1
|
Alcohol brings burdens: A global and continent wise study on alcohol consumption and global burden of diseases. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270998. [PMID: 35901092 PMCID: PMC9333294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This article investigates alcohol consumption attributable burden of diseases. The present study considers the overall effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Socio Demographic Index (SDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for income to measure how these variables impact Global Burden of Diseases (GDB), bringing a different perspective to the results. Data from over 177 countries mainly including European, Asian, North American, South American, African and Australian regions were analysed from 2000 to 2019. A Panel regression technique was applied, and Fixed Effects (FE) and Random Effects (RE) estimations were chosen to derive outcomes of the Hausman test. The findings reflected that alcohol consumption (wine, beer, spirit and other alcohol) has a positive significant relationship with the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) globally and in the African continent excluding North America and South America. Human Development Index (HDI) have a negative impact on GBD on all countries. Particularly HDI have a negative impact on GBD in African continent except other continents. Also, in the African continent and globally, GBD has a significant positive and in Europe, a significant negative impact on the Socio Demographic Index (SDI). The findings demonstrate the overall picture of the impact of alcohol consumption and other variables on GBD and provide suggestions on how these variables should be tackled in the future to reduce GBD. This is the initial empirical study that investigates the impact of alcohol consumption, analysing the combined effect of HDI, SDI and income on the GBD of continent wise and globally.
Collapse
|
2
|
Employment status, gender and hazardous alcohol use: National Health Survey, 2013. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
3
|
Cook WK, Li L, Greenfield TK, Patterson D, Naimi T, Xuan Z, Karriker-Jaffe KJ. State Alcohol Policies, Binge Drinking Prevalence, Socioeconomic Environments and Alcohol's Harms to Others: A Mediation Analysis. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:360-367. [PMID: 32790857 PMCID: PMC8085366 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alcohol policy effects on alcohol's harms due to others' drinking (AHTO) and contextual factors that may mediate such policy effects have been understudied. This study examines state binge drinking prevalence as a mediator of the relationship between state alcohol policy and socioeconomic environments and individual-level AHTO. METHODS A nationally representative sample of US adults (N = 32,401; 13,873 males, 18,528 females) from the 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 National Alcohol Surveys and the 2015 National Alcohol's Harm to Others Survey, administered in telephone interviews and based on random digit dialed sampling, were linked with state-level Alcohol Policy Scale (APS) scores, binge drinking prevalence and socioeconomic status (SES) data. Three 12-month AHTO measures were family/marriage difficulties, assault or vandalism and riding with drunk driver or having traffic accident. Three-level mediation analyses were conducted, controlling for gender, race, education, marital status, family problem-drinking history and state policing rate. RESULTS The effects of the APS on reduced risks for assault/vandalism and drinking-driving harms were significantly mediated by reduced state binge drinking prevalence. The APS had no direct or indirect effect on family/marital trouble. State SES had significant indirect effects on increased risks for assault/vandalism and driving-related harm through increased state binge drinking prevalence and a direct effect on reduced family/marital problems. CONCLUSIONS A more stringent alcohol policy environment could reduce assault/vandalism and driving-related harm due to another drinker by lowering state binge drinking rates. Alcohol policies may not be effective in reducing family problems caused by another drinker more prevalent in low-SES states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Kim Cook
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St. Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St. Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Thomas K Greenfield
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St. Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Deidre Patterson
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St. Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Timothy Naimi
- Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., 2 Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ziming Xuan
- Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St. Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Katherine J Karriker-Jaffe
- Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 6001 Shellmound St. Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Classifying Alcohol Control Policies with Respect to Expected Changes in Consumption and Alcohol-Attributable Harm: The Example of Lithuania, 2000-2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052419. [PMID: 33801260 PMCID: PMC7967552 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high levels of alcohol use, alcohol-attributable mortality and burden of disease, and detrimental drinking patterns, Lithuania implemented a series of alcohol control policies within a relatively short period of time, between 2008 and 2019. Based on their expected impact on alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable harm, as well as their target population, these policies have been classified using a set of objective criteria and expert opinion. The classification criteria included: positive vs. negative outcomes, mainly immediate vs. delayed outcomes, and general population vs. specific group outcomes. The judgement of the alcohol policy experts converged on the objective criteria, and, as a result, two tiers of intervention were identified: Tier 1—highly effective general population interventions with an anticipated immediate impact; Tier 2—other interventions aimed at the general population. In addition, interventions directed at specific populations were identified. This adaptable methodological approach to alcohol control policy classification is intended to provide guidance and support for the evaluation of alcohol policies elsewhere, to lay the foundation for the critical assessment of the policies to improve health and increase life expectancy, and to reduce crime and violence.
