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Zhao J, Qiu YK, Xie YX, Li XY, Li YB, Wu B, Wang YW, Tian XY, Lv YL, Zhang LH, Li WL, Yang HF. Imbalance of mitochondrial quality control regulated by STING and PINK1 affects cyfluthrin-induced neuroinflammation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174313. [PMID: 38964406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Nervous system diseases are a global health problem, and with the increase in the elderly population around the world, their incidence will also increase. Harmful substances in the environment are closely related to the occurrence of nervous system diseases. China is a large agricultural country, and thus the insecticide cyfluthrin has been widely used. Cyfluthrin is neurotoxic, but the mechanism of this injury is not clear. Inflammation is an important mechanism for the occurrence of nervous system diseases. Mitochondria are the main regulators of the inflammatory response, and various cellular responses, including autophagy, directly affect the regulation of inflammatory processes. Mitochondrial damage is related to mitochondrial quality control (MQC) and PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1). As an anti-inflammatory factor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING) participates in the regulation of inflammation. However, the relationship between STING and mitochondria in the process of cyfluthrin-induced nerve injury is unclear. This study established in vivo and in vitro models of cyfluthrin exposure to explore the role of MQC and to clarify the mechanism of action of STING and PINK1. Our results showed that cyfluthrin can increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, resulting in mitochondrial damage and inflammation. In this process, an imbalance in MQC leads to the aggravation of mitochondrial damage, and high STING expression drives the occurrence of inflammation. We established a differential expression model of STING and PINK1 to further determine the underlying mechanism and found that the interaction between STING and PINK1 regulates MQC to affect the levels of mitochondrial damage and inflammation. When STING and PINK1 expression are downregulated, mitochondrial damage and STING-induced inflammation are significantly alleviated. In summary, a synergistic effect between STING and PINK1 on cyfluthrin-induced neuroinflammation may exist, which leads to an imbalance in MQC by inhibiting mitochondrial biogenesis and division/fusion, and PINK1 can reduce STING-driven inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhao
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Yi-Kai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Eduction, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yong-Xing Xie
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yu-Bin Li
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yu-Wen Wang
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Xue-Yan Tian
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Lv
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Ling-He Zhang
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Wen-Li Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Hui-Fang Yang
- College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
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Tao H, Zhu P, Xia W, Chu M, Chen K, Wang Q, Gu Y, Lu X, Bai J, Geng D. The Emerging Role of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain in Skeletal Aging. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1784-1812. [PMID: 37815897 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for ensuring healthy mitochondria and normal cellular function. This process is primarily responsible for regulating processes that include mitochondrial OXPHOS, which generates ATP, as well as mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, and mitophagy. Bone mesenchymal stem cells express factors that aid in bone formation and vascular growth. Positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow affects the differentiation of osteoclasts. Furthermore, the metabolic regulation of cells that play fundamental roles in various regions of the bone, as well as interactions within the bone microenvironment, actively participates in regulating bone integrity and aging. The maintenance of cellular homeostasis is dependent on the regulation of intracellular organelles, thus understanding the impact of mitochondrial functional changes on overall bone metabolism is crucially important. Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial homeostasis can lead to morphological and functional abnormalities in senescent cells, particularly in the context of bone diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal diseases results in abnormal metabolism of bone-associated cells and a secondary dysregulated microenvironment within bone tissue. This imbalance in the oxidative system and immune disruption in the bone microenvironment ultimately leads to bone dysplasia. In this review, we examine the latest developments in mitochondrial respiratory chain regulation and its impacts on maintenance of bone health. Specifically, we explored whether enhancing mitochondrial function can reduce the occurrence of bone cell deterioration and improve bone metabolism. These findings offer prospects for developing bone remodeling biology strategies to treat age-related degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenyu Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiufei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
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Wei YY, Ye JJ, Zhang DW, Hu L, Wu HM, Fei GH. Melatonin Rescues Influenza A Virus-Induced Cellular Energy Exhaustion via OMA1-OPA1-S in Acute Exacerbation of COPD. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12991. [PMID: 39039850 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Although rapid progression and a poor prognosis in influenza A virus (IAV) infection-induced acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are frequently associated with metabolic energy disorders, the underlying mechanisms and rescue strategies remain unknown. We herein demonstrated that the level of resting energy expenditure increased significantly in IAV-induced AECOPD patients and that cellular energy exhaustion emerged earlier and more significantly in IAV-infected primary COPD bronchial epithelial (pDHBE) cells. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway; additionally, we consistently uncovered much earlier ATP exhaustion, more severe mitochondrial structural destruction and dysfunction, and OXPHOS impairment in IAV-inoculated pDHBE cells, and these changes were rescued by melatonin. The level of OMA1-dependent cleavage of OPA1 in the mitochondrial inner membrane and the shift in energy metabolism from OXPHOS to glycolysis were significantly increased in IAV-infected pDHBE cells; however, these changes were rescued by OMA1-siRNA or melatonin further treatment. Collectively, our data revealed that melatonin rescued IAV-induced cellular energy exhaustion via OMA1-OPA1-S to improve the clinical prognosis in COPD. This treatment may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for patients in which AECOPD is induced by IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-He Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Han JW, Shin SK, Bae HR, Lee H, Moon SY, Seo WD, Kwon EY. Wheat seedlings extract ameliorates sarcopenia in aged mice by regulating protein synthesis and degradation with anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial biogenesis effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155747. [PMID: 38788397 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation, which becomes more prevalent during aging, contributes to sarcopenia by reducing muscle mass and strength. PURPOSE Wheat seedlings extract (WSE) is known for its various physiological activities, including anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects. However, its efficacy against sarcopenia is not well documented. STUDY DESIGN 8-week-old and 50-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were used as young control (YC group) and aged controls (AC group), respectively. Then, aged mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (WSE100mg/kg, WSE200mg/kg, WSE400mg/kg, and schizandrin as a positive control) and fed each experimental diet for 10 weeks. METHOD We investigated the effects of WSE on muscle quality and protein homeostasis pathways based on improvements in mitochondrial function and chronic inflammation. We then used TNFα-treated C2C12 to investigate the effects of isoorientin (ISO) and isoschaftoside (ISS), the active substances of WSE, on the myogenic pathway. RESULTS We administered WSE to aging mice and observed an increase in muscle mass, thickness, protein content, and strength in mice treated with WSE at a dose of 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg. Furthermore, the administration of WSE led to a reduction in inflammatory factors (TNFα, IL-1, and IL-6) and an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis (p-AMPK/SIRT3/PGC1α) in muscle. This effect was also observed in TNFα-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 cells, and we additionally identified the upregulation of myogenic regulatory factors, including Myf5, Myf6, MyoD, and myogenin, by WSE, ISO, and ISS. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that WSE could function as a dietary anti-inflammatory factor and mitochondrial activator, potentially exerting modulatory effects on the metabolism and mechanical properties of skeletal muscles in the aging population. Furthermore, Our results demonstrate the potential value of ISO and ISS as functional food ingredients for preventing muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Heekyong R Bae
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - HanGyeol Lee
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, South Korea
| | - So Yeon Moon
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, South Korea
| | - Woo Duck Seo
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kwon
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-Ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang B, Gao Y, Lin S, Zhou Y, Wu L. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the mitophagy-associated pharmacological mechanism of modified Shisiwei Jianzhong decoction against aplastic anemia. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5963. [PMID: 39030833 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the therapeutic effect of modified Shisiwei Jianzhong Decoction (SJD) on aplastic anemia (AA) and its potential pharmacological mechanism from the perspective of mitophagy. A comprehensive approach combining network pharmacology, mendelian randomization, molecular docking and animal experiments was applied to evaluate the properties of SJD against AA. By integrating multiple databases, it was determined that SJD exerted its therapeutic effect on AA by targeting three key targets [mammalian target of rapamycin (MTOR), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)] through four core compounds (quercetin, resveratrol, genistein and curcumin). Mendelian randomization analysis identified MTOR as a risk factor for AA occurrence while PARP1 was a protective factor. Results of animal experiments showed that SJD improved peripheral blood counts and promoted the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells. Mechanistically, SJD, especially at high dose, played a therapeutic role in AA by activating mitophagy-related proteins PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin and inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase (AKT)/MTOR pathway. This study revealed for the first time the core chemical composition of SJD and its pharmacological effects against AA, which can restore hematopoietic function by activating mitophagy. The results provide inspiration for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in AA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanting Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shengyun Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Hong Q, Zhu S, Yu Y, Ren Y, Jin L, Wang H, Zhang H, Guo K. The emerging role of mtDNA release in sepsis: Current evidence and potential therapeutic targets. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38888012 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory reaction caused by infection, and severe sepsis can develop into septic shock, eventually leading to multiorgan dysfunction and even death. In recent years, studies have shown that mitochondrial damage is closely related to the occurrence and development of sepsis. Recent years have seen a surge in concern over mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), as anomalies in this material can lead to cellular dysfunction, disruption of aerobic respiration, and even death of the cell. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on the mechanisms of mitochondrial damage and the molecular mechanisms controlling mitochondrial mtDNA release. We also explored the connection between mtDNA misplacement and inflammatory activation. Additionally, we propose potential therapeutic targets of mtDNA for sepsis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianya Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuainan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Kefang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
