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Guo Y, Zhang G, Li Z, Liao X, Sun W, Jiang X. Revealing the Effects of Zinc Sulphate Treatment on Melatonin Synthesis and Regulatory Gene Expression in Germinating Hull-Less Barley through Transcriptomic Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1077. [PMID: 39202436 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the transcriptomic mechanisms underlying melatonin accumulation and the enhancement of salt tolerance in hull-less barley seeds subjected to zinc sulphate stress. Following zinc sulphate treatment, hull-less barley seeds demonstrated increased melatonin accumulation and improved salt tolerance. Through transcriptome analysis, the study compared gene expression alterations in seeds (using the first letter of seed, this group is marked as 'S'), seeds treated with pure water (as the control group, is marked as 'C'), and germinated seeds exposed to varying concentrations of zinc sulphate (0.2 mM and 0.8 mM, the first letter of zinc sulphate, 'Z', is used to mark groups 'Z1' and 'Z2'). The analysis revealed that 8176, 759, and 622 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the three comparison groups S.vs.C, C.vs.Z1, and C.vs.Z2, respectively. Most of the DEGs were closely associated with biological processes, including oxidative-stress response, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and plant hormone signaling. Notably, zinc sulphate stress influenced the expression levels of Tryptophan decarboxylase 1 (TDC1), Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase 1 (ASMT1), and Serotonin N-acetyltransferase 2 (SNAT2), which are key genes involved in melatonin synthesis. Furthermore, the expression changes of genes such as Probable WRKY transcription factor 75 (WRKY75) and Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF13 (EFR13) exhibited a strong correlation with fluctuations in melatonin content. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying melatonin enrichment in response to zinc sulphate stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Guo
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhenghong Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xueyi Liao
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Wu Sun
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xinhao Jiang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
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Thakral V, Sudhakaran S, Jadhav H, Mahakalkar B, Sehra A, Dhar H, Kumar S, Sonah H, Sharma TR, Deshmukh R. Unveiling silicon-mediated cadmium tolerance mechanisms in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): Integrative insights from gene expression, antioxidant responses, and metabolomics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134671. [PMID: 38833953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), one of the most phytotoxic heavy metals, is a major contributor to yield losses in several crops. Silicon (Si) is recognized for its vital role in mitigating Cd toxicity, however, the specific mechanisms governing this mitigation process are still not fully understood. In the present study, the effect of Si supplementation on mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) plants grown under Cd stress was investigated to unveil the intricate pathways defining Si derived stress tolerance. Non-invasive leaf imaging technique revealed improved growth, biomass, and photosynthetic efficiency in Si supplemented mungbean plants under Cd stress. Further, physiological and biochemical analysis revealed Si mediated increase in activity of glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) enzymes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism leading to mitigation of cellular damage and oxidative stress. Untargeted metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provided insights into Si mediated changes in metabolites and their respective pathways under Cd stress. Alteration in five different metabolic pathways with major changes in flavanols and flavonoids biosynthesis pathway which is essential for controlling plants antioxidant defense system and oxidative stress management were observed. The information reported here about the effects of Si on photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant responses, and metabolic changes will be helpful in understanding the Si-mediated resistance to Cd stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Thakral
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sreeja Sudhakaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harish Jadhav
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Badal Mahakalkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India
| | - Anupam Sehra
- Department of Zoology, Government College, Hisar, India
| | - Hena Dhar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biosciences, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India.
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- Division of Crop Science, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR), Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India.
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Hussain MI, Khan ZI, Ahmad K, Naeem M, Ali MA, Elshikh MS, Zaman QU, Iqbal K, Muscolo A, Yang HH. Toxicity and bioassimilation of lead and nickel in farm ruminants fed on diversified forage crops grown on contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116812. [PMID: 39094457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The cultivation of forage crops on wastewater-irrigated soils, while common in many developing countries, poses significant risks due to heavy metal pollution, particularly Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ni). This practice, aimed at addressing water scarcity challenges and providing affordable irrigation, was investigated for its ecological and human health implications across three diverse sites (site A, site B, and site C). Our study unveiled increases in Pb concentrations in contaminated soil, cultivated with Sesbania bispinosa showing the highest Pb accumulation. The Ni concentrations ranged from 5.34 to 10.43 across all forage crop samples, with S. fruticosa from site C displaying the highest Ni concentration and S. bicolor from site A exhibiting the lowest. Trace element concentrations in the specimens were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The Pb levels in the blood, hair, and feces of farm ruminants (cows, buffaloes, and sheep) varied across the sites, with buffaloes consistently displaying the highest Pb levels. Insights into daily Pb intake by ruminant's highlighted variations influenced by plant species, animal types, and sites, with site C, the cows exhibiting the highest Health Risk Index (HRI) associated with lead exposure from consuming forage crops. Soil and forage samples showed Pb concentrations ranging from 8.003 to 12.29 mg/kg and 6.69-10.52 mg/kg, respectively, emphasizing the severe health risks associated with continuous sewage usage. Variations in Ni concentrations across animal blood, hair, and feces samples underscored the importance of monitoring Ni exposure in livestock, with sheep at site B consistently showing the highest Ni levels. These findings highlight the necessity of vigilance in monitoring trace element (Pb and Ni) exposure in forage crops and livestock, to mitigate potential health risks associated with their consumption, with variations dependent on species, site, and trace element concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain.
| | | | - Kafeel Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Majida Naeem
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab 50700, Pakistan
| | - Adele Muscolo
- Department of Agriculture, Mediterranean University, Feo di Vito, Reggio Calabria 89122, Italy
| | - Hsi-Hsien Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, No. 168, Jifeng E. Rd., Wufeng District, Taichung 413310, Taiwan.
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Sharma I, Sharma S, Sharma V, Singh AK, Sharma A, Kumar A, Singh J, Sharma A. PGPR-Enabled bioremediation of pesticide and heavy metal-contaminated soil: A review of recent advances and emerging challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142678. [PMID: 38908452 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The excessive usage of agrochemicals, including pesticides, along with various reckless human actions, has ensued discriminating prevalence of pesticides and heavy metals (HMs) in crop plants and the environment. The enhanced exposure to these chemicals is a menace to living organisms. The pesticides may get bioaccumulated in the food chain, thereby leading to several deteriorative changes in the ecosystem health and a rise in the cases of some serious human ailments including cancer. Further, both HMs and pesticides cause some major metabolic disturbances in plants, which include oxidative burst, osmotic alterations and reduced levels of photosynthesis, leading to a decline in plant productivity. Moreover, the synergistic interaction between pesticides and HMs has a more serious impact on human and ecosystem health. Various attempts have been made to explore eco-friendly and environmentally sustainable methods of improving plant health under HMs and/or pesticide stress. Among these methods, the employment of PGPR can be a suitable and effective strategy for managing these contaminants and providing a long-term remedy. Although, the application of PGPR alone can alleviate HM-induced phytotoxicities; however, several recent reports advocate using PGPR with other micro- and macro-organisms, biochar, chelating agents, organic acids, plant growth regulators, etc., to further improve their stress ameliorative potential. Further, some PGPR are also capable of assisting in the degradation of pesticides or their sequestration, reducing their harmful effects on plants and the environment. This present review attempts to present the current status of our understanding of PGPR's potential in the remediation of pesticides and HMs-contaminated soil for the researchers working in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, University Institute of Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India
| | - Shivika Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Department of Agriculture Sciences, University Institute of Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India
| | - Aksh Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, University Institute of Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144030, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Hqrs. Lumami, Zunheboto, Nagaland, 798627, India.
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India.
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Yin Z, Xie Y, Wang S, Li Q, Wan S, Chen L, Dai X, Wang R, Desneux N, Zhi J, Tang B. Bioaccumulation and transferreing for impacts on Cd and Pb by aphid consumption of the broad bean, Vicia faba L, in soil heavy metal pollution. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142429. [PMID: 38797206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution threatens human and ecological health. Heavy metals can exist in the soil for a long time and migrate to organisms along the food chain. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of a single stress on broad beans. Here, we aimed to characterize Cd and Pb bioaccumulation, at varying concentrations, in the broad bean, Vicia faba L. We also determined how the bioaccumulated metals are impacted by aphids that consume the plant. No significant difference was noted in the germination rates of broad beans at the early stage of planting (after 8 days), but eventually, the germination rates of broad beans at all time points first decreased and then increased, and the highest inhibition efficiency was observed in the T3 group (12.5 mg/L Cd2+ + 50 mg/L Pb2+). Fourteen days after planting, there was no significant difference in seedling height between the T5 (50 mg/L Cd2+ + 200 mg/L Pb2+) and control groups; however, that in the other groups decreased significantly and there was no dependence between stress concentration and inhibition efficiency. In addition, both Cd and Pb in the soil could be transferred to broad beans, and the concentration of Pb in the roots of broad beans was greater than that of Cd, whereas the opposite was observed in the stems and leaves. Notably, under mixed stress, aphids could significantly reduce the content of Cd in broad beans; similarly, the Pb content in the roots and stems of broad beans decreased significantly after being infested with aphids but increased significantly in the leaves. Further, the aphid infestation decreased the Pb content in the soil and the soil Cd content in the highest concentration group (T5 group) (50 mg/L Cd2+ + 200 mg/L Pb2+). These results highlight the necessity of focusing on the effect of insects on heavy metal remediation in plants and provide a new perspective for reducing plant Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjuan Yin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yexin Xie
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Qimei Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Sijing Wan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Liya Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ruijuan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | | | - Junrui Zhi
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Bin Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
