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Calo J, Blanco AM, Soengas JL. Dietary lipid sensing through fatty acid oxidation and chylomicron formation in the gastrointestinal tract of rainbow trout. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 294:111638. [PMID: 38657943 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In mammals, physiological processes related to lipid metabolism, such as chylomicron synthesis or fatty acid oxidation (FAO), modulate eating, highlighting the importance of energostatic mechanisms in feeding control. This study, using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as model, aimed to characterize the role of FAO and chylomicron formation as peripheral lipid sensors potentially able to modulate feeding in fish. Fish fed with either a normal- (24%) or high- (32%) fat diet were intraperitoneally injected with water alone or containing etomoxir (inhibitor of FAO rate-limiting enzyme carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1). First, feed intake levels were recorded. We observed an etomoxir-derived decrease in feeding at short times, but a significant increase at 48 h after treatment in fish fed normal-fat diet. Then, we evaluated putative etomoxir effects on the mRNA abundance of genes related to lipid metabolism, chylomicron synthesis and appetite-regulating peptides. Etomoxir treatment upregulated mRNA levels of genes related to chylomicron assembly in proximal intestine, while opposite effects occurred in distal intestine, indicating a clear regionalization in response. Etomoxir also modulated gastrointestinal hormone mRNAs in proximal intestine, upregulating ghrl in fish fed normal-fat diet and pyy and gcg in fish fed high-fat diet. These results provide evidence for an energostatic control of feeding related to FAO and chylomicron formation at the peripheral level in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Calo
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ayelén M Blanco
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - José L Soengas
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Bah TM, Davis CM, Allen EM, Borkar RN, Perez R, Grafe MR, Raber J, Pike MM, Alkayed NJ. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition reverses cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome by modulating inflammation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 173:106850. [PMID: 38735559 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Midlife metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with cognitive impairment in late life. The mechanism of delayed MetS-related cognitive dysfunction (MetSCD) is not clear, but it has been linked to systemic inflammation and chronic cerebral microangiopathy. Currently there is no treatment for late life MetSCD other than early risk factor modification. We investigated the effect of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor 4-[[trans-4-[[(tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]dec-1-ylamino)carbonyl]amino]cyclohexyl]oxy]-benzoic acid (t-AUCB) on cognitive performance, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and central and peripheral inflammation in the high-fat diet (HFD) model of MetS in mice. At 6 weeks of age, male mice were randomly assigned to receive either HFD or standard chow (STD) for 6 months. Mice received either t-AUCB or vehicle for 4 weeks. Cognitive performance was evaluated, followed by CBF measurement using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At the end of the study, blood was collected for measurement of eicosanoids and inflammatory cytokines. The brains were then analyzed by immunohistochemistry for glial activation markers. The HFD caused a significant impairment in novel object recognition. Treatment with t-AUCB increased plasma levels of 14,15-EET, prevented this cognitive impairment and modified hippocampal glial activation and plasma cytokine levels, without affecting CBF in mice on HFD. In conclusion, sEH inhibition for four weeks prevents cognitive deficits in mice on chronic HFD by modulating inflammatory processes without affecting CBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierno M Bah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Catherine M Davis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elyse M Allen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rohan N Borkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ruby Perez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Marjorie R Grafe
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Martin M Pike
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nabil J Alkayed
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Brayner B, Keske MA, Roberts-Thomson KM, Parker L, Betik AC, Thomas HJ, Mason S, Way KL, Livingstone KM, Hamilton DL, Kaur G. Short-term high-calorie high-fat feeding induces hyperinsulinemia and blunts skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow in healthy humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 327:E42-E54. [PMID: 38717363 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00070.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow (MBF) plays an important role in glucose disposal in muscle. Impairments in muscle MBF contribute to insulin resistance and prediabetes. Animal studies show that short-term (3 day) high-fat feeding blunts skeletal muscle MBF before impairing insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. It is not known whether this occurs in humans. We investigated the temporal impact of a 7-day high-calorie high-fat (HCHF) diet intervention (+52% kJ; 41% fat) on fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic outcomes in 14 healthy adults (18-37 yr). Metabolic health and vascular responses to a mixed-meal challenge (MMC) were measured at pre (day 0)-, mid (day 4)- and post (day 8)-intervention. There were no significant differences in body weight, body fat %, fasting blood glucose, and fasting plasma insulin concentrations at pre-, mid- and postintervention. Compared with preintervention there was a significant increase in insulin (but not glucose) total area under the curve in response to the MMC at midintervention (P = 0.041) and at postintervention (P = 0.028). Unlike at pre- and midintervention, at postintervention muscle MBF decreased at 60 min (P = 0.024) and 120 min (P = 0.023) after the MMC. However, macrovascular blood flow was significantly increased from 0 to 60 min (P < 0.001) and 120 min (P < 0.001) after the MMC at pre-, mid- and postintervention. Therefore, short-term HCHF feeding in healthy individuals leads to elevated postprandial insulin but not glucose levels and a blunting of meal-induced skeletal muscle MBF responses but not macrovascular blood flow responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to investigate skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow (MBF) responses in humans after short-term high-calorie high-fat (HCHF) diet. The main findings were that HCHF diet causes elevated postprandial insulin in healthy individuals within 3 days and blunts meal-induced muscle MBF within 7 days, despite no impairments in postprandial glucose or macrovascular blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Brayner
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle A Keske
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew C Betik
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah J Thomas
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaun Mason
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kimberley L Way
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine M Livingstone
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Lee Hamilton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gunveen Kaur
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Fabunmi OA, Dludla PV, Nkambule BB. High-dose oral contraceptives induce hyperinsulinemia without altering immune activation in diet-induced obesity which persists even following a dietary low-fat diet intervention. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 163:104234. [PMID: 38479054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are known to cause weight gain and alter metabolic and immunological pathways. However, modifications in arterial or venous thrombotic risk profiles of women of reproductive ages on COC remain unclear. The study aimed at assessing the impact of COC on immune activation in diet-induced obesity. We further established whether the dietary intervention of switching from a high-fat diet (HFD) to a low-fat diet (LFD) attenuates immunological responses. Twenty (n=20) five-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two diet groups of HFD (n=15) and LFD (n=5) and were monitored for eight weeks. After eight weeks, animals in the HFD group switched diets to LFD and were randomly assigned to receive high-dose COC (HCOC) or low-dose COC (LCOC) for six weeks. Animals on HFD significantly gained weight and had a higher lee index when compared to the LFD group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the triglyceride-glucose index, insulin, and other metabolic parameters also increased in the HFD group compared to the LFD group (p < 0.001). Consistently, the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were elevated in the HFD group when compared to the LFD group (p < 0.05). Upon switching from a high-fat to a low-fat diet, insulin levels persistently increased in animals receiving HCOC treatment compared to the LFD and HFD/LFD groups (p < 0.05). Thus, in a rat model of HFD-feeding, short-term HCOC treatment induces long-term metabolic dysregulation, which persists despite dietary intervention. However, further studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyesanmi A Fabunmi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; Health-awareness, Exercise and Cardio-immunologic Research Unit (HECIRU), Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti 5363, Nigeria.
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Myers AG, Rochell SJ. Effects of Starter Diet Energy Concentration on Nutrient Digestibility and Subsequent Growth Performance and Meat Yields of Broilers under Two Coccidiosis Control Programs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1524. [PMID: 38891571 PMCID: PMC11171360 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the live performance, processing characteristics, and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients and energy (IDE) in broilers under two coccidiosis control programs (CCP) and fed three starter diet energy levels. Treatments were a factorial arrangement of CCP [in-feed diclazuril (ACD) or vaccinated after hatch (VAC)] and three starter diet energy levels [3008 (standard), 3058 (moderate), and 3108 (high) kcal/kg apparent MEn] achieved with different soybean oil concentrations. Birds were reared in floor pens (12 per pen) and received experimental starter diets from 0 to 18 d and common grower and finisher diets to 43 d. At d 11, VAC birds had higher (p < 0.05) excreta oocyst counts and lower (p < 0.05) plasma carotenoids, nutrient AID, and IDE than ACD birds. From 0 to 18 and 0 to 31 d, VAC decreased (p < 0.05) body weight gain and increased (energy × CCP, p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio of birds fed the moderate and high-energy diets but not for those fed the standard energy diet. From 0 to 43 d, VAC only increased the feed conversion ratio of birds fed the moderate-energy starter diet (energy × CCP, p < 0.05). Carcass yields were lower (p < 0.05) for VAC birds than for ACD birds, and interactive effects (p < 0.05) were observed for wing yield. In summary, increasing dietary lipid concentration to account for Eimeria-induced reductions in lipid digestibility during the starter period of coccidiosis-vaccinated broilers may exacerbate, rather than ameliorate, these impacts on bird performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson G. Myers
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Samuel J. Rochell
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Abudigin WI, Bajaber A, Subash-Babu P. Impact of various dietary lipids on amelioration of biomarkers linked to metabolic syndrome in both healthy and diabetic Wistar rats. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:75. [PMID: 38755663 PMCID: PMC11097575 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to investigate the influence of different dietary lipids (sheep's fat, olive oil, coconut oil, and corn oil) on specific biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome in both healthy and diabetic rats. METHODS The study designed for 45 days, utilized a male diabetic wistar rat (body weight, 180-220 g) model induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg bw). The rats were divided into two sections: five non-diabetic and five diabetic groups, each containing six rats. The first group in each section serving as the control, received a standard diet. Both non-diabetic or diabetic groups, were provided with a standard diet enriched with 15% sheep fat, 15% coconut oil, 15% olive oil, and 15% corn oil, respectively for a duration of 45 days. RESULTS Post-supplementation, both healthy and diabetic control rats exhibited a higher food intake compared to rats supplemented with lipid diet; notably food intake was higher in diabetic control than healthy control. However, rats fed with coconut oil, olive oil and sheep fat showed weight gain at the end of the experiment, in both healthy and diabetic groups. Coconut oil supplementation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased HDL-C and total cholesterol level in diabetic groups compared to healthy group, it was confirmed by an increased PPAR-α and ABCA-1 protein level. Olive oil significantly decreased triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels in diabetic rats when compared to sheep fat or coconut oil. Corn oil significantly decreased fasting glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-C levels compared to all other groups. Corn and olive oil supplemented normal groups, found with significant increase in hepatic glucose-lipid oxidative metabolism associated protein, like FGF-21, MSH, ABCA-1, PPAR-γ and decreased lipogenesis proteins like, SREBP and PPAR-α levels. In contrast, sheep grease and coconut oil increased SREBP and PPAR-α expression in both normal and diabetic groups. Most notably, normal and diabetic groups pretreated with sheep grease resulted in increased inflammatory (MCP-1, IL-1β, TLR-4, TNF-α), and oxidative stress markers (LPO, GSH, GPx, SOD and CAT) linked with metabolic complications. CONCLUSION The combination or alternative use of olive oil and corn oil in daily diet may play a significant role in preventing proinflammatory condition associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weaam I Abudigin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Adnan Bajaber
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11459, Saudi Arabia
