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Wu J, Xu X, Zhang S, Li M, Qiu Y, Lu G, Zheng Z, Huang H. Plastic Events of the Vestibular Nucleus: the Initiation of Central Vestibular Compensation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04208-2. [PMID: 38689145 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Vestibular compensation is a physiological response of the vestibular organs within the inner ear. This adaptation manifests during consistent exposure to acceleration or deceleration, with the vestibular organs incrementally adjusting to such changes. The molecular underpinnings of vestibular compensation remain to be fully elucidated, yet emerging studies implicate associations with neuroplasticity and signal transduction pathways. Throughout the compensation process, the vestibular sensory neurons maintain signal transmission to the central equilibrium system, facilitating adaptability through alterations in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. Notable molecular candidates implicated in this process include variations in ion channels and neurotransmitter profiles, as well as neuronal and synaptic plasticity, metabolic processes, and electrophysiological modifications. This study consolidates the current understanding of the molecular events in vestibular compensation, augments the existing research landscape, and evaluates contemporary therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, this review posits potential avenues for future research that could enhance our comprehension of vestibular compensation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Minping Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuemin Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Gengxin Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhihui Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haiwei Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Tesfaye E, Getnet M, Anmut Bitew D, Adugna DG, Maru L. Brain functional connectivity in hyperthyroid patients: systematic review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1383355. [PMID: 38726033 PMCID: PMC11080614 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1383355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Functional connectivity (FC) is the correlation between brain regions' activities, studied through neuroimaging techniques like fMRI. It helps researchers understand brain function, organization, and dysfunction. Hyperthyroidism, characterized by high serum levels of free thyroxin and suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone, can lead to mood disturbance, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric symptoms. Excessive thyroid hormone exposure can enhance neuronal death and decrease brain volume, affecting memory, attention, emotion, vision, and motor planning. Methods We conducted thorough searches across Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari, and Science Direct to locate pertinent articles containing original data investigating FC measures in individuals diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Results The systematic review identified 762 articles, excluding duplicates and non-matching titles and abstracts. Four full-text articles were included in this review. In conclusion, a strong bilateral hippocampal connection in hyperthyroid individuals suggests a possible neurobiological influence on brain networks that may affect cognitive and emotional processing. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO, CRD42024516216.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephrem Tesfaye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Mihret Getnet
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Desalegn Anmut Bitew
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Lemlemu Maru
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Roa Dueñas OH, Hofman A, Luik AI, Medici M, Peeters RP, Chaker L. The Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Association Between Thyroid Function and Depression: A Population-Based Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1389-e1399. [PMID: 37855318 PMCID: PMC11031221 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT An association of thyroid function with mood disorders has been widely suggested, but very few studies have examined this association longitudinally. OBJECTIVE We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between thyroid function and depression in a population-based cohort. METHODS A total of 9471 individuals were included in cross-sectional analyses, of whom 8366 had longitudinal data. At baseline, we assessed thyroid function using serum samples (thyrotropin [TSH], free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies) and depressive symptoms using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Incident depressive events (n = 1366) were continuously followed up with the CES-D and clinical interviews. We analyzed the cross-sectional association of thyroid function and thyroid disease with depressive symptoms using linear and logistic regression, and the longitudinal association with Cox proportional hazard models for depressive events. RESULTS Lower TSH levels and lower and higher FT4 levels were cross-sectionally associated with more depressive symptoms with a B value of -0.07 per 1 unit increase of natural log-transformed TSH (95% CI -0.11; -0.04). Furthermore, hypothyroidism was cross-sectionally associated with less depressive symptoms and hyperthyroidism with more depressive symptoms. Longitudinally, there was a U-shaped association between FT4 and incident depressive events but only in euthyroid participants. CONCLUSION We show a cross-sectional association between thyroid (dys)function with depressive symptoms, and a U-shaped association between FT4 and incident depressive events in euthyroid individuals. Our findings suggest an association of thyroid function with the risk of developing depression, albeit small. Reverse causation and additional underlying factors may also contribute to the association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Trimbos Institute—The Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, 3521 VS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Medici
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Rechtman A, Zveik O, Haham N, Freidman-Korn T, Vaknin-Dembinsky A. Thyroid hormone dysfunction in MOGAD and other demyelinating diseases. J Neurol Sci 2024; 457:122866. [PMID: 38242048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.122866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones play a critical role in both neuronal and glial cell functions. Multiple sclerosis (MS) has increased co-occurrence with autoimmune thyroid diseases, and recent studies have suggested a potential link between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and thyroid hormones. However, no previous studies have examined the relationship between thyroid hormones and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated demyelination (MOGAD). METHODS We investigated the role of thyroid hormones in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune demyelinating diseases in 26 MOGAD patients, 52 NMOSD patients, 167 patients with MS, and 16 patients with other noninflammatory neurological disorders. Thyroid hormone levels and clinical data (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]) were analyzed. Volumetric brain information was determined in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the MDbrain platform. RESULTS MOGAD patients had significantly higher levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) compared to NMOSD patients. No correlation was found between FT3 levels and disease severity or brain volume. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels did not differ significantly between the groups, but in NMOSD patients, higher TSH levels were associated with lower disability scores and increased brain volume. No significant differences in free thyroxine (FT4) levels were observed between the different groups, however, FT4 levels were significantly higher in relapsing versus monophasic MOGAD patients and increased FT4 levels were associated with a higher EDSS and lower brain volume in NMOSD patients. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential involvement of thyroid hormones specifically in MOGAD patients and other demyelinating CNS disorders. Understanding the role of thyroid hormones in relapsing vs monophasic MOGAD patients and in comparison to other demyelinating disorder could lead to the development of therapeutic interventions. Further studies are needed to explore the precise mechanisms and potential interventions targeting the thyroid axis as a treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Rechtman
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omri Zveik
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nitsan Haham
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tal Freidman-Korn
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and the Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem, Israel.