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Khan M, Hussain A, Yun BW, Mun BG. Melatonin: The Multifaceted Molecule in Plant Growth and Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6799. [PMID: 38928504 PMCID: PMC11203645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL), a hormone primarily known for its role in regulating sleep and circadian rhythms in animals, has emerged as a multifaceted molecule in plants. Recent research has shed light on its diverse functions in plant growth and defense mechanisms. This review explores the intricate roles of MEL in plant growth and defense responses. MEL is involved in plant growth owing to its influence on hormone regulation. MEL promotes root elongation and lateral root formation and enhances photosynthesis, thereby promoting overall plant growth and productivity. Additionally, MEL is implicated in regulating the circadian rhythm of plants, affecting key physiological processes that influence plant growth patterns. MEL also exhibits antioxidant properties and scavenges reactive oxygen species, thereby mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, it activates defense pathways against various biotic stressors. MEL also enhances the production of secondary metabolites that contribute to plant resistance against environmental changes. MEL's ability to modulate plant response to abiotic stresses has also been extensively studied. It regulates stomatal closure, conserves water, and enhances stress tolerance by activating stress-responsive genes and modulating signaling pathways. Moreover, MEL and nitric oxide cooperate in stress responses, antioxidant defense, and plant growth. Understanding the mechanisms underlying MEL's actions in plants will provide new insights into the development of innovative strategies for enhancing crop productivity, improving stress tolerance, and combating plant diseases. Further research in this area will deepen our knowledge of MEL's intricate functions and its potential applications in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Zhang L, Zengin G, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Yildiztugay E, Arikan B, Ekim R, Koyukan B, Elbasan F, Lucini L. Exogenous curcumin mitigates As stress in spinach plants: A biochemical and metabolomics investigation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108713. [PMID: 38739963 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The spinach (S. oleracea L.) was used as a model plant to investigate As toxicity on physio-biochemical processes, exploring the potential mitigation effect of curcumin (Cur) applied exogenously at three concentrations (1, 10, and 20 μM Cur). The employment of Cur significantly mitigated As-induced stress in spinach photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm, Fo/Fm, and Fv/Fo). Moreover, the co-incubation of Cur with As improved physiological processes mainly associated with plant water systems affected by As stress by recovering the leaf's relative water content (RWC) and osmotic potential (ψπ) nearly to the control level and increasing the transpiration rate (E; 39-59%), stomatal conductivity (gs; 86-116%), and carbon assimilation rate (A; 84-121%) compared to As stressed plants. The beneficial effect of Cur in coping with As-induced stress was also assessed at the plant's oxidative level by reducing oxidative stress biomarkers (H2O2 and MDA) and increasing non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was adopted to investigate the main processes affected by As and Cur application. A multifactorial ANOVA discrimination model (AMOPLS-DA) and canonical correlation analysis (rCCA) were employed to identify relevant metabolic changes and biomarkers associated with Cur and As treatments. The results highlighted that Cur significantly determined the accumulation of glucosinolates, phenolic compounds, and an increase in glutathione redox cycle activities, suggesting an overall elicitation of plant secondary metabolisms. Specifically, the correlation analysis reported a strong and positive correlation between (+)-dihydrokaempferol, L-phenylalanine (precursor of phenolic compounds), and serotonin-related metabolites with antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH), suggesting the involvement of Cur application in promoting a cross-talk between ROS signaling and phytohormones, especially melatonin and serotonin, working coordinately to alleviate As-induced oxidative stress. The modulation of plant metabolism was also observed at the level of amino acids, fatty acids, and secondary metabolites synthesis, including N-containing compounds, terpenes, and phenylpropanoids to cooperate with As-induced stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, 42090, Konya, Turkey
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Busra Arikan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Ekim
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Buket Koyukan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fevzi Elbasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
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Kour J, Bhardwaj T, Chouhan R, Singh AD, Gandhi SG, Bhardwaj R, Alsahli AA, Ahmad P. Phytomelatonin maintained chromium toxicity induced oxidative burst in Brassica juncea L. through improving antioxidant system and gene expression. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124256. [PMID: 38810673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) contamination in soils reduces crop yields and poses a remarkable risk to human and plant system. The main objective of this study was to observe the protective mechanisms of exogenously applied melatonin (Mel- 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 μM) in seedlings of Brassica juncea L. under Cr (0.2 mM) stress. This was accomplished by analysing the plant's morpho-physiological, biochemical, nuclear, membrane, and cellular characteristics, as well as electrolyte leakage. Superoxide, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide increased with Cr toxicity. Cr also increased electrolyte leakage. Seedlings under Cr stress had 86.4% more superoxide anion and 27.4% more hydrogen peroxide. Electrolyte leakage increased 35.7% owing to Cr toxicity. B. juncea L. cells with high radical levels had membrane and nuclear damage and decreased viability. Besides this, the activities of the antioxidative enzymes, as POD, APOX, SOD, GST, DHAR, GPOX and GR also elevated in the samples subjected to Cr toxicity. Conversely, the activity of catalase was downregulated due to Cr toxicity. In contrast, Mel reduced oxidative damage and conserved membrane integrity in B. juncea seedlings under Cr stress by suppressing ROS generation. Moreover, the activity of antioxidative enzymes that scavenge reactive oxygen species was substantially upregulated by the exogenous application of Mel. The highest concentration of Mel (Mel c- 0.15 μM) applied showed maximum ameliorative effect on the toxicity caused by Cr. It causes alleviation in the activity of SOD, CAT, POD, GPOX, APOX, DHAR, GST and GR by 51.32%, 114%, 26.44%, 48.91%, 87.51%, 149%, 42.30% and 40.24% respectively. Histochemical investigations showed that Mel increased cell survival and reduced ROS-induced membrane and nuclear damage. The findings showed that Mel treatment upregulated several genes, promoting plant development. Its supplementation decreased RBOH1 gene expression in seedling sunder stress. The results supported the hypothesis that Mel concentrations reduce Cr-induced oxidative burst in B. juncea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tamanna Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rekha Chouhan
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), CSIR, Jammu, India
| | - Arun Dev Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), CSIR, Jammu, India.
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Nabaei M, Amooaghaie R, Ghorbanpour M, Ahadi A. Crosstalk between melatonin and nitric oxide restrains Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and enhances vinblastine biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus (L) G Don. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:139. [PMID: 38735908 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Nitric oxide functions downstream of the melatonin in adjusting Cd-induced osmotic and oxidative stresses, upregulating the transcription of D4H and DAT genes, and increasing total alkaloid and vincristine contents. A few studies have investigated the relationship between melatonin (MT) and nitric oxide (NO) in regulating defensive responses. However, it is still unclear how MT and NO interact to regulate the biosynthesis of alkaloids and vincristine in leaves of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don under Cd stress. Therefore, this context was explored in the present study. Results showed that Cd toxicity (200 µM) induced oxidative stress, decreased biomass, Chl a, and Chl b content, and increased the content of total alkaloid and vinblastine in the leaves. Application of both MT (100 µM) and sodium nitroprusside (200 µM SNP, as NO donor) enhanced endogenous NO content and accordingly increased metal tolerance index, the content of total alkaloid and vinblastine. It also upregulated the transcription of two respective genes (D4H and DAT) under non-stress and Cd stress conditions. Moreover, the MT and SNP treatments reduced the content of H2O2 and malondialdehyde, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase, enhanced proline accumulation, and improved relative water content in leaves of Cd-exposed plants. The scavenging NO by 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxy l-3-oxide (cPTIO) averted the effects of MT on the content of total alkaloid and vinblastine and antioxidative responses. Still, the effects conferred by NO on attributes mentioned above were not significantly impaired by p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA as an inhibitor of MT biosynthesis). These findings and multivariate analyses indicate that MT motivated terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis and mitigated Cd-induced oxidative stress in the leaves of periwinkle in a NO-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Nabaei
- Plant Science Department, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rayhaneh Amooaghaie
- Plant Science Department, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Alimohammad Ahadi
- Genetic Department, Science Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
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10
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Zheng Q, Xin J, Zhao C, Tian R. Role of methylglyoxal and glyoxalase in the regulation of plant response to heavy metal stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:103. [PMID: 38502356 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Methylglyoxal and glyoxalase function a significant role in plant response to heavy metal stress. We update and discuss the most recent developments of methylglyoxal and glyoxalase in regulating plant response to heavy metal stress. Methylglyoxal (MG), a by-product of several metabolic processes, is created by both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. It plays an important role in plant growth and development, signal transduction, and response to heavy metal stress (HMS). Changes in MG content and glyoxalase (GLY) activity under HMS imply that they may be potential biomarkers of plant stress resistance. In this review, we summarize recent advances in research on the mechanisms of MG and GLY in the regulation of plant responses to HMS. It has been discovered that appropriate concentrations of MG assist plants in maintaining a balance between growth and development and survival defense, therefore shielding them from heavy metal harm. MG and GLY regulate plant physiological processes by remodeling cellular redox homeostasis, regulating stomatal movement, and crosstalking with other signaling molecules (including abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, jasmonic acid, cytokinin, salicylic acid, melatonin, ethylene, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide). We also discuss the involvement of MG and GLY in the regulation of plant responses to HMS at the transcriptional, translational, and metabolic levels. Lastly, considering the current state of research, we present a perspective on the future direction of MG research to elucidate the MG anti-stress mechanism and offer a theoretical foundation and useful advice for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated environments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zheng
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianpan Xin
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chu Zhao
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runan Tian
- College of Architecture Landscape, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Qiu CW, Richmond M, Ma Y, Zhang S, Liu W, Feng X, Ahmed IM, Wu F. Melatonin enhances cadmium tolerance in rice via long non-coding RNA-mediated modulation of cell wall and photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133251. [PMID: 38141306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In plants, melatonin (MLT) is a versatile signaling molecule involved in promoting plant development and mitigating the damage caused by heavy metal exposure. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential components in the plant's response to various abiotic stress, functioning within the gene regulatory network. Here, a hydroponic experiment was performed to explore the involvement of lncRNAs in MLT-mediated amelioration of cadmium (Cd) toxicity in rice plants. The results demonstrated that applying 250 mg L-1 MLT in a solution containing 10 μM Cd leads to an effective reduction of 30.0% in shoot Cd concentration. Remarkably, the treatment resulted in a 21.2% improvement in potassium and calcium uptake, a 164.5% enhancement in net photosynthetic rate, and a 33.2% decrease in malondialdehyde accumulation, resulting increases in plant height, root length, and biomass accumulation. Moreover, a transcriptome analysis revealed 2510 differentially expressed transcripts, including the Cd transporters (-3.82-fold downregulated) and the Cd tolerance-associated genes (1.24-fold upregulated). Notably, regulatory network prediction uncovered 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs that act as competitive endogenous RNA or in RNA complex interactions. These key lncRNAs regulate the expression of target genes that are involved in pectin and cellulose metabolism, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, salicylic acid-mediated defense response, and biosynthesis of brassinosteroids, which ultimately modify the cell wall for Cd adsorption, safeguard photosynthesis, and control hormone signaling to reduce Cd toxicity. Our results unveiled a crucial lncRNA-mediated mechanism underlying MLT's role in Cd detoxification in rice plants, providing potential applications in agricultural practices and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Marvin Richmond
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenxing Liu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Center for Viticulture & Small Fruit Research, Florida A&M University, FL 32317, USA
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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12
