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Wang W, Luo Q, Xiang L, Xiong Y, Qin F, Yuan J. Dietary intakes of vitamin B 6, folate, vitamin B 12 and erectile dysfunction: a national population-based study. Transl Androl Urol 2024; 13:1395-1404. [PMID: 39280666 PMCID: PMC11399063 DOI: 10.21037/tau-24-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While deficiencies in vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 are linked to various human diseases, including anemia, depression, peripheral neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), literature regarding the association between vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 and erectile dysfunction (ED) is scarce. We aimed to determine the dietary intake of vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 and ED in the United States population. Methods We extracted data from the 2001-2004 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary intakes of B vitamins were collected based on one 24-hour dietary recall. The association between dietary intake of vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12 and ED was examined using multivariate logistic regression models. Results A total of 3,875 participants were included for analysis, with 1,201 reporting ED and 2,894 not experiencing ED. The multivariable odds ratios (ORs) for the highest vs. lowest quartiles of vitamin B6 was 0.77 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60-0.99; P for trend =0.03] for the prevalence of ED. Subgroup analyses demonstrated a significant inverse association between dietary intake of vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12 and the prevalence of ED among men aged ≤60 years, individuals of Mexican American and non-Hispanic White ethnicity, and those without a history of CVD, diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol. Conclusions The consumption of dietary vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 was significantly linked to decreased risks of ED among younger healthier men, suggesting a potential protective role of these nutrients against ED in United States adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Urology and Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuping Luo
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Xiang
- Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Xiong
- Department of Urology and Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Department of Urology and Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Department of Urology and Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yang X, Qiu K, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Liao Y. Metabolic Crosstalk between Liver and Brain: From Diseases to Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7621. [PMID: 39062868 PMCID: PMC11277155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathogenesis of liver and brain is implicated in numerous metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent insights have positioned the liver not only as a central metabolic hub but also as an endocrine organ, capable of secreting hepatokines that transmit metabolic signals throughout the body via the bloodstream. Metabolites from the liver or gut microbiota also facilitate a complex dialogue between liver and brain. In parallel to humoral factors, the neural pathways, particularly the hypothalamic nuclei and autonomic nervous system, are pivotal in modulating the bilateral metabolic interplay between the cerebral and hepatic compartments. The term "liver-brain axis" vividly portrays this interaction. At the end of this review, we summarize cutting-edge technical advancements that have enabled the observation and manipulation of these signals, including genetic engineering, molecular tracing, and delivery technologies. These innovations are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the liver-brain axis and its role in metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yunfei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Zhang F, Tang T, Liu J, Wang W, Wang Y, Yan Y, Liu J, Liu H. Calcium and vitamin D supplements and burnout of anesthesiologists: National cross-sectional study from China. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024:912174241262120. [PMID: 38904249 DOI: 10.1177/00912174241262120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Job burnout among anesthesiologists has been consistently high. This study evaluated the association of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with burnout among Chinese anesthesiologists. METHOD A cross-sectional online survey was conducted during April and May 2023. Burnout was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which assesses emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Data on calcium and vitamin D supplementations were self-reported. Sociodemographic information and medical history were also assessed. Binary and ordinal logistic regression were used to evaluate the risk of burnout and burnout levels, respectively. The relative excess risk due to interaction and the attributable proportion due to interaction were examined to determine the synergistic effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementations on burnout risk. RESULTS Among the 4222 invited anesthesiologists, 3766 submitted eligible questionnaires. Approximately 49.8% met the criteria for general burnout. Among anesthesiologists with burnout, 58.4% experienced emotional exhaustion, 35.8% depersonalization, and 61.2% low personal accomplishment. Anesthesiologists receiving calcium supplementation had a decreased risk of emotional exhaustion (OR = .83, 95% CI = .70-.99). Supplementation of vitamin D with or without calcium was not associated with overall burnout and any of its dimensions. No additive interaction of calcium and vitamin D on burnout was observed. CONCLUSIONS Job burnout among anesthesiologists is of concern in China. Burnout is negatively associated with calcium supplementation but not with vitamin D. Further research is warranted to confirm the mechanism and causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianying Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangtian Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Precision Anesthesia & Perioperative Organ Protection, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu Y, Ying T, Xu M, Chen Q, Wu M, Liu Y, He G. Joint B Vitamin Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: The Mediating Role of Inflammation in a Prospective Shanghai Cohort. Nutrients 2024; 16:1901. [PMID: 38931256 PMCID: PMC11206684 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global and complex public health challenge, and dietary management is acknowledged as critical in its prevention. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of micronutrients in T2D pathophysiology; our study aims to assess the association between B vitamin intake and T2D risks and the mediating role of inflammation. METHODS In a prospective cohort design, data on B vitamins intake, including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), folate (B9), and cobalamin (B12), was obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and blood inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed according to standard protocol in the local hospitals at baseline from 44,960 adults in the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB). Incident T2D cases were identified according to a physician's diagnosis or medication records from the electronic medical information system. We employed logistic and weighted quantile sum regression models to explore the associations of single and combined levels of B vitamins with T2D and mediation analyses to investigate the effects of inflammation. RESULTS Negative correlations between B vitamins and T2D were observed in the single-exposure models, except for B3. The analyses of joint exposure (B1, B2, B6, B9, and B12) also showed an inverse association (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.88), with vitamin B6 accounting for 45.58% of the effects. Further mediation analysis indicated a mediating inflammatory impact, accounting for 6.72% of the relationship. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intake of B vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B9, B12) was associated with a reduced T2D risk partially mediated by inflammation in Shanghai residents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.Z.)
| | - Gengsheng He
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.Z.)
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Yang Z, Zhang J, Zheng Y. Higher vitamin B 6 dietary consumption is associated with a lower risk of glaucoma among United States adults. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1363539. [PMID: 38903614 PMCID: PMC11188593 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1363539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Although numerous studies have substantiated the neuroprotective effects of vitamin B6 on the optic nerve and its enhancement of visual function, comprehensive data delineating the correlation between vitamin B6 and glaucoma at a national demographic scale remain insufficient. This study is designed to explore the link between the dietary consumption of vitamin B6 and glaucoma. Methods This study included 3,850 individuals aged 40 and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), spanning 2005-2008. Dietary consumption of vitamin B6 was calculated from the average of two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Glaucoma was diagnosed in accordance with the established Rotterdam criteria. To evaluate the relationship between vitamin B6 dietary consumption and the risk of glaucoma, we employed Restricted Cubic Splines and weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis. We employed stratified and three other sensitivity analyses to confirm the robustness of our results, and conducted a preliminary exploration of the potential association between vitamin B6 supplement consumption and glaucoma risk. Results After adjusting for covariates, we found a significant inverse correlation between dietary consumption of vitamin B6 and glaucoma risk (p non-linearity = 0.18; p for trend = 0.02). Stratified analysis and three other sensitivity analyses revealed stability in the outcomes (all p for interaction>0.05). Compared to the lowest quartile of consumption (≤1.23 mg/day), individuals in the highest quartile of vitamin B6 consumption (>2.34 mg/day) experienced a 75% reduction in glaucoma risk (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.07-0.92). However, the effect of vitamin B6 supplements on glaucoma was inconclusive. Conclusion A diet high in vitamin B6 inversely correlates with glaucoma risk, suggesting that increasing dietary intake of vitamin B6 could be a viable preventative strategy against glaucoma among adults in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Wang C, Li B, Zhu Q, Zhang Q, Xie Z, Xie H, Li X. Dietary vitamin B6 intake and stroke are negatively associated in adults: A cross-sectional study from the NHANES. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31125. [PMID: 38778939 PMCID: PMC11109891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between dietary vitamin B6 and stroke risk is controversial; thus, we analyzed their correlation using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Method Data from 2005 to 2018 were collected from the NHANES database. Two 24-h dietary recalls and a standard questionnaire were used to evaluate vitamin B6 intake and stroke prevalence. We used logistic regression models to estimate the association between dietary vitamin B6 intake and stroke risk and investigated the nonlinear relationship between them using a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Sensitivity analysis was conducted using propensity score matching (PSM). Results Among 24,214 participants, 921 were patients diagnosed with stroke, while 23,293 were without stroke. The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that individuals in the highest quartile of vitamin B6 consumption had a significantly lower stroke risk than those in the lowest quartile under the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.48, 95 % CI: 0.35-0.66, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that dietary intake of vitamin B6 was a significant protective factor against stroke risk in different populations, with the most pronounced effect in the population engaging in moderate-intensity physical activity (OR: 0.34, 95%CI: 0.20-0.57). The RCS models revealed a non-linear L-shaped relationship (P for nonlinearity = 0.006) between stroke and dietary intake of vitamin B6. Conclusions Our study shows that an increased intake of vitamin B6 could be an effective strategy in reducing the risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Qikeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Zhenyan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Huixi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
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Deleanu C, Nicolescu A. NMR Spectroscopy in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Methylmalonic and Propionic Acidemias. Biomolecules 2024; 14:528. [PMID: 38785935 PMCID: PMC11117674 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although both localized nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and non-localized nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) generate the same information, i.e., spectra generated by various groups from the structure of metabolites, they are rarely employed in the same study or by the same research group. As our review reveals, these techniques have never been applied in the same study of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), propionic acidemia (PA) or vitamin B12 deficiency patients. On the other hand, MRS and NMR provide complementary information which is very valuable in the assessment of the severity of disease and efficiency of its treatment. Thus, MRS provides intracellular metabolic information from localized regions of the brain, while NMR provides extracellular metabolic information from biological fluids like urine, blood or cerebrospinal fluid. This paper presents an up-to-date review of the NMR and MRS studies reported to date for methylmalonic and propionic acidemias. Vitamin B12 deficiency, although in most of its cases not inherited, shares similarities in its metabolic effects with MMA and it is also covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calin Deleanu
