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Kawahara T, Doi SK, Isumi A, Matsuyama Y, Tani Y, Fujiwara T. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children overweight in Japan in 2020. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13128. [PMID: 38812373 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the association between the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and overweight incidence among preadolescent elementary school children in Japan. METHODS A population-based longitudinal study was conducted in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan, using data from the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study. The control group (2016-2018) comprised 434 children, and the COVID-19 exposure group (2018-2020) included 3500 children. Overweight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) z-score of 1 SD or more according to the World Health Organization standards. The study design involved comparing BMI z-scores before and after exposure to the pandemic, considering the associated lifestyle changes and potential consequences on physical activity, parental employment status and income. RESULTS By 6th grade, the prevalence of overweight increased from 17.7% to 19.2% in the control group and 22.5% to 29.5% in the COVID-19 exposure group. Difference-in-differences analysis revealed that children's exposure to COVID-19 significantly increased BMI z-scores (coefficient 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-0.29) and a higher odds ratio of overweight (odds ratio 2.51, 95% CI 1.12-5.62), even after adjusting for time-varying covariates. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with an increased prevalence of overweight among elementary school children in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kawahara
- Department of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Kato Doi
- Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Isumi
- Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Public Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kelly NR, Guidinger C, Swan DM, Thivel D, Folger A, Luther GM, Hahn ME. A brief bout of moderate intensity physical activity improves preadolescent children's behavioral inhibition but does not change their energy intake. J Behav Med 2024; 47:692-706. [PMID: 38671287 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Children in rural communities consume more energy-dense foods relative to their urban peers. Identifying effective interventions for improving energy intake patterns are needed to address these geographic disparities. The primary aim of this study was to harness the benefits of physical activity on children's executive functioning to see if these improvements lead to acute changes in eating behaviors. In a randomized crossover design, 91 preadolescent (8-10y; M age = 9.48 ± 0.85; 50.5% female; 85.7% White, 9.9% Multiracial, 9.9% Hispanic) children (86% rural) completed a 20-minute physical activity condition (moderate intensity walking) and time-matched sedentary condition (reading and/or coloring) ~ 14 days apart. Immediately following each condition, participants completed a behavioral inhibition task and then eating behaviors (total energy intake, relative energy intake, snack intake) were measured during a multi-array buffet test meal. After adjusting for period and order effects, body fat (measured via DXA), and depressive symptoms, participants experienced significant small improvements in their behavioral inhibition following the physical activity versus sedentary condition (p = 0.04, Hedge's g = 0.198). Eating behaviors did not vary by condition, nor did improvements in behavioral inhibition function as a mediator (ps > 0.09). Thus, in preadolescent children, small improvements in behavioral inhibition from physical activity do not produce acute improvements in energy intake. Additional research is needed to clarify whether the duration and/or intensity of physical activity sessions would produce different results in this age group, and whether intervention approaches and corresponding mechanisms of change vary by individual factors, like age and degree of food cue responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole R Kelly
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | - Claire Guidinger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Daniel M Swan
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Austin Folger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Gabriella M Luther
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Michael E Hahn
- Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1240 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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Breton E, Khundrakpam B, Jeon S, Evans A, Booij L. Cortical thickness and childhood eating behaviors: differences according to sex and age, and relevance for eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:47. [PMID: 39028377 PMCID: PMC11271398 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the association between childhood eating behaviors and cortical morphology, in relation to sex and age, in a community sample. METHODS Neuroimaging data of 71 children (mean age = 9.9 ± 1.4 years; 39 boys/32 girls) were obtained from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample. Emotional overeating, food fussiness, and emotional undereating were assessed using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Cortical thickness was obtained at 81,924 vertices covering the entire cortex. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS There was a significant effect of sex in the association between cortical thickness and emotional overeating (localized at the right postcentral and bilateral superior parietal gyri). Boys with more emotional overeating presented cortical thickening, whereas the opposite was observed in girls (p < 0.05). Different patterns of association were identified between food fussiness and cortical thickness (p < 0.05). The left rostral middle frontal gyrus displayed a positive correlation with food fussiness from 6 to 8 years, but a negative correlation from 12 to 14 years. Emotional undereating was associated with cortical thickening at the left precuneus, left middle temporal gyrus, and left insula (p < 0.05) with no effect of sex or age. CONCLUSIONS Leveraging on a community sample, findings support distinct patterns of associations between eating behaviors and cortical thickness, depending on sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Breton
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Canada
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Budhachandra Khundrakpam
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Seun Jeon
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alan Evans
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6605 Boul. LaSalle, Verdun, H4H1R3, Canada.
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Onay T, Beyazıt U, Uçar A, Bütün Ayhan A. Obesity in childhood: associations with parental neglect, nutritional habits, and obesity awareness. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1430418. [PMID: 39015536 PMCID: PMC11250508 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationships underlying the dynamic between obesity and parental neglect in terms of nutritional habits and obesity awareness are unclear. Parental neglect remains a significant subject of concern that needs to be examined in the context of obesity. Methods The aim was to examine the relationships between childhood obesity, parental neglect, children's eating habits and obesity. The study group consisted of 404 children and their parents from Ankara, Turkiye. As data collection tools, an Individual Information Form, Obesity Awareness Scale, the Parents Form of the Multidimensional Neglectful Behaviors Scale were administered. In addition, information on the children's body mass indexes was obtained by anthropometric measurements and the findings were recorded on the questionnaires of each child. Results It was found that 98 (24.3%) of the children included in the study were overweight and 63 (15.6%) were obese. The results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that in the underweight and overweight group, the parents' perception of their child's weight predicted body mass index in children, and in the obese group, along with the parents' perception of their child's weight, the age and gender of the child, eating fast, obesity in the family and parental neglect were also predictors. Conclusion Practitioners such as nurses, dietitians and child developmentalists working in schools should consider weight problems in children as one of the indicators of parental neglect and should implement interventive efforts to enhance parental supervision of children at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Onay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balıkesir, Türkiye
| | - Utku Beyazıt
- Child Development Department, Kumluca Health Sciences Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Aslı Uçar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aynur Bütün Ayhan
- Child Development Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Keller KL, Pearce AL, Fuchs B, Rolls BJ, Wilson SJ, Geier CF, Rose E, Garavan H. PACE: a Novel Eating Behavior Phenotype to Assess Risk for Obesity in Middle Childhood. J Nutr 2024; 154:2176-2187. [PMID: 38795747 PMCID: PMC11282498 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral phenotypes that predict future weight gain are needed to identify children susceptible to obesity. OBJECTIVES This prospective study developed an eating behavior risk score to predict change in adiposity over 1 y in children. METHODS Data from 6 baseline visits (Time 1, T1) and a 1-y follow-up visit (Time 2, T2) were collected from 76, 7- to 8-y-old healthy children recruited from Central Pennsylvania. At T1, children had body mass index (BMI) percentiles <90 and were classified with either high (n = 33; maternal BMI ≥30 kg/m2) or low (n = 43; maternal BMI ≤25 kg/m2) familial risk for obesity. Appetitive traits and eating behaviors were assessed at T1. Adiposity was measured at T1 and T2 using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, with a main outcome of fat mass index (FMI; total body fat mass divided by height in meters squared). Hierarchical linear regressions determined which eating measures improved prediction of T2 FMI after adjustment for covariates in the baseline model (T1 FMI, sex, income, familial risk, and Tanner stage). RESULTS Four eating measures-Portion susceptibility, Appetitive traits, loss of control eating, and eating rate-were combined into a standardized summary score called PACE. PACE improved the baseline model to predict 80% variance in T2 FMI. PACE was positively associated with the increase in FMI in children from T1 to T2, independent of familial risk (r = 0.58, P < 0.001). Although PACE was higher in girls than boys (P < 0.05), it did not differ by familial risk, income, or education. CONCLUSIONS PACE represents a cumulative eating behavior risk score that predicts adiposity gain over 1 y in middle childhood. If PACE similarly predicts adiposity gain in a cohort with greater racial and socioeconomic diversity, it will inform the development of interventions to prevent obesity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03341247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen L Keller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States; Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States.