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Tian Y, Shi XQ, Shui JW, Liu XY, Bu Y, Liu Y, Yin LP. Exploring the causal factor effects of hypothyroidism on ischemic stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1322472. [PMID: 38361639 PMCID: PMC10868650 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1322472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have suggested a possible association between hypothyroidism and increased risk of ischemic stroke. However, a causal relationship remains unclear. Methods Data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke were sourced from the FinnGens database and the UK Biobank of European descent. Both databases underwent separate two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. A subsequent meta-analysis of MR results using a random-effects model was conducted to determine the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke. Results All five analyses indicated a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke. MR analysis of the association between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke yielded a result of the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method at 4.7411 (1.3598-16.5308), p = 0.0146. The analysis of ischemic stroke (without excluding controls) yielded a result of the IVW method of 4.5713 (1.3570-15.3986), p = 0.0142. MR analysis with cerebral infarction yielded a result of the IVW method at 1.0110 (1.0006-1.0215), p = 0.0373. The MR analysis with cerebrovascular disease sequelae yielded an IVW method result of 2.4556 (1.0291-5.8595), p = 0.0429. Analysis for the sequelae of cerebrovascular disease (without excluding controls) yielded an IVW method result of 2.4217 (1.0217-5.7402), p = 0.0446. No evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found. The meta-analysis of the five MR results was 2.24 (1.18-4.26), p = 0.025. Conclusion Our two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggested a causal relationship between hypothyroidism and ischemic stroke, indicating that hypothyroidism could be a risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, further studies are required to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Qin Shi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wen Shui
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yu Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Bu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Li Ping Yin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Yatoo MI, Bahader GA, Beigh SA, Khan AM, James AW, Asmi MR, Shah ZA. Neuroprotection or Sex Bias: A Protective Response to Traumatic Brain Injury in the Females. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:906-916. [PMID: 37592792 DOI: 10.2174/1871527323666230817102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major healthcare problem and a common cause of mortality and morbidity. Clinical and preclinical research suggests sex-related differences in short- and longterm outcomes following TBI; however, males have been the main focus of TBI research. Females show a protective response against TBI. Female animals in preclinical studies and women in clinical trials have shown comparatively better outcomes against mild, moderate, or severe TBI. This reflects a favorable protective nature of the females compared to the males, primarily attributed to various protective mechanisms that provide better prognosis and recovery in the females after TBI. Understanding the sex difference in the TBI pathophysiology and the underlying mechanisms remains an elusive goal. In this review, we provide insights into various mechanisms related to the anatomical, physiological, hormonal, enzymatic, inflammatory, oxidative, genetic, or mitochondrial basis that support the protective nature of females compared to males. Furthermore, we sought to outline the evidence of multiple biomarkers that are highly potential in the investigation of TBI's prognosis, pathophysiology, and treatment and which can serve as objective measures and novel targets for individualized therapeutic interventions in TBI treatment. Implementations from this review are important for the understanding of the effect of sex on TBI outcomes and possible mechanisms behind the favorable response in females. It also emphasizes the critical need to include females as a biological variable and in sufficient numbers in future TBI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad I Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ghaith A Bahader
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Shafayat A Beigh
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Adil M Khan
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Antonisamy William James
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Maleha R Asmi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Zahoor A Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Luo S, Wang XR, Yang LJ, Zou LY. FT4-to-FT3 ratio is a novel prognostic marker in subacute combined spinal cord degeneration patients. Transl Neurosci 2024; 15:20220340. [PMID: 38708097 PMCID: PMC11069125 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The FT4-to-FT3 ratio (FFR) variations in patients with subacute combined spinal cord degeneration (SCSD) as a potentially useful prognostic indicator are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the changes of FFR as a potentially valuable prognostic predictor in patients with SCSD. Methods This study included 144 consecutive SCSD patients who received standard diagnostic and therapeutic procedures between January 2015 and December 2021 and were admitted to the Department of Neurology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University. At the time of admission, we gathered data on all patients' demographics, daily routines, previous chronic conditions, medication histories, and other clinical details. For the purpose of measuring FFR, blood samples were specifically taken within 48 h of admission. The degree of neurological impairment of patients was assessed using the functional disability scale at the time of admission. At 6 months following discharge, the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the clinical prognosis. To evaluate the relationship between the FFR and the risks of a poor outcome (mRS > 2), univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized. The significance of the FT4/FT3 ratio in predicting the clinical outcomes in SCSD patients 6 months after discharge was assessed using the area under curve-receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC). Results About 90 patients (62.5%) of the 144 patients had poor outcomes, while 54 (37.5%) had favorable outcomes. Higher FFR at admission was independently linked to higher odds of a poor outcome, according to a logistic analysis. With an optimized cutoff value of >2.843, the FFR exhibited the maximum accuracy for predicting a poor outcome, according to the AUC‒ROC curve (AUC 0.731, P < 0.001; sensitivity, 77.8%; specificity, 83.3%). FFR was identified as an independent predictor of poor outcomes by multivariate logistic regression (OR, 2.244; 95% CI, 1.74-2.90; P < 0.001). Conclusions We discovered that in patients who had a bad result 6 months after discharge, the FFR had dramatically increased at the time of admission, providing a unique prognostic marker in patients with SCSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu233004, China
| | - Xiao-rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu233004, China
| | - Li-juan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu233004, China
| | - Liang-yu Zou
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical University, Jinan University, Shenzhen518020, China
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Fu J, Zhao Q, Li J, Chen X, Peng L. Association between thyroid hormone levels in the acute stage of stroke and risk of poststroke depression: A meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3322. [PMID: 38189637 PMCID: PMC10751399 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones have been indicated to be associated with depression, but their relationship with poststroke depression (PSD) remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the correlation between thyroid hormone levels in acute stroke and PSD. METHODS We searched databases for eligible studies. Standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were applied to evaluate the association among levels of thyroid hormones, including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4), in acute stroke patients and the risk of PSD. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included in the analysis. Compared to non-PSD patients, PSD patients had remarkably lower serum TSH and FT3 levels (TSH: SMD = -0.59, 95%CI = -1.04 to -.15, p = .009; FT3: SMD = -0.40, 95%CI = -.51 to -.30, p = .000) and higher serum FT4 levels (SMD = 0.33, 95%CI = .07-.59, p = .013). Subgroup analysis showed that there may be a more statistically significant association between FT3 and the risk of PSD compared to TSH and FT4. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that patients with lower serum TSH and FT3 levels as well as higher serum FT4 levels in the acute stage of stroke may be more susceptible to PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fu
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou SichuanChina
| | - Jinglun Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Xiu Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou SichuanChina
| | - Lilei Peng
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou SichuanChina
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Abo-Zaid OA, Moawed FS, Taha EF, Ahmed ESA, Kawara RS. Melissa officinalis extract suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the brain of hypothyroidism-induced rats exposed to γ-radiation. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:709-720. [PMID: 37368180 PMCID: PMC10746611 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of Melissa officinalis extract (MEE) against brain damage associated with hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU) and/or γ-radiation (IR) in rats. Hypothyroidism induction and/or exposure to IR resulted in a significant decrease in the serum levels of T3 and T4 associated with increased levels of lipid peroxidation end product, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrites (NO) in the brain tissue homogenate. Also, hypothyroidism and /or exposure to IR markedly enhance the endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating the gene expressions of the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activated transcription factor 6 (ATF6), endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in the brain tissue homogenate associated with a proapoptotic state which indicated by the overexpression of Bax, BCl2, and caspase-12 that culminates in brain damage. Meanwhile, the PTU and /or IR-exposed rats treated with MEE reduced oxidative stress and ERAD through ATF6. Also, the MEE treatment prevented the Bax and caspase-12 gene expression from increasing. This treatment in hypothyroid animals was associated with neuronal protection as indicated by the downregulation in the gene expressions of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain tissue. Furthermore, the administration of MEE ameliorates the histological structure of brain tissue. In conclusion, MEE might prevent hypothyroidism-induced brain damage associated with oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma Ar Abo-Zaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Moshtohor, Banha, Egypt
| | - Fatma Sm Moawed
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
| | - Eman Fs Taha
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa S A Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragaa Sm Kawara
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Moshtohor, Banha, Egypt
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Chakrabarti N, Sarkar PK, Ray AK, Martin JV. Unveiling the nongenomic actions of thyroid hormones in adult mammalian brain: The legacy of Mary B. Dratman. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1240265. [PMID: 37842308 PMCID: PMC10570802 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1240265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive review was conducted to compile the contributions of Mary B. Dratman and studies by other researchers in the field of nongenomic actions of thyroid hormones in adult mammalian brain. Dratman and her collaborators authored roughly half of the papers in this area. It has been almost fifty years since Dratman introduced the novel concept of thyroid hormones as neurotransmitters for the first time. The characterization of unique brain-region specific accumulation of thyroid hormones within the nerve terminals in adult mammals was a remarkable contribution by Dratman. It suggested a neurotransmitter- or neuromodulator-like role of thyroid hormone and/or its derivative, 3-iodothyronamine within adrenergic systems in adult mammalian brain. Several studies by other researchers using synaptosomes as a model system, have contributed to the concept of direct nongenomic actions of thyroid hormones at synaptic regions by establishing that thyroid hormones or their derivatives can bind to synaptosomal membranes, alter membrane functions including enzymatic activities and ion transport, elicit Ca2+/NO-dependent signaling pathways and induce substrate-protein phosphorylation. Such findings can help to explain the physiological and pathophysiological roles of thyroid hormone in psychobehavioral control in adult mammalian brain. However, the exact mode of nongenomic actions of thyroid hormones at nerve terminals in adult mammalian brain awaits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilkanta Chakrabarti
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- (CPEPA-UGC) Centre for Electro-Physiological and Neuroimaging studies including Mathematical Modelling, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip K. Sarkar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Parker University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Arun K. Ray