- “Costin D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Spl. Independentei 202-B, RO-060023 Bucharest, Romania
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41-A, RO-700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Nicolescu
- “Costin D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Spl. Independentei 202-B, RO-060023 Bucharest, Romania
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41-A, RO-700487 Iasi, Romania
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Li B, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zheng T, Li Q, Yang S, Shao J, Guan W, Zhang S. Nutritional strategies to reduce intestinal cell apoptosis by alleviating oxidative stress. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae023. [PMID: 38626282 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut barrier is the first line of defense against harmful substances and pathogens in the intestinal tract. The balance of proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosa and its function. However, oxidative stress and inflammation can cause DNA damage and abnormal apoptosis of the IECs, leading to the disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier. This, in turn, can directly or indirectly cause various acute and chronic intestinal diseases. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of the vital role of dietary ingredients in gut health. Studies have shown that certain amino acids, fibers, vitamins, and polyphenols in the diet can protect IECs from excessive apoptosis caused by oxidative stress, and limit intestinal inflammation. This review aims to describe the molecular mechanism of apoptosis and its relationship with intestinal function, and to discuss the modulation of IECs' physiological function, the intestinal epithelial barrier, and gut health by various nutrients. The findings of this review may provide a theoretical basis for the use of nutritional interventions in clinical intestinal disease research and animal production, ultimately leading to improved human and animal intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianzi Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tenghui Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwang Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Shao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Jin T, Huang W, Pang Q, He Z, Yuan L, Zhang H, Xing D, Guo S, Zhang T. Inferring the genetic effects of serum homocysteine and vitamin B levels on autism spectral disorder through Mendelian randomization. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:977-986. [PMID: 38265752 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The previous studies have suggested that serum homocysteine (Hcy) and vitamin B levels are potentially related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the causality between their concentrations and ASD risk remains unclear. To elucidate this genetic association, we used a Mendelian randomization (MR) design. METHODS For this MR analysis, 47 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-13 related to Hcy, 13 to folate, 14 to vitamin B6, and 7 to vitamin B12-were obtained from a large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database and employed as instrumental variables (IVs). Our study used three approaches to calculate the MR estimates, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger method, and weighted median (WM) method. Among these, the IVW method served as our primary MR method. False discovery rate (FDR) was implemented to correct for multiple comparisons. We also performed a series of sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger's intercept, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis, and the funnel plot. RESULTS Univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) analysis revealed a statistical association between serum vitamin B12 levels and ASD risk (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.12-2.52, P = 0.01) using the IVW method. However, neither the WM method (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.93-2.66, P = 0.09) nor the MR-Egger method (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 0.48-11.19, P = 0.34) was significantly association with higher levels of serum vitamin B12 and ASD risk. Additionally, we found no evidence of causal relationships between serum levels of vitamin B6, folate, Hcy, and ASD risk. After correcting for the FDR, the causality between serum vitamin B12 levels and ASD risk remained significant (q value = 0.0270). Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis indicated an independent association between elevated serum vitamin B12 levels and the risk of ASD (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.03-2.95, P = 0.03) using the IVW method, but this finding was inconsistent when using the WM method (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 0.89-3.36, P = 0.11) and MR-Egger method (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 0.95-2.71, P = 0.08). Furthermore, no causal associations were observed for serum levels of vitamin B6 and folate in MVMR analysis. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that these results were reliable. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that elevated serum vitamin B12 levels might increase the risk of ASD. The potential implications of our results for ASD risk warrant validation in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiongyi Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zitian He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linran Yuan
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dalin Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shunyuan Guo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.
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Attia H, Badr A, Alshehri O, Alsulaiman W, Alshanwani A, Alshehri S, Arafa M, Hasan I, Ali R. The Protective Effects of Vitamin B Complex on Diclofenac Sodium-Induced Nephrotoxicity: The Role of NOX4/RhoA/ROCK. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-01996-6. [PMID: 38413451 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01996-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DIC) is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Unfortunately, its prolonged use is associated with nephrotoxicity due to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. We aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of vitamin B complex (B1, B6, B12) against DIC-induced nephrotoxicity and its impact on NOX4/RhoA/ROCK, a pathway that plays a vital role in renal pathophysiology. Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) normal control; (2) vitamin B complex (16 mg/kg B1, 16 mg/kg B6, 0.16 mg/kg B12, intraperitoneal); (3) DIC (10 mg/kg, intramuscular); and (4) DIC plus vitamin B complex group. After 14 days, the following were assayed: serum renal biomarkers (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, kidney injury molecule-1), oxidative stress, inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6), and fibrotic (transforming growth factor-β) markers as well as the protein levels of NOX4, RhoA, and ROCK. Structural changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrosis were detected using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome stains. Compared to DIC, vitamin B complex significantly decreased the renal function biomarkers, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and fibrotic cytokines. Glomerular and tubular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and excessive collagen accumulation were also reduced. Protein levels of NOX4, RhoA, and ROCK were significantly elevated by DIC, and this elevation was ameliorated by vitamin B complex. In conclusion, vitamin B complex administration could be a renoprotective approach during treatment with DIC via, at least in part, suppressing the NOX4/RhoA/ROCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Orjuwan Alshehri
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad Alsulaiman
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliah Alshanwani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samiyah Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Arafa
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 2454, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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El-Sobky H, El-Shanawany SM, Ghanem M, Atef M. Role of N-acetylcysteine and vitamin B complex in improving outcomes of corrosive ingestion. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad125. [PMID: 38188454 PMCID: PMC10768881 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Corrosive ingestion remains a worldwide public health problem. To date, there are no specific medications with approved efficacy in reducing gastrointestinal injury progression following corrosive ingestion. Aim The current study assessed the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and vitamin B complex as adjuvant therapy in improving the outcome of patients with corrosive ingestion. Subjects and methods The study included 92 patients with acute corrosive ingestion admitted to Alexandria Poison Center. Patients were distributed into four equal-sized groups and managed as such; Group I received the standard treatment protocol. The other three groups received IV antioxidants in addition to the standard treatment; Group II received NAC, Group III received vitamin B complex, and Group IV received both NAC and vitamin B complex. To assess occurrence of delayed complications, barium swallow and meal were done 21 days after acute corrosive ingestion, and every patient was followed up for one year. Results Start of oral intake was earliest among patients in Group II, and as a result, the need for parenteral nutrition decreased significantly with a subsequent decrease in duration of hospitalization. The highest percentage of patients showing normal findings of barium swallow and meal was among the two groups that received NAC (72.7% in Group II and 77.8% in Group IV). Group IV patients who received NAC and vitamin B complex had no esophageal strictures with improved outcomes. Conclusion NAC and vitamin B complex enhanced recovery in the acute stage, in addition to prevention of delayed complications, especially esophageal strictures. Highlights Acute corrosive ingestion is associated with high morbidity because of its catastrophic presentation and lifelong complications.This study was conducted on 92 patients admitted to Alexandria Poison Center (APC).IV NAC significantly decreased the time needed for starting oral intake after acute corrosive ingestion and consequently, the need for parenteral nutrition and duration of hospitalization.No patients suffered from esophageal strictures in the group which received both IV NAC and vitamin B complex.Both NAC and vitamin B complex improved the outcome of patients after ingestion of corrosives whether acids or alkalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi El-Sobky
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Al Attarin, Alexandria Governorate, 21517, Egypt
| | - Safaa Mostafa El-Shanawany
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Al Attarin, Alexandria Governorate, 21517, Egypt
| | - Maha Ghanem
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Al Attarin, Alexandria Governorate, 21517, Egypt
| | - Maram Atef
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Al Attarin, Alexandria Governorate, 21517, Egypt
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12
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Işık S, Çiçek S. Impacts of high-dose riboflavin on cytotoxicity, antioxidant, growth, reproductive gene expressions, and genotoxicity in the rainbow trout gonadal cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 94:105730. [PMID: 37944868 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin (vitamin B2 found in food) is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which study as coenzymes for a variety of cellular processes including biosynthesis, homocysteine metabolism, detoxification, and various oxidation and reduction reactions. Although studies on the symptoms resulting from riboflavin deficiency are intense, studies on the effects of high doses of riboflavin are almost absent. This report aimed to examine the actions of riboflavin on cell viability, the transcriptional expressions of antioxidant enzyme (gsr and gpx1a), growth (gh1, igf1, and igf2), the reproductive (bol) genes and DNA damage in the rainbow trout gonad cells (RTG-2) for 48 h. All concentrations of riboflavin (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μM) significantly reduced the RTG-2 cell viability. Riboflavin (LD50: 12.5 μM) significantly downregulated the transcriptional expressions of gpx1a, igf1, and bol genes, while it non-significantly upregulated or downregulated the transcriptional expression of gsr, igf2, and gh1 genes in the RTG-2 cells in comparison to the control group for 48 h. The comet assay demonstrated that riboflavin significantly raised tail DNA% >10% DMSO (positive control). Based on the outcomes, high doses of riboflavin exhibit the potential to have a role in cellular mechanisms, including especially reproduction, DNA damage, and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Işık
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25400, Turkey
| | - Semra Çiçek
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25400, Turkey.