| | - Alaina L Pearce
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States
| | - Bari Fuchs
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States
| | - Barbara J Rolls
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States
| | - Stephen J Wilson
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States
| | - Charles F Geier
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Emma Rose
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, United States
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Vermont, VT, United States
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Huang J, Keung VMW, Cheung CKM, Lo ASC, Chan SC, Wong YY, Mui LWH, Lee A, Wong MCS. Prevalence and associated factors of overweight in Chinese adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2237. [PMID: 38974328 PMCID: PMC11224025 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Obesity has been a global public health issue due to the increasing mortality rate and prevalence among children. However, there are scarce studies on obesity prevalence in Hong Kong children. The study aims to identify the risk factors of obesity among primary and secondary school students by assessing the relationship between sociodemographic factors, health-related behaviors, and social relationships. Methods Self-administrated surveys were collected from 30 primary schools and 25 secondary schools participating in the "Quality Education Fund Thematic Network on Health Schools" project. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the proportions of different characteristics and to compare the disparity between primary and secondary school students with obesity. Results A total of 4884 responses were collected. A larger proportion of primary school students with obesity were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77-3.67, p < 0.001) and actively gamed (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07-2.51, p = 0.024). Secondary school students with obesity were male (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.13, p = 0.001), had poor self-perceived academic performance (aOR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-2.08, p = 0.011) and expressed higher life satisfaction (family) (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.26, p = 0.032). There were negative associations found between obesity and physical activity, high consumption of sugary drinks, chocolate or candies, and insufficient consumption of vegetables. Conclusion Male sex, physical inactivity, low self-perecived academic performance, and poor dietary behaviors were the risk factors for obesity among primary and secondary school students. The findings highlighted the importance of identifying younger individuals who were at risk of becoming clinically obese. Further studies should explore the effectiveness of various interventions through longitudinal study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Vera M. W. Keung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Calvin K. M. Cheung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Amelia S. C. Lo
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Sze C. Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Yuet Y. Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Lancelot W. H. Mui
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Martin C. S. Wong
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- The School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- The School of Public HealthThe Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and The Peking Union Medical CollegesBeijingChina
- The School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Savard C, Bégin S, Robitaille J, Hivert MF, Parent S, Gingras V. Construct validity and reliability of a French-Canadian translation of the eating in the absence of hunger questionnaire for children and adolescents. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024. [PMID: 38820601 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) has been associated with overweight and obesity during childhood. The gold standard to assess this behavior is a laboratory-based protocol, but a questionnaire to assess EAH more efficiently in children and adolescents has been developed and validated in English. We assessed construct validity (structural and convergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency and temporal stability) of a French translation of the EAH Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents among French-Canadian youths. We recruited participants in Montreal (Canada) aged 7-15 years old, who completed the questionnaire and provided anthropometric data. We asked participants to complete the questionnaire a second time ∼4 weeks later. The questionnaire consists of 14 questions and 3 subscales that assess EAH due to negative affect, fatigue/boredom, and external cues. We performed an exploratory factor analysis to test the factor structure and we calculated Cronbach alpha coefficients and intra-class correlations to assess internal consistency and temporal stability, respectively. We assessed associations between EAH and BMI z-score using Pearson correlations. We included 196 participants (50% girls; mean (SD) 11.9 (2.3) years old) for the first completion and 153 for the second completion. The exploratory factor analysis generated the same three subscales as the original questionnaire: negative affect (α = 0.86; ICC = 0.78), fatigue/boredom (α = 0.75; ICC = 0.70), and external cues (α = 0.68; ICC = 0.54). Participant's BMI z-scores were positively associated with the average scores from the negative affect subscale (r = 0.19; ρ = 0.009). Our results suggest that this questionnaire has an adequate construct validity, internal consistency, and temporal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Savard
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - S Bégin
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - J Robitaille
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre de recherche Nutrition santé et société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - M-F Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, US
| | - S Parent
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - V Gingras
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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Oncina-Cánovas A, Vioque J, Riutort-Mayol G, Soler-Blasco R, Irizar A, Barroeta Z, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A, Vrijheid M, Guxens M, Carey M, Meharg C, Ralphs K, McCreanor C, Meharg A, Signes-Pastor AJ. Pro-vegetarian dietary patterns and essential and heavy metal exposure in children of 4-5-years from the INfancia y medio Ambiente cohort (INMA). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 257:114344. [PMID: 38430670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Dietary patterns provide a comprehensive assessment of food consumption, including essential nutrients and potential exposure to environmental contaminants. While pro-vegetarian (PVG) dietary patterns have shown health benefits in adults, their effects on children are less well studied. This study aims to explore the association between children's adherence to the most common PVG dietary patterns and their exposure to metals, assessed through urine concentration. In our study, we included a population of 723 children aged 4-5-years from the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) cohort in Spain. We calculated three predefined PVG dietary patterns, namely general (gPVG), healthful (hPVG), and unhealthful (uPVG), using dietary information collected through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Urinary concentrations of various essential and heavy metals (Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Pb, and Cd) were measured using mass spectrometry. Additionally, urinary arsenic speciation, including arsenobetaine (AsB), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and inorganic arsenic (iAs), was measured. The sum of urinary MMA and iAs was used to assess iAs exposure. We estimated primary (PMI) and secondary iAs methylation (SMI) indices. To explore the association between PVG dietary patterns in quintiles and metal exposure, we utilized multiple-adjusted linear regression models and the quantile g-computation approach. Compared with the lowest quintile, participants in the highest quintile of gPVG showed a 22.7% lower urinary Co (95% confidence interval (CI): -38.7; -1.98) and a 12.6% lower Se (95%CI: -22.9; -1.00) concentrations. Second quintile of adherence to hPVG was associated with a 51.7% lower urinary iAs + MMA concentrations (95%CI: -74.3; -8.61). Second quintile of adherence to an uPVG was associated with a 13.6% lower Se levels (95%CI: -22.9; -2.95) while the third quintile to this pattern was associated with 17.5% lower Mo concentrations (95%CI: -29.5; -2.95). The fourth quintile of adherence to gPVG was associated with a 68.5% higher PMI and a 53.7% lower SMI. Our study showed that adherence to a gPVG dietary pattern in childhood may modestly reduce the intakes of some essential metals such as Co and Se. Further investigations are warranted to explore any potential health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Riutort-Mayol
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Health Research Institute, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ziortza Barroeta
- Health Research Institute, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manus Carey
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Caroline Meharg
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Kathryn Ralphs
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Coalain McCreanor
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew Meharg
- Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550, Alicante, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
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Boerner KE, Keogh E, Inkster AM, Nahman-Averbuch H, Oberlander TF. A developmental framework for understanding the influence of sex and gender on health: Pediatric pain as an exemplar. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105546. [PMID: 38272336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Sex differences are a robust finding in many areas of adult health, including cardiovascular disease, psychiatric disorders, and chronic pain. However, many sex differences are not consistently observed until after the onset of puberty. This has led to the hypothesis that hormones are primary contributors to sex differences in health outcomes, largely ignoring the relative contributions of early developmental influences, emerging psychosocial factors, gender, and the interaction between these variables. In this paper, we argue that a comprehensive understanding of sex and gender contributions to health outcomes should start as early as conception and take an iterative biopsychosocial-developmental perspective that considers intersecting social positions. We present a conceptual framework, informed by a review of the literature in basic, clinical, and social science that captures how critical developmental stages for both sex and gender can affect children's health and longer-term outcomes. The literature on pediatric chronic pain is used as a worked example of how the framework can be applied to understanding different chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelynn E Boerner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Edmund Keogh
- Department of Psychology & Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Amy M Inkster
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hadas Nahman-Averbuch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tim F Oberlander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Power TG, Baker SS, Barale KV, Aragón MC, Lanigan JD, Parker L, Garcia KS, Auld G, Micheli N, Hughes SO. Using Mobile Technology for Family-Based Prevention in Families with Low Incomes: Lessons from a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Childhood Obesity Prevention Program. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2024; 25:369-379. [PMID: 38321316 PMCID: PMC10891227 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Researchers are increasingly using web-based technologies to deliver family-based, prevention programming. Few studies have examined the success of such approaches for families with low incomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of in-class and online engagement in a childhood obesity prevention program for parents with low incomes, to examine the demographic correlates of parent engagement, and to examine dosage effects on parental feeding outcomes as a function of online exposure. All participants attended in-class nutrition education classes (Eating Smart · Being Active) as part of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) in Colorado and Washington State (classes were offered in English and Spanish). Participants in this analysis were 168 parents from a larger cluster randomized controlled trial who had been randomly assigned to also receive a newly developed, mobile-based version of an efficacious, feeding-focused, childhood obesity prevention program. Results showed that despite high levels of in-person attendance (70%), participants only accessed 47% of the videos (online content). Older parents and parents of girls showed higher levels of in-person attendance; currently employed parents showed lower levels. Online engagement varied as a function of ethnicity and acculturation: non-Hispanic parents accessed the most videos, low-acculturated Hispanic parents accessed the second most, and highly acculturated Hispanic parents accessed the least. In contrast, low-acculturated Hispanic parents showed the highest in-person attendance. For all but one outcome, significant online program effects were found only for parents who accessed at least half of the videos. Implications for mobile-based, family-based prevention programs for parents with low incomes are considered.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03170700; Registration Date: March 08, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M Catalina Aragón
- Washington State University Extension, Tacoma, WA, USA
- Maternal and Child Health, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Louise Parker
- Washington State University Extension, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karina Silva Garcia
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Department of Public Health, County of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Garry Auld
- Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | - Nilda Micheli
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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11
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Adise S, Boutelle KN, Rezvan PH, Kan E, Rhee KE, Goran MI, Sowell ER. Sex-specific impulsivity, but not other facets of executive function, predicts fat and sugar intake two-years later amongst adolescents with a healthy weight: Findings from the ABCD study. Appetite 2024; 192:107081. [PMID: 37839556 PMCID: PMC10842015 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
During adolescence, processes that control food intake (executive functions [EF]) undergo extensive refinement; underlying differences in EF may explain the inability to resist overeating unhealthy foods. Yet, overeating fat and sugar also causes changes to EF and cognition but disentangling these relationships has been difficult, as previous studies included youth with obesity. Here, amongst youth initially of a healthy weight, we evaluate whether 1) sex-specific underlying variation in EF/cognition at 9/10-years-old predict fat/sugar two-years later (Y2) and 2) if these relationships are moderated by body mass index (BMI), using linear mixed effects models (controlled for puberty, caregiver education; random effect: study site). Data were leveraged from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (n = 2987; 50.4% male; 15.4% Latino/a/x; 100% healthy weight at baseline; 12.4% overweight/obese by Y2, data release 4.0). EF and cognition (e.g., inhibition, cognition, motor, memory, impulsivity) were assessed with the NIH toolbox, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task, Little Man Task, the BIS/BAS, and UPPS-P. A saturated fat/added sugar (kcals) composite score was extracted from the validated Kids Food Block Screener. For males, greater baseline impulsivity (e.g., Positive Urgency, Lack of Planning and Perseverance) and reward (e.g., Fun seeking, Drive) was related to greater Y2 intake. For both sexes, greater baseline Negative Urgency and higher BMI was related to greater Y2 intake. No other relationships were observed. Our findings highlight a phenotype that may be more at risk for weight gain due to overconsumption of fat/sugar. Thus, prevention efforts may wish to focus on impulsive tendencies for these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Adise
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Panteha Hayati Rezvan
- Biostatistics and Data Management Core, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eric Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Research Administration, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Sowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Chen L, Thapaliya G, Papantoni A, Benson L, Carnell S. Neural correlates of appetite in adolescents. Appetite 2023; 191:107076. [PMID: 37806450 PMCID: PMC10997743 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Appetitive characteristics are associated with child adiposity, but their biological underpinnings are unclear. We sought to investigate the neural correlates of psychometric and behavioral measures of appetitive characteristics in youth. Adolescents (14-18y; 39F, 37M) varying in familial obesity risk and body weight (20% with overweight, 24% with obesity) viewed pictures of high energy-density (ED) foods, low-ED foods and non-foods during fMRI scanning on two separate days. On one day participants consumed a 474 ml preload of water (0 kcal, fasted) and on another (counter-balanced) 474 ml milkshake (480 kcal, fed), before scanning. A multi-item ad libitum meal (ALM) followed scanning. Parents completed Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) sub-scales assessing food approach and food self-regulation. Caloric compensation was calculated as the percentage of preload intake compensated for by down-regulation of ALM intake in the fed vs. fasted condition. Analyses correcting for multiple comparisons demonstrated that, for the fasted condition, higher CEBQ Food Responsiveness scores were associated with greater activation to high-ED (vs. low-ED) foods in regions implicated in food reward (insula, rolandic operculum, putamen). In addition, higher caloric compensation was associated with greater fed vs. fasted activations in response to foods (vs. non-foods) in thalamus and supramarginal gyrus. Uncorrected analyses provided further support for associations of different measures of appetitive characteristics with brain responses to food cues in each condition. Measures of appetitive characteristics demonstrated overlapping and distinct associations with patterns of brain activation elicited by food cues in fasted and fed states. Understanding the neural basis of appetitive characteristics could aid development of biobehaviorally-informed obesity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - G Thapaliya
