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Gupta P, Parupudi PLC, Supriya L, Srivastava H, Padmaja G, Gopinath K. Complete genome sequencing and construction of full-length infectious cDNA clone of papaya ringspot virus-HYD isolate and its efficient in planta expression. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1310236. [PMID: 38107852 PMCID: PMC10721977 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1310236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a devastating Potyvirus that causes papaya ringspot disease in Carica papaya plantations globally. In this study, the complete genome sequence of a PRSV isolate from Shankarpalli, Telangana, India, was reported and designated as PRSV-HYD (KP743981.1). The genome is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA comprising 10,341 nucleotides. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PRSV-HYD is closely related to PRSV Pune (Aundh) isolate with 92 and 95% nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity, respectively. To develop infectious cDNA (icDNA), the complete nucleotide sequence of PRSV-HYD was cloned between the right and left borders in the binary vector pCB301 using BglII and XmaI restriction sites. Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) double promoter (35S) was fused at the 5'-end and Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) ribozyme (RZ) sequence was fused to the 3' end to generate an authentic 3' viral end in the transcribed mRNAs. The icDNA generated was mobilized into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA 105, and the agrobacterial cultures were infiltrated into the natural host C. papaya and a non-host Nicotiana benthamiana plants; both did not show any symptoms. In RT-PCR analysis of RNAs isolated from N. benthamiana, we could detect viral genes as early as 3 days and continued up to 28 days post infiltration. Alternatively, virion particles were purified from agroinfiltrated N. benthamiana plants and introduced into C. papaya by mechanical inoculation as well as by pinprick method. In both cases, we could see visible systemic symptoms similar to that of wild type by 40 days. Additionally, we studied the expression patterns of the genes related to plant defense, transcription factors (TFs), and developmental aspects from both C. papaya and N. benthamiana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kodetham Gopinath
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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Yuan S, Ke D, Liu B, Zhang M, Li X, Chen H, Zhang C, Huang Y, Sun S, Shen J, Yang S, Zhou S, Leng P, Guan Y, Zhou X. The Bax inhibitor GmBI-1α interacts with a Nod factor receptor and plays a dual role in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5820-5839. [PMID: 37470327 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The gene networks surrounding Nod factor receptors that govern the symbiotic process between legumes and rhizobia remain largely unexplored. Here, we identify 13 novel GmNFR1α-associated proteins by yeast two-hybrid screening, and describe a potential interacting protein, GmBI-1α. GmBI-1α had the highest positive correlation with GmNFR1α in a co-expression network analysis, and its expression at the mRNA level in roots was enhanced by rhizobial infection. Moreover, GmBI-1α-GmNFR1α interaction was shown to occur in vitro and in vivo. The GmBI-1α protein was localized to multiple subcellular locations, including the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. Overexpression of GmBI-1α increased the nodule number in transgenic hairy roots or transgenic soybean, whereas down-regulation of GmBI-1α transcripts by RNA interference reduced the nodule number. In addition, the nodules in GmBI-1α-overexpressing plants became smaller in size and infected area with reduced nitrogenase activity. In GmBI-1α-overexpressing transgenic soybean, the elevated GmBI-1α also promoted plant growth and suppressed the expression of defense signaling-related genes. Infection thread analysis of GmBI-1α-overexpressing plants showed that GmBI-1α promoted rhizobial infection. Collectively, our findings support a GmNFR1α-associated protein in the Nod factor signaling pathway and shed new light on the regulatory mechanism of GmNFR1α in rhizobial symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Danxia Ke
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences and Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Mengke Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xiangyong Li
- College of Life Sciences and Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jiafang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Shuqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Shunxin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Piao Leng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yuefeng Guan
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
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Pasaribu B, Acosta K, Aylward A, Liang Y, Abramson BW, Colt K, Hartwick NT, Shanklin J, Michael TP, Lam E. Genomics of turions from the Greater Duckweed reveal its pathways for dormancy and re-emergence strategy. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37149888 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Over 15 families of aquatic plants are known to use a strategy of developmental switching upon environmental stress to produce dormant propagules called turions. However, few molecular details for turion biology have been elucidated due to the difficulties in isolating high-quality nucleic acids from this tissue. We successfully developed a new protocol to isolate high-quality transcripts and carried out RNA-seq analysis of mature turions from the Greater Duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza. Comparison of turion transcriptomes to that of fronds, the actively growing leaf-like tissue, were carried out. Bioinformatic analysis of high confidence, differentially expressed transcripts between frond and mature turion tissues revealed major pathways related to stress tolerance, starch and lipid metabolism, and dormancy that are mobilized to reprogram frond meristems for turion differentiation. We identified the key genes that are likely to drive starch and lipid accumulation during turion formation, as well as those in pathways for starch and lipid utilization upon turion germination. Comparison of genome-wide cytosine methylation levels also revealed evidence for epigenetic changes in the formation of turion tissues. Similarities between turions and seeds provide evidence that key regulators for seed maturation and germination were retooled for their function in turion biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buntora Pasaribu
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 40600, Indonesia
| | - Kenneth Acosta
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Anthony Aylward
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yuanxue Liang
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Bradley W Abramson
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kelly Colt
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nolan T Hartwick
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - John Shanklin
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Todd P Michael
- The Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Eric Lam
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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Fang T, Qian C, Daoura BG, Yan X, Fan X, Zhao P, Liao Y, Shi L, Chang Y, Ma XF. A novel TF molecular switch-mechanism found in two contrasting ecotypes of a psammophyte, Agriophyllum squarrosum, in regulating transcriptional drought memory. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:167. [PMID: 36997861 PMCID: PMC10061855 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior drought stress may change plants response patterns and subsequently increase their tolerance to the same condition, which can be referred to as "drought memory" and proved essential for plants well-being. However, the mechanism of transcriptional drought memory in psammophytes remains unclear. Agriophyllum squarrosum, a pioneer species on mobile dunes, is widely spread in Northern China's vast desert areas with outstanding ability of water use efficiency. Here we conducted dehydration-rehydration treatment on A. squarrosum semi-arid land ecotype AEX and arid land ecotype WW to dissect the drought memory mechanism of A. squarrosum, and to determine the discrepancy in drought memory of two contrasting ecotypes that had long adapted to water heterogeneity. RESULT Physiological traits monitoring unveiled the stronger ability and longer duration in drought memory of WW than that of AEX. A total of 1,642 and 1,339 drought memory genes (DMGs) were identified in ecotype AEX and WW, respectively. Furthermore, shared DMGs among A. squarrosum and the previously studied species depicted that drought memory commonalities in higher plants embraced pathways like primary and secondary metabolisms; while drought memory characteristics in A. squarrosum were mainly related to response to heat, high light intensity, hydrogen peroxide, and dehydration, which might be due to local adaptation to desert circumstances. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) occupied the center of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network in drought memory transcription factors (TF), thus playing a key regulatory role in A. squarrosum drought memory. Co-expression analysis of drought memory TFs and DMGs uncovered a novel regulating module, whereby pairs of TFs might function as molecular switches in regulating DMG transforming between high and low expression levels, thus promoting drought memory reset. CONCLUSION Based on the co-expression analysis, protein-protein interaction prediction, and drought memory metabolic network construction, a novel regulatory module of transcriptional drought memory in A. squarrosum was hypothesized here, whereby recurrent drought signal is activated by primary TF switches, then amplified by secondary amplifiers, and thus regulates downstream complicated metabolic networks. The present research provided valuable molecular resources on plants' stress-resistance basis and shed light on drought memory in A. squarrosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chaoju Qian
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
| | - Bachir Goudia Daoura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University, POBox 465, Maradi, Niger
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco- Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000 China
| | - Xingke Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
| | - Pengshu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuqiu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000 China
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Qing Z, Ahmad S, Chen Y, Liang Q, Zhang L, Chen B, Wen R. P3/P3N-PIPO of PVY interacting with BI-1 inhibits the degradation of NIb by ATG6 to facilitate virus replication in N. benthamiana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1183144. [PMID: 37139112 PMCID: PMC10149851 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1183144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Autophagy not only plays an antiviral role but also can be utilized by viruses to facilitate virus infection. However, the underlying mechanism of potato virus Y (PVY) infection against plant autophagy remains unclear. BI-1, localizing to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is a multifunctional protein and may affect the virus infection. Methods In this study, Y2H, BiFC, qRT-PCR, RNA-Seq, WB and so on were used for research. Results P3 and P3N-PIPO of PVY can interact with the Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1) of N. benthamiana. However, BI-1 knockout mutant showed better growth and development ability. In addition, when the BI-1 gene was knocked out or knocked down in N. benthamiana, the PVY-infected mutant showed milder symptoms and lower virus accumulation. Analysis of transcriptome data showed that the deletion of NbBI-1 weakened the gene expression regulation induced by PVY infection and NbBI-1 may reduce the mRNA level of NbATG6 by regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD) in PVY-infected N. benthamiana. The expression level of the ATG6 gene of PVY-infected WT was significantly down-regulated, relative to the PVY-infected mutant. Further results showed that ATG6 of N. benthamiana can degrade NIb, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of PVY. NbATG6 has a higher mRNA level in PVY-infected BI-1 knockout mutants than in PVY-infected WT. Conclussion The interaction of P3 and/or P3N-PIPO of PVY with BI-1 decrease the expression of the ATG6 gene might be mediated by RIDD, which inhibits the degradation of viral NIb and enhances viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuemeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingmin Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Baoshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ronghui Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Ronghui Wen,
