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Milling S, Ijaz UZ, Venieri D, Christidis GE, Rattray NJW, Gounaki I, Andrusaite A, Hareendran A, Knapp CW, Jones AX, Photos-Jones E. Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiome by leachates of Penicillium purpurogenum in the presence of clays: A model for the preparation and efficacy of historical Lemnian Earth. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0313090. [PMID: 39689103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The experiments presented here are based on the reconfiguration of an ancient medicine, Lemnian Earth (LE) (terra sigillata, stamped earth, sphragis), an acclaimed therapeutic clay with a 2500-year history of use. Based on our hypothesis that LE was not a natural material but an artificially modified one involving a clay-fungus interaction, we present results from experiments involving the co-culture of a common fungus, Penicillium purpurogenum (Pp), with two separate clay slurries, smectite and kaolin, which are the principal constituents of LE. Our results show: (a) the leachate of the Pp+smectite co-culture is antibacterial in vitro, inhibiting the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; (b) in vivo, supplementation of regular mouse diet with leachates of Pp+smectite increases intestinal microbial diversity; (c) Pp+kaolin does not produce similar results; (d) untargeted metabolomics and analysis of bacterial functional pathways indicates that the Pp+smectite-induced microbiome amplifies production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and amino acid biosynthesis, known to modulate intestinal and systemic inflammation. Our results suggest that the combination of increased microbial diversity and SCFA production indicates beneficial effects on the host microbiome, thus lending support to the argument that the therapeutic properties of LE may have been based on the potential for modulating the gut microbiome. Our experiments involving reconfigured LE open the door to future research into small molecule-based sources for promoting gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Milling
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Umer Zeeshan Ijaz
- Water and Environment Group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Danae Venieri
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - George E Christidis
- School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Nicholas J W Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Iosifina Gounaki
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Anna Andrusaite
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aravind Hareendran
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Charles W Knapp
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Effie Photos-Jones
- School of Humanities, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Analytical Services for Art and Archaeology (Ltd), Glasgow, United Kingdom
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2
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Evans N, Cloward J, Ward RE, van Wietmarschen HA, van Eekeren N, Kronberg SL, Provenza FD, van Vliet S. Pasture-finishing of cattle in Western U.S. rangelands improves markers of animal metabolic health and nutritional compounds in beef. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20240. [PMID: 39215122 PMCID: PMC11364752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As environmental and health concerns of beef production and consumption mount, there is growing interest in agroecological production methods, including finishing beef cattle on pastures with phytochemically diverse grasses, forbs, and/or shrubs. The goal of this metabolomics, lipidomics, and fatty acid methyl ester profiling study was to compare meat (pectoralis profundus) of Black Angus cattle from two commercial US beef finishing systems (pasture-finished on Western U.S. rangeland; n = 18 and grain-finished in a Midwest U.S. feedlot; n = 18). A total of 907 out of 1575 compounds differed in abundance between pasture-finished and grain-finished beef samples (all, false discovery rate adjusted P < 0.05). Pasture-finished beef contained higher levels of phenolic antioxidants (2.6-fold), alpha-tocopherol (3.1-fold), nicotinate/vitamin B3 (9.4-fold), choline (1.2-fold), myo-inositol (1.8-fold), and omega-3 fatty acids (4.1-fold). Grain-finished beef contained higher levels of gamma-tocopherol (14.6-fold), nicotinamide/vitamin B3 (1.5-fold), pantothenate/vitamin B5 (1.3-fold), and pyridoxine/vitamin B6 (1.3-fold); indicating that feeding some grain (by-products) could be beneficial to increase levels of certain B-vitamins. Pasture-finished beef samples also displayed lower levels of oxidative stress (homocysteine, 0.6-fold; and 4-hydroxy-nonenal-glutathione, 0.4-fold) and improved mitochondrial function (1.3-fold) compared to grain-finished animals. Two potential metabolites of fluoroquinolone antibiotics, 2,8-quinolinediol and 2,8-quinolinediol sulfate, were only observed in grain-finished beef, though the source remains unknown. While pasture-finished cattle displayed improved markers of metabolic health and concentrated additional, potentially health-promoting compounds in their meat, our findings should not be interpreted as that grain-finished beef is unhealthy to consume. Randomized controlled trials in humans are required to further assess whether observed differences between pasture-finished and feedlot-finished beef have an appreciable effect on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikia Evans
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jennifer Cloward
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Center for Human Nutrition Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Robert E Ward
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Center for Human Nutrition Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | | | | | - Scott L Kronberg
- Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Mandan, ND, 58554, USA
| | | | - Stephan van Vliet
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Center for Human Nutrition Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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Shija VM, Zakaria GE, Amoah K, Yi L, Huang J, Masanja F, Yong Z, Cai J. Dietary Effects of Probiotic Bacteria, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AV5 on Growth, Serum and Mucus Immune Response, Metabolomics, and Lipid Metabolism in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2024; 2024:4253969. [PMID: 39555520 PMCID: PMC11333138 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4253969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AV5 (OR647358) on the growth, serum and mucus immune responses, metabolomics, and lipid metabolism of Oreochromis niloticus. Fishes (27.2 ± 1.7 g and 9.0 ± 1.2 cm) were fed three distinct meals: a commercial diet (control-GC) and two treatment diets supplemented with probiotics at 106 (G1) and 108 cfu/g (G2), respectively, for 30 days. In the G2 group, the final weight, specific growth rate, weight gain rate, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio of the fish were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the mucus of fish were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the G1 and G2 groups. The serum total protein, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species levels were noticeably higher (p < 0.05) in fish fed G1 and G2. In addition, in the G1 and G2 groups, higher levels of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, such as pyruvate kinase, 2-hydroxyethyl-ThPP, and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, were increased. Distal gastrointestinal metabolites, such as glycerophospholipids and histidine, were observed. These findings strongly indicate that incorporating B. amyloliquefaciens AV5 at 108 cfu/g into commercial feeds positively influences fish growth, immunity, and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicent Michael Shija
- College of FisheryGuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | | | - Kwaku Amoah
- College of FisheryGuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Li Yi
- College of FisheryGuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- College of FisheryGuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | | | - Zhong Yong
- College of FisheryGuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of FisheryGuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524002, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Marine Natural Products and Combinational Biosynthesis Chemistry, Nanning 530200, China
- Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research CentreGuangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
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4