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Sánchez-Ortí JV, Balanzá-Martínez V, Correa-Ghisays P, Selva-Vera G, Vila-Francés J, Magdalena-Benedito R, San-Martin C, Victor VM, Escribano-Lopez I, Hernandez-Mijares A, Vivas-Lalinde J, Crespo-Facorro B, Tabarés-Seisdedos R. Inflammation and weight change related to neurocognitive and functional impairment in diabetes and psychiatric disorders. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2024:S2950-2853(24)00030-9. [PMID: 38740330 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a global pandemic associated with various cardio-metabolic and psychiatric disorders. Neurocognitive and functional deficits have been associated with several somatic and psychiatric disorders. Adiposity-related inflammation has recently emerged as a key risk factor for neurocognitive and functional impairments. This prospective transdiagnostic study aimed to investigate the role of adiposity-related inflammatory markers in neurocognitive and functional outcomes associated with weight changes. METHODS Peripheral blood inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and neurocognitive and functional performance were assessed twice over 1 year in 165 individuals, including 30 with schizophrenia, 42 with bipolar disorder, 35 with major depressive disorder, 30 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 28 healthy controls. Participants were stratified by body mass index into categories of type 2 obesity (T2OB; n=30), type 1 obesity (T1OB; n=42), overweight (OW; n=53), and average weight (NW; n=40). Mixed one-way analysis of covariance and linear and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Compared with NW, T2OB and T1OB were significantly associated with impaired neurocognitive and functional performance (p<0.01; η2p=0.06-0.12) and higher levels of C-reactive protein and platelets (PLT) (p<0.01; η2p=0.08-0.16), with small-to-moderate effect sizes. IL-6, IL-10, and PLT were key factors for detecting significant weight changes in T1OB and T2OB over time. Regression models revealed that inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and cellular adhesion molecules were significantly associated with neurocognitive and functional performance (p<0.05). DISCUSSION Obesity is characterized by neurocognitive and functional impairments alongside low-grade systemic inflammation. Adiposity-related inflammatory biomarkers may contribute to neurocognitive and functional decline in individuals with T2DM and psychiatric disorders. Our data suggest that these biomarkers facilitate the identification of specific subgroups of individuals at higher risk of developing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Balanzá-Martínez
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Mental Health Unit of Catarroja, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Correa-Ghisays
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gabriel Selva-Vera
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan Vila-Francés
- IDAL - Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Constanza San-Martin
- TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor M Victor
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sevilla, HU Virgen del Rocío IBIS, Spain
| | - Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Skrypnik K, Schmidt M, Olejnik-Schmidt A, Harahap IA, Suliburska J. Influence of supplementation with iron and probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus on selected parameters of inflammatory state in rats on a high-fat iron-deficient diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4411-4424. [PMID: 38339838 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high-fat (HF) diet, diet iron deficiency and iron supplementation may affect inflammatory parameters. Probiotics influence both iron metabolism and inflammation. We compared the inflammatory state in rats on a HF iron-deficient diet receiving oral iron, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus in different combinations. METHODS This was a two-stage experiment. In groups C (n = 8) and HF (n = 8), rats ate a control or HF diet, respectively, for 16 weeks. In the group HFDEF (n = 48), rats ate a HF iron-deficient diet for 8 weeks (first stage) and were subsequently divided into 6 groups (n = 8 each) receiving the following for a further 8 weeks (second stage): HFDEF - a HF iron-deficient diet; HFDEFFe - a HF iron-deficient diet with iron; HFDEFLp and HFDEFLc - a HF iron-deficient diet with L. plantarum or L. curvatus, respectively; and HFDEFFeLp and HFDEFFeLc - a HF iron-deficient diet with iron and L. plantarum or L. curvatus, respectively. Body composition analysis and blood sampling was performed. Markers of iron status and levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured in the blood. RESULTS TAS was higher in the HFDEF group (756.57 ± 489.53 ng mL-1) versus the HFDEFLc group (187.04 ± 47.84 ng mL-1; P = 0.022). No more differences were found between groups, or in TAS, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations. Also, no differences were found between groups for alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, glucose, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoproteins and triglycerides. TAS level was positively correlated with ferritin concentration, IL-6 with TAS and TNF-α with hepcidin level. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with L. plantarum, L. curvatus and iron in combinations exerts no influence on inflammatory status, lipid profile, hepatic function and serum fasting glucose in rats on a HF iron-deficient diet. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Schmidt
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejnik-Schmidt
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Iskandar Azmy Harahap
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Lu N, Mei X, Li X, Tang X, Yang G, Xiang W. Preventive effects of caffeine on nicotine plus high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and gain weight: a possible explanation for why obese smokers with high coffee consumption tend to be leaner. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1342-1351. [PMID: 38149470 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver disorder, affecting approximately 25 % of the population. Coffee-drinking obese smokers exhibit lower body weights and decreased NAFLD rates, but the reasons behind this remain unclear. Additionally, the effect of nicotine, the main component of tobacco, on the development of NAFLD is still controversial. Our study aimed to explore the possible reasons that drinking coffee could alleviate NAFLD and gain weight and identify the real role of nicotine in NAFLD of obese smokers. A NAFLD model in mice was induced by administering nicotine and a high-fat diet (HFD). We recorded changes in body weight and daily food intake, measured the weights of the liver and visceral fat, and observed liver and adipose tissue histopathology. Lipid levels, liver function, liver malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum inflammatory cytokine levels and the expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined. Our results demonstrated that nicotine exacerbated the development of NAFLD and caffeine had a hepatoprotective effect on NAFLD. The administration of caffeine could ameliorate nicotine-plus-HFD-induced NAFLD by reducing lipid accumulation, regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, alleviating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory response and restoring hepatic functions. These results might explain why obese smokers with high coffee consumption exhibit the lower incidence rate of NAFLD and tend to be leaner. It is essential to emphasise that the detrimental impact of smoking on health is multifaceted. Smoking cessation remains the sole practical and effective strategy for averting the tobacco-related complications and reducing the risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyan Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Mei
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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10
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Chae YR, Lee YR, Kim YS, Park HY. Diet-Induced Gut Dysbiosis and Leaky Gut Syndrome. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:747-756. [PMID: 38321650 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2312.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Chronic gut inflammation promotes the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity. There is growing evidence which suggests that dysbiosis in gut microbiota and metabolites disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier and significantly impact the level of inflammation in various tissues, including the liver and adipose tissues. Moreover, dietary sources are connected to the development of leaky gut syndrome through their interaction with the gut microbiota. This review examines the effects of these factors on intestinal microorganisms and the communication pathways between the gut-liver and gut-brain axis. The consumption of diets rich in fats and carbohydrates has been found to weaken the adherence of tight junction proteins in the gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, this allows endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharides produced by detrimental bacteria, to permeate through portal veins, leading to metabolic endotoxemia and alterations in the gut microbiome composition with reduced production of metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. However, the precise correlation between gut microbiota and alternative sweeteners remains uncertain, necessitating further investigation. This study highlights the significance of exploring the impact of diet on gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms in the gut-liver and gut-brain axis. Nevertheless, limited research on the gut-liver axis poses challenges in comprehending the intricate connections between diet and the gut-brain axis. This underscores the need for comprehensive studies to elucidate the intricate gut-brain mechanisms underlying intestinal health and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rim Chae
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Ra Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Park
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea National University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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11
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Wang J, Gu J, Yi J, Li J, Li W, Zhai Z. High-fat diets induce inflammatory IMD/NFκB signaling via gut microbiota remodeling in Drosophila. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1347716. [PMID: 38716198 PMCID: PMC11074423 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1347716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs), a prevailing daily dietary style worldwide, induce chronic low-grade inflammation in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, promoting a variety of diseases including pathologies associated with neuroinflammation. However, the mechanisms linking HFDs to inflammation are not entirely clear. Here, using a Drosophila HFD model, we explored the mechanism of HFD-induced inflammation in remote tissues. We found that HFDs activated the IMD/NFκB immune pathway in the head through remodeling of the commensal gut bacteria. Removal of gut microbiota abolished such HFD-induced remote inflammatory response. Further experiments revealed that HFDs significantly increased the abundance of Acetobacter malorum in the gut, and the re-association of this bacterium was sufficient to elicit inflammatory response in remote tissues. Mechanistically, Acetobacter malorum produced a greater amount of peptidoglycan (PGN), a well-defined microbial molecular pattern that enters the circulation and remotely activates an inflammatory response. Our results thus show that HFDs trigger inflammation mediated by a bacterial molecular pattern that elicits host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zongzhao Zhai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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12
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Lee Y, Sarkar A, Tassey J, Levi JN, Lee S, Liu NQ, Drake AC, Magallanes J, Stevic U, Lu J, Ge D, Tang H, Mkaratigwa T, Bian F, Shkhyan R, Bonaguidi M, Evseenko D. Inactivation of a non-canonical gp130 signaling arm attenuates chronic systemic inflammation and multimorbidity induced by a high-fat diet. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.08.588362. [PMID: 38645030 PMCID: PMC11030339 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.08.588362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine for which the levels in plasma demonstrate a robust correlation with age and body mass index (BMI) as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. IL-6 cytokines also play a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis and regenerative processes, primarily via the canonical STAT3 pathway. Thus, selective modulation of IL-6 signaling may offer a unique opportunity for therapeutic interventions. Recently, we discovered that a non-canonical signaling pathway downstream of tyrosine (Y) 814 within the intracellular domain of gp130, the IL-6 co-receptor, is responsible for the recruitment and activation of SRC family of kinases (SFK). Mice with constitutive genetic inactivation of gp130 Y814 (F814 mice) show accelerated resolution of inflammatory response and superior regenerative outcomes in skin wound healing and posttraumatic models of osteoarthritis. The current study was designed to explore if selective genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the non-canonical gp130-Y814/SFK signaling reduces systemic chronic inflammation and multimorbidity in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced model of accelerated aging. F814 mice showed significantly reduced inflammatory response to HFD in adipose and liver tissue, with significantly reduced levels of systemic inflammation compared to wild type mice. F814 mice were also protected from HFD-induced bone loss and cartilage degeneration. Pharmacological inhibition of gp130-Y814/SFK in mice on HFD mirrored the effects observed in F814 mice on HFD; furthermore, this pharmacological treatment also demonstrated a marked increase in physical activity levels and protective effects against inflammation-associated suppression of neurogenesis in the brain tissue compared to the control group. These findings suggest that selective inhibition of SFK signaling downstream of gp130 receptor represents a promising strategy to alleviate systemic chronic inflammation. Increased degenerative changes and tissue senescence are inevitable in obese and aged organisms, but we demonstrated that the systemic response and inflammation-associated multi-morbidity can be therapeutically mitigated.