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - A Papantoni
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - L Benson
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - S Carnell
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
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Hasbani EC, Félix PV, Sauan PK, Maximino P, Machado RHV, Ferrari G, Fisberg M. How parents' feeding styles, attitudes, and multifactorial aspects are associated with feeding difficulties in children. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:543. [PMID: 37898797 PMCID: PMC10612164 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental complaints about feeding difficulties (FD) during childhood are frequent in pediatrics. Behavioral factors about children's feeding and parental aspects are fundamental in solving these problems, but research in this area lacks information considering the joint presence of fathers and mothers. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the features of children, parents and mealtime practices related to FD reported by fathers and mothers and to identify parenting styles, mealtime actions, practices and factors associated with FD in children. METHODS 323 parents (226 mothers and 97 fathers) of children aged 1 to 7 years were recruited in the emergency waiting room at Sabará Hospital Infantil, in São Paulo, Brazil, and self-completed electronic questionnaires on parenting style (Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire), parents' mealtime actions (Parent Mealtime Action Scale), socioeconomic information, personal and children's health data and routine meal practices. RESULTS The prevalence of FD in children was 26.6%. Indulgent parenting style was the most frequent (44.2%), followed by authoritarian (25.1%), authoritative (23.8%), and uninvolved (6.9%) styles. Most parents (75.8%) reported presence during meals, and 83.6% used distractions. Regression analyses after adjustments showed, as factors associated with FD, female children (OR: 2.06; 95%CI: 1.19-3.58), parents' FD history (OR: 3.16; 95%CI: 1.77-5.64), and greater frequency of parents' behavior of offering many food options (OR: 2.69; 95%CI: 1.18-6.14). Parents with indulgent styles had decreased chances of reporting FD in their children (OR: 0.13; 95%CI: 0.06-0.27). Furthermore, the practice of children sharing the family menu (OR: 0.43; 95%CI: 0.18-0.99) and higher frequency of parents' behavior of setting snack limits (OR: 0.44; 95%CI: 0.23-0.85) were inversely associated with FD. CONCLUSIONS This study reinforces the multifactorial aspects involved in the feeding difficulties context. It points out the importance of expanding knowledge of the individual role of fathers and mothers to compose a scenario that can guide future studies and interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION CAAE #99221318.1.0000.5567 with registration number 2,961,598.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Czarny Hasbani
- Sciences Applied to Pediatrics Postgraduate Program, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 598, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paula Victória Félix
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, 01246-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Kawai Sauan
- Consulting and Training, Rua José Maria Lisboa, 586, São Paulo, 01423-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Maximino
- CENDA (Excellency Center for Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties), Instituto PENSI-Jose Luiz E. Setubal Foundation, Av Angelica 2071, CEP 01227-200, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Sciences Applied to Pediatrics Postgraduate Program, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 598, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, 04023-062, SP, Brazil
- CENDA (Excellency Center for Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties), Instituto PENSI-Jose Luiz E. Setubal Foundation, Av Angelica 2071, CEP 01227-200, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Rafisa A, Sarilita E, Delage B, Munger RG, Mossey PA. Situational analysis of nutritional status among 1899 children presenting with cleft lip and/or palate in Indonesia. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04127. [PMID: 37856736 PMCID: PMC10586796 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Given the increased risk of malnutrition in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP), determining their nutritional status is critical for preventing adverse surgical risks. However, no such disaggregated, national-level data are available in Indonesia. We aimed to determine the nutritional status of patients with clefts in Indonesia and to identify problems and solutions for malnutrition cases within the population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we considered records of individuals who underwent primary surgery for CLP in Smile Train-sponsored facilities in Indonesia between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2021 (n = 18 480). We only included children under the age of five with an evaluation date prior to admission date and excluded subjects with invalid data values. We classified their nutritional status by z-scores according to the World Health Organization Child Growth Standard (2006). Malnutrition cases cover four indicators - stunting, wasting, underweight, and overweight. We compared the prevalence for malnutrition cases in children under the age of five using national health survey data. Results We included 1899 records following data validation. The national prevalence of stunting (24.4%), wasting (12.5%), and overweight cases (12.9%) was high, while underweight cases (6.8%) were comparatively low. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in nutritional status based on length/height-for-age between girls and boys aged 0-5 months (P = 0.008) and 48-60 months (P = 0.001), and based on body mass index-for-age (P = 0.000) between girls and boys aged 0-5 months. Girls in different age groups exhibited a statistically significant difference in nutritional status based on length/height-for-age (P = 0.002) and weight-for-age (P = 0.017). Concurrent stunting and overweight were the most common forms of concurrent malnutrition (8.7%). We found a significant difference in the prevalence of underweight (P = 0.001) and overweight (P = 0.000) cases between children with CLP and those without CLP. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of nutritional interventions for children with orofacial clefts in Indonesia, and the importance of age and gender in their design and implementation. Further investigation is necessary to explore the risks of overweight and concurrent malnutrition among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anggun Rafisa
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Erli Sarilita
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Ronald G Munger
- Centre for Epidemiologic Studies, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Peter A Mossey
- Division of Oral Health Sciences and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health & Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
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15
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Deslippe AL, Bergeron C, Cohen TR. Boys and girls differ in their rationale behind eating: a systematic review of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in dietary habits across countries. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1256189. [PMID: 37841404 PMCID: PMC10570531 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1256189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Boys' and girls' food habits diverge in adolescence (13-18 years). This contributes to unequal risks of adverse health outcomes based on sex and gender in adulthood (e.g., heart diseases in men vs. disorder eating in women). Though multi-factorial, why these dietary differences occur is unclear. Purpose To identify the reasons why adolescents' motivation behind dietary habits differs among genders. Methods Four databases were searched following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies had to use qualitative methodology and report at least one gender unique theme. Reported themes were thematically analyzed, with a sub-analysis by country where the studies were conducted. Quality appraisals were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Results In the 34 eligible articles (n = 1,694 returned) two overarching themes emerged that dictated dietary habits in adolescents: Self-motivators and Uncontrollable factors. Gender differences arose whereby girls highlighted more external motivators (e.g., eat healthier, change dietary habits around boys and be thin to fit traditional norms) over their dietary habits. In contrast, boys focused on more internal motivators (e.g., gain autonomy, eat for enjoyment and pursue gains in physical performance). This suggests that motivation underlying how boys and girls eat differs. These trends were largely consistent across countries. Conclusion Boys' and girls' food habits are not motivated by the same factors. To create more effective dietary interventions targeting health promotion, unique motivations behind food habits need to be understood and incorporated. Systematic review registration Identifier: CRD42022298077.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysha L. Deslippe
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Healthy Starts, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Coralie Bergeron
- Healthy Starts, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tamara R. Cohen
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Healthy Starts, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Ayele AN, Mekonen AG, Seid A, Mitikie EG, Abayneh AD, Haile MT. Predictors of obesity among school-age children in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001895. [PMID: 37682830 PMCID: PMC10490846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity causes a serious diet-related chronic disease, including type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, osteoarthritis, and certain forms of cancer. In Sub- Saharan Africa including Ethiopia, most nutritional interventions mainly focused on a child undernutrition and ignored the impacts of obesity among children. In Ethiopia, the magnitude and associated factors of obesity among school-age children were not clearly described. Therefore this study assesses the predictors of obesity among school- age children in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia, 2022. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was conducted from June to July, 2022. Participants were selected by using multistage sampling method. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questions. Data were coded and entered in Epi-data version 4.6 and exported and analyzed using SPSS version 25. RESULT A total of 600 children were participating in the study. The prevalence of obesity was 10.7% (95% CI: 8.3, 13.2). In this study, attending at private school (AOR = 4.24, 95% CI: 1.58, 11.32), children aged between 10-12years (AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.30, 5.48), soft drink available in home (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.25,18.13), Loneliness (AOR = 1.67 95% CI: 1.12, 3.15) and mothers with occupational status of daily labour (AOR = 8.54 95% CI: 1.12, 65.39) were significantly associated with childhood obesity. CONCLUSION In this study, the overall magnitude of childhood obesity was (10.7%) which means one in eleven children and relatively high as compare to the EDHS survey. Therefore, more attention should be given to strengthening physical activities, providing nutritional education, and creating community awareness about healthy diets as well as other preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Nigussie Ayele
- Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Asrate Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Gonie Mekonen
- Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Asrate Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - AbdulWahhab Seid
- Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Asrate Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | | | - Abrham Demis Abayneh
- Department of Midwifery, Debre Berhan Health Science College, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Mitiku Tefera Haile
- Department of Midwifery, Debre Berhan Health Science College, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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Hedayetullah S, Sagar V, Singh SB, Minz P, Kujur A, Kashyap V, Haque MS, Kumar D, Sahu S, Wasnik A. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Students of Government and Private High Schools in an Indian State With Significant Tribal Population: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e43105. [PMID: 37692751 PMCID: PMC10483093 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity among school-going children is an emerging public health problem in the country. The information available on the true extent of obesity and overweight among school-aged children is limited. Hence, the present study has been conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school students in Jharkhand, India. METHODOLOGY This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1162 students of government and private schools of Ormanjhi block, Ranchi district, from July 2022 to December 2022. A predesigned, semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire containing different sections namely sociodemographic characteristics, and health parameters were used for the study subjects. Clinical examination and anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences were taken using standard equipment to calculate body mass index (BMI) and central obesity (waist-hip ratio). RESULTS The prevalence of overweight and obesity was more at 14 years of age (30.2%), among boys (18.1%), and among students practicing the Islam religion (51.1%). Moreover, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be highest in private schools (66.2%), and that was statistically significant (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be significant with respect to age, gender, and religion. The findings from this study would be helpful in raising awareness among students, parents, teachers, and health professionals about the influence of overweight and obesity on a child's physical, social, and psychological well-being, and this, in turn, would facilitate parents, students, and teachers in the adoption of a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Hedayetullah
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Shashi B Singh
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Pradeep Minz
- Physiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Anit Kujur
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Vivek Kashyap
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Md Sariful Haque
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Dilip Kumar
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Surendra Sahu
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Apoorva Wasnik
- Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
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18
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Egele VS, Stark R. Specific health beliefs mediate sex differences in food choice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1159809. [PMID: 37342550 PMCID: PMC10277620 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1159809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although sex differences in dietary habits are well documented, the etiology of those differences is still a focus of research. The present study examines the role of specific health beliefs regarding healthy amounts of food for food choice and its relation to sex, more specifically, the assumption that sex differences in food choices are mediated by differentiating health beliefs. Method 212 German participants (44.3% female) aged 18-70 answered an online self-report questionnaire on their dietary habits and health beliefs, based on the recommendations of the German Nutrition Society. Results Most of the anticipated sex differences in food choice and some differences in health beliefs were found. The mediation hypothesis was partly supported, as the relationship between sex and fruit, vegetable, and fish consumption was mediated by the respective health beliefs. However, no mediation effects were found for meat, egg, cereal, and milk product consumption. Conclusion The support for the mediation hypothesis aligns with previous findings and indicates that health beliefs might be an important pathway to fostering healthier food choices, especially for men. Nonetheless, sex differences in food choice were only partially mediated by sex differences in specific health beliefs, indicating that future studies might benefit from parallel mediation analyses to reveal the impact of other relevant factors influencing sex differences in food choice.