Collapse
|
5
|
Trias-Llimós S, Bosque-Prous M, Obradors-Rial N, Teixidó-Compañó E, Belza MJ, Janssen F, Espelt A. Alcohol and educational inequalities: Hazardous drinking prevalence and all-cause mortality by hazardous drinking group in people aged 50 and older in Europe. Subst Abus 2020; 43:152-160. [PMID: 32543303 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2020.1773597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: We examined educational inequalities in hazardous drinking prevalence among individuals aged 50 or more in 14 European countries, and explored educational inequalities in mortality in hazardous drinkers in European regions. Methods: We analyzed data from waves 4, 5 and 6 of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). We estimated age-standardized hazardous drinking prevalence, and prevalence ratios (PR) of hazardous drinking by country and educational level using Poisson regression models with robust variance. We estimated the relative index of inequality (RII) for all-cause mortality among hazardous drinkers and non-hazardous drinkers using Cox proportional hazards regression models and for each region (North, South, East and West). Results: In men, educational inequalities in hazardous drinking were not observed (PRmedium = 1.09 [95%CI: 0.98-1.21] and PRhigh = 0.99 [95%CI: 0.88-1.10], ref. low), while in they were observed in women, having the highest hazardous drinking prevalence in the highest educational levels (PRmedium = 1.28 [95%CI: 1.15-1.42] and PRhigh = 1.53 [95%CI: 1.36-1.72]). Overall, the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) in all-cause mortality among hazardous drinkers was 1.12 [95%CI: 1.03-1.22] among men and 1.10 [95%CI: 0.97-1.25] among women. Educational inequalities among hazardous drinkers were observed in Eastern Europe for both men (RIIhazardous = 1.21 [95%CI: 1.01-1.45]) and women (RIIhazardous = 1.46 [95%CI: 1.13-1.87]). Educational inequalities in mortality among non-hazardous drinkers were observed in Southern, Western and Eastern Europe among men, and in Eastern Europe among women. Conclusions: Higher educational attainment is positively associated with hazardous drinking prevalence among women, but not among men in most of the analyzed European countries. Clear educational inequalities in mortality among hazardous drinkers were only observed in Eastern Europe. Further research on the associations between alcohol use and inequalities in all-cause mortality in different regions is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Trias-Llimós
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Obradors-Rial
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut de Manresa, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVicUCC), Manresa, Spain
| | - Ester Teixidó-Compañó
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut de Manresa, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVicUCC), Manresa, Spain
| | - Maria José Belza
- Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fanny Janssen
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW/University of Groningen, The Hague, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Espelt
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut de Manresa, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVicUCC), Manresa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sandoval G, Monteiro M, De Pinho Campos K, Shield K, Marinho F. Sociodemographics, lifestyle factors and health status indicators associated with alcohol consumption and related behaviours: a Brazilian population-based analysis. Public Health 2020; 178:49-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
7
|
Bratberg GH, Haugland SH. Commentary on Livingston et al. (2018): Change in gender ratios, what do they signify? Addiction 2018; 113:2029-2030. [PMID: 30230084 DOI: 10.1111/add.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grete H Bratberg
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | - Siri H Haugland
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science, Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zaidi Touis L, Bolbrinker J, Riemer TG, Kreutz R. Moderation of alcohol consumption as a recommendation in European hypertension management guidelines: a survey on awareness, screening and implementation among European physicians. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022026. [PMID: 30344170 PMCID: PMC6196817 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Moderation of alcohol consumption is included as a class I, level of evidence A recommendation in the current European guidelines for the management of hypertension. We investigated its awareness and self-reported implementation among European physicians across different specialties and workplaces. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional survey study conducted in two annual German meetings (German Society of Cardiology and the German Society of Internal Medicine) and two annual European meetings (European Society of Hypertension and European Society Cardiology) in 2015. PARTICIPANTS 1064 physicians attending the European meetings were interviewed including 52.1% cardiologists, 29.2% internists and 8.8% general practitioners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Physician screening of alcohol consumption, awareness and self-implementation of the recommendation of the current European guidelines about moderation of alcohol consumption for the management of hypertension. RESULTS Overall, 81.9% of physicians reported to generally quantify alcohol consumption in patients with hypertension. However, only 28.6% and 14.5% of participants reported screening alcohol consumption in their patients with newly detected or treatment-resistant hypertension. Physicians recommended a maximum alcohol intake of 13.1±11.7 g/day for women (95% CI 12.3 to 13.8) and 19.9±15.6 g/day for men (95% CI 18.8 to 20.9). In case of moderate to high alcohol consumption, 10.3% would manage only hypertension without addressing alcohol consumption, while 3.7% of the physicians would do so in case of alcohol dependence (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The average amount of alcohol intake per day recommended by European physicians in this survey was in agreement with the guidelines. The low number of physicians that screen for alcohol consumption in patients with newly detected and with treatment-resistant hypertension indicates an important deficit in the management of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laila Zaidi Touis
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut fur Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Bolbrinker
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut fur Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Günther Riemer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut fur Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut fur Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Valery PC, Laversanne M, Clark PJ, Petrick JL, McGlynn KA, Bray F. Projections of primary liver cancer to 2030 in 30 countries worldwide. Hepatology 2018; 67:600-611. [PMID: 28859220 PMCID: PMC5832532 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer death. Future predictions can inform health planners and raise awareness of the need for cancer control action. We predicted the future burden of PLC in 30 countries around 2030. Incident cases of PLC (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, C22) were obtained from 30 countries for 1993-2007. We projected new PLC cases to 2030 using age-period-cohort models (NORDPRED software). Age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated by country and sex. Increases in new cases and rates of PLC are projected in both sexes. The largest increases in rates are, among men, in Norway (2.9% per annum), US whites (2.6%), and Canada (2.4%) and, among women, in the United States (blacks 4.0%), Switzerland (3.4%), and Germany (3.0%). The projected declines are in China, Japan, Singapore, and parts of Europe (e.g., Estonia, Czech Republic, Slovakia). A 35% increase in the number of new cases annually is expected compared to 2005. This increasing burden reflects both increasing rates (and the underlying prevalence of risk factors) and demographic changes. Japan is the only country with a predicted decline in the net number of cases and annual rates by 2030. Conclusion: Our reporting of a projected increase in PLC incidence to 2030 in 30 countries serves as a baseline for anticipated declines in the longer term through the control of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections by vaccination and treatment; however, the prospect that rising levels of obesity and its metabolic complications may lead to an increased risk of PLC that potentially offsets these gains is a concern. (Hepatology 2018;67:600-611).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C. Valery
- Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston QLD 4006, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Mathieu Laversanne
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert-Thomas 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Paul J. Clark
- Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston QLD 4006, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102
| | - Jessica L. Petrick
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Freddie Bray
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert-Thomas 69372 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gémes K, Malmo V, Laugsand LE, Loennechen JP, Ellekjaer H, László KD, Ahnve S, Vatten LJ, Mukamal KJ, Janszky I. Does Moderate Drinking Increase the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation? The Norwegian HUNT (Nord-Trøndelag Health) Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e007094. [PMID: 29054845 PMCID: PMC5721892 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling evidence suggests that excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), but the effect of light-moderate alcohol consumption is less certain. We investigated the association between alcohol consumption within recommended limits and AF risk in a light-drinking population. METHODS AND RESULTS Among 47 002 participants with information on alcohol consumption in a population-based cohort study in Norway, conducted from October 2006 to June 2008, 1697 validated AF diagnoses were registered during the 8 years of follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazard models with fractional polynomials to analyze the association between alcohol intake and AF. Population attributable risk for drinking within the recommended limit (ie, at most 1 drink per day for women and 2 drinks per day for men without risky drinking) compared with nondrinking was also calculated. The average alcohol intake was 3.8±4.8 g/d. The adjusted hazard ratio for AF was 1.38 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.80) when we compared participants consuming >7 drinks per week with abstainers. When we modeled the quantity of alcohol intake as a continuous variable, the risk increased in a curvilinear manner. It was higher with heavier alcohol intake, but there was virtually no association at <1 drink per day for women and <2 drinks per day for men in the absence of risky drinking. The population attributable risk among nonrisky drinkers was 0.07% (95% confidence interval, -0.01% to 0.13%). CONCLUSIONS Although alcohol consumption was associated with a curvilinearly increasing risk of AF in general, the attributable risk of alcohol consumption within recommended limits among participants without binge or problem drinking was negligible in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gémes
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vegard Malmo
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Erik Laugsand
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Pål Loennechen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanne Ellekjaer
- Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Stroke Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Krisztina D László
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Staffan Ahnve
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars J Vatten
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Imre Janszky
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Regional Center for Health Care Improvement, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Podstawski R, Wesołowska E, Choszcz D. Trends in alcohol drinking among university students at the Polish University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2017; 34:430-441. [PMID: 32934503 PMCID: PMC7450853 DOI: 10.1177/1455072517709919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This article presents cross-sectional data collected from the population of first-year students at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn in 2000–2016. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in the following trends among university students after Poland’s accession to the European Union (2004): (1) alcohol consumption, (2) alcoholic beverage preferences, and (3) attitudes towards alcohol. Method: The study relied on data from anonymous surveys conducted every two years between 2000 and 2016 among a representative sample of first-year university students. A total of 9778 individuals (4264 males and 5514 females) completed anonymous questionnaires during the period under analysis. Statistical analyses were performed by comparing the frequency of answers given by male and female students in the first and last year of the study. Results: There was a steady linear decrease in the percentages of abstainers of both genders and a regular linear increase in the number of female students abusing alcohol to blackout level in the analysed period of 2000 to 2016. The respondents’ preferences for alcohol brands became more diversified (with foreign types of strong liquors becoming more popular), and their attitudes towards alcohol availability on campus were liberalised. Conclusions: Our data complement the gaps in empirical research on alcohol consumption among university students in European countries. They point to greater homogenisation of Polish drinking culture and convergence in male and female drinking behaviours.
Collapse
|
12
|
Fuentes S, Bilal U, Galán I, Villalbí JR, Espelt A, Bosque-Prous M, Franco M, Lazo M. Binge drinking and well-being in European older adults: do gender and region matter? Eur J Public Health 2017; 27:692-699. [PMID: 28431128 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to describe gender and region differences in the prevalence of binge drinking and in the association between binge drinking and well-being, among older adult Europeans. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) wave 4, conducted between 2011 and 2012, including 58 489 individuals aged 50 years or older. Sixteen European countries were grouped in four drinking culture regions: South, Central, North and East. We categorized drinking patterns as: never, former, no-binge and binge drinkers. We used the CASP-12 questionnaire to measure well-being. To assess the association between binge drinking and well-being, we fitted two-level mixed effects linear models. Results The highest percentage of binge drinkers was found in Central Europe (17.25% in men and 5.05% in women) and the lowest in Southern Europe (9.74% in men and 2.34% in women). Former, never and binge drinkers had a significant negative association with well-being as compared with no-binge drinkers. There was a significant interaction in this association by gender and region. Overall, associations were generally stronger in women and in Southern and Eastern Europe. The negative association of binge drinking with well-being was especially strong in Southern European women (β = -3.80, 95% CI: -5.16 to - 2.44, P value <0.001). Conclusion In Southern and Eastern European countries the association between binge drinking and well-being is stronger, especially in women, compared with Northern and Central Europe. Cultural factors (such as tolerance to drunkenness) should be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Fuentes
- Area de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Grupo de Epidemiología Social y Cardiovascular, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Madrid, Spain
| | - Usama Bilal
- Area de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Grupo de Epidemiología Social y Cardiovascular, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Iñaki Galán
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, National Centre for Epidemiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan R Villalbí
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Espelt
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Franco