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13
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Liang J, Yang K, Shen Y, Peng X, Tan H, Liu L, Xie Q, Wang Y. Incidence of collagen-induced arthritis is elevated by a high-fat diet without influencing body weight in mice. RMD Open 2024; 10:e003869. [PMID: 38580349 PMCID: PMC11002344 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kuangyang Yang
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Yanni Shen
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Hao Tan
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Lichu Liu
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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14
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Boussamet L, Montassier E, Mathé C, Garcia A, Morille J, Shah S, Dugast E, Wiertlewski S, Gourdel M, Bang C, Stürner KH, Masson D, Nicot AB, Vince N, Laplaud DA, Feinstein DL, Berthelot L. Investigating the metabolite signature of an altered oral microbiota as a discriminant factor for multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7786. [PMID: 38565581 PMCID: PMC10987558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis (MS), alterations of the gut microbiota lead to inflammation. However, the role of other microbiomes in the body in MS has not been fully elucidated. In a pilot case-controlled study, we carried out simultaneous characterization of faecal and oral microbiota and conducted an in-depth analysis of bacterial alterations associated with MS. Using 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolic inference tools, we compared the oral/faecal microbiota and bacterial metabolism pathways in French MS patients (n = 14) and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 21). A classification model based on metabolite flux balance was established and validated in an independent German cohort (MS n = 12, HV n = 38). Our analysis revealed decreases in diversity indices and oral/faecal compartmentalization, the depletion of commensal bacteria (Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus in saliva and Coprobacter and Roseburia in faeces) and enrichment of inflammation-associated bacteria in MS patients (Leptotrichia and Fusobacterium in saliva and Enterobacteriaceae and Actinomyces in faeces). Several microbial pathways were also altered (the polyamine pathway and remodelling of bacterial surface antigens and energetic metabolism) while flux balance analysis revealed associated alterations in metabolite production in MS (nitrogen and nucleoside). Based on this analysis, we identified a specific oral metabolite signature in MS patients, that could discriminate MS patients from HV and rheumatoid arthritis patients. This signature allowed us to create and validate a discrimination model on an independent cohort, which reached a specificity of 92%. Overall, the oral and faecal microbiomes were altered in MS patients. This pilot study highlights the need to study the oral microbiota and oral health implications in patients with autoimmune diseases on a larger scale and suggests that knowledge of the salivary microbiome could help guide the identification of new pathogenic mechanisms associated with the microbiota in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Boussamet
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuel Montassier
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
- Emergency Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Camille Mathé
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Jérémy Morille
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sita Shah
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Emilie Dugast
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sandrine Wiertlewski
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
- Neurology Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | | | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Klarissa H Stürner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Damien Masson
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud B Nicot
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Vince
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - David-Axel Laplaud
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France
- Neurology Department, Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 835 South Wolcott Ave, MC513, E720, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CHU de Nantes, CR2TI (Center for Research On Transplantation and Translational Immunology), 30 Bd Jean Monnet, 44000, Nantes, France.
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15
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Castro R, Kalecký K, Huang NK, Petersen K, Singh V, Ross AC, Neuberger T, Bottiglieri T. A very-low carbohydrate content in a high-fat diet modifies the plasma metabolome and impacts systemic inflammation and experimental atherosclerosis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109562. [PMID: 38176626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KDs) are very high-fat low-carbohydrate diets that promote nutritional ketosis and are widely used for weight loss, although concerns about potential adverse cardiovascular effects remain. We investigated a very high-fat KD's vascular impact and plasma metabolic signature compared to a non-ketogenic high-fat diet (HFD). Apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE -/-) mice were fed a KD (%kcal:81:1:18, fat/carbohydrate/protein), a non-ketogenic high-fat diet with half of the fat content (HFD) (%kcal:40:42:18, fat/carbohydrate/protein) for 12 weeks. Plasma samples were used to quantify the major ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and several pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, and TNF alpha), and to targeted metabolomic profiling by mass spectrometry. In addition, aortic atherosclerotic lesions were quantified ex-vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 14-tesla system. KD was atherogenic when compared to the control diet, but KD mice, when compared to the HFD group (1) had markedly higher levels of BHB and lower levels of cytokines, confirming the presence of ketosis that alleviated the well-established fat-induced systemic inflammation; (2) displayed significant changes in the plasma metabolome that included a decrease in lipophilic metabolites and an increase in hydrophilic metabolites; (3) had significantly lower levels of several atherogenic lipid metabolites, including phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol esters, sphingomyelins, and ceramides; and (4) presented significantly lower aortic plaque burden. KD was atherogenic and was associated with specific metabolic changes but alleviated the fat-induced inflammation and lessened the progression of atherosclerosis when compared to the HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Castro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Karel Kalecký
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA; Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Neil K Huang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristina Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - A Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas Neuberger
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
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16
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Lohani SC, Ramer-Tait AE, Li Q. High-fat diet feeding exacerbates HIV-1 rectal transmission. mSystems 2024; 9:e0132223. [PMID: 38303112 PMCID: PMC10949459 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01322-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) is well known to impact various aspects of gut health and has been associated with many diseases and inflammation. However, the impact of HFD feeding on HIV-1 rectal transmission has not yet been well addressed. With an increasing threat of HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men (MSM), where the rectal route is the primary mode of infection, it is imperative to understand the impact of HFD on gut microbiota and inflammation and consequently, its effect on HIV-1 rectal transmission. Here, we utilized our double humanized bone marrow, liver, thymus (dHu-BLT) mouse model to assess the impact of HFD feeding on the host's susceptibility to HIV-1 rectal transmission. We found that feeding an HFD successfully altered the gut microbial composition within 3 weeks in the dHu-BLT mouse model. In addition, levels of inflammatory mediators, specifically IL-12p70, IP-10, ICAM-1, and fecal calprotectin, were significantly higher in HFD-fed mice compared to control mice on a regular chow diet. We also observed that significantly different inflammatory markers (IL-12p70 and ICAM-1) were negatively correlated with the number of observed ASVs, Shannon diversity, and Faith's diversity in the HFD-fed group. Notably, when repeatedly challenged with a low dose of HIV-1 via a rectal route, mice receiving an HFD were significantly more susceptible to HIV-1 rectal infection than control mice. Together, these results underscore the impact of HFD feeding on the gut microbiota and inflammation and suggest the significance of diet-induced gut microbial dysbiosis and inflammation in promoting viral infection.IMPORTANCEHFD induces gut microbial dysbiosis and inflammation and has been associated with many infections and disease progression; however, its impact on HIV-1 rectal transmission is largely unknown. Given the increasing threat of HIV-1 incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM), it has become crucial to comprehend the impact of factors associated with gut health, like HFD consumption, on host susceptibility to HIV-1 rectal transmission. This is particularly important since anal intercourse remains the primary mode of HIV transmission within the MSM group. In this study, utilizing our unique mouse model, featuring both the human immune system and gut microbiota, we showed that HFD feeding led to gut microbial dysbiosis, induced inflammation, and increased HIV-1 rectal transmission. Collectively, our study highlights the significant impact of HFD on gut microbiota and inflammation and suggests an HFD consumption as a potential risk factor for promoting HIV-1 rectal susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj Chandra Lohani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amanda E. Ramer-Tait
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Qingsheng Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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17
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Herup-Wheeler T, Shi M, Harvey ME, Talwar C, Kommagani R, MacLean JA, Hayashi K. High-fat diets promote peritoneal inflammation and augment endometriosis-associated abdominal hyperalgesia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336496. [PMID: 38559689 PMCID: PMC10978581 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune dysfunction is one of the central components in the development and progression of endometriosis by establishing a chronic inflammatory environment. Western-style high-fat diets (HFD) have been linked to greater systemic inflammation to cause metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases, and are also considered an environmental risk factor for gynecologic diseases. Here, we aimed to examine how HFD cause an inflammatory environment in endometriosis and discern their contribution to endometriotic-associated hyperalgesia. Our results showed that HFD-induced obesity enhanced abdominal hyperalgesia that was induced by endometriotic lesions. Peritoneal inflammatory macrophages and cytokine levels increased by lesion induction were elevated by chronic exposure to HFD. Increased expression of pain-related mediators in the dorsal root ganglia was observed after lesion induction under the HFD condition. Although HFD did not affect inflammatory macrophages in the peritoneal cavity without lesion induction, the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota were clearly altered by HFD as a sign of low-grade systemic inflammation. Thus, HFD alone might not establish a local inflammatory environment in the pelvic cavity, but it can contribute to further enhancing chronic inflammation, leading to the exacerbation of endometriosis-associated abdominal hyperalgesia following the establishment and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristin Herup-Wheeler
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Mingxin Shi
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Madeleine E. Harvey
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - James A. MacLean
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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18
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Graybeal AJ, Brandner CF, Stavres J. Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:418-426. [PMID: 37882087 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this cross-sectional evaluation was to determine the associations between raw bioelectrical impedance and cardiometabolic health parameters in a sample of young non-Hispanic White and African American adults. METHODS A total of 96 (female: 52, male: 44) non-Hispanic White ( n = 45) and African American adults ( n = 51) between the ages of 19 and 37 yr (22.7 ± 3.83 yr) completed several fasted assessments including resting systolic blood pressure (rSBP), blood glucose (FBG), blood lipids, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy-derived measurements included phase angle, bioimpedance index (BI), impedance ratio (IR), reactance index (XCi), fat-free mass (FFM), FFM index (FFMi), and absolute (a) and relative (%) total body water (TBW) and extracellular (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF). All bioelectric variables were collected at 50 kHz other than IR (250 kHz/5 kHz). Multiple regressions were conducted and adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index. RESULTS rSBP was positively, and HDL was inversely, associated with all bioelectrical impedance and absolute hydration variables (all P ≤ 0.050) other than XCi for rSBP and XCi and FFMi for HDL. rSBP ( P < 0.001) was inversely, and HDL ( P = 0.034) was positively, associated with IR. FBG was positively associated with BI, XCi, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa (all P < 0.050). Metabolic syndrome severity was positively associated with BI, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa for women (all P ≤ 0.050) and with ICFa for African American women ( P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Given the rapid increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic health risks among young adults and the broad use of bioelectrical impedance in practice, the conflicting associations we observed in this age group suggest that bioelectrical impedance parameters should be used with caution in the context of cardiometabolic health risks and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Graybeal
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
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19
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Mallick R, Basak S, Das RK, Banerjee A, Paul S, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Fatty Acids and their Proteins in Adipose Tissue Inflammation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:35-51. [PMID: 37794302 PMCID: PMC10867084 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade adipose tissue inflammation is associated with metabolic disorders. Inflammation results from the intertwined cross-talks of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways in the immune response of adipose tissue. In addition, adipose FABP4 levels and lipid droplet proteins are involved in systemic and tissue inflammation. Dysregulated adipocytes help infiltrate immune cells derived from bone marrow responsible for producing cytokines and chemokines. When adipose tissue expands in excess, adipocyte exhibits increased secretion of adipokines and is implicated in metabolic disturbances due to the release of free fatty acids. This review presents an emerging concept in adipose tissue fat metabolism, fatty acid handling and binding proteins, and lipid droplet proteins and their involvement in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ranjit K Das
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, Queretaro, 76130, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
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20
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Imdad S, So B, Jang J, Park J, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Kang C. Temporal variations in the gut microbial diversity in response to high-fat diet and exercise. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3282. [PMID: 38332014 PMCID: PMC10853223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced obesity is a pandemic caused by an inactive lifestyle and increased consumption of Western diets and is a major risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, exercise can positively influence gut microbial diversity and is linked to a decreased inflammatory state. To understand the gut microbial variations associated with exercise and high-fat diet over time, we conducted a longitudinal study to examine the effect of covariates on gut microbial diversity and composition. Young mice were divided into four groups: Chow-diet (CHD), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet + exercise (HFX), and exercise only (EXE) and underwent experimental intervention for 12 weeks. Fecal samples at week 0 and 12 were collected for DNA extraction, followed by 16S library preparation and sequencing. Data were analyzed using QIIME 2, R and MicrobiomeAnalyst. The Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes ratio decreased fivefold in the HFD and HFX groups compared to that in the CHD and EXE groups and increased in the EXE group over time. Alpha diversity was significantly increased in the EXE group longitudinally (p < 0.02), whereas diversity (Shannon, Faith's PD, and Fisher) and richness (ACE) was significantly reduced in the HFD (p < 0.005) and HFX (p < 0.03) groups over time. Beta diversity, based on the Jaccard, Bray-Curtis, and unweighted UniFrac distance metrics, was significant among the groups. Prevotella, Paraprevotella, Candidatus arthromitus, Lactobacillus salivarius, L. reuteri, Roseburia, Bacteroides uniformis, Sutterella, and Corynebacterium were differentially abundant in the chow-diet groups (CHD and EXE). Exercise significantly reduced the proportion of taxa characteristic of a high-fat diet, including Butyricimonas, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Mucispirillum schaedleri. Diet, age, and exercise significantly contributed to explaining the bacterial community structure and diversity in the gut microbiota. Modulating the gut microbiota and maintaining its stability can lead to targeted microbiome therapies to manage chronic and recurrent diseases and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Imdad
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, South Korea
| | - Byunghun So
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Jinhan Park
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Sam-Jun Lee
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, College of Health, Welfare, and Education, Tong Myong University, Busan, 48520, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, South Korea.
