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Pouladi F, Nozari E, Hosseinzadeh F, Hashemi S. The protective association of dairy intake and the adverse impact of iron on gestational diabetes risk. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:354-364. [PMID: 38229511 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a pregnancy-related glucose intolerance with significant implications for maternal and fetal health. Calcium is essential for insulin secretion and metabolism, while iron intake may also impact GDM. This case-control study was conducted to investigate the relationship between calcium and iron intake with the risk of GDM. Methods: GDM was defined as Fasting Blood Sugar>92mg/dL or 75g Oral-Glucose-Tolerance-Test 120-minutes>153mg/dL. A 168-Item food-frequency-questionnaire was used to collect dietary calcium and iron intake from 24-40 weeks of gestation. The impact of total iron, red, processed/unprocessed meat consumption, calcium, and dairy intake on GDM were investigated. Results: A total of 229 GDM and 205 non-GDM women (18-45 years) participated. GDM group had higher pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain, and pre-pregnancy BMI. Across all models, GDM risk significantly increased in the third and fourth quartiles of iron intake. The fourth quartile had an Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.68 (CI 95%, 4.89-1.56; P<0.001) compared to the reference. Heme-iron consumption in the fourth quartiles increased GDM risk. In the second calcium intake model, ORs for the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 0.51 (CI 95%, 0.91-0.25), 0.43 (CI 95%, 0.77-0.24), and 0.35 (CI 95%, 0.63-0.19), respectively (P<0.001 all), reducing GDM risk by 50-65% compared to the first quartile. Dairy consumption in all quartiles of the first and second models was associated with lower GDM risk. Conclusions: Consumption of heme-iron through red and processed meat associated with an increased chance of developing GDM. Dairy intake reduces the chances of developing GDM in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pouladi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nozari
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokuh Hashemi
- Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Zhou M, Hanschmann EM, Römer A, Linn T, Petry SF. The significance of glutaredoxins for diabetes mellitus and its complications. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103043. [PMID: 38377787 PMCID: PMC10891345 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable metabolic disease hallmarked by chronic hyperglycemia caused by beta-cell failure. Diabetic complications affect the vasculature and result in macro- and microangiopathies, which account for a significantly increased morbidity and mortality. The rising incidence and prevalence of diabetes is a major global health burden. There are no feasible strategies for beta-cell preservation available in daily clinical practice. Therefore, patients rely on antidiabetic drugs or the application of exogenous insulin. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved members of the thioredoxin family of proteins. They have specific functions in redox-mediated signal transduction, iron homeostasis and biosynthesis of iron-sulfur (FeS) proteins, and the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and function. The involvement of Grxs in chronic diseases has been a topic of research for several decades, suggesting them as therapeutic targets. Little is known about their role in diabetes and its complications. Therefore, this review summarizes the available literature on the significance of Grxs in diabetes and its complications. In conclusion, Grxs are differentially expressed in the endocrine pancreas and in tissues affected by diabetic complications, such as the heart, the kidneys, the eye, and the vasculature. They are involved in several pathways essential for insulin signaling, metabolic inflammation, glucose and fatty acid uptake and processing, cell survival, and iron and mitochondrial metabolism. Most studies describe significant changes in glutaredoxin expression and/or activity in response to the diabetic metabolism. In general, mitigated levels of Grxs are associated with oxidative distress, cell damage, and even cell death. The induced overexpression is considered a potential part of the cellular stress-response, counteracting oxidative distress and exerting beneficial impact on cell function such as insulin secretion, cytokine expression, and enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhou
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, Center of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Hanschmann
- Experimental and Translational Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Axel Römer
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, Center of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Linn
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, Center of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Friedrich Petry
- Clinical Research Unit, Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, Center of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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Zeidan RS, Martenson M, Tamargo JA, McLaren C, Ezzati A, Lin Y, Yang JJ, Yoon HS, McElroy T, Collins JF, Leeuwenburgh C, Mankowski RT, Anton S. Iron homeostasis in older adults: balancing nutritional requirements and health risks. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100212. [PMID: 38489995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Iron plays a crucial role in many physiological processes, including oxygen transport, bioenergetics, and immune function. Iron is assimilated from food and also recycled from senescent red blood cells. Iron exists in two dietary forms: heme (animal based) and non-heme (mostly plant based). The body uses iron for metabolic purposes, and stores the excess mainly in splenic and hepatic macrophages. Physiologically, iron excretion in humans is inefficient and not highly regulated, so regulation of intestinal absorption maintains iron homeostasis. Iron losses occur at a steady rate via turnover of the intestinal epithelium, blood loss, and exfoliation of dead skin cells, but overall iron homeostasis is tightly controlled at cellular and systemic levels. Aging can have a profound impact on iron homeostasis and induce a dyshomeostasis where iron deficiency or overload (sometimes both simultaneously) can occur, potentially leading to several disorders and pathologies. To maintain physiologically balanced iron levels, reduce risk of disease, and promote healthy aging, it is advisable for older adults to follow recommended daily intake guidelines and periodically assess iron levels. Clinicians can evaluate body iron status using different techniques but selecting an assessment method primarily depends on the condition being examined. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the forms, sources, and metabolism of dietary iron, associated disorders of iron dyshomeostasis, assessment of iron levels in older adults, and nutritional guidelines and strategies to maintain iron balance in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola S Zeidan
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew Martenson
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Javier A Tamargo
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christian McLaren
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Armin Ezzati
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jae Jeong Yang
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hyung-Suk Yoon
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - James F Collins
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen Anton
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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Pang H, Huang G, Xie Z, Zhou Z. The role of regulated necrosis in diabetes and its complications. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:495-505. [PMID: 38393662 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Morphologically, cell death can be divided into apoptosis and necrosis. Apoptosis, which is a type of regulated cell death, is well tolerated by the immune system and is responsible for hemostasis and cellular turnover under physiological conditions. In contrast, necrosis is defined as a form of passive cell death that leads to a dramatic inflammatory response (also referred to as necroinflammation) and causes organ dysfunction under pathological conditions. Recently, a novel form of cell death named regulated necrosis (such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis) was discovered. Distinct from apoptosis, regulated necrosis is modulated by multiple internal or external factors, but meanwhile, it results in inflammation and immune response. Accumulating evidence has indicated that regulated necrosis is associated with multiple diseases, including diabetes. Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia caused by insulin deficiency and/or insulin resistance, and long-term high glucose leads to various diabetes-related complications. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, and introduce recent advances in characterizing the associations between these three types of regulated necrosis and diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Pang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Gan Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Mohammadi S, Ghaderi S, Sayehmiri F, Fathi M. Quantitative susceptibility mapping for iron monitoring of multiple subcortical nuclei in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1331831. [PMID: 38510699 PMCID: PMC10950952 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1331831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Iron accumulation in the brain has been linked to diabetes, but its role in subcortical structures involved in motor and cognitive functions remains unclear. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) allows the non-invasive quantification of iron deposition in the brain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM in the subcortical nuclei of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with controls. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched [following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines] for studies reporting QSM values in the deep gray matter (DGM) regions of patients with T2DM and controls. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) for susceptibility were calculated using fixed-effects meta-analysis models, and heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's and Egger's tests. Results Six studies including 192 patients with T2DM and 245 controls were included. This study found a significant increase in iron deposition in the subcortical nuclei of patients with T2DM compared to the control group. The study found moderate increases in the putamen (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.72, p = 0.00) and dentate nucleus (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.85, p = 0.00) but weak associations between increased iron levels in the caudate nucleus (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.52, p = 0.00) and red nucleus (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI 0.00 0.44, p = 0.05). No statistical significance was found for iron deposition alterations in the globus pallidus (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI -0.01 to 0.38; p = 0.06) and substantia nigra (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI -0.10, 0.34, p = 0.29). Sensitivity analysis showed that the findings remained unaffected by individual studies, and consistent increases were observed in multiple subcortical areas. Discussion QSM revealed an increase in iron in the DGM/subcortical nuclei in T2DM patients versus controls, particularly in the motor and cognitive nuclei, including the putamen, dentate nucleus, caudate nucleus, and red nucleus. Thus, QSM may serve as a potential biomarker for iron accumulation in T2DM patients. However, further research is needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li T, Zhang J, Li P. Ferritin and iron supplements in gestational diabetes mellitus: less or more? Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:67-78. [PMID: 37775606 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron metabolism has been found to be closely related to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Excessive ferritin levels were shown to be related to an increased risk of GDM because of iron overload which may lead to insulin resistance and β-cell injury by enhancing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. On the contrary, insufficient ferritin levels can cause a number of obstetric complications, such as high incidence rates of anaemia and gestational hypertension. Therefore, high or low ferritin levels may have adverse effects on the mother and the foetus, putting clinicians in a dilemma when giving pregnant women iron supplements. This also explains why there have been more conflicting findings in the studies on dietary or oral iron supplementation during pregnancy. Hence, there is an urgent need for more evidence and strategies for appropriate recommendations for ferritin levels and iron supplementation during pregnancy to prevent iron insufficiency without causing iron overload and increasing the risk of GDM. Therefore, we gave an updated review on the association of GDM with ferritin metabolism, ferritin levels and iron supplementation based on the summary of the latest research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39, Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingfan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39, Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39, Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, China.
