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Erdenebileg S, Kim M, Nam Y, Cha KH, Le TT, Jung SH, Nho CW. Artemisia argyi ethanol extract ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-induced liver fibrosis by modulating gut microbiota and hepatic signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118415. [PMID: 38848971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia argyi (AA), a herbal medicine traditionally used in Asian countries, to treat inflammatory conditions such as eczema, dermatitis, arthritis, allergic asthma and colitis. However, the mechanism of action of this plant with regard to hepatitis and other liver-related diseases is still unclear. AIM This study aimed to investigate the effects of AA ethanol extract on NASH-related fibrosis and gut microbiota in a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD)-induced mouse model. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed CDAHFD, with or without AA ethanol extract treatment. Biochemical markers, lipid profiles, hepatic mRNA expression levels of key genes, and the fibrosis area were assessed. In vitro, TGF-β-stimulated human hepatic stellate LX-2 cells and mouse primary hepatic stellate cells (mHSCs) were used to elucidate the effects of AA ethanol extract on fibrosis and steatosis. 16S rRNA sequencing, QIIME2, and PICRUST2 were employed to analyze gut microbial diversity, composition, and functional pathways. RESULTS Treatment with the AA ethanol extract improved plasma and liver lipid profiles, modulated hepatic mRNA expression levels of antioxidant, lipolytic, and fibrosis-related genes, and significantly reduced CDAHFD-induced hepatic fibrosis. Gut microbiota analysis revealed a marked decrease in Acetivibrio ethanolgignens abundance upon treatment with the AA ethanol extract, and its functional pathways were significantly correlated with NASH/fibrosis markers. The AA ethanol extract and its active components (jaceosidin, eupatilin, and chlorogenic acid) inhibited fibrosis-related markers in LX-2 and mHSC. CONCLUSION The AA ethanol extract exerted therapeutic effects on CDAHFD-induced liver disease by modulating NASH/fibrosis-related factors and gut microbiota composition. Notably, AA treatment reduced the abundance of the potentially profibrotic bacterium (A. ethanolgignens). These findings suggest that AA is a promising candidate for treating NASH-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saruul Erdenebileg
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea
| | - Myungsuk Kim
- Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26426, South Korea
| | - Yunseong Nam
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26426, South Korea; Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea
| | - Tam Thi Le
- Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Jung
- Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea; Natural Product Applied Science, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, South Korea.
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Liang M, Dong S, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Xiao X, Ma J, Jiang X, Yu W. Exploration of the potential mechanism of aqueous extract of Artemisia capillaris for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:1328-1339. [PMID: 39186724 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a nutritional and metabolic disease with a high prevalence today. Artemisia capillaris has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other effects. However, the mechanism of A. capillaris in treating NAFLD is still poorly understood. METHODS This study explored the mechanism of A. capillaris in the treatment of NAFLD through network pharmacology and molecular docking, and verified the results through in vivo experiments using a high-fat diet-induced mouse model and in vitro experiments using an oleic acid-induced HepG2 cell model. KEY FINDINGS Aqueous extract of A. capillaris (AEAC) can reduce blood lipids, reduce liver lipid accumulation and liver inflammation in NAFLD mice, and improve NAFLD. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 51 drug ingredients in A. capillaris correspond to 370 targets that act on NAFLD. GEO data mining obtained 93 liver differentially expressed genes related to NAFLD. In the UHPLC-MS detection results, 36 components were characterized and molecular docked with JNK. Verified in vitro and in vivo, the results show that JNK and the phosphorylation levels of IL-6, IL-1β, c-Jun, c-Fos, and CCL2 are key targets and pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that AEAC reduces lipid accumulation and inflammation in the liver of NAFLD mice by inhibiting the JNK/AP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Siyu Dong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yuyi Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Institute of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Common Animal Diseases, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Institute of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Common Animal Diseases, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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Zhang L, Lu J. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) polyphenols and inflammatory bowel diseases: Major phytochemicals, functional properties, and health effects. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106074. [PMID: 38906386 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Major polyphenols in Rosmarinus officinalis L. primarily consist of phenolic acids, phenolic diterpenes, and flavonoids, all of which have pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial characteristics. Numerous in vitro and animal studies have found that rosemary polyphenols have the potential to decrease the severity of intestinal inflammation. The beneficial effects of rosemary polyphenols were associated with anti-inflammatory properties, including improved gut barrier (increased mucus secretion and tight junction), increased antioxidant enzymes, inhibiting inflammatory pathways and cytokines (downregulation of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasomes, STAT3 and activation of Nrf2), and modulating gut microbiota community (increased core probiotics and SCFA-producing bacteria, and decreased potential pathogens) and metabolism (changes in SCFA and bile acid metabolites). This paper provides a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory properties of rosemary polyphenols and suggests that rosemary polyphenols might be employed as strong anti-inflammatory agents to prevent intestinal inflammation and lower the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jie Lu
- China Animal Husbandry Group, Beijing 100070, China
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Pezzino S, Sofia M, Mazzone C, Litrico G, Greco LP, Gallo L, La Greca G, Latteri S. Innovative treatments for obesity and NAFLD: A bibliometric study on antioxidants, herbs, phytochemicals, and natural compounds. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35498. [PMID: 39220898 PMCID: PMC11365328 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing scientific interest in antioxidants and naturally derived compounds as potential remedies for obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has led to extensive research. The objective of this bibliometric analysis is to present an updated perspective on the topic of antioxidants, herbs, phytochemicals, and natural compounds, in the control of obesity and NAFLD, to identify new areas for future research. Publications from the years 2012-2022 were retrieved using the Scopus database. The research trends were analyzed using the Biblioshiny and VOSviewer tools. The field has seen a significant increase in research activity, as indicated by an annual growth rate of 10 % in the number of published manuscripts. China, Korea, and the USA emerged as the most prominent contributors in this specific field, supported by their notable volumes of publications and citations. The density analysis revealed that the most frequently occurring authors' keywords related to herbal species are, in rank order, Camelia sinensis, Momordica charantia, Curcuma longa, Ilex paraguariensis, Panax ginseng, Moringa oleifera, Garcinia cambogia, Garcinia mangostana, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum verum. In the group of antioxidants, phytochemicals, and natural compounds, the top 10 were resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, vitamin C, chlorogenic acid, lycopene, fucoxanthin, and berberine. The co-occurrence analysis unveiled significant themes and potential trends, including a notable interest in the impact of herbal species, antioxidants, phytochemicals, and natural compounds on obesity and NAFLD through the modulation of the gut microbiome. Another recurring theme that arises, is the ongoing investigation of molecular targets that demonstrate anti-adipogenesis properties. The analysis presented in this study provides valuable insights for researchers investigating the efficacy of antioxidants, herbs, phytochemicals, and natural compounds in addressing obesity and NAFLD. Through the use of bibliometric methods, the study offers a comprehensive overview. Furthermore, the findings of this analysis can serve as a foundation for future research in this specific domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pezzino
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazzone
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgia Litrico
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Piero Greco
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Luisa Gallo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Greca
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Latteri
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Cano R, Bermúdez V, Galban N, Garrido B, Santeliz R, Gotera MP, Duran P, Boscan A, Carbonell-Zabaleta AK, Durán-Agüero S, Rojas-Gómez D, González-Casanova J, Díaz-Vásquez W, Chacín M, Angarita Dávila L. Dietary Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota Cross-Talk: Molecular and Therapeutic Perspectives for Cardiometabolic Disease: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9118. [PMID: 39201807 PMCID: PMC11354808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and polyphenols has emerged as a captivating frontier in understanding and potentially harnessing the therapeutic potential of these bioactive compounds. Phenolic compounds, renowned for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties, are subject to intricate transformations within the gut milieu, where the diverse microbial ecosystem exerts profound effects on their metabolism and bioavailability. Conversely, polyphenols exhibit a remarkable capacity to modulate the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, fostering a bidirectional relationship that extends beyond mere nutrient processing. This symbiotic interaction holds significant implications for human health, particularly in cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Through a comprehensive exploration of molecular interactions, this narrative review elucidates the reciprocal dynamics between the gut microbiota and polyphenols, unveiling novel avenues for therapeutic intervention in cardiometabolic disorders. By unravelling the intricate cross-talk between these two entities, this review underscores the multifaceted roles of polyphenols in overall health and the pivotal role of gut microbiota modulation as a promising therapeutic strategy in mitigating the burden of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cano
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Nestor Galban
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Bermary Garrido
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Raquel Santeliz
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Maria Paula Gotera
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Pablo Duran
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Arturo Boscan
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela;
| | | | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7511111, Chile
| | - Diana Rojas-Gómez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370321, Chile;
| | - Jorge González-Casanova
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile
| | - Waldo Díaz-Vásquez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7511111, Chile
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Lissé Angarita Dávila
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile
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Wu L, Dang M, Wu R, Isah MB, Zhang X. Development of an ic-CLEIA for precise detection of 3-CQA in herbs and patent medicines: ensuring quality control and therapeutic efficacy. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1439287. [PMID: 39234291 PMCID: PMC11371738 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1439287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), a member of the chlorogenic acid family, possesses diverse pharmacological properties, such as scavenging, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic activity, rendering substantial value to alimentary consumables and therapeutic substances. However, the pervasiveness of non-standard practices, notably the misuse and abuse of indigenous botanicals, coupled with the inherent susceptibility of 3-CQA to degradation under light and heat exposure, engenders discernible disparateness in the quality profiles of the same kinds of herbs. Consequently, precise quantification of 3-CQA becomes imperative. Methods In this context, an artificial antigen was synthesized as a specific conjugate of 3-CQA and bovine serum albumin (3-CQA-BSA), followed by the generation of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the conjugate. Through optimization, a mAb-based indirect competitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (ic-CLEIA) was developed. Results It demonstrated an IC50 and the calibration range of 2.97 ng/mL and 0.64-13.75 ng/mL, respectively, outperforming the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Notably, the ic-CLEIA displayed 10.71% cross-reactivity with 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, alongside minimal cross-reactivity toward other isomeric counterparts and analogs. Validation experiments on herbs and Chinese patent medicines using ic-CLEIA, confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, revealed a robust correlation coefficient of 0.9667 between the two modalities. Conclusion These findings unequivocally demonstrated that the proposed ic-CLEIA represents a viable and reliable analytical method for 3-CQA determination. This method holds significant potential for ensuring the quality control and therapeutic efficacy germane to herbs and patent medicines, spanning diverse therapeutic milieus and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjiang Wu
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, Shaanxi International Cooperation Demonstration Base, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Mei Dang
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, Shaanxi International Cooperation Demonstration Base, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rao Wu
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, Shaanxi International Cooperation Demonstration Base, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Murtala Bindawa Isah
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, Shaanxi International Cooperation Demonstration Base, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University Katsina, Katsina, Nigeria