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VII-M, Kolkata, India
| | - Joseph V. Martin
- Biology Department, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States
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Alcaide Martin A, Mayerl S. Local Thyroid Hormone Action in Brain Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12352. [PMID: 37569727 PMCID: PMC10418487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper brain development essentially depends on the timed availability of sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone (TH). This, in turn, necessitates a tightly regulated expression of TH signaling components such as TH transporters, deiodinases, and TH receptors in a brain region- and cell-specific manner from early developmental stages onwards. Abnormal TH levels during critical stages, as well as mutations in TH signaling components that alter the global and/or local thyroidal state, result in detrimental consequences for brain development and neurological functions that involve alterations in central neurotransmitter systems. Thus, the question as to how TH signaling is implicated in the development and maturation of different neurotransmitter and neuromodulator systems has gained increasing attention. In this review, we first summarize the current knowledge on the regulation of TH signaling components during brain development. We then present recent advances in our understanding on how altered TH signaling compromises the development of cortical glutamatergic neurons, inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons. Thereby, we highlight novel mechanistic insights and point out open questions in this evolving research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steffen Mayerl
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
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12
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Gkantzios A, Karapepera V, Tsiptsios D, Liaptsi E, Christidi F, Gkartzonika E, Karatzetzou S, Kokkotis C, Kyrtsopoulos M, Tsiakiri A, Bebeletsi P, Chaidemenou S, Koutsokostas C, Tsamakis K, Baltzi M, Mpalampanos D, Aggelousis N, Vadikolias K. Investigating the Predictive Value of Thyroid Hormone Levels for Stroke Prognosis. Neurol Int 2023; 15:926-953. [PMID: 37606393 PMCID: PMC10443262 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the expansion of life expectancy, the aging of the population, and the anticipated rise in the number of stroke survivors in Europe with severe neurological consequences in the coming decades, stroke is becoming the most prevalent cause of functional disability. Therefore, the prognosis for a stroke must be timely and precise. Two databases (MEDLINE and Scopus) were searched to identify all relevant studies published between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2022 that investigated the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and acute stroke severity, mortality, and post-hospital prognosis. Only full-text English-language articles were included. This review includes Thirty articles that were traced and incorporated into the present review. Emerging data regarding the potential predictive value of thyroid hormone levels suggests there may be a correlation between low T3 syndrome, subclinical hypothyroidism, and poor stroke outcome, especially in certain age groups. These findings may prove useful for rehabilitation and therapy planning in clinical practice. Serum thyroid hormone concentration measurement is a non-invasive, relatively harmless, and secure screening test that may be useful for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilios Gkantzios
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Vaia Karapepera
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Eirini Liaptsi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Foteini Christidi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Elena Gkartzonika
- School of Philosophy, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Stella Karatzetzou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Christos Kokkotis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Mihail Kyrtsopoulos
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Anna Tsiakiri
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Paschalina Bebeletsi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Sofia Chaidemenou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Christos Koutsokostas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK;
| | - Maria Baltzi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Mpalampanos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Aggelousis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.B.); (D.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.G.); (V.K.); (E.L.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (M.K.); (A.T.); (P.B.); (S.C.); (C.K.); (K.V.)
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13
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Jiang Y, Xie C, Zhang G, Liu M, Xu Y, Zhong W, Ge Z, Tao Z, Qian M, Gong C, Shen X. Establishment of a dynamic nomogram including thyroid function for predicting the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke with standardized treatment. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1139446. [PMID: 37396756 PMCID: PMC10311209 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1139446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Many patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) cannot undergo thrombolysis or thrombectomy because they have missed the time window or do not meet the treatment criteria. In addition, there is a lack of an available tool to predict the prognosis of patients with standardized treatment. This study aimed to develop a dynamic nomogram to predict the 3-month poor outcomes in patients with AIS. Methods This was a retrospective multicenter study. We collected the clinical data of patients with AIS who underwent standardized treatment at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from 1 October 2019 to 31 December 2021 and at the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from 1 January 2022 to 17 July 2022. Baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory information of patients were recorded. The outcome was the 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to select the optimal predictive factors. Multiple logistic regression was performed to establish the nomogram. A decision curve analysis (DCA) was applied to assess the clinical benefit of the nomogram. The calibration and discrimination properties of the nomogram were validated by calibration plots and the concordance index. Results A total of 823 eligible patients were enrolled. The final model included gender (male; OR 0.555; 95% CI, 0.378-0.813), systolic blood pressure (SBP; OR 1.006; 95% CI, 0.996-1.016), free triiodothyronine (FT3; OR 0.841; 95% CI, 0.629-1.124), National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS; OR 18.074; 95% CI, 12.264-27.054), Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST; cardioembolic (OR 0.736; 95% CI, 0.396-1.36); and other subtypes (OR 0.398; 95% CI, 0.257-0.609). The nomogram showed good calibration and discrimination (C-index, 0.858; 95% CI, 0.830-0.886). DCA confirmed the clinical usefulness of the model. The dynamic nomogram can be obtained at the website: predict model (90-day prognosis of AIS patients). Conclusion We established a dynamic nomogram based on gender, SBP, FT3, NIHSS, and TOAST, which calculated the probability of 90-day poor prognosis in AIS patients with standardized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Bengbu Medical College Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chunhui Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Bengbu Medical College Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Mengqian Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Zhonglin Ge
- Department of Neurology, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Zhonghai Tao
- Department of Neurology, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Mingyue Qian
- Department of Neurology, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaozhu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Bengbu Medical College Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
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14
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Rastoldo G, Tighilet B. Thyroid Axis and Vestibular Physiopathology: From Animal Model to Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9826. [PMID: 37372973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent work of our group has shown the significant effects of thyroxine treatment on the restoration of postural balance function in a rodent model of acute peripheral vestibulopathy. Based on these findings, we attempt to shed light in this review on the interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the vestibular system in normal and pathological situations. Pubmed database and relevant websites were searched from inception through to 4 February 2023. All studies relevant to each subsection of this review have been included. After describing the role of thyroid hormones in the development of the inner ear, we investigated the possible link between the thyroid axis and the vestibular system in normal and pathological conditions. The mechanisms and cellular sites of action of thyroid hormones on animal models of vestibulopathy are postulated and therapeutic options are proposed. In view of their pleiotropic action, thyroid hormones represent a target of choice to promote vestibular compensation at different levels. However, very few studies have investigated the relationship between thyroid hormones and the vestibular system. It seems then important to more extensively investigate the link between the endocrine system and the vestibule in order to better understand the vestibular physiopathology and to find new therapeutic leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Rastoldo
- Aix Marseille Université-CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, LNC UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Brahim Tighilet
- Aix Marseille Université-CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, LNC UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille, France
- GDR Vertige CNRS Unité GDR2074, 13331 Marseille, France
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15
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Niedowicz DM, Wang WX, Price DA, Xie K, Patel E, Nelson PT. Impact of thyroid hormone perturbations in adult mice: brain weight and blood vessel changes, gene expression variation, and neurobehavioral outcomes. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 128:74-84. [PMID: 37229849 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models of hyper- and hypothyroidism were used to examine the effects of thyroid hormone (TH) dyshomeostasis on the aging mammalian brain. 13-14 month-old mice were treated for 4months with either levothyroxine (hyperthyroid) or a propylthiouracil and methimazole combination (PTU/Met; hypothyroid). Hyperthyroid mice performed better on Morris Water Maze than control mice, while hypothyroid mice performed worse. Brain weight was increased in thyroxine-treated, and decreased in PTU/Met-treated animals. The brain weight change was strongly correlated with circulating and tissue T4. Quantitative measurements of microvessels were compared using digital neuropathologic methods. There was an increase in microvessel area in hyperthyroid mice. Hypothyroid mice showed a trend for elevated glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytes, indicating an increase in neuroinflammation. Gene expression alterations were associated with TH perturbation and astrocyte-expressed transcripts were particularly affected. For example, expression of Gli2 and Gli3, mediators in the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, were strongly impacted by both treatments. We conclude that TH perturbations produce robust neurobehavioral, pathological, and brain gene expression changes in aging mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Niedowicz
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Wang-Xia Wang
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Douglas A Price
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ela Patel
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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16
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Datta A, Saha C, Godse P, Sharma M, Sarmah D, Bhattacharya P. Neuroendocrine regulation in stroke. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:260-277. [PMID: 36922255 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The neuroendocrine system, a crosstalk between the central nervous system and endocrine glands, balances and controls hormone secretion and their functions. Neuroendocrine pathways and mechanisms often get dysregulated following stroke, leading to altered hormone secretion and aberrant receptor expression. Dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis often led to severe stroke outcomes. Post-stroke complications such as cognitive impairment, depression, infection etc. are directly or indirectly influenced by the altered neuroendocrine activity that plays a crucial role in stroke vulnerability and susceptibility. Therefore, it is imperative to explore various neurohormonal inter-relationships in regulating stroke, its outcome, and prognosis. Here, we review the biology of different hormones associated with stroke and explore their regulation with a view towards prospective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishika Datta
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Chandrima Saha
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Pratiksha Godse
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Muskaan Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382355, India.