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7
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Liao W, Cao X, Xia H, Wang S, Chen L, Sun G. Pea protein hydrolysate reduces blood glucose in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1298046. [PMID: 38156281 PMCID: PMC10754521 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1298046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Food proteins have been recognized as an ideal source to release bioactive peptides with the potential to intervene nutrition related chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes. Our previous studies showed that pea protein hydrolysate (PPH) could suppress hepatic glucose production in hepatic cells via inhibiting the gluconeogenic signaling. Thus, we hypothesized that PPH could play the hypoglycemic role in vivo. Methods In the present study, the mice model with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) was developed by high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin injections. PPH was administered orally with a dosage of 1000 mg/kg body weight for 9 weeks, followed by the downstream biomedical analyses. Results The results showed that the 9-week treatment of PPH could reduce fasting blood glucose by 29.6% and improve glucose tolerance in the T2DM mice. The associated mechanisms included suppression of the gluconeogenic pathway, activation of the insulin signaling and modulation of the renin angiotensin system in the liver of the diabetic mice. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory markers in both liver and serum were reduced by the PPH treatment. Conclusion The hypoglycemic effect of PPH in T2DM mice was demonstrated in the present study. Findings from this study could provide rationale to incorporate PPH into functional foods or nutraceuticals for glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Huang Q, Tian H, Tian L, Zhao X, Li L, Zhang Y, Qiu Z, Lei S, Xia Z. Inhibiting Rev-erbα-mediated ferroptosis alleviates susceptibility to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetes. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:135-150. [PMID: 37805047 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The complex progression of type-2 diabetes (T2DM) may result in increased susceptibility to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. IR injuries in multiple organs involves ferroptosis. Recently, the clock gene Rev-erbα has aroused considerable interest as a novel therapeutic target for metabolic and ischemic heart diseases. Herein, we investigated the roles of Rev-erbα and ferroptosis in myocardial IR injury during T2DM and its potential mechanisms. A T2DM model, myocardial IR and a tissue-specific Rev-erbα-/- mouse in vivo were established, and a high-fat high glucose environment with hypoxia-reoxygenation (HFHG/HR) in H9c2 were also performed. After myocardial IR, glycolipid profiles, creatine kinase-MB, AI, and the expression of Rev-erbα and ferroptosis-related proteins were increased in diabetic rats with impaired cardiac function compared to non-diabetic rats, regardless of the time at which IR was induced. The ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 decreased AI in diabetic rats given IR and LPO levels in cells treated with HFHG/HR, as well as the expression of Rev-erbα and ACSL4. The ferroptosis inducer erastin increased AI and LPO levels and ACSL4 expression. Treatment with the circadian regulator nobiletin and genetically targeting Rev-erbα via siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 technology both protected against severe myocardial injury and decreased Rev-erbα and ACSL4 expression, compared to the respective controls. Taken together, these data suggest that ferroptosis is involved in the susceptibility to myocardial IR injury during T2DM, and that targeting Rev-erbα could alleviate myocardial IR injury by inhibiting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Huang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Liqun Tian
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, PR China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shaoqing Lei
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Univ, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China.
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Charlebois E, Pantopoulos K. Nutritional Aspects of Iron in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112441. [PMID: 37299408 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary iron assimilation is critical for health and essential to prevent iron-deficient states and related comorbidities, such as anemia. The bioavailability of iron is generally low, while its absorption and metabolism are tightly controlled to satisfy metabolic needs and prevent toxicity of excessive iron accumulation. Iron entry into the bloodstream is limited by hepcidin, the iron regulatory hormone. Hepcidin deficiency due to loss-of-function mutations in upstream gene regulators causes hereditary hemochromatosis, an endocrine disorder of iron overload characterized by chronic hyperabsorption of dietary iron, with deleterious clinical complications if untreated. The impact of high dietary iron intake and elevated body iron stores in the general population is not well understood. Herein, we summarize epidemiological data suggesting that a high intake of heme iron, which is abundant in meat products, poses a risk factor for metabolic syndrome pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers. We discuss the clinical relevance and potential limitations of data from cohort studies, as well as the need to establish causality and elucidate molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Charlebois
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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10
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Feng J, Shan X, Wang L, Lu J, Cao Y, Yang L. Association of Body Iron Metabolism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Women of Childbearing Age: Results from the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (2015). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081935. [PMID: 37111154 PMCID: PMC10141641 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High iron stores have been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, evidence for the associations of iron metabolism with T2DM is inconsistent, and whether there is a threshold effect remains controversial. In the present study, we aimed to examine the associations between various iron biomarkers and the risk of T2DM as well as impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and hyperglycemia in Chinese women of childbearing age. A total of 1145 women were divided into three groups (normal blood glucose metabolism group; IGM group; T2DM group). Biomarkers of iron metabolism (serum ferritin (SF), transferrin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), transferrin saturation, serum iron, total body iron, and sTfR-to-lgferritin index) were measured. After adjusting for various confounding risk factors, SF and sTfR were positively associated with the risk of IGM (fourth vs. first quartile: SF odds ratio (OR) = 1.93 (95% CI 1.17-3.20) and sTfR OR = 3.08 (95% CI 1.84-5.14)) and T2DM (SF OR = 2.39 (95% CI 1.40-4.06) and sTfR OR = 3.84 (95% CI 2.53-5.83)). There was a nonlinear relationship between SF and risk of T2DM and hyperglycemia (p for nonlinearity < 0.01). Our findings suggested that SF and sTfR could be independent predictors of T2DM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 241001, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaxi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lichen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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11
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Iron metabolism and ferroptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus and complications: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:186. [PMID: 36882414 PMCID: PMC9992652 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of iron homeostasis is essential for proper endocrine function. A growing body of evidence suggests that iron imbalance is a key factor in the development of several endocrine diseases. Nowadays, ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, has become increasingly recognized as an important process to mediate the pathogenesis and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been shown that ferroptosis in pancreas β cells leads to decreased insulin secretion; and ferroptosis in the liver, fat, and muscle induces insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanisms concerning the regulation of iron metabolism and ferroptosis in T2DM may lead to improved disease management. In this review, we summarized the connection between the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms of iron metabolism and ferroptosis in T2DM. Additionally, we discuss the potential targets and pathways concerning ferroptosis in treating T2DM and analysis the current limitations and future directions concerning these novel T2DM treatment targets.
