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Sartorius A, Johnson MF, Young S, Bennett M, Baiker K, Edwards P, Yon L. Trace metal accumulation through the environment and wildlife at two derelict lead mines in Wales. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34265. [PMID: 39082009 PMCID: PMC11284397 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Trace metal pollution is globally widespread, largely resulting from human activities. Due to the persistence and high toxicity of trace metals, these pollutants can have serious effects across ecosystems. However, few studies have directly assessed the presence and impact of trace metal pollution across ecosystems, specifically across multiple environmental sources and animal taxa. This study was designed to assess the environmental health impacts of trace metal pollution by assessing its extent and possible transfer into wildlife in the areas surrounding two abandoned metalliferous mine complexes in Wales in the UK. Water, sediment, and soil at the mine sites and in areas downstream had notably elevated concentrations of Pb, Zn, and, to a lesser extent, Cd and Cu, when compared to nearby control sites. These high trace metal concentrations were mirrored in the body burdens of aquatic invertebrates collected in the contaminated streams both at, and downstream of, the mines. Wood mice collected in contaminated areas appeared to be able to regulate their Zn and Cu tissue concentrations, but, when compared to wood mice from a nearby control site, they had significantly elevated concentrations of Cd and, particularly, Pb, detected in their kidney, liver, and bone samples. The Pb concentrations found in these tissues correlated strongly with local soil concentrations (kidney: ρ = 0.690; liver: ρ = 0.668, bone: ρ = 0.649), and were potentially indicative of Pb toxicity in between 10 % and 82 % of the rodents sampled at the mine sites and in areas downstream. The high trace metal concentrations found in the environment and in common prey species (invertebrates and rodents) indicates that trace metal pollution can have far-reaching, ecosystem-wide health impacts long after the polluting activity has ceased, and far beyond the originating site of the pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sartorius
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | | | - Scott Young
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Malcolm Bennett
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Kerstin Baiker
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | | | - Lisa Yon
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
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2
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Castro AS, Cruz BDD, Correia DM, Lanceros-Méndez S, Martins PM. Sustainable Lignin-Reinforced Chitosan Membranes for Efficient Cr(VI) Water Remediation. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1766. [PMID: 39000622 PMCID: PMC11243881 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The pollution of aquatic environments is a growing problem linked to population growth and intense anthropogenic activities. Because of their potential impact on human health and the environment, special attention is paid to contaminants of emerging concern, namely heavy metals. Thus, this work proposes the use of naturally derived materials capable of adsorbing chromium (VI) (Cr(VI)), a contaminant known for its potential toxicity and carcinogenic effects, providing a sustainable alternative for water remediation. For this purpose, membranes based on chitosan (CS) and chitosan/Kraft lignin (CS/KL) with different percentages of lignin (0.01 and 0.05 g) were developed using the solvent casting technique. The introduction of lignin imparts mechanical strength and reduces swelling in pristine chitosan. The CS and CS/0.01 KL membranes performed excellently, removing Cr(VI) at an initial 5 mg/L concentration. After 5 h of contact time, they showed about 100% removal. The adsorption process was analyzed using the pseudo-first-order model, and the interaction between the polymer matrix and the contaminant was attributed to electrostatic interactions. Therefore, CS and CS/KL membranes could be low-cost and efficient adsorbents for heavy metals in wastewater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Castro
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Bárbara D D Cruz
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Pedro M Martins
- Institute of Science and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Magliozzi LJ, Matiasek SJ, Alpers CN, Korak JA, McKnight D, Foster AL, Ryan JN, Roth DA, Ku P, Tsui MTK, Chow AT, Webster JP. Wildland-urban interface wildfire increases metal contributions to stormwater runoff in Paradise, California. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:667-685. [PMID: 38315154 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00298e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The 2018 Camp Fire was a large late-year (November) wildfire that produced an urban firestorm in the Town of Paradise, California, USA, and destroyed more than 18 000 structures. Runoff from burned wildland areas is known to contain ash, which can transport contaminants including metals into nearby watersheds. However, due to historically infrequent occurrences, the effect of wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires, such as the Camp Fire, on surface water quality has not been well-characterized. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of widespread urban burning on surface water quality in major watersheds of the Camp Fire area. Between November 2018 and May 2019, 140 surface water samples were collected, including baseflow and stormflow, from burned and unburned watersheds with varying extent of urban development. Samples were analyzed for total and filter-passing metals, dissolved organic carbon, major anions, and total suspended solids. Ash and debris from the Camp Fire contributed metals to downstream watersheds via runoff throughout the storm season. Increases in concentration up to 200-fold were found for metals Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in burned watersheds compared to pre-fire values. Total concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exceeded EPA aquatic habitat acute criteria by up to 16-fold for up to five months after the fire. To assess possible transport mechanisms and bioavailability, a subset of 18 samples was analyzed using four filters with nominal pore sizes ranging from 0.22 to 1.2 μm to determine the particulate size distribution of metals. Trace and major metals (Al, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were found mostly associated with larger grain sizes (>0.45 μm), and some metals (Al, Cr, Fe, and Pb) also included a substantial colloidal phase (0.22 to 0.45 μm). This study suggests that fires in the wildland-urban interface increase metal concentrations, mainly through particulate driven transport. The metals with the largest increases are likely from anthropogenic disaster materials, though biomass ash also is a major contributor to water quality. The increase in metals following WUI burning may have adverse ecological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Magliozzi
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Sandrine J Matiasek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, California State University Chico, CA, USA
| | - Charles N Alpers
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Julie A Korak
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Diane McKnight
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Andrea L Foster
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Joseph N Ryan
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, CO, USA
| | - David A Roth
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Peijia Ku
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA
| | - Martin Tsz-Ki Tsui
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alex T Chow
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, SC, USA
| | - Jackson P Webster
- Department of Civil Engineering, California State University Chico, CA, USA.
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Escudero L, Ojanguren AF, Álvarez R, García C, Pañeda J, Alberquilla F, Ordóñez A. Assessment of hydrological, geological, and biological parameters of a river basin impacted by old Hg mining in NW Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11081-11095. [PMID: 38217815 PMCID: PMC10850224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that can cause adverse effects for the health of ecosystems. The Caudal River is one of the main rivers in the Asturias region (NW Spain), whose basin is highly anthropized, hosting several Hg mines, closed in the last century. Arsenic (As) is also found in the mineral paragenesis of the Hg deposits, posing a greater environmental risk. In the mining sites, remaining old facilities and tailings continue to release these elements into the environment. In this work, samples of fluvial sediments and water were taken, both in areas affected by anthropic activity and in pristine areas, in order to establish the background levels for the critical elements. The mineralogical study of the sediments, combined with EDS microanalysis, is useful to identify mineralogical traps such as Fe oxides or clays to retain the As. The As content in all sampled sediments is above the threshold effect levels (TEL), the possible effect range within which adverse effects occasionally occur, according to the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. This fact is related to a naturally high geochemical background in the basin, due to the existing mineral deposits. The PEL threshold (the probable effect range within which adverse effects frequently occur) is exceeded by more than an order of magnitude in the sediments downstream of the Hg mines. In these points, the As content in the water, exceeding 700 μg L-1 As, is also above the quality standard established in Spanish legislation. As a result, the Caudal River tributaries in the lower part of the basin do not reach a good ecological state, according to the Hydrological Planning Office, and in some cases their state is deficient, showing low richness and high dominance of macroinvertebrates. Although the concentrations decrease with distance from the source, these findings justify the low ecological quality of the affected watercourses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Escudero
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Alfredo F Ojanguren
- Department Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Álvarez
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carmen García
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jose Pañeda
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Fernando Alberquilla
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Almudena Ordóñez
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Clark EV, Soucek DJ, Schoenholtz SH, Whitmore KM, Zipper CE. Trace Elements and Consequent Ecological Risks in Mining-Influenced Streams of Appalachia. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:2651-2665. [PMID: 37589405 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Appalachian (eastern USA) coal surface mines fracture geologic materials, causing release of both major ions and trace elements to water via accelerated weathering. When elevated above natural background, trace elements in streams may produce adverse effects on biota via direct exposure from water and sediment and via dietary exposure in food sources. Other studies have found elevated water concentrations of multiple trace elements in Appalachia's mining-influenced streams. Except for Se, trace-element concentrations in abiotic and biotic media of Appalachian mining-influenced streams are less well known. We analyzed environmental media of headwater streams receiving alkaline waters from Appalachian coal mines for eight trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Sr, V, and Zn) and assessed the potential consequent ecological risks. Streamwater, particulate media (sediment, biofilm, leaf detritus), and benthic macroinvertebrates (primary consumers, secondary consumers, crayfish) were sampled from six mining-influenced and three reference streams during low-flow conditions in two seasons. Dissolved Cu, Ni, and Sr were higher in mining-influenced streams than in reference streams; Ni, Sr, and Zn in fine sediments and Ni in macroinvertebrates were also elevated relative to reference-stream levels in samples from mining-influenced streams. Seasonal ratios of mining-influenced stream concentrations to maximum concentrations in reference streams also demonstrated mining-influenced increases for several elements in multiple media. In most media, concentrations of several elements including Ni were correlated positively. All water-column dissolved concentrations were below protective levels, but fine-sediment concentrations of Ni approached or exceeded threshold-effect concentrations in several streams. Further study is warranted for several elements (Cd, Ni, and Zn in biofilms, and V in macroinvertebrates) that approached or exceeded previously established dietary-risk levels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2651-2665. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse V Clark
- Department of Earth & Geographic Sciences, Fitchburg State University, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David J Soucek
- Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Keridwen M Whitmore
- Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carl E Zipper