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13
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Suryavanshi U, Angadi KK, Reddy VS, Reddy GB. Neuroprotective role of vitamin B12 in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110823. [PMID: 38049026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia-induced neuropathological changes include neuronal apoptosis, astrogliosis, decrease in neurotrophic support, impaired synaptic plasticity, and impaired protein quality control (PQC) system. Vitamin B12 is indispensable for neuronal development and brain function. Several studies reported the neuroprotective effect of B12 supplementation in diabetic patients. However, the underlying molecular basis for the neuroprotective effect of B12 supplementation in diabetes needs to be thoroughly investigated. Two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: Control (CN), diabetes (D; induced with streptozotocin; STZ), and diabetic rats supplemented with vitamin B12 (DBS; vitamin B12; 50 μg/kg) for four months. At the end of 4 months of experimentation, the brain was dissected to collect the cerebral cortex (CC). The morphology of CC was investigated with H&E and Nissl body staining. Neuronal apoptosis was determined with TUNEL assay. The components of neurotrophic support, astrogliosis, synaptic plasticity, and PQC processes were investigated by immunoblotting and immunostaining methods. H& E, Nissl body, and TUNEL staining revealed that diabetes-induced neuronal apoptosis and degeneration. However, B12 supplementation ameliorated the diabetes-induced neuronal apoptosis. Further, B12 supplementation restored the markers of neurotrophic support (BDNF, NGF, and GDNF), and synaptic plasticity (SYP, and PSD-95) in diabetic rats. Interestingly, B12 supplementation also attenuated astrogliosis, ER stress, and ameliorated autophagy-related proteins in diabetic rats. Overall, these findings suggest that B12 acts as a neuroprotective agent by inhibiting the neuropathological changes in STZ-induced type 1 diabetes. Thus, B12 supplementation could produce beneficial outcomes including neuroprotective effects in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaykanth Suryavanshi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Angadi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - V Sudhakar Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
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14
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Modzelewski S, Oracz A, Iłendo K, Sokół A, Waszkiewicz N. Biomarkers of Postpartum Depression: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6519. [PMID: 37892657 PMCID: PMC10607683 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a disorder that impairs the formation of the relationship between mother and child, and reduces the quality of life for affected women to a functionally significant degree. Studying markers associated with PPD can help in early detection, prevention, or monitoring treatment. The purpose of this paper is to review biomarkers linked to PPD and to present selected theories on the pathogenesis of the disease based on data from biomarker studies. The complex etiology of the disorder reduces the specificity and sensitivity of markers, but they remain a valuable source of information to help clinicians. The biggest challenge of the future will be to translate high-tech methods for detecting markers associated with postpartum depression into more readily available and less costly ones. Population-based studies are needed to test the utility of potential PPD markers.
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15
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Dahiri B, Hinojosa MG, Carbonero-Aguilar P, Cerrillos L, Ostos R, Bautista J, Moreno I. Assessment of the oxidative status in mother-child couples from Seville (Spain): A prospective cohort study. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:308-319. [PMID: 37597786 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy requires a high demand of energy, which leads to an increase of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative status in 200 couples of pregnant women-newborns at the time of delivery, for the first time, who gave birth in two University Hospitals from the province of Seville. Recruited women filled an epidemiological questionnaire with their demographic characteristics and dietary habits during pregnancy. At the time of delivery, both maternal and cord blood samples were collected. Protein oxidation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels were measured to assess the oxidative status of these women, together with the levels of vitamins D, B12, Zn, Se, and Cu. Our results showed a tendency for all biomarkers measured to be higher in cord blood than in maternal blood. For the correlations established between the OS markers and sociodemographic characteristics, only significant differences for carbonyl groups values were found on both maternal and cord blood, relating these higher values to the use of insecticides in the women's homes. For newborns, only a significant correlation was detected between antioxidant enzymes and the newborn's weight, specifically for superoxide dismutase activity. Additionally, the higher values obtained in cord blood might suggest metabolization, while a higher production of ROS and antioxidant enzymes might be required to maintain the balance. Measured levels for Se were similar in both maternal and cord blood, unlike Cu and Zn, where higher levels were found for maternal blood than cord blood, indicating a correlation between maternal Se values and SOD as OS biomarker. Furthermore, vitamin D levels were around the optimum values established, finding a relationship between vitamin D and new-born's height, unlike for vitamin B12 values, where a correlation with maternal food consumption characteristics was established. Overall values were inside normal ranges and consistent for our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Dahiri
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - María G Hinojosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Institutionen för biokemi och biofysik, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pilar Carbonero-Aguilar
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lucas Cerrillos
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstretrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Ctra. de Cádiz, 41014, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa Ostos
- Department of Genetics, Reproduction and Fetal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Bautista
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Moreno
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
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16
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Basiri R, Seidu B, Cheskin LJ. Key Nutrients for Optimal Blood Glucose Control and Mental Health in Individuals with Diabetes: A Review of the Evidence. Nutrients 2023; 15:3929. [PMID: 37764713 PMCID: PMC10536295 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. Mental disorders can also contribute to the development of diabetes through various mechanisms including increased stress, poor self-care behaviors, and adverse effects on glucose metabolism. Consequently, individuals suffering from either of these conditions frequently experience comorbidity with the other. Nutrition plays an important role in both diabetes and mental health disorders including depression and anxiety. Deficiencies in specific nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, B vitamins, zinc, chromium, magnesium, and selenium have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both diabetes and mental disorders. While the impact of nutrition on the progression and control of diabetes and mental disorders is broadly acknowledged, there is a notable knowledge gap concerning the implications of distinct nutrients in preventing and mitigating symptoms of both conditions when they coexist. The aim of this study was to examine the role of nutrition in improving glucose homeostasis and promoting mental well-being among individuals with diabetes. Further, we evaluated the preventive or delaying effects of key nutrients on the simultaneous manifestation of these conditions when one of them is present. Our findings indicated that the use of personalized dietary interventions and targeted nutrient supplementation can improve metabolic and mental health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raedeh Basiri
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Institute for Biohealth Innovation, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Blessing Seidu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Lawrence J. Cheskin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Institute for Biohealth Innovation, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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17
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Gudmundson AT, Koo A, Virovka A, Amirault AL, Soo M, Cho JH, Oeltzschner G, Edden RAE, Stark CEL. Meta-analysis and open-source database for in vivo brain Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy in health and disease. Anal Biochem 2023; 676:115227. [PMID: 37423487 PMCID: PMC10561665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Proton (1H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations in vivo. Prioritization of standardization and accessibility in the field has led to the development of universal pulse sequences, methodological consensus recommendations, and the development of open-source analysis software packages. One on-going challenge is methodological validation with ground-truth data. As ground-truths are rarely available for in vivo measurements, data simulations have become an important tool. The diverse literature of metabolite measurements has made it challenging to define ranges to be used within simulations. Especially for the development of deep learning and machine learning algorithms, simulations must be able to produce accurate spectra capturing all the nuances of in vivo data. Therefore, we sought to determine the physiological ranges and relaxation rates of brain metabolites which can be used both in data simulations and as reference estimates. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we've identified relevant MRS research articles and created an open-source database containing methods, results, and other article information as a resource. Using this database, expectation values and ranges for metabolite concentrations and T2 relaxation times are established based upon a meta-analyses of healthy and diseased brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Gudmundson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annie Koo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Anna Virovka
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa L Amirault
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Madelene Soo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn H Cho
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Craig E L Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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18
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Lee MC, Hsu YJ, Shen SY, Ho CS, Huang CC. A functional evaluation of anti-fatigue and exercise performance improvement following vitamin B complex supplementation in healthy humans, a randomized double-blind trial. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1272-1281. [PMID: 37786445 PMCID: PMC10542023 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.86738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B vitamins play a crucial role in maintaining fundamental cellular functions and various essential metabolic pathways in the body. Although they do not directly provide energy, each B vitamin acts as a cofactor in energy metabolism processes. Based on the evidence presented above, we hypothesized that a 28-day supplementation of vitamin B would enhance physical performance and reduce physical fatigue. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue effect of vitamin B supplementation, specifically vitamin B1, B2, B6, and B12, and its potential to improve exercise performance. We employed a randomized double-blind crossover design with a 28-day supplementation period. Sixteen male and sixteen female subjects, aged 20-30 years, were divided into two groups: the placebo group (n=16, equal gender distribution) and the Ex PLUS® group (n=16, equal gender distribution). The participants received either placebo or Ex PLUS® (one tablet per day) for 28 consecutive days. Following the intervention, there was a 14-day wash-out period during which the subjects did not receive any further interventions. After supplementation with Ex PLUS®, we found a significant increase in the running time by 1.26-fold (p < 0.05) to exhaustion compared to that before supplementation and that in the placebo group. In addition, the Ex PLUS® supplementation group presented significantly reduced blood lactate and blood ammonia concentrations during exercise and at rest after exercise compared with placebo (p < 0.05). In conclusion, 28 consecutive days of vitamin B complex (Ex PLUS®) supplementation significantly improved exercise endurance performance and reduced exercise fatigue biochemical metabolites in not athletes. In addition, it does not cause adverse effects in humans when taken at appropriate doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mon-Chien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Yu Shen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shan Ho
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
- Tajen University, Pingtung 907101, Taiwan
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19
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Padonou SW, Houngbédji M, Hounhouigan MH, Chadare FJ, Hounhouigan DJ. B-vitamins and heat processed fermented starchy and vegetable foods in sub-Saharan Africa: A review. J Food Sci 2023; 88:3155-3188. [PMID: 37458298 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiency still occurs in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite the availability of several food resources, particularly fermented foods and vegetables, with high nutritional potential. Fermentation enhances the quality of food in several aspects. Organoleptically, certain taste, aroma, and textures are developed. Health and safety are improved by inhibiting the growth of several foodborne pathogens and removing harmful toxic compounds. Furthermore, nutrition is enhanced by improving micronutrient contents and bioavailability from the food, especially vitamin B content. However, during processing and before final consumption, many fermented foods are heat treated (drying, pasteurization, cooking, etc.) to make the food digestible and safe for consumption. Heat treatment improves the bioavailability of B-vitamins in some foods. In other foods, heating decreases the nutritional value because some B-vitamins are degraded. In SSA, cooked starchy foods are often associated with vegetables in household meals. This paper reviews studies that have focused fermented starchy foods and vegetable foods in SSA with the potential to provide B-vitamins to consumers. The review also describes the process of the preparation of these foods for final consumption, and techniques that can prevent or lessen B-vitamin loss, or enrich B-vitamins prior to consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sègla Wilfrid Padonou