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Abstract
High iron is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and affects most of its cardinal features: decreased insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. This is true across the normal range of tissue iron levels and in pathologic iron overload. Because of iron's central role in metabolic processes (e.g., fuel oxidation) and metabolic regulation (e.g., hypoxia sensing), iron levels participate in determining metabolic rates, gluconeogenesis, fuel choice, insulin action, and adipocyte phenotype. The risk of diabetes related to iron is evident in most or all tissues that determine diabetes phenotypes, with the adipocyte, beta cell, and liver playing central roles. Molecular mechanisms for these effects are diverse, although there may be integrative pathways at play. Elucidating these pathways has implications not only for diabetes prevention and treatment, but also for the pathogenesis of other diseases that are, like T2DM, associated with aging, nutrition, and iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria V Harrison
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
| | - Felipe Ramos Lorenzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
- Department of Veterans Affairs, W.G. (Bill) Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donald A McClain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;
- Department of Veterans Affairs, W.G. (Bill) Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Dhorajia VV, Kim J, Kim Y. Early adaptive responses in the skeletal muscle of young mice with hereditary hemochromatosis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3179-3187. [PMID: 36701040 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is characterized by iron overload that can cause multiple organ dysfunction primarily due to uncontrolled iron-mediated oxidative stress. Although HH leads to muscular weakness, disorder, and fatigue, the mechanism by which HH affects skeletal muscle physiology is largely unknown. METHODS Using Hfe knockout mice (6-7 months old), a well-defined mouse model of HH, we examined iron status in the skeletal muscle, as well as other organs. As mitochondria are key organelle for muscular function, this study also explored how molecular markers for mitochondrial function and related systems are regulated in the HH skeletal muscle using western blots. RESULTS Although iron overload was evident at the systemic level, only mild iron overload was observed in the skeletal muscle of HH. Of note, mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I was upregulated in the HH skeletal muscle, which was accompanied by enhanced autophagy. However, these molecular changes were not associated with oxidative stress, suggesting altered mitochondrial metabolism in the muscle in response to iron overload. CONCLUSIONS These early adaptive responses may be important for supporting mitochondrial health before fully developing skeletal muscle dysfunction in HH. More studies are needed to determine the role of autophagy in the HH-related muscle mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun V Dhorajia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 3 Solomont Way, Suite 4, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
| | - Yuho Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 113 Wilder Street, Suite 393, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
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14
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James JV, Varghese J, John NM, Deschemin JC, Vaulont S, McKie AT, Jacob M. Insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation induced by a high-fat diet are attenuated in the absence of hepcidin. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109175. [PMID: 36223834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Increased body iron stores and inflammation in adipose tissue have been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the underlying basis of these associations is unclear. To attempt to investigate this, we studied the development of IR and associated inflammation in adipose tissue in the presence of increased body iron stores. Male hepcidin knock-out (Hamp1-/-) mice, which have increased body iron stores, and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 and 24 weeks. Development of IR and metabolic parameters linked to this, insulin signaling in various tissues, and inflammation and iron-related parameters in visceral adipose tissue were studied in these animals. HFD-feeding resulted in impaired glucose tolerance in both genotypes of mice. In response to the HFD for 24 weeks, Hamp1-/- mice gained less body weight and developed less systemic IR than corresponding WT mice. This was associated with less lipid accumulation in the liver and decreased inflammation and lipolysis in the adipose tissue in the knock-out mice, than in the WT animals. Fewer macrophages infiltrated the adipose tissue in the knockout mice than in wild-type mice, with these macrophages exhibiting a predominantly anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotype and indirect evidence of a possible lowered intracellular iron content. The absence of hepcidin was thus associated with attenuated inflammation in the adipose tissue and increased whole-body insulin sensitivity, suggesting a role for it in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jithu Varghese James
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; Department of Diabetes & Obesity, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joe Varghese
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Deschemin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vaulont
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Tristan McKie
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Molly Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
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Prasad M K, Mohandas S, Kunka Mohanram R. Role of ferroptosis inhibitors in the management of diabetes. Biofactors 2022; 49:270-296. [PMID: 36468443 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, the iron-dependent, lipid peroxide-mediated cell death, has garnered attention due to its critical involvement in crucial physiological and pathological cellular processes. Indeed, several studies have attributed its role in developing a range of disorders, including diabetes. As accumulating evidence further the understanding of ferroptotic mechanisms, the impact this specialized mode of cell death has on diabetic pathogenesis is still unclear. Several in vivo and in vitro studies have highlighted the association of ferroptosis with beta-cell death and insulin resistance, supported by observations of marked alterations in ferroptotic markers in experimental diabetes models. The constant improvement in understanding ferroptosis in diabetes has demonstrated it as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic management. In this regard, ferroptosis inhibitors promise to rescue pancreatic beta-cell function and alleviate diabetes and its complications. This review article elucidates the key ferroptotic pathways that mediate beta-cell death in diabetes, and its complications. In particular, we share our insight into the cross talk between ferroptosis and other hallmark pathogenic mediators such as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress regulators relevant to diabetes progression. Further, we extensively summarize the recent developments on the role of ferroptosis inhibitors and their therapeutic action in alleviating diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Prasad M
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Qiu F, Wu L, Yang G, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun X, Chen X, Wang N. The role of iron metabolism in chronic diseases related to obesity. Mol Med 2022; 28:130. [PMID: 36335331 PMCID: PMC9636637 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major public health problems threatening the world, as well as a potential risk factor for chronic metabolic diseases. There is growing evidence that iron metabolism is altered in obese people, however, the highly refined regulation of iron metabolism in obesity and obesity-related complications is still being investigated. Iron accumulation can affect the body’s sensitivity to insulin, Type 2 diabetes, liver disease and cardiovascular disease. This review summarized the changes and potential mechanisms of iron metabolism in several chronic diseases related to obesity, providing new clues for future research.
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17
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Hof L, Old O, Steinbicker A, Meybohm P, Choorapoikayil S, Zacharowski K. Iron deficiency in cardiac surgical patients. ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA BELGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.56126/73.4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element and involved in a variety of metabolic processes including oxygen transport, cellular energy production, energy metabolism of heart muscles, brain function, cell growth and cell differentiation. Preoperative anaemia is an independent risk factor for poor outcome. Recently, iron deficiency was considered only in the context of anaemia. However, negative consequences of iron deficiency in the absence of anaemia have been described for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. To date, the benefit of intravenous iron supplementation in these patients has been controversially debated. In this review, we discuss the latest progress in studies of intravenous iron supplementation in iron deficient cardiac surgical patients.
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López M, Quintero-Macías L, Huerta M, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Melnikov V, Cárdenas Y, Bricio-Barrios JA, Sánchez-Pastor E, Gamboa-Domínguez A, Leal C, Trujillo X, Ríos-Silva M. Capsaicin Decreases Kidney Iron Deposits and Increases Hepcidin Levels in Diabetic Rats with Iron Overload: A Preliminary Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227764. [PMID: 36431865 PMCID: PMC9695924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload (IOL) increases the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Capsaicin (CAP), an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1), reduces the effects of IOL. We evaluated the effects of chronic CAP administration on hepcidin expression, kidney iron deposits, and urinary biomarkers in a male Wistar rat model with IOL and DM (DM-IOL). IOL was induced with oral administration of iron for 12 weeks and DM was induced with streptozotocin. Four groups were studied: Healthy, DM, DM-IOL, and DM-IOL + CAP (1 mg·kg-1·day-1 for 12 weeks). Iron deposits were visualized with Perls tissue staining and a colorimetric assay. Serum hepcidin levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Kidney biomarkers were assayed in 24 h urine samples. In the DM-IOL + CAP group, the total area of iron deposits and the total iron content in kidneys were smaller than those observed in both untreated DM groups. CAP administration significantly increased hepcidin levels in the DM-IOL group. Urinary levels of albumin, cystatin C, and beta-2-microglobulin were similar in all three experimental groups. In conclusion, we showed that in a DM-IOL animal model, CAP reduced renal iron deposits and increased the level of circulating hepcidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa López
- University Center of Biomedical Research, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio #965, Col. Villas San Sebastian, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Laura Quintero-Macías
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad #333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Miguel Huerta
- University Center of Biomedical Research, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio #965, Col. Villas San Sebastian, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | | | - Valery Melnikov
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad #333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Yolitzy Cárdenas
- University Center of Biomedical Research, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio #965, Col. Villas San Sebastian, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Sánchez-Pastor
- University Center of Biomedical Research, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio #965, Col. Villas San Sebastian, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Armando Gamboa-Domínguez
- Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Pathology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Caridad Leal
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada No. 800, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Xóchitl Trujillo
- University Center of Biomedical Research, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio #965, Col. Villas San Sebastian, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ríos-Silva
- University Center of Biomedical Research, CONACyT-Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio #965, Col. Villas San Sebastian, Colima 28045, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +52-312-316-1000 (ext. 70557 or 47452)
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19
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Elumalai S, Karunakaran U, Moon JS, Won KC. Ferroptosis Signaling in Pancreatic β-Cells: Novel Insights & Therapeutic Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213679. [PMID: 36430158 PMCID: PMC9690757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stress impairs pancreatic β-cell survival and function in diabetes. Although the pathophysiology of metabolic stress is complex, aberrant tissue damage and β-cell death are brought on by an imbalance in redox equilibrium due to insufficient levels of endogenous antioxidant expression in β-cells. The vulnerability of β-cells to oxidative damage caused by iron accumulation has been linked to contributory β-cell ferroptotic-like malfunction under diabetogenic settings. Here, we take into account recent findings on how iron metabolism contributes to the deregulation of the redox response in diabetic conditions as well as the ferroptotic-like malfunction in the pancreatic β-cells, which may offer insights for deciphering the pathomechanisms and formulating plans for the treatment or prevention of metabolic stress brought on by β-cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suma Elumalai
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea
| | - Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea
| | - Jun-Sung Moon
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.M.); (K.-C.W.); Tel.: +82-53-620-3825 (J.-S.W.); +82-53-620-3846 (K.-C.W.)
| | - Kyu-Chang Won
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.M.); (K.-C.W.); Tel.: +82-53-620-3825 (J.-S.W.); +82-53-620-3846 (K.-C.W.)