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Lemons JMS, Narrowe AB, Liu L, Firrman J, Mahalak KK, Van den Abbeele P, Baudot A, Deyaert S, Li Y, Yu L(L. Impact of Baizhu, Daqingye, and Hehuanhua extracts on the human gut microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298392. [PMID: 38145049 PMCID: PMC10740150 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In traditional Chinese medicine, the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala (Baizhu), the leaves of Isatis indigotica (Daqingye), and the flowers of Albizia julibrissin (Hehuanhua) have been used to treat gastrointestinal illnesses, epidemics, and mental health issues. Modern researchers are now exploring the underlying mechanisms responsible for their efficacy. Previous studies often focused on the impact of purified chemicals or mixed extracts from these plants on cells in tissue culture or in rodent models. Methods As modulation of the human gut microbiome has been linked to host health status both within the gastrointestinal tract and in distant tissues, the effects of lipid-free ethanol extracts of Baizhu, Daqingye, and Hehuanhua on the human adult gut microbiome were assessed using Systemic Intestinal Fermentation Research (SIFR®) technology (n=6). Results and discussion Baizhu and Daqingye extracts similarly impacted microbial community structure and function, with the extent of effects being more pronounced for Baizhu. These effects included decreases in the Bacteroidetes phylum and increases in health-related Bifidobacterium spp. and short chain fatty acids which may contribute to Baizhu's efficacy against gastrointestinal ailments. The changes upon Hehuanhua treatment were larger and included increases in multiple bacterial species, including Agathobaculum butyriciproducens, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, and Gordonibacter pamelaeae, known to produce secondary metabolites beneficial to mental health. In addition, many of the changes induced by Hehuanhua correlated with a rise in Enterobacteriaceae spp., which may make the tested dose of this herb contraindicated for some individuals. Overall, there is some evidence to suggest that the palliative effect of these herbs may be mediated, in part, by their impact on the gut microbiome, but more research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. S. Lemons
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Adrienne B. Narrowe
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - LinShu Liu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Jenni Firrman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Karley K. Mahalak
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, 0112 Skinner Building University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Liangli (Lucy) Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, 0112 Skinner Building University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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Alcolea JA, Donat-Vargas C, Chatziioannou AC, Keski-Rahkonen P, Robinot N, Molina AJ, Amiano P, Gómez-Acebo I, Castaño-Vinyals G, Maitre L, Chadeau-Hyam M, Dagnino S, Cheng SL, Scalbert A, Vineis P, Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM. Metabolomic Signatures of Exposure to Nitrate and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Spanish Multicentric Study (MCC-Spain). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19316-19329. [PMID: 37962559 PMCID: PMC11457144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the metabolomic profile associated with exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) and nitrate in drinking water and with colorectal cancer risk in 296 cases and 295 controls from the Multi Case-Control Spain project. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted in blood samples using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A variety of univariate and multivariate association analyses were conducted after data quality control, normalization, and imputation. Linear regression and partial least-squares analyses were conducted for chloroform, brominated THMs, total THMs, and nitrate among controls and for case-control status, together with a N-integration model discriminating colorectal cancer cases from controls through interrogation of correlations between the exposure variables and the metabolomic features. Results revealed a total of 568 metabolomic features associated with at least one water contaminant or colorectal cancer. Annotated metabolites and pathway analysis suggest a number of pathways as potentially involved in the link between exposure to these water contaminants and colorectal cancer, including nicotinamide, cytochrome P-450, and tyrosine metabolism. These findings provide insights into the underlying biological mechanisms and potential biomarkers associated with water contaminant exposure and colorectal cancer risk. Further research in this area is needed to better understand the causal relationship and the public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A. Alcolea
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor
Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor
Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Unit
of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | | | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- International
Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627 69366, Lyon, France
| | - Nivonirina Robinot
- International
Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627 69366, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio José Molina
- Research
Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute
of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de
León, Campus Universitario
de Vegazana, León 24071, Spain
- Faculty
of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive
Medicine and Public Health, Universidad
de León, Campus Universitario
de Vegazana, León 24071, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Ministry
of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health
and Addictions of Gipuzkoa; BioGipuzkoa
(BioDonostia) Health Research Institute, San Sebastián 20013, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universidad
de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria S/N, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor
Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Lea Maitre
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor
Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- MRC
Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United
Kingdom
| | - Sonia Dagnino
- MRC
Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United
Kingdom
- Transporters
in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine,
Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des Sciences
du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie
Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, Nice 06107, France
| | - Sibo Lucas Cheng
- MRC
Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United
Kingdom
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International
Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627 69366, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC
Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United
Kingdom
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor
Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Cristina M. Villanueva
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER
Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5,
Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor
Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Vizioli C, Jaime-Lara R, Daniel SG, Franks A, Diallo AF, Bittinger K, Tan TP, Merenstein DJ, Brooks B, Joseph PV, Maki KA. Administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain BB-12 ® in healthy children: characterization, functional composition, and metabolism of the gut microbiome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1165771. [PMID: 37333640 PMCID: PMC10275293 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1165771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The consumption of probiotics may influence children's gut microbiome and metabolome, which may reflect shifts in gut microbial diversity composition and metabolism. These potential changes might have a beneficial impact on health. However, there is a lack of evidence investigating the effect of probiotics on the gut microbiome and metabolome of children. We aimed to examine the potential impact of a two (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii; S2) vs. three (S2 + Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain BB-12) strain-supplemented yogurt. Methods Included in this study were 59 participants, aged one to five years old, recruited to phase I of a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Fecal samples were collected at baseline, after the intervention, and at twenty days post-intervention discontinuation, and untargeted metabolomics and shotgun metagenomics were performed. Results Shotgun metagenomics and metabolomic analyses showed no global changes in either intervention group's gut microbiome alpha or beta diversity indices, except for a lower microbial diversity in the S2 + BB12 group at Day 30. The relative abundance of the two and three intervention bacteria increased in the S2 and S2 + BB12 groups, respectively, from Day 0 to Day 10. In the S2 + BB12 group, the abundance of several fecal metabolites increased at Day 10, including alanine, glycine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, and valine. These fecal metabolite changes did not occur in the S2 group. Discussion In conclusion, there were were no significant differences in the global metagenomic or metabolomic profiles between healthy children receiving two (S2) vs. three (S2 + BB12) probiotic strains for 10 days. Nevertheless, we observed a significant increase (Day 0 to Day 10) in the relative abundance of the two and three probiotics administered in the S2 and S2 + BB12 groups, respectively, indicating the intervention had a measurable impact on the bacteria of interest in the gut microbiome. Future research using longer probiotic intervention durations and in children at risk for gastrointestinal disorders may elucidate if functional metabolite changes confer a protective gastrointestinal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Vizioli
