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Agarwal V, Abd El E, Danelli SG, Gatta E, Massabò D, Mazzei F, Meier B, Prati P, Vernocchi V, Wang J. Influence of CO 2 and Dust on the Survival of Non-Resistant and Multi-Resistant Airborne E. coli Strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:558. [PMID: 38927224 PMCID: PMC11201083 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The airborne transmission of bacterial pathogens poses a significant challenge to public health, especially with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. This study investigated environmental factors influencing the survival of airborne bacteria, focusing on the effects of different carbon dioxide (CO2) and dust concentrations. The experiments were conducted in an atmospheric simulation chamber using the non-resistant wild-type E. coli K12 (JM109) and a multi-resistant variant (JM109-pEC958). Different CO2 (100 ppm, 800 ppm, 3000 ppm) and dust concentrations (250 µg m-3, 500 µg m-3, 2000 µg m-3) were tested to encompass a wide range of CO2 and dust levels. The results revealed that JM109-pEC958 exhibited greater resilience to high CO2 and dust concentrations compared to its non-resistant counterpart. At 3000 ppm CO2, the survival rate of JM109 was significantly reduced, while the survival rate of JM109-pEC958 remained unaffected. At the dust concentration of 250 µg m-3, JM109 exhibited significantly reduced survival, whereas JM109-pEC958 did not. When the dust concentration was increased to 500 and 2000 µg m-3, even the JM109-pEC958 experienced substantially reduced survival rates, which were still significantly higher than those of its non-resistant counterpart at these concentrations. These findings suggest that multi-resistant E. coli strains possess mechanisms enabling them to endure extreme environmental conditions better than non-resistant strains, potentially involving regulatory genes or efflux pumps. The study underscores the importance of understanding bacterial adaptation strategies to develop effective mitigation approaches against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in atmospheric environments. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the interplay between environmental stressors and bacterial survival, serving as a foundational step towards elucidating the adaptation mechanisms of multi-resistant bacteria and informing strategies for combating antibiotic resistance in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Agarwal
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8983 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.A.); (B.M.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Elena Abd El
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Silvia Giulia Danelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Elena Gatta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Dario Massabò
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Federico Mazzei
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Benedikt Meier
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8983 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.A.); (B.M.)
| | - Paolo Prati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy; (E.A.E.); (S.G.D.); (E.G.); (D.M.); (F.M.); (P.P.)
- INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8983 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.A.); (B.M.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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2
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Harnpicharnchai P, Siriarchawatana P, Mayteeworakoon S, Ingsrisawang L, Likhitrattanapisal S, Eurwilaichitr L, Ingsriswang S. Interplay of xenobiotic-degrading and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms among the microbiome found in the air, handrail, and floor of the subway station. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118269. [PMID: 38246293 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Investigating the quality of the subway environment, especially regarding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and xenobiotics, conveys ecological and health impacts. In this study, compositions and relations of microorganisms harboring ARGs and xenobiotic degradation and metabolism genes (XDGs) in the Sukhumvit subway station (MRT-SKV) in Bangkok was assessed by analyzing the taxonomic and genetic diversity of the microbiome in the air and on the surfaces of floor and handrail. The major bacteria in the MRT-SKV (including Moraxella, which was abundant in the bioaerosol and handrail samples, and Staphylococcus, which was abundant in the bioaerosol samples) were found to contain both ARGs and XDGs. The co-abundance correlation network revealed notable relationships among bacteria harboring antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and xenobiotic degradation genes (XDGs). Significant associations were observed between ARGs linked to glycopeptide and fluoroquinolone resistance and genes associated with benzoate, styrene, and atrazine degradation pathways, as well as between ARGs related to cephamycin, cephalosporin, and MLS resistance and XDGs associated with the cytochrome P450-dependent drug metabolism pathway. These correlations suggested that selective pressure exerted by certain xenobiotics and antibiotics can simultaneously affect both ARGs and XDGs in the environment and should favor correlations and co-survival among ARG- and XDG-containing bacteria in the environments. The correlations may occur via shared mechanisms of resistance to both xenobiotics and antibiotics. Finally, different correlation pairs were seen in different niches (air, handrail, floor) of the subway environment or different geolocations. Thus, the relationship between ARG and XDG pairs most likely depends on the unique characteristics of the niches and on the prominent types of xenobiotics and antibiotics in the subway environment. The results indicated that interactions and connections between microbial communities can impact how they function. These microorganisms can have profound effects on accumulation of xenobiotics and ARGs in the MRT-SKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanun Harnpicharnchai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Paopit Siriarchawatana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sermsiri Mayteeworakoon
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Lily Ingsrisawang
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somsak Likhitrattanapisal
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Lily Eurwilaichitr
- National Energy Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Ingsriswang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
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3
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Chudzik A, Jalkanen K, Täubel M, Szponar B, Paściak M. Identification of environmental Actinobacteria in buildings by means of chemotaxonomy, 16S rRNA sequencing, and MALDI-TOF MS. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0359623. [PMID: 38299830 PMCID: PMC10913483 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03596-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Actinobacteria are abundant in soil and other environmental ecosystems and are also an important part of the human microbiota. Hence, they can also be detected in indoor environments and on building materials, where actinobacterial proliferation on damp materials can indicate moisture damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for the identification of 28 environmental strains of Actinobacteria isolated from building materials and indoor and outdoor air samples, mainly collected in the context of moisture damage investigations in buildings in Finland. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and chemotaxonomic analyses were performed, and results were compared with the MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper identification. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, all isolates were identified on the species or genus level and were representatives of Streptomyces, Nocardia, and Pseudonocardia genera. Based on MALDI-TOF MS analysis, initially, 11 isolates were identified as Streptomyces spp. and 1 as Nocardia carnea with a high identification score. After an upgrade in the MALDI-TOF MS in-house database and re-evaluation of mass spectra, 13 additional isolates were identified as Nocardia, Pseudonocardia, and Streptomyces. MALDI-TOF MS has the potential in environmental strain identification; however, the standard database needs to be considerably enriched by environmental Actinobacteria representatives. IMPORTANCE The manuscript addresses the challenges in identifying environmental bacteria using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Biotyper-based protein profiling. The matter of the studies-actinobacterial strains-has been isolated mostly from building materials that originated from a confirmed moisture-damaged situation. Polyphasic taxonomy, 16S RNA gene sequencing, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry were applied for identification purposes. In this experimental paper, a few important facts are highlighted. First, Actinobacteria are abundant in the natural as well as built environment, and their identification on the species and genus levels is difficult and time-consuming. Second, MALDI-TOF MS is an effective tool for identifying bacterial environmental strains, and in parallel, continuous enrichment of the proteomics mass spectral databases is necessary for proper identification. Third, the chemical approach aids in the taxonomical inquiry of Actinobacteria environmental strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chudzik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kaisa Jalkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Bogumiła Szponar
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariola Paściak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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4
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Hu P, Sharaby Y, Gu J, Radian A, Lang‐Yona N. Environmental processes and health implications potentially mediated by dust-borne bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13222. [PMID: 38151778 PMCID: PMC10866058 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Understanding microbial migration and survival mechanisms in dust events (DEs) can elucidate genetic and metabolic exchange between environments and help predict the atmospheric pathways of ecological and health-related microbial stressors. Dust-borne microbial communities have been previously characterized, but the impact and interactions between potentially active bacteria within transported communities remain limited. Here, we analysed samples collected during DEs in Israel, using amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes and transcripts. Different air trajectories and wind speeds were associated not only with the genomic microbial community composition variations but also with specific 16S rRNA bacterial transcripts. Potentially active dust-borne bacteria exhibited positive interactions, including carbon and nitrogen cycling, biotransformation of heavy metals, degradation of organic compounds, biofilm formation, and the presence of pathogenic taxa. This study provides insights into the potential interactive relationships and survival strategies of microorganisms within the extreme dust environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hu
- Civil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research GroupGuangdong Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Yehonatan Sharaby
- Civil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
- Present address:
Department of Biology and EnvironmentUniversity of HaifaOranimTivonIsrael
| | - Ji‐Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research GroupGuangdong Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyShantouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy ConversionGuangdong Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Adi Radian
- Civil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Naama Lang‐Yona
- Civil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
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5
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Saibu S, Uhanie Perera I, Suzuki S, Rodó X, Fujiyoshi S, Maruyama F. Resistomes in freshwater bioaerosols and their impact on drinking and recreational water safety: A perspective. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108377. [PMID: 38103344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widespread environmental pollutants of biological origin that pose a significant threat to human, animal, and plant health, as well as to ecosystems. ARGs are found in soil, water, air, and waste, and several pathways for global dissemination in the environment have been described. However, studies on airborne ARG transport through atmospheric particles are limited. The ARGs in microorganisms inhabiting an environment are referred to as the "resistome". A global search was conducted of air-resistome studies by retrieving bioaerosol ARG-related papers published in the last 30 years from PubMed. We found that there is no dedicated methodology for isolating ARGs in bioaerosols; instead, conventional methods for microbial culture and metagenomic analysis are used in combination with standard aerosol sampling techniques. There is a dearth of information on the bioaerosol resistomes of freshwater environments and their impact on freshwater sources used for drinking and recreational activities. More studies of aerobiome freshwater environments are needed to ensure the safe use of water and sanitation. In this review we outline and synthesize the few studies that address the freshwater air microbiome (from tap water, bathroom showers, rivers, lakes, and swimming pools) and their resistomes, as well as the likely impacts on drinking and recreational waters. We also discuss current knowledge gaps for the freshwater airborne resistome. This review will stimulate new investigations of the atmospheric microbiome, particularly in areas where both air and water quality are of public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salametu Saibu
- Department of Microbiology, Lagos State University of Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ishara Uhanie Perera
- Section of Microbial Genomics and Ecology, Planetary Health and Innovation Science Center (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Satoru Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Japan
| | - Xavier Rodó
- ICREA and CLIMA Program, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (-ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - So Fujiyoshi
- Section of Microbial Genomics and Ecology, Planetary Health and Innovation Science Center (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Section of Microbial Genomics and Ecology, Planetary Health and Innovation Science Center (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Japan.