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, des Bioressources et de Nutrition Humaine, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Sakété, Bénin
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Jéricho, Bénin
| | - Marcel Houngbédji
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, des Bioressources et de Nutrition Humaine, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Sakété, Bénin
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Jéricho, Bénin
| | - Mênouwesso Harold Hounhouigan
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, des Bioressources et de Nutrition Humaine, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Sakété, Bénin
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Jéricho, Bénin
| | - Flora Josiane Chadare
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, des Bioressources et de Nutrition Humaine, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Sakété, Bénin
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Jéricho, Bénin
| | - Djidjoho Joseph Hounhouigan
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologie des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Jéricho, Bénin
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20
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Rupanagunta GP, Nandave M, Rawat D, Upadhyay J, Rashid S, Ansari MN. Postpartum depression: aetiology, pathogenesis and the role of nutrients and dietary supplements in prevention and management. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1274-1293. [PMID: 37304359 PMCID: PMC10250836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a challenging psychological disorder faced by 10-30% of mothers across the globe. In India, it occurs among 22% of mothers. Its aetiology and pathophysiology aren't fully understood as of today but multiple theories on the interplay of hormones, neurotransmitters, genetics, epigenetics, nutrients, socio-environmental factors, etc. exist. Nutrients are not only essential for the synthesis of neurotransmitters, but they may also indirectly influence genomic pathways that methylate DNA, and there is evidence for molecular associations between nutritional quality and psychological well-being. Increased behavioural disorders have been attributed to macro- and micronutrient deficiencies, and dietary supplementation has been effective in treating several neuropsychiatric illnesses. Nutritional deficiencies occur frequently in women, especially during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive literature review of evidence-based research in order to identify, gather and summarize existing knowledge on PPD's aetiology, pathophysiology, and the role of nutrients in its prevention as well as management. The possible mechanisms of action of nutrients are also presented here. Study findings show that the risk of depression increases when omega-3 fatty acid levels are low. Both fish oil and folic acid supplements have been used to effectively treat depression. Antidepressant efficacy is lowered by folate insufficiency. Folate, vitamin B12, iron, etc. deficiencies are more prevalent in depressed people than in non-depressed people. Serum cholesterol levels and plasma tryptophan levels are found to be inversely correlated with PPD. Serum vitamin D levels were associated inversely with perinatal depression. These findings highlight the importance of adequate nutrition in the antepartum period. Given that nutritional therapies can be affordable, safe, simple to use, and are typically well-accepted by patients, more focus should be placed on dietary variables in PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gnana Prasoona Rupanagunta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Energy Acres Campus, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), MB Road, Pushp Vihar, Sector 3, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Divya Rawat
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Energy Acres Campus, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jyoti Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Energy Acres Campus, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Gudmundson AT, Koo A, Virovka A, Amirault AL, Soo M, Cho JH, Oeltzschner G, Edden RA, Stark C. Meta-analysis and Open-source Database for In Vivo Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Health and Disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.528046. [PMID: 37205343 PMCID: PMC10187197 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Proton ( 1 H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations in vivo . Prioritization of standardization and accessibility in the field has led to the development of universal pulse sequences, methodological consensus recommendations, and the development of open-source analysis software packages. One on-going challenge is methodological validation with ground-truth data. As ground-truths are rarely available for in vivo measurements, data simulations have become an important tool. The diverse literature of metabolite measurements has made it challenging to define ranges to be used within simulations. Especially for the development of deep learning and machine learning algorithms, simulations must be able to produce accurate spectra capturing all the nuances of in vivo data. Therefore, we sought to determine the physiological ranges and relaxation rates of brain metabolites which can be used both in data simulations and as reference estimates. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we've identified relevant MRS research articles and created an open-source database containing methods, results, and other article information as a resource. Using this database, expectation values and ranges for metabolite concentrations and T 2 relaxation times are established based upon a meta-analyses of healthy and diseased brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T. Gudmundson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Annie Koo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Anna Virovka
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Alyssa L. Amirault
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Madelene Soo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Jocelyn H. Cho
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard A.E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Craig Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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22
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Zhou L, Song X, Wang J, Tan Y, Yang Q. Effects of vitamin B 12 deficiency on risk and outcome of ischemic stroke. Clin Biochem 2023; 118:110591. [PMID: 37247800 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent form of stroke and has a high incidence in older adults, characterized by high morbidity, mortality, disability, and recurrence rate. Vitamin B12 deficiency is prevalent in the elderly and has been reported to be associated with ischemic stroke. The mechanisms maybe include the disorder of methylation metabolism, accumulation of toxic metabolites, immune dysfunction, affecting gut microbial composition and gut-brain immune homeostasis, and toxic stress responses to the brain. Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to cerebral artery atherosclerosis, change myelination, influence the metabolism and transmission between nerve tissue, and ultimately causes the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. This paper reviews the correlation between vitamin B12 deficiency and ischemic stroke, looking forward to improving clinicians' understanding and providing new therapeutic directions for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaosong Song
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiani Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yongjun Tan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Yoon SI, Moon HR, Lee SR, Zhang J, Lee S, Cho JA. Nutrient Inadequacy in Korean Young Adults with Depression: A Case Control Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2195. [PMID: 37432385 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of diet is gaining attention among the modifiable factors associated with depression; thus, this case-control study examined the association between nutrition and depression in young Korean adults. Dietary surveys in individuals with depression (n = 39) and age- and gender-matched controls (n = 76) were conducted using food records and food frequency questionnaires. Men with depression consumed less mushrooms and meat, while women consumed significantly less grains (p < 0.05). Overall, the depression group consumed less energy and nutrients, and the difference was more pronounced in men. The male depression group had lower nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for energy, protein, vitamin A, thiamine, niacin, folate, and phosphorus, whereas the female depression group had lower NARs for energy, protein, niacin, and vitamin B12. The depression group had a significantly lower mean adequacy ratio in both genders. Furthermore, the proportion of inappropriate nutrient intake was higher in both genders of the depression group, exhibiting significant differences in energy, protein, niacin, folate, and zinc in men and energy, riboflavin, folate, and vitamin C in women. Hence, both men and women in the depression group had poor nutrient intake and high rates of nutrient inadequacy and improper consumption. This suggests that the quantity and quality of meals should be improved for individuals with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-In Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Microbiome-Brain Disorders, Chungnam University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ri Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - So Rok Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingnan Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Research Center for Microbiome-Brain Disorders, Chungnam University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 32134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ah Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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24
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Sun C, Ding D, Wen Z, Zhang C, Kong J. Association between Micronutrients and Hyperhomocysteinemia: A Case-Control Study in Northeast China. Nutrients 2023; 15:1895. [PMID: 37111114 PMCID: PMC10145750 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases where the plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentration exceeds 15 µmol/L. HHcy is affected by vitamins B12, B6, and folic acid (fol); however, its relationship with other nutrients is not fully understood. We investigated the nutritional and genetic factors associated with HHcy and the possible dose-response relationships or threshold effects in patients in Northeast China. Genetic polymorphisms and micronutrients were tested with polymerase chain reaction and mass spectrometry, respectively. This trial was registered under trial number ChiCTR1900025136. The HHcy group had significantly more males and higher body mass index (BMI), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677TT) polymorphism proportion, and uric acid, Zn, Fe, P, and vitamin A levels than the control group. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, vitamin B12, fol, and MTHFR C677T, the lowest Zn quartile reduced the odds ratio of HHcy compared with the highest Zn quartile. The dose-response curves for the association between plasma Zn and HHcy were S-shaped. High plasma Zn concentrations were significantly correlated with high HHcy odds ratios, and the curve leveled off or slightly decreased. Most importantly, HHcy risk decreased with decreasing plasma Zn concentration; the threshold was 83.89 µmol/L. Conclusively, individuals residing in Northeast China, especially those with the MTHFR 677TT polymorphism, must pay attention to their plasma Zn and Hcy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juan Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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25
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Study of Diet Habits and Cognitive Function in the Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: The Association between Folic Acid, B Vitamins, Vitamin D, Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation and Cognitive Ability. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051243. [PMID: 36904242 PMCID: PMC10005055 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that vitamin supplements play a role in the prevention of cognitive decline. The objective of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between cognitive ability and folic acid, B vitamins, vitamin D (VD) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation. The sample consisted of 892 adults aged above 50 who were assessed for their cognitive status in the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (China) from July 2019 to January 2022. According to the degree of cognitive impairment, the subjects were divided into a normal control (NC) group, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) group, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group and Alzheimer's disease (AD) group. The results indicated a lower risk of AD in the daily VD-supplemented subjects with MCI compared to those who were not supplemented; a lower risk of cognitive impairment in those with normal cognitive who consumed VD, folic acid or CoQ10 on a daily basis compared those who did not; and a lower risk of cognitive impairment in subjects with normal cognitive performance who consumed B vitamin supplements, either daily or occasionally, compared to those who did not. The correlation was independent of other factors that potentially affect cognition, such as education level, age, etc. In conclusion, our findings confirmed a lower prevalence of cognitive impairment in those who took vitamins (folic acid, B vitamins, VD, CoQ10) daily. Therefore, we would recommend daily supplementation of vitamins (folic acid, B vitamins, VD, CoQ10), especially group B vitamins, as a potential preventive measure to slow cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in the elderly. However, for the elderly who have already suffered from cognitive impairment, VD supplementation may also be beneficial for their brains.
