1
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Eysholdt-Derzsó E, Hause B, Sauter M, Schmidt-Schippers RR. Hypoxia reshapes Arabidopsis root architecture by integrating ERF-VII factor response and abscisic acid homoeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2879-2894. [PMID: 38616485 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen limitation (hypoxia), arising as a key stress factor due to flooding, negatively affects plant development. Consequently, maintaining root growth under such stress is crucial for plant survival, yet we know little about the root system's adaptions to low-oxygen conditions and its regulation by phytohormones. In this study, we examine the impact of hypoxia and, herein, the regulatory role of group VII ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors on root growth in Arabidopsis. We found lateral root (LR) elongation to be actively maintained by hypoxia via ERFVII factors, as erfVII seedlings possess hypersensitivity towards hypoxia regarding their LR growth. Pharmacological inhibition of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis revealed ERFVII-driven counteraction of hypoxia-induced inhibition of LR formation in an ABA-dependent manner. However, postemergence LR growth under hypoxia mediated by ERFVIIs was independent of ABA. In roots, ERFVIIs mediate, among others, the induction of ABA-degrading ABA 8'-hydroxylases CYP707A1 expression. RAP2.12 could activate the pCYC707A1:LUC reporter gene, indicating, combined with single mutant analyses, that this transcription factor regulates ABA levels through corresponding transcript upregulation. Collectively, hypoxia-induced adaptation of the Arabidopsis root system is shaped by developmental reprogramming, whereby ERFVII-dependent promotion of LR emergence, but not elongation, is partly executed through regulation of ABA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Romy R Schmidt-Schippers
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Institute of Biology, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Díez AR, Szakonyi D, Lozano-Juste J, Duque P. Alternative splicing as a driver of natural variation in abscisic acid response. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:9-27. [PMID: 38659400 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial player in plant responses to the environment. It accumulates under stress, activating downstream signaling to implement molecular responses that restore homeostasis. Natural variance in ABA sensitivity remains barely understood, and the ABA pathway has been mainly studied at the transcriptional level, despite evidence that posttranscriptional regulation, namely, via alternative splicing, contributes to plant stress tolerance. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis accession Kn-0 as less sensitive to ABA than the reference Col-0, as shown by reduced effects of the hormone on seedling establishment, root branching, and stomatal closure, as well as by decreased induction of ABA marker genes. An in-depth comparative transcriptome analysis of the ABA response in the two variants revealed lower expression changes and fewer genes affected for the least ABA-sensitive ecotype. Notably, Kn-0 exhibited reduced levels of the ABA-signaling SnRK2 protein kinases and lower basal expression of ABA-reactivation genes, consistent with our finding that Kn-0 contains less endogenous ABA than Col-0. ABA also markedly affected alternative splicing, primarily intron retention, with Kn-0 being less responsive regarding both the number and magnitude of alternative splicing events, particularly exon skipping. We find that alternative splicing introduces a more ecotype-specific layer of ABA regulation and identify ABA-responsive splicing changes in key ABA pathway regulators that provide a functional and mechanistic link to the differential sensitivity of the two ecotypes. Our results offer new insight into the natural variation of ABA responses and corroborate a key role for alternative splicing in implementing ABA-mediated stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba R Díez
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dóra Szakonyi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Duque
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
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3
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Baiyin B, Xiang Y, Shao Y, Son JE, Yamada S, Tagawa K, Yang Q. Effect of Nutrient Solution Flow on Lettuce Root Morphology in Hydroponics: A Multi-Omics Analysis of Hormone Synthesis and Signal Transduction. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14435. [PMID: 39036950 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study examined how the nutrient flow environment affects lettuce root morphology in hydroponics using multi-omics analysis. The results indicate that increasing the nutrient flow rate initially increased indicators such as fresh root weight, root length, surface area, volume, and average diameter before declining, which mirrors the trend observed for shoot fresh weight. Furthermore, a high-flow environment significantly increased root tissue density. Further analysis using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Weighted Protein Co-expression Network Analysis (WPCNA) identified modules that were highly correlated with phenotypes and hormones. The analysis revealed a significant enrichment of hormone signal transduction pathways. Differences in the expression of genes and proteins related to hormone synthesis and transduction pathways were observed among the different flow conditions. These findings suggest that nutrient flow may regulate hormone levels and signal transmission by modulating the genes and proteins associated with hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways, thereby influencing root morphology. These findings should support the development of effective methods for regulating the flow of nutrients in hydroponic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bateer Baiyin
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Xiang
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tagawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Qichang Yang
- Research Center for Smart Horticulture Engineering, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
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Batool A, Li SS, Yue DX, Ullah F, Zhao L, Cheng ZG, Wang C, Duan HX, Lv GC, Haq ZU, Ahmed K, Gui YW, Zhu L, Xiao YL, Xiong YC. Root-to-shoot signaling positively mediates source-sink relation in late growth stages in diploid and tetraploid wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:492. [PMID: 38831289 PMCID: PMC11145845 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Non-hydraulic root source signaling (nHRS) is a unique positive response to soil drying in the regulation of plant growth and development. However, it is unclear how the nHRS mediates the tradeoff between source and sink at the late growth stages and its adaptive mechanisms in primitive wheat. To address this issue, a root-splitting design was made by inserting solid partition in the middle of the pot culture to induce the occurrence of nHRS using four wheat cultivars (MO1 and MO4, diploid; DM22 and DM31, tetraploid) as materials. Three water treatments were designed as 1) both halves watered (CK), 2) holistic root system watered then droughted (FS), 3) one-half of the root system watered and half droughted (PS). FS and PS were designed to compare the role of the full root system and split root system to induce nHRS. Leaves samples were collected during booting and anthesis to compare the role of nHRS at both growth stages. The data indicated that under PS treatment, ABA concentration was significantly higher than FS and CK, demonstrating the induction of nHRS in split root design and nHRS decreased cytokinin (ZR) levels, particularly in the PS treatment. Soluble sugar and proline accumulation were higher in the anthesis stage as compared to the booting stage. POD activity was higher at anthesis, while CAT was higher at the booting stage. Increased ABA (nHRS) correlated with source-sink relationships and metabolic rate (i.e., leaf) connecting other stress signals. Biomass density showed superior resource acquisition and utilization capabilities in both FS and PS treatment as compared to CK in all plants. Our findings indicate that nHRS-induced alterations in phytohormones and their effect on source-sink relations were allied with the growth stages in primitive wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfa Batool
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shi-Sheng Li
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
| | - Dong-Xia Yue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fazal Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hai-Xia Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guang-Chao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zeeshan Ul Haq
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Khalil Ahmed
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Yan-Wen Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun-Li Xiao
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China.
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Nguyen DT, Zavadil Kokáš F, Gonin M, Lavarenne J, Colin M, Gantet P, Bergougnoux V. Transcriptional changes during crown-root development and emergence in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:438. [PMID: 38778283 PMCID: PMC11110440 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roots play an important role during plant growth and development, ensuring water and nutrient uptake. Understanding the mechanisms regulating their initiation and development opens doors towards root system architecture engineering. RESULTS Here, we investigated by RNA-seq analysis the changes in gene expression in the barley stem base of 1 day-after-germination (DAG) and 10DAG seedlings when crown roots are formed. We identified 2,333 genes whose expression was lower in the stem base of 10DAG seedlings compared to 1DAG seedlings. Those genes were mostly related to basal cellular activity such as cell cycle organization, protein biosynthesis, chromatin organization, cytoskeleton organization or nucleotide metabolism. In opposite, 2,932 genes showed up-regulation in the stem base of 10DAG seedlings compared to 1DAG seedlings, and their function was related to phytohormone action, solute transport, redox homeostasis, protein modification, secondary metabolism. Our results highlighted genes that are likely involved in the different steps of crown root formation from initiation to primordia differentiation and emergence, and revealed the activation of different hormonal pathways during this process. CONCLUSIONS This whole transcriptomic study is the first study aiming at understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling crown root development in barley. The results shed light on crown root emergence that is likely associated with a strong cell wall modification, death of the cells covering the crown root primordium, and the production of defense molecules that might prevent pathogen infection at the site of root emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieu Thu Nguyen
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Filip Zavadil Kokáš
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Present address: Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Mathieu Gonin
- UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Lavarenne
- UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Myriam Colin
- UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Gantet
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Bergougnoux
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia.
