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Sharma V, Sharma DP, Salwan R. Surviving the stress: Understanding the molecular basis of plant adaptations and uncovering the role of mycorrhizal association in plant abiotic stresses. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106772. [PMID: 38969183 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stresses severely impair plant growth, resulting in significant crop yield and quality loss. Among various abiotic factors, salt and drought stresses are one of the major factors that affect the nutrients and water uptake by the plants, hence ultimately various physiological aspects of the plants that compromises crop yield. Continuous efforts have been made to investigate, dissect and improve plant adaptations at the molecular level in response to drought and salinity stresses. In this context, the plant beneficial microbiome presents in the rhizosphere, endosphere, and phyllosphere, also referred as second genomes of the plant is well known for its roles in plant adaptations. Exploration of beneficial interaction of fungi with host plants known as mycorrhizal association is one such special interaction that can facilitates the host plants adaptations. Mycorrhiza assist in alleviating the salinity and drought stresses of plants via redistributing the ion imbalance through translocation to different parts of the plants, as well as triggering oxidative machinery. Mycorrhiza association also regulates the level of various plant growth regulators, osmolytes and assists in acquiring minerals that are helpful in plant's adaptation against extreme environmental stresses. The current review examines the role of various plant growth regulators and plants' antioxidative systems, followed by mycorrhizal association during drought and salt stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Sharma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali PB 140413, India.
| | - D P Sharma
- College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, H.P 177 001, India
| | - Richa Salwan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, H.P 177 001, India.
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Lubyanova A, Allagulova C. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Affects the Redox System of Wheat Roots Differentially Regulating the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes under Short-Time Osmotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1895. [PMID: 39065422 PMCID: PMC11280031 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional signalling molecule involved in the regulation of plant ontogenesis and adaptation to different adverse environmental factors, in particular to osmotic stress. Understanding NO-induced plant protection is important for the improvement of plant stress tolerance and crop productivity under global climate changes. The root system is crucial for plant survival in a changeable environment. Damages that it experiences under water deficit conditions during the initial developmental periods seriously affect the viability of the plants. This work was devoted to the comparative analysis of the pretreatment of wheat seedlings through the root system with NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) for 24 h on various parameters of redox homeostasis under exposure to osmotic stress (PEG 6000, 12%) over 0.5-24 h. The active and exhausted solutions of SNP, termed as (SNP/+NO) and (SNP/-NO), respectively, were used in this work at a concentration of 2 × 10-4 M. Using biochemistry and light microscopy methods, it has been revealed that osmotic stress caused oxidative damages and the disruption of membrane cell structures in wheat roots. PEG exposure increased the production of superoxide (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the levels of electrolyte leakage (EL) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Stress treatment enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), the excretion of proline, and the rate of cell death and inhibited their division. Pretreatment with (SNP/+NO) decreased PEG-induced root damages by differently regulating the antioxidant enzymes under stress conditions. Thus, (SNP/+NO) pretreatment led to SOD, APX, and CAT inhibition during the first 4 h of stress and stimulated their activity after 24 h of PEG exposure when compared to SNP-untreated or (SNP/-NO)-pretreated and stress-subjected plants. Osmotic stress triggered the intense excretion of proline by roots into the external medium. Pretreatment with (SNP/+NO) in contrast with (SNP/-NO) additionally increased stress-induced proline excretion. Our results indicate that NO is able to mitigate the destructive effects of osmotic stress on the roots of wheat seedlings. However, the mechanisms of NO protective action may be different at certain periods of stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsu Lubyanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Oktyabrya 71, lit.1e, 450054 Ufa, Russia;
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Mukherjee S, Corpas FJ. H 2 O 2 , NO, and H 2 S networks during root development and signalling under physiological and challenging environments: Beneficial or toxic? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:688-717. [PMID: 36583401 PMCID: PMC10108057 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a key modulator of the development and architecture of the root system under physiological and adverse environmental conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) also exert myriad functions on plant development and signalling. Accumulating pieces of evidence show that depending upon the dose and mode of applications, NO and H2 S can have synergistic or antagonistic actions in mediating H2 O2 signalling during root development. Thus, H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk might essentially impart tolerance to elude oxidative stress in roots. Growth and proliferation of root apex involve crucial orchestration of NO and H2 S-mediated ROS signalling which also comprise other components including mitogen-activated protein kinase, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), and Ca2+ flux. This assessment provides a comprehensive update on the cooperative roles of NO and H2 S in modulating H2 O2 homoeostasis during root development, abiotic stress tolerance, and root-microbe interaction. Furthermore, it also analyses the scopes of some fascinating future investigations associated with strigolactone and karrikins concerning H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur CollegeUniversity of KalyaniWest BengalIndia
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signalling in PlantsEstación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC)GranadaSpain
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Kenesi E, Kolbert Z, Kaszler N, Klement É, Ménesi D, Molnár Á, Valkai I, Feigl G, Rigó G, Cséplő Á, Lindermayr C, Fehér A. The ROP2 GTPase Participates in Nitric Oxide (NO)-Induced Root Shortening in Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:750. [PMID: 36840099 PMCID: PMC9964108 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a versatile signal molecule that mediates environmental and hormonal signals orchestrating plant development. NO may act via reversible S-nitrosation of proteins during which an NO moiety is added to a cysteine thiol to form an S-nitrosothiol. In plants, several proteins implicated in hormonal signaling have been reported to undergo S-nitrosation. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis ROP2 GTPase is a further potential target of NO-mediated regulation. The ROP2 GTPase was found to be required for the root shortening effect of NO. NO inhibits primary root growth by altering the abundance and distribution of the PIN1 auxin efflux carrier protein and lowering the accumulation of auxin in the root meristem. In rop2-1 insertion mutants, however, wild-type-like root size of the NO-treated roots were maintained in agreement with wild-type-like PIN1 abundance in the meristem. The ROP2 GTPase was shown to be S-nitrosated in vitro, suggesting that NO might directly regulate the GTPase. The potential mechanisms of NO-mediated ROP2 GTPase regulation and ROP2-mediated NO signaling in the primary root meristem are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Kenesi
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Kaszler
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Klement
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Single Cell Omics ACF, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dalma Ménesi
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Valkai
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rigó
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Cséplő
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christian Lindermayr
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Attila Fehér
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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González-Gordo S, Palma JM, Corpas FJ. Small Heat Shock Protein ( sHSP) Gene Family from Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits: Involvement in Ripening and Modulation by Nitric Oxide (NO). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:389. [PMID: 36679102 PMCID: PMC9861568 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are usually upregulated in plants under diverse environmental stresses. These proteins have been suggested to function as molecular chaperones to safeguard other proteins from stress-induced damage. The ripening of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit involves important phenotypic, physiological, and biochemical changes, which have associated endogenous physiological nitro-oxidative stress, but they can also be significantly affected by environmental conditions, such as temperature. Based on the available pepper genome, a total of 41 sHSP genes were identified in this work, and their distributions in the 12 pepper chromosomes were determined. Among these genes, only 19 sHSP genes were found in the transcriptome (RNA-Seq) of sweet pepper fruits reported previously. This study aims to analyze how these 19 sHSP genes present in the transcriptome of sweet pepper fruits are modulated during ripening and after treatment of fruits with nitric oxide (NO) gas. The time-course expression analysis of these genes during fruit ripening showed that 6 genes were upregulated; another 7 genes were downregulated, whereas 6 genes were not significantly affected. Furthermore, NO treatment triggered the upregulation of 7 sHSP genes and the downregulation of 3 sHSP genes, whereas 9 genes were unchanged. These data indicate the diversification of sHSP genes in pepper plants and, considering that sHSPs are important in stress tolerance, the observed changes in sHSP expression support that pepper fruit ripening has an associated process of physiological nitro-oxidative stress, such as it was previously proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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Zulfiqar F, Nafees M, Chen J, Darras A, Ferrante A, Hancock JT, Ashraf M, Zaid A, Latif N, Corpas FJ, Altaf MA, Siddique KHM. Chemical priming enhances plant tolerance to salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946922. [PMID: 36160964 PMCID: PMC9490053 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely limits the productivity of crop plants worldwide and its detrimental effects are aggravated by climate change. Due to a significant world population growth, agriculture has expanded to marginal and salinized regions, which usually render low crop yield. In this context, finding methods and strategies to improve plant tolerance against salt stress is of utmost importance to fulfill food security challenges under the scenario of the ever-increasing human population. Plant priming, at different stages of plant development, such as seed or seedling, has gained significant attention for its marked implication in crop salt-stress management. It is a promising field relying on the applications of specific chemical agents which could effectively improve plant salt-stress tolerance. Currently, a variety of chemicals, both inorganic and organic, which can efficiently promote plant growth and crop yield are available in the market. