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Abu Risha M, Rick EM, Plum M, Jappe U. Legume Allergens Pea, Chickpea, Lentil, Lupine and Beyond. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024:10.1007/s11882-024-01165-7. [PMID: 38990406 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW In the last decade, an increasing trend towards a supposedly healthier vegan diet could be observed. However, recently, more cases of allergic reactions to plants and plant-based products such as meat-substitution products, which are often prepared with legumes, were reported. Here, we provide the current knowledge on legume allergen sources and the respective single allergens. We answer the question of which legumes beside the well-known food allergen sources peanut and soybean should be considered for diagnostic and therapeutic measures. RECENT FINDINGS These "non-priority" legumes, including beans, pea, lentils, chickpea, lupine, cowpea, pigeon pea, and fenugreek, are potentially new important allergen sources, causing mild-to-severe allergic reactions. Severe reactions have been described particularly for peas and lupine. An interesting aspect is the connection between anaphylactic reactions and exercise (food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis), which has only recently been highlighted for legumes such as soybean, lentils and chickpea. Most allergic reactions derive from IgE cross-reactions to homologous proteins, for example between peanut and lupine, which is of particular importance for peanut-allergic individuals ignorant to these cross-reactions. From our findings we conclude that there is a need for large-scale studies that are geographically distinctive because most studies are case reports, and geographic differences of allergic diseases towards these legumes have already been discovered for well-known "Big 9" allergen sources such as peanut and soybean. Furthermore, the review illustrates the need for a better molecular diagnostic for these emerging non-priority allergen sources to evaluate IgE cross-reactivities to known allergens and identify true allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marua Abu Risha
- Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Rick
- Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
| | - Melanie Plum
- Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
| | - Uta Jappe
- Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Department of Pneumology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Parakkunnel R, K BN, Vanishree G, George A, Kv S, Yr A, K UB, Anandan A, Kumar S. Exploring selection signatures in the divergence and evolution of lipid droplet (LD) associated genes in major oilseed crops. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:653. [PMID: 38956471 PMCID: PMC11218257 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10527-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oil bodies or lipid droplets (LDs) in the cytosol are the subcellular storage compartments of seeds and the sites of lipid metabolism providing energy to the germinating seeds. Major LD-associated proteins are lipoxygenases, phospholipaseD, oleosins, TAG-lipases, steroleosins, caleosins and SEIPINs; involved in facilitating germination and enhancing peroxidation resulting in off-flavours. However, how natural selection is balancing contradictory processes in lipid-rich seeds remains evasive. The present study was aimed at the prediction of selection signatures among orthologous clades in major oilseeds and the correlation of selection effect with gene expression. RESULTS The LD-associated genes from the major oil-bearing crops were analyzed to predict natural selection signatures in phylogenetically close-knit ortholog clusters to understand adaptive evolution. Positive selection was the major force driving the evolution and diversification of orthologs in a lineage-specific manner. Significant positive selection effects were found in 94 genes particularly in oleosin and TAG-lipases, purifying with excess of non-synonymous substitution in 44 genes while 35 genes were neutral to selection effects. No significant selection impact was noticed in Brassicaceae as against LOX genes of oil palm. A heavy load of deleterious mutations affecting selection signatures was detected in T-lineage oleosins and LOX genes of Arachis hypogaea. The T-lineage oleosin genes were involved in mainly anther, tapetum and anther wall morphogenesis. In Ricinus communis and Sesamum indicum > 85% of PLD genes were under selection whereas selection pressures were low in Brassica juncea and Helianthus annuus. Steroleosin, caleosin and SEIPINs with large roles in lipid droplet organization expressed mostly in seeds and were under considerable positive selection pressures. Expression divergence was evident among paralogs and homeologs with one gene attaining functional superiority compared to the other. The LOX gene Glyma.13g347500 associated with off-flavor was not expressed during germination, rather its paralog Glyma.13g347600 showed expression in Glycine max. PLD-α genes were expressed on all the tissues except the seed,δ genes in seed and meristem while β and γ genes expressed in the leaf. CONCLUSIONS The genes involved in seed germination and lipid metabolism were under strong positive selection, although species differences were discernable. The present study identifies suitable candidate genes enhancing seed oil content and germination wherein directional selection can become more fruitful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Parakkunnel
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India.
| | - Bhojaraja Naik K
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Girimalla Vanishree
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Anjitha George
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Sripathy Kv
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Aruna Yr
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Udaya Bhaskar K
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - A Anandan
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Regional Station, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, 275103, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Xu H, Li M, Ma D, Gao J, Tao J, Meng J. Identification of key genes for triacylglycerol biosynthesis and storage in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactifolra Pall.) seeds based on full-length transcriptome. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:601. [PMID: 38877407 PMCID: PMC11179206 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is extensively cultivated in China due to its root being used as a traditional Chinese medicine known as 'Radix Paeoniae Alba'. In recent years, it has been discovered that its seeds incorporate abundant unsaturated fatty acids, thereby presenting a potential new oilseed plant. Surprisingly, little is known about the full-length transcriptome sequencing of Paeonia lactiflora, limiting research into its gene function and molecular mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 484,931 Reads of Inserts (ROI) sequences and 1,455,771 full-Length non-chimeric reads (FLNC) sequences were obtained for CDS prediction, TF analysis, SSR analysis and lncRNA identification. In addition, gene function annotation and gene structure analysis were performed. A total of 4905 transcripts were related to lipid metabolism biosynthesis pathway, belonging to 28 enzymes. We use these data to identify 10 oleosin (OLE) and 5 diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) gene members after de-redundancy. The analysis of physicochemical properties and secondary structure showed them similarity in gene family respectively. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the distribution of OLE and DGAT family members was roughly the same as that of Arabidopsis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed expression changes in different seed development stages, and showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. CONCLUSION In summary, these results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis and storage during the seedling stage in Paeonia lactiflora. It provides theoretical references for selecting and breeding oil varieties and understanding the functions of oil storage as well as lipid synthesis related genes in Paeonia lactiflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Xu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Miao Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Di Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiajun Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiasong Meng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Hsiang TF, Yamane H, Gao-Takai M, Tao R. Regulatory role of Prunus mume DAM6 on lipid body accumulation and phytohormone metabolism in the dormant vegetative meristem. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae102. [PMID: 38883329 PMCID: PMC11179725 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Bud dormancy is a crucial process in the annual growth cycle of woody perennials. In Rosaceae fruit tree species, DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM) transcription factor genes regulating bud dormancy have been identified, but their molecular roles in meristematic tissues have not been thoroughly characterized. In this study, molecular and physiological analyses of transgenic apple plants overexpressing the Japanese apricot DAM6 gene (PmDAM6) and Japanese apricot cultivars and F1 individuals with contrasting dormancy characteristics revealed the metabolic pathways controlled by PmDAM6. Our transcriptome analysis and transmission electron microscopy examination demonstrated that PmDAM6 promotes the accumulation of lipid bodies and inhibits cell division in the dormant vegetative meristem by down-regulating the expression of lipid catabolism genes (GDSL ESTERASE/LIPASE and OIL BODY LIPASE) and CYCLIN genes, respectively. Our findings also indicate PmDAM6 promotes abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and decreases cytokinin (CTK) accumulation in vegetative buds by up-regulating the expression of the ABA biosynthesis gene ARABIDOPSIS ALDEHYDE OXIDASE and the CTK catabolism gene CYTOKININ DEHYDROGENASE, while also down-regulating the expression of the CTK biosynthesis genes ISOPENTENYL TRANSFERASE (IPT) and CYP735A. Additionally, PmDAM6 modulates gibberellin (GA) metabolism by up-regulating GA2-OXIDASE expression and down-regulating GA3-OXIDASE expression. Furthermore, PmDAM6 may also indirectly promote lipid accumulation and restrict cell division by limiting the accumulation of CTK and GA in buds. In conclusion, using our valuable genetic platform, we clarified how PmDAM6 modifies diverse cellular processes, including lipid catabolism, phytohormone (ABA, CTK, and GA) biosynthesis and catabolism, and cell division, in the dormant vegetative meristem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Fan Hsiang
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hisayo Yamane
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mei Gao-Takai
- Experimental Farm, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Tao
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Jarošová M, Roudnický P, Bárta J, Zdráhal Z, Bártová V, Stupková A, Lorenc F, Bjelková M, Kyselka J, Jarošová E, Bedrníček J, Bohatá A. Proteomic Profile of Flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) Products as Influenced by Protein Concentration Method and Cultivar. Foods 2024; 13:1288. [PMID: 38731659 PMCID: PMC11083286 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The research is focused on the quantitative evaluation of the flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) proteome at the level of seed cake (SC), fine flour-sieved a fraction below 250 µm (FF)-and protein concentrate (PC). The evaluation was performed on three oilseed flax cultivars (Agriol, Raciol, and Libra) with different levels of α-linolenic acid content using LC-MS/MS (shotgun proteomics) analysis, which was finalized by database searching using the NCBI protein database for Linum usitatissimum and related species. A total of 2560 protein groups (PGs) were identified, and their relative abundance was calculated. A set of 33 quantitatively most significant PGs was selected for further characterization. The selected PGs were divided into four classes-seed storage proteins (11S globulins and conlinins), oleosins, defense- and stress-related proteins, and other major proteins (mainly including enzymes). Seed storage proteins were found to be the most abundant proteins. Specifically, 11S globulins accounted for 41-44% of SC proteins, 40-46% of FF proteins, and 72-84% of PC proteins, depending on the cultivar. Conlinins (2S albumins) were the most abundant in FF, ranging from 10 to 13% (depending on cultivar). The second most important class from the point of relative abundance was oleosins, which were represented in SC and FF in the range of 2.1-3.8%, but only 0.36-1.20% in PC. Surprisingly, a relatively high abundance of chitinase was found in flax products as a protein related to defence and stress reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Jarošová
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.J.); (V.B.); (A.S.); (E.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Pavel Roudnický
- Mendel Centre of Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.R.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jan Bárta
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.J.); (V.B.); (A.S.); (E.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Mendel Centre of Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.R.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Veronika Bártová
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.J.); (V.B.); (A.S.); (E.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Adéla Stupková
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.J.); (V.B.); (A.S.); (E.J.); (A.B.)
| | - František Lorenc
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Agricultural Products Quality, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Studentská 1668, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (F.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Marie Bjelková
- Department of Legumes and Technical Crops, Agritec Plant Research Ltd., Zemědělská 2520/16, 787 01 Šumperk, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Kyselka
- Department of Dairy, Fat and Cosmetics, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Jarošová
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.J.); (V.B.); (A.S.); (E.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Jan Bedrníček
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Agricultural Products Quality, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Studentská 1668, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (F.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Andrea Bohatá
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.J.); (V.B.); (A.S.); (E.J.); (A.B.)