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Lawrence DA, Jadhav A, Mondal TK, Carson K, Lee WT, Hogan AH, Herbst KW, Michelow IC, Brimacombe M, Salazar JC. Inflammatory and Autoimmune Aspects of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Prospective Cohort Study. Viruses 2024; 16:950. [PMID: 38932242 PMCID: PMC11209514 DOI: 10.3390/v16060950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a potentially life-threatening complication of COVID-19. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to severe disease are poorly understood. This study leveraged clinical samples from a well-characterized cohort of children hospitalized with COVID-19 or MIS-C to compare immune-mediated biomarkers. Our objective was to identify selected immune molecules that could explain, in part, why certain SARS-CoV-2-infected children developed MIS-C. We hypothesized that type-2 helper T cell-mediated inflammation can elicit autoantibodies, which may account for some of the differences observed between the moderate-severe COVID-19 (COVID+) and MIS-C cohort. We enumerated blood leukocytes and measured levels of selected serum cytokines, chemokines, antibodies to COVID-19 antigens, and autoantibodies in children presenting to an academic medical center in Connecticut, United States. The neutrophil/lymphocyte and eosinophil/lymphocyte ratios were significantly higher in those in the MIS-C versus COVID+ cohort. IgM and IgA, but not IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain were significantly higher in the MIS-C cohort than the COVID+ cohort. The serum levels of certain type-2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33) were significantly higher in children with MIS-C compared to the COVID+ and SARS-CoV-2-negative cohorts. IgG autoantibodies to brain antigens and pentraxin were higher in children with MIS-C compared to SARS-CoV-19-negative controls, and children with MIS-C had higher levels of IgG anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (caspr2) compared to the COVID+ and SARS-CoV-19-negative controls. We speculate that autoimmune responses in certain COVID-19 patients may induce pathophysiological changes that lead to MIS-C. The triggers of autoimmunity and factors accounting for type-2 inflammation require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Lawrence
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Aishwarya Jadhav
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
| | - Tapan K. Mondal
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
| | - Kyle Carson
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
| | - William T. Lee
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Alexander H. Hogan
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Katherine W. Herbst
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children’s Research Institute, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Ian C. Michelow
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
| | - Michael Brimacombe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children’s Research Institute, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Juan C. Salazar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
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Gu X, Chen Y, Cao K, Tu M, Liu W, Ju J. Therapeutic landscape in systemic lupus erythematosus: mtDNA activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112114. [PMID: 38652968 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) serves as a pivotal immune stimulus in the immune response. During stress, mitochondria release mtDNA into the cytoplasm, where it is recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. This activation initiates the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, culminating in an inflammatory response. The cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a critical mediator of inflammatory responses in microbial infections, stress, autoimmune diseases, chronic illnesses, and tissue injuries. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by connective tissue involvement across various bodily systems. Its hallmark is the production of numerous autoantibodies, which prompt the immune system to target and damage the body's own tissues, resulting in organ and tissue damage. Increasing evidence implicates the cGAS-STING pathway as a significant contributor to SLE pathogenesis. This article aims to explore the role of the mtDNA-triggered cGAS-STING pathway and its mechanisms in SLE, with the goal of providing novel insights for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Kunyu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Jiyu Ju
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Tan DX. Mitochondrial dysfunction, a weakest link of network of aging, relation to innate intramitochondrial immunity of DNA recognition receptors. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101886. [PMID: 38663836 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Aging probably is the most complexed process in biology. It is manifested by a variety of hallmarks. These hallmarks weave a network of aging; however, each hallmark is not uniformly strong for the network. It is the weakest link determining the strengthening of the network of aging, or the maximum lifespan of an organism. Therefore, only improvement of the weakest link has the chance to increase the maximum lifespan but not others. We hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction is the weakest link of the network of aging. It may origin from the innate intramitochondrial immunity related to the activities of pathogen DNA recognition receptors. These receptors recognize mtDNA as the PAMP or DAMP to initiate the immune or inflammatory reactions. Evidence has shown that several of these receptors including TLR9, cGAS and IFI16 can be translocated into mitochondria. The potentially intramitochondrial presented pathogen DNA recognition receptors have the capacity to attack the exposed second structures of the mtDNA during its transcriptional or especially the replicational processes, leading to the mtDNA mutation, deletion, heteroplasmy colonization, mitochondrial dysfunction, and alterations of other hallmarks, as well as aging. Pre-consumption of the intramitochondrial presented pathogen DNA recognition receptors by medical interventions including development of mitochondrial targeted small molecule which can neutralize these receptors may retard or even reverse the aging to significantly improve the maximum lifespan of the organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun-Xian Tan
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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10
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Wei X, Yuan Y, Li M, Li Z, Wang X, Cheng H, Liu X, Hao J, Jin T. Nicotine aggravates pancreatic fibrosis in mice with chronic pancreatitis via mitochondrial calcium uniporter. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-69. [PMID: 38686042 PMCID: PMC11057042 DOI: 10.18332/tid/186587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the effects of nicotine on the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis (CP), along with its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS This was an in vivo and in vitro study. In vitro, PSCs were cultured to study the effects of nicotine on their activation and oxidative stress. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify potential signaling pathways involved in nicotine action. And the impact of nicotine on mitochondrial Ca2+ levels and Ca2+ transport-related proteins in PSCs was analyzed. The changes in nicotine effects were observed after the knockdown of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in PSCs. In vivo experiments were conducted using a mouse model of CP to assess the effects of nicotine on pancreatic fibrosis and oxidative stress in mice. The alterations in nicotine effects were observed after treatment with the MCU inhibitor Ru360. RESULTS In vitro experiments demonstrated that nicotine promoted PSCs activation, characterized by increased cell proliferation, elevated α-SMA and collagen expression. Nicotine also increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular malondialdehyde (MDA), exacerbating oxidative stress damage. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that nicotine may exert its effects through the calcium signaling pathway, and it was verified that nicotine elevated mitochondrial Ca2+ levels and upregulated MCU expression. Knockdown of MCU reversed the effects of nicotine on mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, improved mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and structural dysfunction, thereby alleviating the activation of PSCs. In vivo validation experiments showed that nicotine significantly aggravated pancreatic fibrosis in CP mice, promoted PSCs activation, exacerbated pancreatic tissue oxidative stress, and increased MCU expression. However, treatment with Ru360 significantly mitigated these effects. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that nicotine upregulates the expression of MCU, leading to mitochondrial calcium overload and exacerbating oxidative stress in PSCs, and ultimately promoting PSCs activation and exacerbating pancreatic fibrosis in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiren Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxuan Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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11
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Kuroshima T, Kawaguchi S, Okada M. Current Perspectives of Mitochondria in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4710. [PMID: 38731929 PMCID: PMC11083471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is one of the leading indicators for poor prognosis associated with sepsis. Despite its reversibility, prognosis varies widely among patients. Mitochondria play a key role in cellular energy production by generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is vital for myocardial energy metabolism. Over recent years, mounting evidence suggests that severe sepsis not only triggers mitochondrial structural abnormalities such as apoptosis, incomplete autophagy, and mitophagy in cardiomyocytes but also compromises their function, leading to ATP depletion. This metabolic disruption is recognized as a significant contributor to SICM, yet effective treatment options remain elusive. Sepsis cannot be effectively treated with inotropic drugs in failing myocardium due to excessive inflammatory factors that blunt β-adrenergic receptors. This review will share the recent knowledge on myocardial cell death in sepsis and its molecular mechanisms, focusing on the role of mitochondria as an important metabolic regulator of SICM, and discuss the potential for developing therapies for sepsis-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Motoi Okada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (T.K.); (S.K.)