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Kim CY, Song H, Lee YH. Ambivalent response in pathogen defense: A double-edged sword? PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100415. [PMID: 35918895 PMCID: PMC9700132 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants possess effective immune systems that defend against most microbial attackers. Recent plant immunity research has focused on the classic binary defense model involving the pivotal role of small-molecule hormones in regulating the plant defense signaling network. Although most of our current understanding comes from studies that relied on information derived from a limited number of pathosystems, newer studies concerning the incredibly diverse interactions between plants and microbes are providing additional insights into other novel mechanisms. Here, we review the roles of both classical and more recently identified components of defense signaling pathways and stress hormones in regulating the ambivalence effect during responses to diverse pathogens. Because of their different lifestyles, effective defense against biotrophic pathogens normally leads to increased susceptibility to necrotrophs, and vice versa. Given these opposing forces, the plant potentially faces a trade-off when it mounts resistance to a specific pathogen, a phenomenon referred to here as the ambivalence effect. We also highlight a novel mechanism by which translational control of the proteins involved in the ambivalence effect can be used to engineer durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance, regardless of the lifestyle of the invading pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yeol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyeunjeong Song
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Liu F, Zhang P, Li J, Zhang T, Xie L, Gong C. miR2119, a Novel Transcriptional Regulator, Plays a Positive Role in Woody Plant Drought Tolerance by Mediating the Degradation of the CkBI-1 Gene Associated with Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6306. [PMID: 35682985 PMCID: PMC9181555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Caragana korshinskii, an important vegetation restoration species with economic and ecological benefits in the arid region of northwest China, is characterized by significant drought tolerance. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs confer this trait in C. korshinskii are unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of CkmiR2119 on drought tolerance and identified its target gene, CkBI-1. A negative correlation of CkmiR2119 and CkBI-1 in both stems and leaves in a drought gradient treatment followed by target gene validation suggest that CkmiR2119 might negatively regulate CkBI-1. Consistently, a decrease in the expression of the CkBI-1 gene was observed after both transient transformation and stable transformation of CkamiR2119 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Moreover, the physiological analysis of CkamiR2119 and CkBI-1 transgenic plants further indicate that CkmiR2119 can enhance the drought tolerance of C. korshinskii in two aspects: (i) downregulating CkBI-1 expression to accelerate vessel maturation in stems; (ii) contributing to a higher level of CkBI-1 in mesophyll cells to inhibit programmed cell death (PCD). This work reveals that CkmiR2119 can increase plants' drought tolerance by downregulating the expression of CkBI-1, providing a theoretical basis to improve plants' ability to withstand stress tolerance by manipulating miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.L.); (P.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Puzhi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.L.); (P.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Jiayang Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Tianxin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.L.); (P.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Lifang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.L.); (P.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Chunmei Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
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Wu B, Yun P, Zhou H, Xia D, Gu Y, Li P, Yao J, Zhou Z, Chen J, Liu R, Cheng S, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Lou G, Chen P, Wan S, Zhou M, Li Y, Gao G, Zhang Q, Li X, Lian X, He Y. Natural variation in WHITE-CORE RATE 1 regulates redox homeostasis in rice endosperm to affect grain quality. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1912-1932. [PMID: 35171272 PMCID: PMC9048946 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Grain chalkiness reduces the quality of rice (Oryza sativa) and is a highly undesirable trait for breeding and marketing. However, the underlying molecular cause of chalkiness remains largely unknown. Here, we cloned the F-box gene WHITE-CORE RATE 1 (WCR1), which negatively regulates grain chalkiness and improves grain quality in rice. A functional A/G variation in the promoter region of WCR1 generates the alleles WCR1A and WCR1G, which originated from tropical japonica and wild rice Oryza rufipogon, respectively. OsDOF17 is a transcriptional activator that binds to the AAAAG cis-element in the WCR1A promoter. WCR1 positively affects the transcription of the metallothionein gene MT2b and interacts with MT2b to inhibit its 26S proteasome-mediated degradation, leading to decreased reactive oxygen species production and delayed programmed cell death in rice endosperm. This, in turn, leads to reduced chalkiness. Our findings uncover a molecular mechanism underlying rice chalkiness and identify the promising natural variant WCR1A, with application potential for rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Peng Yun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Duo Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Pingbo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jialing Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jianxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Rongjia Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shiyuan Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Guangming Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Pingli Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shanshan Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mingsong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xingming Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Kolozsváriné Nagy J, Schwarczinger I, Király L, Bacsó R, Ádám AL, Künstler A. Near-Isogenic Barley Lines Show Enhanced Susceptibility to Powdery Mildew Infection Following High-Temperature Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070903. [PMID: 35406883 PMCID: PMC9003484 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Barley cultivation is adversely affected by high-temperature stress, which may modulate plant defense responses to pathogens such as barley powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, Bgh). Earlier research focused mainly on the influence of short-term heat stress (heat shock) of barley on Bgh infection. In this study, our aim was to investigate the effects of both short- and long-term heat stress (35 °C from 30 s to 5 days) on Bgh infection in the barley cultivar Ingrid and its near-isogenic lines containing different powdery mildew resistance genes (Mla12, Mlg, and mlo5) by analyzing symptom severity and Bgh biomass with RT-qPCR. The expression of selected barley defense genes (BAX inhibitor-1, Pathogenesis- related protein-1b, Respiratory burst oxidase homologue F2, and Heat shock protein 90-1) was also monitored in plants previously exposed to heat stress followed by inoculation with Bgh. We demonstrated that pre-exposure to short- and long-term heat stress negatively affects the resistance of all resistant lines manifested by the appearance of powdery mildew symptoms and increased Bgh biomass. Furthermore, prolonged heat stress (48 and 120 h) enhanced both Bgh symptoms and biomass in susceptible wild-type Ingrid. Heat stress suppressed and delayed early defense gene activation in resistant lines, which is a possible reason why resistant barley became partially susceptible to Bgh.
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10
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Microbial interaction mediated programmed cell death in plants. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:43. [PMID: 35096500 PMCID: PMC8761208 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Food demand of growing population can only be met by finding solutions for sustaining the crop yield. The understanding of basic mechanisms employed by microorganisms for the establishment of parasitic relationship with plants is a complex phenomenon. Symbionts and biotrophs are dependent on living hosts for completing their life cycle, whereas necrotrophs utilize dead cells for their growth and establishment. Hemibiotrophs as compared to other microbes associate themselves with plants in two phase's, viz. early bio-phase and later necro-phase. Plants and microbes interact with each other using receptors present on host cell surface and elicitors (PAMPs and effectors) produced by microbes. Plant-microbe interaction either leads to compatible or incompatible reaction. In response to various biotic and abiotic stress factors, plant undergoes programmed cell death which restricts the growth of biotrophs or hemibiotrophs while necrotrophs as an opportunist starts growing on dead tissue for their own benefit. PCD regulation is an outcome of plant-microbe crosstalk which entirely depends on various biochemical events like generation of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, ionic efflux/influx, CLPs, biosynthesis of phytohormones, phytoalexins, polyamines and certain pathogenesis-related proteins. This phenomenon mostly occurs in resistant and non-host plants during invasion of pathogenic microbes. The compatible or incompatible host-pathogen interaction depends upon the presence or absence of host plant resistance and pathogenic race. In addition to host-pathogen interaction, the defense induction by beneficial microbes must also be explored and used to the best of its potential. This review highlights the mechanism of microbe- or symbiont-mediated PCD along with defense induction in plants towards symbionts, biotrophs, necrotrophs and hemibiotrophs. Here we have also discussed the possible use of beneficial microbes in inducing systemic resistance in plants against pathogenic microbes.
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11
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Lohani N, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Rapid Transcriptional Reprogramming Associated With Heat Stress-Induced Unfolded Protein Response in Developing Brassica napus Anthers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:905674. [PMID: 35755714 PMCID: PMC9218420 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.905674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change associated increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events negatively impact agricultural productivity and global food security. During the reproductive phase of a plant's life cycle, such high temperatures hinder pollen development, preventing fertilization, and seed formation. At the molecular level, heat stress-induced accumulation of misfolded proteins activates a signaling pathway called unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the cytoplasm to enhance the protein folding capacity of the cell. Here, we report transcriptional responses of Brassica napus anthers exposed to high temperature for 5, 15, and 30 min to decipher the rapid transcriptional reprogramming associated with the unfolded protein response. Functional classification of the upregulated transcripts highlighted rapid activation of the ER-UPR signaling pathway mediated by ER membrane-anchored transcription factor within 5 min of heat stress exposure. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis also identified "Protein processing in ER" as the most significantly enriched pathway, indicating that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is an immediate heat stress-responsive pathway during B. napus anther development. Five minutes of heat stress also led to robust induction of the cytosolic HSF-HSP heat response network. Our results present a perspective of the rapid and massive transcriptional reprogramming during heat stress in pollen development and highlight the need for investigating the nature and function of very early stress-responsive networks in plant cells. Research focusing on very early molecular responses of plant cells to external stresses has the potential to reveal new stress-responsive gene networks that can be explored further for developing climate change resilient crops.