- Area de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Grupo de Epidemiología Social y Cardiovascular, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mariana Lazo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Karamouzian M, Mirzazadeh A, Rawat A, Shokoohi M, Haghdoost AA, Sedaghat A, Shahesmaeili A, Sharifi H. Injection drug use among female sex workers in Iran: Findings from a nationwide bio-behavioural survey. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2017; 44:86-91. [PMID: 28478309 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, one in three women who inject drugs is involved in sex work which increases their vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections including HIV. This study was conducted to improve our understanding of injection drug use practices among Iranian female sex workers (FSWs) and shed light on the high-risk profile of FSWs who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs). METHODS This survey was conducted in 2010, by recruiting 872 FSWs through facility-based sampling from 21 sites in 13 cities in Iran. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and lifetime injection drug use was assessed through the responses to the question "Have you ever injected any illicit drugs?". Independent variables included a range of socio-demographic and risk characteristics. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate the correlates of lifetime history of injection drug use. RESULTS Median (Q1, Q3) age of the participants was 30 (25, 37) and a total of 127 (14.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.3-17.1) had ever injected drugs. In the multivariable logistic regression model, older age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=AOR25-34 vs. <18=3.37, 95% CI: 1.64, 7.70; AOR≥35 vs. <18=2.80, 95% CI: 1.11, 7.10), longer duration (>5 years) of involvement in sex work (AOR=1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10), and history of drinking alcohol (AOR=4.42, 95% CI: 2.67, 7.32) were positively associated with lifetime history of drug injection and younger age at sex work debut (AOR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.96) was negatively associated with lifetime history of illicit drug injection among FSWs. CONCLUSION The prevalence of injection drug use among FSWs in Iran is concerning. Given the potential of this sub-population in bridging HIV into the general population, gender-sensitive and peer-led harm reduction programs should be further scaled up to meet the special needs of this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karamouzian
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ali Mirzazadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Angeli Rawat
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mostafa Shokoohi
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali A Haghdoost
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Sedaghat
- Center for Disease Control (CDC), Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Shahesmaeili
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Sharifi
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Göbel K, Scheithauer H, Bräker AB, Jonkman H, Soellner R. Substance Use Patterns Among Adolescents in Europe: A Latent Class Analysis. Subst Use Misuse 2016; 51:1130-8. [PMID: 27192400 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2016.1160120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several researchers have investigated substance use patterns using a latent class analysis; however, hardly no studies exist on substance use patterns across countries. OBJECTIVES Adolescent substance use patterns, demographic factors, and international differences in the prevalence of substance use patterns were explored. METHODS Data from 25 European countries were used to identify patterns of adolescent (12-16 years, 50.6% female) substance use (N = 33,566). RESULTS Latent class analysis revealed four substance use classes: nonusers (68%), low-alcohol users (recent use of beer, wine, and alcopops; 16.1%), alcohol users (recent use of alcohol and lifetime use of marijuana; 11.2%), and polysubstance users (recent use of alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs; 4.7%). Results support a general pattern of adolescent substance use across all countries; however, the prevalence rates of use patterns vary for each country. CONCLUSIONS/IMPORTANCE The present research provides insight into substance use patterns across Europe by using a large international adolescent sample, multidimensional indicators and a variety of substances. Substance use patterns are helpful when targeting policy and prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Göbel
- a Department of Educational Science and Psychology , Freie Universitat Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Herbert Scheithauer
- a Department of Educational Science and Psychology , Freie Universitat Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | | | | | - Renate Soellner
- b Institute for Psychology, Universität Hildesheim , Hildesheim , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Semple SJ, Pitpitan EV, Chavarin CV, Strathdee SA, Zavala RI, Aarons GA, Patterson TL. Prevalence and Correlates of Hazardous Drinking among Female Sex Workers in 13 Mexican Cities. Alcohol Alcohol 2015; 51:450-6. [PMID: 26546017 PMCID: PMC4922383 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To describe the prevalence and correlates of hazardous drinking among female sex workers (FSWs) at 13 sites throughout Mexico. METHODS FSWs (N = 1089) who were enrolled in a brief sexual risk reduction intervention (Mujer Segura) were queried about their sexual risk and substance use practices and their work contexts. Participants were classified as hazardous or non-hazardous drinkers based on the Alcohol Use Disorders test (AUDIT-C). Logistic regression models were used to examine individual, contextual, and community-level factors as correlates of hazardous drinking. RESULTS Ninety-two percent of participants reported alcohol consumption in the past month. Among drinkers (N = 1001), 83% met AUDIT-C criteria for hazardous drinking. Factors that were independently associated with hazardous drinking included: drug use in the past month (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.31; 95% CI 1.29-8.45), being a cigarette smoker (AOR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.13-2.58), being a barmaid or dance hostess (AOR = 3.40; 95% CI 1.95-5.91), alcohol use before or during sex with clients (AOR = 7.78; 95% CI 4.84-12.52), and working in a city with a higher marginalization index (AOR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.04-1.11). CONCLUSIONS Findings support the high prioritization by public health authorities of alcohol prevention and treatment programs for FSWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley J Semple
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eileen V Pitpitan
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Claudia V Chavarin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steffanie A Strathdee
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Icela Zavala
- Evaluation and Research Department, Mexican Foundation for Family Planning (Mexfam), Juárez 208, Tlalpan, Mexico, D.F. 14000, Mexico
| | - Gregory A Aarons
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas L Patterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ferreira-Borges C, Dias S, Babor T, Esser MB, Parry CDH. Alcohol and public health in Africa: can we prevent alcohol-related harm from increasing? Addiction 2015; 110:1373-9. [PMID: 25944026 DOI: 10.1111/add.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the total amount of alcohol consumed in the African region is expected to increase due to the growth of new alcohol consumers, especially young people and women. With the changing alcohol environment, increases in the alcohol-attributable burden of disease are inevitable. To our knowledge, there has not been a comprehensive analysis of the factors that could be driving those increases. The objective of this study was to examine the evidence from peer reviewed literature regarding the factors that could be instrumental in this process, in order to inform strategic policy-related decisions. METHOD A narrative review was conducted using a thematic analysis approach. We searched papers published between January 2000 and July 2014 in PubMed, the WHO's Global Health Library and African Journals Online. RESULTS Our analysis identified seven factors (demographics, rapid urbanization, economic development, increased availability, corporate targeting, weak policy infrastructure and trade agreements) which are potentially tied to changes in alcohol consumption in Africa. Driven largely by globalization, a potential convergence of these various factors is likely to be associated with continued growth in alcohol consumption and alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS To address the emerging risk factors associated with increased alcohol consumption, African governments need to take a more active role in protecting the public's health. In particular, important strategic shifts are needed to increase implementation of intersectoral strategies, community involvement in the policy dialogue, health services re-orientation and better regulation of the alcohol beverage industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ferreira-Borges
- Instituto de Higiene e Medica Tropical & GHTM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sonia Dias
- Instituto de Higiene e Medica Tropical & GHTM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Thomas Babor
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
| | - Marissa B Esser
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles D H Parry