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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Lencioni V, Franceschini A, Paoli F, Lutton A, Olesik J, Gabrielli P. Metal enrichment in ice-melt water and uptake by chironomids as possible legacy of World War One in the Italian Alps. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139757. [PMID: 37574091 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Relics of World War One (WW1) were buried in alpine glaciers around 100 years ago. Today, these are emerging from the ice due to widespread glacier retreat, and are in direct contact with glacial meltwater-fed streams. To address a possible emergent contamination, we quantified major and trace elements (M-TEs) by mass spectrometry in water and larvae of Diamesa zernyi from three glacial streams fed by glaciers differently impacted by the Italian Austro-Hungarian war, in the Adamello-Presanella mountain range (Italian Alps): Lares and Presena, the two main battlefields, and Amola, 8 km from the front. M-TEs in stream water were interpreted using the crustal enrichment factor (EFc) while larval uptake was quantified by adopting the bioaccumulation factor (BAF). Despite low M-TEs concentrations in the water, in a range between 1 ng L-1 (Ag, Ta) and 1-2 mg L-1 (Al, Fe, Mg), low to moderate enrichments (10 ≥ EFc≥ 6) were observed for Sb and U in Presena and for Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Li, Mo, Pb, Sb and U in Lares. In addition, M-TE mass concentrations in larvae were up to ninety thousand times higher than in water, from 20 to 50 ng g-1 dry weight (d.w.; for Bi, Sb, Ta, Tl) to 1-4 mg g-1 d.w. (for Al, Fe, Na, and Mg). Larvae from Lares accumulated the largest amount of metals and metalloids, including those mostly used in the manufacture of artillery shells (As, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb; BAFs from 375 to about 11,500). This was expected as most of the WW1 battles in this mountain range were fought on the Lares glacier, where the greatest number of war relics are emerging. These results provide preliminary evidence of water contamination and bioaccumulation of metals and metalloids by glacial fauna as a possible legacy of WW1 in the Alps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lencioni
- Research and Museum Collection Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122, Trento, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Franceschini
- Research and Museum Collection Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Paoli
- Research and Museum Collection Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Anthony Lutton
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 43210, Mendenhall Laboratory, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John Olesik
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 43210, Mendenhall Laboratory, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Paolo Gabrielli
- Italian Glaciological Committee, c/o University of Torino, Corso Massimo D'Azeglio 42, 10125, Torino, Italy
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Lorente CJ, Mesa L, Montalto L, Gutiérrez MF, Miró MV, Lifschitz A. Ivermectin bioaccumulation and transfer through developmental stages in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138106. [PMID: 36780993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM), one of the most widely used antiparasitics in livestock, could enters into the aquatic environment because the treated animal metabolizes only a small percentage of what is administered and the rest is eliminated through the feces, largely as a parent drug, imposing a risk to aquatic organisms. The aims of this study were to (1) assess the effect of IVM spiked in cattle dung on the survival and emergence of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae), and to (2) evaluate the accumulation of this drug in the different developmental stages of this taxon. Larvae were exposed to two IVM concentrations (T1: 1000 ng g-1 and T2: 500 ng g-1) for 9 days. At days 3, 6 and 9 survival and adult emergence were recorded and samples of larvae, pupae, pupal exuviae and adults were taken to analyze the IVM accumulation. At these concentrations, a reduction in survival and adult emergence of C. pipiens was recorded. In addition, the IVM accumulation was observed in all samples analyzed, decreasing it throughout the development of this taxon (larvae > pupae > adults). Although a large proportion of the drug was lost during the metamorphosis, being mainly eliminated through pupal exuviae during molting, this process is not enough to eliminate it completely. Thus, part of the drug was transferred to the adult stage and remains available to the aquatic and terrestrial food webs. These results show that IVM represents a risk to aquatic invertebrates and their predators, which deserves further studies, especially in the context of their bioaccumulation and biomagnification through the aquatic and terrestrial trophic webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Jazmín Lorente
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Leticia Mesa
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Luciana Montalto
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Gutiérrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Ramón Carrillo", Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Miró
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, CP 7000 Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Lifschitz
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, CP 7000 Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Janiga M, Janiga M. Different accumulation of some elements in the fry and adults of alpine bullheads (Cottus poecilopus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:44724-44732. [PMID: 36696058 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Skulls of alpine bullhead sampled from the Javorinka stream in the Tatra Mountains, West Carpathians, were analyzed to determine concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ca, P, Rb, Zn, Mn, Mb, Fe, Ti, Sn, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Se, Pb, Sb, Ba, Hg, Cr, Ag, and Cd. The stage of development is the most influential factor determining element concentrations in the sampled bullhead, as fry were more polluted than adult fish. The different diets consumed by fry and adult bullhead plays a key role in the accumulation of chemical elements in their bodies. Young bullheads live in small natural embankments containing higher levels of a mixture of sedimentary minerals and microorganisms than in running water. Thus, newly hatched bullheads may serve as excellent indicators of water quality in mountain creeks or streams, as they can indicate the higher pollution of water or prey in their habitats (small bays with sandy bottoms) when compared to the preferred habitat of adult individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Janiga
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, 059 56, Tatranská Javorina, Slovakia.
| | - Marián Janiga
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, 059 56, Tatranská Javorina, Slovakia
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Alaaeldin Abdelfattah E, Renault D. Does the presence of heavy metal and catechol contaminants in organic waste challenge the physiological performance of the bioconverter Hermetia illucens? JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 144:104469. [PMID: 36525990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The increased human activities and the worldwide population growth are constantly increasing the production of solid wastes. Over the years, waste management has thus become a prominent issue for several companies and municipalities, and several engineering techniques have been developed over the years in order to convert wastes into other solid materials or fuels. Yet, several techniques are important contributors to environmental pollution, and biological-based solutions have thus become progressively very popular. In particular, insect-based conversion of organic wastes represent eco-friendly tools, and the growth and development of insect species such as the black soldier fly have been tested and improved for a large diversity of organic wastes. However, organic wastes, including food wastes, may contain several pollutants such as heavy metals and catechol which could affect the bioconversion efficiency by incurring physiological costs that would be undetectable at the organismal level, i.e. have null to little effects on the life cycle of Hermetia illucens. In this context, assessments of antioxidant capacities can provide a rapid and low-cost evaluation of the capability of insects to handle exposure to heavy metals and catechol. Here, we aimed at measuring the physiological responses of the black soldier fly H. illucens grown on food wastes (kitchen, fruit or vegetable wastes) contaminated by cadmium, iron, lead or catechol. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and protein carbonyls), non-enzymatic total antioxidant capacity (ascorbic acid amounts) and activity of enzymatic antioxidants (activities of superoxide dismutase and polyphenoloxidase) were measured from the gut of the larvae. We found no evidence of deleterious impacts of food waste contamination by catechol or heavy metals on H. illucens. In most experimental treatments, the array of physiological endpoints we measured for evaluating the degree of oxidative stress experienced by the larvae remained similar to controls. Possible physiological effects were reported for cadmium and catechol only, which tended to increase the oxidation of proteins and hydrogen peroxide in the larvae. Finally, our results suggested that the nature of the food waste could equally affect the physiological responses of the insect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR, 6553 Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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10
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Wu Q, Su Q, Simpson SL, Tan QG, Chen R, Xie M. Isotopically Modified Bioassay Bridges the Bioavailability and Toxicity Risk Assessment of Metals in Bedded Sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16919-16928. [PMID: 36372997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The application of bioavailability-based risk assessment for the management of contaminated sediments requires new techniques to rapidly and accurately determine metal bioavailability. Here, we designed a multimetal isotopically modified bioassay to directly measure the bioavailability of different metals by tracing the change in their isotopic composition within organisms following sediment exposure. With a 24 h sediment exposure, the bioassay sensed significant bioavailability of nickel and lead within the sediment and determined that cadmium and copper exhibited low bioavailable concentrations and risk profiles. We further tested whether the metal bioavailability sensed by this new bioassay would predict the toxicity risk of metals by examining the relationship between metal bioavailability and metal toxicity to chironomid larvae emergence. A strong dose-toxicity relationship between nickel bioavailability (nickel assimilation rate) and toxicity (22 days emergence ratio) indicated exposure to bioavailable nickel in the sediment induced toxic effects to the chironomids. Overall, our study demonstrated that the isotopically modified bioassay successfully determined metal bioavailability in sediments within a relatively short period of exposure. Because of its speed of measurement, it may be used at the initial screening stage to rapidly diagnose the bioavailable contamination status of a site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian361102, China
| | - Qijing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian361102, China
| | - Stuart L Simpson
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, New South Wales2232, Australia
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong511458, China
| | - Qiao-Guo Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian361102, China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian361102, China
| | - Minwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian361102, China
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11
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Alric B, Geffard O, Chaumot A. Metal bioavailable contamination engages richness decline, species turnover but unchanged functional diversity of stream macroinvertebrates at the scale of a French region. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119565. [PMID: 35659553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are the main source of water for sustaining life on earth, and the biodiversity they support is the main source of valuable goods and services for human populations. Despite growing recognition of the impairment of freshwater ecosystems by micropollutant contamination, different conceptual and methodological considerations can newly be addressed to improve our understanding of the ecological impact into these ecosystems. Here, we originally combined in situ ecotoxicology and community ecology concepts to unveil the mechanisms structuring macroinvertebrate communities along a regional contamination gradient. The novelty of our study lies in the use of an innovative biomonitoring approach (measurement of metal contents in caged crustaceans) allowing to quantify and compare on a regional scale the levels of bioavailable metal contamination to which stream communities are exposed. We were hence able to identify 23 streams presenting a significant gradient of bioavailable metal contamination within the same catchment area in the South West of France, from which we also obtained data on the composition of resident macroinvertebrate communities. Analyses of structural and functional integrity of communities revealed an unexpected decoupling between taxonomic and functional diversity of communities in response to bioavailable metal contamination. We show that despite the negative impact of bioavailable metal contamination exposure on taxonomic diversity (with an average species loss of 17% in contaminated streams), functional diversity is maintained through a process of non-random species replacement by functional redundant species at the regional scale. Such unanticipated findings call for a deeper characterization of metal-tolerant communities' ability to cope with environmental variability in multi-stressed ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Alric
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, AD2M, UMR 7144, F-29680, Roscoff, France.
