres J, Solis-Paredes JM, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Hernandez-Pacheco JA, Espejel-Nuñez A, Mateu-Rogell P, Juarez-Reyes A, Lopez-Ceh FE, Villafan-Bernal JR, Rojas-Zepeda L, Guzman-Guzman IP, Poon LC. Novel Ratio Soluble Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase-1/Angiotensin-II (sFlt-1/ANG-II) in Pregnant Women Is Associated with Critical Illness in COVID-19. Viruses 2021; 13:v13101906. [PMID: 34696336 PMCID: PMC8538263 DOI: 10.3390/v13101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In healthy pregnancies, components of the Renin-Angiotensin system (RAS) are present in the placental villi and contribute to invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. At the same time, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) production is induced after binding of ANG-II to its receptor (AT-1R) in response to hypoxia. As RAS plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, we hypothesized that angiogenic marker (sFlt-1) and RAS components (ANG-II and ACE-2) may be related to adverse outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19; Methods: Prospective cohort study. Primary outcome was severe pneumonia. Secondary outcomes were ICU admission, intubation, sepsis, and death. Spearman’s Rho test was used to analyze the correlation between sFlt-1 and ANG-II levels. The sFlt-1/ANG-II ratio was determined and the association with each adverse outcome was explored by logistic regression analysis and the prediction was assessed using receiver-operating-curve (ROC); Results: Among 80 pregnant women with COVID-19, the sFlt-1/ANG-II ratio was associated with an increased probability of severe pneumonia (odds ratio [OR]: 1.31; p = 0.003), ICU admission (OR: 1.05; p = 0.007); intubation (OR: 1.09; p = 0.008); sepsis (OR: 1.04; p = 0.008); and death (OR: 1.04; p = 0.018); Conclusion: sFlt-1/ANG-II ratio is a good predictor of adverse events such as pneumonia, ICU admission, intubation, sepsis, and death in pregnant women with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Espino-y-Sosa
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Raigam Jafet Martinez-Portilla
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Johnatan Torres-Torres
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, Hospital General de Mexico, “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (A.J.-R.); (F.E.L.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5-520-9900 (ext. 317)
| | - Juan Mario Solis-Paredes
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
| | - Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
| | - Jose Antonio Hernandez-Pacheco
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
| | - Aurora Espejel-Nuñez
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
| | - Paloma Mateu-Rogell
- Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico; (S.E.-y.-S.); (R.J.M.-P.); (J.M.S.-P.); (G.E.-G.); (J.A.H.-P.); (A.E.-N.); (P.M.-R.)
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Angeles Juarez-Reyes
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, Hospital General de Mexico, “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (A.J.-R.); (F.E.L.-C.)
| | - Francisco Eduardo Lopez-Ceh
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, Hospital General de Mexico, “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (A.J.-R.); (F.E.L.-C.)
| | - Jose Rafael Villafan-Bernal
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
- Laboratory of Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Rojas-Zepeda
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de Mexico, Mexico City 50170, Mexico;
| | - Iris Paola Guzman-Guzman
- Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39086, Mexico;
| | - Liona C. Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
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Sonkar C, Doharey PK, Rathore AS, Singh V, Kashyap D, Sahoo AK, Mittal N, Sharma B, Jha HC. Repurposing of gastric cancer drugs against COVID-19. Comput Biol Med 2021; 137:104826. [PMID: 34537409 PMCID: PMC8420180 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic. Additionally, the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the patients of Gastric Cancer (GC; the third leading cause of death in the world) pose a great challenge for the health management of the patients. Since there have been uncertainties to develop a new drug against COVID-19, there is an urgent need for repurposing drugs that can target key proteins of both SARS-CoV-2 and GC. The SARS-CoV-2-RdRp protein contains the NiRAN domain, which is known to have kinase-like folds. A docking study of the FDA approved drugs against GC was performed using AutoDock 4.2 and Glide Schrodinger suite 2019 against SARS-CoV-2-RdRp protein. MMGBSA and MD simulation studies were performed to investigate the binding and stability of the inhibitors with the target protein. In this study, we have found 12 kinase inhibitors with high binding energies namely Baricitinib, Brepocitinib, Decernotinib, Fasudil, Filgotinib, GSK2606414, Peficitinib, Ruxolitinib, Tofacitinib, Upadacitinib, Pamapimod and Ibrutinib. These FDA approved drugs against GC can play a key role in the treatment of COVID-19 patients along with GC as comorbidity. We also hypothesize that JAK, ITK, Rho-associated kinases, FGFR2, FYN, PERK, TYK2, p38-MAPK and SYK kinases can be considered as key therapeutic targets in COVID-19 treatment. Taken altogether, we have proposed the SARS-CoV-2-RdRp as a potential therapeutic target through in-silico studies. However, further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are required for the validation of the proposed targets and drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients already suffering from GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Sonkar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Doharey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, U.P., India
| | - Anuranjan Singh Rathore
- SASTRA Deemed to Be University, Trichy-Tanjore Road, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, 211015, U.P., India
| | - Dharmendra Kashyap
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Amaresh Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, 211015, U.P., India
| | - Nitish Mittal
- Computational and Systems Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50-70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, U.P., India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India.