- Biomedical Research and Training Centre, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, Shaanxi International Cooperation Demonstration Base, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Mohammadhasani K, Vahedi Fard M, Mottaghi Moghaddam Shahri A, Khorasanchi Z. Polyphenols improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5341-5356. [PMID: 39139973 PMCID: PMC11317728 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, natural micronutrients derived from plants, are valued for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The escalating global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) underscores its status as a chronic progressive liver condition. Furthermore, the dysregulation of gut microbiota (GM) is implicated in the onset and progression of NAFLD through the actions of metabolites such as bile acids (BAs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), choline, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Additionally, GM may influence the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This review aims to evaluate the potential effects of polyphenols on GM and intestinal barrier function, and their subsequent impact on NAFLD. We searched through a wide range of databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus to gather information for our non-systematic review of English literature. GM functions and composition can be regulated by polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, curcumin, green tea catechins, naringenin, quercetin, resveratrol, and sulforaphane. Regulating GM composition improves NAFLD by alleviating inflammation, liver fat accumulation, and liver enzymes. Furthermore, it improves serum lipid profile and gut barrier integrity. All of these components affect NAFLD through the metabolites of GM, including SCFAs, choline, LPS, and BAs. Current evidence indicates that chlorogenic acid, resveratrol, quercetin, and curcumin can modulate GM, improving intestinal barrier integrity and positively impacting NAFLD. More studies are necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of naringenin, sulforaphane, and catechin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Mohammadhasani
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research CenterGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran
| | - Mohammad Vahedi Fard
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research CenterGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran
| | - Ali Mottaghi Moghaddam Shahri
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Khorasanchi
- Department of Nutrition, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Ziółkiewicz A, Niziński P, Soja J, Oniszczuk T, Combrzyński M, Kondracka A, Oniszczuk A. Potential of Chlorogenic Acid in the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): Animal Studies and Clinical Trials-A Narrative Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:346. [PMID: 38921480 PMCID: PMC11205996 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural polyphenol found in coffee, tea, vegetables, and fruits. It exhibits strong antioxidant activity and possesses several other biological properties, including anti-inflammatory effects, antimicrobial activity, and insulin-sensitizing properties. Moreover, it may improve lipid and glucose metabolism. This review summarizes the available information on the therapeutic effect of CGA in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). As the literature search engine, the browsers in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and ClinicalTrials.gov register were used. Animal trials and clinical studies suggest that CGA has promising therapeutic potential in treating MASLD and hepatic steatosis. Its mechanisms of action include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects via the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling cascade. Furthermore, the alleviation of liver disease by CGA also involves other important molecules such as AMPK and important physiological processes such as the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota. Nevertheless, the specific target cell and key molecule to which CGA is directed remain unidentified and require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ziółkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Dr Witolda Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (A.O.)
| | - Przemysław Niziński
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Soja
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (T.O.); (M.C.)
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (T.O.); (M.C.)
| | - Maciej Combrzyński
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (T.O.); (M.C.)
| | - Adrianna Kondracka
- Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Dr Witolda Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (A.O.)
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Gao X, Zhu Z, Bao Y, Li Y, Zhu W, He X, Ge X, Huang W, Wang H, Wei W, Du J, Chen L, Li H, Sheng L. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat extract and probiotics combination ameliorates metabolic disorders through regulating gut microbiota and PPARα subcellular localization. Chin Med 2024; 19:76. [PMID: 38831430 PMCID: PMC11149226 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, a traditional Chinese medicine, has the effects on liver clearing, vision improving, and anti-inflammation. C. morifolium and probiotics have been individually studied for their beneficial effects on metabolic diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms were not completely elucidated. This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of C. morifolium and probiotics combination (CP) on alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the dysregulation of glucose metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. METHODS The therapeutic effect of CP on metabolism was evaluated by liver histology and serum biochemical analysis, as well as glucose tolerance test. The impact of CP on gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis was performed with the key genes and proteins validated by RT-qPCR and western blotting. In addition, whole body Pparα knockout (Pparα-/-) mice were used to confirm the CP-mediated pathway. RESULTS CP supplementation ameliorated metabolic disorders by reducing body weight and hepatic steatosis, and improving glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in HFD fed mice. CP intervention mitigated the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, which contributed at least in part, to the beneficial effect of improving glucose metabolism. In addition, hepatic transcriptomic analysis showed that CP modulated the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. CP downregulated the mRNA level of lipid droplet-binding proteins, such as Cidea and Cidec in the liver, leading to more substrates for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Meanwhile, the expression of CPT1α, the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, was significantly increased upon CP treatment. Mechanistically, though CP didn't affect the total PPARα level, it promoted the nuclear localization of PPARα, which contributed to the reduced expression of Cidea and Cidec, and increased expression of CPT1α, leading to activated FAO. Moreover, whole body PPARα deficiency abolished the anti-NAFLD effect of CP, suggesting the importance of PPARα in CP-mediated beneficial effect. CONCLUSION This study revealed the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effect of CP by regulating gut microbiota composition and PPARα subcellular localization, highlighting its potential for therapeutic candidate for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weize Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaofang He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjing Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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10
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Zeng X, Chen L, Zheng B. Extrusion and chlorogenic acid treatment increase the ordered structure and resistant starch levels in rice starch with amelioration of gut lipid metabolism in obese rats. Food Funct 2024; 15:5224-5237. [PMID: 38623646 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05416k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Dietary interventions are receiving increasing attention for maintaining host health and diminishing disease risk. This study endeavored to elucidate the intervention effect of chlorogenic acid coupled with extruded rice starch (CGA-ES) in mitigating lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in rats. First, a significant increase in resistant starch (RS) and a decrease in the predicted glycemic index (pGI) were observed in CGA-ES owing to the formation of an ordered structure (Dm, single helix, and V-type crystalline structure) and partly released CGA. Compared to a physical mixture of starch and chlorogenic acid (CGA + S), CGA-ES showed a more potent effect in alleviating lipid metabolism disorders, manifesting as reduced levels of blood glucose, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP), as well as body weight. It is correlated with an improvement in the gut microecology, featuring bacteria known for cholesterol reduction and butyrate production (Butyricicoccus, Bifidobacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Turicibacter, and Enterorhabdus), along with bile acid, butyrate and PG (PG (17:0/16:0) and PG (18:1/16:0)). The RS fraction of CGA-ES was found to be the main contributor. These findings would provide evidence for future studies to regulate lipid metabolism disorders, and even obesity using CGA-ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Bo Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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11
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Nguyen V, Taine EG, Meng D, Cui T, Tan W. Chlorogenic Acid: A Systematic Review on the Biological Functions, Mechanistic Actions, and Therapeutic Potentials. Nutrients 2024; 16:924. [PMID: 38612964 PMCID: PMC11013850 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a type of polyphenol compound found in rich concentrations in many plants such as green coffee beans. As an active natural substance, CGA exerts diverse therapeutic effects in response to a variety of pathological challenges, particularly conditions associated with chronic metabolic diseases and age-related disorders. It shows multidimensional functions, including neuroprotection for neurodegenerative disorders and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-pathogens, mitigation of cardiovascular disorders, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus, liver and kidney injuries, and anti-tumor activities. Mechanistically, its integrative functions act through the modulation of anti-inflammation/oxidation and metabolic homeostasis. It can thwart inflammatory constituents at multiple levels such as curtailing NF-kB pathways to neutralize primitive inflammatory factors, hindering inflammatory propagation, and alleviating inflammation-related tissue injury. It concurrently raises pivotal antioxidants by activating the Nrf2 pathway, thus scavenging excessive cellular free radicals. It elevates AMPK pathways for the maintenance and restoration of metabolic homeostasis of glucose and lipids. Additionally, CGA shows functions of neuromodulation by targeting neuroreceptors and ion channels. In this review, we systematically recapitulate CGA's pharmacological activities, medicinal properties, and mechanistic actions as a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies for defining its specific targeting molecules, improving its bioavailability, and validating its clinical efficacy are required to corroborate the therapeutic effects of CGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vi Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | | | - Dehao Meng
- Applied Physics Program, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Taixing Cui
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Wenbin Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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12
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Shalapy NM, Liu M, Kang W. Protective effects of hepatic diseases by bioactive phytochemicals in Fusarium oxysporum - A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26562. [PMID: 38455549 PMCID: PMC10918022 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lately, liver diseases were categorized as one of the most prevalent health problems globally as it causes a severe threat to mankind all over the world due to the wide range of occurrence. There are multiple factors causing hepatic disorders, such as alcohol, virus, poisons, adverse effects of drugs, poor diet, inherited conditions and obesity. Liver diseases have various types including alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis and hepatic inflammation. Therefore, it is imperative to find effective and efficacious agents in managing liver diseases. Fusarium oxysporum, an endophytic fungus and containing many bioactive compounds, could be served as a forked medication for enormous number and types of maladies. It was characterized by producing biochemical compounds which had rare pharmacological properties as it may be found in a limit number of other medicinal plants. The majority of the past researches related to Fusarium oxysporum recited the fungal negative field either on the pathogenic effects of the fungus on economical crops or on the fungal chemical components to know how to resist it. The present review will highlight on the bright side of Fusarium oxysporum and introduce the functional activities of its chemical compounds for treating its target diseases. The key point of illustrated studies in this article is displaying wide range of detected bioactive compounds isolated from Fusarium oxysporum and in other illustrated studies it was elucidated the therapeutical and pharmacological potency of these biologically active compounds (isolated from medicinal plants sources) against different types of liver diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis and others. It was demonstrated that F. oxysporum contains unique types of isoflavones, flavonoids, phenols and another active chemical compounds, and these compounds showed recently a fabulous clinical contribution in the therapy of liver injury diseases, which opens new and unprecedented way for evaluating the maintaining efficacy of Fusarium oxysporum bioactive compounds in dealing with hepatic complications and its remedy impacting on liver diseases and injured hepatocytes through recommending implement a practical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa M. Shalapy
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ming Liu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Lackner S, Mahnert A, Moissl-Eichinger C, Madl T, Habisch H, Meier-Allard N, Kumpitsch C, Lahousen T, Kohlhammer-Dohr A, Mörkl S, Strobl H, Holasek S. Interindividual differences in aronia juice tolerability linked to gut microbiome and metabolome changes-secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention trial. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:49. [PMID: 38461313 PMCID: PMC10924357 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aronia melanocarpa is a berry rich in polyphenols known for health benefits. However, the bioavailability of polyphenols has been questioned, and the individual taste acceptance of the fruit with its specific flavor varies. We recently observed substantial differences in the tolerability of aronia juice among healthy females, with half of the individuals tolerating aronia juice without complaints. Given the importance of the gut microbiome in food digestion, we investigated in this secondary analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention study (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05432362) if aronia juice tolerability was associated with changes in intestinal microbiota and bacterial metabolites, seeking for potential mechanistic insights into the impact on aronia polyphenol tolerance and metabolic outcomes. RESULTS Forty females were enrolled for this 6-week trial, receiving either 100 ml natural aronia juice (verum, V) twice daily or a polyphenol-free placebo (P) with a similar nutritional profile, followed by a 6-week washout. Within V, individuals were categorized into those who tolerated the juice well (Vt) or reported complaints (Vc). The gut microbiome diversity, as analyzed by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing, remained unaltered in Vc but changed significantly in Vt. A MICOM-based flux balance analysis revealed pronounced differences in the 40 most predictive metabolites post-intervention. In Vc carbon-dioxide, ammonium and nine O-glycans were predicted due to a shift in microbial composition, while in Vt six bile acids were the most likely microbiota-derived metabolites. NMR metabolomics of plasma confirmed increased lipoprotein subclasses (LDL, VLDL) post-intervention, reverting after wash out. Stool samples maintained a stable metabolic profile. CONCLUSION In linking aronia polyphenol tolerance to gut microbiota-derived metabolites, our study explores adaptive processes affecting lipoprotein profiles during high polyphenol ingestion in Vt and examines effects on mucosal gut health in response to intolerance to high polyphenol intake in Vc. Our results underpin the importance of individualized hormetic dosing for beneficial polyphenol effects, demonstrate dynamic gut microbiome responses to aronia juice, and emphasize personalized responses in polyphenol interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Lackner