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Pasaribu B, Purba NP, Dewanti LP, Pasaribu D, Khan AMA, Harahap SA, Syamsuddin ML, Ihsan YN, Siregar SH, Faizal I, Herawati T, Irfan M, Simorangkir TPH, Kurniawan TA. Lipid Droplets in Endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae spp. Associated with Corals. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:949. [PMID: 38611478 PMCID: PMC11013053 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Symbiodiniaceae species is a dinoflagellate that plays a crucial role in maintaining the symbiotic mutualism of reef-building corals in the ocean. Reef-building corals, as hosts, provide the nutrition and habitat to endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species and Symbiodiniaceae species transfer the fixed carbon to the corals for growth. Environmental stress is one of the factors impacting the physiology and metabolism of the corals-dinoflagellate association. The environmental stress triggers the metabolic changes in Symbiodiniaceae species resulting in an increase in the production of survival organelles related to storage components such as lipid droplets (LD). LDs are found as unique organelles, mainly composed of triacylglycerols surrounded by phospholipids embedded with some proteins. To date, it has been reported that investigation of lipid droplets significantly present in animals and plants led to the understanding that lipid droplets play a key role in lipid storage and transport. The major challenge of investigating endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species lies in overcoming the strategies in isolating lesser lipid droplets present in its intercellular cells. Here, we review the most recent highlights of LD research in endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species particularly focusing on LD biogenesis, mechanism, and major lipid droplet proteins. Moreover, to comprehend potential novel ways of energy storage in the symbiotic interaction between endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species and its host, we also emphasize recent emerging environmental factors such as temperature, ocean acidification, and nutrient impacting the accumulation of lipid droplets in endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buntora Pasaribu
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia; (N.P.P.); (S.A.H.); (M.L.S.); (Y.N.I.); (I.F.)
- Shallow Coastal and Aquatic Research Forensic (SCARF) Laboratory, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Noir Primadona Purba
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia; (N.P.P.); (S.A.H.); (M.L.S.); (Y.N.I.); (I.F.)
| | - Lantun Paradhita Dewanti
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia;
| | - Daniel Pasaribu
- Faculty of Law, Social, and Political Sciences, Universitas Terbuka, Tangerang 15437, Indonesia;
| | - Alexander Muhammad Akbar Khan
- Tropical Marine Fisheries Undergraduate Programme for Pangandaran Campus, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia;
| | - Syawaludin Alisyahbana Harahap
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia; (N.P.P.); (S.A.H.); (M.L.S.); (Y.N.I.); (I.F.)
| | - Mega Laksmini Syamsuddin
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia; (N.P.P.); (S.A.H.); (M.L.S.); (Y.N.I.); (I.F.)
| | - Yudi Nurul Ihsan
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia; (N.P.P.); (S.A.H.); (M.L.S.); (Y.N.I.); (I.F.)
| | - Sofyan Husein Siregar
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28291, Indonesia;
| | - Ibnu Faizal
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia; (N.P.P.); (S.A.H.); (M.L.S.); (Y.N.I.); (I.F.)
| | - Titin Herawati
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
- Master Program of Marine Conservation, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;
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Katral A, Hossain F, Zunjare RU, Chhabra R, Vinutha T, Duo H, Kumar B, Karjagi CG, Jacob SR, Pandey S, Neeraja CN, Vasudev S, Muthusamy V. Multilocus functional characterization of indigenous and exotic inbreds for dgat1-2, fatb, ge2 and wri1a genes affecting kernel oil and fatty acid profile in maize. Gene 2024; 895:148001. [PMID: 37977314 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Demand for maize oil is progressively increasing due to its diverse industrial applications, aside from its primary role in human nutrition and animal feed. Oil content and composition are two crucial determinants of maize oil in the international market. As kernel oil in maize is a complex quantitative trait, improving this trait presents a challenge for plant breeders and biotechnologists. Here, we characterized a set of 292 diverse maize inbreds of both indigenous and exotic origin by exploiting functional polymorphism of the dgat1-2, fatb, ge2, and wri1a genes governing kernel oil in maize. Genotyping using gene-based functional markers revealed a lower frequencies of dgat1-2 (0.15) and fatb (0.12) mutant alleles and a higher frequencies of wild-type alleles (Dgat1-2: 0.85; fatB: 0.88). The favorable wri1a allele was conserved across genotypes, while its wild-type allele (WRI1a) was not detected. In contrast, none of the genotypes possessed the ge2 favorable allele. The frequency of favorable alleles of both dgat1-2 and fatb decreased to 0.03 when considered together. Furthermore, pairwise protein-protein interactions among target gene products were conducted to understand the effect of one protein on another and their responses to kernel oil through functional enrichments. Thus, the identified maize genotypes with dgat1-2, fatb, and wri1a favourable alleles, along with insights gained through the protein-protein association network, serve as prominent and unique genetic resources for high-oil maize breeding programs. This is the first comprehensive report on the functional characterization of diverse genotypes at the molecular and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Firoz Hossain
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - Rashmi Chhabra
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - T Vinutha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Hriipulou Duo
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - Sherry R Jacob
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sushil Pandey
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - Sujata Vasudev
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Vignesh Muthusamy
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
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8
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Zou Z, Zhang L, Zhao Y. Integrative Analysis of Oleosin Genes Provides Insights into Lineage-Specific Family Evolution in Brassicales. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:280. [PMID: 38256833 PMCID: PMC10820149 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Oleosins (OLEs) are a class of small but abundant structural proteins that play essential roles in the formation and stabilization of lipid droplets (LDs) in seeds of oil crops. Despite the proposal of five oleosin clades (i.e., U, SL, SH, T, and M) in angiosperms, their evolution in eudicots has not been well-established. In this study, we employed Brassicales, an economically important order of flowering plants possessing the lineage-specific T clade, as an example to address this issue. Three to 10 members were identified from 10 species representing eight plant families, which include Caricaceae, Moringaceae, Akaniaceae, Capparaceae, and Cleomaceae. Evolutionary and reciprocal best hit-based homologous analyses assigned 98 oleosin genes into six clades (i.e., U, SL, SH, M, N, and T) and nine orthogroups (i.e., U1, U2, SL, SH1, SH2, SH3, M, N, and T). The newly identified N clade represents an ancient group that has already appeared in the basal angiosperm Amborella trichopoda, which are constitutively expressed in the tree fruit crop Carica papaya, including pulp and seeds of the fruit. Moreover, similar to Clade N, the previously defined M clade is actually not Lauraceae-specific but an ancient and widely distributed group that diverged before the radiation of angiosperm. Compared with A. trichopoda, lineage-specific expansion of the family in Brassicales was largely contributed by recent whole-genome duplications (WGDs) as well as the ancient γ event shared by all core eudicots. In contrast to the flower-preferential expression of Clade T, transcript profiling revealed an apparent seed/embryo/endosperm-predominant expression pattern of most oleosin genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and C. papaya. Moreover, the structure and expression divergence of paralogous pairs was frequently observed, and a good example is the lineage-specific gain of an intron. These findings provide insights into lineage-specific family evolution in Brassicales, which facilitates further functional studies in nonmodel plants such as C. papaya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongguo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525011, China
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9
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Gupta P, Geniza M, Elser J, Al-Bader N, Baschieri R, Phillips JL, Haq E, Preece J, Naithani S, Jaiswal P. Reference genome of the nutrition-rich orphan crop chia ( Salvia hispanica) and its implications for future breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1272966. [PMID: 38162307 PMCID: PMC10757625 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1272966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is one of the most popular nutrition-rich foods and pseudocereal crops of the family Lamiaceae. Chia seeds are a rich source of proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), dietary fibers, and antioxidants. In this study, we present the assembly of the chia reference genome, which spans 303.6 Mb and encodes 48,090 annotated protein-coding genes. Our analysis revealed that ~42% of the chia genome harbors repetitive content, and identified ~3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 15,380 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker sites. By investigating the chia transcriptome, we discovered that ~44% of the genes undergo alternative splicing with a higher frequency of intron retention events. Additionally, we identified chia genes associated with important nutrient content and quality traits, such as the biosynthesis of PUFAs and seed mucilage fiber (dietary fiber) polysaccharides. Notably, this is the first report of in-silico annotation of a plant genome for protein-derived small bioactive peptides (biopeptides) associated with improving human health. To facilitate further research and translational applications of this valuable orphan crop, we have developed the Salvia genomics database (SalviaGDB), accessible at https://salviagdb.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Matthew Geniza
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Justin Elser
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Noor Al-Bader
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Rachel Baschieri
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jeremy Levi Phillips
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ebaad Haq
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Justin Preece
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sushma Naithani
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Pankaj Jaiswal
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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10
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Xie P, Chen J, Wu P, Cai Z. Spatial Lipidomics Reveals Lipid Changes in the Cotyledon and Plumule of Mung Bean Seeds during Germination. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19879-19887. [PMID: 38018797 PMCID: PMC10722537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is a vital process in plant development involving dynamic biochemical transformations such as lipid metabolism. However, the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of lipids in different seed compartments during germination are poorly understood. In this study, we employed liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based lipidomics and MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to investigate lipid changes occurring in the cotyledon and plumule of mung bean seeds during germination. Lipidomic data revealed that the germination process reduced the levels of many glycerolipids (e.g., triglyceride) and phosphatidylglycerols (e.g., phosphatidylcholine) while increased the levels of lysophospholipids (e.g., lysophosphatidylcholine) in both the cotyledon and plumule. Sphingolipids (e.g., sphingomyelin) displayed altered levels solely in the plumule. Sterol levels increased in the cotyledon but decreased in the plumule. Further imaging results revealed that MALDI-MSI could serve as a supplement and validate LC-MS data. These findings enhance our understanding of the metabolic processes underlying seedling development, with potential implications for crop improvement and seed quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisi Xie
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety
and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection
Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety
and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection
Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative
Region 999077, China
- College
of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210018, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety
and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection
Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative
Region 999077, China
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11
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Ma X, Feng L, Tao A, Zenda T, He Y, Zhang D, Duan H, Tao Y. Identification and validation of seed dormancy loci and candidate genes and construction of regulatory networks by WGCNA in maize introgression lines. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:259. [PMID: 38038768 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Seventeen PHS-QTLs and candidate genes were obtained, including eleven major loci, three under multiple environments and two with co-localization by the other mapping methods; The functions of three candidate genes were validated using mutants; nine target proteins and five networks were filtered by joint analysis of GWAS and WGCNA. Seed dormancy (SD) and pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) affect yield, as well as grain and hybrid quality in seed production. Therefore, identification of genetic and regulatory pathways underlying PHS and SD is key to gene function analysis, allelic variation mining and genetic improvement. In this study, 78,360 SNPs by SLAF-seq of 230 maize chromosome segment introgression lines (ILs), PHS under five environments were used to conduct GWAS (genome wide association study) (a threshold of 1/n), and seventeen unreported PHS QTLs were obtained, including eleven QTLs with PVE > 10% and three QTLs under multiple environments. Two QTL loci were co-located between the other two genetic mapping methods. Using differential gene expression analyses at two stages of grain development, gene functional analysis of Arabidopsis mutants, and gene functional analysis in the QTL region, seventeen PHS QTL-linked candidate genes were identified, and their five molecular regulatory networks constructed. Based on the Arabidopsis T-DNA mutations, three candidate genes were shown to regulate for SD and PHS. Meanwhile, using RNA-seq of grain development, the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed, deducing five regulatory pathways and target genes that regulate PHS and SD. Based on the conjoint analysis of GWAS and WGCNA, four pathways, nine target proteins and target genes were revealed, most of which regulate cell wall metabolism, cell proliferation and seed dehydration tolerance. This has important theoretical and practical significance for elucidating the genetic basis of maize PHS and SD, as well as mining of genetic resources and genetic improvement of traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Liqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Anyan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Daxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Yongsheng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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12
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Alam B, Liu R, Gong J, Li J, Yan H, Ge Q, Xiao X, Pan J, Shang H, Shi Y, Yuan Y, Gong W. Hub Genes in Stable QTLs Orchestrate the Accumulation of Cottonseed Oil in Upland Cotton via Catalyzing Key Steps of Lipid-Related Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16595. [PMID: 38068920 PMCID: PMC10706765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Upland cotton is the fifth-largest oil crop in the world, with an average supply of nearly 20% of vegetable oil production. Cottonseed oil is also an ideal alternative raw material to be efficiently converted into biodiesel. However, the improvement in kernel oil content (KOC) of cottonseed has not received sufficient attention from researchers for a long time, due to the fact that the main product of cotton planting is fiber. Previous studies have tagged QTLs and identified individual candidate genes that regulate KOC of cottonseed. The regulatory mechanism of oil metabolism and accumulation of cottonseed are still elusive. In the current study, two high-density genetic maps (HDGMs), which were constructed based on a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 231 individuals, were used to identify KOC QTLs. A total of forty-three stable QTLs were detected via these two HDGM strategies. Bioinformatic analysis of all the genes harbored in the marker intervals of the stable QTLs revealed that a total of fifty-one genes were involved in the pathways related to lipid biosynthesis. Functional analysis via coexpression network and RNA-seq revealed that the hub genes in the co-expression network that also catalyze the key steps of fatty acid synthesis, lipid metabolism and oil body formation pathways (ACX4, LACS4, KCR1, and SQD1) could jointly orchestrate oil accumulation in cottonseed. This study will strengthen our understanding of oil metabolism and accumulation in cottonseed and contribute to KOC improvement in cottonseed in the future, enhancing the security and stability of worldwide food supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena Alam
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Ruixian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Juwu Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junwen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haoliang Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qun Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Jingtao Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Haihong Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
| | - Youlu Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wankui Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China (Y.S.)
