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Chudzik A, Jalkanen K, Täubel M, Szponar B, Paściak M. Identification of environmental Actinobacteria in buildings by means of chemotaxonomy, 16S rRNA sequencing, and MALDI-TOF MS. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0359623. [PMID: 38299830 PMCID: PMC10913483 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03596-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Actinobacteria are abundant in soil and other environmental ecosystems and are also an important part of the human microbiota. Hence, they can also be detected in indoor environments and on building materials, where actinobacterial proliferation on damp materials can indicate moisture damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for the identification of 28 environmental strains of Actinobacteria isolated from building materials and indoor and outdoor air samples, mainly collected in the context of moisture damage investigations in buildings in Finland. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and chemotaxonomic analyses were performed, and results were compared with the MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper identification. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, all isolates were identified on the species or genus level and were representatives of Streptomyces, Nocardia, and Pseudonocardia genera. Based on MALDI-TOF MS analysis, initially, 11 isolates were identified as Streptomyces spp. and 1 as Nocardia carnea with a high identification score. After an upgrade in the MALDI-TOF MS in-house database and re-evaluation of mass spectra, 13 additional isolates were identified as Nocardia, Pseudonocardia, and Streptomyces. MALDI-TOF MS has the potential in environmental strain identification; however, the standard database needs to be considerably enriched by environmental Actinobacteria representatives. IMPORTANCE The manuscript addresses the challenges in identifying environmental bacteria using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Biotyper-based protein profiling. The matter of the studies-actinobacterial strains-has been isolated mostly from building materials that originated from a confirmed moisture-damaged situation. Polyphasic taxonomy, 16S RNA gene sequencing, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry were applied for identification purposes. In this experimental paper, a few important facts are highlighted. First, Actinobacteria are abundant in the natural as well as built environment, and their identification on the species and genus levels is difficult and time-consuming. Second, MALDI-TOF MS is an effective tool for identifying bacterial environmental strains, and in parallel, continuous enrichment of the proteomics mass spectral databases is necessary for proper identification. Third, the chemical approach aids in the taxonomical inquiry of Actinobacteria environmental strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chudzik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kaisa Jalkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Bogumiła Szponar
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariola Paściak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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Täubel M, Jalanka J, Kirjavainen PV, Tuoresmäki P, Hyvärinen A, Skevaki C, Piippo-Savolainen E, Pekkanen J, Karvonen AM. Fungi in Early-Life House Dust Samples and the Development of Asthma: A Birth Cohort Study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:1456-1464. [PMID: 37535826 PMCID: PMC10559140 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202303-187oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Fungal exposure has been associated with predisposing and protective effects on the development of childhood asthma. Objectives: To study whether early-life house dust mycobiota composition is associated with the development of asthma. Methods: Mycobiota were determined by amplicon sequencing from 382 dust samples collected from living room floors 2 months after birth in homes of the LUKAS cohort. Asthma status by 10.5 years of age was defined from questionnaires and assigned as ever asthma (n = 68) or current asthma (n = 27). Inhalant atopy was clinically determined at the same age. β-composition was analyzed using PERMANOVA-S, and asthma and atopy analyses were performed using discrete time hazard models and logistic regression, respectively. Results: The house dust mycobiota composition based on Bray-Curtis distance was different in the homes of children who later did or did not develop asthma. The first and the fourth axes scores of principal coordinates analysis based on Bray-Curtis were associated with ever asthma. Of the genera with the strongest correlation with these axes, the relative abundance of Boeremia, Cladosporium, Microdochium, Mycosphaerella, and Pyrenochaetopsis showed protective associations with asthma. None of these associations remained significant after mutual adjustment among the five genera or when mutually adjusted for other microbial cell wall markers and previously identified asthma-protective bacterial indices. Neither fungal α-diversity nor load was associated with asthma in the whole population, but higher fungal richness was a risk factor among children on farms. Higher fungal loads (measured via quantitative polymerase chain reaction) in house dust were associated with the risk of inhalant atopy. Conclusions: The results of our analyses from this well-characterized birth cohort suggest that the early-life house dust mycobiota in Finnish homes, characterized via DNA amplicon sequencing, do not have strong predisposing or protective effects on asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jonna Jalanka
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkka V. Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pauli Tuoresmäki
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Chrysanthi Skevaki
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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Lukkarinen M, Kirjavainen PV, Backman K, Gonzales-Inca C, Hickman B, Kallio S, Karlsson H, Karlsson L, Keski-Nisula L, Korhonen LS, Korpela K, Kuitunen M, Kukkonen AK, Käyhkö N, Lagström H, Lukkarinen H, Peltola V, Pentti J, Salonen A, Savilahti E, Tuoresmäki P, Täubel M, Vahtera J, de Vos WM, Pekkanen J, Karvonen AM. Early-life environment and the risk of eczema at 2 years-Meta-analyses of six Finnish birth cohorts. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13945. [PMID: 37102387 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban-related nature exposures are suggested to contribute to the rising prevalence of allergic diseases despite little supporting evidence. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of 12 land cover classes and two greenness indices around homes at birth on the development of doctor-diagnosed eczema by the age of 2 years, and the influence of birth season. METHODS Data from 5085 children were obtained from six Finnish birth cohorts. Exposures were provided by the Coordination of Information on the Environment in three predefined grid sizes. Adjusted logistic regression was run in each cohort, and pooled effects across cohorts were estimated using fixed or random effect meta-analyses. RESULTS In meta-analyses, neither greenness indices (NDVI or VCDI, 250 m × 250 m grid size) nor residential or industrial/commercial areas were associated with eczema by age of 2 years. Coniferous forest (adjusted odds ratio 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.39 for the middle and 1.16; 0.98-1.28 for the highest vs. lowest tertile) and mixed forest (1.21; 1.02-1.42 middle vs. lowest tertile) were associated with elevated eczema risk. Higher coverage with agricultural areas tended to associate with elevated eczema risk (1.20; 0.98-1.48 vs. none). In contrast, transport infrastructure was inversely associated with eczema (0.77; 0.65-0.91 highest vs. lowest tertile). CONCLUSION Greenness around the home during early childhood does not seem to protect from eczema. In contrast, nearby coniferous and mixed forests may increase eczema risk, as well as being born in spring close to forest or high-green areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Lukkarinen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirkka V Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katri Backman
- Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Brandon Hickman
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampo Kallio
- FLORA: New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Leea Keski-Nisula
- Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura S Korhonen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Kuitunen
- FLORA: New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Kaarina Kukkonen
- FLORA: New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina Käyhkö
- Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hanna Lagström
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Lukkarinen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erkki Savilahti
- FLORA: New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauli Tuoresmäki
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne M Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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Pechlivanis S, Depner M, Kirjavainen PV, Roduit C, Täubel M, Frei R, Skevaki C, Hose A, Barnig C, Schmausser-Hechfellner E, Ege MJ, Schaub B, Divaret-Chauveau A, Lauener R, Karvonen AM, Pekkanen J, Riedler J, Illi S, von Mutius E. Continuous Rather Than Solely Early Farm Exposure Protects From Hay Fever Development. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:591-601. [PMID: 36356926 PMCID: PMC9907754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important window of opportunity for early-life exposures has been proposed for the development of atopic eczema and asthma. OBJECTIVE However, it is unknown whether hay fever with a peak incidence around late school age to adolescence is similarly determined very early in life. METHODS In the Protection against Allergy-Study in Rural Environments (PASTURE) birth cohort potentially relevant exposures such as farm milk consumption and exposure to animal sheds were assessed at multiple time points from infancy to age 10.5 years and classified by repeated measure latent class analyses (n = 769). Fecal samples at ages 2 and 12 months were sequenced by 16S rRNA. Hay fever was defined by parent-reported symptoms and/or physician's diagnosis of hay fever in the last 12 months using questionnaires at 10.5 years. RESULTS Farm children had half the risk of hay fever at 10.5 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.50; 95% CI 0.31-0.79) than that of nonfarm children. Whereas early life events such as gut microbiome richness at 12 months (aOR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46-0.96) and exposure to animal sheds in the first 3 years of life (aOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.06-1.15) were determinants of hay fever, the continuous consumption of farm milk from infancy up to school age was necessary to exert the protective effect (aOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.17-0.72). CONCLUSIONS While early life events determine the risk of subsequent hay fever, continuous exposure is necessary to achieve protection. These findings argue against the notion that only early life exposures set long-lasting trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Pechlivanis
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Martin Depner
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pirkka V. Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland,Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chrysanthi Skevaki
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Gießen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hose
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cindy Barnig
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Établissement français du sang Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, LabEx LipSTIC, Unité Mixte de recherche 1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France,Department of Chest Disease, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Elisabeth Schmausser-Hechfellner
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus J. Ege
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Gießen, Germany,Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Gießen, Germany,Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Amandine Divaret-Chauveau
- Pediatric Allergy Department, Children’s Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, Nancy, France,UMR 6249 Chrono-environment, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France,EA3450 Development, Adaptation and Handicap, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland,Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sabina Illi
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Gießen, Germany,Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Dockx Y, Täubel M, Hogervorst J, Luyten L, Peusens M, Rasking L, Sleurs H, Witters K, Plusquin M, Valkonen M, Nawrot TS, Casas L. Association of indoor dust microbiota with cognitive function and behavior in preschool-aged children. Microbiome 2023; 11:1. [PMID: 36593490 PMCID: PMC9806900 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cognitive development depends on neuroimmune interactions. Immunomodulation by early-life microbial exposure may influence neuropsychological function. In this study, we investigate the association between residential indoor microbiota and cognition and behavior among preschoolers. RESULTS Indoor-settled dust bacterial and fungal characteristics were assessed using 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing (microbial diversity) and qPCR measurements (microbial loads). Child behavior was assessed using four scales: peer relationship, emotional, conduct, and hyperactivity was assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Cognitive function was assessed using four tasks of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) software. The first two tasks were designed to assess attention and psychomotor speed (Motor Screening (MOT) and Big/Little Circle (BLC)) and the last two to evaluate the child's visual recognition/working memory (Spatial Span (SSP) and Delayed Matching to Sample (DMS)). Among the 172 included children (age 4-6 years), we observed a 51% (95%CI;75%;9%) lower odds of children scoring not normal for hyperactivity and a decrease of 3.20% (95%CI, -6.01%; -0.30%) in BLC response time, for every IQR increase in fungal Shannon diversity. Contrarily, microbial loads were directly associated with SDQ scales and response time. For example, a 2-fold increase in Gram-positive bacterial load was associated with 70% (95%CI 18%; 156%) higher odds of scoring not normal for hyperactivity and an increase of 5.17% (95%CI 0.87%; 9.65%) in DMS response time. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that early-life exposure to diverse indoor fungal communities is associated with better behavioral and cognitive outcomes, whereas higher indoor microbial load was associated with worse outcomes. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Department Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Leen Luyten
