1
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Delatour E, Pagnout C, Zaffino ML, Duval JFL. Comparative Analysis of Cell Metabolic Activity Sensing by Escherichia coli rrnB P1-lux and Cd Responsive-Lux Biosensors: Time-Resolved Experiments and Mechanistic Modelling. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:763. [PMID: 36140148 PMCID: PMC9496673 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Whole-cell bacterial sensors are used in medical/environmental applications to detect chemicals, and to assess medium toxicity or stress. Non-specific constitutive biosensors generally serve the latter purpose, whereas chemical detection is performed with biosensors involving a specific chemical-inducible promoter. Herein, we show that functioning principles of specific and non-specific whole-cell biosensors are not exclusive as both can probe modulations of cell metabolic activity under stressing conditions. The demonstration is based on (i) time-resolved measurements of bioluminescence produced by constitutive rrnB P1-luxCDABE Escherichia coli biosensor in media differing with respect to carbon source, (ii) theoretical reconstruction of the measured signals using a here-reported theory for bioluminescence generated by constitutive cells, (iii) comparison between time-dependent cell photoactivity (reflecting metabolic activity) retrieved by theory with that we reported recently for cadmium-inducible PzntA-luxCDABE E. coli in media of similar compositions. Whereas signals of constitutive and non-constitutive biosensors differ in terms of shape, amplitude and peak number depending on nutritional medium conditions, analysis highlights the features shared by their respective cell photoactivity patterns mediated by the interplay between stringent response and catabolite repressions. The work advocates for the benefits of a theoretical interpretation for the time-dependent response of biosensors to unravel metabolic and physicochemical contributions to the bioluminescence signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Delatour
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux), UMR7360, Campus Bridoux, F-57070 Metz, France
| | - Christophe Pagnout
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux), UMR7360, Campus Bridoux, F-57070 Metz, France
| | - Marie L. Zaffino
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux), UMR7360, Campus Bridoux, F-57070 Metz, France
| | - Jérôme F. L. Duval
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360, F-54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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2
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Malea P, Emmanouilidis A, Kevrekidis DP, Moustakas M. Copper uptake kinetics and toxicological effects of ionic Cu and CuO nanoparticles on the seaweed Ulva rigida. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57523-57542. [PMID: 35352227 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper ion (Cu2+) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticle (NP) ecotoxicity are of increasing concern as they are considered to be a potential risk to marine systems. This study represents the first attempt to evaluate CuO NP impacts on the seaweeds and Cu2+ on the chlorophyte Ulva rigida. Effects on oxidative stress, antioxidant defence markers, photosystem II function, thalli growth, and cell viability in U. rigida exposed for 4 up 72 h to1 and 5 mg L-1 Cu2+ and CuO NPs were examined. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and growth inhibition seemed to be reliable and early warning markers of toxicity. The most important variables of the principal component analysis (PCA): H2O2 generation, antioxidant stress markers, and growth-based toxicity index, were higher at 1 mg L-1 CuO NPs compared to CuSO4 and at 5 mg L-1 CuSO4 compared to CuO NPs. Intracellular uptake kinetics fit well to the Michaelis-Menten equation. The higher toxicity at 5 mg L-1 CuSO4 compared to 1 mg L-1 was due to the higher Cu uptake with increasing concentration, suggesting and higher accumulation ability. On the contrary, 1 mg L-1 CuO NPs induced more strongly toxicity effects than 5 mg L-1. The relatively stronger effect of CuO NPs at 1 mg L-1 than the respective CuSO4 concentration could be attributed to the higher rate of initial uptake (Vc) and the mean rate of Cu uptake [Cmax/(2 × Km)] at CuO NP treatment. The intracellular seaweed experimental threshold of Cu, which coincided with the onset of oxidative stress, was within the Cu concentration range recorded in Mediterranean Ulva spp., indicating that it may pose a substantial risk to marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Malea
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
| | - Antonios Emmanouilidis
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Phaedon Kevrekidis
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Moustakas
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
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3
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Razavipour M, Gonzalez M, Singh N, Cimenci CE, Chu N, Alarcon EI, Villafuerte J, Jodoin B. Biofilm Inhibition and Antiviral Response of Cold Sprayed and Shot Peened Copper Surfaces: Effect of Surface Morphology and Microstructure. JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY 2022; 31:130-144. [PMID: 37520908 PMCID: PMC8735887 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-021-01315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial properties of copper against planktonic bacteria population are affected by surface microstructure and topography. However, copper interactions with bacteria in a biofilm state are less studied. This work aims at better understanding the difference in biofilm inhibition of bulk, cold-sprayed, and shot-peened copper surfaces and gaining further insights on the underlying mechanisms using optical and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the topography and microstructure of the surfaces. The biofilm inhibition ability is reported for all surfaces. Results show that the biofilm inhibition performance of cold sprayed copper, while initially better, decreases with time and results in an almost identical performance than as-received copper after 18h incubation time. The shot-peened samples with a rough and ultrafine microstructure demonstrated an enhanced biofilm control, especially at 18 hr. The biofilm control mechanisms were explained by the diffusion rates and concentration of copper ions and the interaction between these ions and the biofilm, while surface topography plays a role in the bacteria attachment at the early planktonic state. Furthermore, the data suggest that surface topography plays a key role in antiviral activity of the materials tested, with a smooth surface being the most efficient. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Razavipour
- Cold Spray Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Mayte Gonzalez
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, BEaTS Research, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Naveen Singh
- Cold Spray Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Cagla Eren Cimenci
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, BEaTS Research, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Nicole Chu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, BEaTS Research, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Emilio I. Alarcon
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, BEaTS Research, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Bertrand Jodoin
- Cold Spray Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
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4
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Pang Y, Ren X, Li J, Liang F, Rao X, Gao Y, Wu W, Li D, Wang J, Zhao J, Hong X, Jiang F, Wang W, Zhou H, Lyu J, Tan G. Development of a Sensitive Escherichia coli Bioreporter Without Antibiotic Markers for Detecting Bioavailable Copper in Water Environments. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3031. [PMID: 32038525 PMCID: PMC6993034 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The whole-cell bioreporters based on the cop-operon sensing elements have been proven specifically useful in the assessment of bioavailable copper ions in water environments. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to further improve the sensitivity and robustness of bioreporters. First, an Escherichia coli △copA△cueO△cusA mutant with three copper transport genes knocked out was constructed. Then, the copAp::gfpmut2 sensing element was inserted into the chromosome of E. coli △copA△cueO△cusA by gene knock-in method to obtain the bioreporter strain E. coli WMC-007. In optimized assay conditions, the linear detection range of Cu2+ was 0.025–5 mg/L (0.39–78.68 μM) after incubating E. coli WMC-007 in Luria–Bertani medium for 5 h. The limit of detection of Cu2+ was 0.0157 mg/L (0.25 μM). Moreover, fluorescence spectrometry and flow cytometry experiments showed more environmental robustness and lower background fluorescence signal than those of the sensor element based on plasmids. In addition, we found that the expression of GFPmut2 in E. coli WMC-007 was induced by free copper ions, rather than complex-bound copper, in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, the addition of 40 mM 3-(N-Morpholino)propanesulfonic acid buffer to E. coli WMC-007 culture enabled accurate quantification of bioavailable copper content in aqueous solution samples within a pH range from 0.87 to 12.84. The copper recovery rate was about 95.88–113.40%. These results demonstrate potential applications of E. coli WMC-007 as a bioreporter to monitor copper contamination in acidic mine drainage, industrial wastewater, and drinking water. Since whole-cell bioreporters are relatively inexpensive and easy to operate, the combination of this method with other physicochemical techniques will in turn provide more specific information on the degree of toxicity in water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Pang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojun Ren