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Mahnert
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Moissl-Eichinger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Kumpitsch
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Theresa Lahousen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kohlhammer-Dohr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Division of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Auenbruggerplatz 3, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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14
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Li S, Li X, Sha Y, Qi S, Zhang X, Wang H, Wang Z, Zhao S, Jiao T. Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:715. [PMID: 38473100 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of isochlorogenic acid (ICGA) on ewes rumen environment, microbial diversity, and immunity at different physiological stages (estrus, pregnancy and lactation) were studied in this experiment. Twenty healthy female Hu lambs of 1.5 months with similar body weight (17.82 ± 0.98 kg) and body condition were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the control group (CON) and the ICGA group (ICGA). The lambs of CON were fed a basal diet, while the lambs of ICGA were supplemented with 0.1% ICGA based on the basal diet. Lambs rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial diversity and immunity at estrus, pregnancy, and lactation stages were determined and analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the rumen pH in CON increased first and then decreased as lambs grew (p < 0.05). However, it showed the opposite change in ICGA. The content of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) showed the highest at estrus stage in both groups, but it was significantly higher in ICGA than that in CON (p < 0.05). The Acetic acid/propionic acid (A/P) ratio at estrus stage and the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) at pregnancy stage in ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON (p < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that the Shannon, Chao 1 and ACE indexes of the ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON both at estrus and lactation stages (p < 0.05), while they showed higher at the pregnancy stage in CON (p > 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there were significant differences in rumen microorganism structure between CON and ICGA at all physiological stages (p < 0.01). At the phylum level, compared with the CON, Firmicutes relative abundance of three physiological stages decreased (p > 0.05) while Bacteroidota increased (p > 0.05). The relative abundance of Synergistota at estrus stage and Patescibacteria at the lactation stage increased significantly too (p < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON, the relative abundance of Prevotella at three stages showed the highest (p > 0.05), while the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum, unclassified_Selenomonadaceae and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group showed different abundances at different physiological stages in ICGA. Compared with the CON, the lambs of the ICGA showed higher blood IgG, IgM, and TNF- α contents at three physiological stages and higher IL-6 contents at pregnancy stage (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Adding ICGA could regulate ewes rumen fermentation mode at different physiological stages by increasing rumen NH3-N at estrus, VFAs at pregnancy, and the ratio of A/P at lactation. It optimizes rumen microbial flora of different physiological stages by increasing Bacteroidota relative abundance while reducing Firmicutes relative abundance, maintaining rumen microbial homeostasis at pregnant stage, increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in later lactating and ewes blood immunoglobulins content at three physiological stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Li
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiongxiong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuzhu Sha
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shuai Qi
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huning Wang
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ting Jiao
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Lyu CC, Ji XY, Che HY, Meng Y, Wu HY, Zhang JB, Zhang YH, Yuan B. CGA alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and milk fat reduction in BMECs through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25004. [PMID: 38317876 PMCID: PMC10838784 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is an easy clinical disease in dairy cows, which seriously affects the milk yield and quality of dairy cows. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenolic substance, is abundant in Eucommia ulmoides leaves and has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Here, we explore whether CGA attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and decreased milk fat in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). 10 μg/mL LPS was used to induce mastitis in BMECs. QRT-PCR, Western blotting, oil red O staining, and triglyceride (TG) assay were used to examine the effects of CGA on BMECs, including inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, and milk fat synthesis. The results showed that CGA repaired LPS-induced inflammation in BMECs. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS was decreased, and the expression levels of CHOP, XCT, NRF2, and HO-1 were increased, which reduced the oxidative stress level of cells and alleviated the reduction of milk fat synthesis. In addition, the regulation of P65 phosphorylation by CGA suggests that CGA may exert its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our study showed that CGA attenuated LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, and restored the decrease in milk fat content in BMECs by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao-Yu Che
- College of Animal Science, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yu Meng
- College of Animal Science, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Hong-Yu Wu
- College of Animal Science, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- College of Animal Science, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
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Li W, Hou Y, Wang Y, Liu R, Zhang H, Luo Y, Li Q, Njolibimi M, Hong B, Xu T. Shizao decoction for cirrhotic ascites: assessing potential targets based on network analysis combined with pharmacokinetics and metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298818. [PMID: 38323084 PMCID: PMC10844526 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Shizao decoction (SZD) is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction that has therapeutic effects on cirrhotic ascites (CAS). Because of the unclear treatment mechanism, in the current study, the anti-CAS activity of SZD and molecular mechanisms were analyzed by network analysis combined with pharmacokinetics and metabolomics. Methods: Firstly, we assessed the anti-CAS efficacy of SZD by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), liver function tests, NO and ET-1 levels, and portal venous pressure. Secondly, network analysis was applied to dig out the metabolites, targets, and pathways related to SZD and CAS. Then, the pharmacokinetics of the pharmacokinetically relevant metabolites (PRM) were analyzed. Thirdly, the serum and urine metabolic biomarkers of rats with CAS were identified using metabolomics by comparing them with the SZD treatment group. In addition, MetaboAnalyst was utilized to conduct metabolic pathway analysis. Finally, the correlation analysis established a dynamic connection between absorbed PRM from SZD and CAS-associated endogenous metabolites. Results: Pharmacodynamic analysis indicated that SZD effectively mitigated liver injury symptoms by ameliorating inflammatory cell infiltration in CAS rats. The network analysis results indicated that twelve RPM contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of SZD against CAS; the key signaling pathways involved might be hepatitis B and PI3K-Akt. Pharmacokinetics results showed that the 12 RPM were efficiently absorbed into rat plasma, ensuring desirable bioavailability. The metabolomic analysis yielded 21 and 23 significantly distinct metabolites from the serum and urine, respectively. The 12 bioavailable SZD-PRM, such as luteolin, apigenin, and rutin, may be associated with various CAS-altered metabolites related to tryptophan metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycine metabolism, etc. Discussion: A novel paradigm was provided in this study to identify the potential mechanisms of pharmacological effects derived from a traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yujiao Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Comprehensive Support Center, Arongqi Medical Security Bureau, Hulunbuir, China
| | - Ronghong Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Xichong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yanqiong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | | | - Bo Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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17
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Li Y, Zheng N, Gao X, Huang W, Wang H, Bao Y, Ge X, Tao X, Sheng L, Li H. The identification of material basis of Si Miao Formula effective for attenuating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116988. [PMID: 37541401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Si Miao Formula (SMF), a traditional Chinese medicine, originated from the "Cheng Fang Bian Du" during the Qing Dynasty and is commonly employed for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. We have demonstrated the anti-NAFLD effect of SMF by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism in high fat and high sucrose (HFHS) feeding mice in our previous report. However, the material basis of SMF for its anti-NAFLD effect remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To compare the effeciacy of different components of SMF and identify the material basis for its anti-NAFLD effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, a "Leave-one out" strategy was adopted by removing one herb from SMF each time, and the anti-NAFLD effects of four decomposed recipes containing three herbs were evaluated in C57BL/6J mice fed with an HFHS diet for 16 weeks. The chemical components of SMF and the absorbed entities in serum were assayed using UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap HRMS. Finally, a new chemical combination with four compounds (berberine, betaine, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, 2:2:1:1) were generated (SMF component composition, SMF_CC), and its anti-NAFLD effect was evaluated by comparing with the original SMF in the mouse model. RESULTS Varified effects on NAFLD mice were observed among the decomposed recipes of SMF, while the original SMF showed advantages over its decomposed recipes. A total of 111 chemicals were identified from SMF, and 21 of them were detected in serum after oral administration of SMF. Comparing to SMF, SMF_CC showed comparable anti-NAFLD effect in HFHS-diet-fed mice, which was associated with the inhibition of hepatic fatty acid synthesis and transport, as well as inflammation. CONCLUSION Our current results suggested that the original SMF was better than its decomposed recipes in NAFLD management, and the derived SMF_CC was also effective in inhibiting NAFLD formation, highlighting its potential of being a novel natural agent for NAFLD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xinxin Gao
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wenjin Huang
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yiyang Bao
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xinyu Ge
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xin Tao
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Sheng
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Mai H, Yang X, Xie Y, Zhou J, Wang Q, Wei Y, Yang Y, Lu D, Ye L, Cui P, Liang H, Huang J. The role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1257903. [PMID: 38249477 PMCID: PMC10797006 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1257903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and gut microbes are associated with the development and progression of NAFLD. Despite numerous studies exploring the changes in gut microbes associated with NAFLD, there was no consistent pattern of changes. Method We retrieved studies on the human fecal microbiota sequenced by 16S rRNA gene amplification associated with NAFLD from the NCBI database up to April 2023, and re-analyzed them using bioinformatic methods. Results We finally screened 12 relevant studies related to NAFLD, which included a total of 1,189 study subjects (NAFLD, n = 654; healthy control, n = 398; obesity, n = 137). Our results revealed a significant decrease in gut microbial diversity with the occurrence and progression of NAFLD (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI -0.42 to -0.21; p < 0.001). Alpha diversity and the increased abundance of several crucial genera, including Desulfovibrio, Negativibacillus, and Prevotella, can serve as an indication of their predictive risk ability for the occurrence and progression of NAFLD (all AUC > 0.7). The occurrence and progression of NAFLD are significantly associated with higher levels of LPS biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Conclusion This study elucidated gut microbes relevance to disease development and identified potential risk-associated microbes and functional pathways associated with NAFLD occurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhuo Mai
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xing Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yulan Xie
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiru Wei
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuecong Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dongjia Lu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Ye
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Nanning, China
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Nanning, China