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13
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Borek S, Stefaniak S, Nuc K, Wojtyla Ł, Ratajczak E, Sitkiewicz E, Malinowska A, Świderska B, Wleklik K, Pietrowska-Borek M. Sugar Starvation Disrupts Lipid Breakdown by Inducing Autophagy in Embryonic Axes of Lupin ( Lupinus spp.) Germinating Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11773. [PMID: 37511532 PMCID: PMC10380618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Under nutrient deficiency or starvation conditions, the mobilization of storage compounds during seed germination is enhanced to primarily supply respiratory substrates and hence increase the potential of cell survival. Nevertheless, we found that, under sugar starvation conditions in isolated embryonic axes of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) and Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) cultured in vitro for 96 h, the disruption of lipid breakdown occurs, as was reflected in the higher lipid content in the sugar-starved (-S) than in the sucrose-fed (+S) axes. We postulate that pexophagy (autophagic degradation of the peroxisome-a key organelle in lipid catabolism) is one of the reasons for the disruption in lipid breakdown under starvation conditions. Evidence of pexophagy can be: (i) the higher transcript level of genes encoding proteins of pexophagy machinery, and (ii) the lower content of the peroxisome marker Pex14p and its increase caused by an autophagy inhibitor (concanamycin A) in -S axes in comparison to the +S axes. Additionally, based on ultrastructure observation, we documented that, under sugar starvation conditions lipophagy (autophagic degradation of whole lipid droplets) may also occur but this type of selective autophagy seems to be restricted under starvation conditions. Our results also show that autophagy occurs at the very early stages of plant growth and development, including the cells of embryonic seed organs, and allows cell survival under starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Borek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Szymon Stefaniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nuc
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wojtyla
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Ratajczak
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland
| | - Ewa Sitkiewicz
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Malinowska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bianka Świderska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Wleklik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pietrowska-Borek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
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14
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Saleem N, Aziz U, Ali M, Liu X, Alwutayd KM, Alshegaihi RM, Niedbała G, Elkelish A, Zhang M. Genome-wide analysis revealed the stepwise origin and functional diversification of HSDs from lower to higher plant species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1159394. [PMID: 37396629 PMCID: PMC10311447 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1159394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDs) is an oil-body sterol protein (steroleosin) with an NADP(H) binding domain that belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily. There are numerous studies on the characterization of HSDs in plants. However, thus far, the evolutionary differentiation and divergence analysis of these genes remain to be explored. The current study used an integrated method to elucidate the sequential evolution of HSDs in 64 sequenced plant genomes. Analyses were conducted on their origins, distribution, duplication, evolutionary paths, domain functions, motif composition, properties, and cis-elements. Results indicate that except for algae, HSD1 was widely distributed in plant species ranging from lower to higher plants, while HSD5 was restricted to terrestrial plants, and HSD2 was identified in fewer monocots and several dicot plants. Phylogenetic analysis of HSD proteins revealed that monocotyledonous HSD1 in moss and ferns appeared closest to the outgroup, V. carteri HSD-like, M. musculus HSD1, and H. sapiens HSD1. These data support the hypothesis that HSD1 originated in bryophytes and then in non-vascular and vascular plants, followed by HSD5 only in land plants. Gene structure analysis suggests that HSDs in plant species came up with a fixed number of six exons, and the intron phase was primarily 0, 1, 0, 0, and 0. Similarly, duplication analysis revealed that segmental duplications were the main reason for HSDs in plant species. Physicochemical properties suggest that dicotyledonous HSD1s and HSD5s were mainly acidic. The monocotyledonous HSD1s and HSD2s and the dicotyledonous HSD2s, HSD3s, HSD4s, and HSD6s were mainly basic, implying that HSDs in plants may have a variety of functions. Cis-regulatory elements and expression analysis revealed that HSDs in plants might have roles in several abiotic stresses. Due to the high expression of HSD1s and HSD5s in seeds, these HSDs in plants may have roles in fatty acid accumulation and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Saleem
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Usman Aziz
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiangling Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M. Alshegaihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gniewko Niedbała
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
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15
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Zhang Y, Che H, Li C, Jin T. Food Allergens of Plant Origin. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112232. [PMID: 37297475 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents an update on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of food allergens in plant sources, focusing on the few protein families that contribute to multiple food allergens from different species and protein families recently found to contain food allergens. The structures and structural components of the food allergens in the allergen families may provide further directions for discovering new food allergens. Answers as to what makes some food proteins allergens are still elusive. Factors to be considered in mitigating food allergens include the abundance of the protein in a food, the property of short stretches of the sequence of the protein that may constitute linear IgE binding epitopes, the structural properties of the protein, its stability to heat and digestion, the food matrix the protein is in, and the antimicrobial activity to the microbial flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, recent data suggest that widely used techniques for mapping linear IgE binding epitopes need to be improved by incorporating positive controls, and methodologies for mapping conformational IgE binding epitopes need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Huilian Che
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Caiming Li
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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16
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Chaudhari HA, Mahatma MK, Antala V, Radadiya N, Ukani P, Tomar RS, Thawait LK, Singh S, Gangadhara K, Sakure A, Parihar A. Ethrel-induced release of fresh seed dormancy causes remodelling of amylase activity, proteomics, phytohormone and fatty acid profile of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:829-842. [PMID: 37520814 PMCID: PMC10382464 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
It is important to have a short period of fresh seed dormancy in some of the groundnut species to counter pre-harvest sprouting (PHS). One of the main causes of PHS is the activation of ethylene-mediated pathways. To determine the effect of ethylene, the study was conducted and alterations in amylase, proteins and fatty acids were observed at the 0, 6, 12, and 24 h stages after ethrel administration. The result showed an increase in amylase activity, and the fatty acids profile showed a unique alteration pattern at different germination stages. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) revealed differential expression of proteins at each stage. The trypsin digestion following spectral development through UPLC-MS/MS enabled identification of number of differentially expressed proteins. A total of 49 proteins were identified from 2DGE excised spots. The majority were belonged to seed storage-related proteins like Arah1, Arah2, AAI- domain containing protein, conglutin, Arah3/4, arachin, glycinin. Expression of lipoxygenase1, lipoxygenase9 and Arah2 genes were further confirmed by qRT-PCR which showed its involvement at transcript level. Up-regulation of lipoxygenase9 is correlated with decreased content of fatty acids during germination. Phytohormone detection revealed decrease in ABA, SA and JA content which are generally inhibitor of seed germination while GA, IAA and kinetin concentration increased revealing positive regulation of seed germination. We present an integrated view of proteomics, phytohormone profile, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to unravel mechanism of fresh seed dormancy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemangini A. Chaudhari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Mahatma
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Seed Spices, Tabiji, Ajmer, 305206 India
| | - Virali Antala
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - Nidhi Radadiya
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - Piyush Ukani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - Rukam Singh Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | | | - Sushmita Singh
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
| | - K. Gangadhara
- ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India
- ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute, Regional Station, Kandukur, Andhra Pradesh 533105 India
| | - Amar Sakure
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat 38811 India
| | - Akrash Parihar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat 38811 India
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17
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Chen A, Hu S, Zhu D, Zhao R, Huang C, Gao Y. Lipid droplets proteome reveals dynamic changes of lipid droplets protein during embryonic development of Carya cathayensis nuts. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023:111753. [PMID: 37268111 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) is an important intracellular organelle for triacylglycerols (TAGs) storage. A variety of proteins on the surface of LD coordinately control the contents, size, stability and biogenesis of LD. However, the LD proteins in Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis) nuts, which rich in oil and composed of unsaturated fatty acids, have not been identified and their roles in LD formation still remain largely unknown. In present study, LD fractions from three developmental stages of Chinese hickory seed were enriched and the LD fraction accumulated proteins were then isolated and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Protein compositions throughout the various developmental phases were calculated using label-free intensity-based absolute quantification (iBAQ) algorithm. The dynamic proportion of high abundance lipid droplets proteins such as oleosins 2 (OLE2), caleosins 1 (CLO1) and steroleosin 5 (HSD5) increased parallelly with the embryo development. For low abundance lipid droplets proteins, SEED LD PROTEIN 2 (SLDP2), STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (SMT1) and LD-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1 (LDAP1) were the predominant proteins. Moreover, 14 low abundance OB proteins such as oil body-associated protein 2A (OBAP2A) were selected for future investigation that may associate with embryo development. Overall, 62 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were determined by label free quantification (LFQ) algorithms and may involve in LD biogenesis. Furthermore, the subcellular localization validation indicated that selected LD proteins were targeted to the lipid droplets, confirming the promising of proteome data. Taken together, this comparative study may shed light on further study to understand the lipid droplets function in the seed, which contains high oil content. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: The mass spectrometry proteomics data are available in the ProteomeXchange Consortium (accession number: PXD038646).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666 Wusu St, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666 Wusu St, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Dongmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666 Wusu St, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666 Wusu St, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Chunying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666 Wusu St, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Yanli Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, No. 666 Wusu St, Lin'an District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