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianghui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Rao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenhe Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xufen Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fengying Jiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huaibin Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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5
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Nakajima H, Fujimoto N, Yamamoto Y, Amemiya T, Itoh K. Effect of Cu on the fluorescence of the Cu-hyperaccumulator lichen Stereocaulon sorediiferum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:36754-36763. [PMID: 31741276 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stereocaulon sorediiferum is expected to be a Cu-hyperaccumulator lichen and has fluorescent substances. To clarify the relationship between the fluorescence (FL) of the lichen and its Cu concentration, we collected S. sorediiferum samples at Cu-contaminated and uncontaminated sites in Japan, determined the concentration of Cu, K, Mg, Al, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, chlorophyll a,b, and total carotenoids in them, analyzed lichen secondary metabolites and fluorescent substances extracted from them, and measured the FL of them and their extracts. We found that the FL intensity of S. sorediiferum samples is significantly negatively correlated with their Cu concentration. The application of its FL for Cu monitoring may allow a new nondestructive quantitative method for assessing Cu contamination. The spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis shows that the fluorescent substances negatively correlated with Cu concentration are not major lichen secondary metabolites (lobaric acid and atranorin) and remain after immersion in acetone. The correlation analysis and the comparison with the causal relationship between Cu concentration and the chlorophyll a/b ratio suggest that the reason for the decrease in FL intensity with increasing Cu concentration is a structural change of the fluorescent substances by accumulated Cu. These findings lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the FL of S. sorediiferum and its Cu concentration and provide new insights into fluorescent lichen substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Nakajima
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogayaku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan.
- Division of General Education, Faculty of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan.
| | - Naoki Fujimoto
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogayaku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Shimoshinjyo-Nakano, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
- Osaka Museum of Natural History, 1-23 Nagai Park, Higashi-Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 546-0034, Japan
| | - Takashi Amemiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogayaku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kiminori Itoh
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogayaku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
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6
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Mansi A, Boccuni F, Iavicoli S. Nanomaterials as a new opportunity for protecting workers from biological risk. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2019; 57:668-675. [PMID: 30814393 PMCID: PMC6885598 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) represent a frequent complication for hospitalized patients and more rarely for workers. In recent years, substantial scientific evidence has been reached regarding the role played by the inanimate surfaces, especially those touched in patient-care areas, in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens. Therefore, it is essential to find new collective protective measures to minimize microbial contamination in healthcare facilities, thereby preventing the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria. We present an overview of the major nano-enabled AntiMicrobial Coatings (AMCs) which may be used as collective protective measures in healthcare setting, discussing also some aspects related to their effectiveness and safety. AMCs may be classified within three groups on base of their mechanism of action: surfaces releasing active compound, contact-killing surfaces and anti-adhesive surfaces. To date, little information is available on the effectiveness of AMCs to reduce the risk of HAIs since the most of studies do not reach conclusive results on their beneficial effects. Moreover, the lack of standard protocols for assessing antimicrobial efficacy and poor data about the interaction between AMCs and disinfectants prevent their placing on the market. Further studies are needed for assessing risks and benefits of AMCs as collective protective measures in healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Mansi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
| | - Fabio Boccuni
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
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7
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Singh S, Hussain A, Shakeel F, Ahsan MJ, Alshehri S, Webster TJ, Lal UR. Recent insights on nanomedicine for augmented infection control. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2301-2325. [PMID: 31114188 PMCID: PMC6497429 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s170280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial agents have been widely investigated for protecting against microbial infections in modern health. Drug-related limitations, poor bioavailability, toxicity to mammalian cells, and frequent bacteria drug resistance are major challenges faced when exploited in nanomedicine forms. Specific attention has been paid to control nanomaterial-based infection against numerous challenging pathogens in addition to improved drug delivery, targeting, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, and thus, efficient antimicrobials have been fabricated using diverse components (metals, metal oxides, synthetic and semisynthetic polymers, natural or biodegradable polymers, etc). The present review covers several nanocarriers delivered through various routes of administration, highlighting major findings to control microbial infection as compared to using the free drug. Results over the past decade support the consistent development of various nanomedicines capable of improving biological significance and therapeutic benefits against an array of microbial strains. Depending on the intended application of nanomedicine, infection control will be challenged by various factors such as weighing the risk-benefits in healthcare settings, nanomaterial-induced (eco)toxicological hazards, frequent development of antibiotic resistance, scarcity of in vivo toxicity data, and a poor understanding of microbial interactions with nanomedicine at the molecular level. This review summarizes well-established informative data for nanomaterials used for infection control and safety concerns of nanomedicines to healthcare sectors followed by the significance of a unique "safe-by-design" approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302023, India
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA,
| | - Uma Ranjan Lal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himacahal Pradesh, India
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8
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Combined Effects of Test Media and Dietary Algae on the Toxicity of CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles to Freshwater Microcrustaceans Daphnia magna and Heterocypris incongruens: Food for Thought. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 9:nano9010023. [PMID: 30585202 PMCID: PMC6359263 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the test medium as well as the presence of algae (microcrustaceans' food) affects the bioavailability and thus the toxicity of metal nanoparticles (NP) to freshwater microcrustaceans. This study evaluated the effect of the addition of algae (Rapidocelis subcapitata at 7.5 × 10⁶ cells/mL) on the toxicity of CuO (primary size 22⁻25 nm) and ZnO NP (10⁻15 nm) to planktic Daphnia magna and benthic Heterocypris incongruens in artificial (mineral) and natural freshwater (lake water). The toxicity of ionic controls, CuSO₄ and ZnSO₄, was evaluated in parallel. When algae were added and the toxicity was tested in mineral medium, 48 h EC50 of CuO and ZnO NP to D. magna was ~2 mg metal/L and 6-day LC50 of H. incongruens was 1.1 mg metal/L for CuO and 0.36 mg metal/L for ZnO. The addition of algae to D. magna test medium mitigated the toxicity of CuO and ZnO NP 4⁻11-fold when the test was conducted in natural water but not in the artificial freshwater. The addition of algae mitigated the toxicity of CuSO₄ (but not ZnSO₄) to D. magna at least 3-fold, whatever the test medium. In the 6-day H. incongruens tests (all exposures included algae), only up to 2-fold differences in metal NP and salt toxicity between mineral and natural test media were observed. To add environmental relevance to NP hazard assessment for the freshwater ecosystem, toxicity tests could be conducted in natural water and organisms could be fed during the exposure.
