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Duffey M, Shafer RW, Timm J, Burrows JN, Fotouhi N, Cockett M, Leroy D. Combating antimicrobial resistance in malaria, HIV and tuberculosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:461-479. [PMID: 38750260 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the sustainability of effective treatments against the three most prevalent infectious diseases: malaria, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel drugs and treatment protocols capable of reducing the emergence of resistance and combating it when it does occur. In this Review, we present an overview of the status and underlying molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in these three diseases. We also discuss current strategies to address resistance during the research and development of next-generation therapies. These strategies vary depending on the infectious agent and the array of resistance mechanisms involved. Furthermore, we explore the potential for cross-fertilization of knowledge and technology among these diseases to create innovative approaches for minimizing drug resistance and advancing the discovery and development of new anti-infective treatments. In conclusion, we advocate for the implementation of well-defined strategies to effectively mitigate and manage resistance in all interventions against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Duffey
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), R&D Department/Drug Discovery, ICC, Geneva, Switzerland
- The Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robert W Shafer
- Department of Medicine/Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeremy N Burrows
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), R&D Department/Drug Discovery, ICC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Didier Leroy
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), R&D Department/Drug Discovery, ICC, Geneva, Switzerland.
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2
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Amen Y, Selim MA, Suef RA, Sayed AM, Othman A. Unveiling the Antiviral Efficacy of Forskolin: A Multifaceted In Vitro and In Silico Approach. Molecules 2024; 29:704. [PMID: 38338448 PMCID: PMC10856047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq. is a medicinal herb of the Lamiaceae family. It is native to India and widely present in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Egypt, China, Ethiopia, and Pakistan. The roots of C. forskohlii are edible, rich with pharmaceutically bioactive compounds, and traditionally reported to treat a variety of diseases, including inflammation, respiratory disorders, obesity, and viral ailments. Notably, the emergence of viral diseases is expected to quickly spread; consequently, these data impose a need for various approaches to develop broad active therapeutics for utilization in the management of future viral infectious outbreaks. In this study, the naturally occurring labdane diterpenoid derivative, Forskolin, was obtained from Coleus forskohlii. Additionally, we evaluated the antiviral potential of Forskolin towards three viruses, namely the herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and coxsackievirus B4 (COX-B4). We observed that Forskolin displayed antiviral activity against HAV, COX-B4, HSV-1, and HSV-2 with IC50 values of 62.9, 73.1, 99.0, and 106.0 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, we explored the Forskolin's potential antiviral target using PharmMapper, a pharmacophore-based virtual screening platform. Forskolin's modeled structure was analyzed to identify potential protein targets linked to its antiviral activity, with results ranked based on Fit scores. Cathepsin L (PDB ID: 3BC3) emerged as a top-scoring hit, prompting further exploration through molecular docking and MD simulations. Our analysis revealed that Forskolin's binding mode within Cathepsin L's active site, characterized by stable hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, mirrors that of a co-crystallized inhibitor. These findings, supported by consistent RMSD profiles and similar binding free energies, suggest Forskolin's potential in inhibiting Cathepsin L, highlighting its promise as an antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yhiya Amen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Selim
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.A.S.); (R.A.S.)
| | - Reda A. Suef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.A.S.); (R.A.S.)
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University, Basrah 61014, Iraq;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Othman
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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3
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Sharifi E, Yousefiasl S, Trovato M, Sartorius R, Esmaeili Y, Goodarzi H, Ghomi M, Bigham A, Moghaddam FD, Heidarifard M, Pourmotabed S, Nazarzadeh Zare E, Paiva-Santos AC, Rabiee N, Wang X, Tay FR. Nanostructures for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of viral respiratory infections: from influenza virus to SARS-CoV-2 variants. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:199. [PMID: 37344894 PMCID: PMC10283343 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are a major cause of mortality and socio-economic downfall despite the plethora of biopharmaceuticals designed for their eradication. Conventional antiviral therapies are often ineffective. Live-attenuated vaccines can pose a safety risk due to the possibility of pathogen reversion, whereas inactivated viral vaccines and subunit vaccines do not generate robust and sustained immune responses. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of strategies that combine nanotechnology concepts with the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of viral infectious diseases. The present review provides a comprehensive introduction to the different strains of viruses involved in respiratory diseases and presents an overview of recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of viral infections based on nanotechnology concepts and applications. Discussions in diagnostic/therapeutic nanotechnology-based approaches will be focused on H1N1 influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza virus type 3 infections, as well as COVID-19 infections caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus Delta variant and new emerging Omicron variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran.
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Trovato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Yasaman Esmaeili
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
| | - Hamid Goodarzi
- Centre de recherche, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Départment d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Matineh Ghomi
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, 36716-45667, Iran
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | - Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maryam Heidarifard
- Centre de recherche, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Départment d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samiramis Pourmotabed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | | | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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4
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Wang C, Li Q, Sun L, Wang X, Wang H, Zhang W, Li J, Liu Y, Lu L, Jiang S. An Artificial Peptide-Based Bifunctional HIV-1 Entry Inhibitor That Interferes with Viral Glycoprotein-41 Six-Helix Bundle Formation and Antagonizes CCR5 on the Host Cell Membrane. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051038. [PMID: 37243126 DOI: 10.3390/v15051038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by high variability and drug resistance. This has necessitated the development of antivirals with a new chemotype and therapy. We previously identified an artificial peptide with non-native protein sequence, AP3, with the potential to inhibit HIV-1 fusion through targeting hydrophobic grooves on the N-terminal heptad repeat trimer of viral glycoprotein gp41. Here, a small-molecule HIV-1 inhibitor targeting chemokine coreceptor CCR5 on the host cell was integrated into the AP3 peptide, producing a novel dual-target inhibitor with improved activity against multiple HIV-1 strains including those resistant to the currently used anti-HIV-1 drug enfuvirtide. Its superior antiviral potency in comparison with the respective pharmacophoric moieties is in consonance with the dual binding of viral gp41 and host factor CCR5. Therefore, our work provides a potent artificial peptide-based bifunctional HIV-1 entry inhibitor and highlights the multitarget-directed ligands approach in the development of novel therapeutic anti-HIV-1 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lujia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of the Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of the Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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5
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Su M, Yin B, Xing X, Li Z, Zhang J, Feng S, Li L, Zhao F, Yang X, Yu S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shi D, Chen J, Feng L, Guo D, Sun D. Octyl gallate targeting the 3C-like protease exhibits highly efficient antiviral activity against swine enteric coronavirus PEDV. Vet Microbiol 2023; 281:109743. [PMID: 37062110 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe watery diarrhea in newborn piglets, leading to substantial financial losses for the swine industry. In this study, we screened small molecule drugs targeting 3 C-like protease (3CLpro) by molecular docking, and further evaluated the antiviral activity of the screened drugs against PEDV. Results showed that octyl gallate (OG), a widely used food additive, exhibited strong binding affinity with the 3CLpro active sites of PEDV. Bio-layer interferometry and fluorescence resonance energy transfer revealed that OG directly interacts with PEDV 3CLpro (KD = 549 nM) and inhibits 3CLpro activity (IC50 = 22.15 µM). OG showed a strong inhibition of PEDV replication in vitro. Virus titers were decreased by 0.58 and 0.71 log10 TCID50/mL for the CV777 and HM2017 strains, respectively. In vivo, all piglets in the PEDV-infected group died at 48 h post-infection (hpi), while 75% of piglets in the OG treatment group showed significant relief from the clinical symptoms, pathological damage, and viral loads in the jejunum and ileum. Moreover, the western blotting results showed that OG also has strong antiviral activity against other swine enteric coronaviruses, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV). Our findings revealed that OG could be developed as a novel antiviral drug against PEDV. The OG exhibited a potential broad-spectrum antiviral drug for control of other swine enteric coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Su
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311300, PR China
| | - Baishuang Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xiaoxu Xing
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Zijian Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Shufeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Feiyu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Shiping Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Yongchen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Da Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Jianfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Li Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, PR China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, PR China.