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20
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Mayneris-Perxachs J, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Fernández-Real JM. The role of iron in host-microbiota crosstalk and its effects on systemic glucose metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:683-698. [PMID: 35986176 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron is critical for the appearance and maintenance of life on Earth. Almost all organisms compete or cooperate for iron acquisition, demonstrating the importance of this essential element for the biological and physiological processes that are key for the preservation of metabolic homeostasis. In humans and other mammals, the bidirectional interactions between the bacterial component of the gut microbiota and the host for iron acquisition shape both host and microbiota metabolism. Bacterial functions influence host iron absorption, whereas the intake of iron, iron deficiency and iron excess in the host affect bacterial biodiversity, taxonomy and function, resulting in changes in bacterial virulence. These consequences of the host-microbial crosstalk affect systemic levels of iron, its storage in different tissues and host glucose metabolism. At the interface between the host and the microbiota, alterations in the host innate immune system and in circulating soluble factors that regulate iron (that is, hepcidin, lipocalin 2 and lactoferrin) are associated with metabolic disease. In fact, patients with obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance exhibit dysregulation in iron homeostasis and alterations in their gut microbiota profile. From an evolutionary point of view, the pursuit of two important nutrients - glucose and iron - has probably driven human evolution towards the most efficient pathways and genes for human survival and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
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21
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Ameka M, Hasty AH. Paying the Iron Price: Liver Iron Homeostasis and Metabolic Disease. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3641-3663. [PMID: 35766833 PMCID: PMC10155403 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential metal element whose bioavailability is tightly regulated. Under normal conditions, systemic and cellular iron homeostases are synchronized for optimal function, based on the needs of each system. During metabolic dysfunction, this synchrony is lost, and markers of systemic iron homeostasis are no longer coupled to the iron status of key metabolic organs such as the liver and adipose tissue. The effects of dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome in the liver have been tied to hepatic insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. While the existence of a relationship between iron dysregulation and metabolic dysfunction has long been acknowledged, identifying correlative relationships is complicated by the prognostic reliance on systemic measures of iron homeostasis. What is lacking and perhaps more informative is an understanding of how cellular iron homeostasis changes with metabolic dysfunction. This article explores bidirectional relationships between different proteins involved in iron homeostasis and metabolic dysfunction in the liver. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3641-3663, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Ameka
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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22
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Naeem M, Schipf S, Bülow R, Werner N, Dörr M, Lerch MM, Kühn JP, Rathmann W, Nauck M, Paulista Markus MR, Targher G, Ittermann T, Völzke H. Association between hepatic iron overload assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and glucose intolerance states in the general population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1470-1476. [PMID: 35282980 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM While there is evidence that iron overload disorders are associated with type 2 diabetes, the relationship between hepatic iron overload and prediabetes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between hepatic iron overload, as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and different glucose intolerance states in the population-based Study. METHODS AND RESULTS We included data from 1622 individuals with MRI data, who did not have known type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Using an oral glucose tolerance testing, participants were classified as having isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT), combined IFG and IGT (IFG + IGT) or previously unknown T2DM. Hepatic iron and fat contents were assessed through quantitative MRI. We undertook linear and multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders and MRI-assessed hepatic fat content to examine the association of hepatic iron overload with different glucose intolerance states or continuous markers of glucose metabolism. MRI-assessed hepatic iron overload was positively associated only with both 2-h plasma glucose (β = 0.32; 95%CI 0.04-0.60) and the combined IFG + IGT category (relative risk ratio = 1.87; 95%CI 1.15-3.06). No significant associations were found between hepatic iron overload and other glucose intolerance states or biomarkers of glucose metabolism, independently of potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS MRI-assessed hepatic iron overload was associated with higher 2-h glucose concentrations and the combined IFG + IGT category, but not with other glucose intolerance states. Our findings suggest a weak adverse impact of hepatic iron overload on glucose metabolism, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, 18800, Pakistan.
| | - Sabine Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicole Werner
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Intensive Care, Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jens-Peter Kühn
- Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Carl Gustav Carus University, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Intensive Care, Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany
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23
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The Potential Mechanisms by which Artemisinin and Its Derivatives Induce Ferroptosis in the Treatment of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1458143. [PMID: 35028002 PMCID: PMC8752222 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1458143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin (ART) is a bioactive molecule derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua (Asteraceae). ART and artemisinin derivatives (ARTs) have been effectively used for antimalaria treatment. The structure of ART is composed of a sesquiterpene lactone, including a peroxide internal bridge that is essential for its activity. In addition to their well-known antimalarial effects, ARTs have been shown recently to resist a wide range of tumors. The antineoplastic mechanisms of ART mainly include cell cycle inhibition, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, DNA damage, and ferroptosis. In particular, ferroptosis is a novel nonapoptotic type of programmed cell death. However, the antitumor mechanisms of ARTs by regulating ferroptosis remain unclear. Through this review, we focus on the potential antitumor function of ARTs by acting on ferroptosis, including the regulation of iron metabolism, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). This article systematically reviews the recent progress in ferroptosis research and provides a basis for ARTs as an anticancer drug in clinical practice.
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Zhang S, Xin W, Anderson GJ, Li R, Gao L, Chen S, Zhao J, Liu S. Double-edge sword roles of iron in driving energy production versus instigating ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:40. [PMID: 35013137 PMCID: PMC8748693 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron is vital for many physiological functions, including energy production, and dysregulated iron homeostasis underlies a number of pathologies. Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death that is characterized by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation, and this process has been reported to be involved in multiple diseases. The mechanisms underlying ferroptosis are complex, and involve both well-described pathways (including the iron-induced Fenton reaction, impaired antioxidant capacity, and mitochondrial dysfunction) and novel interactions linked to cellular energy production. In this review, we examine the contribution of iron to diverse metabolic activities and their relationship to ferroptosis. There is an emphasis on the role of iron in driving energy production and its link to ferroptosis under both physiological and pathological conditions. In conclusion, excess reactive oxygen species production driven by disordered iron metabolism, which induces Fenton reaction and/or impairs mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, is a key inducer of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Wei Xin
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Gregory J Anderson
- Iron Metabolism Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Ruibin Li
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China
| | - Shuguang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, China.
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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25
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Wang Z, Fang S, Ding S, Tan Q, Zhang X. Research Progress on Relationship Between Iron Overload and Lower Limb Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2259-2264. [PMID: 35936055 PMCID: PMC9347475 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s366729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is one of the most important trace elements in life activities. It participates in a variety of important physiological processes in the body through oxidation-reduction reaction. A large number of studies show that iron overload (IO) is closely related to the progression of diabetes and its various chronic complications. However, the mechanism of iron overload in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the mechanism of iron overload in atherosclerosis (AS) are still controversial, and the relationship between iron overload and diabetic lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) remains still unclear. Some recent reviews and original research articles suggest further studies to explain the complex relationship between iron metabolism and atherosclerosis. This article reviews the relationship between iron overload and diabetes and its relationship with LEAD, and discusses its mechanisms from various aspects, such as lipid peroxidation induced by iron overload, so as to provide clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas for diabetic lower extremity arterial disease. It is hoped that early evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of LEAD will be inspired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuyan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xuyan Zhang, Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 26 of Shengli Street, Jiang’an District, Wuhan, 430014, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 027 6569 6337, Fax +86 027 8276 1417, Email
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26
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Fischer C, Volani C, Komlódi T, Seifert M, Demetz E, Valente de Souza L, Auer K, Petzer V, von Raffay L, Moser P, Gnaiger E, Weiss G. Dietary Iron Overload and Hfe-/- Related Hemochromatosis Alter Hepatic Mitochondrial Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111818. [PMID: 34829689 PMCID: PMC8615072 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential co-factor for many cellular metabolic processes, and mitochondria are main sites of utilization. Iron accumulation promotes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the catalytic activity of iron species. Herein, we investigated the consequences of dietary and genetic iron overload on mitochondrial function. C57BL/6N wildtype and Hfe-/- mice, the latter a genetic hemochromatosis model, received either normal diet (ND) or high iron diet (HI) for two weeks. Liver mitochondrial respiration was measured using high-resolution respirometry along with analysis of expression of specific proteins and ROS production. HI promoted tissue iron accumulation and slightly affected mitochondrial function in wildtype mice. Hepatic mitochondrial function was impaired in Hfe-/- mice on ND and HI. Compared to wildtype mice, Hfe-/- mice on ND showed increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Hfe-/- mice on HI showed very high liver iron levels, decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and increased ROS production associated with reduced mitochondrial aconitase activity. Although Hfe-/- resulted in increased mitochondrial iron loading, the concentration of metabolically reactive cytoplasmic iron and mitochondrial density remained unchanged. Our data show multiple effects of dietary and genetic iron loading on mitochondrial function and linked metabolic pathways, providing an explanation for fatigue in iron-overloaded hemochromatosis patients, and suggests iron reduction therapy for improvement of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Chiara Volani
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Timea Komlódi
- Oroboros Instruments, Schöpfstrasse 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Lara Valente de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kristina Auer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Verena Petzer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Laura von Raffay
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Patrizia Moser
- Department of Pathology, Innsbruck University Hospital, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments, Schöpfstrasse 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)512/504-23251
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27
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Luís C, Baylina P, Soares R, Fernandes R. Metabolic Dysfunction Biomarkers as Predictors of Early Diabetes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1589. [PMID: 34827587 PMCID: PMC8615896 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
During the pathophysiological course of type 2 diabetes (T2D), several metabolic imbalances occur. There is increasing evidence that metabolic dysfunction far precedes clinical manifestations. Thus, knowing and understanding metabolic imbalances is crucial to unraveling new strategies and molecules (biomarkers) for the early-stage prediction of the disease's non-clinical phase. Lifestyle interventions must be made with considerable involvement of clinicians, and it should be considered that not all patients will respond in the same manner. Individuals with a high risk of diabetic progression will present compensatory metabolic mechanisms, translated into metabolic biomarkers that will therefore show potential predictive value to differentiate between progressors/non-progressors in T2D. Specific novel biomarkers are being proposed to entrap prediabetes and target progressors to achieve better outcomes. This study provides a review of the latest relevant biomarkers in prediabetes. A search for articles published between 2011 and 2021 was conducted; duplicates were removed, and inclusion criteria were applied. From the 29 studies considered, a survey of the most cited (relevant) biomarkers was conducted and further discussed in the two main identified fields: metabolomics, and miRNA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Luís
- FMUP–Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- LABMI-PORTIC, Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Research, Technology and Innovation Center, Porto Polytechnic, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Pilar Baylina
- LABMI-PORTIC, Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Research, Technology and Innovation Center, Porto Polytechnic, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal;
- IPP–Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- FMUP–Departamento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al Prof Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- LABMI-PORTIC, Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Research, Technology and Innovation Center, Porto Polytechnic, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal;
- IPP–Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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28
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Dietary iron intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and older adults in urban China: a prospective cohort study. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1091-1099. [PMID: 33308344 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520005048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The association between dietary Fe intake and diabetes risk remains inconsistent. We aimed to explore the association between dietary Fe intake and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in middle-aged and older adults in urban China. This study used data from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study, an on-going community-based prospective cohort study. Participants were recruited from 2008 to 2013 in Guangzhou community. A total of 2696 participants aged 40-75 years without T2DM at baseline were included in data analyses, with a median of 5·6 (interquartile range 4·1-5·9) years of follow-up. T2DM was identified by self-reported diagnosis, fasting glucose ≥ 7·0 mmol/l or glycosylated Hb ≥ 6·5 %. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI. We ascertained 205 incident T2DM cases during 13 476 person-years. The adjusted HR for T2DM risk in the fourth quartile of haem Fe intake was 1·92 (95 % CI 1·07, 3·46; Ptrend = 0·010), compared with the first quartile intake. These significant associations were found in haem Fe intake from total meat (HR 2·74; 95 % CI 1·22, 6·15; Ptrend = 0·011) and haem Fe intake from red meat (HR 1·86; 95 % CI 1·01, 3·44; Ptrend = 0·034), but not haem Fe intake from processed meat, poultry or fish/shellfish. The association between dietary intake of total Fe or non-haem Fe with T2DM risk had no significance. Our findings suggested that higher dietary intake of haem Fe (especially from red meat), but not total Fe or non-haem Fe, was associated with greater T2DM risk in middle-aged and older adults.