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rosario Jaime-Lara
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- UCLA School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Scott G. Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alexis Franks
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ana F. Diallo
- Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Institute of Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tina P. Tan
- Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Daniel J. Merenstein
- Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Brianna Brooks
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Katherine A. Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
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7
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Zahedi E, Sadr SS, Sanaeierad A, Roghani M. Chronic acetyl-L-carnitine treatment alleviates behavioral deficits and neuroinflammation through enhancing microbiota derived-SCFA in valproate model of autism. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114848. [PMID: 37163781 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by a variety of cellular and molecular abnormalities which leads to autism-associated behaviors. Besides behavioral defects, these individuals also suffer from various associated disorders such as gastrointestinal deficit, altered gut microbiota composition and their metabolite. This study examined the effect of ALC on microbiota SCFA production and its effects on brain inflammation in VPA autism model. After prenatal exposure to valproate (600 mg/kg, i.p.) on embryonic day 12.5, followed by ALC treatment (100 mg/kg during postnatal days 23-51, p.o.), ASD-like behaviors, SCFAs amount in feces, intestine integrity (Occludin and ZO-1 tight junction proteins), systemic and brain inflammation (TNF-α and IL-1β) were assessed. Then, Golgi-Cox staining and Western blot for Iba1 protein were utilized to identify the changes in microglia profile in cerebral cortex. In the VPA model, we found that induction of autism was associated with demoted levels of SCFAs in feces and disintegration of intestine tissue which led to elevated level of TNF-α in the plasma. Further, we characterized an increased number of microglia in our histology evaluation and Iba1 protein in cerebral cortex. We also observed elevated level of TNF-α and IL-1β in the cerebral cortex of VPA rat. All these abnormalities were significantly alleviated by ALC treatment. Overall, our findings suggest that alleviation of behavioral abnormalities by ALC therapy in the VPA model of autism is associated with an improvement in the gut microbiota SCFAs, intestinal barrier and recovery of microglia and inflammation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zahedi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Shahabeddin Sadr
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ashkan Sanaeierad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Hill EB, Baxter BA, Pfluger B, Slaughter CK, Beale M, Smith HV, Stromberg SS, Tipton M, Ibrahim H, Rao S, Leach H, Ryan EP. Plasma, urine, and stool metabolites in response to dietary rice bran and navy bean supplementation in adults at high-risk for colorectal cancer. FRONTIERS IN GASTROENTEROLOGY (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 2:1087056. [PMID: 38469373 PMCID: PMC10927265 DOI: 10.3389/fgstr.2023.1087056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Dietary intake of whole grains and legumes and adequate physical activity (PA) have been associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. A single-blinded, two-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial was implemented to evaluate the impact of a 12-week dietary intervention of rice bran + navy bean supplementation and PA education on metabolite profiles and the gut microbiome among individuals at high risk of CRC. Methods Adults (n=20) were randomized 1:1 to dietary intervention or control. All participants received PA education at baseline. Sixteen study foods were prepared with either heat-stabilized rice bran + navy bean powder or Fibersol®-2 as a placebo. Intervention participants consumed 30 g rice bran + 30 g navy bean powder daily; those in the control group consumed 10 g placebo daily. Non-targeted metabolite profiling was performed by UPLC-MS/MS to evaluate plasma, urine, and stool at 0, 6, and 12 weeks. Stool was also analyzed for primary and secondary bile acids (BAs) and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by UPLC-MS/MS and microbial community structure via 16S amplicon sequencing. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare differences between groups for metabolites, and mixed models were used to compare differences between groups for BAs, SCFAs, and alpha and beta diversity measures of microbial community structure. Results Across biological matrices, the intervention resulted in changes to several amino acid and lipid metabolites, compared to control. There was a 2.33-fold difference in plasma (p<0.001) and a 3.33-fold difference in urine (p=0.008) for the amino acid S-methylcysteine at 12 weeks. Fold-differences to 4-methoxyphenol sulfate in plasma and urine after 6 and 12 weeks (p<0.001) was a novel result from this combined rice bran and navy bean intervention in people. A 2.98-fold difference in plasma (p=0.002) and a 17.74-fold difference in stool (p=0.026) was observed for the lipid octadecenedioylcarnitine at 12 weeks. For stool BAs, 3-oxocholic acid was increased at 12 weeks compared to control within a subset of individuals (mean difference 16.2 ug/uL, p=0.022). No significant differences were observed between groups for stool SCFAs or microbial community structure. Discussion Dietary intake of rice bran + navy beans demonstrates beneficial modulation of host and gut microbial metabolism and represents a practical and affordable means of increasing adherence to national guidelines for CRC control and prevention in a high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Bridget A. Baxter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Brigitte Pfluger
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Caroline K. Slaughter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Melanie Beale
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Hillary V. Smith
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sophia S. Stromberg
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Madison Tipton
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Heather Leach
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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9
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Dhanasiri AKS, Jaramillo-Torres A, Chikwati EM, Forberg T, Krogdahl Å, Kortner TM. Effects of dietary supplementation with prebiotics and Pediococcus acidilactici on gut health, transcriptome, microbiota, and metabolome in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) after seawater transfer. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:10. [PMID: 36774518 PMCID: PMC9921345 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the importance of gut microbiota for health, growth and performance of the host, the aquaculture industry has taken measures to develop functional fish feeds aiming at modulating gut microbiota and inducing the anticipated beneficial effects. However, present understanding of the impact of such functional feeds on the fish is limited. The study reported herein was conducted to gain knowledge on performance and gut health characteristics in post-smolt Atlantic salmon fed diets varying in content of functional ingredients. Three experimental diets, a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), a diet with a combination of FOS and Pediococcus acidilactici (BC) and a diet containing galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and BC, were used in a 10-weeks feeding trial. A commercial diet without functional ingredients was also included as a control/reference. Samples of blood plasma, mucosa and digesta were subjected to microbiota, transcriptome and metabolome profiling for evaluation of the diet effects. RESULTS No significant growth differences were observed between fish fed the supplemented diets, but FOS-BC fed fish showed significantly faster growth than the control fed fish. The microbiota results showed that the BC was present in both the digesta, and the mucosa samples of fish fed the FOS-BC and GOS-BC diets. Digesta-associated microbiota was altered, while mucosa-associated microbiota was relatively unaffected by diet. Replacing FOS with GOS increased the level of metabolites linked to phospholipid, fatty acid, carnitine and sphingolipid metabolism. Variation in metabolite levels between the treatments closely correlated with genera mainly belonging to Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla. The transcriptome analyses indicated diet effects of exchanging FOS with GOS on immune functions, oxidative defense and stress responses. No significant diet effect was observed on intestinal inflammation in the pyloric caeca or in the distal intestine, or on lipid accumulation in the pyloric caeca. CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplementation with BC induced moderate effects on the microbiota of the digesta, while the effects of replacing FOS with GOS were more marked and was observed also for nutrient metabolism. Our data indicates therefore that the quality of a prebiotic may be of great importance for the effects of a probiotic on gut microbiota, function, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha K. S. Dhanasiri