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the promising roles of diverse molecules/compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), molecular hydrogen, nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), melatonin, chitosan, silicon, ascorbic acid (AsA), tocopherols, and trehalose (Tre) as potential primers that enhance the salinity tolerance of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Anastasios Darras
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - John T. Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nadeem Latif
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture Group, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Rai P, Pratap Singh V, Sharma S, Tripathi DK, Sharma S. Iron oxide nanoparticles impart cross tolerance to arsenate stress in rice roots through involvement of nitric oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119320. [PMID: 35490999 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growth and development patterns of crop plants are being seriously threatened by arsenic (As) contamination in the soil, and it also acts as a major hurdle in crop productivity. This study focuses on arsenate As(V) mediated toxicity in rice plants. Further, among the different type of NPs, iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) display a dose-dependent effect but their potential role in mitigating As(V) stress is still elusive. FeO NPs (500 μM) play a role in imparting cross-tolerance against As(V) induced toxicity in rice. Growth attributes, photosynthetic performance, nutrient contents and biochemical parameters were significantly altered by As(V). But FeO NPs rescued the negative consequences of As(V) by restricting its entry with the possible involvement of NO in rice roots. Moreover, results related with gene expression of NO(OsNoA1 and OsNIA1) and proline metabolism were greatly inhibited by As(V) toxicity. But, FeO NPs reversed the toxic effect of As(V) by improving proline metabolism and stimulating NO mediated up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes particularly glutathione-S-transferase which may be possible reasons for the reduction of As(V) toxicity in rice roots. Overall, it can be stated that FeO NPs may act as an As(V) barrier to restrict the As(V) uptake by roots and have the ability to confer cross tolerance by modulating various morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics with possible intrinsic involvement of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, UP, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Samarth Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, UP, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, UP, India.
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Hassan MU, Mahmood A, Awan MI, Maqbool R, Aamer M, Alhaithloul HAS, Huang G, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Pandey S, El Sabagh A, Qari SH. Melatonin-Induced Protection Against Plant Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:902694. [PMID: 35755707 PMCID: PMC9218792 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. The plant produces different osmolytes and hormones to combat the harmful effects of these abiotic stresses. Melatonin (MT) is a plant hormone that possesses excellent properties to improve plant performance under different abiotic stresses. It is associated with improved physiological and molecular processes linked with seed germination, growth and development, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and plant defence against other abiotic stresses. In parallel, MT also increased the accumulation of multiple osmolytes, sugars and endogenous hormones (auxin, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins) to mediate resistance to stress. Stress condition in plants often produces reactive oxygen species. MT has excellent antioxidant properties and substantially scavenges reactive oxygen species by increasing the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under stress conditions. Moreover, the upregulation of stress-responsive and antioxidant enzyme genes makes it an excellent stress-inducing molecule. However, MT produced in plants is not sufficient to induce stress tolerance. Therefore, the development of transgenic plants with improved MT biosynthesis could be a promising approach to enhancing stress tolerance. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible role of MT in the induction of various abiotic stresses in plants. We further discussed MT biosynthesis and the critical role of MT as a potential antioxidant for improving abiotic stress tolerance. In addition, we also addressed MT biosynthesis and shed light on future research directions. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MT in a changing environment and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Masood Iqbal Awan
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Maqbool
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Guoqin Huang
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Liu Y, Jiang Z, Ye Y, Wang D, Jin S. Enhanced Salt Tolerance of Torreya grandis Genders Is Related to Nitric Oxide Level and Antioxidant Capacity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:906071. [PMID: 35646003 PMCID: PMC9135447 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a bioactive molecule, is often involved in the regulation of physiological and biochemical processes in stressed plants. However, the effects of NO donors on dioecious plants remain unclear. Using a pot experiment, female and male Torreya grandis were used to study the role of sex and NO in salt stress tolerance. In the present study, female and male T. grandis seedlings pretreated with an NO donor (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) were exposed to salt stress, and then leaf relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, NO and glutathione levels, oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated. Female T. grandis plants had better tolerance to salinity, as they were characterized by significantly higher RWC, pigment content, and photochemical activities of photosystem II (PSII) and fewer negative effects associated with higher nitrate reductase (NR) activity and NO content. Pretreatment with an NO donor further increased the endogenous NO content and NR activity of both female and male T. grandis plants compared with salt treatment. Moreover, pretreatment with an NO donor alleviated salt-induced oxidative damage of T. grandis, especially in male plants, as indicated by reduced lipid peroxidation, through an enhanced antioxidant system, including proline and glutathione accumulation, and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. However, the ameliorating effect of the NO donor was not effective in the presence of the NO scavenger (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-name). In conclusion, enhanced salt tolerance in T. grandis plants is related to nitric oxide levels and the supply of NO donors is an interesting strategy for alleviating the negative effect of salt on T. grandis. Our data provide new evidence to contribute to the current understanding of NO-induced salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoke Jiang
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China
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Liu Y, Yuan Y, Jiang Z, Jin S. Nitric Oxide Improves Salt Tolerance of Cyclocarya paliurus by Regulating Endogenous Glutathione Level and Antioxidant Capacity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1157. [PMID: 35567158 PMCID: PMC9104720 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus is commonly used to treat diabetes in China. However, the natural habitats of C. paliurus are typically affected by salt stress. Previous studies showed that nitric oxide (NO) level was related to salt tolerance of C. paliurus, and its synthesis was induced by exogenous hydrogen sulfide. However, the effects of different NO donors in alleviating the negative effect of salt stress are still unclear. In the present study, C. paliurus seedlings pretreated with three NO donors (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, SNAP and S-nitrosoglutathione, GSNO and sodium nitroprusside, SNP) were exposed to salt stress, and then, the total biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, NO and glutathione levels, oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated. The results showed that pretreatment of NO donors maintained chlorophyll fluorescence and attenuated the loss of plant biomass under salt stress, and the best performance was observed in C. paliurus under SNP treatment. We also found that pretreatment of NO donors further increased the endogenous NO content and nitrate reductase (NR) activity compared with salt treatment. Moreover, pretreatment with NO donors, especially SNP, alleviated salt-induced oxidative damage, as indicated by lowered lipid peroxidation, through an enhanced antioxidant system including glutathione accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. The supply of NO donors is an interesting strategy for alleviating the negative effect of salt on C. paliurus. Our data provide new evidence contributing to the current understanding of NO-induced salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.J.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yichao Yuan
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zhuoke Jiang
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.J.)