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Baroi A, Ritu SA, Khan MSU, Uddin MN, Hossain MA, Haque MS. Abscisic acid and glycine betaine-mediated seed and root priming enhance seedling growth and antioxidative defense in wheat under drought. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30598. [PMID: 38742073 PMCID: PMC11089379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The extent of drought tolerance in the seedlings of three wheat cultivars (WMRI-1, BARI GOM-33 and BARI GOM-21) was investigated by seed and root priming using abscisic acid (ABA) and glycine betaine (GB). The seeds were primed with ABA (10 and 20 μM) and GB (50 and 100 mM) and grown in pots maintaining control (0 % PEG) and drought (10 % PEG) conditions. Under drought, the root and shoot length, root and shoot biomass were significantly increased in ABA and GB primed seedlings than non-primed seedlings in all cultivars. Among the priming agents, either 20 μM ABA or 50 mM GB triggered better seedling growth in all wheat cultivars. These two levels were then applied with the nutrient solution in the hydroponics following four treatments: Control, Drought, Drought + ABA and Drought + GB. The seedling growth significantly declined in drought, while an improved seedling growth was observed in ABA and GB-treated plants in all cultivars. A considerable increase in lipid peroxidation, proline content, total antioxidant capacity and total flavonoid content in roots and leaves were recorded in all drought conditions, while these values were considerably reduced in ABA and GB treatments. Hierarchical clustering heatmap using stress tolerance index (STI) values showed that Drought + ABA and Drought + GB secured higher STI scores suggesting a greater degree of drought tolerance in all cultivars. In conclusion, seed and root priming of ABA and GB enhanced drought tolerance in the wheat seedlings by improving seedling growth and antioxidative defense suggesting a declined state of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artho Baroi
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afroz Ritu
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shihab Uddine Khan
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nesar Uddin
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Alamgir Hossain
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sabibul Haque
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
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7
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Uzilday B, Takahashi K, Kobayashi A, Uzilday RO, Fujii N, Takahashi H, Turkan I. Role of Abscisic Acid, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ca 2+ Signaling in Hydrotropism-Drought Avoidance-Associated Response of Roots. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1220. [PMID: 38732435 PMCID: PMC11085316 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Plant roots exert hydrotropism in response to moisture gradients to avoid drought stress. The regulatory mechanism underlying hydrotropism involves novel regulators such as MIZ1 and GNOM/MIZ2 as well as abscisic acid (ABA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Ca2+ signaling. ABA, ROS, and Ca2+ signaling are also involved in plant responses to drought stress. Although the mechanism of moisture gradient perception remains largely unknown, the sensory apparatus has been reported to reside in the root elongation zone rather than in the root cap. In Arabidopsis roots, hydrotropism is mediated by the action of MIZ1 and ABA in the cortex of the elongation zone, the accumulation of ROS at the root curvature, and the variation in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in the entire root tip including the root cap and stele of the elongation zone. Moreover, root exposure to moisture gradients has been proposed to cause asymmetric ABA distribution or Ca2+ signaling, leading to the induction of the hydrotropic response. A comprehensive and detailed analysis of hydrotropism regulators and their signaling network in relation to the tissues required for their function is apparently crucial for understanding the mechanisms unique to root hydrotropism. Here, referring to studies on plant responses to drought stress, we summarize the recent findings relating to the role of ABA, ROS, and Ca2+ signaling in hydrotropism, discuss their functional sites and plausible networks, and raise some questions that need to be answered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Uzilday
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kaori Takahashi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Akie Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Rengin Ozgur Uzilday
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Research Center for Space Agriculture and Horticulture, Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
| | - Ismail Turkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Yasar University, University Street, No. 37-39, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey
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Russo G, Capitanio S, Trasoletti M, Morabito C, Korwin Krukowski P, Visentin I, Genre A, Schubert A, Cardinale F. Strigolactones promote the localization of the ABA exporter ABCG25 at the plasma membrane in root epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5881-5895. [PMID: 37519212 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormones strigolactones crosstalk with abscisic acid (ABA) in acclimation to osmotic stress, as ascertained in leaves. However, our knowledge about underground tissues is limited, and lacking in Arabidopsis: whether strigolactones affect ABA transport across plasma membranes has never been addressed. We evaluated the effect of strigolactones on the localization of ATP BINDING CASSETTE G25 (ABCG25), an ABA exporter in Arabidopsis thaliana. Wild-type, strigolactone-insensitive, and strigolactone-depleted seedlings expressing a green fluorescent protein:ABCG25 construct were treated with ABA or strigolactones, and green fluorescent protein was quantified by confocal microscopy in different subcellular compartments of epidermal root cells. We show that strigolactones promote the localization of an ABA transporter at the plasma membrane by enhancing its endosomal recycling. Genotypes altered in strigolactone synthesis or perception are not impaired in ABCG25 recycling promotion by ABA, which acts downstream or independent of strigolactones in this respect. Additionally, we confirm that osmotic stress decreases strigolactone synthesis in A. thaliana root cells, and that this decrease may support local ABA retention under low water availability by allowing ABCG25 internalization. Thus, we propose a new mechanism for ABA homeostasis regulation in the context of osmotic stress acclimation: the fine-tuning by strigolactones of ABCG25 localization in root cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Russo
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Serena Capitanio
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
- DBIOS, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Trasoletti
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Cristina Morabito
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Paolo Korwin Krukowski
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Ivan Visentin
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- DBIOS, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Schubert
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Francesca Cardinale
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
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9
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Zhang J, Zhao P, Chen S, Sun L, Mao J, Tan S, Xiang C. The ABI3-ERF1 module mediates ABA-auxin crosstalk to regulate lateral root emergence. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112809. [PMID: 37450369 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in lateral root (LR) development, but how ABA signaling interacts with auxin signaling to regulate LR formation is not well understood. Here, we report that ABA-responsive ERF1 mediates the crosstalk between ABA and auxin signaling to regulate Arabidopsis LR emergence. ABI3 is a negative factor in LR emergence and transcriptionally activates ERF1 by binding to its promoter, and reciprocally, ERF1 activates ABI3, which forms a regulatory loop that enables rapid signal amplification. Notably, ABI3 physically interacts with ERF1, reducing the cis element-binding activities of both ERF1 and ABI3 and thus attenuating the expression of ERF1-/ABI3-regulated genes involved in LR emergence and ABA signaling, such as PIN1, AUX1, ARF7, and ABI5, which may provide a molecular rheostat to avoid overamplification of auxin and ABA signaling. Taken together, our findings identify the role of the ABI3-ERF1 module in mediating crosstalk between ABA and auxin signaling in LR emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Pingxia Zhao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
| | - Siyan Chen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Liangqi Sun
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Jieli Mao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Shutang Tan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China
| | - Chengbin Xiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230027, China.
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10
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Mehdi SMM, Szczesniak MW, Ludwików A. The Bro1-like domain-containing protein, AtBro1, modulates growth and abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1157435. [PMID: 37251780 PMCID: PMC10213323 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1157435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) affects plant physiology by altering gene expression, enabling plants to adapt to a wide range of environments. Plants have evolved protective mechanisms to allow seed germination in harsh conditions. Here, we explore a subset of these mechanisms involving the AtBro1 gene, which encodes one of a small family of poorly characterised Bro1-like domain-containing proteins, in Arabidopsis thaliana plants subjected to multiple abiotic stresses. AtBro1 transcripts were upregulated by salt, ABA and mannitol stress, while AtBro1-overexpression lines demonstrated robust tolerance to drought and salt stress. Furthermore, we found that ABA elicits stress-resistance responses in loss-of-function bro1-1 mutant plants and AtBro1 regulates drought resistance in Arabidopsis. When the AtBro1 promoter was fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene and introduced into plants, GUS was expressed mainly in rosette leaves and floral clusters, especially in anthers. Using a construct expressing an AtBro1-GFP fusion protein, AtBro1 was found to be localized in the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis protoplasts. A broad RNA-sequencing analysis revealed specific quantitative differences in the early transcriptional responses to ABA treatment between wild-type and loss-of-function bro1-1 mutant plants, suggesting that ABA stimulates stress-resistance responses via AtBro1. Additionally, transcripts levels of MOP9.5, MRD1, HEI10, and MIOX4 were altered in bro1-1 plants exposed to different stress conditions. Collectively, our results show that AtBro1 plays a significant role in the regulation of the plant transcriptional response to ABA and the induction of resistance responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal Wojciech Szczesniak
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ludwików
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
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11
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Liu X, Xing Q, Liu X, Müller-Xing R. Expression of the Populus Orthologues of AtYY1, YIN and YANG Activates the Floral Identity Genes AGAMOUS and SEPALLATA3 Accelerating Floral Transition in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087639. [PMID: 37108801 PMCID: PMC10146089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
YIN YANG 1 (YY1) encodes a dual-function transcription factor, evolutionary conserved between the animal and plant kingdom. In Arabidopsis thaliana, AtYY1 is a negative regulator of ABA responses and floral transition. Here, we report the cloning and functional characterization of the two AtYY1 paralogs, YIN and YANG (also named PtYY1a and PtYY1b) from Populus (Populus trichocarpa). Although the duplication of YY1 occurred early during the evolution of the Salicaceae, YIN and YANG are highly conserved in the willow tree family. In the majority of Populus tissues, YIN was more strongly expressed than YANG. Subcellular analysis showed that YIN-GFP and YANG-GFP are mainly localized in the nuclei of Arabidopsis. Stable and constitutive expression of YIN and YANG resulted in curled leaves and accelerated floral transition of Arabidopsis plants, which was accompanied by high expression of the floral identity genes AGAMOUS (AG) and SEPELLATA3 (SEP3) known to promote leaf curling and early flowering. Furthermore, the expression of YIN and YANG had similar effects as AtYY1 overexpression to seed germination and root growth in Arabidopsis. Our results suggest that YIN and YANG are functional orthologues of the dual-function transcription factor AtYY1 with similar roles in plant development conserved between Arabidopsis and Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Liu
- Institute of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qian Xing
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Jiujiang 332900, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Institute of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ralf Müller-Xing
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Jiujiang 332900, China
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12
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Xu Y, Qian X, Li K, Zhou T, Tian Y, Yuan L, Wang Z, Yang J. Differential roles of abscisic acid in maize roots in the adaptation to soil drought. Food Energy Secur 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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13
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Qin H, Wang J, Zhou J, Qiao J, Li Y, Quan R, Huang R. Abscisic acid promotes auxin biosynthesis to inhibit primary root elongation in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1953-1967. [PMID: 36535001 PMCID: PMC10022642 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Soil compaction is a global problem causing inadequate rooting and poor yield in crops. Accumulating evidence indicates that phytohormones coordinately regulate root growth via regulating specific growth processes in distinct tissues. However, how abscisic acid (ABA) signaling translates into auxin production to control root growth during adaptation to different soil environments is still unclear. In this study, we report that ABA has biphasic effects on primary root growth in rice (Oryza sativa) through an auxin biosynthesis-mediated process, causing suppression of root elongation and promotion of root swelling in response to soil compaction. We found that ABA treatment induced the expression of auxin biosynthesis genes and auxin accumulation in roots. Conversely, blocking auxin biosynthesis reduced ABA sensitivity in roots, showing longer and thinner primary roots with larger root meristem size and smaller root diameter. Further investigation revealed that the transcription factor basic region and leucine zipper 46 (OsbZIP46), involved in ABA signaling, can directly bind to the YUCCA8/rice ethylene-insensitive 7 (OsYUC8/REIN7) promoter to activate its expression, and genetic analysis revealed that OsYUC8/REIN7 is located downstream of OsbZIP46. Moreover, roots of mutants defective in ABA or auxin biosynthesis displayed the enhanced ability to penetrate compacted soil. Thus, our results disclose the mechanism in which ABA employs auxin as a downstream signal to modify root elongation and radial expansion, resulting in short and swollen roots impaired in their ability to penetrate compacted soil. These findings provide avenues for breeders to select crops resilient to soil compaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qin
- Authors for correspondence: (H.Q.); (R.H.)