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Alexander Jaramillo-Torres
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Elvis M. Chikwati
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | | | - Åshild Krogdahl
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Trond M. Kortner
- grid.19477.3c0000 0004 0607 975XDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
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10
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Vizioli C, Jaime-Lara R, Daniel SG, Franks A, Diallo AF, Bittinger K, Tan TP, Merenstein DJ, Brooks B, Joseph PV, Maki KA. Administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Strain BB-12 ® in Healthy Children: Characterization, Functional Composition, and Metabolism of the Gut Microbiome. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.02.23285145. [PMID: 36798243 PMCID: PMC9934720 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.02.23285145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of probiotics may influence children's gut microbiome and metabolome, which may reflect shifts in gut microbial diversity composition and metabolism. These potential changes might have a beneficial impact on health. However, there is a lack of evidence investigating the effect of probiotics on the gut microbiome and metabolome of children. We aimed to examine the potential impact of a two ( Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ; S2) vs . three (S2 + Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain BB-12) strain-supplemented yogurt. Included in this study were 59 participants, aged one to five years old, recruited to phase I of a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Fecal samples were collected at baseline, after the intervention, and at twenty days post-intervention discontinuation, and untargeted metabolomics and shotgun metagenomics were performed. Shotgun metagenomics and metabolomic analyses showed no global changes in either intervention group's gut microbiome alpha or beta diversity indices. The relative abundance of the two and three intervention bacteria increased in the S2 and S2 + BB12 groups, respectively, from Day 0 to Day 10 . In the S2+BB12 group, the abundance of several fecal metabolites was reduced at Day 10 , including alanine, glycine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, and valine. These fecal metabolite changes did not occur in the S2 group. Future research using longer probiotic intervention durations and in children at risk for gastrointestinal disorders may elucidate if functional metabolite changes confer a protective gastrointestinal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Vizioli
- National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD,National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rosario Jaime-Lara
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD,National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD,UCLA School of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Scott G. Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexis Franks
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ana F. Diallo
- Institute of Inclusion, Inquiry & Innovation (iCubed), Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tina P. Tan
- Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Daniel J. Merenstein
- Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Brianna Brooks
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD,National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Katherine A. Maki
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20814
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11
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Huang H, Huang J, Huang W, Huang N, Duan M. Breast milk jaundice affects breastfeeding: From the perspective of intestinal flora and SCFAs-GPR41/43. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1121213. [PMID: 36895274 PMCID: PMC9990756 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1121213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast milk jaundice (BMJ) is one of the main factors leading to interruption or early termination of breastfeeding. Interrupting breastfeeding to treat BMJ may increase the adverse consequences for infant growth and disease prevention. The Intestinal flora and metabolites are increasingly recognized as a potential therapeutic target in BMJ. First, dysbacteriosis can lead to a decrease in the metabolite short-chain fatty acids. At the same time, SCFA can act on specific G protein-coupled receptors 41 and 43 (GPR41/43), and a decrease in SCFA downregulates the GPR41/43 pathway, leading to a diminished inhibition of intestinal inflammation. In addition, intestinal inflammation leads to a decrease in intestinal motility and a large amount of bilirubin enters the enterohepatic circulation. Ultimately, these changes will result in the development of BMJ. In this review, we will describe the underlying pathogenetic mechanism of the intestinal flora effects on BMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wendi Huang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nanqu Huang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Miao Duan
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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12
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Chen S, Ye W, Clements KD, Zan Z, Zhao W, Zou H, Wang G, Wu S. Bacillus licheniformis FA6 Affects Zebrafish Lipid Metabolism through Promoting Acetyl-CoA Synthesis and Inhibiting β-Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010673. [PMID: 36614116 PMCID: PMC9820476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota contributes to energy metabolism, but the molecular mechanisms involved remain less clear. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus regulate lipid metabolism in the host and are thus commonly used as beneficial probiotic supplements. In the present study, Bacillus licheniformis FA6 was selected to assess its role in modulating lipid metabolism of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Combining 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, micro-CT scan, metabolic parameters measurement, and gene expression analysis, we demonstrated that B. licheniformis FA6 changed the gut microbiota composition of zebrafish and increased both the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and lipid accumulation. In terms of metabolites, B. licheniformis FA6 appeared to promote acetate production, which increased acetyl-CoA levels and promoted lipid synthesis in the liver. In contrast, addition of B. licheniformis lowered carnitine levels, which in turn reduced fatty acid oxidation in the liver. At a molecular level, B. licheniformis FA6 upregulated key genes regulating de novo fatty acid synthesis and downregulated genes encoding key rate-limiting enzymes of fatty acid β-oxidation, thereby promoting lipid synthesis and reducing fatty acid oxidation. Generally, our results reveal that B. licheniformis FA6 promotes lipid accumulation in zebrafish through improving lipid synthesis and reducing β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weidong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kendall D. Clements
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Ziye Zan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weishan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guitang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shangong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-6878-0655
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13