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.J.)
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Gupta A, Mishra R, Rai S, Bano A, Pathak N, Fujita M, Kumar M, Hasanuzzaman M. Mechanistic Insights of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Mediated Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants for Sustainable Agriculture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3741. [PMID: 35409104 PMCID: PMC8998651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change has devastating effects on plant growth and yield. During ontogenesis, plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity, affecting the crop loss (20-50%) and making them vulnerable in terms of survival. These stresses lead to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage nucleic acid, proteins, and lipids. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have remarkable capabilities in combating drought and salinity stress and improving plant growth, which enhances the crop productivity and contributes to food security. PGPB inoculation under abiotic stresses promotes plant growth through several modes of actions, such as the production of phytohormones, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, exopolysaccharide, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, extracellular polymeric substances, volatile organic compounds, modulate antioxidants defense machinery, and abscisic acid, thereby preventing oxidative stress. These bacteria also provide osmotic balance; maintain ion homeostasis; and induce drought and salt-responsive genes, metabolic reprogramming, provide transcriptional changes in ion transporter genes, etc. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the effects of PGPB on drought and salinity stress to mitigate its detrimental effects. Furthermore, we also discuss the mechanistic insights of PGPB towards drought and salinity stress tolerance for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Gupta
- IIRC-3, Plant–Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.G.); (S.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Richa Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Smita Rai
- IIRC-3, Plant–Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.G.); (S.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Ambreen Bano
- IIRC-3, Plant–Microbe Interaction and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.G.); (S.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Neelam Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India; (R.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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Kharbech O, Sakouhi L, Mahjoubi Y, Ben Massoud M, Debez A, Zribi OT, Djebali W, Chaoui A, Mur LAJ. Nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside modulates hydrogen sulfide metabolism and cysteine homeostasis to aid the alleviation of chromium toxicity in maize seedlings (Zea mays L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127302. [PMID: 34583165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The current research aimed to assess the protective role of nitric oxide (NO) against chromium (Cr) toxicity in maize seedlings. Chromium (200 µM) lowered osmotic potential in epicotyls and mostly in radicles (by 38% and 63%, respectively) as compared to the control. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) restored seedling biomass (+90% for both organs) and water potential, whereas application of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, a NOS inhibitor) increased sensitivity to Cr. SNP suppressed Cr-triggered proline accumulation by inhibiting Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity and stimulating proline dehydrogenase activity, leading to glutamate over-accumulation (~30% for both organs). Cr stimulated cysteine metabolism and this was further enhanced by SNP which stimulated serine acetyl-transferase and O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase activities. This was followed by an increase in endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) generation by up-regulating L-cysteine desulfhydrase (+205%), D-cysteine desulfhydrase (+150%) and cyanoalanine synthase (+65%) activities in radicles compared to Cr-treatments plants. These positive effects were reduced in L-NAME compared to control. Combined Cr+SNP affected the levels of compounds involved in glutathione metabolism (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl, γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-clycine, γ-cysteinyl-glycine, and glycine.). All together, our findings indicate that NO and elicited cellular H2S act synergistically to alleviate Cr stress in maize seedlings by influencing a metabolic interplay between cysteine, proline, and glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Kharbech
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia; Aberystwyth University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, SY23 2DA, Aberystwyth, Wales, UK.
| | - Lamia Sakouhi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Yethreb Mahjoubi
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Ben Massoud
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia; School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland T23 N73K, Ireland
| | - Ahmed Debez
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Ons Talbi Zribi
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Wahbi Djebali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Abdelilah Chaoui
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR18ES38 Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Luis Alejandro Jose Mur
- Aberystwyth University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, SY23 2DA, Aberystwyth, Wales, UK
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Li H, Chen H, Chen L, Wang C. The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plant Roots during Development and in Response to Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031024. [PMID: 35162947 PMCID: PMC8835357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is regarded as a “New Warrior” for managing plant stress. It also plays an important role in plant growth and development. The regulation of root system architecture (RSA) by H2S has been widely recognized. Plants are dependent on the RSA to meet their water and nutritional requirements. They are also partially dependent on the RSA for adapting to environment change. Therefore, a good understanding of how H2S affects the RSA could lead to improvements in both crop function and resistance to environmental change. In this review, we summarized the regulating effects of H2S on the RSA in terms of primary root growth, lateral and adventitious root formation, root hair development, and the formation of nodules. We also discussed the genes involved in the regulation of the RSA by H2S, and the relationships with other signal pathways. In addition, we discussed how H2S regulates root growth in response to abiotic stress. This review could provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of H2S in roots during development and under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (L.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Hongyu Chen
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Lulu Chen
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University,
Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.W.)
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14
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Exogenous Nitric Oxide Reinforces Photosynthetic Efficiency, Osmolyte, Mineral Uptake, Antioxidant, Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes and Ameliorates the Effects of Salinity Stress in Wheat. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081693. [PMID: 34451738 PMCID: PMC8400961 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major environmental constraints responsible for a reduction in agricultural productivity. This study investigated the effect of exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO) (50 μM and 100 μM) in protecting wheat plants from NaCl-induced oxidative damage by modulating protective mechanisms, including osmolyte accumulation and the antioxidant system. Exogenously sourced NO proved effective in ameliorating the deleterious effects of salinity on the growth parameters studied. NO was beneficial in improving the photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content in normal and NaCl-treated wheat plants. Moreover, NO-treated plants maintained a greater accumulation of proline and soluble sugars, leading to higher relative water content maintenance. Exogenous-sourced NO at both concentrations up-regulated the antioxidant system for averting the NaCl-mediated oxidative damage on membranes. The activity of antioxidant enzymes increased the protection of membrane structural and functional integrity and photosynthetic efficiency. NO application imparted a marked effect on uptake of key mineral elements such as nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) with a concomitant reduction in the deleterious ions such as Na+. Greater K and reduced Na uptake in NO-treated plants lead to a considerable decline in the Na/K ratio. Enhancing of salt tolerance by NO was concomitant with an obvious down-regulation in the relative expression of SOS1, NHX1, AQP, and OSM-34, while D2-protein was up-regulated.
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15
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Rai P, Singh VP, Peralta-Videa J, Tripathi DK, Sharma S, Corpas FJ. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) underpins the beneficial silicon effects against the copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) phytotoxicity in Oryza sativa seedlings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:124907. [PMID: 34088169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-pollution has associated severe negative effects on crop productivity. Hence, methods are needed to alleviate nano-toxicity in crop plants. The present study aims to evaluate if the exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) application in combination with silicon (Si) could palliate the harmful effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). Fifteen day-old rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings were used as a model plant. The results indicate that simultaneous exogenous addition of 10 μM Si and 100 μM NaHS (as an H2S donor) provided tolerance and enhanced defence mechanism of the rice seedlings against 100 μM CuO NPs. Thus, it was observed in terms of their growth, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, the content of non-enzymatic components, chlorophyll fluorescence and up-regulation of antioxidant genes. Si and NaHS stimulated gene expression of silicon (Lsi1 and Lsi2) and auxin (PIN5 and PIN10) transporters. Taken together, data indicate that H2S underpins the beneficial Si effects in rice seedlings against the oxidative stress triggers by CuO NPs, and stimulation of enzymatic components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle being the main factor for the beneficial effects triggered by the couple of Si and H2S. Therefore, it could be concluded that the simultaneous application of Si and H2S promote the resilience of the rice seedlings against the oxidative stress induced by CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, UP, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Jose Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, UP, India.