| | | | | | - Jinzhu Qiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruidang Quan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
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14
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Chen HC, Huang SC, Chen YF, Kuo CW, Chen YH, Chang MC. Overexpression of OsERF106MZ promotes parental root growth in rice seedlings by relieving the ABA-mediated inhibition of root growth under salinity stress conditions. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:144. [PMID: 36922804 PMCID: PMC10018881 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roots are essential for plant growth and have a variety of functions, such as anchoring the plant to the ground, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, and sensing abiotic stresses, among others. OsERF106MZ is a salinity-induced gene that is expressed in germinating seeds and rice seedling roots. However, the roles of OsERF106MZ in root growth remain poorly understood. RESULTS Histochemical staining to examine β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in transgenic rice seedlings harboring OsERF106MZp::GUS indicated that OsERF106MZ is mainly expressed in the root exodermis, sclerenchyma layer, and vascular system. OsERF106MZ overexpression in rice seedlings leads to an increase in primary root (PR) length. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is thought to act as a hidden architect of root system structure. The expression of the ABA biosynthetic gene OsAO3 is downregulated in OsERF106MZ-overexpressing roots under normal conditions, while the expression of OsNPC3, an AtNPC4 homolog involved in ABA sensitivity, is reduced in OsERF106MZ-overexpressing roots under both normal and NaCl-treated conditions. Under normal conditions, OsERF106MZ-overexpressing roots show a significantly reduced ABA level; moreover, exogenous application of 1.0 µM ABA can suppress OsERF106MZ-mediated root growth promotion. Additionally, OsERF106MZ-overexpressing roots display less sensitivity to ABA-mediated root growth inhibition when treated with 5.0 µM ABA under normal conditions or exposed to NaCl-treated conditions. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR and luciferase (LUC) reporter assays showed that OsERF106MZ can bind directly to the sequence containing the GCC box in the promoter region of the OsAO3 gene and repress the expression of OsAO3. CONCLUSIONS OsERF106MZ may play a role in maintaining root growth for resource uptake when rice seeds germinate under salinity stress by alleviating ABA-mediated root growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Fu Chen
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Che-Wei Kuo
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Men-Chi Chang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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15
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Tokić M, Leljak Levanić D, Ludwig-Müller J, Bauer N. Growth and Molecular Responses of Tomato to Prolonged and Short-Term Heat Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054456. [PMID: 36901887 PMCID: PMC10002527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes are one of the most important vegetables for human consumption. In the Mediterranean's semi-arid and arid regions, where tomatoes are grown in the field, global average surface temperatures are predicted to increase. We investigated tomato seed germination at elevated temperatures and the impact of two different heat regimes on seedlings and adult plants. Selected exposures to 37 °C and heat waves at 45 °C mirrored frequent summer conditions in areas with a continental climate. Exposure to 37 °C or 45 °C differently affected seedlings' root development. Both heat stresses inhibited primary root length, while lateral root number was significantly suppressed only after exposure to 37 °C. Heat stress treatments induced significant accumulation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and reduced abscisic acid (ABA) levels in seedlings. As opposed to the heat wave treatment, exposure to 37 °C increased the accumulation of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), which may have been involved in the root architecture modification of seedlings. Generally, more drastic phenotypic changes (chlorosis and wilting of leaves and bending of stems) were found in both seedlings and adult plants after the heat wave-like treatment. This was also reflected by proline, malondialdehyde and heat shock protein HSP90 accumulation. The gene expression of heat stress-related transcription factors was perturbed and DREB1 was shown to be the most consistent heat stress marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Tokić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Leljak Levanić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nataša Bauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-4606263
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16
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Chen W, Mou X, Meng P, Chen J, Tang X, Meng G, Xin K, Zhang Y, Wang C. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculation on the growth and nitrogen metabolism of Catalpa bungei C.A.Mey. under different nitrogen levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138184. [PMID: 36909441 PMCID: PMC9996104 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may promote the growth of woody plants. However, the effects of AMF on nitrogen (N) metabolism in plants, especially trees, and its regulatory mechanism are rarely reported. Here, the effects of AMF inoculation on the growth and N nutrition status of Catalpa bungei under different N levels were reported. Three N levels (low, medium, high) and two mycorrhizal inoculation treatments (inoculation with Rhizophagus intraradices or not) were used with factorial design. The results showed that medium N could significantly improve the physiological metabolism and growth of C. bungei seedlings. However, when N was excessive, growth was significantly inhibited whether inoculated AMF or not. Compared with non-inoculated treatments, AMF inoculation could promote the absorption of N and P, improve photosynthesis under low to medium N levels, thus promoting the growth of seedlings. AMF changed the biomass allocation in seedlings by reducing the stem mass ratio and root/shoot ratio, and increasing the leaf mass ratio. At medium N levels, compared with non-inoculated treatment, AMF inoculation could significantly promote root growth by changing root hormone levels and improving root architecture and root activity. Under N addition, AMF inoculation could improve the absorption and assimilation of N by regulating the expression of key enzyme genes of N metabolism and nitrate transporter genes (NRT2.4, NRT2.5, NRT2.7) in roots, and enhancing the activities of the key enzyme of N metabolism. This study may provide a reference for the application of AMF in the cultivation and afforestation technology of C. bungei in Northwest China.
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17
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Ahmad N, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Hussain I, Yang X. Insights on Phytohormonal Crosstalk in Plant Response to Nitrogen Stress: A Focus on Plant Root Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043631. [PMID: 36835044 PMCID: PMC9958644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a vital mineral component that can restrict the growth and development of plants if supplied inappropriately. In order to benefit their growth and development, plants have complex physiological and structural responses to changes in their nitrogen supply. As higher plants have multiple organs with varying functions and nutritional requirements, they coordinate their responses at the whole-plant level based on local and long-distance signaling pathways. It has been suggested that phytohormones are signaling substances in such pathways. The nitrogen signaling pathway is closely associated with phytohormones such as auxin (AUX), abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ETH), brassinosteroid (BR), strigolactones (SLs), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA). Recent research has shed light on how nitrogen and phytohormones interact to modulate physiology and morphology. This review provides a summary of the research on how phytohormone signaling affects root system architecture (RSA) in response to nitrogen availability. Overall, this review contributes to identifying recent developments in the interaction between phytohormones and N, as well as serving as a foundation for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhengjie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Institute of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Enzymatic Investigation of Spongospora subterranea Zoospore Attachment to Roots of Potato Cultivars Resistant or Susceptible to Powdery Scab Disease. Proteomes 2023; 11:proteomes11010007. [PMID: 36810563 PMCID: PMC9944879 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
For potato crops, host resistance is currently the most effective and sustainable tool to manage diseases caused by the plasmodiophorid Spongospora subterranea. Arguably, zoospore root attachment is the most critical phase of infection; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the potential role of root-surface cell-wall polysaccharides and proteins in cultivars resistant/susceptible to zoospore attachment. We first compared the effects of enzymatic removal of root cell-wall proteins, N-linked glycans and polysaccharides on S. subterranea attachment. Subsequent analysis of peptides released by trypsin shaving (TS) of root segments identified 262 proteins that were differentially abundant between cultivars. These were enriched in root-surface-derived peptides but also included intracellular proteins, e.g., proteins associated with glutathione metabolism and lignin biosynthesis, which were more abundant in the resistant cultivar. Comparison with whole-root proteomic analysis of the same cultivars identified 226 proteins specific to the TS dataset, of which 188 were significantly different. Among these, the pathogen-defence-related cell-wall protein stem 28 kDa glycoprotein and two major latex proteins were significantly less abundant in the resistant cultivar. A further major latex protein was reduced in the resistant cultivar in both the TS and whole-root datasets. In contrast, three glutathione S-transferase proteins were more abundant in the resistant cultivar (TS-specific), while the protein glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase was increased in both datasets. These results imply a particular role for major latex proteins and glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase in regulating zoospore binding to potato roots and susceptibility to S. subterranea.
