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Gruľová D, Baranová B, Eliašová A, Brun C, Fejér J, Kron I, Campone L, Pagliari S, Nastišin Ľ, Sedlák V. Does the Invasive Heracleum mantegazzianum Influence Other Species by Allelopathy? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1333. [PMID: 38794404 PMCID: PMC11125142 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Heracleum mantegazzianum is an invasive species in middle Europe. The mode of action of its invasiveness is still not known. Our study focuses on observation of potential allelopathic influence by the production and release of phytochemicals into its environment. Plant material was collected four times within one season (April, May, June, July 2019) at locality Lekárovce (eastern Slovakia) for comparison of differences in composition and potential allelopathy. Water extracts from collected samples were used for different biological assays. The total phenols and flavonoids were determined spectrophotometrically. The profile and content of phenolic components, including coumarins, were determined by two techniques of liquid chromatography along with in vitro evaluation of the free radical scavenging activity of extracts (DPPH, Hydroxyl, Superoxide, and FRAP). The changes in composition in extracts in different seasonal periods were evident as well as potential phytotoxic activity in some concentrations on specific model plants. The slight antioxidant activity was noted. The invasiveness of the current species could be supported by the excretion of its phytochemicals into its surroundings and by different modes of action influencing living organisms in its environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gruľová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
| | - Beata Baranová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
| | - Adriana Eliašová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
| | - Christelle Brun
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
| | - Jozef Fejér
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
| | - Ivan Kron
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
| | - Luca Campone
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Ľuboš Nastišin
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (B.B.); (A.E.); (C.B.); (J.F.); (I.K.); (Ľ.N.)
- Research and Breeding Station Malý Šariš, Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany, National Agricultural and Food Centre Nitra, Malý Šariš 221, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Vincent Sedlák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia;
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Di Salvo E, Gangemi S, Genovese C, Cicero N, Casciaro M. Polyphenols from Mediterranean Plants: Biological Activities for Skin Photoprotection in Atopic Dermatitis, Psoriasis, and Chronic Urticaria. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3579. [PMID: 37896042 PMCID: PMC10609915 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a diverse class of natural compounds that are widely distributed in various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. They possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and bring benefits in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Studies suggested that polyphenols may improve cardiovascular health and may have neuroprotective effects. The Mediterranean region is a vast area. Although the territory encompasses a wide variety of cultures and dietary patterns, there are some commonalities in terms of the plant-based foods and their polyphenol content. Such polyphenols have been studied for their potential photoprotective effects on the skin. We focused on nutraceutical effects of Mediterranean plants in skin photoprotection in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and chronic urticaria. Results highlight the importance of exploring natural compounds for therapeutic purposes. The wide variety of polyphenols found in different foods and plants allows for a diverse range of pharmacological effects. The Mediterranean diet, rich in polyphenol-containing foods, is associated with a lower incidence of various chronic diseases, including dermatological conditions. While more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and optimal dosing of polyphenols, there is initial evidence to support their potential use as adjunctive therapy for atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and chronic urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Di Salvo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Claudia Genovese
- National Research Council, Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Science4Life, Spin Off Company, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.G.); (M.C.)