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
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12
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Wen F, Yang J, Huang X, Huang X. Analysis of Differential Gene Expression of the Aquatic Insect Protohermes costalis (Walker) (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) in Response to Cadmium Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:815-823. [PMID: 35762274 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in freshwater ecosystems is a serious threat to aquatic organisms. Species of Megaloptera are important predators of aquatic invertebrates and have been widely used as bioindicators in assessing the quality of freshwater ecosystems. In this study, we determined the differential gene expression profile of Protohermes costalis (Walker) (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) in response to cadmium (Cd) exposure by using transcriptome analysis. A total of 60,627 unigenes were obtained in the transcriptomes of 150 mg/liter (PL), 1,000 mg/liter (PH) CdCl2 treatment, and the no Cd control (PC). Differential expression gene (DEG) analysis by pairwise comparison identified 2,794 DEGs after filtering the noninsect genes and repetitive counts. 606 DEGs were shared in comparisons of PL versus PC and PH versus PC, with 165 DEGs consistently up-regulated and 441 down-regulated by both PL and PH. Six heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the HSP70 family were identified in P. costalis and PcosHSP68 was up-regulated by both PL and PH. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) confirmed that the expression levels of PcosHSP68 in PL and PH were higher than that of PC by 31 and 197%, respectively. These results showed that exposure to Cd altered the gene expression profiles of P. costalis and the transcriptome data presented in this study provide insight into future studying on molecular mechanisms of Cd toxicity to these insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasheng Wen
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Xingrui Huang
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Xinglong Huang
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Peoples Republic of China
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13
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Lidman J, Berglund ÅMM. The effect of aquatic and terrestrial prey availability on metal accumulation in pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112779. [PMID: 35085560 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of contaminated prey is a major route for metal exposure in terrestrial insectivores. In terrestrial ecosystems adjacent to lakes and streams, emerging aquatic insects can transport metals, accumulated during their larval stage, from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems. However, contaminant exposure via aquatic insects has often been ignored in terrestrial environments, despite such insects representing a substantial part of the diet for terrestrial insectivores living close to lakes and streams. In this study, we investigated how dietary lead (Pb) and calcium (Ca) exposure from different aquatic and terrestrial prey types affects Pb accumulation in pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings living close to a former Pb/zinc (Zn) mine in northern Sweden, which closed in 2001. Stable isotope analysis (δ 13C and δ15N) of nestling blood and different prey types was used to estimate nestlings' diet. Ants, Lepidoptera larvae and Trichoptera were the most common prey types in the nestlings' diet, in which aquatic prey types (Trichoptera included) accounted for 2.0-96.4%. Ingestion of specific prey groups, such as aquatic insects and ants, were important for Pb accumulation in nestlings, and when access to aquatic prey was low, ants were the predominant source of Pb. The influence of dietary Ca on Pb accumulation was less consistent, but Ca availability was relatively high and often co-occurred with high Pb concentrations in invertebrates. The study shows that both the proportion of different prey and their individual metal concentrations need to be considered when estimating exposure risks for insectivores. Further, it highlights the need to account for metal exposure from emerging aquatic insects for terrestrial insectivores living close to lakes and streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lidman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Åsa M M Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden
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14
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Fletcher DE, Lindell AH, Stankus PT, Fulghum CM, Spivey EA. Species- and element-specific patterns of metal flux from contaminated wetlands versus metals shed with exuviae in emerging dragonflies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118976. [PMID: 35150795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dragonfly adults and their aquatic immature stages are important parts of food webs and provide a link between aquatic and terrestrial components. During emergence, contaminants can be exported into terrestrial food webs as immature adults fly away or be shed with their exuviae and remain in the wetland. Our previous work established metals accumulating in dragonfly nymphs throughout a contaminated constructed wetland designed to regulate pH and sequester trace metals from an industrial effluent line. Here, we evaluated the concentration and mass of metals leaving the wetland in flying emergents versus remaining in the wetland with the shed exuviae in 10 species of dragonflies belonging to 8 genera. Nine elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn, V, Mg, Fe, Al, Pb) were evaluated that include essential and nonessential elements as well as trace and major metals. Metal concentrations in the emergent body and exuviae can differ by orders of magnitude. Aluminum, Fe, Mn, and Pb were largely shed in the exuviae. Vanadium and Cd were more variable among species but also tended to be shed with the exuviae. In contrast, Cu, Zn, and Mg showed a higher tendency to leave the wetland with an emerging dragonfly. Metals shed in dragonfly exuviae can moderate the transport of metals from contaminated wetlands. Taxonomic- and metal-specific variability in daily metal flux from the wetland depended upon concentration accumulated, individual body mass, and number of individuals emerging, with each factor's relative importance often differing among species. This illustrates the importance of evaluating the mass of metals in an individual and not only concentrations. Furthermore, differences in numbers of each species emerging will magnify differences in individual metal flux when calculating community metal flux. A better understanding of the variability of metal accumulation in nymphs/larvae and metal shedding during metamorphosis among both metals and species is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean E Fletcher
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA.
| | - Angela H Lindell
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA.
| | - Paul T Stankus
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA.
| | - Christina M Fulghum
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA.
| | - Erin A Spivey
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA.
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15
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O'Callaghan I, Fitzpatrick D, Sullivan T. Thiophilicity is a determinant of bioaccumulation in benthic fauna. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118641. [PMID: 34890745 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic contamination can settle into sediments, where it complexes with organic matter and becomes bioavailable. The resulting bioaccumulation of these contaminants by benthic fauna poses a serious threat due to the potential for trophic transfer. This paper offers an insight into the heterogenous accumulation behavior of different elements, and the consequences for ecological risk. In this study, we present field quantification of sediment-associated bioaccumulation factors (BAFS) in freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates. 17 elements were quantified using ICP-MS in sediment and Asellus aquaticus and Gammarus sp. samples. Previously published reports of contaminant concentrations in freshwater and marine sediments and benthic fauna were likewise analyzed to provide a complementary picture of bioaccumulation across contaminants and taxa. We demonstrate that the BAFS correlates strongly with the thiophilicity of the elemental contaminants, as defined by (Kepp, 2016), for all strata examined. These findings support the hypothesis that thiol-mediated processes, such as that of metallothionein, play a larger role in bioaccumulation than typically afforded. In conclusion, we demonstrate the potential for the thiophilic scale to act as a predictor of accumulation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene O'Callaghan
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland; School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | | | - Timothy Sullivan
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland; Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Ireland
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16
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Baquerizo M, Salas JA. Cuantificación de Plomo (Pb) en tejidos blandos y óseo de murciélagos (Mammalia: Chiroptera) provenientes de zonas de influencia Urbana en la costa occidental de Ecuador. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2021.1982585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaime A. Salas
- Fundación Desarrollo y Biodiversidad, FUNDEBIO, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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17
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Baos R, Cabezas S, González MJ, Jiménez B, Delibes M. Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) as sentinel species for the long-term biomonitoring of the Guadiamar River after the Aznalcóllar mine spill. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149669. [PMID: 34525684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Accidents at mines involving stored tailings have produced catastrophic environmental damage. In April 1998 the dam of the Aznalcóllar mine tailings pond in the surroundings of the Doñana National Park (southwestern Spain) broke, discharging into the Guadiamar River more than 6 million m3 of toxic mud and acidic water with high concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic. We used the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) as sentinel species to assess the potential impact of the toxic spill on the river ecosystems and their recovery with time by studying the spatial and temporal variation (1999-2003, 2006) of selected trace element (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As) concentrations in feces. Throughout the sampling period, the highest heavy metal and As levels were found in the most spill-affected reaches of the Guadiamar River (i.e., the Middle and, to a lesser extent, the Lower reaches), pointing out the mining accident as the main origin of the contamination. Overall, levels of trace elements decreased with the time elapsed since the toxic spill, except for Cd (F1,352 = 0.29, P = 0.59). However, rebounds for some elements (Pb, As, and Cu) were also observed, especially in the Middle and Lower reaches of the river, which might be attributed to the residual contamination in abiotic compartments and/or new inputs from industrial and agricultural activities in the nearby areas. Concentrations were relatively high when compared to those reported for both our reference area (Guadalete River) and other metal-polluted zones. We found that the estimated amounts of Pb and As ingested during the first years after the spill in the Guadiamar Middle reach would be high enough to cause reproductive issues. This could affect the local population recovery, although evidence on distribution range and numbers suggests otherwise, with thriving populations at regional scale. Our results support the role of otters as sentinel species for biomonitoring contaminants and thus to evaluate fluvial ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Baos
- Department of Conservation Biology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain.
| | - Sonia Cabezas
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - María José González
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Jiménez
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Delibes
- Department of Conservation Biology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
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18
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Pais-Costa AJ, Sánchez MI, Taggart MA, Green AJ, Hortas F, Vinagre PA, Marques JC, Martinez-Haro M. Trace element bioaccumulation in hypersaline ecosystems and implications of a global invasion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149349. [PMID: 34391156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypersaline ecosystems are under increasing threat due to anthropogenic pressures such as environmental pollution and biological invasions. Here we address the ecotoxicological implications of the Artemia franciscana (Crustacea) invasion in saltpans of southern Spain. This North American species is causing the extinction of native Artemia populations in many parts of the globe. The bioaccumulation of trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in native populations (A. parthenogenetica) from Cabo de Gata and Odiel saltpans and invasive Artemia from Cádiz saltpan was studied at different salinities. Furthermore, in Odiel, the most polluted study site, we also analysed the bioaccumulation of trace elements by Chironomus salinarius larvae (Diptera) and Ochthebius notabilis adults (Coleoptera). High levels of trace elements were detected in the studied saltpans, many of them exceeding the recommended threshold guidelines for aquatic life. Bioaccumulation of trace elements by Artemia was lowest at the highest salinity. The invasive A. franciscana showed higher potential to bioaccumulate trace elements than its native counterpart (in particular for As, Cd, Ni and Cr). In Odiel, O. notabilis stood out as showing the highest potential to bioaccumulate As and Cu. Results showed that the shift from a native to an alien Artemia species with a higher bioaccumulation capacity may increase the transfer of trace elements in hypersaline food webs, especially for waterbirds that depend on Artemia as food. Thus, our study identifies an indirect impact of the Artemia franciscana invasion that had not previously been recognised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antónia Juliana Pais-Costa
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Marta I Sánchez
- Wetland Ecology Department, Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain; Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Mark A Taggart
- Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, Scotland KW14 7JD, UK
| | - Andy J Green
- Wetland Ecology Department, Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Hortas
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional/Global del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Av. República Saharaui s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - João Carlos Marques
- University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Martinez-Haro
- Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal (IRIAF), Centro de Investigación Agroambiental El Chaparrillo, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Zhao M, Wang CY, Sun L, He Z, Yang PL, Liao HJ, Feng Y. Edible Aquatic Insects: Diversities, Nutrition, and Safety. Foods 2021; 10:3033. [PMID: 34945584 PMCID: PMC8700862 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible insects have great potential to be human food; among them, aquatic insects have unique characteristics and deserve special attention. Before consuming these insects, the nutrition and food safety should always be considered. In this review, we summarized the species diversity, nutrition composition, and food safety of edible aquatic insects, and also compared their distinguished characteristics with those of terrestrial insects. Generally, in contrast with the role of plant feeders that most terrestrial edible insect species play, most aquatic edible insects are carnivorous animals. Besides the differences in physiology and metabolism, there are differences in fat, fatty acid, limiting/flavor amino acid, and mineral element contents between terrestrial and aquatic insects. Furthermore, heavy metal, pesticide residue, and uric acid composition, concerning food safety, are also discussed. Combined with the nutritional characteristics of aquatic insects, it is not recommended to eat the wild resources on a large scale. For the aquatic insects with large consumption, it is better to realize the standardized cultivation before they can be safely eaten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (M.Z.); (C.-Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.H.); (P.-L.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (M.Z.); (C.-Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.H.); (P.-L.Y.)