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Martien Peusens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Leen Rasking
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Sleurs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Katrien Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maria Valkonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Herestraat 49–706, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lidia Casas
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Herestraat 49–706, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Doornstraat 331, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development (IMDO), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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6
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Divaret‐Chauveau A, Mauny F, Hose A, Depner M, Dalphin M, Kaulek V, Barnig C, Schaub B, Schmausser‐Hechfellner E, Renz H, Riedler J, Pekkanen J, Karvonen AM, Täubel M, Lauener R, Roduit C, Vuitton DA, von Mutius E, Demoulin‐Alexikova S, Kirjavainen P, Roponen M, Laurent L, Theodorou J, Böck A, Pechlivanis S, Ege M, Genuneit J, Illi S, Kabesch M, Pfefferle P, Frei R. Trajectories of cough without a cold in early childhood and associations with atopic diseases. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 53:429-442. [PMID: 36453463 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although children can frequently experience a cough that affects their quality of life, few epidemiological studies have explored cough without a cold during childhood. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to describe the latent class trajectories of cough from one to 10 years old and analyse their association with wheezing, atopy and allergic diseases. METHODS Questions about cough, wheeze and allergic diseases were asked at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10 years of age in the European prospective cohort of Protection against Allergy: STUdy in Rural Environment (PASTURE). Specific IgE assays were performed at 10 years of age. Questions regarding a cough without a cold were used to build a latent class model of cough over time. RESULTS Among the 961 children included in the study, apart from the never/infrequent trajectory (59.9%), eight trajectories of cough without a cold were identified: five grouped acute transient classes (24.1%), moderate transient (6.8%), late persistent (4.8%) and early persistent (4.4%). Compared with the never/infrequent trajectory, the other trajectories were significantly associated with wheezing, asthma and allergic rhinitis. For asthma, the strongest association was with the early persistent trajectory (ORa = 31.00 [14.03-68.51]), which was inversely associated with farm environment (ORa = 0.39 [0.19-0.77]) and had a high prevalence of cough triggers and unremitting wheeze. Late and early persistent trajectories were also associated with food allergy. Atopic sensitization was only associated with the late persistent trajectory. CONCLUSION Late and early persistent coughs without a cold are positively associated with atopic respiratory diseases and food allergy. Children having recurrent cough without a cold with night cough and triggers would benefit from an asthma and allergy assessment. Growing up on a farm is associated with reduced early persistent cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Divaret‐Chauveau
- Paediatric Allergy Department University Hospital of Nancy Vandoeuvre‐les‐Nancy France
- EA3450 Développement Adaptation et Handicap (DevAH) University of Lorraine Nancy France
- UMR 6249 Chrono‐environment, CNRS and University of Franche‐Comté Besançon France
| | - Frederic Mauny
- UMR 6249 Chrono‐environment, CNRS and University of Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Unité de Méthodologie en Recherche Clinique, Épidémiologie et Santé Publique CIC Inserm 143, University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
| | - Alexander Hose
- Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Martin Depner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
| | | | - Vincent Kaulek
- Respiratory Diseases Department University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
| | - Cindy Barnig
- Respiratory Diseases Department University Hospital of Besançon Besançon France
- INSERM, EFS BFC, LabEx LipSTIC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte‐Greffon‐Tumeur, Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique Bourgogne Franche‐Comté University Besançon France
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Munich Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC‐M), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research Neuherberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schmausser‐Hechfellner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute for Medicine Laboratory, Pathobiochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Sechenov University Moscow Russia
| | | | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
- Department of Public Health University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio Finland
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne Centre for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Christine Kühne Centre for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
- University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Erika von Mutius
- Department of Paediatric Allergology, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Munich Germany
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC‐M), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research Neuherberg Germany
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Hickman B, Kirjavainen PV, Täubel M, de Vos WM, Salonen A, Korpela K. Determinants of bacterial and fungal microbiota in Finnish home dust: Impact of environmental biodiversity, pets, and occupants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1011521. [PMID: 36419417 PMCID: PMC9676251 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1011521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The indoors is where many humans spend most of their time, and are strongly exposed to indoor microbiota, which may have multifaceted effects on health. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the determinants of indoor microbiota is necessary. We collected dust samples from 295 homes of families with young children in the Helsinki region of Finland and analyzed the bacterial and fungal composition based on the 16S rRNA and ITS DNA sequences. Microbial profiles were combined with extensive survey data on family structure, daily life, and physical characteristics of the home, as well as additional external environmental information, such as land use, and vegetational biodiversity near the home. Using permutational multivariate analysis of variance we explained 18% of the variation of the relative abundance between samples within bacterial composition, and 17% of the fungal composition with the explanatory variables. The fungal community was dominated by the phyla Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota; the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria were dominant. The presence of dogs, multiple children, and firewood were significantly associated with both the fungal and bacterial composition. Additionally, fungal communities were associated with land use, biodiversity in the area, and the type of building, while bacterial communities were associated with the human inhabitants and cleaning practices. A distinction emerged between members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, Ascomycota being more abundant in homes with greater surrounding natural environment, and potential contact with the environment. The results suggest that the fungal composition is strongly dependent on the transport of outdoor environmental fungi into homes, while bacteria are largely derived from the inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Hickman
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirkka V. Kirjavainen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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8
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Tischer C, Täubel M, Kirjavainen PV, Depner M, Hyvärinen A, Piippo-Savolainen E, Pekkanen J, Karvonen AM. Early-life residential exposure to moisture damage is associated with persistent wheezing in a Finnish birth cohort. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13864. [PMID: 36282133 PMCID: PMC9828426 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Moisture damage increases the risk for respiratory disorders in childhood. Our aim was to determine whether early age residential exposure to inspector-observed moisture damage or mold is associated with different wheezing phenotypes later in childhood. METHODS Building inspections were performed by civil engineers, in a standardized manner, in the children's homes-mostly single family and row houses (N = 344)-in the first year of life. The children were followed up with repeated questionnaires until the age of 6 years and wheezing phenotypes-never/infrequent, transient, intermediate, late onset, and persistent-were defined using latent class analyses. The multinomial logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 63% (n = 218) had infrequent or no wheeze, 23% (n = 80) had transient and 9.6% (n = 21) had a persistent wheeze. Due to the low prevalence, results for intermediate (3.8%, n = 13) and late-onset wheeze (3.5%, n = 12) were not further evaluated. Most consistent associations were observed with the persistent wheeze phenotype with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) 2.04 (0.67-6.18) for minor moisture damage with or without mold spots (present in 23.8% of homes) and 3.68 (1.04-13.05) for major damage or any moisture damage with visible mold in a child's main living areas (present in 13.4% of homes). Early-age moisture damage or mold in the kitchen was associated with transient wheezing. CONCLUSION At an early age, residential exposure to moisture damage or mold, can be dose-dependently associated especially with persistent wheezing phenotype later in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tischer
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Bad Kissingen, Germany.,Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants (EFCNI), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkka V Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Depner
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum München1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eija Piippo-Savolainen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne M Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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9
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Tischer C, Kirjavainen P, Matterne U, Tempes J, Willeke K, Keil T, Apfelbacher C, Täubel M. Interplay between natural environment, human microbiota and immune system: A scoping review of interventions and future perspectives towards allergy prevention. Sci Total Environ 2022; 821:153422. [PMID: 35090907 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urbanization and biodiversity loss are linked to chronic disorders, in particular allergic diseases. The aim of this scoping review was to provide a synopsis of intervention studies specifically examining the influence of exposure to natural environments on human microbiota as well as immunological markers as suggested interlink between natural environment and the development of allergic diseases. METHODS We searched PubMed (MEDLINE®) and all references cited in the included studies following the PRISMA statement guidelines. No restrictions regarding age and sex of study participants, language or publication date were made. The protocol was registered at OSF REGISTRIES (https://osf.io/musgr). RESULTS After screening, eight intervention studies were included. The interventions reported were mainly of pilot character and various, ranging from nature-related educational programs, biodiversity interventions in day-cares to short-term contact with soil- and sand-preparations. Most of the studied interventions appeared to increase human microbiota richness and diversity in specific taxa groups in the short-time. Immunological markers were assessed in only two studies. In these, their associations with human microbiota richness were pre-dominantly reported. CONCLUSION There is some evidence that the so-called biodiversity interventions have the potential to diversify human microbiota, at least over a short period. Adequately powered randomized controlled trials with long term follow-up are required to examine sustainable effects on microbiota and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tischer
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2 / D7, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Prinzregentenstrasse 6, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany; Finish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, PO Box 95, FIN-70701 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Pirkka Kirjavainen
- Finish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, PO Box 95, FIN-70701 Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Uwe Matterne
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Jana Tempes
- University of Education Freiburg, Kunzenweg 21, 79117 Freiburg, i.Br, Germany.
| | - Kristina Willeke
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2 / D7, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Prinzregentenstrasse 6, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Keil
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2 / D7, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Prinzregentenstrasse 6, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany; Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Schumannstraße 20 - 21, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Täubel
- Finish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, PO Box 95, FIN-70701 Kuopio, Finland.