| | - Chounghun Kang
- Molecular Metabolism in Health and Disease, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Sport Science Research Institute, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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21
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Tsuzuki T, Negishi T, Yukawa K. Effects of diallyl disulfide administration on insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Nutrition 2024; 118:112292. [PMID: 38042045 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a natural organosulfur compound found in garlic and related plants with various pharmacologic effects. However, whether DADS improves obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DADS on systemic IR in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. METHODS To induce obesity, 8-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (60% fat/kcal). The mice were assigned to three weight-matched groups: control (CON, n = 8), low-dose DADS (DADS-L, n = 8), and high-dose DADS (DADS-H, n = 9). The treated mice were orally administered DADS (25 or 100 mg/kg) 5 d/wk for 8 wk. At 15 wk of age, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed. Twenty-four hours after the final administration of DADS, epididymal fat and the liver were sampled after a 5-h fast. RESULTS DADS administration significantly attenuated body and fat weight gains during the experimental period. Additionally, systemic IR, as evaluated by ITT, was significantly improved by DADS administration in a dose-dependent manner. High-dose DADS administration significantly decreased liver triacylglycerol levels. Moreover, high-dose DADS administration decreased the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and significantly increased heat shock protein 72 expression in the liver. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that DADS administration alleviated systemic IR in obese mice. This may be associated with decreased hepatic fat accumulation and a heat shock protein 72-mediated decrease in JNK activity in the liver.
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22
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McLaughlin AP, Lambert E, Milton R, Mariani N, Kose M, Nikkheslat N, Patsalos O, Ferraro L, Chamseddine G, Panagiotopoulos S, Chang A, Ramar S, Patel A, Rubino F, Mondelli V. Peripheral inflammation associated with depression and reduced weight loss: a longitudinal study of bariatric patients. Psychol Med 2024; 54:601-610. [PMID: 37652080 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research implicates inflammation in the vicious cycle between depression and obesity, yet few longitudinal studies exist. The rapid weight loss induced by bariatric surgery is known to improve depressive symptoms dramatically, but preoperative depression diagnosis may also increase the risk for poor weight loss. Therefore, we investigated longitudinal associations between depression and inflammatory markers and their effect on weight loss and clinical outcomes in bariatric patients. METHODS This longitudinal observational study of 85 patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery included 41 cases with depression and 44 controls. Before and 6 months after surgery, we assessed depression by clinical interview and measured serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. RESULTS Before surgery, depression diagnosis was associated with significantly higher serum hsCRP, IL-6, and IL-6/10 ratio levels after controlling for confounders. Six months after surgery, patients with pre-existing depression still had significantly higher inflammation despite demonstrating similar weight loss to controls. Hierarchical regression showed higher baseline hsCRP levels predicted poorer weight loss (β = -0.28, p = 0.01) but had no effect on depression severity at follow-up (β = -0.02, p = 0.9). Instead, more severe baseline depressive symptoms and childhood emotional abuse predicted greater depression severity after surgery (β = 0.81, p < 0.001; and β = 0.31, p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Depression was significantly associated with higher inflammation beyond the effect of obesity and other confounders. Higher inflammation at baseline predicted poorer weight loss 6 months after surgery, regardless of depression diagnosis. Increased inflammation, rather than depression, may drive poor weight loss outcomes among bariatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P McLaughlin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ellen Lambert
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Milton
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicole Mariani
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Melisa Kose
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Naghmeh Nikkheslat
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Olivia Patsalos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luca Ferraro
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territorale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ghassan Chamseddine
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Spyros Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Avril Chang
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sasindran Ramar
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ameet Patel
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Francesco Rubino
- Department of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Diabetes & Nutritional Science Division, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, and King's College London, London, UK
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Dlamini M, Khathi A. Prediabetes-Associated Changes in Skeletal Muscle Function and Their Possible Links with Diabetes: A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:469. [PMID: 38203642 PMCID: PMC10778616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle plays a critical role in regulating systemic blood glucose homeostasis. Impaired skeletal muscle glucose homeostasis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been observed to significantly affect the whole-body glucose homeostasis, thereby resulting in other diabetic complications. T2DM does not only affect skeletal muscle glucose homeostasis, but it also affects skeletal muscle structure and functional capacity. Given that T2DM is a global health burden, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic medical therapies that will aid in the management of T2DM. Prediabetes (PreDM) is a prominent risk factor of T2DM that usually goes unnoticed in many individuals as it is an asymptomatic condition. Hence, research on PreDM is essential because establishing diabetic biomarkers during the prediabetic state would aid in preventing the development of T2DM, as PreDM is a reversible condition if it is detected in the early stages. The literature predominantly documents the changes in skeletal muscle during T2DM, but the changes in skeletal muscle during prediabetes are not well elucidated. In this review, we seek to review the existing literature on PreDM- and T2DM-associated changes in skeletal muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa;
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24
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Chen S, Dima C, Kharazmi MS, Yin L, Liu B, Jafari SM, Li Y. The colloid and interface strategies to inhibit lipid digestion for designing low-calorie food. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103011. [PMID: 37826977 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Although fat is one of the indispensable components of food flavor, excessive fat consumption could cause obesity, metabolism syndromes and an imbalance in the intestinal flora. In the pursuit of a healthy diet, designing fat reducing foods by inhibiting lipid digestion and calorie intake is a promising strategy. Altering the gastric emptying rates of lipids as well as acting on the lipase by suppressing the enzymatic activity or limiting lipase diffusion via interfacial modulation can effectively decrease lipolysis rates. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of colloid-based strategies that can be employed to retard lipid hydrolysis, including pancreatic lipase inhibitors, emulsion-based interfacial modulation and fat substitutes. Plants-/microorganisms-derived lipase inhibitors bind to catalytic active sites and change the enzymatic conformation to inhibit lipase activity. Introducing oil-in-water Pickering emulsions into the food can effectively delay lipolysis via steric hindrance of interfacial particulates. Regulating stability and physical states of emulsions can also affect the rate of hydrolysis by altering the active hydrolysis surface. 3D network structure assembled by fat substitutes with high viscosity can not only slow down the peristole and obstruct the diffusion of lipase to the oil droplets but also impede the transportation of lipolysis products to epithelial cells for adsorption. Their applications in low-calorie bakery, dairy and meat products were also discussed, emphasizing fat intake reduction, structure and flavor retention and potential health benefits. However, further application of these strategies in large-scale food production still requires more optimization on cost and lipid reducing effects. This review provides a comprehensive review on colloidal approaches, design, principles and applications of fat reducing strategies to meet the growing demand for healthier diet and offer practical insights for the low-calorie food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanan Chen
- Research Center of Food Colloids and Delivery of Functionality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Cristian Dima
- Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, "Domnească" Str. 111, Building F, Room 107, 800201, Galati, Romania
| | | | - Lijun Yin
- Research Center of Food Colloids and Delivery of Functionality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Yuan Li
- Research Center of Food Colloids and Delivery of Functionality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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25
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Silva RSD, Mendonça IP, Paiva IHRD, Souza JRBD, Peixoto CA. Fructooligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides improve hepatic steatosis via gut microbiota-brain axis modulation. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:760-780. [PMID: 37771001 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2262779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that gut dysbiosis is associated with the steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (MALSD) and its severity. This study evaluated the effects of two commercially available prebiotics fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides(GOS) on hepatic adipogenesis, inflammation, and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced MALSD. The results indicated that FOS and GOS effectively reduced insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, triglyceridemia, cholesterolaemia, and IL-1β serum levels. Moreover, FOS and GOS modulated the lipogenic (SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS) and lipolytic (ATGL) signalling pathways, and reduced inflammatory markers such as p-NFκB-65, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and nitrotyrosine. FOS and GOS also enhanced the abundance of acetate producers' bacteria Bacteroides acidifaciens and Bacteroides dorei. FOS and GOS also induced positive POMC/GPR43 neurons at the arcuate nucleus, indicating hypothalamic signalling modulation. Our results suggest that FOS and GOS attenuated MALSD by reducing the hepatic lipogenic pathways and intestinal permeability through the gut microbiota-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Soares da Silva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Prata Mendonça
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Igor Henrique Rodrigues de Paiva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
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Zeng F, Li Y, Zhang X, Feng J, Gu W, Shen L, Huang W. Arctium lappa L. roots inhibit the intestinal inflammation of dietary obese rats through TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21562. [PMID: 38027866 PMCID: PMC10663856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term consumption of Arctium lappa L. roots can lead to weight loss. To explore the relationship between anti-obesity and anti-inflammation, the effects and mechanism of A. lappa L. root powder (ARP) on intestinal inflammation in obese rats were investigated. Dietary obese rats were successfully established by feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet. The control group (n = 6) consumed a normal diet. The intestines were compared among the groups (each n = 6) with and without the administration of ARP (intragastric 7.5 g/kg·bw/d). Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis revealed that ARP effectively inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines in the colons of obese rats. These cytokines included interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. The inhibition rates for all these cytokines exceeded 88 %. Moreover, ARP demonstrated the ability to down-regulate key genes involved in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) complexes, namely Tlr4, myeloid differentiation protein-2 (Md2), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88), along with downstream signaling molecules such as tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), with inhibition rates over 81 %. Additionally, ARP was observed to inhibit protein levels of TLR4, NF-κB, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the colons of obese rats, with inhibition rates of 65.6 ± 10.9 %, 84.4 ± 19.9 %, 80.8 ± 14.4 %, and 68.4 ± 17.5 %, respectively. This study confirmed the effectiveness of ARP in inhibiting intestinal inflammation through the blockade of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. It also suggested that ARP holds potential in improving intestinal health in the context of obesity, implying its possible application in the prevention and treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, PR China