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6
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Chistov AA, Chumakov SP, Mikhnovets IE, Nikitin TD, Slesarchuk NA, Uvarova VI, Rubekina AA, Nikolaeva YV, Radchenko EV, Khvatov EV, Orlov AA, Frolenko VS, Sukhorukov MV, Kolpakova ES, Shustova EY, Galochkina AV, Streshnev PP, Osipov EM, Sapozhnikova KA, Moiseenko AV, Brylev VA, Proskurin GV, Dokukin YS, Kutyakov SV, Aralov AV, Korshun VA, Strelkov SV, Palyulin VA, Ishmukhametov AA, Shirshin EA, Osolodkin DI, Shtro AA, Kozlovskaya LI, Alferova VA, Ustinov AV. 5-(Perylen-3-ylethynyl)uracil as an antiviral scaffold: Potent suppression of enveloped virus reproduction by 3-methyl derivatives in vitro. Antiviral Res 2023; 209:105508. [PMID: 36581049 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Amphipathic nucleoside and non-nucleoside derivatives of pentacyclic aromatic hydrocarbon perylene are known as potent non-cytotoxic broad-spectrum antivirals. Here we report 3-methyl-5-(perylen-3-ylethynyl)-uracil-1-acetic acid and its amides, a new series of compounds based on a 5-(perylen-3-ylethynyl)-uracil scaffold. The compounds demonstrate pronounced in vitro activity against arthropod-borne viruses, namely tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), in plaque reduction assays with EC50 values below 1.9 and 1.3 nM, respectively, and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in cytopathic effect inhibition test with EC50 values below 3.2 μM. The compounds are active against respiratory viruses as well: severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in cytopathic effect inhibition test and influenza A virus (IAV) in virus titer reduction experiments are inhibited - EC50 values below 51 nM and 2.2 μM, respectively. The activity stems from the presence of a hydrophobic perylene core, and all of the synthesized compounds exhibit comparable 1O2 generation rates. Nonetheless, activity can vary by orders of magnitude depending on the hydrophilic part of the molecule, suggesting a complex mode of action. A time-of-addition experiment and fluorescent imaging indicate that the compounds inhibit viral fusion in a dose-dependent manner. The localization of the compound in the lipid bilayers and visible damage to the viral envelope suggest the membrane as the primary target. Dramatic reduction of antiviral activity with limited irradiation or under treatment with antioxidants further cements the idea of photoinduced ROS-mediated viral envelope damage being the mode of antiviral action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Chistov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Stepan P Chumakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Igor E Mikhnovets
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Timofei D Nikitin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Nikita A Slesarchuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Victoria I Uvarova
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | - Anna A Rubekina
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yulia V Nikolaeva
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Eugene V Radchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Khvatov
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | - Alexey A Orlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia; FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143026, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Vasilisa S Frolenko
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia; Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maksim V Sukhorukov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia; FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Kolpakova
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | - Elena Y Shustova
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | | | - Philipp P Streshnev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Eugene M Osipov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Vladimir A Brylev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Lumiprobe RUS Ltd., Moscow, 121351, Russia
| | - Gleb V Proskurin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Yuri S Dokukin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sergey V Kutyakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Andrey V Aralov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Korshun
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Sergei V Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vladimir A Palyulin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Aydar A Ishmukhametov
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia; Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Shirshin
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Osolodkin
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia; Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anna A Shtro
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Liubov I Kozlovskaya
- FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), Moscow, 108819, Russia; Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Vera A Alferova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Alexey V Ustinov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Lumiprobe RUS Ltd., Moscow, 121351, Russia.
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7
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Jiang Y, Rubin L, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Su Q, Hou ST, Lazarovici P, Zheng W. Pharmacological therapies and drug development targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 68:13-24. [PMID: 36266222 PMCID: PMC9558743 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The development of therapies for SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on virus biology and pathology, and of large- and small-scale randomized controlled trials, have brought forward several antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs targeting the disease severity. Casirivimab/Imdevimab monoclonal antibodies and convalescent plasma to prevent virus entry, Remdesivir, Molnupiravir, and Paxlovid nucleotide analogs to prevent viral replication, a variety of repurposed JAK-STAT signaling pathway inhibitors, corticosteroids, and recombinant agonists/antagonists of cytokine and interferons have been found to provide clinical benefits in terms of mortality and hospitalization. However, current treatment options face multiple clinical needs, and therefore, in this review, we provide an update on the challenges of the existing therapeutics and highlight drug development strategies for COVID-19 therapy, based on ongoing clinical trials, meta-analyses, and clinical case reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Jiang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging and Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China,Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, China
| | - Limor Rubin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging and Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Anesthesia, Critical Care Medicine and Physiology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qiaozhu Su
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - Sheng-Tao Hou
- Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, China,Correspondence to: Brain Research Centre and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, China
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging and Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China,Correspondence to: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Room 3057, Building E12, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
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8
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Agamennone M, Fantacuzzi M, Vivenzio G, Scala MC, Campiglia P, Superti F, Sala M. Antiviral Peptides as Anti-Influenza Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11433. [PMID: 36232735 PMCID: PMC9569631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses represent a leading cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approaches for fighting flu are seasonal vaccines and some antiviral drugs. The development of the seasonal flu vaccine requires a great deal of effort, as careful studies are needed to select the strains to be included in each year's vaccine. Antiviral drugs available against Influenza virus infections have certain limitations due to the increased resistance rate and negative side effects. The highly mutative nature of these viruses leads to the emergence of new antigenic variants, against which the urgent development of new approaches for antiviral therapy is needed. Among these approaches, one of the emerging new fields of "peptide-based therapies" against Influenza viruses is being explored and looks promising. This review describes the recent findings on the antiviral activity, mechanism of action and therapeutic capability of antiviral peptides that bind HA, NA, PB1, and M2 as a means of countering Influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Agamennone
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marialuigia Fantacuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vivenzio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Carmina Scala
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Fabiana Superti
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Sala
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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9
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Molecular Docking and In-Silico Analysis of Natural Biomolecules against Dengue, Ebola, Zika, SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Monkeypox Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911131. [PMID: 36232431 PMCID: PMC9569982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and rapid evolution of human pathogenic viruses, combined with the difficulties in developing effective vaccines, underline the need to develop innovative broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutic agents. The present study aims to determine the in silico antiviral potential of six bacterial antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), two phytochemicals (silvestrol, andrographolide), and two bacterial secondary metabolites (lyngbyabellin A, hapalindole H) against dengue virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, the major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus. The comparison of docking scores obtained with natural biomolecules was performed with specific neutralizing antibodies (positive controls for ClusPro) and antiviral drugs (negative controls for Autodock Vina). Glycocin F was the only natural biomolecule tested to show high binding energies to all viral surface proteins and the corresponding viral cell receptors. Lactococcin G and plantaricin ASM1 also achieved high docking scores with all viral surface proteins and most corresponding cell surface receptors. Silvestrol, andrographolide, hapalindole H, and lyngbyabellin A showed variable docking scores depending on the viral surface proteins and cell receptors tested. Three glycocin F mutants with amino acid modifications showed an increase in their docking energy to the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Indian variant, and of the SARS-CoV-2 P.1 Japan/Brazil variant, and the dengue DENV envelope protein. All mutant AMPs indicated a frequent occurrence of valine and proline amino acid rotamers. AMPs and glycocin F in particular are the most promising biomolecules for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral treatments targeting the attachment and entry of viruses into their target cell.
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10
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Shtro AA, Garshinina AV, Alferova VA, Kamzeeva PN, Volok VP, Kolpakova ES, Nikitin TD, Chistov AA, Belyaev ES, Korshun VA, Kozlovskaya LI, Aralov AV. Cationic Perylene Antivirals with Aqueous Solubility for Studies In Vivo. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1178. [PMID: 36297288 PMCID: PMC9610897 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Perylene-based compounds are attracting significant attention due to their high broad-spectrum antiviral activity against enveloped viruses. Despite unambiguous results of in vitro studies and high selectivity index, the poor water solubility of these compounds prevented in vivo evaluation of their antiviral properties. In this work, we synthesized a series of compounds with a perylene pharmacophore bearing positively charged substituents to improve the aqueous solubility of this unique type of antivirals. Three types of charged groups were introduced: (1) quaternary morpholinium salts (3a-b); (2) a 2'-O-l-valinyl-uridine hydrochloride residue (8), and (3) a 3-methylbenzothiazolium cation (10). The synthesized compounds were evaluated based both on antiviral properties in vitro (CHIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and IAV) and on solubility in aqueous media. Compound 10 has the greatest aqueous solubility, making it preferable for pre-evaluation by intragastrical administration in a mouse model of lethal influenza pneumonia. The results indicate that the introduction of a positively charged group is a viable strategy for the design of drug candidates with a perylene scaffold for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Shtro
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Vera A. Alferova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina N. Kamzeeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor P. Volok
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Chumakov Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), 108819 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S. Kolpakova
- Chumakov Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), 108819 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timofei D. Nikitin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Chistov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny S. Belyaev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Korshun
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liubov I. Kozlovskaya
- Chumakov Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis), 108819 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Aralov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Inhibitors of Nucleotide Biosynthesis as Candidates for a Wide Spectrum of Antiviral Chemotherapy. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081631. [PMID: 36014049 PMCID: PMC9413629 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging viruses have been a challenge in public health in recent decades. Host-targeted antivirals (HTA) directed at cellular molecules or pathways involved in virus multiplication represent an interesting strategy to combat viruses presently lacking effective chemotherapy. HTA could provide a wide range of agents with inhibitory activity against current and future viruses that share similar host requirements and reduce the possible selection of antiviral-resistant variants. Nucleotide metabolism is one of the more exploited host metabolic pathways as a potential antiviral target for several human viruses. This review focuses on the antiviral properties of the inhibitors of pyrimidine and purine nucleotide biosynthesis, with an emphasis on the rate-limiting enzymes dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for which there are old and new drugs active against a broad spectrum of pathogenic viruses.