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Abd-Allah ER, El-Rahman HAA. Ameliorative effects of nano Moringa on fluoride-induced testicular damage via down regulation of the StAR gene and altered steroid hormones. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100724. [PMID: 36563520 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluoride is a common environmental contaminant that has harmful effects on human health when it is present in high concentrations. Fluoride enters the bloodstream after being absorbed by the gastrointestinal system when fluoride-contaminated groundwater is consumed by people. The aim of the present study was to determine whether polyphenol-rich nano Moringa oleifera (NMO) could protect rat testicles from sodium fluoride (NaF) damage by evaluating sperm quality, sex hormones, testicular oxidative status, histopathology, and StAR gene expression. Twenty-eight adult Wistar rats were divided equally and randomly into four groups: group one received distilled water; group two received NMO at a dosage of 250 mg/kg/body weight; group three received NaF at a dosage of 10 mg/kg/body weight; and group four received NaF and NMO. The rats were orally administrated daily for a duration of eight weeks. The study's findings demonstrated that, in comparison to rats exposed to NaF alone, co-administration of NMO and NaF enhanced sperm motility and viability, decreased sperm morphological changes, restored the balance between oxidant and antioxidant status, improved testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone, improved testicular histology, raised the Johnson score, and upregulated the StAR gene in testicular tissue. These findings show that NMO is promise as a prophylactic medication against sodium fluoride-induced testicular damage because administration of NMO had no adverse effects and enhanced reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Entsar R Abd-Allah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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Di Salvo E, Casciaro M, Giorgianni CM, Cicero N, Gangemi S. Age-Related Diseases and Foods Generating Chlorinative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020249. [PMID: 36829808 PMCID: PMC9952263 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a slow and inexorable process affecting all life beings and is characterised by age-related worsening in adaptation to external changes. Several factors contribute to such a process, and oxidative stress due to external damages is one key player. Of particular interest is the oxidative stress generated from halogen compounds such as chloride. Hypochlorus acid is produced starting from MPO's interaction with hydrogen peroxide. We focused on the oxidation of tyrosine residues by HOCl, which leads as a result to the formation of 3-chlorotyrosine (3-ClTyr). This molecule, due to its stability, is considered a marker for MPO activity. RESULTS We collected data from literature research articles evaluating chlorinative stress and the effects of 3-ClTyr on chronic diseases linked to aging. As diseases are not the only source of 3-ClTyr in people, we also focused on other origins of chlorinative stress, such as food intake. DISCUSSION Oxidation and halogenation are caused by infectious diseases and by pathologies characterised by inflammation. Moreover, diet could negatively or positively influence chlorinative stress. Comparing 3-ClTyr levels in the oldest and youngest old with age-related diseases and comparing data between different geographic areas with different pesticide rules could be the next challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Di Salvo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0902212013
| | - Concetto Mario Giorgianni
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Science4life srl, Spin off Company, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Fejér J, Gruľová D, Eliašová A, Kron I. Seasonal Variability of Juniperus communis L. Berry Ethanol Extracts: 2. In Vitro Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) Assay. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27249027. [PMID: 36558161 PMCID: PMC9787287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the seasonal variability of the in vitro ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total phenols, and terpene hydrocarbon content in 70% ethanol extracts were evaluated. The samples of crushed (CBs) and non-crushed ripe juniper berries (NCBs) collected at five localities in North-East Slovakia during the years 2012-2014 were compared. The method of preparation of the extract influenced the amount of dry matter (DM) in the extracts. In the CB extracts were statistically higher contents of DM (from 13.91 ± 0.11 g·L-1 to 23.84 ± 0.14 g·L-1) compared to NCB extracts (from 1.39 ± 0.01 g·L-1 to 16.55 ± 0.09 g·L-1). The differences in antioxidant activity between the investigated localities were statistically significant for both types of extract. For example, in 2013 in the locality of Zbojné, the FRAP in NCBs was 76.62 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM and in CBs was 138.27 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM, while in the Miľpoš locality, in NCBs there was 232.66 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM and in CBs there was 1178.98 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM. The differences in the antioxidant activity between the studied years in the case of NCB extracts were not statistically significant. In the case of CB extracts, significant differences between the evaluated years were found. Statistics by ANOVA confirmed that CB extracts prepared from berries in the year 2013 showed significantly higher activity compared to CB extracts from berries from the years 2012 and 2014. Based on the Pearson we found a negative correlation coefficient between the FRAP assay and the content of total polyphenols in NCB extracts (-0.531 in 2012; -0.349 in 2013; and -0.224 in 2014). In contrast, CB extracts showed a positive correlation coefficient (0.843 in 2012; 0.742 in 2013; 0.617 in 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Fejér
- Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Gruľová
- Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Adriana Eliašová
- Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Kron