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6
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Carrazana E, Ruiz-Gil T, Fujiyoshi S, Tanaka D, Noda J, Maruyama F, Jorquera MA. Potential airborne human pathogens: A relevant inhabitant in built environments but not considered in indoor air quality standards. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165879. [PMID: 37517716 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Potential airborne human pathogens (PAHPs) may be a relevant component of the air microbiome in built environments. Despite that PAHPs can cause infections, particularly in immunosuppressed patients at medical centers, they are scarcely considered in standards of indoor air quality (IAQ) worldwide. Here, we reviewed the current information on microbial aerosols (bacteria, fungal and viruses) and PAHPs in different types of built environments (e.g., medical center, industrial and non-industrial), including the main factors involved in their dispersion, the methodologies used in their study and their associated biological risks. Our analysis identified the human occupancy and ventilation systems as the primary sources of dispersal of microbial aerosols indoors. We also observed temperature and relative humidity as relevant physicochemical factors regulating the dispersion and viability of some PAHPs. Our analysis revealed that some PAHPs can survive and coexist in different environments while other PAHPs are limited or specific for an environment. In relation to the methodologies (conventional or molecular) the nature of PAHPs and sampling type are pivotal. In this context, indoors air-borne viruses are the less studies because their small size, environmental lability, and absence of efficient sampling techniques and universal molecular markers for their study. Finally, it is noteworthy that PAHPs are not commonly considered and included in IAQ standards worldwide, and when they are included, the total abundance is the single parameter considered and biological risks is excluded. Therefore, we propose a revision, design and establishment of public health policies, regulations and IAQ standards, considering the interactions of diverse factors, such as nature of PAHPs, human occupancy and type of built environments where they develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Carrazana
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Tay Ruiz-Gil
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - So Fujiyoshi
- Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan; Microbial Genomics and Ecology, PHIS, The IDEC institute, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- School of Science Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jun Noda
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan; Microbial Genomics and Ecology, PHIS, The IDEC institute, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Milko A Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan; Network for Extreme Environment Research (NEXER), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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7
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Sessitsch A, Wakelin S, Schloter M, Maguin E, Cernava T, Champomier-Verges MC, Charles TC, Cotter PD, Ferrocino I, Kriaa A, Lebre P, Cowan D, Lange L, Kiran S, Markiewicz L, Meisner A, Olivares M, Sarand I, Schelkle B, Selvin J, Smidt H, van Overbeek L, Berg G, Cocolin L, Sanz Y, Fernandes WL, Liu SJ, Ryan M, Singh B, Kostic T. Microbiome Interconnectedness throughout Environments with Major Consequences for Healthy People and a Healthy Planet. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2023; 87:e0021222. [PMID: 37367231 PMCID: PMC10521359 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00212-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiomes have highly important roles for ecosystem functioning and carry out key functions that support planetary health, including nutrient cycling, climate regulation, and water filtration. Microbiomes are also intimately associated with complex multicellular organisms such as humans, other animals, plants, and insects and perform crucial roles for the health of their hosts. Although we are starting to understand that microbiomes in different systems are interconnected, there is still a poor understanding of microbiome transfer and connectivity. In this review we show how microbiomes are connected within and transferred between different habitats and discuss the functional consequences of these connections. Microbiome transfer occurs between and within abiotic (e.g., air, soil, and water) and biotic environments, and can either be mediated through different vectors (e.g., insects or food) or direct interactions. Such transfer processes may also include the transmission of pathogens or antibiotic resistance genes. However, here, we highlight the fact that microbiome transmission can have positive effects on planetary and human health, where transmitted microorganisms potentially providing novel functions may be important for the adaptation of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Tomislav Cernava
- University of Southampton, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, APC Microbiome Ireland and VistaMilk, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Aicha Kriaa
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pedro Lebre
- University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Don Cowan
- University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Lene Lange
- LL-BioEconomy, Valby, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lidia Markiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Annelein Meisner
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Olivares
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa – Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Inga Sarand
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | | | - Hauke Smidt
- Wageningen University and Research, Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo van Overbeek
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Yolanda Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa – Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | | | - S. J. Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing, China
| | - Matthew Ryan
- Genetic Resources Collection, CABI, Egham, United Kingdom
| | - Brajesh Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tanja Kostic
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Tulln, Austria
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8
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Amin H, Šantl-Temkiv T, Cramer C, Finster K, Real FG, Gislason T, Holm M, Janson C, Jögi NO, Jogi R, Malinovschi A, Marshall IPG, Modig L, Norbäck D, Shigdel R, Sigsgaard T, Svanes C, Thorarinsdottir H, Wouters IM, Schlünssen V, Bertelsen RJ. Indoor Airborne Microbiome and Endotoxin: Meteorological Events and Occupant Characteristics Are Important Determinants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11750-11766. [PMID: 37523308 PMCID: PMC10433529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Airborne bacteria and endotoxin may affect asthma and allergies. However, there is limited understanding of the environmental determinants that influence them. This study investigated the airborne microbiomes in the homes of 1038 participants from five cities in Northern Europe: Aarhus, Bergen, Reykjavik, Tartu, and Uppsala. Airborne dust particles were sampled with electrostatic dust fall collectors (EDCs) from the participants' bedrooms. The dust washed from the EDCs' clothes was used to extract DNA and endotoxin. The DNA extracts were used for quantitative polymerase chain (qPCR) measurement and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while endotoxin was measured using the kinetic chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. The results showed that households in Tartu and Aarhus had a higher bacterial load and diversity than those in Bergen and Reykjavik, possibly due to elevated concentrations of outdoor bacterial taxa associated with low precipitation and high wind speeds. Bergen-Tartu had the highest difference (ANOSIM R = 0.203) in β diversity. Multivariate regression models showed that α diversity indices and bacterial and endotoxin loads were positively associated with the occupants' age, number of occupants, cleaning frequency, presence of dogs, and age of the house. Further studies are needed to understand how meteorological factors influence the indoor bacterial community in light of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Amin
- Department
of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Tina Šantl-Temkiv
- Section
for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christine Cramer
- Department
of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department
of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kai Finster
- Section
for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Mathias Holm
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department
of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy, Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department
of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, 751
85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils Oskar Jögi
- Department
of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rain Jogi
- Tartu
University Hospital, Lung Clinic, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department
of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, 751
85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ian P. G. Marshall
- Section
for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Modig
- Division
of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health
and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical
Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, 751
85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rajesh Shigdel
- Department
of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Department
of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland
University Hospital, 5053 Bergen, Norway
- Centre for International Health, University
of Bergen Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hulda Thorarinsdottir
- Department of Anesthesia
and Intensive Care, Landspitali University
Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Inge M. Wouters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department
of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Randi J. Bertelsen
- Department
of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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9
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Harnpicharnchai P, Pumkaeo P, Siriarchawatana P, Likhitrattanapisal S, Mayteeworakoon S, Ingsrisawang L, Boonsin W, Eurwilaichitr L, Ingsriswang S. AirDNA sampler: An efficient and simple device enabling high-yield, high-quality airborne environment DNA for metagenomic applications. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287567. [PMID: 37384659 PMCID: PMC10309600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyzing temporal and spatial distributions of airborne particles of biological origins is vital for the assessment and monitoring of air quality, especially with regard to public health, environmental ecology, and atmospheric chemistry. However, the analysis is frequently impeded by the low levels of biomass in the air, especially with metagenomic DNA analysis to explore diversity and composition of living organisms and their components in the air. To obtain sufficient amounts of metagenomic DNA from bioaerosols, researchers usually need a long sampling time with an expensive high-volume air sampler. This work shows the utilization of an air sampling device containing an economical, high-volume portable ventilation fan in combination with customized multi-sheet filter holders to effectively obtain high yields of genomic DNA in a relatively short time. The device, named 'AirDNA' sampler, performed better than other commercial air samplers, including MD8 Airport and Coriolis compact air samplers. Using the AirDNA sampler, an average DNA yield of 40.49 ng (12.47-23.24 ng at 95% CI) was obtained in only 1 hour of air sampling with a 0.85 probability of obtaining ≥10 ng of genomic DNA. The genomic DNA obtained by the AirDNA system is of suitable quantity and quality to be further used for amplicon metabarcoding sequencing of 16S, 18S, and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) regions, indicating that it can be used to detect various prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Our results showed the effectiveness of our AirDNA sampling apparatus with a simple setup and affordable devices to obtain metagenomic DNA for short-term or long-term spatiotemporal analysis. The technique is well suited for monitoring air in built environments, especially monitoring bioaerosols for health purposes and for fine-scale spatiotemporal environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanun Harnpicharnchai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Panyapon Pumkaeo
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Paopit Siriarchawatana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Somsak Likhitrattanapisal
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sermsiri Mayteeworakoon
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Lily Ingsrisawang
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worawongsin Boonsin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Lily Eurwilaichitr
- National Energy Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Ingsriswang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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10
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Chen M, Gowthaman S, Nakashima K, Takano C, Kawasaki S. Baseline investigation on soil solidification through biocementation using airborne bacteria. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1216171. [PMID: 37388775 PMCID: PMC10300444 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1216171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) through the ureolysis metabolic pathway is one of the most studied topics in biocementation due to its high efficiency. Although excellent outcomes have proved the potential of this technique, microorganisms face some obstacles when considering complicated situations in the real field, such as bacterial adaptability and survivability issues. This study made the first attempt to seek solutions to this issue from the air, exploring ureolytic airborne bacteria with resilient features to find a solution to survivability issues. Samples were collected using an air sampler in Sapporo, Hokkaido, a cold region where sampling sites were mostly covered with dense vegetation. After two rounds of screening, 12 out of 57 urease-positive isolates were identified through 16S rRNA gene analysis. Four potentially selected strains were then evaluated in terms of growth pattern and activity changes within a range of temperatures (15°C-35°C). The results from sand solidification tests using two Lederbergia strains with the best performance among the isolates showed an improvement in unconfined compressive strength up to 4-8 MPa after treatment, indicating a high MICP efficiency. Overall, this baseline study demonstrated that the air could be an ideal isolation source for ureolytic bacteria and laid a new pathway for MICP applications. More investigations on the performance of airborne bacteria under changeable environments may be required to further examine their survivability and adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Chen
- Laboratory of Biotechnology for Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sivakumar Gowthaman
- Department of Engineering Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Sri Lanka
| | - Kazunori Nakashima
- Laboratory of Biotechnology for Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chikara Takano
- Laboratory of Biotechnology for Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawasaki