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19
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Root ABA Accumulation Delays Lateral Root Emergence in Osmotically Stressed Barley Plants by Decreasing Root Primordial IAA Accumulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ijpb14010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased auxin levels in root primordia are important in controlling root branching, while their interaction with abscisic acid (ABA) likely regulates lateral root development in water-deficient plants. The role of ABA accumulation in regulating root branching was investigated using immunolocalization to detect auxin (indoleacetic acid, IAA) and ABA (abscisic acid) in root primordia of the ABA-deficient barley mutant Az34 and its parental genotype (cv. Steptoe) barley plants. Osmotic stress strongly inhibited lateral root branching in Steptoe plants, but hardly affected Az34. Root primordial cells of Steptoe plants had increased immunostaining for ABA but diminished staining for IAA. ABA did not accumulate in root primordia of the Az34, and IAA levels and distribution were unaltered. Treating Az34 plants with exogenous ABA decreased root IAA concentration, while increasing root primordial ABA accumulation and decreasing root primordial IAA concentration. Although ABA treatment of Az34 plants increased the root primordial number, it decreased the number of visible emerged lateral roots. These effects were qualitatively similar to that of osmotic stress on the number of lateral root primordia and emerged lateral roots in Steptoe. Thus ABA accumulation (and its crosstalk with auxin) in root primordia seems important in regulating lateral root branching in response to water stress.
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20
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Bowerman AF, Byrt CS, Roy SJ, Whitney SM, Mortimer JC, Ankeny RA, Gilliham M, Zhang D, Millar AA, Rebetzke GJ, Pogson BJ. Potential abiotic stress targets for modern genetic manipulation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:139-161. [PMID: 36377770 PMCID: PMC9806601 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Research into crop yield and resilience has underpinned global food security, evident in yields tripling in the past 5 decades. The challenges that global agriculture now faces are not just to feed 10+ billion people within a generation, but to do so under a harsher, more variable, and less predictable climate, and in many cases with less water, more expensive inputs, and declining soil quality. The challenges of climate change are not simply to breed for a "hotter drier climate," but to enable resilience to floods and droughts and frosts and heat waves, possibly even within a single growing season. How well we prepare for the coming decades of climate variability will depend on our ability to modify current practices, innovate with novel breeding methods, and communicate and work with farming communities to ensure viability and profitability. Here we define how future climates will impact farming systems and growing seasons, thereby identifying the traits and practices needed and including exemplars being implemented and developed. Critically, this review will also consider societal perspectives and public engagement about emerging technologies for climate resilience, with participatory approaches presented as the best approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Bowerman
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Caitlin S Byrt
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Stuart John Roy
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Spencer M Whitney
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jenny C Mortimer
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Rachel A Ankeny
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Humanities, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony A Millar
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Greg J Rebetzke
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Barry J Pogson
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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21
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Falik O, Novoplansky A. Is ABA the exogenous vector of interplant drought cuing? PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2129295. [PMID: 36200554 PMCID: PMC9542707 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2129295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that root cuing from drought-stressed plants increased the survival time of neighboring plants under drought, which came at performance costs under benign conditions. The involvement of abscisic acid (ABA) was implicated from additional experiments in which interplant drought cuing was greatly diminished in ABA-deficient plants. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ABA is the exogenous vector of interplant drought cuing. Pisum sativum plants were grown in rows of three split-root plants. One of the roots of the first plant was subjected to either drought of benign conditions in one rooting vial, while its other root shared its rooting vial with one of the roots of an unstressed neighbor, which in turn shared its other rooting vial with an additional unstressed neighbor. One hour after subjecting one of the roots of the first plant to drought, ABA concentrations were 106% and 145% higher around its other root and the roots of its unstressed neighbor, compared to their respective unstressed controls; however, the absolute concentrations of ABA found in the rooting media were substantially low. The results may indicate that despite its involvement in interplant drought and the commonly observed exchange of ABA between drought-stressed plants and their rhizospheres, ABA is not directly involved in exogenous interplant drought cuing. However, previous studies have shown that even minute concentrations of ABA in the rhizosphere can prevent ABA leakage from roots and thus to significantly increase endogenous ABA levels. In addition, under drought conditions, plants tend to accumulate ABA, which could markedly increase internal ABA concentrations over time and ABA concentrations in close proximity to the root surface might be significantly greater than estimated from entire rooting volumes. Finally, phaseic acid, an ABA degradation product, is known to activate various ABA receptors, which could enhance plant drought tolerance. It is thus feasible that while the role of ABA is limited, its more stable degradation products could play a significant role in interplant drought cuing. Our preliminary findings call for an extensive investigation into the identity and modes of operation of the exogenous vectors of interplant drought cuing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Falik
- Achva Academic College, Ashqelon, Israel
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | - Ariel Novoplansky
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
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22
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Does Potassium (K +) Contribute to High-Nitrate (NO 3-) Weakening of a Plant's Defense System against Necrotrophic Fungi? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415631. [PMID: 36555267 PMCID: PMC9778958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this opinion article, we have analyzed the relevancy of a hypothesis which is based on the idea that in Arabidopsis thaliana jasmonic acid, a (JA)-mediated defense system against necrotrophic fungi is weakened when NO3- supply is high. Such a hypothesis is based on the fact that when NO3- supply is high, it induces an increase in the amount of bioactive ABA which induces the sequestration of the phosphatase ABI2 (PP2C) into the PYR/PYL/RCAR receptor. Consequently, the Ca sensors CBL1/9-CIPK23 are not dephosphorylated by ABI2, thus remaining able to phosphorylate targets such as AtNPF6.3 and AtKAT1, which are NO3- and K+ transporters, respectively. Therefore, the impact of phosphorylation on the regulation of these two transporters, could (1) reduce NO3- influx as in its phosphorylated state AtNPF6.3 shifts to low capacity state and (2) increase K+ influx, as in its phosphorylated state KAT1 becomes more active. It is also well known that in roots, K+ loading in the xylem and its transport to the shoot is activated in the presence of NO3-. As such, the enrichment of plant tissues in K+ can impair a jasmonic acid (JA) regulatory pathway and the induction of the corresponding biomarkers. The latter are known to be up-regulated under K+ deficiency and inhibited when K+ is resupplied. We therefore suggest that increased K+ uptake and tissue content induced by high NO3- supply modifies the JA regulatory pathway, resulting in a weakened JA-mediated plant's defense system against necrotrophic fungi.
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Cisse EHM, Zhang J, Li DD, Miao LF, Yin LY, Yang F. Exogenous ABA and IAA modulate physiological and hormonal adaptation strategies in Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium jambos under long-term waterlogging conditions. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:523. [PMID: 36357840 PMCID: PMC9648000 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms of abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin (IAA) in inducing adventitious root (AR) formation, biomass accumulation, and plant development under long-term waterlogging (LT-WL) conditions are largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the roles of exogenous application of ABA and IAA in two woody plants (Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium jambos) under LT-WL conditions. A pot experiment was conducted using a complete randomized design with two factors: (i) LT-WL and (ii) application of exogenous phytohormones (ABA and IAA) for 120 d. RESULTS Results revealed that exogenous ABA and IAA promoted LT-WL tolerance in both species. In C. operculatus and S. jambos, plant height, the number of blades, leaf area, and fresh shoot weight were increased by exogenous IAA under LT-WL. However, exogenous ABA affected more the adventitious and primary root in C. operculatus compared to S. jambos. LT-WL decreased drastically the photosynthetic activities in both species, but adding moderate amounts of exogenous ABA or IAA protected the photosynthesis apparatus under LT-WL. Exogenous phytohormones at certain levels decreased the superoxide anion level and malondialdehyde accumulation in plants under LT-WL. Also, the increase of the peroxidases and superoxide dismutase activities by exogenous phytohormones was more marked in C. operculatus compared to S. jambos. Meanwhile, the catalase activity was down-regulated in both species by exogenous phytohormones. Exogenous ABA or IAA positively regulated the jasmonic acid content in ARs under LT-WL. Moderate application of exogenous ABA or IAA in plants under LT-WL decreased the ABA content in the leaves. Lower accumulation of IAA and ABA in the leaves of C. operculatus under LT-WL was positively correlated with a decrease in antioxidant activity. CONCLUSIONS Lastly, C. operculatus which has greater morphology indexes was more tolerant to waterlogging than S. jambos. Moreover, the adaptive strategies via exogenous ABA were more built around the below-ground biomass indexes particularly in C. operculatus, while exogenous IAA backed the above-ground biomass in both species. Overall, the exogenous hormones applied (spraying or watering) influenced differentially the plant's responses to LT-WL. The phytohormonal profile of plants exposed to waterlogging stress varied depending on the species' tolerance level.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Hadji Malick Cisse
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Da-Dong Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ling-Feng Miao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Li-Yan Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Feng X, Jia L, Cai Y, Guan H, Zheng D, Zhang W, Xiong H, Zhou H, Wen Y, Hu Y, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wu F, Xu J, Lu Y. ABA-inducible DEEPER ROOTING 1 improves adaptation of maize to water deficiency. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:2077-2088. [PMID: 35796628 PMCID: PMC9616520 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Root architecture remodelling is critical for forage moisture in water-limited soil. DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1) in Oryza, Arabidopsis, and Prunus has been reported to improve drought avoidance by promoting roots to grow downward and acquire water from deeper soil. In the present study, we found that ZmDRO1 responded more strongly to abscisic acid (ABA)/drought induction in Zea mays ssp. mexicana, an ancestral species of cultivated maize, than in B73. It was proposed that this is one of the reasons why Zea mays ssp. mexicana has a more noticeable change in the downward direction angle of the root and fewer biomass penalties under water-deficient conditions. Thus, a robust, synthetic ABA/drought-inducible promoter was used to control the expression of ZmDRO1B73 in Arabidopsis and cultivated maize for drought-resistant breeding. Interestingly, ABA-inducible ZmDRO1 promoted a larger downward root angle and improved grain yield by more than 40% under water-limited conditions. Collectively, these results revealed that different responses to ABA/drought induction of ZmDRO1 confer different drought avoidance abilities, and we demonstrated the application of ZmDRO1 via an ABA-inducible strategy to alter the root architecture of modern maize to improve drought adaptation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityWenjingChina