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiegang Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Harwansh RK, Bhati H, Deshmukh R. Recent Updates on the Therapeutics Benefits, Clinical Trials, and Novel Delivery Systems of Chlorogenic Acid for the Management of Diseases with a Special Emphasis on Ulcerative Colitis. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:420-439. [PMID: 38299405 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128295753240129074035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial disorder of the large intestine, especially the colon, and has become a challenge globally. Allopathic medicines are primarily available for the treatment and prevention of UC. However, their uses are limited due to several side effects. Hence, an alternative therapy is of utmost importance in this regard. Herbal medicines are considered safe and effective for managing human health problems. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), the herbal-derived bioactive, has been reported for pharmacological effects like antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, etc. This review aims to understand the antiinflammatory and chemopreventive potential of CGA against UC. Apart from its excellent therapeutic potential, it has been associated with low absorption and poor oral bioavailability. In this context, colon-specific novel drug delivery systems (NDDS)are pioneering to overcome these problems. The pertinent literature was compiled from a thorough search on various databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, etc., utilizing numerous keywords, including ulcerative colitis, herbal drugs, CGA, pharmacological activities, mechanism of actions, nanoformulations, clinical updates, and many others. Relevant publications accessed till now were chosen, whereas non-relevant papers, unpublished data, and non-original articles were excluded. The present review comprises recent studies on pharmacological activities and novel drug delivery systems of CGA for managing UC. In addition, the clinical trials of CGA against UC have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit K Harwansh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Hemant Bhati
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Rohitas Deshmukh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
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Wen K, Zhang K, Gao W, Bai S, Wang J, Song W, Zeng Q, Peng H, Lv L, Xuan Y, Li S, Xu M, Ding X. Effects of stevia extract on production performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, and gut health of laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103188. [PMID: 37980742 PMCID: PMC10665936 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of stevia extract on production performance, serum immune indexes, intestinal structure, and cecum microbial structure. We randomly divided eight hundred 46-wk-old Roman hens into 5 groups, with 8 replicates in each group and 20 chickens in each replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, whereas the 4 experimental groups were fed 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg stevia extracts. The study period was 24 wk. The addition of different concentrations of the stevia extract to the diet resulted in significant secondary changes in the egg production rate at 1 to 12 wk (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of 50 and 100 mg/kg stevia extract to the diet significantly increased serum IgM and IgG levels in laying hens (P < 0.05) but linearly decreased serum IL-1β levels (P < 0.05). Serum T-SOD activity linearly increased (P = 0.057); however, serum biochemical indexes showed no significant differences. Stevia extract tended to increase the ratio of the duodenal villi height to the depth of the crypt (P = 0.067), with no obvious lesions in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In addition, stevia extract increased the relative abundance of species at the phylum level, with the abundance of Bacteroides and Firmicutes exhibiting significant secondary changes (P < 0.05). The ACE and Chao1 indexes suggested that stevia extract addition significantly increased the alpha diversity of cecum microorganisms in laying hens. Furthermore, NMDS analysis based on operational taxonomic units revealed that stevia extract addition increased the beta diversity of cecum microorganisms in laying hens. Adding a certain amount of stevia extract to feed can improve the production performance, immune ability, and intestinal health of laying hens to some extent, and we recommend an effective level of 200mg/kg of stevia extract for laying hen diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimei Wen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co, Ltd., Handan 057250, China; Hebei Province Plant Source Animal Health Products Technology Innovation Center, Handan 057250, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weiguang Song
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co, Ltd., Handan 057250, China; Hebei Province Plant Source Animal Health Products Technology Innovation Center, Handan 057250, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huanwei Peng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Lv
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yue Xuan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Meili Xu
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co, Ltd., Handan 057250, China; Hebei Province Plant Source Animal Health Products Technology Innovation Center, Handan 057250, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China.
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Hu Q, Zhang W, Wei F, Huang M, Shu M, Song D, Wen J, Wang J, Nian Q, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Human diet-derived polyphenolic compounds and hepatic diseases: From therapeutic mechanisms to clinical utilization. Phytother Res 2024; 38:280-304. [PMID: 37871899 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the potential ameliorative effects of polyphenolic compounds derived from human diet on hepatic diseases. It discusses the molecular mechanisms and recent advancements in clinical applications. Edible polyphenols have been found to play a therapeutic role, particularly in liver injury, liver fibrosis, NAFLD/NASH, and HCC. In the regulation of liver injury, polyphenols exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, primarily targeting the TGF-β, NF-κB/TLR4, PI3K/AKT, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. In the regulation of liver fibrosis, polyphenolic compounds effectively reverse the fibrotic process by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Furthermore, polyphenolic compounds show efficacy against NAFLD/NASH by inhibiting lipid oxidation and accumulation, mediated through the AMPK, SIRT, and PPARγ pathways. Moreover, several polyphenolic compounds exhibit anti-HCC activity by suppressing tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. This inhibition primarily involves blocking Akt and Wnt signaling, as well as inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, clinical trials and nutritional evidence support the notion that certain polyphenols can improve liver disease and associated metabolic disorders. However, further fundamental research and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy of dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meilan Huang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ren G, Bai C, Yi S, Cong Q, Zhu Y. Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for MAFLD Targeting TLR4 Signaling Pathways. J Innate Immun 2023; 16:45-55. [PMID: 38128497 PMCID: PMC10783892 DOI: 10.1159/000535524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are intricate and involve various factors. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of available effective treatment options. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern-recognition receptors that are responsible for activating the innate immune system. Research has demonstrated that TLR4 plays a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD by facilitating the pathophysiological mechanisms. SUMMARY Lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory factors, insulin resistance (IR), and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota are considered as the pathogenic mechanisms of MAFLD. This review summarizes the impact of TLR4 signaling pathways on the progression of MAFLD, specifically in relation to lipid metabolic disorders, IR, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota disorders. Additionally, we emphasize the potential therapeutic approaches for MAFLD that target TLR4 signaling pathways, including the use of plant extracts, traditional Chinese medicines, probiotics, pharmaceuticals such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor antagonists and farnesol X agonists, and lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and exercise also considered. Furthermore, TLR4 signaling pathways have also been linked to the lean MAFLD. KEY MESSAGES TLR4 plays a crucial role in MAFLD by triggering IR, buildup of lipids, imbalance in gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and initiation of immune responses. The mitigation of MAFLD can be accomplished by suppressing the TLR4 signaling pathway. In the future, it could potentially emerge as a therapeutic target for the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,
| | - Changchuan Bai
- Dalian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Sitong Yi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Cong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Yin Y, Xie Y, Wu Z, Qian Q, Yang H, Li S, Li X. Preventive Effects of Apple Polyphenol Extract on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis Are Related to the Regulation of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism, Autophagy, and Gut Microbiota in Aged Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20011-20033. [PMID: 38055797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study confirmed that the ameliorated effects of an intervention with an apple polyphenol extract (APE) on hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) are dependent on SIRT1. Since SIRT1 expression decreases with age, it remains unclear whether APE intervention is effective against hepatic steatosis in aged mice. Thus, 12-month-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed with an HFD to establish an aging model of hepatic steatosis and treated with 500 mg/(kg·bw·d) APE for 12 weeks. Young mice (two months old) and baseline mice were used as controls to examine the effects of natural aging on hepatic steatosis. Compared with baseline mice, no obvious difference in hepatic histopathological assessment was observed for both young and aged mice on normal diets. Meanwhile, HFD induced much higher nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity scores in aged mice than in young mice. APE intervention ameliorated lipid and glucose metabolic disorders and liver injury in HFD-fed aged mice, improved hepatic steatosis, and reduced NAFLD activity scores. The upregulated expressions of SIRT1, HSL, ATG5, Ulk1, and Becn1 and downregulated expressions of HMGCR and FOXO1 suggested improved lipid metabolism and activated autophagy. APE intervention decreased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and elevated the Akkermansia probiotics abundance. In summary, HFD showed a more significant effect on hepatic steatosis compared to the natural aging process in aged mice, and APE might be a promising dietary ingredient for alleviating hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yisha Xie
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zhengli Wu
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qingfan Qian
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Shilan Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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Bacil GP, Romualdo GR, Rodrigues J, Barbisan LF. Indole-3-carbinol and chlorogenic acid combination modulates gut microbiome and attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a murine model. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113513. [PMID: 37986509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting almost 32% of the population and ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recent findings indicate that the fast-growing prevalence of NAFLD might be linked to adherence to a Westernized diet (WD), mostly composed of fat/sugar-enriched foods. The WD has been reportedly targeted as a potential driver of gut-liver axis unbalance, suggesting a major role in NASH. On the other hand, bioactive food compounds feature as a potential chemopreventive strategy against NASH, due to their beneficial effects (i.e, anti-inflammatory/oxidant activity and modulation of gut microbiome). Brassicaceae vegetables are known for their high amount of isothiocyanates and polyphenols, as indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and chlorogenic acid (CGA). Thus, we sought to assess the effects of human relevant doses of I3C and CGA isolated or in combination (5/125 mg/Kg of body weight, respectively) on a diet/chemical-induced murine model of NASH. I3C + CGA oral treatment diminished NAFLD activity score (NAS) (p < 0.0001), as well as alleviated the hepatic lipid (p = 0.0011) accumulation, prevented hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation (p < 0.0001), and subsequent fibrosis (p < 0.0001). The combination also reduced the number of both hepatic CD68-positive macrophages (p < 0.0001) and cleaved caspase-3 hepatocytes (p < 0.0001) and diminished the malondialdehyde levels (p = 0.0155). Additionally, the combination of I3C + CGA restored the relative abundance of Alistipes (p = 0.0299), Allobaculum (p = 0.0014), Bacteroides (p = 0.0046), and Odoribacter (p = 0.0030) bacteria genera on the gut microbiome. Taken together, these findings show that the combination of I3C + CGA at populational-relevant ingestion, rather than the I3C or CGA alone, was able to modulate gut microbiome and attenuate NASH in this hybrid model mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel P Bacil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Romualdo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Josias Rodrigues
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiome and Bacterian Genomics (LMGB), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luís F Barbisan
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Multimodel Drug Screening Platform - Laboratory of Chemically induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (MDSP-LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Chemically Induced and Experimental Carcinogenesis (LCQE), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Ling X, Yan W, Yang F, Jiang S, Chen F, Li N. Research progress of chlorogenic acid in improving inflammatory diseases. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:1611-1620. [PMID: 38432890 PMCID: PMC10929889 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Long-term inflammation will develop into chronic inflammation and become inflammatory diseases. Antibiotics are commonly used in clinical practice to treat inflammatory diseases. But patients are prone to drug resistance. So we need to find new treatment. Chlorogenic acid is an organic compound extracted from honeysuckle and other plants. Its anti-inflammatory activity is strong, and it has a significant anti-inflammatory effect on inflammatory diseases in various systems. It has been shown that chlorogenic acid can regulate inflammation-related signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) canonical signaling pathway, NF-κB atypical signaling pathway, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) canonical signaling pathway, and Nrf2 atypical signaling pathway, etc. It can up-regulate the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-13 and down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. Although chlorogenic acid has a strong anti-inflammatory effect, but clinical trials and application still face many difficulties. In the future, the anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism of chlorogenic acid should be further studied to explore its clinical application value and improve new ideas for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Ling
- Nursing School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006.