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26
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Zhang Q, Li Q, Zhao H, Shu M, Luo M, Li Y, Ding Y, Shi S, Cheng X, Niu Q. Neurodegenerative disease and antioxidant biomarkers: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1158366. [PMID: 37034095 PMCID: PMC10076659 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1158366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous observational studies have suggested that antioxidant imbalance is correlated with neurodegenerative diseases, while its cause-effect remains unclear. Thus, the goal of the present study is to explore the causal relationship between 11 antioxidant biomarkers and 3 most common neurodegenerative diseases [Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD)]. Methods A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to investigate the causal effects by using 3 main methods (Variance Weighted (IVW), Weighted Median (WM), and MR-Egger regression) in the European population. The data of 11 antioxidant biomarkers were obtained from the open database by the most up-to-date Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), the summary statistics of PD and ALS were obtained from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC) (33,674 cases, and 449,056 controls), and the International Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Genomics Consortium (IALSC) (20,806 cases and 59,804 controls), respectively. For AD, we specifically used two recently published GWAS data, one from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) (21,982 cases and 41,944 controls), and the other from a large meta-analysis (71,880 cases and 383,378 controls) as validation data. Results Based on the Bonferroni correction p < 0.0015, there was no significant causal evidence for the antioxidant biomarkers on neurodegenerative diseases, however, the reverse analysis found that AD was significantly related to the decrease in retinol (IVW: beta = -0.023, p = 0.0007; WM: beta = -0.025, p = 0.0121), while the same analysis was carried out between the AD validation database and retinol, the results were consistent (IVW: beta = -0.064, p = 0.025). Moreover, AD on Glutathione S-transferase (GST), PD on Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) as well as PD on uric acid (UA) also indicated potential causal-and-effect associations (IVW: p = 0.025; p = 0.027; p = 0.021, respectively). Conclusions There was no sufficient evidence that antioxidant imbalance has a significant causal effect on neurodegenerative diseases. However, this study revealed that genetically predicted AD was significantly related to the decrease in retinol, which provides a new insight into previous research and indicates the possibility to regard retinol as potential biomarker for the diagnosis and progress of AD.
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27
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Cheng Z, Peng Y, Wen J, Chen W, Pan W, Xu X, Lu X, Cai Q, Ge F, Fan Y, Wang J, Guan X. Sex-specific metabolic signatures in methamphetamine addicts. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13255. [PMID: 36577725 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a commonly abused addictive psychostimulant, and METH-induced neurotoxic and behavioural deficits are in a sex-specific manner. However, there is lack of biomarkers to evaluate METH addiction in clinical practice, especially for gender differences. We utilized ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) to detect the serum metabolomics in METH addicts and controls, specially exploring the sex-specific metabolic alterations by METH abuse. We found that many differently expressed metabolites in METH addicts related to metabolisms of amino acid, energy, vitamin and neurological disorders. Further, METH abuse caused different patterns of metabolomics in a sex-specific manner. As to amino acid metabolism, L-phenylalanine, L-tryptophan and L-histidine in serum of male addicts and betaine in serum of female addicts were significantly changed by METH use. In addition, it seemed that purine and pyrimidine-related metabolites (e.g., xanthosine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate) in male and the metabolites of hormone (e.g., cortisol) and folate biosynthesis (e.g., 7,8-dihydrobiopterin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in female were more sensitive to METH addiction. Our findings revealed that L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, alpha-ketoglutarate acid and citric acid may be potential biomarkers for monitoring METH addiction in clinic. Considering sex-specific toxicity by METH, the metabolites of purine and pyrimidine metabolism in male and those of stress-related hormones in female may be used to facilitate the accurate diagnosis and treatment for METH addicts of different genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Peng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weichao Pan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinglong Cai
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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28
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Maternal Diet Quality and the Health Status of Newborns. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233893. [PMID: 36496701 PMCID: PMC9739031 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The maternal diet during pregnancy affects neonatal health status. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional quality of the maternal diet, and its contamination by persistent organic pollutants (POPs), in pregnant women living in two areas of the Czech Republic with different levels of air pollution, and subsequently to assess the relationship of these two factors with birth weight and neonatal oxidative stress. To determine the level of oxidative stress, 8-isoprostane concentrations in umbilical cord plasma were measured. The overall nutritional quality of the maternal diet was not optimal. Of the nutritional factors, protein intake proved to be the most significant showing a positive relationship with birth weight, and a negative relationship with the oxidative stress of newborns. Dietary contamination by persistent organic pollutants was low and showed no statistically significant relationship with birth weight. Only one of the 67 analyzed POPs, namely the insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), showed a statistically significant positive relationship with the level of neonatal oxidative stress.
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29
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Uzelac M, Li Y, Chakladar J, Li WT, Ongkeko WM. Archaea Microbiome Dysregulated Genes and Pathways as Molecular Targets for Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911566. [PMID: 36232866 PMCID: PMC9570029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome is a vast collection of microbial species that exist throughout the human body and regulate various bodily functions and phenomena. Of the microbial species that exist in the human microbiome, those within the archaea domain have not been characterized to the extent of those in more common domains, despite their potential for unique metabolic interaction with host cells. Research has correlated tumoral presence of bacterial microbial species to the development and progression of lung cancer; however, the impacts and influences of archaea in the microbiome remain heavily unexplored. Within the United States lung cancer remains highly fatal, responsible for over 100,000 deaths every year with a 5-year survival rate of roughly 22.9%. This project attempts to investigate specific archaeal species' correlation to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) incidence, patient staging, death rates across individuals of varying ages, races, genders, and smoking-statuses, and potential molecular targets associated with archaea microbiome. Archaeal species abundance was assessed across lung tissue samples of 527 LUAD patients, 479 LUSC patients, and 99 healthy individuals. Nine archaeal species were found to be of significantly altered abundance in cancerous samples as compared to normal counterparts, 6 of which are common to both LUAD and LUSC subgroups. Several of these species are of the taxonomic class Thermoprotei or the phylum Euryarchaeota, both known to contain metabolic processes distinct from most bacterial species. Host-microbe metabolic interactions may be responsible for the observed correlation of these species' abundance with cancer incidence. Significant microbes were correlated to patient gene expression to reveal genes of altered abundance with respect to high and low archaeal presence. With these genes, cellular oncogenic signaling pathways were analyzed for enrichment across cancer and normal samples. In comparing gene expression between LUAD and adjacent normal samples, 2 gene sets were found to be significantly enriched in cancers. In LUSC comparison, 6 sets were significantly enriched in cancer, and 34 were enriched in normals. Microbial counts across healthy and cancerous patients were then used to develop a machine-learning based predictive algorithm, capable of distinguishing lung cancer patients from healthy normal with 99% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Uzelac
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Jaideep Chakladar
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Wei Tse Li
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Weg M. Ongkeko
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(858)-552-8585 (ext. 7165)
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Ouma PA, Mwaeni VK, Amwayi PW, Isaac AO, Nyariki JN. Calcium carbide-induced derangement of hematopoiesis and organ toxicity ameliorated by cyanocobalamin in a mouse model. Lab Anim Res 2022; 38:26. [PMID: 35962424 PMCID: PMC9373447 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-022-00136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium carbide (CaC2) is a chemical primarily used in the production of acetylene gas. The misuse of CaC2 to induce fruit ripening is a global challenge with a potential adverse effects to human health. Additionally, CaC2 is known to contain some reasonable amount of arsenic and phosphorous compounds that are toxic and pose a danger to human health when ingested. The current study sought to characterize CaC2 toxicity and elucidate any protective effects by cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), a well-established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bio-molecule. Female Swiss white mice were randomly assigned into three groups; the first group was the control, while the second group was administered with CaC2. The third group received CaC2 followed by administration of vitamin B12. The mice were sacrificed at 60 days post treatment, hematological, biochemical, glutathione assay, cytokine ELISA and standard histopathology was performed. Results CaC2 administration did not significantly alter the mice body weight. CaC2 administration resulted in a significant decrease in packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs) and RBC indices; indicative of CaC2-driven normochromic microcytic anaemia. Further analysis showed CaC2-driven leukopenia. Evidently, vitamin B12 blocked CaC2-driven suppression of PCV, Hb, RBCs and WBCs. Monocytes and neutrophils were significantly up-regulated by CaC2. CaC2-induced elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin signaled significant liver damage. Notably, vitamin B12 stabilized AST, ALT and bilirubin in the presence of CaC2, an indication of a protective effect. Histopathological analysis depicted that vitamin B12 ameliorated CaC2-driven liver and kidney injury. CaC2 resulted in the depletion of glutathione (GSH) levels in the liver; while in the brain, kidney and lungs, the GSH levels were elevated. CaC2 administration resulted in elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ. Vitamin B12 assuaged the CaC2-induced elevation of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions These findings demonstrate for the first time that oral supplementation with vitamin B12 can protect mice against CaC2-mediated toxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress. The findings provide vital tools for forensic and diagnostic indicators for harmful CaC2 exposure; while providing useful insights into how vitamin B12 can be explored further as an adjunct therapy for CaC2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pherah A Ouma
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Victoria K Mwaeni