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Kumar S, Wang S, Wang M, Zeb S, Khan MN, Chen Y, Zhu G, Zhu Z. Enhancement of sweetpotato tolerance to chromium stress through melatonin and glutathione: Insights into photosynthetic efficiency, oxidative defense, and growth parameters. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108509. [PMID: 38461751 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) roles in mitigating chromium (Cr) toxicity in sweetpotato were explored. Plants, pre-treated with varying MT and GSH doses, were exposed to Cr (40 μM). Cr severely hampered growth by disrupting leaf photosynthesis, root system, and oxidative processes and increased Cr absorption. However, the exogenous application of 1 μM of MT and 2 mM of GSH substantially improved growth parameters by enhancing chlorophyll content, gas exchange (Pn, Tr, Gs, and Ci), and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm, ETR, qP, and Y(II)). Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide ion (O2•-), electrolyte leakage (EL), and Cr uptake by roots (21.6 and 27.3%) and its translocation to shoots were markedly reduced by MT and GSH application, protecting the cell membrane from oxidative damage of Cr-toxicity. Microscopic analysis demonstrated that MT and GSH maintained chloroplast structure and integrity of mesophyll cells; they also enhanced stomatal length, width, and density, strengthening the photosynthetic system and plant growth and biomass. MT and GSH improved osmo-protectants (proline and soluble sugars), gene expression, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities, mitigating osmotic stress and strengthening plant defenses under Cr stress. Importantly, the efficiency of GSH pre-treatment in reducing Cr-toxicity surpassed that of MT. The findings indicate that MT and GSH alleviate Cr detrimental effects by enhancing photosynthetic organ stability, component accumulation, and resistance to oxidative stress. This study is a valuable resource for plants confronting Cr stress in contaminated soils, but further field validation and detailed molecular exploration are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjeet Kumar
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shihai Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mengzhao Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shah Zeb
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mohammad Nauman Khan
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guopeng Zhu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Zhixin Zhu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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13
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Sun J, He X, LE Y, Al-Tohamy R, Ali SS. Potential applications of extremophilic bacteria in the bioremediation of extreme environments contaminated with heavy metals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120081. [PMID: 38237330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Protecting the environment from harmful pollutants has become increasingly difficult in recent decades. The presence of heavy metal (HM) pollution poses a serious environmental hazard that requires intricate attention on a worldwide scale. Even at low concentrations, HMs have the potential to induce deleterious health effects in both humans and other living organisms. Therefore, various strategies have been proposed to address this issue, with extremophiles being a promising solution. Bacteria that exhibit resistance to metals are preferred for applications involving metal removal due to their capacity for rapid multiplication and growth. Extremophiles are a special group of microorganisms that are capable of surviving under extreme conditions such as extreme temperatures, pH levels, and high salt concentrations where other organisms cannot. Due to their unique enzymes and adaptive capabilities, extremophiles are well suited as catalysts for environmental biotechnology applications, including the bioremediation of HMs through various strategies. The mechanisms of resistance to HMs by extremophilic bacteria encompass: (i) metal exclusion by permeability barrier; (ii) extracellular metal sequestration by protein/chelator binding; (iii) intracellular sequestration of the metal by protein/chelator binding; (iv) enzymatic detoxification of a metal to a less toxic form; (v) active transport of HMs; (vi) passive tolerance; (vii) reduced metal sensitivity of cellular targets to metal ions; and (viii) morphological change of cells. This review provides comprehensive information on extremophilic bacteria and their potential roles for bioremediation, particularly in environments contaminated with HMs, which pose a threat due to their stability and persistence. Genetic engineering of extremophilic bacteria in stressed environments could help in the bioremediation of contaminated sites. Due to their unique characteristics, these organisms and their enzymes are expected to bridge the gap between biological and chemical industrial processes. However, the structure and biochemical properties of extremophilic bacteria, along with any possible long-term effects of their applications, need to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Xing He
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yilin LE
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Rania Al-Tohamy
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Sameh S Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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14
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Hussain M, Hafeez A, Al-Huqail AA, Alsudays IM, Alghanem SMS, Ashraf MA, Rasheed R, Rizwan M, Abeed AHA. Effect of hesperidin on growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant systems and uptake of cadmium, copper, chromium and zinc by Celosia argentea plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108433. [PMID: 38364631 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and extensive agricultural practices are the major causes of soil heavy metal contamination, which needs urgent attention to safeguard the soils from contamination. However, the phytotoxic effects of excessive metals in plants are the primary obstacle to efficient phytoextraction. The present study evaluated the effects of hesperidin (HSP) on metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn) phytoextraction by hyperaccumulator (Celosia argentea L.) plants. For this purpose, HSP, a flavonoid compound with strong antioxidant potential to assist metal phytoextraction was used under metal stress in plants. Celosia argentea plants suffered significant (P ≤ 0.001) oxidative damage due to the colossal accumulation of metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn). However, HSP supplementation notably (P ≤ 0.001) abated ROS generation (O2•‒, •OH, H2O2), lipoxygenase activity, methylglyoxal production, and relative membrane permeability that clearly indicated HSP-mediated decline in oxidative injury in plants. Exogenous HSP improved (P ≤ 0.001) the production of non-protein thiol, phytochelatins, osmolytes, and antioxidant compounds. Further, HSP enhanced (P ≤ 0.001) H2S and NO endogenous production, which might have improved the GSH: GSSG ratio. Consequently, HSP-treated C. argentea plants had higher biomass alongside elevated metal accumulation mirrored as profound modifications in translocation factor (TF), bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC), and bioconcentration factor (BCF). In this context, HSP significantly enhanced TF of Cr (P ≤ 0.001), Cd (P ≤ 0.001), and Zn (P ≤ 0.01), while BAC of Cr (P ≤ 0.001), Cd (P ≤ 0.001), and Zn (P ≤ 0.001). Further, BCF was significant (P ≤ 0.05) only in plants grown under Cr-spiked soil. Overall, HSP has the potential for phytoremediation of metals by C. argentea, which might be a suitable strategy for metal-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Hafeez
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Amany H A Abeed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
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15
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Ameen M, Zafar A, Mahmood A, Zia MA, Kamran K, Javaid MM, Yasin M, Khan BA. Melatonin as a master regulatory hormone for genetic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana: a comprehensive review. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23248. [PMID: 38310885 DOI: 10.1071/fp23248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is a naturally occurring biologically active amine produced by plants, animals and microbes. This review explores the biosynthesis of melatonin in plants, with a particular focus on its diverse roles in Arabidopsis thaliana , a model species. Melatonin affects abiotic and biotic stress resistance in A. thaliana . Exogenous and endogenous melatonin is addressed in association with various conditions, including cold stress, high light stress, intense heat and infection with Botrytis cinerea or Pseudomonas , as well as in seed germination and lateral root formation. Furthermore, melatonin confers stress resistance in Arabidopsis by initiating the antioxidant system, remedying photosynthesis suppression, regulating transcription factors involved with stress resistance (CBF, DREB, ZAT, CAMTA, WRKY33, MYC2, TGA) and other stress-related hormones (abscisic acid, auxin, ethylene, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid). This article additionally addresses other precursors, metabolic components, expression of genes (COR , CBF , SNAT , ASMT , PIN , PR1 , PDF1.2 and HSFA ) and proteins (JAZ, NPR1) associated with melatonin and reducing both biological and environmental stressors. Furthermore, the future perspective of melatonin rich agri-crops is explored to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, maximise crop productivity and enhance nutritional worth, which may help improve food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaz Ameen
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Zafar
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anjum Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Kamran
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mansoor Javaid
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Khan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
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16
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He M, Geng G, Mei S, Wang G, Yu L, Xu Y, Wang Y. Melatonin modulates the tolerance of plants to water stress: morphological response of the molecular mechanism. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23199. [PMID: 38354692 DOI: 10.1071/fp23199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Water stress (drought and waterlogging) leads to an imbalance in plant water distribution, disrupts cell homeostasis, and severely inhibits plant growth. Melatonin is a growth hormone that plants synthesise and has been shown to resist adversity in many plants. This review discusses the biosynthesis and metabolism of melatonin, as well as the changes in plant morphology and physiological mechanisms caused by the molecular defence process. Melatonin induces the expression of related genes in the process of plant photosynthesis under stress and protects the structural integrity of chloroplasts. Exogenous melatonin can maintain the dynamic balance of root ion exchange under waterlogging stress. Melatonin can repair mitochondria and alleviate damage caused by reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species; and has a wide range of uses in the regulation of stress-specific genes and the activation of antioxidant enzyme genes. Melatonin improves the stability of membrane lipids in plant cells and maintains osmotic balance by regulating water channels. There is crosstalk between melatonin and other hormones, which jointly improve the ability of the root system to absorb water and breathe and promote plant growth. Briefly, as a multifunctional molecule, melatonin improves the tolerance of plants under water stress and promotes plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin He
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Gui Geng
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Shuyang Mei
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Gang Wang
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yao Xu
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- National Sugar Crop Improvement Centre, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; and Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, China; and Heilongjiang Sugar Beet Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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17
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Hu WY, Mao HT, Yin XY, Chen JY, He AQ, Huang LY, Zhang ZW, Yuan S, Yuan M, Su YQ, Chen YE. Melatonin alleviates Hg toxicity by modulating redox homeostasis and the urea cycle in moss. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167958. [PMID: 37866616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal and can cause severe damage to many organisms under natural conditions. As an effective free radical scavenger and antioxidant, Melatonin (MT) has played important protective roles in alleviating oxidative damage caused by environmental cues including heavy metal stress in plants. However, the detailed mechanisms of melatonin in alleviating Hg toxicity still remain unclear in plants. Our results showed that the application of melatonin greatly reduced the concentrations of total and intracellular Hg in Taxiphyllum taxirameum. Meanwhile, melatonin significantly improved the antioxidant capacity and thus alleviated oxidative damage to the chloroplasts of T. taxirameum under Hg stress. Metabolic pathway analysis further revealed that melatonin-treated plants exhibited higher levels of 48 metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, and lipids, than non-melatonin-treated plants under Hg stress. Additionally, we further found that melatonin addition greatly improved the concentrations of four organic acids and three amino acids (Orn, Cit and Arg) related to the urea cycle, and thereby changed the levels of putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) in T. taxirameum exposed to Hg stress. Further experiments showed that the high concentration of Put dramatically caused oxidative damage under Hg stress, while Spd effectively alleviated Hg toxicity in T. taxirameum. Taken together, this study provides new insight into the underlying mechanisms of melatonin in alleviating heavy metal toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Hu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - Hao-Tian Mao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yin
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - An-Qi He
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - Lin-Yan Huang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130 Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Su
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, 610066 Chengdu, China.