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12
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Wald ME, Claus C, Konrath A, Nieper H, Muluneh A, Schmidt V, Vahlenkamp TW, Sieg M. Ivermectin Inhibits the Replication of Usutu Virus In Vitro. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081641. [PMID: 36016263 PMCID: PMC9413757 DOI: 10.3390/v14081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging mosquito-borne arbovirus within the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Similar to the closely related West Nile virus (WNV), USUV infections are capable of causing mass mortality in wild and captive birds, especially blackbirds. In the last few years, a massive spread of USUV was present in the avian population of Germany and other European countries. To date, no specific antiviral therapies are available. Nine different approved drugs were tested for their antiviral effects on the replication of USUV in vitro in a screening assay. Ivermectin was identified as a potent inhibitor of USUV replication in three cell types from different species, such as simian Vero CCL-81, human A549 and avian TME R. A 2- to 7-log10 reduction of the viral titer in the supernatant was detected at a non-cytotoxic concentration of 5 µM ivermectin dependent on the applied cell line. IC50 values of ivermectin against USUV lineage Africa 3 was found to be 0.55 µM in Vero CCL-81, 1.94 µM in A549 and 1.38 µM in TME-R cells. The antiviral efficacy was comparable between the USUV lineages Africa 2, Africa 3 and Europe 3. These findings show that ivermectin may be a candidate for further experimental and clinical studies addressing the treatment of USUV disease, especially in captive birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Wald
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.E.W.); (T.W.V.)
| | - Claudia Claus
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Andrea Konrath
- Saxon State Laboratory of Health and Veterinary Affairs, 01099 Dresden, Germany; (A.K.); (H.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Hermann Nieper
- Saxon State Laboratory of Health and Veterinary Affairs, 01099 Dresden, Germany; (A.K.); (H.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Aemero Muluneh
- Saxon State Laboratory of Health and Veterinary Affairs, 01099 Dresden, Germany; (A.K.); (H.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Volker Schmidt
- Clinic for Birds and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Thomas Wilhelm Vahlenkamp
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.E.W.); (T.W.V.)
| | - Michael Sieg
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Selvaraj C, Shri GR, Vijayakumar R, Alothaim AS, Ramya S, Singh SK. Viral hijacking mechanism in humans through protein-protein interactions. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 131:261-276. [PMID: 35871893 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Numerous viruses have evolved mechanisms to inhibit or alter the host cell's apoptotic response as part of their coevolution with their hosts. The analysis of virus-host protein interactions require an in-depth understanding of both the viral and host protein structures and repertoires, as well as evolutionary mechanisms and pertinent biological facts. Throughout the course of a viral infection, there is constant battle for binding between virus and cellular proteins. Exogenous interfaces facilitating viral-host interactions are well known for constantly targeting and suppressing endogenous interfaces mediating intraspecific interactions, such as viral-viral and host-host connections. In these interactions, the protein-protein interactions (PPIs), are mostly shown as networks (protein interaction networks, PINs), with proteins represented as nodes and their interactions represented as edges. Host proteins with a higher degree of connectivity are more likely to interact with viral proteins. Due to technical advancements, three-dimensional interactions may now be visualized computationally utilizing molecular modeling and cryo-EM approaches. The uniqueness of viral domain repertoires, their evolution, and their activities during viral infection make viruses fascinating models for research. This chapter aims to provide readers a complete picture of the viral hijacking mechanism in protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Gurunathan Rubha Shri
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Vijayakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Alothaim
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Ramya
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Sengupta D, Rai M, Hoque Mazumdar Z, Sharma D, Malabika Singha K, Pandey P, Gaur R. Two cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins and their zinc-complexes as anti-HIV-1 and antibacterial agents under non-photodynamic therapy (PDT) conditions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 65:128699. [PMID: 35341921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The anti-HIV-1 and antimicrobial activities of novel cationic meso-thiophenium porphyrins and their zinc-complex are reported under in vitro non-photodynamic (PDT) conditions. While all the cationic porphyrins led to the inhibition of de novo virus infection, the Zn(II)-complexes of T2(OH)2M (A2B2-type) and T(OH)3M (AB3-type) displayed potent inhibition of HIV-1 entry with T2(OH)2MZn displaying maximal anti-HIV activity. The Zinc complex of both the thiophenium porphyrins T2(OH)2M and T(OH)3M also depicted antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and more prominently against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Again, the antibacterial activity was more potent for T2(OH)2MZn. Our study highlighted that the presence of two thiophenium groups at the meso-positions of the A2B2-type porphyrins along with zinc strongly enhanced anti-HIV and antimicrobial properties of these novel thiophenium porphyrins under non-PDT conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashish Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
| | - Madhu Rai
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | | | - Debdulal Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - K Malabika Singha
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
| | - Ritu Gaur
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India.
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15
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Ianevski A, Simonsen RM, Myhre V, Tenson T, Oksenych V, Bjørås M, Kainov DE. DrugVirus.info 2.0: an integrative data portal for broad-spectrum antivirals (BSA) and BSA-containing drug combinations (BCCs). Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:W272-W275. [PMID: 35610052 PMCID: PMC9252782 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses can cross species barriers and cause unpredictable outbreaks in man with substantial economic and public health burdens. Broad-spectrum antivirals, (BSAs, compounds inhibiting several human viruses), and BSA-containing drug combinations (BCCs) are deemed as immediate therapeutic options that fill the void between virus identification and vaccine development. Here, we present DrugVirus.info 2.0 (https://drugvirus.info), an integrative interactive portal for exploration and analysis of BSAs and BCCs, that greatly expands the database and functionality of DrugVirus.info 1.0 webserver. Through the data portal that now expands the spectrum of BSAs and provides information on BCCs, we developed two modules for (i) interactive analysis of users' own antiviral drug and combination screening data and their comparison with published datasets, and (ii) exploration of the structure-activity relationship between various BSAs. The updated portal provides an essential toolbox for antiviral drug development and repurposing applications aiming to identify existing and novel treatments of emerging and re-emerging viral threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Ianevski
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ronja M Simonsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vegard Myhre
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnar Bjørås
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Denis E Kainov
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway.,Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Detailed Analyses of Molecular Interactions between Favipiravir and RNA Viruses In Silico. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020338. [PMID: 35215932 PMCID: PMC8879546 DOI: 10.3390/v14020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There are currently no antiviral agents for human metapneumovirus (HMPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mumps virus (MuV), or measles virus (MeV). Favipiravir has been developed as an anti-influenza agent, and this agent may be effective against these viruses in vitro. However, the molecular mechanisms through which the agent affects virus replication remain to be fully elucidated. Thus, to clarify the detailed molecular interactions between favipiravir and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of HMPV, RSV, MuV, MeV, and influenza virus, we performed in silico studies using authentic bioinformatics technologies. As a result, we found that the active form of favipiravir (favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate [F-RTP]) can bind to the RdRp active sites of HMPV, RSV, MuV, and MeV. The aspartic acid residue of RdRp active sites was involved in the interaction. Moreover, F-RTP was incorporated into the growing viral RNA chain in the presence of nucleotide triphosphate and magnesium ions. The results suggested that favipiravir shows two distinct mechanisms in various viruses: RdRp active site inhibition and/or genome replication inhibition.