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Alimajstorovic Z, Mollan SP, Grech O, Mitchell JL, Yiangou A, Thaller M, Lyons H, Sassani M, Seneviratne S, Hancox T, Jankevics A, Najdekr L, Dunn W, Sinclair AJ. Dysregulation of Amino Acid, Lipid, and Acylpyruvate Metabolism in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Non-targeted Case Control and Longitudinal Metabolomic Study. J Proteome Res 2022; 22:1127-1137. [PMID: 36534069 PMCID: PMC10088035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased intracranial pressure occurring predominantly in women with obesity. The pathogenesis is not understood. We have applied untargeted metabolomic analysis using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in IIH compared to control subjects. Methods and findings: Samples were collected from IIH patients (n = 66) with active disease at baseline and again at 12 months following therapeutic weight loss. Control samples were collected from gender- and weight-matched healthy controls (n = 20). We identified annotated metabolites in CSF, formylpyruvate and maleylpyruvate/fumarylpyruvate, which were present at lower concentrations in IIH compared to control subjects and returned to values observed in controls following weight loss. These metabolites showed the opposite trend in serum at baseline. Multiple amino acid metabolic pathways and lipid classes were perturbed in serum and CSF in IIH alone. Serum lipid metabolite pathways were significantly increased in IIH. Conclusions: We observed a number of differential metabolic pathways related to amino acid, lipid, and acylpyruvate metabolism, in IIH compared to controls. These pathways were associated with clinical measures and normalized with disease remission. Perturbation of these metabolic pathways provides initial understanding of disease dysregulation in IIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerin Alimajstorovic
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Susan P. Mollan
- Birmingham Neuro-Ophthalmology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
| | - Olivia Grech
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - James L. Mitchell
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
| | - Andreas Yiangou
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
| | - Mark Thaller
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
| | - Hannah Lyons
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
| | - Matilde Sassani
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
| | - Senali Seneviratne
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Thomas Hancox
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Andris Jankevics
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Lukáš Najdekr
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, Olomouc 77900, Czech Republic
| | - Warwick Dunn
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular, and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Alexandra J. Sinclair
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2WB, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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14
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Wang X, Hu L, Wang C, He B, Fu Z, Jin C, Jin Y. Cross-generational effects of maternal exposure to imazalil on anaerobic components and carnitine absorption associated with OCTN2 expression in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136542. [PMID: 36150497 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Imazalil (IMZ) is a fungicide recommended by the Chinese ministry of agriculture. However, recent study was observed high level of IMZ by dietary exposure in pregnant women. To determine the cross-generational effects, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to IMZ at dietary levels of 0, 0.025‰, and 0.25‰ during the gestation and lactation periods. Then, we assessed the changes in growth phenotypes, carnitine levels, and gut microbiota in F0, F1 or F2 generations. The growth phenotypes of dams didn't observe significant difference, but there were significant changes in the offspring. Plasma samples revealed low levels of free carnitine (C0), long-chain acyl-carnitines and total carnitine. In particular, C0 may be regarded as relatively potential, specific markers by maternal IMZ exposure. Caco2 cell culture and animal experiment confirmed IMZ affected carnitine absorption through the organic cation transporter type-2 (OCTN2) protein encoded by solute carrier family 22A member 5 (SLC22A5) gene in colon. Maternal IMZ exposure also had a greater effect on gut microbiota in offspring, especially anaerobic bacteria, which positively correlated with C0 and acyl-carnitines. These results suggested that maternal IMZ exposure affected carnitine absorption through OCTN2 protein, which led to the decline of anaerobic bacteria and unbalanced intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Lingyu Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Bingnan He
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Cuiyuan Jin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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15
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Sgro M, Iacono G, Yamakawa GR, Kodila ZN, Marsland BJ, Mychasiuk R. Age matters: Microbiome depletion prior to repeat mild traumatic brain injury differentially alters microbial composition and function in adolescent and adult rats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278259. [PMID: 36449469 PMCID: PMC9710846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the gut microbiome has been shown to perpetuate neuroinflammation, alter intestinal permeability, and modify repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (RmTBI)-induced deficits. However, there have been no investigations regarding the comparative effects that the microbiome may have on RmTBI in adolescents and adults. Therefore, we examined the influence of microbiome depletion prior to RmTBI on microbial composition and metabolome, in adolescent and adult Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomly assigned to standard or antibiotic drinking water for 14 days, and to subsequent sham or RmTBIs. The gut microbiome composition and metabolome were analysed at baseline, 1 day after the first mTBI, and at euthanasia (11 days following the third mTBI). At euthanasia, intestinal samples were also collected to quantify tight junction protein (TJP1 and occludin) expression. Adolescents were significantly more susceptible to microbiome depletion via antibiotic administration which increased pro-inflammatory composition and metabolites. Furthermore, RmTBI induced a transient increase in 'beneficial bacteria' (Lachnospiraceae and Faecalibaculum) in only adolescents that may indicate compensatory action in response to the injury. Finally, microbiome depletion prior to RmTBI generated a microbiome composition and metabolome that exemplified a potentially chronic pathogenic and inflammatory state as demonstrated by increased Clostridium innocuum and Erysipelatoclostridium and reductions in Bacteroides and Clostridium Sensu Stricto. Results highlight that adolescents are more vulnerable to RmTBI compared to adults and dysbiosis prior to injury may exacerbate secondary inflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Sgro
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Giulia Iacono
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn R. Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zoe N. Kodila
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Marsland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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16
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Zhou H, Liu Y, Fan J, Huang H, Deng J, Tan B. Feeding Rainbow Trout with Different Types of Non-Starch Polysaccharides: Impacts on Serum Metabolome and Gut Microbiota. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121167. [PMID: 36557205 PMCID: PMC9787720 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A 70-day feeding trial investigated the effects of dietary inclusion of different types of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) on gut microbiota and serum metabolome of rainbow trout. Four practical feeds (42% crude protein, 17% crude lipid) were prepared with 8% insoluble NSP (INSP, cellulose), 16.8% soluble NSP (SNSP, composed of 1.12% β-glucan, 1.28% mannan, 4.8% arabinoxylan, and 9.6% pectin), 24.8% NSPs (8% INSP + 16.8% SNSP), or no NSPs inclusion, respectively. Dietary NSPs inclusion had no significant influence on the Shannon, Simpson, ACE, and Chao1 indices of gut microbiota but induced a significant increase in the abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Photobacterium kishitanii, and a decrease in Firmicutes and Alistipes finegoldii. Besides, dietary SNSP upregulated the carnitine synthesis metabolic pathway. Our data suggest that dietary NSPs are detrimental to gut microbiota homeostasis and the health of rainbow trout, and dietary SNSP exhibit a stronger ability to interfere with physiological metabolism of rainbow trout than INSP. Therefore, the physiological effects of dietary NSPs, especially SNSP, should be carefully considered when designing the commercial feed formulations of rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiongting Fan
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Huajing Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Junming Deng
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (B.T.)