| | - Wei Yan
- Nursing School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006
| | - Fen Yang
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Shuling Jiang
- Nursing School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006
| | - Fuqing Chen
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.
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Meng F, Song C, Liu J, Chen F, Zhu Y, Fang X, Cao Q, Ma D, Wang Y, Zhang C. Chlorogenic Acid Modulates Autophagy by Inhibiting the Activity of ALKBH5 Demethylase, Thereby Ameliorating Hepatic Steatosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15073-15086. [PMID: 37805933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a naturally occurring plant component with the purpose of alleviating hepatic lipid deposition biological activities. However, the molecular mechanism behind this ability of CGA remains unelucidated. Consequently, we investigated the effect of CGA on hepatic lipid accumulation and elucidated its underlying mechanism. Our study used a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model in mice to investigate the impact of CGA on hepatic lipid accumulation. The results revealed that the oral administration of CGA can ameliorate HFD-induced hepatic lipid deposition, reduce the NAFLD activity score (NAS), enhance liver autophagy, mitigate liver cell structural damage, and inhibit the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Meanwhile, CGA treatment increased the LC3B:LC3B ratio and decreased P62 expression. Cell experiments demonstrated that autophagy contributes to the ability of CGA to alleviate lipid deposition. Further analysis revealed that CGA specifically binds to ALKBH5 and inhibits its m6A methylase activity. The inhibition of ALKBH5 activity significantly reduces AXL mRNA stability in liver cells. The AXL downregulation resulted in suppressing ERK signaling pathway activation. Overall, this study demonstrates that CGA can alleviate hepatic steatosis by regulating autophagy through the inhibition of ALKBH5 activity inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fantong Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Chengchuang Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - YuHua Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Xingtang Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Qinghe Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
- Sweetpotato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Daifu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
- Sweetpotato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
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Zheng C, Zhong Y, Zhang W, Wang Z, Xiao H, Zhang W, Xie J, Peng X, Luo J, Xu W. Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates Post-Infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Regulating Extracellular Vesicles of Gut Microbes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302798. [PMID: 37616338 PMCID: PMC10558682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) occurs after acute infectious diarrhea, and dysbiosis can be involved in its pathogenesis. Here, the role of chlorogenic acid (CGA) is investigated, a natural compound with several pharmacological properties, in alleviating PI-IBS in rats. It is elucidated that the gut microbiota plays a key role in PI-IBS pathogenesis and that rectal administration of CGA alleviated PI-IBS by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites. CGA supplementation significantly increased fecal Bacteroides acidifaciens abundance and glycine levels. Glycine structurally altered B. acidifaciens extracellular vesicles (EVs) and enriched functional proteins in the EVs; glycine-induced EVs alleviated PI-IBS by reducing inflammation and hypersensitivity of the intestinal viscera and maintaining mucosal barrier function. Moreover, B. acidifaciens EVs are enriched in the brain tissue. Thus, CGA mediates the mitigation of PI-IBS through the gut microbiota and its metabolites. This study proposes a novel mechanism of signal exchange between the gut microenvironment and the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihua Zheng
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Yuchun Zhong
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Zhuoya Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Haili Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
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Wang L, Yan Y, Wu L, Peng J. Natural products in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Novel lead discovery for drug development. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106925. [PMID: 37714392 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
With changing lifestyles, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. A substantial increase in the incidence, mortality, and associated burden of NAFLD-related advanced liver disease is expected. Currently, the initial diagnosis of NAFLD is still based on ultrasound and there is no approved treatment method. Lipid-lowering drugs, vitamin supplementation, and lifestyle improvement treatments are commonly used in clinical practice. However, most lipid-lowering drugs can produce poor patient compliance and specific adverse effects. Therefore, the exploration of bio-diagnostic markers and active lead compounds for the development of innovative drugs is urgently needed. More and more studies have reported the anti-NAFLD effects and mechanisms of natural products (NPs), which have become an important source for new drug development to treat NAFLD due to their high activity and low side effects. At present, berberine and silymarin have been approved by the US FDA to enter clinical phase IV studies, demonstrating the potential of NPs against NAFLD. Studies have found that the regulation of lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation-related pathways may play important roles in the process. With the continuous updating of technical means and scientific theories, in-depth research on the targets and mechanisms of NPs against NAFLD can provide new possibilities to find bio-diagnostic markers and innovative drugs. As we know, FXR agonists, PPARα agonists, and dual CCR2/5 inhibitors are gradually coming on stage for the treatment of NAFLD. Whether NPs can exert anti-NAFLD effects by regulating these targets or some unknown targets remains to be further studied. Therefore, the study reviewed the potential anti-NAFLD NPs and their targets. Some works on the discovery of new targets and the docking of active lead compounds were also discussed. It is hoped that this review can provide some reference values for the development of non-invasive diagnostic markers and new drugs against NAFLD in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yonghuan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Linfang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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Moghtadaie A, Mahboobi H, Fatemizadeh S, Kamal MA. Emerging role of nanotechnology in treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:946-974. [PMID: 38023570 PMCID: PMC10630531 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevailing health challenge that requires urgent innovative interventions. This review explores the role of nanotechnology as a promising potential in the treatment of NAFLD. It delineates the limitations of the current management strategies for NAFLD and highlights the new nanotechnology-based treatments including nanoemulsions, liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, inorganic nanoparticles, and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Despite the optimism surrounding the nanotechnological approach, the review underscores the need to address the limitations such as technical challenges, potential toxicity, and ethical considerations that impede the practical application of nanotechnology in NAFLD management. It advocates for collaborative efforts from researchers, clinicians, ethicists, and policymakers to achieve safe, effective, and equitable nanotechnology-based treatments for NAFLD. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Atie Moghtadaie
- Clinical Fellow in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mahboobi
- Clinical Fellow in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Fatemizadeh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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Xue H, Wei M, Ji L. Chlorogenic acids: A pharmacological systematic review on their hepatoprotective effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154961. [PMID: 37453191 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver diseases have a negative impact on global health and are a leading cause of death worldwide. Chlorogenic acids (CGAs), a family of esters formed between certain trans-cinnamic acids and quinic acid, are natural polyphenols abundant in coffee, tea, and a variety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). They are reported to have good hepatoprotective effects against various liver diseases. PURPOSE This review aims to analyze the available literature on the hepatoprotective effect of CGAs, with particular emphasis on their mechanisms. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed and Web of Science databases were adopted to retrieve all relevant literature on CGAs for liver disease from 2013 to March 2023. RESULTS Research has indicated that CGAs play a crucial role in improving different types of liver diseases, including drug-induced liver injury (DILI), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), cholestatic liver disease (CLD), liver fibrosis, and liver cancer. CGAs display remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Some important molecules such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and other key physiological processes like intestinal barrier and gut microbiota have also been discovered to participate in CGAs-provided amelioration on various liver diseases. CONCLUSION In this review, different studies indicate that CGAs have an excellent protective effect against various liver diseases associated with various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Xue
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengjuan Wei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Hegazi OE, Alalalmeh SO, Alnuaimi GRH, Shahwan M, Jairoun AA, Alorfi NM, Majrashi SA, Alkhanani MF, Alkhattabi A, Alourfi MM, Alsolami FA, Alsharif S, Alshahrani H. NAFLD and nutraceuticals: a review of completed phase III and IV clinical trials. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1227046. [PMID: 37601777 PMCID: PMC10433184 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1227046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become a significant public health concern, affecting approximately one-fourth of the population. Despite its prevalence, no FDA-approved drug treatments specifically target NAFLD. Aim To provide a review of clinical trials investigating the use of herbal remedies and dietary supplements in NAFLD management, utilizing the ClinicalTrials.gov database. Methods This review evaluates the current evidence by examining completed phase III and IV clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. An exhaustive search was performed on April 17, 2023, using the terms "Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease" and "NAFLD." Two independent reviewers appraised eligible trials based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results An initial search yielded 1,226 clinical trials, with 12 meeting the inclusion criteria after filtration. The majority of trials focused on Omega-3 fatty acids (20.0%) and vitamin D (26.7%), followed by caffeine, chlorogenic acid, ginger, phosphatidylcholine, Trigonella Foenum-graecum seed extract, vitamin C, and vitamin E (each 6.7%). Most studies were Phase 3 (75.0%) and used a parallel assignment model (91.7%). Quadruple masking was the most prevalent technique (58.3%), and Iran was the leading country in terms of trial locations (25.0%). These interventions constitute two herbal interventions and nine supplement interventions. Conclusion This reveals a diverse range of nutraceuticals, with Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D being predominant in the management of NAFLD. The global distribution of trials highlights the widespread interest in these therapeutics. However, more rigorous, large-scale trials are needed to establish safety, efficacy, and optimal dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar E. Hegazi
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samer O. Alalalmeh
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghala Rashid Humaid Alnuaimi
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun
- Health and Safety Department, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nasser M. Alorfi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A. Majrashi
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustfa Faisal Alkhanani
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mansour M. Alourfi
- Department of Gastroenterology, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Internal Medicine Department, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Region, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris A. Alsolami
- Khulais General Hospital, Makkah cluster, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alsharif
- Gastroenterology Department, Armed force hospital of Southern region, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim Alshahrani
- Internal medicine Department, Khamis Mushait General hospital, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
