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Kumar A, Naroju SP, Kumari N, Arsey S, Kumar D, Gubre DF, Roychowdhury A, Tyagi S, Saini P. The role of drought response genes and plant growth promoting bacteria on plant growth promotion under sustainable agriculture: A review. Microbiol Res 2024; 286:127827. [PMID: 39002396 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major stressor that poses significant challenges for agricultural practices. It becomes difficult to meet the global demand for food crops and fodder. Plant physiology, physico-chemistry and morphology changes in plants like decreased photosynthesis and transpiration rate, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, repressed shoot and root shoot growth and modified stress signalling pathways by drought, lead to detrimental impacts on plant development and output. Coping with drought stress requires a variety of adaptations and mitigation techniques. Crop yields could be effectively increased by employing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which operate through many mechanisms. These vital microbes colonise the rhizosphere of crops and promote drought resistance by producing exopolysaccharides (EPS), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase and phytohormones including volatile compounds. The upregulation or downregulation of stress-responsive genes causes changes in root architecture due to acquiring drought resistance. Further, PGPR induces osmolyte and antioxidant accumulation. Another key feature of microbial communities associated with crops includes induced systemic tolerance and the production of free radical-scavenging enzymes. This review is focused on detailing the role of PGPR in assisting plants to adapt to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- School of Life Science and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sai Prakash Naroju
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, USA
| | - Neha Kumari
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Plant Biotechnology), Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivani Arsey
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Plant Biotechnology), Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Plant Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Near Gujarat International Finance Tec (GIFT)-City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Dilasha Fulchand Gubre
- Department of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhrajyoti Roychowdhury
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sachin Tyagi
- School of Life Science and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Saini
- School of Life Science and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Tan U, Gören HK. Comprehensive evaluation of drought stress on medicinal plants: a meta-analysis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17801. [PMID: 39056052 PMCID: PMC11271654 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress significantly affects plants by altering their physiological and biochemical processes, which can severely limit their growth and development. Similarly, drought has severe negative effects on medicinal plants, which are essential for healthcare. The effects are particularly significant in areas that rely mostly on traditional medicine, which might potentially jeopardize both global health and local economies. Understanding effects of droughts on medicinal plants is essential for developing strategies to enhance plant adaptability to drought stress, which is vital for sustaining agricultural productivity under changing climatic conditions. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted on 27 studies examining various parameters such as plant yield, chlorophyll content, relative water content, essential oil content, essential oil yield, non-enzymatic antioxidants, enzymatic antioxidants, phenols, flavonoids, and proline content. The analysis explored the effects of drought across different stress conditions (control, moderate, and severe) to gain deeper insights into the drought's impact. The categorization of these stress conditions was based on field or soil capacity: control (100-80%), moderate (80-50%), and severe (below 50%). This classification was guided by the authors' descriptions in their studies. According to meta-analysis results, enzymatic antioxidants emerge as the most responsive parameters to stress. Other parameters such as relative water content (RWC) and yield also exhibit considerable negative mean effect sizes under all three stress conditions. Therefore, when evaluating the impacts of drought stress on medicinal plants, it is beneficial to include these three parameters (enzymatic antioxidants, RWC, and yield) in an evaluation of drought stress. The chlorophyll content has been determined not to be a reliable indicator for measuring impact of drought stress. Also, measuring antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenols could be a better option than using radical scavenging methods like DPPH (2, 2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and ABTS (2, 2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Tan
- Field Crops, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye
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3
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Wang F, Jia M, Li K, Cui Y, An L, Sheng H. Sphingomonas sp. Hbc-6 alters Arabidopsis metabolites to improve plant growth and drought resistance by manipulating the microbiome. Microbiol Res 2024; 287:127852. [PMID: 39084119 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Drought significantly affects crop productivity and poses a considerable threat to agricultural ecosystems. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and plant microbiome play important roles in improving drought resistance and plant performance. However, the response of the rhizosphere microbiota to PGPB during the development of plants and the interaction between inoculum, microbiota, and plants under drought stress remain to be explored. In the present study, we used culturomic, microbiomic, and metabonomic analyses to uncover the mechanisms by which Sphingomonas sp. Hbc-6, a PGPB, promotes Arabidopsis growth and enhances drought resistance. We found that the rhizosphere microbiome assembly was interactively influenced by developmental stage, Hbc-6, and drought; the bacterial composition exhibited three patterns of shifts with developmental stage: resilience, increase, and decrease. Drought diminished microbial diversity and richness, whereas Hbc-6 increased microbial diversity and helped plants recruit specific beneficial bacterial taxa at each developmental stage, particularly during the bolting stage. Some microorganisms enriched by Hbc-6 had the potential to promote carbon and nitrogen cycling processes, and 86.79 % of the isolated strains exhibited PGP characteristics (for example Pseudomonas sp. TA9). They jointly regulated plant physiological metabolism (i.e., upregulated drought resistant-facilitating substances and reduced harmful substances), thereby stimulating the growth of Arabidopsis and increasing plant biomass under drought stress conditions. Collectively, these results indicate that Hbc-6 mediates plant growth and drought resistance by affecting the microbiome. The study thus provides novel insights and strain resources for drought-resistant, high-yielding crop cultivation and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yafang Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lizhe An
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Sheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Kim I, Woo H, Chhetri G, Park S, Seo T. A novel exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium, Pseudescherichia liriopis sp. nov. isolated from Liriope platyphylla, enhances the growth of Daucus carota subsp. sativus under drought and salinity stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1417639. [PMID: 39081520 PMCID: PMC11286387 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1417639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Biological and abiotic stresses in plant growth are associated with reduced crop yields. Therefore, improving plant stress resistance can be a crucial strategy to improve crop production. To overcome these problems, plant growth-promoting bacteria are emphasized as one of the alternative tools for sustainable agriculture. This study found a novel strain (L3T) of a plant growth-promoting bacterium in fermented Liriope platyphylla fruit. Strain L3T showed the ability to promote plant growth. The L3T strain promoted plant growth of D. carota subsp. sativus, increasing the length (increase rate compared to the control group, 36.98%), diameter (47.06%), and weight of carrots (81.5%), ultimately increasing the edible area. In addition, we confirmed that plant growth was improved even in situations that inhibited plant growth, such as salinity and drought stress. Strain L3T performed indole production, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation, all characteristics of a strain that promotes plant growth. Genome analysis revealed genes involved in the growth promotion effects of strain L3T. Additionally, the properties of exopolysaccharides were identified and characterized using FTIR, TGA, and UHPLC. Our results demonstrated that L3 isolated from fermented L. platyphylla fruit can be used to simultaneously alleviate drought and NaCl stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Taegun Seo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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5
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Chakraborty N, Das A, Pal S, Roy S, Sil SK, Adak MK, Hassanzamman M. Exploring Aluminum Tolerance Mechanisms in Plants with Reference to Rice and Arabidopsis: A Comprehensive Review of Genetic, Metabolic, and Physiological Adaptations in Acidic Soils. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1760. [PMID: 38999600 PMCID: PMC11243567 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) makes up a third of the Earth's crust and is a widespread toxic contaminant, particularly in acidic soils. It impacts crops at multiple levels, from cellular to whole plant systems. This review delves into Al's reactivity, including its cellular transport, involvement in oxidative redox reactions, and development of specific metabolites, as well as the influence of genes on the production of membrane channels and transporters, alongside its role in triggering senescence. It discusses the involvement of channel proteins in calcium influx, vacuolar proton pumping, the suppression of mitochondrial respiration, and the initiation of programmed cell death. At the cellular nucleus level, the effects of Al on gene regulation through alterations in nucleic acid modifications, such as methylation and histone acetylation, are examined. In addition, this review outlines the pathways of Al-induced metabolic disruption, specifically citric acid metabolism, the regulation of proton excretion, the induction of specific transcription factors, the modulation of Al-responsive proteins, changes in citrate and nucleotide glucose transporters, and overall metal detoxification pathways in tolerant genotypes. It also considers the expression of phenolic oxidases in response to oxidative stress, their regulatory feedback on mitochondrial cytochrome proteins, and their consequences on root development. Ultimately, this review focuses on the selective metabolic pathways that facilitate Al exclusion and tolerance, emphasizing compartmentalization, antioxidative defense mechanisms, and the control of programmed cell death to manage metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilakshi Chakraborty
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Abir Das
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayan Pal
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumita Roy
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Kumar Sil
- Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Malay Kumar Adak
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Mirza Hassanzamman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shar-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Mažylytė R, Kailiuvienė J, Mažonienė E, Orola L, Kaziūnienė J, Mažylytė K, Lastauskienė E, Gegeckas A. The Co-Inoculation Effect on Triticum aestivum Growth with Synthetic Microbial Communities (SynComs) and Their Potential in Agrobiotechnology. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1716. [PMID: 38931148 PMCID: PMC11207813 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The use of rhizospheric SynComs can be a new and sustainable strategy in the agrobiotechnology sector. The objective of this study was to create the most appropriate SynCom composition; examine the ability to dissolve natural rock phosphate (RP) from Morocco in liquid-modified NBRIP medium; determine organic acids, and phytohormones; and verify plant growth promoting and nutrition uptake effect in the pot experiments of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). A total of nine different microorganisms were isolated, which belonged to three different genera: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Streptomyces. Out of the 21 treatments tested, four SynComs had the best phosphate-dissolving properties: IJAK-27+44+91 (129.17 mg L-1), IIBEI-32+40 (90.95 µg mL-1), IIIDEG-45+41 (122.78 mg L-1), and IIIDEG-45+41+72 (120.78 mg L-1). We demonstrate that these SynComs are capable of producing lactic, acetic, gluconic, malic, oxalic, citric acids, and phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid, zeatin, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid. In pot experiments with winter wheat, we also demonstrated that the designed SynComs were able to effectively colonize the plant root rhizosphere and contributed to more abundant plant growth characteristics and nutrient uptake as uninoculated treatment or uninoculated treatment with superphosphate (NPK 0-19-0). The obtained results show that the SynCom compositions of IJAK-27+44+91, IIBEI-32+40, IIIDEG-45+41, and IIIDEG-45+41+72 can be considered as promising candidates for developing biofertilizers to facilitate P absorption and increase plant nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimonda Mažylytė
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (K.M.); (E.L.); (A.G.)
| | | | - Edita Mažonienė
- Roquette Amilina, LT-35101 Panevezys, Lithuania; (J.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Liana Orola
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Justina Kaziūnienė
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, LT-58344 Akademija, Lithuania;
| | - Kamilė Mažylytė
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (K.M.); (E.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Eglė Lastauskienė
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (K.M.); (E.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Audrius Gegeckas
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (K.M.); (E.L.); (A.G.)