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17
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Custodio RJP, Kim M, Chung YC, Kim BN, Kim HJ, Cheong JH. Thrsp Gene and the ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Presentation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:573-589. [PMID: 36716294 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There are three presentations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): the predominantly inattention (ADHD-PI), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI), and combined (ADHD-C) presentations of ADHD. These may represent distinct childhood-onset neurobehavioral disorders with separate etiologies. ADHD diagnoses are behaviorally based, so investigations into potential etiologies should be founded on behavior. Animal models of ADHD demonstrate face, predictive, and construct validity when they accurately reproduce elements of the symptoms, etiology, biochemistry, and disorder treatment. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR/NCrl) fulfill many validation criteria and compare well with clinical cases of ADHD-C. Compounding the difficulty of selecting an ideal model to study specific presentations of ADHD is a simple fact that our knowledge regarding ADHD neurobiology is insufficient. Accordingly, the current review has explored a potential animal model for a specific presentation, ADHD-PI, with acceptable face, predictive, and construct validity. The Thrsp gene could be a biomarker for ADHD-PI presentation, and THRSP OE mice could represent an animal model for studying this distinct ADHD presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raly James Perez Custodio
- Department of Ergonomics, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors─IfADo, Ardeystraße 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mikyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Life Science, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea.,Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, 815 Hwarangro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Institute for New Drug Development, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
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18
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Dinger TF, Peschke J, Chihi M, Gümüs M, Said M, Santos AN, Rodemerk J, Michel A, Darkwah Oppong M, Li Y, Deuschl C, Wrede KH, Dammann PR, Frank B, Kleinschnitz C, Forsting M, Sure U, Jabbarli R. Small intracranial aneurysms of the anterior circulation: A negligible risk? Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:389-398. [PMID: 36333955 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE According to the International Study of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms, small (<7 mm) unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) of the anterior circulation (aC) carry a neglectable 5-year rupture risk. In contrast, some studies report frequencies of >20% of all ruptured IAs being small IAs of the aC. This contradiction was addressed in this study by analyzing the rates and risk factors for rupture of small IAs within the aC. METHODS Of the institutional observational cohort, 1676 small IAs of the aC were included. Different demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic characteristics were collected. A rupture risk score was established using all independent prognostic factors. The score performance was checked using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS Of all registered small IAs of the aC, 20.1% were ruptured. The developed small IAs of the aC (SIAAC) score (range = -4 to +13 points) contained five major risk factors: IA location and size, arterial hypertension, alcohol abuse, and chronic renal failure. In addition, three putative protective factors were also included in the score: hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, and peripheral arterial disease. Increasing rates of ruptured IA with increasing SIAAC scores were observed, from 0% (≤-1 points) through >50% (≥8 points) and up to 100% in patients scoring ≥12 points. The SIAAC score achieved excellent discrimination (area under the curveSIAAC = 0.803) and performed better than the PHASES (Population,Hypertension, Age, Size of the aneurysm, Earlier SAH from another aneurysm, Site of aneurysm) score. CONCLUSIONS Small IAs of the aC carry a considerable rupture risk. After external validation, the proposed rupture risk score might provide a basis for better decision-making regarding the treatment of small unruptured IAs of the aC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiemo Florin Dinger
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jonas Peschke
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mehdi Chihi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Meltem Gümüs
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maryam Said
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alejandro Nicolas Santos
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Rodemerk
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Michel
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marvin Darkwah Oppong
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yan Li
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Deuschl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karsten Henning Wrede
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp René Dammann
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Frank
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Forsting
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sure
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ramazan Jabbarli
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Soleimani A, Ezabadi SG, Möhn N, Esfandabadi ZM, Khosravizadeh Z, Skripuletz T, Azimzadeh M. Influence of hormones in multiple sclerosis: focus on the most important hormones. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:739-747. [PMID: 36595158 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal imbalance may be an important factor in the severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease. In this context, hormone therapy has been shown to have immunoregulatory potential in various experimental approaches. There is increasing evidence of potentially beneficial effects of thyroid, melatonin, and sex hormones in MS models. These hormones may ameliorate the neurological impairment through immunoregulatory and neuroprotective effects, as well as by reducing oxidative stress. Expanding our knowledge of hormone therapy may be an effective step toward identifying additional molecular/cellular pathways in MS disease. In this review, we discuss the role of several important hormones in MS pathogenesis in terms of their effects on immunoregulatory aspects and neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soleimani
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Sajjad Ghane Ezabadi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nora Möhn
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Zahra Khosravizadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Amiralmomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Azimzadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran.