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9
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Rosenberg M, Vija H, Kahru A, Keevil CW, Ivask A. Rapid in situ assessment of Cu-ion mediated effects and antibacterial efficacy of copper surfaces. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8172. [PMID: 29802355 PMCID: PMC5970231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Release of metal ions from metal-based surfaces has been considered one of the main drivers of their antimicrobial activity. Here we describe a method that enables parallel assessment of metal ion release from solid metallic surfaces and antimicrobial efficacy of these surfaces in a short time period. The protocol involves placement of a small volume of bioluminescent bacteria onto the tested surface and direct measurement of bioluminescence at various time points. In this study, two recombinant Escherichia coli strains, one expressing bioluminescence constitutively and applicable for general antimicrobial testing, and the other induced by Cu ions, were selected. Decrease in bioluminescence of constitutive E. coli on the surfaces showed a good correlation with the decrease in bacterial viability. Response of Cu-inducible E. coli showed a correlation with Cu content in the tested surfaces but not with Cu dissolution suggesting the role of direct bacteria-surface contact in Cu ion-driven antibacterial effects. In summary, the presented protocol enables the analysis of microbial toxicity and bioavailability of surface-released metal ions directly on solid surfaces within 30-60 min. Although optimized for copper and copper alloy surfaces and E. coli, the method can be extended to other types of metallic surfaces and bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merilin Rosenberg
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Heiki Vija
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia.,Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - C William Keevil
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Angela Ivask
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia.
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10
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McGivney E, Jones KE, Weber B, Valentine AM, VanBriesen JM, Gregory KB. Quorum Sensing Signals Form Complexes with Ag + and Cu 2+ Cations. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:894-899. [PMID: 29508988 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) regulates important bacterial behaviors such as virulent protein production and biofilm formation. QS requires that molecular signals are exchanged between cells, extracellularly, where environmental conditions influence signal stability. In this work, we present a novel complexation between metal cations (Ag+ and Cu2+) and a QS autoinducer signal, N-hexanoyl- L-homoserine lactone (HHL). The molecular interactions were investigated using mass spectrometery, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and computational simulations. Results show that HHL forms predominantly 1:1 complexes with Ag+ ( Kd = 3.41 × 10-4 M) or Cu2+ ( Kd = 1.40 × 10-5 M), with the coordination chemistry occurring on the oxygen moieties. In vivo experiments with Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 show that sublethal concentrations of Ag+ and Cu2+ decreased HHL-regulated QS activity. Furthermore, when Ag+ was preincubated with HHL, Ag+ toxicity to CV026 decreased by an order of magnitude, suggesting HHL:metal complexes alter the bioavailability of the individual constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric McGivney
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Bandrea Weber
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Jeanne M. VanBriesen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Kelvin B. Gregory
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Durham, North Carolina, United States
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11
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Blinova I, Vija H, Lukjanova A, Muna M, Syvertsen-Wiig G, Kahru A. Assessment of the hazard of nine (doped) lanthanides-based ceramic oxides to four aquatic species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:1171-1176. [PMID: 28892861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The risk of environmental pollution with rare earth oxides rises in line with increasing application of these compounds in different sectors. However, data on potential environmental hazard of lanthanides is scarce and concerns mostly Ce and Gd. In this work, the aquatic toxicity of eight doped lanthanide-based ceramic oxides (Ce0.9Gd0.1O2, LaFeO3, Gd0.97CoO3, LaCoO3, (La0.5Sr0.5)0.99MnO3, Ce0.8Pr0.2O2, (La0.6Sr0.4)0.95CoO3, LaNiO4) and one non-doped oxide (CeO2) with primary size from 23 to 590nm were evaluated in four short-term laboratory assays with freshwater crustaceans and duckweeds. Results showed no acute toxicity (EC50>100mg/L) or very low acute toxicity for most studied oxides. Observed toxicity was probably due to bioavailable fraction of dopant metals (Ni and Co) but in the case of aquatic plants, decrease of nutrient availability (complexing of phosphorus by lanthanides) was also presumed. Studied oxides/metals accumulated in the aquatic plant tissue and in the gut of crustaceans and thus may be further transferred via the aquatic food chain. Accumulation of metals in the duckweed Lemna minor may be recommended as a cost-effective screening bioassay for assessment of potential hazard of poorly soluble oxides to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Blinova
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Heiki Vija
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Aljona Lukjanova
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Marge Muna
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | | | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn 10130, Estonia
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12
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Muna M, Heinlaan M, Blinova I, Vija H, Kahru A. Evaluation of the effect of test medium on total Cu body burden of nano CuO-exposed Daphnia magna: A TXRF spectroscopy study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1488-1496. [PMID: 28967571 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of Cu and Cu-based nanoparticles (NPs) to aquatic biota is usually mitigated in natural freshwater compared to organics-free artificial freshwater. The main aim of this study was to evaluate whether mitigated toxicity is accompanied by lower total copper body burden in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna and whether CuO NPs are more hazardous in this aspect than soluble Cu salts. Total copper body burden in different media (OECD202 artificial freshwater and two natural freshwaters) was measured by a relatively novel technique - total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectroscopy - which proved suitable for the analysis of individual juvenile daphnids. Mean copper body burden was 2.8-42 times higher in daphnids exposed to CuO NPs (0.05 mg Cu/L and 1 mg Cu/L) than in daphnids exposed to equal or equitoxic concentrations (0.025 mg Cu/L and 0.05 mg Cu/L) of CuSO4. Using natural freshwater instead of artificial one resulted in increased copper burden after exposure to CuO NPs but not after exposure to Cu salt. After 24 h post-exposure depuration in the presence of algae Raphidocelis subcapitata, total copper body burden in daphnids exposed to CuO NPs sharply decreased while in daphnids exposed to Cu salt it did not. Despite the CuO NP toxicity mitigating effect of natural freshwater, total copper body burden of aquatic crustaceans in natural waterbodies may be greater than could be predicted based on the results obtained using artificial freshwater as the test medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marge Muna
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Margit Heinlaan
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Irina Blinova