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7
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Tamindžić G, Azizbekian S, Miljaković D, Ignjatov M, Nikolić Z, Budakov D, Vasiljević S, Grahovac M. Assessment of Various Nanoprimings for Boosting Pea Germination and Early Growth in Both Optimal and Drought-Stressed Environments. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1547. [PMID: 38891355 PMCID: PMC11174956 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
One of the main climate change-related variables limiting agricultural productivity that ultimately leads to food insecurity appears to be drought. With the use of a recently discovered nanopriming technology, seeds can endure various abiotic challenges. To improve seed quality and initial growth of 8-day-old field pea seedlings (cv. NS Junior) under optimal and artificial drought (PEG-induced) laboratory conditions, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of priming with three different nanomaterials: Nanoplant Ultra (Co, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, and Se), Nanoplant Ca-Si (Ca, Si, B, and Fe), and Nanoplant Sulfur (S). The findings indicate that nanopriming seed treatments have a positive impact on seed quality indicators, early plant growth, and drought resilience in field pea plants established in both optimal and drought-stressed conditions. Nevertheless, all treatments showed a positive effect, but their modes of action varied. Nanoplant Ultra proved to be the most effective under optimal conditions, whereas Nanoplant Ca-Si and Nanoplant Sulfur were the most efficient under drought stress. After a field evaluation, the examined comprehensive nanomaterials may be utilized as priming agents for pea seed priming to boost seed germination, initial plant growth, and crop productivity under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Tamindžić
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.M.); (M.I.); (Z.N.); (S.V.)
| | - Sergei Azizbekian
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Dragana Miljaković
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.M.); (M.I.); (Z.N.); (S.V.)
| | - Maja Ignjatov
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.M.); (M.I.); (Z.N.); (S.V.)
| | - Zorica Nikolić
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.M.); (M.I.); (Z.N.); (S.V.)
| | - Dragana Budakov
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Sanja Vasiljević
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.M.); (M.I.); (Z.N.); (S.V.)
| | - Mila Grahovac
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.B.); (M.G.)
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Akbari SI, Prismantoro D, Permadi N, Rossiana N, Miranti M, Mispan MS, Mohamed Z, Doni F. Bioprospecting the roles of Trichoderma in alleviating plants' drought tolerance: Principles, mechanisms of action, and prospects. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127665. [PMID: 38452552 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Drought-induced stress represents a significant challenge to agricultural production, exerting adverse effects on both plant growth and overall productivity. Therefore, the exploration of innovative long-term approaches for addressing drought stress within agriculture constitutes a crucial objective, given its vital role in enhancing food security. This article explores the potential use of Trichoderma, a well-known genus of plant growth-promoting fungi, to enhance plant tolerance to drought stress. Trichoderma species have shown remarkable potential for enhancing plant growth, inducing systemic resistance, and ameliorating the adverse impacts of drought stress on plants through the modulation of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. In conclusion, the exploitation of Trichoderma's potential as a sustainable solution to enhance plant drought tolerance is a promising avenue for addressing the challenges posed by the changing climate. The manifold advantages of Trichoderma in promoting plant growth and alleviating the effects of drought stress underscore their pivotal role in fostering sustainable agricultural practices and enhancing food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulistya Ika Akbari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Dedat Prismantoro
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nandang Permadi
- Doctorate Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia
| | - Nia Rossiana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Mia Miranti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Shakirin Mispan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Zulqarnain Mohamed
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Febri Doni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia.
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Eswaran SUD, Sundaram L, Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Sayyed RZ. Osmolyte-producing microbial biostimulants regulate the growth of Arachis hypogaea L. under drought stress. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:165. [PMID: 38745279 PMCID: PMC11094965 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, drought stress poses a significant threat to crop productivity. Improving the drought tolerance of crops with microbial biostimulants is a sustainable strategy to meet a growing population's demands. This research aimed to elucidate microbial biostimulants' (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) role in alleviating drought stress in oil-seed crops. In total, 15 bacterial isolates were selected for drought tolerance and screened for plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes like phosphate solubilization and production of indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and exopolysaccharide. This research describes two PGPR strains: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus AC06 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BA01. The present study demonstrated that these strains (AC06 and BA01) produced abundant osmolytes under osmotic stress, including proline (2.21 and 1.75 µg ml- 1), salicylic acid (18.59 and 14.21 µg ml- 1), trehalose (28.35 and 22.74 µg mg- 1 FW) and glycine betaine (11.35 and 7.74 mg g- 1) respectively. AC06 and BA01 strains were further evaluated for their multifunctional performance by inoculating in Arachis hypogaea L. (Groundnut) under mild and severe drought regimes (60 and 40% Field Capacity). Inoculation with microbial biostimulants displayed distinct osmotic-adjustment abilities of the groundnut, such as growth parameters, plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content, proline, and soluble sugar in respective to control during drought. On the other hand, plant sensitivity indexes such as electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were decreased as well as cooperatively conferred plant drought tolerance by induced alterations in stress indicators such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Thus, Acinetobacter sp. AC06 and Bacillus sp. BA01 can be considered as osmolyte producing microbial biostimulants to simultaneously induce osmotic tolerance and metabolic changes in groundnuts under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lalitha Sundaram
- Soil Biology and PGPR Lab, Department of Botany, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, India
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A Bukhari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Z Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal's S I Arts, G B Patel Science and STKV Sangh Commerce College, Shahada, 425409, India.
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Jangra A, Kumar K, Maikhuri S, Bhandari MS, Pandey S, Singh H, Barthwal S. Unveiling stress-adapted endophytic bacteria: Characterizing plant growth-promoting traits and assessing cross-inoculation effects on Populus deltoides under abiotic stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108610. [PMID: 38615447 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In the face of the formidable environmental challenges precipitated by the ongoing climate change, Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) are gaining widespread acknowledgement for their potential as biofertilizers, biocontrol agents, and microbial inoculants. However, a knowledge gap pertains to the ability of PGPB to improve stress tolerance in forestry species via cross-inoculation. To address this gap, the current investigation centres on PGPBs, namely, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Cronobacter muytjensii, and Priestia endophytica, selected from the phyllosphere of robust and healthy plants thriving in the face of stress-inducing conditions. These strains were selected based on their demonstrated adaptability to saline, arid, and nitrogen-deficient environments. The utilization of PGPB treatment resulted in an improvement of stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) in poplar plants exposed to both salt and drought stress. It also induced an increase in essential biochemical components such as proline (PRO), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These reactions were accompanied by a decrease in leaf malonaldehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL). Furthermore, the PGPB treatment demonstrated a notable enhancement in nutrient absorption, particularly nitrogen and carbon, achieved through the solubilization of nutrients. The estimation of canopy temperature via thermal imaging proved to be an efficient method for distinguishing stress reactions in poplar than conventional temperature recording techniques. In summation, the utilization of PGPB especially Cronobacter muytjensii in this study, yielded profound improvements in the stress tolerance of poplar plants, manifesting in reduced membrane lipid peroxidation, enhanced photosynthesis, and bolstered antioxidant capacity within the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Jangra
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Kishan Kumar
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Sandeep Maikhuri
- Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Maneesh S Bhandari
- Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 195, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Shailesh Pandey
- Forest Pathology Discipline, Division of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Hukum Singh
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Santan Barthwal
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
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Alshammari WB, Alshammery K, Lotfi S, Altamimi H, Alshammari A, Al-Harbi NA, Jakovljević D, Alharbi MH, Moustapha ME, Abd El-Moneim D, Abdelaal K. Improvement of morphophysiological and anatomical attributes of plants under abiotic stress conditions using plant growth-promoting bacteria and safety treatments. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17286. [PMID: 38708356 PMCID: PMC11067897 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity are the major abiotic stress factors negatively affecting the morphophysiological, biochemical, and anatomical characteristics of numerous plant species worldwide. The detrimental effects of these environmental factors can be seen in leaf and stem anatomical structures including the decrease in thickness of cell walls, palisade and spongy tissue, phloem and xylem tissue. Also, the disintegration of grana staking, and an increase in the size of mitochondria were observed under salinity and drought conditions. Drought and salt stresses can significantly decrease plant height, number of leaves and branches, leaf area, fresh and dry weight, or plant relative water content (RWC%) and concentration of photosynthetic pigments. On the other hand, stress-induced lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, electrolyte leakage (EL%), and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can increase under salinity and drought conditions. Antioxidant defense systems such as catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, ascorbic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid are essential components under drought and salt stresses to protect the plant organelles from oxidative damage caused by ROS. The application of safe and eco-friendly treatments is a very important strategy to overcome the adverse effects of drought and salinity on the growth characteristics and yield of plants. It is shown that treatments with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can improve morphoanatomical characteristics under salinity and drought stress. It is also shown that yeast extract, mannitol, proline, melatonin, silicon, chitosan, α-Tocopherols (vitamin E), and biochar alleviate the negative effects of drought and salinity stresses through the ROS scavenging resulting in the improvement of plant attributes and yield of the stressed plants. This review discusses the role of safety and eco-friendly treatments in alleviating the harmful effects of salinity and drought associated with the improvement of the anatomical, morphophysiological, and biochemical features in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kholoud Alshammery
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Lotfi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya Altamimi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dragana Jakovljević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragu-jevac, Serbia
| | - Mona Hajed Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Scince and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustapha Eid Moustapha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diaa Abd El-Moneim
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abdelaal
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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12
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Kulkova I, Wróbel B, Dobrzyński J. Serratia spp. as plant growth-promoting bacteria alleviating salinity, drought, and nutrient imbalance stresses. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342331. [PMID: 38562478 PMCID: PMC10982427 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In agricultural environments, plants are often exposed to abiotic stresses including temperature extremes, salt stress, drought, and heavy metal soil contamination, which leads to significant economic losses worldwide. Especially salt stress and drought pose serious challenges since they induce ionic toxicity, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress in plants. A potential solution can be the application of bacteria of the Serratia spp. known to promote plant growth under normal conditions Thus the mini-review aims to summarize the current knowledge on plant growth promotion by Serratia spp. (under the conditions of salinity stress, drought, and nutrient deficit) and highlight areas for development in the field. So far, it has been proven that Serratia spp. strains exhibit a variety of traits contributing to enhanced plant growth and stress tolerance, such as phytohormone production, ACC deaminase activity, nitrogen fixation, P and Zn solubilization, antioxidant properties improvement, and modulation of gene expression. Nevertheless, further research on Serratia spp. is needed, especially on two subjects: elucidating its mechanisms of action on plants at the molecular level and the effects of Serratia spp. on the indigenous soil and plant microbiota and, particularly, the rhizosphere. In both cases, it is advisable to use omics techniques to gain in-depth insights into the issues. Additionally, some strains of Serratia spp. may be phytopathogens, therefore studies to rule out this possibility are recommended prior to field trials. It is believed that by improving said knowledge the potential of Serratia spp. to stimulate plant growth will increase and strains from the genus will serve as an eco-friendly biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture more often.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Kulkova