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18
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Zhao Y, Duan B, Liu Y, Wu Y, Yu D, Ke L, Cai F, Mei J, Zhu N, Sun Y. Identification and characterization of the LDAP family revealed GhLDAP2_Dt enhances drought tolerance in cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1167761. [PMID: 37260939 PMCID: PMC10228748 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1167761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplet-associated proteins (LDAPs) play essential roles in tissue growth and development and in drought stress responses in plants. Cotton is an important fiber and cash crop; however, the LDAP family has not been characterized in cotton. In this study, a total of 14, six, seven, and seven genes were confirmed as LDAP family members in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium stocksii, respectively. Additionally, expansion in the LDAP family occurred with the formation of Gossypium, which is mirrored in the number of LDAPs found in five Malvaceae species (Gossypioides kirkii, Bombax ceiba, Durio zibethinus, Theobroma cacao, and Corchorus capsularis), Arabidopsis thaliana, and Carica papaya. The phylogenetic tree showed that the LDAP genes in cotton can be divided into three groups (I, II, and III). The analysis of gene structure and conserved domains showed that LDAPs derived from group I (LDAP1/2/3) are highly conserved during evolution, while members from groups II and III had large variations in both domains and gene structures. The gene expression pattern analysis of LDAP genes showed that they are expressed not only in the reproductive organs (ovule) but also in vegetative organs (root, stem, and leaves). The expression level of two genes in group III, GhLDAP6_At/Dt, were significantly higher in fiber development than in other tissues, indicating that it may be an important regulator of cotton fiber development. In group III, GhLDAP2_At/Dt, especially GhLDAP2_Dt was strongly induced by various abiotic stresses. Decreasing the expression of GhLDAP2_Dt in cotton via virus-induced gene silencing increased the drought sensitivity, and the over-expression of GhLDAP2_Dt led to increased tolerance to mannitol-simulated osmotic stress at the germination stage. Thus, we conclude that GhLDAP2_Dt plays a positive role in drought tolerance.
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19
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Stout AJ, Rittenberg ML, Shub M, Saad MK, Mirliani AB, Dolgin J, Kaplan DL. A Beefy-R culture medium: Replacing albumin with rapeseed protein isolates. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122092. [PMID: 36965281 PMCID: PMC10111969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of cost-effective serum-free media is essential for the economic viability of cultured meat. A key challenge facing this goal is the high-cost of recombinant albumin which is necessary in many serum-free media formulations, including a recently developed serum-free medium for bovine satellite cell (BSC) culture termed Beefy-9. Here we alter Beefy-9 by replacing recombinant albumin with rapeseed protein isolate (RPI), a bulk-protein solution obtained from agricultural waste through alkali extraction (pH 12.5), isoelectric protein precipitation (pH 4.5), dissolution of physiologically soluble proteins (pH 7.2), and concentration of proteins through 3 kDa ultrafiltration. This new medium, termed Beefy-R, was then used to culture BSCs over four passages, during which cells grew with an average doubling time of 26.6 h, showing improved growth compared with Beefy-9. In Beefy-R, BSCs maintained cell phenotype and myogenicity. Together, these results offer an effective, low-cost, and sustainable alternative to albumin for serum-free culture of muscle stem cells, thereby addressing a key hurdle facing cultured meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Stout
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Miriam L Rittenberg
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA; Biological Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michelle Shub
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Michael K Saad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Addison B Mirliani
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - James Dolgin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
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20
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wei Z, Zhang X, Jiao B, Tian Y, Yan F, Li J, Liu Y, Yang X, Zhang J, Wang X, Mu Z, Wang Q. Analysis of oil synthesis pathway in Cyperus esculentus tubers and identification of oleosin and caleosin genes. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 284:153961. [PMID: 36933340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The tubers of the widely distributed Cyperus esculentus are rich in oil, and therefore, the plant is considered to have a high utilization value in the vegetable oil industry. Oleosins and caleosins are lipid-associated proteins found in oil bodies of seeds; however oleosins and caleosins genes have not been identified in C. esculentus. In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing and lipid metabolome analysis of C. esculentus tubers at four developmental stages to obtain the information on their genetic profile, expression trends, and metabolites in oil accumulation pathways. Overall, 120,881 non-redundant unigenes and 255 lipids were detected; 18 genes belonged to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MCAT), β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KAS), and fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase (FAT) gene families involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, and 16 genes belonged to the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 3 (DGAT3), phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT), FAD2, and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT) gene families playing important roles in triacylglycerol synthesis. We also identified 9 oleosin- and 21 caleosin-encoding genes in C. esculentus tubers. These results provide detailed information on the C. esculentus transcriptional and metabolic profiles, which can be used as reference for the development of strategies to increase oil content in C. esculentus tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcheng Zhu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Zunmiao Wei
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, 136105, China.
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Bingyang Jiao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Fan Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Jingwen Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Yajing Liu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Xuguang Yang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Jinhao Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Xinyue Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Zhongsheng Mu
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, 136105, China.
| | - Qingyu Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
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21
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Hanano A, Blée E, Murphy DJ. Caleosin/peroxygenases: multifunctional proteins in plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:387-409. [PMID: 36656070 PMCID: PMC10072107 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caleosin/peroxygenases (CLO/PXGs) are a family of multifunctional proteins that are ubiquitous in land plants and are also found in some fungi and green algae. CLO/PXGs were initially described as a class of plant lipid-associated proteins with some similarities to the oleosins that stabilize lipid droplets (LDs) in storage tissues, such as seeds. However, we now know that CLO/PXGs have more complex structures, distributions and functions than oleosins. Structurally, CLO/PXGs share conserved domains that confer specific biochemical features, and they have diverse localizations and functions. SCOPE This review surveys the structural properties of CLO/PXGs and their biochemical roles. In addition to their highly conserved structures, CLO/PXGs have peroxygenase activities and are involved in several aspects of oxylipin metabolism in plants. The enzymatic activities and the spatiotemporal expression of CLO/PXGs are described and linked with their wider involvement in plant physiology. Plant CLO/PXGs have many roles in both biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants and in their responses to environmental toxins. Finally, some intriguing developments in the biotechnological uses of CLO/PXGs are addressed. CONCLUSIONS It is now two decades since CLO/PXGs were first recognized as a new class of lipid-associated proteins and only 15 years since their additional enzymatic functions as a new class of peroxygenases were discovered. There are many interesting research questions that remain to be addressed in future physiological studies of plant CLO/PXGs and in their recently discovered roles in the sequestration and, possibly, detoxification of a wide variety of lipidic xenobiotics that can challenge plant welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria
| | - Elizabeth Blée
- Former Head of Phyto-oxylipins laboratory, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Strasbourg, France
| | - Denis J Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Treforest, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria
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22
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Zhang W, Xiong T, Ye F, Chen JH, Chen YR, Cao JJ, Feng ZG, Zhang ZB. The lineage-specific evolution of the oleosin family in Theaceae. Gene 2023; 868:147385. [PMID: 36958508 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Oleosins play essential roles in stabilization of lipid droplets (LDs) and seed oil production. However, evolution of this gene family has not been reported in Theaceae, a large plant family that contains many important tea and oil tea species. In this study, a total of 65 oleosin genes were identified in nine genome-sequenced Theaceae species. Among these genomes, the gene number of oleosin showed significant difference, with Camellia sinensis var. sinensis cv. Shuchazao and Camellia lanceoleosa displayed more oleosin numbers than other species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Theaceae oleosin genes were classified into three clades (U, SL, SH) respectively. Proteins within the same clade had similar gene structure and motif composition. Segmental duplication was the primary driving force for the evolution of oleosin genes in Shuchazao (SCZ), Huangdan (HD), C.lanceoleosa (Cla), and wild tea (DASZ). Synteny analysis showed that most oleosin genes displayed inter-species synteny among tea and oil tea species. Expression analysis demonstrated that oleosin genes were specifically expressed in seed and kernel of Huangdan (HD) and C.lanceoleosa. Moreover, expression divergence was observed in paralogous pairs and ∼1-2 oleosin genes in each clade have become activate. This study leads to a comprehensive understanding of evolution of oleosin family in Theaceae, and provides a rich resource to further address the functions of oleosin in tea and oil tea species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Fan Ye
- College of International Education, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Jia-Hui Chen
- College of International Education, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Rui Chen
- College of International Education, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Jia-Jia Cao
- College of International Education, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Feng
- School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Hainan, China.