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Jin Feng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Wen Gu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Li Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, PR China
| | - Wuyang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, PR China
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
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27
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Yan H, Ding M, Peng T, Zhang P, Tian R, Zheng L. Regular Exercise Modulates the dfoxo/ dsrebp Pathway to Alleviate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity and Cardiac Dysfunction in Drosophila. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15562. [PMID: 37958546 PMCID: PMC10650635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a prevalent metabolic disorder associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular conditions. While exercise is recognized as an effective approach for preventing and treating obesity, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of regular exercise on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and cardiac dysfunction in Drosophila, shedding light on its molecular mechanisms by identifying its regulation of the dfoxo and dsrebp signaling pathways. Our findings demonstrated that a high-fat diet leads to weight gain, fat accumulation, reduced climbing performance, and elevated triglyceride levels in Drosophila. Additionally, cardiac microfilaments in these flies exhibited irregularities, breakages, and shortening. M-mode analysis revealed that high-fat-diet-fed Drosophila displayed increased heart rates, shortened cardiac cycles, decreased systolic intervals, heightened arrhythmia indices, reduced diastolic diameters, and diminished fractional shortening. Remarkably, regular exercise effectively ameliorated these adverse outcomes. Further analysis showed that regular exercise reduced fat synthesis, promoted lipolysis, and mitigated high-fat-diet-induced cardiac dysfunction in Drosophila. These results suggest that regular exercise may mitigate high-fat-diet-induced obesity and cardiac dysfunction in Drosophila by regulating the dfoxo and dsrebp signaling pathways, offering valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on obesity and cardiac dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China; (H.Y.); (M.D.); (T.P.); (P.Z.); (R.T.)
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28
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Li X, Morel JD, Benegiamo G, Poisson J, Bachmann A, Rapin A, Sulc J, Williams E, Perino A, Schoonjans K, Bou Sleiman M, Auwerx J. Genetic and dietary modulators of the inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal tract of the BXD mouse genetic reference population. eLife 2023; 12:RP87569. [PMID: 37855835 PMCID: PMC10586803 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory gut disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), can be impacted by dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. While the incidence of IBD is increasing worldwide, we still lack a complete understanding of the gene-by-environment interactions underlying inflammation and IBD. Here, we profiled the colon transcriptome of 52 BXD mouse strains fed with a chow or high-fat diet (HFD) and identified a subset of BXD strains that exhibit an IBD-like transcriptome signature on HFD, indicating that an interplay of genetics and diet can significantly affect intestinal inflammation. Using gene co-expression analyses, we identified modules that are enriched for IBD-dysregulated genes and found that these IBD-related modules share cis-regulatory elements that are responsive to the STAT2, SMAD3, and REL transcription factors. We used module quantitative trait locus analyses to identify genetic loci associated with the expression of these modules. Through a prioritization scheme involving systems genetics in the mouse and integration with external human datasets, we identified Muc4 and Epha6 as the top candidates mediating differences in HFD-driven intestinal inflammation. This work provides insights into the contribution of genetics and diet to IBD risk and identifies two candidate genes, MUC4 and EPHA6, that may mediate IBD susceptibility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jean-David Morel
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Giorgia Benegiamo
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Johanne Poisson
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alexis Bachmann
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alexis Rapin
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jonathan Sulc
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Evan Williams
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Alessia Perino
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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29
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Li D, Zhou J, Wang L, Gong Z, Le H, Huang Y, Xu C, Tian C, Cai W, Wu J. Gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid facilitates Th17 differentiation through modulating cholesterol biosynthesis and participates in high-fat diet-associated colonic inflammation. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:186. [PMID: 37789469 PMCID: PMC10548658 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat diet (HFD) is closely associated with the increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Excessive gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid (DCA) caused by HFD plays significant roles in eliciting intestinal inflammation, however, the mechanism underlining the induction of inflammatory response by DCA has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of DCA in the triggering of inflammation via affecting CD4+ T cell differentiation. RESULTS Murine CD4+T cells were cultured under Th1, Th2 or Th17-polarizing conditions treated with or without different dosage of DCA, and flowcytometry was conducted to detect the effect of DCA on CD4+ T cell differentiation. Alteration of gene expression in CD4+ T cells upon DCA treatment was determined by RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis, cholesterol metabolic profiling, ChIP assay and immuno-fluorescent staining were further applied to explore the DCA-regulated pathway that involved in CD4+T cell differentiation. The results showed that DCA could dose-dependently promote the differentiation of CD4+ T cell into Th17 linage with pathogenic signature. Mechanistically, DCA stimulated the expression of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes CYP51 and led to the increased generation of endogenous RORγt agonists, including zymosterol and desmosterol, therefore facilitating Th17 differentiation. Up-regulation of CYP51 by DCA was largely mediated via targeting transcription factor SREBP2 and at least partially through bile acid receptor TGR5. In addition, DCA-supplemented diet significantly increased intestinal Th17 cell infiltration and exacerbated TNBS-induced colitis. Administration of cholestyramine to eliminate fecal bile acid obviously alleviated colonic inflammation accompanied by decreased Th17 cells in HFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data establish a link between DCA-induced cholesterol biosynthesis in immune cells and gut inflammation. Modulation of bile acid level or targeting cholesterol metabolic pathway may be potential therapeutic measurements for HFD-related colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiefei Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizhen Gong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Le
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Congfeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Proteomics-Driven Cancer Precision Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China.
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Kumar R, Rizvi SI. Vitamin C Improves Inflammatory-related Redox Status in Hyperlipidemic Rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2023; 38:512-518. [PMID: 37746546 PMCID: PMC10516823 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Excessive dietary fat is mainly responsible for metabolic diseases including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We have evaluated the role of Vitamin C in an experimental hyperlipidemic model of rats (male Wistar rat 12-16 months). The hyperlipidemic model of the rat was created by treatment with an atherogenic suspension: cholesterol, cholic acid, and coconut oil, for 30 days once daily, and supplemented with Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) doses of 0.5 g/kg body weight (orally) for the 30 days once daily. Bodyweight, fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, ROS (Reactive oxygen species), MDA (Malondialdehyde), FRAP (Ferric reducing the ability of plasma), GSH (Reduced glutathione), PCO (Protein carbonyl), PON-1(Paraoxonase-1), AGE (Advanced glycation end product), PMRS (Plasma membrane reduced system), and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were estimated in blood and plasma. Our result shows that oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers, were increased in the HFD-treated group of rats. Vitamin C supplementation protected against lipidemic and, oxidative stress. We conclude that Vitamin C may be useful in maintaining cellular redox balance and protecting against lipidemic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, 211002 Allahabad, India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, 211002 Allahabad, India
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Williamson A, da Silva A, do Carmo JM, Le Maitre C, Hall JE, Aberdein N. Impact of leptin deficiency on male tibia and vertebral body 3D bone architecture independent of changes in body weight. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:10.14814/phy2.15832. [PMID: 37786973 PMCID: PMC10546263 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin an adipokine with potent effects on energy balance and body weight plays an important role in defining bone architecture in growing mammals. However, major changes in body weight can also influence morphology of trabecular and cortical bone. Therefore, we examined the impact of leptin deficiency on tibia and vertebral body 3D bone architecture independent of changes in body weight. Furthermore, advances in computational 3D image analysis suggest that average morphological values may mask regional specific differences in trabecular bone thickness. The study utilized leptin-deficient Ob/Ob mice (n = 8) weight-paired to C57BL/6 (C57) control mice (n = 8) which were split into either lean or obese groups for 24 ± 2 weeks. Whole tibias and L3 vertebrae were fixed before high resolution microcomputed tomography (μCT) scanning was performed. Leptin deficiency independent of body weight reduced tibia cortical bone volume, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume, number, and mineral density. Mean tibia trabecular thickness showed no significant differences between all groups; however, significant changes in trabecular thickness were found when analyzed by region. This study demonstrates that leptin deficiency significantly impacts tibia and vertebral body trabecular and cortical bone 3D architecture independent of changes in body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Williamson
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and ChemistrySheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
| | - Alexandre da Silva
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Jussara M. do Carmo
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Christine L. Le Maitre
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and ChemistrySheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
| | - John E. Hall
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Nicola Aberdein
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Department of Bioscience and ChemistrySheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
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Yao C, Gou X, Tian C, Zhou L, Hao R, Wan L, Wang Z, Li M, Tong X. Key regulators of intestinal stem cells: diet, microbiota, and microbial metabolites. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:735-746. [PMID: 36566949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between diet and the intestinal microbiome play an important role in human health and disease development. It is well known that such interactions, whether direct or indirect, trigger a series of metabolic reactions in the body. Evidence suggests that intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which are phenotypic precursors of various intestinal epithelial cells, play a significant role in the regulation of intestinal barrier function and homeostasis. The advent and evolution of intestinal organoid culture techniques have presented a key opportunity to study the association between the intestinal microenvironment and ISCs. As a result, the effects exerted by dietary factors, intestinal microbiomes, and their metabolites on the metabolic regulation of ISCs and the potential mechanisms underlying such effects are being gradually revealed. This review summarises the effects of different dietary patterns on the behaviour and functioning of ISCs and focuses on the crosstalk between intestinal microbiota, related metabolites, and ISCs, with the aim of fully understanding the relationship between these three factors and providing further insights into the complex mechanisms associated with ISCs in the human body. Gaining an understanding of these mechanisms may lead to the development of novel dietary interventions or drugs conducive to intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensi Yao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaowen Gou
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chuanxi Tian
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Wan
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130017, China.