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peris W Amwayi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Alfred Orina Isaac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, School of Health Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - James Nyabuga Nyariki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Schirmbeck GH, Sizonenko S, Sanches EF. Neuroprotective Role of Lactoferrin during Early Brain Development and Injury through Lifespan. Nutrients 2022; 14:2923. [PMID: 35889882 PMCID: PMC9322498 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Early adverse fetal environments can significantly disturb central nervous system (CNS) development and subsequently alter brain maturation. Nutritional status is a major variable to be considered during development and increasing evidence links neonate and preterm infant impaired brain growth with neurological and psychiatric diseases in adulthood. Breastfeeding is one of the main components required for healthy newborn development due to the many "constitutive" elements breastmilk contains. Maternal intake of specific nutrients during lactation may alter milk composition, thus affecting newborn nutrition and, potentially, brain development. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a major protein present in colostrum and the main protein in human milk, which plays an important role in the benefits of breastfeeding during postnatal development. It has been demonstrated that Lf has antimicrobial, as well as anti-inflammatory properties, and is potentially able to reduce the incidence of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which are particularly frequent in premature births. The anti-inflammatory effects of Lf can reduce birth-related pathologies by decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory factors and inhibiting premature cervix maturation (also related to commensal microbiome abnormalities) that could contribute to disrupting brain development. Pre-clinical evidence shows that Lf protects the developing brain from neuronal injury, enhances brain connectivity and neurotrophin production, and decreases inflammation in models of perinatal inflammatory challenge, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). In this context, Lf can provide nutritional support for brain development and cognition and prevent the origin of neuropsychiatric diseases later in life. In this narrative review, we consider the role of certain nutrients during neurodevelopment linking to the latest research on lactoferrin with respect to neonatology. We also discuss new evidence indicating that early neuroprotective pathways modulated by Lf could prevent neurodegeneration through anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Henrique Schirmbeck
- Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil;
| | - Stéphane Sizonenko
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Eduardo Farias Sanches
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
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32
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Liu Y, Wang J, Dou T, Zhou L, Guan X, Liu G, Li X, Han M, Chen X. The liver metabolic features of Mogroside V compared to Siraitia grosvenorii fruit extract in allergic pneumonia mice. Mol Immunol 2022; 145:80-87. [PMID: 35305534 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For a long time, Siraitia grosvenorii fruit extract (SGFE) and its dominant compounds, mogroside V(MV) were both reported to have therapeutic effects on allergic pneumonia, while previous studies only stay on phenotype and mechanism of the two active ingredients, hardly have any studies compared the two ingredients on the effect of liver metabolic, and revealed the relationship between mechanism and liver metabolism. OBJECTIVE Here we elucidated and compared the curative mechanisms of SGFE and MV on allergic pneumonia through liver metabolomics. METHODS We established allergic pneumonia mice using ovalbumin, then treated the mice with SGFE, MV and positive drug of Suhuang Zhike Jiaonang. The effects of the drugs were evaluated by detecting inflammatory cytokines, pathological examination and liver oxidative stress biomarkers. We explored the metabolic features between SGFE and MV through liver metabolomics consequently. RESULTS At phenotype, we confirmed that MV and SGFE both inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines including interleukins-5 (IL-5), IL-13, IL-17 and OVA-induced immunoglobulin E, which can also relieve inflammatory cells infiltration and mesenchymal thickening in lung tissue compared with positive drug. In addition, both of them can alleviate oxidative stress damage in liver, while MV showed a superior effect than SGFE. In metabolomic analysis, the two ingredients were found to ameliorate inflammatory and oxidative reaction mainly in controlling pathways of Riboflavin metabolism and Glutathione metabolism. While SGFE were found to control other metabolic pathways such as Phenylalanine metabolism, Sphingolipid metabolism, Glycerollipid metabolism, Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism and Arginine and proline metabolism. CONCLUSION From the results we can infer that the minor ingredients except MV in SGFE contribute poor function to the treatment of allergic pneumonia and MV may be the main functional constituent that relieve allergic pneumonia in SGFE. This study will be beneficial to figuring out a systematic theory of Siraitia grosvenorii active ingredients and proposing a guidance for pharmacology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisa Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, PR China; Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, PR China
| | - Tong Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Luwei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Mengjie Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China.
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Lončar-Brzak B, Škrinjar I, Brailo V, Vidović-Juras D, Šumilin L, Andabak-Rogulj A. Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS)—Treatment with Verbal and Written Information, B Vitamins, Probiotics, and Low-Level Laser Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10030044. [PMID: 35323246 PMCID: PMC8946916 DOI: 10.3390/dj10030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to determine the most effective treatment option for burning mouth syndrome. Methods: Informative treatment alone, B vitamin injections, oral cavity probiotics, and low-level laser therapy were evaluated and compared. The study included new patients diagnosed with burning mouth syndrome, who were randomly allocated into one of four treatment groups. The primary outcome was improvement in patient’s quality of life as determined by a self-perceived Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) quality of life questionnaire before and after therapy. The secondary outcome was determination of mucosal symptom intensity according to visual analog scale (VAS) grading from 0 to 10. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results: A total of 62 patients completed the study. Oral cavity probiotics and LLLT scores for OHIP-14 resulted in a statistically significant difference before and after therapy. Standardized effect sizes between OHIP scores before and after treatment were the greatest for patients who had received oral cavity probiotics. Conclusions: Oral cavity probiotics and LLLT were the most effective treatment for improvement in quality of life. Further investigation on a larger group of patients is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Božana Lončar-Brzak
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.L.-B.); (I.Š.); (V.B.); (D.V.-J.)
| | - Ivana Škrinjar
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.L.-B.); (I.Š.); (V.B.); (D.V.-J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlaho Brailo
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.L.-B.); (I.Š.); (V.B.); (D.V.-J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danica Vidović-Juras
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.L.-B.); (I.Š.); (V.B.); (D.V.-J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ana Andabak-Rogulj
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (B.L.-B.); (I.Š.); (V.B.); (D.V.-J.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-14802215
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Strath LJ, Sorge RE. Racial Differences in Pain, Nutrition, and Oxidative Stress. Pain Ther 2022; 11:37-56. [PMID: 35106711 PMCID: PMC8861224 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-022-00359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the disproportionate rates of chronic pain and their related comorbidities between Black and non-Hispanic White (White) individuals is a growing area of interest, both in the healthcare community and in general society. Researchers have identified racial differences in chronic pain prevalence and severity, but still very little is known about the mechanisms underlying them. Current explanations for these differences have primarily focused on socioeconomic status and unequal healthcare between races as causal factors. Whereas these factors are informative, a racial gap still exists between Black and White individuals when these factors are controlled for. One potential cause of this racial gap in chronic pain is the differences in nutrition and dietary intake between groups. Certain foods play a key role in the inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways in the human body and could potentially influence the severity of the pain experience. Here, we review the previous literature on the surrounding topics and propose a potential mechanism to explain racial differences in the chronic pain population, based on established racial differences in diet and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa J Strath
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Robert E Sorge
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Fuchs HE, O’Connell K, Du M, Navarro SL, Brasky TM, Kantor ED. Vitamin B 12 Supplementation and Vitamin B 12 Blood Serum Levels: Evaluation of Effect Modification by Gender and Smoking Status. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:2373-2383. [PMID: 34817305 PMCID: PMC9761981 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2007271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that high intake of supplemental vitamin B12 may be associated with increased risk of cancer, with some evidence that this association may vary by gender and smoking status. This investigation evaluates if similar patterns in association are observed for data for 11,757 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2006). Survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted linear regression was used to evaluate the association between regular B12 supplement use and log-transformed serum B12 levels. Persons taking vitamin B12 through a multivitamin/multimineral (MVMM) had a median supplemental intake of 12 mcg/day (Q1: 6, Q3: 25), compared to 100 mcg/day (Q1: 22, Q3: 500) for persons reporting supplemental B12 intake through a MVMM-exclusive source. MVMM users had a geometric mean serum B12 26% (95% CI: 23%-30%) higher than nonusers, whereas MVMM-exclusive users' geometric mean was 61% (95% CI: 53%-70%) higher than nonusers (p-trend < 0.001). Although a positive trend (p-trend < 0.001) was observed for both men and women, the association was stronger among women (p-interaction < 0.001). No interaction was observed for smoking status (p-interaction = 0.45). B12 supplementation is associated with higher levels of serum B12, with significant interaction by gender but not smoking. Further work is needed to better understand the interplay of B12 and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Fuchs
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kelli O’Connell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mengmeng Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandi L. Navarro
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theodore M. Brasky
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth D. Kantor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA,Elizabeth D. Kantor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 485 Lexington Avenue, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10017, Phone: 646.888.8247,
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Liu Y, Wang J, Guan X, Yu D, Huangfu M, Dou T, Zhou L, Wang L, Liu G, Li X, Zhai Z, Han M, Liu H, Chen X. Mogroside V reduce OVA-induced pulmonary inflammation based on lung and serum metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153682. [PMID: 34483017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mogroside V, the main ingredient of Siraitia grosvenorii, has been proved to have therapeutic effects on pulmonary diseases. The specific mechanism still remains to be clarified, which hinders the potence of its medicinal value. PURPOSE Serum and lung metabolomics based on LC-MS analysis were applied to explore the mechanism of mogroside V against lung inflammation. METHOD In this study, balb/c mice were divided into control, model, mogeoside V and SH groups. We evaluated the protective effects of mogroside V on lung inflammation in asthmatic mice. Suhuang Zhike Jiaonang was used as positive drug. Metabolic profiles of serum and lung samples of mice in control, model and mogroside V groups were analyzed by LC-MS. RESULTS Administration of mogroside V effectively relieved the expression of biochemical cytokines and lung inflammatory infiltration of asthmatic mice caused by ovalbumin (OVA). And visceral index of mice treated with mogroside V was close to control group. These results indicated that mogroside V ameliorated OVA-induced lung inflammation. LC-MS based metabolomics analysis demonstrated 6 main pathways in asthmatic mice including Vitamin B6 metabolism, Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, Histidine metabolism, Pentose and glucuronate interconversions, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) were regulated after using mogroside V. CONCLUSION The study firstly elucidates the metabolic pathways regulated by mogroside V on lung inflammation through metabolomics, providing a theoretical basis for more sufficient utilization and compatibility of mogroside V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisa Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Guilin Medical University, 541001 PR China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road No. 109, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Mengjie Huangfu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Tong Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Luwei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China; Science and Technology Department, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Zhaokun Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Mengjie Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Haiping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China.