- Laboratory of Biotechnology for Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Satari L, Iglesias A, Porcar M. The Microbiome of Things: Appliances, Machines, and Devices Hosting Artificial Niche-Adapted Microbial Communities. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1507. [PMID: 37375009 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As it is the case with natural substrates, artificial surfaces of man-made devices are home to a myriad of microbial species. Artificial products are not necessarily characterized by human-associated microbiomes; instead, they can present original microbial populations shaped by specific environmental-often extreme-selection pressures. This review provides a detailed insight into the microbial ecology of a range of artificial devices, machines, and appliances, which we argue are specific microbial niches that do not necessarily fit in the "build environment" microbiome definition. Instead, we propose here the Microbiome of Things (MoT) concept analogous to the Internet of Things (IoT) because we believe it may be useful to shed light on human-made, but not necessarily human-related, unexplored microbial niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Satari
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Alba Iglesias
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Manuel Porcar
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence SL., Parc Científic, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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12
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Sandri A, Tessari A, Giannetti D, Cetti A, Lleo MM, Boschi F. UV-A Radiation: Safe Human Exposure and Antibacterial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098331. [PMID: 37176038 PMCID: PMC10179708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
UV radiation is used for sterilization but has adverse health effects in humans. UV-A radiation has lower antimicrobial effect than UV-B and UV-C but constitutes a lower health risk, opening up the possibility to sanitize environments with human presence in controlled exposure conditions. We investigated this possibility by identifying safe exposure conditions to a UV-A lamp along with efficient sanitization of the environment. The human exposure limits were calculated following the guidelines provided by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection and the International Commission on Illumination. Antibacterial activity was evaluated on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The maximum human exposure duration has been identified at different irradiation distance and angle, increasing with the increase of both parameters. Bactericidal activity was observed in all microorganisms and was higher with higher exposure time and at lower distance from the source. Noteworthily, in equal conditions of radiant exposure, the exposure time impacts on the bactericidal activity more than the distance from the source. The modulation of factors such as distance from the source, exposure time and irradiation angle can enable effective antibacterial activity and human safety. Prolonged direct irradiation of the surfaces associated with indirect human exposure represents the condition of greater efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sandri
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Tessari
- FOR ALL Srl, Via 8 Marzo 10-12, Bussolengo, 37012 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Cetti
- FOR ALL Srl, Via 8 Marzo 10-12, Bussolengo, 37012 Verona, Italy
| | - Maria M Lleo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
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13
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Preliminary Study of the Bactericide Properties of Biodegradable Polymers (PLA) with Metal Additives for 3D Printing Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030297. [PMID: 36978689 PMCID: PMC10045209 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic is a highly used material in various sectors. Due to its plentiful availability in the environment, microorganism surface contamination is a risk. The aim of this work is to achieve bactericidal capacity in plastics that reduces the microorganism’s colonization risk and, consequently, reduces the chances of having an infection with E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes bacteria. Using polylactic acid (PLA) as the polymeric matrix, mixtures in concentrations of metal additive of ions of silver (Ag) R148 and S254 in 1% and 2% have been studied and manufactured. The materials are developed on an industrial scale through a process that proceeds as follows: (I) a mixture of polymer and additive in a double-screw compounder to obtain the compound in different concentrations, (II) the manufacture of filaments with a single-screw extruder, (III) 3D printing parts. Therefore, materials are evaluated in the form of powder, pellets and printed pieces to ensure their antibacterial effectiveness throughout the manufacturing process. The results of the research show antibacterial effectiveness for E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes of metal additives and polymeric compounds for all manufacturing phases on an industrial scale, with the effectiveness for additive R148 predominating at a concentration of 2%, demonstrating its microbial efficacy on surfaces with potential application in medicine.
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14
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Bai H, He LY, Gao FZ, Wu DL, Yao KS, Zhang M, Jia WL, He LX, Zou HY, Yao MS, Ying GG. Airborne antibiotic resistome and human health risk in railway stations during COVID-19 pandemic. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107784. [PMID: 36731187 PMCID: PMC9884615 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is recognized as one of the greatest public health concerns. It is becoming an increasingly threat during the COVID-19 pandemic due to increasing usage of antimicrobials, such as antibiotics and disinfectants, in healthcare facilities or public spaces. To explore the characteristics of airborne antibiotic resistome in public transport systems, we assessed distribution and health risks of airborne antibiotic resistome and microbiome in railway stations before and after the pandemic outbreak by culture-independent and culture-dependent metagenomic analysis. Results showed that the diversity of airborne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) decreased following the pandemic, while the relative abundance of core ARGs increased. A total of 159 horizontally acquired ARGs, predominantly confering resistance to macrolides and aminoglycosides, were identified in the airborne bacteria and dust samples. Meanwhile, the abundance of horizontally acquired ARGs hosted by pathogens increased during the pandemic. A bloom of clinically important antibiotic (tigecycline and meropenem) resistant bacteria was found following the pandemic outbreak. 251 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered from 27 metagenomes, and 86 genera and 125 species were classified. Relative abundance of ARG-carrying MAGs, taxonomically assigned to genus of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus, was found increased during the pandemic. Bayesian source tracking estimated that human skin and anthropogenic activities were presumptive resistome sources for the public transit air. Moreover, risk assessment based on resistome and microbiome data revealed elevated airborne health risks during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Bai
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liang-Ying He
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fang-Zhou Gao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dai-Ling Wu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kai-Sheng Yao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Min Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei-Li Jia
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lu-Xi He
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zou
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Yao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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15
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Kirkegaard AM, Kloster S, Davidsen M, Christensen AI, Vestbo J, Nielsen NS, Ersbøll AK, Gunnarsen L. The Association between Perceived Annoyances in the Indoor Home Environment and Respiratory Infections: A Danish Cohort Study with up to 19 Years of Follow-Up. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1911. [PMID: 36767277 PMCID: PMC9915003 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of reported annoyances in the indoor environment threatens public health. This study aimed to investigate the association between perceived annoyances from the home environment and respiratory infections among individuals with and without asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 16,688 individuals from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey initiated in 2000 were grouped according to their patterns of perceived annoyances. Information on respiratory infections (all causes, bacterial, viral, and those leading to hospital admissions) was obtained from Danish registers up to 19 years after the survey. Poisson regression of incidence rates (IRs) was applied to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Annoyances significantly increased the IR for respiratory infections of all causes and bacterial respiratory infections in individuals without asthma or COPD, adjusted IRR 1.16 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.34) and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.31), respectively. However, no difference was observed for viral respiratory infections nor hospital admissions. Individuals with asthma or COPD and a high level of annoyances had a non-significantly increased IR in all four analyses of respiratory infections. These findings provide support for perceived annoyances as an important risk factor for respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Kirkegaard
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Kloster
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Davidsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Illemann Christensen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9 PL, UK
| | - Niss Skov Nielsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Kjær Ersbøll
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestraede 6, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Gunnarsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Tozzo P, Delicati A, Caenazzo L. Human microbiome and microbiota identification for preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections: A systematic review. Front Public Health 2022; 10:989496. [PMID: 36530685 PMCID: PMC9754121 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.989496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review describes the role of the human microbiome and microbiota in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Studies on the microbiota of patients, healthcare environment (HE), medical equipment, or healthcare workers (HCW) and how it could be transmitted among the different subjects will be described in order to define alarming risk factors for HAIs spreading and to identify strategies for HAIs control or prevention. Methods This review was performed in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After retrieval in databases, identification, and screening of available records, 36 published studies were considered eligible and included in the review. Results A multifaceted approach is required and the analyses of the many factors related to human microbiota, which can influence HAIs onset, could be of paramount importance in their prevention and control. In this review, we will focus mainly on the localization, transmission, and prevention of ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) bacteria and Clostridium difficile which are the most common pathogens causing HAIs. Conclusions Healthcare workers' microbiota, patient's microbiota, environmental and medical equipment microbiota, ecosystem characteristics, ways of transmission, cleaning strategies, and the microbial resistome should be taken into account for future studies on more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies against HAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Tozzo
- Legal Medicine Unit, Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,*Correspondence: Pamela Tozzo
| | - Arianna Delicati
- Legal Medicine Unit, Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luciana Caenazzo
- Legal Medicine Unit, Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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17
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Perera IU, Fujiyoshi S, Nishiuchi Y, Nakai T, Maruyama F. Zooplankton act as cruise ships promoting the survival and pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Microbiol Immunol 2022; 66:564-578. [PMID: 36128640 PMCID: PMC10091822 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria in general interact with zooplankton in aquatic ecosystems. These zooplankton-bacterial interactions help to shape the bacterial community by regulating bacterial abundances. Such interactions are even more significant and crucially in need of investigation in the case of pathogenic bacteria, which cause severe diseases in humans and animals. Among the many associations between a host metazoan and pathogenic bacteria, zooplankton provide nutrition and protection from stressful conditions, promote the horizontal transfer of virulence genes, and act as a mode of pathogen transport. These interactions allow the pathogen to survive and proliferate in aquatic environments and to endure water treatment processes, thereby creating a potential risk to human health. This review highlights current knowledge on the contributions of zooplankton to the survival and pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. We also discuss the need to consider these interactions as a risk factor in water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara U Perera
- Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - So Fujiyoshi
- Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishiuchi
- Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nakai
- Takehara Marine Science Station, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, Takehara City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
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18
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Regan DP, Fong C, Bond ACS, Desjardins C, Hardcastle J, Hung SH, Holmes AP, Schiffman JD, Maginnis MS, Howell C. Improved Recovery of Captured Airborne Bacteria and Viruses with Liquid-Coated Air Filters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50543-50556. [PMID: 36331290 PMCID: PMC10028737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the importance of the detection of airborne pathogens. Here, we present composite air filters featuring a bioinspired liquid coating that facilitates the removal of captured aerosolized bacteria and viruses for further analysis. We tested three types of air filters: commercial polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is well known for creating stable liquid coatings, commercial high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, which are widely used, and in-house-manufactured cellulose nanofiber mats (CNFMs), which are made from sustainable materials. All filters were coated with omniphobic fluorinated liquid to maximize the release of pathogens. We found that coating both the PTFE and HEPA filters with liquid improved the rate at which Escherichia coli was recovered using a physical removal process compared to uncoated controls. Notably, the coated HEPA filters also increased the total number of recovered cells by 57%. Coating the CNFM filters did not improve either the rate of release or the total number of captured cells. The most promising materials, the liquid-coated HEPA, filters were then evaluated for their ability to facilitate the removal of pathogenic viruses via a chemical removal process. Recovery of infectious JC polyomavirus, a nonenveloped virus that attacks the central nervous system, was increased by 92% over uncoated controls; however, there was no significant difference in the total amount of genomic material recovered compared to that of controls. In contrast, significantly more genomic material was recovered for SARS-CoV-2, the airborne, enveloped virus, which causes COVID-19, from liquid-coated filters. Although the amount of infectious SARS-CoV-2 recovered was 58% higher, these results were not significantly different from uncoated filters due to high variability. These results suggest that the efficient recovery of airborne pathogens from liquid-coated filters could improve air sampling efforts, enhancing biosurveillance and global pathogen early warning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Regan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, 5737 Jenness Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 42 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - ChunKi Fong