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Breton É, Côté SM, Dubois L, Vitaro F, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Booij L. Childhood Overeating and Disordered Eating From Early Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study on the Mediating Role of BMI, Victimization and Desire for Thinness. J Youth Adolesc 2023:10.1007/s10964-023-01796-5. [PMID: 37270466 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01796-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Eating disorders have early origins, and there could be a continuum between childhood eating behaviors, such as overeating, and long-term disordered eating, but this remains to be shown. BMI, desire for thinness and peer victimization could influence this continuum, but their interactions are unknown. To fill this gap, the study used data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (N = 1511; 52% girls), in which 30.9% of youth presented a trajectory associated with high disordered eating from 12 to 20 years. The results support an indirect association between overeating at age 5 and disordered eating trajectories, with different mediation processes observed between boys and girls. The findings underscore the importance of promoting healthy body images and eating behaviors among youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Édith Breton
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Boivin
- Department of Psychology, University Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Research centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
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20
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Roe LS, Keller KL, Rolls BJ. Food Properties and Individual Characteristics Influence Children's Intake Across Multiple Days of Weighed Assessments in Childcare Programs. J Nutr 2023; 153:1646-1655. [PMID: 36965692 PMCID: PMC10367225 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because children often consume substantial proportions of their diets in childcare programs, it is critical to determine what they eat when served menus meeting dietary recommendations and how intake is related to individual characteristics. OBJECTIVES Using weighed assessments, we characterized children's consumption across 15 daily menus and investigated the relationship between properties of the food consumed and child characteristics. METHODS In 3 crossover trials in childcare centers that followed dietary guidelines, we provided and weighed all meals and snacks for 5 consecutive days. For this descriptive secondary analysis, we characterized primary outcomes (daily food weight, energy density, and energy intake) by including the most typical set of menus from each trial, yielding 603 daily intakes for 128 preschool children (15% with overweight or obesity). Physical activity was measured by accelerometry during childcare sessions. Children's appetitive traits were assessed by parental questionnaires. RESULTS Both food properties and child characteristics were related to daily intake. More food was consumed from menus with greater food weight, and the energy density of consumed food was greater from menus with higher energy density (both P < 0.0001); these menu differences resulted in greater energy intake (P = 0.009). Children with overweight and obesity had greater energy intake as a proportion of requirements than did children with healthy weight (113 ± 6% versus 101 ± 2%; P = 0.039). Vegetable intake was 39 ± 2% of the recommended amounts and boys had lower consumption than girls (P = 0.004). Children with appetitive traits of lower satiety responsiveness or higher food responsiveness had greater daily energy intake (both P < 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Weighed intakes showed that when children were served daily menus with substantial portions of foods that met dietary recommendations, they selectively consumed higher-energy-dense items and ate few vegetables. A particular concern was that children with overweight ate amounts that exceeded their energy needs. The trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02963987, NCT03010501, NCT03242863).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liane S Roe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kathleen L Keller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Barbara J Rolls
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
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21
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Ersado TL, Uliso TB, Geltore TE. Prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition among school adolescents of Durame Town, Kambeta Tembaro Zone, Ethiopia. Pan Afr Med J 2023; 44:163. [PMID: 37455869 PMCID: PMC10349628 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.44.163.27841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction malnutrition is a major public health issue affecting adolescents globally and developing countries in particular. Adolescent period is very sensitive to malnutrition. Adolescent malnutrition can be affected by different factors. The objective of this study was to assess prevalence and associated factors of adolescent malnutrition among high school students. Methods an institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out among school adolescents in Durame town high schools. Of the 498 selected school adolescents, 455 (91.4 %) were included in this study. Data were entered into Epi data and exported to World Health Organization (WHO) Anthroplus and Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Odds ratio at 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to check for the existence and strength of association between variables. P-value less than 0.05 was used to declare significance of association. Results the prevalence of stunting, thinness and overweight among adolescents was 26 (5.7%), 11(2.4 %) and 42 (9.2%), respectively. Residing in rural (AOR=5.31, 95% CI: 1.03-27.27) and utilize community based nutrition (AOR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.07-0.98) were associated with thinness. Male (AOR=3.55, 95% CI: 1.62-7.81) and having cattle (AOR=2.78, 95% CI: 1.393, 5.565) were associated with overweight. Conclusion around two in twenty-five adolescents are stunted. About one in twenty-five adolescents are thin. More than two in twenty-five adolescents are overweight. Sex of adolescents, having cattle were associated with overweight of adolescent. Rural residence and utilizing community based nutrition were associated with thinness. Minister of Health and other health offices should implement nutrition education to school adolescents by giving emphasis on place of residence and for both male and female adolescents.
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22
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Mahmood L, Gonzalez-Gil EM, Makrilakis K, Liatis S, Schwarz P, Herrmann S, Willems R, Cardon G, Latomme J, Rurik I, Radó S, Iotova V, Usheva N, Tankova T, Karaglani E, Manios Y, Moreno LA. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between family meals frequency and children's overweight/obesity in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes: The Feel4Diabetes-study. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13000. [PMID: 36632012 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of family meals has been suggested as a protective factor against obesity among children. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between family meals frequency and children's overweight/obesity in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) across six European countries. METHODS 989 parent-child dyads (52% girls and 72% mothers) were included. Participants completed validated measures to assess the frequency of family meals and anthropometrics. Multivariable regression models were applied to examine the longitudinal associations between family meals frequency and overweight/obesity in children. Logistic regression was performed to predict the odds of having overweight/obesity depending on changes in family meals frequency over a two-year follow-up period. Analyses were stratified for children's sex. RESULTS High frequency of family breakfasts and/or dinners was inversely associated with children's BMI in boys and girls at T2. Results showed decreased odds of overweight/obesity at follow-up among both boys (OR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.41, 0.96) and girls (OR = 0.53; 95% CI 0.31, 0.87) who consumed minimum of three times family breakfasts and/or family dinners a week at baseline. An increase in family breakfasts and/or dinners frequency was associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity in both boys and girls at follow-up. CONCLUSION A high frequency of family breakfasts and/or dinners but not lunch during childhood is associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity development in children from families at high risk of T2D. The promotion of family meals could help in preventing the development of overweight/obesity among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Mahmood
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther M Gonzalez-Gil
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Stavros Liatis
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Schwarz
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus at the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Herrmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus at the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ruben Willems
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Latomme
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Imre Rurik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándorné Radó
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Violeta Iotova
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organization, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Natalya Usheva
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organization, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetalina Tankova
- Department of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Eva Karaglani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Institute of Agri-food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
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23
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Mast A, Peña A, Bolch CA, Shaibi G, Vander Wyst KB. Sex differences in response to lifestyle intervention among children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:665-692. [PMID: 36762579 PMCID: PMC10352023 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about sex differences in response to lifestyle interventions among pediatric populations. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate sex differences in adiposity following lifestyle interventions among children and adolescents with overweight or obesity aged 6 to 18 years old. METHODS Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE (from inception to March 2021), and references from included articles were examined. Eligibility criteria included children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years with overweight or obesity, randomization to a lifestyle intervention versus a control group, and assessment of at least one adiposity measure. Corresponding authors were contacted to obtain summary statistics by sex (n = 14/49). RESULTS Of 89 full-text articles reviewed, 49 (55%) were included, of which 33 (67%) reported statistically significant intervention effects on adiposity. Only two studies (4%) evaluated sex differences in response to lifestyle intervention, reporting conflicting results. The results of the meta-regression models demonstrated no significant differences in the treatment effect between male and female youth for weight (beta = -0.05, SE = 0.18, z = -0.28, p = 0.8), BMI (beta = 0.03, SE = 0.14, z = 0.19, p = 0.85), BMI z score (beta = -0.04, SE = 0.18, z = -0.23, p = 0.82), percentage body fat (beta = -0.11, SE = 0.16, z = -0.67, p = 0.51), and waist circumference (beta = -0.30, SE = 0.25, z = -1.18, p = 0.24). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis revealed that youth with overweight or obesity do not demonstrate a differential response to lifestyle intervention in relation to adiposity-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Mast
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ
| | - Armando Peña
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Charlotte A. Bolch
- Office of Research and Sponsored Programs, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ
| | - Gabriel Shaibi
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
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24
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Wattick RA, Olfert MD, Claydon E, Hagedorn-Hatfield RL, Barr ML, Brode C. Early life influences on the development of food addiction in college attending young adults. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:14. [PMID: 36807705 PMCID: PMC9940052 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is little investigation into the causes of food addiction. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of early life influences on the development of food addiction in college-attending young adults aged 18-29. METHODS This study utilized a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. College-attending young adults were invited to complete an online survey measuring Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), food addiction, depression, anxiety, stress, and demographic information. Correlations between food addiction and the other variables were analyzed and significant variables were placed into a nominal logistic regression model to predict the development of food addiction. Participants who met the criteria for food addiction were invited to participate in interviews to examine their childhood eating environment and when their symptoms emerged. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted using JMP Pro Version 16.0 and qualitative analysis was conducted using NVIVO Software Version 12.0. RESULTS Survey respondents (n = 1645) had an overall 21.9% prevalence of food addiction. Significant correlations were observed between food addiction and ACEs, depression, anxiety, stress, and sex (p < .01 for all). Depression was the only significant predictor of the development of food addiction (OR = 3.33 95% CI 2.19, 5.05). The most common eating environment described by interview participants (n = 36) was an emphasis on diet culture, ideal body image, and restrictive environments. Symptoms frequently emerged after transitioning into college and having the ability to make their own food choices. CONCLUSION These results show the impact of early life eating environments and young adulthood mental health on the development of food addiction. These findings contribute to the understanding of underlying causes of food addiction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Wattick
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design, West Virginia University, G25 4100 Agricultural Sciences Building, 1194 Evansdale Dr., P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV, 26505-6108, USA
| | - Melissa D Olfert
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design, West Virginia University, G25 4100 Agricultural Sciences Building, 1194 Evansdale Dr., P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV, 26505-6108, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Claydon
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Dr., Morgantown, WV, 26505-9190, USA
| | - Rebecca L Hagedorn-Hatfield
- Department of Nutrition, Health and Human Performance, School of Education Health and Human Sciences, Meredith College, 3800 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC, 27607-5298, USA
| | - Makenzie L Barr
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, 212 Funkhouser Building, Lexington, KY, 40514, USA
| | - Cassie Brode
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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25