| | - Zai-Bao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
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23
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Jin F, Zhou Y, Zhang P, Huang R, Fan W, Li B, Li G, Song X, Pei D. Identification of Key Lipogenesis Stages and Proteins Involved in Walnut Kernel Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4306-4318. [PMID: 36854654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts are abundant in oil content, especially for polyunsaturated fatty acids, but the understanding of their formation is limited. We collected walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernels at 60, 74, 88, 102, 116, 130, and 144 days after pollination (designated S1-S7). The ultrastructure and accumulation of oil bodies (OBs) were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the oil content, fatty acid composition, and proteomic changes in walnut kernels were determined. The oil content and OB accumulation increased during the development and rose sharply from S1 to S3 stages, which are considered the key lipogenesis stage. A total of 5442 proteins were identified and determined as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) using label-free proteomic analysis. Fatty acid desaturases (FAD) 2, FAD3, oleosin, and caleosin were essential and upregulated from the S1 to S3 stages. Furthermore, the highly expressed oleosin gene JrOLE14.7 from walnuts was cloned and overexpressed in transgenic Brassica napus. The overexpression of JrOLE14.7 increased the oil content, diameter, hundred weight of seeds and changed the fatty acid composition and OB size of Brassica napus seeds. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of oil biosynthesis and the basis for the genetic improvement of walnuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ruimin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Baoxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Guangzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiaobo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Dong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
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24
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Chen K, Yin Y, Ding Y, Chao H, Li M. Characterization of Oil Body and Starch Granule Dynamics in Developing Seeds of Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044201. [PMID: 36835614 PMCID: PMC9967339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassica napus is the most important oilseed crop in the world, and the lipid was stored in the oil body (OB) in the form of triacylglycerol. At present, most of studies on the relationship between oil body morphology and seed oil content in B. napus was focused on mature seeds. In the present study, the OBs in different developing seeds of B. napus with relatively high oil content (HOC) of about 50% and low oil content (LOC) of about 39% were analyzed. It was revealed that the size of OBs was first increased and then decreased in both materials. And in late seed developmental stages, the average OB size of rapeseed with HOC was higher than that of LOC, while it was reversed in the early seed developmental stages. No significant difference was observed on starch granule (SG) size in HOC and LOC rapeseed. Further results indicated that the expression of genes that involved in malonyl-CoA metabolism, fatty acid carbon chain extension, lipid metabolism, and starch synthesis in the rapeseed with HOC was higher than that of rapeseed with LOC. These results give some new insight for understanding the dynamics of OBs and SGs in embryos of B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yiran Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence:
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25
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Sagun JV, Yadav UP, Alonso AP. Progress in understanding and improving oil content and quality in seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1116894. [PMID: 36778708 PMCID: PMC9909563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1116894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The world's population is projected to increase by two billion by 2050, resulting in food and energy insecurity. Oilseed crops have been identified as key to address these challenges: they produce and store lipids in the seeds as triacylglycerols that can serve as a source of food/feed, renewable fuels, and other industrially-relevant chemicals. Therefore, improving seed oil content and composition has generated immense interest. Research efforts aiming to unravel the regulatory pathways involved in fatty acid synthesis and to identify targets for metabolic engineering have made tremendous progress. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge of oil metabolism and discusses how photochemical activity and unconventional pathways can contribute to high carbon conversion efficiency in seeds. It also highlights the importance of 13C-metabolic flux analysis as a tool to gain insights on the pathways that regulate oil biosynthesis in seeds. Finally, a list of key genes and regulators that have been recently targeted to enhance seed oil production are reviewed and additional possible targets in the metabolic pathways are proposed to achieve desirable oil content and quality.
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26
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Jin W, Yang X, Shang W, Wu Y, Guo C, Huang W, Deng Q, Peng D. Assembled structure and interfacial properties of oleosome-associated proteins from Camellia oleifera as natural surface-active agents. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Ahmadi AJ, Ahmadikhah A. Occurrence of simple sequence repeats in cDNA sequences of safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius) reveals the importance of SSR-containing genes for cell biology and dynamic response to environmental cues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:991107. [PMID: 36466261 PMCID: PMC9714374 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.991107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is a diploid crop plant belonging to the family Asteraceae and is well known as one of important oilseed crops due to edible oil containing unsaturated fatty acids. In recent years it is gaining increased attention for food, pharmaceutical and industrial uses, and hence the updating its breeding methods is necessary. Genic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in addition of being desire molecular markers, are supposed to influence gene function and the respective phenotype. This study aimed to identify SSRs in cDNA sequences and further analysis of the functional features of the SSR-containing genes to elucidate their role in biological and cellular processes. We identified 1,841 SSR regions in 1,667 cDNA sequences. Among all types of repeats, trinucleotide repeats were the most abundant (35.7%), followed by hexanucleotide (29.6%) and dinucleotide repeats (22.0%). Thirty five SSR primer pairs were validated by PCR reaction, detected a high rate of polymorphism (>57%) among safflower accessions, physically mapped on safflower genome and could clearly discriminate the cultivated accessions from wild relatives. The cDNA-derived SSR markers are suitable for evaluation of genetic diversity, linkage and association mapping studies and genome-based breeding programmes. Occurrence of SSR repeats in biologically-important classes of proteins such as kinases, transferases and transcription factors was inferred from functional analyses, which along with variability of their repeat copies, can endow the cell and whole organism the flexibility of facing with continuously changing environment, and indicate a structure-based evolution mechanism of the genome which acts as an up-to-dating tool for the cell and whole origanism, which is realized in GO terms such as involvement of most SSR-containing genes in biological, cellular and metabolic processes, especially in response to stimulus, response to stress, interaction to other organisms and defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jawid Ahmadi
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Higher Education Institute of Samangan, Samangan, Afghanistan
| | - Assadollah Ahmadikhah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Winichayakul S, Macknight R, Le Lievre L, Beechey-Gradwell Z, Lee R, Cooney L, Xue H, Crowther T, Anderson P, Richardson K, Zou X, Maher D, Bryan G, Roberts N. Insight into the regulatory networks underlying the high lipid perennial ryegrass growth under different irradiances. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275503. [PMID: 36227922 PMCID: PMC9560171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Under favourable conditions, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) engineered to accumulated high lipid (HL) carbon sink in their leaves was previously shown to also enhance photosynthesis and growth. The greater aboveground biomass was found to be diminished in a dense canopy compared to spaced pots. Besides, the underlying genetic regulatory network linking between leaf lipid sinks and these physiological changes remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the growth advantage was not displayed in HL Lolium grown in spaced pots under low lights. Under standard lights, analysis of differentiating transcripts in HL Lolium reveals that the plants had elevated transcripts involved in lipid metabolism, light capturing, photosynthesis, and sugar signalling while reduced expression of genes participating in sugar biosynthesis and transportation. The plants also had altered several transcripts involved in mitochondrial oxidative respiration and redox potential. Many of the above upregulated or downregulated transcript levels were found to be complemented by growing the plants under low light. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of carbon and energy homeostatic regulatory mechanisms to overall productivity of the HL Lolium through photosynthesis, most of which are significantly impacted by low irradiances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Macknight
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Liam Le Lievre
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Robyn Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Luke Cooney
- AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Hong Xue
- AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Xiuying Zou
- AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Nick Roberts
- AgResearch Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (SW); (NR)
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El-Badri AM, Batool M, Mohamed IAA, Wang Z, Wang C, Tabl KM, Khatab A, Kuai J, Wang J, Wang B, Zhou G. Mitigation of the salinity stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) productivity by exogenous applications of bio-selenium nanoparticles during the early seedling stage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119815. [PMID: 35926737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been directed toward using nanoparticles (NPs) as one of the most effective strategies to improve plant growth, especially under salt stress conditions. Further research has been conducted to develop NPs using various chemical ways; accordingly, knowledge about the beneficial effect of bioSeNPs in rapeseed is obscure. Selenium (Se) is a vital micronutrient with a series of physiological and antioxidative properties. Seed priming is emerging as a low-cost, efficient, and environment-friendly seed treatment in nanotechnology. The current study was carried out to examine the promising effects of nanopriming via bioSeNPs on the expression level of aquaporin genes, seed microstructure, seed germination, growth traits, physiochemical attributes, and minerals uptake of two rapeseed cultivars under salinity stress conditions. Our investigation monitored the positive effects of bioSeNPs on the expression level of aquaporin genes (BnPIP1-1 and BnPIP2-1) and water uptake during the seed imbibition (4 and 8 h of priming), which indicated higher imbibition potential and germination promotion with bioSeNPs application (most effective at 150 μmol/L). The total performance index was significantly enhanced with nano-treatments in rapeseed seedlings. Collectively, nano-application improved seed microstructure, seed germination, and photosynthetic efficiency directly correlated with higher seedlings biomass, especially with a higher concentration of bioSeNPs. The enhancement in α-amylase and free amino acid contents in nanoprimed seeds resulted in rapid seed germination. Moreover, bioSeNPs increased the osmotic adjustment and enhanced the efficiency of the plant's defense system by improving the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, thus enhancing ROS scavenging under salt stress. The obtained results may indicate the strengthening of seed vigor, improving seedling growth and physiochemical attributes via bioSeNPs. Our findings displayed that bioSeNPs modulated the Na+ and K+ uptake, which improved the rapeseed growth and showed a close relationship with the low contents of toxic Na+ ion; thus, it prevented oxidative damage due to salt stress. This comprehensive data can add more knowledge to understand the mechanisms behind plant-bioSeNPs interaction and provide physiological evidence for the beneficial roles of nanopriming using bioSeNPs on rapeseed germination and seedling development under salinity stress conditions. Such studies can be used to develop simple prepackaged nano primer products, which can be used before sowing to boost seed germination and crop productivity under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoud El-Badri
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Maria Batool
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ibrahim A A Mohamed
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Zongkai Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunyun Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Karim M Tabl
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, 21531, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khatab
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Jie Kuai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Niñoles R, Planes D, Arjona P, Ruiz-Pastor C, Chazarra R, Renard J, Bueso E, Forment J, Serrano R, Kranner I, Roach T, Gadea J. Comparative analysis of wild-type accessions reveals novel determinants of Arabidopsis seed longevity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:2708-2728. [PMID: 35672914 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic factors involved in seed longevity is of paramount importance in agricultural and ecological contexts. The polygenic nature of this trait suggests that many of them remain undiscovered. Here, we exploited the contrasting seed longevity found amongst Arabidopsis thaliana accessions to further understand this phenomenon. Concentrations of glutathione were higher in longer-lived than shorter-lived accessions, supporting that redox poise plays a prominent role in seed longevity. However, high seed permeability, normally associated with shorter longevity, is also present in long-lived accessions. Dry seed transcriptome analysis indicated that the contribution to longevity of stored messenger RNA (mRNAs) is complex, including mainly accession-specific mechanisms. The detrimental effect on longevity caused by other factors may be counterbalanced by higher levels of specific mRNAs stored in dry seeds, for instance those of heat-shock proteins. Indeed, loss-of-function mutant analysis demonstrated that heat-shock factors HSF1A and 1B contributed to longevity. Furthermore, mutants of the stress-granule zinc-finger protein TZF9 or the spliceosome subunits MOS4 or MAC3A/MAC3B, extended seed longevity, positioning RNA as a novel player in the regulation of seed viability. mRNAs of proteins with putative relevance to longevity were also abundant in shorter-lived accessions, reinforcing the idea that resistance to ageing is determined by multiple factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Niñoles
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Planes
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Paloma Arjona
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ruiz-Pastor
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Chazarra
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan Renard
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Bueso
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Forment
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Serrano
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ilse Kranner
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - José Gadea
- Department of Stress, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
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31
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Oil-Body-Membrane Proteins in Polyploid Crop Brassica napus. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172241. [PMID: 36079626 PMCID: PMC9460193 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oil-body-membrane proteins (OBMPs) are essential structural molecules of oil bodies and also versatile metabolic enzymes involved in multiple cellular processes such as lipid metabolism, hormone signaling and stress responses. However, the global landscape for OBMP genes in oil crops is still lacking. Here, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization of OBMP genes in polyploid crop Brassica napus. B. napus contains up to 88 BnaOBMP genes including 53 oleosins, 20 caleosins and 15 steroleosins. Both whole-genome and tandem duplications have contributed to the expansion of the BnaOBMP gene family. These BnaOBMP genes have extensive sequence polymorphisms, and some harbor strong selection signatures. Various cis-acting regulatory elements involved in plant growth, phytohormones and abiotic and biotic stress responses are detected in their promoters. BnaOBMPs exhibit differential expression at various developmental stages from diverse tissues. Importantly, some BnaOBMP genes display spatiotemporal patterns of seed-specific expression, which could be orchestrated by transcriptional factors such as EEL, GATA3, HAT2, SMZ, DOF5.6 and APL. Altogether, our data lay the foundations for studying the regulatory mechanism of the seed oil storage process and provide candidate genes and alleles for the genetic improvement and breeding of rapeseed with high seed oil content.