| | - Li Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Yunting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Huarui Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Dan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Weixiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Hao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Hanmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Yue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Qingjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Fengkai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
| | - Yanli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaWenjingChina
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityWenjingChina
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25
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Ke D, Guo J, Li K, Wang Y, Han X, Fu W, Miao Y, Jia KP. Carotenoid-derived bioactive metabolites shape plant root architecture to adapt to the rhizospheric environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:986414. [PMID: 36388571 PMCID: PMC9643742 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.986414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Roots are important plant organs for the uptake of water and nutrient elements. Plant root development is finely regulated by endogenous signals and environmental cues, which shapes the root system architecture to optimize the plant growth and adapt to the rhizospheric environments. Carotenoids are precursors of plant hormones strigolactones (SLs) and ABA, as well as multiple bioactive molecules. Numerous studies have demonstrated SLs and ABA as essential regulators of plant root growth and development. In addition, a lot carotenoid-derived bioactive metabolites are recently identified as plant root growth regulators, such as anchorene, β-cyclocitral, retinal and zaxinone. However, our knowledge on how these metabolites affect the root architecture to cope with various stressors and how they interact with each other during these processes is still quite limited. In the present review, we will briefly introduce the biosynthesis of carotenoid-derived root regulators and elaborate their biological functions on root development and architecture, focusing on their contribution to the rhizospheric environmental adaption of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jinggong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaomeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kun-Peng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Shen C, Yang YM, Sun YF, Zhang M, Chen XJ, Huang YY. The regulatory role of abscisic acid on cadmium uptake, accumulation and translocation in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:953717. [PMID: 36176683 PMCID: PMC9513065 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To date, Cd contamination of cropland and crops is receiving more and more attention around the world. As a plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in Cd stress response, but its effect on plant Cd uptake and translocation varies among plant species. In some species, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Brassica chinensis, Populus euphratica, Lactuca sativa, and Solanum lycopersicum, ABA inhibits Cd uptake and translocation, while in other species, such as Solanum photeinocarpum and Boehmeria nivea, ABA severs the opposite effect. Interestingly, differences in the methods and concentrations of ABA addition also triggered the opposite result of Cd uptake and translocation in Sedum alfredii. The regulatory mechanism of ABA involved in Cd uptake and accumulation in plants is still not well-established. Therefore, we summarized the latest studies on the ABA synthesis pathway and comparatively analyzed the physiological and molecular mechanisms related to ABA uptake, translocation, and detoxification of Cd in plants at different ABA concentrations or among different species. We believe that the control of Cd uptake and accumulation in plant tissues can be achieved by the appropriate ABA application methods and concentrations in plants.
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27
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Smoczynska A, Pacak A, Grabowska A, Bielewicz D, Zadworny M, Singh K, Dolata J, Bajczyk M, Nuc P, Kesy J, Wozniak M, Ratajczak I, Harwood W, Karlowski WM, Jarmolowski A, Szweykowska-Kulinska Z. Excess nitrogen responsive HvMADS27 transcription factor controls barley root architecture by regulating abscisic acid level. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:950796. [PMID: 36172555 PMCID: PMC9511987 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.950796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important element for plant growth and development. Although several studies have examined plants' response to N deficiency, studies on plants' response to excess N, which is common in fertilizer-based agrosystems, are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the response of barley to excess N conditions, specifically the root response. Additionally, genomic mechanism of excess N response in barley was elucidated using transcriptomic technologies. The results of the study showed that barley MADS27 transcription factor was mainly expressed in the roots and its gene contained N-responsive cis-regulatory elements in the promoter region. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in HvMADS27 expression under excess N condition; however, its expression was not significantly affected under low N condition. Phenotypic analysis of the root system of HvMADS27 knockdown and overexpressing barley plants revealed that HvMADS27 regulates barley root architecture under excess N stress. Further analysis of wild-type (WT) and transgenic barley plants (hvmads27 kd and hvmads27 c-Myc OE) revealed that HvMADS27 regulates the expression of HvBG1 β-glucosidase, which in turn regulates abscisic acid (ABA) level in roots. Overall, the findings of this study showed that HvMADS27 expression is downregulated in barley roots under excess N stress, which induces HvBG1 expression, leading to the release of ABA from ABA-glucose conjugate, and consequent shortening of the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Smoczynska
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pacak
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Grabowska
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dawid Bielewicz
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Zadworny
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Kashmir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jakub Dolata
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bajczyk
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Nuc
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Kesy
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wozniak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Ratajczak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wendy Harwood
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Wojciech M. Karlowski
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Jarmolowski
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zofia Szweykowska-Kulinska
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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28
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Alcalde MA, Müller M, Munné-Bosch S, Landín M, Gallego PP, Bonfill M, Palazon J, Hidalgo-Martinez D. Using machine learning to link the influence of transferred Agrobacterium rhizogenes genes to the hormone profile and morphological traits in Centella asiatica hairy roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1001023. [PMID: 36119596 PMCID: PMC9479193 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hairy roots are made after the integration of a small set of genes from Agrobacterium rhizogenes in the plant genome. Little is known about how this small set is linked to their hormone profile, which determines development, morphology, and levels of secondary metabolite production. We used C. asiatica hairy root line cultures to determine the putative links between the rol and aux gene expressions with morphological traits, a hormone profile, and centelloside production. The results obtained after 14 and 28 days of culture were processed via multivariate analysis and machine-learning processes such as random forest, supported vector machines, linear discriminant analysis, and neural networks. This allowed us to obtain models capable of discriminating highly productive root lines from their levels of genetic expression (rol and aux genes) or from their hormone profile. In total, 12 hormones were evaluated, resulting in 10 being satisfactorily detected. Within this set of hormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin isopentenyl adenosine (IPA) were found to be critical in defining the morphological traits and centelloside content. The results showed that IPA brings more benefits to the biotechnological platform. Additionally, we determined the degree of influence of each of the evaluated genes on the individual hormone profile, finding that aux1 has a significant influence on the IPA profile, while the rol genes are closely linked to the ABA profile. Finally, we effectively verified the gene influence on these two specific hormones through feeding experiments that aimed to reverse the effect on root morphology and centelloside content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Alcalde
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maren Müller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Landín
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Group I+D Farma (GI-1645), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pedro Pablo Gallego
- Agrobiotech for Health, Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Mercedes Bonfill
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Palazon
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Hidalgo-Martinez
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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ABA represses TOR and root meristem activity through nuclear exit of the SnRK1 kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204862119. [PMID: 35787039 PMCID: PMC9282376 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204862119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) promotes plant tolerance to major stresses such as drought, partly by modulating growth through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we show that ABA-triggered repression of cell proliferation in the Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem relies on the swift subcellular relocalization of SNF1-RELATED KINASE 1 (SnRK1). Under favorable conditions, the SnRK1 catalytic subunit, SnRK1α1, is enriched in the nuclei of root cells, and this is accompanied by normal cell proliferation and meristem size. Depletion of two key drivers of ABA signaling, SnRK2.2 and SnRK2.3, causes constitutive cytoplasmic localization of SnRK1α1 and reduced meristem size, suggesting that, under nonstress conditions, SnRK2s promote growth by retaining SnRK1α1 in the nucleus. In response to ABA, SnRK1α1 translocates to the cytoplasm, and this is accompanied by inhibition of target of rapamycin (TOR), decreased cell proliferation, and reduced meristem size. Blocking nuclear export with leptomycin B abrogates ABA-driven SnRK1α1 relocalization to the cytoplasm and ABA-elicited inhibition of TOR. Furthermore, fusing SnRK1α1 to an SV40 nuclear localization signal leads to defective ABA-dependent TOR repression. Altogether, we demonstrate that SnRK2-dependent changes in SnRK1α1 subcellular localization are crucial for inhibiting TOR and root growth in response to ABA. Rapid relocalization of central regulators such as SnRK1 may represent a general strategy of eukaryotic organisms to respond to environmental changes.
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30
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Miao R, Russinova E, Rodriguez PL. Tripartite hormonal regulation of plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:588-600. [PMID: 35034860 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme activity of the plasma membrane (PM) proton pump, well known as arabidopsis PM H+-ATPase (AHA) in the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), is controlled by phosphorylation. Three different classes of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli, at least in part by modulating the activity of the pump through phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr residue in its carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding this tripartite hormonal AHA regulation and highlight mechanisms of activation and deactivation, as well as the significance of hormonal crosstalk. Understanding the complexity of PM H+-ATPase regulation in plants might provide new strategies for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain.