| | - Long Sun
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (M.Z.); (C.-Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.H.); (P.-L.Y.)
| | - Zhao He
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (M.Z.); (C.-Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.H.); (P.-L.Y.)
| | - Pan-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (M.Z.); (C.-Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.H.); (P.-L.Y.)
| | - Huai-Jian Liao
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (M.Z.); (C.-Y.W.); (L.S.); (Z.H.); (P.-L.Y.)
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Kinuthia GK, Ngure V, Kamau L. Urban mosquitoes and filamentous green algae: their biomonitoring role in heavy metal pollution in open drainage channels in Nairobi industrial area, Kenya. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:188. [PMID: 34635056 PMCID: PMC8507369 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Industrial wastewater is a human health hazard upon exposure. Aquatic organisms in contaminated wastewater may accumulate the toxic elements with time. Human population living in informal settlements in Nairobi industrial area risk exposure to such toxic elements. Biomonitoring using aquatic organisms in open drainage channels can be key in metal exposure assessment. Levels of Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Thallium (Tl), and Nickel (Ni) were established in samples of wastewater, filamentous green algae (Spirogyra) and mosquitoes obtained from open drainage channels in Nairobi industrial area, Kenya. Results Pb, Cr, & Ni levels ranged from 3.08 to 15.31 µg/l while Tl, Hg, & Cd ranged from 0.05 to 0.12 µg/l in wastewater. The Pb, Cr, Ni, & Cd levels were above WHO, Kenya & US EPA limits for wastewater but Hg was not. Pb, Cr, Tl, & Ni levels in assorted field mosquitoes were 1.3–2.4 times higher than in assorted laboratory-reared mosquitoes. Hg & Cd concentrations in laboratory-reared mosquitoes (0.26 mg/kg & 1.8 mg/kg respectively) were higher than in field mosquitoes (0.048 mg/kg & 0.12 mg/kg respectively). The levels of Pb, Cr, & Ni were distinctively higher in field mosquito samples than in wastewater samples from the same site. Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd & Hg levels in green filamentous Spirogyra algae were 110.62, 29.75, 14.45, 0.44, & 0.057 mg/kg respectively. Correlation for Pb & Hg (r (2) = 0.957; P < 0.05); Cd & Cr (r (2) = 0.985; P < 0.05) in algae samples was noted. The metal concentrations in the samples analyzed were highest in filamentous green algae and least in wastewater. Conclusion Wastewater, mosquitoes, and filamentous green algae from open drainage channels and immediate vicinity, in Nairobi industrial area (Kenya) contained Hg, Pb, Cr, Cd, Tl, and Ni. Mosquitoes in urban areas and filamentous green algae in open drainage channels can play a role of metal biomonitoring in wastewater. The potential of urban mosquitoes transferring heavy metals to human population from the contaminated wastewater should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Kariuki Kinuthia
- Department of Science, Engineering & Health, Daystar University, PO Box 44400 - 00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Veronica Ngure
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laikipia University, PO Box 1100 - 20300, Nyahururu, Kenya
| | - Luna Kamau
- Center for Biotechnology Research and Development (Malaria laboratory), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), PO Box 548840 - 00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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21
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Naikoo MI, Raghib F, Dar MI, Khan FA, Hessini K, Ahmad P. Uptake, accumulation and elimination of cadmium in a soil - Faba bean (Vicia faba) - Aphid (Aphis fabae) - Ladybird (Coccinella transversalis) food chain. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130522. [PMID: 33866104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a highly mobile toxic heavy metal and a serious hazard to the biosphere. We studied uptake, accumulation and elimination of cadmium in a soil - faba bean - aphid - ladybird food chain. The soil in the study was amended with Cd at concentrations 0, 5, 10, 20 and, 30 mg kg-1 (w/w). We noted significant Cd transfer in a dose-dependent manner. Cadmium biomagnified in faba bean roots and aphids while biominimized in ladybirds as revealed by their respective transfer coefficients. The concentration-dependent removal of Cd from aphids through excretion via honeydew as well as through pupal exuviae of ladybirds during metamorphosis links to possible mechanisms of Cd detoxification at these trophic levels, which regulates the bioaccumulation of Cd along the food chain. These findings press for the advance studies to find and understand the physiological pathways and mechanisms leading to bio-minimization of Cd across the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Irfan Naikoo
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
| | - Fariha Raghib
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mudasir Irfan Dar
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Fareed Ahmad Khan
- Plant Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Tibbett M, Green I, Rate A, De Oliveira VH, Whitaker J. The transfer of trace metals in the soil-plant-arthropod system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146260. [PMID: 33744587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Essential and non-essential trace metals are capable of causing toxicity to organisms above a threshold concentration. Extensive research has assessed the behaviour of trace metals in biological and ecological systems, but has typically focused on single organisms within a trophic level and not on multi-trophic transfer through terrestrial food chains. This reinforces the notion of metal toxicity as a closed system, failing to consider one trophic level as a pollution source to another; therefore, obscuring the full extent of ecosystem effects. Given the relatively few studies on trophic transfer of metals, this review has taken a compartment-based approach, where transfer of metals through trophic pathways is considered as a series of linked compartments (soil-plant-arthropod herbivore-arthropod predator). In particular, we consider the mechanisms by which trace metals are taken up by organisms, the forms and transformations that can occur within the organism and the consequences for trace metal availability to the next trophic level. The review focuses on four of the most prevalent metal cations in soil which are labile in terrestrial food chains: Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni. Current knowledge of the processes and mechanisms by which these metals are transformed and moved within and between trophic levels in the soil-plant-arthropod system are evaluated. We demonstrate that the key factors controlling the transfer of trace metals through the soil-plant-arthropod system are the form and location in which the metal occurs in the lower trophic level and the physiological mechanisms of each organism in regulating uptake, transformation, detoxification and transfer. The magnitude of transfer varies considerably depending on the trace metal concerned, as does its toxicity, and we conclude that biomagnification is not a general property of plant-arthropod and arthropod-arthropod systems. To deliver a more holistic assessment of ecosystem toxicity, integrated studies across ecosystem compartments are needed to identify critical pathways that can result in secondary toxicity across terrestrial food-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Tibbett
- Department of Sustainable Land Management & Soil Research Centre, School of Agriculture Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6AR, UK.
| | - Iain Green
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Andrew Rate
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Vinícius H De Oliveira
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jeanette Whitaker
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
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Galal TM, Hassan LM, Ahmed DA, Alamri SAM, Alrumman SA, Eid EM. Heavy metals uptake by the global economic crop (Pisum sativum L.) grown in contaminated soils and its associated health risks. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252229. [PMID: 34086714 PMCID: PMC8177654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the different organs of Pisum sativum L. (garden pea) grown in contaminated soils in comparison to nonpolluted soils in the South Cairo and Giza provinces, Egypt, and their effect on consumers' health. To collect soil and plant samples from two nonpolluted and two polluted farms, five quadrats, each of 1 m2, were collected per each farm and used for growth measurement and chemical analysis. The daily intake of metals (DIM) and its associated health risks (health risk index (HRI) were also assessed. The investigated heavy metals were cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), cobalt (Co) and vanadium (V). Significant differences in soil heavy metals, except As, between nonpolluted and polluted sites were recorded. Fresh and dry phytomass, photosynthetic pigments, fruit production, and organic and inorganic nutrients were reduced in the polluted sites, where there was a high concentration of heavy metals in the fruit. The bioaccumulation factor for all studied heavy metals exceeded 1 in the polluted sites and only Pb, Cu and Mn exceeded 1 in the nonpolluted sites. Except for Fe, the DIM of the studied heavy metals in both sites did not exceed 1 in either children or adults. However, the HRI of Pb, Cd, Fe, and Mn in the polluted plants and Pb in the nonpolluted ones exceeded 1, indicating significant potential health risks to consumers. The authors recommend not to eat garden peas grown in the polluted sites, and farmers should carefully grow heavy metals non-accumulating food crops or non-edible plants for other purposes such as animal forages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. Galal
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Loutfy M. Hassan
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia A. Ahmed
- Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Saad A. M. Alamri
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman A. Alrumman
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebrahem M. Eid
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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24
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Kotalik CJ, Cadmus P, Clements WH. Before-After Control-Impact field surveys and novel experimental approaches provide valuable insights for characterizing stream recovery from acid mine drainage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:145419. [PMID: 33736129 PMCID: PMC7980037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mineral extraction has resulted in widespread stream impairment due to habitat degradation and water quality impacts from acid mine drainage (AMD). The North Fork of Clear Creek (NFCC), Colorado, USA was historically impaired by AMD from two major point-source inputs, with some stream segments devoid of aquatic life prior to remediation. In the summer of 2017, the North Clear Creek Water Treatment Plant (NCCWTP) began AMD water treatment. To predict and characterize the biological recovery of NFCC to improvements in water quality, we conducted stream mesocosm and field experiments, as well as biomonitoring of benthic communities using a Before-After Control-Impact (BACI) study design. The NFCC stream community responded rapidly to improved water quality. Benthic algal biomass increased at impacted sites and macroinvertebrate surveys showed significant increases in abundance, taxa richness, and emerging adult aquatic insects. However, the dominant taxa colonizing downstream segments of NFCC differed considerably from those predicted based on previous field and experimental results. We hypothesize that this discrepancy is the result of differences in metal exposure regimes observed between our field and mesocosm approaches (i.e., fluctuating vs stable), colonization attributes (i.e., open vs closed system), and spatiotemporal differences in metal sensitivity due to macroinvertebrate phenology. We expect continued biological recovery in NFCC, but habitat impairment and residual sources of metals will continue to impair aquatic life until those stressors abate. Applying a combination of controlled experimental and BACI field approaches to predict and evaluate AMD-remediation projects in the future will improve the ability to understand the physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms influencing stream recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Kotalik
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA.