- Training & Consulting Ltd., 01001 Žilina, Slovakia
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Alesci A, Aragona M, Cicero N, Lauriano ER. Can nutraceuticals assist treatment and improve covid-19 symptoms? Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:2672-2691. [PMID: 33949266 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1914032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral diseases have always played an important role in public and individual health. Since December 2019, the world is facing a pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that results in a syndrome known as COVID-19. Several studies were conducted to implement antiviral drug therapy, until the arrival of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Numerous scientific investigations have considered some nutraceuticals as an additional treatment of COVID-19 patients to improve their clinical picture. In this review, we would like to emphasize the studies conducted to date about this issue and try to understand whether the use of nutraceuticals as a supplementary therapy to COVID-19 may be a valid and viable avenue. Based on the results obtained so far, quercetin, astaxanthin, luteolin, glycyrrhizin, lactoferrin, hesperidin and curcumin have shown encouraging data suggesting their use to prevent and counteract the symptoms of this pandemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Eugenia Rita Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Natsir H, Arif AR, Wahab AW, Budi P, Arfah RA, Arwansyah A, Fudholi A, Suriani NL, Himawan A. Inhibitory effects of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on xanthine oxidase activity from bovine milk. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e77740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant in the Moringaceae family that contains a lot of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO), and conducted inhibitory tests on XO using methanol extracts of M. oleifera leaves. The xanthine oxidase enzyme isolated from bovine milk was characterized to determine the optimum pH, temperature, and substrate concentration. XO inhibition was evaluated by in vitro and in silico methods. The results of XO isolation and characterization of bovine milk showed the optimum conditions at pH 6.5, substrate concentration of 0.1 mM, and temperature 35 °C with an activity rate of 32.47 mU/mL; 21.55 mU/mL, and 21.94 mU/mL. Inhibition analysis results on methanol extract of M. oleifera leaves showed the highest activity decrease at the extract concentration of 160 ppm, with a relative inhibition value of 21.35%, while allopurinol as a positive control has a relative value inhibition of 61.21%. Relative value inhibition indicated the potential of M. oleifera leaves as a source of medicinal plants for gout sufferers. Additionally, a computational analysis was performed to observe the molecular interaction between the primary compounds of M. oleifera leaves, i.e., 5-O-acetyl-thio-octyl-β-L-rhamnofuranoside, quinic acid, and 2-dimethyl(trimethylsilylmethyl)silyloxymethyltetrahydrofuran, and XO using the molecular docking method. The finding implied that these compounds are bound to the catalytic sites of XO by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, indicating the primary compounds of M. oleifera leaves could become XO inhibitors to treat gout disease.
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Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Functional Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081107. [PMID: 35454694 PMCID: PMC9030530 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a tree cultivated originally in northern India, whose ancient use as a medicine has demonstrated its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to its richness in minerals and macronutrients, the antioxidant capacity and the mineral bioaccesibility were assessed. In addition, the chemical composition, amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral content were also evaluated. The performed analysis reported a high content of proteins and low content of lipids in the chemical composition. Regarding the mineral content, Ca and Fe presented high bioaccessibility; K, S, Ca, and Fe being the most concentrated elements. The obtained values using FRAP, ABTS, and ORAC methods showed high antioxidant capacity, directly related to the increased content of phenolic compounds. In view of the results, Moringa oleifera can be incorporated into the diet as a functional ingredient or as a fortifier of any kind of food. The important source of minerals, phenolics, proteins, unsaturated fats, and folates make it an excellent extract with beneficial properties.
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Araújo NS, Souza NF, de Lima-Faria JM, Paz ATS, Scalize PS, de Sabóia-Morais SMT, Junior HCR, da Conceição EC. Treatment of cosmetic industry wastewater by flotation with Moringa oleifera Lam. and aluminum sulfate and toxicity assessment of the treated wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1199-1209. [PMID: 34347241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of personal hygiene and body products generates wastewater with a high load of surfactants, a high chemical oxygen demand (COD), and abundant oils and greases. Aluminum sulfate (AS) and two solutions of natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds prepared with a 1M NaCl solution and 1.5M NaCl solution were used. Aluminum sulfate, Moringa oleifera Lam. in 1M NaCl, and Moringa oleifera Lam. in 1.5M NaCl solutions reduced turbidity at rates 94.48%, 98.07%, and 97.87%; reduced COD at rates 46.36%, 49.15%, and 42.7%; and reduced oil and grease at rates 98.72%, 78.65%, and 97.41%, respectively. Mutagenicity tests with guppies showed a lower toxicity of Moringa oleifera Lam. extract compared with aluminum sulfate. This work shows that Moringa oleifera Lam. extract has high potential for use as an alternative to aluminum sulfate; therefore, this study will contribute to proposals for the sustainable treatment of effluents from the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Santos Araújo
- Bioproducts Research, Development and Innovation Laboratory (PD&I Bioprodutos), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Road, Goiânia, 240, Brazil.