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20
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Huang S, Liu L, Tang X, Xie S, Li X, Kang X, Zhu S. Research progress on the role of hormones in ischemic stroke. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1062977. [PMID: 36569944 PMCID: PMC9769407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1062977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability around the world. However, ischemic stroke treatment is currently limited, with a narrow therapeutic window and unsatisfactory post-treatment outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms following ischemic stroke brain injury. Changes in the immunometabolism and endocrine system after ischemic stroke are important in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral ischemic injury. Hormones are biologically active substances produced by endocrine glands or endocrine cells that play an important role in the organism's growth, development, metabolism, reproduction, and aging. Hormone research in ischemic stroke has made very promising progress. Hormone levels fluctuate during an ischemic stroke. Hormones regulate neuronal plasticity, promote neurotrophic factor formation, reduce cell death, apoptosis, inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative and nitrative stress, and brain edema in ischemic stroke. In recent years, many studies have been done on the role of thyroid hormone, growth hormone, testosterone, prolactin, oxytocin, glucocorticoid, parathyroid hormone, and dopamine in ischemic stroke, but comprehensive reviews are scarce. This review focuses on the role of hormones in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and discusses the mechanisms involved, intending to provide a reference value for ischemic stroke treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shulan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianhui Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Xianhui Kang, ; Shengmei Zhu,
| | - Shengmei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Xianhui Kang, ; Shengmei Zhu,
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21
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Abe K, Li J, Liu YY, Brent GA. Thyroid Hormone-mediated Histone Modification Protects Cortical Neurons From the Toxic Effects of Hypoxic Injury. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac139. [PMID: 36817622 PMCID: PMC9562813 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Thyroid hormone has been shown to have a protective role in neuronal injury, although the mechanisms have not been established. The cellular response to stress that promotes adaptation and survival has been shown to involve epigenetic modifications. Objective We hypothesized that the neuroprotective role of thyroid hormone was associated with epigenetic modifications of histone proteins. We used hypoxic neurons as a model system for hypoxia-induced brain injury. Methods Mouse primary cortical neurons were exposed to 0.2% oxygen for 7 hours, with or without, treatment with triiodothyronine (T3). We analyzed the expression of histone-modifying enzymes by RNA-seq and the post-translationally modified histone 3 proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Results We found that methylation of H3K27, associated with inactive promoters, was highly induced in hypoxic neurons, and this histone methylation was reduced by T3 treatment. H3K4 methylation is the hallmark of active promoters. The expression of 3 (Set1db, Kmta2c, and Kmt2e) out of 6 H3K4 methyltransferases was downregulated by hypoxia and expression was restored by T3 treatment. H3K4me3 protein, measured by ELISA, was increased 76% in T3-treated hypoxic neurons compared with the levels without T3 treatment. H3K56ac plays a critical role in transcription initiation and was markedly increased in T3-treated hypoxic neurons compared with those without T3 treatment, indicating stimulation of gene transcription. Additionally, T3 treatment restored hypoxia-induced downregulation of histone acetyltransferase, Kat6a, Kat6b, and Crebbp, which function as transcription factors. Conclusion These findings indicate that T3 treatment mitigates hypoxia-induced histone modifications and protects neurons from hypoxia-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Abe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Yan Yun Liu
- Correspondence: Yan-Yun Liu, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. ; or Gregory A. Brent, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
| | - Gregory A Brent
- Correspondence: Yan-Yun Liu, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. ; or Gregory A. Brent, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, and Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
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22
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Chandra R, Singh S, Ganguly C. β-Sitosterol & quercetin enhances brain development in iodine deficient rat models. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221122209. [PMID: 36017551 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221122209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently thyroid hormone studies on brain growth, development and activity are regaining popularity. Thyroid hormones have long been believed to play critical role in mammalian brain growth and maturation regulating facets of neuronal cell growth, proliferation and differentiation and further signaling and glial cell differentiation. Deficiency of these hormones in mother leads to mental retardation in the subsequent offspring's. METHODS In this presented study, brain development of iodine deficient rat models created through deficiency in feeding, mating and further selection. Young adult female wistar rats were induced with iodine deficiency and then mated with healthy male rats. These pregnant hypothyroid induced females were treated with β-sitosterol (150 mg/kg/day) and quercetin (150 mg/kg/day) alone and in combination for whole gestation period. Analysis were dealt with the genetic and histological studies of the pups brain. PCR based RNA analysis was also carried out. Histology was done using eosin and hematoxylin. RESULTS Positive impacts of the β-sitosterol and quercetin on the iodine deficient brain were observed upon histological and PCR analysis. Altogether, the analysis proves that combined doses of β-sitosterol and quercetin for normal brain development in iodine deficient infants hence can be potentially applied as therapeutics in iodine deficiency circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, 231528IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Sushant Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 557953Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India
| | - Chaiti Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology, 582893IILM-CET, Greater Noida, UP, India
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23
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Tan B, Babur E, Toy N, Günaydın B, Dursun N, Süer C. Tau Protein is Differentially Phosphorylated in Young- and Old- Aged Rats with Experimentally Induced Hyperthyroidism. Int J Dev Neurosci 2022; 82:654-663. [PMID: 35904470 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Aging involves progressive physiological changes, including thyroid dysfunction; thus, changes in plasma THs level may affect neuronal function such as synaptic plasticity and Tau phosphorylation. However, how tau protein is modulated in hyperthyroidism with aging is not clear. To clarify this issue, LTP and accompanying phosphorylation of Tau protein in different residues were investigated in the hippocampus of young and old rats with experimentally induced hyperthyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed in vivo under urethane anesthesia on two-month and twelve-month-old Wistar albino male rats. Field potentials, composed of a field of excitatory-postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) and a population-spike (PS), occurring in the hippocampal dentate gyrus region, were recorded by applying high-frequency stimulation (HFS) to the perforant pathway (100 Hz, four times at five-minute intervals) to induce LTP. Total-and phosphorylated-tau were measured in HFS-induced hippocampus by using Western blotting. RESULTS The thyroid hormone suppressed hippocampal somatic LTP (PS) was suppressed with aging, and treatment improved this suppression in aged rats without any changes in synaptic LTP (fEPSP). The phosphorylation of Tau at Ser202/Thr205 and Thr231 residues was increased in aged control rats. Treatment of aged rats with L-Thyroxine reduced the phosphorylation of Tau at these residues to the young control condition. CONCLUSION Impaired LTP that occurs with aging may be among the underlying causes of dementia in relatively older ages, and L-Thyroxine treatment restores this impaired LTP. In addition, the phosphorylation level of Tau epitopes known to play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease may support a critical role in the modulation of synaptic plasticity in hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ercan Babur
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Nihal Toy
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Buse Günaydın
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Dursun
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cem Süer
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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24
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Relationship between thyroid hormones and central nervous system metabolism in physiological and pathological conditions. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:847-858. [PMID: 35771431 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism. They also take part in processes associated with the central nervous system (CNS), including survival and differentiation of neurons and energy expenditure. It has been reported that a correlation exists between the functioning of the thyroid gland and the symptoms of CNS such as cognitive impairment, depression, and dementia. Literature data also indicate the influence of THs on the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, and Parkinson's disease. This review describes the relationship between THs and metabolism in the CNS, the effect of THs on the pathological conditions of the CNS, and novel options for treating these conditions with TH derivatives.