- Institute of Technology and Life Science – National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
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13
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Law SR, Mathes F, Paten AM, Alexandre PA, Regmi R, Reid C, Safarchi A, Shaktivesh S, Wang Y, Wilson A, Rice SA, Gupta VVSR. Life at the borderlands: microbiomes of interfaces critical to One Health. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuae008. [PMID: 38425054 PMCID: PMC10977922 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbiomes are foundational components of the environment that provide essential services relating to food security, carbon sequestration, human health, and the overall well-being of ecosystems. Microbiota exert their effects primarily through complex interactions at interfaces with their plant, animal, and human hosts, as well as within the soil environment. This review aims to explore the ecological, evolutionary, and molecular processes governing the establishment and function of microbiome-host relationships, specifically at interfaces critical to One Health-a transdisciplinary framework that recognizes that the health outcomes of people, animals, plants, and the environment are tightly interconnected. Within the context of One Health, the core principles underpinning microbiome assembly will be discussed in detail, including biofilm formation, microbial recruitment strategies, mechanisms of microbial attachment, community succession, and the effect these processes have on host function and health. Finally, this review will catalogue recent advances in microbiology and microbial ecology methods that can be used to profile microbial interfaces, with particular attention to multi-omic, advanced imaging, and modelling approaches. These technologies are essential for delineating the general and specific principles governing microbiome assembly and functions, mapping microbial interconnectivity across varying spatial and temporal scales, and for the establishment of predictive frameworks that will guide the development of targeted microbiome-interventions to deliver One Health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Law
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Falko Mathes
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Environment, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia
| | - Amy M Paten
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Environment, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Pamela A Alexandre
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Roshan Regmi
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Cameron Reid
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Environment, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Azadeh Safarchi
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Shaktivesh Shaktivesh
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Data 61, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Yanan Wang
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia
| | - Annaleise Wilson
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia
| | - Scott A Rice
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture, and Food, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Vadakattu V S R Gupta
- CSIRO MOSH-Future Science Platform, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
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14
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Hathurusinghe SHK, Azizoglu U, Shin JH. Holistic Approaches to Plant Stress Alleviation: A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Organic Compounds and Beneficial Bacteria in Promoting Growth and Health. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:695. [PMID: 38475541 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Plants select microorganisms from the surrounding bulk soil, which act as a reservoir of microbial diversity and enrich a rhizosphere microbiome that helps in growth and stress alleviation. Plants use organic compounds that are released through root exudates to shape the rhizosphere microbiome. These organic compounds are of various spectrums and technically gear the interplay between plants and the microbial world. Although plants naturally produce organic compounds that influence the microbial world, numerous efforts have been made to boost the efficiency of the microbiome through the addition of organic compounds. Despite further crucial investigations, synergistic effects from organic compounds and beneficial bacteria combinations have been reported. In this review, we examine the relationship between organic compounds and beneficial bacteria in determining plant growth and biotic and abiotic stress alleviation. We investigate the molecular mechanism and biochemical responses of bacteria to organic compounds, and we discuss the plant growth modifications and stress alleviation done with the help of beneficial bacteria. We then exhibit the synergistic effects of both components to highlight future research directions to dwell on how microbial engineering and metagenomic approaches could be utilized to enhance the use of beneficial microbes and organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugur Azizoglu
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Safiye Cikrikcioglu Vocational College, Kayseri University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- NGS Core Facility, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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15
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Kumawat KC, Sharma P, Sirari A, Sharma B, Kumawat G, Nair RM, H B, Kunal. Co-existence of halo-tolerant Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterococcus hirae with multifunctional growth promoting traits to ameliorate salinity stress in Vigna radiata. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140953. [PMID: 38128739 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization has become a prominent obstacle in diverse arid and semi-arid region damaging agricultural productivity globally. From this perspective, present investigation was aimed to compare the potential compatible consortium of bio-inoculants for improving Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) attributes, anti-oxidative enzymes, grain yield and profitability of Vigna radiata in saline soil conditions. A total of 101 rhizobacterium isolated from salt affected regions of Punjab, India were screened for their ability to induce salt tolerance, multifunctional PGP traits and antagonistic activities. The 16S rRNA sequencing identified the strains LSMR-29 and LSMRS-7 as Pseudomonas flourescens and Enterococcus hirae, respectively. In-vitro compatible halo-tolerant dual inoculant (LSMR-29 + LSMRS-7) as bio-inoculants mitigated salt stress in Vigna radiata (spring mungbean) seedling with improved seed germination, biomass and salt tolerance index together with the presence of nifH, acds, pqq and ipdc gene under salinity stress as compared to single inoculants. Further, the potential of single and dual bio-inoculants were also exploited for PGP attributes in pot and field experiments. Results indicated that a significant improvement in chlorophyll content (2.03 fold), nodulation (1.24 fold), nodule biomass (1.23 fold) and leghemoglobin content (1.13 fold) with dual inoculant of LSMR-29 + LSMRS-7 over the LSMR-29 alone. The concentrations of macro & micronutrients, proline, soil enzyme activities i.e. soil dehydrogenase, acid & alkaline phosphatases and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase also found to be high for LSMR-29 + LSMRS-7 as compared to un-inoculated control. The high grain yield thereby leading to Benefit: Cost (B: C) ratio at field scale was indicative of the commercial use bio-inoculants under salt affected Vigna radiata (spring mungbean) to improvement of productivity and soil health. The current finding reveals a co-inoculation of halo-tolerating Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterococcus hirae containing ACC deaminase could prove to be novel approach for inducing salt tolerance and improving productivity of Vigna radiata (spring mungbean).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Chand Kumawat
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141001, Punjab, India; Department of Industrial Microbiology, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bio-engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Asmita Sirari
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Barkha Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263153, India
| | - Gayatri Kumawat
- Livestock Feed Resource Management and Technology Centre, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, 334001, India
| | - R M Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bindumadhava H
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kunal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram, 122505, Haryana, India
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16
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Seliem MK, Taha NA, El-Feky NI, Abdelaal K, El-Ramady H, El-Mahrouk ME, Bayoumi YA. Evaluation of Five Chrysanthemum morifolium Cultivars against Leaf Blight Disease Caused by Alternaria alternata at Rooting and Seedling Growth Stages. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 38256805 PMCID: PMC10820434 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
During the winter of 2018, leaf blight on florist's daisy (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) was noticed in Egypt. The disease, which was identified as caused by Alternaria alternata, was widely spread and led to serious damage for the exportation sector of this crop. Therefore, a study was conducted to better understand what can be conducted to minimize the problem in the future. Isolates were gathered and evaluated on five chrysanthemum cultivars (i.e., 'Feeling Green Dark', 'Talitha', 'Chrystal Regan', 'Arctic queen', and 'Podolsk Purple') grown in a greenhouse. The objectives were to isolate and identify the phytopathogen and detect the resistant degree of these cultivars with emphasis on the early growth stages of the crop. The results showed that 'Podolsk Purple' was the most resistant cultivar against the different isolates during the rooting and seedling growth stages. 'Chrystal Regan' was very susceptible to the different isolates. In addition, the isolate from 'Feeling Green Dark' was the strongest, which negatively affected the chlorophyll content and its fluorescence parameters besides other measured vegetative and anatomical features. The findings indicated that the best anatomical characters of the stem and leaf, like the thickness of cuticle and cortex, stem diameter, xylem vessel diameter, and thickness of epidermis as well as lamina thickness were recorded in the 'Podolsk Purple' cultivar. This study highlighted that by using the right cultivars, chrysanthemum can be cultivated during the winter season under Egyptian conditions. These results can be a part of solution to overcome the leaf blight caused by A. alternata on chrysanthemum during the early growing stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada K. Seliem
- Ornamental and Floriculture Department, Horticulture Research Institute, El-Sabahia, Alexandria 21599, Egypt;
| | - Naglaa A. Taha
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (N.A.T.); (N.I.E.-F.)
| | - Nahla I. El-Feky
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (N.A.T.); (N.I.E.-F.)
| | - Khaled Abdelaal
- EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Hassan El-Ramady
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed E. El-Mahrouk
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Yousry A. Bayoumi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
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17
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Santander C, González F, Pérez U, Ruiz A, Aroca R, Santos C, Cornejo P, Vidal G. Enhancing Water Status and Nutrient Uptake in Drought-Stressed Lettuce Plants ( Lactuca sativa L.) via Inoculation with Different Bacillus spp. Isolated from the Atacama Desert. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:158. [PMID: 38256712 PMCID: PMC10818642 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major challenge for agriculture worldwide, being one of the main causes of losses in plant production. Various studies reported that some soil's bacteria can improve plant tolerance to environmental stresses by the enhancement of water and nutrient uptake by plants. The Atacama Desert in Chile, the driest place on earth, harbors a largely unexplored microbial richness. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of various Bacillus sp. from the hyper arid Atacama Desert in the improvement in tolerance to drought stress in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata, cv. "Super Milanesa") plants. Seven strains of Bacillus spp. were isolated from the rhizosphere of the Chilean endemic plants Metharme lanata and Nolana jaffuelii, and then identified using the 16s rRNA gene. Indole acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity were assessed. Lettuce plants were inoculated with Bacillus spp. strains and subjected to two different irrigation conditions (95% and 45% of field capacity) and their biomass, net photosynthesis, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, oxidative damage, proline production, and phenolic compounds were evaluated. The results indicated that plants inoculated with B. atrophaeus, B. ginsengihumi, and B. tequilensis demonstrated the highest growth under drought conditions compared to non-inoculated plants. Treatments increased biomass production and were strongly associated with enhanced N-uptake, water status, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic activity. Our results show that specific Bacillus species from the Atacama Desert enhance drought stress tolerance in lettuce plants by promoting several beneficial plant traits that facilitate water absorption and nutrient uptake, which support the use of this unexplored and unexploited natural resource as potent bioinoculants to improve plant production under increasing drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Santander
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (C.S.); (F.G.); (U.P.); (A.R.); (C.S.)