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Dockx Y, Täubel M, Bijnens EM, Witters K, Valkonen M, Jayaprakash B, Hogervorst J, Nawrot TS, Casas L. Indoor green can modify the indoor dust microbial communities. Indoor Air 2022; 32:e13011. [PMID: 35347789 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the potential role of indoor plants in shaping the indoor microbiota. Within the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, we collected settled dust and performed 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing and qPCR measurements to characterize the indoor microbiota, including bacterial and fungal loads and Chao1 richness, Shannon, and Simpson diversity indices. For 155 households, we obtained information on the number of indoor plants. We performed linear regression models adjusted for several a priori chosen covariables. Overall, an increase in indoor plants and density was associated with increased microbial diversity, but not load. For example, we found an increase of 64 (95%CI:3;125) and 26 (95%CI:4;48) units of bacterial and fungal taxa richness, respectively, in households with more than three plants compared to no plants. Our results support the hypothesis that indoor plants can enrich indoor microbial diversity, while impacts on microbial loads are not obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Esmée M Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maria Valkonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lidia Casas
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development (IMDO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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11
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Nordberg ME, Täubel M, Heikkinen S, Jalkanen K, Köliö A, Stranger M, Leppänen H, Hyvärinen A, Huttunen K. Toxicological transcriptome of human airway constructs after exposure to indoor air particulate matter: In search of relevant pathways of moisture damage-associated health effects. Environ Int 2022; 158:106997. [PMID: 34991257 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple health effects are associated with moisture damage in buildings. Studies explaining these associations and cell-level mechanisms behind the observed health effects are urgently called for. OBJECTIVES We focused on characterizing gene expression in human airway epithelium after exposure to indoor air particulate matter (PM) sampled from houses with and without moisture damage, alongside determination of general toxicological markers. METHODS We performed detailed technical building inspections in 25 residential houses and categorized them based on the detection of moisture damages and the probability of occupant exposure. PM sampling was complemented by microbiological and volatile organic compound assessment. We exposed human airway constructs to three dilutions (1:16, 1:8, 1:4) of collected PM from moisture-damaged (index) and non-moisture-damaged (reference) houses and imaged selected constructs with electron microscopy. We analyzed general toxicological markers and the RNA of exposed constructs was sequenced targeting genes associated with toxicological pathways. We did groupwise comparisons between index and reference houses and pairwise comparisons in matched index/reference houses. RESULTS In groupwise comparison, gene Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP1A1) was statistically significantly over-expressed in index houses at all dilutions of collected PM and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Subunit 1 (NFKB1) at dilution 1:4 of collected PM. In pairwise index/reference house comparison, several genes related to multiple toxicological pathways were activated, largest expression differences seen for CYP1A1. However, none of the genes was consistently expressed in all the matched pairs, and general toxicological markers did not differentiate index and reference houses. DISCUSSION The exposure to PM from index houses activated toxicology -related genes in airway constructs. Differential expression was not consistent among all the index/reference pairs, possibly due to compositional differences of bioactive particles. Our study highlights CYP1A1 and NFKB1 as potential targets in moisture damage -associated cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Elisa Nordberg
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- School of Medicine, Institutes of Clinical Medicine and Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa Jalkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Köliö
- Renovatek Oy, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Marianne Stranger
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Hanna Leppänen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Huttunen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), Yliopistonranta 1, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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12
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Adams RI, Leppänen H, Karvonen AM, Jacobs J, Borràs-Santos A, Valkonen M, Krop E, Haverinen-Shaughnessy U, Huttunen K, Zock JP, Hyvärinen A, Heederik D, Pekkanen J, Täubel M. Microbial exposures in moisture-damaged schools and associations with respiratory symptoms in students: A multi-country environmental exposure study. Indoor Air 2021; 31:1952-1966. [PMID: 34151461 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Moisture-damaged buildings are associated with respiratory symptoms and underlying diseases among building occupants, but the causative agent(s) remain a mystery. We first identified specific fungal and bacterial taxa in classrooms with moisture damage in Finnish and Dutch primary schools. We then investigated associations of the identified moisture damage indicators with respiratory symptoms in more than 2700 students. Finally, we explored whether exposure to specific taxa within the indoor microbiota may explain the association between moisture damage and respiratory health. Schools were assessed for moisture damage through detailed inspections, and the microbial composition of settled dust in electrostatic dustfall collectors was determined using marker-gene analysis. In Finland, there were several positive associations between particular microbial indicators (diversity, richness, individual taxa) and a respiratory symptom score, while in the Netherlands, the associations tended to be mostly inverse and statistically non-significant. In Finland, abundance of the Sphingomonas bacterial genus and endotoxin levels partially explained the associations between moisture damage and symptom score. A few microbial taxa explained part of the associations with health, but overall, the observed associations between damage-associated individual taxa and respiratory health were limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel I Adams
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Hanna Leppänen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne M Karvonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - José Jacobs
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alicia Borràs-Santos
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Escola Universitària d'Infermeria, Escoles Universitàries Gimbernat, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Maria Valkonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Esmeralda Krop
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kati Huttunen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dick Heederik
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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13
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Dockx Y, Täubel M, Bijnens EM, Witters K, Valkonen M, Jayaprakash B, Hogervorst J, Nawrot TS, Casas L. Residential green space can shape the indoor microbial environment. Environ Res 2021; 201:111543. [PMID: 34157273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of outdoor green space on microbial communities indoors has scarcely been investigated. Here, we study the associations between nearby residential green space and residential indoor microbiota. METHODS We collected settled dust from 176 living rooms of participants of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort. We performed 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing, and quantitative PCR measurements of total bacterial and fungal loads to calculate bacterial and fungal diversity measures (Chao1 richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity indices) and relative abundance of individual taxa. Green spaces were estimated within 50m and 100m buffers around the residential address. We defined total residential green space using high-resolution land-cover data, further stratified in low-growing (height<3m) and high-growing green (height>3m). We used land-use data to calculate the residential nature. We ran linear regression models, adjusting for confounders and other potential determinants. Results are expressed as units change for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in residential green space and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS After adjustment, we observed statistically significant associations between the indoor microbial diversity indices and nearby residential green space. For bacteria, the Shannon index was directly associated with residential nature (e.g. 0.08 units increase (CI:0.02,0.13) per IQR increase in nature within a 50m buffer). Fungal diversity was directly associated with high-growing residential green and inversely with low-growing green. For example, an IQR increase in high-growing green within a 50m buffer was associated with increases in 0.14 (CI:0.01,0.27) and 0.02 (CI:0.008,0.04) units in the Shannon and Simpson indices, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nearby green space determines the diversity of indoor environment microbiota, and the type of green differently impacts bacterial and fungal diversity. Further research is needed to investigate in more detail possible microbial taxa compositions underlying the observed changes in indoor microbiota diversity and to explore their contribution to beneficial health effects associated with green space exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Esmée M Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Katrien Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maria Valkonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven) , Belgium.
| | - Lidia Casas
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, Leuven University (KU Leuven) , Belgium; Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp; Belgium; Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development (IMDO), University of Antwerp, Belgium
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14
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Martikainen MV, Tossavainen T, Täubel M, Wolczkiewicz K, Lähde A, Roponen M. Toxicological and microbiological characterization of cow stable dust. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 75:105202. [PMID: 34166725 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to farm environment has been shown to both protect from allergic diseases and increase the risk of respiratory syndromes. Mechanisms have been previously investigated by using farm dust extracts or specific components of dust. The use of authentic farm dust would better reflect the natural exposure. The aim of our study was to highlight the importance of proper assessment of the cow stable dust characteristics before conducting further investigations. For this purpose, we characterized microbiome and size distribution of unprocessed cow stable dust and its toxicological properties, as they have been often overlooked in search of protective factors. Stable dust samples from four Finnish dairy farms were collected by utilizing two different collection methods. Toxicological potential was analysed by stimulating co-cultures of lung epithelial and macrophage-like cells with dust. Size and mass distributions of airborne particles in the stables and bacterial and fungal microbiota of the dust were analysed. Stimulation with dust did not affect viability, but heightened oxidative stress responses and cytokine secretion, and slightly reduced the metabolic activity. There were a few differences in responses between farms, however, the differences were mainly in the intensity and not in the direction of the response. Cellular responses induced by dusts collected by different sampling methods did not differ substantially. Unprocessed stable dust samples showed relatively low direct toxicity but were able to trigger immune responses in studied cell model. This suggest that these dust collection methods could be utilized when investigating e.g. asthma-protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Viola Martikainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Tarleena Tossavainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Wolczkiewicz
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Lähde
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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15
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Hyytiäinen H, Kirjavainen PV, Täubel M, Tuoresmäki P, Casas L, Heinrich J, Herberth G, Standl M, Renz H, Piippo-Savolainen E, Hyvärinen A, Pekkanen J, Karvonen AM. Microbial diversity in homes and the risk of allergic rhinitis and inhalant atopy in two European birth cohorts. Environ Res 2021; 196:110835. [PMID: 33582132 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial exposures in early childhood direct the development of the immune system and their diversity may influence the risk of allergy development. We aimed to determine whether the indoor microbial diversity at early-life is associated with the development of allergic rhinitis and inhalant atopy. METHODS The study population included children within two birth cohorts: Finnish rural-suburban LUKAS (N = 312), and German urban LISA from Munich and Leipzig study centers (N = 248). The indoor microbiota diversity (Chao1 richness and Shannon entropy) was characterized from floor dust samples collected at the child age of 2-3 months by Illumina MiSeq sequencing of bacterial and fungal DNA amplicons. Allergic rhinitis and inhalant atopy were determined at the age of 10 years and analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS High bacterial richness (aOR 0.19, 95%CI 0.09-0.42 for middle and aOR 0.12, 95%CI 0.05-0.29 for highest vs. lowest tertile) and Shannon entropy were associated with lower risk of allergic rhinitis in LISA, and similar trend was seen in LUKAS. We observed some significant associations between bacterial and fungal diversity measured and the risk of inhalant atopy, but the associations were inconsistent between the two cohorts. High bacterial diversity tended to be associated with increased risk of inhalant atopy in rural areas, but lower risk in more urban areas. Fungal diversity tended to be associated with increased risk of inhalant atopy only in LISA. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that a higher bacterial diversity may reduce the risk of allergic rhinitis later in childhood. The environment-dependent heterogeneity in the associations with inhalant atopy - visible here as inconsistent results between two differing cohorts - suggests that specific constituents of the diversity may be relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hyytiäinen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkka V Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pauli Tuoresmäki
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lidia Casas
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximillians University Munich, Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology/Core Facility Studies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research- UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Germany
| | - Eija Piippo-Savolainen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio; Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne M Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.