| | - Pete Cadmus
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA; Aquatic Research, Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - William H Clements
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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Arnold A, Murphy JF, Pretty JL, Duerdoth CP, Smith BD, Rainbow PS, Spencer KL, Collins AL, Jones JI. Accumulation of trace metals in freshwater macroinvertebrates across metal contamination gradients. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116721. [PMID: 33601199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Historical mining activities cause widespread, long-term trace metal contamination of freshwater ecosystems. However, measuring trace metal bioavailability has proven difficult, because it depends on many factors, not least concentrations in water, sediment and habitat. Simple tools are needed to assess bioavailabilities. The use of biomonitors has been widely advocated to provide a realistic measure. To date there have been few attempts to identify ubiquitous patterns of trace metal accumulation within and between freshwater biomonitors at geographical scales relevant to trace metal contamination. Here we address this through a nationwide collection of freshwater biomonitors (species of Gammarus, Leuctra, Baetis, Rhyacophila, Hydropsyche) from 99 English and Welsh stream sites spanning a gradient of high to low trace metal loading. The study tested for inter-biomonitor variation in trace metal body burden, and for congruence amongst accumulations of trace metals within taxa and between taxa across the gradient. In general, significant differences in trace metal body burden occurred between taxa: Gammarus sp. was the most different compared with insect biomonitors. Bivariate relationships between trace metals within biomonitors reflected trace metal profiles in the environment. Strong correlations between some trace metals suggested accumulation was also influenced by physiological pathways. Bivariate relationships between insect biomonitors for body burdens of As, Cu, Mn and Pb were highly consistent. Our data show that irrespective of taxonomic or ecological differences, there is a commonality of response amongst insect taxa, indicating one or more could provide consistent measures of trace metal bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Arnold
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - John F Murphy
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - James L Pretty
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Charles P Duerdoth
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Brian D Smith
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Philip S Rainbow
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Kate L Spencer
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Adrian L Collins
- Sustainable Agricultural Sciences, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon, EX20 2SB, UK.
| | - J Iwan Jones
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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Loureiro RC, Calisto JFF, Magro JD, Restello RM, Hepp LU. The influence of the environment in the incorporation of copper and cadmium in scraper insects. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:215. [PMID: 33759031 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In regions with intense agricultural activity, increases in heavy metal concentrations in aquatic environments are common. Among the metals associated with agricultural activities, copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) have been found to directly affect aquatic trophic structures due to the ease of incorporation by primary producers and consuming organisms. Aquatic insects are predominantly found in streams, and their presence is determined by environmental characteristics and food availability. In this study, we seek to understand how the incorporation of Cu and Cd by scraper insects relates to their environment and food sources. We collected water, sediment, biofilm and scraper insect samples in streams with different intensities of agricultural activities in the drainage areas. The intensity of agricultural activities in the catchment area positively influenced the Cu and Cd concentrations in organisms and other aquatic compartments. The metals were readily incorporated by the biofilms. Although the functional characteristics are important to understand the functioning of ecosystems, in this study, we found that the physiological characteristics can be determinants in the concentrations of metals in aquatic insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Chaves Loureiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8 - Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Jean Felipe Fossá Calisto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, Chapecó, SC, 591E89809-000, Brazil
| | - Jacir Dal Magro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Área de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Avenida Senador Atílio Fontana, Chapecó, SC, 591E89809-000, Brazil
| | - Rozane Maria Restello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Av. Sete de Setembro, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, 162199709-910, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ubiratan Hepp
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8 - Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Três Lagoas, Av. Ranulpho Marques Leal, 3484, Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79613-000, Brazil
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27
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Henrique Monteiro do Amaral P, Rocha CHB, Alves RDG. Effect of eucalyptus plantations on the taxonomic and functional structure of aquatic insect assemblages in Neotropical springs. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2021.1895512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Monteiro do Amaral
- Laboratory of Benthic Invertebrates, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Cézar Henrique Barra Rocha
- Institute of Engineering, Department of Transport, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Roberto da Gama Alves
- Laboratory of Benthic Invertebrates, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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28
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Amer NR, Lawler SP, Zohdy NM, Younes A, ElSayed WM, Connon RE. Effect of long-term exposure to copper on survival and development of two successive generations of Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:351-360. [PMID: 33566271 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02358-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic invertebrates can be exposed to copper from various sources, including agricultural applications. For example, concentrations up to 1000 µg L-1 are found within rice fields, where copper-containing formulations are used as fungicides and algaecides. We conducted toxicity tests to study lethal and sublethal effects of copper sulfate pentahydrate on all immature stages across two generations of Culex pipiens mosquitoes as our model organism. Mortality was dose-dependent at concentrations of 500 µg L-1 and above in the first generation, and 125 µg L-1 and above in the second generation. The median lethal concentrations (LC50) of copper sulfate pentahydrate for larval Cx. pipiens were 476 ± 30.60 µg L-1 and 348.67 ± 23.20 µg L-1 for the first and second generations, respectively. Generation one pupation decreased from 96% in controls to 48% at 500 µg L-1, while the second-generation pupation decreased from 96% in controls to 17.5% at 500 µg L-1. Mortality during the pupal stage varied from 2 to 10% at 500 µg L-1 of first and second generations, respectively. Higher levels also delayed development to adulthood in both generations. The duration of the immature period was 14.8 days in controls in both generations, but when exposed at 500 µg L-1 it increased to 18.8 days in the first generation and to 20.5 days in the second generation. The chronic, multi-generation exposures in this study showed greater toxicity than reported for shorter exposures of Cx. pipiens, and confamilial taxa like Culex hortensis and Anopheles hispaniola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen R Amer
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 11311, Egypt.
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Sharon P Lawler
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nawal M Zohdy
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 11311, Egypt
| | - Aly Younes
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 11311, Egypt
| | - Wael M ElSayed
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 11311, Egypt
| | - Richard E Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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29
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Roma J, Matos AR, Vinagre C, Duarte B. Engineered metal nanoparticles in the marine environment: A review of the effects on marine fauna. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105110. [PMID: 32977204 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing awareness of how damaging pollutants in the marine environment can be, however information on the effects of metal engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) on marine biota is still insufficient, despite an exponential rising in related publications in recent years. In order to provide an integrated insight on the present state of the art on metal ENP-related ecotoxicology studies on marine fauna, this review aimed to: (i) highlight the means of toxicity of metal ENPs in the marine environment, (ii) identify the principal biotic and abiotic factors that may alter metal ENP toxicity, and (iii) analyse and categorize results of these studies, including accumulation, molecular and histological biomarkers, genotoxicity and behavioural changes. Data retrieved from Scopus yielded 134 studies that met pre-established criteria. Most often, the target ENPs were titanium, zinc, copper or silver, and most studies (61.2%) focused on the phylum Mollusca. The degree of toxicity of metal ENPs was often dependent on the concentrations tested, length of exposure and the type of tissue sampled. Effects from simple tissue accumulation to DNA damage or behavioural alterations were identified, even when concentrations below environmentally available levels were used. It is proposed that other phyla besides the traditional Mollusca (and within it Bivalvia) should be used more often in this kind of studies, that exact pathways of toxicity be further explored, and lastly that co-stressors be used in order to best mimic conditions observed in nature. In this review, the current knowledge on engineered metal nanoparticles and their effects on marine fauna was summarized, highlighting present knowledge gaps. Guidelines for future studies focusing on under-developed subjects in ENP toxicology are also briefly provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Roma
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Rita Matos
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vinagre
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Revisiting the concept of entomotoxicology. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2020; 2:282-286. [PMID: 33024952 PMCID: PMC7530288 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Until now, the term entomotoxicology has only been used in medico-legal sciences. However, entomotoxicology as a whole has a much wider scope and forensic entomotoxicology is just one of its branches. Based on the literature a wider definition of the term is presented. Today, we can distinguish two major branches of entomotoxicology: 1) Forensic entomotoxicology, which uses the insects as evidence of the presence of xenobiotics in decomposing tissue during an investigation and 2) Environmental entomotoxicology, which uses the insects as bioindicators of environmental pollution in non-criminal circumstances. While forensic entomotoxicology is a relatively new discipline, research in environmental entomotoxicology began as far back as the 1920s. A review of the work in entomotoxicology from the last 6 years is presented, covering several interesting new trends. This article aims to redefine entomotoxicology, which should increase awareness to bring more collaborations and multidisciplinary between related scientific fields.
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Pastorino P, Zaccaroni A, Doretto A, Falasco E, Silvi M, Dondo A, Elia AC, Prearo M, Bona F. Functional Feeding Groups of Aquatic Insects Influence Trace Element Accumulation: Findings for Filterers, Scrapers and Predators from the Po Basin. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9090288. [PMID: 32937870 PMCID: PMC7564872 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
For this study, we measured the concentrations of 23 trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, In, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn) in the whole bodies of three functional feeding groups (FFG) (filterers-Hydropsychidae, scrapers-Heptageniidae, and predators-Odonata) of aquatic insects collected from two sites in the Po basin (Po Settimo and Malone Front, Northwest Italy) to determine: (a) how FFG influence trace element accumulations, (b) if scrapers accumulate higher elements compared to the other FFG, since they graze on periphyton, which represents one of the major sinks of metals, and (c) the potential use of macroinvertebrates to assess the bioavailability of trace elements in freshwater. The hierarchical clustering analysis generated three main groups based on trace element concentrations: the most abundant elements were Fe and Al, followed by Sr, In, Zn, V, Mo, and Cu. Tl was below the limit of detection (LOD) in all FFG. Ga was detected only in scrapers from both sites and Hg only in predators from Po Settimo. The principal component analysis showed that concentrations of Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Ga, Fe, In, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Sr were highest in scrapers, suggesting that trace elements accumulate from the ingestion of epilithic periphyton (biofilm). Odonata (predators) accumulate certain elements (Ba, Hg, Li, Se, V, Ti, and Zn) in higher concentrations by food ingestion composed of different aquatic organisms. Differently, Cu and Mo concentrations were the highest in filterers due to their bioavailability in the water column. Non-metric multidimensional scaling clearly differentiated the FFG based on their ability to accumulate trace elements. The findings from this study represent an important step toward the definition of an innovative approach based on trace element accumulation by macroinvertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pastorino
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0112686251
| | - Annalisa Zaccaroni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Alberto Doretto
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, Italy—ALPSTREAM Research Centre Ostana (CN), 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Elisa Falasco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, Italy—ALPSTREAM Research Centre Ostana (CN), 10123 Torino, Italy; (E.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Marina Silvi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandro Dondo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Antonia Concetta Elia
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Marino Prearo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesca Bona
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, Italy—ALPSTREAM Research Centre Ostana (CN), 10123 Torino, Italy; (E.F.); (F.B.)