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Heiki Vija
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
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Lin S, Mortimer M, Chen R, Kakinen A, Riviere JE, Davis TP, Ding F, Ke PC. NanoEHS beyond Toxicity - Focusing on Biocorona. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2017; 7:1433-1454. [PMID: 29123668 PMCID: PMC5673284 DOI: 10.1039/c6en00579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The first phase of environmental health and safety of nanomaterials (nanoEHS) studies has been mainly focused on evidence-based investigations that probe the impact of nanoparticles, nanomaterials and nano-enabled products on biological and ecological systems. The integration of multiple disciplines, including colloidal science, nanomaterial science, chemistry, toxicology/immunology and environmental science, is necessary to understand the implications of nanotechnology for both human health and the environment. While strides have been made in connecting the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials with their hazard potential in tiered models, fundamental understanding of nano-biomolecular interactions and their implications for nanoEHS is largely absent from the literature. Research on nano-biomolecular interactions within the context of natural systems not only provides important clues for deciphering nanotoxicity and nanoparticle-induced pathology, but also presents vast new opportunities for screening beneficial material properties and designing greener products from bottom up. This review highlights new opportunities concerning nano-biomolecular interactions beyond the scope of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, Earth Research Institute and University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ran Chen
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Aleksandr Kakinen
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jim E. Riviere
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- ARC Center of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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Juganson K, Mortimer M, Ivask A, Pucciarelli S, Miceli C, Orupõld K, Kahru A. Mechanisms of toxic action of silver nanoparticles in the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila: From gene expression to phenotypic events. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 225:481-489. [PMID: 28318795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are highly toxic to aquatic organisms, however, there is no consensus whether the toxicity is caused solely by released Ag-ions or also by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, the effects of protein-coated AgNPs (14.6 nm, Collargol) were studied on viability, oxidative stress and gene expression levels in wild type strains (CU427 and CU428) of ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila. Viability-based 24 h EC50 values of AgNPs were relatively high and significantly different for the two strains: ∼100 mg/L and ∼75 mg/L for CU427 and CU428, respectively. Similarly, the expression profiles of oxidative stress (OS) related genes in the two strains were different. However, even though some OS related genes were overexpressed in AgNP-exposed ciliates, intracellular ROS level was not elevated, possibly due to efficient cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms. Compared to OS related genes, metallothionein genes were upregulated at a considerably higher level (36 versus 5000-fold) suggesting that Ag-ion mediated toxicity mechanism prevailed over OS related pathway. Also, comparison between Ag-ions released from AgNPs at EC50 concentration and the respective EC50 values of AgNO3 indicated that Ag-ions played a major role in the toxicity of AgNPs in T. thermophila. The study highlights the importance of combining physiological assays with gene expression analysis in elucidating the mechanisms of action of NPs to reveal subtle cellular responses that may not be detectable in bioassays. In addition, our data filled the gaps on the toxicity of AgNPs for environmentally relevant and abundant organisms. The parallel study of two wild type strains allowed us to draw conclusions on strain to strain variability in susceptibility to AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katre Juganson
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Angela Ivask
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Sandra Pucciarelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Cristina Miceli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Kaja Orupõld
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
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Proactive Approach for Safe Use of Antimicrobial Coatings in Healthcare Settings: Opinion of the COST Action Network AMiCI. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14040366. [PMID: 28362344 PMCID: PMC5409567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Infections and infectious diseases are considered a major challenge to human health in healthcare units worldwide. This opinion paper was initiated by EU COST Action network AMiCI (AntiMicrobial Coating Innovations) and focuses on scientific information essential for weighing the risks and benefits of antimicrobial surfaces in healthcare settings. Particular attention is drawn on nanomaterial-based antimicrobial surfaces in frequently-touched areas in healthcare settings and the potential of these nano-enabled coatings to induce (eco)toxicological hazard and antimicrobial resistance. Possibilities to minimize those risks e.g., at the level of safe-by-design are demonstrated.
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Kaiser JP, Roesslein M, Diener L, Wichser A, Nowack B, Wick P. Cytotoxic effects of nanosilver are highly dependent on the chloride concentration and the presence of organic compounds in the cell culture media. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:5. [PMID: 28061858 PMCID: PMC5219688 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanosilver shows great promise for use in industrial, consumer or medical products because of its antimicrobial properties. However, the underlying mechanisms of the effects of silver nanoparticles on human cells are still controversial. Therefore, in the present study the influence of the chloride concentration and different serum content of culture media on the cytotoxic effects of nanosilver was systematically evaluated. RESULTS Our results show that nanosilver toxicity was strongly affected by the composition of the culture media. The chloride concentration, as well as the carbon content affected the silver agglomeration and the complex formation. But also the dissolution of nanosilver and the availability of free silver ions (Ag+) were severely affected by the compositions of the culture media. Cells, only exposed to silver particles in suspension and dissolved silver complexes, did not show any effects under all conditions. Nanosilver agglomerates and silver complexes were not very soluble. Thus, cells growing on the bottom of the culture dishes were exposed to sedimented nanosilver agglomerates and precipitated silver complexes. Locally, the concentration of silver on the cell surface was very high, much higher compared the silver concentration in the bulk solution. The cytotoxic effects of nanosilver are therefore a combination of precipitated silver complexes and organic silver compounds rather than free silver ions. CONCLUSIONS Silver coatings are used in health care products due to their bacteriostatic or antibacterial properties. The assessment of the toxicity of a certain compound is mostly done using in vitro assays. Therefore, cytotoxicity studies of nanosilver using human cell cultures have to be undertaken under well controlled and understood cultivations conditions in order to improve the compatibility of different studies. Especially when eukaryotic versus prokaryotic systems are compared for the evaluation of the use of nanosilver as antibacterial coatings for implants in order to prevent bacterial colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Kaiser