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12
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Liptáková Ľ, Demecsová L, Valentovičová K, Zelinová V, Tamás L. Early gene expression response of barley root tip to toxic concentrations of cadmium. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 108:145-155. [PMID: 34928487 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01233-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Already a short-term Cd treatment induces changes in gene expression in barley root tips via IAA and ROS signaling during mild and severe Cd stress, respectively. Even a short, 30 min, Cd treatment of roots induced a considerable alteration in gene expression in the barley root tips within an hour after the treatments. The very early activation of MYB1 transcription factor expression is partially regulated by auxin signaling in mildly stressed seedlings. An increase in allene oxide cyclase and NADPH oxidase expression was a distinguishing feature of root tips response to mild Cd stress and their expression is activated via IAA signaling. Meanwhile, early changes in the level of dehydrin transcripts were detected in moderately and severely stressed root tips, and their induction is related to altered ROS homeostasis in cells. The early activation of glutathione peroxidase expression by mild Cd stress indicates the involvement of IAA in the signaling process. In contrast, early ascorbate peroxidase expression was induced only with Cd treatment causing severe stress and ROS play central roles in its induction. The expression of cysteine protease was activated similarly in both mildly and severely Cd-stressed roots; consequently, both increased IAA and ROS levels take part in the regulation of cysteine protease expression. The Cd-evoked accumulation of BAX Inhibitor-1 mRNA was characteristic for moderately and severely stressed roots. Whereas decreased IAA level did not affect its expression, rotenone-mediated ROS depletion markedly reduced the Cd-induced expression of BAX Inhibitor-1. An early increase of alternative oxidase levels in the root tip cells indicated that the reduction of mitochondrial superoxide generation is an important component of barley root response to severe Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ľubica Liptáková
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Loriana Demecsová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Valentovičová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Zelinová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ladislav Tamás
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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13
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Karia P, Yoshioka K, Moeder W. Multiple phosphorylation events of the mitochondrial membrane protein TTM1 regulate cell death during senescence. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:766-780. [PMID: 34409658 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in programmed cell death (PCD) during animal growth and development is well documented, but much less is known for plants. We previously showed that the Arabidopsis thaliana triphosphate tunnel metalloenzyme (TTM) proteins TTM1 and TTM2 are tail-anchored proteins that localize in the mitochondrial outer membrane and participate in PCD during senescence and immunity, respectively. Here, we show that TTM1 is specifically involved in senescence induced by abscisic acid (ABA). Moreover, phosphorylation of TTM1 by multiple mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases regulates its function and turnover. A combination of proteomics and in vitro kinase assays revealed three major phosphorylation sites of TTM1 (Ser10, Ser437, and Ser490). Ser437, which is phosphorylated upon perception of senescence cues such as ABA and prolonged darkness, is phosphorylated by the MAP kinases MPK3 and MPK4, and Ser437 phosphorylation is essential for TTM1 function in senescence. These MPKs, together with three additional MAP kinases (MPK1, MPK7, and MPK6), also phosphorylate Ser10 and Ser490, marking TTM1 for protein turnover, which likely prevents uncontrolled cell death. Taken together, our results show that multiple MPKs regulate the function and turnover of the mitochondrial protein TTM1 during senescence-associated cell death, revealing a novel link between mitochondria and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Karia
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
- Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
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14
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Király L, Albert R, Zsemberi O, Schwarczinger I, Hafez YM, Künstler A. Reactive Oxygen Species Contribute to Symptomless, Extreme Resistance to Potato virus X in Tobacco. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1870-1884. [PMID: 33593113 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-20-0540-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here we show that in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cultivar Samsun NN Rx1) the development of Rx1 gene-mediated, symptomless, extreme resistance to Potato virus X (PVX) is preceded by an early, intensive accumulation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide (O2·-), evident between 1 and 6 h after inoculation and associated with increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activities. This suggests a direct contribution of this ROS to virus restriction during symptomless, extreme resistance. Superoxide inhibition in PVX-inoculated leaves by infiltration of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT]) partially suppresses extreme resistance in parallel with the appearance of localized leaf necrosis resembling a hypersensitive resistance (HR) response. F1 progeny from crosses of Rx1 and ferritin overproducer (deficient in production of the ROS OH·) tobaccos also display a suppressed extreme resistance to PVX, because significantly increased virus levels are coupled to HR, suggesting a role of the hydroxyl radical (OH·) in this symptomless antiviral defense. In addition, treatment of PVX-susceptible tobacco with a superoxide-generating agent (riboflavin/methionine) results in HR-like symptoms and reduced PVX titers. Finally, by comparing defense responses during PVX-elicited symptomless, extreme resistance and HR-type resistance elicited by Tobacco mosaic virus, we conclude that defense reactions typical of an HR (e.g., induction of cell death/ROS-regulator genes and antioxidants) are early and transient in the course of extreme resistance. Our results demonstrate the contribution of early accumulation of ROS (superoxide, OH·) in limiting PVX replication during symptomless extreme resistance and support earlier findings that virus-elicited HR represents a delayed, slower resistance response than symptomless, extreme resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lóránt Király
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Albert
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Zsemberi
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ildikó Schwarczinger
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yaser Mohamed Hafez
- EPCRS Excellence Center & Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafr-El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - András Künstler
- Department of Plant Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
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15
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Li X, Li S, Liu Y, He Q, Liu W, Lin C, Miao W. HbLFG1, a Rubber Tree ( Hevea brasiliensis) Lifeguard Protein, Can Facilitate Powdery Mildew Infection by Suppressing Plant Immunity. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1648-1659. [PMID: 34047620 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-20-0362-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew causes substantial losses in crop and economic plant yields worldwide. Although powdery mildew infection of rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis), caused by the biotrophic fungus Erysiphe quercicola, severely threatens natural rubber production, little is known about the mechanism by which E. quercicola adapts to H. brasiliensis to invade the host plant. In barley and Arabidopsis thaliana, lifeguard (LFG) proteins, which have topological similarity to BAX INHIBITOR-1, are involved in host plant susceptibility to powdery mildew infection. In this study, we characterized an H. brasiliensis LFG protein (HbLFG1) with a focus on its function in regulating defense against powdery mildew. HbLFG1 gene expression was found to be upregulated during E. quercicola infection. HbLFG1 showed conserved functions in cell death inhibition and membrane localization. Expression of HbLFG1 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and A. thaliana Col-0 was demonstrated to significantly suppress callose deposition induced by conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns chitin and flg22. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of HbLFG1 in H. brasiliensis mesophyll protoplasts significantly suppressed the chitin-induced burst of reactive oxygen species. Although A. thaliana Col-0 and E. quercicola displayed an incompatible interaction, Col-0 transformants overexpressing HbLFG1 were shown to be susceptible to E. quercicola. Collectively, the findings of this study provide evidence that HbLFG1 acts as a negative regulator of plant immunity that facilitates E. quercicola infection in H. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Sipeng Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qiguang He
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Weiguo Miao
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
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16
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Schwarczinger I, Kolozsváriné Nagy J, Király L, Mészáros K, Bányai J, Kunos V, Fodor J, Künstler A. Heat Stress Pre-Exposure May Differentially Modulate Plant Defense to Powdery Mildew in a Resistant and Susceptible Barley Genotype. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050776. [PMID: 34069722 PMCID: PMC8160753 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress negatively affects barley production and under elevated temperatures defense responses to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, Bgh) are altered. Previous research has analyzed the effects of short-term (30 s to 2 h) heat stress, however, few data are available on the influence of long-term exposure to heat on powdery mildew infections. We simultaneously assessed the effects of short and long term heat pre-exposure on resistance/susceptibility of barley to Bgh, evaluating powdery mildew infection by analyzing symptoms and Bgh biomass with RT-qPCR in barley plants pre-exposed to high temperatures (28 and 35 °C from 30 s to 5 days). Plant defense gene expression after heat stress pre-exposure and inoculation was also monitored. Our results show that prolonged heat stress (24, 48 and 120 h) further enhanced Bgh susceptibility in a susceptible barley line (MvHV118-17), while a resistant line (MvHV07-17) retained its pathogen resistance. Furthermore, prolonged heat stress significantly repressed the expression of several defense-related genes (BAX inhibitor-1, Pathogenesis related-1b and Respiratory burst oxidase homologue F2) in both resistant and susceptible barley lines. Remarkably, heat-suppressed defense gene expression returned to normal levels only in MvHV07-17, a possible reason why this barley line retains Bgh resistance even at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Schwarczinger
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (J.K.N.); (J.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Judit Kolozsváriné Nagy
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (J.K.N.); (J.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Lóránt Király
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (J.K.N.); (J.F.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-1-487-7527
| | - Klára Mészáros
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2 Brunszvik Str., H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (K.M.); (J.B.); (V.K.)
| | - Judit Bányai
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2 Brunszvik Str., H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (K.M.); (J.B.); (V.K.)
| | - Viola Kunos
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2 Brunszvik Str., H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (K.M.); (J.B.); (V.K.)
| | - József Fodor
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (J.K.N.); (J.F.); (A.K.)
| | - András Künstler
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, ELKH, 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (J.K.N.); (J.F.); (A.K.)
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17
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Zhang G, Zhong F, Chen L, Qin P, Li J, Zhi F, Tian L, Zhou D, Lin P, Chen H, Tang K, Liu W, Jin Y, Wang A. Integrated Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Roles of Brucella Homolog of BAX Inhibitor 1 in Cell Division and Membrane Homeostasis of Brucella suis S2. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:632095. [PMID: 33584633 PMCID: PMC7876416 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.632095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BAX inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein first identified in a screening process for human proteins that suppress BAX-induced apoptosis in yeast cells. Eukaryotic BI-1 is a cytoprotective protein that suppresses cell death induced by multiple stimuli in eukaryotes. Brucella, the causative agent of brucellosis that threatens public health and animal husbandry, contains a conserved gene that encodes BI-1-like protein. To explore the role of the Brucella homolog of BI-1, BrBI, in Brucella suis S2, we constructed the brbI deletion mutant strain and its complemented strain. brbI deletion altered the membrane properties of Brucella suis S2 and decreased its resistance to acidic pH, H2O2, polymyxin B, and lincomycin. Additionally, deleting brbI led to defective growth, cell division, and viability in Brucella suis S2. We then revealed the effect of brbI deletion on the physiological characteristics of Brucella suis S2 via integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. The integrated analysis showed that brbI deletion significantly affected the expression of multiple genes at the mRNA and/or protein levels. Specifically, the affected divisome proteins, FtsB, FtsI, FtsL, and FtsQ, may be the molecular basis of the impaired cell division of the brbI mutant strain, and the extensively affected membrane proteins and transporter-associated proteins were consistent with the phenotype of the membrane properties’ alterations of the brbI mutant strain. In conclusion, our results revealed that BrBI is a bacterial cytoprotective protein involved in membrane homeostasis, cell division, and stress resistance in Brucella suis S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fangli Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peipei Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Junmei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Feijie Zhi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lulu Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Keqiong Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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18
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Czékus Z, Csíkos O, Ördög A, Tari I, Poór P. Effects of Jasmonic Acid in ER Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Tomato Plants. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071031. [PMID: 32664460 PMCID: PMC7407312 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress elicits a protective mechanism called unfolded protein response (UPR) to maintain cellular homeostasis, which can be regulated by defence hormones. In this study, the physiological role of jasmonic acid (JA) in ER stress and UPR signalling has been investigated in intact leaves of tomato plants. Exogenous JA treatments not only induced the transcript accumulation of UPR marker gene SlBiP but also elevated transcript levels of SlIRE1 and SlbZIP60. By the application of JA signalling mutant jai1 plants, the role of JA in ER stress sensing and signalling was further investigated. Treatment with tunicamycin (Tm), the inhibitor of N-glycosylation of secreted glycoproteins, increased the transcript levels of SlBiP. Interestingly, SlIRE1a and SlIRE1b were significantly lower in jai1. In contrast, the transcript accumulation of Bax Inhibitor-1 (SlBI1) and SlbZIP60 was higher in jai1. To evaluate how a chemical chaperone modulates Tm-induced ER stress, plants were treated with sodium 4-phenylbutyrate, which also decreased the Tm-induced increase in SlBiP, SlIRE1a, and SlBI1 transcripts. In addition, it was found that changes in hydrogen peroxide content, proteasomal activity, and lipid peroxidation induced by Tm is regulated by JA, while nitric oxide was not involved in ER stress and UPR signalling in leaves of tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zalán Czékus
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.C.); (O.C.); (A.Ö.); (I.T.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Csíkos
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.C.); (O.C.); (A.Ö.); (I.T.)
| | - Attila Ördög
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.C.); (O.C.); (A.Ö.); (I.T.)
| | - Irma Tari
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.C.); (O.C.); (A.Ö.); (I.T.)