| | - Yang-Er Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 625014 Ya'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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18
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Ali M, Kumar D, Tikoria R, Sharma R, Parkirti P, Vikram V, Kaushal K, Ohri P. Exploring the potential role of hydrogen sulfide and jasmonic acid in plants during heavy metal stress. Nitric Oxide 2023; 140-141:16-29. [PMID: 37696445 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In plants, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is mainly considered as a gaseous transmitter or signaling molecule that has long been recognized as an essential component of numerous plant cellular and physiological processes. Several subcellular compartments in plants use both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms to generate H2S. Under normal and stress full conditions exogenous administration of H2S supports a variety of plant developmental processes, including growth and germination, senescence, defense, maturation and antioxidant machinery in plants. Due to their gaseous nature, they are efficiently disseminated to various areas of the cell to balance antioxidant pools and supply sulphur to the cells. Numerous studies have also been reported regarding H2S ability to reduce heavy metal toxicity when combined with other signaling molecules like nitric oxide (NO), abscisic acid (ABA), calcium ion (Ca2+), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ETH), jasmonic acid (JA), proline (Pro), and melatonin. The current study focuses on multiple pathways for JA and H2S production as well as their signaling functions in plant cells under varied circumstances, more specifically under heavy metal, which also covers role of H2S and Jasmonic acid during heavy metal stress and interaction of hydrogen sulfide with Jasmonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ali
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Raman Tikoria
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Roohi Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Parkirti Parkirti
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Vikram Vikram
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kritika Kaushal
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Chu Y, Bao Q, Li Y, Sun H, Liu Z, Shi J, Huang Y. Melatonin Alleviates Antimony Toxicity by Regulating the Antioxidant Response and Reducing Antimony Accumulation in Oryza sativa L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1917. [PMID: 38001770 PMCID: PMC10669696 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a hazardous metal element that is potentially toxic and carcinogenic. Melatonin (MT) is an indole compound with antioxidant properties that plays an essential role in plant growth and alleviates heavy metal stresses. Nevertheless, little is known about the effects and mechanisms of exogenous MT action on rice under Sb stress. The aim of this experiment was to explore the mechanism of MT reducing Sb toxicity in rice via hydroponics. The results showed that Sb stress significantly inhibited the growth of rice, including biomass, root parameters, and root viability. Exogenous MT obviously alleviated the inhibition of Sb stress on seedling growth and increased biomass, root parameters, and root viability by 15-55%. MT significantly reduced the total Sb content in rice and the subcellular Sb contents in roots by nearly 20-40% and 12.3-54.2% under Sb stress, respectively. MT significantly decreased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA, by nearly 50%), ROS (H2O2 and O2·-, by nearly 20-30%), and RNS (NO and ONOO-) in roots under Sb stress, thus reducing oxidative stress and cell membrane damage. Furthermore, MT reversed Sb-induced phytotoxicity by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) by nearly 15% to 50% and by regulating the AsA-GSH cycle. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of MT to maintain redox homeostasis and reduce Sb toxicity in rice cells, decreasing the content of Sb in rice and thereby alleviating the inhibition of Sb on rice growth. The results provided a feasible strategy for mitigating Sb toxicity in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjing 300191, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (J.S.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Qiongli Bao
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjing 300191, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (J.S.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjing 300191, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (J.S.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjing 300191, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (J.S.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Zewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjing 300191, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (J.S.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjing 300191, China; (Y.C.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (Z.L.); (J.S.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yizong Huang
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
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20
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Li Q, Guan C, Zhao Y, Duan X, Yang Z, Zhu J. Salicylic acid alleviates Zn-induced inhibition of growth via enhancing antioxidant system and glutathione metabolism in alfalfa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115500. [PMID: 37757624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is considered as one of the heavy metal pollutants in soil affecting agriculture. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone that can mitigate effects against various abiotic stresses in plants, however, its exploration to improve Zn stress tolerance in alfalfa plants is still elusive. Thus, in the present study, exogenous SA treatment was conducted on alfalfa plants under Zn stress. The effects of exogenous SA on the physiological effects of alfalfa plants and the expression levels related genes were studied. This study tested the biomass, relative water content, chlorophyll levels, photosynthetic capacity, proline and soluble sugar contents, detected the activity of antioxidant enzymes (such as peroxidase and superoxide dismutase), glutathione biosynthesis, and endogenous SA levels, and quantified the genes associated with the antioxidant system and glutathione metabolism-mediated Zn stress. The results showed that exogenous SA could elevate the physiological adaptability of alfalfa plants through enhancing photosynthesis, proline and soluble sugar levels, stimulating antioxidant system and glutathione metabolism, and inducing the transcription level of related genes, thereby diminishing oxidative stress, inhibiting excessive Zn accumulation of alfalfa plants, increasing tolerance to Zn stress, and reducing the toxicity of Zn. Collectively, the application of SA alleviates Zn toxicity in alfalfa plants. The findings gave first insights into the regulatory mechanism of the Zn stress tolerance of alfalfa by exogenous SA and this might have positive implications for managing other plants which are suffering Zn stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Chunfeng Guan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Xiaoye Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China.
| | - Jiehua Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China.
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21
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Xu L, Xue X, Yan Y, Zhao X, Li L, Sheng K, Zhang Z. Silicon Combined with Melatonin Reduces Cd Absorption and Translocation in Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3537. [PMID: 37896001 PMCID: PMC10609755 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic and widely distributed heavy metal pollutants, posing a huge threat to crop production, food security, and human health. Corn is an important food source and feed crop. Corn growth is subject to Cd stress; thus, reducing cadmium stress, absorption, and transportation is of great significance for achieving high yields, a high efficiency, and sustainable and safe corn production. The use of silicon or melatonin alone can reduce cadmium accumulation and toxicity in plants, but it is unclear whether the combination of silicon and melatonin can further reduce the damage caused by cadmium. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of melatonin and silicon on maize growth and cadmium accumulation. The results showed that cadmium stress significantly inhibited the growth of maize, disrupted its physiological processes, and led to cadmium accumulation in plants. Compared to the single treatment of silicon or melatonin, the combined application of melatonin and silicon significantly alleviated the inhibition of the growth of maize seedlings caused by cadmium stress. This was demonstrated by the increased plant heights, stem diameters, and characteristic root parameters and the bioaccumulation in maize seedlings. Under cadmium stress, the combined application of silicon and melatonin increased the plant height and stem diameter by 17.03% and 59.33%, respectively, and increased the total leaf area by 43.98%. The promotion of corn growth is related to the reduced oxidative damage under cadmium stress, manifested in decreases in the malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity and increases in antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activities, as well as in soluble protein and chlorophyll contents. In addition, cadmium accumulation in different parts of maize seedlings and the health risk index of cadmium were significantly reduced, reaching 48.44% (leaves), 19.15% (roots), and 20.86% (health risk index), respectively. Therefore, melatonin and silicon have a significant synergistic effect in inhibiting cadmium absorption and reducing the adverse effects of cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xing Xue
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Yan Yan
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Lijie Li
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Kun Sheng
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
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22
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Parwez R, Aqeel U, Aftab T, Khan MMA, Naeem M. Melatonin supplementation combats nickel-induced phytotoxicity in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants through metal accumulation reduction, upregulation of NO generation, antioxidant defence machinery and secondary metabolites. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107981. [PMID: 37639982 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) at a toxic level (80 mg kg-1 of soil) adversely affects the crop performance of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Melatonin (MEL), a potent plant growth regulator, is ascribed to offer promising roles in heavy metal stress alleviation. In this study, different doses viz. 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 μM of MEL were administered to plants through foliage under normal and Ni-stress conditions. The experiment unveiled positive roles of MEL in enhancing root-shoot lengths, fresh-dry weights, seed yield and restoring photosynthetic efficiency assessed in terms of higher Fv/Fm, YII, qP, and lower NPQ values in plants exposed to Ni (80 mg kg-1). MEL supplementation (at 75 μM) effectively restricted Ni accumulation and regulated oxidative stress via modulation of MDA, O2-, H2O2 and NO generation, most prominently. Besides, MEL at 75 μM more conspicuously perked up the activities of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, POX, CAT and APX by 15.7, 20.0, 14.5 and 16.5% higher than the Ni-exposed plants for effective ROS scavenging. Likewise, MEL at 75 μM also efficiently counteracted Ni-generated osmotic stress, through an upscaled accumulation of proline (19.6%) along with the enhancement in the concentration of total phenols (13.6%), total tannins (11.2%), total flavonoids (25.5%) and total alkaloids (19.2%) in plant's leaves. Furthermore, under 80 mg kg-1 Ni stress, MEL at 75 μM improved the seed's trigonelline content by 40.1% higher compared to Ni-disturbed plants, upgrading the pharmacological actions of the plant. Thus, the present study deciphers the envisaged roles of MEL in the alleviation of Ni stress in plants to enhance overall crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsar Parwez
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Umra Aqeel
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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23
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Wang C, Bian C, Li J, Han L, Guo D, Wang T, Sun Z, Ma C, Liu X, Tian Y, Zheng X. Melatonin promotes Al3+ compartmentalization via H+ transport and ion gradients in Malus hupehensis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:821-839. [PMID: 37311207 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidification in apple (Malus domestica) orchards results in the release of rhizotoxic aluminum ions (Al3+) into soil. Melatonin (MT) participates in plant responses to abiotic stress; however, its role in AlCl3 stress in apple remains unknown. In this study, root application of MT (1 μM) substantially alleviated AlCl3 stress (300 μM) in Pingyi Tiancha (Malus hupehensis), which was reflected by higher fresh and dry weight, increased photosynthetic capacity, and longer and more roots compared with plants that did not receive MT treatment. MT functioned mainly by regulating vacuolar H+/Al3+ exchange and maintaining H+ homeostasis in the cytoplasm under AlCl3 stress. Transcriptome deep sequencing analysis identified the transcription factor gene SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (MdSTOP1) was induced by both AlCl3 and MT treatments. Overexpressing MdSTOP1 in apple increased AlCl3 tolerance by enhancing vacuolar H+/Al3+ exchange and H+ efflux to the apoplast. We identified 2 transporter genes, ALUMINUM SENSITIVE 3 (MdALS3) and SODIUM HYDROGEN EXCHANGER 2 (MdNHX2), as downstream targets of MdSTOP1. MdSTOP1 interacted with the transcription factor NAM ATAF and CUC 2 (MdNAC2) to induce MdALS3 expression, which reduced Al toxicity by transferring Al3+ from the cytoplasm to the vacuole. Furthermore, MdSTOP1 and MdNAC2 coregulated MdNHX2 expression to increase H+ efflux from the vacuole to the cytoplasm to promote Al3+ compartmentalization and maintain cation balance in the vacuole. Taken together, our findings reveal an MT-STOP1 + NAC2-NHX2/ALS3-vacuolar H+/Al3+ exchange model for the alleviation of AlCl3 stress in apple, laying a foundation for practical applications of MT in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chuanjie Bian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jianyu Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lei Han
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257347, China
| | - Dianming Guo
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tianchao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- Laboratory for Agricultural Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257347, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257347, China