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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16
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Cséplő Á, Zsigmond L, Andrási N, Baba AI, Labhane NM, Pető A, Kolbert Z, Kovács HE, Steinbach G, Szabados L, Fehér A, Rigó G. The AtCRK5 Protein Kinase Is Required to Maintain the ROS NO Balance Affecting the PIN2-Mediated Root Gravitropic Response in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5979. [PMID: 34205973 PMCID: PMC8197844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arabidopsis AtCRK5 protein kinase is involved in the establishment of the proper auxin gradient in many developmental processes. Among others, the Atcrk5-1 mutant was reported to exhibit a delayed gravitropic response via compromised PIN2-mediated auxin transport at the root tip. Here, we report that this phenotype correlates with lower superoxide anion (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels but a higher nitric oxide (NO) content in the mutant root tips in comparison to the wild type (AtCol-0). The oxidative stress inducer paraquat (PQ) triggering formation of O2•- (and consequently, H2O2) was able to rescue the gravitropic response of Atcrk5-1 roots. The direct application of H2O2 had the same effect. Under gravistimulation, correct auxin distribution was restored (at least partially) by PQ or H2O2 treatment in the mutant root tips. In agreement, the redistribution of the PIN2 auxin efflux carrier was similar in the gravistimulated PQ-treated mutant and untreated wild type roots. It was also found that PQ-treatment decreased the endogenous NO level at the root tip to normal levels. Furthermore, the mutant phenotype could be reverted by direct manipulation of the endogenous NO level using an NO scavenger (cPTIO). The potential involvement of AtCRK5 protein kinase in the control of auxin-ROS-NO-PIN2-auxin regulatory loop is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Cséplő
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Laura Zsigmond
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Norbert Andrási
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Abu Imran Baba
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nitin M. Labhane
- Department of Botany, Bhavan’s College Andheri West, Mumbai 400058, India;
| | - Andrea Pető
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, 52. Középfasor, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.P.); (Z.K.)
- Food Chain Safety Center Nonprofit Ltd., H-1024 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, 52. Középfasor, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.P.); (Z.K.)
| | - Hajnalka E. Kovács
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
- Budapest, Kossuth Lajos Sugárút, 72/D, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Steinbach
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
- Cellular Imaging Laboratory, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Szabados
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Attila Fehér
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, 52. Középfasor, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (A.P.); (Z.K.)
| | - Gábor Rigó
- Biological Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.C.); (L.Z.); (N.A.); (A.I.B.); (H.E.K.); (G.S.); (L.S.); (A.F.)
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17
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Tripathi DK, Rai P, Guerriero G, Sharma S, Corpas FJ, Singh VP. Silicon induces adventitious root formation in rice under arsenate stress with involvement of nitric oxide and indole-3-acetic acid. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4457-4471. [PMID: 33095869 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) negatively affects plant development. This study evaluates how the application of silicon (Si) can favor the formation of adventitious roots in rice under arsenate stress (AsV) as a mechanism to mitigate its negative effects. The simultaneous application of AsV and Si up-regulated the expression of genes involved in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, cell cycle progression, auxin (IAA, indole-3-acetic acid) biosynthesis and transport, and Si uptake which accompanied adventitious root formation. Furthermore, Si triggered the expression and activity of enzymes involved in ascorbate recycling. Treatment with L-NAME (NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester), an inhibitor of NO generation, significantly suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si; however, supplying NO in the growth media rescued its effects. Our data suggest that both NO and IAA are essential for Si-mediated adventitious root formation under AsV stress. Interestingly, TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid), a polar auxin transport inhibitor, suppressed adventitious root formation even in the presence of Si and SNP (sodium nitroprusside, an NO donor), suggesting that Si is involved in a mechanism whereby a cellular signal is triggered and that first requires NO formation, followed by IAA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture (AIOA), Amity University, Noida, Noida, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, PrayagrajIndia
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, PrayagrajIndia
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, Spain
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
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18
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Vieira LAJ, Alves RDFB, Menezes-Silva PE, Mendonça MAC, Silva MLF, Silva MCAP, Sousa LF, Loram-Lourenço L, Alves da Silva A, Costa AC, Silva FG, Farnese FS. Water contamination with atrazine: is nitric oxide able to improve Pistia stratiotes phytoremediation capacity? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:115971. [PMID: 33218778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is an herbicide commonly used in several countries. Due to its long half-life, associated with its use in large scales, atrazine residues remain as environmental pollutants in water bodies. Phytoremediation is often pointed out as an interesting approach to remove atrazine from the aquatic environment, but its practical application is limited by the high toxicity of this herbicide. Here, we characterize the damages triggered by atrazine in Pistia stratiotes, evaluating the role of nitric oxide (NO), a cell-signaling molecule, in increasing the tolerance to the pollutant and the phytoremediation potential of this species. Pistia stratiotes plants were exposed to four treatments: Control; Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (0.05 mg L-1); Atrazine (ATZ) (150 μg L-1) and ATZ + SNP. The plants remained under those conditions for 24 h for biochemical and physiological analysis and 3 days for the evaluation of relative growth rate. The presence of atrazine in plant cells triggered a series of biochemical and physiological damages, such as the increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species, damages to cell membranes, photosynthesis impairment, and negative carbon balance. Despite this, the plants maintained greater growth rates than other aquatic macrophytes exposed to atrazine and showed high bioconcentration and translocation factors. The addition of SNP, a NO donor, decreased the herbicide toxicity, with an increase of over 60% in the IC50 value (Inhibitor Concentration). Indeed, the NO signaling action was able to increase the tolerance of plants to atrazine, which resulted in increments in pollutant uptake and translocation, with the maintenance of overall cell (e.g. membranes) and organs (root system) structure, and the functioning of central physiological processes (e.g. photosynthesis). These factors allowed for more quickly and efficient removal of the pollutant from the environment, reducing costs, and increasing the viability of the phytoremediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena A J Vieira
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria A C Mendonça
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Maria L F Silva
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Maria C A P Silva
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Leticia F Sousa
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alan Carlos Costa
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Fabiano G Silva
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Farnese
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75.901-970, Brazil.
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19
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Role of Melatonin in Plant Tolerance to Soil Stressors: Salinity, pH and Heavy Metals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225359. [PMID: 33212772 PMCID: PMC7696660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is a pleiotropic molecule with diverse and numerous actions both in plants and animals. In plants, MT acts as an excellent promotor of tolerance against abiotic stress situations such as drought, cold, heat, salinity, and chemical pollutants. In all these situations, MT has a stimulating effect on plants, fomenting many changes in biochemical processes and stress-related gene expression. Melatonin plays vital roles as an antioxidant and can work as a free radical scavenger to protect plants from oxidative stress by stabilization cell redox status; however, MT can alleviate the toxic oxygen and nitrogen species. Beyond this, MT stimulates the antioxidant enzymes and augments antioxidants, as well as activates the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle to scavenge excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review, we examine the recent data on the capacity of MT to alleviate the effects of common abiotic soil stressors, such as salinity, alkalinity, acidity, and the presence of heavy metals, reinforcing the general metabolism of plants and counteracting harmful agents. An exhaustive analysis of the latest advances in this regard is presented, and possible future applications of MT are discussed.