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Roesslein
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Diener
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Wichser
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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17
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Piret JP, Bondarenko OM, Boyles MSP, Himly M, Ribeiro AR, Benetti F, Smal C, Lima B, Potthoff A, Simion M, Dumortier E, Leite PEC, Balottin LB, Granjeiro JM, Ivask A, Kahru A, Radauer-Preiml I, Tischler U, Duschl A, Saout C, Anguissola S, Haase A, Jacobs A, Nelissen I, Misra SK, Toussaint O. Pan-European inter-laboratory studies on a panel of in vitro cytotoxicity and pro-inflammation assays for nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:2315-2330. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Heinlaan M, Muna M, Knöbel M, Kistler D, Odzak N, Kühnel D, Müller J, Gupta GS, Kumar A, Shanker R, Sigg L. Natural water as the test medium for Ag and CuO nanoparticle hazard evaluation: An interlaboratory case study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 216:689-699. [PMID: 27357482 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have realistic potential of reaching natural waterbodies and of exerting toxicity to freshwater organisms. The toxicity may be influenced by the composition of natural waters as crucial NP properties are influenced by water constituents. To tackle this issue, a case study was set up in the framework of EU FP7 NanoValid project, performing an interlaboratory hazard evaluation of NPs in natural freshwater. Ag and CuO NPs were selected as model NPs because of their potentially high toxicity in the freshwater. Daphnia magna (OECD202) and Danio rerio embryo (OECD236) assays were used to evaluate NP toxicity in natural water, sampled from Lake Greifen and Lake Lucerne (Switzerland). Dissolution of the NPs was evaluated by ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and metal specific sensor bacteria. Ag NP size was stable in natural water while CuO NPs agglomerated and settled rapidly. Ag NP suspensions contained a large fraction of Ag(+) ions and CuO NP suspensions had low concentration of Cu(2+) ions. Ag NPs were very toxic (48 h EC50 1-5.5 μg Ag/L) to D. magna as well as to D. rerio embryos (96 h EC50 8.8-61 μg Ag/L) in both standard media and natural waters with results in good agreement between laboratories. CuO NP toxicity to D. magna differed significantly between the laboratories with 48 h EC50 0.9-11 mg Cu/L in standard media, 5.7-75 mg Cu/L in Lake Greifen and 5.5-26 mg Cu/L in Lake Lucerne. No toxicity of CuO NP to zebrafish embryos was detected up to 100 mg/L independent of the medium used. The results show that Ag and CuO NP toxicity may be higher in natural water than in the standard media due to differences in composition. NP environmental hazard evaluation can and should be carried out in natural water to obtain more realistic estimates on the toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Heinlaan
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Marge Muna
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Melanie Knöbel
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - David Kistler
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Niksa Odzak
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dana Kühnel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr.15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josefine Müller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr.15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Govind Sharan Gupta
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Rishi Shanker
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Laura Sigg
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Bertuola M, Grillo CA, Fernández Lorenzo de Mele M. Reduction of copper ions release by a novel ecofriendly electropolymerized nanolayer obtained from a natural compound (carvacrol). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 313:262-271. [PMID: 27132073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The release of copper ions by copper-containing devices, equipments and facilities represents a potential risk for biological systems. Different inhibitory treatments (CuIT) that use organic compounds have been proposed to reduce this environmental hazard but many of them are not in accordance with new regulations. The development of an ecofriendly CuIT based on the use of carvacrol, a natural phenolic compound present in essential oils, is reported here. The effects of carvacrol adsorption (adCarv) and its electropolymerization (polyCarv) were examined. Electropolymerization was attained after cycling the copper electrode in the 0.3-1.0V potential range. Electrochemical techniques complemented by ATR-FTIR, XPS, SEM and AFM surface analyses were used to evaluate the composition and characteristics of the layers. Results demonstrated that adCarv includes cetonic structures while polyCarv additionally contains ether bonds. AFM and SEM observations showed the presence of round nanoglobules, larger for adCarv (close to 50nm diameter). Cytotoxicity of adCarv and polyCarv layers on copper was also evaluated. The comparative analysis of both treatments revealed that polyCarv nanolayer is highly protective while the adCarv layer is weakly protective and reduction in cell viability was found. It was concluded that CuIT that leads to polyCarv nanolayer is very effective and ecofriendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bertuola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - C A Grillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Fernández Lorenzo de Mele
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 1, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Bondarenko OM, Heinlaan M, Sihtmäe M, Ivask A, Kurvet I, Joonas E, Jemec A, Mannerström M, Heinonen T, Rekulapelly R, Singh S, Zou J, Pyykkö I, Drobne D, Kahru A. Multilaboratory evaluation of 15 bioassays for (eco)toxicity screening and hazard ranking of engineered nanomaterials: FP7 project NANOVALID. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1229-42. [PMID: 27259032 PMCID: PMC5030619 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1196251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Within EU FP7 project NANOVALID, the (eco)toxicity of 7 well-characterized engineered nanomaterials (NMs) was evaluated by 15 bioassays in 4 laboratories. The highest tested nominal concentration of NMs was 100 mg/l. The panel of the bioassays yielded the following toxicity order: Ag > ZnO > CuO > TiO2 > MWCNTs > SiO2 > Au. Ag, ZnO and CuO proved very toxic in the majority of assays, assumingly due to dissolution. The latter was supported by the parallel analysis of the toxicity of respective soluble metal salts. The most sensitive tests/species were Daphnia magna (towards Ag NMs, 24-h EC50 = 0.003 mg Ag/l), algae Raphidocelis subcapitata (ZnO and CuO, 72-h EC50 = 0.14 mg Zn/l and 0.7 mg Cu/l, respectively) and murine fibroblasts BALB/3T3 (CuO, 48-h EC50 = 0.7 mg Cu/l). MWCNTs showed toxicity only towards rat alveolar macrophages (EC50 = 15.3 mg/l) assumingly due to high aspect ratio and TiO2 towards R. subcapitata (EC50 = 6.8 mg Ti/l) due to agglomeration of TiO2 and entrapment of algal cells. Finally, we constructed a decision tree to select the bioassays for hazard ranking of NMs. For NM testing, we recommend a multitrophic suite of 4 in vitro (eco)toxicity assays: 48-h D. magna immobilization (OECD202), 72-h R. subcapitata growth inhibition (OECD201), 30-min Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition (ISO2010) and 48-h murine fibroblast BALB/3T3 neutral red uptake in vitro (OECD129) representing crustaceans, algae, bacteria and mammalian cells, respectively. Notably, our results showed that these assays, standardized for toxicity evaluation of “regular” chemicals, proved efficient also for shortlisting of hazardous NMs. Additional assays are recommended for immunotoxicity evaluation of high aspect ratio NMs (such as MWCNTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesja M Bondarenko