| | - Min Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital of China, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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Abasubong KP, Jiang GZ, Guo HX, Wang X, Huang YY, Dai YJ, Li XF, Dong YZ, Gabriel NN, Liu WB. Oral bovine serum albumin administration alleviates inflammatory signals and improves antioxidant capacity and immune response under thioacetamide stress in blunt snout bream fed a high-calorie diet. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:108996. [PMID: 37579810 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
This investigation looks at the impact of oral bovine serum albumin (BSA) on antioxidants, immune responses, and inflammation signals in blunt snout bream fed a high-calorie diet. 480 fish (average weight: 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were randomly fed a control diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), a high carbohydrate diet (HCD), and a high-energy diet (HED) in six replicates for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish were orally administered with 10% BSA for 10 h, then blood and liver samples from five fish were randomly obtained after 10 h to determine plasma inflammatory markers and inorganic components. Also, the leftover fish were injected with thioacetamide, blood and liver samples were simultaneously obtained at 12, 48, and 96 h, respectively, to determine antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory signals, with survival rates recorded at the same time interval. After 10 h, plasma inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factors (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), nitric oxide (NO), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), and cortisol were significantly improved in fish fed HCD and HED as compared to the control. After thioacetamide stress, plasma lysozyme (LYM), complement 3, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and alkaline phosphatase activities, as well as immunoglobulin M, levels all increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing time with maximum value attained at 96 h, but shows no difference among dietary treatment. Similar results were observed in liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but tended to reduce at 96 h. nf-kb, tnf-α, and mcp-1 tend to decrease with the minimum value attained at 48 h and gradually decrease with increasing time at 96 h. After 96 h of the thioacetamide (TAA) challenge, the survival rate of blunt snout bream fed with an HFD and HCD was significantly lower (P < 0.05) at 48, and 96 h before the administration of BSA. However, no differences were observed among dietary treatments after the BSA administration. Overall, this study indicated that oral dietary administration of BSA might greatly enhance the antioxidant capability and innate immunity and mitigates inflammation signals after TAA stress in blunt snout bream fed high energy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Prudence Abasubong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Zou Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel
- Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Sam Nujoma Campus, University of Namibia, Private Bag 462, Henties Bay, 9000, Namibia
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Directo D, Lee SR. Cancer Cachexia: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Interventions. Metabolites 2023; 13:1024. [PMID: 37755304 PMCID: PMC10538050 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia, a multifactorial metabolic syndrome developed during malignant tumor growth, is characterized by an accelerated loss of body weight accompanied by the depletion of skeletal muscle mass. This debilitating condition is associated with muscle degradation, impaired immune function, reduced functional capacity, compromised quality of life, and diminished survival in cancer patients. Despite the lack of the known capability of fully reversing or ameliorating this condition, ongoing research is shedding light on promising preclinical approaches that target the disrupted mechanisms in the pathophysiology of cancer cachexia. This comprehensive review delves into critical aspects of cancer cachexia, including its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, preclinical models for studying the progression of cancer cachexia, methods for clinical assessment, relevant biomarkers, and potential therapeutic strategies. These discussions collectively aim to contribute to the evolving foundation for effective, multifaceted counteractive strategies against this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang-Rok Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA;
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Lim JJ, Reginald K, Say YH, Liu MH, Chew FT. A dietary pattern of frequent plant-based foods intake reduced the associated risks for atopic dermatitis exacerbation: Insights from the Singapore/Malaysia cross-sectional genetics epidemiology cohort. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1818. [PMID: 37726698 PMCID: PMC10508008 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been increasing in recent years, especially in Asia. There is growing evidence to suggest the importance of dietary patterns in the development and management of AD. Here, we seek to understand how certain dietary patterns in a Singapore/Malaysia population are associated with various risks of AD development and exacerbation. METHODS A standardized questionnaire following the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) guidelines was investigator-administered to a clinically and epidemiology well-defined allergic cohort of 13,561 young Chinese adults aged 19-22. Information on their sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary habits, and personal and family medical atopic histories were obtained. Allergic sensitization was assessed by a skin prick test to mite allergens. Spearman's rank-order correlation was used to assess the correlation between the intake frequencies of 16 food types. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Four corresponding dietary scores were derived to examine the association of identified dietary patterns with allergic sensitization and AD exacerbations through a multivariable logistic regression that controlled for age, gender, parental eczema, BMI, and lifestyle factors. RESULTS The correlation is the strongest between the intake of butter and margarine (R = 0.65). We identified four dietary patterns, "high-calorie foods", "plant-based foods", "meat and rice", and "probiotics, milk and eggs", and these accounted for 47.4% of the variance in the dietary habits among the subjects. Among these patterns, moderate-to-high intake of "plant-based foods" conferred a negative association for chronic (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.706; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.589-0.847; p < 0.001) and moderate-to-severe AD (AOR: 0.756; 95% CI: 0.638-0.897; p < 0.01). "Meat and rice" and "probiotics, milk and eggs" were not significantly associated with AD exacerbation. While frequent adherence to "high-calorie foods" increased the associated risks for ever AD and moderate-to-severe AD, having a higher adherence to "plant-based foods" diminished the overall associated risks. CONCLUSIONS Frequent adherence to "plant-based foods" was associated with reduced risks for AD exacerbation in young Chinese adults from Singapore/Malaysia. This provides the initial evidence to support the association between dietary factors and AD. Further research is needed to better understand the pathomechanisms underlying diet and AD exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jie Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Kavita Reginald
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yee-How Say
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mei Hui Liu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
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de Paiva IHR, da Silva RS, Mendonça IP, Duarte-Silva E, Botelho de Souza JR, Peixoto CA. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and Galactooligosaccharide (GOS) Improve Neuroinflammation and Cognition By Up-regulating IRS/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Diet-induced Obese Mice. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:427-447. [PMID: 37382830 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that prebiotics as an alternative treatment for neuropsychiatric diseases. This study evaluated the prebiotics Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on the modulation of neuroinflammation and cognition in an experimental model of mice high-fat diet fed. Initially, mice were distributed in the following groups: (A) control standard diet (n = 15) and (B) HFD for 18 weeks (n = 30). In the 13th week, the mice were later divided into the following experimental groups: (A) Control (n = 15); (B) HFD (n = 14); and (C) HFD + Prebiotics (n = 14). From the 13th week, the HFD + Prebiotics group received a high-fat diet and a combination of FOS and GOS. In the 18th week, all animals performed the T-maze and Barnes Maze, and were later euthanized. Biochemical and molecular analyzes were performed to assess neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and intestinal inflammation. Mice fed HFD had higher blood glucose, triglyceridemia, cholesterolemia, and higher serum IL-1β associated with impaired learning and memory. These obese mice also showed activation of microglia and astrocytes and significant immunoreactivity of neuroinflammatory and apoptosis markers, such as TNF-α, COX-2, and Caspase-3, in addition to lower expression of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity markers, such as NeuN, KI-67, CREB-p, and BDNF. FOS and GOS treatment significantly improved the biochemistry profile and decreased serum IL-1β levels. Treatment with FOS and GOS also reduced TNF-α, COX-2, Caspase-3, Iba-1, and GFAP-positive cells in the dentate gyrus, decreasing neuroinflammation and neuronal death caused by chronic HFD consumption. In addition, FOS and GOS promoted synaptic plasticity by increasing NeuN, p-CREB, BDNF, and KI-67, restoring spatial learning ability and memory. Moreover, FOS and GOS on HFD modulated the insulin pathway, which was proved by up-regulating IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, followed by a decreasing Aβ plate and Tau phosphorylation. Furthermore, the prebiotic intervention reshaped the HFD-induced imbalanced gut microbiota by modulating the composition of the bacterial community, markedly increasing Bacteroidetes. In addition, prebiotics decreased intestinal inflammation and leaky gut. In conclusion, FOS and GOS significantly modulated the gut microbiota and IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, decreased neuroinflammation, and promoted neuroplasticity improving spatial learning and memory. Schematic summarizing of the pathways by FOS and GOS improves memory and learning through the gut-brain axis. FOS and GOS improve the microbial profile, reducing intestinal inflammation and leaky gut in the distal colon. Specifically, the administration of FOS and GOS decreases the expression of TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP9 and increases the expression of occludin and IL-10. Prebiotics inhibit neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and reactive gliosis in the hippocampus but restore synaptic plasticity, neuronal proliferation, and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Henrique Rodrigues de Paiva
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, CEP, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Soares da Silva
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, CEP, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Prata Mendonça
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, CEP, 50670-420, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences/Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte-Silva
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, CEP, 50670-420, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology for Health (PPGBBS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PE)/Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife, CEP, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Institute of Science and Technology On Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Wilson SMG, Peach JT, Fausset H, Miller ZT, Walk ST, Yeoman CJ, Bothner B, Miles MP. Metabolic impact of polyphenol-rich aronia fruit juice mediated by inflammation status of gut microbiome donors in humanized mouse model. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1244692. [PMID: 37727634 PMCID: PMC10505616 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1244692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Aronia melanocarpa fruit is emerging as a health food owing to its high polyphenolic content and associated antioxidant activity. Antioxidant-rich foods, such as Aronia fruit, may counter inflammatory stimuli and positively modulate the gut microbiome. However, a comprehensive study characterizing the impact of Aronia fruit supplementation has not been completed. Therefore, we completed analyses measuring the metabolic, microbial, and inflammatory effects of a diet supplemented with Aronia fruit juice. Method Humanized mice were generated by colonizing gnotobiotic mice with microbiomes from human donors presenting disparate inflammation levels. Blood and fecal samples were collected throughout the course of an 8-week dietary intervention with either Aronia juice or a carbohydrate-matched beverage alone (2 weeks) or in combination with a high-fat diet to induce inflammation (6 weeks). Samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (stool) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (serum). Results We demonstrated transfer of microbiome composition and diversity and metabolic characteristics from humans with low and high inflammation levels to second-generation humanized mice. Aronia supplementation provided robust protection against high-fat diet induced metabolic and microbiome changes that were dependent in part on microbiome donor. Aronia induced increases in bacteria of the Eggerthellaceae genus (7-fold) which aligns with its known ability to metabolize (poly)phenols and in phosphatidylcholine metabolites which are consistent with improved gut barrier function. The gut microbiome from a low inflammation phenotype donor provided protection against high-fat diet induced loss of microbiome β-diversity and global metabolomic shifts compared to that from the high inflammation donor. Conclusion These metabolic changes elucidate pathway-specific drivers of reduced inflammation stemming from both Aronia and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. G. Wilson
- Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Kinesiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Jesse T. Peach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Hunter Fausset
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Zachary T. Miller
- Department of Research Centers, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Seth T. Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Carl J. Yeoman
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Mary P. Miles
- Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Kinesiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
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Chan CW, Lin BF. Folate Deficiency Enhanced Inflammation and Exacerbated Renal Fibrosis in High-Fat High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3616. [PMID: 37630806 PMCID: PMC10458828 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing simultaneously and rapidly worldwide. Our previous study showed that folate deficiency increased lipid accumulation and leptin production of adipocytes. Whether folate plays a role in CKD, particularly obesity-related nephropathy remains unclear. To investigate the effects of folate deficiency on CKD in diet-induced obese mice, four groups of male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a normal-fat diet (NF) with folate (NF+f); NF without folate (NF-f); high-fat high-fructose diet (HFF) with folate (HFF+f); or HFF without folate (HFF-f) for 12 months during the study. The results showed that HFF increased not only body weight, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and blood pressure, but also cytokines levels, such as interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17A/F, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. The indicators of kidney failure including urinary protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), renal type I and IV collagen deposits and leptin content, and serum creatinine were also increased by HFF. Folate-deficient diets further elevated serum TC, LDL-cholesterol, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, MCP-1, TGF-β1, and leptin, but decreased IL-10 level, and thus exacerbated renal fibrosis. To investigate the possible mechanisms of folate deficiency on renal injury, phosphorylation of pro-fibrosis signaling molecules, including signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)2/3, were assayed. Both HFF and folate deficiency significantly increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 and Smad2/3, suggesting synergistic effects of HFF-f on chronic renal inflammation and fibrosis. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that folate deficiency might aggravate inflammatory status and enhance renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bi-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
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Mitchell SB, Hung YH, Thorn TL, Zou J, Baser F, Gulec S, Cheung C, Aydemir TB. Sucrose-induced hyperglycemia dysregulates intestinal zinc metabolism and integrity: risk factors for chronic diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1220533. [PMID: 37637953 PMCID: PMC10450956 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1220533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Zinc is an essential micronutrient that is critical for many physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, regulation of inflammation, and intestinal barrier function. Further, zinc dysregulation is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammatory diseases such as type II diabetes, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease. However, whether altered zinc status is a symptom or cause of disease onset remains unclear. Common symptoms of these three chronic diseases include the onset of increased intestinal permeability and zinc dyshomeostasis. The specific focus of this work is to investigate how dietary sources of intestinal permeability, such as high sucrose consumption, impact transporter-mediated zinc homeostasis and subsequent zinc-dependent physiology contributing to disease development. Method We used in vivo subchronic sucrose treatment, ex vivo intestinal organoid culture, and in vitro cell systems. We analyze the alterations in zinc metabolism and intestinal permeability and metabolic outcomes. Results We found that subchronic sucrose treatment resulted in systemic changes in steady-state zinc distribution and increased 65Zn transport (blood-to-intestine) along with greater ZIP14 expression at the basolateral membrane of the intestine. Further, sucrose treatment enhanced cell survival of intestinal epithelial cells, activation of the EGFR-AKT-STAT3 pathway, and intestinal permeability. Conclusion Our work suggests that subchronic high sucrose consumption alters systemic and intestinal zinc homeostasis linking diet-induced changes in zinc homeostasis to the intestinal permeability and onset of precursors for chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Han Hung
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Trista Lee Thorn
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Jiaqi Zou
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Filiz Baser
- Molecular Nutrition and Human Physiology Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Sukru Gulec
- Molecular Nutrition and Human Physiology Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Celeste Cheung
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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40
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Lin L, Basu R, Chatterjee D, Templin AT, Flak JN, Johnson TS. Disease-associated astrocytes and microglia markers are upregulated in mice fed high fat diet. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12919. [PMID: 37558676 PMCID: PMC10412627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes risk, which share features such as insulin resistance and amylin deposition. We examined gene expression associated with astrocytes and microglia since dysfunction of these cell types is implicated in AD pathogenesis. We hypothesize gene expression changes in disease-associated astrocytes (DAA), disease-associated microglia and human Alzheimer's microglia exist in diabetic and obese individuals before AD development. By analyzing bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data generated from brains of mice fed HFD and humans with AD, 11 overlapping AD-associated differentially expressed genes were identified, including Kcnj2, C4b and Ddr1, which are upregulated in response to both HFD and AD. Analysis of single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data indicated C4b is astrocyte specific. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) revealed C4b colocalizes with Gfad, a known astrocyte marker, and the colocalization of C4b expressing cells with Gad2 expressing cells, i.e., GABAergic neurons, in mouse brain. There also exists a positive correlation between C4b and Gad2 expression in ST indicating a potential interaction between DAA and GABAergic neurons. These findings provide novel links between the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes and AD and identify C4b as a potential early marker for AD in obese or diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rashmita Basu
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Debolina Chatterjee
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew T Templin
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan N Flak
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Travis S Johnson
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Jung J, Kang J, Kim T. Attenuation of homeostatic sleep response and rest-activity circadian rhythm in vitamin D deficient mice. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1097-1110. [PMID: 37661839 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2253299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The link between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and sleep disturbances has long been suggested. However, the direct causality between VDD, sleep disturbances, and circadian rhythm remains unclear. We aimed to characterize sleep-wake behavior and circadian rhythms in an animal model of VDD. VDD was induced by feeding vitamin D-deficient chow, and we analyzed sleep and circadian rhythm parameters. During light period, VDD mice exhibited reduced wake with more frequent wake bouts and increased NREM sleep time. However, during dark period, the wake EEG power spectrum peaked at theta band frequency, and slow-wave energy was suppressed in mice with VDD. Rest-activity analyses revealed increased circadian period, lower wheel counts, and more frequent and short activity bouts during VDD. Combining sleep and circadian data, we found significantly suppressed activities during the hours with a wake duration shorter than 30 minutes. Moreover, mice in VDD state exhibited a negative correlation between wake theta power and hourly wheel-running counts during dark period. Our data point to a direct link between VDD and disturbances in sleep and rest-activity circadian rhythm, featuring frequent wake bouts during the sleeping phase, reduced sleep pressure build-up in dark period, and reduced activity levels due to increased susceptibility to sleepiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Li X, Huang G, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Zhang R, Zhu W, Yu K. Succinate signaling attenuates high-fat diet-induced metabolic disturbance and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106865. [PMID: 37482326 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Succinate is a vital signaling metabolite produced by the host and gut microbiota. Succinate has been shown to regulate host metabolic homeostasis and inhibit obesity-associated inflammation in macrophages by engaging its cognate receptor, SUCNR1. However, the contribution of the succinate-SUCNR1 axis to intestinal barrier dysfunction in obesity remains unclear. In the present study, we explored the effects of succinate-SUCNR1 signaling on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Using a SUCNR1-deficient mouse model under HFD feeding conditions, we identified the effects of succinate-SUCNR1 axis on obesity-associated intestinal barrier impairment. Our results showed that HFD administration decreased goblet cell numbers and mucus production, promoted intestinal pro-inflammatory responses, induced gut microbiota composition imbalance, increased intestinal permeability, and caused mucosal barrier dysfunction. Dietary succinate supplementation was sufficient to activate a type 2 immune response, trigger the differentiation of barrier-promoting goblet cells, suppress intestinal inflammation, restore HFD-induced mucosal barrier impairment and intestinal dysbiosis, and eventually exert anti-obesity effects. However, SUNNR1-deficient mice failed to improve the intestinal barrier function and metabolic phenotype in HFD mice. Our data indicate the protective role of the succinate-SUCNR1 axis in HFD-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guowen Huang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuting Ren
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruofan Zhang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kaifan Yu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Kuroiwa T, Lui H, Nakagawa K, Iida N, Desrochers C, Wan R, Adam E, Larson D, Amadio P, Gingery A. Impact of High Fat Diet and Sex in a Rabbit Model of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.15.549152. [PMID: 37546859 PMCID: PMC10402177 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.15.549152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, characterized by fibrosis of the subsynovial connective tissue (SSCT) mediated by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Risk factors for CTS include metabolic dysfunction and age. Additionally, the incidence of CTS is higher in women. In this study we hypothesized that a high-fat diet (HFD), a common driver of metabolic dysfunction, would promote SSCT fibrosis found in CTS and that this response would be sex dependent. To test this, we examined the effects of HFD and sex on SSCT fibrosis using our established rabbit model of CTS. Forty-eight (24 male, 24 female) adult rabbits were divided into four groups including HFD or standard diet with and without CTS induction. SSCT was collected for histological and gene expression analysis. HFD promoted SSCT thickening and upregulated profibrotic genes, including TGF-β. Fibrotic genes were differentially expressed in males and females. Interestingly while the prevalence of CTS is greater in women than in men, the converse is observed in the presence of metabolic dysfunction. This work recapitulates this clinical observation and begins to elucidate the sex-based differences found in SSCT fibrosis. This knowledge should drive further research and may lead to metabolic and sex specific therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with CTS.