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Cheng K, Niu J, Zhang J, Qiao Y, Dong G, Guo R, Zheng X, Song Z, Huang J, Wang J, Zhang Y. Hepatoprotective effects of chlorogenic acid on mice exposed to aflatoxin B1: Modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Toxicon 2023; 231:107177. [PMID: 37276986 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is widely distributed in crops and feeds, and ingestion of AFB1-contaminated crops is harmful to human/animal health. This study was designed to investigate hepatoprotective effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA), due to its excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, on mice exposed to AFB1. Male Kunming mice were orally fed with CGA prior to daily AFB1 exposure for 18 consecutive days. The results showed that CGA treatment reduced the serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase, hepatic malondialdehyde content and pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis, prevented histopathological changes of the liver, increased hepatic glutathione level, catalase activity and IL10 mRNA expression in mice subjected to AFB1. Taken together, CGA exerted the protective effect on AFB1-induced hepatic damage by modulating redox status and inflammation, suggesting that CGA may be a candidate compound for the treatment of aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Cheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingyi Niu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Qiao
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guorun Dong
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Song
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Lv H, Li P, Wang Z, Gao M, Li G, Nie W, Xiao L, Lv Z, Guo Y. Effects of Dietary Supplemental Chlorogenic Acid and Baicalin on the Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1645. [PMID: 37629502 PMCID: PMC10455899 DOI: 10.3390/life13081645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental chlorogenic acid and baicalin (CAB) on the growth performance and immunity of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This study was designed as a factorial arrangement of 2 dietary CAB treatments × 2 LPS treatments. Birds challenged with or without LPS were fed with a basic diet (CON) and (LPS), the level of CAB diet containing 500 mg/kg CAB(CAB) and (CAB + LPS). The feeding trial lasted for 42 days. Results showed that there was a negative effect on average daily weight gain (ADG) and average body weight of broilers during the animal trial with LPS challenge. The levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), lysozyme (LYZ), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and IgA in the serum, the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in the spleen were elevated with LPS treated. Additionally, LPS treatment tended to reduce the jejunal villi height (VH) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the serum. Dietary supplemental 500 mg/kg CAB increased the body weight and ADG and improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the trial period. In addition, dietary 500 mg/kg CAB elevated the ratio of VH to crypt depth in the jejunum and reduced the content of protein carbonyl. Beyond that, the levels of IgG and IgA in the serum and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) in the spleen were up-regulated with 500 mg/kg CAB supplementation. In conclusion, dietary CAB was beneficial for growth performance and immunity of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (M.G.); (G.L.); (W.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Peng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Daxing District, Beijing 102218, China;
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (M.G.); (G.L.); (W.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (M.G.); (G.L.); (W.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wei Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (M.G.); (G.L.); (W.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Lei Xiao
- Hubei Lan Good Microbial Technology Co., Ltd., Yichang 443100, China;
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (M.G.); (G.L.); (W.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (H.L.); (M.G.); (G.L.); (W.N.); (Z.L.)
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Wang ZY, Yin Y, Li DN, Zhao DY, Huang JQ. Biological Activities of p-Hydroxycinnamic Acids in Maintaining Gut Barrier Integrity and Function. Foods 2023; 12:2636. [PMID: 37444374 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that p-Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs), including ferulic, caffeic, sinapic, and p-coumaric acids, possess a characteristic phenylpropanoid C6-C3 backbone and account for about one-third of the phenolic compounds in our diet. HCAs are typically associated with various plant cell wall components, including mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, sterols, polyamines, glycoproteins, and lignins. Interestingly, enzymes produced by intestinal microbes liberate HCAs from these associations. HCAs are completely absorbed in their free form upon ingestion and undergo specific reactions upon absorption in the small intestine or liver. The gut epithelium, composed of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), acts as a physical barrier against harmful bacteria and a site for regulated interactions between bacteria and the gut lumen. Thus, maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier is essential for establishing a physiochemical environment conducive to homeostasis. This review summarizes the protective effects of HCAs on the intestinal barrier, achieved through four mechanisms: preserving tight junction proteins (TJPs), modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, exerting antioxidant activity, and regulating the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ying Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong-Ni Li
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan-Yue Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun-Qing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Ye L, Fan S, Zhao P, Wu C, Liu M, Hu S, Wang P, Wang H, Bi H. Potential herb‒drug interactions between anti-COVID-19 drugs and traditional Chinese medicine. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:S2211-3835(23)00203-4. [PMID: 37360014 PMCID: PMC10239737 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide. Effective treatments against COVID-19 remain urgently in need although vaccination significantly reduces the incidence, hospitalization, and mortality. At present, antiviral drugs including Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (PaxlovidTM), Remdesivir, and Molnupiravir have been authorized to treat COVID-19 and become more globally available. On the other hand, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the treatment of epidemic diseases for a long history. Currently, various TCM formulae against COVID-19 such as Qingfei Paidu decoction, Xuanfei Baidu granule, Huashi Baidu granule, Jinhua Qinggan granule, Lianhua Qingwen capsule, and Xuebijing injection have been widely used in clinical practice in China, which may cause potential herb-drug interactions (HDIs) in patients under treatment with antiviral drugs and affect the efficacy and safety of medicines. However, information on potential HDIs between the above anti-COVID-19 drugs and TCM formulae is lacking, and thus this work seeks to summarize and highlight potential HDIs between antiviral drugs and TCM formulae against COVID-19, and especially pharmacokinetic HDIs mediated by metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters. These well-characterized HDIs could provide useful information on clinical concomitant medicine use to maximize clinical outcomes and minimize adverse and toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shicheng Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chenghua Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Menghua Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Peng Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huichang Bi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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El-Bana MA, Ashour MN, Rasheed WI, Diab YM, Medhat D. Bombax ceiba Linn. leaf extract rich in phenolic compounds to mitigate non-alcoholic fatty liver-related complications in experimental model. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:343-352. [PMID: 36935561 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance (IR), and hypertriglyceridemia are common features observed in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). There is a critical medical necessity to find novel therapeutics that can halt the development of NAFLD. METHODS Bombax ceiba Linn. leaf extract was prepared and its phytochemical profile was determined. Standard and high carbohydrate high-fat diets (HCHF) were prepared. Rats were fed HCHF for 18 weeks to induce a non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) model. Forty male rats were divided into control, B. ceiba Linn. leaf extract, NAFL, prophylactic, and treated groups. Serum fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), intelectin-1 (ITLN1), p38 MAP kinase (MAPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated. RESULTS Data obtained showed that HCHF-induced NAFL resulting in a significant increase in FBS, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, LDL, TG, ALT, AST, and IL-6 and a significant decrease in serum levels of HDL, ITLN1, p38 MAP kinase, and PPAR-α compared to the control group. The analysis of B. ceiba Linn. leaf extract showed high content of phenol compounds which may cause a significant decrease in the levels of FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR values, lipid profile, and levels of IL-6 while a significant increase in serum levels of LDL, ITLN1, p38 MAP kinase, and PPAR-α compared to the NAFL group. CONCLUSIONS B. ceiba Linn. Leaf extract is a highly protective and promising therapeutic agent against inflammation and oxidative stress in the NAFLD model induced by HCHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A El-Bana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Magdi N Ashour
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wafaa I Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Diab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Dalia Medhat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Moslehi A, Komeili-Movahhed T, Ahmadian M, Ghoddoosi M, Heidari F. Chlorogenic acid attenuates liver apoptosis and inflammation in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:478-485. [PMID: 37009010 PMCID: PMC10008392 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.66827.14659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)results in a state known as "ER stress". It can affect the fate of proteins and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several diseases. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of chlorogenic acid (CA) on the inflammation and apoptosis of tunicamycin-induced ER stress in mice. Materials and Methods We categorized mice into six groups: Saline, Vehicle, CA, TM, CA 20-TM, and CA 50-TM. The mice received CA (20 or 50 mg/kg) before intraperitoneal tunicamycin injection. After 72 hr of treatment, serum biochemical analysis, histopathological alterations, protein and/or mRNA levels of steatosis, and inflammatory and apoptotic markers were investigated by ELISA and/or RT-PCR. Results We found that 20 mg/kg CA decreased mRNA levels of Grp78, Ire-1, and Perk. Moreover, CA supplementation prevented TM-induced liver injury through changes in lipid accumulation and lipogenesis markers of steatosis (Srebp-1c, Ppar- α , and Fas), and exerted an inhibitory effect on inflammatory (NF- κ B, Tnf- α , and Il-6) and apoptotic markers (caspase 3, p53, Bax, and Bcl2), of liver tissue in ER stress mice. Conclusion These data suggest that CA ameliorates hepatic apoptosis and inflammation by reducing NF-κB and Caspase 3 as related key factors between inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Moslehi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Ahmadian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Ghoddoosi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Corresponding author: Fatemeh Heidari. Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. Tel: +98-25 31971046; Fax: +98-25-33209127;