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32
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Lidman J, Jonsson M, Berglund ÅMM. The effect of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) contamination on aquatic insect community composition and metamorphosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 734:139406. [PMID: 32464398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal contamination of freshwater ecosystems is a great threat to aquatic insect communities. In the past, focus has been on the toxic effects on the insect larvae, despite emerging evidence showing that negative effects can occur during metamorphosis to adults. There is therefore a risk that traditional studies on insect larvae would underestimate effect from metals. In this study, we investigated the effect of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) on aquatic insect abundance, including metamorphosis and adult emergence at 9 lakes, near an abandoned Pb/Zn mine, with different Pb and Zn concentrations in sediment and water. Further, differences in response to metal contamination among taxa, and potential community composition changes, were also investigated. Total insect abundance was not affected by metal contamination, but Zn had a negative effect on metamorphosis and proportionally less adults emerged compared to larval abundance when the bioavailable Zn concentration in water increased. The opposite pattern was found for bioavailable Pb (negative effect on larvae but not on adult emergence). All studied insect groups had similar response to metal contamination, and no change in community structure towards dominance of more tolerant taxa was observed. Our study shows that it is important to include metamorphosis when metal toxicity is evaluated in aquatic insects, and that metals can have opposite and contradicting effects. Thus, although combined cocktail effects of metal mixtures are important to assess, effects of individual metals can be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lidman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Micael Jonsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Åsa M M Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
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Nitzsche KN, Shin K, Kato Y, Kamauchi H, Takano S, Tayasu I. Magnesium and zinc stable isotopes as a new tool to understand Mg and Zn sources in stream food webs. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Nils Nitzsche
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047Japan
| | - Ki‐Cheol Shin
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kamauchi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047Japan
| | - Shotaro Takano
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047Japan
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Orłowski G, Mróz L, Kadej M, Smolis A, Tarnawski D, Karg J, Campanaro A, Bardiani M, Harvey DJ, Méndez M, Thomaes A, Vrezec A, Ziomek K, Rudecki AL, Mader D. Breaking down insect stoichiometry into chitin-based and internal elemental traits: Patterns and correlates of continent-wide intraspecific variation in the largest European saproxylic beetle. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114064. [PMID: 32443193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stoichiometric, trophic and ecotoxicological data have traditionally been acquired from patterns of variation in elemental traits of whole invertebrate bodies, whereas the critical issue of the extracellular origin of some portion of elements, such as those present in ingested food and internal organs, has been ignored. Here we investigated an unexplored, yet crucial, question relating to whether, and to what degree, metals from two major body fractions: exoskeleton (elytra) and internal (body organs with gut material present in abdomens), are correlated with each other in wild populations of the largest European saproxylic insect, the Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus, and how metals from these two fractions vary with insect size and local habitat conditions. We examined the continent-wide variation in the concentrations of 12 chemical elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, As, Cd, Pb and Ni) measured in the elytra and abdomen of specimens from 28 populations inhabiting an urban-woodland habitat gradient across the species' entire distributional range from Spain to Russia. Across populations, elemental concentrations (except Ni and Pb) were 2-13 times higher in abdominal samples than in elytra, and the magnitude of these differences was related to both insect size and local habitat conditions. Smaller individuals from both woodland and urban habitat tended to have higher concentrations of trace elements (Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Ni). The concentration of only six elements (Mg, K, Na, Mn, Cd and Ni) was correlated in the elytra and abdomen at the individual and population levels, implying a limitation to the broader applicability of elytra as a surrogate for internal elemental pools. We highlight that in non-feeding adult saproxylic beetles, minerals, acquired during the larval stage, may be concentrated in the large quantities of residual body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Orłowski
- Institute of Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bukowska 19, PL-60-809, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Lucyna Mróz
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, PL-50-328, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Marcin Kadej
- Department of Invertebrate Biology, Evolution and Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, PL-51-148, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Adrian Smolis
- Department of Invertebrate Biology, Evolution and Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, PL-51-148, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Tarnawski
- Department of Invertebrate Biology, Evolution and Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 65, PL-51-148, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Karg
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Nature Conservation, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, PL-65-516, Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Alessandro Campanaro
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Centro di ricerca Difesa e Certificazione, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Marco Bardiani
- Reparto Carabinieri Biodiversità di Verona, Centro Nazionale Carabinieri Biodiversità "Bosco Fontana", Mantova, Italy.
| | - Deborah J Harvey
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK.
| | - Marcos Méndez
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservacion, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Arno Thomaes
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussel, Belgium.
| | - Al Vrezec
- National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Krzysztof Ziomek
- Institute of Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bukowska 19, PL-60-809, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej L Rudecki
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, PL-50-328, Wrocław, Poland
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Drivers of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in Equatorial Alpine Rivers of the Rwenzoris (Uganda). WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12061668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The Sub-Saharan alpine freshwater biodiversity is currently impacted by human settlements, climate change, agriculture, and mining activities. Because of the limited biodiversity studies in the region, a better understanding is needed of the important environmental variables affecting macroinvertebrate assemblages. In this paper, macroinvertebrate diversity responses to 18 environmental variables were studied at 30 sites along unique Rwenzori rivers at the equator in Uganda. We hypothesized that anthropogenic disturbance and local environmental variables affect macroinvertebrate diversity, irrespective of altitudinal gradients. Based on altitude and climate, the sites were subdivided into three altitude groups consisting of 10 sites each: upstream (US) 1400–1600 m.a.s.l.; midstream (MS) 1091–1399 m.a.s.l., and downstream (DS) 900–1090 m.a.s.l. A total of 44 macroinvertebrate families and 1623 individuals were identified. The macroinvertebrate diversity patterns were influenced by temperature, altitude, and latitude. Regression analysis revealed that temperature and nickel, were negative predictors of taxa richness. Nickel, which is released by mining activity, is detrimental to aquatic communities in Sub-Saharan alpine ecosystems. Significant longitudinal variation in macroinvertebrate diversity was observed between the sites, which were also affected by mineral and temperature gradients. Our study highlights the need for long-term monitoring in this region to detect and reduce the threats to river biodiversity from anthropogenic activity.