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16
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Peccia J, Haverinen-Shaughnessy U, Täubel M, Gentner DR, Shaughnessy R. Practitioner-driven research for improving the outcomes of mold inspection and remediation. Sci Total Environ 2021; 762:144190. [PMID: 33360468 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This commentary is intended to provide a research roadmap for utilizing recent chemical and molecular-biological technological advances for addressing dampness and mold in buildings. The perspective is unique in that both the mold industry practitioners and academic researchers drive the questions. Research needs were derived from a 2018 international workshop attended by practitioners, researchers and governmental representatives, where challenges and opportunities in the mold remediation and restoration field were discussed focusing on the need to develop new tools that improve building diagnosis and clearance certification for mold inspectors and remediators. Suggestions are made on how new technologies surrounding DNA-based sequence analysis for fungal and bacterial identification and real-time chemical sensor technology can be leveraged by practitioners to improve inspection and remediation. The workshop put into effect a logical progression to distill and extract practice-based implications and encourage the process of transfer of the science to practice. Goals for the workshop, and this subsequent paper, are also centered on encouraging US government-funding agencies to better position and define research on the built environment geared for end-user scientists and practitioners to better explore practical solutions to dampness and mold in indoor environments. By facilitating the workshop forum and targeting industry, field practitioners, and government agencies, a sharing of needed commonalities may be infused into future research agendas and outreach efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, USA
| | - Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy
- Indoor Air Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tulsa, USA; Faculty of Technology, Structures and Construction Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Drew R Gentner
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, USA
| | - Richard Shaughnessy
- Indoor Air Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tulsa, USA.
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17
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Wu T, Fu M, Valkonen M, Täubel M, Xu Y, Boor BE. Particle Resuspension Dynamics in the Infant Near-Floor Microenvironment. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:1864-1875. [PMID: 33450149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carpet dust contains microbial and chemical material that can impact early childhood health. Infants may be exposed to greater quantities of resuspended dust, given their close proximity to floor surfaces. Chamber experiments with a robotic infant were integrated with a material balance model to provide new fundamental insights into the size-dependency of infant crawling-induced particle resuspension and exposure. The robotic infant was exposed to resuspended particle concentrations from 105 to 106 m-3 in the near-floor (NF) microzone during crawling, with concentrations generally decreasing following vacuum cleaning of the carpets. A pronounced vertical variation in particle concentrations was observed between the NF microzone and bulk air. Resuspension fractions for crawling are similar to those for adult walking, with values ranging from 10-6 to 10-1 and increasing with particle size. Meaningful amounts of dust are resuspended during crawling, with emission rates of 0.1 to 2 × 104 μg h-1. Size-resolved inhalation intake fractions ranged from 5 to 8 × 103 inhaled particles per million resuspended particles, demonstrating that a significant fraction of resuspended particles can be inhaled. A new exposure metric, the dust-to-breathing zone transport efficiency, was introduced to characterize the overall probability of a settled particle being resuspended and delivered to the respiratory airways. Values ranged from less than 0.1 to over 200 inhaled particles per million settled particles, increased with particle size, and varied by over 2 orders of magnitude among 12 carpet types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Wu
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Manjie Fu
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Maria Valkonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio 70701, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio 70701, Finland
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Brandon E Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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18
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Nordberg ME, Täubel M, Leppänen H, Hyvärinen A, Huttunen K. Activation of toxicology-related genes in human airway constructs after exposure to indoor air particulate matter from moisture-damaged houses. Genes Environ 2020. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.4923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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19
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Nordberg M, Täubel M, Jalava PI, BéruBé K, Tervahauta A, Hyvärinen A, Huttunen K. Human airway construct model is suitable for studying transcriptome changes associated with indoor air particulate matter toxicity. Indoor Air 2020; 30:433-444. [PMID: 31883508 PMCID: PMC7217003 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models mimicking the human respiratory system are essential when investigating the toxicological effects of inhaled indoor air particulate matter (PM). We present a pulmonary cell culture model for studying indoor air PM toxicity. We exposed normal human bronchial epithelial cells, grown on semi-permeable cell culture membranes, to four doses of indoor air PM in the air-liquid interface. We analyzed the chemokine interleukin-8 concentration from the cell culture medium, protein concentration from the apical wash, measured tissue electrical resistance, and imaged airway constructs using light and transmission electron microscopy. We sequenced RNA using a targeted RNA toxicology panel for 386 genes associated with toxicological responses. PM was collected from a non-complaint residential environment over 1 week. Sample collection was concomitant with monitoring size-segregated PM counts and determination of microbial levels and diversity. PM exposure was not acutely toxic for the cells, and we observed up-regulation of 34 genes and down-regulation of 17 genes when compared to blank sampler control exposure. The five most up-regulated genes were related to immunotoxicity. Despite indications of incomplete cell differentiation, this model enabled the comparison of a toxicological transcriptome associated with indoor air PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria‐Elisa Nordberg
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesUniversity of Eastern Finland (UEF)KuopioFinland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health UnitNational Institute for Health and WelfareKuopioFinland
| | - Pasi I. Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesUniversity of Eastern Finland (UEF)KuopioFinland
| | - Kelly BéruBé
- Cardiff School of BiosciencesCardiff Institute Tissue Engineering and Repair (CITER)Cardiff UniversityWalesUK
| | - Arja Tervahauta
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesUniversity of Eastern Finland (UEF)KuopioFinland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health UnitNational Institute for Health and WelfareKuopioFinland
| | - Kati Huttunen
- Department of Environmental and Biological SciencesUniversity of Eastern Finland (UEF)KuopioFinland
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20
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Leppänen HK, Nevalainen A, Vepsäläinen A, Roponen M, Täubel M, Laine O, Rantakokko P, von Mutius E, Pekkanen J, Hyvärinen A. Corrigendum: Leppänen HK, et al. (2014). Determinants, reproducibility, and seasonal variation of ergosterol levels in house dust. Indoor Air, 24(3), 248-259. Indoor Air 2020; 30:553. [PMID: 32333695 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K Leppänen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino Nevalainen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Asko Vepsäläinen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Laine
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
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21
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Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen PV, Täubel M, Pekkanen J. Reply. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:1307-1308. [PMID: 32081405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Pirkka V Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Casas L, Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen PV, Täubel M, Hyytiäinen H, Jayaprakash B, Lehmann I, Standl M, Pekkanen J, Heinrich J. Early life home microbiome and hyperactivity/inattention in school-age children. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17355. [PMID: 31758010 PMCID: PMC6874766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the association between indoor microbial diversity early in life and hyperactivity/inattention symptoms in children at ages 10 and 15 years.A random sample enriched with subjects with hyperactivity/inattention at age 15 years was selected from the German LISA birth cohort. Bedroom floor dust was collected at age 3 months and 4 bacterial and fungal diversity measures [number of observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Chao1, Shannon and Simpson indices] were calculated from Illumina MiSeq sequencing data. Hyperactivity/inattention was based on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 10 and 15 (cut-off ≥7). Adjusted associations between 4 diversity measures in tertiles and hyperactivity/inattention were investigated with weighted and survey logistic regression models. We included 226 individuals with information on microbial diversity and hyperactivity/inattention. Early life bacterial diversity was inversely associated with hyperactivity/inattention at age 10 [bacterial OTUs (medium vs low: aOR = 0.4, 95%CI = (0.2–0.8)) and Chao1 (medium vs low: 0.3 (0.1–0.5); high vs low: 0.3 (0.2–0.6)], whereas fungal diversity was directly associated [Chao1 (high vs low: 2.1 (1.1–4.0)), Shannon (medium vs low: 2.8 (1.3–5.8)), and Simpson (medium vs low: 4.7 (2.4–9.3))]. At age 15, only Shannon index was significantly associated with hyperactivity/inattention [bacteria (medium vs low: 2.3 (1.2–4.2); fungi (high vs low: 0.5 (0.3–0.9))]. In conclusion, early life exposure to microbial diversity may play a role in the psychobehavioural development. We observe heterogeneity in the direction of the associations encouraging further longitudinal studies to deepen our understanding of the characteristics of the microbial community underlying the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Casas
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Anne M Karvonen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkka V Kirjavainen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Institue of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heidi Hyytiäinen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Irina Lehmann
- Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Environmental Immunology/Core Facility Studies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximillians University Munich, Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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23
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Karvonen AM, Kirjavainen PV, Täubel M, Jayaprakash B, Adams RI, Sordillo JE, Gold DR, Hyvärinen A, Remes S, von Mutius E, Pekkanen J. Indoor bacterial microbiota and development of asthma by 10.5 years of age. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:1402-1410. [PMID: 31415782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life indoor bacterial exposure is associated with the risk of asthma, but the roles of specific bacterial genera are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether individual bacterial genera in indoor microbiota predict the development of asthma. METHODS Dust samples from living rooms were collected at 2 months of age. The dust microbiota was characterized by using Illumina MiSeq sequencing amplicons of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Children (n = 373) were followed up for ever asthma until the age of 10.5 years. RESULTS Richness was inversely associated with asthma after adjustments (P = .03). The phylogenetic microbiota composition in asthmatics patients' homes was characteristically different from that in nonasthmatic subjects' homes (P = .02, weighted UniFrac, adjusted association, permutational multivariate analysis of variance, PERMANOVA-S). The first 2 axis scores of principal coordinate analysis of the weighted UniFrac distance matrix were inversely associated with asthma. Of 658 genera detected in the dust samples, the relative abundances of 41 genera correlated (r > |0.4|) with one of these axes. Lactococcus genus was a risk factor for asthma (adjusted odds ratio, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.13-1.63] per interquartile range change). The abundance of 12 bacterial genera (mostly from the Actinomycetales order) was associated with lower asthma risk (P < .10), although not independently of each other. The sum relative abundance of these 12 intercorrelated genera was significantly protective and explained the majority of the association of richness with less asthma. CONCLUSION Our data confirm that phylogenetic differences in the microbiota of infants' homes are associated with subsequent asthma risk and suggest that communities of selected bacteria are more strongly linked to asthma protection than individual bacterial taxa or mere richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Pirkka V Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Rachel I Adams
- Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Calif; California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, Richmond, Calif
| | - Joanne E Sordillo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Mass
| | - Diane R Gold
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Remes
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany; Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Inkinen J, Jayaprakash B, Siponen S, Hokajärvi AM, Pursiainen A, Ikonen J, Ryzhikov I, Täubel M, Kauppinen A, Paananen J, Miettinen IT, Torvinen E, Kolehmainen M, Pitkänen T. Active eukaryotes in drinking water distribution systems of ground and surface waterworks. Microbiome 2019; 7:99. [PMID: 31269979 PMCID: PMC6610866 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0715-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eukaryotes are ubiquitous in natural environments such as soil and freshwater. Little is known of their presence in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) or of the environmental conditions that affect their activity and survival. METHODS Eukaryotes were characterized by Illumina high-throughput sequencing targeting 18S rRNA gene (DNA) that estimates the total community and the 18S rRNA gene transcript (RNA) that is more representative of the active part of the community. DWDS cold water (N = 124), hot water (N = 40), and biofilm (N = 16) samples were collected from four cities in Finland. The sampled DWDSs were from two waterworks A-B with non-disinfected, recharged groundwater as source water and from three waterworks utilizing chlorinated water (two DWDSs of surface waterworks C-D and one of ground waterworks E). In each DWDS, samples were collected from three locations during four seasons of 1 year. RESULTS A beta-diversity analysis revealed that the main driver shaping the eukaryotic communities was the DWDS (A-E) (R = 0.73, P < 0.001, ANOSIM). The kingdoms Chloroplastida (green plants and algae), Metazoa (animals: rotifers, nematodes), Fungi (e.g., Cryptomycota), Alveolata (ciliates, dinoflagellates), and Stramenopiles (algae Ochrophyta) were well represented and active-judging based on the rRNA gene transcripts-depending on the surrounding conditions. The unchlorinated cold water of systems (A-B) contained a higher estimated total number of taxa (Chao1, average 380-480) than chlorinated cold water in systems C-E (Chao1 ≤ 210). Within each DWDS, unique eukaryotic communities were identified at different locations as was the case also for cold water, hot water, and biofilms. A season did not have a consistent impact on the eukaryotic community among DWDSs. CONCLUSIONS This study comprehensively characterized the eukaryotic community members within the DWDS of well-maintained ground and surface waterworks providing good quality water. The study gives an indication that each DWDS houses a unique eukaryotic community, mainly dependent on the raw water source and water treatment processes in place at the corresponding waterworks. In particular, disinfection as well as hot water temperature seemed to represent a strong selection pressure that controlled the number of active eukaryotic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Inkinen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Sallamaari Siponen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box, 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Maria Hokajärvi