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Goeij MCM, Veldhuizen EM, Buster MCA, Kunst AE. The impact of extended closing times of alcohol outlets on alcohol-related injuries in the nightlife areas of Amsterdam: a controlled before-and-after evaluation. Addiction 2015; 110:955-64. [PMID: 25689068 DOI: 10.1111/add.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The municipality of Amsterdam implemented a new alcohol policy allowing alcohol outlets in two of the five nightlife areas to extend their closing times from 1 April 2009 onwards. We investigated how levels and trends of alcohol-related injuries changed after implementation of this alcohol policy, by comparing areas with extended closing times to those without. DESIGN A controlled before-and-after evaluation to compare changes in alcohol-related injuries between intervention and control areas. SETTING Central district of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS Alcohol-related ambulance attendances for control and intervention areas between 1 April 2006 and 1 April 2009 (respectively, n = 544 and n = 499) and between 1 April 2009 and 1 April 2011 (respectively, n = 357 and n = 480). MEASUREMENTS Alcohol-related injuries were defined as ambulance attendances for people who suffered from direct or indirect consequences of alcohol consumption. Injuries were counted per month in two intervention and three control nightlife areas. We used Poisson regression to assess changes in injuries. FINDINGS After 1 April 2009, intervention areas showed a larger change in the level of alcohol-related injuries than control areas [incidence rate ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12, 1.61], but trends remained stable in all areas. This increase was only statistically significant for the following subgroups: 2.00-5.59 a.m., weekend days, men, individuals aged 25-34 years, and people transported to a hospital. However, the increase did not differ between subgroups with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS A 1-hour extension of alcohol outlet closing times in some of Amsterdam's nightlife areas was associated with 34% more alcohol-related injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moniek C M de Goeij
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center (AMC) - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonore M Veldhuizen
- Department of Human Geography, Planning and International Development Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel C A Buster
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton E Kunst
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center (AMC) - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sjölund S, Hemmingsson T, Allebeck P. IQ and level of alcohol consumption—findings from a national survey of Swedish conscripts. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:548-55. [PMID: 25702705 PMCID: PMC4368388 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of the association between IQ and alcohol consumption have shown conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between IQ test results and alcohol consumption, measured as both total alcohol intake and pattern of alcohol use. METHODS The study population consists of 49,321 Swedish males born 1949 to 1951 who were conscripted for Swedish military service 1969 to 1970. IQ test results were available from tests performed at conscription. Questionnaires performed at conscription provided data on total alcohol intake (consumed grams of alcohol/wk) and pattern of drinking. Multinomial and binomial logistic regressions were performed on the cross-sectional data to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Adjustments were made for socioeconomic position as a child, psychiatric symptoms and emotional stability, and father's alcohol habits. RESULTS We found an increased OR of 1.20 (1.17 to 1.23) for every step decrease on the stanine scale to be a high consumer versus a light consumer of alcohol. For binge drinking, an increased OR of 1.09 (95% CI = 1.08 to 1.11) was estimated for every step decrease on the stanine scale. Adjustment for confounders attenuated the associations. Also, IQ in adolescence was found to be inversely associated with moderate/high alcohol consumption measured in middle age. CONCLUSIONS We found that lower results on IQ tests are associated with higher consumption of alcohol measured in terms of both total alcohol intake and binge drinking in Swedish adolescent men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sjölund
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Hemmingsson
- Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm UniversityStockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Allebeck
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Beccaria F. The Public Health Dilemma in the Alcohol Intervention Area: Unfinished Business Between Limits and Freedom. Subst Use Misuse 2015; 50:1174-7. [PMID: 26361924 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1042335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franca Beccaria
- a Eclectica Institute for Training and Research , Torino , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bendtsen P, Damsgaard MT, Huckle T, Casswell S, Kuntsche E, Arnold P, de Looze ME, Hofmann F, Hublet A, Simons-Morton B, ter Bogt T, Holstein BE. Adolescent alcohol use: a reflection of national drinking patterns and policy? Addiction 2014; 109:1857-68. [PMID: 25041190 PMCID: PMC4192016 DOI: 10.1111/add.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyse how adolescent drunkenness and frequency of drinking were associated with adult drinking patterns and alcohol control policies. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional survey data on 13- and 15-year-olds in 37 countries who participated in the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study in 2010 (n = 144 788) were linked to national-level indicators on alcohol control policies and adult drinking patterns. MEASUREMENTS Outcome measures were self-reported weekly drinking and life-time drunkenness (drunk once or more). Data were analysed using multi-level logistic regression models. FINDINGS In the mutually adjusted models, adolescent drunkenness was associated significantly with high adult alcohol consumption [odds ratio (OR) = 3.15 among boys, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.13-4.64, OR girls = 2.44, CI = 1.57-3.80] and risky drinking patterns in the adult population (OR boys = 2.02, CI = 1.33-3.05, OR girls = 1.61, CI = 1.18-2.18). The level of abstainers in the adult population was also associated significantly with girls' drunkenness; a 10% increase in the number of abstainers in a country reduced the odds of drunkenness with 21% (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.68-0.90). Weekly drinking was associated significantly with weak restrictions on availability (OR boys = 2.82, CI = 1.74-4.54, OR girls = 2.00, CI = 1.15-3.46) and advertising (OR boys = 1.56, CI = 1.02-2.40, OR girls = 1.79, CI = 1.10-2.94). CONCLUSIONS Comparing data cross-nationally, high levels of adult alcohol consumption and limited alcohol control policies are associated with high levels of alcohol use among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Bendtsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mogens Trab Damsgaard
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Taisia Huckle
- SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, School of Public Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally Casswell
- SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, School of Public Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emmanuel Kuntsche
- Research Department, Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems (SIPA), Lausanne, Switzerland,Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherland
| | - Petra Arnold
- National Institute of Child Health, Department of Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Margreet E. de Looze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Hofmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Health Promotion Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne Hublet
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruce Simons-Morton
- Prevention Research Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, Rockville, MD, USA,Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Tom ter Bogt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bjørn E. Holstein