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Russell A, Jansen E, Burnett AJ, Lee J, Russell CG. Children's eating behaviours and related constructs: conceptual and theoretical foundations and their implications. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:19. [PMID: 36793039 PMCID: PMC9933409 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a substantial body of research on children's eating behaviours (e.g., food responsiveness and fussiness) and related constructs (e.g., eating in the absence of hunger, appetite self-regulation). This research provides a foundation for understanding children's dietary intakes and healthy eating behaviours, as well as efforts at intervention, whether in relation to food avoidance, overeating and/or trajectories to excess weight gain. The success of these efforts and their associated outcomes is dependent on the theoretical foundation and conceptual clarity of the behaviours and constructs. This, in turn contributes to the coherence and precision of the definitions and measurement of these behaviours and constructs. Limited clarity in these areas ultimately creates uncertainty around the interpretation of findings from research studies and intervention programs. At present there does not appear to be an overarching theoretical framework of children's eating behaviours and associated constructs, or for separate domains of children's eating behaviours/constructs. The main purpose of the present review was to examine the possible theoretical foundations of some of the main current questionnaire and behavioural measures of children's eating behaviours and related constructs. METHODS We reviewed the literature on the most prominent measures of children's eating behaviours for use with children aged ~ 0-12 years. We focused on the explanations and justifications for the original design of the measures and whether these included theoretical perspectives, as well as current theoretical interpretations (and difficulties) of the behaviours and constructs. RESULTS We found that the most commonly used measures had their foundations in relatively applied or practical concerns rather than theoretical perspectives. CONCLUSIONS We concluded, consistent with Lumeng & Fisher (1), that although existing measures have served the field well, to advance the field as a science, and better contribute to knowledge development, increased attention should be directed to the conceptual and theoretical foundations of children's eating behaviours and related constructs. Suggestions for future directions are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Russell
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia Australia
| | - Elena Jansen
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Alissa J. Burnett
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jookyeong Lee
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Catherine G. Russell
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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26
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Pasquale EK, Manzano MA, Strong DR, Eichen DM, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Boutelle KN. Psychometric properties of the Eating in the Absence of Hunger Questionnaire in treatment-seeking adults with overweight and obesity. Appetite 2023; 180:106376. [PMID: 36379306 PMCID: PMC9808922 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding eating behaviors that contribute to overweight and obesity (OW/OB) is an important public health objective. One eating behavior known to contribute to overeating is eating in the absence of hunger (EAH). The Eating in the Absence of Hunger Questionnaire for Children was developed to assess external events and internal experiences that lead children to overeat. Despite the measure's adaptation for use with adults (i.e., EAH-A), its psychometric properties within this population have not been explored. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the EAH-A in sample of 311 treatment-seeking adults with OW/OB (mean BMI = 34.5 [5.1]; mean age = 46.3 [12.1]; 81.7% female; 20.6% Latinx, 59.2% white). The EAH-A contains 14 items and assesses three domains: negative affect eating (EAH-NAE), external eating, and fatigue/boredom eating, through two parallel sets of items assessing initiating EAH and continuing EAH. Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed with promax rotation and maximum likelihood factor extraction. Results supported a unitary factor of EAH, with scale responses driven by EAH-NAE items. Results may be explained in part by scale structure and domain imbalance favoring EAH-NAE items, or the true internal structure of EAH may consist of a singular latent construct. Follow-up analyses indicated redundancy of the scale's parallel sections. If researchers are primarily interested in EAH-NAE, only the three "start eating" or "keep eating" items may be needed. This study highlights the importance of validating the psychometric properties of a measure within intended populations to ensure interpretations are valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K. Pasquale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA,San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA
| | - Michael A. Manzano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA,San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA
| | - David R. Strong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
| | - Dawn M. Eichen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814 USA
| | - Kerri N. Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
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27
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Gomes AI, Roberto MS, Pereira AI, Alves C, João P, Dias AR, Veríssimo J, Barros L. Development and Psychometric Characteristics of an Instrument to Assess Parental Feeding Practices to Promote Young Children's Eating Self-Regulation: Results with a Portuguese Sample. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234953. [PMID: 36500987 PMCID: PMC9736991 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A parental child-centered feeding approach is likely to keep children’s biological mechanisms activated while eating, protecting them in an obesogenic context. However, few feeding practice measures assess parents’ behaviors to guide and prompt children to identify and respond appropriately to their signs of hunger and satiety. We aimed to develop and study the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of a new scale to assess parental feeding practices to promote children’s self-regulation of food intake. To pursue this aim, we conducted two descriptive, cross-sectional, online studies in Portugal in an online format; a total of 536 parents of 2- to 6-year-old children completed the evaluation protocol. Factorial analysis findings support the theoretical organization proposed for the scale. The confirmatory factorial analysis supported a first-order factor structure with two subscales, Prompting for eating self-regulation and Teaching about eating consequences, with eight items in total. Both scales presented good internal consistency and adequate temporal stability, with a significant, positive, and moderate relationship. The results showed metric invariance for the child’s sex. Both types of practices were positively correlated with the child’s enjoyment of food. Prompting for eating self-regulation showed negative associations with parents’ emotional lack of control, children’s satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, and fussiness. Preliminary studies confirmed both the validity and reliability of the instrument and the adequacy of adopting a self-regulatory approach when assessing child-centered feeding practices. Combining this instrument with others that assess coercive practices can be beneficial to capture ineffective parents’ behaviors on children’s eating self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Gomes
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Magda Sofia Roberto
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Pereira
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cátia Alves
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia João
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Dias
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Veríssimo
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barros
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
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Mahmood L, Moreno LA, Flores-Barrantes P, Mavrogianni C, Schwarz P, Makrilakis K, Liatis S, Cardon G, Willems R, Rurik I, Radó S, Tankova T, Iotova V, Usheva N, Manios Y, Gonzalez-Gil EM. Parental food consumption and diet quality and its association with children's food consumption in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes: the Feel4Diabetes-study. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:1-12. [PMID: 36217747 PMCID: PMC9991723 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the parental food consumption and diet quality and its associations with children's consumption in families at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus across Europe. Also, to compare food frequency consumption among parents and children from high-risk families to the European Dietary guidelines/recommendations. DESIGN Cross-sectional study using Feel4diabetes FFQ. SETTING Families completed FFQ and anthropometric measures were obtained. Linear regression analyses were applied to investigate the relations between parental food consumption and diet quality and their children's food consumption after consideration of potential confounders. PARTICIPANTS 2095 European families (74·6 % mothers, 50·9 % girls). The participants included parent and one child, aged 6-8 years. RESULTS Parental food consumption was significantly associated with children's intake from the same food groups among boys and girls. Most parents and children showed under-consumption of healthy foods according to the European Dietary Guidelines. Parental diet quality was positively associated with children's intake of 'fruit' (boys: β = 0·233, P < 0·001; girls: β = 0·134, P < 0·05) and 'vegetables' (boys: β = 0·177, P < 0·01; girls: β = 0·234, P < 0·001) and inversely associated with their 'snacks' consumption (boys: β = -0·143, P < 0·05; girls: β = -0·186, P < 0·01). CONCLUSION The present study suggests an association between parental food consumption and diet quality and children's food intake. More in-depth studies and lifestyle interventions that include both parents and children are therefore recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Mahmood
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza50009, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza50009, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Flores-Barrantes
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza50009, Spain
| | - Christina Mavrogianni
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Schwarz
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Makrilakis
- Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Ruben Willems
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Imre Rurik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándorné Radó
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tsvetalina Tankova
- Department of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Violeta Iotova
- Department of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Natalya Usheva
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organization, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Agri-food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Esther M Gonzalez-Gil
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza50009, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Dabravolskaj J, Marozoff S, Maximova K, Campbell S, Veugelers PJ. Relationship Between Fruit and Vegetables Intake and Common Mental Disorders in Youth: A Systematic Review. Public Health Rev 2022; 43:1604686. [PMID: 36204513 PMCID: PMC9530034 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent evidence suggests that adequate fruit and vegetables intake (FVI) might be associated with lower risk of common mental disorders (CMDs) in adults, but studies in youth are also beginning to emerge and are synthesized in this systematic review. Methods: Online databases were searched from inception to 30 October 2020 to locate cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies focusing on the FVI and CMDs in youth (i.e., 10–18 years old). The risk of bias of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Results: Among 3,944 records identified, 12 studies (8 cross-sectional, 1 case-control, and 3 prospective cohort studies) were included in the final synthesis. None of the prospective cohort studies identified a statistically significant association between FVI and CMDs in youth, although inconsistent associations were reported in cross-sectional and case-control studies. Conclusion: The lack of associations between FVI and CMDs in youth, along with consistent associations in adults, might be explained by the accumulation of risk theoretical model and methodological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dabravolskaj
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Julia Dabravolskaj,
| | - Shelby Marozoff
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Katerina Maximova
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra Campbell
- John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul J. Veugelers
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Naya CH, Chu D, Wang WL, Nicolo M, Dunton GF, Mason TB. Children's Daily Negative Affect Patterns and Food Consumption on Weekends: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:600-609. [PMID: 35644784 PMCID: PMC9276542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association between children's daily negative affect (NA) trajectories and unhealthy food consumption during weekends using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). DESIGN Children answered mobile phone-based EMA surveys 7 times a day for 2 weekend days per wave, with each survey assessing current NA and past 2-hour consumption of fried foods (chips or fries), sweets (pastries or sweets), and sugary beverages (drank soda or energy drinks). SETTING Los Angeles, California. PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 195 children (51% female; mean age, 9.65 years; SD, 0.93) from the Mothers and Their Children's Health cohort study. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Negative affect trajectory (independent variable), unhealthy food consumption (dependent variable). ANALYSIS Latent growth mixture modeling classified NA trajectories across days and examined their association with unhealthy food consumption. RESULTS The latent growth mixture modeling identified 3 classes of daily NA trajectories: (1) stable low, (2) early increasing and late decreasing and (3) early decreasing and late increasing. Fried food consumption was higher on early increasing and late decreasing and early decreasing and late increasing NA trajectories than days with stable low NA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS By better understanding day-to-day variability in children's affect and eating, we can individually tailor obesity interventions to account for the emotional contexts in which unhealthy eating occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Naya
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Daniel Chu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michele Nicolo
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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31