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Mansoor S, Ali A, Kour N, Bornhorst J, AlHarbi K, Rinklebe J, Abd El Moneim D, Ahmad P, Chung YS. Heavy Metal Induced Oxidative Stress Mitigation and ROS Scavenging in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3003. [PMID: 37631213 PMCID: PMC10459657 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Although trace elements are essential for life, environmental contamination due to metal accumulation and overuse in various sectors, such as healthcare, agriculture, industry, and cosmetics, poses significant health concerns. Exposure of plants to heavy metals leads to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to their ability to change mitochondrial membrane permeability and restrict the action of ROS clearance enzymes in the cellular antioxidant system. The interaction of ROS with cellular membranes, heavy-metal-induced interactions directly or indirectly with different macromolecules, and signaling pathways leads to the accumulation of environmental pollutants and oxidative stress in exposed organisms. The heavy metal-ROS-cell signaling axis affects various pathological processes such as ATP depletion, excess ROS production, mitochondrial respiratory chain damage, decoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial death. This review focuses on discussing the toxic effects of different heavy metals on plants, with particular emphasis on oxidative stress, its consequences, and mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
| | - Asif Ali
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK;
| | - Navneet Kour
- Division of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu 180009, India
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany;
- Trace Age-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Khadiga AlHarbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany;
| | - Diaa Abd El Moneim
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish 45511, Egypt;
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Pulwama 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;
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25
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Raja V, Qadir SU, Kumar N, Alsahli AA, Rinklebe J, Ahmad P. Melatonin and strigolactone mitigate chromium toxicity through modulation of ascorbate-glutathione pathway and gene expression in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107872. [PMID: 37478726 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is considered one of the most hazardous metal contaminant reducing crop production and putting human health at risk. Phytohormones are known to regulate chromium stress, however, the function of melatonin and strigolactones in Chromium stress tolerance in tomato is rarely investigated. Here we investigated the potential role of melatonin (ML) and strigolactone (SL) on mitigating Chromium toxicity in tomato. With exposure to 300 μM Cr stress a remarkable decline in growth (63.01%), biomass yield (50.25)%, Pigment content (24.32%), photosynthesis, gas exchange and Physico-biochemical attributes of tomato was observed. Cr treatment also resulted in oxidative stress closely associated with higher H2O2 generation (215.66%), Lipid peroxidation (50.29%), electrolyte leakage (440.01%) and accumulation of osmolytes like proline and glycine betine. Moreover, Cr toxicity up-regulated the transcriptional expression profiles of antioxidant, stress related and metal transporter genes and down-regulated the genes related to photosynthesis. The application of ML and SL alleviated the Cr induced phytotoxic effects on photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange parameters and restored growth of tomato plants. ML and SL supplementation induced plant defense system via enhanced regulation of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate and glutathione pool and transcriptional regulation of several genes. The coordinated regulation of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems expressively suppressed the oxidative stress. Hence, ML and SL application might be considered as an effective approach for minimizing Cr uptake and its detrimental effects in tomato plants grown in contaminated soils. The study may also provide new insights into the role of transcriptional regulation in the protection against heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaseem Raja
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Sami Ullah Qadir
- Department of Environmental Sciences Govt. Degree College for Women, Udhampur, 182101, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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26
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Li X, Kamran M, Saleem MH, Al-Ghamdi AA, Al-Hemaid FM, Elshikh MS, Zhao S, Riaz M. Potential application of melatonin in reducing boron toxicity in rice seedlings through improved growth, cell wall composition, proline, and defense mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139068. [PMID: 37257660 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) has been demonstrated to provide defense against both biotic and abiotic stressors. Boron toxicity (BT) can significantly limit the growth and production of plants. However, few studies have been conducted on whether MT is effective in attenuating B toxicity in different plants. In order to evaluate the efficacy of exogenous MT treatment in reducing the negative impact of BT on rice seedlings, this study examined the influence of MT on growth, antioxidant capacity, cell wall composition, and proline metabolism in rice seedlings under hydroponics. Four treatments were established: MT (50 μM), MT + BT (50 μM MT + 800 μM B), BT (800 μM), and CK (control) in a completely randomized design. The results indicate that BT had a significant detrimental effect on the shoot length, root length, and root and shoot fresh weights of rice seedlings by 11.96%, 27.77%, 25.69%, and 18.67%, respectively as compared to the control treatment. However, exogenous MT application increased these parameters and reduced B accumulation in aboveground parts (14.05%) of the plant. Exogenous MT also increased the endogenous melatonin content and antioxidant enzyme activities (64.45%, 71.61%, 237.64%, and 55.42% increase in superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase activities, respectively), while decreasing reactive oxygen species levels and oxidized forms of glutathione and ascorbic acid. Additionally, MT enhanced the biosynthesis of proline by decreasing proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) and increasing the GSH (glutathione) and ASA (ascorbic acid) contents. Exogenous MT also increased cell wall components that can increase B adsorption to the cell wall. Overall, these findings suggest that MT application can be a potential solution for strengthening the stress tolerance of rice seedlings, particularly under conditions of B toxicity. In regions where soil contains high levels of boron, the use of MT could enhance rice crop yields and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, PR China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Al-Hemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaopeng Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, PR China.
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Shedeed ZA, Farahat EA. Alleviating the toxic effects of Cd and Co on the seed germination and seedling biochemistry of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using Azolla pinnata. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27566-1. [PMID: 37233943 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant environmental challenges in the twenty-first century is heavy metal pollution. The potential use of fresh Azolla pinnata to alleviate the toxic effects of Cd and Co on the germination measurements of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) and the biochemistry of seedlings was studied. Two concentrations (80 and 100 mg L-1 solutions) of CdNO3 and CoCl2 were used before and after treatment with A. pinnata. The highest removal efficiency (RE) by A. pinnata was obtained on the fifth day, with a Cd RE = 55.9 and 49.9% at 80 and 100 mg L-1, respectively. Cadmium and cobalt solutions reduced the germination percentage, and the measured variables of wheat seeds meanwhile increased the radicle phytotoxicity. In contrast, the presence of A. pinnata in the germination medium increased all the measured variables and decreased radicle phytotoxicity. At 80 and 100 mg L-1, Cd significantly reduced the fresh and dry biomass, and height of wheat seedlings after 21 days of cultivation compared to Co. Cadmium and high concentrations of cobalt increased the contents of H2O2, proline, MDA, phenolic, and flavonoid compounds. The application of treated Cd and Co solutions by A. pinnata showed a decrease in H2O2, proline, phenolic, and flavonoid compounds levels accompanied by a reduction in catalase and peroxidase activities compared to the control. This study showed the positive role of A. pinnata in alleviating the metal impacts, particularly Cd, on the seedling growth of wheat and its germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab A Shedeed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
| | - Emad A Farahat
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
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Sakouhi L, Kadri O, Werghi S, Massoud MB, Kharbech O, Murata Y, Chaoui A. Seed pretreatment with melatonin confers cadmium tolerance to chickpea seedlings through cellular redox homeostasis and antioxidant gene expression improvement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27562-5. [PMID: 37191750 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Several phytoremediation strategies have been undertaken to alleviate cadmium (Cd)-mediated injury to crop yield resulting from agricultural land pollution. In the present study, the potentially beneficial effect of melatonin (Me) was appraised. Therefore, chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds were imbibed for 12 H in distilled water or Me (10 µM) solution. Then, the seeds germinated in the presence or the absence of 200 µM CdCl2 for 6 days. Seedlings obtained from Me-pretreated seeds exhibited enhanced growth traits, reflected by fresh biomass and length increase. This beneficial effect was associated with a decreased Cd accumulation in seedling tissues (by 46 and 89% in roots and shoots, respectively). Besides, Me efficiently protected the cell membrane integrity of Cd-subjected seedlings. This protective effect was manifested by the decreased lipoxygenase activity and the subsequently reduced accumulation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Melatonin counteracted the Cd-mediated stimulation of the pro-oxidant NADPH-oxidase (90 and 45% decrease compared to non-pretreated Cd-stressed roots and shoots, respectively) and NADH-oxidase activities (almost 40% decrease compared to non-pretreated roots and shoots), preventing, thus, hydrogen peroxide overaccumulation (50 and 35% lesser than non-pretreated roots and shoots, respectively). Furthermore, Me enhanced the cellular content of pyridine nicotinamide reduced forms [NAD(P)H] and their redox state. This effect was associated with the Me-mediated stimulation of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malate dehydrogenase activities, concomitantly with the inhibition of NAD(P)H-consuming activities. These effects were accompanied by the up-regulation of G6PDH gene expression (45% increase in roots) and the down-regulation of the respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein F (RBOHF) gene expression (53% decrease in roots and shoots). Likewise, Me induced an increased activity and gene transcription of the Asada-Halliwell cycle, namely ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase, concomitantly with a reduction of the glutathione peroxidase activity. This modulating effect led to the restoration of the redox homeostasis of the ascorbate and the glutathione pools. Overall, current results attest that seed pretreatment with Me is effective in Cd stress relief and can be a beneficial crop-protective approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Sakouhi
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Oumayma Kadri
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Sirine Werghi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and Biotechnology (LR99ES12), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Ben Massoud
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, T23N73K, Ireland
| | - Oussama Kharbech
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Abdelilah Chaoui
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia
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Altaf MA, Sharma N, Srivastava D, Mandal S, Adavi S, Jena R, Bairwa RK, Gopalakrishnan AV, Kumar A, Dey A, Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Kumar R, Ahmed P. Deciphering the melatonin-mediated response and signalling in the regulation of heavy metal stress in plants. PLANTA 2023; 257:115. [PMID: 37169910 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Melatonin has a protective effect against heavy metal stress in plants by immobilizing HM in cell walls and sequestering them in root cell vacuoles, reducing HM's translocation from roots to shoots. It enhances osmolyte production, increases antioxidant enzyme activity, and improves photosynthesis, thereby improving cellular functions. Understanding the melatonin-mediated response and signalling can sustain crop production in heavy metal-stressed soils. Melatonin is a pleiotropic signal molecule that plays a critical role in plant growth and stress tolerance, particularly against heavy metals in soil. Heavy metals (HMs) are ubiquitously found in the soil-water environment and readily taken up by plants, thereby disrupting mineral nutrient homeostasis, osmotic balance, oxidative stress, and altered primary and secondary metabolism. Plants combat HM stress through inbuilt defensive mechanisms, such as metal exclusion, restricted foliar translocation, metal sequestration and compartmentalization, chelation, and scavenging of free radicals by antioxidant enzymes. Melatonin has a protective effect against the damaging effects of HM stress in plants. It achieves this by immobilizing HM in cell walls and sequestering them in root cell vacuoles, reducing HM's translocation from roots to shoots. This mechanism improves the uptake of macronutrients and micronutrients in plants. Additionally, melatonin enhances osmolyte production, improving the plant's water relations, and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes to limit lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Melatonin also decreases chlorophyll degradation while increasing its synthesis, and enhances RuBisCO activity for better photosynthesis. All these functions contribute to improving the cellular functions of plants exposed to HM stress. This review aims to gain better insight into the melatonin-mediated response and signalling under HM stress in plants, which may be useful in sustaining crop production in heavy metal-stressed soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahsan Altaf
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Nitin Sharma
- Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India
| | - Dipali Srivastava
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Arts, Commerce & Science College, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India
| | - Sandeep Adavi
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, 493225, India
| | - Rupak Jena
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Bairwa
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Parvaiz Ahmed
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, 192301, India.