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Hungary has always belonged to the group of nations characterized by high alcoholic beverage consumption and it is still one of the leading liver cirrhosis mortality countries in Europe and in the world. This research studies changes in selected contextual factors and control policy measures that are most strongly correlated with changes in alcohol consumption and selected related harms in Hungary between 1960 and 2008. The method to analyze the association between different variables was similar to that of the European AMPHORA project. The analysis, which has been done, highlights the central role of urbanization and population ageing in Hungary in affecting the increase of consumption of alcoholic beverages, especially beer. Alcohol control policy measures show little explanatory power to interpret consumption changes; having had no effect in curbing alcohol consumption and no, or little impact on alcohol consumption-related deaths. Study's limitations are noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Elekes
- Institute of Sociology and Social Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest , Budapest , Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Allamani A, Pepe P, Baccini M, Massini G, Voller F. Europe. An analysis of changes in the consumption of alcoholic beverages: the interaction among consumption, related harms, contextual factors and alcoholic beverage control policies. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1692-715. [PMID: 25004138 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.925314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This AMPHORA study's aim was to investigate selected factors potentially affecting changes in consumption of alcoholic beverages in 12 European countries during the 1960s-2008 (an average increase in beer, decreases in wine and spirits, total alcohol drinking decrease). Both time series and artificial neural networks-based analyses were used. Results indicated that selected socio-demographic and economic factors showed an overall major impact on consumption changes; particularly urbanization, increased income, and older mothers' age at their childbirths were significantly associated with consumption increase or decrease, depending on the country. Alcoholic beverage control policies showed an overall minor impact on consumption changes: among them, permissive availability measures were significantly associated with consumption increases, while drinking and driving limits and availability restrictions were correlated with consumption decreases, and alcohol taxation and prices of the alcoholic beverages were not significantly correlated with consumption. Population ageing, older mother's age at childbirths, increased income and increases in female employment, as well as drink driving limitations were associated with the decrease of transport mortality. Study's limitations are noted.
Collapse
|
23
|
Allamani A, Olimpi N, Pepe P, Cipriani F. Trends in consumption of alcoholic beverages and policy interventions in Europe: an uncertainty "associated" perspective. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1531-45. [PMID: 24915172 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Having qualitatively investigated, both the temporal curves of alcoholic beverage consumption trends and the introduction of preventive alcohol policy measures in six European countries during the 1960s-2000s, drinking control policy measures often appeared to operate as co-factors of change, while during some periods of time they were not even present even if effective consumption changes were occurring. Study limitations are noted.
Collapse
|
24
|
Voller F, Maccari F, Pepe P, Allamani A. Changing trends in European alcoholic beverage drinking: selected social, demographic, economic factors, drinking's related harms, and prevention control policies between the 1960s and 2000s. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1515-30. [PMID: 25099313 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.914374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study confirms that during the decades following WW II there was a tendency towards closure of consumption of alcoholic beverages among the European countries. The Northern countries, which during the 1960s manifested the lowest rates of alcohol consumption, ended up with greater consumption rates than the Southern countries, manifested the opposite trend; greater amounts of consumptions in the 1960s and lower consumptions in the 2000s. During the same some period, social, demographic and economic indicators--urbanization, rate of elderly males, Income, female education, female employment and mother's age at their childbirths, tended to increase, while the alcoholic beverage control policy strategies showed differences according to the country. Liver disease-related mortality, decreased in most countries. Study limitations are noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Voller
- 1Regional Health Agency, Region of Tuscany , Florence , Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Matrai S, Casajuana C, Allamani A, Baccini M, Pepe P, Massini G, Gual A. The relationships between the impact of alcoholic beverage control policies, selected contextual determinants, and alcohol drinking in Spain. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1665-83. [PMID: 24870987 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol prevention policies alone neither cause nor explain changes in alcohol consumption, nor in related harm. Alcohol consumption in Spain throughout the period 1962-2008 was analyzed considering selected contextual factors and alcohol policies. Increased urbanization was found to be associated with higher consumption, especially of beer. Restrictive policies regulating purchase age, advertising, and licensing premises to sell alcohol were associated with decreased alcohol consumption, while lower blood alcohol concentration limits were followed by an increase. Study limitations are noted. Changes in the evolution of socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and cultural factors should be carefully analyzed to inform alcohol policy planning and evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Matrai
- 1Addictions Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Knibbe RA, Derickx M, Allamani A, Massini G. Alcohol consumption and its related harms in The Netherlands since 1960: relationships with planned and unplanned factors. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1589-600. [PMID: 24870986 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM to establish which unplanned (social developments) and planned (alcohol policy measures) factors are related to per capita consumption and alcohol-related harms in the Netherlands. METHODS linear regression was used to establish which of the planned and unplanned factors were most strongly connected with alcohol consumption and harms. Artificial Neural Analysis (ANN) was used to inspect the interconnections between all variables. RESULTS mothers age at birth was most strongly associated with increase in consumption. The ban on selling alcoholic beverages at petrol station was associated with a decrease in consumption. The linear regression of harms did not show any relation between alcohol policy measures and harms. The ANN-analyses indicate a very high interconnectedness between all variables allowing no causal inferences. Exceptions are the relation between price of beer and wine and the consumption of these beverages and the relation between a decrease in transport mortality and the increased use of breathalyzers tests and a restriction of paracommercial selling. CONCLUSIONS unplanned factors are most strongly associated with per capita consumption and harms. ANN-analysis indicates that price of alcoholic beverages, breath testing, and restriction of sales may have had some influence. The study's limitations are noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Knibbe
- 1Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Allamani A, Voller F, Pepe P, Baccini M, Massini G, Cipriani F. Italy between drinking culture and control policies for alcoholic beverages. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1646-64. [PMID: 25122545 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper focuses on whether the on-going dramatic decrease in alcohol consumption in Italy, especially of wine, during 1961-2008, was associated with which parallel sociodemographic and economic changes and with alcohol control policies. The study, using both time series (TS) and artificial neural network (ANN)-based analyses documents that its selected sociodemographic and economic factors, and particularly urbanization, had a definite connection with wine consumption decrease, spirits decrease, and the increase in beer consumption over time. On the other hand, control policies showed no effect on the decline in alcohol consumption, since no alcohol control policy existed in Italy between 1960 and 1987. A few policies introduced since 1988 (BAC and sale restrictions during mass events) may have contributed to reducing or to maintaining the on-going reduction. Study limitations are noted and future needed research is suggested.