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Pursiainen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jenni Ikonen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ivan Ryzhikov
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box, 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ari Kauppinen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilkka T. Miettinen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eila Torvinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box, 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kolehmainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box, 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Pitkänen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
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25
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Du L, Leivo V, Prasauskas T, Täubel M, Martuzevicius D, Haverinen-Shaughnessy U. Effects of energy retrofits on Indoor Air Quality in multifamily buildings. Indoor Air 2019; 29:686-697. [PMID: 30921480 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We assessed 45 multifamily buildings (240 apartments) from Finland and 20 (96 apartments) from Lithuania, out of which 37 buildings in Finland and 15 buildings in Lithuania underwent energy retrofits. Building characteristics, retrofit activities, and energy consumption data were collected, and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) parameters, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), formaldehyde (CH2 O), selected volatile organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), radon, and microbial content in settled dust were measured before and after the retrofits. After the retrofits, heating energy consumption decreased by an average of 24% and 49% in Finnish and Lithuanian buildings, respectively. After the retrofits of Finnish buildings, there was a significant increase in BTEX concentrations (estimated mean increase of 2.5 µg/m3 ), whereas significant reductions were seen in fungal (0.6-log reduction in cells/m2 /d) and bacterial (0.6-log reduction in gram-positive and 0.9-log reduction in gram-negative bacterial cells/m2 /d) concentrations. In Lithuanian buildings, radon concentrations were significantly increased (estimated mean increase of 13.8 Bq/m3 ) after the retrofits. Mechanical ventilation was associated with significantly lower CH2 O concentrations in Finnish buildings. The results and recommendations presented in this paper can inform building retrofit studies and other programs and policies aimed to improve indoor environment and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Du
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Virpi Leivo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tadas Prasauskas
- Department of Environmental Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dainius Martuzevicius
- Department of Environmental Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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26
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Huttunen K, Wlodarczyk AJ, Tirkkonen J, Mikkonen S, Täubel M, Krop E, Jacobs J, Pekkanen J, Heederik D, Zock JP, Hyvärinen A, Hirvonen MR, Adams R, Jones T, Zimmermann R, BéruBé K. Oxidative capacity and hemolytic activity of settled dust from moisture-damaged schools. Indoor Air 2019; 29:299-307. [PMID: 30575131 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to moisture-damaged indoor environments is associated with adverse respiratory health effects, but responsible factors remain unidentified. In order to explore possible mechanisms behind these effects, the oxidative capacity and hemolytic activity of settled dust samples (n = 25) collected from moisture-damaged and non-damaged schools in Spain, the Netherlands, and Finland were evaluated and matched against the microbial content of the sample. Oxidative capacity was determined with plasmid scission assay and hemolytic activity by assessing the damage to isolated human red blood cells. The microbial content of the samples was measured with quantitative PCR assays for selected microbial groups and by analyzing the cell wall markers ergosterol, muramic acid, endotoxins, and glucans. The moisture observations in the schools were associated with some of the microbial components in the dust, and microbial determinants grouped together increased the oxidative capacity. Oxidative capacity was also affected by particle concentration and country of origin. Two out of 14 studied dust samples from moisture-damaged schools demonstrated some hemolytic activity. The results indicate that the microbial component connected with moisture damage is associated with increased oxidative stress and that hemolysis should be studied further as one possible mechanism contributing to the adverse health effects of moisture-damaged buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Huttunen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health (HICE), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna J Wlodarczyk
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health (HICE), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jenni Tirkkonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Santtu Mikkonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Esmeralda Krop
- Division Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - José Jacobs
- Division Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dick Heederik
- Division Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija-Riitta Hirvonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health (HICE), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rachel Adams
- Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tim Jones
- School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health (HICE), Neuherberg, Germany
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Kelly BéruBé
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health (HICE), Neuherberg, Germany
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering & Repair (CITER), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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27
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Martikainen MV, Rönkkö TJ, Schaub B, Täubel M, Gu C, Wong GW, Li J, Pekkanen J, Komppula M, Hirvonen MR, Jalava PI, Roponen M. Integrating farm and air pollution studies in search for immunoregulatory mechanisms operating in protective and high-risk environments. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:815-822. [PMID: 30152886 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies conducted in farm environments suggest that diverse microbial exposure promotes children's lung health. The underlying mechanisms are unclear, and the development of asthma-preventive strategies has been delayed. More comprehensive investigation of the environment-induced immunoregulation is required for better understanding of asthma pathogenesis and prevention. Exposure to air pollution, including particulate matter (PM), is a risk factor for asthma, thus providing an excellent counterpoint for the farm-effect research. Lack of comparable data, however, complicates interpretation of the existing information. We aimed to explore the immunoregulatory effects of cattle farm dust (protective, Finland) and urban air PM (high-risk, China) for the first time using identical research methods. METHODS We stimulated PBMCs of 4-year-old children (N = 18) with farm dust and size-segregated PM and assessed the expression of immune receptors CD80 and ILT4 on dendritic cells and monocytes as well as cytokine production of PBMCs. Environmental samples were analysed for their composition. RESULTS Farm dust increased the percentage of cells expressing CD80 and the cytokine production of children's immune cells, whereas PM inhibited the expression of important receptors and the production of soluble mediators. Although PM samples induced parallel immune reactions, the size-fraction determined the strength of the effects. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the significance of using the same research framework when disentangling shared and distinctive immune pathways operating in different environments. Observed stimulatory effects of farm dust and inhibitory effects of PM could shape responses towards respiratory pathogens and allergens, and partly explain differences in asthma prevalence between studied environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Viola Martikainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Teemu J Rönkkö
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Department of Allergy and Pulmonology, University Children's Hospital, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cheng Gu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gary Wk Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Komppula
- Atmospheric Research Centre of Eastern Finland, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija-Riitta Hirvonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi I Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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28
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Ndika J, Suojalehto H, Täubel M, Lehto M, Karvala K, Pallasaho P, Sund J, Auvinen P, Järvi K, Pekkanen J, Kinaret P, Greco D, Hyvärinen A, Alenius H. Nasal mucosa and blood cell transcriptome profiles do not reflect respiratory symptoms associated with moisture damage. Indoor Air 2018; 28:721-731. [PMID: 29729044 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Upper and lower respiratory symptoms and asthma are adverse health effects associated with moisture-damaged buildings. Quantitative measures to detect adverse health effects related to exposure to dampness and mold are needed. Here, we investigate differences in gene expression between occupants of moisture-damaged and reference buildings. Moisture-damaged (N = 11) and control (N = 5) buildings were evaluated for dampness and mold by trained inspectors. The transcriptomics cohort consisted of nasal brushings and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 86 teachers, with/without self-perceived respiratory symptoms. Subject categories comprised reference (R) and damaged (D) buildings with (S) or without (NS) symptoms, that is, R-S, R-NS, DS, and D-NS. Component analyses and k-means clustering of transcriptome profiles did not distinguish building status (R/D) or presence of respiratory symptoms (S/NS). Only one nasal mucosa gene (YBX3P1) exhibited a significant change in expression between D-S and D-NS. Nine other nasal mucosa genes were differentially expressed between R-S and D-S teachers. No differentially expressed genes were identified in PBMCs. We conclude that the observed mRNA differences provide very weak biological evidence for adverse health effects associated with subject occupancy of the specified moisture-damaged buildings. This emphasizes the need to evaluate all potential factors (including those not related to toxicity) influencing perceived/self-reported ill health in moisture-damaged buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ndika
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Suojalehto
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Täubel
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Lehto
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Karvala
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Pallasaho
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Sund
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Auvinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Järvi
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - J Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Kinaret
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D Greco
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Alenius
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Leppänen HK, Täubel M, Jayaprakash B, Vepsäläinen A, Pasanen P, Hyvärinen A. Quantitative assessment of microbes from samples of indoor air and dust. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2018; 28:231-241. [PMID: 28975927 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2017.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Different types of house dust samples are widely used as surrogates of airborne inhalation exposure in studies assessing health effects of indoor microbes. Here we studied-in a quantitative assessment-the representativeness of different house dust samples of indoor air (IA) and investigated seasonality and reproducibility of indoor samples. Microbial exposure was measured five times over 1 year in four rural and five urban Finnish homes. Six sampling methods were used: button inhalable aerosol sampler (actively collected personal and indoor air sampling), settled dust, floor dust, mattress dust and vacuum cleaner dust bag dust; the latter three referred to herein as "reservoir dust samples". Using quantitative PCR, we quantified the fungal species Cladosporium herbarum, the fungal group Penicillium/Aspergillus/Paecilomyces variotii, total fungal DNA, and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We observed significant differences in microbial levels between rural and urban homes, most pronounced for personal air samples. Fungal species and groups but not total fungal DNA in indoor air correlated moderately to well with reservoir dust and with personal air samples. For bacterial groups, the correlations between air and dust were generally lower. Samples of indoor air and settled dust reflected similarly seasonal variation in microbial levels and were also similar compositionally, as assessed by ratios of qPCR markers. In general, determinations from mattress dust and other reservoir samples were better reproducible in repeated assessments over time than from indoor air or settled dust. This study indicates that settled dust reflects the microbial composition of indoor air and responds similarly to environmental determinants. Reservoir dusts tend to predict better microbial levels in indoor air and are more reproducible. Sampling strategies in indoor studies need to be developed based on the study questions and may need to rely on more than one type of sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K Leppänen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O.Box 95, Kuopio 70701, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O.Box 95, Kuopio 70701, Finland
| | | | - Asko Vepsäläinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O.Box 95, Kuopio 70701, Finland