| | - Beiping Tan
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (B.T.)
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Liu XC, Du TT, Gao X, Zhao WJ, Wang ZL, He Y, Bao L, Li LQ. Gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids may be new biomarkers for predicting neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: A pilot study. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:969656. [PMID: 36060739 PMCID: PMC9428482 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.969656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDysbacteriosis is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We aimed to identify new biomarkers among gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) for the early prediction of NEC.Materials and methodsThirty-four preterm infants with gestational ages of ≤ 34 weeks who developed gastrointestinal symptoms were divided into the NEC group (n = 17) and non-NEC group (n = 17). In the NEC group, the gut microbiota and SCFAs in feces were assessed when the infants were enrolled (Group P) and when they were diagnosed with NEC (Group N). In the non-NEC group, samples were assessed when the infants were enrolled (Group C).ResultsThe Ace and Chao1 indices were higher in Group P than in Group C (P < 0.05), and there was no difference between Groups C and N or between Groups P and N (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Simpson and Shannon indices among Groups C, P and N (P > 0.05). The four main phyla showed no differences (P > 0.05) in composition, while at the genus level, compared with Group C, in Group P, Clostridioides, Blautia and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were increased, while Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were decreased (P < 0.05). At the species level, Streptococcus salivarius and Rothia mucilaginosa increased, while Bifidobacterium animals subsp. lactis decreased (P < 0.05). In Group N, at the genus level, Stenotrophomonas, Streptococcus and Prevotella increased (P < 0.05). Compared with those in Group C, the levels of acetic acid, propanoic acid and butyric acid decreased significantly in Groups P and N (P < 0.05), and the areas under the curves (AUCs) of these three SCFAs between groups C and P were 0.73, 0.70, and 0.68, respectively.ConclusionThe increase in Streptococcus salivarius and Rothia mucilaginosa and decrease in Bifidobacterium_animals_subsp._lactis, as well as the decrease in acetic, propionic and butyric acids, may help in the early prediction of NEC.
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18
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Effect of l-carnitine and mildronate on the mitochondrial metabolism of heart and bacterial composition of the gut microbiome in ageing mice. Life Sci 2022; 293:120333. [PMID: 35051422 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. l-Carnitine has a potent cardioprotective effect and its synthesis decreases during ageing. At the same time, there are pharmaceuticals, such as mildronate which, on the contrary, are aimed at reducing the concentration of l-carnitine in the heart and lead to slows down the oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria. Despite this, both l-carnitine and mildronate are positioned as cardio protectors. We showed that l-carnitine supplementation to the diet of 15-month-old mice increased expression of the PGC-1α gene, which is responsible for the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, and the Nrf2 gene, which is responsible for protecting mitochondria by regulating the expression of antioxidants and mitophagy, in the heart. Mildronate activated the expression of genes that regulate glucose metabolism. Probably, this metabolic shift may protect the mitochondria of the heart from the accumulation of acyl-carnitine, which occurs during the oxidation of fatty acids under oxygen deficiency. Both pharmaceuticals impacted the gut microbiome bacterial composition. l-Carnitine increased the level of Lachnoanaerobaculum and [Eubacterium] hallii group, mildronate increased the level of Bifidobacterium, Rikinella, Christensenellaceae. Considered, that these bacteria for protection the organism from various pathogens and chronic inflammation. Thus, we suggested that the positive effects of both drugs on the mitochondria metabolism and gut microbiome bacterial composition may contribute to the protection of the heart during ageing.