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29
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Huang Y, Cao D, Chen Z, Chen B, Li J, Wang R, Guo J, Dong Q, Liu C, Wei Q, Liu L. Iron intake and multiple health outcomes: Umbrella review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2910-2927. [PMID: 34583608 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1982861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element, while excess iron can lead to different levels of physical abnormalities or diseases. This umbrella review aimed to conduct a systematic evaluation of the possible relationships between iron intake and various health outcomes. We retrieved PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception through May 2021. A total of 34 meta-analyses with 46 unique health outcomes were identified. Heme iron intake was positively associated with nine outcomes, including colorectal cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease mortality, while dietary total iron intake could decrease the risk of colorectal adenoma, esophageal cancer, coronary heart disease, and depression. Iron supplementation was a protective factor against eight outcomes. However, it was associated with decreased length and weight gain. The quality of evidence for most outcomes was "low" or "very low" with the remaining eleven as "high" or "moderate". All outcomes were categorized as class III, IV, or NS based on evidence classification. Although high iron intake has been identified to be significantly associated with a range of outcomes, firm universal conclusions about its beneficial or negative effects cannot be drawn given the low quality of evidence for most outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Huang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbing Guo
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengfei Liu
- Department of Urologic Surgery, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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30
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Zhang Y, Tian X, Jiao Y, Liu Q, Li R, Wang W. An out of box thinking: the changes of iron-porphyrin during meat processing and gastrointestinal tract and some methods for reducing its potential health hazard. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1390-1405. [PMID: 34387535 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1963946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron-porphyrin is a very important substance in organisms, especially in animals. It is not only the source of iron in human body, but is also the catalytic center of many reactions. Previous studies suggested that adequate intake of iron was important for the health of human, especially for children and pregnant women. However, associated diseases caused by iron over-intake and excessive meat consumption suggested its potential harmfulness for human health. During meat processing, Iron-porphyrin will cause the oxidation of proteins and fatty acids. In the gastrointestinal tract, iron-porphyrin can induce the production of malondialdehyde, fats oxidation, and indirectly cause oxidation of amino acids and nitrates etc. Iron-porphyrin enters the intestinal tract and disturbs the balance of intestinal flora. Finally, some common measures for inhibiting its activity are introduced, including the use of chelating agent, antioxidants, competitive inhibitor, etc., as well as give the hypothesis that sodium chloride increases the catalytic activity of iron-porphyrin. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of current knowledge about the changes of iron-porphyrin in the whole technico- and gastrointesto- processing axis and to provide ideas for further research in meat nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiubo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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31
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Sha W, Hu F, Xi Y, Chu Y, Bu S. Mechanism of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:9999612. [PMID: 34258295 PMCID: PMC8257355 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9999612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of nonapoptotic regulated cell death (RCD). It features iron-dependent lipid peroxide accumulation accompanied by inadequate redox enzymes, especially glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). RAS-selective lethal 3 (RSL3), erastin, and ferroptosis inducing 56 (FIN56) induce ferroptosis via different manners targeting GPX4 function. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family 4 (ACSL4), lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3), and lipoxygenases (LOXs) participate in the production of lipid peroxides. Heat shock protein family B member 1 (HSPB1) and nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) regulate iron homeostasis preventing ferroptosis caused by the high concentration of intracellular iron. Ferroptosis is ubiquitous in our body as it exists in both physiologic and pathogenic processes. It is involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) impairment and arsenic-induced pancreatic damage in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Moreover, iron and the iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster influence each other, causing mitochondrial iron accumulation, more reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, failure in biosynthesis of insulin, and ferroptosis in β-cells. In addition, ferroptosis also engages in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as myocardial ischemia and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). In this review, we summarize the mechanism of ferroptosis and especially its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Sha
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi 315300, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yudong Chu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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32
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Abbasi U, Abbina S, Gill A, Takuechi LE, Kizhakkedathu JN. Role of Iron in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Diseases and Therapeutic Opportunities. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:945-972. [PMID: 34102834 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential mineral that serves as a prosthetic group for a variety of proteins involved in vital cellular processes. The iron economy within humans is highly conserved in that there is no proper iron excretion pathway. Therefore, iron homeostasis is highly evolved to coordinate iron acquisition, storage, transport, and recycling efficiently. A disturbance in this state can result in excess iron burden in which an ensuing iron-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species imparts widespread oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA. On the contrary, problems in iron deficiency either due to genetic or nutritional causes can lead to a number of iron deficiency disorders. Iron chelation strategies have been in the works since the early 1900s, and they still remain the most viable therapeutic approach to mitigate the toxic side effects of excess iron. Intense investigations on improving the efficacy of chelation strategies while being well tolerated and accepted by patients have been a particular focus for many researchers over the past 30 years. Moreover, recent advances in our understanding on the role of iron in the pathogenesis of different diseases (both in iron overload and iron deficiency conditions) motivate the need to develop new therapeutics. We summarized recent investigations into the role of iron in health and disease conditions, iron chelation, and iron delivery strategies. Information regarding small molecule as well as macromolecular approaches and how they are employed within different disease pathogenesis such as primary and secondary iron overload diseases, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and in iron deficiency is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Abbasi
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z7
| | - Srinivas Abbina
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z7
| | - Arshdeep Gill
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Lily E. Takuechi
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z7
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z7
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
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33
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Erbağcı MO, Tuna G, Köse S, Dal-Bekar NE, Akış M, Kant M, Altunyurt S, İşlekel GH. Association between early oxidative DNA damage and iron status in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:171-180. [PMID: 34051274 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the relationship between oxidative DNA damage and iron status in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to those with normal glucose tolerance in the first and the second trimesters of pregnancy. Maternal serum and urine samples were collected in the 11th-14th weeks and the 24th-28th weeks of gestation. In addition to oral glucose tolerance test in the second trimester, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, ferritin and hemoglobin levels were measured in blood samples. Urinary levels of oxidative DNA damage products 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) and 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosines (S-cdA, R-cdA) were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with isotope-dilution. In the first trimester, urinary 8-OH-dG levels were found higher in the GDM group (n = 33) than in the control group (n = 84) (p = 0.006). R-cdA and S-cdA levels were not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.794 and p = 0.792 respectively). When the cases were stratified according to their first trimester ferritin levels, women with ≥50th centile (≥130 ng/mL) demonstrated higher levels of 8-OH-dG and R-cdA than those under <50th centile (p = 0.034, p = 0.009). In the GDM group, there was a positive correlation between the second trimester 8-OH-dG and ferritin and 1st-hour glucose levels (p = 0.014, p = 0.020). This is the first study where oxidative DNA damage is evaluated in both early and late periods of pregnancy. Our findings reveal an association between GDM and iron status and oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Oğuz Erbağcı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sanliurfa Suruc State Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tuna
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Semir Köse
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Ecem Dal-Bekar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Merve Akış
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Melis Kant
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Altunyurt
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gül Hüray İşlekel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs): an overview toward clinical applications. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228121. [PMID: 33739396 PMCID: PMC8026821 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) can regulate the catalytic activity of pyruvate decarboxylation oxidation via the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and it further links glycolysis with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and ATP generation. This review seeks to elucidate the regulation of PDK activity in different species, mainly mammals, and the role of PDK inhibitors in preventing increased blood glucose, reducing injury caused by myocardial ischemia, and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. Regulations of PDKs expression or activity represent a very promising approach for treatment of metabolic diseases including diabetes, heart failure, and cancer. The future research and development could be more focused on the biochemical understanding of the diseases, which would help understand the cellular energy metabolism and its regulation by pharmacological effectors of PDKs.