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25
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Rami A, Saeid N, El Mzibri M, El Kari K, Idrissi M, Lahmam H, Mouzouni FZ, Mounach S, El Ammari L, Benkirane H, Al Jawaldeh A, Zimmermann MB, Aguenaou H. Prevalence of iodine deficiency among Moroccan women of reproductive age. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:147. [PMID: 35624493 PMCID: PMC9137163 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00901-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) affects nearly 1.9 million people worldwide. Iodine deficiency (ID) remains a public health concern not only for pregnant women, but for women of reproductive age (WRA) as well. This study was planned to evaluate the iodine status and the prevalence of iodine deficiency in a nationally representative sample of Moroccan WRA according to their socio-economic data and living areas. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional national survey conducted on 1652 WRA aged between 18 and 49 years. Iodine status was assessed by the evaluation of the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) on spot urinary samples, using the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction, and by the estimation of iodine-rich food consumption, using a food frequency questionnaire. The World Health Organization cutoff of a median UIC of < 100 μg/l was used to define ID in the population. RESULTS The median UIC [20th- 80th] was 71.3 μg/l [37.5-123.1] and 71% of participants had UIC < 100 μg/L, indicating insufficient iodine status and mild iodine deficiency. WRA from urban and rural areas showed an UIC median of 75.94 μg/l [41.16-129.97] and 63.40 μg/l [33.81-111.68], respectively. Furthermore, ID prevalence was significantly higher in rural areas (75.6%) as compared to urban areas (67.9%) (p < 0.05). Food frequency questionnaires analyses highlighted that dairy products are the most commonly consumed iodine-rich food, reported to be consumed daily by 43.1% of WRA. Of particular interest, 83.5% of WRA reported a weekly consumption of fish. CONCLUSION ID is still a public health problem in Morocco highlighting the necessity to implement effective national program, including efficient salt iodization, effective nutritional education and awareness, to control iodine deficiency and prevent IDD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anass Rami
- grid.412150.30000 0004 0648 5985Laboratory of Biology, Health and Environment, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco ,grid.450269.cNutrition and Alimentation Unit, CNESTEN, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naima Saeid
- grid.450269.cNutrition and Alimentation Unit, CNESTEN, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Khalid El Kari
- grid.450269.cNutrition and Alimentation Unit, CNESTEN, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Idrissi
- grid.450269.cNutrition and Alimentation Unit, CNESTEN, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Houria Lahmam
- grid.412150.30000 0004 0648 5985Laboratory of Biology, Health and Environment, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | | | - Samir Mounach
- grid.434766.40000 0004 0391 3171Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Laila El Ammari
- grid.434766.40000 0004 0391 3171Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hasnae Benkirane
- grid.412150.30000 0004 0648 5985Laboratory of Biology, Health and Environment, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Al Jawaldeh
- grid.483405.e0000 0001 1942 4602World Health Organization – Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean, P.O. Box 7608, Nasr City, Cairo Egypt
| | - Micheal Bruce Zimmermann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hassan Aguenaou
- grid.412150.30000 0004 0648 5985Laboratory of Biology, Health and Environment, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
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26
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Tamijani SMS, Valian N, Heravi M, Ahmadiani A, Beirami E, Dargahi L. Implication of thyroid hormone receptors in methamphetamine neurocognitive effects. Neurotoxicology 2022; 90:130-135. [PMID: 35301009 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) induces neurocognitive effects via several mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated the alteration of thyroid hormone receptor's expression in the context of MA-induced memory impairment and explored the protective effects of exogenous thyroid hormones (THs). Male wistar rats, received increasing regime of MA (1-10mg/kg, intraperitoneal, twice a day for 10 days), were treated with T3 (40μg/rat/day; intranasal, 2.5μl/nostril) or T4 (20µg/kg/day; intraperitoneal) for 7 days after MA cessation. All rats were subjected to novel object recognition memory test and then the mRNA levels of TH nuclear receptors (TRα1 and TRβ1) and seladin-1, an anti-apoptotic factor, and the protein level of TH cell surface receptor (integrin αvβ3) were measured in the hippocampus of rats. Our results showed that MA-induced memory impairment is concomitant with decreased level of TRα1 mRNA. T3 or T4 treatment significantly alleviated MA-induced memory impairment, but had no significant effect on the mRNA levels of TH nuclear receptors. However, T4 treatment significantly increased the protein level of cell surface receptor (av subunit) in MA-treated rats. These findings suggest that MA neurocognitive effects can be associated with impaired TH signaling in the brain and introduce this pathway as a promising therapeutic approach against MA-induced memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neda Valian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Heravi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Beirami
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Dargahi
- NeuroBiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Guo J, Wang J, Xia Y, Jiang S, Xu P, Tao C, Sun W, Liu X. Thyroid Function Affects the Risk of Post-stroke Depression in Patients With Acute Lacunar Stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:792843. [PMID: 35309559 PMCID: PMC8927643 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.792843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate whether thyroid function profiles are associated with post-stroke depression (PSD) and evaluate the mediation effect of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) on the association of thyroid function profiles and PSD in patients with acute ischemic lacunar stroke. Methods In this study, 372 patients with confirmed acute ischemic lacunar stroke within 3 days of onset were consecutively recruited. Serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid antibodies were detected on admission. Lacunar infarcts, white matter lesions, cerebral microbleeds, and enlarged perivascular spaces were rated using validated scales. The severity of depression was scored with the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale in the hospital after a week of stroke onset. Multivariate regression was utilized to analyze the association of thyroid function profiles and PSD. Mediation analysis was employed to evaluate the effect of cSVD on the association of thyroid function profiles and PSD. Results A total of 87 (23.4%) participants were diagnosed with depression after stroke. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were significantly higher in patients with PSD than in those without PSD, while free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) were not significantly different between the two groups. After adjusting for potential confounders, serum TSH levels were positively associated with the risk of PSD (OR = 1.228; 95% CI: 1.053–1.431, p = 0.009). A similar association was also found between the total cSVD burden score and PSD (OR = 2.137; 95% CI: 1.634–2.793, p < 0.001). Further mediation analysis indicated that 26.37% of the association between TSH and PSD was mediated by cSVD. Conclusions Serum TSH levels on admission can probably predict depression after acute ischemic lacunar stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglong Guo
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Xia
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyi Jiang
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunrong Tao
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Wen Sun
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Xinfeng Liu
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28
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L-Thyroxine Improves Vestibular Compensation in a Rat Model of Acute Peripheral Vestibulopathy: Cellular and Behavioral Aspects. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040684. [PMID: 35203333 PMCID: PMC8869897 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unilateral vestibular lesions induce a vestibular syndrome, which recovers over time due to vestibular compensation. The therapeutic effect of L-Thyroxine (L-T4) on vestibular compensation was investigated by behavioral testing and immunohistochemical analysis in a rat model of unilateral vestibular neurectomy (UVN). We demonstrated that a short-term L-T4 treatment reduced the vestibular syndrome and significantly promoted vestibular compensation. Thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ) and type II iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2) were present in the vestibular nuclei (VN), supporting a local action of L-T4. We confirmed the T4-induced metabolic effects by demonstrating an increase in the number of cytochrome oxidase-labeled neurons in the VN three days after the lesion. L-T4 treatment modulated glial reaction by decreasing both microglia and oligodendrocytes in the deafferented VN three days after UVN and increased cell proliferation. Survival of newly generated cells in the deafferented vestibular nuclei was not affected, but microglial rather than neuronal differentiation was favored by L-T4 treatment.