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12
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Lin F, Sun L, Zhang Y, Gao W, Chen Z, Liu Y, Tian K, Han X, Liu R, Li Y, Shen L. Mitochondrial stress response and myogenic differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1381417. [PMID: 38681520 PMCID: PMC11055459 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1381417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Regeneration and repair are prerequisites for maintaining effective function of skeletal muscle under high energy demands, and myogenic differentiation is one of the key steps in the regeneration and repair process. A striking feature of the process of myogenic differentiation is the alteration of mitochondria in number and function. Mitochondrial dysfunction can activate a number of transcriptional, translational and post-translational programmes and pathways to maintain cellular homeostasis under different types and degrees of stress, either through its own signaling or through constant signaling interactions with the nucleus and cytoplasm, a process known as the mitochondrial stress responses (MSRs). It is now believed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with a variety of muscle diseases caused by reduced levels of myogenic differentiation, suggesting the possibility that MSRs are involved in messaging during myogenic differentiation. Also, MSRs may be involved in myogenesis by promoting bioenergetic remodeling and assisting myoblast survival during myogenic differentiation. In this review, we will take MSRs as an entry point to explore its concrete regulatory mechanisms during myogenic differentiation, with a perspective to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment and repair of related muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weinan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Clinical Medical College of Jilin University, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyu Han
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Luyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Sun C, Zhao S, Pan Z, Li J, Wang Y, Kuang H. The Role Played by Mitochondria in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:158-174. [PMID: 38588493 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) refers to an endocrine disorder syndrome that are correlated with multiple organs and systems. PCOS has an effect on women at all stages of their lives, and it has an incidence nearly ranging from 6% to 20% worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunctions (e.g., oxidative stress, dynamic imbalance, and abnormal quality control system) have been identified in patients and animal models of PCOS, and the above processes may play a certain role in the development of PCOS and its associated complications. However, their specific pathogenic roles should be investigated in depth. In this review, recent studies on the mechanisms of action of mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS and its associated clinical manifestations are summarized from the perspective of tissues and organs, and some studies on the treatment of the disease by improving mitochondrial function are reviewed to highlight key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zimeng Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yasong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongying Kuang
- Second Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Shah P, Agbor-Enoh S, Lee S, Andargie TE, Sinha SS, Kong H, Henry L, Park W, McNair E, Tchoukina I, Shah KB, Najjar SS, Hsu S, Rodrigo ME, Jang MK, Marboe C, Berry GJ, Valantine HA. Racial Differences in Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA and Mitochondrial DNA After Heart Transplantation, on Behalf of the GRAfT Investigators. Circ Heart Fail 2024; 17:e011160. [PMID: 38375637 PMCID: PMC11021168 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.011160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black heart transplant patients are at higher risk of acute rejection (AR) and death than White patients. We hypothesized that this risk may be associated with higher levels of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) and cell-free mitochondrial DNA. METHODS The Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation is a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Sequencing was used to quantitate dd-cfDNA and polymerase chain reaction to quantitate cell-free mitochondrial DNA in plasma. AR was defined as ≥2R cellular rejection or ≥1 antibody-mediated rejection. The primary composite outcome was AR, graft dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction <50% and decrease by ≥10%), or death. RESULTS We included 148 patients (65 Black patients and 83 White patients), median age was 56 years and 30% female sex. The incidence of AR was higher in Black patients compared with White patients (43% versus 19%; P=0.002). Antibody-mediated rejection occurred predominantly in Black patients with a prevalence of 20% versus 2% (P<0.001). After transplant, Black patients had higher levels of dd-cfDNA, 0.09% (interquartile range, 0.001-0.30) compared with White patients, 0.05% (interquartile range, 0.001-0.23; P=0.003). Beyond 6 months, Black patients showed a persistent rise in dd-cfDNA with higher levels compared with White patients. Cell-free mitochondrial DNA was higher in Black patients (185 788 copies/mL; interquartile range, 101 252-422 133) compared with White patients (133 841 copies/mL; interquartile range, 75 346-337 990; P<0.001). The primary composite outcome occurred in 43% and 55% of Black patients at 1 and 2 years, compared with 23% and 27% in White patients, P<0.001. In a multivariable model, Black patient race (hazard ratio, 2.61 [95% CI, 1.35-5.04]; P=0.004) and %dd-cfDNA (hazard ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.03-1.28]; P=0.010) were associated with the primary composite outcome. CONCLUSIONS Elevated dd-cfDNA and cell-free mitochondrial DNA after heart transplant may mechanistically be implicated in the higher incidence of AR and worse clinical outcomes in Black transplant recipients. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02423070.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Shah
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support & Transplant, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church VA
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), 10 Center Drive, 7S261, Bethesda Maryland, 20982
| | - Sean Agbor-Enoh
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), 10 Center Drive, 7S261, Bethesda Maryland, 20982
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
- Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda MD
| | - Seiyon Lee
- Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax VA
| | - Temesgen E. Andargie
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), 10 Center Drive, 7S261, Bethesda Maryland, 20982
- Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda MD
| | - Shashank S. Sinha
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support & Transplant, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church VA
| | - Hyesik Kong
- Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda MD
| | - Lawrence Henry
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support & Transplant, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church VA
| | - Woojin Park
- Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda MD
| | - Erick McNair
- Heart Failure, Mechanical Circulatory Support & Transplant, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church VA
| | - Inna Tchoukina
- The Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA
| | - Keyur B. Shah
- The Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA
| | - Samer S. Najjar
- Advanced Heart Failure Program, Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC
| | - Steven Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Maria E. Rodrigo
- Advanced Heart Failure Program, Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC
| | - Moon Kyoo Jang
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), 10 Center Drive, 7S261, Bethesda Maryland, 20982
- Applied Precision Genomics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda MD
| | - Charles Marboe
- Department of Pathology, New York Presbyterian University Hospital of Cornell and Columbia, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Hannah A. Valantine
- Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), 10 Center Drive, 7S261, Bethesda Maryland, 20982
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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15
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Yasuma T, Gabazza EC. Cell Death in Acute Organ Injury and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3930. [PMID: 38612740 PMCID: PMC11012379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in various organs, including the lungs, liver, skin, kidneys, pancreas, and heart, ultimately leading to organ failure [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Esteban C. Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
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16
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Tan X, Chen Q, Chen Z, Sun Z, Chen W, Wei R. Mitochondrial DNA-Activated cGAS-STING Signaling in Environmental Dry Eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:33. [PMID: 38648040 PMCID: PMC11044830 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cGAS-STING pathway has been shown to be an important mediator of inflammation. There is emerging evidence of the importance of this signaling cascade in a variety of inflammatory diseases settings. Here, we present evidence that the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage-mediated cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in the induction of inflammation in environmental dry eye (DE). Methods RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to assess the induction of the cGAS-STING pathway and inflammatory cytokines in environmental DE mouse model, primary human corneal epithelial cells (pHCECs), and patients with DE. RNA sequencing was used to determine mRNA expression patterns of high osmotic pressure (HOP)-stimulated pHCECs. mtDNA was detected with electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescent staining. mtDNA was isolated and transfected into pHCECs for evaluating the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Results The expression levels of cGAS, STING, TBK1, IRF3, and IFNβ were significantly increased in an environmental DE model and HOP-stimulated pHCECs. The STING inhibitor decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in DE. An upregulation of STING-mediated immune responses and IRF3 expression mediated by TBK1 were observed in the HOP group. HOP stimulation induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and the leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm. Then, mtDNA activated the cGAS-STING pathway and induced intracytoplasmic STING translocated to the Golgi apparatus. Finally, we also found activated cGAS-STING signaling in the human conjunctival blot cell of patients with DE. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the cGAS-STING pathway is activated by recognizing cytoplasmic mtDNA leading to STING translocation, further exacerbating the development of inflammation in environmental DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruifen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Bondy SC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as the Major Basis of Brain Aging. Biomolecules 2024; 14:402. [PMID: 38672420 PMCID: PMC11048299 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The changes in the properties of three biological events that occur with cerebral aging are discussed. These adverse changes already begin to develop early in mid-life and gradually become more pronounced with senescence. Essentially, they are reflections of the progressive decline in effectiveness of key processes, resulting in the deviation of essential biochemical trajectories to ineffective and ultimately harmful variants of these programs. The emphasis of this review is the major role played by the mitochondria in the transition of these three important processes toward more deleterious variants as brain aging proceeds. The immune system: the shift away from an efficient immune response to a more unfocused, continuing inflammatory condition. Such a state is both ineffective and harmful. Reactive oxygen species are important intracellular signaling systems. Additionally, microglial phagocytic activity utilizing short lived reactive oxygen species contribute to the removal of aberrant or dead cells and bacteria. These processes are transformed into an excessive, untargeted, and persistent generation of pro-oxidant free radicals (oxidative stress). The normal efficient neural transmission is modified to a state of undirected, chronic low-level excitatory activity. Each of these changes is characterized by the occurrence of continuous activity that is inefficient and diffused. The signal/noise ratio of several critical biological events is thus reduced as beneficial responses are gradually replaced by their impaired and deleterious variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Bondy
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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18