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Margit Heinlaan
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Mariliis Sihtmäe
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Angela Ivask
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Imbi Kurvet
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Elise Joonas
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia .,b Faculty of Science and Technology , Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Tartu University , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Anita Jemec
- c Biotechnical Faculty , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Marika Mannerström
- d The Finnish Centre for Alternative Methods (FICAM) , School of Medicine, University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland
| | - Tuula Heinonen
- d The Finnish Centre for Alternative Methods (FICAM) , School of Medicine, University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland
| | - Rohit Rekulapelly
- e The Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Habsiguda , Hyderabad, Telangana , India , and
| | - Shashi Singh
- e The Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Habsiguda , Hyderabad, Telangana , India , and
| | - Jing Zou
- f Hearing and Balance Research Unit , Field of Oto-Laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland
| | - Ilmari Pyykkö
- f Hearing and Balance Research Unit , Field of Oto-Laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland
| | - Damjana Drobne
- c Biotechnical Faculty , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Anne Kahru
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics , Tallinn , Estonia
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Birinci A, Eren H, Coldur F, Coskun E, Andac M. Rapid determination of trace level copper in tea infusion samples by solid contact ion selective electrode. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:485-492. [PMID: 28911553 PMCID: PMC9336652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new solid contact copper selective electrode with a poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane consisting of o-xylylenebis(N,N-diisobutyldithiocarbamate) as ionophore has been prepared. The main novelties of constructed ion selective electrode concept are the enhanced robustness, cheapness, and fastness due to the use of solid contacts. The electrode exhibits a rapid (< 10 seconds) and near-Nernstian response to Cu2+ activity from 10-1 to 10-6 mol/L at the pH range of 4.0-6.0. No serious interference from common ions was found. The electrode characterizes by high potential stability, reproducibility, and full repeatability. The electrode was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Cu(II) ions with EDTA and for the direct assay of tea infusion samples by means of the calibration graph technique. The results compared favorably with those obtained by the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Birinci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hilal Eren
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Fatih Coldur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Emine Coskun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Muberra Andac
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian L. Gunsolus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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23
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Shang E, Li Y, Niu J, Guo H, Zhou Y, Liu H, Zhang X. Effect of aqueous media on the copper-ion-mediated phototoxicity of CuO nanoparticles toward green fluorescent protein-expressing Escherichia coli. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 122:238-244. [PMID: 26283288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative comparison of different aqueous media on the phototoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) is crucial for understanding their ecological effects. In this study, the phototoxicity of CuO NPs toward the green fluorescent protein-expressing Escherichia coli (GFP-E. coli) under UV irradiation (365 nm) was investigated in Luria-Bertani medium (LB), NaCl solution, deionized water (DI) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The phototoxicity of CuO NPs toward GFP-E. coli decreased in the order of DI>NaCl>PBS>LB because of different released concentrations of Cu(2+). The 3h released Cu(2+) concentrations by 10mg/L CuO NPs in DI water, NaCl solution, LB medium, and PBS were 1946.3 ± 75.6, 1242.5 ± 47.6, 1023.4 ± 41.2, and 1162.1 ± 41.9 μg/L, respectively. Transmission electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope images of E. coli exposed to CuO NPs demonstrated that the released Cu(2+) resulted in fragmentation of bacterial cell walls, leakage of intracellular components, and finally death of bacteria in four media after UV light irradiation. In each medium, the bacterial mortality rate logarithmically increased with the releasing concentrations of Cu(2+) by CuO NPs (R(2)>0.90) exposed to 3h UV light. This study highlights the importance of taking into consideration of water chemistry when the phototoxicity of CuO NPs is assessed in nanotoxicity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxiang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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24
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Tantra R, Bouwmeester H, Bolea E, Rey-Castro C, David CA, Dogné JM, Jarman J, Laborda F, Laloy J, Robinson KN, Undas AK, van der Zande M. Suitability of analytical methods to measure solubility for the purpose of nanoregulation. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:173-84. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1038661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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25
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Suppi S, Kasemets K, Ivask A, Künnis-Beres K, Sihtmäe M, Kurvet I, Aruoja V, Kahru A. A novel method for comparison of biocidal properties of nanomaterials to bacteria, yeasts and algae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 286:75-84. [PMID: 25559861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity testing of nanomaterials (NMs) is experimentally challenging because NMs may interfere with test environment and assay components. In this work we propose a simple and reliable method--a 'spot test' to compare biocidal potency of NMs to unicellular microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts and algae. The assay is straightforward: cells are incubated in deionized water suspensions of NMs for up to 24h and then pipetted as a 'spot' on agarized medium. Altogether seven bacterial strains, yeast and a microalga were tested. CuO, TiO2 and two different Ag NPs, multi-wall C-nanotubes (MWCNTs), AgNO3, CuSO4, 3,5-dichlorophenol, triclosan and H2O2 were analyzed. The biocidal potency of tested substances ranged from 0.1mg/L to >1000 mg/L; whereas, the least potent NMs toward all test species were TiO2 NPs and MWCNTs and most potent Ag and CuO NPs. Based on the similar toxicity pattern of the tested chemicals on the nine unicellular organisms in deionized water we conclude that toxicity mechanism of biocidal chemicals seems to be similar, whatever the organism (bacteria, yeast, alga). Therefore, when the organisms are not 'protected' by their environment that usually includes various organic and inorganic supplements their tolerance to toxicants is chemical- rather than organism-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Suppi
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia; Faculty of Chemical and Materials Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.