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Palma JM. Nitric oxide: A radical molecule with potential biotechnological applications in fruit ripening. J Biotechnol 2020; 324:211-219. [PMID: 33115661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-life and free radical molecule involved in a wide range of cellular, physiological and stressful processes in higher plants. In recent years it has been observed that exogenous NO application can palliate adverse damages against abiotic and biotic stresses. Conversely, there is accumulating information indicating that endogenous NO participates significantly in the mechanism of modulation of the ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. Even more, when NO is exogenously applied, it can mediate beneficial effects during ripening and postharvest storage being one of the main effects the increase of antioxidant systems. Consequently, NO could be a promising biotechnological tool to improve crops through ameliorating nutritional indexes and to alleviate damages during fruit ripening and postharvest management. Thus, this approach should be complementary to previous strategies to allow preserving the quality and healthiness of fruits with a view of enhancing their added value. The present mini-review aims to provide an overview of NO biochemistry in plants and updated information on the relevance of NO in fruit ripening and postharvest stages with a view to its biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture. Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture. Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture. Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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21
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Rather BA, Mir IR, Sehar Z, Anjum NA, Masood A, Khan NA. The outcomes of the functional interplay of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in metal stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:523-534. [PMID: 32836198 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytotoxicity of metals constraints plants health, metabolism and productivity. The sustainable approaches for minimizing major metals-accrued phytotoxicity have been least explored. The gasotransmitters signaling molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) play a significant role in the mitigation of major consequences of metals stress. Versatile gaseous signaling molecules, NO and H2S are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in plants and their tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, literature available on NO or H2S stand alone, and the major insights into the roles of NO and/or H2S in plant tolerance, particularly to metals, remained unclear. Given above, this paper aimed to (a) briefly overview metals and highlight their major phytotoxicity; (b) appraises literature reporting potential mechanisms underlying the roles of NO and H2S in plant-metal tolerance; (c) crosstalk on NO and H2S in relation to plant metal tolerance. Additionally, major aspects so far unexplored in the current context have also been mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A Rather
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Iqbal R Mir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Naser A Anjum
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asim Masood
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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22
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Mukherjee S, Corpas FJ. Crosstalk among hydrogen sulfide (H 2S), nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) in root-system development and its rhizosphere interactions: A gaseous interactome. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:800-814. [PMID: 32882618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Root development in higher plants is achieved by a precise intercellular communication which determines cell fate in the primary embryonic meristem where the gasotransmitters H2S, NO and CO participate dynamically. Furthermore, the rhizosphere interaction of these molecules with microbial and soil metabolism also affects root development. NO regulates root growth and architecture in association with several other biomolecules like auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA), strigolactones, alkamides and melatonin. The CO-mediated signal transduction pathway in roots is closely linked to the NO-mediated signal cascades. Interestingly, H2S acts also as an upstream component in IAA and NO-mediated crosstalk during root development. Heme oxygenase (HO) 1 generates CO and functions as a downstream component in H2S-mediated adventitious rooting and H2S-CO crosstalk. Likewise, reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2S and NO crosstalk are important components in the regulation of root architecture. Deciphering these interactions will be a potential biotechnological tool which could provide benefits in crop management in soils, especially under adverse environmental conditions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update of the complex networks of these gasotransmitters during the development of roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India.
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain
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23
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Szepesi Á. Halotropism: Phytohormonal Aspects and Potential Applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:571025. [PMID: 33042187 PMCID: PMC7527526 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.571025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Halotropism is a sodium specific tropic movement of roots in order to obtain the optimal salt concentration for proper growth and development. Numerous results suggest that halotropic events are under the control and regulation of complex plant hormone pathway. This minireview collects some recent evidences about sodium sensing during halotropism and the hormonal regulation of halotropic responses in glycophytes. The precise hormonal mechanisms by which halophytes plant roots perceive salt stress and translate this perception into adaptive, directional growth forward increased salt concentrations are not well understood. This minireview aims to gather recently deciphered information about halotropism focusing potential hormonal aspects both in glycophytes and halophytes. Advances in our understanding of halotropic responses in different plant species could help these plants to be used for sustainable agriculture and other future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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24
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Piacentini D, Ronzan M, Fattorini L, Della Rovere F, Massimi L, Altamura MM, Falasca G. Nitric oxide alleviates cadmium- but not arsenic-induced damages in rice roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:729-742. [PMID: 32353678 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has signalling roles in plant stress responses. Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) soil pollutants alter plant development, mainly the root-system, by increasing NO-content, triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS), and forming peroxynitrite by NO-reaction with the superoxide anion. Interactions of NO with ROS and peroxynitrite seem important for plant tolerance to heavy metal(oid)s, but the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Our goal was to investigate NO-involvement in rice (Oryza sativa L.) root-system after exposure to Cd or As, to highlight possible differences in NO-behaviour between the two pollutants. To the aim, morpho-histological, chemical and epifluorescence analyses were carried out on roots of different origin in the root-system, under exposure to Cd or As, combined or not with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO-donor compound. Results show that increased intracellular NO levels alleviate the root-system alterations induced by Cd, i.e., inhibition of adventitious root elongation and lateral root formation, increment in lignin deposition in the sclerenchyma/endodermis cell-walls, but, even if reducing As-induced endodermis lignification, do not recover the majority of the As-damages, i.e., enhancement of AR-elongation, reduction of LR-formation, anomalous tissue-proliferation. However, NO decreases both Cd and As uptake, without affecting the pollutants translocation-capability from roots to shoots. Moreover, NO reduces the Cd-induced, but not the As-induced, ROS levels by triggering peroxynitrite production. Altogether, results highlight a different behaviour of NO in modulating rice root-system response to the toxicity of the heavy metal Cd and the metalloid As, which depends by the NO-interaction with the specific pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Ronzan
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Massimi
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - M M Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
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25
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Lindermayr C, Rudolf EE, Durner J, Groth M. Interactions between metabolism and chromatin in plant models. Mol Metab 2020; 38:100951. [PMID: 32199818 PMCID: PMC7300381 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the fascinating aspects of epigenetic regulation is that it provides means to rapidly adapt to environmental change. This is particularly relevant in the plant kingdom, where most species are sessile and exposed to increasing habitat fluctuations due to global warming. Although the inheritance of epigenetically controlled traits acquired through environmental impact is a matter of debate, it is well documented that environmental cues lead to epigenetic changes, including chromatin modifications, that affect cell differentiation or are associated with plant acclimation and defense priming. Still, in most cases, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. An emerging topic that promises to reveal new insights is the interaction between epigenetics and metabolism. SCOPE OF REVIEW This study reviews the links between metabolism and chromatin modification, in particular histone acetylation, histone methylation, and DNA methylation, in plants and compares them to examples from the mammalian field, where the relationship to human diseases has already generated a larger body of literature. This study particularly focuses on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in modulating metabolic pathways and gene activities that are involved in these chromatin modifications. As ROS and NO are hallmarks of stress responses, we predict that they are also pivotal in mediating chromatin dynamics during environmental responses. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Due to conservation of chromatin-modifying mechanisms, mammals and plants share a common dependence on metabolic intermediates that serve as cofactors for chromatin modifications. In addition, plant-specific non-CG methylation pathways are particularly sensitive to changes in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism. Finally, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species may fine-tune epigenetic processes and include similar signaling mechanisms involved in environmental stress responses in plants as well as animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lindermayr
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Eva Esther Rudolf
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Groth
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München/Neuherberg, Germany.