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31
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Kořínková N, Fontana IM, Nguyen TD, Pouramini P, Bergougnoux V, Hensel G. Enhancing cereal productivity by genetic modification of root architecture. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100505. [PMID: 35537849 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Food security is one of the main topics of today's agriculture, primarily due to increasingly challenging environmental conditions. As most of humankind has a daily intake of cereal grains, current breeding programs focus on these crop plants. Customised endonucleases have been included in the breeders' toolbox after successfully demonstrating their use. Due to technological restrictions, the main focus of the new technology was on above-ground plant organs. In contrast, the essential below ground components were given only limited attention. In the present review, the knowledge of the root system architecture in cereals and the role of phytohormones during their establishment is summarized, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are outlined. The review summarizes how the use of CRISPR-based genome editing methodology can improve the root system architecture to enhance crop production genetically. Finally, future research directions involving this knowledge and technical advances are suggested. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Kořínková
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, CZ-78371.,Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, CZ-78371
| | - Irene M Fontana
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Plant Reproductive Biology, D-06466 Seeland OT, Gatersleben
| | - Thu D Nguyen
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, CZ-78371.,Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, CZ-78371
| | - Pouneh Pouramini
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Plant Reproductive Biology, D-06466 Seeland OT, Gatersleben
| | - Véronique Bergougnoux
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, CZ-78371
| | - Goetz Hensel
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, CZ-78371.,Centre for Plant Genome Engineering, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, D-40225, Dusseldorf
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Pan R, Buitrago S, Feng Z, Abou-Elwafa SF, Xu L, Li C, Zhang W. HvbZIP21, a Novel Transcription Factor From Wild Barley Confers Drought Tolerance by Modulating ROS Scavenging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:878459. [PMID: 35528943 PMCID: PMC9074790 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a common environmental stress, which adversely affects the yield and quality of crops. Due to its excellent drought tolerance, wild barley from the Middle East region is considered a valuable source for barley improvement. Here, we compared the growth rate, stomatal regulation and capacity to metabolize reactive oxygen species (ROS) of two barley cultivars and one wild barley accession. The results indicated the wild barley EC_S1 showed a more significant decline in stomatal aperture and less ROS production. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that EC_S1 has slower transcriptional regulation (5,050 DEGs) in the early stage of drought stress (14 days) than Baudin (7,022 DEGs) and Tadmor (6,090 DEGs). In addition, 30 hub genes, including nine known drought-related genes were identified by WGCNA analysis. Then, we cloned a novel bZIP transcription factor, HvbZIP21, from EC_S1. HvbZIP21 was subcellularly targeted to the nucleus. Overexpression of HvbZIP21 in Arabidopsis enhanced drought tolerance due to increasing activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities as well as glutathione content. Silencing of HvbZIP21 in EC_S1 suppressed drought tolerance in BSMV:HvbZIP21-inoculated plants. Taken together, our findings suggest that HvbZIP21 play a critical role in drought tolerance by manipulating ROS scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pan
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sebastian Buitrago
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhenbao Feng
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | | | - Le Xu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Suwanchaikasem P, Idnurm A, Selby-Pham J, Walker R, Boughton BA. Root-TRAPR: a modular plant growth device to visualize root development and monitor growth parameters, as applied to an elicitor response of Cannabis sativa. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:46. [PMID: 35397608 PMCID: PMC8994333 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00875-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant growth devices, for example, rhizoponics, rhizoboxes, and ecosystem fabrication (EcoFAB), have been developed to facilitate studies of plant root morphology and plant-microbe interactions in controlled laboratory settings. However, several of these designs are suitable only for studying small model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Brachypodium distachyon and therefore require modification to be extended to larger plant species like crop plants. In addition, specific tools and technical skills needed for fabricating these devices may not be available to researchers. Hence, this study aimed to establish an alternative protocol to generate a larger, modular and reusable plant growth device based on different available resources. RESULTS Root-TRAPR (Root-Transparent, Reusable, Affordable three-dimensional Printed Rhizo-hydroponic) system was successfully developed. It consists of two main parts, an internal root growth chamber and an external structural frame. The internal root growth chamber comprises a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) gasket, microscope slide and acrylic sheet, while the external frame is printed from a three-dimensional (3D) printer and secured with nylon screws. To test the efficiency and applicability of the system, industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) was grown with or without exposure to chitosan, a well-known plant elicitor used for stimulating plant defense. Plant root morphology was detected in the system, and plant tissues were easily collected and processed to examine plant biological responses. Upon chitosan treatment, chitinase and peroxidase activities increased in root tissues (1.7- and 2.3-fold, respectively) and exudates (7.2- and 21.6-fold, respectively). In addition, root to shoot ratio of phytohormone contents were increased in response to chitosan. Within 2 weeks of observation, hemp plants exhibited dwarf growth in the Root-TRAPR system, easing plant handling and allowing increased replication under limited growing space. CONCLUSION The Root-TRAPR system facilitates the exploration of root morphology and root exudate of C. sativa under controlled conditions and at a smaller scale. The device is easy to fabricate and applicable for investigating plant responses toward elicitor challenge. In addition, this fabrication protocol is adaptable to study other plants and can be applied to investigate plant physiology in different biological contexts, such as plant responses against biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Idnurm
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jamie Selby-Pham
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Nutrifield Pty Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, 3020, Australia
| | - Robert Walker
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Berin A Boughton
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
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Lu R, Chen Y, Zhang X, Feng Y, Comes HP, Li Z, Zheng Z, Yuan Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Guo Y, Sun G, Olsen KM, Chen J, Qiu Y. Genome sequencing and transcriptome analyses provide insights into the origin and domestication of water caltrop (Trapa spp., Lythraceae). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:761-776. [PMID: 34861095 PMCID: PMC8989495 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Humans have domesticated diverse species from across the plant kingdom; however, our current understanding of plant domestication is largely founded on major cereal crops. Here, we examine the evolutionary processes and genetic basis underlying the domestication of water caltrop (Trapa spp., Lythraceae), a traditional, yet presently underutilized non-cereal crop that sustained early Chinese agriculturalists. We generated a chromosome-level genome assembly of tetraploid T. natans, and then divided the allotetraploid genome into two subgenomes. Based on resequencing data from 57 accessions, representing cultivated diploid T. natans, wild T. natans (2x and 4x) and diploid T. incisa, we showed that water caltrop was likely first domesticated in the Yangtze River Valley as early as 6300 yr BP, and experienced a second improvement c. 800 years ago. We also provided strong support for an allotetraploid origin of T. natans within the past 230 000-310 000 years. By integrating selective sweep and transcriptome profiling analyses, we identified a number of genes potentially selected and/or differentially expressed during domestication, some of which likely contributed not only to larger fruit sizes but also to a more vigorous root system, facilitating nutrient uptake, environmental stress response and underwater photosynthesis. Our results shed light on the evolutionary and domestication history of water caltrop, one of the earliest domesticated crops in China. This study has implications for genomic-assisted breeding of this presently underutilized aquatic plant, and improves our general understanding of plant domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui‐Sen Lu
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of BotanyJiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Yang Chen
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xin‐Yi Zhang
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yu Feng
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | | | - Zheng Li
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - Zhai‐Sheng Zheng
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery)JinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Ye Yuan
- Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiaxingChina
| | - Ling‐Yun Wang
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery)JinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Zi‐Jian Huang
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and MuseologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Guo‐Ping Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Institute of Cultural Relics and ArchaeologyHangzhouChina
| | - Kenneth M. Olsen
- Department of BiologyWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA
| | - Jun Chen
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ying‐Xiong Qiu
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubeiChina
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Hiroguchi A, Nakamura K, Fujita T. Abscisic acid switches cell division modes of asymmetric cell division and symmetric cell division in stem cells of protonemal filaments in the moss Physcomitrium patens. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2022; 39:13-17. [PMID: 35800966 PMCID: PMC9200082 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.0107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms regulate cell numbers and cell fate by using asymmetric cell division (ACD) and symmetric cell division (SCD) during their development and to adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions. A stem cell self-renews and generates differentiated cells. In plants, various types of cells are produced by ACD or SCD; however, the molecular mechanisms of ACD or SCD and the cell division mode switch are largely unknown. The moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens is a suitable model to study plant stem cells due to its simple anatomy. Here, we report the cell division mode switch induced by abscisic acid (ABA) in P. patens. ABA is synthesized in response to abiotic stresses and induces round-shape cells, called brood cells, from cylindrical protonemal cells. Although two daughter cells with distinct sizes were produced by ACD in a protonemal stem cell on ABA-free media, the sizes of two daughter cells became similar with ABA treatment. Actin microfilaments were spatially localized on the apices of apical stem cells in protonemata on ABA-free media, but the polar accumulation was lost under the condition of ABA treatment. Moreover, ABA treatment conferred an identical cell fate to the daughter cells in terms of cell division activity. Collectively, the results indicate ABA may suppress the ACD characteristics but evoke SCD in cells. We also noticed that ABA-induced brood cells not only self-renewed but regenerated protonemal cells when ABA was removed from the media, suggesting that brood cells are novel stem cells that are induced by environmental signals in P. patens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Hiroguchi
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakamura
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Fujita
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
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Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) formation is required for the vegetative propagation of economically important horticultural crops, such as apples. Asexual propagation is commonly utilized for breeding programs because of its short life cycle, true-to-typeness, and high efficiency. The lack of AR formation from stem segments is a barrier to segment survival. Therefore, understanding the AR regulatory mechanisms is vital for the prolonged and effective use of biological resources. Several studies have been undertaken to comprehend the molecular and physiological control of AR, which has greatly extended our knowledge regarding AR formation in apples and other crops. Auxin, a master controller of AR formation, is widely used for inducing AR formation in stem cutting. At the same time, cytokinins (CKs) are important for cell division and molecular reprograming, and other hormones, sugars, and nutrients interact with auxin to control excision-induced AR formation. In this review, we discuss the present understandings of ARs’ formation from physiological and molecular aspects and highlight the immediate advancements made in identifying underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of ARs. Despite the progress made in the previous decades, many concerns about excision-induced AR formation remain unanswered. These focus on the specific functions and interactions of numerous hormonal, molecular, and metabolic components and the overall framework of the entire shoot cutting in a demanding environment.