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17
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Hwu JR, Kapoor M, Gupta NK, Tsay SC, Huang WC, Tan KT, Hu YC, Lyssen P, Neyts J. Synthesis and antiviral activities of quinazolinamine–coumarin conjugates toward chikungunya and hepatitis C viruses. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Anik MI, Mahmud N, Al Masud A, Hasan M. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biomedical and clinical applications: A review. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muzahidul I. Anik
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Rhode Island South Kingstown Rhode Island USA
| | - Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Department of Chemical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Maruf Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
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19
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Wang C, Wang X, Wang H, Pu J, Li Q, Li J, Liu Y, Lu L, Jiang S. A "Two-Birds-One-Stone" Approach toward the Design of Bifunctional Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry Inhibitors Targeting the CCR5 Coreceptor and gp41 N-Terminal Heptad Repeat Region. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11460-11471. [PMID: 34261320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the stepwise nature of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry and the pivotal role of coreceptor CCR5 and the gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) region in this event. With this in mind, we herein report a dual-targeted drug compound featuring bifunctional entry inhibitors, consisting of a piperidine-4-carboxamide-based CCR5 antagonist, TAK-220, and a gp41 NHR-targeting fusion-inhibitory peptide, C34. The resultant chimeras were constructed by linking both pharmacophores with a polyethylene glycol spacer. One chimera, CP12TAK, exhibited exceptionally potent antiviral activity, about 40- and 306-fold over that of its parent inhibitors, C34 and TAK-220, respectively. In addition to R5-tropic viruses, CP12TAK also strongly inhibited infection of X4-tropic HIV-1 strains. These data are promising for the further development of CP12TAK as a new anti-HIV-1 drug. Results show that this strategy could be extended to the design of therapies against infection of other enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xinling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jing Pu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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20
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Wood JM, Evans GB, Grove TL, Almo SC, Cameron SA, Furneaux RH, Harris LD. Chemical Synthesis of the Antiviral Nucleotide Analogue ddhCTP. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8843-8850. [PMID: 34126010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
3'-Deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-cytidine triphosphate (ddhCTP) is a novel antiviral molecule produced by the enzyme viperin as part of the innate immune response. ddhCTP has been shown to act as an obligate chain terminator of flavivirus and SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerases; however, further biophysical studies have been precluded by limited access to this promising antiviral. Herein, we report a robust and scalable synthesis of ddhCTP as well as the mono- and diphosphates ddhCMP and ddhCDP, respectively. Identification of a 2'-silyl ether protection strategy enabled selective synthesis and facile purification of the 5'-triphosphate, culminating in the preparation of ddhCTP on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Wood
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Gary B Evans
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Tyler L Grove
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Scott A Cameron
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Richard H Furneaux
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Lawrence D Harris
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.,The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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21
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The Peptide TAT-I24 with Antiviral Activity against DNA Viruses Binds Double-Stranded DNA with High Affinity. Biologics 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The peptide TAT-I24, composed of the 9-mer peptide I24 and the TAT (48-60) peptide, exerts broad-spectrum antiviral activity against several DNA viruses. The current model of the mode of action suggests a reduction of viral entry and also a possible interaction with the viral DNA upon virus entry. To further support this model, the present study investigates the DNA binding properties of TAT-I24. DNA binding was analysed by gel retardation of a peptide-complexed DNA, fluorescence reduction of DNA labelled with intercalating dyes and determination of binding kinetics by surface plasmon resonance. Molecular dynamics simulations of DNA-peptide complexes predict high-affinity binding and destabilization of the DNA by TAT-I24. The effect on viral DNA levels of infected cells were studied by real-time PCR and staining of viral DNA by bromodeoxyuridine. TAT-I24 binds double-stranded DNA with high affinity, leading to inhibition of polymerase binding and thereby blocking of de novo nucleic acid synthesis. Analysis of early steps of virus entry using a bromodeoxyuridine-labelled virus as well as quantification of viral genomes in the cells indicate direct binding of the peptide to the viral DNA. Saturation of the peptide with exogenous DNA can fully neutralize the inhibitory effect. The antiviral activity of TAT-I24 is linked to its ability to bind DNA with high affinity. This mechanism could be the basis for the development of novel antiviral agents.
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Abstract
The host immune system is highly compromised in case of viral infections and relapses are very common. The capacity of the virus to destroy the host cell by liberating its own DNA or RNA and replicating inside the host cell poses challenges in the development of antiviral therapeutics. In recent years, many new technologies have been explored for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of viral infections. Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most promising technologies on account of its ability to deal with viral diseases in an effective manner, addressing the limitations of traditional antiviral medicines. It has not only helped us to overcome problems related to solubility and toxicity of drugs, but also imparted unique properties to drugs, which in turn has increased their potency and selectivity toward viral cells against the host cells. The initial part of the paper focuses on some important proteins of influenza, Ebola, HIV, herpes, Zika, dengue, and corona virus and those of the host cells important for their entry and replication into the host cells. This is followed by different types of nanomaterials which have served as delivery vehicles for the antiviral drugs. It includes various lipid-based, polymer-based, lipid-polymer hybrid-based, carbon-based, inorganic metal-based, surface-modified, and stimuli-sensitive nanomaterials and their application in antiviral therapeutics. The authors also highlight newer promising treatment approaches like nanotraps, nanorobots, nanobubbles, nanofibers, nanodiamonds, nanovaccines, and mathematical modeling for the future. The paper has been updated with the recent developments in nanotechnology-based approaches in view of the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malobika Chakravarty
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Rodrigues G, Gonçalves da Costa Sousa M, da Silva DC, Berto Rezende TM, de Morais PC, Franco OL. Nanostrategies to Develop Current Antiviral Vaccines. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3880-3890. [PMID: 35006813 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a worldwide concern. They are responsible for increasing the mortality rate and causing economic and social problems. Viral epidemics and pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, force the scientific community to consider molecules with antiviral activity. A number of viral infections still do not have a vaccine or efficient treatment and it is imperative to search for vaccines to control these infections. In this context, nanotechnology in association with the design of vaccines has presented an option for virus control. Nanovaccines have displayed an impressive immune response using a low dosage. This review aims to describe the advances and update the data in studies using nanovaccines and their immunomodulatory effect against human viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Gonçalves da Costa Sousa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Dieime Custódia da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Paulo César de Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências e Nanobiotecnologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70790-160, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
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Khurm M, Wang X, Zhang H, Hussain SN, Qaisar MN, Hayat K, Saqib F, Zhang X, Zhan G, Guo Z. The genus Cassia L.: Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical overview. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2336-2385. [PMID: 33617115 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nature gifts medicinal plants with the untapped and boundless treasure of active chemical constituents with significant therapeutic potential that makes these plants a beneficial source in the development of phytomedicines. Genus Cassia, with approximately 500 species, is a large group of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. Cassia species are widely distributed throughout different regions mainly tropical Asia, North America, and East Africa. In the folk medicinal history, these plants are used as laxative and purgative agents. In the Ayurveda system of medicine, they are used to cure headache and fever. Cassia plants exhibit pharmacological activities at large scales such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hyperglycemic, antimutagenic, and antivirals. The phytochemical investigations of genus Cassia demonstrate the presence of more than 200 chemical compounds, including piperidine alkaloids, anthracene derivatives (anthraquinones), flavonoids, pentacyclic triterpenoids, sterols, phenylpropanoids, and γ-naphthopyrones. The literature illustrated anthraquinones and flavonoids as major secondary metabolites from this genus. However, some Cassia plants, with rich contents of anthraquinones, still show toxicology properties. As Cassia plants are used extensively in the herbal system of medicine, but only senna dosage forms have achieved the status of the pharmaceutical market as standard laxative agents. In conclusion, further investigations on isolating newer biologically active constituents, unknown underlying mechanisms, toxicology profiles, and clinical studies of Cassia species are needed to be explored. This review article specifies the systematic breach existing between the current scientific knowledge and the fundamentals for the marketization of genus Cassia products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khurm
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingbin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | - Khezar Hayat
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guanqun Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Ripari N, Sartori AA, da Silva Honorio M, Conte FL, Tasca KI, Santiago KB, Sforcin JM. Propolis antiviral and immunomodulatory activity: a review and perspectives for COVID-19 treatment. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:281-299. [PMID: 33793885 PMCID: PMC7928728 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Viral outbreaks are a frequent concern for humans. A great variety of drugs has been used to treat viral diseases, which are not always safe and effective and may induce adverse effects, indicating the need for new antiviral drugs extracted from natural sources. Propolis is a bee-made product exhibiting many biological properties. An overview of viruses, antiviral immunity, propolis safety and its immunomodulatory and antiviral action is reported, as well as perspectives for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. PubMed platform was used for data collection, searching for the keywords "propolis", "virus", "antiviral", "antimicrobial" and "coronavirus". KEY FINDINGS Propolis is safe and exerts antiviral and immunomodulatory activity; however, clinical trials should investigate its effects on individuals with viral diseases, in combination or not with antiviral drugs or vaccines. SUMMARY Regarding COVID-19, the effects of propolis should be investigated directly on the virus in vitro or on infected individuals alone or in combination with antiviral drugs, due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory action. Propolis administration simultaneously with vaccines should be analyzed, due to its adjuvant properties, to enhance the individuals' immune response. The search for therapeutic targets may be useful to find out how propolis can help to control COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ripari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Arthur Alves Sartori
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana da Silva Honorio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lopes Conte