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Rather BA, Masood A, Sehar Z, Majid A, Anjum NA, Khan NA. Mechanisms and Role of Nitric Oxide in Phytotoxicity-Mitigation of Copper. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:675. [PMID: 32547583 PMCID: PMC7274197 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytotoxicity of metals significantly contributes to the major loss in agricultural productivity. Among all the metals, copper (Cu) is one of essential metals, where it exhibits toxicity only at its supra-optimal level. Elevated Cu levels affect plants developmental processes from initiation of seed germination to the senescence, photosynthetic functions, growth and productivity. The use of plant growth regulators/phytohormones and other signaling molecules is one of major approaches for reversing Cu-toxicity in plants. Nitric oxide (NO) is a versatile and bioactive gaseous signaling molecule, involved in major physiological and molecular processes in plants. NO modulates responses of plants grown under optimal conditions or to multiple stress factors including elevated Cu levels. The available literature in this context is centered mainly on the role of NO in combating Cu stress with partial discussion on underlying mechanisms. Considering the recent reports, this paper: (a) overviews Cu uptake and transport; (b) highlights the major aspects of Cu-toxicity on germination, photosynthesis, growth, phenotypic changes and nutrient-use-efficiency; (c) updates on NO as a major signaling molecule; and (d) critically appraises the Cu-significance and mechanisms underlying NO-mediated alleviation of Cu-phytotoxicity. The outcome of the discussion may provide important clues for future research on NO-mediated mitigation of Cu-phytotoxicity.
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27
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Zhang X, Li X, Wu C, Ye L, Kang Z, Zhang X. Exogenous Nitric Oxide and Phosphorus Stress Affect the Mycorrhization, Plant Growth, and Associated Microbes of Carya illinoinensis Seedlings Colonized by Tuber indicum. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2634. [PMID: 31798561 PMCID: PMC6863891 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the artificial cultivation of truffles, ectomycorrhizal colonization level, host plant quality, and the associated microbes in the rhizosphere soil are vitally important. To explore the effects of nitric oxide (NO) and phosphorus (P) stress on the early symbiosis of truffles and host plants, different concentrations of exogenous NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and P were applied to Carya illinoinensis seedlings inoculated with the Chinese black truffle (Tuber indicum). The growth of T. indicum-mycorrhized seedlings and their mycorrhizal colonization rate were investigated. Additionally, the denitrifying bacterial community harboring NO reductase (norB) genes and the fungal community in the rhizosphere of the host were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the colonization rate of T. indicum was significantly influenced by SNP treatments and P stress, with the highest level being obtained when the SNP was 100 μmol/L under low P stress (5 μmol/L). Treatment with 100 μmol/L SNP alone also increased the colonization rate of T. indicum and had positive effects on the plant height, stem circumference, biomass, root-shoot ratio and root POD activity of the seedlings at different times after inoculation. Under low P stress, the 100 μmol/L SNP increased the richness of the norB-type denitrifying bacterial community. Interestingly, the diversity and richness of norB-type denitrifying bacteria were significantly positively correlated with the colonization rate of T. indicum. SNP treatments under low P stress altered the abundance of some dominant taxa such as Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Pseudomonas, Ensifer, and Sulfitobacter. Evaluation of the fungal community in the rhizosphere revealed that 100 μmol/L SNP treatment alone had no noticeable effect on their richness and diversity, but it did shape the abundance of some fungi. Buellia, Podospora, Phaeoisaria, Ascotaiwania, and Lophiostoma were more abundant following exogenous NO application, while the abundance of Acremonium, Monographella, and Penicillium were decreased. Network analysis indicated that T. indicum was positively and negatively correlated with some fungal genera when treated with 100 μmol/L SNP. Overall, these results revealed how exogenous NO and P stress influence the symbiosis of truffles and host plants, and indicate that application of SNP treatments has the potential for ectomycorrhizal synthesis and truffle cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenguang Wu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongjing Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Corpas FJ, González-Gordo S, Cañas A, Palma JM. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in plants: which comes first? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4391-4404. [PMID: 30715479 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signal molecule regarded as being involved in myriad functions in plants under physiological, pathogenic, and adverse environmental conditions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has also recently been recognized as a new gasotransmitter with a diverse range of functions similar to those of NO. Depending on their respective concentrations, both these molecules act synergistically or antagonistically as signals or damage promoters in plants. Nevertheless, available evidence shows that the complex biological connections between NO and H2S involve multiple pathways and depend on the plant organ and species, as well as on experimental conditions. Cysteine-based redox switches are prone to reversible modification; proteomic and biochemical analyses have demonstrated that certain target proteins undergo post-translational modifications such as S-nitrosation, caused by NO, and persulfidation, caused by H2S, both of which affect functionality. This review provides a comprehensive update on NO and H2S in physiological processes (seed germination, root development, stomatal movement, leaf senescence, and fruit ripening) and under adverse environmental conditions. Existing data suggest that H2S acts upstream or downstream of the NO signaling cascade, depending on processes such as stomatal closure or in response to abiotic stress, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - Amanda Cañas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda, Granada, Spain
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29
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Sharma S, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. Nitric oxide induced modulations in adventitious root growth, lignin content and lignin synthesizing enzymes in the hypocotyls of Vigna radiata. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 141:225-230. [PMID: 31185367 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in mediating adventitious root (AR) growth, lignification and related enzymatic changes in the hypocotyls of Vigna radiata. To meet the objectives, the changes in AR growth, lignin content, and the activities of enzymes-peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases, and phenylalanine ammonia lyases- with NO donor and its scavenger were monitored. Hypocotyls were cultivated in aqueous solution supplemented with different concentrations of SNP (sodium nitroprusside, NO donor compound) and its scavenging compound (2,4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide; cPTIO). Specifically, at low concentrations, SNP induced AR growth, increased the total lignin content and altered the activities of related oxidoreductases- peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases and phenylalanine ammonia lyases- which are involved in lignin biosynthesis pathway. At higher concentrations, a decline in AR growth and lignification was noticed. We analysed the function of NO in AR formation by depleting the endogenous NO using scavenging compound cPTIO. Hypocotyls grown in a medium supplemented with scavenger cPTIO exhibited significant decline in AR growth and the activities of lignin synthesizing enzymes. Application of NO scavenger showed that stimulatory properties on root lignification may be owing to NO itself. In addition, changes in AR growth were significantly correlated with these modified biochemical activities. Our analysis revealed that NO supplementation induces prominent alterations in lignin level during AR formation and this might be due to an alteration in the activity of lignin biosynthetic enzymes, which further affected the polymerization of monolignols and AR growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Sharma
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | | | - Ravinder Kumar Kohli
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Central University of Punjab, Mansa Road, Bathinda, 151001, India
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30
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Rolly NK, Lee SU, Imran QM, Hussain A, Mun BG, Kim KM, Yun BW. Nitrosative stress-mediated inhibition of OsDHODH1 gene expression suggests roots growth reduction in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). 3 Biotech 2019; 9:273. [PMID: 31245237 PMCID: PMC6581995 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study monitored the transcriptional response of OsDHODH1 under nitrosative stress conditions relative to the transcripts accumulations for the core mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase1 (CcOX1) subunit, nuclear CcOX subunits 5b and 5c, two rice nitrate reductases (OsNIA1 and OsNIA2), and nitric oxide excess 1 (OsNOE1) genes. Our findings reveal that short-term exposure of rice seedlings to 1 mM SNP (Nitric oxide donor) applied exogenously for 1 h resulted in significant down-regulation of OsDHODH1 expression in all rice cultivars. In addition, the transcriptional patterns for the CcOX subunits, which are known to have a high affinity for nitric oxide, showed that the core catalytic subunit (OsCcOX1) and the nuclear subunit (OsCcOX5b) were up-regulated, while the nuclear subunit (OsCcOX5c) gene expression was suppressed. OsGSNOR1 expression was enhanced or decreased concomitant with a decrease or increase in SNO accumulation, particularly at the basal level. Moreover, high OsNIA1 expression was consistent with impaired root development, whereas low transcript accumulation matched a balanced root-growth pattern. This suggests that OsNIA1 expression would prevail over OsNIA2 expression under nitrosative stress response in rice. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased with the increase in SNP concentration, translating enhanced oxidative damage to the cell. We also observed increased catalase activity in response to 5 mM SNP suggesting that potential cross-talk exist between nitrosative and oxidative stress. These results collectively suggest a possible role of OsDHODH1 and OsCcOX5b role in plant root growth during nitrosative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkulu Kabange Rolly