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McDonald S, Cresswell T, Hassell K. Bioaccumulation kinetics of cadmium and zinc in the freshwater decapod crustacean Paratya australiensis following multiple pulse exposures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137609. [PMID: 32145633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stormwater runoff has been identified as a major source of metal contaminants in urban waterways, where during storm events organisms tend to be exposed to short-term pulses, rather than a constant exposure of contaminants. Current water quality guidelines (WQGs) are generally derived using data from continuous exposure toxicity tests, where there is an assumption that chronic exposures provide a meaningful way of assessing the impacts and effects in organisms as a result of these pulsed storm events. In this current study the radioisotopes 109Cd and 65Zn were used to explore uptake, depuration and organ distribution in the decapod crustacean Paratya australiensis, over three short-term (<10 h) exposures. Exposures to radiolabelled cadmium only, zinc only or a mixture of cadmium and zinc were followed by depuration in metal- and isotope-free water for 7 days. Whole-body metal concentrations were determined by live-animal gamma-spectrometry and an anatomical distribution of the radioisotopes was visualised using autoradiography post-mortem. Both metals were significantly accumulated over the pulsed exposure period. In both treatments cadmium and zinc body burden increased at the same rate over the three pulses. Final metal body burden did not markedly differ when shrimp were exposed to metals individually compared to a binary mixture. Over the course of the depuration period, cadmium efflux was minimal, whereas zinc efflux was significant. Autoradiography indicated the presence of both metals in the gills and hepatopancreas throughout the depuration period. These results demonstrate how short-term repeated exposures result in the accumulation of contaminants by shrimp. This study highlights the importance of considering the inclusion of pulsed toxicity tests in frameworks when deriving WQGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McDonald
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Tom Cresswell
- ANSTO, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Kathryn Hassell
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Aquatic Environmental Stress Research Group (AQUEST), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Pastorino P, Pizzul E, Bertoli M, Perilli S, Brizio P, Salvi G, Esposito G, Abete MC, Prearo M, Squadrone S. Macrobenthic invertebrates as bioindicators of trace elements in high-mountain lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5958-5970. [PMID: 31863368 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alpine lakes are extreme ecosystems located in remote areas and populated by few but well-adapted species. Because of their remote location, they are often considered pristine, unpolluted ecosystems. Since the 1980s, however, they have been affected by global anthropogenic impacts. Macrobenthic invertebrates play a pivotal role in these ecosystems and can be used as bioindicators also for monitoring the accumulation of trace elements. We characterized the macrobenthic invertebrates community of Balma Lake (Cottian Alps, Northwest Italy) and Dimon Lake (Carnic Alps, Northeast Italy) in summer and autumn and measured the levels of nine trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) in the most abundant taxa (Chironomidae and Oligochaeta in both lakes and Hirudinea in Dimon Lake) in both seasons. The highest levels of trace elements were recorded for Fe, Cu, and Zn according to their environmental availability and their function as essential elements. The total amount of trace elements was highest for the Chironomidae from both lakes compared to the other two taxa. As, Cd, Pb, and Zn were measured in sediment to calculate bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values. The amount of elements in sediment and macrobenthic invertebrates was higher for Dimon Lake, suggesting a greater flux via precipitation of contaminants from the lowland. The BAF values were decreased with increasing trace elements concentration in sediment, indicating mechanisms of elements excretion in biota where the environment is contaminated. This study is the first to report on the use of macrobenthic invertebrates to monitor trace elements in Alpine lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pastorino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Pizzul
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Bertoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Selene Perilli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Brizio
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Gianguido Salvi
- Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, via Weiss 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Cesarina Abete
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Marino Prearo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Squadrone
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
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Pastorino P, Brizio P, Abete MC, Bertoli M, Oss Noser AG, Piazza G, Prearo M, Elia AC, Pizzul E, Squadrone S. Macrobenthic invertebrates as tracers of rare earth elements in freshwater watercourses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134282. [PMID: 31505361 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are emergent contaminants in aquatic ecosystems in parallel with their growing use in science, technology, and industry. In this study we measured the concentration of 16 REEs in freshwater marcobenthic invertebrates from 6 watercourses in northeast Italy to determine their potential use as ecological tracers of REEs in aquatic ecosystems. The total REE concentration at the sampling sites followed this order: site 6 (7.05 mg Kg-1) > site 3 (5.76 mg Kg-1) > site 4 (3.58 mg Kg-1) > site 1 (3.0 mg Kg-1) > site 5 (2.36 mg Kg-1) > site 2 (1.95 mg Kg-1). There were no significant differences in REE concentrations across the six samplings sites (Kruskal Wallis test, p = 0.1773), but two (site 3 and 6) had higher amount of REEs and were classified with the ecological status "Moderate" sensu Water Framework Directive since affected by anthropogenic activities. Light REE were always greater than heavy REE concentrations at all six sites. A positive correlation was observed between certain REEs (La, Ce, Gd) and the density of genera Caenis and Baetis (Ehemeroptera, collector-gatherers) (ρS range 0.795-0.812), suggesting that non-predatory macrobenthic invertebrates accumulate more REEs than predatory organisms and that the intake of sediment is the most effective route of assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pastorino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy; The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | - Paola Brizio
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Cesarina Abete
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Bertoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Giulia Oss Noser
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Piazza
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Friuli-Venezia Giulia (ARPA FVG), via Colugna 42, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marino Prearo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Antonia Concetta Elia
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pizzul
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Squadrone
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy
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Fletcher DE, Lindell AH, Stankus PT, Fletcher ND, Lindell BE, McArthur JV. Metal accumulation in dragonfly nymphs and crayfish as indicators of constructed wetland effectiveness. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113387. [PMID: 31677879 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetland effectiveness is often assessed by measuring reductions of contaminant concentrations in influent versus departing effluent, but this can be complicated by fluctuations in contaminant content/chemistry and hydrology. We assessed effectiveness of a constructed wetland at protecting downstream biota from accumulating elevated metal concentrations-particularly copper and zinc in effluents from a nuclear materials processing facility. Contaminants distributed throughout a constructed wetland system and two reference wetlands were assessed using six dragonfly nymph genera (Anax, Erythemis, Libellula, Pachydiplax, Tramea, and Plathemis) as biomonitors. Additionally, the crayfish, Cambarus latimanus, were analyzed from the receiving and two reference streams. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, Cd, and Al were evaluated in 597 dragonfly nymph and 149 crayfish whole-body composite samples. Dragonfly genera varied substantially in metal accumulation and the ability to identify elevated metal levels throughout components of the constructed wetland. Genera more closely associated with bottom sediments tended to accumulate higher levels of metals with Libellula, Pachydiplax, and Erythemis often accumulating highest concentrations and differing most among sites. This, combined with their abundance and broad distributions make the latter two species suitable candidates as biomonitors for constructed wetlands. As expected, dragonfly nymphs accumulated higher metal concentrations in the constructed wetland than reference sites. However, dragonfly nymphs often accumulated as high of metal concentrations downstream as upstream of the water treatment cells. Moreover, crayfish from the receiving stream near the constructed wetland accumulated substantially higher Cu concentrations than from downstream locations or reference streams. Despite reducing metal concentrations at base flow and maintaining regulatory compliance, metal fluxes from the wetland were sufficient to increase accumulation in downstream biota. Future work should evaluate the causes of downstream accumulation as the next step necessary to develop plans to improve the metal sequestering efficiency of the wetland under variable flow regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean E Fletcher
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
| | - Angela H Lindell
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
| | - Paul T Stankus
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
| | - Nathaniel D Fletcher
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
| | - Brooke E Lindell
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
| | - J Vaun McArthur
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P. O. Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA.
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Jones JI, Murphy JF, Collins AL, Spencer KL, Rainbow PS, Arnold A, Pretty JL, Moorhouse AML, Aguilera V, Edwards P, Parsonage F, Potter H, Whitehouse P. The Impact of Metal-Rich Sediments Derived from Mining on Freshwater Stream Life. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 248:111-189. [PMID: 30671689 DOI: 10.1007/398_2018_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-rich sediments have the potential to impair life in freshwater streams and rivers and, thereby, to inhibit recovery of ecological conditions after any remediation of mine water discharges. Sediments remain metal-rich over long time periods and have long-term potential ecotoxicological interactions with local biota, unless the sediments themselves are physically removed or replaced by less metal-rich sediment. Laboratory-derived environmental quality standards are difficult to apply to the field situation, as many complicating factors exist in the real world. Therefore, there is a strong case to consider other, field-relevant, measures of toxic effects as alternatives to laboratory-derived standards and to seek better biological tools to detect, diagnose and ideally predict community-level ecotoxicological impairment. Hence, this review concentrated on field measures of toxic effects of metal-rich sediment in freshwater streams, with less emphasis on laboratory-based toxicity testing approaches. To this end, this review provides an overview of the impact of metal-rich sediments on freshwater stream life, focusing on biological impacts linked to metal contamination.
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Cain DJ, Croteau MN, Fuller CC. Competitive interactions among H, Cu, and Zn ions moderate aqueous uptake of Cu and Zn by an aquatic insect. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113220. [PMID: 31546121 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The absorption of aqueous copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) by aquatic insects, a group widely used to assess water quality, is unresolved. This study examined interactions among Cu, Zn, and protons that potentially moderate Cu and Zn uptake by the acid-tolerant stonefly Zapada sp. Saturation uptake kinetics were imposed to identify competitive mechanisms. Decreasing pH reduced the maximum transport capacity, Jmax, in both metals, had little effect on the Cu dissociation constant, KD, and increased the Zn KD. Partial noncompetitive (Cu) and partial mixed competitive (Zn) inhibitor models most closely tracked the observed Cu and Zn influx rates across pH treatments. The estimated values for acid dissociation constants for the binary (proton-receptor) and ternary (proton-metal-receptor) complexes indicated the strong inhibitory effect of protons on Cu and Zn. In neutral pH water, Cu inhibited Zn influx, but Zn had little effect on Cu influx. The mechanism of Cu-Zn interaction was not identified. Results from separate Zn experiments suggested that the insect's developmental stage may affect the apparent Jmax. The study underscores some of the challenges of modeling metal bioaccumulation and informs future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Cain
- U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - M-N Croteau
- U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - C C Fuller
- U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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Meland S, Gomes T, Petersen K, Håll J, Lund E, Kringstad A, Grung M. Road related pollutants induced DNA damage in dragonfly nymphs (Odonata, Anisoptera) living in highway sedimentation ponds. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16002. [PMID: 31690746 PMCID: PMC6831790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, stormwater sedimentation ponds are popular in stormwater management because of their ability to mitigate flooding and treat polluted runoff from e.g. roads. In addition, they may provide other ecosystem services such as biodiversity. These man-made habitats will inevitably be polluted and the organisms living therein may be negatively affected by the chemical cocktail present in both the water and sediment compartments. The present study explored DNA damage in dragonfly nymphs (Odonata, Anisoptera) living in highway sedimentation ponds in comparison with natural ponds. The concentrations of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylated PAHs and metals were also determined in sediment samples from the different ponds. The results showed that DNA damage was significantly higher in dragonfly nymphs living in sedimentation ponds compared to nymphs living in natural ponds. DNA damage was also highly and significantly correlated with the pollution levels in the sediment, i.e., PAH and Zinc. Finally, we report the concentrations of various alkylated PAHs which appeared to be very dominant in the sedimentation ponds. Our results show that there may be a conflict between the sedimentation ponds’ primary function of protecting natural water bodies from polluted runoff and their secondary function as habitats for organisms. Overall, we suggest that this must be considered when planning and designing stormwater measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondre Meland
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, PO 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karina Petersen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johnny Håll
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Lund
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alfhild Kringstad
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Grung
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
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O'Callaghan I, Harrison S, Fitzpatrick D, Sullivan T. The freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus as a model biomonitor of environmental pollution: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:498-509. [PMID: 31276864 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic substances pollute freshwater systems worldwide, with serious, long-lasting effects to aquatic biota. Present methods of detecting elevated levels of trace metal pollutants are typically accurate but expensive, and therefore not suitable for applications requiring high spatial resolution. Additionally, these methods are not efficient solutions for the determination of long-term averages of pollution concentration. This is the rationale for the implementation of a biomonitoring programme as an alternative means of pollutant detection. This review summarises recent literature concerning the past and potential uses of the benthic isopod Asellus aquaticus as a biomonitor for pollution in freshwater systems. Recent studies indicate that A. aquaticus is well suited for this purpose. However, the mechanisms by which it bioaccumulates toxins have yet to be fully understood. In particular, the interactions between coexisting trace metal pollutants in the aquatic environment have only recently been considered, and it remains unclear how a biomonitoring programme should adapt to the effects of these interactions. It is evident that failing to account for these additional stressors will result in an ineffective biomonitoring programme; for this reason, a comprehensive understanding of the bioaccumulation mechanisms is required in order to reliably anticipate the effects of any interferences on the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene O'Callaghan
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland; School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Simon Harrison
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Timothy Sullivan
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Ireland.