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karen Ingrid Tasca
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karina Basso Santiago
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Maurício Sforcin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
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26
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Garren MR, Ashcraft M, Qian Y, Douglass M, Brisbois EJ, Handa H. Nitric oxide and viral infection: Recent developments in antiviral therapies and platforms. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2021; 22:100887. [PMID: 38620577 PMCID: PMC7718584 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gasotransmitter of great significance to developing the innate immune response to many bacterial and viral infections, while also modulating vascular physiology. The generation of NO from the upregulation of endogenous nitric oxide synthases serves as an efficacious method for inhibiting viral replication in host defense and warrants investigation for the development of antiviral therapeutics. With increased incidence of global pandemics concerning several respiratory-based viral infections, it is necessary to develop broad therapeutic platforms for inhibiting viral replication and enabling more efficient host clearance, as well as to fabricate new materials for deterring viral transmission from medical devices. Recent developments in creating stabilized NO donor compounds and their incorporation into macromolecular scaffolds and polymeric substrates has created a new paradigm for developing NO-based therapeutics for long-term NO release in applications for bactericidal and blood-contacting surfaces. Despite this abundance of research, there has been little consideration of NO-releasing scaffolds and substrates for reducing passive transmission of viral infections or for treating several respiratory viral infections. The aim of this review is to highlight the recent advances in developing gaseous NO, NO prodrugs, and NO donor compounds for antiviral therapies; discuss the limitations of NO as an antiviral agent; and outline future prospects for guiding materials design of a next generation of NO-releasing antiviral platforms.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme
- AP1, activator protein 1
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, FDA, United States Food and Drug Administration
- GNSO, S-nitrosoglutathione
- H1N1, influenza A virus subtype H1N1
- HI, Host Immunology
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
- HPV, human papillomavirus
- HSV, herpes simplex virus
- I/R, pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion
- IC50, inhibitory concentration 50
- IFN, interferon
- IFNγ, interferon gamma
- IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase
- IRF-1, interferon regulatory factor 1
- Inhalation therapy
- Medical Terminology: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS, nitric oxide synthase
- Nitric Oxide and Related Compounds: eNOS/NOS 3, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- Nitric oxide
- Other: DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- P38-MAPK, P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases
- PAMP, pathogen-associated molecular pattern
- PCV2, porcine circovirus type 2
- PHT, pulmonary hypertension
- PKR, protein kinase R
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- RNI, reactive nitrogen intermediate
- RSNO, S-nitrosothiol
- SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- SNAP, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine
- STAT-1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
- Severe acute respiratory distress
- TAK1, transforming growth factor β-activated kinases-1
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- VAP, ventilator associated pneumonia
- Viral infection
- Viruses: CVB3, coxsackievirus
- dsRNA, double stranded (viral) ribonucleic acid
- gNO, gaseous nitric oxide
- iNOS/NOS 2, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- mtALDH, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase
- nNOS/NOS 1, neuronal nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Garren
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Morgan Ashcraft
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yun Qian
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Megan Douglass
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Brisbois
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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27
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Chilamakuri R, Agarwal S. COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics. Cells 2021; 10:206. [PMID: 33494237 PMCID: PMC7909801 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2), which suddenly emerged in December 2019 is still haunting the entire human race and has affected not only the healthcare system but also the global socioeconomic balances. COVID-19 was quickly designated as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization as there have been about 98.0 million confirmed cases and about 2.0 million confirmed deaths, as of January 2021. Although, our understanding of COVID-19 has significantly increased since its outbreak, and multiple treatment approaches and pharmacological interventions have been tested or are currently under development to mitigate its risk-factors. Recently, some vaccine candidates showed around 95% clinical efficacy, and now receiving emergency use approvals in different countries. US FDA recently approved BNT162 and mRNA-1273 vaccines developed by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna Inc. for emergency use and vaccination in the USA. In this review, we present a succinct overview of the SARS-CoV-2 virus structure, molecular mechanisms of infection, COVID-19 epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical manifestations. We also systematize different treatment strategies and clinical trials initiated after the pandemic outbreak, based on viral infection and replication mechanisms. Additionally, we reviewed the novel pharmacological intervention approaches and vaccine development strategies against COVID-19. We speculate that the current pandemic emergency will trigger detailed studies of coronaviruses, their mechanism of infection, development of systematic drug repurposing approaches, and novel drug discoveries for current and future pandemic outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saurabh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA;
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28
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Sohag AAM, Hannan MA, Rahman S, Hossain M, Hasan M, Khan MK, Khatun A, Dash R, Uddin MJ. Revisiting potential druggable targets against SARS-CoV-2 and repurposing therapeutics under preclinical study and clinical trials: A comprehensive review. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:919-941. [PMID: 32632960 PMCID: PMC7361641 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is one of the most contagious diseases in human history that has already affected millions of lives worldwide. To date, no vaccines or effective therapeutics have been discovered yet that may successfully treat COVID-19 patients or contain the transmission of the virus. Scientific communities across the globe responded rapidly and have been working relentlessly to develop drugs and vaccines, which may require considerable time. In this uncertainty, repurposing the existing antiviral drugs could be the best strategy to speed up the discovery of effective therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, drug repurposing may leave some vital information on druggable targets that could be capitalized in target-based drug discovery. Information on possible drug targets and the progress on therapeutic and vaccine development also needs to be updated. In this review, we revisited the druggable targets that may hold promise in the development of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent. Progresses on the development of potential therapeutics and vaccines that are under the preclinical studies and clinical trials have been highlighted. We anticipate that this review will provide valuable information that would help to accelerate the development of therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh
- Department of AnatomyDongguk University College of MedicineGyeongju38066South Korea
- ABEx Bio‐Research CenterEast Azampur, DhakaBangladesh
| | - Sadaqur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
| | - Motaher Hossain
- Department of Biological SciencesThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabamaUSA
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial BiotechnologySylhet Agricultural UniversitySylhetBangladesh
| | - Md Kawsar Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhetBangladesh
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Amena Khatun
- Northern International Medical College HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of AnatomyDongguk University College of MedicineGyeongju38066South Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio‐Research CenterEast Azampur, DhakaBangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of PharmacyEwha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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29
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30
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Ruzsics Z, Hoffmann K, Riedl A, Krawczyk A, Widera M, Sertznig H, Schipper L, Kapper-Falcone V, Debreczeny M, Ernst W, Grabherr R, Hengel H, Harant H. A Novel, Broad-Acting Peptide Inhibitor of Double-Stranded DNA Virus Gene Expression and Replication. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:601555. [PMID: 33281801 PMCID: PMC7705112 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.601555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are a global disease burden with only a limited number of antiviral agents available. Due to newly emerging viral pathogens and increasing occurrence of drug resistance, there is a continuous need for additional therapeutic options, preferably with extended target range. In the present study, we describe a novel antiviral peptide with broad activity against several double-stranded DNA viruses. The 22-mer peptide TAT-I24 potently neutralized viruses such as herpes simplex viruses, adenovirus type 5, cytomegalovirus, vaccinia virus, and simian virus 40 in cell culture models, while being less active against RNA viruses. The peptide TAT-I24 therefore represents a novel and promising drug candidate for use against double-stranded DNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Ruzsics
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Hoffmann
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - André Riedl
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, Universitätsmedizin Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Helene Sertznig
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Leonie Schipper
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Valeria Kapper-Falcone
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monika Debreczeny
- VIBT Imaging Center, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Ernst
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hartmut Hengel
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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31
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Xiong R, Zhang L, Li S, Sun Y, Ding M, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Shang W, Jiang X, Shan J, Shen Z, Tong Y, Xu L, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zou G, Lavillete D, Zhao Z, Wang R, Zhu L, Xiao G, Lan K, Li H, Xu K. Novel and potent inhibitors targeting DHODH are broad-spectrum antivirals against RNA viruses including newly-emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Protein Cell 2020; 11:723-739. [PMID: 32754890 DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.11.983056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses occasionally cause epidemics and pandemics worldwide, such as the on-going outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we identified two potent inhibitors of human DHODH, S312 and S416, with favorable drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic profiles, which all showed broad-spectrum antiviral effects against various RNA viruses, including influenza A virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, and particularly against SARS-CoV-2. Notably, S416 is reported to be the most potent inhibitor so far with an EC50 of 17 nmol/L and an SI value of 10,505.88 in infected cells. Our results are the first to validate that DHODH is an attractive host target through high antiviral efficacy in vivo and low virus replication in DHODH knock-out cells. This work demonstrates that both S312/S416 and old drugs (Leflunomide/Teriflunomide) with dual actions of antiviral and immuno-regulation may have clinical potentials to cure SARS-CoV-2 or other RNA viruses circulating worldwide, no matter such viruses are mutated or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Leike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Minyi Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yongliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Weijuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiwei Shan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zihao Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liuxin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yingle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Gang Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dimitri Lavillete