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Altaf MA, Hao Y, Shu H, Mumtaz MA, Cheng S, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P, Wang Z. Melatonin enhanced the heavy metal-stress tolerance of pepper by mitigating the oxidative damage and reducing the heavy metal accumulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131468. [PMID: 37146338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs), like vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni) toxicity due to anthropogenic, impair plant growth and yield, which is a challenging issue for agricultural production. Melatonin (ME) is a stress mitigating molecule, which alleviates HM-induced phytotoxicity, but the possible underlying mechanism of ME functions under HMs' phytotoxicity is still unclear. Current study uncovered key mechanisms for ME-mediated HMs-stress tolerance in pepper. HMs toxicity greatly reduced growth by impeding leaf photosynthesis, root architecture system, and nutrient uptake. Conversely, ME supplementation markedly enhanced growth attributes, mineral nutrient uptake, photosynthetic efficiency, as measured by chlorophyll content, gas exchange elements, chlorophyll photosynthesis genes' upregulation, and reduced HMs accumulation. ME treatment showed a significant decline in the leaf/root V, Cr, Ni, and Cd concentration which was about 38.1/33.2%, 38.5/25.9%, 34.8/24.9%, and 26.6/25.1%, respectively, when compared with respective HM treatment. Furthermore, ME remarkably reduced the ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation, and reinstated the integrity of cellular membrane via activating antioxidant enzymes (SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; POD, peroxidase; GST, glutathione S-transferase; DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase; MDHAR, monodehydroascorbate reductase) and as well as regulating ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle. Importantly, oxidative damage showed efficient alleviations through upregulating the genes related to key defense such as SOD, CAT, POD, GR, GST, APX, GPX, DHAR, and MDHAR; along with the genes related to ME biosynthesis. ME supplementation also enhanced the level of proline and secondary metabolites, and their encoding genes expression, which may control excessive H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) production. Finally, ME supplementation enhanced the HM stress tolerance of pepper seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahsan Altaf
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Huangying Shu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Muhammad Ali Mumtaz
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shanhan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | | | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir 192301, India
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China.
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Colombage R, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Melatonin and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7447. [PMID: 37108609 PMCID: PMC10138880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing food demand by the growing human population and declining crop productivity due to climate change affect global food security. To meet the challenges, developing improved crops that can tolerate abiotic stresses is a priority. Melatonin in plants, also known as phytomelatonin, is an active component of the various cellular mechanisms that alleviates oxidative damage in plants, hence supporting the plant to survive abiotic stress conditions. Exogenous melatonin strengthens this defence mechanism by enhancing the detoxification of reactive by-products, promoting physiological activities, and upregulating stress-responsive genes to alleviate damage during abiotic stress. In addition to its well-known antioxidant activity, melatonin protects against abiotic stress by regulating plant hormones, activating ER stress-responsive genes, and increasing protein homoeostasis, heat shock transcription factors and heat shock proteins. Under abiotic stress, melatonin enhances the unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation, and autophagy, which ultimately protect cells from programmed cell death and promotes cell repair resulting in increased plant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (R.C.); (M.B.S.)
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Sher A, Hassan MU, Sattar A, Ul-Allah S, Ijaz M, Hayyat Z, Bibi Y, Hussain M, Qayyum A. Exogenous application of melatonin alleviates the drought stress by regulating the antioxidant systems and sugar contents in sorghum seedlings. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2023.104620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Mata-Pérez C, Sánchez-Vicente I, Arteaga N, Gómez-Jiménez S, Fuentes-Terrón A, Oulebsir CS, Calvo-Polanco M, Oliver C, Lorenzo Ó. Functions of nitric oxide-mediated post-translational modifications under abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1158184. [PMID: 37063215 PMCID: PMC10101340 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1158184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions greatly impact plant growth and development. In the current context of both global climate change and land degradation, abiotic stresses usually lead to growth restriction limiting crop production. Plants have evolved to sense and respond to maximize adaptation and survival; therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in the different converging signaling networks becomes critical for improving plant tolerance. In the last few years, several studies have shown the plant responses against drought and salinity, high and low temperatures, mechanical wounding, heavy metals, hypoxia, UV radiation, or ozone stresses. These threats lead the plant to coordinate a crosstalk among different pathways, highlighting the role of phytohormones and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). In particular, plants sense these reactive species through post-translational modification (PTM) of macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and fatty acids, hence triggering antioxidant responses with molecular implications in the plant welfare. Here, this review compiles the state of the art about how plant systems sense and transduce this crosstalk through PTMs of biological molecules, highlighting the S-nitrosylation of protein targets. These molecular mechanisms finally impact at a physiological level facing the abiotic stressful traits that could lead to establishing molecular patterns underlying stress responses and adaptation strategies.
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Zhao J, Hu J. Melatonin: Current status and future perspectives in horticultural plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1140803. [PMID: 37035081 PMCID: PMC10076644 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1140803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses, restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. Different phytohormones are produced by plants to mitigate the adverse effects of these stresses. One such phytohormone is melatonin (MEL), which, being a potential bio-stimulator, helps to govern a wide array of functions in horticultural crops. Recent advancements have determined the role of MEL in plants' responses to abiotic stresses. MEL enhances physiological functions such as seed germination, growth and development, seedling growth, root system architecture, and photosynthetic efficiency. The potential function of MEL in stressful environments is to regulate the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity, thus playing a role in the substantial scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, MEL, as a plant growth regulator and bio-stimulator, aids in promoting plant tolerance to abiotic stress, mainly through improvements in nutrient uptake, osmolyte production, and cellular membrane stability. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible functions of MEL in the induction of different abiotic stresses in horticultural crops. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MEL in altered environments and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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Khan A, Jie Z, Xiangjun K, Ullah N, Short AW, Diao Y, Zhou R, Xiong YC. Pre treatment of melatonin rescues cotton seedlings from cadmium toxicity by regulating key physio-biochemical and molecular pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130530. [PMID: 36463746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, a plant/animal origin hormone, regulates plant response to abiotic stresses by protecting them from oxidative damage. This study identified physiochemical and molecular mechanism of melatonin-induced cadmium (Cd) stress tolerance and detoxification in cotton seedlings. Cotton seedlings, with or without melatonin (15 µM) pretreatment, were subjected to Cd (100 µM) stress in a hydroponic medium for eight days. We found that higher cellular Cd accumulation in leaf tissues significantly inhibited the growth and physiology of cotton seedlings. In contrast, melatonin-treated seedlings maintained leaf photosynthetic capacity, producing relatively higher fresh (17.4%) and dry (19.3%) weights than non-melatonin-treated plants under Cd-contaminated environments. The improved growth and leaf functioning were strongly linked with the melatonin-induced repression of Cd transporter genes (LOC107894197, LOC107955631, LOC107899273) in roots. Thus, melatonin induced downregulation of the Cd transporter genes further inhibited Cd ion transport towards leaf tissues. This suggests that the differentially expressed transporter genes (DEG) are key drivers of the melatonin-mediated regulation of Cd transportation and sequestration in cotton. Melatonin also protected cotton seedlings from Cd-induced oxidative injury by reducing tissues malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels and increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that melatonin activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways to simulate stomatal adjustment and photosynthesis in Cd-stressed leaves. Further, melatonin protects intercellular organs, particularly ribosomes, from Cd-induced oxidative damage by promoting ribosomal biosynthesis and improving translational efficiency. The findings elucidated the molecular basis of melatonin-mediated Cd stress tolerance in plants and provided a key for the effective strategy of Cd accumulation in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan St. 90, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zheng Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 450000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572024, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Kong Xiangjun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan St. 90, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Najeeb Ullah
- Faculty of Science, University Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Aidan W Short
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, 5289 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Yong Diao
- Sinopharm Wuhan Plasma-derived Biotherapies Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyang Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan St. 90, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Devi R, Abdulhaq A, Verma R, Sharma K, Kumar D, Kumar A, Tapwal A, Yadav R, Mohan S. Improvement in the Phytochemical Content and Biological Properties of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni Plant Using Endophytic Fungi Fusarium fujikuroi. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12051151. [PMID: 36904011 PMCID: PMC10005530 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to increase the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants through inoculation with endophytic fungi. As endophytes influence medicinal plants' biological properties, twenty fungal strains were isolated from the medicinal plant Ocimum tenuiflorum. Among all fungal isolates, the R2 strain showed the highest antagonistic activity towards plant pathogenic fungi Rosellinia necatrix and Fusarium oxysporum. The partial ITS region of the R2 strain was deposited in the GenBank nucleotide sequence databases under accession number ON652311 as Fusarium fujikuroi isolate R2 OS. To ascertain the impact of an endophytic fungus on the biological functions of medicinal plants, Stevia rebaudiana seeds were inoculated with Fusarium fujikuroi (ON652311). In the DPPH assay, the IC50 value of the inoculated Stevia plant extracts (methanol, chloroform, and positive control) was 72.082 µg/mL, 85.78 µg/mL, and 18.86 µg/mL, respectively. In the FRAP assay, the IC50 value of the inoculated Stevia extracts (methanol, chloroform extract, and positive control) was 97.064 µM Fe2+ equivalents, 117.662 µM Fe2+ equivalents, and 53.384 µM Fe2+ equivalents, respectively. In the extracts of the plant inoculated with endophytic fungus, rutin and syringic acid (polyphenols) concentrations were 20.8793 mg/L and 5.4389 mg/L, respectively, which were higher than in the control plant extracts. This approach can be further utilized for other medicinal plants to increase their phytochemical content and hence medicinal potential in a sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema Devi
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Ahmed Abdulhaq
- Unit of Medical Microbiology, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Kiran Sharma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Business Management, Solan 173229, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Shimla 171013, India
| | - Ashwani Tapwal
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Shimla 171013, India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Shoolini Life Sciences, Private Limited, Solan 173229, India
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Correspondence: (R.V.); (S.M.)