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Torp MK, Stensløkken KO, Vaage J. When Our Best Friend Becomes Our Worst Enemy: The Mitochondrion in Trauma, Surgery, and Critical Illness. J Intensive Care Med 2024:8850666241237715. [PMID: 38505947 DOI: 10.1177/08850666241237715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Common for major surgery, multitrauma, sepsis, and critical illness, is a whole-body inflammation. Tissue injury is able to trigger a generalized inflammatory reaction. Cell death causes release of endogenous structures termed damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that initiate a sterile inflammation. Mitochondria are evolutionary endosymbionts originating from bacteria, containing molecular patterns similar to bacteria. These molecular patterns are termed mitochondrial DAMPs (mDAMPs). Mitochondrial debris released into the extracellular space or into the circulation is immunogenic and damaging secondary to activation of the innate immune system. In the circulation, released mDAMPS are either free or exist in extracellular vesicles, being able to act on every organ and cell in the body. However, the role of mDAMPs in trauma and critical care is not fully clarified. There is a complete lack of knowledge how they may be counteracted in patients. Among mDAMPs are mitochondrial DNA, cardiolipin, N-formyl peptides, cytochrome C, adenosine triphosphate, reactive oxygen species, succinate, and mitochondrial transcription factor A. In this overview, we present the different mDAMPs, their function, release, targets, and inflammatory potential. In light of present knowledge, the role of mDAMPs in the pathophysiology of major surgery and trauma as well as sepsis, and critical care is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Kristin Torp
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
| | - Kåre-Olav Stensløkken
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Vaage
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Zhang F, Chen J, Luo W, Wen C, Mao W, Yang Y, Liu C, Xu Y, Chen W, Wen L. Mitochondria targeted biomimetic platform for chemo/photodynamic combination therapy against osteosarcoma. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123865. [PMID: 38286195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Clinical treatment for osteosarcoma (OS) is still lacking effective means, and no significant progress in OS treatment have been made in recent years. Single chemotherapy has serious side effects and can produce drug resistance easily, resulting poor therapeutic effect. As a modern and non-invasive treatment form, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used to treat diverse cancers. Chemotherapy in combination with PDT is a particularly efficient antitumor method that could overcome the defects of monotherapies. Since mitochondria is a key subcellular organelle involved in cell apoptosis regulation, targeting tumor cells mitochondria for drug delivery has become an important entry point for anti-tumor therapy. Herein, we rationally designed a core-shell structured biomimetic nanoplatform, i.e., D@SLNP@OSM-IR780, to achieve tumor homologous targeting and mitochondria targeted drug release for chemotherapy combined with PDT against OS. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, D@SLNP@OSM-IR780 exhibited excellent photo-cytotoxicity in vitro. The excellent targeting effect of D@SLNP@OSM-IR780 in tumor tissues produced a tumor inhibition rate of 98.9% in vivo. We further indicated that synergistic chemo-photodynamic effect induced by D@SLNP@OSM-IR780 could activate mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway, along with host immune response and potential photothermal effect. On the whole, D@SLNP@OSM-IR780 is revealed to be a promising platform for OS targeted combination therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Osteoporosis Research Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Jinling East Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaoting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlong Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 17 Hongqi Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutian Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunting Liu
- People's Hospital of Shicheng County, Xihua Middle Road, Qinjiang Town, Ganzhou 342700, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Osteoporosis Research Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijuan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Bertozzi G, Ferrara M, Di Fazio A, Maiese A, Delogu G, Di Fazio N, Tortorella V, La Russa R, Fineschi V. Oxidative Stress in Sepsis: A Focus on Cardiac Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2912. [PMID: 38474158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to analyze post-mortem human cardiac specimens, to verify and evaluate the existence or extent of oxidative stress in subjects whose cause of death has been traced to sepsis, through immunohistological oxidative/nitrosative stress markers. Indeed, in the present study, i-NOS, NOX2, and nitrotyrosine markers were higher expressed in the septic death group when compared to the control group, associated with also a significant increase in 8-OHdG, highlighting the pivotal role of oxidative stress in septic etiopathogenesis. In particular, 70% of cardiomyocyte nuclei from septic death specimens showed positivity for 8-OHdG. Furthermore, intense and massive NOX2-positive myocyte immunoreaction was noticed in the septic group, as nitrotyrosine immunostaining intense reaction was found in the cardiac cells. These results demonstrated a correlation between oxidative and nitrosative stress imbalance and the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction documented in cases of sepsis. Therefore, subsequent studies will focus on the expression of oxidative stress markers in other organs and tissues, as well as on the involvement of the intracellular pattern of apoptosis, to better clarify the complex pathogenesis of multi-organ failure, leading to support the rationale for including therapies targeting redox abnormalities in the management of septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michela Ferrara
- SIC Medicina Legale, Via Potito Petrone, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Di Fazio
- SIC Medicina Legale, Via Potito Petrone, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Aniello Maiese
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delogu
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Fazio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Tortorella
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele La Russa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environment Science, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fineschi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00185 Rome, Italy
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21
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Wang H, Ye J, Peng Y, Ma W, Chen H, Sun H, Feng Z, He W, Li G, Chu S, Zhang Z, Chen N. CKLF induces microglial activation via triggering defective mitophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction. Autophagy 2024; 20:590-613. [PMID: 37908119 PMCID: PMC10936627 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2276639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although microglial activation is induced by an increase in chemokines, the role of mitophagy in this process remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of microglial mitophagy in CKLF/CKLF1 (chemokine-like factor 1)-induced microglial activation and neuroinflammation, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms following CKLF treatment. This study determined that CKLF, an inducible chemokine in the brain, leads to an increase in mitophagy markers, such as DNM1L, PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1), PRKN, and OPTN, along with a simultaneous increase in autophagosome formation, as evidenced by elevated levels of BECN1 and MAP1LC3B (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta)-II. However, SQSTM1, a substrate of autophagy, was also accumulated by CKLF treatment, suggesting that mitophagy flux was reduced and mitophagosomes accumulated. These findings were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. The defective mitophagy observed in our study was caused by impaired lysosomal function, including mitophagosome-lysosome fusion, lysosome generation, and acidification, resulting in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria in microglial cells. Further analysis revealed that pharmacological blocking or gene-silencing of mitophagy inhibited CKLF-mediated microglial activation, as evidenced by the expression of the microglial marker AIF1 (allograft inflammatory factor 1) and the mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines (Tnf and Il6). Ultimately, defective mitophagy induced by CKLF results in microglial activation, as observed in the brains of adult mice. In summary, CKLF induces defective mitophagy, microglial activation, and inflammation, providing a potential approach for treating neuroinflammatory diseases.Abbreviation: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AIF1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; ANOVA: analysis of variance; BAF: bafilomycin A1; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone; cGAMP: cyclic GMP-AMP; CGAS: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; CKLF/CKLF1: chemokine-like factor 1; CNS: central nervous system; DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium; DNM1L: dynamin 1 like; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP: green fluorescence protein; IRF3: interferon regulatory factor 3; IgG: immunoglobulin G; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LAPTM4A: lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 4A; MAP1LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; Mdivi-1: mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; mRFP: monomeric red fluorescent protein; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; OPTN: optineurin; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PINK1: PTEN induced putative kinase 1; PLL: poly-L-lysine; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; qPCR: quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TBK1: TANK-binding kinase 1; TFEB: transcription factor EB; VDAC: voltage-dependent anion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junrui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongshuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhongping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wenbin He
- National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Graduate school, Inner Mongolian Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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22
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Gurubaran IS. Mitochondrial damage and clearance in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102 Suppl 282:3-53. [PMID: 38467968 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating eye disease that causes permanent vision loss in the central part of the retina, known as the macula. Patients with such severe visual loss face a reduced quality of life and are at a 1.5 times greater risk of death compared to the general population. Currently, there is no cure for or effective treatment for dry AMD. There are several mechanisms thought to underlie the disease, for example, ageing-associated chronic oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, harmful protein aggregation and inflammation. As a way of gaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind AMD and thus developing new therapies, we have created a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (PGC1α/NFE2L2) double-knockout (dKO) mouse model that mimics many of the clinical features of dry AMD, including elevated levels of oxidative stress markers, damaged mitochondria, accumulating lysosomal lipofuscin and extracellular drusen-like structures in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). In addition, a human RPE cell-based model was established to examine the impact of non-functional intracellular clearance systems on inflammasome activation. In this study, we found that there was a disturbance in the autolysosomal machinery responsible for clearing mitochondria in the RPE cells of one-year-old PGC1α/NFE2L2-deficient mice. The confocal immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in autophagosome marker microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) as well as multiple mitophagy markers such as PTE-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and E3 ubiquitin ligase (PARKIN), along with signs of damaged mitochondria. However, no increase in autolysosome formation was detected, nor was there a colocalization of the lysosomal marker LAMP2 or the mitochondrial marker, ATP synthase β. There was an upregulation of late autolysosomal fusion Ras-related protein (Rab7) in the perinuclear space of RPE cells, together with autofluorescent aggregates. Additionally, we observed an increase in the numbers of Toll-like receptors 3 and 9, while those of NOD-like receptor 3 were decreased in PGC1α/NFE2L2 dKO retinal specimens compared to wild-type animals. There was a trend towards increased complement component C5a and increased involvement of the serine protease enzyme, thrombin, in enhancing the terminal pathway producing C5a, independent of C3. The levels of primary acute phase C-reactive protein and receptor for advanced glycation end products were also increased in the PGC1α/NFE2L2 dKO retina. Furthermore, selective proteasome inhibition with epoxomicin promoted both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and mitochondrial-mediated oxidative stress, leading to the release of mitochondrial DNA to the cytosol, resulting in potassium efflux-dependent activation of the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome and the subsequent secretion of interleukin-1β in ARPE-19 cells. In conclusion, the data suggest that there is at least a relative decrease in mitophagy, increases in the amounts of C5 and thrombin and decreased C3 levels in this dry AMD-like model. Moreover, selective proteasome inhibition evoked mitochondrial damage and AIM2 inflammasome activation in ARPE-19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iswariyaraja Sridevi Gurubaran
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Medicine Unit, University of Eastern Finland Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kuopio, Northern Savonia, Finland
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23