| | - Nathália Ferreira Souza
- Bioproducts Research, Development and Innovation Laboratory (PD&I Bioprodutos), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Road, Goiânia, 240, Brazil
| | - João Marcos de Lima-Faria
- Cellular Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus 2, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Andressa Tuane Santana Paz
- Bioproducts Research, Development and Innovation Laboratory (PD&I Bioprodutos), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Road, Goiânia, 240, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Scalize
- Water Analysis Laboratory, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Goiás, University Avenue, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Humberto Carlos Ruggeri Junior
- Water Analysis Laboratory, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Goiás, University Avenue, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Edemilson Cardoso da Conceição
- Bioproducts Research, Development and Innovation Laboratory (PD&I Bioprodutos), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Road, Goiânia, 240, Brazil
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Mnisi CM, Marareni M, Manyeula F, Madibana MJ. A way forward for the South African quail sector as a potential contributor to food and nutrition security following the aftermath of COVID-19: a review. AGRICULTURE & FOOD SECURITY 2021; 10:48. [PMID: 34904054 PMCID: PMC8654503 DOI: 10.1186/s40066-021-00331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Commercial quail (Coturnix coturnix) farming has recently gained recognition from the South African poultry industry as a potential source of protein, which can be used to alleviate protein-energy malnutrition as well as food and nutrition insecurity in rural South Africa. Over six large-scale and hundred small-scale farmers are currently producing various quail breeds for commercial purposes in South Africa. However, these farmers face challenges of high feed costs, diseases, poor health care, low demand (for quail meat and eggs) and limited access to the markets. In addition, the lack of a pre-existing local market for quail meat and eggs has seen most farmers exporting these products to other countries, but with low profit margins owing to the slow growth experienced by world economies. Furthermore, the socio-economic crisis brought by the global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exacerbated these challenges as most of the countries enforced nationwide lockdown to mitigate the spread of the virus. Although this initiative was taken to save lives, it left quail farmers not knowing where to trade their stock due to large uncertainties in the social and economic domain, compounded by the fact that many South African citizens are traditionally accustomed to chicken products. Moreover, the size of the quail in relation to its market price when compared to that of chickens continues to lower its demand causing a lot of quail businesses to collapse. Thus, it is imperative to explore strategies that can reduce the cost of producing quail, while increasing their demand and popularity. Non-conventional feed ingredients and phytogenic feed additives that are inexpensive, locally available, and readily accessible should be identified and evaluated in quail diets to deliver sustainable production systems that will ensure that these birds continue to play a significant role in food and nutrition security of humans. In addition, extension service workers and quail farmers need to form a collaborative team to increase awareness about the benefits of quail products and build a long-lasting and profitable quail business. In this work, we present potential rearing methods for commercial quail production, nutritional benefits of quail products, as well as nutritional solutions for a sustainable and profitable quail business. Lastly, we review prospective awareness programs and marketing strategies that are aimed at successful commercialisation of quail using various networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Mnisi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, P Bag x2046, Mmabatho, 2735 South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - M Marareni
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - F Manyeula
- Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - M J Madibana
- Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment, Marine Research Aquarium, Lower Beach Road, Sea Point, South Africa
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Fejér J, Kron I, Eliašová A, Gruľová D, Gajdošová A, Lancíková V, Hricová A. New Mutant Amaranth Varieties as a Potential Source of Biologically Active Substances. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111705. [PMID: 34829576 PMCID: PMC8614743 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaranth species represent a diverse group of plants. Many of them are a rich source of secondary metabolites with many positive biological effects. Total phenolic, total flavonoid and rutin content, antioxidant activity against superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, FRAP (Ferric-reducing ability of plasma) assay and DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay were determined in ethanol extracts of dried leaves of the new Slovak amaranth varieties ‘Pribina’ and ‘Zobor’. The amount of total phenolic substances (‘Pribina’ GAE 38.3 mg.g−1 DM and ‘Zobor’ GAE 26.1 mg.g−1 DM), content of total flavonoids (‘Pribina’ QE 26.5 mg.g−1 DM and ‘Zobor’ QE 20.3 mg.g−1 DM) and rutin (‘Pribina’ 50.8 mg.g−1 DM and ‘Zobor’ 15.2 mg.g−1 DM) were higher in the variety ‘Pribina’, compared to the variety ‘Zobor’. A statistically higher antioxidant activity against superoxide radical (1.63%·mg−1g−1 DM), hydroxyl radical (3.20%.mg−1g−1 DM), FRAP assay (292.80 µmol.L−1·mg−1.g−1 DM) and DPPH (54.2 ± 1.78 µg.mL−1 DM) were detected in the ‘Pribina’ variety. Antiradical and antioxidant activities of both extracts showed high positive correlations in relation to the content of total phenolic substances, total flavonoids and rutin. Amaranth is an undemanding crop on specific environmental conditions and is resistant to abiotic and biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Fejér
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra St. 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (A.E.)