| | - Pertti Pasanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O.Box 95, Kuopio 70701, Finland
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30
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Järvi K, Hyvärinen A, Täubel M, Karvonen AM, Turunen M, Jalkanen K, Patovirta R, Syrjänen T, Pirinen J, Salonen H, Nevalainen A, Pekkanen J. Microbial growth in building material samples and occupants' health in severely moisture-damaged homes. Indoor Air 2018; 28:287-297. [PMID: 29151276 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is no commonly approved approach to detect and quantify the health-relevant microbial exposure in moisture-damaged buildings. In 39 single-family homes with severe moisture damage, we studied whether concentrations of viable microbes in building material samples are associated with health among 71 adults and 68 children, and assessed with symptoms questionnaires, exhaled NO, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability. Symptoms were grouped into three scores: upper respiratory symptoms, lower respiratory symptoms, and general symptoms. The homes were divided into three groups based on viable counts of fungi, actinomycetes, and total bacteria cultivated from building material samples. Highest group of actinomycete counts was associated with more general symptoms, worse perceived health, and higher daily PEF variability (aOR 12.51; 1.10-141.90 as compared to the lowest group) among adults, and with an increase in lower respiratory symptoms in children, but the confidence intervals were wide. We observed significant associations of fungal counts and total microbial score with worse perceived health in adults. No associations with exhaled NO were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Järvi
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Karvonen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Turunen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - K Jalkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Patovirta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T Syrjänen
- The Organisation for Respiratory Health in Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Pirinen
- The Organisation for Respiratory Health in Finland, Helsinki, Finland
- Ministry of Environment, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Salonen
- School of Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - A Nevalainen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Pekkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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31
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Pekkanen J, Valkonen M, Täubel M, Tischer C, Leppänen H, Kärkkäinen PM, Rintala H, Zock JP, Casas L, Probst-Hensch N, Forsberg B, Holm M, Janson C, Pin I, Gislason T, Jarvis D, Heinrich J, Hyvärinen A. Indoor bacteria and asthma in adults: a multicentre case-control study within ECRHS II. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/2/1701241. [PMID: 29437937 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01241-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Both protective and adverse effects of indoor microbial exposure on asthma have been reported, but mostly in children. To date, no study in adults has used non-targeted methods for detection of indoor bacteria followed by quantitative confirmation.A cross-sectional study of 198 asthmatic and 199 controls was conducted within the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) II. DNA was extracted from mattress dust for bacterial analysis using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Selected bands were sequenced and associations with asthma confirmed with four quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays.15 out of 37 bands detected with DGGE, which had at least a suggestive association (p<0.25) with asthma, were sequenced. Of the four targeted qPCRs, Clostridium cluster XI confirmed the protective association with asthma. The association was dose dependent (aOR 0.43 (95% CI 0.22-0.84) for the fourth versus first quartile, p for trend 0.009) and independent of other microbial markers. Few significant associations were observed for the three other qPCRs used.In this large international study, the level of Clostridium cluster XI was independently associated with a lower risk of prevalent asthma. Results suggest the importance of environmental bacteria also in adult asthma, but need to be confirmed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Pekkanen
- Dept of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland .,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Living Environment and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Valkonen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Living Environment and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland.,Dept of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Living Environment and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christina Tischer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hanna Leppänen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Living Environment and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi M Kärkkäinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Living Environment and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Helena Rintala
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Living Environment and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Casas
- Centre for Environment and Health - Dept of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Dept of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Dept of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mathias Holm
- Dept of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Dept of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Pin
- CHU de Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital (E7), Reykjavik, Iceland.,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Debbie Jarvis
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.,MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximillians University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Dept of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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32
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Hyytiäinen HK, Jayaprakash B, Kirjavainen PV, Saari SE, Holopainen R, Keskinen J, Hämeri K, Hyvärinen A, Boor BE, Täubel M. Crawling-induced floor dust resuspension affects the microbiota of the infant breathing zone. Microbiome 2018; 6:25. [PMID: 29394954 PMCID: PMC5797336 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Floor dust is commonly used for microbial determinations in epidemiological studies to estimate early-life indoor microbial exposures. Resuspension of floor dust and its impact on infant microbial exposure is, however, little explored. The aim of our study was to investigate how floor dust resuspension induced by an infant's crawling motion and an adult walking affects infant inhalation exposure to microbes. RESULTS We conducted controlled chamber experiments with a simplified mechanical crawling infant robot and an adult volunteer walking over carpeted flooring. We applied bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR to monitor the infant breathing zone microbial content and compared that to the adult breathing zone and the carpet dust as the source. During crawling, fungal and bacterial levels were, on average, 8- to 21-fold higher in the infant breathing zone compared to measurements from the adult breathing zone. During walking experiments, the increase in microbial levels in the infant breathing zone was far less pronounced. The correlation in rank orders of microbial levels in the carpet dust and the corresponding infant breathing zone sample varied between different microbial groups but was mostly moderate. The relative abundance of bacterial taxa was characteristically distinct in carpet dust and infant and adult breathing zones during the infant crawling experiments. Bacterial diversity in carpet dust and the infant breathing zone did not correlate significantly. CONCLUSIONS The microbiota in the infant breathing zone differ in absolute quantitative and compositional terms from that of the adult breathing zone and of floor dust. Crawling induces resuspension of floor dust from carpeted flooring, creating a concentrated and localized cloud of microbial content around the infant. Thus, the microbial exposure of infants following dust resuspension is difficult to predict based on common house dust or bulk air measurements. Improved approaches for the assessment of infant microbial exposure, such as sampling at the infant breathing zone level, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi K. Hyytiäinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Pirkka V. Kirjavainen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sampo E. Saari
- Aerosol Physics Unit, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rauno Holopainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma Keskinen
- Aerosol Physics Unit, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaarle Hämeri
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brandon E. Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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33
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Abstract
The global increase in the prevalence of asthma has been related to several risk factors; many of them linked to the "westernization" process and the characteristics of the indoor microbial environment during early life may play an important role. Living in moisture damaged homes contributes to the exacerbation and development of asthma. However, living in homes with a rich variety and high levels of microbes (e.g., traditional farming environments) may confer protection. While the results of previous research are rather consistent when it comes to observation/report of indoor moisture damage or when comparing farming versus non-farming homes, when actual measures targeting indoor microbial exposure are included, the picture becomes less clear and the associations appear inconsistent. This may partly be due to limitations of sampling and measurement techniques that make comparisons difficult and provide an incomplete picture of the indoor microbial environment and in particular also human exposure. In this regard, new generation sequencing techniques represent a potential revolution in better understanding the impact of the indoor microbiome on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Casas
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Christina Tischer
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Täubel
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
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34
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Wu T, Täubel M, Holopainen R, Viitanen AK, Vainiotalo S, Tuomi T, Keskinen J, Hyvärinen A, Hämeri K, Saari SE, Boor BE. Infant and Adult Inhalation Exposure to Resuspended Biological Particulate Matter. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:237-247. [PMID: 29144737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Human-induced resuspension of floor dust is a dynamic process that can serve as a major indoor source of biological particulate matter (bioPM). Inhalation exposure to the microbial and allergenic content of indoor dust is associated with adverse and protective health effects. This study evaluates infant and adult inhalation exposures and respiratory tract deposited dose rates of resuspended bioPM from carpets. Chamber experiments were conducted with a robotic crawling infant and an adult performing a walking sequence. Breathing zone (BZ) size distributions of resuspended fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAPs), a bioPM proxy, were monitored in real-time. FBAP exposures were highly transient during periods of locomotion. Both crawling and walking delivered a significant number of resuspended FBAPs to the BZ, with concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2 cm-3 (mass range: ∼50 to 600 μg/m3). Infants and adults are primarily exposed to a unimodal FBAP size distribution between 2 and 6 μm, with infants receiving greater exposures to super-10 μm FBAPs. In just 1 min of crawling or walking, 103-104 resuspended FBAPs can deposit in the respiratory tract, with an infant receiving much of their respiratory tract deposited dose in their lower airways. Per kg body mass, an infant will receive a nearly four times greater respiratory tract deposited dose of resuspended FBAPs compared to an adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Wu
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University , 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University , 177 South Russell Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Martin Täubel
- National Institute for Health and Welfare , P.O. Box 95, Kuopio, FI 70701, Finland
| | - Rauno Holopainen
- Oulu University of Applied Sciences , P.O. Box 222, Oulu, FI 90101, Finland
| | - Anna-Kaisa Viitanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , P.O. Box 40, Helsinki, FI 00250, Finland
| | - Sinikka Vainiotalo
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , P.O. Box 40, Helsinki, FI 00250, Finland
| | - Timo Tuomi
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , P.O. Box 40, Helsinki, FI 00250, Finland
| | - Jorma Keskinen
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology , P.O. Box 692, Tampere, FI 33101, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare , P.O. Box 95, Kuopio, FI 70701, Finland
| | - Kaarle Hämeri
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, Helsinki, FI 00014, Finland
| | - Sampo E Saari
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology , P.O. Box 692, Tampere, FI 33101, Finland
| | - Brandon E Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University , 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Ray W. Herrick Laboratories, Center for High Performance Buildings, Purdue University , 177 South Russell Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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35
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Shorter C, Crane J, Pierse N, Barnes P, Kang J, Wickens K, Douwes J, Stanley T, Täubel M, Hyvärinen A, Howden-Chapman P. Indoor visible mold and mold odor are associated with new-onset childhood wheeze in a dose-dependent manner. Indoor Air 2018; 28:6-15. [PMID: 28779500 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that indoor dampness and mold are associated with the development of asthma. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. New Zealand has high rates of both asthma and indoor mold and is ideally placed to investigate this. We conducted an incident case-control study involving 150 children with new-onset wheeze, aged between 1 and 7 years, each matched to two control children with no history of wheezing. Each participant's home was assessed for moisture damage, condensation, and mold growth by researchers, an independent building assessor and parents. Repeated measures of temperature and humidity were made, and electrostatic dust cloths were used to collect airborne microbes. Cloths were analyzed using qPCR. Children were skin prick tested for aeroallergens to establish atopy. Strong positive associations were found between observations of visible mold and new-onset wheezing in children (adjusted odds ratios ranged between 1.30 and 3.56; P ≤ .05). Visible mold and mold odor were consistently associated with new-onset wheezing in a dose-dependent manner. Measurements of qPCR microbial levels, temperature, and humidity were not associated with new-onset wheezing. The association between mold and new-onset wheeze was not modified by atopic status, suggesting a non-allergic association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Shorter
- Wellington Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Julian Crane
- Wellington Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nevil Pierse
- He Kainga Oranga/Housing and Health Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Phillipa Barnes