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Gengfu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Signer J, Jonsdottir HR, Albrich WC, Strasser M, Züst R, Ryter S, Ackermann-Gäumann R, Lenz N, Siegrist D, Suter A, Schoop R, Engler OB. In vitro virucidal activity of Echinaforce®, an Echinacea purpurea preparation, against coronaviruses, including common cold coronavirus 229E and SARS-CoV-2. Virol J 2020; 17:136. [PMID: 32907596 PMCID: PMC7479405 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronaviruses (CoVs) were long thought to only cause mild respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms in humans but outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-CoV, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV-1, and the recently identified SARS-CoV-2 have cemented their zoonotic potential and their capacity to cause serious morbidity and mortality, with case fatality rates ranging from 4 to 35%. Currently, no specific prophylaxis or treatment is available for CoV infections. Therefore we investigated the virucidal and antiviral potential of Echinacea purpurea (Echinaforce®) against human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E, highly pathogenic MERS- and SARS-CoVs, as well as the newly identified SARS-CoV-2, in vitro. METHODS To evaluate the antiviral potential of the extract, we pre-treated virus particles and cells and evaluated remaining infectivity by limited dilution. Furthermore, we exposed cells to the extract after infection to further evaluate its potential as a prophylaxis and treatment against coronaviruses. We also determined the protective effect of Echinaforce® in re-constituted nasal epithelium. RESULTS In the current study, we found that HCoV-229E was irreversibly inactivated when exposed to Echinaforce® at 3.2 μg/ml IC50. Pre-treatment of cell lines, however, did not inhibit infection with HCoV-229E and post-infection treatment had only a marginal effect on virus propagation at 50 μg/ml. However, we did observe a protective effect in an organotypic respiratory cell culture system by exposing pre-treated respiratory epithelium to droplets of HCoV-229E, imitating a natural infection. The observed virucidal activity of Echinaforce® was not restricted to common cold coronaviruses, as both SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoVs were inactivated at comparable concentrations. Finally, the causative agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 was also inactivated upon treatment with 50μg/ml Echinaforce®. CONCLUSIONS These results show that Echinaforce® is virucidal against HCoV-229E, upon direct contact and in an organotypic cell culture model. Furthermore, MERS-CoV and both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 were inactivated at similar concentrations of the extract. Therefore we hypothesize that Echinacea purpurea preparations, such as Echinaforce®, could be effective as prophylactic treatment for all CoVs due to their structural similarities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Werner C Albrich
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marc Strasser
- SPIEZ LABORATORY, Austrasse, 3700, Spiez, Switzerland
| | - Roland Züst
- SPIEZ LABORATORY, Austrasse, 3700, Spiez, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Ryter
- SPIEZ LABORATORY, Austrasse, 3700, Spiez, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicole Lenz
- SPIEZ LABORATORY, Austrasse, 3700, Spiez, Switzerland
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A Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Peptide Blocks Infection of Viruses by Binding to Phosphatidylserine in the Viral Envelope. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091989. [PMID: 32872420 PMCID: PMC7563927 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing threat of viral infections and the emergence of antiviral drug resistance warrants a ceaseless search for new antiviral compounds. Broadly-inhibiting compounds that act on elements shared by many viruses are promising antiviral candidates. Here, we identify a peptide derived from the cowpox virus protein CPXV012 as a broad-spectrum antiviral peptide. We found that CPXV012 peptide hampers infection by a multitude of clinically and economically important enveloped viruses, including poxviruses, herpes simplex virus-1, hepatitis B virus, HIV-1, and Rift Valley fever virus. Infections with non-enveloped viruses such as Coxsackie B3 virus and adenovirus are not affected. The results furthermore suggest that viral particles are neutralized by direct interactions with CPXV012 peptide and that this cationic peptide may specifically bind to and disrupt membranes composed of the anionic phospholipid phosphatidylserine, an important component of many viral membranes. The combined results strongly suggest that CPXV012 peptide inhibits virus infections by direct interactions with phosphatidylserine in the viral envelope. These results reiterate the potential of cationic peptides as broadly-acting virus inhibitors.
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Xiong R, Zhang L, Li S, Sun Y, Ding M, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Shang W, Jiang X, Shan J, Shen Z, Tong Y, Xu L, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zou G, Lavillete D, Zhao Z, Wang R, Zhu L, Xiao G, Lan K, Li H, Xu K. Novel and potent inhibitors targeting DHODH are broad-spectrum antivirals against RNA viruses including newly-emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Protein Cell 2020; 11:723-739. [PMID: 32754890 PMCID: PMC7402641 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00768-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses occasionally cause epidemics and pandemics worldwide, such as the on-going outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we identified two potent inhibitors of human DHODH, S312 and S416, with favorable drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic profiles, which all showed broad-spectrum antiviral effects against various RNA viruses, including influenza A virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, and particularly against SARS-CoV-2. Notably, S416 is reported to be the most potent inhibitor so far with an EC50 of 17 nmol/L and an SI value of 10,505.88 in infected cells. Our results are the first to validate that DHODH is an attractive host target through high antiviral efficacy in vivo and low virus replication in DHODH knock-out cells. This work demonstrates that both S312/S416 and old drugs (Leflunomide/Teriflunomide) with dual actions of antiviral and immuno-regulation may have clinical potentials to cure SARS-CoV-2 or other RNA viruses circulating worldwide, no matter such viruses are mutated or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Leike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Minyi Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yongliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Weijuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiwei Shan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zihao Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yi Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liuxin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yingle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Gang Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dimitri Lavillete
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Gengfu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Senthil Kumar KJ, Gokila Vani M, Wang CS, Chen CC, Chen YC, Lu LP, Huang CH, Lai CS, Wang SY. Geranium and Lemon Essential Oils and Their Active Compounds Downregulate Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), a SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain, in Epithelial Cells. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060770. [PMID: 32575476 PMCID: PMC7355681 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), is a pandemic disease that has been declared as modern history’s gravest health emergency worldwide. Until now, no precise treatment modality has been developed. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, a host cell receptor, has been found to play a crucial role in virus cell entry; therefore, ACE2 blockers can be a potential target for anti-viral intervention. In this study, we evaluated the ACE2 inhibitory effects of 10 essential oils. Among them, geranium and lemon oils displayed significant ACE2 inhibitory effects in epithelial cells. In addition, immunoblotting and qPCR analysis also confirmed that geranium and lemon oils possess potent ACE2 inhibitory effects. Furthermore, the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis displayed 22 compounds in geranium oil and 9 compounds in lemon oil. Citronellol, geraniol, and neryl acetate were the major compounds of geranium oil and limonene that represented major compound of lemon oil. Next, we found that treatment with citronellol and limonene significantly downregulated ACE2 expression in epithelial cells. The results suggest that geranium and lemon essential oils and their derivative compounds are valuable natural anti-viral agents that may contribute to the prevention of the invasion of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 into the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Senthil Kumar
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.J.S.K.); (M.G.V.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - M. Gokila Vani
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.J.S.K.); (M.G.V.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Chung-Shuan Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.J.S.K.); (M.G.V.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Chia-Chi Chen
- Bio-Jourdeness International Groups Co. Ltd., Taichung 40462, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-C.C.); (L.-P.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Yu-Chien Chen
- Bio-Jourdeness International Groups Co. Ltd., Taichung 40462, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-C.C.); (L.-P.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Li-Ping Lu
- Bio-Jourdeness International Groups Co. Ltd., Taichung 40462, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-C.C.); (L.-P.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Ching-Hsiang Huang
- Bio-Jourdeness International Groups Co. Ltd., Taichung 40462, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-C.C.); (L.-P.L.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Chien-Sing Lai
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.J.S.K.); (M.G.V.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Sheng-Yang Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.J.S.K.); (M.G.V.); (C.-S.W.); (C.-S.L.)
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22840345 (ext. 138)
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Abstract
The process of entry into a host cell is a key step in the life cycle of most viruses. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in our understanding of the routes and mechanisms of entry for a number of these viruses. This has led to the development of novel broad-spectrum antiviral approaches that target host cell proteins and pathways, in addition to strategies focused on individual viruses or virus families. Here we consider a number of these approaches and their broad-spectrum potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Mazzon
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Marsh
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
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37
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Vilas Boas LCP, Campos ML, Berlanda RLA, de Carvalho Neves N, Franco OL. Antiviral peptides as promising therapeutic drugs. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3525-3542. [PMID: 31101936 PMCID: PMC7079787 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03138-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
While scientific advances have led to large-scale production and widespread distribution of vaccines and antiviral drugs, viruses still remain a major cause of human diseases today. The ever-increasing reports of viral resistance and the emergence and re-emergence of viral epidemics pressure the health and scientific community to constantly find novel molecules with antiviral potential. This search involves numerous different approaches, and the use of antimicrobial peptides has presented itself as an interesting alternative. Even though the number of antimicrobial peptides with antiviral activity is still low, they already show immense potential to become pharmaceutically available antiviral drugs. Such peptides can originate from natural sources, such as those isolated from mammals and from animal venoms, or from artificial sources, when bioinformatics tools are used. This review aims to shed some light on antimicrobial peptides with antiviral activities against human viruses and update the data about the already well-known peptides that are still undergoing studies, emphasizing the most promising ones that may become medicines for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Lattarulo Campos
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Rhayfa Lorrayne Araujo Berlanda
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Natan de Carvalho Neves
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Universidade de Brasília, Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil.
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, 79117-900, Brazil.