| | | | - Adriana Eliašová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra St. 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (A.E.)
| | - Daniela Gruľová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17. Novembra St. 1, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alena Gajdošová
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, 950 07 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Veronika Lancíková
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, 950 07 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Andrea Hricová
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, 950 07 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.G.); (V.L.); (A.H.)
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Jiménez-Monreal AM, Guardiola FA, Esteban MÁ, Murcia Tomás MA, Martínez-Tomé M. Antioxidant Activity in Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata L.) Fed with Diet Supplemented with Moringa. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091423. [PMID: 34573055 PMCID: PMC8467088 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gilthead seabream is bred mainly in fish farms in the Mediterranean Sea. One important factor responsible for the deterioration of fish quality is lipid oxidation. Moringa oleifera leaves have been described as having high antioxidant content. This work investigates the effect of dietary supplementation with Moringa leaves on the antioxidant activity of seabream. Gilthead seabream specimens were divided into four groups, the control group (fed a commercial diet) and three other groups fed diets enriched with Moringa (5%, 10% and 15%). The antioxidant capacity was measured by assays of free radical scavenging (OH·, H2O2, lipoperoxyl and ABTS), Rancimat test and linoleic acid system in muscle and skin of gilthead seabream, commercial diet, enriched diet and Moringa. Finally, the polyphenol content of Moringa and the fatty acid composition of seabream fed diets with and without Moringa were determined. Results showed an increase in antioxidant activity in gilthead seabream fed with diets enriched with a higher percentage of Moringa; therefore, Moringa could be considered a functional ingredient in diets for fish bred in fish farms and. The antioxidant potential of Moringa leaves could be mainly attributed to the presence of polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M. Jiménez-Monreal
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.T.); (M.M.-T.)
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868-887-985; Fax: +34-868-884-147
| | - Francisco A. Guardiola
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (F.A.G.); (M.Á.E.)
| | - M. Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (F.A.G.); (M.Á.E.)
| | - M. Antonia Murcia Tomás
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.T.); (M.M.-T.)
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Martínez-Tomé
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.T.); (M.M.-T.)
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Tardugno R, Gervasi T, Nava V, Cammilleri G, Ferrantelli V, Cicero N. Nutritional and mineral composition of persimmon fruits ( Diospyros kaki L.) from Central and Southern Italy. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5168-5173. [PMID: 33960220 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1921768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the nutritional and mineral composition of Diospyros kaki fruits from Apulia, Campania, Lazio, Sardinia and Sicily regions was evaluated. Dietary fiber, mineral, pectin, polyphenol, and protein contents were evaluated. Particularly high are the contents of the dietary fiber and pectins. The mineral elements profile was interesting due to its modest content of sodium and high potassium concentration. Protein amounts were in line with the quantities for this fruit. The total polyphenol content of the fruits analysed was very variable, interesting for the quantities found both total and gallic acid. The results obtained confirmed the nutritional value of this fruit even for special dietary regimens such as hypertension and heart diseases and the genuineness of its cultivation in Central-Southern Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Tardugno
- Science4life, Spin company University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Teresa Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nava
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia 'A. Mirri', Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Cicero
- Science4life, Spin company University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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14
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Milla PG, Peñalver R, Nieto G. Health Benefits of Uses and Applications of Moringa oleifera in Bakery Products. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020318. [PMID: 33562157 PMCID: PMC7915875 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera belongs to the Moringaceae family and is the best known of the native Moringa oleifera genus. For centuries, it has been used as a system of Ayurvedic and Unani medicine and has a wide range of nutritional and bioactive compounds, including proteins, essential amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, fibre, vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, phytosterols and others. These characteristics allow it to have pharmacological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, cardioprotective, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective properties. The entire Moringa oleifera plant is edible, including its flowers, however, it is not entirely safe, because of compounds that have been found mainly in the root and bark, so the leaf was identified as the safest. Moringa oleifera is recognised as an excellent source of phytochemicals, with potential applications in functional and medicinal food preparations due to its nutritional and medicinal properties; many authors have experimented with incorporating it mainly in biscuits, cakes, brownies, meats, juices and sandwiches. The results are fascinating, as the products increase their nutritional value; however, the concentrations cannot be high, as this affects the organoleptic characteristics of the supplemented products. The aim of this study is to review the application of Moringa oleifera in bakery products, which will allow the creation of new products that improve their nutritional and functional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula García Milla
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Spain; (P.G.M.); (R.P.)