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44
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Debler RA, Madison CA, Hillbrick L, Gallegos P, Safe S, Chapkin RS, Eitan S. Selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulators can act as antidepressants in obese female mice. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:409-419. [PMID: 37084978 PMCID: PMC10561895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese females are more likely to suffer from depression and are also more likely to be resistant to current medications. This study examined the potential antidepressant-like effects of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-napthoic acid (DHNA), a selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulator (SAhRM), in obese female mice. METHODS Obesity was established by feeding C57BL/6N female mice a high fat diet (HFD) for 9-10 weeks. Subsequently, mice were subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) or remained unstressed. Daily administration of vehicle or 20 mg/kg DHNA began three weeks prior or on the third week of UCMS. Mice were examined for depression-like behaviors (sucrose preference, forced swim test (FST), splash and tape groom tests), anxiety (open-field test, light/dark test, novelty-induced hypophagia), and cognition (object location recognition, novel object recognition, Morris water maze). RESULTS UCMS did not alter, and DHNA slightly increased, weight gain in HFD-fed females. HFD decreased sucrose preference, increased FST immobility time, but did not alter splash and tape tests' grooming time. UCMS did not have additional effects on sucrose preference. UCMS further increased FST immobility time and decreased splash and tape tests' grooming time; these effects were prevented and reversed by DHNA treatment. HFD did not affect behaviors in the cognitive tests. UCMS impaired spatial learning; this effect was not prevented nor reversed by DHNA. CONCLUSIONS DHNA protected against UCMS-induced depression-like behaviors in HFD-fed female mice. DHNA neither improved nor worsened UCMS-induced impairment of spatial learning. Our findings indicate that DHNA has high potential to act as an antidepressant in obese females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roanna A Debler
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Caitlin A Madison
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lauren Hillbrick
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Paula Gallegos
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shoshana Eitan
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Zheng P, Ma W, Gu Y, Wu H, Bian Z, Liu N, Yang D, Chen X. High-fat diet causes mitochondrial damage and downregulation of mitofusin-2 and optic atrophy-1 in multiple organs. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 73:61-76. [PMID: 37534099 PMCID: PMC10390808 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat consumption promotes the development of obesity, which is associated with various chronic illnesses. Mitochondria are the energy factories of eukaryotic cells, maintaining self-stability through a fine-tuned quality-control network. In the present study, we evaluated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure and dynamics protein expression in multiple organs. C57BL/6J male mice were fed HFD or normal diet (ND) for 24 weeks. Compared with ND-fed mice, HFD-fed mice exhibited increased body weight, cardiomyocyte enlargement, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic steatosis, renal and splenic structural abnormalities. The cellular apoptosis of the heart, liver, and kidney increased. Cellular lipid droplet deposition and mitochondrial deformations were observed. The proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM), fission (DRP1), autophagy (LC3 and LC3-II: LC3-I ratio), and mitophagy (PINK1) presented different changes in different organs. The mitochondrial fusion regulators mitofusin-2 (MFN2) and optic atrophy-1 (OPA1) were consistently downregulated in multiple organs, even the spleen. TOMM20 and ATP5A protein were enhanced in the heart, skeletal muscle, and spleen, and attenuated in the kidney. These results indicated that high-fat feeding caused pathological changes in multiple organs, accompanied by mitochondrial ultrastructural damage, and MFN2 and OPA1 downregulation. The mitochondrial fusion proteins may become promising targets and/or markers for treating metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilu Gu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengfang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiping Bian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
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Yadav AK, Chan J. Activity-based bioluminescence probes for in vivo sensing applications. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 74:102310. [PMID: 37119771 PMCID: PMC10225331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging is a highly sensitive technique commonly used for various in vivo applications. Recent efforts to expand the utility of this modality have led to the development of a suite of activity-based sensing (ABS) probes for bioluminescence imaging by 'caging' of luciferin and its structural analogs. The ability to selectively detect a given biomarker has presented researchers with many exciting opportunities to study both health and disease states in animal models. Here, we highlight recent (2021-2023) bioluminescence-based ABS probes with an emphasis on probe design and in vivo validation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
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D'Ambrosio M, Bigagli E, Cinci L, Gencarelli M, Chioccioli S, Biondi N, Rodolfi L, Niccolai A, Zambelli F, Laurino A, Raimondi L, Tredici MR, Luceri C. Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 Mitigates Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome and Promotes Visceral Fat Browning through β3-Adrenergic Receptor/UCP1 Signaling. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050303. [PMID: 37233497 DOI: 10.3390/md21050303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) may represent the best transition phase to start treatments aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risk factors of MetS. In this study, we investigated the effects of the marine microalga Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 (T. lutea) on cardiometabolic components of pre-MetS and its underlying mechanisms. Rats were fed a standard (5% fat) or a high-fat diet (20% fat) supplemented or not with 5% of T. lutea or fenofibrate (100 mg/Kg) for 3 months. Like fenofibrate, T. lutea decreased blood triglycerides (p < 0.01) and glucose levels (p < 0.01), increased fecal lipid excretion (p < 0.05) and adiponectin (p < 0.001) without affecting weight gain. Unlike fenofibrate, T. lutea did not increase liver weight and steatosis, reduced renal fat (p < 0.05), diastolic (p < 0.05) and mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05). In visceral adipose tissue (VAT), T. lutea, but not fenofibrate, increased the β3-adrenergic receptor (β3ADR) (p < 0.05) and Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) (p < 0.001) while both induced glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) protein expression (p < 0.001) and decreased interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β gene expression (p < 0.05). Pathway analysis on VAT whole-gene expression profiles showed that T. lutea up-regulated energy-metabolism-related genes and down-regulated inflammatory and autophagy pathways. The multitarget activity of T. lutea suggests that this microalga could be useful in mitigating risk factors of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D'Ambrosio
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Elisabetta Bigagli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cinci
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Gencarelli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Sofia Chioccioli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Natascia Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Liliana Rodolfi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
- Fotosintetica & Microbiologica S.r.l., Via di Santo Spirito 14, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Niccolai
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Zambelli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Annunziatina Laurino
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Raimondi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Mario R Tredici
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Luceri
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Zhu Q, Qi N, Shen L, Lo CC, Xu M, Duan Q, Ollberding NJ, Wu Z, Hui DY, Tso P, Liu M. Sexual Dimorphism in Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:2175. [PMID: 37432375 PMCID: PMC10180580 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an essential role in regulating lipid metabolism. However, little is known about how gut microbiome modulates sex differences in lipid metabolism. The present study aims to determine whether gut microbiota modulates sexual dimorphism of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Conventional and germ-free male and female mice were fed an HFD for four weeks, and lipid absorption, plasma lipid profiles, and apolipoprotein levels were then evaluated. The gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. After 4-week HFD consumption, the females exhibited less body weight gain and body fat composition and significantly lower triglyceride levels in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and cholesterol levels in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) compared to male mice. The fecal microbiota analysis revealed that the male mice were associated with reduced gut microbial diversity. The female mice had considerably different microbiota composition compared to males, e.g., enriched growth of beneficial microbes (e.g., Akkermansia) and depleted growth of Adlercreutzia and Enterococcus. Correlation analyses suggested that the different compositions of the gut microbiota were associated with sexual dimorphism in body weight, fat mass, and lipid metabolism in mice fed an HFD. Our findings demonstrated significant sex differences in lipid metabolism and the microbiota composition at baseline (during LFD), along with sex-dependent responses to HFD. A comprehensive understanding of sexual dimorphism in lipid metabolism modulated by microbiota will help to develop more sex-specific effective treatment options for dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.)
| | - Nathan Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.Q.)
| | - Ling Shen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.)
| | - Chunmin C. Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.)
| | - Qing Duan
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Ollberding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.Q.)
| | - David Y. Hui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.)
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.)
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA; (Q.Z.)
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49
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Lin Y, Xu Z, Yeoh YK, Tun HM, Huang W, Jiang W, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Combing fecal microbial community data to identify consistent obesity-specific microbial signatures and shared metabolic pathways. iScience 2023; 26:106476. [PMID: 37096041 PMCID: PMC10122048 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with altered gut microbiome composition but data across different populations remain inconsistent. We meta-analyzed publicly available 16S-rRNA sequence datasets from 18 different studies and identified differentially abundant taxa and functional pathways of the obese gut microbiome. Most differentially abundant genera (Odoribacter, Oscillospira, Akkermansia, Alistipes, and Bacteroides) were depleted in obesity, indicating a deficiency of commensal microbes in the obese gut microbiome. From microbiome functional pathways, elevated lipid biosynthesis and depleted carbohydrate and protein degradation suggested metabolic adaptation to high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and low-protein diets in obese individuals. Machine learning models trained on the 18 studies were modest in predicting obesity with a median AUC of 0.608 using 10-fold cross-validation. The median AUC increased to 0.771 when models were trained in eight studies designed for investigating obesity-microbiome association. By meta-analyzing obesity-associated microbiota signatures, we identified obesity-associated depleted taxa that may be exploited to mitigate obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lin
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein Min Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis Ka Leung Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew Chien Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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50
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Chen S, Li M, Zhang R, Ye L, Jiang Y, Jiang X, Peng H, Wang Z, Guo Z, Chen L, Zhang R, Niu Y, Aschner M, Li D, Chen W. Type 1 diabetes and diet-induced obesity predispose C57BL/6J mice to PM 2.5-induced lung injury: a comparative study. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:10. [PMID: 37069663 PMCID: PMC10108512 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00526-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-existing metabolic diseases may predispose individuals to particulate matter (PM)-induced adverse health effects. However, the differences in susceptibility of various metabolic diseases to PM-induced lung injury and their underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. RESULTS Type 1 diabetes (T1D) murine models were constructed by streptozotocin injection, while diet-induced obesity (DIO) models were generated by feeding 45% high-fat diet 6 weeks prior to and throughout the experiment. Mice were subjected to real-ambient PM exposure in Shijiazhuang City, China for 4 weeks at a mean PM2.5 concentration of 95.77 µg/m3. Lung and systemic injury were assessed, and the underlying mechanisms were explored through transcriptomics analysis. Compared with normal diet (ND)-fed mice, T1D mice exhibited severe hyperglycemia with a blood glucose of 350 mg/dL, while DIO mice displayed moderate obesity and marked dyslipidemia with a slightly elevated blood glucose of 180 mg/dL. T1D and DIO mice were susceptible to PM-induced lung injury, manifested by inflammatory changes such as interstitial neutrophil infiltration and alveolar septal thickening. Notably, the acute lung injury scores of T1D and DIO mice were higher by 79.57% and 48.47%, respectively, than that of ND-fed mice. Lung transcriptome analysis revealed that increased susceptibility to PM exposure was associated with perturbations in multiple pathways including glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and tissue remodeling. Functional experiments confirmed that changes in biomarkers of macrophage (F4/80), lipid peroxidation (4-HNE), cellular senescence (SA-β-gal), and airway repair (CCSP) were most pronounced in the lungs of PM-exposed T1D mice. Furthermore, pathways associated with xenobiotic metabolism showed metabolic state- and tissue-specific perturbation patterns. Upon PM exposure, activation of nuclear receptor (NR) pathways and inhibition of the glutathione (GSH)-mediated detoxification pathway were evident in the lungs of T1D mice, and a significant upregulation of NR pathways was present in the livers of T1D mice. CONCLUSIONS These differences might contribute to differential susceptibility to PM exposure between T1D and DIO mice. These findings provide new insights into the health risk assessment of PM exposure in populations with metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Miao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinhang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Daochuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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