- Wellington Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Janice Kang
- Wellington Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kristin Wickens
- Wellington Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Thorsten Stanley
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Philippa Howden-Chapman
- He Kainga Oranga/Housing and Health Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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36
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Valkonen M, Täubel M, Pekkanen J, Tischer C, Rintala H, Zock JP, Casas L, Probst-Hensch N, Forsberg B, Holm M, Janson C, Pin I, Gislason T, Jarvis D, Heinrich J, Hyvärinen A. Microbial characteristics in homes of asthmatic and non-asthmatic adults in the ECRHS cohort. Indoor Air 2018; 28:16-27. [PMID: 28960492 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial exposures in homes of asthmatic adults have been rarely investigated; specificities and implications for respiratory health are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate associations of microbial levels with asthma status, asthma symptoms, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and atopy. Mattress dust samples of 199 asthmatics and 198 control subjects from 7 European countries participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II study were analyzed for fungal and bacterial cell wall components and individual taxa. We observed trends for protective associations of higher levels of mostly bacterial markers. Increased levels of muramic acid, a cell wall component predominant in Gram-positive bacteria, tended to be inversely associated with asthma (OR's for different quartiles: II 0.71 [0.39-1.30], III 0.44 [0.23-0.82], and IV 0.60 [0.31-1.18] P for trend .07) and with asthma score (P for trend .06) and with atopy (P for trend .02). These associations were more pronounced in northern Europe. This study among adults across Europe supports a potential protective effect of Gram-positive bacteria in mattress dust and points out that this may be more pronounced in areas where microbial exposure levels are generally lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valkonen
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Täubel
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Pekkanen
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Tischer
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Rintala
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J-P Zock
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Casas
- Centre for Environment and Health - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Probst-Hensch
- Head Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - B Forsberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Holm
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Pin
- CHU de Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U 1209, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - T Gislason
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital (E7), Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - D Jarvis
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - J Heinrich
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximillians University Munich, Member of German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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37
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Al-Hunaiti A, Arar S, Täubel M, Wraith D, Maragkidou A, Hyvärinen A, Hussein T. Floor dust bacteria and fungi and their coexistence with PAHs in Jordanian indoor environments. Sci Total Environ 2017; 601-602:940-945. [PMID: 28582739 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Floor dust samples were collected from Jordanian indoor environments (eight dwellings and an educational building) in Amman. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyses of selected fungal and bacterial groups were performed. The bacterial and fungal concentrations were also correlated with PAHs concentrations, which were previously measured in the same samples by using GC-MS. The bacterial and fungal concentrations varied significantly among and within the tested indoor environments. Based on the collected samples in the entrance area of the dwellings, the largest variation was found in Gram-negative bacteria and total fungi concentration. The lowest bacterial and fungal concentrations were found in the dwelling that was least occupied and the most recently built. At the educational building, the Gram-positive bacteria concentrations were lower than those observed in the dwellings. Unlike for bacteria, we observed significant negative correlation with some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This calls for further studies investigating biodegradation of PAHs in house dust and presence of potentially health hazardous PAH metabolites. Since biocontamination in floor dust has been given relatively little to no attention in the MENA region we recommend that more extensive measurements be conducted in the future with chemical and biological analysis of floor dust contaminants and their exposure indoors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharif Arar
- The University of Jordan, Department of Chemistry, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Martin Täubel
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Department of Health Protection Living Environment and Health Unit, PL 95, FI -70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Darren Wraith
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove 4059, Queensland, Australia
| | - Androniki Maragkidou
- University of Helsinki, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, PL 48, FI 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Department of Health Protection Living Environment and Health Unit, PL 95, FI -70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tareq Hussein
- The University of Jordan, Department of Physics, Amman 11942, Jordan.
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38
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Jayaprakash B, Adams RI, Kirjavainen P, Karvonen A, Vepsäläinen A, Valkonen M, Järvi K, Sulyok M, Pekkanen J, Hyvärinen A, Täubel M. Indoor microbiota in severely moisture damaged homes and the impact of interventions. Microbiome 2017; 5:138. [PMID: 29029638 PMCID: PMC5640920 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited understanding of microbial characteristics in moisture-damaged buildings impedes efforts to clarify which adverse health effects in the occupants are associated with the damage and to develop effective building intervention strategies. The objectives of this current study were (i) to characterize fungal and bacterial microbiota in house dust of severely moisture-damaged residences, (ii) to identify microbial taxa associated with moisture damage renovations, and (iii) to test whether the associations between the identified taxa and moisture damage are replicable in another cohort of homes. We applied bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS amplicon sequencing complemented with quantitative PCR and chemical-analytical approaches to samples of house dust, and also performed traditional cultivation of bacteria and fungi from building material samples. RESULTS Active microbial growth on building materials had significant though small influence on the house dust bacterial and fungal communities. Moisture damage interventions-including actual renovation of damaged homes and cases where families moved to another home-had only a subtle effect on bacterial community structure, seen as shifts in abundance weighted bacterial profiles after intervention. While bacterial and fungal species richness were reduced in homes that were renovated, they were not reduced for families that moved houses. Using different discriminant analysis tools, we were able identify taxa that were significantly reduced in relative abundance during renovation of moisture damage. For bacteria, the majority of candidates belonged to different families within the Actinomycetales order. Results for fungi were overall less consistent. A replication study in approximately 400 homes highlighted some of the identified taxa, confirming associations with observations of moisture damage and mold. CONCLUSIONS The present study is one of the first studies to analyze changes in microbiota due to moisture damage interventions using high-throughput sequencing. Our results suggest that effects of moisture damage and moisture damage interventions may appear as changes in the abundance of individual, less common, and especially bacterial taxa, rather than in overall community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel I. Adams
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California USA
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California USA
| | - Pirkka Kirjavainen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Karvonen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Asko Vepsäläinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Valkonen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Järvi
- School of Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, (BOKU), Vienna, Tulln Austria
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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39
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Tirkkonen J, Täubel M, Leppänen H, Peltonen M, Lindsley W, Chen BT, Hyvärinen A, Hirvonen MR, Huttunen K. Toxicity of airborne dust as an indicator of moisture problems in school buildings. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:75-81. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1296511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Tirkkonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Protection, Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna Leppänen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Protection, Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Peltonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Protection, Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - William Lindsley
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WA, USA
| | - Bean T. Chen
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WA, USA
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Protection, Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija-Riitta Hirvonen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Huttunen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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40
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Casas L, Espinosa A, Pekkanen J, Asikainen A, Borràs-Santos A, Jacobs J, Krop EJM, Täubel M, Hyvärinen A, Heederik D, Zock JP. School attendance and daily respiratory symptoms in children: influence of moisture damage. Indoor Air 2017; 27:303-310. [PMID: 27224645 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of weekends and school holidays on the daily frequency and severity of respiratory and other symptoms among children attending schools with (index) or without (reference) moisture damage in Spain, the Netherlands, and Finland. Throughout 1 year, parents of 419 children with a respiratory condition attending index (n=15) or reference (n=10) primary schools completed three symptom diaries. We assessed associations between lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract or allergy, and other symptom scores and school day, weekend, or summer holiday using mixed regression models stratified by country and moisture damage. We evaluated interactions between moisture damage and type of day. We combined country-specific estimates (incidence rate ratios [IRRs] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) in meta-analyses. Symptom scores were lower during weekends and holiday. Lower respiratory tract symptoms were statistically significantly less common during holiday with strongest effect in index schools (IRR=0.7; CI=0.6-0.8). Reporting of other symptoms was more reduced during holiday in index (IRR=0.6; CI=0.4-0.9) than in reference (IRR=0.95; CI=0.8-1.2) schools (interaction P<.01). In conclusion, symptoms were less frequent and/or severe during summer holiday and weekends. This pattern was stronger among children attending moisture-damaged schools, suggesting potential improvement in moisture damage-related symptoms during school breaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Casas
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care-Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Espinosa
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Pekkanen
- Department Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Asikainen
- Department Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Borràs-Santos
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Respiratorio (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Jacobs
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E J M Krop
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Täubel
- Department Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Department Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - D Heederik
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J-P Zock
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
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41
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Mensah-Attipoe J, Täubel M, Hernandez M, Pitkäranta M, Reponen T. An emerging paradox: Toward a better understanding of the potential benefits and adversity of microbe exposures in the indoor environment. Indoor Air 2017; 27:3-5. [PMID: 28025873 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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42
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Korkalainen M, Täubel M, Naarala J, Kirjavainen P, Koistinen A, Hyvärinen A, Komulainen H, Viluksela M. Synergistic proinflammatory interactions of microbial toxins and structural components characteristic to moisture-damaged buildings. Indoor Air 2017; 27:13-23. [PMID: 26806918 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Indoor exposure to microbes and their structural and metabolic compounds is notoriously complex. To study proinflammatory interactions between the multiple microbial agents, macrophages derived from human THP-1 monocytic cells were exposed to several concentrations of microbial toxins alone (emodin, enniatin B, physcion, sterigmatocystin, valinomycin) and in combination with microbial structural components (bacterial lipopolysaccharide [LPS] or fungal β-glucan). While the expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β to single toxins alone was modest, low-dose co-exposure with structural components increased the responses of emodin, enniatin B, and valinomycin synergistically, both at the mRNA and protein level, as measured by RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Co-exposure of toxins and β-glucan resulted in consistent synergistically increased expression of several inflammation-related genes, while some of the responses with LPS were also inhibitory. Co-exposure of toxins with either β-glucan or LPS induced also mitochondrial damage and autophagocytosis. The results demonstrate that microbial toxins together with bacterial and fungal structural components characteristic to moisture-damaged buildings can have drastic synergistic proinflammatory interactions at low exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Korkalainen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Täubel
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Naarala
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - P Kirjavainen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Koistinen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Komulainen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Viluksela
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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43