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 42 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Avery C S Bond
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, 320 Hitchner Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Claudia Desjardins
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, 320 Hitchner Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Justin Hardcastle
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 42 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Shao-Hsiang Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts01003-9303, United States
| | - Andrew P Holmes
- Cooperative Extension, University of Maine, 17 Godfrey Drive, Orono, Maine04473, United States
| | - Jessica D Schiffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts01003-9303, United States
| | - Melissa S Maginnis
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 42 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, 320 Hitchner Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
| | - Caitlin Howell
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, 5737 Jenness Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, 42 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine04469, United States
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Li Z, Zheng N, An Q, Li X, Sun S, Zhang W, Ji Y, Wang S, Li P. Impact of environmental factors and bacterial interactions on dust mite allergens in different indoor dust. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157177. [PMID: 35803427 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Indoor dust is the main carrier of indoor pollutants, especially dust mite allergens and bacteria, they can trigger asthma, rhinitis, eczema and other allergic diseases. However, the interactions between dust mite allergens and bacterial communities in different types of indoor dust are not clear. The study focused on particulate and flocculent fibrous dust, explored the concentrations of Der p 1 (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) and Der f 1 (D. farinae) in 46 households in Changchun and their environmental influences, characterized the bacterial communities by high-throughput sequencing, and the interactions between Der p 1, Der f 1 and bacterial communities were explored. The results showed that Der p 1 and Der f 1 tended to accumulate more in flocculent fibrous dust, and Der p 1 predominated in the indoor dust samples. The floor height, years of housing occupancy and the living areas all affected the concentrations of dust mite allergens. In bacterial community, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were leading phyla in the two types of dust. Kocuria, Blastococcus and Massilia were dominating genera in particulate dust and Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Corynebacterium_1 were dominating genera in flocculent fibrous dust. The overall diversity and species richness of bacteria in particulate dust were significantly higher than those in flocculent dust (p < 0.001). The living area was an important environmental factor affecting the bacterial community in flocculent fibrous dust (p < 0.01). The interaction between the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and dust mite allergen concentrations significantly differed between the two dust types, indicating that bacteria could be used both as food and to establish symbiotic relationships with household dust mites (HDMs) hosts and provide nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Na Zheng
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Qirui An
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yining Ji
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Sujing Wang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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Abstract
Transmission of bacterial endospores between the environment and people and the following germination in vivo play critical roles in both the deadly infections of some bacterial pathogens and the stabilization of the commensal microbiotas in humans. Our knowledge about the germination process of different bacteria in the mammalian gut, however, is still very limited due to the lack of suitable tools to visually monitor this process. We proposed a two-step labeling strategy that can image and quantify the endospores' germination in the recipient's intestines. Endospores collected from donor's gut microbiota were first labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and transplanted to mice via gavage. The recipient mice were then administered with Cyanine5-tagged D-amino acid to label all the viable bacteria, including the germinated endospores, in their intestines in situ. The germinated donor endospores could be distinguished by presenting two types of fluorescent signals simultaneously. The integrative use of cell-sorting, 16S rDNA sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) staining of the two-colored bacteria unveiled the taxonomic information of the donor endospores that germinated in the recipient's gut. Using this strategy, we investigated effects of different germinants and pre-treatment interventions on their germination, and found that germination of different commensal bacterial genera was distinctly affected by various types of germinants. This two-color labeling strategy shows its potential as a versatile tool for visually monitoring endospore germination in the hosts and screening for new interventions to improve endospore-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyuan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Du
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huibin Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Song
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,CONTACT Chaoyong Yang
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Wei Wang Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200127, China
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21
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Skin Microbial Changes during Space Flights: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101498. [PMID: 36294933 PMCID: PMC9604750 DOI: 10.3390/life12101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Sixty years after the launch of the first human into space, different studies on the physiological changes that humans undergo during dynamic flight phases and prolonged weightlessness have been undertaken. Understanding these changes is important for the creation of the preventative measures that are essential to ensuring astronaut health. Among these changes, those of the skin are frequent, despite being rarely treated during missions. The skin is a physical barrier that protects the body from pathogen invasion and environmental changes, and it harbors diverse microbial communities that form the skin microbiota. Methods. A systematic literature review of skin microbiome changes during space flight was conducted using public electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus) selecting studies published from 2015 to 2022. The systematic review was performed according to 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Results. A total of 17 studies were collected and, after screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight studies were included in this review. According to the examined literature, some skin microbiota changes seems to be only temporary, in particular Gamma- and Betaproteobacteria abundance tends to decrease, while the occurrence of the Malassezia species and Firmicutes, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, tends to increase. At the same time, there seems to be an exchange of microorganisms between astronauts and between the confined environment and a single astronaut, with alterations in the proportion of microorganisms maintained during the flight, in particular for species such as Corynebacterium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Cloacibacterium spp. Given that skin contributes both to protecting the body from pathogen invasion and environmental changes and to maintaining human homeostasis, changes in the skin microbiota of astronauts might result in skin diseases. Discussion. The skin microbiota of astronauts seems to influence the microbial composition of the International Space Station, but further studies should be performed to better understand skin microbiota dynamics and to prevent the development of dermatologic conditions during space flight.
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Ahmednur M, Awel H, Haile G. Microbial Indoor Air Quality and Associated Factors in Jimma Town Prison Administration, Southwestern Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221118842. [PMID: 36003416 PMCID: PMC9393662 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221118842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Indoor air quality determines the well-being of occupants. It has been linked to sick building syndrome and building-related diseases which lead to many socio-economic problems including reduced productivity and impaired learning. Indoor air quality problem is more serious for prisoners, due to their confinement and exposure condition. However, it has not been studied in our study setting. Thus, this study aimed to determine the indoor air microbial quality and associated factors in Jimma town prison administration, Southwestern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study design was employed in August 2021. Data on the general condition of the prison rooms and occupancy were collected by trained data collectors using an observational checklist. The microbial sample was collected using a sterilized Petri dish. A total of 19 triplicate air samples were collected using Mannitol salt agar and Sabouroad dextrose agar media for the growth of S. aureus and fungi respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and presented using tables and a graph. The effect of predictor variables on the microbial load was also analyzed by using linear regression. The finding of this study revealed that the microbial load of indoor air at Jimma town prison administration ranged from 891 to 15 439 and 315 to 3067 CFU/m³ for S. aureus and fungi respectively. Both S. aureus and the fungal load of the indoor environment were positively affected by the temperature of the room. Whereas, the floor space per inmate affects the concentration of S. aureus alone. Almost all rooms of the prison administration had microbial load beyond the acceptable limit. Higher temperature, less floor space per inmate, bad floor cleanness conditions, inadequate ventilation, and dampness were contributing factors to the high load of S. aureus and fungus. Thus, additional rooms are required to reduce overcrowding and keep room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Ahmednur
- Mahmud Ahmednur, Department of
Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma
University, P. O. Box: 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
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23
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Zhang L, Guo Y, Chang X, Yao Z, Wei X, Feng Z, Zhang D, Zhou Q, Wang X, Luo H. In-duct grating-like dielectric barrier discharge system for air disinfection. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129075. [PMID: 35650753 PMCID: PMC9072810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the context of spreading Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the combination of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system with air disinfection device is an effective way to reduce transmissible infections. Atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasma is an emerging technique for fast pathogen aerosol abatement. In this work, in-duct disinfectors based on grating-like dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas with varied electrode arrangements were established and evaluated. The highest airborne bacterial inactivation efficiency was achieved by 'vertical' structure, namely when aerosol was in direct contact with the discharge region, at a given discharge power. For all reactors, the efficiency was linearly correlated to the discharge power (R2 =0.929-0.994). The effects of environmental factors were examined. Decreased airflow rates boosted the efficiency, which reached 99.8% at the velocity of 0.5 m/s with an aerosol residence time of ~3.6 ms. Increasing humidity (relative humidity (RH)=20-60%) contributed to inactivation efficacy, while high humidity (RH=70%-90%) led to a saturated efficiency, possibly due to the disruption of discharge uniformity. As suggested by the plasma effluent treatment and scavenger experiments, gaseous short-lived chemical species or charged particles were concluded as the major agents accounting for bacterial inactivation. This research provides new hints for air disinfection by DBD plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntao Guo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuanyu Chang
- Marine Design and Research Institute of China (MARIC), Shanghai, China
| | - Zenghui Yao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wei
- Marine Design and Research Institute of China (MARIC), Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Feng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongheyu Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyun Luo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Analysis of Ventilation Efficiency as Simultaneous Control of Radon and Carbon Dioxide Levels in Indoor Air Applying Transient Modelling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042125. [PMID: 35206313 PMCID: PMC8871573 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The impact of ventilation efficiency on radon (222Rn) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the indoor air of a residential building was studied by applying transient data analysis within the CONTAM 3.4 program. Continuous measurements of 222Rn and CO2 concentrations, together with basic meteorological parameters, were carried out in an apartment (floor area about 27 m2) located in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Throughout the experiment (October 3–15), frequent ventilation (several times per day), poor ventilation (once to twice per day) and no ventilation scenarios were applied, and the exact ventilation and occupancy schedule were recorded. Based on the measurements, a transient simulation of 222Rn and CO2 concentrations was performed for six sets of scenarios, where the design ventilation rate (DVR) varied based on the ventilation requirements and recommendations. On the days of frequent ventilation, a moderate correlation between the measured and simulated concentrations (r = 0.62 for 222Rn, r = 0.55 for CO2) was found. The results of the simulation indicated the following optimal DVRs: (i) 36.6 m3 h−1 (0.5 air changes per hour, ACH) to ensure a CO2 concentration below 1000 ppm and a 222Rn concentration below 100 Bq m−3; and (ii) 46.9 m3 h−1 (0.7 ACH) to ensure a CO2 concentration below 800 ppm. These levels are the most compatible with the 5C_Cat I (category I of indoor environmental quality, defined by EN 16798-1:2019) scenario, which resulted in concentrations of 656 ± 121 ppm for CO2 and 57 ± 13 Bq m−3 for 222Rn. The approach presented is applicable to various types of residential buildings with high overcrowding rates, where a sufficient amount of air volume to achieve category I indoor environmental quality has to be provided. Lower CO2 and 222Rn concentrations indoors minimise health risk, which is especially important for protecting sensitive and fragile occupants.