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Tan M, Mao J, Zheng J, Meng Y, Li J, Hao J, Shen H. Mammalian STE20-like kinase 1 inhibits synoviocytes activation in rheumatoid arthritis through mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by SIRT3/mTOR axis. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:415-432. [PMID: 38265688 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian STE20-like kinase 1 (MST1) is involved in the occurrence of cancer and autoimmune diseases by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other functions. However, its role and downstream targets in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain unclear. METHODS The model of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs) overexpressing MST1 was constructed by lentiviral transfection in vitro and analyzed the effects of MST1 on apoptosis, migration, invasion, and inflammation of RA-FLSs. The effect of MST1 on joint synovial membrane inflammation and bone destruction was observed in vivo by establishing a rat model of arthritis with complete Freund's adjuvant. RESULTS MST1 is down-regulated in RA-FLSs, and up-regulation of MST1 inhibits the survival, migration, invasion and inflammation of RA-FLSs. Mechanistically, MST1 inhibits SIRT3/mTOR-signaling pathway, inducing decreased mitochondrial autophagy and increased mitochondrial fission, resulting in mitochondrial morphological abnormalities and dysfunction, and ultimately increased apoptosis. We have observed that activation of MST1 alleviates synovial inflammation and bone erosion in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MST1 reduces the survival, migration, invasion and inflammation of FLSs by inhibiting the SIRT3/mTOR axis to reduce mitochondrial autophagy and promote mitochondrial division, thereby achieving the potential role of relieving rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cui Ying Men Street, Lanzhou City, 730030, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cui Ying Men Street, Lanzhou City, 730030, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxiong Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cui Ying Men Street, Lanzhou City, 730030, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Pain, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cui Ying Men Street, Lanzhou City, 730030, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayao Hao
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cui Ying Men Street, Lanzhou City, 730030, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haili Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82, Cui Ying Men Street, Lanzhou City, 730030, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Kisielewska M, Rakoczy K, Skowron I, Górczyńska J, Kacer J, Bocheńska A, Choromańska A. Utilizing Extracellular Vesicles for Eliminating 'Unwanted Molecules': Harnessing Nature's Structures in Modern Therapeutic Strategies. Molecules 2024; 29:948. [PMID: 38474460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small phospholipid bilayer-bond structures released by diverse cell types into the extracellular environment, maintaining homeostasis of the cell by balancing cellular stress. This article provides a comprehensive overview of extracellular vesicles, their heterogeneity, and diversified roles in cellular processes, emphasizing their importance in the elimination of unwanted molecules. They play a role in regulating oxidative stress, particularly by discarding oxidized toxic molecules. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum stress induces the release of EVs, contributing to distinct results, including autophagy or ER stress transmission to following cells. ER stress-induced autophagy is a part of unfolded protein response (UPR) and protects cells from ER stress-related apoptosis. Mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) also play a role in maintaining homeostasis, as they carry damaged mitochondrial components, thereby preventing inflammation. Moreover, EVs partake in regulating aging-related processes, and therefore they can potentially play a crucial role in anti-aging therapies, including the treatment of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or cardiovascular conditions. Overall, the purpose of this article is to provide a better understanding of EVs as significant mediators in both physiological and pathological processes, and to shed light on their potential for therapeutic interventions targeting EV-mediated pathways in various pathological conditions, with an emphasis on age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Rakoczy
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Skowron
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Górczyńska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Kacer
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Bocheńska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Choromańska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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25
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Heil M. Self-DNA driven inflammation in COVID-19 and after mRNA-based vaccination: lessons for non-COVID-19 pathologies. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1259879. [PMID: 38439942 PMCID: PMC10910434 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic triggered an unprecedented concentration of economic and research efforts to generate knowledge at unequalled speed on deregulated interferon type I signalling and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB)-driven interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18 secretion causing cytokine storms. The translation of the knowledge on how the resulting systemic inflammation can lead to life-threatening complications into novel treatments and vaccine technologies is underway. Nevertheless, previously existing knowledge on the role of cytoplasmatic or circulating self-DNA as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) was largely ignored. Pathologies reported 'de novo' for patients infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 to be outcomes of self-DNA-driven inflammation in fact had been linked earlier to self-DNA in different contexts, e.g., the infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1, sterile inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. I highlight particularly how synergies with other DAMPs can render immunogenic properties to normally non-immunogenic extracellular self-DNA, and I discuss the shared features of the gp41 unit of the HIV-1 envelope protein and the SARS-CoV 2 Spike protein that enable HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 to interact with cell or nuclear membranes, trigger syncytia formation, inflict damage to their host's DNA, and trigger inflammation - likely for their own benefit. These similarities motivate speculations that similar mechanisms to those driven by gp41 can explain how inflammatory self-DNA contributes to some of most frequent adverse events after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer/BioNTech) or the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine, i.e., myocarditis, herpes zoster, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune nephritis or hepatitis, new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, and flare-ups of psoriasis or lupus. The hope is to motivate a wider application of the lessons learned from the experiences with COVID-19 and the new mRNA vaccines to combat future non-COVID-19 diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Heil
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Laboratorio de Ecología de Plantas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV)-Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Mexico
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26
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Zhang X, Wang F, Su Y. TRPV: An emerging target in glaucoma and optic nerve damage. Exp Eye Res 2024; 239:109784. [PMID: 38199261 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels are members of the TRP channel superfamily, which are ion channels that sense mechanical and osmotic stimuli and participate in Ca2+ signalling across the cell membrane. TRPV channels play important roles in maintaining the normal functions of an organism, and defects or abnormalities in TRPV channel function cause a range of diseases, including cardiovascular, neurological and urological disorders. Glaucoma is a group of chronic progressive optic nerve diseases with pathological changes that can occur in the tissues of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, including the ciliary body, trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, and retina. TRPV channels are expressed in these tissues and play various roles in glaucoma. In this article, we review various aspects of the pathogenesis of glaucoma, the structure and function of TRPV channels, the relationship between TRPV channels and systemic diseases, and the relationship between TRPV channels and ocular diseases, especially glaucoma, and we suggest future research directions. This information will help to further our understanding of TRPV channels and provide new ideas and targets for the treatment of glaucoma and optic nerve damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Ying Su
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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27
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Kim GH, Jeong HJ, Lee YJ, Park HY, Koo SK, Lim JH. Vitamin D ameliorates age-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by increasing the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) 60 level. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:142-155. [PMID: 38172593 PMCID: PMC10834941 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease. Despite intensive research, considerable information on NAFLD development remains elusive. In this study, we examined the effects of vitamin D on age-induced NAFLD, especially in connection with mitochondrial abnormalities. We observed the prevention of NAFLD in 22-month-old C57BL/6 mice fed a vitamin D3-supplemented (20,000 IU/kg) diet compared with mice fed a control (1000 IU/kg) diet. We evaluated whether vitamin D3 supplementation enhanced mitochondrial functions. We found that the level of mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) 60 (Mic60) level was reduced in aged mice, and this reduction was specifically restored by vitamin D3. In addition, depletion of Immt, the human gene encoding the Mic60 protein, induced changes in gene expression patterns that led to fat accumulation in both HepG2 and primary hepatocytes, and these alterations were effectively prevented by vitamin D3. In addition, silencing of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) decreased the Mic60 levels, which were recovered by vitamin D treatment. To assess whether VDR directly regulates Mic60 levels, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter gene analysis. We discovered that VDR directly binds to the Immt 5' promoter region spanning positions -3157 to -2323 and thereby upregulates Mic60. Our study provides the first demonstration that a reduction in Mic60 levels due to aging may be one of the mechanisms underlying the development of aging-associated NAFLD. In addition, vitamin D3 could positively regulate Mic60 expression, and this may be one of the important mechanisms by which vitamin D could ameliorate age-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ju Jeong
- Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jeong Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Young Park
- Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Koo
- Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Lim
- Division of Endocrine and Kidney Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Li DCW, Rudloff S, Langer HT, Norman K, Herpich C. Age-Associated Differences in Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage. Cells 2024; 13:255. [PMID: 38334647 PMCID: PMC10854791 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the intricate mechanisms governing the cellular response to resistance exercise is paramount for promoting healthy aging. This narrative review explored the age-related alterations in recovery from resistance exercise, focusing on the nuanced aspects of exercise-induced muscle damage in older adults. Due to the limited number of studies in older adults that attempt to delineate age differences in muscle discovery, we delve into the multifaceted cellular influences of chronic low-grade inflammation, modifications in the extracellular matrix, and the role of lipid mediators in shaping the recovery landscape in aging skeletal muscle. From our literature search, it is evident that aged muscle displays delayed, prolonged, and inefficient recovery. These changes can be attributed to anabolic resistance, the stiffening of the extracellular matrix, mitochondrial dysfunction, and unresolved inflammation as well as alterations in satellite cell function. Collectively, these age-related impairments may impact subsequent adaptations to resistance exercise. Insights gleaned from this exploration may inform targeted interventions aimed at enhancing the efficacy of resistance training programs tailored to the specific needs of older adults, ultimately fostering healthy aging and preserving functional independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Ching Wah Li
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Stefan Rudloff
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Kristina Norman
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13347 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Catrin Herpich
- Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Geriatrics and Medical Gerontology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13347 Berlin, Germany