- Molecular Microbiology and Food Research Laboratory, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8420524, Chile
| | - Rocío Peñalver
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Spain; (P.G.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Gema Nieto
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo, Spain; (P.G.M.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868889624; Fax: +34-868884147
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15
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Alessio A, Pergolizzi S, Gervasi T, Aragona M, Lo Cascio P, Cicero N, Lauriano ER. Biological effect of astaxanthin on alcohol-induced gut damage in Carassius auratus used as experimental model. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5737-5743. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1830396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alesci Alessio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S. Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - T. Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - M. Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - P. Lo Cascio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - N. Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E. R. Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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16
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Seasonal Variability of Juniperus communis L. Berry Ethanol Extracts: 1. In Vitro Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184114. [PMID: 32916817 PMCID: PMC7571254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, in vitro hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, total phenols and terpene contents in 70% ethanol extracts were evaluated. Samples of crushed (CB) and non-crushed ripe juniper berries (NCB) collected at five localities in North-East Slovakia during the years 2012-2014 were compared. Standard or modified methods for determining phytochemical and antioxidant activity were used together with a novel method for the evaluation of the results after the correction of the measured values per gram of dry matter (DM). Statistically significantly higher DM contents (average values for three years) were found in the CB extracts (ranging from 18.86 to 21.91 mg/mL) in comparison to those for NCB (ranging from 2.59 to 9.90 mg/mL). Depending on the localities and years, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity ranged from 15.52 to 32.85% for NCB and from 65.59 to 88.12% for CB, respectively. The contents of total phenols ranged from 43.75 to 246.75 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/L (NCB) and from 151.84 to 278.19 mg GAE/L (CB), respectively. However, the higher content of total phenols per gram of DM was found in the NCB extracts (8.49-42.23 mg GAE/g DM) and then in CB (6.87-18.77 GAE/g DM). The results obtained in this study showed a higher efficiency for extraction from juniper berries in 70% ethanol if the pericarp was disrupted in comparison to that achieved with the maceration of intact berries.
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Dhawi F, El-Beltagi HS, Aly E, Hamed AM. Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities and Mineral Content of Buffalo Yoghurt Fortified with Fenugreek and Moringa oleifera Seed Flours. Foods 2020; 9:E1157. [PMID: 32825777 PMCID: PMC7555166 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, there is an increasing demand for functional yoghurts by consumer, especially those produced through the incorporation of food of plant origin or its bioactive components. The current research was devoted to formulating functional buffalo yoghurt through the addition of 0.1 and 0.2% of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seed flour (F1 and F2) and Moringa oleifera seed flour (M1 and M2). The effects of fortification were evaluated on physicochemical, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AOA), the viability of yoghurt starter, and sensory acceptability of yoghurts during cold storage. Moringa oleifera seed flour had higher contents of TPC (140.12 mg GAE/g) and AOA (31.30%) as compared to fenugreek seed flour (47.4 mg GAE/g and 19.1%, respectively). Values of TPC and AOA significantly increased in fortified yoghurts, and M2 treatment had the highest values of TPC (31.61, 27.29, and 25.69 mg GAE/g) and AOA (89.32, 83.5, and 80.35%) at 1, 7, and 14 days of storage, respectively. M2 showed significantly higher antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. and the zones of inhibition were 12.65, 13.14, 17.23 and 14.49 mm, respectively. On the other hand, control yoghurt showed the lowest antibacterial activity and the zones of inhibition were (4.12, 5.21, 8.55, and 8.39 mm against E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp., respectively). Incorporation of 0.1% and 0.2% of moringa seed flour (M1 and M2) led to a higher content of Ca, P, K, and Fe and lower content of Mg and Zn as compared to F1 and F2, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that fenugreek and Moringa oleifera seed flour can be exploited in the preparation of functional novel yoghurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Dhawi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Esmat Aly