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19
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Gallagher K, Catesson A, Griffin JL, Holmes E, Williams HRT. Metabolomic Analysis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:813-826. [PMID: 33175138 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD], Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic, idiopathic gastrointestinal diseases. Although their precise aetiology is unknown, it is thought to involve a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and an abnormal host immune response to environmental exposures, probably microbial. Microbial dysbiosis has frequently been documented in IBD. Metabolomics [the study of small molecular intermediates and end products of metabolism in biological samples] provides a unique opportunity to characterize disease-associated metabolic changes and may be of particular use in quantifying gut microbial metabolism. Numerous metabolomic studies have been undertaken in IBD populations, identifying consistent alterations in a range of molecules across several biological matrices. This systematic review aims to summarize these findings. METHODS A comprehensive, systematic search was carried out using Medline and Embase. All studies were reviewed by two authors independently using predefined exclusion criteria. Sixty-four relevant papers were assessed for quality and included in the review. RESULTS Consistent metabolic perturbations were identified, including increases in levels of branched chain amino acids and lipid classes across stool, serum, plasma and tissue biopsy samples, and reduced levels of microbially modified metabolites in both urine [such as hippurate] and stool [such as secondary bile acids] samples. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a summary of metabolomic research in IBD to date, highlighting underlying themes of perturbed gut microbial metabolism and mammalian-microbial co-metabolism associated with disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Gallagher
- Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Alexandra Catesson
- Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK.,Institute of Health Futures, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Horace R T Williams
- Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK.,Department of Gastroenterology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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20
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Gumpenberger T, Brezina S, Keski-Rahkonen P, Baierl A, Robinot N, Leeb G, Habermann N, Kok DEG, Scalbert A, Ueland PM, Ulrich CM, Gsur A. Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Major Differences in the Plasma Metabolome between Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Adenomas. Metabolites 2021; 11:119. [PMID: 33669644 PMCID: PMC7922413 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporadic colorectal cancer is characterized by a multistep progression from normal epithelium to precancerous low-risk and high-risk adenomas to invasive cancer. Yet, the underlying molecular mechanisms of colorectal carcinogenesis are not completely understood. Within the "Metabolomic profiles throughout the continuum of colorectal cancer" (MetaboCCC) consortium we analyzed data generated by untargeted, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics using plasma from 88 colorectal cancer patients, 200 patients with high-risk adenomas and 200 patients with low-risk adenomas recruited within the "Colorectal Cancer Study of Austria" (CORSA). Univariate logistic regression models comparing colorectal cancer to adenomas resulted in 442 statistically significant molecular features. Metabolites discriminating colorectal cancer patients from those with adenomas in our dataset included acylcarnitines, caffeine, amino acids, glycerophospholipids, fatty acids, bilirubin, bile acids and bacterial metabolites of tryptophan. The data obtained discovers metabolite profiles reflecting metabolic differences between colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas and delineates a potentially underlying biological interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Gumpenberger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (T.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefanie Brezina
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (T.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France; (P.K.-R.); (N.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Baierl
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Nivonirina Robinot
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France; (P.K.-R.); (N.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Gernot Leeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberpullendorf, 7350 Oberpullendorf, Austria;
| | - Nina Habermann
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Genome Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieuwertje E G Kok
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France; (P.K.-R.); (N.R.); (A.S.)
| | | | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (T.G.); (S.B.)
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21
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Lamichhane S, Sen P, Alves MA, Ribeiro HC, Raunioniemi P, Hyötyläinen T, Orešič M. Linking Gut Microbiome and Lipid Metabolism: Moving beyond Associations. Metabolites 2021; 11:55. [PMID: 33467644 PMCID: PMC7830997 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies aiming to elucidate the role of the gut microbiome-metabolome co-axis in health and disease have primarily focused on water-soluble polar metabolites, whilst non-polar microbial lipids have received less attention. The concept of microbiota-dependent lipid biotransformation is over a century old. However, only recently, several studies have shown how microbial lipids alter intestinal and circulating lipid concentrations in the host, thus impacting human lipid homeostasis. There is emerging evidence that gut microbial communities play a particularly significant role in the regulation of host cholesterol and sphingolipid homeostasis. Here, we review and discuss recent research focusing on microbe-host-lipid co-metabolism. We also discuss the interplay of human gut microbiota and molecular lipids entering host systemic circulation, and its role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Lamichhane
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (P.S.); (M.A.A.); (H.C.R.); (P.R.); (M.O.)
| | - Partho Sen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (P.S.); (M.A.A.); (H.C.R.); (P.R.); (M.O.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Orebro University, 702 81 Orebro, Sweden
| | - Marina Amaral Alves
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (P.S.); (M.A.A.); (H.C.R.); (P.R.); (M.O.)
| | - Henrique C. Ribeiro
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (P.S.); (M.A.A.); (H.C.R.); (P.R.); (M.O.)
| | - Peppi Raunioniemi
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (P.S.); (M.A.A.); (H.C.R.); (P.R.); (M.O.)
| | | | - Matej Orešič
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (P.S.); (M.A.A.); (H.C.R.); (P.R.); (M.O.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Orebro University, 702 81 Orebro, Sweden
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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22
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Saarinen MT, Kärkkäinen O, Hanhineva K, Tiihonen K, Hibberd A, Mäkelä KA, Raza GS, Herzig KH, Anglenius H. Metabolomics analysis of plasma and adipose tissue samples from mice orally administered with polydextrose and correlations with cecal microbiota. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21577. [PMID: 33299048 PMCID: PMC7726573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polydextrose (PDX) is a branched glucose polymer, utilized as a soluble dietary fiber. Recently, PDX was found to have hypolipidemic effects and effects on the gut microbiota. To investigate these findings more closely, a non-targeted metabolomics approach, was exploited to determine metabolic alterations in blood and epididymal adipose tissue samples that were collected from C57BL/6 mice fed with a Western diet, with or without oral administration of PDX. Metabolomic analyses revealed significant differences between PDX- and control mice, which could be due to differences in diet or due to altered microbial metabolism in the gut. Some metabolites were found in both plasma and adipose tissue, such as the bile acid derivative deoxycholic acid and the microbiome-derived tryptophan metabolite indoxyl sulfate, both of which increased by PDX. Additionally, PDX increased the levels of glycine betaine and L-carnitine in plasma samples, which correlated negatively with plasma TG and positively correlated with bacterial genera enriched in PDX mice. The results demonstrated that PDX caused differential metabolite patterns in blood and adipose tissues and that one-carbon metabolism, associated with glycine betaine and L-carnitine, and bile acid and tryptophan metabolism are associated with the hypolipidemic effects observed in mice that were given PDX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- Afekta Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Afekta Technologies Ltd., Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsti Tiihonen
- DuPont Nutrition & Biosciences, Global Health & Nutrition Science, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Ashley Hibberd
- DuPont Nutrition & Biosciences, Genomics & Microbiome Science, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kari Antero Mäkelä
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu, and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ghulam Shere Raza
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu, and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu, and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Heli Anglenius
- DuPont Nutrition & Biosciences, Global Health & Nutrition Science, Kantvik, Finland
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Abstract
We critically review potential involvement of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) as a link between diet, the gut microbiota and CVD. Generated primarily from dietary choline and carnitine by gut bacteria and hepatic flavin-containing mono-oxygenase (FMO) activity, TMAO could promote cardiometabolic disease when chronically elevated. However, control of circulating TMAO is poorly understood, and diet, age, body mass, sex hormones, renal clearance, FMO3 expression and genetic background may explain as little as 25 % of TMAO variance. The basis of elevations with obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis or CHD is similarly ill-defined, although gut microbiota profiles/remodelling appear critical. Elevated TMAO could promote CVD via inflammation, oxidative stress, scavenger receptor up-regulation, reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) inhibition, and cardiovascular dysfunction. However, concentrations influencing inflammation, scavenger receptors and RCT (≥100 µm) are only achieved in advanced heart failure or chronic kidney disease (CKD), and greatly exceed pathogenicity of <1-5 µm levels implied in some TMAO-CVD associations. There is also evidence that CVD risk is insensitive to TMAO variance beyond these levels in omnivores and vegetarians, and that major TMAO sources are cardioprotective. Assessing available evidence suggests that modest elevations in TMAO (≤10 µm) are a non-pathogenic consequence of diverse risk factors (ageing, obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance/diabetes, renal dysfunction), indirectly reflecting CVD risk without participating mechanistically. Nonetheless, TMAO may surpass a pathogenic threshold as a consequence of CVD/CKD, secondarily promoting disease progression. TMAO might thus reflect early CVD risk while providing a prognostic biomarker or secondary target in established disease, although mechanistic contributions to CVD await confirmation.