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25
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Comparison of Bacterial Community Structure in PM2.5 within Broiler Houses under Different Rearing Systems in China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: In intensive poultry farming, high concentrations of indoor particulate matter (PM) impact production performance and welfare. In this study, PM2.5 level and bacterial community diversity were investigated in a multilayer cage house rearing system (CH) and a net flooring house rearing system (FH) during different growth stages to clarify the effects of the rearing systems on the diversity of airborne bacteria and help improve health management. Methods: The IC and high-throughput sequencing were used for ion composition and bacterial diversity analysis of PM2.5 collected from CH and FH. Results: The concentrations of NH3, CO2 and PM2.5 in CH were significantly lower than FH (p < 0.001) in both middle and late rearing stages. PM concentrations gradually increased with broiler growth only in FH. The water-soluble ions of PM2.5 samples had no significant difference between the two systems (p > 0.05). Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla in both the atmosphere and the broiler houses, but the composition was significantly different. The bacterial community in the broiler houses had strong correlations with temperature, humidity and PM of extremely high concentrations. Ions had stronger correlations with microbial community structure. Conclusions: The superiority of CH in environmental control over FH indicates that improved techniques in environmental control and breeding management can greatly reduce farming air pollution and improve the health management of broiler houses.
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Indoor Air Quality in Healthcare Units—A Systematic Literature Review Focusing Recent Research. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14020967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The adequate assessment and management of indoor air quality in healthcare facilities is of utmost importance for patient safety and occupational health purposes. This study aims to identify the recent trends of research on the topic through a systematic literature review following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology. A total of 171 articles published in the period 2015–2020 were selected and analyzed. Results show that there is a worldwide growing research interest in this subject, dispersed in a wide variety of scientific journals. A textometric analysis using the IRaMuTeQ software revealed four clusters of topics in the sampled articles: physicochemical pollutants, design and management of infrastructures, environmental control measures, and microbiological contamination. The studies focus mainly on hospital facilities, but there is also research interest in primary care centers and dental clinics. The majority of the analyzed articles (85%) report experimental data, with the most frequently measured parameters being related to environmental quality (temperature and relative humidity), microbiological load, CO2 and particulate matter. Non-compliance with the WHO guidelines for indoor air quality is frequently reported. This study provides an overview of the recent literature on this topic, identifying promising lines of research to improve indoor air quality in healthcare facilities.
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Wu Z, Lyu H, Ma X, Ren G, Song J, Jing X, Liu Y. Comparative effects of environmental factors on bacterial communities in two types of indoor dust: Potential risks to university students. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111869. [PMID: 34411549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
University students are constantly exposed to potential bacterial pathogens and environmental pollutants in indoor environment because they spend most of their time indoors. University dormitory and printing shop are two typical indoor environments frequented by university students. However, little is known about the characteristics of bacterial community as well as the effect of indoor environmental factors on them. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to reveal the bacterial community in indoor dust, electronic devices were recorded during dust sampling, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were leading phyla, and Acinetobacter, Paracoccus and Kocuria were dominating genera. The predominant genera showed Acinetobacter > Paracoccus > unidentified Corynebacteriaceae in indoor dusts from university dormitories, whereas Paracoccus > unidentified Cyanobacteria > Acinetobacter in printing shops. The occurrence of Acinetobacter, Kocuria, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus suggested the health risks of potential pathogenic bacteria to university students. Significant differences of microbial composition and diversity were proved between university dormitories and printing shops. Chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were dominant bacterial functions, and the seven primary bacterial functions displayed university dormitory > printing shop. BDE 138 and BDE 66 were main environmental parameters affecting the indoor dust bacterial community in university dormitory, while printer and BDE 47 played dominating role in shaping microorganism in printing shop. The complex biotic (potential bacterial pathogens) and abiotic factors (electronic equipment and chemical pollutants) in indoor dusts may pose potential health risks to university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhineng Wu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Gengbo Ren
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Jie Song
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xiaohua Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Henan Province, 455002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Colston JM, Zaitchik BF, Badr HS, Burnett E, Ali SA, Rayamajhi A, Satter SM, Eibach D, Krumkamp R, May J, Chilengi R, Howard LM, Sow SO, Jahangir Hossain M, Saha D, Imran Nisar M, Zaidi AKM, Kanungo S, Mandomando I, Faruque ASG, Kotloff KL, Levine MM, Breiman RF, Omore R, Page N, Platts‐Mills JA, Ashorn U, Fan Y, Shrestha PS, Ahmed T, Mduma E, Yori PP, Bhutta Z, Bessong P, Olortegui MP, Lima AAM, Kang G, Humphrey J, Prendergast AJ, Ntozini R, Okada K, Wongboot W, Gaensbauer J, Melgar MT, Pelkonen T, Freitas CM, Kosek MN. Associations Between Eight Earth Observation-Derived Climate Variables and Enteropathogen Infection: An Independent Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Surveillance Studies With Broad Spectrum Nucleic Acid Diagnostics. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000452. [PMID: 35024531 PMCID: PMC8729196 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen-specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed enteropathogens in 64,788 stool samples from 20,760 children in 19 countries were combined. Infection status for 10 common enteropathogens-adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, Campylobacter, ETEC, Shigella, Cryptosporidium and Giardia-was matched by date with hydrometeorological variables from a global Earth observation dataset-precipitation and runoff volume, humidity, soil moisture, solar radiation, air pressure, temperature, and wind speed. Models were fitted for each pathogen, accounting for lags, nonlinearity, confounders, and threshold effects. Different variables showed complex, non-linear associations with infection risk varying in magnitude and direction depending on pathogen species. Rotavirus infection decreased markedly following increasing 7-day average temperatures-a relative risk of 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.69-0.85) above 28°C-while ETEC risk increased by almost half, 1.43 (1.36-1.50), in the 20-35°C range. Risk for all pathogens was highest following soil moistures in the upper range. Humidity was associated with increases in bacterial infections and decreases in most viral infections. Several virus species' risk increased following lower-than-average rainfall, while rotavirus and ETEC increased with heavier runoff. Temperature, soil moisture, and humidity are particularly influential parameters across all enteropathogens, likely impacting pathogen survival outside the host. Precipitation and runoff have divergent associations with different enteric viruses. These effects may engender shifts in the relative burden of diarrhea-causing agents as the global climate changes.
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Noda J, Tomizawa S, Takahashi K, Morimoto K, Mitarai S. Air pollution and airborne infection with mycobacterial bioaerosols: a potential attribution of soot. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : IJEST 2022; 19:717-726. [PMID: 33643419 PMCID: PMC7897364 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-021-03203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollutants are hypothesized to enhance the viability of airborne microbes by preventing them from degradation processes, thereby enhancing their atmospheric survival. In this study, Mycobacterium smegmatis is used as a model airborne bacteria, and different amounts of soot particles are employed as model air pollutants. The toxic effects of soot on aerosolized M. smegmatis are first evaluated and excluded by introducing them separately into a chamber, being sampled on a filter, and then cultured and counted. Secondly, the bacteria-soot mixture is exposed to UV with different durations and then cultured for bacterial viability evaluations. The results show that under UV exposure, the survival rates of the low-, medium-, and high-soot groups are 1.1 (±0.8) %, 70.9 (±4.3) %, and 61.0 (±17.6) %, respectively. This evidence significantly enhanced survival rates by soot at all UV exposures, though the combinations of UV exposure and soot amounts revealed a changing pattern of survival rates. The possible influence by direct and indirect effects of UV-damaging mechanisms is proposed. This study indicates the soot-induced survival rate enhancements of M. smegmatis under UV stress conditions, representing the possible relations between air pollution and the extended pathogenic viability and, therefore, increased airborne infection probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Noda
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido Japan
| | - S. Tomizawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido Japan
| | - K. Takahashi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido Japan
| | - K. Morimoto
- Division of Clinical Research, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Mitarai
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, Research Institute of Tuberculosis Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan
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Unglaube F, Lammers A, Kreyenschulte CR, Lalk M, Mejía E. Preparation, Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of Nanosized Silver-Containing Carbon/Silica Composites from Rice Husk Waste. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:1244-1250. [PMID: 34904386 PMCID: PMC8668417 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice husk, one of the main side products in the rice production, and its sustainable management represent a challenge in many countries. Herein, we describe the use of this abundant agricultural bio-waste as feedstock for the preparation of silver-containing carbon/silica nano composites with antimicrobial properties. The synthesis was performed using a fast and cheap methodology consisting of wet impregnation followed by pyrolysis, yielding C/SiO2 composite materials doped with varying amounts of silver from 28 to 0.001 wt %. The materials were fully characterized and their antimicrobial activity against ESKAPE pathogens, namely E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli, and the pathogenic yeast C. albicans was investigated. Sensitivities of these strains against the prepared materials were demonstrated, even with exceptional low amounts of 0.015 m% silver. Hence, we report a straightforward method for the synthesis of antimicrobial agents from abundant sources which addresses urgent questions like bio-waste valorization and affordable alternatives to increasingly fewer effective antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Unglaube
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT)18059RostockGermany
| | | | | | - Michael Lalk
- Institut für BiochemieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
| | - Esteban Mejía
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT)18059RostockGermany
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31
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Moon J, Ryu BH. Transmission risks of respiratory infectious diseases in various confined spaces: A meta-analysis for future pandemics. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111679. [PMID: 34265349 PMCID: PMC8566017 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND If the different transmission risks of respiratory infectious diseases according to the type of confined space and associated factors could be discovered, this kind of information will be an important basis for devising future quarantine policies. However, no comprehensive systematic review or meta-analysis for this topic exists. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to analyze different transmission risks of respiratory infectious diseases according to the type of confined space. This information will be an important basis for devising future quarantine policies. METHODS A medical librarian searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (until December 01, 2020). RESULTS A total of 147 articles were included. The risk of transmission in all types of confined spaces was approximately 3 times higher than in open space (combined RR, 2.95 (95% CI 2.62-3.33)). Among them, school or workplace showed the highest transmission risk (combined RR, 3.94 (95% CI 3.16-4.90)). Notably, in the sub-analysis for SARS-CoV-2, residential space and airplane were the riskiest space (combined RR, 8.30 (95% CI 3.30-20.90) and 7.30 (95% CI 1.15-46.20), respectively). DISCUSSION Based on the equation of the total number of contacts, the order of transmission according to the type of confined space was calculated. The calculated order was similar to the observed order in this study. The transmission risks in confined spaces can be lowered by reducing each component of the aforementioned equation. However, as seen in the data for SARS-CoV-2, the closure of one type of confined space could increase the population density in another confined space. The authority of infection control should consider this paradox. Appropriate quarantine measures targeted for specific types of confined spaces with a higher risk of transmission, school or workplace for general pathogens, and residential space/airplane for SARS-CoV-2 can reduce the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Moon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-Han Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, 11, Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51472, Republic of Korea.