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Alberga AS, Edache IY, Sigal RJ, Ranson KM, Russell‐Mayhew S, Kenny GP, Doucette S, Prud’homme D, Hadjiyannakis S, Cameron J, Goldfield GS. Effects of the HEARTY exercise randomized controlled trial on eating behaviors in adolescents with obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 9:158-171. [PMID: 37034563 PMCID: PMC10073823 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are well-recognized benefits of behavioral interventions that include exercise for children and adolescents with obesity. However, such behavioral weight management programs may precipitate unintended consequences. It is unclear if different exercise modalities impact eating behaviors differently in youth with obesity. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on eating attitudes and behaviors (uncontrolled eating, restrained eating, emotional eating, external eating and food craving) among adolescents with overweight and obesity. Methods N = 304 (70% female) adolescents with overweight and obesity participated in the 6-month Healthy Eating Aerobic and Resistance Training in Youth (HEARTY) randomized controlled trial. All participants were inactive post-pubertal adolescents (15.6 ± 1.4 years) with a mean BMI = 34.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2. The Food Craving Inventory (food cravings), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (restrained eating, emotional eating, external eating), and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (uncontrolled eating) were used to assess eating attitudes and behaviors. Results All exercise groups showed within-group decreases in external eating and food cravings. Participants randomized to the Combined training group and were more adherent showed the greatest improvements in eating behaviors and cravings. Conclusions A 6-month exercise intervention produced improvements in disordered eating behaviors and food cravings, but effects may be gender and modality-specific. Findings highlight the need to tailor exercise intervention to participant characteristics for the promotion of healthier eating and weight management outcomes in youth with obesity. Clinical Trial Registration # and Date: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT00195858, September 12, 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S. Alberga
- Department of Health Kinesiology and Applied Physiology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St WSP 165.31 Montreal QC CanadaH4B1R6
| | - Iyoma Y. Edache
- Department of Health Kinesiology and Applied Physiology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St WSP 165.31 Montreal QC CanadaH4B1R6
| | - Ronald J. Sigal
- Departments of Medicine Cardiac Sciences and Community Health Sciences Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology University of Calgary 1820 Richmond Road SWRoom 1898 Calgary AB CanadaT2T 5C7
- Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 725 Parkdale Avenue Ottawa Ontario CanadaON K1Y 4E9
- School of Human Kinetics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa 125 University Montpetit Hall Ottawa ON CanadaK1N 6N5
| | - Kristin M. Ranson
- Department of Psychology University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary AB CanadaT2N 1N4
| | - Shelly Russell‐Mayhew
- Werklund School of Education University of Calgary 2750 University Drive NW Calgary AB CanadaT2N1N4
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 725 Parkdale Avenue Ottawa Ontario CanadaON K1Y 4E9
- School of Human Kinetics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa 125 University Montpetit Hall Ottawa ON CanadaK1N 6N5
| | - Steve Doucette
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology Dalhousie University 5790 University Ave. Room 207 Halifax NS CanadaB3H 1V7
| | - Denis Prud’homme
- Université de Moncton 18avenue Antonine‐MailletNouveau‐Brunswick MonctonE1A 3E9 Canada
| | - Stasia Hadjiyannakis
- Healthy Active Living & Obesity Research Group (HALO) Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute 401 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON CanadaK1H 8L1
| | - Jameason Cameron
- Department of Pharmacy Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario 401 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON CanadaK1H 8L1
| | - Gary S. Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living & Obesity Research Group (HALO) Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute 401 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON CanadaK1H 8L1
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School lunch acceptance in pre-schoolers. Liking of meals, individual meal components and quantification of leftovers for vegetable and fish dishes in a real eating situation in Italy. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2022.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Francis LA, Rollins BY, Keller KL, Nix RL, Savage JS. Profiles of Behavioral Self-Regulation and Appetitive Traits in Preschool Children: Associations With BMI and Food Parenting Practices. Front Nutr 2022; 9:796580. [PMID: 35308281 PMCID: PMC8931462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.796580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Appetitive traits that contribute to appetite self-regulation have been shown to relate to non-food-related regulation in general domains of child development. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify typologies of preschool children's behavioral self-regulation (BSR) and appetitive traits related to appetite self-regulation (ASR), and we examined their relation with children's BMIz and food parenting practices. Participants included 720 children and their parents (90% mothers), drawn from the baseline assessment of a childhood obesity preventive intervention. BSR measures included teacher reports of children's inhibitory control, impulsivity and attentional focusing, as well as an observed measure of inhibitory control. ASR was assessed using parents' reports of children's appetitive traits related to food avoidance (e.g., satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating) and food approach (e.g., enjoyment of food, food responsiveness). Children's body mass index z-score (BMIz) was calculated from measured height and weight. Parents' BMI and food parenting practices were also measured. Four profiles were identified that characterized children with dysregulated behavior, higher food approach and lower food avoidance (16%), dysregulated behavior but lower food approach and higher food avoidance (33%), regulated behavior but highest food approach and lowest food avoidance (16%), and highly-regulated behavior, lowest food approach and highest food avoidance (35%). Children's BMIz was highest in the profile consisting of children with dysregulated behavior, higher food approach and lower food avoidance. BMI was similar in the profile with children with regulated behavior but highest food approach and lowest food avoidance; children in this profile also had parents who reported the highest levels of controlling food parenting practices, and the lowest levels of parental modeling of healthy eating. Compared to all other profiles, children in the profile characterized by highly-regulated behavior, lowest food approach and highest food avoidance had the lowest BMIz and had parents who reported food parenting practices characterized by the highest levels of child control in feeding and the lowest levels of pressure to eat. These findings provide evidence of differing patterns of relations between self-regulation across behavioral and eating domains, and children's obesity risk may vary based on these different patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori A. Francis
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lori A. Francis
| | - Brandi Y. Rollins
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kathleen L. Keller
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Robert L. Nix
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Savage
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Makri R, Katsoulis M, Fotiou A, Kanavou E, Stavrou M, Richardson C, Kanellopoulou A, Orfanos P, Benetou V, Kokkevi A. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Associated Diet-Related Behaviours and Habits in a Representative Sample of Adolescents in Greece. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9010119. [PMID: 35053743 PMCID: PMC8774704 DOI: 10.3390/children9010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Excessive body weight during adolescence represents a significant public health problem worldwide. Identifying factors associated with its development is crucial. We estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a representative sample of 11, 13 and, 15-year-olds living in Greece and explored the association with diet-related behaviours and habits. Self-reported data on weight, height, diet-related behaviours and habits were used from 3816 students (1898 boys, 1918 girls) participants in the Greek arm of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study during 2018. Overweight and obesity were defined using the 2007 WHO growth charts classification. Prevalence of overweight was 19.4% in the total sample, 24.1% for boys and 14.7% for girls, and prevalence of obesity was 5.3% in the total sample, 7.3% for boys and 3.4% for girls, respectively. In the total sample, overweight (including obesity) was positively associated with male gender, low family affluence, skipping breakfast, and being on a diet, and inversely associated with age and being physically active. Eating rarely with the family was positively associated with overweight only among boys and eating snacks/meals in front of screens only among girls. No association was noted for eating in fast-food restaurants, consuming vegetables, fruits, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Makri
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115-27 Athens, Greece; (R.M.); (P.O.)
| | - Michail Katsoulis
- Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London ΝW1 2DA, UK;
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Anastasios Fotiou
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Eleftheria Kanavou
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Myrto Stavrou
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Clive Richardson
- Department of Economic and Regional Development, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, 176-71 Athens, Greece;
| | - Afroditi Kanellopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 451-10 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115-27 Athens, Greece; (R.M.); (P.O.)
| | - Vassiliki Benetou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115-27 Athens, Greece; (R.M.); (P.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-7462074
| | - Anna Kokkevi
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences, & Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis” (UMHRI), 115-27 Athens, Greece; (A.F.); (E.K.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
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Switkowski KM, Aris IM, Gingras V, Oken E, Young JG. Estimated causal effects of complementary feeding behaviors on early childhood diet quality in a US cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:1105-1114. [PMID: 35030237 PMCID: PMC8970996 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary feeding (CF) provides an opportunity to shape children's future dietary habits, setting the foundation for good nutrition and health. OBJECTIVES We estimated effects of 3 CF behaviors on early childhood diet quality using inverse probability (IP) weighting of marginal structural models (MSMs). METHODS Among 1041 children from the Boston-area Project Viva cohort, we estimated effects on the mean Youth Healthy Eating Index (YHEI) score in early childhood of 1) delayed (≥12 mo) compared with early (<12 mo) introduction of sweets and fruit juice; 2) continued compared with ceased offering of initially refused foods; and 3) early (<12 mo) compared with late (≥12 mo) introduction of flavor/texture variety. Mothers reported CF behaviors at 1 y and completed FFQs for children in early childhood (median age: 3.1 y). We estimated average treatment effects (ATEs) using IP weighting of MSMs to adjust for both confounding and selection bias due to censored outcomes and examined effect modification by child sex and breastfeeding compared with formula feeding at 6 mo. RESULTS Twelve percent of mothers delayed introducing sweets/fruit juice, 93% continued offering initially refused foods, and 32% introduced flavor/texture variety early. The mean ± SD YHEI score was 52.8 ± 9.2 points. In adjusted models, we estimated a higher mean YHEI score with delayed (compared with early) sweets and fruit juice among breastfeeding children (ATE: 4.5 points; 95% CI: 1.0, 7.4 points), as well as with continued (compared with ceased) offering of refused foods among females (ATE: 5.4 points; 95% CI: 0.8, 9.1 points). The ATE for early (compared with late) flavor/texture variety was 1.7 points (95% CI: 0.3, 3.2 points) overall and stronger (2.8 points; 95% CI: 0.7, 5.1 points) among the formula-fed group. CONCLUSIONS Delayed introduction of sweets/juice, continued offering of refused foods, and early flavor/texture variety may all result in higher childhood diet quality. Effects may depend on child sex and infant breastfeeding status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Véronique Gingras
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center (CHU), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica G Young
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Fearnbach N, Staiano AE, Johannsen NM, Hsia DS, Beyl RA, Carmichael OT, Martin CK. Predictors of Post-Exercise Energy Intake in Adolescents Ranging in Weight Status from Overweight to Severe Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:223. [PMID: 35011098 PMCID: PMC8747392 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise may sensitize individuals with overweight and obesity to appetitive signals (e.g., hunger and fullness cues), overriding trait eating behaviors that contribute to overeating and obesity, such as uncontrolled eating. The objective of the current study was to measure predictors of objective ad libitum energy intake at a laboratory-based, post-exercise test-meal in adolescents ranging in weight status from overweight to severe obesity. We hypothesized that appetitive states, rather than appetitive traits, would be the strongest predictors of energy intake at a post-exercise test-meal, after controlling for body size. At Baseline, 30 adolescents (ages 10-16 years, 50% female (F), 43% non-Hispanic white (NHW), 83% with obesity (OB)) completed state and trait appetite measures and an ad libitum dinner meal following intensive exercise. Nineteen of those participants (47% F, 32% NHW, 79% OB) completed identical assessments two years later (Year 2). Energy intake (kcal) at each time point was adjusted for fat-free mass index (i.e., body size). Adjusted energy intake was reliable from Baseline to Year 2 (ICC = 0.84). Multiple pre-meal appetite ratings were associated with test-meal energy intake. In stepwise linear regression models, pre-meal prospective food consumption was the strongest and only significant predictor of test-meal energy intake at both Baseline (R2 = 0.25, p = 0.005) and Year 2 (R2 = 0.41, p = 0.003). Baseline post-exercise energy intake was associated with weight change over two years (R2 = 0.24, p = 0.04), but not with change in fat mass (p = 0.11). Appetitive traits were not associated with weight or body composition change (p > 0.22). State appetite cues were the strongest predictors of post-exercise energy intake, independent of body size. Future studies should examine whether long-term exercise programs enhance responsiveness to homeostatic appetite signals in youth with overweight and obesity, with a goal to reduce excess energy intake and risk for weight gain over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Fearnbach
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
| | - Amanda E. Staiano
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
| | - Neil M. Johannsen
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Daniel S. Hsia
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
| | - Robbie A. Beyl
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
| | - Owen T. Carmichael
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
| | - Corby K. Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (N.M.J.); (D.S.H.); (R.A.B.); (O.T.C.); (C.K.M.)