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Gu X, Wei M, Hu F, Ouyang H, Huang Z, Lu B, Ji L. Chlorogenic acid ameliorated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via alleviating hepatic inflammation initiated by LPS/TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 376:110461. [PMID: 36965689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe pathological stage in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is generally recognized to be induced by chronic inflammation. Natural compound chlorogenic acid (CGA) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory capacity. This study aimed at evaluating the alleviation of CGA on NASH and further exploring its engaged mechanism via focusing on abrogating hepatic inflammation. Our results showed that CGA had a good amelioration on NASH in vivo. CGA alleviated liver oxidative injury by inducing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and reduced liver steatosis via up-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα). CGA attenuated hepatic inflammation in vivo, but didn't decrease the elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content. CGA blocked the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) or inflammasome both in MCDD-fed mice and in LPS-stimulated macrophages. CGA was found to directly bind to myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), and thus competitively blocked the interaction between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MyD88, thereby abrogating hepatic inflammation initiated by LPS-TLR4-MyD88. Moreover, the CGA-provided anti-inflammatory effect was obviously disappeared in macrophages overexpressed MyD88. Hence, CGA has an excellent efficacy in improving NASH. CGA alleviated liver inflammation during NASH progression through blocking LPS-TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway via directly binding to MyD88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Gu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengjuan Wei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Feifei Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Ouyang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Chu L, Su D, Wang H, Aili D, Yimingniyazi B, Jiang Q, Dai J. Association between Antibiotic Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051290. [PMID: 36904289 PMCID: PMC10005743 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous studies have shown an association between clinically used antibiotics and type 2 diabetes, the relationship between antibiotic exposure from food and drinking water and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults is unclear. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at exploring the relationship between antibiotic exposures from different sources and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older people, through urinary antibiotic biomonitoring. METHODS A total of 525 adults who were 45-75 years of age were recruited from Xinjiang in 2019. The total urinary concentrations of 18 antibiotics in five classes (tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and chloramphenicol) commonly used in daily life were measured via isotope dilution ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The antibiotics included four human antibiotics, four veterinary antibiotics and ten preferred veterinary antibiotics. The hazard quotient (HQ) of each antibiotic and the hazard index (HI) based on the mode of antibiotic use and effect endpoint classification were also calculated. Type 2 diabetes was defined on the basis of international levels. RESULTS The overall detection rate of the 18 antibiotics in middle-aged and older adults was 51.0%. The concentration, daily exposure dose, HQ, and HI were relatively high in participants with type 2 diabetes. After model adjustment for covariates, participants with HI > 1 for microbial effects (OR = 3.442, 95%CI: 1.423-8.327), HI > 1 for preferred veterinary antibiotic use (OR = 3.348, 95%CI: 1.386-8.083), HQ > 1 for norfloxacin (OR = 10.511, 96%CI: 1.571-70.344) and HQ > 1 for ciprofloxacin (OR = 6.565, 95%CI: 1.676-25.715) had a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS Certain antibiotic exposures, mainly those from sources associated with food and drinking water, generate health risks and are associated with type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults. Because of this study's cross-sectional design, additional prospective studies and experimental studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 Shangde North Road, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Deqi Su
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 Shangde North Road, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Hexing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dilihumaer Aili
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 Shangde North Road, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Bahegu Yimingniyazi
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 Shangde North Road, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianghong Dai
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 Shangde North Road, Urumqi 830000, China
- Correspondence:
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Machado M, Ferreira H, Oliveira MBPP, Alves RC. Coffee by-products: An underexplored source of prebiotic ingredients. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7181-7200. [PMID: 36847145 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2181761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Consumers' demand for foods with high nutritional value and health benefits has fueled the development of prebiotic foods. In coffee industry, cherries transformation into roasted beans generates a large amount of waste/by-products (pulp/husks, mucilage, parchment, defective beans, silverskin and spent coffee grounds) that usually end up in landfills. The possibility to use coffee by-products as relevant sources of prebiotic ingredients is herein ascertained. As a prelude to this discussion, an overview of pertinent literature on prebiotic action was conducted, including on biotransformation of prebiotics, gut microbiota, and metabolites. Existing research indicates that coffee by-products contain significant levels of dietary fiber and other components that can improve gut health by stimulating beneficial bacteria in the colon, making them excellent candidates for prebiotic ingredients. Oligosaccharides from coffee by-products have lower digestibility than inulin and can be fermented by gut microbiota into functional metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. Depending on the concentration, melanoidins and chlorogenic acids may also have prebiotic action. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of in vivo studies to validate such findings in vitro. This review shows how coffee by-products can be interesting for the development of functional foods, contributing to sustainability, circular economy, food security, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Machado
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita C Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Guo J, Wang P, Cui Y, Hu X, Chen F, Ma C. Protective Effects of Hydroxyphenyl Propionic Acids on Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041043. [PMID: 36839401 PMCID: PMC9959022 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota imbalances lead to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is primarily accompanied by hepatic steatosis. Hydroxyphenyl propionic acids (HPP) have shown great potential in inhibiting lipid accumulation but their protective effects concerning NAFLD and intestinal microbiota have remained unclear. In this paper, we investigated the efficacies of 3-HPP and 4-HPP on hepatic steatosis and gut flora in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). We found that 3-HPP and 4-HPP administration decreased body weight and liver index, ameliorated dyslipidemia, and alleviated hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, 3-HPP and 4-HPP enhanced the multiformity of gut microbiota; improved the relative abundance of GCA-900066575, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 at genus level; increased concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid and butanoic acid in faeces; and reduced systemic endotoxin levels in NAFLD mice. Moreover, 4-HPP upregulated the relative abundance of genera Rikenella and downregulated the relative abundance of Faecalibaculum. Furthermore, 3-HPP and 4-HPP regulated lipid metabolism and ameliorated gut dysbiosis in NAFLD mice and 4-HPP was more effective than 3-HPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yifan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-4777-3782
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Huang X, Yang Y, Li X, Zhu X, Lin D, Ma Y, Zhou M, Cui X, Zhang B, Dang D, Lü Y, Yue C. The gut microbiota: A new perspective for tertiary prevention of hepatobiliary and gallbladder diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1089909. [PMID: 36814514 PMCID: PMC9940272 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1089909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that has coevolved with the human body for hundreds of millions of years. In the past 30 years, with the progress of gene sequencing and omics technology, the research related to gut microbiota has developed rapidly especially in the field of digestive system diseases and systemic metabolic diseases. Mechanical, biological, immune, and other factors make the intestinal flora form a close bidirectional connection with the liver and gallbladder, which can be called the "gut-liver-biliary axis." Liver and gallbladder, as internal organs of the peritoneum, suffer from insidious onset, which are not easy to detect. The diagnosis is often made through laboratory chemical tests and imaging methods, and intervention measures are usually taken only when organic lesions have occurred. At this time, some people may have entered the irreversible stage of disease development. We reviewed the literature describing the role of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis and biotherapy of hepatobiliary diseases in the past 3-5 years, including the dynamic changes of intestinal flora at different stages of the disease, as well as the signaling pathways involved in intestinal flora and its metabolites, etc. After summarizing the above contents, we hope to highlight the potential of intestinal flora as a new clinical target for early prevention, early diagnosis, timely treatment and prognosis of hepatobiliary diseases. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueli Li
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhu
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Lin
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yueran Ma
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangyi Cui
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongmei Dang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhong Lü
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changwu Yue
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
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Abstract
Liver fibrosis has a high incidence worldwide and is the common pathological basis of many chronic liver diseases. Liver fibrosis is caused by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and concomitant collagen accumulation in livers and can lead to the development of liver cirrhosis and even liver cancer. A large number of studies have provided evidence that liver fibrosis can be blocked or even reversed by appropriate medical interventions. However, the antifibrosis drugs with ideal clinical efficacy are still insufficient. The edible plant-derived natural compounds have been reported to exert effective antifibrotic effects with few side-effects, representing a kind of promising source for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this article, we reviewed the current progress of the natural compounds derived from dietary plants in the treatment of liver fibrosis, including phenolic compounds (capsaicin, chlorogenic acid, curcumin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, sinapic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid and vitamin E), flavonoid compounds (genistein, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, naringin and quercetin), sulfur-containing compounds (S-allylcysteine, ergothioneine, lipoic acid and sulforaphane) and other compounds (betaine, caffeine, cucurbitacin B, lycopene, α-mangostin, γ-mangostin, ursolic acid, vitamin C and yangonin). The pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of these compounds in in-vivo and in-vitro models of liver fibrosis are focused.
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Tian H, Fang Y, Liu W, Wang J, Zhao J, Tang H, Yin Y, Hu Y, Peng J. Inhibition on XBP1s-driven lipogenesis by Qushi Huayu Decoction contributes to amelioration of hepatic steatosis induced by fructose. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115806. [PMID: 36216198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qushi Huayu Decoction (QHD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula consisting of five herbs, which has been used for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment in clinic for decades in China and validated in several NAFLD animal models. The hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is enhanced greatly to contribute to steatosis in NAFLD. The spliced form of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) initiates DNL independently of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) and carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP). AIM OF THE STUDY To disclose the mechanism of inhibition on hepatic DNL by QHD and the responsible compounds. METHODS The effects of QHD on hepatic DNL were evaluated in mice induced by high-fructose diet (HFru). The effects of the serum-absorbed compounds of QHD on XBP1s were evaluated in HepG2 cells induced by tunicamycin. Hepatic histology, triglyceride (TG) and nonesterified fatty acids were observed. Hepatic apolipoprotein B100 and very low-density lipoprotein were measured to reflect lipid out-transport. The mRNA expression of XBP1s and its target genes were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression of TG synthetases and DNL enzymes, and inositol requirement enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α), phosphorylated IRE1α and XBP1s were detected in liver tissue and HepG2 cells by western-blot. The binding activity of SREBP1, protein expression of ChREBP and XBP1s were detected in the nuclear extracts of liver tissue. RESULTS Dynamical observing suggested feeding with HFru for 2 weeks was sufficient to induce hepatic lipogenesis and XBP1s. QHD ameliorated liver steatosis without enhancing out-transport of lipids, accompanied with more inhibitory effects on DNL enzymes than TG synthetases. QHD inhibits the nuclear XBP1s without affecting ChREBP and SREBP1. In QHD, chlorogenic acid, geniposide and polydatin inhibit lipogenesis initiated by XPB1s. CONCLUSION QHD probably decreases hepatic DNL by inhibiting XBP1s independent of SREBP1 and ChREBP. Chlorogenic acid, geniposide and polydatin are the potential responsible compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Tian
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixiao Yin
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinghua Peng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China.