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Guo J, Xiong Y, Kang T, Zhu H, Yang Q, Qin C. Effect of formaldehyde exposure on bacterial communities in simulating indoor environments. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20575. [PMID: 34663860 PMCID: PMC8523742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoor formaldehyde (CH2O) exceeding the recommended level is a severe threat to human health. Few studies have investigated its effect on indoor surface bacterial communities, affecting habitants' health. This study used 20-L glass containers to mimic the indoor environment with bacterial inputs from human oral respiration. The behavior of bacterial communities responding to CH2O varied among the different CH2O levels. The bacterial community structure significantly changed over time in the 0.054 mg·m-3 CH2O group, which varied from the 0.1 mg·m-3 and 0.25 mg·m-3 CH2O groups. The Chao1 and Shannon index significantly increased in the 0.054 mg·m-3 CH2O group at 6 week, while they remained unchanged in the 0.25 mg·m-3 CH2O group. At 12 week, the Chao1 significantly increased in the 0.25 mg·m-3 CH2O group, while it remained unchanged in the 0.054 mg·m-3 CH2O group. Only a few Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) significantly correlated with the CH2O concentration. CH2O-induced OTUs mainly belong to the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Furthermore, bacterial communities formed at 6 or 12 weeks differed significantly among different CH2O levels. Functional analysis of bacterial communities showed that inferred genes related to chemical degradation and diseases were the highest in the 0.25 mg·m-3 CH2O group at 12 weeks. The development of nematodes fed with bacteria collected at 12 weeks was applied to evaluate the bacterial community's hazards. This showed significantly impaired growth in the 0.1 mg·m-3 and 0.25 mg·m-3 CH2O groups. These findings confirmed that CH2O concentration and exposure time could affect the indoor bacterial community and formed bacterial communities with a possibly more significant hazard to human health after long-term exposure to high CH2O levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Pan Jia Yuan Nan Li No. 5, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Taisheng Kang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Pan Jia Yuan Nan Li No. 5, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Pan Jia Yuan Nan Li No. 5, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qiwen Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC, Pan Jia Yuan Nan Li No. 5, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100021, China. .,Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Indoor Air Quality in Healthcare and Care Facilities: Chemical Pollutants and Microbiological Contaminants. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The indoor air quality of healthcare and care facilities is poorly studied. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the chemical pollution and the microbiological contaminations of the indoor environment of these facilities. Methods: A wide range of chemical compounds (39 volatile and 13 semi-volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, fine particulate matter) and microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) were studied. Sampling campaigns were conducted in two French cities in summer 2018 and winter 2019 in six private healthcare facilities (general practitioner’s offices, dental offices, pharmacies) and four care facilities (nursing homes). Results: The highest median concentrations of chemical compounds (μg/m3) were measured for alcohols (ethanol: 378.9 and isopropanol: 23.6), ketones (acetone: 18.8), aldehydes (formaldehyde: 11.4 and acetaldehyde: 6.5) and terpenes (limonene: 4.3). The median concentration of PM2.5 was 9.0 µg/m3. The main bacteria of these indoor environments were Staphylococcus, Micrococcus and Bacillus genera, with median bacterial concentrations in the indoor air of 14 cfu/m3. The two major fungal genera were Cladosporium and Penicillium, with median fungal concentrations of 7 cfu/m3. Conclusions: Indoor air in healthcare and care facilities contains a complex mixture of many pollutants found in higher concentrations compared to the indoor air in French hospitals in a previous study.
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Population informative markers selected using Wright's fixation index and machine learning improves human identification using the skin microbiome. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0120821. [PMID: 34379455 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01208-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial DNA, shed from human skin, can be distinctive to its host and thus help individualize donors of forensic biological evidence. Previous studies have utilized single locus microbial DNA markers (e.g., 16S rRNA) to assess the presence/absence of personal microbiota to profile human hosts. However, since the taxonomic composition of the microbiome is in constant fluctuation, this approach may not be sufficiently robust for human identification (HID). Multi-marker approaches may be more powerful. Additionally, genetic differentiation, rather than taxonomic distinction, may be more individualizing. To this end, the non-dominant hands of 51 individuals were sampled in triplicate (n = 153). They were analyzed for markers in the hidSkinPlex, a multiplex panel comprising candidate markers for skin microbiome profiling. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the highest Wright's fixation index (FST) estimates were then selected for predicting donor identity using a support vector machine (SVM) learning model. FST is an estimate of the genetic differences within and between populations. Three different SNP selection criteria were employed: SNPs with the highest-ranking FST estimates 1) common between any two samples regardless of markers present (termed overall); 2) each marker common between samples (termed per marker); and 3) common to all samples used to train the SVM algorithm for HID (termed selected). The SNPs chosen based on criteria for overall, per marker, and selected methods resulted in an accuracy of 92.00%, 94.77%, and 88.00%, respectively. The results support that estimates of FST, combined with SVM, can notably improve forensic HID via skin microbiome profiling. IMPORTANCE There is a need for additional genetic information to help identify the source of biological evidence found at a crime scene. The human skin microbiome is a potentially abundant source of DNA that can enable the identification of a donor of biological evidence. With microbial profiling for human identification, there will be an additional source of DNA to identify individuals as well as to exclude individuals wrongly associated with biological evidence, thereby improving the utility of forensic DNA profiling to support criminal investigations.
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Zizovic I, Trusek A, Tyrka M, Moric I, Senerovic L. Functionalization of polyamide microfiltration membranes by supercritical solvent impregnation. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kanatani JI, Watahiki M, Kimata K, Kato T, Uchida K, Kura F, Amemura-Maekawa J, Isobe J. Detection of Legionella species, the influence of precipitation on the amount of Legionella DNA, and bacterial microbiome in aerosols from outdoor sites near asphalt roads in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:215. [PMID: 34273946 PMCID: PMC8285874 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02275-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Legionellosis is caused by the inhalation of aerosolized water contaminated with Legionella bacteria. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of Legionella species in aerosols collected from outdoor sites near asphalt roads, bathrooms in public bath facilities, and other indoor sites, such as buildings and private homes, using amoebic co-culture, quantitative PCR, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results Legionella species were not detected by amoebic co-culture. However, Legionella DNA was detected in 114/151 (75.5%) air samples collected near roads (geometric mean ± standard deviation: 1.80 ± 0.52 log10 copies/m3), which was comparable to the numbers collected from bathrooms [15/21 (71.4%), 1.82 ± 0.50] but higher than those collected from other indoor sites [11/30 (36.7%), 0.88 ± 0.56] (P < 0.05). The amount of Legionella DNA was correlated with the monthly total precipitation (r = 0.56, P < 0.01). It was also directly and inversely correlated with the daily total precipitation for seven days (r = 0.21, P = 0.01) and one day (r = − 0.29, P < 0.01) before the sampling day, respectively. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that Legionella species were detected in 9/30 samples collected near roads (mean proportion of reads, 0.11%). At the species level, L. pneumophila was detected in 2/30 samples collected near roads (the proportion of reads, 0.09 and 0.11% of the total reads number in each positive sample). The three most abundant bacterial genera in the samples collected near roads were Sphingomonas, Streptococcus, and Methylobacterium (mean proportion of reads; 21.1%, 14.6%, and 1.6%, respectively). In addition, the bacterial diversity in outdoor environment was comparable to that in indoor environment which contains aerosol-generating features and higher than that in indoor environment without the features. Conclusions DNA from Legionella species was widely present in aerosols collected from outdoor sites near asphalt roads, especially during the rainy season. Our findings suggest that there may be a risk of exposure to Legionella species not only in bathrooms but also in the areas surrounding asphalt roads. Therefore, the possibility of contracting legionellosis in daily life should be considered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02275-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Kanatani
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, 939-0363, Imizu-city, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Masanori Watahiki
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, 939-0363, Imizu-city, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keiko Kimata
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, 939-0363, Imizu-city, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, 939-0363, Imizu-city, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchida
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, 939-0363, Imizu-city, Toyama, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kura
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8640, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Amemura-Maekawa
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8640, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Isobe
- Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, 939-0363, Imizu-city, Toyama, Japan
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Mori S, Ishiguro S, Miyazaki S, Okubo T, Omori R, Kai A, Sugiyama K, Kawashiro A, Sumi M, Thapa J, Nakamura S, Katoh C, Yamaguchi H. Usefulness of a 3D-printing air sampler for capturing live airborne bacteria and exploring the environmental factors that can influence bacterial dynamics. Res Microbiol 2021; 172:103864. [PMID: 34273486 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2021.103864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We created a handmade 3D-printed air sampler to effectively collect live airborne bacteria, and determined which environmental factors influenced the bacteria. Bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in the air samples (n=37) were monitored by recording the environmental changes occurring over time, then determining the presence/absence of correlations among such changes. The bacterial CFUs changed sharply and were significantly correlated with the DNA concentrations, indicating that the captured bacteria made up most of the airborne bacteria. Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between the bacterial CFU values and some environmental factors (humidity, wind speed, insolation, and 24-h rainfall). Similarly the significant associations of CFU with humidity and wind speed were also found by multiple regression analysis with box-cox transformation. Among our panel of airborne bacteria (952 strains), 70 strains were identified as soil-derived Bacillus via the production of Escherichia coli- and Staphylococcus aureus-growth inhibiting antibiotics and by 16S rDNA typing. Soil-derived protozoa were also isolated from the air samples. We conclude that the airborne bacteria mainly derived from soil can alter in number according to environmental changes. Our sampler, which was created by easy-to-customize 3D printing, is a useful device for understanding the dynamics of live airborne bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saaya Mori
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Sakura Ishiguro
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Satoru Miyazaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Torahiko Okubo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Ryosuke Omori
- Division of Bioresources Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Ayako Kai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Kyohei Sugiyama
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Airi Kawashiro
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Masato Sumi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Jeewan Thapa
- Division of Bioresources Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.