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Lv Y, Li Y, Liu X, Xu K. A positive response of ginger root zone and rhizome development to suitable sowing depth. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:327-342. [PMID: 34075471 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sowing depth significantly affects ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) yields, and sowing depth can affect rhizosphere community structure through root exudates. However, the relationship between the reaction process in root zone and ginger rhizome development is unclear. In this study, we investigated the rhizome and root development and rhizosphere environment at different sowing depths (2 cm (SD2), 5 cm (SD5), and 10 cm (SD10)). It was found that SD10 significantly increased ginger yield, which is related to the development of vascular bundles and the expression of aquaporin. PLS-PM analysis found that root length, root absorption capacity, and soil enzymes have the strongest correlation with yield, while root diameter is negatively correlated with yield. Under SD10, the increase of auxin and ethylene content together with the expression of ARF7, LBD16, and PIN1 promoted the development of lateral roots. In addition, SD10 increased the secretion of root organic acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates, which in turn promoted the development of rhizosphere bacteria. The promotion of SD10 on nitrogen cycle and nitrogen fixation ability in turn promoted the development of ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lv
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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Yan Y, Gan J, Tao Y, Okita TW, Tian L. RNA-Binding Proteins: The Key Modulator in Stress Granule Formation and Abiotic Stress Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:882596. [PMID: 35783947 PMCID: PMC9240754 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.882596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To cope with abiotic environmental stress, plants rapidly change their gene expression transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally, the latter by translational suppression of selected proteins and the assembly of cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) that sequester mRNA transcripts. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are the major players in these post-transcriptional processes, which control RNA processing in the nucleus, their export from the nucleus, and overall RNA metabolism in the cytoplasm. Because of their diverse modular domain structures, various RBP types dynamically co-assemble with their targeted RNAs and interacting proteins to form SGs, a process that finely regulates stress-responsive gene expression. This review summarizes recent findings on the involvement of RBPs in adapting plants to various abiotic stresses via modulation of specific gene expression events and SG formation. The relationship of these processes with the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghuang Gan
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Thomas W. Okita
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Thomas W. Okita,
| | - Li Tian
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Li Tian,
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Kościelniak P, Glazińska P, Kȩsy J, Zadworny M. Formation and Development of Taproots in Deciduous Tree Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:772567. [PMID: 34925417 PMCID: PMC8675582 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.772567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trees are generally long-lived and are therefore exposed to numerous episodes of external stimuli and adverse environmental conditions. In certain trees e.g., oaks, taproots evolved to increase the tree's ability to acquire water from deeper soil layers. Despite the significant role of taproots, little is known about the growth regulation through internal factors (genes, phytohormones, and micro-RNAs), regulating taproot formation and growth, or the effect of external factors, e.g., drought. The interaction of internal and external stimuli, involving complex signaling pathways, regulates taproot growth during tip formation and the regulation of cell division in the root apical meristem (RAM). Assuming that the RAM is the primary regulatory center responsible for taproot growth, factors affecting the RAM function provide fundamental information on the mechanisms affecting taproot development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulina Glazińska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jacek Kȩsy
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Marcin Zadworny
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
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Zeng Y, Verstraeten I, Trinh HK, Heugebaert T, Stevens CV, Garcia-Maquilon I, Rodriguez PL, Vanneste S, Geelen D. Arabidopsis Hypocotyl Adventitious Root Formation Is Suppressed by ABA Signaling. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081141. [PMID: 34440314 PMCID: PMC8392626 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Roots are composed of different root types and, in the dicotyledonous Arabidopsis, typically consist of a primary root that branches into lateral roots. Adventitious roots emerge from non-root tissue and are formed upon wounding or other types of abiotic stress. Here, we investigated adventitious root (AR) formation in Arabidopsis hypocotyls under conditions of altered abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Exogenously applied ABA suppressed AR formation at 0.25 µM or higher doses. AR formation was less sensitive to the synthetic ABA analog pyrabactin (PB). However, PB was a more potent inhibitor at concentrations above 1 µM, suggesting that it was more selective in triggering a root inhibition response. Analysis of a series of phosphonamide and phosphonate pyrabactin analogs suggested that adventitious root formation and lateral root branching are differentially regulated by ABA signaling. ABA biosynthesis and signaling mutants affirmed a general inhibitory role of ABA and point to PYL1 and PYL2 as candidate ABA receptors that regulate AR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinwei Zeng
- Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (Y.Z.); (I.V.); (H.K.T.); (S.V.)
| | - Inge Verstraeten
- Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (Y.Z.); (I.V.); (H.K.T.); (S.V.)
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Hoang Khai Trinh
- Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (Y.Z.); (I.V.); (H.K.T.); (S.V.)
| | - Thomas Heugebaert
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (T.H.); (C.V.S.)
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (T.H.); (C.V.S.)
| | - Irene Garcia-Maquilon
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Avd de los Naranjos, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-M.); (P.L.R.)
| | - Pedro L. Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Avd de los Naranjos, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (I.G.-M.); (P.L.R.)
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (Y.Z.); (I.V.); (H.K.T.); (S.V.)
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Korea
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (Y.Z.); (I.V.); (H.K.T.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-264-6070
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Mehdi SMM, Krishnamoorthy S, Szczesniak MW, Ludwików A. Identification of Novel miRNAs and Their Target Genes in the Response to Abscisic Acid in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7153. [PMID: 34281207 PMCID: PMC8268864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are involved in various biological processes, including adaptive responses to abiotic stress. To understand the role of miRNAs in the response to ABA, ABA-responsive miRNAs were identified by small RNA sequencing in wild-type Arabidopsis, as well as in abi1td, mkkk17, and mkkk18 mutants. We identified 10 novel miRNAs in WT after ABA treatment, while in abi1td, mkkk17, and mkkk18 mutants, three, seven, and nine known miRNAs, respectively, were differentially expressed after ABA treatment. One novel miRNA (miRn-8) was differentially expressed in the mkkk17 mutant. Potential target genes of the miRNA panel were identified using psRNATarget. Sequencing results were validated by quantitative RT-PCR of several known and novel miRNAs in all genotypes. Of the predicted targets of novel miRNAs, seven target genes of six novel miRNAs were further validated by 5' RLM-RACE. Gene ontology analyses showed the potential target genes of ABA-responsive known and novel miRNAs to be involved in diverse cellular processes in plants, including development and stomatal movement. These outcomes suggest that a number of the identified miRNAs have crucial roles in plant responses to environmental stress, as well as in plant development, and might have common regulatory roles in the core ABA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (S.M.M.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Sivakumar Krishnamoorthy
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (S.M.M.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Michal Wojciech Szczesniak
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Ludwików
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (S.M.M.M.); (S.K.)
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Shokat S, Novák O, Široká J, Singh S, Gill KS, Roitsch T, Großkinsky DK, Liu F. Elevated CO2 modulates the effect of heat stress responses in Triticum aestivum by differential expression of isoflavone reductase-like (IRL) gene. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021:erab247. [PMID: 34050754 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two wheat genotypes forming high and low biomass (HB and LB), exhibiting differential expression of an isoflavone reductase-like (IRL) gene, and resulting in contrasting grain yield under heat stress field conditions, were analyzed in detail for their responses under controlled heat and elevated CO2 conditions. Significant differences in IRL expression between the two lines were hypothesized to be the basis of their differential performance under the tested conditions and their stress tolerance potential. By a holistic approach integrating advanced cell physiological phenotyping of the antioxidative and phytohormone system in spikes and leaves with measurements of ecophysiological and agronomic traits, the genetic differences of the genotypes in IRL expression were assessed. In response to heat and elevated CO2, the two genotypes showed opposite regulation of IRL expression, which was associated with cytokinin concentration, total flavonoid contents, activity of superoxide dismutase, antioxidant capacity and photosynthetic rate in leaves and cytokinin concentration and ascorbate peroxidase activity in spikes. Our study showed that IRL expression is associated with wheat yield performance under heat stress at anthesis, mediated by diverse physiological mechanisms. Hence, based on our results, the IRL gene is a promising candidate for developing genetic markers for breeding heat-tolerant wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Shokat
- Crop science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé, Taastrup, Denmark
- Wheat Breeding Group, Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Široká
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Kulvinder Singh Gill
- Geneshifters, Mary Jena Lane, Pullman WA, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Roitsch
- Crop science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé, Taastrup, Denmark
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute, CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik K Großkinsky
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Thorvaldsensvej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Bioresources Unit, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße, Tulln, Austria
| | - Fulai Liu
- Crop science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé, Taastrup, Denmark
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Müller M, Schneider JR, Klein VA, da Silva E, da Silva Júnior JP, Souza AM, Chavarria G. Soybean Root Growth in Response to Chemical, Physical, and Biological Soil Variations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:602569. [PMID: 33732272 PMCID: PMC7959720 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.602569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions affect crop yield, and water deficit has been highlighted by the negative impact on soybean grain production. Radicial growth in greater volume and depth can be an alternative to minimize losses caused by a lack of water. Therefore, knowledge of how soybean roots behave before the chemical, physical, and biological attributes of the soil can help establish managements that benefit in-depth root growth. The objective was to evaluate the growth of soybean roots in response to chemical, physical, and biological variations in the soil, in different soil locations and depths. Six experiments were conducted in different locations. Soil samples were collected every 5 cm of soil up to 60 cm of soil depth for chemical, physical, and biological analysis. The roots were collected every 5 cm deep up to 45 cm deep from the ground. The six sites presented unsatisfactory values of pH and organic matter, and presented phosphorus, potassium, and calcium at high concentrations in the first centimeters of soil depth. The total porosity of the soil was above 0.50 m3 m-3, but the proportion of the volume of macropores, micropores, and cryptopores resulted in soils with resistance to penetration to the roots. Microbial biomass was higher on the soil surface when compared to deeper soil layers, however, the metabolic quotient was higher in soil depth, showing that microorganisms in depth have low ability to incorporate carbon into microbial biomass. Root growth occurred in a greater proportion in the first centimeters of soil-depth, possibly because the soil attributes that favor the root growth is concentrated on the soil surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Müller
- Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Julia Renata Schneider
- Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Vilson Antônio Klein
- Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Eliardo da Silva
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geraldo Chavarria
- Agronomy Post-Graduate Program, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
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Hsu PK, Dubeaux G, Takahashi Y, Schroeder JI. Signaling mechanisms in abscisic acid-mediated stomatal closure. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:307-321. [PMID: 33145840 PMCID: PMC7902384 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in the regulation of stomatal movements under water-deficit conditions. The identification of ABA receptors and the ABA signaling core consisting of PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors, PP2C protein phosphatases and SnRK2 protein kinases has led to studies that have greatly advanced our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms mediating ABA-induced stomatal closure in the past decade. This review focuses on recent progress in illuminating the regulatory mechanisms of ABA signal transduction, and the physiological importance of basal ABA signaling in stomatal regulation by CO2 and, as hypothesized here, vapor-pressure deficit. Furthermore, advances in understanding the interactions of ABA and other stomatal signaling pathways are reviewed here. We also review recent studies investigating the use of ABA signaling mechanisms for the manipulation of stomatal conductance and the enhancement of drought tolerance and water-use efficiency of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kai Hsu
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Guillaume Dubeaux
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Julian I. Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
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Effects of Phosphate Shortage on Root Growth and Hormone Content of Barley Depend on Capacity of the Roots to Accumulate ABA. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121722. [PMID: 33297400 PMCID: PMC7762276 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although changes in root architecture in response to the environment can optimize mineral and water nutrient uptake, mechanisms regulating these changes are not well-understood. We investigated whether P deprivation effects on root development are mediated by abscisic acid (ABA) and its interactions with other hormones. The ABA-deficient barley mutant Az34 and its wild-type (WT) were grown in P-deprived and P-replete conditions, and hormones were measured in whole roots and root tips. Although P deprivation decreased growth in shoot mass similarly in both genotypes, only the WT increased primary root length and number of lateral roots. The effect was accompanied by ABA accumulation in root tips, a response not seen in Az34. Increased ABA in P-deprived WT was accompanied by decreased concentrations of cytokinin, an inhibitor of root extension. Furthermore, P-deficiency in the WT increased auxin concentration in whole root systems in association with increased root branching. In the ABA-deficient mutant, P-starvation failed to stimulate root elongation or promote branching, and there was no decline in cytokinin and no increase in auxin. The results demonstrate ABA’s ability to mediate in root growth responses to P starvation in barley, an effect linked to its effects on cytokinin and auxin concentrations.
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Lee WJ, Truong HA, Trịnh CS, Kim JH, Lee S, Hong SW, Lee H. NITROGEN RESPONSE DEFICIENCY 1-mediated CHL1 induction contributes to optimized growth performance during altered nitrate availability in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:1382-1398. [PMID: 33048402 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants cannot fix nitrogen directly; they must absorb it from the soil through their roots, or in rare cases, form associations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The efficiency of nitrogen use in most domesticated crops is low, and more than half of the available nitrogen in the soil can leach into the environment. Understanding the nitrogen signaling pathways is essential for maximizing the efficiency of nitrogen use in crops. In the present study, we characterized the Myeloblastosis (Myb)-like gene NITROGEN RESPONSE DEFICIENCY 1 (NID1). We observed that the growth performance of nid1 knockout (KO) mutant Arabidopsis plants was better than that of wild-type Col-0 plants under very low-nitrate conditions, leading to improved growth performance in the nid1 KO plants. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that NID1 binds to the promoter of the NITRATE TRANSPORTER (NRT)1.1 gene. Furthermore, nid1 KO plants exhibited similar growth performance to the nid1 KO/chl1-5 (nrt1.1 KO) double mutant and chl1-5 (nrt1.1 KO) plants in response to low-nitrate conditions. We suggest that NID1 plays a crucial role as a transcription factor in optimizing plant growth by modulating the transcript abundance of the nitrate transceptor CHL1, leading to enhanced ABA accumulation in low-nitrate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won J Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai A Truong
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cao S Trịnh
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun H Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Whan Hong
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Bioenergy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoung Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Svolacchia N, Salvi E, Sabatini S. Arabidopsis primary root growth: let it grow, can't hold it back anymore! CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 57:133-141. [PMID: 33096518 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, growth is defined by those processes that allow an organ to increase in mass, namely cell proliferation - that increases the number of cells - and cell expansion - that increases their volume. For an organ to achieve a functional shape and a characteristic final size both these processes need to be tightly coordinated. In roots, these processes stand behind root primary growth, which results in lengthening of the root along its longitudinal axis, and secondary growth, which results in an increase of the root thickness. In this review, we will analyze latest advances in the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in root primary growth, focusing on the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, where some molecular factors and networks responsible for regulating its self-organized primary growth have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Svolacchia
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Model Systems, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Sardi 70, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Salvi
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Model Systems, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Sardi 70, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Sabatini
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Model Systems, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Sardi 70, Rome, Italy.
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Szepesi Á. Halotropism: Phytohormonal Aspects and Potential Applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:571025. [PMID: 33042187 PMCID: PMC7527526 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.571025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Halotropism is a sodium specific tropic movement of roots in order to obtain the optimal salt concentration for proper growth and development. Numerous results suggest that halotropic events are under the control and regulation of complex plant hormone pathway. This minireview collects some recent evidences about sodium sensing during halotropism and the hormonal regulation of halotropic responses in glycophytes. The precise hormonal mechanisms by which halophytes plant roots perceive salt stress and translate this perception into adaptive, directional growth forward increased salt concentrations are not well understood. This minireview aims to gather recently deciphered information about halotropism focusing potential hormonal aspects both in glycophytes and halophytes. Advances in our understanding of halotropic responses in different plant species could help these plants to be used for sustainable agriculture and other future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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49
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Hewage KAH, Yang J, Wang D, Hao G, Yang G, Zhu J. Chemical Manipulation of Abscisic Acid Signaling: A New Approach to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Agriculture. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001265. [PMID: 32999840 PMCID: PMC7509701 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is the best-known stress signaling molecule in plants. ABA protects sessile land plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. The conserved pyrabactin resistance/pyrabactin resistance-like/regulatory component of ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR) perceives ABA and triggers a cascade of signaling events. A thorough knowledge of the sequential steps of ABA signaling will be necessary for the development of chemicals that control plant stress responses. The core components of the ABA signaling pathway have been identified with adequate characterization. The information available concerning ABA biosynthesis, transport, perception, and metabolism has enabled detailed functional studies on how the protective ability of ABA in plants might be modified to increase plant resistance to stress. Some of the significant contributions to chemical manipulation include ABA biosynthesis inhibitors, and ABA receptor agonists and antagonists. Chemical manipulation of key control points in ABA signaling is important for abiotic and biotic stress management in agriculture. However, a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of chemical manipulation of ABA signaling is lacking. Here, a thorough analysis of recent reports on small-molecule modulation of ABA signaling is provided. The challenges and prospects in the chemical manipulation of ABA signaling for the development of ABA-based agrochemicals are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalani Achala H. Hewage
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Ge‐Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Guang‐Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biologyand CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai20032P. R. China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitecturePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
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Bartholomé J, Mabiala A, Burlett R, Bert D, Leplé JC, Plomion C, Gion JM. The pulse of the tree is under genetic control: eucalyptus as a case study. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:338-356. [PMID: 32142191 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The pulse of the tree (diurnal cycle of stem radius fluctuations) has been widely studied as a way of analyzing tree responses to the environment, including the phenotypic plasticity of tree-water relationships in particular. However, the genetic basis of this daily phenotype and its interplay with the environment remain largely unexplored. We characterized the genetic and environmental determinants of this response, by monitoring daily stem radius fluctuation (dSRF) on 210 trees from a Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis full-sib family over 2 years. The dSRF signal was broken down into hydraulic capacitance, assessed as the daily amplitude of shrinkage (DA), and net growth, estimated as the change in maximum radius between two consecutive days (ΔR). The environmental determinants of these two traits were clearly different: DA was positively correlated with atmospheric variables relating to water demand, while ΔR was associated with soil water content. The heritability for these two traits ranged from low to moderate over time, revealing a time-dependent or environment-dependent complex genetic determinism. We identified 686 and 384 daily quantitative trait loci (QTL) representing 32 and 31 QTL regions for DA and ΔR, respectively. The identification of gene networks underlying the 27 major genomics regions for both traits generated additional hypotheses concerning the biological mechanisms involved in response to water demand and supply. This study highlights that environmentally induced changes in daily stem radius fluctuation are genetically controlled in trees and suggests that these daily responses integrated over time shape the genetic architecture of mature traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bartholomé
- BIOGECO, INRAE, University of Bordeaux, 33610, Cestas, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Régis Burlett
- BIOGECO, INRAE, University of Bordeaux, 33610, Cestas, France
| | - Didier Bert
- BIOGECO, INRAE, University of Bordeaux, 33610, Cestas, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Marc Gion
- BIOGECO, INRAE, University of Bordeaux, 33610, Cestas, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
- AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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