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Lee
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Qari Muhammad Imran
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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31
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Laxa M, Liebthal M, Telman W, Chibani K, Dietz KJ. The Role of the Plant Antioxidant System in Drought Tolerance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E94. [PMID: 30965652 PMCID: PMC6523806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Water deficiency compromises plant performance and yield in many habitats and in agriculture. In addition to survival of the acute drought stress period which depends on plant-genotype-specific characteristics, stress intensity and duration, also the speed and efficiency of recovery determine plant performance. Drought-induced deregulation of metabolism enhances generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) which in turn affect the redox regulatory state of the cell. Strong correlative and analytical evidence assigns a major role in drought tolerance to the redox regulatory and antioxidant system. This review compiles current knowledge on the response and function of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide under drought stress in various species and drought stress regimes. The meta-analysis of reported changes in transcript and protein amounts, and activities of components of the antioxidant and redox network support the tentative conclusion that drought tolerance is more tightly linked to up-regulated ascorbate-dependent antioxidant activity than to the response of the thiol-redox regulatory network. The significance of the antioxidant system in surviving severe phases of dehydration is further supported by the strong antioxidant system usually encountered in resurrection plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Laxa
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Michael Liebthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Wilena Telman
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Kamel Chibani
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
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Corpas FJ, Río LAD, Palma JM. Impact of Nitric Oxide (NO) on the ROS Metabolism of Peroxisomes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E37. [PMID: 30744153 PMCID: PMC6409570 DOI: 10.3390/plants8020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical endogenously generated in plant cells. Peroxisomes are cell organelles characterized by an active metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are also one of the main cellular sites of NO production in higher plants. In this mini-review, an updated and comprehensive overview is presented of the evidence available demonstrating that plant peroxisomes have the capacity to generate NO, and how this molecule and its derived products, peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), can modulate the ROS metabolism of peroxisomes, mainly throughout protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), including S-nitrosation and tyrosine nitration. Several peroxisomal antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR), have been demonstrated to be targets of NO-mediated PTMs. Accordingly, plant peroxisomes can be considered as a good example of the interconnection existing between ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), where NO exerts a regulatory function of ROS metabolism acting upstream of H₂O₂.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Luis A Del Río
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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Singh BN, Dwivedi P, Sarma BK, Singh GS, Singh HB. Trichoderma asperellum T42 Reprograms Tobacco for Enhanced Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Plant Growth When Fed with N Nutrients. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:163. [PMID: 29527216 PMCID: PMC5829606 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp., are saprophytic fungi that can improve plant growth through increased nutrient acquisition and change in the root architecture. In the present study, we demonstrate that Trichoderma asperellum T42 mediate enhancement in host biomass, total nitrogen content, nitric oxide (NO) production and cytosolic Ca2+ accumulation in tobacco. T42 inoculation enhanced lateral root, root hair length, root hair density and root/shoot dry mass in tobacco under deprived nutrients condition. Interestingly, these growth attributes were further elevated in presence of T42 and supplementation of NO3- and NH4+ nutrients to tobacco at 40 and 70 days, particularly in NO3- supplementation, whereas no significant increment was observed in nia30 mutant. In addition, NO production was more in tobacco roots in T42 inoculated plants fed with NO3- nutrient confirming NO generation was dependent on NR pathway. NO3- dependent NO production contributed to increase in lateral root initiation, Ca2+ accumulation and activities of nitrate transporters (NRTs) in tobacco. Higher activities of several NRT genes in response to T42 and N nutrients and suppression of ammonium transporter (AMT1) suggested that induction of high affinity NRTs help NO3- acquisition through roots of tobacco. Among the NRTs NRT2.1 and NRT2.2 were more up-regulated compared to the other NRTs. Addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), relative to those supplied with NO3-/NH4+ nutrition and T42 treated plants singly, and with application of NO inhibitor, cPTIO, confirmed the altered NO fluorescence intensity in tobacco roots. Our findings suggest that T42 promoted plant growth significantly ant N content in the tobacco plants grown under N nutrients, notably higher in NO3-, providing insight of the strategy for not only tobacco but probably for other crops as well to adapt to fluctuating nitrate availability in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bansh N. Singh
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Padmanabh Dwivedi
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Birinchi K. Sarma
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Gopal S. Singh
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Harikesh B. Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Sujkowska-Rybkowska M, Czarnocka W, Sańko-Sawczenko I, Witoń D. Effect of short-term aluminum stress and mycorrhizal inoculation on nitric oxide metabolism in Medicago truncatula roots. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 220:145-154. [PMID: 29179082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity can induce oxidative and nitrosative stress, which limits growth and yield of crop plants. Nevertheless, plant tolerance to stress may be improved by symbiotic associations including arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule involved in physiological processes and plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, almost no information about the NO metabolism has been gathered about AM. In the present work, Medicago truncatula seedlings were inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis, and 7-week-old plants were treated with 50μM AlCl3 for 3h. Cytochemical and molecular techniques were used to measure the components of the NO metabolism, including NO content and localization, expression of genes encoding NO-synthesis (MtNR1, MtNR2 and MtNIR1) and NO-scavenging (MtGSNOR1, MtGSNOR2, MtHB1 and MtHB2) enzymes and the profile of protein tyrosine nitration (NO2-Tyr) in Medicago roots. For the first time, NO and NO2-Tyr accumulation was connected with fungal structures (arbuscules, vesicles and intercellular hyphae). Expression analysis of genes encoding NO-synthesis enzymes indicated that AM symbiosis results in lower production of NO in Al-treated roots in comparison to non-mycorrhizal roots. Elevated levels of transcription of genes encoding NO-scavenging enzymes indicated more active NO scavenging in AMF-inoculated Al-treated roots compared to non-inoculated roots. These results were confirmed by less NO accumulation and lower protein nitration in Al-stressed mycorrhizal roots in comparison to non-mycorrhizal roots. This study provides a new insight in NO metabolism in response to arbuscular mycorrhiza under normal and metal stress conditions. Our results suggest that mycorrhizal fungi decrease NO and tyrosine nitrated proteins content in Al-treated Medicago roots, probably via active NO scavenging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Sujkowska-Rybkowska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Weronika Czarnocka
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Sańko-Sawczenko
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Witoń
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Krasylenko YA, Yemets AI, Blume YB. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L‐NAME affects
Arabidopsis
root growth, morphology, and microtubule organization. Cell Biol Int 2017; 43:1049-1055. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya A. Krasylenko
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and GenomicsNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineOsipovskogo St. 2a, 04123Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Alla I. Yemets
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and GenomicsNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineOsipovskogo St. 2a, 04123Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav B. Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and GenomicsNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineOsipovskogo St. 2a, 04123Kyiv Ukraine