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Mattila M, Hakola L, Niinistö S, Tapanainen H, Takkinen HM, Ahonen S, Ilonen J, Toppari J, Veijola R, Knip M, Virtanen SM. Maternal Vitamin C and Iron Intake during Pregnancy and the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Birth Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030928. [PMID: 33805588 PMCID: PMC8001228 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to study the associations between maternal vitamin C and iron intake during pregnancy and the offspring’s risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. The study was a part of the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) prospective birth cohort including children genetically at risk of type 1 diabetes born between 1997–2004. The diets of 4879 mothers in late pregnancy were assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. The outcomes were islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis adjusted for energy, family history of diabetes, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype and sex was used for statistical analyses. Total intake of vitamin C or iron from food and supplements was not associated with the risk of islet autoimmunity (vitamin C: HR 0.91: 95% CI (0.80, 1.03), iron: 0.98 (0.87, 1.10)) or type 1 diabetes (vitamin C: 1.01 (0.87, 1.17), iron: 0.92 (0.78, 1.08)), neither was the use of vitamin C or iron supplements associated with the outcomes. In conclusion, no association was found between maternal vitamin C or iron intake during pregnancy and the risk of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Mattila
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (L.H.); (H.-M.T.); (S.A.); (S.M.V.)
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Leena Hakola
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (L.H.); (H.-M.T.); (S.A.); (S.M.V.)
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Sari Niinistö
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Heli Tapanainen
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Hanna-Mari Takkinen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (L.H.); (H.-M.T.); (S.A.); (S.M.V.)
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Suvi Ahonen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (L.H.); (H.-M.T.); (S.A.); (S.M.V.)
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 10, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Pediatric Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland;
- Folkhälsan Research Center, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Suvi M. Virtanen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (L.H.); (H.-M.T.); (S.A.); (S.M.V.)
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Health and Well-Being Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland;
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
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Hepcidin gene silencing ameliorated inflammation and insulin resistance in adipose tissue of db/db mice via inhibiting METs formation. Mol Immunol 2021; 133:110-121. [PMID: 33640761 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As a major feature of diabetes, inflammation is closely related to macrophage extracellular traps and the expression of hepcidin upregulated by diabetes is reportedly involved in chronic inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether hepcidin could be implicated in inflammation and macrophage extracellular traps (METs) formation. The diabetic db/db mouse model was established exhibiting insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, macrophages infiltration and higher expression of hepcidin, where samples were obtained from epididymal adipose tissue. We observed that inflammation and IR improved in adipose tissue of mice treated with hepcidin gene silencing. Furthermore, METs formation could be markedly inhibited via hepcidin gene silencing followed by attenuated inflammatory response due to METs, indicating hepcidin gene silencing played a key role in anti-inflammation by inhibiting METs formation. So, we concluded that hepcidin gene silencing has a potential for treatment of diabetes due to its ability to ameliorate inflammation via inhibiting METs formation.
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Dahyaleh K, Sung HK, Prioriello M, Rengasamy P, Lam NH, Kim JB, Gross S, Sweeney G. Iron overload reduces adiponectin receptor expression via a ROS/FOXO1-dependent mechanism leading to adiponectin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5339-5351. [PMID: 33432609 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload (IO) is a common yet underappreciated finding in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. With the prevalence of MetS continuing to rise, it is imperative to further elucidate cellular mechanisms leading to metabolic dysfunction. Adiponectin has many beneficial effects and is a therapeutic target for the treatment of MetS and cardiovascular diseases. IO positively correlates with reduced circulating adiponectin levels yet the impact of IO on adiponectin action is unknown. Here, we established a model of IO in L6 skeletal muscle cells and found that IO-induced adiponectin resistance. This was shown via reduced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in response to the small molecule adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) agonist, AdipoRon, in presence of IO. This correlated with reduced messenger RNA and protein levels of AdipoR1 and its facilitative signaling binding partner, APPL1. IO caused phosphorylation, nuclear extrusion, and thus inhibition of FOXO1, a known transcription factor regulating AdipoR1 expression. The antioxidant N-acetyl cystine attenuated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by IO, and blunted its effect on FOXO1 phosphorylation and removal from the nucleus, as well as subsequent adiponectin resistance. In conclusion, our study identifies a ROS/FOXO1/AdipoR1 axis as a cause of skeletal muscle adiponectin resistance in response to IO. This new knowledge provides insight into a cellular mechanism with potential relevance to disease pathophysiology in MetS patients with IO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye K Sung
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Nhat H Lam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jae B Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sean Gross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
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Mitochondrial Carriers Regulating Insulin Secretion Profiled in Human Islets upon Metabolic Stress. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111543. [PMID: 33198243 PMCID: PMC7697104 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of β-cells to nutrient-rich metabolic stress impairs mitochondrial metabolism and its coupling to insulin secretion. We exposed isolated human islets to different metabolic stresses for 3 days: 0.4 mM oleate or 0.4 mM palmitate at physiological 5.5 mM glucose (lipotoxicity), high 25 mM glucose (glucotoxicity), and high 25 mM glucose combined with 0.4 mM oleate and/or palmitate (glucolipotoxicity). Then, we profiled the mitochondrial carriers and associated genes with RNA-Seq. Diabetogenic conditions, and in particular glucotoxicity, increased expression of several mitochondrial solute carriers in human islets, such as the malate carrier DIC, the α-ketoglutarate-malate exchanger OGC, and the glutamate carrier GC1. Glucotoxicity also induced a general upregulation of the electron transport chain machinery, while palmitate largely counteracted this effect. Expression of different components of the TOM/TIM mitochondrial protein import system was increased by glucotoxicity, whereas glucolipotoxicity strongly upregulated its receptor subunit TOM70. Expression of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter MCU was essentially preserved by metabolic stresses. However, glucotoxicity altered expression of regulatory elements of calcium influx as well as the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger NCLX, which mediates calcium efflux. Overall, the expression profile of mitochondrial carriers and associated genes was modified by the different metabolic stresses exhibiting nutrient-specific signatures.
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Wang Y, Yang Z, Wu J, Xie D, Yang T, Li H, Xiong Y. Associations of serum iron and ferritin with hyperuricemia and serum uric acid. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:3777-3785. [PMID: 32458239 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the serum iron and ferritin levels in relation to the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HU) and the serum uric acid (SUA) level. METHODS Serum iron and ferritin concentrations were detected by Ferene method and chemiluminescence method, respectively. SUA level was detected by uricase-PAP method. HU was defined as SUA ≥ 416 μmol/L for male and ≥ 357 μmol/L for female. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions were constructed to investigate the associations between serum iron/ferritin levels and prevalence of HU. Pearson correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression were performed to examine the correlations between serum iron/ferritin levels and SUA level. RESULTS A total of 2824 subjects (mean age 52.2 ± 7.2) were included. The overall prevalence of HU was 17.3%. Compared with the lowest quartile, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of HU were 1.33 (95%CI 0.97-1.82), 1.17 (95%CI 0.85-1.60), and 1.56 (95%CI 1.14-2.13) in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of serum iron, respectively (P for trend = 0.012), and were 1.29 (95%CI 0.89-1.88) in the second, 2.13 (95%CI 1.47-3.07) in the third, and 2.25 (95%CI 1.54-3.29) in the fourth quartile of serum ferritin (P for trend < 0.001). Pearson correlation coefficient indicated a weak positive correlation between serum iron (r = 0.2, P < 0.001) and ferritin (r = 0.3, P < 0.001) levels and SUA. Such positive correlations were further confirmed by multiple linear regression (serum iron: standardized β = 0.059, P < 0.001; serum ferritin: standardized β = 0.061, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both serum iron and ferritin showed a positive correlation with the prevalence of HU, and a weak positive correlation with SUA level. Key Points • Subjects with higher levels of serum iron or ferritin had higher prevalence of HU. • There was a weak positive correlation between serum iron/ferritin levels and SUA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yilin Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Hepcidin and Erythroferrone Correlate with Hepatic Iron Transporters in Rats Supplemented with Multispecies Probiotics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071674. [PMID: 32260496 PMCID: PMC7180848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of probiotic supplementation on iron metabolism remains poorly investigated. However, a range of studies, especially on Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp229v), have indicated a possible positive impact of probiotics on iron absorption. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of multistrain probiotic supply on iron balance. Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups: placebo (KK group), and multistrain probiotic per os in a daily dose of 2.5 × 109 colony forming units (CFU) (PA group) or 1 × 1010 CFU (PB group). Multistrain probiotic consisted of nine bacterial strains: Bifidobacterium bifidum W23, B. lactis W51, B. lactis W52, Lactobacillus acidophilus W37, L. brevis W63, L. casei W56, L. salivarius W24, Lactococcus lactis W19, and Lc. lactis W58, in equal proportions. After six weeks, blood and organ samples were collected. No differences were found between the three groups in terms of serum concentrations of hepcidin (HEPC), lactoferrin (LTF), homocysteine (HCY), ferritin (Ft), or erythroferrone (ErFe), or in liver content of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), transferrin receptors 1 and 2 (TfR), or ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 (ZIP14) proteins. In the overall sample, positive correlations were noted between the serum concentrations of hepcidin and lactoferrin, and hepcidin and ferritin; serum concentration of hepcidin and DMT1 and TfR1 in the liver; and serum concentration of erythroferrone and TfR2 in the liver. The correlations of serum hepcidin and erythroferrone with liver DMT1 and TfR represent significant mechanisms of Fe homeostasis. Our study has shown that multistrain probiotic supplementation used in the experiment did not disrupt the biochemical and hepatic regulatory processes of Fe balance and did not demonstrate significant influence on selected parameters of Fe metabolism.