- Dairy Technology Research Department, Food Technology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Hamed
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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18
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Nova E, Redondo-Useros N, Martínez-García RM, Gómez-Martínez S, Díaz-Prieto LE, Marcos A. Potential of Moringa oleifera to Improve Glucose Control for the Prevention of Diabetes and Related Metabolic Alterations: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072050. [PMID: 32664295 PMCID: PMC7400864 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera (MO) is a multipurpose plant consumed as food and known for its medicinal uses, among others. Leaves, seeds and pods are the main parts used as food or food supplements. Nutritionally rich and with a high polyphenol content in the form of phenolic acids, flavonoids and glucosinolates, MO has been shown to exert numerous in vitro activities and in vivo effects, including hypoglycemic activity. A systematic search was carried out in the PubMed database and reference lists on the effects of MO on glucose metabolism. Thirty-three animal studies and eight human studies were included. Water and organic solvent extracts of leaves and, secondly, seeds, have been extensively assayed in animal models, showing the hypoglycemic effect, both under acute conditions and in long-term administrations and also prevention of other metabolic changes and complications associated to the hyperglycemic status. In humans, clinical trials are scarce, with variable designs and testing mainly dry leaf powder alone or mixed with other foods or MO aqueous preparations. Although the reported results are encouraging, especially those from postprandial studies, more human studies are certainly needed with more stringent inclusion criteria and a sufficient number of diabetic or prediabetic subjects. Moreover, trying to quantify the bioactive substances administered with the experimental material tested would facilitate comparison between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Nova
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)—CSIC, C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.-U.); (S.G.-M.); (L.E.D.-P.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-915-492-300 (ext. 231209)
| | - Noemí Redondo-Useros
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)—CSIC, C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.-U.); (S.G.-M.); (L.E.D.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Rosa M. Martínez-García
- Department of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursery, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 160071 Cuenca, Spain;
| | - Sonia Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)—CSIC, C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.-U.); (S.G.-M.); (L.E.D.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Ligia E. Díaz-Prieto
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)—CSIC, C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.-U.); (S.G.-M.); (L.E.D.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)—CSIC, C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.R.-U.); (S.G.-M.); (L.E.D.-P.); (A.M.)
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Kc Y, Rai R, Katuwal N, Shiwakoti LD, Pant BR, Bajgai TR, Dura S, Chaudhary DK, Raghavan V, Upadhyaya J. Phytochemicals, nutritional, antioxidant activity, and sensory analyses of Moringa oleifera Lam. collected from mid-hill region of Nepal. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:470-473. [PMID: 32552037 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1781113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the phytochemicals and nutritional compositions, antioxidant activity and sensorial properties of Moringa oleifera extracts. The powders prepared from leaves and pods were mixed separately at the ratios of 1:0, 0:1, 0.25:0.75, 0.5:0.5 and 0.75:0.25 and labelled as mixtures A, B, C, D and E, respectively. Mixture A exhibited highest chlorophylls, tannins, phenolics and flavonoids contents (17.8 mg/g, 9.1 mg GAE/g, 91.1 mg GAE/g and 38.1 mg QE/g, respectively). The crude proteins content was higher (18.03%) in mixture A. The fats, fibres and carbohydrates amounts were higher (2.96%, 11.02% and 67.86%, respectively) in mixture B. The highest energy value (335.62 Kcal/100 g) and the highest antioxidant activity (83.2%) were in mixture A. However, most of the sensory attributes were ranked high for mixture D, signifying to use the equal proportion of leaves and pods powder of M. oleifera for the development of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadav Kc
- Central Campus of Technology, Tribhuvan University, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Ruby Rai
- Dharan Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Nirat Katuwal
- Food Technology and Quality Control Office, Biratnagar, Nepal
| | | | - Bhoj Raj Pant
- Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | | | - Srijana Dura
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong City, South Korea
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jitendra Upadhyaya