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Wany A, Kumari A, Gupta KJ. Nitric oxide is essential for the development of aerenchyma in wheat roots under hypoxic stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:3002-3017. [PMID: 28857271 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In response to flooding/waterlogging, plants develop various anatomical changes including the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma for the delivery of oxygen to roots. Under hypoxia, plants produce high levels of nitric oxide (NO) but the role of this molecule in plant-adaptive response to hypoxia is not known. Here, we investigated whether ethylene-induced aerenchyma requires hypoxia-induced NO. Under hypoxic conditions, wheat roots produced NO apparently via nitrate reductase and scavenging of NO led to a marked reduction in aerenchyma formation. Interestingly, we found that hypoxically induced NO is important for induction of the ethylene biosynthetic genes encoding ACC synthase and ACC oxidase. Hypoxia-induced NO accelerated production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein tyrosine nitration. Other events related to cell death such as increased conductivity, increased cellulase activity, DNA fragmentation, and cytoplasmic streaming occurred under hypoxia, and opposing effects were observed by scavenging NO. The NO scavenger cPTIO (2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide potassium salt) and ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor CoCl2 both led to reduced induction of genes involved in signal transduction such as phospholipase C, G protein alpha subunit, calcium-dependent protein kinase family genes CDPK, CDPK2, CDPK 4, Ca-CAMK, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1, and protein kinase suggesting that hypoxically induced NO is essential for the development of aerenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Wany
- National Institute for Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Aprajita Kumari
- National Institute for Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
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An update on nitric oxide and its benign role in plant responses under metal stress. Nitric Oxide 2017; 67:39-52. [PMID: 28456602 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pollution due to heavy metal(loid)s has become common menace across the globe. This is due to unprecedented frequent geological changes coupled with increasing anthropogenic activities, and population growth rate. Heavy metals (HMs) presence in the soil causes toxicity, and hampers plant growth and development. Plants being sessile are exposed to a variety of stress and/or a network of different kinds of stresses throughout their life cycle. To sense and transduce these stress signal, the signal reactive nitrogen species (RNS) particularly nitric oxide (NO) is an important secondary messenger next to only reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nitric oxide, a redox active molecule, colourless simple gas, and being a free radical (NO) has the potential in regulating multiple biological signaling responses in a variety of plants. Nitric oxide can counteract HMs-induced ROS, either by direct scavenging or by stimulating antioxidants defense team; therefore, it is also known as secondary antioxidant. The imbalance or cross talk of/between NO and ROS concentration along with antioxidant system leads to nitrosative and oxidative stress, or combination of both i.e., nitro-oxidative stress. Endogenous synthesis of NO also takes place in plants in the presence of heavy metals. During HM stress the different organelles of plant cells can biosynthesize NO in parallel to the ROS, such as in mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum and apoplasts. In view of the above, an effort has been made in the present review article to trace current knowledge and latest advances in chemical properties, biological roles, mechanism of NO action along with the physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes that occur in plants under different metal stress. A brief focus is also carried on ROS properties, roles, and their production.
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Zou YN, Wang P, Liu CY, Ni QD, Zhang DJ, Wu QS. Mycorrhizal trifoliate orange has greater root adaptation of morphology and phytohormones in response to drought stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41134. [PMID: 28106141 PMCID: PMC5247675 DOI: 10.1038/srep41134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant roots are the first parts of plants to face drought stress (DS), and thus root modification is important for plants to adapt to drought. We hypothesized that the roots of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plants exhibit better adaptation in terms of morphology and phytohormones under DS. Trifoliate orange seedlings inoculated with Diversispora versiformis were subjected to well-watered (WW) and DS conditions for 6 weeks. AM seedlings exhibited better growth performance and significantly greater number of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order lateral roots, root length, area, average diameter, volume, tips, forks, and crossings than non-AM seedlings under both WW and DS conditions. AM fungal inoculation considerably increased root hair density under both WW and DS and root hair length under DS, while dramatically decreased root hair length under WW but there was no change in root hair diameter. AM plants had greater concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid, methyl jasmonate, nitric oxide, and calmodulin in roots, which were significantly correlated with changes in root morphology. These results support the hypothesis that AM plants show superior adaptation in root morphology under DS that is potentially associated with indole-3-acetic acid, methyl jasmonate, nitric oxide, and calmodulin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ning Zou
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318026, China
| | - Chun-Yan Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China.,Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Qiu-Dan Ni
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - De-Jian Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China.,Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China.,Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic
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meta-Tyrosine induces modification of reactive nitrogen species level, protein nitration and nitrosoglutathione reductase in tomato roots. Nitric Oxide 2016; 68:56-67. [PMID: 27810375 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A non-protein amino acid (NPAA) - meta-Tyrosine (m-Tyr), is a harmful compound produced by fescue roots. Young (3-4 days old) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings were supplemented for 24-72 h with m-Tyr (50 or 250 μM) inhibiting root growth by 50 or 100%, without lethal effect. Fluorescence of DAF-FM and APF derivatives was determined to show reactive nitrogen species (RNS) localization and level in roots of tomato plants. m-Tyr-induced restriction of root elongation growth was related to formation of nitrated proteins described as content of 3-nitrotyrosine. Supplementation with m-Tyr enhanced superoxide radicals generation in extracts of tomato roots and stimulated protein nitration. It correlated well to increase of fluorescence of DAF-FM derivatives, and transiently stimulated fluorescence of APF derivatives corresponding respectively to NO and ONOO- formation. Alterations in RNS formation induced by m-Tyr were linked to metabolism of nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). Activity of nitrosoglutatione reductase (GSNOR), catalyzing degradation of GSNO was enhanced by long term plant supplementation with m-Tyr, similarly as protein abundance, while transcripts level were only slightly altered by tested NPAA. We conclude, that although in animal cells m-Tyr is considered as a marker of oxidative stress, its secondary mode of action in tomato plants involves perturbation in RNS formation, alteration in GSNO metabolism and modification of protein nitration level.
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Krasuska U, Andrzejczak O, Staszek P, Borucki W, Gniazdowska A. Toxicity of canavanine in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) roots is due to alterations in RNS, ROS and auxin levels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 103:84-95. [PMID: 26986929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Canavanine (CAN) is non-proteinogenic aminoacid and a structural analog of arginine (Arg). Naturally, CAN occurs in legumes e.g. jack bean and is considered as a strong allelochemical. As a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase in mammalians, it could act as a modifier of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in plants. Modifications in the content of endogenous reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence root structure and architecture, being also under hormonal control. The aim of the work was to investigate regulation of root growth in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Malinowy Ożarowski) seedling by application of CAN at concentration (10 and 50 μM) leading to 50% or 100% restriction of root elongation. CAN at higher concentration led to slight DNA fragmentation, increased total RNA and protein level. Decline in total respiration rate after CAN supplementation was not associated with enhanced membrane permeability. Malformations in root morphology (shorter and thicker roots, limited number of lateral roots) were accompanied by modification in NO and ONOO(-) localization; determined mainly in peridermal cells and some border cells. Although, CAN resulted in low RNS production, addition of exogenous NO by usage of NO donors did not reverse its negative effect, nor recovery effect was detected after roots imbibition in Arg. To build up a comprehensive view on mode of action of CAN as root growth inhibitor, it was shown an elevated level of auxin. To summarize, we demonstrated several secondary mode of action of CAN, indicating its toxicity in plants linked to restriction in RNS formation accompanied by simultaneous overaccumulation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wojciech Borucki
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Corpas FJ. Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) in Plants Under Physiological and Adverse Environmental Conditions: Current View. PROGRESS IN BOTANY 2016:97-119. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/124_2016_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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