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Ramyar H, Baradaran-Firouzabadi M, Sobhani AR, Asghari HR. Reduction of lead toxicity effects and enhancing the glutathione reservoir in green beans through spraying sulfur and serine and glutamine amino acids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38157-38173. [PMID: 36576620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain is one of the influential environmental factors in transport of heavy metals, including lead from the atmosphere to the surface of the earth and growing plants. Such situation can not only damage the growing plants but can also toxify the food chain, and endanger human life. In order to reduce stress damage due to lead, on green bean plant, the effect of spraying the plants by sulfur, also amino acids including serine and glutamine, was evaluated. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out using the green bean Sunray cultivar in 2020. Treatments include foliar application of lead at two levels (0.0 and 1 mmol) as lead acetate, foliar application of liquid sulfur at two levels (0.0 and 2 per thousand), and foliar application of amino acids at four levels (0.0, serine at 200 mg/L, glutamine at 200 mg/L, and co-application of serine and glutamine at the same concentrations) at pre-flowering stage. The results showed that leaf foliar uptake of most of the employed treatments resulted in reduction of leaf area index, leaf, stem and pods dry weight, stem diameter and height, pod yield, photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, and relative leaf water content. However, grain protein content, hydrogen peroxide, and glutathione antioxidant activity significantly increased. Spraying of sulfur solution and serine and glutamine were effective in reducing the negative effects of lead stress, as it reduced the amount of hydrogen peroxide and grain protein and increased the reservoir of glutathione. These treatments also, compared to the pure lead treatment, significantly reduced lead accumulation in the pod, as the edible organ of green beans. This study results showed that foliar application of sulfur along with amino acids serine and glutamine reduced the lead toxicity effects through improving the physiological functions, and thus can increase the final yield and consequently human access to healthier food (Fig. 1). Fig. 1 Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ramyar
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Mehdi Baradaran-Firouzabadi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Sobhani
- Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Asghari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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Albqmi M, Selim S, Al-Sanea MM, Alnusaire TS, Almuhayawi MS, Jaouni SKA, Hussein S, Warrad M, Sofy MR, AbdElgawad H. Interactive Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Olive Solid Waste on Wheat under Arsenite Toxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12051100. [PMID: 36903959 PMCID: PMC10005190 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal such as arsenite (AsIII) is a threat worldwide. Thus, to mitigate AsIII toxicity on plants, we investigated the interactive effect of olive solid waste (OSW) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on wheat plants under AsIII stress. To this end, wheat seeds were grown in soils treated with OSW (4% w/w), AMF-inoculation, and/or AsIII treated soil (100 mg/kg soil). AMF colonization is reduced by AsIII but to a lesser extent under AsIII + OSW. AMF and OSW interactive effects also improved soil fertility and increased wheat plants' growth, particularly under AsIII stress. The interactions between OSW and AMF treatments reduced AsIII-induced H2O2 accumulation. Less H2O2 production consequently reduced AsIII-related oxidative damages i.e., lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) (58%), compared to As stress. This can be explained by the increase in wheat's antioxidant defense system. OSW and AMF increased total antioxidant content, phenol, flavonoids, and α-tocopherol by approximately 34%, 63%, 118%, 232%, and 93%, respectively, compared to As stress. The combined effect also significantly induced anthocyanins accumulation. The combination of OSW+AMF improved antioxidants enzymes activity, where superoxide dismutase (SOD, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were increased by 98%, 121%, 105%, 129%, and 110.29%, respectively, compared to AsIII stress. This can be explained by induced anthocyanin percussors phenylalanine, cinamic acid and naringenin, and biosynthesic enzymes (phenylalanine aminolayse (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS)). Overall, this study suggested the effectiveness of OSW and AMF as a promising approach to mitigate AsIII toxicity on wheat growth, physiology, and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mha Albqmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Al Qurayyat 77447, Saudi Arabia
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Warrad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Quriat, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat 77425, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud R. Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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Melatonin Alleviates Chromium Toxicity in Maize by Modulation of Cell Wall Polysaccharides Biosynthesis, Glutathione Metabolism, and Antioxidant Capacity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043816. [PMID: 36835227 PMCID: PMC9966513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, a pleiotropic regulatory molecule, is involved in the defense against heavy metal stress. Here, we used a combined transcriptomic and physiological approach to investigate the underlying mechanism of melatonin in mitigating chromium (Cr) toxicity in Zea mays L. Maize plants were treated with either melatonin (10, 25, 50 and 100 μM) or water and exposed to 100 μM K2Cr2O7 for seven days. We showed that melatonin treatment significantly decreased the Cr content in leaves. However, the Cr content in the roots was not affected by melatonin. Analyses of RNA sequencing, enzyme activities, and metabolite contents showed that melatonin affected cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis, glutathione (GSH) metabolism, and redox homeostasis. During Cr stress, melatonin treatment increased cell wall polysaccharide contents, thereby retaining more Cr in the cell wall. Meanwhile, melatonin improved the GSH and phytochelatin contents to chelate Cr, and the chelated complexes were then transported to the vacuoles for sequestration. Furthermore, melatonin mitigated Cr-induced oxidative stress by enhancing the capacity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Moreover, melatonin biosynthesis-defective mutants exhibited decreased Cr stress resistance, which was related to lower pectin, hemicellulose 1, and hemicellulose 2 than wild-type plants. These results suggest that melatonin alleviates Cr toxicity in maize by promoting Cr sequestration, re-establishing redox homeostasis, and inhibiting Cr transport from the root to the shoot.
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Peng X, Wang N, Sun S, Geng L, Guo N, Liu A, Chen S, Ahammed GJ. Reactive oxygen species signaling is involved in melatonin-induced reduction of chlorothalonil residue in tomato leaves. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130212. [PMID: 36308936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide overuse has led to serious global concerns regarding food safety and environmental pollution. Although the reduction of pesticide residue is critical, our knowledge about induced pesticide metabolism in plants remains fragmentary. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective stress-relieving agent in both animals and plants, but little is known about the melatonin signaling mechanism and its effect on pesticide metabolism in plants. Here, we found that exogenous melatonin treatment significantly reduced chlorothalonil residue by 41 % but suppression of endogenous melatonin accumulation increased chlorothalonil residue in tomato leaves. Moreover, melatonin increased photosynthesis, Fv/Fm, Calvin cycle enzyme activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, glutathione pool, and RESPIRATORY BURST HOMOLOG1 (RBOH1) expression in tomato leaves. However, the upregulation of RBOH1, CYP724B2, GST1, GST2, GSH and ABC, the increased glutathione concentrations and the activity of detoxification enzymes due to melatonin treatment were all significantly attenuated by the treatment with an NADPH oxidase inhibitor and a ROS scavenger, indicating a clear relationship between the reduction of pesticide residue and induction in detoxifying enzymes and genes upon melatonin treatment in an apoplastic H2O2-dependent manner. These results reveal that melatonin-induced reduction in chlorothalonil residue is mediated by H2O2 signaling in tomato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Peng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Nannan Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Shuangsheng Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Lijiahong Geng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Ning Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Airong Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Shuangchen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables, Luoyang 471023, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Horticultural Crop safety and Disease Control, Luoyang 471023, PR China.
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables, Luoyang 471023, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Horticultural Crop safety and Disease Control, Luoyang 471023, PR China.
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Mashabela MD, Masamba P, Kappo AP. Applications of Metabolomics for the Elucidation of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: A Special Focus on Osmotic Stress and Heavy Metal Toxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:269. [PMID: 36678982 PMCID: PMC9860948 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants undergo metabolic perturbations under various abiotic stress conditions; due to their sessile nature, the metabolic network of plants requires continuous reconfigurations in response to environmental stimuli to maintain homeostasis and combat stress. The comprehensive analysis of these metabolic features will thus give an overview of plant metabolic responses and strategies applied to mitigate the deleterious effects of stress conditions at a biochemical level. In recent years, the adoption of metabolomics studies has gained significant attention due to the growing technological advances in analytical biochemistry (plant metabolomics). The complexity of the plant biochemical landscape requires sophisticated, advanced analytical methods. As such, technological advancements in the field of metabolomics have been realized, aided much by the development and refinement of separatory techniques, including liquid and gas chromatography (LC and GC), often hyphenated to state-of-the-art detection instruments such as mass spectrometry (MS) or nuclear resonance magnetic (NMR) spectroscopy. Significant advances and developments in these techniques are briefly highlighted in this review. The enormous progress made thus far also comes with the dawn of the Internet of Things (IoT) and technology housed in machine learning (ML)-based computational tools for data acquisition, mining, and analysis in the 4IR era allowing for broader metabolic coverage and biological interpretation of the cellular status of plants under varying environmental conditions. Thus, scientists can paint a holistic and comprehensive roadmap and predictive models for metabolite-guided crop improvement. The current review outlines the application of metabolomics and related technological advances in elucidating plant responses to abiotic stress, mainly focusing on heavy metal toxicity and subsequent osmotic stress tolerance.
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Zhang S, Tan X, Zhou Y, Liu N. Effects of a heavy metal (cadmium) on the responses of subtropical coastal tree species to drought stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:12682-12694. [PMID: 36114969 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With global climate change and increased industrialization, drought and heavy metals have become common abiotic stress factors for coastal vegetation. In this study, we investigated the ecophysiological responses of the seedlings of three subtropical coastal tree species (Barringtonia racemosa, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and Terminalia neotaliala) to drought stress (D), cadmium addition (Cd), and their combined effects (Cd + D). The results showed that, for all three plant species, treatment D significantly decreased Amax, Y(II), qP, and ETR; increased the concentrations of PRO, soluble sugars, ABA, MDA, and O2-; and increased the activity of Rubisco. The concentrations of soluble sugars, MDA, and O2- were similar for treatments D and Cd; the only difference was that qP, Amax, and ETR values of B. racemosa and the Amax value of H. tiliaceus were significantly lower in treatment Cd than in control. The concentrations of PRO, soluble sugars, ABA, and MDA were significantly lower for treatment Cd + D than for treatment D. The O2- concentration was positively correlated with the concentrations of soluble sugars and PRO, indicating that osmoregulation was important for the responses of the plants to oxidative stress. ABA was positively correlated with MDA, indicating that ABA was involved in the response to oxidative stress. These results, which show that Cd may weaken the physiological responses of coastal plants to drought stress by increasing ABA accumulation, may provide guidance for coastal ecosystem management in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shike Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Tan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510650, Guangzhou, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, 341000, Ganzhou, China.