| | - Kaja Kasemets
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Angela Ivask
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Kai Künnis-Beres
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Mariliis Sihtmäe
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Imbi Kurvet
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Villem Aruoja
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
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26
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Song Y, Jiang B, Tian S, Tang H, Liu Z, Li C, Jia J, Huang WE, Zhang X, Li G. A whole-cell bioreporter approach for the genotoxicity assessment of bioavailability of toxic compounds in contaminated soil in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 195:178-184. [PMID: 25243386 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A whole-cell bacterial bioreporter Acinetobacter baylyi strain ADP1_recA_lux that responds to genotoxins was employed to directly assess the adverse effects of the bioavailable fraction of mitomycin C (MMC), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), chromium (VI) and lead (II) in amended soils and soil samples from two fragile areas in China without soil pre-treatment. The amended soils containing pollutants with the concentrations as low as 0.4 mg/kg MMC, 0.5 mg/kg BaP, 520 mg/kg Cr (VI) and 2072 mg/kg Pb (II) were found to be toxic. Soil particle-associated pollutants accounted for 86%, 100%, 29%, and 92% of the genotoxicity in the MMC, BaP, Cr (VI), and Pb (II) amended soil, respectively. The soils from contaminated sites were also valid to be genotoxic. The results suggest both free and soil particle-associated pollutants are bioavailable to soil organisms and a solid-phase contact bioreporter assay to soil contamination could provide a rapid screening tool for environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Song
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Sicong Tian
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Hui Tang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Zengjun Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Chuan Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Jianli Jia
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Wei E Huang
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Guanghe Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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27
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Majedi SM, Kelly BC, Lee HK. Toward a robust analytical method for separating trace levels of nano-materials in natural waters: cloud point extraction of nano-copper(II) oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:11811-11822. [PMID: 24293302 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cloud point extraction (CPE) factors, namely Triton X-114 (TX-114) concentration, pH, ionic strength, incubation time, and temperature, were optimized for the separation of nano-sized copper(II) oxide (nCuO) in aqueous matrices. The kinetics of phase transfer was studied using UV-visible spectroscopy. From the highest separation rate, the most favorable conditions were observed with 0.2 % w/v of TX-114, pH = 9.0, ionic strength of 10 mM NaCl, and incubation at 40 °C for 60 min, yielding an extraction efficiency of 89.2 ± 3.9 % and a preconcentration factor of 86. The aggregate size distribution confirmed the formation of very large nCuO-micelle assemblies (11.9 μm) under these conditions. The surface charge of nCuO was also diminished effectively. An extraction efficiency of 91 % was achieved with a mixture of TX-100 and TX-114 containing 30 wt.% of TX-100. Natural organic and particulate matters, represented by humic acid (30 mg/L) and micron-sized silica particles (50 mg/L), respectively, did not significantly reduce the CPE efficiency (<10 %). The recovery of copper(II) ions (20 mg/L) in the presence of humic acid was low (3-10 %). The spiked natural water samples were analyzed either directly or after CPE by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry following acid digestion/microwave irradiation. The results indicated the influence of matrix effects and their reduction by CPE. A delay between spiking nCuO and CPE may also influence the recovery of nCuO due to aggregation and dissolution. A detection limit of 0.04 μg Cu/L was achieved for nCuO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Majedi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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28
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Size-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles to bacteria, yeast, algae, crustaceans and mammalian cells in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102108. [PMID: 25048192 PMCID: PMC4105572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of nanotechnologies is based on size-dependent properties of particles in the 1–100 nm range. However, the relation between the particle size and biological effects is still unclear. The aim of the current paper was to generate and analyse a homogenous set of experimental toxicity data on Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) of similar coating (citrate) but of 5 different primary sizes (10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 nm) to different types of organisms/cells commonly used in toxicity assays: bacterial, yeast and algal cells, crustaceans and mammalian cells in vitro. When possible, the assays were conducted in ultrapure water to minimise the effect of medium components on silver speciation. The toxic effects of NPs to different organisms varied about two orders of magnitude, being the lowest (∼0.1 mg Ag/L) for crustaceans and algae and the highest (∼26 mg Ag/L) for mammalian cells. To quantify the role of Ag ions in the toxicity of Ag NPs, we normalized the EC50 values to Ag ions that dissolved from the NPs. The analysis showed that the toxicity of 20–80 nm Ag NPs could fully be explained by released Ag ions whereas 10 nm Ag NPs proved more toxic than predicted. Using E. coli Ag-biosensor, we demonstrated that 10 nm Ag NPs were more bioavailable to E. coli than silver salt (AgNO3). Thus, one may infer that 10 nm Ag NPs had more efficient cell-particle contact resulting in higher intracellular bioavailability of silver than in case of bigger NPs. Although the latter conclusion is initially based on one test organism, it may lead to an explanation for “size-dependent“ biological effects of silver NPs. This study, for the first time, investigated the size-dependent toxic effects of a well-characterized library of Ag NPs to several microbial species, protozoans, algae, crustaceans and mammalian cells in vitro.
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29
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McShane HVA, Sunahara GI, Whalen JK, Hendershot WH. Differences in soil solution chemistry between soils amended with nanosized CuO or Cu reference materials: implications for nanotoxicity tests. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:8135-8142. [PMID: 24992481 DOI: 10.1021/es500141h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil toxicity tests for metal oxide nanoparticles often include micrometer-sized oxide and metal salt treatments to distinguish between toxicity from nanometer-sized particles, non-nanometer-sized particles, and dissolved ions. Test result will be confounded if each chemical form has different effects on soil solution chemistry. We report on changes in soil solution chemistry over 56 days-the duration of some standard soil toxicity tests-in three soils amended with 500 mg/kg Cu as nanometer-sized CuO (nano), micrometer-sized CuO (micrometer), or Cu(NO3)2 (salt). In the CuO-amended soils, the log Cu2+ activity was initially low (minimum -9.48) and increased with time (maximum -5.20), whereas in the salt-amended soils it was initially high (maximum -4.80) and decreased with time (minimum -6.10). The Cu2+ activity in the nano-amended soils was higher than in the micrometer-amended soils for at least the first 11 days, and lower than in the salt-amended soils for at least 28 d. The pH, and dissolved Ca and Mg concentrations in the CuO-amended soils were similar, but the salt-amended soils had lower pH for at least 14 d, and higher Ca and Mg concentrations throughout the test. Soil pretreatments such as leaching and aging prior to toxicity tests are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather V A McShane
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University , 21,111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
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30
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Ivask A, Elbadawy A, Kaweeteerawat C, Boren D, Fischer H, Ji Z, Chang CH, Liu R, Tolaymat T, Telesca D, Zink JI, Cohen Y, Holden PA, Godwin HA. Toxicity mechanisms in Escherichia coli vary for silver nanoparticles and differ from ionic silver. ACS NANO 2014; 8:374-86. [PMID: 24341736 DOI: 10.1021/nn4044047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are commonly added to various consumer products and materials to impair bacterial growth. Recent studies suggested that the primary mechanism of antibacterial action of silver nanoparticles is release of silver ion (Ag(+)) and that particle-specific activity of silver nanoparticles is negligible. Here, we used a genome-wide library of Escherichia coli consisting of ∼4000 single gene deletion mutants to elucidate which physiological pathways are involved in how E. coli responds to different Ag NPs. The nanoparticles studied herein varied in both size and surface charge. AgNO3 was used as a control for soluble silver ions. Within a series of differently sized citrate-coated Ag NPs, smaller size resulted in higher Ag ion dissolution and toxicity. Nanoparticles functionalized with cationic, branched polyethylene imine (BPEI) exhibited equal toxicity with AgNO3. When we used a genome-wide approach to investigate the pathways involved in the response of E. coli to different toxicants, we found that only one of the particles (Ag-cit10) exhibited a pattern of response that was statistically similar to that of silver ion. By contrast, the pathways involved in E. coli response to Ag-BPEI particles were more similar to those observed for another cationic nanoparticle that did not contain Ag. Overall, we found that the pathways involved in bacterial responses to Ag nanoparticles are highly dependent on physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles, particularly the surface characteristics. These results have important implications for the regulation and testing of silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ivask