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Chen GQ, Benthani FA, Wu J, Liang D, Bian ZX, Jiang X. Artemisinin compounds sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis by regulating iron homeostasis. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:242-254. [PMID: 31114026 PMCID: PMC7205875 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The antimalarial drug artemisinin and its derivatives have been explored as potential anticancer agents, but their underlying mechanisms are controversial. In this study, we found that artemisinin compounds can sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis, a new form of programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Mechanistically, dihydroartemisinin (DAT) can induce lysosomal degradation of ferritin in an autophagy-independent manner, increasing the cellular free iron level and causing cells to become more sensitive to ferroptosis. Further, by associating with cellular free iron and thus stimulating the binding of iron-regulatory proteins (IRPs) with mRNA molecules containing iron-responsive element (IRE) sequences, DAT impinges on IRP/IRE-controlled iron homeostasis to further increase cellular free iron. Importantly, in both in vitro and a mouse xenograft model in which ferroptosis was triggered in cancer cells by the inducible knockout of GPX4, we found that DAT can augment GPX4 inhibition-induced ferroptosis in a cohort of cancer cells that are otherwise highly resistant to ferroptosis. Collectively, artemisinin compounds can sensitize cells to ferroptosis by regulating cellular iron homeostasis. Our findings can be exploited clinically to enhance the effect of future ferroptosis-inducing cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Fahad A Benthani
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jiao Wu
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, 10065, USA
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Deguang Liang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, 10065, USA.
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Skrypnik K, Bogdański P, Schmidt M, Suliburska J. The Effect of Multispecies Probiotic Supplementation on Iron Status in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 192:234-243. [PMID: 30746586 PMCID: PMC6820595 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-1658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A range of interactions between gut microbiota and iron (Fe) metabolism is described. Oral probiotics ameliorate host's iron status. However, this has been proven for single-strain probiotic supplements. Dose-dependence of beneficial probiotic supplementation effect on iron turnover remains unexplored. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of oral multispecies probiotic supplementation in two doses on iron status in rats. Thirty rats were randomized into three groups receiving multispecies probiotic supplement at a daily dose of 2.5 × 109 CFU (PA group, n = 10) and 1 × 1010 CFU (PB group, n = 10) or placebo (KK group, n = 10). After 6 weeks, rats were sacrificed for analysis, blood samples, and organs (the liver, heart, kidneys, spleen, pancreas, femur, testicles, duodenum, and hair) were collected. The total fecal bacteria content was higher in the PB group vs. PA group. Unsaturated iron-binding capacity was higher in the PB group vs. KK group. Serum Fe was lower in both PA and PB vs. KK group. Iron content in the liver was higher in the PB group vs. KK group; in the pancreas, this was higher in the PB group vs. the KK and PA group, and in the duodenum, it was higher in both supplemented groups vs. the KK group. A range of alterations in zinc and copper status and correlations between analyzed parameters were found. Oral multispecies probiotic supplementation exerts dose-independent and beneficial effect on iron bioavailability and duodenal iron absorption in the rat model, induces a dose-independent iron shift from serum and intensifies dose-dependent pancreatic and liver iron uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Schmidt
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 48, Poznan, 60-627, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
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Jiang L, Wang K, Lo K, Zhong Y, Yang A, Fang X, Akezhuoli H, Song Z, Chen L, An P, Xu M, Min J, Wang F. Sex-Specific Association of Circulating Ferritin Level and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4539-4551. [PMID: 31074789 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although the role of iron in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has long been a concern, prospective studies directly linking body iron stores to T2D risk in a sex-dependent context have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE A systematic meta-analysis was conducted to explore the sex-specific association of circulating ferritin with T2D risk. DATA SOURCES We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases to identify available prospective studies through 1 August 2018. RESULTS Fifteen prospective studies comprising 77,352 participants and 18,404 patients with T2D, aged 20 to 80 years, and with ∼3 to 17 years of follow-up were identified. For each 100-μg/L increment in ferritin levels of overall participants, T2D risk increased by 22% (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.31). Of note, major heterogeneities by sex were identified, with increased ferritin level having an apparently greater effect on T2D risk in women (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.82) than in men (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.27) after exclusion of a study with high heterogeneity (41,512 men and 6974 women for sex-specific analyses; P = 0.020 for sex difference). Further nonlinear analysis between circulating ferritin and T2D risk also showed sex-dimorphic association in that the T2D risk of women was twice as strong in magnitude as that of men at the same ferritin level. CONCLUSIONS Greater circulating ferritin levels were independently associated with increased T2D risk, which appeared stronger among women than men. Our findings provide prospective evidence for further testing of the utility of ferritin levels in predicting T2D risk in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kenneth Lo
- Departments of Cardiology and Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Yueyang Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xuexian Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailati Akezhuoli
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijun Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng An
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqing Xu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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44
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Yang Z, Wu J, Li X, Xie D, Wang Y, Yang T. Association between dietary iron intake and the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17613. [PMID: 31651873 PMCID: PMC6824640 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to test the association between dietary iron intake and the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a large sample of middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.The data included in this analysis were collected from a population-based cross-sectional study, that is, the Xiangya Hospital Health Management Center Study. Dietary iron intake was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The relationship between dietary iron intake and the prevalence of NAFLD was examined using logistic and spline regressions.A cross-sectional study including 5445 subjects was conducted. The prevalence of NAFLD was 36.9%. Compared with the lowest quintile, the energy-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of NAFLD were 1.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.64), 1.80 (95% CI: 1.41-2.29) and 2.11 (95% CI: 1.60-2.80) in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintile of iron intake, respectively (P-value for trend <.001). In addition, dietary iron intake was positively associated with the OR of NAFLD in a dose-response relationship manner (test for trend P < .001). However, after stratifying the data by gender, such association only remained in the male, but not in the female population. With adjustment of additional potential confounders, the results did not change materially.Subjects with higher dietary iron intake were subject to a higher prevalence of NAFLD in a dose-response relationship manner. However, such association probably only exists in males, but not in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tubao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
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45
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Kumar V, A AK, Sanawar R, Jaleel A, Santhosh Kumar TR, Kartha CC. Chronic Pressure Overload Results in Deficiency of Mitochondrial Membrane Transporter ABCB7 Which Contributes to Iron Overload, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Metabolic Shift and Worsens Cardiac Function. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13170. [PMID: 31511561 PMCID: PMC6739357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the hitherto unexplored role of mitochondrial transporters and iron metabolism in advancing metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction in the heart during long term pressure overload. We also investigated the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and fluctuation in mitochondrial transporters associated with pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was induced in 3-month-old male Wistar rats by constriction of the aorta using titanium clips. After sacrifice at the end of 6 and 15 months after constriction, tissues from the left ventricle (LV) from all animals were collected for histology, biochemical studies, proteomic and metabolic profiling, and gene and protein expression studies. LV tissues from rats with LVH had a significant decrease in the expression of ABCB7 and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mt-OXPHOS) enzymes, an increased level of lipid metabolites, decrease in the level of intermediate metabolites of pentose phosphate pathway and elevated levels of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial iron, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy-related proteins. Knockdown of ABCB7 in H9C2 cells and stimulation with angiotensin II resulted in increased ROS levels, ferritin, and transferrin receptor expression and iron overload in both mitochondria and cytoplasm. A decrease in mRNA and protein levels of mt-OXPHOS specific enzymes, mt-dynamics and autophagy clearance and activation of IGF-1 signaling were also seen in these cells. ABCB7 overexpression rescued all these changes. ABCB7 was found to interact with mitochondrial complexes IV and V. We conclude that in chronic pressure overload, ABCB7 deficiency results in iron overload and mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India.,Graduate studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Aneesh Kumar A
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India.,Graduate studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul Sanawar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India.,Graduate studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Jaleel
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India.,Graduate studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - T R Santhosh Kumar
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India. .,Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India. .,Graduate studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - C C Kartha
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
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46