| | - Shinji Nakamura
- Division of Biomedical Imaging Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Chietsugu Katoh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
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Leung MHY, Tong X, Bøifot KO, Bezdan D, Butler DJ, Danko DC, Gohli J, Green DC, Hernandez MT, Kelly FJ, Levy S, Mason-Buck G, Nieto-Caballero M, Syndercombe-Court D, Udekwu K, Young BG, Mason CE, Dybwad M, Lee PKH. Characterization of the public transit air microbiome and resistome reveals geographical specificity. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:112. [PMID: 34039416 PMCID: PMC8157753 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The public transit is a built environment with high occupant density across the globe, and identifying factors shaping public transit air microbiomes will help design strategies to minimize the transmission of pathogens. However, the majority of microbiome works dedicated to the public transit air are limited to amplicon sequencing, and our knowledge regarding the functional potentials and the repertoire of resistance genes (i.e. resistome) is limited. Furthermore, current air microbiome investigations on public transit systems are focused on single cities, and a multi-city assessment of the public transit air microbiome will allow a greater understanding of whether and how broad environmental, building, and anthropogenic factors shape the public transit air microbiome in an international scale. Therefore, in this study, the public transit air microbiomes and resistomes of six cities across three continents (Denver, Hong Kong, London, New York City, Oslo, Stockholm) were characterized. RESULTS City was the sole factor associated with public transit air microbiome differences, with diverse taxa identified as drivers for geography-associated functional potentials, concomitant with geographical differences in species- and strain-level inferred growth profiles. Related bacterial strains differed among cities in genes encoding resistance, transposase, and other functions. Sourcetracking estimated that human skin, soil, and wastewater were major presumptive resistome sources of public transit air, and adjacent public transit surfaces may also be considered presumptive sources. Large proportions of detected resistance genes were co-located with mobile genetic elements including plasmids. Biosynthetic gene clusters and city-unique coding sequences were found in the metagenome-assembled genomes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, geographical specificity transcends multiple aspects of the public transit air microbiome, and future efforts on a global scale are warranted to increase our understanding of factors shaping the microbiome of this unique built environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Y Leung
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - X Tong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K O Bøifot
- Comprehensive Defence Division, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment FFI, Kjeller, Norway
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Bezdan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D J Butler
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D C Danko
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Gohli
- Comprehensive Defence Division, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment FFI, Kjeller, Norway
| | - D C Green
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M T Hernandez
- Environmental Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - F J Kelly
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Levy
- HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - G Mason-Buck
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Nieto-Caballero
- Environmental Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D Syndercombe-Court
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Udekwu
- Department of Aquatic Sciences & Assessment, Swedish University of Agriculture, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B G Young
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - C E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- The WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - M Dybwad
- Comprehensive Defence Division, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment FFI, Kjeller, Norway.
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - P K H Lee
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Salzmann AP, Arora N, Russo G, Kreutzer S, Snipen L, Haas C. Assessing time dependent changes in microbial composition of biological crime scene traces using microbial RNA markers. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2021; 53:102537. [PMID: 34090061 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Current body fluid identification methods do not reveal any information about the time since deposition (TsD) of biological traces, even though determining the age of traces could be crucial for the investigative process. To determine the utility of microbial RNA markers for TsD estimation, we examined RNA sequencing data from five forensically relevant body fluids (blood, menstrual blood, saliva, semen, and vaginal secretion) over seven time points, ranging from fresh to 1.5 years. One set of samples was stored indoors while another was exposed to outdoor conditions. In outdoor samples, we observed a consistent compositional shift, occurring after 4 weeks: this shift was characterized by an overall increase in non-human eukaryotic RNA and an overall decrease in prokaryotic RNA. In depth analyses showed a high fraction of tree, grass and fungal signatures, which are characteristic for the environment the samples were exposed to. When examining the prokaryotic fraction in more detail, three bacterial phyla were found to exhibit the largest changes in abundance, namely Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. More detailed analyses at the order level were done using a Lasso regression analysis to find a predictive subset of bacterial taxa. We found 26 bacterial orders to be indicative of sample age. Indoor samples did not reveal such a clear compositional change at the domain level: eukaryotic and prokaryotic abundance remained relatively stable across the assessed time period. Nonetheless, a Lasso regression analysis identified 32 bacterial orders exhibiting clear changes over time, enabling the prediction of TsD. For both indoor and outdoor samples, a larger number (around 60%) of the bacterial orders identified as indicative of TsD are part of the Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. In summary, we found that the observed changes across time are not primarily due to changes associated with body fluid specific bacteria but mostly due to accumulation of bacteria from the environment. Orders of these environmental bacteria could be evaluated for TsD prediction, considering the location and environment of the crime scene. However, further studies are needed to verify these findings, determine the applicability across samples, replicates, donors, and other variables, and also to further assess the effect of different seasons and locations on the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Arora
- Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Russo
- Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), University of Zurich/ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Kreutzer
- Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), University of Zurich/ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars Snipen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Cordula Haas
- Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hou C, Xu C, Yi B, Huang X, Cao C, Lee Y, Chen S, Yao X. Mechano-Induced Assembly of a Nanocomposite for "Press-N-Go" Coatings with Highly Efficient Surface Disinfection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:19332-19341. [PMID: 33871976 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using antimicrobial coatings to control the spread of pathogenic microbes is appreciated in public and healthcare settings, but the performance of most antimicrobial coatings could not fulfill the increasing requirements, particularly the ease of preparation, high durability, rapid response, and high killing efficiency. Herein, we develop a new type of mechano-induced assembly of nanocomposite coating by simple "Press-N-Go" procedures on various substrates such as glassware, gloves, and fabrics, in which the coating shows strong adhesion, high shear stability, and high stiffness, making it durable in daily use to withstand common mechanical deformation and scratches. The coating also shows remarkable disinfection effectiveness over 99.9% to clinically significant multiple drug-resistant bacterial pathogens upon only 6 s near-infrared irradiation, which can be further improved to over 99.9999% upon another 6 s treatment. We envision that the coating can provide convenience and values to control pathogen spread for easily contaminated substrates in high-risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changshun Hou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Youngjin Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518075, P. R. China
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Zizovic I, Tyrka M, Matyja K, Moric I, Senerovic L, Trusek A. Functional Modification of Cellulose Acetate Microfiltration Membranes by Supercritical Solvent Impregnation. Molecules 2021; 26:E411. [PMID: 33466808 PMCID: PMC7831027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the modification of commercial cellulose acetate microfiltration membranes by supercritical solvent impregnation with thymol to provide them with antibacterial properties. The impregnation process was conducted in a batch mode, and the effect of pressure and processing time on thymol loading was followed. The impact of the modification on the membrane's microstructure was analyzed using scanning electron and ion-beam microscopy, and membranes' functionality was tested in a cross-flow filtration system. The antibiofilm properties of the obtained materials were studied against Staphyloccocus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while membranes' blocking in contact with bacteria was examined for S. aureus and Escherichia coli. The results revealed a fast impregnation process with high thymol loadings achievable after just 0.5 h at 15 MPa and 20 MPa. The presence of 20% of thymol provided strong antibiofilm properties against the tested strains without affecting the membrane's functionality. The study showed that these strong antibacterial properties could be implemented to the commercial membranes' defined polymeric structure in a short and environmentally friendly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Zizovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.T.); (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Marcin Tyrka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.T.); (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Konrad Matyja
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.T.); (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Ivana Moric
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Lidija Senerovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Anna Trusek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.T.); (K.M.); (A.T.)
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Liu T, Guo Y, Hao X, Wang M, He S, Lin Z, Zhou R. Evaluation of an innovative pediatric isolation (PI) bed using fluid dynamics simulation and aerosol isolation efficacy. BUILDING SIMULATION 2021; 14:1543-1552. [PMID: 33686353 PMCID: PMC7929910 DOI: 10.1007/s12273-021-0761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Airborne transmission is an important mechanism of spread for both viruses and bacteria in hospitals, with nosocomial infections putting a great burden on public health. In this study, we designed and manufactured a bed for pediatric clinic consultation rooms providing air isolation to protect patients and medical personnel from pathogen transmission. The pediatric isolation bed has several primary efficiency filters and a high-efficiency particulate air filter in the bedside unit. The air circulation between inlet and outlet forms negative pressure to remove the patient's exhaled air timeously and effectively. A computational fluid dynamics model was used to calculate the speed of the airflow and the angle of sampler. Following this, we conducted purification experiments using cigarette smoke, Staphylococcus albus (S. albus) and human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) to demonstrate the isolation efficacy. The results showed that the patient's head should be placed as close to the air inlet hood as possible, and an air intake wind speed of 0.86 m/s was effective. The isolation efficacy of the pediatric isolation bed was demonstrated by computational fluid dynamics technology. The isolation efficiency against cigarette smoke exceeded 91.8%, and against S. albus was greater than 99.8%, while the isolation efficiency against HAdV-5 was 100%. The pediatric isolation bed could be used where isolation wards are unavailable, such as in intensive care units and primary clinical settings, to control hospital acquired infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510310 China
| | - Yubing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotang Hao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510310 China
| | - Mei Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510310 China
| | - Shicong He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengshi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Lee SW, Phillips KS, Gu H, Kazemzadeh-Narbat M, Ren D. How microbes read the map: Effects of implant topography on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120595. [PMID: 33360301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbes have remarkable capabilities to attach to the surface of implanted medical devices and form biofilms that adversely impact device function and increase the risk of multidrug-resistant infections. The physicochemical properties of biomaterials have long been known to play an important role in biofilm formation. More recently, a series of discoveries in the natural world have stimulated great interest in the use of 3D surface topography to engineer antifouling materials that resist bacterial colonization. There is also increasing evidence that some medical device surface topographies, such as those designed for tissue integration, may unintentionally promote microbial attachment. Despite a number of reviews on surface topography and biofilm control, there is a missing link between how bacteria sense and respond to 3D surface topographies and the rational design of antifouling materials. Motivated by this gap, we present a review of how bacteria interact with surface topographies, and what can be learned from current laboratory studies of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on specific topographic features and medical devices. We also address specific biocompatibility considerations and discuss how to improve the assessment of the anti-biofilm performance of topographic surfaces. We conclude that 3D surface topography, whether intended or unintended, is an important consideration in the rational design of safe medical devices. Future research on next-generation smart antifouling materials could benefit from a greater focus on translation to real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States
| | - K Scott Phillips
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, United States.
| | - Huan Gu
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States
| | - Mehdi Kazemzadeh-Narbat
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Product Evaluation and Quality, Office of Health Technology 6, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, United States; Musculoskeletal Clinical Regulatory Advisers (MCRA), Washington DC, 20001, United States
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States; Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, United States.