Collapse
|
28
|
Plant M, Allamani A, Massini G, Pepe P. Contextual determinants and alcohol control policies in the United Kingdom. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1576-88. [PMID: 24897127 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In the United Kingdom, between 1960 and the 2000s, there were many sociodemographic and economic factors that played a part in the changing picture of alcohol consumption and its related harm. This paper describes some of these variables along with the political measures that were identified as correlated with changes in consumption and harm. The resulting picture is unclear. No consistent pattern was identified among the variables analyzed. Beverage choice changed over time with a reduction in beer consumption and an increase in wines and spirits. Nevertheless, the overall picture showed an increase in total alcohol consumption and resulting harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moira Plant
- 1University of the West of England , Bristol , UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cogordan C, Kreft-Jaïs C, Guillemont J. Effects of alcoholic beverage control policies and contextual factors on alcohol consumption and its related harms in France from 1960 to 2000. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1633-45. [PMID: 24915170 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Important social changes such as urbanization, increases in female education and employment, and increased incomes have occurred in France from 1960 to 2000 along with a major decrease in alcoholic beverage consumption (from 25 L pure alcohol per inhabitant 15 years and old to 13 L); especially due to wine consumption decrease. These changes in drinking patterns are associated with significant decreases in alcohol consumption-related harms (liver disease mortality and transport accident mortality). Several alcoholic beverage consumption control policy measures were also created during this period. This study explores the impact of these policies measure on alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption-related harms, adjusted with selected social changes. France's control policy has been associated, partially, with regressive effects on alcohol consumption but not on alcohol consumption-related harms. Study limitations are noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Cogordan
- Institut National de Prévention et d'Education pour la Santé (INPES) , France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Swiątkiewicz G, Wieczorek L, Allamani A. What influences changes in alcoholic beverage consumption over time? Poland in the light of the European Union Amphora study. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1601-10. [PMID: 24832915 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.914376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper is based on the Polish country-level final report of the European Union Amphora study: contextual determinants and alcohol polices. The authors present the results of a time series analysis model designed to explore and explain the influence of selected alcoholic beverage control policy measures and unplanned sociodemographical determinants on changes in alcoholic beverage consumption from 1960 to the 2000s in Poland. Complex historical and social changes are described, which occurred during the 50 years covered by the study. The study findings confirmed that sociodemographical determinants have an important influence on alcoholic beverage consumption. Study limitations are noted and future research is suggested.
Collapse
|
31
|
Eisenbach-Stangl I, Allamani A. Alcohol consumption, alcohol consumption-related harm and alcohol control policy in Austria: do they link up? Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1619-32. [PMID: 24983787 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.919750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The study identifies changes in selected ("unplanned") socio-demographic and economic factors as well as in (planned) political measures that are most strongly correlated with changes in alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption-related harm between 1961 and 2006 in Austria. During the period of investigation consumption increased until the early 1970s, dropped during the next decade and have leveled off since. Increasing urbanization, female employment and average age of mothers at their child births are associated with the best time series model for the interpretation of consumption changes. The results regarding alcohol control policies and their impact on consumption were paradoxical. Study limitations were noted pointing up the necessity to improve indicators and concepts.
Collapse
|
32
|
Voller F, Allamani A. Contextual factors and alcohol consumption control policy measures: the AMPHORA study background. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1508-14. [PMID: 24963555 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Drinking alcoholic beverages is deeply rooted in European cultural and economic history, and European consumption trends have varied over time during the decades following WW II. How and why such consumption patterns have changed, and what are the roles that societies' transformations play in these changes are the AMPHORA project's focus. Preventive alcohol consumption control policies have been developed for a long time; during different eras, in different ways and in different countries. How have and do formal policies affect such changes? These questions stimulated a group of 40 researchers from 12 European countries and 14 institutions to investigate the interactions between selected socio-demographic and economic factors, alcohol control policy measures, alcohol consumption and alcohol consumption-related harm that occurred in 12 European countries between 1960 and 2008.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Voller
- Regional Health Agency, Region of Tuscany , Florence , Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Alcohol use patterns in a Norwegian general population-based sample with special reference to socio-demographic variables. J Public Health (Oxf) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-012-0541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
34
|
Allamani A. Alcohol consumption policies and the prevention of alcohol consumption-related problems: needs, duties, and responsibilities. Subst Use Misuse 2012; 47:1252-9. [PMID: 22943303 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2012.716483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-related policies and the prevention of alcohol use-related problems, as well as their creation, are accomplished through planned interventions- laws, social and health programs, community-based initiatives-as well as through complex social movements and efforts implemented by the communities. Among both citizens and alcohol use intervention experts, the following three human dimensions are considered: needs, duties, and responsibilities.