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32
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Regulation of Heat Stress in Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens Provides Novel Insight into the Functions of Plant RNase H1s. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169270. [PMID: 36012542 PMCID: PMC9409398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RNase H1s are associated with growth and development in both plants and animals, while the roles of RNase H1s in bryophytes have been rarely reported. Our previous data found that PpRNH1A, a member of the RNase H1 family, could regulate the development of Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens by regulating the auxin. In this study, we further investigated the biological functions of PpRNH1A and found PpRNH1A may participate in response to heat stress by affecting the numbers and the mobilization of lipid droplets and regulating the expression of heat-related genes. The expression level of PpRNH1A was induced by heat stress (HS), and we found that the PpRNH1A overexpression plants (A-OE) were more sensitive to HS. At the same time, A-OE plants have a higher number of lipid droplets but with less mobility in cells. Consistent with the HS sensitivity phenotype in A-OE plants, transcriptomic analysis results indicated that PpRNH1A is involved in the regulation of expression of heat-related genes such as DNAJ and DNAJC. Taken together, these results provide novel insight into the functions of RNase H1s.
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33
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Bacillus subtilis biofilm matrix components target seed oil bodies to promote growth and anti-fungal resistance in melon. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:1001-1015. [PMID: 35668112 PMCID: PMC9246715 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial microorganisms are used to stimulate the germination of seeds; however, their growth-promoting mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Bacillus subtilis is commonly found in association with different plant organs, providing protection against pathogens or stimulating plant growth. We report that application of B. subtilis to melon seeds results in genetic and physiological responses in seeds that alter the metabolic and developmental status in 5-d and 1-month-old plants upon germination. We analysed mutants in different components of the extracellular matrix of B. subtilis biofilms in interaction with seeds and found cooperation in bacterial colonization of seed storage tissues and growth promotion. Combining confocal microscopy with fluorogenic probes, we found that two specific components of the extracellular matrix, amyloid protein TasA and fengycin, differentially increased the concentrations of reactive oxygen species inside seeds. Further, using electron and fluorescence microscopy and metabolomics, we showed that both TasA and fengycin targeted the oil bodies in the seed endosperm, resulting in specific changes in lipid metabolism and accumulation of glutathione-related molecules. In turn, this results in two different plant growth developmental programmes: TasA and fengycin stimulate the development of radicles, and fengycin alone stimulate the growth of adult plants and resistance in the phylloplane to the fungus Botrytis cinerea. Understanding mechanisms of bacterial growth promotion will enable the design of bespoke growth promotion strains. Mechanisms of growth promotion of Bacillus subtilis on melon seeds are identified using a combination of multi-omics and microscopy.
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Chu Z, Wang H, Wang Y, Chang S, Jia S, Pang L, Xi C, Liu J, Zhao H, Zhou X, Han S, Wang Y. OsHSD2 interaction with and phosphorylation by OsCPK21 is essential for lipid metabolism during rice caryopsis development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 274:153714. [PMID: 35569367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 (OsCPK21) is specifically and highly expressed throughout reproductive development and plays a critical role in rice pollen development by indirectly regulating the MIKC*-type MADS box transcription factor. However, little is known about the function of OsCPK21 in rice caryopsis development. In this study, we performed an in vitro pull-down experiment followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis and identified hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (HSD2) as a candidate OsCPK21-interacting protein in 25 DAF (days after flowering) rice caryopses. Then, we verified the interaction between OsCPK21 and OsHSD2 using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence assays and revealed the in vitro phosphorylation of OsHSD2 by OsCPK21. Furthermore, oscpk21 and oshsd2 mutants were generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, and we found that the lipid profiles were drastically changed in both oscpk21 and oshsd2, implying that OsHSD2 phosphorylated by OsCPK21 regulates lipid abundance in caryopsis development, thereby providing a potential target for the genetic improvement of rice grain quality in future lipid-related breeding and biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Chu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hanmeng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yinxing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shu Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shenghua Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lu Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chao Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhou
- Department of Crop Genomic & Genetic Improvement, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability of the People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China.
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability of the People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China.
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35
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Krawczyk HE, Rotsch AH, Herrfurth C, Scholz P, Shomroni O, Salinas-Riester G, Feussner I, Ischebeck T. Heat stress leads to rapid lipid remodeling and transcriptional adaptations in Nicotiana tabacum pollen tubes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:490-515. [PMID: 35302599 PMCID: PMC9157110 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
After reaching the stigma, pollen grains germinate and form a pollen tube that transports the sperm cells to the ovule. Due to selection pressure between pollen tubes, pollen grains likely evolved mechanisms to quickly adapt to temperature changes to sustain elongation at the highest possible rate. We investigated these adaptions in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) pollen tubes grown in vitro under 22°C and 37°C by a multi-omics approach including lipidomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analysis. Both glycerophospholipids and galactoglycerolipids increased in saturated acyl chains under heat stress (HS), while triacylglycerols (TGs) changed less in respect to desaturation but increased in abundance. Free sterol composition was altered, and sterol ester levels decreased. The levels of sterylglycosides and several sphingolipid classes and species were augmented. Most amino acid levels increased during HS, including the noncodogenic amino acids γ-amino butyrate and pipecolate. Furthermore, the sugars sedoheptulose and sucrose showed higher levels. Also, the transcriptome underwent pronounced changes with 1,570 of 24,013 genes being differentially upregulated and 813 being downregulated. Transcripts coding for heat shock proteins and many transcriptional regulators were most strongly upregulated but also transcripts that have so far not been linked to HS. Transcripts involved in TG synthesis increased, while the modulation of acyl chain desaturation seemed not to be transcriptionally controlled, indicating other means of regulation. In conclusion, we show that tobacco pollen tubes are able to rapidly remodel their lipidome under HS likely by post-transcriptional and/or post-translational regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Elisa Krawczyk
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Alexander Helmut Rotsch
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herrfurth
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Patricia Scholz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS—Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Institute of Human Genetics, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas-Riester
- NGS—Integrative Genomics Core Unit (NIG), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Institute of Human Genetics, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Green Biotechnology, Münster 48143, Germany
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36
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Bano N, Fakhrah S, Mohanty CS, Bag SK. Transcriptome Meta-Analysis Associated Targeting Hub Genes and Pathways of Drought and Salt Stress Responses in Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum): A Network Biology Approach. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:818472. [PMID: 35548277 PMCID: PMC9083274 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.818472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress tolerance is an intricate feature controlled through several genes and networks in the plant system. In abiotic stress, salt, and drought are well known to limit cotton productivity. Transcriptomics meta-analysis has arisen as a robust method to unravel the stress-responsive molecular network in crops. In order to understand drought and salt stress tolerance mechanisms, a meta-analysis of transcriptome studies is crucial. To confront these issues, here, we have given details of genes and networks associated with significant differential expression in response to salt and drought stress. The key regulatory hub genes of drought and salt stress conditions have notable associations with functional drought and salt stress-responsive (DSSR) genes. In the network study, nodulation signaling pathways 2 (NSP2), Dehydration-responsive element1 D (DRE1D), ethylene response factor (ERF61), cycling DOF factor 1 (CDF1), and tubby like protein 3 (TLP3) genes in drought and tubby like protein 1 (TLP1), thaumatin-like proteins (TLP), ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF109 (EF109), ETS-Related transcription Factor (ELF4), and Arabidopsis thaliana homeodomain leucine-zipper gene (ATHB7) genes in salt showed the significant putative functions and pathways related to providing tolerance against drought and salt stress conditions along with the significant expression values. These outcomes provide potential candidate genes for further in-depth functional studies in cotton, which could be useful for the selection of an improved genotype of Gossypium hirsutum against drought and salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreen Bano
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shafquat Fakhrah
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Mohanty
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Bag
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Zou Z, Zhao Y, Zhang L. Genomic insights into lineage-specific evolution of the oleosin family in Euphorbiaceae. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:178. [PMID: 35246041 PMCID: PMC8897914 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid droplets (LDs) present in land plants serve as an essential energy and carbon reserve for seed germination and seedling development. Oleosins, the most abundant structural proteins of LDs, comprise a small family involved in LD formation, stabilization and degradation. Despite their importance, our knowledge on oleosins is still poor in Euphorbiaceae, a large plant family that contains several important oil-bearing species. RESULTS To uncover lineage-specific evolution of oleosin genes in Euphorbiaceae, in this study, we performed a genome-wide identification and comprehensive comparison of the oleosin family in Euphorbiaceae species with available genome sequences, i.e. castor bean (Ricinus communis), physic nut (Jatropha curcas), tung tree (Vernicia fordii), Mercurialis annua, cassava (Manihot esculenta) and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), and a number of five, five, five, five, eight and eight members were found, respectively. Synteny analysis revealed one-to-one collinear relationship of oleosin genes between the former four (i.e. castor bean, physic nut, tung tree and M. annua) as well as latter two species (i.e. cassava and rubber tree), whereas one-to-one and one-to-two collinear relationships were observed between physic nut and cassava, reflecting the occurrence of one recent whole-genome duplication (WGD) in the last common ancestor of cassava and rubber tree. The presence of five ortholog groups representing three previously defined clades (i.e. U, SL and SH) dates back at least to the Malpighiales ancestor, because they are also conserved in poplar (Populus trichocarpa), a tree having experienced one Salicaceae-specific recent WGD. As observed in poplar, WGD was shown to be the main driver for the family expansion in both cassava and rubber tree. Nevertheless, same retention patterns of WGD-derived duplicates observed in cassava and rubber tree are somewhat different from that of poplar, though certain homologous fragments are still present in rubber tree. Further transcriptional profiling revealed an apparent seed-predominant expression pattern of oleosin genes in physic nut, castor bean and rubber tree. Moreover, structure and expression divergence of paralogous pairs were also observed in both cassava and rubber tree. CONCLUSION Comparative genomics analysis of oleosin genes reported in this study improved our knowledge on lineage-specific family evolution in Euphorbiaceae, which also provides valuable information for further functional analysis and utilization of key members and their promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongguo Zhao
- Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Lee SE, Yoon IS, Hwang YS. Abscisic acid activation of oleosin gene HvOle3 expression prevents the coalescence of protein storage vacuoles in barley aleurone cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:817-834. [PMID: 34698829 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in aleurone cells coalesce during germination, and this process is highly coupled with mobilization of PSV reserves, allowing de novo synthesis of various hydrolases in aleurone cells for endosperm degradation. Here we show that in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) oleosins, the major integral proteins of oleosomes are encoded by four genes (HvOle1 to 4), and the expression of HvOle1 and HvOle3 is strongly up-regulated by abscisic acid (ABA), which shows antagonism to gibberellic acid. In aleurone cells, all HvOLEs were subcellularly targeted to the tonoplast of PSVs. Gain-of-function analyses revealed that HvOLE3 effectively delayed PSV coalescence, whereas HvOLE1 only had a moderate effect, with no notable effect of HvOLE2 and 4. With regard to longevity, HvOLE3 chiefly outperformed other HvOLEs, followed by HvOLE1. Experiments swapping the N- and C-terminal domain between HvOLE3 and other HvOLEs showed that the N-terminal region of HvOLE3 is mainly responsible, with some positive effect by the C-terminal region, for mediating the specific preventive effect of HvOLE3 on PSV coalescence. Three ACGT-core elements and the RY-motif were responsible for ABA induction of HvOle3 promoter activity. Transient expression assays using aleurone protoplasts demonstrated that transcriptional activation of the HvOle3 promoter was mediated by transcription factors HvABI3 and HvABI5, which acted downstream of protein kinase HvPKABA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sic Hwang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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El-Badri AM, Batool M, Wang C, Hashem AM, Tabl KM, Nishawy E, Kuai J, Zhou G, Wang B. Selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles modulate the molecular and morpho-physiological processes during seed germination of Brassica napus under salt stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112695. [PMID: 34478972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The advent of the nanotechnology era offers a unique opportunity for sustainable agriculture, and the contribution of nanoparticles (NPs) to ameliorate abiotic stresses became the new area of interest for researchers due to their special physiochemical characteristics in the biological system. Salinity is a key devastating abiotic factor that hinders the development and yield of rapeseed. On the flip side, the impact of nanoparticles on plant hormones upon salt stress during seed imbibition and germination has been poorly understood. Hence, we aimed to study the influence of nanopriming on plant hormones and germination processes using selenium and zinc oxide nanoparticles (SeNPs and ZnONPs) during seed imbibition and the early seedling stage upon salinity stress. Nanopriming showed a positive effect on final germination percentage, germination rate, seed microstructure, and antioxidant enzyme activity of two rapeseed cultivars under salt stress. Moreover, nano-treatment decreased the expression of abscisic acid related genes BnCYP707A1, 3, and 4 during the priming time and after sowing, where the levels of BnCYP707A1, and 3 genes showed a slightly significant difference between the nanopriming and hydropriming, which gave an evidence that the nanopriming influenced the ABA levels then elevated the seed germination with SeNPs and ZnONPs. Likewise, nanoparticles significantly elevated the expression levels of BnGA20ox, BnGA3ox and BnCPS genes during the germination stage, especially at 24 h after being sown in salt stress. That confirms the positive role of SeNPs and ZnONPs in regulating gibberellic acid level, which increases the germination in primed seeds as compared to unprimed seeds and hydroprimed seeds. Additionally, our results demonstrated that nanopriming regulated the expression level of BnCAM and BnPER during priming time and after sowing, along with the various levels of expression remarkably in BnEXP4 and BnRAB28, especially at 24 h of being sown under salt stress, which promoted seed germination and early seedling growth. Overall, this work provides new insights into mechanisms underlying the interactions of SeNPs and ZnONPs with plant hormones during the seed imbibition and early seedling stage, consequently enhanced plant growth and development. Additionally, these findings portrayed that the application of SeNPs and ZnONPs could be a new strategy and useful approach to enhance tolerance against salinity in rapeseed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoud El-Badri
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Maria Batool
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunyun Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ahmed M Hashem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Karim M Tabl
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, 21531 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Nishawy
- Desert Research Center, Genetics Resource Department, Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank, Cairo 11735, Egypt
| | - Jie Kuai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Pyc M, Gidda SK, Seay D, Esnay N, Kretzschmar FK, Cai Y, Doner NM, Greer MS, Hull JJ, Coulon D, Bréhélin C, Yurchenko O, de Vries J, Valerius O, Braus GH, Ischebeck T, Chapman KD, Dyer JM, Mullen RT. LDIP cooperates with SEIPIN and LDAP to facilitate lipid droplet biogenesis in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:3076-3103. [PMID: 34244767 PMCID: PMC8462815 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) are evolutionarily conserved organelles that store neutral lipids and play critical roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their biogenesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remain obscure. Here we show that a recently identified protein termed LD-associated protein [LDAP]-interacting protein (LDIP) works together with both endoplasmic reticulum-localized SEIPIN and the LD-coat protein LDAP to facilitate LD formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Heterologous expression in insect cells demonstrated that LDAP is required for the targeting of LDIP to the LD surface, and both proteins are required for the production of normal numbers and sizes of LDs in plant cells. LDIP also interacts with SEIPIN via a conserved hydrophobic helix in SEIPIN and LDIP functions together with SEIPIN to modulate LD numbers and sizes in plants. Further, the co-expression of both proteins is required to restore normal LD production in SEIPIN-deficient yeast cells. These data, combined with the analogous function of LDIP to a mammalian protein called LD Assembly Factor 1, are discussed in the context of a new model for LD biogenesis in plant cells with evolutionary connections to LD biogenesis in other eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Damien Seay
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, Arizona 85138, USA
| | - Nicolas Esnay
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Franziska K. Kretzschmar
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Nathan M. Doner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | | | - J. Joe Hull
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, Arizona 85138, USA
| | - Denis Coulon
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Claire Bréhélin
- Université de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Jan de Vries
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences and Campus Institute Data Science, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Valerius
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard H. Braus
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Department for Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kent D. Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
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Karagiannis E, Michailidis M, Skodra C, Stamatakis G, Dasenaki M, Ganopoulos I, Samiotaki M, Thomaidis NS, Molassiotis A, Tanou G. Proteo-metabolomic journey across olive drupe development and maturation. Food Chem 2021; 363:130339. [PMID: 34147896 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maturity is one of the most important factors associated with the quality of olive products, however the molecular events underlying olive drupe development remain poorly characterized. Using proteomic and metabolomic approaches, this study investigated the changes in the olive drupes (cv. Chondrolia Chalkidikis) across six developmental stages (S1-S6) that characterize the dynamics of fruit growth and color. Primary metabolites, including carbohydrates and organic acids (i.e., xylose, malic acid), showed significant accumulation in the black maturation stage. Temporal changes in various secondary metabolites (e.g., oleuropein, oleacin and tyrosol) were also observed. Proteins involved in oxidation-reduction (i.e., LOX1/5), carbohydrate metabolism (i.e., GLUA, PG) and photosynthesis (i.e., chlorophyll a-b binding proteins) significantly altered in the turning black compared to the green mature stage. By providing the first proteometabolomic study of olive drupe development, this investigation offers a novel framework for further studies on this economically relevant crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Karagiannis
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece.
| | - Michail Michailidis
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece.
| | - Christina Skodra
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece.
| | - George Stamatakis
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari 16672, Greece.
| | - Marilena Dasenaki
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, Thessaloniki-Thermi 57001, Greece.
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari 16672, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Athanassios Molassiotis
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece.
| | - Georgia Tanou
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, Thessaloniki-Thermi 57001, Greece.
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He Z, Mattison CP, Zhang D, Grimm CC. Vicilin and legumin storage proteins are abundant in water and alkali soluble protein fractions of glandless cottonseed. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9209. [PMID: 33911142 PMCID: PMC8080652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we sequentially extracted water (CSPw)- and alkali (CSPa)-soluble protein fractions from glandless cottonseed. SDS-Gel electrophoresis separated CSPw and CSPa to 8 and 14 dominant polypeptide bands (110-10 kDa), respectively. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry identified peptide fragments from 336 proteins. While the majority of peptides were identified as belonging to vicilin and legumin storage proteins, peptides from other functional and uncharacterized proteins were also detected. Based on the types (unique peptide count) and relative abundance (normalized total ion current) of the polypeptides detected by mass spectrometry, we found lower levels (abundance) and types of legumin isoforms, but higher levels and more fragments of vicilin-like antimicrobial peptides in glandless samples, compared to glanded samples. Differences in peptide fragment patterns of 2S albumin and oleosin were also observed between glandless and glanded protein samples. These differences might be due to the higher extraction recovery of proteins from glandless cottonseed as proteins from glanded cottonseed tend to be associated with gossypol, reducing extraction efficiency. This work enriches the fundamental knowledge of glandless cottonseed protein composition. For practical considerations, this peptide information will be helpful to allow better understanding of the functional and physicochemical properties of glandless cottonseed protein, and improving the potential for food or feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqi He
- USDA-ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, 70124, USA.
| | | | - Dunhua Zhang
- USDA-ARS, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Casey C Grimm
- USDA-ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, 70124, USA
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Bhunia RK, Sinha K, Kaur R, Kaur S, Chawla K. A Holistic View of the Genetic Factors Involved in Triggering Hydrolytic and Oxidative Rancidity of Rice Bran Lipids. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1915328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupam Kumar Bhunia
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kshitija Sinha
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjeet Kaur
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kirti Chawla
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Bai X, Chen T, Wu Y, Tang M, Xu ZF. Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for qRT-PCR Analysis in the Oil-Rich Tuber Crop Tiger Nut ( Cyperus esculentus) Based on Transcriptome Data. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052569. [PMID: 33806437 PMCID: PMC7961719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus), a perennial C4 plant of the Cyperaceae family, is an unconventional crop that is distinguished by its oil-rich tubers, which also possesses the advantages of strong resistance, wide adaptability, short life periods, and large biomass. To facilitate studies on gene expression in this species, we identified and validated a series of reference genes (RGs) based on transcriptome data, which can be employed as internal controls for qRT-PCR analysis in tiger nut. Fourteen putative candidate RGs were identified and evaluated across nine different tissues of two cultivars, and the RGs were analyzed using three different algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper). The stability rankings of the candidate RGs were merged into consensus lists with RankAggreg. For the below-ground storage organ of tiger nut, the optimal RGs were TUB4 and UCE2 in different developmental stages of tubers. UCE2 and UBL5 were the most stably expressed RGs among all tissues, while Rubisco and PGK exhibited the lowest expression stability. UCE2, UBL5 and Rubisco were compared to normalize the expression levels of the caleosin (CLO) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2-2 (DGAT2-2) genes across the same tissues. Our results showed that the RGs identified in this study, which exhibit more uniform expression patterns, may be utilized for the normalization of qRT-PCR results, promoting further research on gene expression in various tissues of tiger nut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (X.B.); (T.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (X.B.); (T.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (X.B.); (T.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mingyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (X.B.); (T.C.); (Y.W.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Z.-F.X.)
| | - Zeng-Fu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, China; (X.B.); (T.C.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Z.-F.X.)