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070411, Chile
| | - Felipe González
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (C.S.); (F.G.); (U.P.); (A.R.); (C.S.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Urley Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (C.S.); (F.G.); (U.P.); (A.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Antonieta Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (C.S.); (F.G.); (U.P.); (A.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y la Planta, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain;
| | - Cledir Santos
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (C.S.); (F.G.); (U.P.); (A.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile
- Centro Regional de Investigación e Innovación para la Sostenibilidad de la Agricultura y los Territorios Rurales, CERES, La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Gladys Vidal
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070411, Chile
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18
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Balasjin NM, Maki JS, Schläppi MR. Pseudomonas mosselii improves cold tolerance of Asian rice ( Oryza sativa L.) in a genotype-dependent manner by increasing proline in japonica and reduced glutathione in indica varieties. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:15-31. [PMID: 37699259 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is an important factor limiting rice production and distribution. Identifying factors that contribute to cold tolerance in rice is of primary importance. While some plant specific genetic factors involved in cold tolerance have been identified, the role of the rice microbiome remains unexplored. In this study, we evaluated the influence of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) with the ability of phosphate solubilization on rice cold tolerance and survival. To reach this goal, inoculated and uninoculated 2-week-old seedlings were cold stressed and evaluated for survival and other phenotypes such as electrolyte leakage (EL) and necessary elements for cold tolerance. The results of this study showed that of the five bacteria, Pseudomonas mosselii, improved both indica and japonica varietal plants' survival and decreased EL, indicating increased membrane integrity. We observed different possible cold tolerance mechanisms in japonica and indica plants such as increases in proline and reduced glutathione levels, respectively. This bacterium also improved the shoot growth of cold exposed indica plants during the recovery period. This study confirmed the host genotype dependent activity of P. mosselii and indicated that there is an interaction between specific plant genes and bacterial genes that causes different plant responses to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James S Maki
- Marquette University, Biological Sciences Department, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael R Schläppi
- Marquette University, Biological Sciences Department, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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19
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Garai S, Bhowal B, Gupta M, Sopory SK, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A, Kaur C. Role of methylglyoxal and redox homeostasis in microbe-mediated stress mitigation in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 338:111922. [PMID: 37952767 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the general consequences of stress in plants is the accumulation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and carbonyl species (like methylglyoxal) to levels that are detrimental for plant growth. These reactive species are inherently produced in all organisms and serve different physiological functions but their excessive accumulation results in cellular toxicity. It is, therefore, essential to restore equilibrium between their synthesis and breakdown to ensure normal cellular functioning. Detoxification mechanisms that scavenge these reactive species are considered important for stress mitigation as they maintain redox balance by restricting the levels of ROS, methylglyoxal and other reactive species in the cellular milieu. Stress tolerance imparted to plants by root-associated microbes involves a multitude of mechanisms, including maintenance of redox homeostasis. By improving the overall antioxidant response in plants, microbes can strengthen defense pathways and hence, the adaptive abilities of plants to sustain growth under stress. Hence, through this review we wish to highlight the contribution of root microbiota in modulating the levels of reactive species and thereby, maintaining redox homeostasis in plants as one of the important mechanisms of stress alleviation. Further, we also examine the microbial mechanisms of resistance to oxidative stress and their role in combating plant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Garai
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Bidisha Bhowal
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Mayank Gupta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir K Sopory
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Charanpreet Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
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20
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Kausar A, Zahra N, Zahra H, Hafeez MB, Zafer S, Shahzadi A, Raza A, Djalovic I, Prasad PVV. Alleviation of drought stress through foliar application of thiamine in two varieties of pea ( Pisum sativum L.). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2186045. [PMID: 37016728 PMCID: PMC10012936 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2186045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress poorly impacts many morphological and physio-biochemical processes in plants. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants are highly nutritious crops destined for human consumption; however, their productivity is threatened under drought stress. Thiamine (vitamin B1) is well-known essential micronutrient, acting as a cofactor in key metabolic processes. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the protective effect of foliar application of thiamine (0, 250, and 500 ppm) on two varieties of pea plants under drought stress. Here, we conducted the pot experiment at the Government College Women University, Faisalabad, to investigate the physio-biochemical and morphological traits of two pea varieties (sarsabz and metior) grown under drought stress and thiamine treatment. Drought stress was applied to plants after germination period of 1 month. Results showed that root fresh and dry weight, shoot fresh and dry weight, number of pods, leaf area, total soluble sugars, total phenolics, total protein contents, catalase, peroxidase, and mineral ions were reduced against drought stress. However, the application of thiamine (both 250 and 500 ppm) overcome the stress and also enhances these parameters, and significantly increases the antioxidant activities (catalase and peroxidase). Moreover, the performance of sarsabz was better under control and drought stress conditions than metior variety. In conclusion, the exogenous application of thiamine enabled the plants to withstand drought stress conditions by regulating several physiological and biochemical mechanisms. In agriculture, it is a great latent to alleviate the antagonistic impact of drought stress on crops through the foliar application of thiamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Kausar
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Zahra
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sara Zafer
- Department of Botany, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abida Shahzadi
- Department of Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - PV Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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21
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Yung WS, Huang C, Li MW, Lam HM. Changes in epigenetic features in legumes under abiotic stresses. THE PLANT GENOME 2023; 16:e20237. [PMID: 35730915 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Legume crops are rich in nutritional value for human and livestock consumption. With global climate change, developing stress-resilient crops is crucial for ensuring global food security. Because of their nitrogen-fixing ability, legumes are also important for sustainable agriculture. Various abiotic stresses, such as salt, drought, and elevated temperatures, are known to adversely affect legume production. The responses of plants to abiotic stresses involve complicated cellular processes including stress hormone signaling, metabolic adjustments, and transcriptional regulations. Epigenetic mechanisms play a key role in regulating gene expressions at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Increasing evidence suggests the importance of epigenetic regulations of abiotic stress responses in legumes, and recent investigations have extended the scope to the epigenomic level using next-generation sequencing technologies. In this review, the current knowledge on the involvement of epigenetic features, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs, in abiotic stress responses in legumes is summarized and discussed. Since most of the available information focuses on a single aspect of these epigenetic features, integrative analyses involving omics data in multiple layers are needed for a better understanding of the dynamic chromatin statuses and their roles in transcriptional regulation. The inheritability of epigenetic modifications should also be assessed in future studies for their applications in improving stress tolerance in legumes through the stable epigenetic optimization of gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Shing Yung
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural Univ., Changsha, 410128, P.R. China
| | - Man-Wah Li
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
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22
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Behzadi Y, Salehi A, Dehnavi MM, Balouchi H. Improvement of biochemical and antioxidant responses of borage ( Borago officinalis L.) under drought stress conditions with the use of vermicompost and zinc sulfate. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1881-1896. [PMID: 38222282 PMCID: PMC10784244 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Drought poses a significant threat to crop production systems. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of vermicompost and foliar application of zinc sulfate under conditions of reduced irrigation on the physiological properties of Borage. A two-year experiment was conducted following a split factorial design within a randomized complete block design with three replications at Yasouj University Research Station in 2017 and 2018. The primary factor involved three levels of irrigation cut-off (I1: full irrigation, I2: irrigation cut-off at the flowering stage, and I3: irrigation cut-off during the seed-filling stage). The sub-factor included vermicompost fertilizer at three different levels (N0: control, N1: 5 ton ha-1, and N2: 10 ton ha-1), and foliar application of zinc sulfate at three levels (Z0: control, Z1: 2 and Z2: 4 mg l-1). During the flowering stage stress, foliar application of 4 mg l-1 of zinc sulfate resulted in an increased chlorophyll a + b content in plants (2.91 mg g-1 FW), while the control showed the lowest amount (2.56 mg g-1 FW). Vermicompost supplementation improved chlorophyll a + b content during the seed-filling stage under conditions of irrigation cut-off. The results indicated that an increase in vermicompost fertilizer application led to an elevation in relative water content (RWC), with the highest RWC (79.2%) achieved when 10 ton ha-1 of vermicompost was applied. Irrigation cut-off during the seed-filling stage resulted in increased electrolyte leakage and higher fertilizer usage, thus reducing cell damage. Furthermore, the findings revealed that applying 2 and 4 mg l-1 zinc sulfate reduced malondialdehyde content by 5% and 9%, respectively. The catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities demonstrated an increased response to stress mitigation treatments. However, their activities decreased as vermicompost and zinc sulfate levels increased. The study demonstrated that the highest biomass was obtained when 10 ton ha-1 of vermicompost and 2 mg l-1 of zinc sulfate were applied. The flowering stage of the plant exhibited the most significant negative impact under stress conditions. Nonetheless, using vermicompost and zinc sulfate, particularly during the seed-filling phase, alleviated the adverse effects of drought stress. In conclusion, our findings indicate that, although drought stress resulted in increased electrolyte leakage due to elevated free radical production, vermicompost, and zinc sulfate played a role in reducing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaghoub Behzadi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Balouchi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
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23
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Shalaby M, Elbagory M, EL-Khateeb N, Mehesen A, EL-Sheshtawy O, Elsakhawy T, Omara AED. Potential Impacts of Certain N 2-Fixing Bacterial Strains and Mineral N Doses for Enhancing the Growth and Productivity of Maize Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3830. [PMID: 38005727 PMCID: PMC10675558 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The enhancing effect of N2-fixing bacterial strains in the presence of mineral N doses on maize plants in pots and field trials was investigated. The OT-H1 of 10 isolates maintained the total nitrogen, nitrogenase activities, IAA production, and detection of NH3 in their cultures. In addition, they highly promoted the germination of maize grains in plastic bags compared to the remainder. Therefore, OT-H1 was subjected for identification and selected for further tests. Based on their morphological, cultural, and biochemical traits, they belonged to the genera Azotobacter. The genomic sequences of 16S rRNA were, thus, used to confirm the identification of the genera. Accordingly, the indexes of tree and similarity for the related bacterial species indicated that genera were exactly closely linked to Azotoacter salinestris strain OR512393. In pot (35 days) and field (120 days) trials, the efficiencies of both A. salinestris and Azospirillum oryzea SWERI 111 (sole/dual) with 100, 75, 50, and 25% mineral N doses were evaluated with completely randomized experimental design and three repetitions. Results indicated that N2-fixing bacteria in the presence of mineral N treatment showed pronounced effects compared to controls. A high value of maize plants was also noticed through increasing the concentration of mineral N and peaked at a dose of 100%. Differences among N2-fixing bacteria were insignificant and were observed for A. oryzea with different mineral N doses. Thus, the utilization of A. oryzea and A. salinestris in their dual mix in the presence of 75 followed by 50% mineral N was found to be the superior treatments, causing the enhancement of vegetative growth and grain yield parameters of maize plants. Additionally, proline and the enzyme activities of both polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (PO) of maize leaves were induced, and high protein contents of maize grains were accumulated due to the superior treatments. The utilization of such N2-fixing bacteria was, therefore, found to be effective at improving soil fertility and to be an environmentally safe strategy instead, or at least with low doses, of chemical fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Shalaby
- Agricultural Botany Department, (Agricultural Microbiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (N.E.-K.); (O.E.-S.)
| | - Mohssen Elbagory
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail 61321, Assir, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nagwa EL-Khateeb
- Agricultural Botany Department, (Agricultural Microbiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (N.E.-K.); (O.E.-S.)
| | - Ahlam Mehesen
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt; (A.M.); (T.E.)
| | - Omaima EL-Sheshtawy
- Agricultural Botany Department, (Agricultural Microbiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (N.E.-K.); (O.E.-S.)
| | - Tamer Elsakhawy
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt; (A.M.); (T.E.)
| | - Alaa El-Dein Omara
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt; (A.M.); (T.E.)
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Wang Y, Hu C, Wang X, Shi G, Lei Z, Tang Y, Zhang H, Wuriyanghan H, Zhao X. Selenium-induced rhizosphere microorganisms endow salt-sensitive soybeans with salt tolerance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116827. [PMID: 37544471 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a prevalent abiotic stress that adversely affects soybean production. Rhizosphere microorganisms have been shown to modulate the rhizosphere microenvironment of plants, leading to improved stress resistance. Selenium is known to optimize the rhizosphere microbial community, however, it remains uncertain whether selenium-induced rhizosphere microorganisms can enhance plant salt tolerance. In this study, we selected two soybean varieties, including salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive, and conducted pot experiments to explore the impact of selenium application on the structure and composition of the rhizosphere microbial community of soybean plants under salt stress. Four salt-tolerant bacteria from salt-tolerant soybean rhizosphere soil fertilized with selenium under salt stress were isolated, and their effects on improving salt tolerance in salt-sensitive soybean were also investigated. Our results showed that selenium application enhanced soybean salt tolerance by optimizing the structure of the plant rhizosphere microbial community and improving soil enzyme activities in both salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive varieties. Moreover, compared with salt-only treatment, inoculation of the four bacteria led to a significant increase in the plant height (7.2%-19.8%), aboveground fresh weight (57.3%-73.5%), SPAD value (8.4%-30.3%), and K+ content (4.5%-12.1%) of salt-sensitive soybean, while reducing the content of proline (84.5%-94%), MDA (26.5%-49.3%), and Na+ (7.1%-21.3%). High-throughput sequencing of the 16 S ribosomal RNA gene indicated that the four bacteria played a crucial role in changing the community structure of salt-sensitive soybean and mitigating the effects of salt stress. This study highlighted the importance of selenium combined with beneficial microorganisms in the plant rhizosphere in alleviating salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology (Inner Mongolia University), Ministry of Education, 49 Xilinguole Road, Hohhot, 010020, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guangyu Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zheng Lei
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanni Tang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hada Wuriyanghan
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology (Inner Mongolia University), Ministry of Education, 49 Xilinguole Road, Hohhot, 010020, China.