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Srivastava K, Singh MK. Drug repurposing in COVID-19: A review with past, present and future. Metabol Open 2021; 12:100121. [PMID: 34462734 PMCID: PMC8387125 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 which causes the COVID-19 disease is a global public health emergency. Coronavirus are single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses and their genome size is approximately 30 kb, which encodes some important structural proteins. The interaction between viral Spike protein and ACE2 on the host cell surface is of significant interest since it initiates the infection process. This review will focus on the effectiveness of reuse of currently used drugs against COVID-19, including clinical trials, molecular docking, and computational modelling approach. Methods A systematic search in Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE was conducted from from January 2020 to July 2021. Applying computational, clinical and experimental approaches, numerous drugs such as remdesivir, favipiravir, ribavirin, lopinavir, ritonavir, tocilizumab have been repurposed and have shown promising protection against SARS-CoV2 both in vitro and in clinical conditions. Although there is only one repurposed drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), i.e, Remdesivir. However, the FDA withdrew the authorization of the drugs Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine,that are not effective for COVID-19 and can also cause serious heart problems. Molecular coupling would be the ideal technique to identify such therapeutic agents against COVID19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamna Srivastava
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Mohan Kumar Singh
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Sellegounder D, Zafari P, Rajabinejad M, Taghadosi M, Kapahi P. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its receptor, RAGE, modulate age-dependent COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. A review and hypothesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107806. [PMID: 34352471 PMCID: PMC8141786 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2, is often more severe in older adults. Besides age, other underlying conditions such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and malignancies, which are also associated with aging, have been considered risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. A rapidly expanding body of evidence has brought up various scenarios for these observations and hyperinflammatory reactions associated with COVID-19 pathogenesis. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) generated upon glycation of proteins, DNA, or lipids play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases and all of the above-mentioned COVID-19 risk factors. Interestingly, the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) is mainly expressed by type 2 epithelial cells in the alveolar sac, which has a critical role in SARS-CoV-2-associated hyper inflammation and lung injury. Here we discuss our hypothesis that AGEs, through their interaction with RAGE amongst other molecules, modulates COVID-19 pathogenesis and related comorbidities, especially in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durai Sellegounder
- (BuckInstitute for Researchon Aging), (Novato), (CA 94945), (United States)
| | - Parisa Zafari
- (Departmentof Immunology), (School of Medicine), (Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences), (Sari), (Iran)
| | - Misagh Rajabinejad
- (Departmentof Immunology), (School of Medicine), (Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences), (Sari), (Iran); (StudentResearch Committee), (Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences), (Iran)
| | - Mahdi Taghadosi
- (Departmentof Immunology), (School of Medicine), (Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences), (Kermanshah), (Iran).
| | - Pankaj Kapahi
- (BuckInstitute for Researchon Aging), (Novato), (CA 94945), (United States).
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Kaklamanos A, Belogiannis K, Skendros P, Gorgoulis VG, Vlachoyiannopoulos PG, Tzioufas AG. COVID-19 Immunobiology: Lessons Learned, New Questions Arise. Front Immunol 2021; 12:719023. [PMID: 34512643 PMCID: PMC8427766 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is strong evidence that COVID-19 pathophysiology is mainly driven by a spatiotemporal immune deregulation. Both its phenotypic heterogeneity, spanning from asymptomatic to severe disease/death, and its associated mortality, are dictated by and linked to maladaptive innate and adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic factor of the disease. Deregulated interferon and cytokine responses, with the contribution of immune and cellular stress-response mediators (like cellular senescence or uncontrolled inflammatory cell death), result in innate and adaptive immune system malfunction, endothelial activation and inflammation (endothelitis), as well as immunothrombosis (with enhanced platelet activation, NET production/release and complement hyper-activation). All these factors play key roles in the development of severe COVID-19. Interestingly, another consequence of this immune deregulation, is the production of autoantibodies and the subsequent development of autoimmune phenomena observed in some COVID-19 patients with severe disease. These new aspects of the disease that are now emerging (like autoimmunity and cellular senescence), could offer us new opportunities in the field of disease prevention and treatment. Simultaneously, lessons already learned from the immunobiology of COVID-19 could offer new insights, not only for this disease, but also for a variety of chronic inflammatory responses observed in autoimmune and (auto)inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilios Kaklamanos
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Autoimmune Systemic and Neurological Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Belogiannis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Skendros
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
- Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panayiotis G. Vlachoyiannopoulos
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Autoimmune Systemic and Neurological Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G. Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Autoimmune Systemic and Neurological Diseases, Athens, Greece
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Genomic evolution of the human and animal coronavirus diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6645-6653. [PMID: 34383242 PMCID: PMC8358252 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Different coronaviruses have emerged due to their ability to infect, mutate and recombine multiple species and cell types, suggesting that these viruses will carry on to evolve and origin both veterinary and human diseases. So far, more than fifteen coronavirus-related diseases have been described in animals and seven in humans. Of which recently, a novel human betacoronavirus designated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an emerging zoonotic coronavirus is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019. This virus emerged in China and spread rapidly worldwide. At the end of January 2020, the WHO declared the pandemic as a public health emergency of international concern. In this pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected more than 198 million people, with 4.2 million deaths worldwide (as of 2 August 2021). In the past two decades, this is the third betacoronavirus that has crossed the interspecies barrier from animals to infect humans and other animal species. The diseases caused mainly severe respiratory infections. The aim of this review is to summarize and provide an overview of the coronaviruses that can affect animals and humans and the diseases that ensue, as well as, its genomic relationship.