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Malus baccata var. gracilis and Malus toringoides Bark Polyphenol Studies and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring new sources of polyphenols with biological activities that work against human diseases is the target of natural product studies. This study determined the polyphenol composition of the bark of Malus species M. baccata var. gracilis (Rehder) T.C.Ku and M. toringoides (Rehder) Hughes, using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) analysis. The antiproliferative, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial applications of these extracts, as well as the identified phenol, were studied. The HPLC-DAD analysis confirmed three polyphenols in the extracts out of the 21 screened compounds: protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, and catechin. The major constituents in M. baccata and M. toringoides were protocatechuic acid, at 3.16 and 7.15 mg 100 g−1 dry weight (DW), respectively, and catechin, at 5.55 and 6.80 mg 100 g−1 DW, respectively. M. baccata and M. toringoides bark extracts showed antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene bleaching, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, which were attributed to the dominance of protocatechuic acid. The highest antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects were against Jurkat cells. Against MCF-7 and Hela cells, there was necrotic cell accumulation in the early apoptotic as well as the late apoptotic phase. The bark extracts showed noticeable antibacterial effects against Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli. Protocatechuic acid showed comparable results to bark extracts. There were antifungal effects against Aspergillus ochraceus, A. niger, and Candida albicans, and the activities were higher than the commercial reagent. M. baccata and M. toringoides could be considered as a new source of phenolic acids, including protocatechuic acid with anticancer, antibacterial antifungal, and antioxidant-promising effects.
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O. Elansary H, Szopa A, Klimek-Szczykutowicz M, Jafernik K, Ekiert H, Mahmoud EA, Abdelmoneim Barakat A, O. El-Ansary D. Mammillaria Species-Polyphenols Studies and Anti-Cancer, Anti-Oxidant, and Anti-Bacterial Activities. Molecules 2019; 25:E131. [PMID: 31905725 PMCID: PMC6982789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering new natural resources of polyphenols is the aim of many recent studies in the field of natural product research. This study tentatively investigated the polyphenols profile of the stems of seven Mammillaria species (M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, M. hahniana, M. crucigera, M. candida, M. albilanata, and M. muehlenpfordtii) using high performance liquid chromatography with DAD detector (HPLC-DAD) method. Furthermore, the anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial potentials of these extracts as well as major identified phenols were explored. The HPLC-DAD study confirmed the availability of six phenolic acids, including gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, sinapic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The dominant compounds were: gentisic acid in M. rhodantha and M. spinosissima; chlorogenic acid in M. muehlenpfordtii, M. crucigera, and M. rhodantha; and caffeic acid in M. rhodantha, M. crucigera, and M. spinosissima. Stems of Mammillaria sp. showed antiproliferative effects against HeLa, MCF-7, and Jurkat cells. In HeLa and MCF-7 cells, the best antiproliferative activities were found in the treatments with M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, and M. muehlenpfordtii. The apoptotic assay of M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, and M. muehlenpfordtii showed accumulation of necrotic cells in the early and late apoptotic phase. M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, and M. muehlenpfordtii showed the highest anti-oxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene bleaching, and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) assays. M. rhodantha was the best source of antioxidants. Mammillaria sp. showed moderate anti-bacterial effects against bacteria and the highest effects were found using the extracts of M. rhodantha, M. spinosissima, M. crucigera and M. muehlenpfordtii against most bacteria. The anti-bacterial activities were attributed to other phenolic compounds (e.g., chlorogenic acid) than gentisic acid, which was not active against most bacteria. Mammillaria sp. could be considered to be an important natural source of phenolic acids with anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture, and Garden Design Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management, and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.-S.); (K.J.)
| | - Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.-S.); (K.J.)
| | - Karolina Jafernik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.-S.); (K.J.)
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.-S.); (K.J.)
| | - Eman A. Mahmoud
- Department of Food Industries, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Abdelmoneim Barakat
- Botanical Gardens Research Department, Horticultural Research Institute (ARC), Alexandria 12311, Egypt;
| | - Diaa O. El-Ansary
- Precision Agriculture Laboratory, Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt;
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