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Mahmood L, González-Gil EM, Schwarz P, Herrmann S, Karaglani E, Cardon G, De Vylder F, Willems R, Makrilakis K, Liatis S, Iotova V, Tsochev K, Tankova T, Rurik I, Radó S, Moreno LA, Manios Y. Frequency of family meals and food consumption in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes: the Feel4Diabetes-study. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:2523-2534. [PMID: 35353229 PMCID: PMC9110493 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A family meal is defined as a meal consumed together by the members of a family or by having ≥ 1 parent present during a meal. The frequency of family meals has been associated with healthier food intake patterns in both children and parents. This study aimed to investigate in families at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes across Europe the association (i) between family meals' frequency and food consumption and diet quality among parents and (ii) between family meals' frequency and children's food consumption. Moreover, the study aimed to elucidate the mediating effect of parental diet quality on the association between family meals' frequency and children's food consumption. Food consumption frequency and anthropometric were collected cross-sectionally from a representative sample of 1964 families from the European Feel4Diabetes-study. Regression and mediation analyses were applied by gender of children. Positive and significant associations were found between the frequency of family meals and parental food consumption (β = 0.84; 95% CI 0.57, 1.45) and diet quality (β = 0.30; 95% CI 0.19, 0.42). For children, more frequent family meals were significantly associated with healthier food consumption (boys, β = 0.172, p < 0.05; girls, β = 0.114, p < 0.01). A partial mediation effect of the parental diet quality was shown on the association between the frequency of family meals and the consumption of some selected food items (i.e., milk products and salty snacks) among boys and girls. The strongest mediation effect of parental diet quality was found on the association between the frequency of family breakfast and the consumption of salty snacks and milk and milk products (62.5% and 37.5%, respectively) among girls. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of family meals is positively associated with improved food consumption patterns (i.e., higher intake of fruits and vegetables and reduced consumption of sweets) in both parents and children. However, the association in children is partially mediated by parents' diet quality. The promotion of consuming meals together in the family could be a potentially effective strategy for interventions aiming to establish and maintain healthy food consumption patterns among children. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Feel4Diabetes-study is registered with the clinical trials registry (NCT02393872), http://clinicaltrials.gov , March 20, 2015. WHAT IS KNOWN • Parents' eating habits and diet quality play an important role in shaping dietary patterns in children • Family meals frequency is associated with improved diet quality of children in healthy population What is New: • Frequency of family meals was significantly associated with healthier food consumption among parents and children in families at high risk of type 2 diabetes in six European countries. • Parental diet quality mediates the association between family meals frequency and the consumption of some selected food items among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Mahmood
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther M. González-Gil
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada. Avda. del Conocimiento S/N, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Schwarz
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Faculty of Medicine, Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany ,grid.452622.5German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD E.V.), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Herrmann
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Karaglani
- grid.15823.3d0000 0004 0622 2843Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Greet Cardon
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Flore De Vylder
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruben Willems
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Konstantinos Makrilakis
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavors Liatis
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Violeta Iotova
- grid.20501.360000 0000 8767 9052Department of Social Medicine and Health Care, Organization Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Kaloyan Tsochev
- grid.20501.360000 0000 8767 9052Department of Social Medicine and Health Care, Organization Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetalina Tankova
- grid.410563.50000 0004 0621 0092Department of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Imre Rurik
- grid.7122.60000 0001 1088 8582Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándorné Radó
- grid.7122.60000 0001 1088 8582Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain ,grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain ,grid.488737.70000000463436020Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yannis Manios
- grid.15823.3d0000 0004 0622 2843Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece ,grid.419879.a0000 0004 0393 8299Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece
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Obesity risk in 10-year-old children, based on attributes observed at 4 years of age, provides evidence on how to target interventions to lower obesity rates in mid-childhood. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:738-744. [DOI: 10.20960/nh.03949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Cooper AJ, Gupta SR, Moustafa AF, Chao AM. Sex/Gender Differences in Obesity Prevalence, Comorbidities, and Treatment. Curr Obes Rep 2021; 10:458-466. [PMID: 34599745 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is a heterogeneous condition, yet sex/gender is rarely considered in the prevention or clinical care of this disease. This review examined and evaluated recent literature regarding the influence of sex and gender on obesity prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment in adults. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity is more prevalent in women than men in most countries, but in some countries and population subgroups, this gap is more pronounced. Several obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes and hypertension, demonstrate sex-specific pathways. Women, compared to men, are more likely to be diagnosed with obesity and seek and obtain all types of obesity treatment including behavioral, pharmacological, and bariatric surgery. Men tend to have greater absolute weight loss, but this difference is attenuated once accounting for baseline weight. Obesity is a multifactorial condition with complex interactions among sex/gender, sociocultural, environmental, and physiological factors. More sex/gender research is needed to investigate mechanisms underlying sex/gender differences in prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment, identify ways to increase men's interest and participation in obesity treatment, and examine differences in obesity prevalence and treatments for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Cooper
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sapana R Gupta
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ariana M Chao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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40
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Knebusch V, Williams J, Yordi Aguirre I, Weber MW, Rakovac I, Breda J. Effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the policy response on childhood obesity risk factors: Gender and sex differences and recommendations for research. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 6:e13222. [PMID: 34184392 PMCID: PMC8420308 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a public health concern globally, with generally higher prevalence rates in boys compared to girls. Although biological sex is an important determinant, gender roles and norms influence the exposure and vulnerability to risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. Norms and roles might be reinforced or change due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related measures as well as the exposure to risk factors for childhood obesity. COVID-19 related changes, such as home confinement, influence a child's risk of obesity. Using Dahlgren and Whitehead's model of the main determinants of health, this paper aims to provide a roadmap for future research on sex, gender, and childhood obesity during the time of COVID-19. It examines how COVID-19 has led to important changes in children's general socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions, social and community networks, and individual lifestyle factors and how these may affect a child's risk for obesity. It focuses on the influence of gender and sex and outlines key considerations and indicators to examine in future studies concerned with promoting health and gender equity and equality. We need to understand the differential impact of COVID-19 related measures on girls' and boys' risk for obesity to adequately react with preventive measures, policies, and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Knebusch
- Gender and Human Rights, WHO European Office for Investment for Health and Development, Venice, Italy
| | - Julianne Williams
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Isabel Yordi Aguirre
- Gender and Human Rights, WHO European Office for Investment for Health and Development, Venice, Italy
| | - Martin W Weber
- World Health Organization (WHO) Child and Adolescent Health and Development, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
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41
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Self-regulatory processes in early childhood as predictors of Hispanic children's BMI z-scores during the elementary school years: Differences by acculturation and gender. Appetite 2021; 168:105778. [PMID: 34715245 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, longitudinal research has shown that children's general, top-down self-regulation during early childhood is negatively associated with children's weight status in elementary school. The samples in these previous studies have been primarily White, and no study to date has examined this issue in a sample of Hispanic children from low-income families-a population at high risk for childhood obesity. The present study followed 130 Hispanic children over a time period of three to just under five years, examining the degree to which multiple measures of general, top-down self-regulation, along with a measure of appetite regulation (eating in the absence of hunger), predicted children's BMI z-scores in the early elementary school years. Results showed that children's ability to delay gratification in the preschool years was negatively associated with later BMI z-scores and that children's eating in the absence of hunger was positively associated. In separate models by gender, these relationships were significant only for girls. Moreover, analyses run separately for children of mothers low or high on acculturation showed that the relationship between delay of gratification and later BMI z-scores was significant only for children whose mothers were low on acculturation. Possible socialization and environmental factors contributing to these findings are considered.
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42
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Bertrand V, Tiburce L, Sabatier T, Dufour D, Déchelotte P, Tavolacci MP. Eater profile and associated factors in pediatric patients of the PEDIANUT cohort. Appetite 2021; 168:105763. [PMID: 34687824 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Appetite traits have multifactorial origins. In association with environmental and genetic factors, they could become problematic and lead to Feeding or Eating Disorders (FED). As the DSM-5 classification is not suitable for pediatric FED, another way to describe eating behavior is to distinguish the clinical profiles of "small eater" and "big eater". The aim of this study was to identify socio-demographic and medical factors associated with these profiles, and to compare problematic and non-problematic profiles. From the Pedianut study, we analyzed socio-demographic, medical and family history data among 401 children according to 4 age groups (<1 year n = 101, 1-6 years n = 99, 6-12 years n = 100, 12-18 years n = 101). The information collected on eating behavior made it possible to define small eater profile (SEP) and big eater profile (BEP) using predefined grids. BEP was more frequent in adolescents (35.6%), and SEP was more frequent in children aged 1-6 years (34.3%). BEP was associated with having separated parents, being male and the oldest sibling (p < 0.05). Problematic BEP was associated with eating while watching television, being a girl, and having sensory disorders (p < 0.05). SEP was associated, whatever age, with non-breastfeeding, chronic illness, psychological history, sensory disorders, language delays (in the 1-6 year age group), and family history of FED (in the adolescent group) (p < 0.05). This analysis of factors associated with eater profile opens new perspectives for research on risk factors associated with eating traits, which warrants further study in larger populations to delineate transition from healthy to problematic eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Bertrand
- Pediatric unit, Le Havre Hospital, BP 24, 76083, Le Havre cedex, France; INSERM U1073, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, Rouen, France.