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Anand K, Vadivalagan C, Joseph JS, Singh SK, Gulati M, Shahbaaz M, Abdellattif MH, Prasher P, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Dua K. A novel nano therapeutic using convalescent plasma derived exosomal (CP Exo) for COVID-19: A combined hyperactive immune modulation and diagnostics. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 344:109497. [PMID: 33991505 PMCID: PMC8116126 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles like exosomes are important therapeutic tactics for treating COVID -19. By utilizing convalescent plasma derived exosomes (CPExo) from COVID-19 recovered persistence could accelerate the treatment strategies in the current state of affairs. Adequate literature has shown that administering the exosome to the in vivo system could be beneficial and could target the pathogens in an effective and precise manner. In this hypothesis we highlight the CPExo instead of convalescent plasma (CP), perhaps to dispense of exosomes are gratified and it's more effectively acquired immune response conferral through antibodies. COVID-19 convalescent plasma has billions of exosomes and it has aptitudes to carry molecular constituents like proteins, lipids, RNA and DNA, etc. Moreover, exosomes are capable of recognizing antigens with adequate sensitivity and specificity. Many of these derivatives could trigger an immune modulation into the cells and act as an epigenetic inheritor response to target pathogens through RNAs. COIVID-19 resistance activated plasma-derived exosomes are either responsible for the effects of plasma beyond the contained immune antibodies or could be inhibitory. The proposed hypothesis suggests that preselecting the plasma-derived antibodies and RNAs merged exosomes would be an optimized therapeutic tactic for COVID-19 patients. We suggest that, the CPExo has a multi-potential effect for treatment efficacy by acting as immunotherapeutic, drug carrier, and diagnostic target with noncoding genetic materials as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jitcy Saji Joseph
- Department of Toxicology and Biochemistry, National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), A Division of National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Mohd Shahbaaz
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa; Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospekt, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia
| | - Magda H Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura Mahal Road, 302017, Jaipur, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
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50
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Sfera A, Osorio C, Maguire G, Rahman L, Afzaal J, Cummings M, Maldonado JC. COVID-19, ferrosenescence and neurodegeneration, a mini-review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 109:110230. [PMID: 33373681 PMCID: PMC7832711 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exacerbation of cognitive, motor and nonmotor symptoms have been described in critically ill COVID-19 patients, indicating that, like prior pandemics, neurodegenerative sequelae may mark the aftermath of this viral infection. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 disease, was associated with hyperferritinemia and unfavorable prognosis in older individuals, suggesting virus-induced ferrosenescence. We have previously defined ferrosenescence as an iron-associated disruption of both the human genome and its repair mechanisms, leading to premature cellular senescence and neurodegeneration. As viruses replicate more efficiently in iron-rich senescent cells, they may have developed the ability to induce this phenotype in host tissues, predisposing to both immune dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders. In this mini-review, we summarize what is known about the SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular senescence and iron dysmetabolism. We also take a closer look at immunotherapy with natural killer cells, angiotensin II receptor blockers ("sartans"), iron chelators and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors ("gliptins") as adjunct treatments for both COVID-19 and its neurodegenerative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, California, United States of America.
| | | | - Gerald Maguire
- University of California, Riverside, United States of America
| | - Leah Rahman
- Patton State Hospital, California, United States of America
| | - Jafri Afzaal
- Patton State Hospital, California, United States of America
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