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.C.); (O.C.); (A.Ö.); (I.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Doycheva D, Xu N, Kaur H, Malaguit J, McBride DW, Tang J, Zhang JH. Adenoviral TMBIM6 vector attenuates ER-stress-induced apoptosis in a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic rat model. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm040352. [PMID: 31636086 PMCID: PMC6898997 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a major pathology encountered after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury. Accumulation of unfolded proteins triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), resulting in the activation of pro-apoptotic cascades that lead to cell death. Here, we identified Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1), an evolutionarily conserved protein encoded by the transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif-containing 6 (TMBIM6) gene, as a novel modulator of ER-stress-induced apoptosis after HI brain injury in a neonatal rat pup. The main objective of our study was to overexpress BI-1, via viral-mediated gene delivery of human adenoviral-TMBIM6 (Ad-TMBIM6) vector, to investigate its anti-apoptotic effects as well as to elucidate its signaling pathways in an in vivo neonatal HI rat model and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. Ten-day-old unsexed Sprague Dawley rat pups underwent right common carotid artery ligation followed by 1.5 h of hypoxia. Rat pups injected with Ad-TMBIM6 vector, 48 h pre-HI, showed a reduction in relative infarcted area size, attenuated neuronal degeneration and improved long-term neurological outcomes. Furthermore, silencing of BI-1 or further activating the IRE1α branch of the UPR, using a CRISPR activation plasmid, was shown to reverse the protective effects of BI-1. Based on our in vivo and in vitro data, the protective effects of BI-1 are mediated via inhibition of IRE1α signaling and in part via inhibition of the second stress sensor receptor, PERK. Overall, this study showed a novel role for BI-1 and ER stress in the pathophysiology of HI and could provide a basis for BI-1 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desislava Doycheva
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Ningbo Xu
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jay Malaguit
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Devin William McBride
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurosurgery and Neurology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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The Multifaceted Roles of Plant Hormone Salicylic Acid in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235842. [PMID: 31766401 PMCID: PMC6928836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Different abiotic and biotic stresses lead to the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in ER stress. In response to ER stress, cells activate various cytoprotective responses, enhancing chaperon synthesis, protein folding capacity, and degradation of misfolded proteins. These responses of plants are called the unfolded protein response (UPR). ER stress signaling and UPR can be regulated by salicylic acid (SA), but the mode of its action is not known in full detail. In this review, the current knowledge on the multifaceted role of SA in ER stress and UPR is summarized in model plants and crops to gain a better understanding of SA-regulated processes at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels.
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Zhu M, Tang X, Wang Z, Xu W, Zhou Y, Wang W, Li X, Li R, Guo K, Sun Y, Zhang W, Xu L, Li X. Arabidopsis GAAPs interacting with MAPR3 modulate the IRE1-dependent pathway upon endoplasmic reticulum stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:6113-6125. [PMID: 31618418 PMCID: PMC6859729 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell viability requires the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis through the unfolded protein response mediated by receptors localized on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. The receptor IRE1 mediates not only various adaptive outputs but also programmed cell death (PCD) under varying stress levels. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the same receptors trigger different responses in plants. Arabidopsis Golgi anti-apoptotic protein 1 (GAAP1) and GAAP3 resist PCD upon ER stress and negatively modulate the adaptive response of the IRE1-bZIP60 pathway through IRE1 association. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the anti-PCD activity of GAAPs, we attempted to isolate interactors of GAAPs by yeast two-hybrid screening. Membrane-associated progesterone receptor 3 (MAPR3) was isolated as one of the factors interacting with GAAP. Mutations in GAAP1/GAAP3 and/or MAPR3 enhanced the sensitivity of seedlings to ER stress. Whole-transcriptome analysis combined with quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and cellular analysis showed that regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD) and autophagy were impaired in mutants mapr3, gaap1mapr3, and gaap3mapr3. MAPR3, GAAP1, and GAAP3 interacted with IRE1B as determined by protein interaction assays. These data suggest that the interaction of GAAP1/GAAP3 with MAPR3 mitigates ER stress to some extent through regulating IRE10-mediated RIDD and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Tang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wenqi Xu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kun Guo
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling Xu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China
- Correspondence:
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22
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Doycheva D, Xu N, Tang J, Zhang J. Viral-mediated gene delivery of TMBIM6 protects the neonatal brain via disruption of NPR-CYP complex coupled with upregulation of Nrf-2 post-HI. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:174. [PMID: 31472686 PMCID: PMC6717394 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play a major role in the pathogenesis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury. ER stress results in the accumulation of unfolded proteins that trigger the NADPH-P450 reductase (NPR) and the microsomal monooxygenase system which is composed of cytochrome P450 members (CYP) generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the release of inflammatory cytokines. We explored the role of Bax Inhibitor-1 (BI-1) protein, encoded by the Transmembrane Bax inhibitor Motif Containing 6 (TMBIM6) gene, in protection from ER stress after HI brain injury. BI-1 may attenuate ER stress-induced ROS production and release of inflammatory mediators via (1) disruption of the NPR-CYP complex and (2) upregulation of Nrf-2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor, thus promoting an increase in anti-oxidant enzymes to inhibit ROS production. The main objective of our study is to evaluate BI-1's inhibitory effects on ROS production and inflammation by overexpressing BI-1 in 10-day-old rat pups. METHODS Ten-day-old (P10) unsexed Sprague-Dawley rat pups underwent right common carotid artery ligation, followed by 1.5 h of hypoxia. To overexpress BI-1, rat pups were intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected at 48 h pre-HI with the human adenoviral vector-TMBIM6 (Ad-TMBIM6). BI-1 and Nrf-2 silencing were achieved by icv injection at 48 h pre-HI using siRNA to elucidate the potential mechanism. Percent infarcted area, immunofluorescent staining, DHE staining, western blot, and long-term neurobehavior assessments were performed. RESULTS Overexpression of BI-1 significantly reduced the percent infarcted area and improved long-term neurobehavioral outcomes. BI-1's mediated protection was observed to be via inhibition of P4502E1, a major contributor to ROS generation and upregulation of pNrf-2 and HO-1, which correlated with a decrease in ROS and inflammatory markers. This effect was reversed when BI-1 or Nrf-2 were inhibited. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of BI-1 increased the production of antioxidant enzymes and attenuated inflammation by destabilizing the complex responsible for ROS production. BI-1's multimodal role in inhibiting P4502E1, together with upregulating Nrf-2, makes it a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desislava Doycheva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA
| | - Ningbo Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA
| | - John Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurosurgery and Neurology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11041 Campus Street, Risley Hall, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA
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Doycheva D, Kaur H, Tang J, Zhang JH. The characteristics of the ancient cell death suppressor, TMBIM6, and its related signaling pathways after endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:77-86. [PMID: 31044452 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the unfolded protein response in combination with generation of reactive oxygen species, from cytochrome P450 members and NADPH-P450 reductases, are two major consequences of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress that cause oxidative damage and cell death. Herein, we reviewed the role of Bax Inhibitor-1 (BI-1), an evolutionarily conserved protein encoded by the Transmembrane Bax inhibitor Motif Containing 6 gene, in protection from ER stress. As BI-1 has multimodal properties that can target a wide array of pathophysiological consequences after injury, our main objective was to explore BI-1's protective role in ER stress and its potential signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desislava Doycheva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
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Xie S, Wang Y, Wei W, Li C, Liu Y, Qu J, Meng Q, Lin Y, Yin W, Yang Y, Luo C. The Bax inhibitor UvBI-1, a negative regulator of mycelial growth and conidiation, mediates stress response and is critical for pathogenicity of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens. Curr Genet 2019; 65:1185-1197. [PMID: 30993412 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-00970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1), an evolutionarily conserved protein, is a suppressor of cell death induced by the proapoptotic protein Bax and is involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stress in animals, plants and yeast. Rice false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens is one of the destructive rice diseases worldwide. Although BI-1 proteins are widely distributed across filamentous fungi, few of them are functionally characterized. In this study, we identified a BI-1 protein in U. virens, UvBI-1, which contains a predicted Bax inhibitor-1-like family domain and could suppress the cell death induced by Bax. By co-transformation of the CRISPR/Cas9 construct along with donor DNA fragment containing the hygromycin resistance gene, we successfully generated Uvbi-1 deletion mutants. The UvBI-1 deletion showed an increase in mycelia vegetative growth and conidiation, suggesting this gene acts as a negative regulator of the growth and conidiation. In addition, the Uvbi-1 mutants exhibited higher sensitivity to osmotic and salt stress, hydrogen peroxide stress, and cell wall or membrane stress than the wild-type strain. Furthermore, UvBI-1 deletion was found to cause increased production of secondary metabolites and loss of pathogenicity of U. virens. Taken together, our results demonstrate that UvBI-1 plays a negative role in mycelial growth and conidiation, and is critical for stress tolerance, cell wall integrity, secondary metabolites production and pathogenicity of U. virens. Therefore, this study provides new evidence on the conserved function of BI-1 among fungal organisms and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xie
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yufu Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinsong Qu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qianghong Meng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weixiao Yin
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yinong Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Chaoxi Luo
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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25
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Yan Q, Si J, Cui X, Peng H, Jing M, Chen X, Xing H, Dou D. GmDAD1, a Conserved Defender Against Cell Death 1 ( DAD1) From Soybean, Positively Regulates Plant Resistance Against Phytophthora Pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:107. [PMID: 30800138 PMCID: PMC6376896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Initially identified as a mammalian apoptosis suppressor, defender against apoptotic death 1 (DAD1) protein has conserved plant orthologs acting as negative regulators of cell death. The potential roles and action mechanisms of plant DADs in resistance against Phytophthora pathogens are still unknown. Here, we cloned GmDAD1 from soybean and performed functional dissection. GmDAD1 expression can be induced by Phytophthora sojae infection in both compatible and incompatible soybean varieties. By manipulating GmDAD1 expression in soybean hairy roots, we showed that GmDAD1 transcript accumulations are positively correlated with plant resistance levels against P. sojae. Heterologous expression of GmDAD1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced its resistance to Phytophthora parasitica. NbDAD1 from N. benthamiana was shown to have similar role in conferring Phytophthora resistance. As an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein, GmDAD1 was demonstrated to be involved in ER stress signaling and to affect the expression of multiple defense-related genes. Taken together, our findings reveal that GmDAD1 plays a critical role in defense against Phytophthora pathogens and might participate in the ER stress signaling pathway. The defense-associated characteristic of GmDAD1 makes it a valuable working target for breeding Phytophthora resistant soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jierui Si