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38
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Xu J, Cai Y, Jiang B, Li X, Jin H, Liu W, Kong Z, Hong J, Sealy JE, Iqbal M, Li Y. An optimized aptamer-binding viral tegument protein VP8 inhibits the production of Bovine Herpesvirus-1 through blocking nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:1226-1238. [PMID: 31445153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a major pathogen of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in bovine. Previously, we generated the aptamer IBRV A4 using systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. This aptamer inhibited infectivity of BoHV-1 by blocking viral particle absorption onto cell membranes. In this study, we found that the major tegument protein VP8 of BoHV-1 was involved in inhibition of infectious virus production by IBRV A4. We improved the affinity of IBRV A4 for VP8 by optimizing aptamer's structure and repeat conformation. An optimized aptamer, IBRV A4.7, was constructed with quadruple binding sites and a new stem-loop structure, which had a stronger binding affinity for VP8 or BoHV-1 than raw aptamer IBRV A4. IBRV A4.7 bound to VP8 with a dissociation constant (Kd) value of 0.2054 ± 0.03948 nM and bound to BoHV-1 with a Kd value of 0.3637 ± 0.05452 nM. Crucially, IBRV A4.7 had improved antiviral activity compared to IBRV A4, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 1.16 ± 0.042 μM. Our results also revealed IBRV A4.7 inhibited BoHV-1 production in MDBK cells through blocking nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of viral VP8 in BoHV-1-infected MDBK cells. In conclusion, the aptamer IBRV A4.7 may have potency in preventing outbreaks in herds due to reactivation of latency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Yunhong Cai
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Huan Jin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Wenxiao Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Zimeng Kong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, PR China
| | - Jiabing Hong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, PR China
| | - Joshua E Sealy
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China; The Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Munir Iqbal
- Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China; The Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Yongqing Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Prevention & Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing 100097, PR China.
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Jung Y, Kong B, Moon S, Yu SH, Chung J, Ban C, Chung WJ, Kim SG, Kweon DH. Envelope-deforming antiviral peptide derived from influenza virus M2 protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:507-512. [PMID: 31375212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecules interfering with lipid bilayer function exhibit strong antiviral activity against a broad range of enveloped viruses, with a lower risk of resistance development than that for viral protein-targeting drugs. Amphipathic peptides are rich sources of such membrane-interacting antivirals. Here, we report that influenza viruses were effectively inactivated by M2 AH, an amphipathic peptide derived from the M2 protein of the influenza virus. Although overall hydrophobicity (<H>) of M2 AH was not related to antiviral activity, modification of the hydrophobic moment (<μH>) of M2 AH dramatically altered the antiviral activity of this peptide. M2 MH, a derivative of M2 AH with a <μH> of 0.874, showed a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 53.3 nM against the A/PR/8/34 strain (H1N1), which is 16-times lower than that of M2 AH. The selectivity index (IC50/CC50), where CC50 is the half maximal cytotoxic concentration, was 360 for M2 MH and 81 for M2 AH. Dynamic light scattering spectroscopy and electron microscopy revealed that M2 AH-derived peptides did not disrupt liposomes but altered the shape of viruses. This result suggests that the shape of virus envelope was closely related to its activity. Thus, we propose that deforming without rupturing the membranes may achieve a high selectivity index for peptide antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghun Jung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungjae Kong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokoh Moon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyeon Yu
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyo Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongjin Ban
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jae Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Center for Biologics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, U1 University, Yeongdong, 29131, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kweon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Center for Biologics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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40
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García-Serradilla M, Risco C, Pacheco B. Drug repurposing for new, efficient, broad spectrum antivirals. Virus Res 2019; 264:22-31. [PMID: 30794895 PMCID: PMC7114681 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Emerging viruses are a major threat to human health. Recent outbreaks have emphasized the urgent need for new antiviral treatments. For several pathogenic viruses, considerable efforts have focused on vaccine development. However, during epidemics infected individuals need to be treated urgently. High-throughput screening of clinically tested compounds provides a rapid means to identify undiscovered, antiviral functions for well-characterized therapeutics. Repurposed drugs can bypass part of the early cost and time needed for validation and authorization. In this review we describe recent efforts to find broad spectrum antivirals through drug repurposing. We have chosen several candidates and propose strategies to understand their mechanism of action and to determine how resistance to antivirals develops in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés García-Serradilla
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, National Research Council, CNB-CSIC, Darwin 3, UAM, campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Risco
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, National Research Council, CNB-CSIC, Darwin 3, UAM, campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pacheco
- Cell Structure Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, National Research Council, CNB-CSIC, Darwin 3, UAM, campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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41
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Mazzon M, Ortega-Prieto AM, Imrie D, Luft C, Hess L, Czieso S, Grove J, Skelton JK, Farleigh L, Bugert JJ, Wright E, Temperton N, Angell R, Oxenford S, Jacobs M, Ketteler R, Dorner M, Marsh M. Identification of Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Compounds by Targeting Viral Entry. Viruses 2019; 11:E176. [PMID: 30791609 PMCID: PMC6410080 DOI: 10.3390/v11020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are a major threat to human health and economic well-being. In recent years Ebola, Zika, influenza, and chikungunya virus epidemics have raised awareness that infections can spread rapidly before vaccines or specific antagonists can be made available. Broad-spectrum antivirals are drugs with the potential to inhibit infection by viruses from different groups or families, which may be deployed during outbreaks when specific diagnostics, vaccines or directly acting antivirals are not available. While pathogen-directed approaches are generally effective against a few closely related viruses, targeting cellular pathways used by multiple viral agents can have broad-spectrum efficacy. Virus entry, particularly clathrin-mediated endocytosis, constitutes an attractive target as it is used by many viruses. Using a phenotypic screening strategy where the inhibitory activity of small molecules was sequentially tested against different viruses, we identified 12 compounds with broad-spectrum activity, and found a subset blocking viral internalisation and/or fusion. Importantly, we show that compounds identified with this approach can reduce viral replication in a mouse model of Zika infection. This work provides proof of concept that it is possible to identify broad-spectrum inhibitors by iterative phenotypic screenings, and that inhibition of host-pathways critical for viral life cycles can be an effective antiviral strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Mazzon
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Ana Maria Ortega-Prieto
- Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Douglas Imrie
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Christin Luft
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Lena Hess
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Stephanie Czieso
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Joe Grove
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK.
| | - Jessica Katy Skelton
- Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Laura Farleigh
- Medical Microbiology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Joachim J Bugert
- Medical Microbiology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, 80937 Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Nigel Temperton
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Richard Angell
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Sally Oxenford
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Michael Jacobs
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, UCL Medical School, London NW3 2QG, UK.
| | - Robin Ketteler
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Marcus Dorner
- Section of Virology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Mark Marsh
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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42
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Inglesby TV, Adalja AA. Characteristics of Microbes Most Likely to Cause Pandemics and Global Catastrophes. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 424:1-20. [PMID: 31463536 PMCID: PMC7122301 DOI: 10.1007/82_2019_176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Predicting which pathogen will confer the highest global catastrophic biological risk (GCBR) of a pandemic is a difficult task. Many approaches are retrospective and premised on prior pandemics; however, such an approach may fail to appreciate novel threats that do not have exact historical precedent. In this paper, based on a study and project we undertook, a new paradigm for pandemic preparedness is presented. This paradigm seeks to root pandemic risk in actual attributes possessed by specific classes of microbial organisms and leads to specific recommendations to augment preparedness activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas V. Inglesby
- Center for Health Security, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Amesh A. Adalja
- Center for Health Security, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
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43
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Naran K, Nundalall T, Chetty S, Barth S. Principles of Immunotherapy: Implications for Treatment Strategies in Cancer and Infectious Diseases. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:3158. [PMID: 30622524 PMCID: PMC6308495 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advances in cancer biology and pathogenesis during the past two decades, have resulted in immunotherapeutic strategies that have revolutionized the treatment of malignancies, from relatively non-selective toxic agents to specific, mechanism-based therapies. Despite extensive global efforts, infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating novel, innovative therapeutics that address the current challenges of increasing antimicrobial resistance. Similar to cancer pathogenesis, infectious pathogens successfully fashion a hospitable environment within the host and modulate host metabolic functions to support their nutritional requirements, while suppressing host defenses by altering regulatory mechanisms. These parallels, and the advances made in targeted therapy in cancer, may inform the rational development of therapeutic interventions for infectious diseases. Although "immunotherapy" is habitually associated with the treatment of cancer, this review accentuates the evolving role of key targeted immune interventions that are approved, as well as those in development, for various cancers and infectious diseases. The general features of adoptive therapies, those that enhance T cell effector function, and ligand-based therapies, that neutralize or eliminate diseased cells, are discussed in the context of specific diseases that, to date, lack appropriate remedial treatment; cancer, HIV, TB, and drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections. The remarkable diversity and versatility that distinguishes immunotherapy is emphasized, consequently establishing this approach within the armory of curative therapeutics, applicable across the disease spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa Naran
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Trishana Nundalall
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shivan Chetty
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefan Barth
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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44