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Li G, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zheng W, Li M, Hu J, Fei Y, Zhu S. Exogenous application of melatonin to mitigate drought stress-induced oxidative damage in Phoebe sheareri seedlings. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15159. [PMID: 37090109 PMCID: PMC10117382 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Drought stress is a major prevalent environmental factor impairing growth. Melatonin mitigates the impacts of drought stress on plants. However, melatonin's role in Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble (P. sheareri) is unknown. We aimed to reveal the protective effects of melatonin on P. sheareri seedlings under drought conditions. Methods Melatonin was sprayed under drought or normal water conditions. The parameters, including growth, physiological factors, and phytohormones of P. sheareri, were examined. Results Compared to the normal control group, drought stress inhibited the growth of seedlings and significantly reduced the content of carotenoids, SOD, POD, APX, PPO, CAT, GR, and soluble sugars, and increased the contents of MDA, O2 •-, proline, soluble proteins, ABA, and JA-Me in P. sheareri seedlings. However, melatonin treatment significantly reversed the adverse drought-induced responses and promoted the P. sheareri seedling's growth. Moreover, the heatmap and principal component analysis suggested a high similarity in the behavior patterns of the six measured antioxidant enzymes in P. sheareri seedlings. Conclusion Our study reported for the first time that melatonin has a protective role in P. sheareri seedlings under drought-stress conditions. This role is related to ROS scavenging, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and crosstalk of phytohormones. This study provided a theoretical basis for improving the ability of P. sheareri adapted to arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yanzhen Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yuzi Zhu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yongjun Fei
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sijia Zhu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
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Raza Khan A, Fan X, Salam A, Azhar W, Ulhassan Z, Qi J, Liaquat F, Yang S, Gan Y. Melatonin-mediated resistance to copper oxide nanoparticles-induced toxicity by regulating the photosynthetic apparatus, cellular damages and antioxidant defense system in maize seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120639. [PMID: 36372367 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of nanoparticles (NPs) has linked with severe negative effects on crop productivity. Thus, effective strategies are needed to mitigate the phytotoxicity of NPs. The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of exogenously applied melatonin (MT) in mitigating the toxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) from maize seedlings. Therefore, we comprehensively investigated the inhibitory effects of MT against CuO NPs-induced toxicity on morpho-physiological, biochemical and ultrastructural levels in maize. Our results show that CuO NPs (300 mg L-1) exposure displayed significantly reduction in all plant growth traits and induced toxicity in maize. Furthermore, 50 μM MT provided maximum plant tolerance against CuO NPs-induced phytotoxicity. It was noticed that MT improved plant growth, biomass, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), chlorophyll contents (Chl a and Chl b), SPAD values and gas exchange attributes (stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate) under CuO NPs stress. In addition, MT enhanced the antioxidant defense system and conferred protection to ultrastructural (mainly chloroplast, thylakoids membrane and plastoglobuli) damages and stomatal closure in maize plants subjected to CuO NPs stress. Together, it can be stated that the exogenous supply of MT improves the resilience of maize plants against the CuO NPs-induced phytotoxicity. Our current findings can be useful for the enhancement of plant growth and yield attributes in CuO NPs-contaminated soils. The reported information can provide insight into the MT pathways that can be used to improve crop stress tolerance in a challenging environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Khan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wardah Azhar
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Qi
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fiza Liaquat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang K, He J, Gao Y, Han K, Liu J, Wang Y. Exogenous melatonin improved the growth and development of naked oat seedlings under cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88109-88118. [PMID: 35821327 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become a global problem, which affect more and more crop yields. Melatonin (MT) is widely used in plant stress resistance to alleviate the toxicity caused by heavy metals and other stresses. In this paper, the effects of exogenous 50 μM and 100 μM MT on the growth and development of naked oat seedlings under cadmium stress (25 mg L-1) were studied. The results showed that different concentrations of MT could promote the growth of naked oat seedlings under 25-mg L-1 cadmium stress. The application of exogenous melatonin could significantly increase the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll, and proline contents of naked oats. MT could also reduce the contents of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde in the cells of naked oat seedlings, and increase the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT. In addition, exogenous melatonin could affect the gene expression of LOX, POX, and Asmap1 in MAPK family and NAC and WRKY1 in TFS family in naked oat seedlings, thus promoting the growth and development of naked oat seedlings. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate that MT is able to alleviate the negative effects to treat naked oat seedlings with cadmium stress. Therefore, melatonin has the potential to be applied in crops threatened by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jinjin He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Kai Han
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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Kaya C, Ugurlar F, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Bajguz A, Ahmad P. The involvement of hydrogen sulphide in melatonin-induced tolerance to arsenic toxicity in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants by regulating sequestration and subcellular distribution of arsenic, and antioxidant defense system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136678. [PMID: 36191761 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) are recognised as vital biomolecules actively taking part in plant defence systems as free radical scavengers and antioxidants against a myriad of biotic and abiotic stressors. However, it has been yet unknown in plants subjected to arsenic (As) toxicity whether or not H2S interacts with MT to regulate endogenous antioxidant defence system. Prior to beginning As stress (As-S) treatments, MT (0.10 mM) was applied externally to plants daily for three days. AsS was then started for two weeks with As(V) (0.1 mM as Na2HAsO4·7H2O). The treatment of As reduced plant biomass (24.4%) and chlorophyll a (51.7%), chlorophyll b (25.9%), while it increased subcellular As in roots and leaves, levels of glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), methylglyoxal (MG), H2S and phytochelatins (PCs) in pepper plants. In As-stressed pepper plants, the application of MT increased plant biomass (16.3%), chlorophyll a (52.7%), chlorophyll b (28.2%), antioxidant enzymes' activities, and H2S accumulation, while it lowered the concentrations of MDA and H2O2. In As-treated plants, GSH and phytochelatins (PCs) were increased by MT by regulating As sequestration to make it harmless. The addition of MT increased As accumulation in the vacuoles of roots and caused the soluble fraction of As in vacuoles to become less toxic to vital organelles. MT-induced tolerance to As stress was further enhanced using NaHS, a source of H2S. Hypotaurine (0.1 mM HT), a H2S scavenger, was applied to the control and As-stressed plants together with MT and MT + NaHS to determine whether H2S was implicated in MT-induced increased As-S tolerance. By reducing H2S generation in pepper plants, HT counteracted the beneficial effects of MT, whereas the addition of NaHS to MT + HT restored the negative effects of HT, proving that H2S is necessary for the pepper plants As-stress tolerance caused by MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Ferhat Ugurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrzej Bajguz
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Plants, Faculty of Biology University of Bialystok, Konstantego Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Khan S, Sehar Z, Fatma M, Mir IR, Iqbal N, Tarighat MA, Abdi G, Khan NA. Involvement of ethylene in melatonin-modified photosynthetic-N use efficiency and antioxidant activity to improve photosynthesis of salt grown wheat. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13832. [PMID: 36437590 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of melatonin in the regulation of salt stress acclimation has been shown in plants in this present work. We found that the GOAL cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was the most salt-tolerant among the investigated cultivars, GOAL, HD-2967, PBW-17, PBW-343, PBW-550, and WH-1105 when screened for tolerance to 100 mM NaCl. The application of 100 μM melatonin maximally reduced oxidative stress and improved photosynthesis in the cv. GOAL. Melatonin supplementation reduced salt stress-induced oxidative stress by upregulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), and reduced the glutathione (GSH) production. This resulted in increased membrane stability, photosynthetic-N use efficiency and photosynthesis in plants. The application of 50 μM of the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) in the presence of melatonin and salt stress increased H2 O2 content but reduced GR activity and GSH, photosynthesis, and plant dry mass. This signifies that melatonin-mediated salt stress tolerance was related to ethylene synthesis as it improved antioxidant activity and photosynthesis of plants under salt stress. Thus, the interaction of melatonin and ethylene bears a prominent role in salt stress tolerance in wheat and can be used to develop salt tolerance in other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Iqbal R Mir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | | | | - Gholamareza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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48
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Arnao MB, Cano A, Hernández-Ruiz J. Phytomelatonin: an unexpected molecule with amazing performances in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5779-5800. [PMID: 35029657 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytomelatonin, a multifunctional molecule that has been found to be present in all plants examined to date, has an important role in plants as a modulatory agent (a biostimulator) that improves plant tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stress. We present a review of phytomelatonin that considers its roles in plant metabolism and in particular its interactions with plant hormone network. In the primary metabolism of plants, melatonin improves the rate and efficiency of photosynthesis, as well related factors such as stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, and Rubisco activity. It has also been shown to down-regulate some senescence transcription factors. Melatonin up-regulates many enzyme transcripts related to carbohydrates (including sucrose and starch), amino acids, and lipid metabolism, optimizing N, P, and S uptake. With respect to the secondary metabolism, clear increases in polyphenol, glucosinolate, terpenoid, and alkaloid contents have been described in numerous melatonin-treated plants. Generally, the most important genes of these secondary biosynthesis pathways have been found to be up-regulated by melatonin. The great regulatory capacity of melatonin is a result of its control of the redox and plant hormone networks. Melatonin acts as a plant master regulator, up-/down-regulating different plant hormone levels and signalling, and is a key player in redox homeostasis. It has the capacity to counteract diverse critical situations such as pathogen infections and abiotic stresses, and provide plants with varying degrees of tolerance. We propose possible future applications of melatonin for crop improvement and post-harvest product preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino B Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100-Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100-Murcia, Spain
| | - Josefa Hernández-Ruiz
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100-Murcia, Spain
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Li Y, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q. CRISPR/Cas genome editing improves abiotic and biotic stress tolerance of crops. Front Genome Ed 2022; 4:987817. [PMID: 36188128 PMCID: PMC9524261 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2022.987817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress such as cold, drought, saline-alkali stress and biotic stress including disease and insect pest are the main factors that affect plant growth and limit agricultural productivity. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology, genome editing techniques have been widely used in botany and agronomy due to their characteristics of high efficiency, controllable and directional editing. Genome editing techniques have great application potential in breeding resistant varieties. These techniques have achieved remarkable results in resistance breeding of important cereal crops (such as maize, rice, wheat, etc.), vegetable and fruit crops. Among them, CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) provides a guarantee for the stability of crop yield worldwide. In this paper, the development of CRISRR/Cas and its application in different resistance breeding of important crops are reviewed, the advantages and importance of CRISRR/Cas technology in breeding are emphasized, and the possible problems are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Xiuzhe Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Yan Zhang,
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Yan Zhang,
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50
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Menhas S, Yang X, Hayat K, Ali A, Ali EF, Shahid M, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J, Hayat S, Zhou P. Melatonin enhanced oilseed rape growth and mitigated Cd stress risk: A novel trial for reducing Cd accumulation by bioenergy crops. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119642. [PMID: 35716896 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (M) is a pleiotropic molecule that improves plant growth and increases heavy metal tolerance. The role of M for improving plant growth and tolerance under cadmium (Cd) stress, and mitigation of Cd-induced toxicity has not yet been sufficiently examined. Therefore, here we conducted a glasshouse experiment to explore the influence of various M dosages on Cd detoxification and stress-tolerance responses of Brassica napus under high Cd content (30 mg kg-1). The effects of M on the modulation of Cd tolerance in B. napus plants have been investigated using various growth attributes, Cd accumulation and tolerance indices, and secondary metabolic parameters. We found that Cd stress inhibited root growth (by 11.9%) as well as triggered reactive oxygen species accumulation (by 31.2%) and MDA levels (by 18.7%); however, exogenous M substantially alleviated the adverse effect of oxidative stress by decreasing levels of H2O2 (by 38.7%), MDA (by 13.8%) and EL (by 1.8%) in the Cd-stressed plants, as compared to the M-untreated plants (control). Interestingly, exogenous M reduced Cd accumulation in roots (∼48.2-58.3-fold), stem (∼2.9-5.0-fold) and leaves (∼4.7-6.6-fold) compared to control plants, which might be due to an M-induced defense and/or detoxification response involving a battery of antioxidants. Overall, addition of the exogenous M to the Cd-stressed plants profoundly enhanced Cd tolerance in B. napus relative to control plants. These results suggested the biostimulatory role (at the physiological and molecular level) of M in improving growth, Cd tolerance, and Cd detoxification in B. napus, which indicate the potentiality of M for green remediation of Cd contaminated soils. This green trial would provide a reference for producing renewable bioenergy crops under Cd stress in contaminated soils. However, these recommendations should be verified under field conditions and the potential mechanisms for the interaction between Cd and M should be explicitly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqa Menhas
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xijia Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Esmat F Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sikandar Hayat
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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