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Wang W, Shang H, Li J, Ma Y, Xu C, Ma J, Hou J, Jiang Z. Four Different Structural Dietary Polyphenols, Especially Dihydromyricetin, Possess Superior Protective Effect on Ethanol-Induced ICE-6 and AML-12 Cytotoxicity: The Role of CYP2E1 and Keap1-Nrf2 Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1518-1530. [PMID: 36637065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have received attention as dietary supplements for the relief of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) due to various bioactivities. Ethanol-induced rat small intestinal epithelial cell 6 (IEC-6) and alpha mouse liver 12 (AML-12) cell models were pretreated with four dietary polyphenols with different structures to explore their effects on cytotoxicity and potential protective mechanisms. The results showed that polyphenols had potential functions to inhibit ethanol-induced AML-12 and IEC-6 cell damage and oxidative stress, and restore ethanol-induced IEC-6 permeability and tight junction gene expression. Especially, dihydromyricetin (DMY) had the best protective effect on ethanol-induced cytotoxicity, followed by apigenin (API). Western blot results showed that DMY and API had the best ability to inhibit CYP2E1 and Keap1, and promote nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which might be the potential mechanism by which DMY and API attenuate ethanol-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, the molecular docking results predicted that DMY and API could bind more tightly to the amino acid residues of CYP2E1 and Keap1, which might be one of the inhibitory modes of dietary polyphenols on CYP2E1 and Keap1. This study provided a rationale for the subsequent protective effect of dietary polyphenols on alcohol-induced liver injury in animal models and provided new clues on bioactive components for ALD-protection based on the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiage Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Juncai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
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Zhi G, Shao B, Zheng T, Mu J, Li J, Feng Y, Zhu S, Dang Y, Liu F, Wang D. Exploring the molecular mechanism of Gan Shuang granules for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1082451. [PMID: 36762105 PMCID: PMC9902723 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1082451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: With the gradual increase in prevalence in recent years, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become one of the significant health problems that urgently needs to be addressed worldwide. GanShuang Granules (GSG) is derived from the classical Chinese formula Xiaoyao San and mainly used in the clinical treatment of chronic liver diseases. Objective: In this study, we aim to gain a deeper insight into the inhibiting effects of GSG on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats and preliminarily elucidate the underlying intervention mechanisms. Methods: First, High performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap-MS/MS) was used for the active compounds prediction in GSG. Then the data was mapped to mzCloud database. The targets corresponding to GSG compounds were collected from public databases, along with disease genes for NAFLD. The core targets and molecular mechanisms of GSG for NAFLD treatment were predicted by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses. Molecular docking of the core target-component interactions was simulated using AutoDock Vina software. The effect of GSG on NASH rats was evaluated by pathological staining and analysis of various index results. Finally, the candidate targets were further validated by ELISA and western blot (WB) analyses. Results: Combining UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap-MS/MS data analysis and public database data, a total of 346 cross-targets were obtained, corresponding to 81 compounds. The subnetwork with an MCODE score of 53.623 is a potential core target group for this study. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the targets of GSG in NAFLD were mostly related to oxidative stress, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the apoptosis signaling pathway. By integrating the results of network pharmacology analysis, the core objectives of this study mainly include AKT1, CASP9, TNF, and CASP8. The core ingredients are related to resveratrol and fisetin. The molecular docking results indicated key binding activity between AKT1-fisetin, AKT1-Resveratrol, and CASP8-fisetin. Moreover, GSG could improve the inflammatory status and restore the abnormal lipid accumulation of NAFLD/NASH liver, and these levels are further verified by pathological staining and detection of related indicators. Mechanistically, GSG could regulate protein expression levels in the liver for P65, p-P65, IKB, p-IKB, IKK, caspase-3, -8, -9, and cytochrome C, etc. It reflects the inhibitory effect of GSG on the NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our results suggested that GSG demonstrated therapeutic effects on NAFLD/NASH rats, and these may be mainly reflected in the inhibitory effects on the NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway and its downstream inflammation and apoptosis signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguo Zhi
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingjie Shao
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianyan Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Mu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiyuan Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sha Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanni Dang
- Shanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Xi’an, Shanxi, China,*Correspondence: Feng Liu, ; Dong Wang,
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Feng Liu, ; Dong Wang,
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Wang T, Xu ZH. Natural Compounds with Aldose Reductase (AR) Inhibition: A Class of Medicative Agents for Fatty Liver Disease. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:1929-1944. [PMID: 36655533 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230119101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD), which includes both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD), is a worldwide health concern. The etiology of ALD is long-term alcohol consumption, while NAFLD is defined as an abnormal amount of lipid present in liver cells, which is not caused by alcohol intake and has recently been identified as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and obesity). Inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolic dysregulation are all known to play a role in FLD progression. Alternative and natural therapies are desperately needed to treat this disease since existing pharmaceuticals are mostly ineffective. The aldose reductase (AR)/polyol pathway has recently been shown to play a role in developing FLD by contributing to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fat accumulation. Herein, we review the effects of plantderived compounds capable of inhibiting AR in FLD models. Natural AR inhibitors have been found to improve FLD in part by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and steatosis via the regulation of several critical pathways, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, etc. This review revealed that natural compounds with AR inhibitory effects are a promising class of therapeutic agents for FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hui Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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48
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Sun M, Ye H. Natural Foods for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Med Food 2023; 26:1-13. [PMID: 36579939 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. The etiology of NAFLD is highly heterogeneous, which occurs and develops under the joint action of metabolism, inflammation, genetics, environment, and gut microbiota. At present, the principal therapeutic modalities targeting NAFLD are lifestyle interventions such as weight loss through diet and exercise. At present, there is no established therapy for the treatment of NAFLD, and many therapies are associated with a variety of side effects. A great number of in vitro and in vivo experiments have indicated that there are many natural foods that have therapeutic potential for NAFLD. This review summarizes the natural foods and their mechanisms that were found in recent years, furthermore, provides further information relevant to the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Sun
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Ye
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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49
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Zou J, Xiang Q, Tan D, Shi L, Liu X, Wu Y, Yu R. Zuogui-Jiangtang-Qinggan-Fang alleviates high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiome-metabolites-short chain fatty acid composition. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114002. [PMID: 36410120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis is affected by dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and the metabolites it generates. Therefore, restoring the equilibrium between the gut microbiome and the generated metabolites may have therapeutic potential for the syndrome. Zuogui Jiangtang Qinggan Fang (ZGJTQGF) is a Chinese herbal formulation used clinically to treat type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) and fatty liver disease. However, its pharmacological mechanisms have not been well characterized. This work aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective mechanism of ZGJTQGF in T2DM with NAFLD mice by incorporating gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs), and metabolomic analysis, and then to provide strong support for clinical treatment of T2DM with NAFLD. The sequencing of 16 S rRNA revealed that ZGJTQGF therapy modified the composition and abundance of the gut microbiome, raised the level of SCFAs, and restored the intestinal mucosal barrier. The non-targeted metabolomic analysis of liver tissues identified 212 compounds, of which108 were differentially expressed between the HFD and ZGJTQGF groups. Moreover, L-glutamic acid, L-Phenylalanine, Glycine, Taurine, Deoxycholic acid, and citric acid levels were also considerably altered by ZGJTQGF. Our findings suggest that ZGJTQGF ameliorates HFD-induced hepatic steatosis by modulating the gut microbiota composition and its metabolites and boosting the levels of SCFAs. More notably, ZGJTQGF may be a promising medication for preventing and treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junju Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; National Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Chinese Medicinal Powder & Innovative Medicinal Jointly Established by Province and Ministry, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Danni Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Liuyang Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Pharmacy, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
| | - Rong Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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50
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Coelho M, Patarrão RS, Sousa-Lima I, Ribeiro RT, Meneses MJ, Andrade R, Mendes VM, Manadas B, Raposo JF, Macedo MP, Jones JG. Increased Intake of Both Caffeine and Non-Caffeine Coffee Components Is Associated with Reduced NAFLD Severity in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010004. [PMID: 36615664 PMCID: PMC9824649 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee may protect against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the roles of the caffeine and non-caffeine components are unclear. Coffee intake by 156 overweight subjects (87% with Type-2-Diabetes, T2D) was assessed via a questionnaire, with 98 subjects (all T2D) also providing a 24 h urine sample for quantification of coffee metabolites by LC-MS/MS. NAFLD was characterized by the fatty liver index (FLI) and by Fibroscan® assessment of fibrosis. No associations were found between self-reported coffee intake and NAFLD parameters; however, total urine caffeine metabolites, defined as Σcaffeine (caffeine + paraxanthine + theophylline), and adjusted for fat-free body mass, were significantly higher for subjects with no liver fibrosis than for those with fibrosis. Total non-caffeine metabolites, defined as Σncm (trigonelline + caffeic acid + p-coumaric acid), showed a significant negative association with the FLI. Multiple regression analyses for overweight/obese T2D subjects (n = 89) showed that both Σcaffeine and Σncm were negatively associated with the FLI, after adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, ethanol intake and glomerular filtration rate. The theophylline fraction of Σcaffeine was significantly increased with both fibrosis and the FLI, possibly reflecting elevated CYP2E1 activity-a hallmark of NAFLD worsening. Thus, for overweight/obese T2D patients, higher intake of both caffeine and non-caffeine coffee components is associated with less severe NAFLD. Caffeine metabolites represent novel markers of NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Coelho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita S. Patarrão
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS-FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês Sousa-Lima
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS-FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rogério T. Ribeiro
- APDP-Diabetes Portugal, Education and Research Center, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Meneses
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS-FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Andrade
- APDP-Diabetes Portugal, Education and Research Center, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vera M. Mendes
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Filipe Raposo
- APDP-Diabetes Portugal, Education and Research Center, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. Paula Macedo
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School-Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS-FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
- APDP-Diabetes Portugal, Education and Research Center, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - John G. Jones
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- III Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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