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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25
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Anand U, Pal T, Yadav N, Singh VK, Tripathi V, Choudhary KK, Shukla AK, Sunita K, Kumar A, Bontempi E, Ma Y, Kolton M, Singh AK. Current Scenario and Future Prospects of Endophytic Microbes: Promising Candidates for Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management for Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:1455-1486. [PMID: 36917283 PMCID: PMC10497456 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic microbes such as bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi inhabit ubiquitously within the tissues of all plant species without causing any harm or disease. Endophytes form symbiotic relationships with diverse plant species and can regulate numerous host functions, including resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, growth and development, and stimulating immune systems. Moreover, plant endophytes play a dominant role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, and bioremediation, and are widely used in many industries. Endophytes have a stronger predisposition for enhancing mineral and metal solubility by cells through the secretion of organic acids with low molecular weight and metal-specific ligands (such as siderophores) that alter soil pH and boost binding activity. Finally, endophytes synthesize various bioactive compounds with high competence that are promising candidates for new drugs, antibiotics, and medicines. Bioprospecting of endophytic novel secondary metabolites has given momentum to sustainable agriculture for combating environmental stresses. Biotechnological interventions with the aid of endophytes played a pivotal role in crop improvement to mitigate biotic and abiotic stress conditions like drought, salinity, xenobiotic compounds, and heavy metals. Identification of putative genes from endophytes conferring resistance and tolerance to crop diseases, apart from those involved in the accumulation and degradation of contaminants, could open new avenues in agricultural research and development. Furthermore, a detailed molecular and biochemical understanding of endophyte entry and colonization strategy in the host would better help in manipulating crop productivity under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, the present review highlights current research trends based on the SCOPUS database, potential biotechnological interventions of endophytic microorganisms in combating environmental stresses influencing crop productivity, future opportunities of endophytes in improving plant stress tolerance, and their contribution to sustainable remediation of hazardous environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
| | - Tarun Pal
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Niraj Yadav
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Shukla
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumari Sunita
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273009, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 15159, 7505101, Rishon, Lezion, Israel
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Ying Ma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Max Kolton
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Amit Kishore Singh
- Department of Botany, Bhagalpur National College (A constituent unit of Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University), Bhagalpur, 812007, Bihar, India.
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Wang YL, Zhang HB. Assembly and Function of Seed Endophytes in Response to Environmental Stress. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1119-1129. [PMID: 37311706 PMCID: PMC10580892 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2303.03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seeds are colonized by diverse microorganisms that can improve the growth and stress resistance of host plants. Although understanding the mechanisms of plant endophyte-host plant interactions is increasing, much of this knowledge does not come from seed endophytes, particularly under environmental stress that the plant host grows to face, including biotic (e.g., pathogens, herbivores and insects) and abiotic factors (e.g., drought, heavy metals and salt). In this article, we first provided a framework for the assembly and function of seed endophytes and discussed the sources and assembly process of seed endophytes. Following that, we reviewed the impact of environmental factors on the assembly of seed endophytes. Lastly, we explored recent advances in the growth promotion and stress resistance enhancement of plants, functioning by seed endophytes under various biotic and abiotic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
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27
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Al-Turki A, Murali M, Omar AF, Rehan M, Sayyed R. Recent advances in PGPR-mediated resilience toward interactive effects of drought and salt stress in plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1214845. [PMID: 37829451 PMCID: PMC10565232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1214845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present crisis at hand revolves around the need to enhance plant resilience to various environmental stresses, including abiotic and biotic stresses, to ensure sustainable agriculture and mitigate the impact of climate change on crop production. One such promising approach is the utilization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to mediate plant resilience to these stresses. Plants are constantly exposed to various stress factors, such as drought, salinity, pathogens, and nutrient deficiencies, which can significantly reduce crop yield and quality. The PGPR are beneficial microbes that reside in the rhizosphere of plants and have been shown to positively influence plant growth and stress tolerance through various mechanisms, including nutrient solubilization, phytohormone production, and induction of systemic resistance. The review comprehensively examines the various mechanisms through which PGPR promotes plant resilience, including nutrient acquisition, hormonal regulation, and defense induction, focusing on recent research findings. The advancements made in the field of PGPR-mediated resilience through multi-omics approaches (viz., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) to unravel the intricate interactions between PGPR and plants have been discussed including their molecular pathways involved in stress tolerance. Besides, the review also emphasizes the importance of continued research and implementation of PGPR-based strategies to address the pressing challenges facing global food security including commercialization of PGPR-based bio-formulations for sustainable agricultural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al-Turki
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Murali
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Ayman F. Omar
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Pathology, and Biotechnology Lab. and EPCRS Excellence Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Medhat Rehan
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetics, College of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - R.Z. Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science and STKV Sangh Commerce College, Shahada, India
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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28
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Turan M, Ekinci M, Argin S, Brinza M, Yildirim E. Drought stress amelioration in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings by biostimulant as regenerative agent. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1211210. [PMID: 37662171 PMCID: PMC10469020 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1211210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Drought adversely affects many physiological and biochemical events of crops. This research was conducted to investigate the possible effects of biostimulants containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant growth parameters, chlorophyll content, membrane permeability (MP), leaf relative water content (LRWC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), hormone content, and antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) activity of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings under different irrigation levels. This study was carried out under controlled greenhouse conditions with two irrigation levels (D0: 100% of field capacity and D1: 50% of field capacity) and three biostimulant doses (B0: 0, B1: 4 L ha-1, and B2: 6 L ha-1). The results of the study show that drought stress negatively influenced the growth and physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings while biostimulant applications ameliorated these parameters. Water deficit conditions (50% of field capacity) caused decrease in indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA), cytokine, zeatin, and jasmonic acid content of tomato seedlings by ratios of 83%, 93%, 82%, 89%, 50%, and 57%, respectively, and shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area decreased by 43%, 19%, 39%, 29%, 20%, 18%, and 50%, respectively, compared to the control (B0D0). In addition, 21%, 16%, 21%, and 17% reductions occurred in LRWC, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll contents with drought compared to the control, respectively. Biostimulant applications restored the plant growth, and the most effective dose was 4 L ha-1 under drought condition. Amendment of biostimulant into the soil also enhanced organic matter and the total N, P, Ca, and Cu content of the experiment soil. In conclusion, 4 L ha-1 biostimulant amendment might be a promising approach to mitigate the adverse effects of drought stress on tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Turan
- Department of Agricultural Trade and Management, Faculty of Economy and Administrative Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Melek Ekinci
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Sanem Argin
- Department of Agricultural Trade and Management, Faculty of Economy and Administrative Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Ertan Yildirim
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
- Atatürk University Plant Production Application and Research Center, Erzurum, Türkiye
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Peng M, Jiang Z, Zhou F, Wang Z. From salty to thriving: plant growth promoting bacteria as nature's allies in overcoming salinity stress in plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1169809. [PMID: 37426022 PMCID: PMC10327291 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1169809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the main problems that affects global crop yield. Researchers have attempted to alleviate the effects of salt stress on plant growth using a variety of approaches, including genetic modification of salt-tolerant plants, screening the higher salt-tolerant genotypes, and the inoculation of beneficial plant microbiome, such as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). PGPB mainly exists in the rhizosphere soil, plant tissues and on the surfaces of leaves or stems, and can promote plant growth and increase plant tolerance to abiotic stress. Many halophytes recruit salt-resistant microorganisms, and therefore endophytic bacteria isolated from halophytes can help enhance plant stress responses. Beneficial plant-microbe interactions are widespread in nature, and microbial communities provide an opportunity to understand these beneficial interactions. In this study, we provide a brief overview of the current state of plant microbiomes and give particular emphasis on its influence factors and discuss various mechanisms used by PGPB in alleviating salt stress for plants. Then, we also describe the relationship between bacterial Type VI secretion system and plant growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Fangzhen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
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Najafi Zilaie M, Mosleh Arani A, Etesami H. Evaluation of air pollution (dust) tolerance index of three desert species Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum, and Nitraria schoberi under salinity stress. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:838. [PMID: 37310472 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dust causes adverse effects on the physiological and biochemical properties of plants, and under soil salinity conditions, these effects seem to be intensified, which limits their use in the development of the green belt around or within cities. In the research, the effect of salt (0, 30, and 60 dS m-1) on air pollution (dust, 0 and 1.5 g m-2 30 days-1) tolerance index (APTI), peroxidase activity, and protein content of three desert species Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Haloxylon aphyllum, and Nitraria schoberi was investigated. The results indicated that the use of dust alone did not change the concentration of total chlorophyll in H. aphyllum, while it decreased the concentration of total chlorophyll by 18% in N. schoberi and 21% in S. rosmarinus. Under salt stress conditions, before and after applying dust, the concentration of total chlorophyll decreased in S. rosmarinus and N. schoberi plants, but there was no change in H. aphyllum. The amount of ascorbic acid, peroxide activity, and pH increased significantly with increasing salinity level before and after applying dust. Applying dust alone increased pH value only in N. schoberi and the amount of ascorbic acid and peroxidase in all three plants. Applying dust alone reduced relative water content and APTI only in N. schoberi plant and the amount of protein in all three plants. At salinity level of 60 dS m-1 and with application of dust treatment, APTI was decreased by 10, 15, and 9% compared to its control before application of dust, respectively, in H. aphyllum, N. schoberi, and S. rosmarinus plants. Therefore, it was found that N. schoberi, which may be used as a bioindicator of air quality, has a lower APTI than S. rosmarinus and H. aphyllum, which may be served as suitable sinks to survive the air pollution (the development of a design on green belt around or within the city), under conditions of simultaneous application of dust and salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Najafi Zilaie
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Etesami
- Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Krstić Tomić T, Atanasković I, Nikolić I, Joković N, Stević T, Stanković S, Berić T, Lozo J. Culture-Dependent and Metabarcoding Characterization of the Sugar Beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) Microbiome for High-Yield Isolation of Bacteria with Plant Growth-Promoting Traits. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1538. [PMID: 37375040 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The diversity of plant-associated bacteria is vast and can be determined by 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Fewer of them have plant-beneficial properties. To harness their benefits for plants, we must isolate them. This study aimed to check whether 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding has predictive power in identifying the majority of known bacteria with plant-beneficial traits that can be isolated from the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) microbiome. Rhizosphere and phyllosphere samples collected during one season at different stages of plant development were analyzed. Bacteria were isolated on rich unselective media and plant-based media enriched with sugar beet leaves or rhizosphere extracts. The isolates were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and tested in vitro for their plant-beneficial properties (stimulation of germination; exopolysaccharide, siderophore, and HCN production; phosphate solubilization; and activity against sugar beet pathogens). The highest number of co-occurring beneficial traits was eight, found in isolates of five species: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Bacillus australimaris, B. pumilus, Enterobacter ludwiigi, and Pantoea ananatis. These species were not detected by metabarcoding and have not previously been described as plant-beneficial inhabitants of sugar beets. Thus, our findings point out the necessity of a culture-dependent microbiome analysis and advocate for low-nutrient plant-based media for high-yield isolation of plant-beneficial taxa with multiple beneficial traits. A culture-dependent and -independent approach is required for community diversity assessment. Still, isolation on plant-based media is the best approach to select isolates for potential use as biofertilizers and biopesticides in sugar beet cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iva Atanasković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Centre for Biological Control and Plant, Growth Promotion, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Nikolić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Centre for Biological Control and Plant, Growth Promotion, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Joković
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Stević
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research "Dr. Josif Pančić", 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slaviša Stanković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Centre for Biological Control and Plant, Growth Promotion, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Berić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Centre for Biological Control and Plant, Growth Promotion, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lozo
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Centre for Biological Control and Plant, Growth Promotion, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Mishra D, Chitara MK, Upadhayay VK, Singh JP, Chaturvedi P. Plant growth promoting potential of urea doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles in finger millet ( Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) under drought stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1137002. [PMID: 37255562 PMCID: PMC10225717 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1137002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a leading threat that impinges on plant growth and productivity. Nanotechnology is considered an adequate tool for resolving various environmental issues by offering avant-garde and pragmatic solutions. Using nutrients in the nano-scale including CaP-U NPs is a novel fertilization strategy for crops. The present study was conducted to develop and utilize environment-friendly urea nanoparticles (NPs) based nano-fertilizers as a crop nutrient. The high solubility of urea molecules was controlled by integrating them with a matrix of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP NPs). CaP NPs contain high phosphorous and outstanding biocompatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were used to characterize the fabricated NPs. FE-SEM determined no areas of phase separation in urea and calcium phosphate, indicating the successful formation of an encapsulated nanocomposite between the two nano matrices. TEM examination confirmed a fiber-like structure of CaP-U NPs with 15 to 50 nm diameter and 100 to 200 nm length. The synthesized CaP-U NPs and bulk urea (0.0, 0.1% and 0.5%) were applied by foliar sprays at an interval of 15 days on pre-sowed VL-379 variety of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.), under irrigated and drought conditions. The application of the CaP-U NPs significantly enhanced different plant growth attributes such as shoot length (29.4 & 41%), root length (46.4 & 51%), shoot fresh (33.6 & 55.8%) and dry weight (63 & 59.1%), and root fresh (57 & 61%) and dry weight (78 & 80.7%), improved pigment system (chlorophyll) and activated plant defense enzymes such as proline (35.4%), superoxide dismutase (47.7%), guaiacol peroxidase (30.2%), ascorbate peroxidase (70%) under both irrigated and drought conditions. Superimposition of five treatment combinations on drought suggested that CaP-U NPs at 0.5 followed by 0.1% provided the highest growth indices and defense-related enzymes, which were significantly different. Overall, our findings suggested that synthesized CaP-U NPs treatment of finger millet seeds improved plant growth and enzymatic regulation, particularly more in drought conditions providing insight into the strategy for not only finger millet but probably for other commercial cereals crops which suffer from fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (U.K.), India
| | - Manoj Kumar Chitara
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Viabhav Kumar Upadhayay
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Jagat Pal Singh
- Department of Physics, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (U.K.), India
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Yang P, Zhao L, Gao YG, Xia Y. Detection, Diagnosis, and Preventive Management of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091765. [PMID: 37176823 PMCID: PMC10181079 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant diseases caused by the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae are serious problems for various plant species worldwide. Accurate detection and diagnosis of P. syringae infections are critical for the effective management of these plant diseases. In this review, we summarize the current methods for the detection and diagnosis of P. syringae, including traditional techniques such as culture isolation and microscopy, and relatively newer techniques such as PCR and ELISA. It should be noted that each method has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of each method depends on the specific requirements, resources of each laboratory, and field settings. We also discuss the future trends in this field, such as the need for more sensitive and specific methods to detect the pathogens at low concentrations and the methods that can be used to diagnose P. syringae infections that are co-existing with other pathogens. Modern technologies such as genomics and proteomics could lead to the development of new methods of highly accurate detection and diagnosis based on the analysis of genetic and protein markers of the pathogens. Furthermore, using machine learning algorithms to analyze large data sets could yield new insights into the biology of P. syringae and novel diagnostic strategies. This review could enhance our understanding of P. syringae and help foster the development of more effective management techniques of the diseases caused by related pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yu Gary Gao
- OSU South Centers, The Ohio State University, 1864 Shyville Road, Piketon, OH 45661, USA
- Department of Extension, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ye Xia
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Rehan M, Al-Turki A, Abdelmageed AHA, Abdelhameid NM, Omar AF. Performance of Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Isolated from Sandy Soil on Growth of Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1588. [PMID: 37111812 PMCID: PMC10145201 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere affect plant growth, health, and productivity, as well as soil-nutrient contents. They are considered a green and eco-friendly technology that will reduce chemical-fertilizer usage, thereby reducing production costs and protecting the environment. Out of 58 bacterial strains isolated in Qassim, Saudi Arabia, four strains were identified by the 16S rRNA as the Streptomyces cinereoruber strain P6-4, Priestia megaterium strain P12, Rossellomorea aquimaris strain P22-2, and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain P24. The plant-growth-promoting (PGP) features of the identified bacteria involving inorganic phosphate (P) solubilization, the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), and siderophore secretion were assessed in vitro. Regarding the P solubilization, the previous strains' efficacy reached 37.71%, 52.84%, 94.31%, and 64.20%, respectively. The strains produced considerable amounts of IAA (69.82, 251.70, 236.57, and 101.94 µg/mL) after 4 days of incubation at 30 °C. Furthermore, the rates of siderophore production reached 35.51, 26.37, 26.37, and 23.84 psu, respectively, in the same strains. The application of the selected strains in the presence of rock phosphate (RP) with tomato plants under greenhouse conditions was evaluated. The plant growth and P-uptake traits positively and significantly increased in response to all the bacterial treatments, except for some traits, such as plant height, number of leaves, and leaf DM at 21 DAT, compared to the negative control (rock phosphate, T2). Notably, the P. megaterium strain P12 (T4), followed by R. aquimaris strain P22-2 (T5), revealed the best values related to plant height (at 45 DAT), number of leaves per plant (at 45 DAT), root length, leaf area, leaf-P uptake, stem P uptake, and total plant P uptake compared to the rock phosphate. The first two components of the PCA (principal component analysis) represented 71.99% (PCA1 = 50.81% and PCA2 = 21.18%) of the variation at 45 DAT. Finally, the PGPR improved the vegetative-growth traits of the tomato plants through P solubilization, IAA, and siderophore production, and ameliorated the availability of nutrients. Thus, applying in PGPR in sustainable agriculture will potentially reduce production costs and protect the environment from contamination by chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Rehan
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (A.H.A.A.); (A.F.O.)
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Al-Turki
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (A.H.A.A.); (A.F.O.)
| | - Adil H. A. Abdelmageed
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (A.H.A.A.); (A.F.O.)
- Department of Horticulture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum North, Shambat 13314, Sudan
| | - Noha M. Abdelhameid
- Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Desert Research Center (DRC), Cairo 11753, Egypt;
| | - Ayman F. Omar
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (A.H.A.A.); (A.F.O.)
- Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, EPCRS Excellence Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
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Zayed BA, Ghazy HA, Negm ME, Bassiouni SM, Hadifa AA, El-Sharnobi DE, Abdelhamed MM, Abo-Marzoka EA, Okasha AM, Elsayed S, Farooque AA, Yaseen ZM. Response of varied rice genotypes on cell membrane stability, defense system, physio-morphological traits and yield under transplanting and aerobic cultivation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5765. [PMID: 37031264 PMCID: PMC10082820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic rice cultivation progresses water productivity, and it can save almost 50% of irrigation water compared to lowland rice with the appropriate development of genotypes and management practices. Two field trials were conducted during 2020, and 2021 seasons to determine the validation of different rice varieties under aerobic cultivation based on their plant defense system, physio-morphological traits, stress indices, grain yield, and water productivity. The experiments were designed in a split-plot design with four replications. Two planting methods, transplanting and aerobic cultivation, were denoted as the main plots, and ten rice genotypes were distributed in the subplots. The results revealed that the planting method varied significantly in all measured parameters. The transplanting method with well watering had the highest value of all measured parameters except leaf rolling, membrane stability index, antioxidant, proline, and the number of unfilled grains. EHR1, Giza179 and GZ9399 as well as A22 genotypes a chief more antioxidant defense system that operated under aerobic conditions. Giza179, EHR1, GZ9399, and Giza178 showed high cell membrane stability and subsequently high validation under such conditions, and also showed efficiency in decreasing water consumption and improving water use efficiency. In conclusion, this study proves that Giza179, EHR1, GZ9399, Giza178, and A22 are valid genotypes for aerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassiouni A Zayed
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Hasnaa A Ghazy
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Mahrous E Negm
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Bassiouni
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Adel A Hadifa
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Dalia E El-Sharnobi
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdelhamed
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Abo-Marzoka
- Crop Physiology Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Amira M Okasha
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Salah Elsayed
- Evaluation of Natural Resources Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Minufiya, 32897, Egypt
- New era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Canadian Center for Climate Change and Adaptation University of Prince Edward Island, St Peter's Bay, PE, Canada.
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.
| | - Zaher Mundher Yaseen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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Application of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria from Cape Verde to Increase Maize Tolerance to Salinity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020488. [PMID: 36830045 PMCID: PMC9952022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity constitutes a major abiotic factor that negatively affects crop productivity. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is proven to increase plant tolerance to abiotic stresses and enhance plant growth, development and productivity. The present study aims to increase the resilience of crops to salinity using bacteria from the microbiome of plants growing in saline environments. For that, the halotolerance of bacteria present in the roots of natural plants growing on Sal Island, which is characterized by its arid environment and maritime influence, was determined, with some strains having extreme halotolerance. Their ability to produce plant growth-promoting traits was evaluated, with most strains increasing indole acetic acid (26-418%), siderophore (>300%) and alginate (2-66%) production and phosphate solubilization (13-100%) under salt stress. The strains evidencing the best performance were inoculated in maize (Zea mays L.) plants and their influence on plant growth and biochemical status was evaluated. Results evidenced bacterial ability to especially increase proline (55-191%), whose osmotic, antioxidant and protein-protecting properties reduced protein damage in salt-stressed maize plants, evidencing the potential of PGPB to reduce the impact of salinity on crops. Enhanced nutrition, phytohormone production and osmolyte synthesis along with antioxidant response all contribute to increasing plant tolerance to salt stress.