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Huang Z, Pan Z, Yang R, Bi Y, Xiong X. The canine gastrointestinal microbiota: early studies and research frontiers. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:635-654. [PMID: 31992112 PMCID: PMC7524387 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1704142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The canine gut microbiota is a complex microbial population that is potentially related to metabolism, immunologic activity and gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Early studies revealed that the canine gut microbiota was dynamic, and bacterial populations in the adjacent gut segments were similar, with anaerobes predominating. Metagenomics analysis revealed that nutrient contents in the diet modulated bacterial populations and metabolites in the canine gut. Further research revealed significant correlations between dietary factors and canine gut core microbiomes. Canine GI diseases are closely correlated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorders. Probiotic-related therapies can effectively treat canine GI diseases. Recent studies have revealed that the canine gut microbiota is similar to the human gut microbiota, and dietary factors affect both. Studying canine intestinal microorganisms enables clarifying changes in the canine intestinal bacteria under different conditions, simulating human diseases in dog models, and conducting in-depth studies of the interactions between intestinal bacteria and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyu Huang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China,CONTACT Yujing Bi State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Xiong
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China,Xiaohui Xiong Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Donati Zeppa S, Agostini D, Gervasi M, Annibalini G, Amatori S, Ferrini F, Sisti D, Piccoli G, Barbieri E, Sestili P, Stocchi V. Mutual Interactions among Exercise, Sport Supplements and Microbiota. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010017. [PMID: 31861755 PMCID: PMC7019274 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult gut microbiota contains trillions of microorganisms of thousands of different species. Only one third of gut microbiota are common to most people; the rest are specific and contribute to enhancing genetic variation. Gut microorganisms significantly affect host nutrition, metabolic function, immune system, and redox levels, and may be modulated by several environmental conditions, including physical activity and exercise. Microbiota also act like an endocrine organ and is sensitive to the homeostatic and physiological changes associated with training; in turn, exercise has been demonstrated to increase microbiota diversity, consequently improving the metabolic profile and immunological responses. On the other side, adaptation to exercise might be influenced by the individual gut microbiota that regulates the energetic balance and participates to the control of inflammatory, redox, and hydration status. Intense endurance exercise causes physiological and biochemical demands, and requires adequate measures to counteract oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, electrolyte imbalance, glycogen depletion, frequent upper respiratory tract infections, systemic inflammation and immune responses. Microbiota could be an important tool to improve overall general health, performance, and energy availability while controlling inflammation and redox levels in endurance athletes. The relationship among gut microbiota, general health, training adaptation and performance, along with a focus on sport supplements which are known to exert some influence on the microbiota, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Donati Zeppa
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (S.D.Z.); Tel.: +39-0722-303-423 (D.A.); +39-0722-303-422 (S.D.Z.); Fax: +39-0722-303-401 (D.A. & S.D.Z.)
| | - Deborah Agostini
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (S.D.Z.); Tel.: +39-0722-303-423 (D.A.); +39-0722-303-422 (S.D.Z.); Fax: +39-0722-303-401 (D.A. & S.D.Z.)
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26
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van der Kamp JW, Harris PJ. Editorial for the Special Issue "Dietary Fibre: New Insights on Biochemistry and Health Benefits". Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113556. [PMID: 30424541 PMCID: PMC6274675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philip J Harris
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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27
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Luo H, Gu C, Liu C, Wang Y, Wang H, Li Y. Plasma metabolic profiling analysis of Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F-induced renal toxicity using metabolomics coupled with UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:1153-1163. [PMID: 30510685 PMCID: PMC6220728 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00115d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. (SNV) and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) have received extensive attention due to their excellent clinical efficacies. However, clinical applications of SNV and TwHF have been limited by their narrow therapeutic windows and severe kidney toxicities. In this paper, based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS), endogenous metabolites after administration of SNV and TwHF extracts were detected, and biomarkers were screened successfully. Additionally, the levels of Cr and BUN in serum and pathological findings of kidneys were detected and observed. Finally, both biochemical and pathological tests of the SNV group and TwHF group indicated that kidney damage had occurred. After comparison with the normal saline group, 15 nephrotoxic biomarkers were selected from the SNV group, and 17 nephrotoxic biomarkers were selected from the TwHF group. The experimental results showed that there are some differences in the mechanisms of nephrotoxicity induced by SNV and TwHF, which are significant for revealing the mechanisms of renal injury of different medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houmin Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 312 Anshan West Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China . ;
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 88 , Yuquan Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Caiyun Gu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 312 Anshan West Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China . ;
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 88 , Yuquan Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 312 Anshan West Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China . ;
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 88 , Yuquan Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Yuming Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 312 Anshan West Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China . ;
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 88 , Yuquan Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 312 Anshan West Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China . ;
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 88 , Yuquan Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Yubo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 312 Anshan West Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China . ;
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 88 , Yuquan Road , Nankai District , Tianjin 300193 , China
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