Collapse
|
35
|
Johnson TP. National context and patterns of alcohol use: the devil is in the data. Subst Use Misuse 2012; 47:1198-9. [PMID: 22812392 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2012.702489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This commentary addresses several data-related challenges confronting the research described by Allamani et al. (2011) The topics briefly reviewed here include considerations of the optimal unit of analysis, sources of measurement error in social indicators, the heterogeneity and homogeneity of measurements within and across nations, and the data structures being employed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Johnson
- Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Roizen R. Explanatory idioms and changes in national drinking cultures: a comment on Allamani and Voller's "Contextual determinants of alcohol consumption changes and preventive alcohol-related policies: a 12-country European study in progress". Subst Use Misuse 2012; 47:1196-7. [PMID: 22734458 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2012.695197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Roizen
- Institute for Scientific Analysis, San Francisco, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Casswell S, Meier P, MacKintosh AM, Brown A, Hastings G, Thamarangsi T, Chaiyasong S, Chun S, Huckle T, Wall M, You RQ. The International Alcohol Control (IAC) study-evaluating the impact of alcohol policies. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:1462-7. [PMID: 22404733 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01738.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes a new multicountry collaborative project to assess the impact of alcohol control policy. Longitudinal surveys of drinkers in a number of participating countries and analysis of the policy context allow for the assessment of change over time within countries and comparison between countries. The design of the study is modeled on the International Tobacco Control study and aims to assess the impact of alcohol policies in different cultural contexts on policy-related behaviors and alcohol consumption. A survey instrument and protocol for policy analysis have been developed by the initial participating countries: England, Scotland, Thailand, South Korea, and New Zealand. The first round of data collection is scheduled for 2011-2012. MEASUREMENTS The survey instrument (International Alcohol Control [IAC] survey) measures key policy relevant behaviors: place and time of purchase, amounts purchased and price paid; ease of access to alcohol purchase; alcohol marketing measures; social supply; perceptions of alcohol affordability and availability and salience of price; perceptions of enforcement; people's experiences with specific alcohol restrictions; support for policy and consumption (typical quantity, frequency using beverage and location-specific measures). The Policy Analysis Protocol (PoLAP) assesses relevant aspects of the policy environment including regulation and implementation. RESULTS It has proved feasible to design instruments to collect detailed data on behaviors relevant to alcohol policy change and to assess the policy environment in different cultural settings. CONCLUSIONS In a policy arena in which the interest groups and stakeholders have different perceptions of appropriate policy responses to alcohol-related harm, a robust methodology to assess the impact of policy will contribute to the debate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Casswell
- SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, School of Public Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Schmuziger N, Patscheke J, Stieglitz R, Probst R. Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians. Audiol Res 2012; 2:e11. [PMID: 26557326 PMCID: PMC4630946 DOI: 10.4081/audiores.2012.e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Listening to loud music may be connected to addictive behavior possibly leading to damaging effects on the cochlea. We hypothesized that members of non-professional pop/rock bands with regular exposure to loud music are more likely to show an addictive-like behavior for loud music than matched control subjects. Fifty non-professional musicians and 50 matched control subjects were asked to complete the Northeastern Music Listening Survey (NEMLS) with two basic components. The first comprises an adaptation of the validated Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST) to study the addictive-like behavior towards loud music. The second comprises the criteria outlined by the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) of the American Psychiatric Society for the diagnosis of substance dependence. The NEMLS was scored using the same point system as used in the MAST. The DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence were met by nine of the musician group and by one control subject. Seven of these nine musicians also had a positive NEMLS score. Traits of addictive-like behavior to loud music were detected more often in members of nonprofessional pop/rock bands than in control subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Schmuziger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and ; Regional Hospital, Dornach, Switzerland
| | | | - Rolf Stieglitz
- Outpatient Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Probst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Zuerich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Reingle JM, Maldonado-Molina MM, Jennings WG, Komro KA. Racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of aggression in a longitudinal sample of high-risk, urban youth. J Adolesc Health 2012; 51:45-52. [PMID: 22727076 PMCID: PMC3383599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate trajectories of aggression among African Americans and Hispanics using a longitudinal sample of urban adolescents, and test multiple domains of risk factors to differentiate profiles of aggression. METHODS Participants included 3,038 adolescents followed from sixth to eighth grade. Trajectories of aggression were estimated for African Americans and Hispanics separately, and multinomial regression procedures were used to evaluate the effect of multiple domains of risk and protective factors. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the indirect effects of contextual variables on aggression. RESULTS Four profiles of aggression were identified. Among Hispanics, groups included: (1) low-aggression, (2) desistors, (3) escalators, and (4) consistent aggression; among African Americans: (1) low-aggression, (2) escalators, (3) moderate-consistent aggression, and (4) consistent aggression. Differences in the multiple domains of risk factors emerged between racial/ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Contextual variables (peer alcohol use, adult alcohol consumption, and access to alcohol at home) increased risk for aggression differentially by racial/ethnic group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Reingle
- University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, 101 S. Newell Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610-0177
| | - Mildred M. Maldonado-Molina
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Health Outcomes and Policy and Institute for Child Health Policy, 1329 SW 16th, Gainesville, FL 32610-0177
| | - Wesley G. Jennings
- University of South Florida, Department of Criminology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620
| | - Kelli A. Komro
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Health Outcomes and Policy and Institute for Child Health Policy, 1329 SW 16th, Gainesville, FL 32610-0177
| |
Collapse
|