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Pereira JF, Oliveira ALM, Sartori D, Yamashita F, Mali S. Perspectives on the Use of Biopolymeric Matrices as Carriers for Plant-Growth Promoting Bacteria in Agricultural Systems. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020467. [PMID: 36838432 PMCID: PMC9963413 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The subject of this review is to discuss some aspects related to the use of biopolymeric matrices as carriers for plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in agricultural systems as a possible technological solution for the establishment of agricultural production practices that result in fewer adverse impacts on the environment, reporting some promising and interesting results on the topic. Results from the encapsulation of different PGPB on alginate, starch, chitosan, and gelatin matrices are discussed, systematizing some advances made in this area of knowledge in recent years. Encapsulation of these bacteria has been shown to be an effective method for protecting them from unsuitable environments, and these new products that can act as biofertilizers and biopesticides play an important role in the establishment of a sustainable and modern agriculture. These new products are technological solutions for replacing deleterious chemical fertilizers and pesticides, maintaining soil fertility and stability, and improving crop productivity and food security. Finally, in the near future, scale-up studies will have to provide new information about the large-scale production of these materials as well as their application in the field under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica F. Pereira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina—UEL, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - André Luiz M. Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina—UEL, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniele Sartori
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina—UEL, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabio Yamashita
- Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina—UEL, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Suzana Mali
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina—UEL, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-43-3371-4270; Fax: +55-43-3371-5470
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Mahreen N, Yasmin S, Asif M, Yahya M, Ejaz K, Mehboob-ur-Rahman, Yousaf S, Amin I, Zulfiqar S, Imran A, Khaliq S, Arif M. Mitigation of water scarcity with sustained growth of Rice by plant growth promoting bacteria. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1081537. [PMID: 36755700 PMCID: PMC9900138 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change augments the risk to food security by inducing drought stress and a drastic decline in global rice production. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been known to improve plant growth under drought stress. Here in the present study, we isolated, identified, and well-characterized eight drought-tolerant bacteria from the rice rhizosphere that are tolerant to 20% PEG-8000. These strains exhibited multiple plant growth-promoting traits, i.e., 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, exopolysaccharide production, phosphate (P)-solubilizing activity (51-356 µg ml-1), indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) production (14.3-46.2 µg ml-1), and production of organic acids (72-178 µg ml-1). Inoculation of bacterial consortium (Bacillus subtilis NM-2, Brucella haematophilum NM-4, and Bacillus cereus NM-6) significantly improved seedling growth and vigor index (1009.2-1100) as compared to non-inoculated stressed plants (630-957). Through rhizoscanning, efficiency of the consortium was validated by improved root parameters such as root length (17%), diameter, and surface area (18%) of all tested genotypes as compared with respective non-inoculated stressed treatments. Furthermore, the response of consortium inoculation on three rice genotypes was positively correlated with improved plant growth and drought stress ameliorating traits by the accumulation of osmoprotectant, i.e., proline (85.8%-122%), relative water content (51%), membrane stability index (64%), and production of antioxidant enzymes to reduce oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. A decrease in temperature and improved chlorophyll content of inoculated plants were found using infrared thermal imaging and soil plant analyzer development (SPAD), respectively. The key supporting role of inoculation toward stress responses was validated using robust techniques like infrared thermal imaging and an infrared gas analyzer. Furthermore, principal component analysis depicts the contribution of inoculation on stress responses and yield of tested rice genotypes under water stress. The integration of drought-tolerant rice genotype (NIBGE-DT02) and potential bacterial strains, i.e., NM-2, NM-4, and NM-6, can serve as an effective bioinoculant to cope with water scarcity under current alarming issues related to food security in fluctuating climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Mahreen
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Yasmin
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mahreen Yahya
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Khansa Ejaz
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob-ur-Rahman
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Yousaf
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB) College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sana Zulfiqar
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asma Imran
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Khaliq
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) with Biofilm-Forming Ability: A Multifaceted Agent for Sustainable Agriculture. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) enhance plant growth, as well as protect plants from several biotic and abiotic stresses through a variety of mechanisms. Therefore, the exploitation of PGPB in agriculture is feasible as it offers sustainable and eco-friendly approaches to maintaining soil health while increasing crop productivity. The vital key of PGPB application in agriculture is its effectiveness in colonizing plant roots and the phyllosphere, and in developing a protective umbrella through the formation of microcolonies and biofilms. Biofilms offer several benefits to PGPB, such as enhancing resistance to adverse environmental conditions, protecting against pathogens, improving the acquisition of nutrients released in the plant environment, and facilitating beneficial bacteria–plant interactions. Therefore, bacterial biofilms can successfully compete with other microorganisms found on plant surfaces. In addition, plant-associated PGPB biofilms are capable of protecting colonization sites, cycling nutrients, enhancing pathogen defenses, and increasing tolerance to abiotic stresses, thereby increasing agricultural productivity and crop yields. This review highlights the role of biofilms in bacterial colonization of plant surfaces and the strategies used by biofilm-forming PGPB. Moreover, the factors influencing PGPB biofilm formation at plant root and shoot interfaces are critically discussed. This will pave the role of PGPB biofilms in developing bacterial formulations and addressing the challenges related to their efficacy and competence in agriculture for sustainability.
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Uniting the Role of Endophytic Fungi against Plant Pathogens and Their Interaction. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9010072. [PMID: 36675893 PMCID: PMC9860820 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are used as the most common microbial biological control agents (MBCAs) against phytopathogens and are ubiquitous in all plant parts. Most of the fungal species have roles against a variety of plant pathogens. Fungal endophytes provide different services to be used as pathogen control agents, using an important aspect in the form of enhanced plant growth and induced systemic resistance, produce a variety of antifungal secondary metabolites (lipopeptides, antibiotics and enzymes) through colonization, and compete with other pathogenic microorganisms for growth factors (space and nutrients). The purpose of this review is to highlight the biological control potential of fungal species with antifungal properties against different fungal plant pathogens. We focused on the introduction, biology, isolation, identification of endophytic fungi, and their antifungal activity against fungal plant pathogens. The endosymbionts have developed specific genes that exhibited endophytic behavior and demonstrated defensive responses against pathogens such as antibiosis, parasitism, lytic enzyme and competition, siderophore production, and indirect responses by induced systemic resistance (ISR) in the host plant. Finally, different microscopic detection techniques to study microbial interactions (endophytic and pathogenic fungal interactions) in host plants are briefly discussed.
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Prado-Tarango DE, Mata-Gonzalez R, Hovland M. Drought and Competition Mediate Mycorrhizal Colonization, Growth Rate, and Nutrient Uptake in Three Artemisia Species. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010050. [PMID: 36677342 PMCID: PMC9863208 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Artemisia includes several keystone shrub species that dominate the North American sagebrush steppe. Their growth, survival, and establishment are negatively affected by exotic invasive grasses such as Taeniatherum caput-medusae. While the outcomes of symbiotic relationships between Artemisia spp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ambiguous, the benefits of ameliorated nutrient and drought stress may be cryptic and better revealed under competition. We evaluated the effects of a commercial AMF inoculum on ameliorating biotic (competition with T. caput-medusae) and abiotic (drought) stress of Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis, Artemisia arbuscula, and Artemisia nova when grown in sterile and microbially active field soil. Stress amelioration was measured as an increase in biomass production and nutrient acquisition. Mycorrhizal colonization of roots was lower in Artemisia plants grown in competition, while T. caput-medusae colonization was higher in plants with greater moisture. Both types of stress negatively affected plant biomass. Commercial AMF inoculation did not increase biomass. Colonization from field soil increased average phosphorous concentration under drought for A. tridentata ssp. wyomingensis by 36% and A. nova by 125%. While commercial inoculum and live soil led to AMF colonization of T. caput-medusae, only the commercial inoculum increased average phosphorus uptake by 71%.
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Omar AF, Abdelmageed AHA, Al-Turki A, Abdelhameid NM, Sayyed RZ, Rehan M. Exploring the Plant Growth-Promotion of Four Streptomyces Strains from Rhizosphere Soil to Enhance Cucumber Growth and Yield. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233316. [PMID: 36501356 PMCID: PMC9737303 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Streptomyces is the most abundant and essential microbes in the soil microbial community. Streptomyces are familiar and have great potential to produce a large variety of bioactive compounds. This genus considers an efficient biofertilizer based on its plant growth-promoting activities. Based on their ability to produce a wide varieties of bioactive molecules, the present study aimed to explore the potential plant growth promotion of four Streptomyces strains and their role in enhancing cucumber growth and yield under greenhouse conditions. Streptomyces sp. strain HM2, Streptomyces thinghirensis strain HM3, Streptomyces sp. strain HM8, and Streptomyces tricolor strain HM10 were chosen for the current study. Plant growth-promoting (PGP) features, i.e., indole acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore excretion, and solubilizing phosphate, were evaluated in vitro. All four strains produced IAA, siderophore, and immobilized inorganic phosphate. Following 4 days of incubation at 30 °C, strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively). At the same time, P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency. During in planta evaluation, selected Streptomyces strains combined with rock phosphate were assessed as biofertilizers on the growth and yield of cucumber plants. Under all treatments, positive and significant differences in studied traits were manifested except dry stem matter (SDM), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), and fruit firmness (FF). Treatment T4 (rock phosphate + strain HM3) followed by T5 (rock phosphate + strain HM8) revealed the best results for plant height (PH), number of leaves per plant (NLPP), root length (RL), number of fruits per plant (NFPP), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), fruit fresh weight per plant (FFWPP), soil P (SP) after 21 DAT, and soil P at the end of the experiment. Notably, T6 (rock phosphate + strain HM10) caused a considerable increase in leaf area (LA). Plant growth-promoting bacteria enhance plant growth and yield through phosphorus solubilizing, improve nutrient availability, produce phytohormones, and support plant growth under abiotic stress. These features are important for sustainable agriculture and reducing environmental pollution with chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman F. Omar
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, EPCRS Excellence Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Adil H. A. Abdelmageed
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Horticulture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Khartoum North 13314, Sudan
| | - Ahmad Al-Turki
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha M. Abdelhameid
- Desert Research Center (DRC), Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- PSGVP Mandal’s S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science & STKVS Commerce College, Shahada 425409, India
| | - Medhat Rehan
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