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Ma W, Feng Y, Jia L, Li S, Li J, Wang Z, Chen X, Du H. Dietary Iron Modulates Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis in Diabetic Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:194-200. [PMID: 30027366 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Imbalance of iron homeostasis has been involved in clinical courses of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver, through mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the effect of dietary iron on the development of diabetic syndromes in genetically obese db/db mice. Mice (aged 7 weeks) were fed with high-iron (HI) diets (1000 mg/kg chow) or low-iron (LI) diets (12 mg/kg) for 9 weeks. HI diets increased hepatic iron threefold and led to fourfold higher mRNA levels of hepcidin. HI also induced a 60% increase in fasting glucose due to insulin resistance, as confirmed by decreased hepatic glycogen deposition eightfold and a 21% decrease of serum adiponectin level. HI-fed mice had lower visceral adipose tissue mass estimated by epididymal and inguinal fat pad, associated with iron accumulation and smaller size of adipocytes. Gene expression analysis of liver showed that HI diet upregulated gluconeogenesis and downregulated lipogenesis. These results suggested that excess dietary iron leads to reduced mass, increased fasting glucose, decreased adiponectin level, and enhancement of insulin resistance, which indicated a multifactorial role of excess iron in the development of diabetes in the setting of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huahua Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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47
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Liang C, Mickey MC, Receno CN, Atalay M, DeRuisseau KC. Functional and biochemical responses of skeletal muscle following a moderate degree of systemic iron loading in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:799-809. [PMID: 30653415 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00237.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive iron loading may cause skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness because of its free radical generating properties. To determine whether a clinically relevant degree of iron loading impairs skeletal muscle function, young male mice received injections of iron dextran (4 mg iron/200 µl) or 2 mM d-glucose (control) 5 days/week for 2 weeks ( n = 10/group). Systemic iron loading induced an approximate fourfold increase in the skeletal muscle nonheme iron concentration. Soleus specific tension (1, 30-250 Hz) was lower among iron-loaded animals compared with controls despite similar body mass and muscle mass. Soleus lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynonenal adducts) and protein oxidation (protein carbonyls) levels were similar between groups. In gastrocnemius muscle, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase activity were similar but glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and the GSSG/GSH ratio were greater in iron-loaded muscle. A greater protein expression level of endogenous thiol antioxidant thioredoxin (TRX) was observed among iron-loaded muscle whereas its endogenous inhibitor thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNip) and the TRX/TXNip ratio were similar. Glutaredoxin2, a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activated by GSSG-induced destabilization of its iron-sulfur [2Fe-2S] cluster, was lower following iron loading. Additionally, protein levels of α-actinin and αII-spectrin at 240 kDa were lower in the iron-loaded group. Ryanodine receptor stabilizing subunit calstabin1 was also lower following iron loading. In summary, the contractile dysfunction that resulted from moderate iron loading may be mediated by a disturbance in the muscle redox balance and from changes arising from an increased proteolytic response and aberrant sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although severe iron loading is known to cause muscle oxidative stress and dysfunction, the effects of a moderate degree of systemic iron loading on muscle contractile function and biochemical responses remain unclear. This study demonstrates that a pathophysiological elevation in the skeletal muscle iron load leads to force deficits that coincide with impaired redox status, structural integrity, and lower ryanodine receptor-associated calstabin1 in the absence of muscle mass changes or oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Marisa C Mickey
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Candace N Receno
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Keith C DeRuisseau
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
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48
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Volani C, Paglia G, Smarason SV, Pramstaller PP, Demetz E, Pfeifhofer-Obermair C, Weiss G. Metabolic Signature of Dietary Iron Overload in a Mouse Model. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120264. [PMID: 30544931 PMCID: PMC6315421 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential co-factor for several metabolic processes, including the Krebs cycle and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, maintaining an appropriate iron balance is essential to ensure sufficient energy production and to avoid excessive reactive oxygen species formation. Iron overload impairs mitochondrial fitness; however, little is known about the associated metabolic changes. Here we aimed to characterize the metabolic signature triggered by dietary iron overload over time in a mouse model, where mice received either a standard or a high-iron diet. Metabolic profiling was assessed in blood, plasma and liver tissue. Peripheral blood was collected by means of volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS). Extracted blood and tissue metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography combined to high resolution mass spectrometry. Upon dietary iron loading we found increased glucose, aspartic acid and 2-/3-hydroxybutyric acid levels but low lactate and malate levels in peripheral blood and plasma, pointing to a re-programming of glucose homeostasis and the Krebs cycle. Further, iron loading resulted in the stimulation of the urea cycle in the liver. In addition, oxidative stress was enhanced in circulation and coincided with increased liver glutathione and systemic cysteine synthesis. Overall, iron supplementation affected several central metabolic circuits over time. Hence, in vivo investigation of metabolic signatures represents a novel and useful tool for getting deeper insights into iron-dependent regulatory circuits and for monitoring of patients with primary and secondary iron overload, and those ones receiving iron supplementation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Volani
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Paglia
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Sigurdur V Smarason
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Christa Pfeifhofer-Obermair
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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49
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Piperno A, Alessio M. Aceruloplasminemia: Waiting for an Efficient Therapy. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:903. [PMID: 30568573 PMCID: PMC6290325 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aceruloplasminemia is an ultra-rare hereditary disorder caused by defective production of ceruloplasmin. Its phenotype is characterized by iron-restricted erythropoiesis and tissue iron overload, diabetes, and progressive retinal and neurological degeneration. Ceruloplasmin is a ferroxidase that plays a critical role in iron homeostasis through the oxidation and mobilization of iron from stores and subsequent incorporation of ferric iron into transferrin (Tf), which becomes available for cellular uptake via the Tf receptor. In addition, ceruloplasmin has antioxidant properties preventing the production of deleterious reactive oxygen species via the Fenton reaction. Some recent findings suggest that aceruloplasminemia phenotypes can be more heterogeneous than previously believed, varying within a wide range. Within this large heterogeneity, microcytosis with or without anemia, low serum iron and high serum ferritin, and diabetes are the early hallmarks of the disease, while neurological manifestations appear 10-20 years later. The usual therapeutic approach is based on iron chelators that are efficacious in reducing systemic iron overload. However, they have demonstrated poor efficacy in counteracting the progression of neurologic manifestations, and also often aggravate anemia, thereby requiring drug discontinuation. Open questions remain regarding the mechanisms leading to neurological manifestation and development of diabetes, and iron chelation therapy (ICT) efficacy. Recent studies in animal models of aceruloplasminemia support the possibility of new therapeutic approaches by parenteral ceruloplasmin administration. In this review we describe the state of the art of aceruloplasminemia with particular attention on the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease and therapeutic approaches, both current and perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Piperno
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Medical Genetic Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Massimo Alessio
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS-Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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50
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Dziegala M, Kobak KA, Kasztura M, Bania J, Josiak K, Banasiak W, Ponikowski P, Jankowska EA. Iron Depletion Affects Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Genes of Non-Oxidative Metabolism, Pyruvate Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase, in Primary Human Cardiac Myocytes Cultured upon Mechanical Stretch. Cells 2018; 7:E175. [PMID: 30347796 PMCID: PMC6211046 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Oxidative energy metabolism is presumed to rely on the optimal iron supply. Primary human cardiac myocytes (HCM) exposed to different iron availability conditions during mechanical stretch are anticipated to demonstrate expression changes of genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways. (2) Methods: HCM were cultured for 48 h either in static conditions and upon mechanical stretch at the optimal versus reduced versus increased iron concentrations. We analyzed the expression of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and mitochondrial complexes I⁻V at the mRNA and protein levels. The concentration of l-lactate was assessed by means of lactate oxidase method-based kit. (3) Results: Reduced iron concentrations during mechanical work caused a decreased expression of complexes I⁻V (all p < 0.05). The expression of PKM2 and LDHA, as well as the medium concentration of l-lactate, was increased in these conditions (both p < 0.05). HCM exposed to the increased iron concentration during mechanical effort demonstrated a decreased expression of mitochondrial complexes (all p < 0.01); however, a decrement was smaller than in case of iron chelation (p < 0.05). The iron-enriched medium caused a decrease in expression of LDHA and did not influence the concentration of l-lactate. (4) Conclusions: During mechanical effort, the reduced iron availability enhances anaerobic glycolysis and extracellular lactate production, whilst decreasing mitochondrial aerobic pathway in HCM. Iron enrichment during mechanical effort may be protective in the context of intracellular protein machinery of non-oxidative metabolism with no effect on the extracellular lactate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Dziegala
- Laboratory for the Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil A Kobak
- Laboratory for the Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Kasztura
- Laboratory for the Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Bania
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Krystian Josiak
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Centre for Heart Diseases, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Centre for Heart Diseases, Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa A Jankowska
- Laboratory for the Applied Research on Cardiovascular System, Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
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