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Zhou Y, Lai Y, Tong X, Leung MHY, Tong JCK, Ridley IA, Lee PKH. Airborne Bacteria in Outdoor Air and Air of Mechanically Ventilated Buildings at City Scale in Hong Kong across Seasons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:11732-11743. [PMID: 32852192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the indoor airborne microbiome have mostly been confined to a single location and time point. Here, we characterized, over the course of a year, the geographic variation, building-function dependence, and dispersal characteristics of indoor and outdoor airborne microbiomes (bacterial members only) of eight mechanically ventilated commercial buildings. Based on the Sloan neutral model, airborne microbiomes were randomly dispersed in the respective indoor and outdoor environments and between the two environments during each season. The dominant taxa in the indoor and outdoor environments showed minor variations at each location among seasons. The airborne microbiomes displayed weak seasonality for both indoor and outdoor environments, while a weak geographic variation was found only for the indoor environments. Source tracking results show that outdoor air and occupant skin were major contributors to the indoor airborne microbiomes, but the extent of the contribution from each source varied within and among buildings over the seasons, which suggests variations in local building use. Based on 32 cases of indoor airborne microbiome data, we determined that the indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio of PM2.5 was not a robust indicator of the sources found indoors. Alternatively, the indoor concentration of carbon dioxide was more closely correlated with the major sources of the indoor airborne microbiome in mechanically ventilated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yonghang Lai
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinzhao Tong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marcus H Y Leung
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jimmy C K Tong
- Building Sustainability Group, Arup, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ian A Ridley
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick K H Lee
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Elmassry MM, Ray N, Sorge S, Webster J, Merry K, Caserio A, Vecellio DJ, Kruczek C, Dowd S, Ardon-Dryer K, Vanos J, San Francisco MJ. Investigating the culturable atmospheric fungal and bacterial microbiome in West Texas: implication of dust storms and origins of the air parcels. FEMS MICROBES 2020; 1:xtaa009. [PMID: 37333960 PMCID: PMC10117434 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals often experience ailments such as allergies, asthma and respiratory tract infections throughout the year. Weather reports often include estimations of common allergens that can affect these individuals. To describe the local 'atmospheric microbiome' in Lubbock, Texas, USA, we examined the culturable fungal and bacterial microbiome present in the air on calm and dust storm days using internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, respectively. While some types of airborne fungi were frequently present throughout the year, distinct differences were also observed between calm and dust storm days. We also observed the influence of the origin of air parcels and wind elevation of the air trajectory. The most abundant genera of fungi identified during the study period were Cryptococcus, Aureobasidium, Alternaria, Cladosporium and Filobasidium. This observation was not surprising considering the agricultural intensive environment of West Texas. Interestingly, Cladosporium, a common allergenic mold, was increased during days with dust storm events. The predominant bacterial genera observed were Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter, Massilia and Exiguobacterium. The relative abundance of the psychrophiles, Psychrobacter and Exiguobacterium, was surprising, given the semi-aridity of West Texas. Coupling our observations with back trajectories of the wind (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory models) demonstrated that dust storms, regional anthropogenic activity and origin of air parcels are important influences on the diversity and temporal presence of the atmospheric microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamen M Elmassry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Nandini Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Sara Sorge
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jennifer Webster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Kyle Merry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Angelica Caserio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Daniel J Vecellio
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Cassandra Kruczek
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Scot Dowd
- Molecular Research LP, Clovis Road, Shallowater, TX 79363, USA
| | - Karin Ardon-Dryer
- Department of Geosciences, Atmospheric Science Group, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jennifer Vanos
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Michael J San Francisco
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Honors College, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79410, USA
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Challenges in Human Skin Microbial Profiling for Forensic Science: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091015. [PMID: 32872386 PMCID: PMC7564248 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome is comprised of the microbes that live on and within an individual, as well as immediately surrounding them. Microbial profiling may have forensic utility in the identification or association of individuals with criminal activities, using microbial signatures derived from a personal microbiome. This review highlights some important aspects of recent studies, many of which have revealed issues involving the effect of contamination of microbial samples from both technical and environmental sources and their impacts on microbiome research and the potential forensic applications of microbial profiling. It is imperative that these challenges be discussed and evaluated within a forensic context to better understand the future directions and potential applications of microbial profiling for human identification. It is necessary that the limitations identified be resolved prior to the adoption of microbial profiling, or, at a minimum, acknowledged by those applying this new approach.
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47
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Size resolved characteristics of urban and suburban bacterial bioaerosols in Japan as assessed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12406. [PMID: 32699373 PMCID: PMC7376176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the size-resolved characteristics of airborne bacterial community composition, diversity, and abundance, outdoor aerosol samples were analysed by 16S rRNA gene-targeted quantitative PCR and amplicon sequencing with Illumina MiSeq. The samples were collected using size-resolved samplers between August and October 2016, at a suburban site in Toyama City and an urban site in Yokohama City, Japan. The bacterial communities were found to be dominated by Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, we found a high abundance of human skin-associated bacteria, such as Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium, in the urban site. Whereas, a high abundance of bacteria associated with soil and plants, such as Methylobacterium and Sphingomonas, was observed in the suburban site. Furthermore, our data revealed a shift in the bacterial community structure, diversity, and abundance of total bacteria at a threshold of 1.1-µm diameter. Interestingly, we observed that Legionella spp., the causal agents of legionellosis in humans, were mainly detected in > 2.1 µm coarse particles. Our data indicate that local environmental factors including built environments could influence the outdoor airborne bacterial community at each site. These results provide a basis for understanding the size-resolved properties of bacterial community composition, diversity, and abundance in outdoor aerosol samples and their potential influence on human health.
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Air Contamination in Different Departments of a Tertiary Hospital. Assessment of Microbial Load and of Antimicrobial Susceptibility. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8060163. [PMID: 32560299 PMCID: PMC7345947 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8060163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Air contamination in the hospital setting can be a reason for the spread of nosocomial infection among susceptible patients. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial species, and their load and drug resistance, in the air of a tertiary hospital. Air samples were collected on a monthly basis for 12 consecutive months in four different departments of the hospital (Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Internal Medicine Ward (IMW), Surgical Ward (SW), and Neonatal Unit (NU)). In total, 101 samples were collected, out of which 158 Gram-positive (GP) and 44 Gram-negative (GN) strains were isolated. The majority of GP isolates were Staphylococcus spp. (n = 100). The highest total microbial load was reported in the IMW (p = 0.005), while the highest Staphylococcus load was observed in the ICU (p = 0.018). GP bacterial load was higher in autumn, while GN load was higher in spring. Regarding drug resistance, four multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strains and one extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strain were isolated in the ICU, two MDR strains and one XDR strain in the SW, one MDR strain in the IMW and one MDR strain in the NU samples. Air in hospital settings is contaminated with various microbes; some of them are MDR, consisting a potential cause of hospital-acquired infection.
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49
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Tozzo P, D’Angiolella G, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Gino S, Caenazzo L. Skin Microbiome Analysis for Forensic Human Identification: What Do We Know So Far? Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060873. [PMID: 32527009 PMCID: PMC7356928 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome research is a highly transdisciplinary field with a wide range of applications and methods for studying it, involving different computational approaches and models. The fact that different people host radically different microbiota highlights forensic perspectives in understanding what leads to this variation and what regulates it, in order to effectively use microbes as forensic evidence. This narrative review provides an overview of some of the main scientific works so far produced, focusing on the potentiality of using skin microbiome profiling for human identification in forensics. This review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The examined literature clearly ascertains that skin microbial communities, although personalized, vary systematically across body sites and time, with intrapersonal differences over time smaller than interpersonal ones, showing such a high degree of spatial and temporal variability that the degree and nature of this variability can constitute in itself an important parameter useful in distinguishing individuals from one another. Even making the effort to organically synthesize all results achieved until now, it is quite evident that these results are still the pieces of a puzzle, which is not yet complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Tozzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498272234
| | - Gabriella D’Angiolella
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Sarah Gino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Luciana Caenazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
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Liu M, Liu J, Ren J, Liu L, Chen R, Li Y. Bacterial community in commercial airliner cabins in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:284-295. [PMID: 30897937 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1593329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Considering the amount of time that crew members and passengers spend on airliners and the potential health impact of pathogenic bacteria, it is important to understand the population of bacteria inside airliners and the factors affecting the bacterial concentration. This study recorded the species of airborne and cabin surface culturable bacteria inside various airliner. Seven flights ranging from 3 to 5 hours in duration on different types of airliner were chosen. Multiple species of bacteria in the air of the airliners, such as Brachybacterium paraconglomeratum, were identified by means of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing method, and most of the bacteria were Gram-positive. This study found that the bacterial concentration in the airliners decreases as the relative humidity increases. The decrease in the number of airborne bacteria may be the reason for the reduced occurrence of unwanted symptoms exhibited by passengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianlin Ren
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lumeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruiqing Chen
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanju Li
- School of Energy and Safety Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
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