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Cui
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Xing
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Hernández-López A, Díaz M, Rodríguez-López J, Guillén G, Sánchez F, Díaz-Camino C. Uncovering Bax inhibitor-1 dual role in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis in common bean roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1049-1061. [PMID: 30462254 PMCID: PMC6363093 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Bax-inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is a cell death suppressor conserved in all eukaryotes that modulates cell death in response to abiotic stress and pathogen attack in plants. However, little is known about its role in the establishment of symbiotic interactions. Here, we demonstrate the functional relevance of an Arabidopsis thaliana BI-1 homolog (PvBI-1a) to symbiosis between the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Rhizobium tropici. We show that the changes in expression of PvBI-1a observed during early symbiosis resemble those of some defence response-related proteins. By using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that the overexpression of PvBI-1a in the roots of common bean increases the number of rhizobial infection events (and therefore the final number of nodules per root), but induces the premature death of nodule cells, affecting their nitrogen fixation efficiency. Nodule morphological alterations are known to be associated with changes in the expression of genes tied to defence, autophagy, and vesicular trafficking. Results obtained in the present work suggest that BI-1 has a dual role in the regulation of programmed cell death during symbiosis, extending our understanding of its critical function in the modulation of host immunity while responding to beneficial microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandrina Hernández-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Guillén
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Federico Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Claudia Díaz-Camino
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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27
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Wang W, Li X, Zhu M, Tang X, Wang Z, Guo K, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Zhang W, Li X. Arabidopsis GAAP1 to GAAP3 Play Redundant Role in Cell Death Inhibition by Suppressing the Upregulation of Salicylic Acid Pathway Under Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1032. [PMID: 31507623 PMCID: PMC6719610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to sustain cell survival by reducing misfolded protein accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The UPR also promotes cell death when the ER stress is severe. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of UPR activity regulation and cell death transition are less understood in plants. Arabidopsis GAAP1 and GAAP3 are involved in the regulation of UPR and cell death. Five GAAP gene members are found in Arabidopsis. Here, we analyzed the function of GAAP2 in addition to GAAP1 and GAAP3 in ER stress response using single, double, and triple mutants. Results showed that single or double or triple mutants reduced plant survival and enhanced cell death under ER stress. And the sensitivity increased with the number of mutation genes increase. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that mutation in triple genes promoted UPR signaling when confronted with mild ER stress, advanced SA target genes upregulation when confronted with severe stress. Moreover, Quantitative detection by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS showed that ER stress upregulated salicylic acid (SA) content in plants. These data suggest that GAAP1 to GAAP3 played redundant roles in cell death resistance and fine tuning UPR activation. And the anti-cell death function of GAAPs might be achieved by impairing the up-regulation of the SA pathway under ER stress.
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28
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Ökmen B, Mathow D, Hof A, Lahrmann U, Aßmann D, Doehlemann G. Mining the effector repertoire of the biotrophic fungal pathogen Ustilago hordei during host and non-host infection. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2018; 19:2603-2622. [PMID: 30047221 PMCID: PMC6638180 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The success of plant-pathogenic fungi mostly relies on their arsenal of virulence factors which are expressed and delivered into the host tissue during colonization. The biotrophic fungal pathogen Ustilago hordei causes covered smut disease on both barley and oat. In this study, we combined cytological, genomics and molecular biological methods to achieve a better understanding of the molecular interactions in the U. hordei-barley pathosystem. Microscopic analysis revealed that U. hordei densely colonizes barley leaves on penetration, in particular the vascular system. Transcriptome analysis of U. hordei at different stages of host infection revealed differential expression of the transcript levels of 273 effector gene candidates. Furthermore, U. hordei transcriptionally activates core effector genes which may suppress even non-host early defence responses. Based on expression profiles and novelty of sequences, knockout studies of 14 effector candidates were performed in U. hordei, which resulted in the identification of four virulence factors required for host colonization. Yeast two-hybrid screening identified potential barley targets for two of the effectors. Overall, this study provides a first systematic analysis of the effector repertoire of U. hordei and identifies four effectors (Uvi1-Uvi4) as virulence factors for the infection of barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ökmen
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS)University of CologneBioCenter, Zuelpicher Str. 47a50674CologneGermany
| | - Daniel Mathow
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic InteractionsKarl von Frisch StrD‐35043MarburgGermany
| | - Alexander Hof
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic InteractionsKarl von Frisch StrD‐35043MarburgGermany
| | - Urs Lahrmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Division of Personalized Tumor Therapy93053RegensburgGermany
| | - Daniela Aßmann
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic InteractionsKarl von Frisch StrD‐35043MarburgGermany
| | - Gunther Doehlemann
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS)University of CologneBioCenter, Zuelpicher Str. 47a50674CologneGermany
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Zhang J, Wang F, Zhang C, Zhang J, Chen Y, Liu G, Zhao Y, Hao F, Zhang J. A novel VIGS method by agroinoculation of cotton seeds and application for elucidating functions of GhBI-1 in salt-stress response. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1091-1100. [PMID: 29868984 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A VIGS method by agroinoculation of cotton seeds was developed for gene silencing in young seedlings and roots, and applied in functional analysis of GhBI-1 in response to salt stress. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has been widely used to investigate the functions of genes expressed in mature leaves, but not yet in young seedlings or roots of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Here, we developed a simple and effective VIGS method for silencing genes in young cotton seedlings and roots by soaking naked seeds in Agrobacterium cultures carrying tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-VIGS vectors. When the naked seeds were soaked in Agrobacterium cultures with an OD600 of 1.5 for 90 min, it was optimal for silencing genes effectively in young seedlings as clear photo-bleaching phenotype in the newly emerging leaves of pTRV:GhCLA1 seedlings were observed at 12-14 days post inoculation. Silencing of GhPGF (cotton pigment gland formation) by this method resulted in a 90% decrease in transcript abundances of the gene in roots at the early development stage. We further used the tool to investigate function of GhBI-1 (cotton Bax inhibitor-1) gene in response to salt stress and demonstrated that GhBI-1 might play a protective role under salt stress by suppressing stress-induced cell death in cotton. Our results showed that the newly established VIGS method is a powerful tool for elucidating functions of genes in cotton, especially the genes expressed in young seedlings and roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chuanyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Junhao Zhang
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yanxiu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Fushun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Cotton Research Center of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Bahieldin A, Atef A, Edris S, Gadalla NO, Ramadan AM, Hassan SM, Al Attas SG, Al-Kordy MA, Al-Hajar ASM, Sabir JSM, Nasr ME, Osman GH, El-Domyati FM. Multifunctional activities of ERF109 as affected by salt stress in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6403. [PMID: 29686365 PMCID: PMC5913302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomic analysis was conducted in leaves of Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion ERF109-knocked out (KO) mutant or plants overexpressing (OE) the gene to detect its role in driving expression of programmed cell death- (PCD-) or growth-related genes under high salt (200 mM NaCl) stress. The analysis yielded ~22–24 million reads, of which 90% mapped to the Arabidopsis reference nuclear genome. Hierarchical cluster analysis of gene expression and principal component analysis (PCA) successfully separated transcriptomes of the two stress time points. Analysis indicated the occurrence of 65 clusters of gene expression with transcripts of four clusters differed at the genotype (e.g., WT (wild type), KOERF109 or OEERF109) level. Regulated transcripts involved DIAP1-like gene encoding a death-associated inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Other ERF109-regulated transcripts belong to gene families encoding ROS scavenging enzymes and a large number of genes participating in three consecutive pathways, e.g., phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction. We investigated the possibility that ERF109 acts as a “master switch” mediator of a cascade of consecutive events across these three pathways initially by driving expression of ASA1 and YUC2 genes and possibly driving GST, IGPS and LAX2 genes. Action of downstream auxin-regulator, auxin-responsive as well as auxin carrier genes promotes plant cell growth under adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Bahieldin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Atef
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif Edris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour O Gadalla
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ramadan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Sabah M Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanaa G Al Attas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy A Al-Kordy
- Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman S M Al-Hajar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud E Nasr
- Faculty of Agriculture, Menofia University, Shebeen Elkom, Egypt
| | - Gamal H Osman
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt. .,Department of Biology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fotouh M El-Domyati
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Rashid Z, Singh PK, Vemuri H, Zaidi PH, Prasanna BM, Nair SK. Genome-wide association study in Asia-adapted tropical maize reveals novel and explored genomic regions for sorghum downy mildew resistance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:366. [PMID: 29321632 PMCID: PMC5762920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, downy mildews are among the important foliar diseases of maize that cause significant yield losses. We conducted a genome-wide association study for sorghum downy mildew (SDM; Peronosclerospora sorghi) resistance in a panel of 368 inbred lines adapted to the Asian tropics. High density SNPs from Genotyping-by-sequencing were used in GWAS after controlling for population structure and kinship in the panel using a single locus mixed model. The study identified a set of 26 SNPs that were significantly associated with SDM resistance, with Bonferroni corrected P values ≤ 0.05. Among all the identified SNPs, the minor alleles were found to be favorable to SDM resistance in the mapping panel. Trend regression analysis with 16 independent genetic variants including 12 SNPs and four haplotype blocks identified SNP S2_6154311 on chromosome 2 with P value 2.61E-24 and contributing 26.7% of the phenotypic variation. Six of the SNPs/haplotypes were within the same chromosomal bins as the QTLs for SDM resistance mapped in previous studies. Apart from this, eight novel genomic regions for SDM resistance were identified in this study; they need further validation before being applied in the breeding pipeline. Ten SNPs identified in this study were co-located in reported mildew resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerka Rashid
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Hindu Vemuri
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Pervez Haider Zaidi
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, 502324, India
| | - Boddupalli Maruthi Prasanna
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P. O. Box 1041, Village Market, Nairobi, 00621, Kenya
| | - Sudha Krishnan Nair
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Greater Hyderabad, 502324, India.