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Yu F, Ma C, Jin X, Zhao H, Xiao J, Li L, Song S, Xie X, Yang S, Tang Y, Wang L, Zhang F. Mitochondrial disturbance related to increased caspase-1 of CD4 +T cells in HIV-1 infection. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:129. [PMID: 38267841 PMCID: PMC10809604 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In HIV-1 infection, more than 95% of CD4+T cells die of caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis. What governs the increased susceptibility of CD4+T cells to pyroptosis is poorly understood. METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 31 untreated HIV-infected patients (UNT), 29 antiretroviral therapy treated HIV-infected patients (ART), and 21 healthy control donors (HD). Plasma levels of IL-18 and IL-1β, caspase-1 expression, mitochondrial mass (MM) and mitochondrial fusion/fisson genes of CD4+T subsets were measured. RESULTS A significantly higher IL-18 level in plasma and MM level of CD4+T cells were found in HIV-infected patients (UNT and ART) compared to HD, and the MMhigh phenotype was manifested, related to increased caspase-1 expression. Moreover, the increased MM was more pronounced in the early differentiated and inactivated CD4+T cells. However, higher MM was not intrinsically linked to T cell differentiation disorder or excessive activation of the CD4+T cells. Mechanistically, the increased MM was significantly correlated with an elevated level of expression of the mitochondrial fusion gene mitofusin1. CONCLUSION An increase in MM was associated with heightened sensitivity of CD4+T cells to pyroptosis, even in early differentiated and inactivated CD4+T cells, in patients with HIV-1 infection, regardless of whether patients were on antiretroviral therapy or not. These new revelations have uncovered a previously unappreciated challenge to immune reconstitution with antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengting Yu
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjie Ma
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Jin
- Human Viral Diseases and Vaccine Translation Research Unit, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxin Zhao
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shujing Song
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Ditan Teaching, Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxia Tang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linghang Wang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fujie Zhang
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Clinical Center for HIV/AIDS, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Perez-Araluce M, Jüngst T, Sanmartin C, Prosper F, Plano D, Mazo MM. Biomaterials-Based Antioxidant Strategies for the Treatment of Oxidative Stress Diseases. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:23. [PMID: 38248597 PMCID: PMC10813727 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species or a decrease in antioxidants in the body. This imbalance leads to detrimental effects, including inflammation and multiple chronic diseases, ranging from impaired wound healing to highly impacting pathologies in the neural and cardiovascular systems, or the bone, amongst others. However, supplying compounds with antioxidant activity is hampered by their low bioavailability. The development of biomaterials with antioxidant capacity is poised to overcome this roadblock. Moreover, in the treatment of chronic inflammation, material-based strategies would allow the controlled and targeted release of antioxidants into the affected tissue. In this review, we revise the main causes and effects of oxidative stress, and survey antioxidant biomaterials used for the treatment of chronic wounds, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases (focusing on cardiac infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis) and osteoporosis. We anticipate that these developments will lead to the emergence of new technologies for tissue engineering, control of oxidative stress and prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez-Araluce
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Enabling Technologies Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Tomasz Jüngst
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC) CB16/12/00489, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Cancer Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Manuel M. Mazo
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Enabling Technologies Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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Mizuno G, Yamada H, Tsuboi Y, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Kageyama I, Nouchi Y, Teshigawara A, Hattori Y, Fujii R, Ishikawa H, Hashimoto S, Ohashi K, Hamajima N, Suzuki K. Low mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with future mortality risk: a long-term follow-up study from Japan. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100013. [PMID: 38267162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2023.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is unique and circular with multiple copies of the genome. The lower mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) in leukocytes is associated with the risk of all-cause mortality. However, its long-term association is unknown. Thus, the study examined the association between mtDNA-CN and the risk of all-cause mortality in a long-term follow-up study in the Japanese population. DESIGN This longitudinal study included the study cohort from an annual, population-based health checkup in the town of Yakumo, Hokkaido, Japan. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 814 participants (baseline age range: 38-80 years, mean: 56.3 years) were included in this study in 1990. They were followed-up regarding mortality for about 30 years (median: 28.1 years) till 2019. MEASURES The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the mtDNA-CN was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The level of the mtDNA-CN was divided into tertiles (low, middle, and high). The participants were categorized based on their age into middle-aged (<60 years old) or old-aged (≥60 years old). Survival analysis was performed for tertile of mtDNA-CN and compared using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to assess the association between mtDNA-CN and all-cause mortality. The model adjusted with age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, exercise habit, and education level. RESULTS The low levels of mtDNA-CN resulted in a significant decrease in cumulative survival rate (P < 0.05). The risk of mortality was significantly higher in the middle-aged cohort when mtDNA-CN levels were low (hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 1.98 [1.10-3.56]). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that leukocyte mtDNA-CN is associated with future mortality risk. Our study findings may lead to further research on the early prediction of mortality and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Mizuno
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, 5-23-22 Nishi-Kamata, Ota, Tokyo, 144-8535, Japan; Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1 Hara, Mure-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kageyama
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Nouchi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teshigawara
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuji Hattori
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
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Mangrulkar SV, Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Upaganlawar AB, Taksande BG, Umekar MJ, Anwer MK, Dailah HG, Mohan S, Behl T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Signaling Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Major Neurodegenerative Disease. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:708-729. [PMID: 37162686 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are incurable and the most prevalent cognitive and motor disorders of elderly. Mitochondria are essential for a wide range of cellular processes playing a pivotal role in a number of cellular functions like metabolism, intracellular signaling, apoptosis, and immunity. A plethora of evidence indicates the central role of mitochondrial functions in pathogenesis of many aging related NDD. Considering how mitochondria function in neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress, and mutations in mtDNA both contribute to aging. Many substantial reports suggested the involvement of numerous contributing factors including, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitophagy, accumulation of somatic mtDNA mutations, compromised mitochondrial dynamics, and transport within axons in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Therapies therefore target fundamental mitochondrial processes such as energy metabolism, free-radical generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial redox state, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial quality control, and metabolism hold great promise to develop pharmacological based therapies in NDD. By emphasizing the most efficient pharmacological strategies to target dysfunction of mitochondria in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, this review serves the scientific community engaged in translational medical science by focusing on the establishment of novel, mitochondria-targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Shantabai Patil College of Diploma in Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashta, India
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Yi T, Yuan J, Wen W, Jian Y. Mitochondrial transplantation inhibits cholangiocarcinoma cells growth by balancing oxidative stress tolerance through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102243. [PMID: 37865041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious threat to human health, and tumor development is associated with abnormal mitochondrial function. It is believed that the introduction of healthy mitochondria into tumor cells can induce the oxidative stress in tumor cells to return to normal levels, thus exerting an inhibitory effect on tumor growth. METHODS Mitochondria isolated from 143BρW cells were co-cultured with HuCCT1 cells, and the mitochondria were stained with MitoTracker dye as a tracking label. Changes in apoptosis, proliferation, oxidative stress, and PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were assessed. In addition, a CCA nude mouse transplantation tumor model was constructed to analyze the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on the above factors in nude mice. Furthermore, the expression of PTEN was interfered to observe the effect and mechanism of mitochondrial transplantation on the proliferation and apoptosis of CCA cells. RESULTS Mitochondrial transplantation promoted apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation in CCA cell line. SOD, GSH, and CAT activities were significantly increased, the expression of PTEN was activated, and the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT were inhibited after mitochondrial transplantation. After mitochondrial transplantation + si-PTEN treatment, cell apoptosis, SOD, GSH, CAT activity, and the expression of PTEN were decreased, while the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT were significantly enhanced. CONCLUSION This study reveals the anti-tumor potential of mitochondrial transplantation through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to regulate cellular oxidative stress in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wu Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Jian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Liang J, Wei X, Hou W, Wang H, Ma R, Gao Y, Du Y, Zhang Q. Liver metabolomics reveals potential mechanism of Jieduan-Niwan formula against acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) by improving mitochondrial damage and TCA cycle. Chin Med 2023; 18:157. [PMID: 38037150 PMCID: PMC10691013 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a refractory disease with high mortality, which is characterized by a pathophysiological process of inflammation-related dysfunction of energy metabolism. Jieduan-Niwan formula (JDNWF) is a eutherapeutic Chinese medicine formula for ACLF. However, the intrinsic mechanism of its anti-ACLF effect still need to be studied systematically. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of JDNWF against ACLF based on altered substance metabolic profile in ACLF the expression levels of related molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical characteristics of JDNWF were characterized using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Wistar rats subjected to a long-term CCL4 stimulation followed by a combination of an acute attack with LPS/D-GalN were used to establish the ACLF model. Liver metabolites were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and multivariate analysis. Liver function, coagulation function, histopathology, mitochondrial metabolic enzyme activity and mitochondrial damage markers were evaluated. The protein expression of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) was investigated by western blot. RESULTS Liver function, coagulation function, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial enzyme activity were significantly improved by JDNWF. 108 metabolites are considered as biomarkers of JDNWF in treating ACLF, which were closely related to TCA cycle. It was further suggested that JDNWF alleviated mitochondrial damage and MQC may be potential mechanism of JDNWF improving mitochondrial function. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics revealed that TCA cycle was impaired in ACLF rats, and JDNWF had a regulatory effect on it. The potential mechanism may be improving the mitochondrial function through MQC pathway, thus restoring energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Weixin Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hanjing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ruimin Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yuqiong Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Qiuyun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Li W, Zhu L, Chen Y, Zhuo Y, Wan S, Guo R. Association between mitochondrial DNA levels and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:866. [PMID: 37993802 PMCID: PMC10664364 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction leading to disturbances in energy metabolism has emerged as one of the risk factors in the pathogenesis of depression. Numerous studies have identified alterations in the content of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with depression. Researchers have sought to establish a clear association between mtDNA and depression. Consequently, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the existing evidence regarding the impact of mtDNA on depression. METHODS This study conducted a thorough search of the following databases up to March 13, 2023: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, Wanfang Database, SINOMED, the China Science and Technology Journal Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan (version 5.4) and Stata (version 16.0) software. In addition, publication bias was assessed with funnel plots, Begg's test and Egger's test. RESULTS Our analysis included data from 10 articles, including 12 studies for further examination. A total of 1400 participants were included in this study, comprising 709 (including 300 males and 409 females) patients with depression and 691 (including 303 males and 388 females) healthy controls. The average age of depressed patients was (42.98 ± 2.55) years, and the average age of healthy people was (41.71 ± 2.6) years. The scales used to assess outcomes are Hamilton-rating scale for Depression(4 articles), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(3 articles), and Mini-Internatioal Neuropsychiatric Interview (1 articles). The meta-analysis revealed significantly higher levels of mtDNA in circulating blood samples and skin fibroblasts of individuals with depression in comparison to healthy controls [standardized mean difference(SMD) = 0.42, 95% confidence intervals(CI): 0.16, 0.67]. CONCLUSIONS Our study concludes that there is a significant (p < 0.05) increase in mtDNA levels in serum, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid in individuals with depression. These findings suggest that mtDNA could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosing depression. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42023414285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Lingqun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yudi Zhuo