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology and ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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31
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Bondarenko O, Juganson K, Ivask A, Kasemets K, Mortimer M, Kahru A. Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to selected environmentally relevant test organisms and mammalian cells in vitro: a critical review. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1181-200. [PMID: 23728526 PMCID: PMC3677982 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 669] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) of copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and especially nanosilver are intentionally used to fight the undesirable growth of bacteria, fungi and algae. Release of these NPs from consumer and household products into waste streams and further into the environment may, however, pose threat to the 'non-target' organisms, such as natural microbes and aquatic organisms. This review summarizes the recent research on (eco)toxicity of silver (Ag), CuO and ZnO NPs. Organism-wise it focuses on key test species used for the analysis of ecotoxicological hazard. For comparison, the toxic effects of studied NPs toward mammalian cells in vitro were addressed. Altogether 317 L(E)C50 or minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values were obtained for algae, crustaceans, fish, bacteria, yeast, nematodes, protozoa and mammalian cell lines. As a rule, crustaceans, algae and fish proved most sensitive to the studied NPs. The median L(E)C50 values of Ag NPs, CuO NPs and ZnO NPs (mg/L) were 0.01, 2.1 and 2.3 for crustaceans; 0.36, 2.8 and 0.08 for algae; and 1.36, 100 and 3.0 for fish, respectively. Surprisingly, the NPs were less toxic to bacteria than to aquatic organisms: the median MIC values for bacteria were 7.1, 200 and 500 mg/L for Ag, CuO and ZnO NPs, respectively. In comparison, the respective median L(E)C50 values for mammalian cells were 11.3, 25 and 43 mg/L. Thus, the toxic range of all the three metal-containing NPs to target- and non-target organisms overlaps, indicating that the leaching of biocidal NPs from consumer products should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesja Bondarenko
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Katre Juganson
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Angela Ivask
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kaja Kasemets
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Aquatic Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Institute F.-A. Forel, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 10 route de Suisse, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
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McLean JE, Pabst MW, Miller CD, Dimkpa CO, Anderson AJ. Effect of complexing ligands on the surface adsorption, internalization, and bioresponse of copper and cadmium in a soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:374-382. [PMID: 23270705 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Environmental quality criteria for metals toxic to soil and water organisms, using the free ion activity model or the biotic ligand model, are based on the concept that the major form of the metal available to the organism is the free metal ion, yet various metal complexes are bioavailable to a variety of soil and water organisms. We test here whether neutral copper or cadmium sulfates, negatively-charged copper or cadmium citrates and positively-charged copper acetate and cadmium chloride are bioavailable to a soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida. Adsorption onto the cell surface and uptake into the periplasm and cytoplasm of this Gram-negative root colonizing bacterium was studied by adding a single concentration of Cu or Cd and varying the concentration of the ligands to complex 10-100% of the metal. Metal association from the complexes on and within the cell was defined using selective extraction procedures and compared with free ion controls using the Langmuir isotherm. Cellular responses also were assessed using a P. putida biosensor. Both uptake and bioresponse methodologies showed that P. putida was sensitive to the metal complexes. In particular, the bioresponse to Cu and Cd supplied as a citrate complex occurred with activities of free metal ions two orders of magnitude lower than for the control. We concluded that the tested metal complexes for Cu and Cd are taken up into the cell, where they trigger a bioresponse. We also discuss the implications of these findings on interactions between soil and water organisms and nanoparticles that release metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan E McLean
- Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, 8200 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-8200, USA.
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Kasemets K, Suppi S, Künnis-Beres K, Kahru A. Toxicity of CuO Nanoparticles to Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 Wild-Type and Its Nine Isogenic Single-Gene Deletion Mutants. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:356-67. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300467d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Kasemets
- National Institute of Chemical
Physics and Biophysics, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Sandra Suppi
- National Institute of Chemical
Physics and Biophysics, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
- Department of Chemical and Materials
Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - Kai Künnis-Beres
- National Institute of Chemical
Physics and Biophysics, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Anne Kahru
- National Institute of Chemical
Physics and Biophysics, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
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34
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Golobič M, Jemec A, Drobne D, Romih T, Kasemets K, Kahru A. Upon exposure to Cu nanoparticles, accumulation of copper in the isopod Porcellio scaber is due to the dissolved Cu ions inside the digestive tract. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:12112-12119. [PMID: 23046103 DOI: 10.1021/es3022182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The fate of nanoparticles in organisms is of significant interest. In the current work, we used a test system with terrestrial isopods (Porcellio scaber) fed with food spiked with Cu NPs or soluble Cu salt for 14 days. Two different doses were used for spiking to yield final concentrations of 2000 and 5000 μg Cu/g dry food. After the exposure period, part of the exposed group of animals was transferred to clean food to depurate. Cu content was analyzed in the digestive glands, gut, and the 'rest' of the body. Similar patterns of (i) assimilated and depurated amounts of Cu, (ii) Cu body distribution, and (iii) effect on isopods feeding behavior were observed regardless of whether the animals were fed with Cu NPs or soluble Cu salt spiked food. Thus, Cu ions and not Cu NPs were assimilated by the digestive gland cells. Solubilization of the Cu NPs applied to the leaves was also analyzed with chemical methods and recombinant Cu-sensing bacteria. The comparison of the in vitro data on solubilization of Cu NPs and in vivo data on Cu accumulation in the animal tissues showed that about 99% of accumulated copper ions was dissolved from ingested Cu NPs in the digestive system of isopods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miha Golobič
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Rousk J, Ackermann K, Curling SF, Jones DL. Comparative toxicity of nanoparticulate CuO and ZnO to soil bacterial communities. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34197. [PMID: 22479561 PMCID: PMC3315546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing industrial application of metal oxide Engineered Nano-Particles (ENPs) is likely to increase their environmental release to soils. While the potential of metal oxide ENPs as environmental toxicants has been shown, lack of suitable control treatments have compromised the power of many previous assessments. We evaluated the ecotoxicity of ENP (nano) forms of Zn and Cu oxides in two different soils by measuring their ability to inhibit bacterial growth. We could show a direct acute toxicity of nano-CuO acting on soil bacteria while the macroparticulate (bulk) form of CuO was not toxic. In comparison, CuSO(4) was more toxic than either oxide form. Unlike Cu, all forms of Zn were toxic to soil bacteria, and the bulk-ZnO was more toxic than the nano-ZnO. The ZnSO(4) addition was not consistently more toxic than the oxide forms. Consistently, we found a tight link between the dissolved concentration of metal in solution and the inhibition of bacterial growth. The inconsistent toxicological response between soils could be explained by different resulting concentrations of metals in soil solution. Our findings suggested that the principal mechanism of toxicity was dissolution of metal oxides and sulphates into a metal ion form known to be highly toxic to bacteria, and not a direct effect of nano-sized particles acting on bacteria. We propose that integrated efforts toward directly assessing bioavailable metal concentrations are more valuable than spending resources to reassess ecotoxicology of ENPs separately from general metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Rousk
- Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Gwynedd, United Kingdom.
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