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Talanova VV, Titov AF, Repkina NS, Ignatenko AA. The abscisic acid influence on the gene expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in the leaves of cucumber plants at low temperatures. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2018; 477:364-367. [PMID: 29297123 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672917060060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on the expression of genes encoding the functional homologues of proapoptotic (CsBAX) and antiapoptotic (CsBI-1) proteins in cucumber leaves at low temperatures. The exposure to a hardening temperature of 12°C caused a slight increase in the level of CsBAX gene transcript and a sharp increase in the CsBI-1 gene transcript. At a damaging temperature of 4°C, the content of the CsBAX gene mRNA significantly increased, whereas the content of the CsBI-1 gene mRNA remained virtually unchanged. The treatment of seedlings with ABA reduced the release of electrolytes from cells and both 12 and 4°C, i.e., increased the cold resistance and simultaneously decreased the level of CsBAX gene transcripts, but drastically increased the content of CsBI-1 gene mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Talanova
- Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, 185910, Russia.
| | - A F Titov
- Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, 185910, Russia
| | - N S Repkina
- Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, 185910, Russia
| | - A A Ignatenko
- Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, 185910, Russia
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Lu PP, Yu TF, Zheng WJ, Chen M, Zhou YB, Chen J, Ma YZ, Xi YJ, Xu ZS. The Wheat Bax Inhibitor-1 Protein Interacts with an Aquaporin TaPIP1 and Enhances Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:20. [PMID: 29403525 PMCID: PMC5786567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident cell death suppressor evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. The ability of BI-1 to inhibit the biotic and abiotic stresses have been well-studied in Arabidopsis, while the functions of wheat BI-1 are largely unknown. In this study, the wheat BI-1 gene TaBI-1.1 was isolated by an RNA-seq analysis of Fusarium graminearum (Fg)-treated wheat. TaBI-1.1 expression was induced by a salicylic acid (SA) treatment and down-regulated by an abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Based on β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining, TaBI-1.1 was expressed in mature leaves and roots but not in the hypocotyl or young leaves. Constitutive expression of TaBI-1.1 in Arabidopsis enhanced its resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato (Pst) DC3000 infection and induced SA-related gene expression. Additionally, TaBI-1.1 transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited an alleviation of damage caused by high concentrations of SA and decreased the sensitivity to ABA. Consistent with the phenotype, the RNA-seq analysis of 35S::TaBI-1.1 and Col-0 plants showed that TaBI-1.1 was involved in biotic stresses. These results suggested that TaBI-1.1 positively regulates SA signals and plays important roles in the response to biotic stresses. In addition, TaBI-1.1 interacted with the aquaporin TaPIP1, and both them were localized to ER membrane. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TaPIP1 was up-regulated by SA treatment and TaPIP1 transgenic Arabidopsis enhanced the resistance to Pst DC3000 infection. Thus, the interaction between TaBI-1.1 and TaPIP1 on the ER membrane probably occurs in response to SA signals and defense response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Lu
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tai-Fei Yu
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jun Xi
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Shi Xu, Ya-Jun Xi,
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Shi Xu, Ya-Jun Xi,
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Scotton DC, Azevedo MDS, Sestari I, Da Silva JS, Souza LA, Peres LEP, Leal GA, Figueira A. Expression of the Theobroma cacao Bax-inhibitor-1 gene in tomato reduces infection by the hemibiotrophic pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2017; 18:1101-1112. [PMID: 27454588 PMCID: PMC6638249 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a key role in plant responses to pathogens, determining the success of infection depending on the pathogen lifestyle and on which participant of the interaction triggers cell death. The hemibiotrophic basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa is the causal agent of witches' broom disease of Theobroma cacao L. (cacao), a serious constraint for production in South America and the Caribbean. It has been hypothesized that M. perniciosa pathogenesis involves PCD, initially as a plant defence mechanism, which is diverted by the fungus to induce necrosis during the dikaryotic phase of the mycelia. Here, we evaluated whether the expression of a cacao anti-apoptotic gene would affect the incidence and severity of M. perniciosa infection using the 'Micro-Tom' (MT) tomato as a model. The cacao Bax-inhibitor-1 (TcBI-1) gene, encoding a putative basal attenuator of PCD, was constitutively expressed in MT to evaluate function. Transformants expressing TcBI-1, when treated with tunicamycin, an inducer of endoplasmic reticulum stress, showed a decrease in cell peroxidation. When the same transformants were inoculated with the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium rolfsii and Botrytis cinerea, a significant reduction in infection severity was observed, confirming TcBI-1 function. After inoculation with M. perniciosa, TcBI-1 transformant lines showed a significant reduction in disease incidence compared with MT. The overexpression of TcBI-1 appears to affect the ability of germinating spores to penetrate susceptible tissues, restoring part of the non-host resistance in MT against the S-biotype of M. perniciosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Camargo Scotton
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13400‐970Brazil
- Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13418‐900Brazil
| | - Mariana Da Silva Azevedo
- Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13418‐900Brazil
| | - Ivan Sestari
- Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13418‐900Brazil
| | - Jamille Santos Da Silva
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13400‐970Brazil
- Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13418‐900Brazil
| | - Lucas Anjos Souza
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13400‐970Brazil
- Present address:
Instituto Federal GoianoCampus Rio Verde, Rio VerdeGO 75901-970Brazil
| | | | - Gildemberg Amorim Leal
- Centro de Estudos Agrários, Universidade Federal de AlagoasBR 104, Km 85 Norte, Rio LargoAL57100‐00Brazil
| | - Antonio Figueira
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São PauloPiracicabaSP13400‐970Brazil
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Khafif M, Balagué C, Huard-Chauveau C, Roby D. An essential role for the VASt domain of the Arabidopsis VAD1 protein in the regulation of defense and cell death in response to pathogens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179782. [PMID: 28683084 PMCID: PMC5500287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several regulators of programmed cell death (PCD) have been identified in plants which encode proteins with putative lipid-binding domains. Among them, VAD1 (Vascular Associated Death) contains a novel protein domain called VASt (VAD1 analog StAR-related lipid transfer) still uncharacterized. The Arabidopsis mutant vad1-1 has been shown to exhibit a lesion mimic phenotype with light-conditional appearance of propagative hypersensitive response-like lesions along the vascular system, associated with defense gene expression and increased resistance to Pseudomonas strains. To test the potential of ectopic expression of VAD1 to influence HR cell death and to elucidate the role of the VASt domain in this function, we performed a structure-function analysis of VAD1 by transient over-expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and by complementation of the mutant vad1-1. We found that (i) overexpression of VAD1 controls negatively the HR cell death and defense expression either transiently in Nicotiana benthamania or in Arabidopsis plants in response to avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae, (ii) VAD1 is expressed in multiple subcellular compartments, including the nucleus, and (iii) while the GRAM domain does not modify neither the subcellular localization of VAD1 nor its immunorepressor activity, the domain VASt plays an essential role in both processes. In conclusion, VAD1 acts as a negative regulator of cell death associated with the plant immune response and the VASt domain of this unknown protein plays an essential role in this function, opening the way for the functional analysis of VASt-containing proteins and the characterization of novel mechanisms regulating PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khafif
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Claudine Balagué
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Dominique Roby
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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36
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Xu G, Wang S, Han S, Xie K, Wang Y, Li J, Liu Y. Plant Bax Inhibitor-1 interacts with ATG6 to regulate autophagy and programmed cell death. Autophagy 2017; 13:1161-1175. [PMID: 28537463 PMCID: PMC5529081 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1320633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process and is involved in the regulation of programmed cell death during the plant immune response. However, mechanisms regulating autophagy and cell death are incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that plant Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1), a highly conserved cell death regulator, interacts with ATG6, a core autophagy-related protein. Silencing of BI-1 reduced the autophagic activity induced by both N gene-mediated resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and methyl viologen (MV), and enhanced N gene-mediated cell death. In contrast, overexpression of plant BI-1 increased autophagic activity and surprisingly caused autophagy-dependent cell death. These results suggest that plant BI-1 has both prosurvival and prodeath effects in different physiological contexts and both depend on autophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shanshan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojie Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ke Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yule Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,CONTACT Yule Liu School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Pathirana R, West P, Hedderley D, Eason J. Cell death patterns in Arabidopsis cells subjected to four physiological stressors indicate multiple signalling pathways and cell cycle phase specificity. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:635-647. [PMID: 27193098 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Corpse morphology, nuclear DNA fragmentation, expression of senescence-associated genes (SAG) and cysteine protease profiles were investigated to understand cell death patterns in a cell cycle-synchronised Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension culture treated with four physiological stressors in the late G2 phase. Within 4 h of treatment, polyethylene glycol (PEG, 20 %), mannose (100 mM) and hydrogen peroxide (2 mM) caused DNA fragmentation coinciding with cell permeability to Evans Blue (EB) and produced corpse morphology corresponding to apoptosis-like programmed cell death (AL-PCD) with cytoplasmic retraction from the cell wall. Ethylene (8 mL per 250-mL flask) caused permeability of cells to EB without concomitant nuclear DNA fragmentation and cytoplasmic retraction, suggesting necrotic cell death. Mannose inducing glycolysis block and PEG causing dehydration resulted in relatively similar patterns of upregulation of SAG suggesting similar cell death signalling pathways for these two stress factors, whereas hydrogen peroxide caused unique patterns indicating an alternate pathway for cell death induced by oxidative stress. Ethylene did not cause appreciable changes in SAG expression, confirming necrotic cell death. Expression of AtDAD, BoMT1 and AtSAG2 genes, previously shown to be associated with plant senescence, also changed rapidly during AL-PCD in cultured cells. The profiles of nine distinct cysteine protease-active bands ranging in size from ca. 21.5 to 38.5 kDa found in the control cultures were also altered after treatment with the four stressors, with mannose and PEG again producing similar patterns. Results also suggest that cysteine proteases may have a role in necrotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Pathirana
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Phillip West
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- NZ Avocado, Level 5 Harrington House, 32 Harington Street, Tauranga, 3110, New Zealand
| | - Duncan Hedderley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jocelyn Eason