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shurun Wan
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Rongjuan Guo
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
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Liao T, Xiong L, Wang X, Yang S, Liang Z. Mitochondrial disorders as a mechanism for the development of obese Sarcopenia. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:224. [PMID: 37926816 PMCID: PMC10626707 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obese sarcopenia is a severe and prevalent disease in an aging society. Compared to sarcopenia alone, the development and advanced stage of obesity sarcopenia is faster and more severe. Diagnosis of the cause of adipocyte accumulation is also more complicated; however, no effective pharmacological treatment is available. Chronic inflammation is one of the causes of sarcopenia, and obese patients, who are more likely to develop chronic inflammation, may simultaneously suffer from obesity and sarcopenia. Mitochondrial metabolic disorders have been more easily observed in the tissue cells of patients with obesity and sarcopenia. Mitochondrial metabolic disorders include abnormal mtDNA release, mitochondrial autophagy, and dynamic mitochondrial disorders. Therefore, this review will reveal the mechanism of development of obesity myasthenia gravis from the perspective of mitochondria and discuss the currently existing small-molecule drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Liao
- School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijiao Xiong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohao Wang
- School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhen Liang
- School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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Winans T, Oaks Z, Choudhary G, Patel A, Huang N, Faludi T, Krakko D, Nolan J, Lewis J, Blair S, Lai Z, Landas SK, Middleton F, Asara JM, Chung SK, Wyman B, Azadi P, Banki K, Perl A. mTOR-dependent loss of PON1 secretion and antiphospholipid autoantibody production underlie autoimmunity-mediated cirrhosis in transaldolase deficiency. J Autoimmun 2023; 140:103112. [PMID: 37742509 PMCID: PMC10957505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Transaldolase deficiency predisposes to chronic liver disease progressing from cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transition from cirrhosis to hepatocarcinogenesis depends on mitochondrial oxidative stress, as controlled by cytosolic aldose metabolism through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Progression to HCC is critically dependent on NADPH depletion and polyol buildup by aldose reductase (AR), while this enzyme protects from carbon trapping in the PPP and growth restriction in TAL deficiency. Although AR inactivation blocked susceptibility to hepatocarcinogenesis, it enhanced growth restriction, carbon trapping in the non-oxidative branch of the PPP and failed to reverse the depletion of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and liver cirrhosis. Here, we show that inactivation of the TAL-AR axis results in metabolic stress characterized by reduced mitophagy, enhanced overall autophagy, activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), diminished glycosylation and secretion of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), production of antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPL), loss of CD161+ NK cells, and expansion of CD38+ Ito cells, which are responsive to treatment with rapamycin in vivo. The present study thus identifies glycosylation and secretion of PON1 and aPL production as mTOR-dependent regulatory checkpoints of autoimmunity underlying liver cirrhosis in TAL deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Winans
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Z Oaks
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - G Choudhary
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - A Patel
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - N Huang
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - T Faludi
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - D Krakko
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J Nolan
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J Lewis
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Sarah Blair
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Z Lai
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - S K Landas
- Departments of Pathology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - F Middleton
- Departments of Neuroscience, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S K Chung
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - B Wyman
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - P Azadi
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - K Banki
- Departments of Pathology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - A Perl
- Departments of Medicine, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Norton College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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Ge T, Ning B, Wu Y, Chen X, Qi H, Wang H, Zhao M. MicroRNA-specific therapeutic targets and biomarkers of apoptosis following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04876-z. [PMID: 37878166 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are single-stranded non-coding RNAs that participate in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, it is involved in the regulation of apoptosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. For example, the alteration of mitochondrial structure is facilitated by MicroRNA-1 through the regulation of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and Bcl-2, thereby mitigating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MicroRNA-21 not only modulates the expression of NF-κB to suppress inflammatory signals but also activates the PI3K/AKT pathway to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Overexpression of MicroRNA-133 attenuates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and suppressed the oxidative stress response, thereby mitigating cellular apoptosis. MicroRNA-139 modulates the extrinsic death signal of Fas, while MicroRNA-145 regulates endoplasmic reticulum calcium overload, both of which exert regulatory effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Therefore, the article categorizes the molecular mechanisms based on the three classical pathways and multiple signaling pathways of apoptosis. It summarizes the targets and pathways of MicroRNA therapy for ischemia-reperfusion injury and analyzes future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ge
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Bo Ning
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yongqing Wu
- School of Graduate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Hongfei Qi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1 Middle Section of Shiji Avenue, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Deputy 2, Weiyang West Road, Weicheng District, Xianyang, 712000, China.
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Maurmann RM, Schmitt BL, Mosalmanzadeh N, Pence BD. Mitochondrial dysfunction at the cornerstone of inflammatory exacerbation in aged macrophages. EXPLORATION OF IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 3:442-452. [PMID: 38831878 PMCID: PMC11147369 DOI: 10.37349/ei.2023.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunosenescence encompasses multiple age-related adaptations that result in increased susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammatory disorders, and higher mortality risk. Macrophages are key innate cells implicated in inflammatory responses and tissue homeostasis, functions progressively compromised by aging. This process coincides with declining mitochondrial physiology, whose integrity is required to sustain and orchestrate immune responses. Indeed, multiple insults observed in aged macrophages have been implied as drivers of mitochondrial dysfunction, but how this translates into impaired immune function remains sparsely explored. This review provides a perspective on recent studies elucidating the underlying mechanisms linking dysregulated mitochondria homeostasis to immune function in aged macrophages. Genomic stress alongside defective mitochondrial turnover accounted for the progressive accumulation of damaged mitochondria in aged macrophages, thus resulting in a higher susceptibility to excessive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Increased levels of these mitochondrial products following infection were demonstrated to contribute to exacerbated inflammatory responses mediated by overstimulation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and cyclic GMP-ATP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathways. While these mechanisms are not fully elucidated, the present evidence provides a promising area to be explored and a renewed perspective of potential therapeutic targets for immunological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Negin Mosalmanzadeh
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, 38152, USA
| | - Brandt D. Pence
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, 38152, USA
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Carlson DM, Yarns BC. Managing medical and psychiatric multimorbidity in older patients. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2023; 13:20451253231195274. [PMID: 37663084 PMCID: PMC10469275 DOI: 10.1177/20451253231195274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging increases susceptibility both to psychiatric and medical disorders through a variety of processes ranging from biochemical to pharmacologic to societal. Interactions between aging-related brain changes, emotional and psychological symptoms, and social factors contribute to multimorbidity - the presence of two or more chronic conditions in an individual - which requires a more patient-centered, holistic approach than used in traditional single-disease treatment guidelines. Optimal treatment of older adults with psychiatric and medical multimorbidity necessitates an appreciation and understanding of the links between biological, psychological, and social factors - including trauma and racism - that underlie physical and psychiatric multimorbidity in older adults, all of which are the topic of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Carlson
- Department of Psychiatry/Mental Health, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brandon C. Yarns
- Department of Psychiatry/Mental Health, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Bldg. 401, Rm. A236, Mail Code 116AE, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
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41
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Picca A, Guerra F, Calvani R, Romano R, Coelho-Junior HJ, Bucci C, Leeuwenburgh C, Marzetti E. Mitochondrial-derived vesicles in skeletal muscle remodeling and adaptation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 143:37-45. [PMID: 35367122 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial remodeling is crucial to meet the bioenergetic demand to support muscle contractile activity during daily tasks and muscle regeneration following injury. A set of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy, are in place to maintain a well-functioning mitochondrial network and support muscle regeneration. Alterations in any of these pathways compromises mitochondrial quality and may potentially lead to impaired myogenesis, defective muscle regeneration, and ultimately loss of muscle function. Among MQC processes, mitophagy has gained special attention for its implication in the clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria via crosstalk with the endo-lysosomal system, a major cell degradative route. Along this pathway, additional opportunities for mitochondrial disposal have been identified that may also signal at the systemic level. This communication occurs via inclusion of mitochondrial components within membranous shuttles named mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs). Here, we discuss MDV generation and release as a mitophagy-complementing route for the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis in skeletal myocytes. We also illustrate the possible role of muscle-derived MDVs in immune signaling during muscle remodeling and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, Division of Biology of Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Rome, Italy.