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Gana W, De Luca A, Debacq C, Poitau F, Poupin P, Aidoud A, Fougère B. Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People. Nutrients 2021; 13:3163. [PMID: 34579039 PMCID: PMC8469089 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin deficiencies have a serious impact on healthy aging in older people. Many age-related disorders have a direct or indirect impact on nutrition, both in terms of nutrient assimilation and food access, which may result in vitamin deficiencies and may lead to or worsen disabilities. Frailty is characterized by reduced functional abilities, with a key role of malnutrition in its pathogenesis. Aging is associated with various changes in body composition that lead to sarcopenia. Frailty, aging, and sarcopenia all favor malnutrition, and poor nutritional status is a major cause of geriatric morbidity and mortality. In the present narrative review, we focused on vitamins with a significant risk of deficiency in high-income countries: D, C, and B (B6/B9/B12). We also focused on vitamin E as the main lipophilic antioxidant, synergistic to vitamin C. We first discuss the role and needs of these vitamins, the prevalence of deficiencies, and their causes and consequences. We then look at how these vitamins are involved in the biological pathways associated with sarcopenia and frailty. Lastly, we discuss the critical early diagnosis and management of these deficiencies and summarize potential ways of screening malnutrition. A focused nutritional approach might improve the diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies and the initiation of appropriate clinical interventions for reducing the risk of frailty. Further comprehensive research programs on nutritional interventions are needed, with a view to lowering deficiencies in older people and thus decreasing the risk of frailty and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Gana
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Arnaud De Luca
- Nutrition Mobile Unit, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France;
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Camille Debacq
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Fanny Poitau
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
| | - Pierre Poupin
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Amal Aidoud
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
- Geriatrics Mobile Units, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (C.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Bertrand Fougère
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Regional University Hospital Centre, 37000 Tours, France; (F.P.); (A.A.); (B.F.)
- Education, Ethics, Health (EA 7505), Tours University, 37000 Tours, France
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Delivery of Metabolically Neuroactive Probiotics to the Human Gut. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179122. [PMID: 34502031 PMCID: PMC8431588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome is a rich factory for metabolite production and emerging data has led to the concept that orally administered microbial strains can synthesize metabolites with neuroactive potential. Recent research from ex vivo and murine models suggests translational potential for microbes to regulate anxiety and depression through the gut-brain axis. However, so far, less emphasis has been placed on the selection of specific microbial strains known to produce the required key metabolites and the formulation in which microbial compositions are delivered to the gut. Here, we describe a double-capsule technology to deliver high numbers of metabolically active cells derived from the 24-strain probiotic product SH-DS01 to the gastrointestinal tract, including the small intestine, where immune responses and adsorption of metabolites into the bloodstream occur. Based on its genome sequence, Limosilactobacillus reuteri SD-LRE2-IT was predicted to have the genetic capacity to de novo produce a specific metabolite of interest to brain health, vitamin B12, which could be confirmed in vitro. Taken together, our data conceptualizes the importance of rationally defined microbial strain characterization based on genomics and metabolomics data, combined with carefully designed capsule technology for delivery of live cells and concomitant functionality in and beyond the gut ecosystem.
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Rahman MM, Ahmed M, Islam MT, Khan MR, Sultana S, Maeesa SK, Hasan S, Hossain MA, Ferdous KS, Mathew B, Rauf A, Uddin MS. Nanotechnology-Based Approaches and Investigational Therapeutics against COVID-19. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:948-968. [PMID: 34218774 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210701150315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus which is currently responsible for the global pandemic since December 2019. This class of coronavirus has affected 217 countries around the world. Most of the countries have taken some non-remedial preventive actions like country lockdown, work from home, travel bans, and the most significant one is social isolation. Pharmacists, doctors, nurses, technologists, and all other healthcare professionals are playing a pivotal role during this pandemic. Unluckily, there is no specific drug that can treat patients who are confirmed with COVID-19, though favipiravir and remdesivir have appeared as favorable antiviral drugs. Some vaccines have already developed, and vaccination has started worldwide. Different nanotechnologies are in the developing stage in many countries for preventing SARS-COV-2 and treating COVID-19 conditions. In this article, we review the COVID-19 pandemic situation as well as the nanotechnology-based approaches and investigational therapeutics against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Md Robin Khan
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Sharifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Saila Kabir Maeesa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Sakib Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Md Abid Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Sayma Ferdous
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka. Bangladesh
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Afzali A, Goli S, Moravveji A, Bagheri H, Mirhosseini S, Ebrahimi H. The effect of zinc supplementation on fatigue among elderly community dwellers: A parallel clinical trial. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e301. [PMID: 34027128 PMCID: PMC8133867 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Fatigue is one of the most common complaints of the elderly. This study was conducted to assess the effect of zinc supplements on fatigue among the elderly. METHODS This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 150 elderly aged ≥60 years who were recruited from the health centers (Kashan, Iran) with a convenience sampling method. Participants were allocated to intervention and control groups by block randomization. Participants in the intervention group received a daily dose of 30 mg of zinc supplement for 70 days; meanwhile, in the control group, no intervention was performed. The level of fatigue was measured by the multidimensional fatigue inventory before and after the intervention. Both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables, fatigue, and serum zinc level before the intervention. The significance level was considered as 0.05 in all tests. RESULTS Zinc supplementation significantly reduced fatigue (mean difference: -10.41 vs 1.37, P < .001) and increased serum zinc level (mean difference: 14.22, vs -0.57, P < .001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Consumption of zinc supplements for the elderly is recommended to overcome fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Afzali
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing & MidwiferyShahroud University of Medical SciencesShahroudIran
| | - Shahrbanoo Goli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthShahroud University of Medical SciencesShahroudIran
| | - Alireza Moravveji
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research CenterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
| | - Hossein Bagheri
- School of Nursing & MidwiferyShahroud University of Medical SciencesShahroudIran
| | - Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and MidwiferyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Hossein Ebrahimi
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences ResearchShahroud University of Medical SciencesShahroudIran
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Melzer TM, Manosso LM, Yau SY, Gil-Mohapel J, Brocardo PS. In Pursuit of Healthy Aging: Effects of Nutrition on Brain Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5026. [PMID: 34068525 PMCID: PMC8126018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Consuming a balanced, nutritious diet is important for maintaining health, especially as individuals age. Several studies suggest that consuming a diet rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory components such as those found in fruits, nuts, vegetables, and fish may reduce age-related cognitive decline and the risk of developing various neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous studies have been published over the last decade focusing on nutrition and how this impacts health. The main objective of the current article is to review the data linking the role of diet and nutrition with aging and age-related cognitive decline. Specifically, we discuss the roles of micronutrients and macronutrients and provide an overview of how the gut microbiota-gut-brain axis and nutrition impact brain function in general and cognitive processes in particular during aging. We propose that dietary interventions designed to optimize the levels of macro and micronutrients and maximize the functioning of the microbiota-gut-brain axis can be of therapeutic value for improving cognitive functioning, particularly during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayza Martins Melzer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil;
| | - Luana Meller Manosso
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil;
| | - Suk-yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
- Island Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Patricia S. Brocardo
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil;
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Preliminary analysis of immunoregulatory mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced brain injury in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:483. [PMID: 33790992 PMCID: PMC8005698 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) can be used as an independent risk factor for predicting cardiovascular disease, stroke and vitamin B12 deficiency. Patients with HHcy have elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations. Enhancing cerebrovascular permeability of substances such as Hcy and brain damage will synergistically increase the symptoms of hypertension, but the specific immune regulation mechanism is still not clear. The purpose of the present study was to preliminarily explore the immunomodulatory mechanism of brain damage caused by HHcy in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. A total of 60 WKYs were randomly divided into three groups: WKY control group (WKY-C group), WKY methionine group (WKY-M group) and WKY treatment group (WKY-T group; vitamin B6, B12 and folic acid were used as treatment), with 20 rats in each group. Physical examination of body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and plasma Hcy content was performed routinely. The concentration of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and TGF-β, associated with T helper cell 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and key regulator genes, including retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γ t (RORγt) and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3), were detected by ELISA, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Th17/Treg lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry. MRI scan was preliminarily used to detect the changes characteristic of the ischemic stroke. The results revealed that high methionine diets might have a significant effect on the body weight and SBP. The inflammatory response effect of Treg cells was significantly inhibited in the WKY-M group, and that of Th17 cells was upregulated when compared to the WKY-T group. Compared with the WKY-T group, the expression levels of IL-17A and RORγt in the WKY-M group were significantly upregulated, while the mRNA levels of FoxP3 in the WKY-M group were significantly downregulated. The diet intervention (including vitamins B6 and B12 and folic acid) could reduce the level of Hcy in the blood, but also reduce the inflammatory response and rectify the Treg/Th17 immune imbalance to ameliorate the brain tissue damage. In conclusion, the present study indicated that HHcy can promote inflammation by triggering Treg/Th17 immune imbalance to ameliorate the brain tissue damage.