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Liu Q. TMBIM-mediated Ca 2+ homeostasis and cell death. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:850-857. [PMID: 28064000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a ubiquitous intracellular messenger that regulates numerous physiological activities in humans, animals, plants, and bacteria. Cytosolic Ca2+ is kept at a low level, but subcellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus maintain high-concentration Ca2+ stores. Under resting conditions, store Ca2+ homeostasis is dynamically regulated to equilibrate between active Ca2+ uptake and passive Ca2+ leak processes. The evolutionarily conserved Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor-1 Motif-containing (TMBIM) proteins mediate Ca2+ homeostasis and cell death. This review focuses on recent advances in functional and structural analysis of TMBIM proteins in regulation of the two related functions. The roles of TMBIM proteins in pathogen infection and cancer are also discussed with prospects for treatment. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Liu
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
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39
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Kobylińska A, Posmyk MM. Melatonin restricts Pb-induced PCD by enhancing BI-1 expression in tobacco suspension cells. Biometals 2016; 29:1059-1074. [PMID: 27785728 PMCID: PMC5116310 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a conserved substance, which was discovered in the evolutionary distant organisms like bacteria, plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. Recent studies have shown that melatonin despite its possible role in photoperiod processes, has been found to be a direct free radical scavenger and an indirect antioxidant. In this report the impact of exogenous melatonin on the Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) expression level in Nicotiana tabacum L. line Bright Yellow 2 (BY-2) suspension cells exposed to lead was examined. BI-1 is a well-conserved protein in plants and animals that serves as the inhibitor of mammalian proapoptotic proteins as well as plant ROS-induced cell death. Our results showed that pretreatment with 200 nm melatonin, expressing BI-1 and fortified tobacco suspension cells against damages induced by lead. The obtained results revealed, that melatonin significantly increases BY-2 cells proliferation and protects BY-2 cells against death. Moreover, the conducted analyses showed for the first time that the protective effect of melatonin may be connected not only with its antioxidant properties but also with its direct impact on elevating BI-1 expression and lead-induced programmed cell death (PCD) restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kobylińska
- Department of Ecophysiology and Plant Development, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Str., 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata M Posmyk
- Department of Ecophysiology and Plant Development, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Str., 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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40
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Gaguancela OA, Zúñiga LP, Arias AV, Halterman D, Flores FJ, Johansen IE, Wang A, Yamaji Y, Verchot J. The IRE1/bZIP60 Pathway and Bax Inhibitor 1 Suppress Systemic Accumulation of Potyviruses and Potexviruses in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana Plants. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:750-766. [PMID: 27578623 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-16-0147-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The inositol requiring enzyme (IRE1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor. When activated, it splices the bZIP60 mRNA, producing a truncated transcription factor that upregulates genes involved in the unfolded protein response. Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is another ER stress sensor that regulates cell death in response to environmental assaults. The potyvirus 6K2 and potexvirus TGB3 proteins are known to reside in the ER, serving, respectively, as anchors for the viral replicase and movement protein complex. This study used green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), Potato virus Y (PVY), and Potato virus X (PVX) to determine that the IRE1/bZIP60 pathway and BI-1 machinery are induced early in virus infection in Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana benthamiana, and Solanum tuberosum. Agrodelivery of only the potyvirus 6K2 or TGB3 genes into plant cells activated bZIP60 and BI-1 expression in Arabidopsis thaliana, N. benthamiana, and S. tuberosum. Homozygous ire1a-2, ire1b-4, and ire1a-2/ire1b-4 mutant Arabidopsis plants were inoculated with TuMV-GFP or PlAMV-GFP. PlAMV accumulates to a higher level in ire1a-2 or ire1a-2/ire1b-4 mutant plants than in ire1b-4 or wild-type plants. TuMV-GFP accumulates to a higher level in ire1a-2, ire1b-4, or ire1a-2/ire1b-4 compared with wild-type plants, suggesting that both isoforms contribute to TuMV-GFP infection. Gene silencing was used to knock down bZIP60 and BI-1 expression in N. benthamiana. PVX-GFP and PVY-GFP accumulation was significantly elevated in these silenced plants compared with control plants. This study demonstrates that two ER stress pathways, namely IRE1/bZIP60 and the BI-1 pathway, limit systemic accumulation of potyvirus and potexvirus infection. Silencing BI-1 expression also resulted in systemic necrosis. These data suggest that ER stress-activated pathways, led by IRE1 and BI-1, respond to invading potyvirus and potexviruses to restrict virus infection and enable physiological changes enabling plants to tolerate virus assault.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Arias Gaguancela
- 1 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
| | - Lizbeth Peña Zúñiga
- 1 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
| | - Alexis Vela Arias
- 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Dennis Halterman
- 3 Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture ARS, Madison, WI, U.S.A
| | - Francisco Javier Flores
- 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, Sangolquí, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Ida Elisabeth Johansen
- 4 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Aiming Wang
- 5 Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, AAFC, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada; and
| | - Yasuyuki Yamaji
- 6 Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jeanmarie Verchot
- 1 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A
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Ramiro DA, Melotto-Passarin DM, Barbosa MDA, Santos FD, Gomez SGP, Massola Júnior NS, Lam E, Carrer H. Expression of Arabidopsis Bax Inhibitor-1 in transgenic sugarcane confers drought tolerance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1826-37. [PMID: 26872943 PMCID: PMC5067605 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The sustainability of global crop production is critically dependent on improving tolerance of crop plants to various types of environmental stress. Thus, identification of genes that confer stress tolerance in crops has become a top priority especially in view of expected changes in global climatic patterns. Drought stress is one of the abiotic stresses that can result in dramatic loss of crop productivity. In this work, we show that transgenic expression of a highly conserved cell death suppressor, Bax Inhibitor-1 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtBI-1), can confer increased tolerance of sugarcane plants to long-term (>20 days) water stress conditions. This robust trait is correlated with an increased tolerance of the transgenic sugarcane plants, especially in the roots, to induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by the protein glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin. Our findings suggest that suppression of ER stress in C4 grasses, which include important crops such as sorghum and maize, can be an effective means of conferring improved tolerance to long-term water deficit. This result could potentially lead to improved resilience and yield of major crops in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alves Ramiro
- Depto. Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flavio Dos Santos
- Depto. Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eric Lam
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Helaine Carrer
- Depto. Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ/Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
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42
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Kørner CJ, Du X, Vollmer ME, Pajerowska-Mukhtar KM. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling in Plant Immunity--At the Crossroad of Life and Death. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26582-98. [PMID: 26556351 PMCID: PMC4661823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and complex immune responses are induced in plants upon pathogen recognition. One form of plant defense response is a programmed burst in transcription and translation of pathogenesis-related proteins, of which many rely on ER processing. Interestingly, several ER stress marker genes are up-regulated during early stages of immune responses, suggesting that enhanced ER capacity is needed for immunity. Eukaryotic cells respond to ER stress through conserved signaling networks initiated by specific ER stress sensors tethered to the ER membrane. Depending on the nature of ER stress the cell prioritizes either survival or initiates programmed cell death (PCD). At present two plant ER stress sensors, bZIP28 and IRE1, have been described. Both sensor proteins are involved in ER stress-induced signaling, but only IRE1 has been additionally linked to immunity. A second branch of immune responses relies on PCD. In mammals, ER stress sensors are involved in activation of PCD, but it is unclear if plant ER stress sensors play a role in PCD. Nevertheless, some ER resident proteins have been linked to pathogen-induced cell death in plants. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of plant ER stress signaling and its cross-talk with immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla J Kørner
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Xinran Du
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Marie E Vollmer
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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43
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Chen Y, Duan Z, Chen P, Shang Y, Wang C. The Bax inhibitor MrBI-1 regulates heat tolerance, apoptotic-like cell death, and virulence in Metarhizium robertsii. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10625. [PMID: 26023866 PMCID: PMC4448503 DOI: 10.1038/srep10625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is a highly conserved protein originally identified as a suppressor of the proapoptotic protein Bax to inhibit cell death in animals and plants. The orthologs of BI-1 are widely distributed in filamentous fungi but their functions remain largely unknown. Herein, we report the identification and characterizations of MrBI-1, an ortholog of BI-1, in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii. First, we found that MrBI-1 could partially rescue mammalian Bax-induced cell death in yeast. Deletion of MrBI-1 impaired fungal development, virulence and heat tolerance in M. robertsii. We also demonstrated that inactivation of MrBI-1 reduced fungal resistance to farnesol but not to hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that MrBI-1 contributes to antiapoptotic-like cell death via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-signaling pathway rather than the classical mitochondrium-dependent pathway. In particular, we found that unlike the observations in yeasts and plants, expression of mammalian Bax did not lead to a lethal effect in M. robertsii; however, it did aggravate the fungal apoptotic effect of farnesol. The results of this study advance our understanding of BI-1-like protein functions in filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhibing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Current address:Department of Neuroscience &Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Peilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanfang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chengshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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44
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Petrov V, Hille J, Mueller-Roeber B, Gechev TS. ROS-mediated abiotic stress-induced programmed cell death in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:69. [PMID: 25741354 PMCID: PMC4332301 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
During the course of their ontogenesis plants are continuously exposed to a large variety of abiotic stress factors which can damage tissues and jeopardize the survival of the organism unless properly countered. While animals can simply escape and thus evade stressors, plants as sessile organisms have developed complex strategies to withstand them. When the intensity of a detrimental factor is high, one of the defense programs employed by plants is the induction of programmed cell death (PCD). This is an active, genetically controlled process which is initiated to isolate and remove damaged tissues thereby ensuring the survival of the organism. The mechanism of PCD induction usually includes an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are utilized as mediators of the stress signal. Abiotic stress-induced PCD is not only a process of fundamental biological importance, but also of considerable interest to agricultural practice as it has the potential to significantly influence crop yield. Therefore, numerous scientific enterprises have focused on elucidating the mechanisms leading to and controlling PCD in response to adverse conditions in plants. This knowledge may help develop novel strategies to obtain more resilient crop varieties with improved tolerance and enhanced productivity. The aim of the present review is to summarize the recent advances in research on ROS-induced PCD related to abiotic stress and the role of the organelles in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veselin Petrov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, PlovdivBulgaria