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Ji H, Liu D, Yang Z. High oil accumulation in tuber of yellow nutsedge compared to purple nutsedge is associated with more abundant expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol storage. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:54. [PMID: 33653389 PMCID: PMC7923336 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yellow nutsedge is a unique plant species that can accumulate up to 35% oil of tuber dry weight, perhaps the highest level observed in the tuber tissues of plant kingdom. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism that leads to high oil accumulation in yellow nutsedge, gene expression profiles of oil production pathways involved carbon metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, triacylglycerol synthesis, and triacylglycerol storage during tuber development were compared with purple nutsedge, the closest relative of yellow nutsedge that is poor in oil accumulation. RESULTS Compared with purple nutsedge, high oil accumulation in yellow nutsedge was associated with significant up-regulation of specific key enzymes of plastidial RubisCO bypass as well as malate and pyruvate metabolism, almost all fatty acid synthesis enzymes, and seed-like oil-body proteins. However, overall transcripts for carbon metabolism toward carbon precursor for fatty acid synthesis were comparable and for triacylglycerol synthesis were similar in both species. Two seed-like master transcription factors ABI3 and WRI1 were found to display similar transcript patterns but were expressed at 6.5- and 14.3-fold higher levels in yellow nutsedge than in purple nutsedge, respectively. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed that ABI3 was in strong transcriptional coordination with WRI1 and other key oil-related genes. CONCLUSIONS These results implied that pyruvate availability and fatty acid synthesis in plastid, along with triacylglycerol storage in oil bodies, rather than triacylglycerol synthesis in endoplasmic reticulum, are the major factors responsible for high oil production in tuber of yellow nutsedge, and ABI3 most likely plays a critical role in regulating oil accumulation. This study is of significance with regard to understanding the molecular mechanism controlling carbon partitioning toward oil production in oil-rich tuber and provides a valuable reference for enhancing oil accumulation in non-seed tissues of crops through genetic breeding or metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Ji
- Key Lab of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Dantong Liu
- Key Lab of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhenle Yang
- Key Lab of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093 China
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Canaveze Y, Scudeler EL, Rodrigues Machado S. Neem secretory cells: developmental cytology and indications of cell autotoxicity. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:415-429. [PMID: 33140195 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The neem tree (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) contains a range of biologically active compounds-mainly triterpenoids produced in single secretory cells, which are distributed among all plant parts. Neem secretions are toxic to animal cells, triggering autolytic mechanisms that culminate in cell disruption. However, little is known about the self-toxicity of these secretions to the cells that produce them. We carried out an anatomical, histochemical, and ultrastructural investigation of neem's single secretory cells in the shoot apex and in young leaves. We evaluated the morphological changes as possible evidences of stress reactions to their own secretions. The subcellular apparatus involved in synthesis and compartmentation was consistent with hydrophilic and lipophilic secretions. Polymorphic plastids devoid of thylakoids and abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the later stages of differentiation are comparable with previous reports on neem cotyledons with regard to terpenoid synthesis. However, secretions were compartmentalized within autophagic vacuoles and periplasmic spaces instead of in terpenoid vesicles. Cellular swelling, increased vesiculation, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, mitochondrial hypertrophy in the cristolysis process, autolytic vacuoles, and vacuolar degeneration culminating in protoplast autolysis are all consistent with early indications of autotoxicity. The signaling stress reaction mechanism was expressed as cytoplasmic deposits of calcium salt and by the expression of a 70-kDa heat-shock protein. The morphological and histochemical changes in the secreting cells are comparable with those described in animal cells exposed to neem oil. Our data provide evidence of cell damage and signaling reactions linked to these cells' own secretions before autolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yve Canaveze
- IBB - Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, UNESP - São Paulo State University, PO Box 510, Botucatu, São Paulo State, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Elton Luiz Scudeler
- IBB - Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Laboratory of Insects, UNESP - São Paulo State University, PO Box 510, Botucatu, São Paulo State, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Silvia Rodrigues Machado
- IBB - Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, UNESP - São Paulo State University, PO Box 510, Botucatu, São Paulo State, 18618-970, Brazil.
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Jing P, Kong D, Ji L, Kong L, Wang Y, Peng L, Xie G. OsClo5 functions as a transcriptional co-repressor by interacting with OsDi19-5 to negatively affect salt stress tolerance in rice seedlings. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:800-815. [PMID: 33179343 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Caleosins constitute a small protein family with one calcium-binding EF-hand motif. They are involved in the regulation of development and response to abiotic stress in plants. Nevertheless, how they impact salt stress tolerance in rice is largely unknown. Thereby, biochemical and molecular genetic experiments were carried out, and the results revealed that OsClo5 was able to bind calcium and phospholipids in vitro and localized in the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum in rice protoplasts. At the germination and early seedlings stages, overexpression transgenic lines and T-DNA mutant lines exhibited reduced and increased tolerance to salt stress, respectively, compared with the wild-type. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and in vitro pull-down assays demonstrated that the EF-hand motif of OsClo5 was essential for the interactions with itself and OsDi19-5. Yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic migration shift and dual-luciferase reporter assays identified OsDi19-5 as a transcriptional repressor via the TACART cis-element in the promoters of two salt stress-related target genes, OsUSP and OsMST. In addition, OsClo5 enhanced the inhibitory effect of OsDi19-5 in the tobacco transient system, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis in rice seedlings under salt stress. The collective results deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the roles of caleosin in the salt stress response. These findings will also inform efforts to improve salt tolerance of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jing
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dongyan Kong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lingxiao Ji
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Kong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Sharma B, Ma Y, Ferguson AL, Liu AP. In search of a novel chassis material for synthetic cells: emergence of synthetic peptide compartment. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10769-10780. [PMID: 33179713 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01644f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Giant lipid vesicles have been used extensively as a synthetic cell model to recapitulate various life-like processes, including in vitro protein synthesis, DNA replication, and cytoskeleton organization. Cell-sized lipid vesicles are mechanically fragile in nature and prone to rupture due to osmotic stress, which limits their usability. Recently, peptide vesicles have been introduced as a synthetic cell model that would potentially overcome the aforementioned limitations. Peptide vesicles are robust, reasonably more stable than lipid vesicles and can withstand harsh conditions including pH, thermal, and osmotic variations. This mini-review summarizes the current state-of-the-art in the design, engineering, and realization of peptide-based chassis materials, including both experimental and computational work. We present an outlook for simulation-aided and data-driven design and experimental realization of engineered and multifunctional synthetic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bineet Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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Izquierdo Y, Fernández-Santos R, Cascón T, Castresana C. Lipid Droplet Isolation from Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3867. [PMID: 33659507 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are neutral lipid aggregates surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer and specific proteins. In plants, they play a key role as energy source after seed germination, but are also formed in vegetative tissues in response to developmental or environmental conditions, where their functions are poorly understood. To elucidate these, it is essential to isolate LDs with good yields, while retaining their protein components. LD isolation protocols are based on their capacity to float after centrifugation in sucrose gradients. Early strategies using stringent conditions and LD-abundant plant tissues produced pure LDs where core proteins were identified. To identify more weakly bound LD proteins, recent protocols have used low stringency buffers, but carryover contaminants and low yields were often a problem. We have developed a sucrose gradient-based protocol to isolate LDs from Arabidopsis leaves, using Tween-20 and fresh tissue to increase yield. In both healthy and bacterially-infected Arabidopsis leaves, this protocol allowed to identify LD proteins that were later confirmed by microscopy analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovanny Izquierdo
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Tomás Cascón
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Castresana
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
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Fernández-Santos R, Izquierdo Y, López A, Muñiz L, Martínez M, Cascón T, Hamberg M, Castresana C. Protein Profiles of Lipid Droplets during the Hypersensitive Defense Response of Arabidopsis against Pseudomonas Infection. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1144-1157. [PMID: 32219438 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) have classically been viewed as seed storage particles, yet they are now emerging as dynamic organelles associated with developmental and stress responses. Nevertheless, their involvement in plant immunity has still been little studied. Here, we found LD accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves that induced a hypersensitive response (HR) after Pseudomonas infection. We established a protocol to reproducibly isolate LDs and to analyze their protein content. The expression of GFP fusion proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana and in transgenic Arabidopsis lines validated the LD localization of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4 (GPAT4) and 8 (GPAT8), required for cutin biosynthesis. Similarly, we showed LD localization of α-dioxygenase1 (α-DOX1) and caleosin3 (CLO3), involved in the synthesis of fatty acid derivatives, and that of phytoalexin-deficient 3 (PAD3), which is involved in camalexin synthesis. We found evidence suggesting the existence of different populations of LDs, with varying protein contents and distributions. GPAT4 and GPAT8 were associated with LDs inside stomata and surrounding cells of untreated leaves, yet they were mainly confined to LDs in guard cells after bacterial inoculation. By contrast, α-DOX1 and PAD3 were associated with LDs in the epidermal cells of HR-responding leaves, with PAD3 mostly restricted to cells near dead tissue, while CLO3 had a more ubiquitous distribution. As such, the nature of the proteins identified, together with the phenotypic examination of selected mutants, suggests that LDs participate in lipid changes and in the production and transport of defense components affecting the interaction of plants with invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yovanny Izquierdo
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana López
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Muñiz
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Cascón
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mats Hamberg
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Castresana
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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