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Camps J, Iftimie S, Arenas M, Castañé H, Jiménez-Franco A, Castro A, Joven J. Paraoxonase-1: How a xenobiotic detoxifying enzyme has become an actor in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 380:110553. [PMID: 37201624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Both infectious and non-infectious diseases can share common molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress and inflammation. External factors, such as bacterial or viral infections, excessive calorie intake, inadequate nutrients, or environmental factors, can cause metabolic disorders, resulting in an imbalance between free radical production and natural antioxidant systems. These factors may lead to the production of free radicals that can oxidize lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, causing metabolic alterations that influence the pathogenesis of the disease. The relationship between oxidation and inflammation is crucial, as they both contribute to the development of cellular pathology. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a vital enzyme in regulating these processes. PON1 is an enzyme that is bound to high-density lipoproteins and protects the organism against oxidative stress and toxic substances. It breaks down lipid peroxides in lipoproteins and cells, enhances the protection of high-density lipoproteins against different infectious agents, and is a critical component of the innate immune system. Impaired PON1 function can affect cellular homeostasis pathways and cause metabolically driven chronic inflammatory states. Therefore, understanding these relationships can help to improve treatments and identify new therapeutic targets. This review also examines the advantages and disadvantages of measuring serum PON1 levels in clinical settings, providing insight into the potential clinical use of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meritxell Arenas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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43
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Feng Z, Jin M, Liang J, Kang J, Yang H, Guo S, Sun X. Insight into the effect of biomaterials on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: A review from a mitochondrial perspective. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:1-14. [PMID: 36972808 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone damage may be triggered by a variety of factors, and the damaged area often requires a bone graft. Bone tissue engineering can serve as an alternative strategy for repairing large bone defects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the progenitor cells of connective tissue, have become an important tool for tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types. The precise regulation of the growth and differentiation of the stem cells used for bone regeneration significantly affects the efficiency of this type of tissue engineering. During the process of osteogenic induction, the dynamics and function of localized mitochondria are altered. These changes may also alter the microenvironment of the therapeutic stem cells and result in mitochondria transfer. Mitochondrial regulation not only affects the induction/rate of differentiation, but also influences its direction, determining the final identity of the differentiated cell. To date, bone tissue engineering research has mainly focused on the influence of biomaterials on phenotype and nuclear genotype, with few studies investigating the role of mitochondria. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of researches into the role of mitochondria in MSCs differentiation and critical analysis regarding smart biomaterials that are able to "programme" mitochondria modulation was proposed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : • This review proposed the precise regulation of the growth and differentiation of the stem cells used to seed bone regeneration. • This review addressed the dynamics and function of localized mitochondria during the process of osteogenic induction and the effect of mitochondria on the microenvironment of stem cells. • This review summarized biomaterials which affect the induction/rate of differentiation, but also influences its direction, determining the final identity of the differentiated cell through the regulation of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Junzhi Liang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Junning Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002 Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
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Ryan KM, Doody E, McLoughlin DM. Whole blood mitochondrial DNA copy number in depression and response to electroconvulsive therapy. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 121:110656. [PMID: 36216200 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in various psychiatric conditions. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), the ratio of mitochondrial DNA to nuclear DNA, represents an attractive marker of mitochondrial health that is easily measured from stored DNA samples, and has been shown to be altered in depression. In this study, we measured mtDNAcn in whole blood samples from medicated patients with depression (n = 100) compared to healthy controls (n = 89) and determined the relationship between mtDNAcn and depression severity and the therapeutic response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We also explored the relationship between mtDNAcn and telomere length and inflammatory markers. Our results show that mtDNAcn was significantly elevated in blood from patients with depression when compared to control samples, and this result survived statistical adjustment for potential confounders (p = 0.002). mtDNAcn was significantly elevated in blood from subgroups of patients with non-psychotic or unipolar depression. There was no difference in mtDNAcn noted in subgroups of ECT remitters/non-remitters or responders/non-responders. Moreover, mtDNAcn was not associated with depression severity, telomere length, or circulating inflammatory marker concentrations. Overall, our results show that mtDNAcn is elevated in blood from patients with depression, though whether this translates to mitochondrial function is unknown. Further work is required to clarify the contribution of mitochondria and mtDNA to the pathophysiology of depression and the therapeutic response to antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ryan
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, St. Patrick's University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Eimear Doody
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Patrick's University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Declan M McLoughlin
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, St. Patrick's University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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45
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Lu S, Dai Z, Cui Y, Kong DM. Recent Development of Advanced Fluorescent Molecular Probes for Organelle-Targeted Cell Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:360. [PMID: 36979572 PMCID: PMC10046058 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent molecular probes are very powerful tools that have been generally applied in cell imaging in the research fields of biology, pathology, pharmacology, biochemistry, and medical science. In the last couple of decades, numerous molecular probes endowed with high specificity to particular organelles have been designed to illustrate intracellular images in more detail at the subcellular level. Nowadays, the development of cell biology has enabled the investigation process to go deeply into cells, even at the molecular level. Therefore, probes that can sketch a particular organelle's location while responding to certain parameters to evaluate intracellular bioprocesses are under urgent demand. It is significant to understand the basic ideas of organelle properties, as well as the vital substances related to each unique organelle, for the design of probes with high specificity and efficiency. In this review, we summarize representative multifunctional fluorescent molecular probes developed in the last decade. We focus on probes that can specially target nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulums, and lysosomes. In each section, we first briefly introduce the significance and properties of different organelles. We then discuss how probes are designed to make them highly organelle-specific. Finally, we also consider how probes are constructed to endow them with additional functions to recognize particular physical/chemical signals of targeted organelles. Moreover, a perspective on the challenges in future applications of highly specific molecular probes in cell imaging is also proposed. We hope that this review can provide researchers with additional conceptual information about developing probes for cell imaging, assisting scientists interested in molecular biology, cell biology, and biochemistry to accelerate their scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhiqi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunxi Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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46
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Basha NJ. Small Molecules as Anti‐inflammatory Agents: Molecular Mechanisms and Heterocycles as Inhibitors of Signaling Pathways. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Jeelan Basha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous Bengaluru Karnataka-560043 India
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47
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Zhang J, Peng Y, Hu Y, Guo H, Sun Y, Zhang X, Mi QS, Xu Y. TFAM Deficiency‒Mediated Mitochondrial Disorder Affects Langerhans Cell Maintenance and Function. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:508-513.e2. [PMID: 36049540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Guo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Mi
- Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yingping Xu
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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48
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Martínez de Toda I, González-Sánchez M, Díaz-Del Cerro E, Valera G, Carracedo J, Guerra-Pérez N. Sex differences in markers of oxidation and inflammation. Implications for ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111797. [PMID: 36868323 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is a key factor to consider in the ageing process given the impact that it has on life expectancy. The oxidative-inflammatory theory of ageing states that the ageing process is the result of the establishment of oxidative stress which, due to the interplay of the immune system, translates into inflammatory stress, and that both processes are responsible for the damage and loss of function of an organism. We show that there are relevant gender differences in a number of oxidative and inflammatory markers and propose that they may account for the differential lifespan between sexes, given that males display, in general, higher oxidation and basal inflammation. In addition, we explain the significant role of circulating cell-free DNA as a marker of oxidative damage and an inductor of inflammation, connecting both processes and having the potential to become a useful ageing marker. Finally, we discuss how oxidative and inflammatory changes take place differentially with ageing in each sex, which could also have an impact on the sex-differential lifespan. Further research including sex as an essential variable is needed to understand the grounds of sex differences in ageing and to better comprehend ageing itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica González-Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Estefanía Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gemma Valera
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Natalia Guerra-Pérez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
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49
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The Role of Bacteria-Mitochondria Communication in the Activation of Neuronal Innate Immunity: Implications to Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054339. [PMID: 36901773 PMCID: PMC10001700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in regulating host metabolism, immunity and cellular homeostasis. Remarkably, these organelles are proposed to have evolved from an endosymbiotic association between an alphaproteobacterium and a primitive eukaryotic host cell or an archaeon. This crucial event determined that human cell mitochondria share some features with bacteria, namely cardiolipin, N-formyl peptides, mtDNA and transcription factor A, that can act as mitochondrial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The impact of extracellular bacteria on the host act largely through the modulation of mitochondrial activities, and often mitochondria are themselves immunogenic organelles that can trigger protective mechanisms through DAMPs mobilization. In this work, we demonstrate that mesencephalic neurons exposed to an environmental alphaproteobacterium activate innate immunity through toll-like receptor 4 and Nod-like receptor 3. Moreover, we show that mesencephalic neurons increase the expression and aggregation of alpha-synuclein that interacts with mitochondria, leading to their dysfunction. Mitochondrial dynamic alterations also affect mitophagy which favors a positive feedback loop on innate immunity signaling. Our results help to elucidate how bacteria and neuronal mitochondria interact and trigger neuronal damage and neuroinflammation and allow us to discuss the role of bacterial-derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in Parkinson's disease etiology.
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Gabrielli AP, Weidling I, Ranjan A, Wang X, Novikova L, Chowdhury SR, Menta B, Berkowicz A, Wilkins HM, Peterson KR, Swerdlow RH. Mitochondria Profoundly Influence Apolipoprotein E Biology. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:591-604. [PMID: 36776072 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria can trigger Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated molecular phenomena, but how mitochondria impact apolipoprotein E (APOE; apoE) is not well known. OBJECTIVE Consider whether and how mitochondrial biology influences APOE and apoE biology. METHODS We measured APOE expression in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells with different forms of mitochondrial dysfunction including total, chronic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion (ρ0 cells); acute, partial mtDNA depletion; and toxin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. We further assessed intracellular and secreted apoE protein levels in the ρ0 cells and interrogated the impact of transcription factors and stress signaling pathways known to influence APOE expression. RESULTS SH-SY5Y ρ0 cells exhibited a 65-fold increase in APOE mRNA, an 8-fold increase in secreted apoE protein, and increased intracellular apoE protein. Other models of primary mitochondrial dysfunction including partial mtDNA-depletion, toxin-induced respiratory chain inhibition, and chemical-induced manipulations of the mitochondrial membrane potential similarly increased SH-SY5Y cell APOE mRNA. We explored potential mediators and found in the ρ0 cells knock-down of the C/EBPα and NFE2L2 (Nrf2) transcription factors reduced APOE mRNA. The activity of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, JNK and ERK, also strongly influenced ρ0 cell APOE mRNA levels. CONCLUSION Primary mitochondrial dysfunction either directly or indirectly activates APOE expression in a neuronal cell model by altering transcription factors and stress signaling pathways. These studies demonstrate mitochondrial biology can influence the biology of the APOE gene and apoE protein, which are implicated in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Gabrielli
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ian Weidling
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Amol Ranjan
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Xiaowan Wang
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Lesya Novikova
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Subir Roy Chowdhury
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Blaise Menta
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Alexandra Berkowicz
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Heather M Wilkins
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Kenneth R Peterson
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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