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Nitzsche KN, Kato Y, Shin KC, Tayasu I. Magnesium isotopes reveal bedrock impacts on stream organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:243-252. [PMID: 31229821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium is an essential element to aquatic organisms and understanding the origin of Mg is important for understanding their growth. Ultimately, Mg in streams is derived from the chemical weathering of bedrock in the catchment. In this study, we used Mg stable isotope ratios (δ26Mg) to test whether stream organisms reflect lithological sources in stream catchments. In November 2017 and May 2018, we sampled aquatic insects and small gobies from six temperate streams in the Lake Biwa area (central Japan). Three of these streams had up to 38% limestone in their catchment (limestone streams), and three streams lacked limestone (non-limestone streams). We hypothesised that stream organisms from limestone streams had significantly lower δ26Mg values compared to those of the same organisms from non-limestone streams. Aquatic insects from limestone streams had an average of 0.78‰ lower δ26Mg values than those of the same organisms from non-limestone streams, thereby indicating a lithological control on the δ26Mg of aquatic insects. Aquatic insects often showed an offset to higher δ26Mg values compared to those of stream water, thereby pointing to a 26Mg-enriched diet as an additional Mg source to water and/or Mg isotope fractionation during Mg accumulation. Instead, stream water was the main Mg source for small gobies, as their bones reflected the δ26Mg of water. We concluded that δ26Mg could trace Mg sources of aquatic organisms, and the same methodology can be applied to other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Nils Nitzsche
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan.
| | - Ki-Cheol Shin
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan.
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Orłowski G, Karg J, Kamiński P, Baszyński J, Szady-Grad M, Ziomek K, Klawe JJ. Edge effect imprint on elemental traits of plant-invertebrate food web components of oilseed rape fields. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:1285-1294. [PMID: 31412462 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Of fundamental importance for the functioning of a community is the flow of energy and elements through its components. However, the question of how (if at all) the edge effect of habitats can drive elemental traits of organisms has hitherto been largely neglected issue in ecosystem ecology at the community level. We quantified the abundance of invertebrates and measured the elemental composition (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, As, Cd, Co and Pb) of 15 different organisms within the plant-invertebrate food web (plant - oilseed rape pests/herbivores - pollinators = wild bees - saprovores - predators - parasitoids) sampled in 34 fields of a key bioenergy crop that is an exceptionally strong biodiversity driver, the oilseed rape. Then these were related to the individual field edge habitat features (including typically anthropogenic ones like dirt and tarred roads) measured within a 100 m radius around the invertebrate sampling sites. Our study showed that elemental traits of the plant-invertebrate food web components in oilseed rape crops varied owing to the habitat specificity determined at the relatively small spatial scale of an individual field, and that the elemental traits of these organisms differed from both an inter- and an intra-guild perspective. The major mechanistic explanation for most of these relationships seems to derive from the secondary gut content effect. Determining one single state for the homeostatic/stoichiometric regulation of chemical elements in invertebrates based on the application of whole-body metal concentrations is in principle impossible, because of the unknown noise caused by the inclusion of extracellular portions of metals in the analysis. It is thus imperative to develop consistent principles for assessing elemental traits of organisms that are based on highly sensitive and high-throughput analytical methods for the ionomic profiling of microsamples at the organ, tissue, cellular or even sub-cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Orłowski
- Institute of Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bukowska 19, 60-809 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Karg
- Department of Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowska-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Baszyński
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowska-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szady-Grad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ziomek
- Institute of Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bukowska 19, 60-809 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek J Klawe
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Skłodowska-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Dar MI, Green ID, Khan FA. Trace metal contamination: Transfer and fate in food chains of terrestrial invertebrates. FOOD WEBS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2019.e00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Schrögel P, Wätjen W. Insects for Food and Feed-Safety Aspects Related to Mycotoxins and Metals. Foods 2019; 8:E288. [PMID: 31357435 PMCID: PMC6724024 DOI: 10.3390/foods8080288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible insects as an alternative source of protein are discussed as an important contribution to future feed and food security. However, it has to be ensured that the consumption is non-hazardous. This systematic review summarizes findings concerning contaminations of insects with mycotoxins and heavy metal ions (SciFinder, Pubmed, until 26 June 2019). Both kinds of contaminants were reported to reduce growth performance and increase mortality in insects. There was no evidence for accumulation of various mycotoxins analyzed in distinct insect species. However, further research is necessary due to limitation of data. Since the gut content contributes relevantly to the total body burden of contaminants in insects, a starving period before harvesting is recommended. Contrary, accumulation of heavy metal ions occurred to a varying extent dependent on metal type, insect species, and developmental stage. Examples are the accumulation of cadmium (black soldier fly) and arsenic (yellow mealworm). The reported species-specific accumulation and metabolism patterns of contaminants emphasize the importance to assess potential safety hazards in a case-by-case approach. Subject to regular monitoring of contaminants, the general ban in the European Union to use waste in animal feed should also be questioned regarding insect farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Schrögel
- Postgraduate Course for Toxicology and Environmental Toxicology, Institute for Legal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 28, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wim Wätjen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Kotalik CJ, Clements WH. Stream Mesocosm Experiments Show Significant Differences in Sensitivity of Larval and Emerging Adults to Metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8362-8370. [PMID: 31184880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Evaluations of aquatic insect responses to contaminants typically use larval life stages to characterize taxa sensitivity, but the effects of contaminants to emerging terrestrial adults have received less attention. We present the results of two stream mesocosm experiments that exposed aquatic insects to mixtures of Cu and Zn. We compared responses of larvae and emerging adults in a single-species experiment with the mayfly Rhithrogena robusta and a benthic community experiment. Results showed that R. robusta larvae and emerging adults were highly tolerant of metals. In the benthic community experiment, larval and emerging adult life stages of the mayfly Baetidae were highly sensitive to metals exposure, with significant alterations in adult sex ratios. In contrast, the emergence of Chironomidae (midge) was unaffected, but larval abundance strongly decreased. Timing of adult emergence was significantly different among treatments and varied among taxa, with emergence stimulation in Chironomidae and delays in emergence in R. robusta and Simuliidae (black fly). Our results demonstrate that metal tolerance in aquatic insects is life stage dependent and that taxa sensitivity is influenced by a combination of physiology and phylogeny. Regulatory frameworks would benefit by including test results that account for effects of contaminants on metamorphosis and adult insect emergence for the development of aquatic life standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Kotalik
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology , Colorado State University Fort Collins , Colorado 80521 , United States
| | - William H Clements
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology , Colorado State University Fort Collins , Colorado 80521 , United States
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Ozaki S, Fritsch C, Valot B, Mora F, Cornier T, Scheifler R, Raoul F. How Do Richness and Composition of Diet Shape Trace Metal Exposure in a Free-Living Generalist Rodent, Apodemus sylvaticus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:5977-5986. [PMID: 31002242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b07194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of terrestrial mammals to chemical contaminants like trace metals (TMs) is considered to be mainly based on trophic transfer. Although relationships between TM transfer to animals and identity of contaminated food have been studied, the variation of the TM transfer with respect to diet diversity has been poorly documented. In this study, the oral exposure to TMs of wood mice Apodemus sylvaticus was investigated with respect to both the number of different items, i.e., diet richness, and the identity of items determined by metabarcoding from their stomach content, i.e., diet composition. The results showed that consuming Salicaceae, a known cadmium accumulator plant family, significantly increased exposure to cadmium and zinc. However, an increase in diet richness minimized exposure to cadmium when mice consumed Salicaceae items. This strongly suggests that TM accumulator items can lead to a high oral exposure to TMs but that such high exposure due to TM accumulator items can be " diluted" by diet richness due to other low accumulator items. Our results clearly indicate that both the presence of certain items in the diet and diet richness are important determinants of exposure to TMs in generalist animals, which matches the predictions of the " diet dilution hypothesis".
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Ozaki
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement , UMR 6249 CNRS/Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté UsC INRA , 16 Route de Gray , 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Clémentine Fritsch
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement , UMR 6249 CNRS/Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté UsC INRA , 16 Route de Gray , 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Benoit Valot
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement , UMR 6249 CNRS/Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté UsC INRA , 16 Route de Gray , 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Mora
- Conservatoire Botanique National de Franche-Comté, Observatoire Régional des Invertébrés , 7 Rue Voirin , 25000 Besançon , France
| | - Thierry Cornier
- Centre Régional de Phytosociologie Agréé Conservatoire Botanique National de Bailleul , Hameau de Haendries , F-59270 Bailleul , France
| | - Renaud Scheifler
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement , UMR 6249 CNRS/Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté UsC INRA , 16 Route de Gray , 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Francis Raoul
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement , UMR 6249 CNRS/Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté UsC INRA , 16 Route de Gray , 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
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Alric B, Geffard O, Chandesris A, Ferréol M, François A, Perceval O, Piffady J, Villeneuve B, Chaumot A. Multisubstance Indicators Based on Caged Gammarus Bioaccumulation Reveal the Influence of Chemical Contamination on Stream Macroinvertebrate Abundances across France. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:5906-5915. [PMID: 31046249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Most anthropogenic stressors affecting freshwater systems are qualitatively known. However, the quantitative assessment of contaminant exposure and effects to aquatic communities is still difficult, limiting the understanding of consequences on aquatic ecosystem functioning and the implementation of effective management plans. Here, multisubstance indicators based on caged gammarid bioaccumulated contamination data are proposed (for metals and persistent organic pollutants, POPs) to map the bioavailable contamination level of freshwater ecosystems at a large spatial scale. We assessed the ability of these indicators to highlight the relationships between chemical exposure gradients and alteration in the abundance of macroinvertebrate populations on a data set of 218 watercourses distributed throughout France. We identified spatial regional heterogeneities in the levels of bioavailable contamination of metals (18 compounds) and POPs (43 compounds). Besides this, a degradation of Gammaridae, Ephemeridae, and Hydrobiidae densities with increasing levels of metal contamination are identified relative to Baetidae, Chironomidae, and Hydropsychidae. We show here that active biomonitoring allows the establishment of multisubstance indicators of bioavailable contamination, which reliably quantify chemical exposure gradients in freshwater ecosystems. Our ability to identify species-specific responses to chemical exposure gradients demonstrates the promising possibility to further decipher the effects of chemical contamination on macroinvertebrate assemblages through this type of indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Perceval
- Agence Française Pour La Biodiversité , site de Vincennes, 5 Square Felix Nadar , 94300 Vincennes , France
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