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Viegas C, Viegas S, Gomes A, Täubel M, Sabino R. Indoor Microbial Aerosol and Its Health Effects: Microbial Exposure in Public Buildings – Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi. Exposure to Microbiological Agents in Indoor and Occupational Environments 2017. [PMCID: PMC7123258 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-61688-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of aerosolization of microorganisms, composition and dynamics of microbioaerosol are characterized. As well as methods of its detection, incl. modern equipment set-ups and sampling procedures recommended are outlined. Medical impact of (indoor) air disperged viral, bacterial and fungal propagules (allergies, intoxications, infections), together with the related European legislation is summarized. An overview of real mycoaerosol conditions in our dwellings and their outdoors with different microclimate, settlement and building types, household characteristics and health state of occupants is given, too. Finally, examples of several possible health damages due to exposition to (aerosolized) fungal toxicants in vitro and in vivo are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Viegas
- Lisbon School of Health Technology Environment and Health RG, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Viegas
- Lisbon School of Health Technology Environment and Health RG, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anita Gomes
- Lisbon School of Health Technology Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department Health Protection, National Institute for Health & Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raquel Sabino
- National Health Institute Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
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44
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Mensah-Attipoe J, Reponen T, Veijalainen AM, Rintala H, Täubel M, Rantakokko P, Ying J, Hyvärinen A, Pasanen P. Comparison of methods for assessing temporal variation of growth of fungi on building materials. Microbiology (Reading) 2016; 162:1895-1903. [PMID: 27655355 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fungal growth on indoor surfaces can decay building materials and release hazardous substances that affect indoor air quality. Despite the numerous methods available for growth determination, there is no commonly accepted standard. The goal of this study was to compare five different assay methods for the measurement of fungal growth: cultivation, MS-based determination of ergosterol, beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity, quantitative PCR and microscopic spore counting. Three fungal species (Aspergillus puulaauensis, Cladosporium montecillanum and Penicillium polonicum) were grown on three different building materials (two types of acoustic board and wood). Fungal load was determined at different time points. Results from all of the methods, except the spore count, showed good correlation between each other (r=0.6-0.8). Results obtained with the cultivation method had the highest variability among replicate samples (65 %), making it the least reproducible in repeated measurements. However, it also displayed the highest variability in incubation times (149 %), indicating its suitability for detecting transient changes in the physiological state of cells. Similar to the cultivation method, quantitative PCR correlated well with the other methods and had high variability in incubation times but had lower variability among replicate samples. Ergosterol and beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase enzyme activity seemed to be the methods least dependent on the physiological state of the cells. Varying growth dynamics were observed for different species over time with the different assay methods. Each one of the tests provides a different perspective on fungal quantification due to its specific responses to the various stages of fungal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Mensah-Attipoe
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anna-Maria Veijalainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pertti Pasanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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45
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Tirkkonen J, Täubel M, Hirvonen MR, Leppänen H, Lindsley WG, Chen BT, Hyvärinen A, Huttunen K. Evaluation of sampling methods for toxicological testing of indoor air particulate matter. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:500-7. [PMID: 27569522 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2016.1210702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for toxicity tests capable of recognizing indoor environments with compromised air quality, especially in the context of moisture damage. One of the key issues is sampling, which should both provide meaningful material for analyses and fulfill requirements imposed by practitioners using toxicity tests for health risk assessment. We aimed to evaluate different existing methods of sampling indoor particulate matter (PM) to develop a suitable sampling strategy for a toxicological assay. During three sampling campaigns in moisture-damaged and non-damaged school buildings, we evaluated one passive and three active sampling methods: the Settled Dust Box (SDB), the Button Aerosol Sampler, the Harvard Impactor and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Bioaerosol Cyclone Sampler. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were exposed to particle suspensions and cell metabolic activity (CMA), production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) were determined after 24 h of exposure. The repeatability of the toxicological analyses was very good for all tested sampler types. Variability within the schools was found to be high especially between different classrooms in the moisture-damaged school. Passively collected settled dust and PM collected actively with the NIOSH Sampler (Stage 1) caused a clear response in exposed cells. The results suggested the higher relative immunotoxicological activity of dust from the moisture-damaged school. The NIOSH Sampler is a promising candidate for the collection of size-fractionated PM to be used in toxicity testing. The applicability of such sampling strategy in grading moisture damage severity in buildings needs to be developed further in a larger cohort of buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Tirkkonen
- a Department of Environmental Science , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- a Department of Environmental Science , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland .,b Department of Health Protection , Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Kuopio , Finland , and
| | - Maija-Riitta Hirvonen
- a Department of Environmental Science , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland .,b Department of Health Protection , Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Kuopio , Finland , and
| | - Hanna Leppänen
- a Department of Environmental Science , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland .,b Department of Health Protection , Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Kuopio , Finland , and
| | - William G Lindsley
- c National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Bean T Chen
- c National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- b Department of Health Protection , Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare , Kuopio , Finland , and
| | - Kati Huttunen
- a Department of Environmental Science , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
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46
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Kirjavainen PV, Täubel M, Karvonen AM, Sulyok M, Tiittanen P, Krska R, Hyvärinen A, Pekkanen J. Microbial secondary metabolites in homes in association with moisture damage and asthma. Indoor Air 2016; 26:448-456. [PMID: 25913237 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to characterize the presence of microbial secondary metabolites in homes and their association with moisture damage, mold, and asthma development. Living room floor dust was analyzed by LC-MS/MS for 333 secondary metabolites from 93 homes of 1-year-old children. Moisture damage was present in 15 living rooms. At 6 years, 8 children had active and 15 lifetime doctor-diagnosed asthma. The median number of different metabolites per house was 17 (range 8-29) and median sum load 65 (4-865) ng/m(2) . Overall 42 different metabolites were detected. The number of metabolites present tended to be higher in homes with mold odor or moisture damage. The higher sum loads and number of metabolites with loads over 10 ng/m(2) were associated with lower prevalence of active asthma at 6 years (aOR 0.06 (95% CI <0.001-0.96) and 0.05 (<0.001-0.56), respectively). None of the individual metabolites, which presence tended (P < 0.2) to be increased by moisture damage or mold, were associated with increased risk of asthma. Microbial secondary metabolites are ubiquitously present in home floor dust. Moisture damage and mold tend to increase their numbers and amount. There was no evidence indicating that the secondary metabolites determined would explain the association between moisture damage, mold, and the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Kirjavainen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Täubel
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Karvonen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Sulyok
- Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Tiittanen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Krska
- Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Pekkanen
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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47
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Huttunen K, Tirkkonen J, Täubel M, Krop E, Mikkonen S, Pekkanen J, Heederik D, Zock JP, Hyvärinen A, Hirvonen MR. Inflammatory potential in relation to the microbial content of settled dust samples collected from moisture-damaged and reference schools: results of HITEA study. Indoor Air 2016; 26:380-390. [PMID: 25967114 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to identify factors causing the adverse health effects associated with moisture-damaged indoor environments, we analyzed immunotoxicological potential of settled dust from moisture-damaged and reference schools in relation to their microbiological composition. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were exposed to settled dust samples (n = 25) collected from moisture-damaged and reference schools in Spain, the Netherlands, and Finland. After exposure, we analyzed production of inflammatory markers [nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-)α, interleukin (IL)-6, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)2] as well as mitochondrial activity, viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, particle counts, concentration of selected microbial groups as well as chemical markers such as ergosterol, 3-hydroxy fatty acids, muramic acid, endotoxins, and glucans were measured as markers of exposure. Dust from moisture-damaged schools in Spain and the Netherlands induced stronger immunotoxicological responses compared to samples from reference schools; the responses to Finnish samples were generally lower with no difference between the schools. In multivariate analysis, IL-6 and apoptosis responses were most strongly associated with moisture status of the school. The measured responses correlated with several microbial markers and numbers of particles, but the most important predictor of the immunotoxicological potential of settled dust was muramic acid concentration, a marker of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huttunen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Tirkkonen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Täubel
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - E Krop
- Division Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - S Mikkonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Pekkanen
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D Heederik
- Division Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J-P Zock
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Hyvärinen
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M-R Hirvonen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
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48
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Abstract
House dust is a complex mixture of inorganic and organic material with microbes in abundance. Few microbial species are actually able to grow and proliferate in dust and only if enough moisture is provided. Hence, most of the microbial content originates from sources other than the dust itself. The most important sources of microbes in house dust are outdoor air and other outdoor material tracked into the buildings, occupants of the buildings including pets and microbial growth on moist construction materials. Based on numerous cultivation studies, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and about 20 other fungal genera are the most commonly isolated genera from house dust. The cultivable bacterial flora is dominated by Gram-positive genera, such as Staplylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Lactococcus. Culture-independent studies have shown that both the fungal and the bacterial flora are far more diverse, with estimates of up to 500-1000 different species being present in house dust. Concentrations of microbes in house dust vary from nondetectable to 10(9) cells g(-1) dust, depending on the dust type, detection method, type of the indoor environment and season, among other factors. Microbial assemblages in different house dust types usually share the same core species; however, alterations in the composition are caused by differing sources of microbes for different dust types. For example, mattress dust is dominated by species originating from the user of the mattress, whereas floor dust reflects rather outdoor sources. Farming homes contain higher microbial load than urban homes and according to a recent study, temperate climate zones show higher dust microbial diversity than tropical zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Rintala
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 95, Kuopio, Finland.
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Casas L, Espinosa A, Borràs-Santos A, Jacobs J, Krop E, Heederik D, Nemery B, Pekkanen J, Hyvärinen A, Täubel M, Zock JP. Author response to Dr Wise's letter. Occup Environ Med 2016; 73:215-6. [PMID: 26858098 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-103255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Casas
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Espinosa
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Borràs-Santos
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Jacobs
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esmeralda Krop
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Heederik
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Hyvärinen
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martin Täubel
- Department of Health Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
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50
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Abstract
The Sloan Symposium, "Microbiology of the Indoor Environment," was held to facilitate dialog on biological research between scientists and practitioners in the field which was complementary to the adjoining activities of the ISIAQ Healthy Buildings Europe conference, Eindhoven, Netherlands, on 20-21 May 2015. Multi-media archives of these special adjunct proceedings are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hal Levin
- Building Ecology Research Group, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Martin Täubel
- Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Mark Hernandez
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
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