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29
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Song Y, Yang C, Wang H. Free Triiodothyronine Is Associated with Poor Outcomes after Acute Ischemic Stroke. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:1982193. [PMID: 35685519 PMCID: PMC9159185 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1982193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS It is unclear whether thyroid hormones are associated with functional outcomes after ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate the impact of serum levels of thyroid hormones at admission on functional outcomes at 3 months after acute ischemic stroke. METHODS A total of 480 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted to our hospital within 48 h of onset were enrolled. The levels of thyroid hormones, including thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine, were measured at admission, and functional outcomes were assessed at 3 months using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), with scores ranging from 0 to 6. Poor outcome was defined as mRS score ≥3. RESULTS FT3 levels at admission were considerably lower in patients with poor outcomes than in those with good outcomes at 3 months (3.53 ± 0.70 pmol/L vs. 4.04 ± 0.68 pmol/L; P < 0.001). Lower FT3 levels were observed in patients with higher mRS scores. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that FT3 levels were significantly associated with a risk of poor outcomes at 3 months, independent of conventional risk factors such as age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and recanalized therapy. In addition, patients in FT3 levels in the lowest quartile had a 2.56-fold higher risk of poor outcomes than those with FT3 levels in the highest quartile (odds ratio = 2.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.15-5.69, P=0.021). The sensitivity and specificity of FT3 level ≤3.69 pmol/L for predicting poor outcomes were 62.70% and 72.03%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that FT3 levels at admission are significantly and independently associated with a risk of poor outcomes after ischemic stroke and that lower FT3 levels can be considered as a prognostic biomarker for poor outcomes at 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Changqiang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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30
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Effects of Thyroid Hormone on Tissue Hypoxia: Relevance to Sepsis Therapy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245855. [PMID: 34945151 PMCID: PMC8703810 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue hypoxia occurs in various conditions such as myocardial or brain ischemia and infarction, sepsis, and trauma, and induces cellular damage and tissue remodeling with recapitulation of fetal-like reprogramming, which eventually results in organ failure. Analogies seem to exist between the damaged hypoxic and developing organs, indicating that a regulatory network which drives embryonic organ development may control aspects of heart (or tissue) repair. In this context, thyroid hormone (TH), which is a critical regulator of organ maturation, physiologic angiogenesis, and mitochondrial biogenesis during fetal development, may be of important physiological relevance upon stress (hypoxia)-induced fetal reprogramming. TH signaling has been implicated in hypoxic tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction and T3 prevents remodeling of the postinfarcted heart. Similarly, preliminary experimental evidence suggests that T3 can prevent early tissue hypoxia during sepsis with important physiological consequences. Thus, based on common pathways between different paradigms, we propose a possible role of TH in tissue hypoxia after sepsis with the potential to reduce secondary organ failure.
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Aerobic Exercise Mediated Increase in BDNF Expression Ameliorates Depression in Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroidism in Adult Rats. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Sallam A, Sudha T, Darwish NHE, Eghotny S, E-Dief A, Hassaan PS, Mousa SA. In vitro differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells into neural precursor cells using small molecules. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109340. [PMID: 34461154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurogenic differentiation of human marrow stromal stem cells (hMSCs) into neural precursor cells (NPCs) offers new hope in many neurological diseases. Stromal cells can be differentiated into NPCs using small molecules acting as chemical inducers. The aim of this study is to formulate an efficient, direct, fast and safe protocol to differentiate hMSCs into NPCs using different inducers: b-mercaptoethanol (BME), triiodothyronine (T3), and curcumin (CUR). NEW METHOD: hMSCs were subjected to either 1 mM BME, 0.5 µM T3, or 5 µM CUR. Neurogenic differentiation was determined by assessing the protein expression of PAX6, SOX2, DLX2, and GAP-43 with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, along with Nissl staining of differentiated cells. RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD It was revealed that T3 and CUR are 70-80% better than BME in terms of efficiency and safety, and surprisingly BME was a good promoting factor for cell preconditioning with limited effects on neural trans-differentiation related to its toxic effects on cell viability. CONCLUSION Reprogramming of bone marrow stromal cells into neural cells gives hope for treating different neurological disorders. Our study shows that T3 and CUR were effective in generation of NPCs from hMSCs with preservation of cell viability. BME was a good promoting factor for cell preconditioning with limited effects on neural transdifferentiation related to its toxic effects on cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Sallam
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Noureldien H E Darwish
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samar Eghotny
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abeer E-Dief
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Passainte S Hassaan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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Guebel DV, Torres NV, Acebes Á. Mapping the transcriptomic changes of endothelial compartment in human hippocampus across aging and mild cognitive impairment. Biol Open 2021; 10:264940. [PMID: 34184731 PMCID: PMC8181899 DOI: 10.1242/bio.057950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromise of the vascular system has important consequences on cognitive abilities and neurodegeneration. The identification of the main molecular signatures present in the blood vessels of human hippocampus could provide the basis to understand and tackle these pathologies. As direct vascular experimentation in hippocampus is problematic, we achieved this information by computationally disaggregating publicly available whole microarrays data of human hippocampal homogenates. Three conditions were analyzed: ‘Young Adults’, ‘Aged’, and ‘aged with Mild Cognitive Impairment’ (MCI). The genes identified were contrasted against two independent data-sets. Here we show that the endothelial cells from the Younger Group appeared in an ‘activated stage’. In turn, in the Aged Group, the endothelial cells showed a significant loss of response to shear stress, changes in cell adhesion molecules, increased inflammation, brain-insulin resistance, lipidic alterations, and changes in the extracellular matrix. Some specific changes in the MCI group were also detected. Noticeably, in this study the features arisen from the Aged Group (high tortuosity, increased bifurcations, and smooth muscle proliferation), pose the need for further experimental verification to discern between the occurrence of arteriogenesis and/or vascular remodeling by capillary arterialization. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: An integrative picture about the mechanisms operating in the hippocampal vasculature under normal and pathological scenarios is achieved by the computational dissection of microarray data corresponding to whole tissue samples and focusing on gene splice forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Guebel
- Program Agustín de Betancourt, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Néstor V Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
| | - Ángel Acebes
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain
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Wang H, Zhou WX, Huang JF, Zheng XQ, Tian HJ, Wang B, Fu WL, Wu AM. Endocrine Therapy for the Functional Recovery of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:590570. [PMID: 33390881 PMCID: PMC7773784 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.590570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of physical disability and leads to patient dissatisfaction with their quality of life. Patients with SCI usually exhibit severe clinical symptoms, including sensory and motor dysfunction below the injured levels, paraplegia, quadriplegia and urinary retention, which can exacerbate the substantial medical and social burdens. The major pathological change observed in SCI is inflammatory reaction, which induces demyelination, axonal degeneration, and the apoptosis and necrosis of neurons. Traditional medical treatments are mainly focused on the recovery of motor function and prevention of complications. To date, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the cellular and molecular mechanism of SCI and have proposed lots of effective treatments, but the clinical applications are still limited due to the complex pathogenesis and poor prognosis after SCI. Endocrine hormones are kinds of molecules that are synthesized by specialized endocrine organs and can participate in the regulation of multiple physiological activities, and their protective effects on several disorders have been widely discussed. In addition, many studies have identified that endocrine hormones can promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery in individuals with central nervous system diseases. Therefore, studies investigating the clinical applications of endocrine hormones as treatments for SCI are necessary. In this review, we described the neuroprotective roles of several endocrine hormones in SCI; endocrine hormone administration reduces cell death and promotes functional repair after SCI. We also proposed novel therapies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xian Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-Feng Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Qi Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hai-Jun Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Li Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Babur E, Canöz Ö, Tan B, Süer C, Dursun N. Effect of sodium selenite on synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis impaired by hypothyroidism. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:662-672. [PMID: 33169646 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1835898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated protective effect of sodium selenite (Se) on hypothyroidism-induced impairments in, Morris water maze (MWM), long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampal neurogenesis male Wistar rats aged of 2 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypothyroidism was induced by administration of propylthiouracil (Ptu, 1 mg/kg/d) solution to the rats from postnatal day 60 for 81 days with or without Se (0.5mg/kg/d). Neurogenesis was examined by Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining. Se values on plasma and hippocampus were measured with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS Measurement of fT3 and fT4 levels confirmed that the fT3 levels, but not fT4, in Ptu-treated rats (5435.44±816.05 fg/ml, p < 0.05) has returned to control values (8721.66±2567.68 fg/ml) by Se treatment (8661.65±711.43 fg/ml). Analysis of learning performance in water escape learning task showed that Se supplementation disappeared memory deficit in Ptu-treated rats as shown by significantly decreased time spent in the target quadrant (33.7±0.24% in control group; 26.1±0.48% in Ptu-group, p < 0.05; 33.9±0.44 in Ptu+Se group), although there was no significant difference among groups in any measurement of learning performance on the last day. Considering LTP, Se supplementation improved the deficit in synaptic plasticity in Ptu-treated rats, as shown by significant increase in the excitatory postsynaptic potential slope (% 243±31 in control group; 172±49 in Ptu-group, p < 0.05; 222±65 in Ptu+Se group) without affecting of the impairment in somatic plasticity. Se supplementation did not improve the decrease in the number of progenitor cells in the subgranular layer (SGL) of dentate gyrus (DG) of Ptu treated rats. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that selenium supplementation in hypothyroid patients may improve learning and memory disorders with different physiological mechanisms.HighlightsSe increased serum fT3 levels and hippocampus Se levels in hypothyroid rats.Se attenuated impairment of population spike-LTP in hypothyroid ratsHypothyroidism disrupts neurogenesis process in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus.Se supplementation could not increase new born cells in hypothyroid rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Babur
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Özlem Canöz
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Burak Tan
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cem Süer
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Dursun
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Ahmed ZM, Khalil MF, Kohail AM, Eldesouky IF, Elkady A, Shuaib A. The Prevalence and Predictors of Post-Stroke Depression and Anxiety During COVID-19 Pandemic. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105315. [PMID: 32958396 PMCID: PMC7834239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stroke is associated with a rise in post-stroke depression (PSD) and anxiety (PSA). In this study, we evaluated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the rates of PSD and PSA. Methods All stroke admissions to two hospitals in Saudi Arabia during two months were prospectively evaluated for PSD and PSA. NIHSS and serum TSH assessed on admission. PSD and PSA were evaluated using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Post-stroke disability was assessed by mRS, while social support assessed by Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results Among 50 participants (28 males), clinically significant PSD was found in 36%, while PSA in 32%. PSD associated with higher NIHSS (P < 0.001); lower MSPSS (P = 0.003); higher mRS (P = 0.001); and discontinuation of rehabilitation (P = 0.02). PSA was associated with higher TSH (P = 0.01); lower MSPSS (P = 0.03); while discontinuation of rehabilitation was related to less PSA (P = 0.034). Multivariate analysis showed that NIHSS (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 742–3.37; P = 0.01); and MSPSS score (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47–0.94; P = 0.002) were associated with PSD; while PSA was related to TSH level (OR: 8.32, 95% CI:1.42–47.23; P = 0.02), and discontinuation of rehabilitation (OR: -0.96, 95% CI: -1.90–0.02; P = 0.04). Conclusions Our research shows that the rise in PSD is related to stroke severity and this has not changed significantly during the pandemic; however, PSA showed a noticeable peak. Social deprivation and the lacking levels of rehabilitation related significantly to both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria M Ahmed
- Neurology Department, Saudi German Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Khalil
- Neurology Department, Saudi German Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Kohail
- Neurology Department, Saudi German Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam F Eldesouky
- Neurology Department, Saudi German Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elkady
- Neurology Department, Saudi German Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Taroza S, Rastenytė D, Burkauskas J, Podlipskytė A, Kažukauskienė N, Patamsytė V, Mickuvienė N. Deiodinases, organic anion transporter polypeptide polymorphisms and symptoms of anxiety and depression after ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105040. [PMID: 32807452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional disturbances, such as anxiety and depression are common after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Individual variation in emotional outcome is strongly influenced by genetic factors. One of pituitary axis, is the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, a critical regulator of post-stroke recovery, suggesting that allelic variants in thyroid hormone (TH) signaling regulation can influence stroke outcome. AIM To determine associations between AIS emotional outcome and allelic variants of the TH metabolizing enzymes 1-3 type deiodinase (DIO1-3) and the membrane transporting organic anion polypeptide 1C1 (OATP1C1). METHODS Eligible AIS patients from Lithuania (n=168) were genotyped for ten DIO1-3 and OATP1C1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP): DIO1 rs12095080-A/G, rs11206244-C/T, and rs2235544-A/C; DIO2 rs225014-T/C and rs225015-G/A; DIO3 rs945006-T/G; OATP1C1 rs974453-G/A, rs10444412-T/C, rs10770704-C/T, and rs1515777-A/G. Emotional outcome was evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at discharge from the neurology department after experienced index AIS. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, the major allelic (wild-type) DIO1-rs12095080 genotype (AA) was associated with higher odds ratio of anxiety symptoms (OR = 5.16; 95% CI: 1.04-25.58; p = 0.045), conversely, DIO1-rs11206244 wild-type genotype (CC) and wild-type OATP1C1-rs1515777 allele containing the genotypes (AA + AG) were associated with lower odds ratio of symptoms of anxiety (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.14-0.96; p = 0.041 and OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.76; p = 0.011, respectively). Wild-type OATP1C1-rs974453 genotype (GG) was associated with higher odds ratio of symptoms of depression (OR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.04-7.12; p = 0.041). CONCLUSION Allelic variants in thyroid axis genes may predict emotional outcomes of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Taroza
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine (Palanga), Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
| | - Daiva Rastenytė
- Department of Neurology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine (Palanga), Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
| | - Aurelija Podlipskytė
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine (Palanga), Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
| | - Nijolė Kažukauskienė
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine (Palanga), Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
| | - Vaiva Patamsytė
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Narseta Mickuvienė
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine (Palanga), Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
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Talhada D, Feiteiro J, Costa AR, Talhada T, Cairrão E, Wieloch T, Englund E, Santos CR, Gonçalves I, Ruscher K. Triiodothyronine modulates neuronal plasticity mechanisms to enhance functional outcome after stroke. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:216. [PMID: 31864415 PMCID: PMC6925884 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new therapeutic approaches for stroke patients requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that enhance recovery of lost neurological functions. The efficacy to enhance homeostatic mechanisms during the first weeks after stroke will influence functional outcome. Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential regulators of neuronal plasticity, however, their role in recovery related mechanisms of neuronal plasticity after stroke remains unknown. This study addresses important findings of 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) in the regulation of homeostatic mechanisms that adjust excitability – inhibition ratio in the post-ischemic brain. This is valid during the first 2 weeks after experimental stroke induced by photothrombosis (PT) and in cultured neurons subjected to an in vitro model of acute cerebral ischemia. In the human post-stroke brain, we assessed the expression pattern of TH receptors (TR) protein levels, important for mediating T3 actions. Our results show that T3 modulates several plasticity mechanisms that may operate on different temporal and spatial scales as compensatory mechanisms to assure appropriate synaptic neurotransmission. We have shown in vivo that long-term administration of T3 after PT significantly (1) enhances lost sensorimotor function; (2) increases levels of synaptotagmin 1&2 and levels of the post-synaptic GluR2 subunit in AMPA receptors in the peri-infarct area; (3) increases dendritic spine density in the peri-infarct and contralateral region and (4) decreases tonic GABAergic signaling in the peri-infarct area by a reduced number of parvalbumin+ / c-fos+ neurons and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65/67 levels. In addition, we have shown that T3 modulates in vitro neuron membrane properties with the balance of inward glutamate ligand-gated channels currents and decreases synaptotagmin levels in conditions of deprived oxygen and glucose. Interestingly, we found increased levels of TRβ1 in the infarct core of post-mortem human stroke patients, which mediate T3 actions. Summarizing, our data identify T3 as a potential key therapeutic agent to enhance recovery of lost neurological functions after ischemic stroke.
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