| | - Jacques Hille
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, GroningenNetherlands
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-GolmGermany
| | - Tsanko S. Gechev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, PlovdivBulgaria
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-GolmGermany
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45
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Xue GP, Drenth J, McIntyre CL. TaHsfA6f is a transcriptional activator that regulates a suite of heat stress protection genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) including previously unknown Hsf targets. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:1025-39. [PMID: 25428996 PMCID: PMC4321556 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress is a significant environmental factor adversely affecting crop yield. Crop adaptation to high-temperature environments requires transcriptional reprogramming of a suite of genes involved in heat stress protection. This study investigated the role of TaHsfA6f, a member of the A6 subclass of heat shock transcription factors, in the regulation of heat stress protection genes in Triticum aestivum (bread wheat), a poorly understood phenomenon in this crop species. Expression analysis showed that TaHsfA6f was expressed constitutively in green organs but was markedly up-regulated during heat stress. Overexpression of TaHsfA6f in transgenic wheat using a drought-inducible promoter resulted in up-regulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and a number of other heat stress protection genes that included some previously unknown Hsf target genes such as Golgi anti-apoptotic protein (GAAP) and the large isoform of Rubisco activase. Transgenic wheat plants overexpressing TaHsfA6f showed improved thermotolerance. Transactivation assays showed that TaHsfA6f activated the expression of reporter genes driven by the promoters of several HSP genes (TaHSP16.8, TaHSP17, TaHSP17.3, and TaHSP90.1-A1) as well as TaGAAP and TaRof1 (a co-chaperone) under non-stress conditions. DNA binding analysis revealed the presence of high-affinity TaHsfA6f-binding heat shock element-like motifs in the promoters of these six genes. Promoter truncation and mutagenesis analyses identified TaHsfA6f-binding elements that were responsible for transactivation of TaHSP90.1-A1 and TaGAAP by TaHsfA6f. These data suggest that TaHsfA6f is a transcriptional activator that directly regulates TaHSP, TaGAAP, and TaRof1 genes in wheat and its gene regulatory network has a positive impact on thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Ping Xue
- CSIRO Plant Industry, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
| | - Janneke Drenth
- CSIRO Plant Industry, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
| | - C Lynne McIntyre
- CSIRO Plant Industry, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
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46
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Melloul M, Iraqi D, El Alaoui M, Erba G, Alaoui S, Ibriz M, Elfahime E. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes by
cDNA-AFLP Technique in Response to Drought Stress
in Triticum durum. Food Technol Biotechnol 2014; 52:479-488. [PMID: 27904321 PMCID: PMC5079143 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.52.04.14.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is the single largest abiotic stress factor leading to reduced crop yields. The identification of differentially expressed genes and the understanding of their functions in environmentally stressful conditions are essential to improve drought tolerance. Transcriptomics is a powerful approach for the global analysis of molecular mechanisms under abiotic stress. To identify genes that are important for drought tolerance, we analyzed mRNA populations from untreated and drought-stressed leaves of Triticum durum by cDNA- -amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) technique. Overall, 76 transcript- -derived fragments corresponding to differentially induced transcripts were successfully sequenced. Most of the transcripts identified here, using basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) database, were genes belonging to different functional categories related to metabolism, energy, cellular biosynthesis, cell defense, signal transduction, transcription regulation, protein degradation and transport. The expression patterns of these genes were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT- -PCR) based on ten selected genes representing different patterns. These results could facilitate the understanding of cellular mechanisms involving groups of genes that act in coordination in response to stimuli of water deficit. The identification of novel stress-responsive genes will provide useful data that could help develop breeding strategies aimed at improving durum wheat tolerance to field stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Melloul
- Genetic and Biometry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, BP 133,
14000 Kenitra, Morocco
- Functional Genomic Platform, Technical Unit (UATRS), National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Angle Allal Fassi, Avenue des FAR, Hay Riad, BP 8027, 10102 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Driss Iraqi
- National Institute of Agronomical Research, Avenue de la Victoire, BP 415, Rabat, Morocco
| | - MyAbdelaziz El Alaoui
- Genetic and Biometry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, BP 133,
14000 Kenitra, Morocco
- Functional Genomic Platform, Technical Unit (UATRS), National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Angle Allal Fassi, Avenue des FAR, Hay Riad, BP 8027, 10102 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Gilles Erba
- Labgene Scientific Instruments, Athens Building, Business Park, 74160 Archamps, France
| | - Sanaa Alaoui
- Functional Genomic Platform, Technical Unit (UATRS), National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Angle Allal Fassi, Avenue des FAR, Hay Riad, BP 8027, 10102 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ibriz
- Genetic and Biometry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, BP 133,
14000 Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Elmostafa Elfahime
- Functional Genomic Platform, Technical Unit (UATRS), National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (CNRST), Angle Allal Fassi, Avenue des FAR, Hay Riad, BP 8027, 10102 Rabat, Morocco
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Wang Z, Hu H, Goertzen LR, McElroy JS, Dane F. Analysis of the Citrullus colocynthis transcriptome during water deficit stress. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104657. [PMID: 25118696 PMCID: PMC4132101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrullus colocynthis is a very drought tolerant species, closely related to watermelon (C. lanatus var. lanatus), an economically important cucurbit crop. Drought is a threat to plant growth and development, and the discovery of drought inducible genes with various functions is of great importance. We used high throughput mRNA Illumina sequencing technology and bioinformatic strategies to analyze the C. colocynthis leaf transcriptome under drought treatment. Leaf samples at four different time points (0, 24, 36, or 48 hours of withholding water) were used for RNA extraction and Illumina sequencing. qRT-PCR of several drought responsive genes was performed to confirm the accuracy of RNA sequencing. Leaf transcriptome analysis provided the first glimpse of the drought responsive transcriptome of this unique cucurbit species. A total of 5038 full-length cDNAs were detected, with 2545 genes showing significant changes during drought stress. Principle component analysis indicated that drought was the major contributing factor regulating transcriptome changes. Up regulation of many transcription factors, stress signaling factors, detoxification genes, and genes involved in phytohormone signaling and citrulline metabolism occurred under the water deficit conditions. The C. colocynthis transcriptome data highlight the activation of a large set of drought related genes in this species, thus providing a valuable resource for future functional analysis of candidate genes in defense of drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Hongtao Hu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Leslie R. Goertzen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Alabama, United States of America
| | - J. Scott McElroy
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Fenny Dane
- Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Alabama, United States of America
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48
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Wang G, Qi W, Wu Q, Yao D, Zhang J, Zhu J, Wang G, Wang G, Tang Y, Song R. Identification and Characterization of Maize floury4 as a Novel Semidominant Opaque Mutant That Disrupts Protein Body Assembly. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:582-594. [PMID: 24706551 PMCID: PMC4044854 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.238030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Zeins are the major seed storage proteins in maize (Zea mays). They are synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and deposited into protein bodies. Failure of signal peptide cleavage from zeins can cause an opaque endosperm in the mature kernel; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for this phenotype are not fully understood. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel, semidominant opaque mutant, floury4 (fl4). fl4 is caused by a mutated z1A 19-kD α-zein with defective signal peptide cleavage. Zein protein bodies in fl4 endosperm are misshapen and aggregated. Immunolabeling analysis indicated that fl4 participates in the assembly of zeins into protein bodies, disrupting their proper spatial distribution. ER stress is stimulated in fl4 endosperm, as illustrated by dilated rough ER and markedly up-regulated binding protein content. Further analysis confirmed that several ER stress pathways are induced in fl4 endosperm, including ER-associated degradation, the unfolded protein response, and translational suppression by the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translational initiation factor2 α-subunit. Programmed cell death is also elevated, corroborating the intensity of ER stress in fl4. These results provide new insights into cellular responses caused by storage proteins with defective signal peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Qiao Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Dongsheng Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Jushan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Jie Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Guifeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Yuanping Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China (Gua.W., W.Q., Q.W., D.Y., J.Zha., J.Zhu, Ga.W., Gui.W., Y.T., R.S.); andCoordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, China (W.Q., Ga.W., Gui.W., R.S.)
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Hof A, Zechmann B, Schwammbach D, Hückelhoven R, Doehlemann G. Alternative cell death mechanisms determine epidermal resistance in incompatible barley-Ustilago interactions. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2014; 27:403-414. [PMID: 24329174 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-13-0317-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death is a key feature of epidermal plant immunity, which is particularly effective against biotrophic microbes that depend on living host tissue. The covered smut fungus Ustilago hordei establishes a compatible biotrophic interaction with its host plant barley. The maize smut U. maydis triggers a nonhost response in barley, which results in epidermal cell death. Similarly, Ustilago mutants being deleted for pep1, a gene encoding a secreted effector, are blocked upon host penetration. We studied the epidermal responses of barley to incompatible Ustilago strains. Molecular and cellular analyses were used to test the impact of Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1), a suppressor of programmed cell death, on the barley nonhost resistance to U. maydis as well as Ustilago Δpep1 mutants. Overexpression of BI-1 resulted in partial break of barley nonhost resistance to U. maydis. By contrast, the epidermal cell death response triggered by pep1 deletion mutants was not impaired by BI-1. Hypersensitive-response-like cell death caused by U. maydis wild-type infection showed features of necrotic cell death, while Δpep1 mutant-induced host responses involved hallmarks of autophagy. Therefore, we propose that the mechanisms of epidermal cell death in response to different types of incompatible pathogens depend on spatial and temporal appearance of cell-death-triggering stimuli.
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Shahri W, Tahir I. Flower senescence: some molecular aspects. PLANTA 2014; 239:277-97. [PMID: 24178586 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-1984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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