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Wang Q, Peng X, Lang D, Ma X, Zhang X. Physio-biochemical and transcriptomic analysis reveals that the mechanism of Bacillus cereus G2 alleviated oxidative stress of salt-stressed Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114264. [PMID: 36334340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely affects the growth and productivity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Our previous research found that the endophyte Bacillus cereus G2 alleviated the osmotic and oxidative stress in G. uralensis exposed to salinity. However, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, a pot experiment was conducted to analyse the change in parameters related to osmotic adjustment and antioxidant metabolism by G2 in salt-stressed G. uralensis at the physio-biochemistry and transcriptome levels. The results showed that G2 significantly increased proline content by 48 %, glycine betaine content by 75 % due to activated expression of BADH1, and soluble sugar content by 77 % due to upregulated expression of α-glucosidase and SS, which might help to decrease the cell osmotic potential, enable the cell to absorb water, and stabilize the cell's protein and membrane structure, thereby alleviating osmotic stress. Regarding antioxidant metabolism, G2 significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 27 %, which might be ascribed to the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity that facilitated the decrease in the superoxide radical (O2‾) production rate; it also increased the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), which helped stabilize the normal level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). G2 also increased glutathione (GSH) content by 65 % due to increased glutathione reductase (GR) activity and GSH/GSSG ratio, but G2 decreased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content by 13 % due to decreased activity of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), which could provide sufficient substrates for the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle to eliminate excess H2O2 that was not cleared in a timely manner by the antioxidant enzyme system. Taken together, G2 alleviated osmotic stress by increasing proline, soluble sugar, and glycine betaine contents and alleviated oxidative stress by the synergistic effect of antioxidant enzymes and the AsA-GSH cycle. Therefore, the results may be useful for explaining the mechanism by which endophyte inoculation regulates the salt tolerance of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueying Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Duoyong Lang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Xia H, Yang C, Liang Y, He Z, Guo Y, Lang Y, Wei J, Tian X, Lin L, Deng H, Wang J, Lv X, Liang D. Melatonin and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi synergistically improve drought toleration in kiwifruit seedlings by increasing mycorrhizal colonization and nutrient uptake. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1073917. [PMID: 36531404 PMCID: PMC9752077 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1073917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit is a vine fruit tree that is vulnerable to water deficiency due to its shallow root system and large leaves. Although mycorrhizal inoculation and melatonin application has been proved to improve plants drought tolerance, their interaction effects are still unclear. In this study, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi incubation and melatonin (MT) irrigation were applied to kiwifruit seedlings alone or in combination to investigate their effect on drought tolerance. The results revealed that AM had more effect on promoting root biomass, water use efficiency, and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron. While MT was more effective in promoting shoot biomass and antioxidant enzyme activities to remove reactive oxygen species accumulation. Moreover, MT supplementary significantly increased the AM colonization, spore density and hyphal length density in roots. Therefore, combined application of AM fungi and MT had additive effects on improvement biomass accumulation, increasing chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, catalase activity, and decreasing malondialdehyde accumulation under drought stress, thus promoting plant growth and alleviating the drought damage to plant. These results provide guidance for AM and MT combined application to improve abiotic resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguo Yang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zunzhen He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxuan Lang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinbo Tian
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijin Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghong Deng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiulan Lv
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Fadiji AE, Orozco-Mosqueda MDC, Santos-Villalobos SDL, Santoyo G, Babalola OO. Recent Developments in the Application of Plant Growth-Promoting Drought Adaptive Rhizobacteria for Drought Mitigation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223090. [PMID: 36432820 PMCID: PMC9698351 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought intensity that has increased as a result of human activity and global warming poses a serious danger to agricultural output. The demand for ecologically friendly solutions to ensure the security of the world's food supply has increased as a result. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) treatment may be advantageous in this situation. PGPR guarantees the survival of the plant during a drought through a variety of processes including osmotic adjustments, improved phytohormone synthesis, and antioxidant activity, among others and these mechanisms also promote the plant's development. In addition, new developments in omics technology have improved our understanding of PGPR, which makes it easier to investigate the genes involved in colonizing plant tissue. Therefore, this review addresses the mechanisms of PGPR in drought stress resistance to summarize the most current omics-based and molecular methodologies for exploring the function of drought-responsive genes. The study discusses a detailed mechanistic approach, PGPR-based bioinoculant design, and a potential roadmap for enhancing their efficacy in combating drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | | | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-18-389-2568
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Cruz C, Cardoso P, Santos J, Matos D, Figueira E. Bioprospecting Soil Bacteria from Arid Zones to Increase Plant Tolerance to Drought: Growth and Biochemical Status of Maize Inoculated with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Isolated from Sal Island, Cape Verde. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11212912. [PMID: 36365367 PMCID: PMC9656834 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are responsible for extensive crop yield losses, with negative impact on global agricultural production. The occurrence of extreme weather events such as drought is a big challenge for agriculture, negatively impacting crops. Thus, methodologies reducing crop dependence on water will be a great advantage. Plant roots are colonized by soil bacteria, that can establish beneficial associations with plants, increasing crop productivity and plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to promote plant growth and to increase crop tolerance to drought by inoculation with osmotolerant bacterial strains. For that, bacteria were isolated from plants growing in Sal Island (Cape Verde) and identified. The osmotolerance and plant-growth promotion (PGP) abilities of the strains were determined. A maize seed cultivar tolerant to drought was inoculated with the strains evidencing best PGP capacity and osmo-tolerance. Results evidenced the ability of some bacterial strains increasing the development and inducing osmotolerance in plants. These results evidence the potential of osmotolerant bacteria to further increase the level of tolerance of maize varieties tolerant to drought, decreasing the dependence of this crop on irrigation, and open new perspectives to growth maize in drought affected areas and to use water more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Cruz
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Cardoso
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Matos
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Elsayed A, Abdelsattar AM, Heikal YM, El-Esawi MA. Synergistic effects of Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus cereus on plant growth, biochemical attributes and molecular genetic regulation of steviol glycosides biosynthetic genes in Stevia rebaudiana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 189:24-34. [PMID: 36041365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to scale up the favorable bio-stimulants for enhancing the growth and breeding strategies of Stevia rebaudiana to increase sugar productivity. Inoculation of 45-day-old S. rebaudiana plantlets with Bacillus cereus and Azospirillum brasilense alone or in combination for 30 days allowed comparisons among their effects on enhancement and improvement of plant growth, production of bioactive compounds and expression of steviol glycoside genes. B. cereus SrAM1 isolated from surface-sterilized Stevia rebaudiana leaves was molecularly identified using 16s rRNA and tested for its ability to promote plant growth. Beneficial endophytic B. cereus SrAM1 induced all plant growth-promoting traits, except solubilization of phosphate, therefore it showed high effectiveness in the promotion of growth and production of bioactive compounds. Treatment of plants with B. cereus SrAM1 alone revealed carbohydrates content of 278.99 mg/g, total soluble sugar of 114.17 mg/g, total phenolics content of 34.05 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight) and total antioxidants activity of 32.33 mg (A.A)/g dry weight). Thus, plantlets inoculated with B. cereus SrAM1 alone exhibited the greatest responses in physiological and morphological parameters, but plantlets inoculated with B. cereus SrAM1 + A. brasilense showed a maximal upregulation of genes responsible for the biosynthesis of steviol glycosides (Kaurene oxidase, ent-KO; UDP-dependent glycosyl transferases of UGT85C2, UGT74G1, UGT76G1). Taken together, the used bacterial strains, particularly B. cereus SrAM1 could significantly improve the growth of S. rebaudiana via dynamic interactions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Elsayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal M Abdelsattar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Abideen Z, Cardinale M, Zulfiqar F, Koyro HW, Rasool SG, Hessini K, Darbali W, Zhao F, Siddique KH. Seed Endophyte bacteria enhance drought stress tolerance in Hordeum vulgare by regulating, physiological characteristics, antioxidants and minerals uptake. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:980046. [PMID: 36275600 PMCID: PMC9581713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.980046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Growth stimulating bacteria help remediate dry arid soil and plant stress. Here, Pseudomonas sp. and Pantoea sp. we used to study the stress ecology of Hordeum vulgare and the environmental impact of water deficit on soil characteristics, growth, photosynthesis apparatus, mineral acquisition and antioxidiant defense. Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea had significantly higher (about 2 folds) soil carbon flux (soil respiration), chlorophyll levels (18%), net photosynthetic rate (33% in Pantoea and 54% in Pseudomonas), (44%) stomatal conductance than uninoculated plants in stressed conditions. Both bacterial strains improved leaf growth (23-29%) and root development under well-watered conditions but reduced around (25%) root biomass under drought. Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea under drought also increased of about 27% leaf respiration and transpiration (48%) but decreased water use efficiency, photoinhibition (91%), and the risk of oxidative stress (ETR/A) (49%). Drought stress increased most of the studied antioxidant enzymatic activities in the plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea, which reduce the membrane damage and protect plants form oxidative defenses. Drought stress increased K+ acquisition around 50% in both shoots inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea relative to non-stressed plants. Plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea increased shoot Na+ while root Na+ only increased in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas in stressed conditions. Drought stress increased shoot Mg2+ in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas or Pantoea but did not affect Ca2+ relative to non-stressed plants. Drought stress increased about 70% K+/Na+ ratio only in plants inoculated with Pseudomonas relative to non-stressed plants. Our results indicate that inoculating barley with the studied bacterial strains increases plant biomass and can therefore play a role in the environmental remediation of drylands for food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Research Centre for Bio Systems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Cardinale
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Research Centre for Bio Systems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBa), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hans-Werner Koyro
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Research Centre for Bio Systems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sarwat Ghulam Rasool
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Darbali
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Research Centre for Bio Systems, Land Use, and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fengliang Zhao
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Haikou, China
| | - Kadambot H.M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Insight into Recent Progress and Perspectives in Improvement of Antioxidant Machinery upon PGPR Augmentation in Plants under Drought Stress: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091763. [PMID: 36139837 PMCID: PMC9495777 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture has a lot of responsibility as the rise in the world’s population demands more food requirements. However, more than one type of biotic and abiotic stress continually impacts agricultural productivity. Drought stress is a major abiotic stress that significantly affects agricultural productivity every year as the plants undergo several morphological, biochemical, and physiological modifications, such as repressed root and shoot growth, reduced photosynthesis and transpiration rate, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), osmotic adjustments, and modified leaf senescence regulating and stress signaling pathways. Such modifications may permanently damage the plants; therefore, mitigation strategies must be developed. The use of drought resistant crop cultivars is more expensive and labor-intensive with few advantages. However, exploiting plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a proven alternative with numerous direct and indirect advantages. The PGPR confers induced systemic tolerance (IST) mechanisms in plants in response to drought stress via multiple mechanisms, including the alteration of root architecture, maintenance of high relative water content, improvement of photosynthesis rate, production of phytohormones, exopolysaccharides, ACC deaminase, carotenoids and volatiles, induction of antioxidant defense system, and alteration in stress-responsive gene expression. The commercial application of PGPR as bioinoculants or biostimulants will remain contingent on more robust strain selection and performance under unfavorable environmental conditions. This review highlights the possible mechanisms of PGPR by activating the plant adaptive defense systems for enhancing drought tolerance and improving overall growth and yield.
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Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Consortia as a Strategy to Alleviate Drought Stress in Spinacia oleracea. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091798. [PMID: 36144400 PMCID: PMC9501077 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting soil fertility and plant health, and due to climate change, it is destined to increase even further, becoming a serious threat to crop production. An efficient, eco-friendly alternative is the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), which can promote plant fitness through direct and indirect approaches, protecting plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. The present study aims to identify bacterial consortia to promote Spinacia oleracea L. cv Matador’s seed germination and protect its seedlings from drought stress. Eight PGPB strains belonging to the Bacillus, Azotobacter, and Pseudomonas genera, previously characterized in physiological conditions, were analyzed under water-shortage conditions, and a germination bioassay was carried out by biopriming S. oleracea seeds with either individual strains or consortia. The consortia of B. amyloliquefaciens RHF6, B. amyloliquefaciens LMG9814, and B. sp. AGS84 displayed the capacity to positively affect seed germination and seedlings’ radical development in both standard and drought conditions, ameliorating the plants’ growth rate compared to the untreated ones. These results sustain using PGPB consortia as a valid ameliorating water stress strategy in the agro-industrial field.
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