| | - Lyvia Tiburce
- Pediatric unit, Le Havre Hospital, BP 24, 76083, Le Havre cedex, France
| | | | - Damien Dufour
- Pediatric emergency care, Le Havre Hospital, BP 24, 76083, Le Havre cedex, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; INSERM U1073, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Tavolacci
- CIC 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; INSERM U1073, UNIROUEN, Normandie University, Rouen, France
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43
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Coakley KE, Lardier DT, Le H, Wilks A. Food approach and avoidance appetitive traits in university students: A latent profile analysis. Appetite 2021; 168:105667. [PMID: 34464657 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Eating behaviors are influenced by many factors including appetitive traits. Few studies have utilized latent profile analysis (LPA) to examine food approach and food avoidance appetitive traits. This study utilized LPA to define cluster profile groups based on appetitive traits in undergraduate and graduate/professional students at a large University in the southwest United States. Students completed a cross-sectional online survey in fall 2020 assessing demographic information, appetitive traits via the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ), and anxiety via the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7; higher scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms). Appetitive traits were combined into eight scales (four food approach and four food avoidance traits). Latent profile analyses were conducted to identify homogenous subgroups of participants based on AEBQ scale scores. The final sample included 1243 students (mean age = 26.5 years, 73% female, 59% White, 57% undergraduates). LPA revealed four cluster profile groups: Cluster 1 (moderate eaters: lower than mean scores for food approach and avoidance traits), Cluster 2 (food seekers and avoiders: higher than mean scores for food approach and avoidance traits), Cluster 3 (food seekers: higher than mean scores for food approach traits), and Cluster 4 (food avoiders: higher than mean scores for food avoidance traits). Distribution of age, gender, race/ethnicity, and student status differed significantly between clusters. GAD-7 score was highest in Cluster 2 (food seekers and avoiders) and lowest in Cluster 1 (moderate eaters). Among the four LPA-defined cluster profile groups, students who endorsed both food approach and avoidance traits reported more severe anxiety symptoms compared to moderate eaters, food seekers, and food avoiders. It is useful to consider clusters of appetitive traits instead of individual appetitive traits when examining associations with physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Coakley
- College of Education & Human Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
| | - David T Lardier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Huyen Le
- College of Education & Human Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Aspen Wilks
- College of Education & Human Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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44
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Broad J, Forbes L, Darlington G, Ma DWL, Haines J. Child involvement in meal preparation and grocery shopping is associated with lower levels of food fussiness among young children. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:1559-1562. [PMID: 34432990 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined associations between child food involvement and food fussiness. Analyses used survey data from 62 children ages 1.5 to 5.9 years who participated in the Guelph Family Health Study Pilot. Overall involvement (β = -0.51, p = 0.02), involvement in meal preparation (β = -0.42, p = 0.009), and involvement in grocery shopping (β = -0.29, p = 0.04) were inversely associated with food fussiness. Experimental research including larger, more diverse samples is needed to test whether food involvement reduces food fussiness among young children. Novelty: Our study identified significant, inverse associations between child food involvement and food fussiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Broad
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Laura Forbes
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Gerarda Darlington
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - David W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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45
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Hyczko AV, Ruggiero CF, Hohman EE, Anzman-Frasca S, Savage JS, Birch LL, Paul IM. Sex Differences in Maternal Restrictive Feeding Practices in the Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories Study. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:1070-1076. [PMID: 34020105 PMCID: PMC8349795 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories tested an early life responsive parenting (RP) intervention designed for obesity prevention. Body mass index z-score at age 3 years was lower for the RP group versus controls with a larger effect for girls than boys. We sought to determine if child sex was associated with differing maternal feeding practices and whether sex moderated intervention effects on feeding. DESIGN/METHODS Mothers (N = 279) completed the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire (IFSQ) at 28 weeks, the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) at 1, 2, and 3 years, and the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) at 3 years. Study aims were tested using 2-way analysis of variance and repeated measures. RESULTS Mothers reported greater restriction (limiting food quantity) for boys at 28 weeks (IFSQ: 3.0 ± 1.1 vs 2.8 ± 1.0, P = .07) and across annual measurements from age 1 to 3 years (SCPF: P = .04). At age 3, the intervention group effect on restriction differed by sex (CFQ: P = .047) such that higher restriction was reported by RP group mothers of boys versus girls (3.4 ± 0.7 vs 3.0 ± 0.9, P = .002) with no control group sex difference (3.4 ± 0.8 vs 3.3 ± 0.9, P = .79). There were no sex differences or sex by intervention group interactions in other reported feeding practices at any assessment (ie, structure-based feeding, pressure). CONCLUSIONS Mothers of boys used more restrictive feeding through age 3. These findings may be partially explained by previously reported better self-soothing and self-regulation abilities of participating girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis V. Hyczko
- Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Dr., Hershey, PA, USA 17033
| | - Cara F. Ruggiero
- Penn State University, Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, University Park, PA, USA 16802
| | - Emily E. Hohman
- Penn State University, Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, University Park, PA, USA 16802
| | - Stephanie Anzman-Frasca
- University at Buffalo, Department of Pediatrics, G56 Farber Hall, South Campus, Buffalo, NY, USA 14214-8001
| | - Jennifer S. Savage
- Penn State University, Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, University Park, PA, USA 16802
| | - Leann L. Birch
- University of Georgia, Department of Foods and Nutrition, 176 Dawson Hall, Athens, GA, USA 30602-3632
| | - Ian M. Paul
- Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Dr., Hershey, PA, USA 17033,Departments of Pediatrics & Public Health Sciences, 500 University Dr., Hershey, PA, USA 17033
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Associations between Infant Dietary Intakes and Liking for Sweetness and Fattiness Sensations in 8-to-12-Year-Old Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082659. [PMID: 34444818 PMCID: PMC8399911 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An exposure to sweetened and fatty foods early in life may be involved in high liking later in life. The objective is to investigate the association between dietary exposure to carbohydrate, sugars and fat in infancy, with liking for sweetness, fattiness and fattiness-and-sweetness sensations at 8-to-12-year-old. Analyses were conducted on 759 French children from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Carbohydrate, sugar or fat intake, being a consumer of added sugars or added fats were assessed at 8 and 12 months using 3-day food records. The liking score (0–10) for the different sensations was assessed through an online child-completed questionnaire. Associations were tested by linear regressions adjusted for main confounders and the interaction with sex was tested. None of the early dietary exposure variables was related to fattiness liking. Carbohydrate intake at 8 months was positively but weakly associated with liking for sweetness-and-fattiness. In girls only, carbohydrate intake at 12 months was positively associated with liking for sweetness. Globally, no marked associations were observed between infant dietary exposure to sweet and fat and liking for sweetness and fattiness in young children. The positive link in girls between early carbohydrate exposure and later liking for sweetness needs to be confirmed in further studies.
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47
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Children's inhibitory control abilities in the presence of rewards are related to weight status and eating in the absence of hunger. Appetite 2021; 167:105610. [PMID: 34324909 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Reflective-Impulsive Dual Processes Model suggests that overeating occurs when the temptation to consume food overrides inhibitory control processes. However, how rewards interact with inhibitory control and their relation to children's weight status and food intake is not understood. Here, 7-to-11-year-old children (n = 66; 32 overweight/obese) completed two versions (baseline [i.e., non-reward incentivized/control] and reward incentivized [food, money, no reward]) of a Go/Nogo task. Intake of palatable foods in the absence of hunger (i.e., eating in the absence of hunger-EAH) was measured following a standardized meal. A drift diffusion model was used to characterize children's performance parameters on the Go/Nogo. On the baseline Go/Nogo, children with higher weight status responded more cautiously, but on reward trials for food/money children were more cautions and made more false alarms relative to the no reward condition. Energy intake during EAH positively correlated with FA errors for food and money vs. no reward, but sex moderated this effect such that FA positively associated with EAH in girls but not boys. Independent of sex, FA for money vs. no reward and food vs. money were both positively associated with energy consumed during EAH. These results suggest that the presence of food and money rewards impair inhibitory control processing, especially in children with higher weight status. Further, increased inhibitory control impairment in response to food rewards, specifically, may be a risk factor for disinhibited eating in girls. Though preliminary, results may be useful in the development of targeted treatments to help moderate excess consumption in children.
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48
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"More Than Buying Extra Fruits and Veggies, Please Hide the Fats and Sugars": Children's Diet Latent Profiles and Family-Related Factors. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072403. [PMID: 34371913 PMCID: PMC8308907 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting children’s healthy diets is a key public health priority. Family can play a relevant role in children’s eating patterns. The goals of the current research were to identify different latent diet profiles in children based on their food consumption and to assess the relationship between profiles and family-related factors. A total of 678 school-aged children from the fifth and sixth grades participated. The study design was cross-sectional and questionnaire based. Research assessed healthy (fruit and vegetables) and unhealthy (fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages, and candies) food consumption and family-related factors. A latent profile analysis and multivariate data analysis were developed. Four diet profiles were identified: Combined Diet, Mainly Healthy Diet, Mainly Unhealthy Diet, and Very Unhealthy Diet. Nearly half of the children (45.22%) showed a Combined Diet profile, meaning that they reported eating nearly the same amount of healthy and unhealthy types of foods. Associations between the diet profiles, family income, and food availability were found. For example, the Mainly Healthy Diet profile was statistically associated with a higher family income and less access to unhealthy foods. The present study reinforces the idea that profiling diets can allow for a tailored healthy eating intervention model according to the specific needs of each diet profile.
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Chaparro MP, Anderson CE. Differences in Early Childhood Dietary Behaviors by Infant Feeding Type and Sex. J Nutr 2021; 151:2001-2009. [PMID: 33847341 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type of infant feeding has been linked to later nutritional outcomes, including dietary diversity and obesity in childhood. Little is known about how introduction to complementary feeding and diet quality in early childhood vary by infant feeding type and sex. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate whether early childhood dietary patterns vary by infant feeding type and sex. METHODS Data from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Infants and Toddler Feeding Practices Study 2 (ITFPS-2) was used, including children with complete information on the WIC infant food package received at ages 1, 7, and 11 mo (N = 2839). Based on this information, children were grouped as fully breastfed, mostly breastfed, mostly formula fed, and fully formula fed. Outcomes include introduction of complementary foods; caloric intake aged between 1 and 36 mo; and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 between 13 and 36 mo. Mixed models were used adjusting for child's, mother's, and family's sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Across all infant feeding groups, the mean age of introduction to any solids was before the age of 6 mo; fully breastfed children were introduced to complementary foods closer to the recommended age (mean 5.1-5.2 mo) compared with other feeding groups (mean 4.6-4.8 mo). Fully formula fed infants consumed significantly more energy than fully breastfed infants at ages 1 mo (boys = 55 kcal/d, girls = 47 kcal/d), 12 mo (boys = 68 kcal/d, girls = 59 kcal/d), 24 mo (boys = 81 kcal/d, girls = 71 kcal/d), and 36 mo (boys = 95 kcal/d, girls = 83 kcal/d). No meaningful differences were observed for HEI-2015 between infant feeding groups or child sex, with average scores of HEI-2015 for all children being 61-63 out of 100. CONCLUSION Early childhood dietary patterns were slightly better among children who were fully breastfed as infants, compared with children in other infant feeding groups. The diets of all WIC-participating children could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pia Chaparro
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christopher E Anderson
- Division of Research and Evaluation, Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, Irwindale, CA, USA
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Tan CC, Riley HO, Sturza J, Lumeng JC, Miller AL. Observed behavioral indicators of child satiation at mealtime: Associations with child characteristics and parent-reported child eating behaviors. Appetite 2021; 166:105480. [PMID: 34171410 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The notion of promoting parents' recognition of child satiation to reduce overfeeding and overeating in children is prevalent. To do so, it is important to identify common behaviors that may indicate satiation and can be easily recognized by parents. Relatively little work has focused on identifying behaviors that may indicate child satiation as they occur during naturalistic mealtimes, which is an important context for parents to observe their children's eating behavior. Hence, the goal of the current study is to examine whether observed behavioral indicators of child satiation at mealtimes are associated with child characteristics (i.e., sex, age, and BMIz) and parent-reported child appetitive traits. We coded observed behaviors thought to indicate satiation, specifically mealtime disengagement and mealtime negativity, in a cohort of 240 families with children between 4- and 8-years old (53% boys). First, we documented the occurrence of child disengagement and negativity during naturalistic mealtimes. Second, we found that lower child BMIz and being a boy were associated with greater mealtime disengagement, but child age was not associated with mealtime disengagement. No associations were found between child characteristics and mealtime negativity. Third, we found that mealtime disengagement and mealtime negativity were associated with mother-reported satiety responsiveness on the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Taken together, our findings suggest observed mealtime disengagement and mealtime negativity behaviors could be helpful indicators of child satiation in a naturalistic mealtime context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cin Cin Tan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA.
| | - Hurley O Riley
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Julie Sturza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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