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Gong L, Wang B, Zhou Y, Tang L, Zeng Z, Zhang H, Li W. Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 16 and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 Against Clostridium perfringens Infection in Broilers. Front Immunol 2021; 11:628374. [PMID: 33679724 PMCID: PMC7930238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.628374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 16 (Lac16) and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 (BSC10) against Clostridium perfringens (Cp) infection in broilers. A total of 720 one-day-old chicks were randomly divided into four groups. The control and Cp group were only fed a basal diet, while the two treatment groups received basal diets supplemented with Lac16 (1 × 108 cfu·kg-1) and BSC10 (1 × 108 cfu·kg-1) for 21 days, respectively. On day 1 and days 14 to 20, birds except those in the control group were challenged with 1 × 108 cfu C. perfringens type A strain once a day. The results showed that both Lac16 and BSC10 could ameliorate intestinal structure damage caused by C. perfringens infection. C. perfringens infection induced apoptosis by increasing the expression of Bax and p53 and decreasing Bcl-2 expression and inflammation evidence by higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, and IL-10 in the ileum mucosa, and NO production in jejunal mucosa, which was reversed by Lac16 and BSC10 treatment except for IL-1β (P < 0.05). Besides, the two probiotics restored the intestinal microbiota imbalance induced by C. perfringens infection, characterized by the reduced Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and the increased Bacteroidetes at the phyla level and decreased Bacteroides fragilis and Gallibacterium anatis at the genus level. The two probiotics also reversed metabolic pathways of the microbiota in C. perfringens-infected broilers, including B-vitamin biosynthesis, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate II pathway. In conclusion, Lac16 and BSC10 can effectively protect broilers against C. perfringens infection through improved composition and metabolic pathways of the intestinal microbiota, intestinal structure, inflammation, and anti-apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Bordeleau M, Fernández de Cossío L, Chakravarty MM, Tremblay MÈ. From Maternal Diet to Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Story of Neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:612705. [PMID: 33536875 PMCID: PMC7849357 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.612705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing the appropriate quantity and quality of food needed for both the mother's well-being and the healthy development of the offspring is crucial during pregnancy. However, the macro- and micronutrient intake also impacts the body's regulatory supersystems of the mother, such as the immune, endocrine, and nervous systems, which ultimately influence the overall development of the offspring. Of particular importance is the association between unhealthy maternal diet and neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring. Epidemiological studies have linked neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia, to maternal immune activation (MIA) during gestation. While the deleterious consequences of diet-induced MIA on offspring neurodevelopment are increasingly revealed, neuroinflammation is emerging as a key underlying mechanism. In this review, we compile the evidence available on how the mother and offspring are both impacted by maternal dietary imbalance. We specifically explore the various inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of dietary components and discuss how changes in inflammatory status can prime the offspring brain development toward neurodevelopmental disorders. Lastly, we discuss research evidence on the mechanisms that sustain the relationship between maternal dietary imbalance and offspring brain development, involving altered neuroinflammatory status in the offspring, as well as genetic to cellular programming notably of microglia, and the evidence that the gut microbiome may act as a key mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Bordeleau
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - M. Mallar Chakravarty
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Hossain MF, Hasana S, Mamun AA, Uddin MS, Wahed MII, Sarker S, Behl T, Ullah I, Begum Y, Bulbul IJ, Amran MS, Rahman MH, Bin-Jumah MN, Alkahtani S, Mousa SA, Aleya L, Abdel-Daim MM. COVID-19 Outbreak: Pathogenesis, Current Therapies, and Potentials for Future Management. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:563478. [PMID: 33178016 PMCID: PMC7596415 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.563478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus (CoV) was found at the seafood market of Hubei province in Wuhan, China, and this virus was officially named coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) by World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is mainly characterized by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) and creates public health concerns as well as significant threats to the economy around the world. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is unclear and there is no effective treatment of this newly life-threatening and devastating virus. Therefore, it is crucial to search for alternative methods that alleviate or inhibit the spread of COVID-19. In this review, we try to find out the etiology, epidemiology, symptoms as well as transmissions of this novel virus. We also summarize therapeutic interventions and suggest antiviral treatments, immune-enhancing candidates, general supplements, and CoV specific treatments that control replication and reproduction of SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Farhad Hossain
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharifa Hasana
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sahab Uddin
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mir Imam Ibne Wahed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Sabarni Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Yesmin Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Shah Amran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - May N. Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A. Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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The Use of Vitamins, Supplements, Herbs, and Essential Oils in Rehabilitation. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2020; 31:685-697. [PMID: 32981586 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The term, dietary supplement, refers to a broad category of products, including herbal or plant-based extracts, micronutrients, and food-based nutraceuticals. The use of supplements in clinical rehabilitation requires clear communication from patients and health care providers to understand the types of products used and their effects on health. Providers should distinguish between using micronutrient supplementation for therapeutic purposes and treatment of nutritional deficiency in patients with malnutrition syndromes. Evidence supports micronutrient and nutraceutical supplementation use to improve pain, functional status, and inflammation. There is little evidence on the use of herbal or plant-based extracts in therapeutic rehabilitation; larger studies are warranted.
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Iddir M, Brito A, Dingeo G, Fernandez Del Campo SS, Samouda H, La Frano MR, Bohn T. Strengthening the Immune System and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Diet and Nutrition: Considerations during the COVID-19 Crisis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1562. [PMID: 32471251 PMCID: PMC7352291 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Challenges arise concerning how to optimally support the immune system in the general population, especially under self-confinement. An optimal immune response depends on an adequate diet and nutrition in order to keep infection at bay. For example, sufficient protein intake is crucial for optimal antibody production. Low micronutrient status, such as of vitamin A or zinc, has been associated with increased infection risk. Frequently, poor nutrient status is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, which in turn can impact the immune system. Dietary constituents with especially high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity include vitamin C, vitamin E, and phytochemicals such as carotenoids and polyphenols. Several of these can interact with transcription factors such as NF-kB and Nrf-2, related to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, respectively. Vitamin D in particular may perturb viral cellular infection via interacting with cell entry receptors (angiotensin converting enzyme 2), ACE2. Dietary fiber, fermented by the gut microbiota into short-chain fatty acids, has also been shown to produce anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, we highlight the importance of an optimal status of relevant nutrients to effectively reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby strengthening the immune system during the COVID-19 crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Iddir
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Alex Brito
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology. I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University, Trubetskay Str. 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Giulia Dingeo
- Independent Researcher, Val de Marne, 94999 Paris, France;
| | - Sofia Sosa Fernandez Del Campo
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Michael R. La Frano
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
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Lister T. Nutrition and Lifestyle Interventions for Managing Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review. J Mov Disord 2020; 13:97-104. [PMID: 32498495 PMCID: PMC7280935 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.20006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is not fully understood, but environmental toxin overexposure, increased intestinal permeability, and dysbiosis related to nutrition and lifestyle habits are thought to be contributors. Considering these nutrition and lifestyle implications, there is a lack of practice-based programs utilizing interventions for managing symptoms or slowing the progression of the disease. The purpose of this narrative review was to identify relevant research related to nutrition and lifestyle interventions for PD, evaluate the research utilizing the evidence analysis process of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics to assess the quality of each research article, and group the research into categories. A grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) of either good, fair, limited, or not assignable was allocated to each category of research, including diet patterns, vitamin D, B-complex, omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, probiotics, physical activity, stress, and sleep. An intervention based on the research presented in the review may be utilized for coaching people with PD on symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Lister
- Maryland University of Integrative Health, Laurel, MD, USA
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Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation Mediates Offspring Health via DNA Methylation. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:963-976. [PMID: 32124397 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The clinical significance of periconceptional folic acid supplementation (FAS) in the prevention of neonatal neural tube defects (NTDs) has been recognized for decades. Epidemiological data and experimental findings have consistently been indicating an association between folate deficiency in the first trimester of pregnancy and poor fetal development as well as offspring health (i.e., NTDs, isolated orofacial clefts, neurodevelopmental disorders). Moreover, compelling evidence has suggested adverse effects of folate overload during perinatal period on offspring health (i.e., immune diseases, autism, lipid disorders). In addition to several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to folate one-carbon metabolism (FOCM), folate concentrations in maternal serum/plasma/red blood cells must be considered when counseling FAS. Epigenetic information encoded by 5-methylcytosines (5mC) plays a critical role in fetal development and offspring health. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a methyl donor for 5mC, could be derived from FOCM. As such, folic acid plays a double-edged sword role in offspring health via mediating DNA methylation. However, the underlying epigenetic mechanism is still largely unclear. In this review, we summarized the link across DNA methylation, maternal FAS, and offspring health to provide more evidence for clinical guidance in terms of precise FAS dosage and time point. Future studies are, therefore, required to set up the reference intervals of folate concentrations at different trimesters of pregnancy for different populations and to clarify the epigenetic mechanism for specific offspring diseases.
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Moretti R, Peinkhofer C. B Vitamins and Fatty Acids: What Do They Share with Small Vessel Disease-Related Dementia? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5797. [PMID: 31752183 PMCID: PMC6888477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been written on vitamin supplementation, fatty acid, and dementia, but results are still under debate, and no definite conclusion has yet been drawn. Nevertheless, a significant amount of lab evidence confirms that vitamins of the B group are tightly related to gene control for endothelium protection, act as antioxidants, play a co-enzymatic role in the most critical biochemical reactions inside the brain, and cooperate with many other elements, such as choline, for the synthesis of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine, through S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) methyl donation. B-vitamins have anti-inflammatory properties and act in protective roles against neurodegenerative mechanisms, for example, through modulation of the glutamate currents and a reduction of the calcium currents. In addition, they also have extraordinary antioxidant properties. However, laboratory data are far from clinical practice. Many studies have tried to apply these results in everyday clinical activity, but results have been discouraging and far from a possible resolution of the associated mysteries, like those represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD) or small vessel disease dementia. Above all, two significant problems emerge from the research: No consensus exists on general diagnostic criteria-MCI or AD? Which diagnostic criteria should be applied for small vessel disease-related dementia? In addition, no general schema exists for determining a possible correct time of implementation to have effective results. Here we present an up-to-date review of the literature on such topics, shedding some light on the possible interaction of vitamins and phosphatidylcholine, and their role in brain metabolism and catabolism. Further studies should take into account all of these questions, with well-designed and world-homogeneous trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Moretti
- Neurology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
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