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Dong HJ, Wang ZH, Meng W, Li CC, Hu YX, Zhou L, Wang XJ. The Natural Compound Homoharringtonine Presents Broad Antiviral Activity In Vitro and In Vivo. Viruses 2018; 10:E601. [PMID: 30388805 PMCID: PMC6266276 DOI: 10.3390/v10110601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To complement traditional antivirals, natural compounds that act via host targets and present high barriers to resistance are of increasing interest. In the work reported here, we detected that homoharringtonine (HHT) presents effective antiviral activity. HHT completely inhibited infections of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) at concentrations of 50, 100, and 500 nM in cell cultures, respectively. Treatment with HHT at doses of 0.05 or 0.2 mg/kg significantly reduced viral load and relieved severe symptoms in PEDV- or NDV-infected animals. HHT treatment, however, moderately inhibited avian influenza virus (AIV) infection, suggesting its potent antiviral action is restricted to a number of classes of RNA viruses. In this study, we also observed that HHT actively inhibited herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 139 nM; the treatment with HHT at 1000 nM led to reductions of three orders of magnitude. Moreover, HHT antagonized the phosphorylation level of endogenous and exogenous eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (p-eIF4E), which might regulate the selective translation of specific messenger RNA (mRNA). HHT provides a starting point for further progress toward the clinical development of broad-spectrum antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhao-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Cui-Cui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yan-Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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45
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Wang C, Zhao L, Xia S, Zhang T, Cao R, Liang G, Li Y, Meng G, Wang W, Shi W, Zhong W, Jiang S, Liu K. De Novo Design of α-Helical Lipopeptides Targeting Viral Fusion Proteins: A Promising Strategy for Relatively Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8734-8745. [PMID: 30192544 PMCID: PMC7075651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Class I enveloped viruses share similarities in their apparent use of a hexameric coiled-coil assembly to drive the merging of virus and host cell membranes. Inhibition of coiled coil-mediated interactions using bioactive peptides that replicate an α-helical chain from the viral fusion machinery has significant antiviral potential. Here, we present the construction of a series of lipopeptides composed of a de novo heptad repeat sequence-based α-helical peptide plus a hydrocarbon tail. Promisingly, the constructs adopted stable α-helical conformations and exhibited relatively broad-spectrum antiviral activities against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and influenza A viruses (IAVs). Together, these findings reveal a new strategy for relatively broad-spectrum antiviral drug discovery by relying on the tunability of the α-helical coiled-coil domains present in all class I fusion proteins and the amphiphilic nature of the individual helices from this multihelix motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuai Xia
- Key
Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic
Medical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Guodong Liang
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory
of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of the Ministry of
Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guangpeng Meng
- Key Laboratory
of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of the Ministry of
Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weicong Wang
- Department
of Clinical Trial Center, China National Clinical Research Center
for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiguo Shi
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wu Zhong
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic
Medical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Lindsley
F. Kimball Research Institute, New York
Blood Center, New York, New York 10065, United
States
| | - Keliang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
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46
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Garcia-Moreno M, Järvelin AI, Castello A. Unconventional RNA-binding proteins step into the virus-host battlefront. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2018; 9:e1498. [PMID: 30091184 PMCID: PMC7169762 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The crucial participation of cellular RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) in virtually all steps of virus infection has been known for decades. However, most of the studies characterizing this phenomenon have focused on well‐established RBPs harboring classical RNA‐binding domains (RBDs). Recent proteome‐wide approaches have greatly expanded the census of RBPs, discovering hundreds of proteins that interact with RNA through unconventional RBDs. These domains include protein–protein interaction platforms, enzymatic cores, and intrinsically disordered regions. Here, we compared the experimentally determined census of RBPs to gene ontology terms and literature, finding that 472 proteins have previous links with viruses. We discuss what these proteins are and what their roles in infection might be. We also review some of the pioneering examples of unorthodox RBPs whose RNA‐binding activity has been shown to be critical for virus infection. Finally, we highlight the potential of these proteins for host‐based therapies against viruses. This article is categorized under:
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aino I Järvelin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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47
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Co-protoporphyrin IX and Sn-protoporphyrin IX inactivate Zika, Chikungunya and other arboviruses by targeting the viral envelope. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9805. [PMID: 29955082 PMCID: PMC6023862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The global situation of diseases transmitted by arthropod-borne viruses such as Dengue (DENV), Yellow Fever (YFV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses is alarming and treatment of human infection by these arboviruses faces several challenges. The discovery of broad-spectrum antiviral molecules, able to inactivate different groups of viruses, is an interesting approach. The viral envelope is a common structure among arboviruses, being a potential target for antivirals. Porphyrins are amphipathic molecules able to interact with membranes and absorb light, being widely used in photodynamic therapy. Previously, we showed that heme, Co-protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX) and Sn-protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX) directly inactivate DENV and YFV infectious particles. Here we demonstrate that the antiviral activity of these porphyrins can be broadened to CHIKV, ZIKV, Mayaro virus, Sindbis virus and Vesicular Stomatitis virus. Porphyrin treatment causes viral envelope protein loss, affecting viral morphology, adsorption and entry into target cells. Also, light-stimulation enhanced the SnPPIX activity against all tested arboviruses. In summary, CoPPIX and SnPPIX were shown to be efficient broad-spectrum compounds to inactivate medically and veterinary important viruses.
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48
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Battling for Ribosomes: Translational Control at the Forefront of the Antiviral Response. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:1965-1992. [PMID: 29746850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the early stages of infection, gaining control of the cellular protein synthesis machinery including its ribosomes is the ultimate combat objective for a virus. To successfully replicate, viruses unequivocally need to usurp and redeploy this machinery for translation of their own mRNA. In response, the host triggers global shutdown of translation while paradoxically allowing swift synthesis of antiviral proteins as a strategy to limit collateral damage. This fundamental conflict at the level of translational control defines the outcome of infection. As part of this special issue on molecular mechanisms of early virus-host cell interactions, we review the current state of knowledge regarding translational control during viral infection with specific emphasis on protein kinase RNA-activated and mammalian target of rapamycin-mediated mechanisms. We also describe recent technological advances that will allow unprecedented insight into how viruses and host cells battle for ribosomes.
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49
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Zuwala K, Riber CF, Løvschall KB, Andersen AHF, Sørensen L, Gajda P, Tolstrup M, Zelikin AN. Macromolecular prodrugs of ribavirin: Polymer backbone defines blood safety, drug release, and efficacy of anti-inflammatory effects. J Control Release 2018; 275:53-66. [PMID: 29432822 PMCID: PMC7114659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular (pro)drugs hold much promise as broad-spectrum antiviral agents as either microbicides or carriers for intracellular delivery of antiviral drugs. Intriguing opportunity exists in combining the two modes of antiviral activity in the same polymer structure such that the same polymer acts as a microbicide and also serves to deliver the conjugated drug (ribavirin) into the cells. We explore this opportunity in detail and focus on the polymer backbone as a decisive constituent of such formulations. Fourteen polyanions (polycarboxylates, polyphosphates and polyphosphonates, and polysulfonates) were analyzed for blood pro/anti coagulation effects, albumin binding and albumin aggregation, inhibitory activity on polymerases, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity in stimulated macrophages. Ribavirin containing monomers were designed to accommodate the synthesis of macromolecular prodrugs with disulfide-exchange triggered drug release. Kinetics of drug release was fast in all cases however enhanced hydrophobicity of the polymer significantly slowed release of ribavirin. Results of this study present a comprehensive view on polyanions as backbone for macromolecular prodrugs of ribavirin as broad-spectrum antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Zuwala
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | | | | | - Anna H F Andersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | - Lise Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark
| | - Paulina Gajda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Denmark
| | - Alexander N Zelikin
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark; iNano Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre, Aarhus University, 8000, Denmark.
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Röcker AE, Müller JA, Dietzel E, Harms M, Krüger F, Heid C, Sowislok A, Riber CF, Kupke A, Lippold S, von Einem J, Beer J, Knöll B, Becker S, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Otto M, Vapalahti O, Zelikin AN, Bitan G, Schrader T, Münch J. The molecular tweezer CLR01 inhibits Ebola and Zika virus infection. Antiviral Res 2018; 152:26-35. [PMID: 29428508 PMCID: PMC7113745 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ebola (EBOV) and Zika viruses (ZIKV) are responsible for recent global health threats. As no preventive vaccines or antiviral drugs against these two re-emerging pathogens are available, we evaluated whether the molecular tweezer CLR01 may inhibit EBOV and ZIKV infection. This small molecule has previously been shown to inactivate HIV-1 and herpes viruses through a selective interaction with lipid-raft-rich regions in the viral envelope, which results in membrane disruption and loss of infectivity. We found that CLR01 indeed blocked infection of EBOV and ZIKV in a dose-dependent manner. The tweezer inhibited infection of epidemic ZIKV strains in cells derived from the anogenital tract and the central nervous system, and remained antivirally active in the presence of semen, saliva, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. Our findings show that CLR01 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of enveloped viruses with prospects as a preventative microbicide or antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika E Röcker
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Janis A Müller
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Erik Dietzel
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mirja Harms
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Franziska Krüger
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Heid
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Andrea Sowislok
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra Kupke
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sina Lippold
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens von Einem
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Judith Beer
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernd Knöll
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit
- Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology and Immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Gal Bitan
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; U-PEP and Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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