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Balakrishnan P, Sathish S, Saravanan S. HIV-Encoded Gene Therapy as Anti-cancer Therapeutics: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e53431. [PMID: 38435173 PMCID: PMC10909071 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been interest in using viruses as cancer treatments. Oncolytic virology was founded by scientists who noticed that viruses might preferentially lyse cancer cells over healthy ones. Oncolytic virotherapy has similar obstacles as other treatment approaches, gaining entry into the specific tumour cell, encountering antiviral immune responses, off-target infection and many other unfavourable circumstances in the tumour microenvironment, and a lack of unique therapeutic and predictive biomarkers. However, oncolytic viruses have emerged as the main players in the biological treatment for cancer with the use of vectors such as human adenoviruses in oncolytic virotherapy. Recent large-scale research has shown that other viruses, such as the measles virus and the herpes simplex virus (HSV), may potentially be viable options for cancer treatment. The FDA has cleared T-VEC, an HSV-based oncolytic virus, for use in biological cancer treatment after its successful completion of human clinical trials. Furthermore, the measles virus vaccine strain has shown remarkable outcomes in pre-clinical and clinical testing. The use of such modified viruses in biological cancer treatment holds promise for groundbreaking discoveries in the field of cancer research because of their therapeutic effectiveness, fewer side effects, and safety. Several other newer approaches have been used in recent years. HIV-encoded proteins are also hypothesized to promote mitochondrial homeostasis causing bystander-induced apoptosis. We provide an overview of the most recent developments in the clinical use of oncolytic virus-based biological cancer treatment in this study. This evaluation also assesses the advantages and disadvantages of the viral candidates and provides insight into their potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachamuthu Balakrishnan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sankar Sathish
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Shanmugam Saravanan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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2
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Çaldaş A, Börçek Kasurka C, Ertürk Ö. Effects of wasp ( Vespa crabro) nest extracts on virus replication of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus on Spodoptera frugiperda cell culture. Cytotechnology 2024; 76:123-137. [PMID: 38304627 PMCID: PMC10828140 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-023-00603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The antiviral properties of the extracts of Vespa crabro nests collected from the Black Sea, Turkey have been investigated on Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) cell cultures of Autographa californica multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV). The effect of nests on cell viability and cytotoxicity analysis and the antiviral assay was studied, and the cytopathic effects of the virus were detected. The nest's viral content was identified. The impact of nest extracts on the protein synthesis of the virus was investigated. Also interaction with pUC18 plasmid DNA was investigated, to analyse the protective effects of the Vespa crabro nest extract againist to hydroxyl radical-mediated DNA damage. 50 µg/ml concentration of ethanol, acetone, and petroleum ether extracts of the nests reduced the cytopathic effects of baculovirus on Sf cells. The extracts delayed infection above 25 µg/ml concentration. When the effects of nest extracts on virus titer were evaluated; the 50 µg/ml concentration of the acetone extract of the nest showed the highest effect (75%) reducing the virus titer. 25 µg/ml concentration of the ethanol extract of the nest showed the lowest effect (33.33%) with a reduction. The presence of polyhedrin protein was observed at 25 µg/ml concentrations of acetone and petroleum ether extracts. When the potential of the nest extracts to repair DNA damage, the nest extracts were found to have a concentration-dependent repair feature in different applications. As a result of bioactive component analysis, (Z) 9-Tricosane and (cis)-2-nonadecene (1.65%) were found to have the highest % areas. In other respects, 1H-Purine-6-amine, 2-dodecanol and hexadecanoic acid compaunds were Additionally, 1H-Purine-6-amine, 2-dodecanol and hexadecanoic acid compounds, which are associated with antiviral activity, also determined in the biocomponent analysis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-023-00603-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alev Çaldaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art&Science, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
| | - Ceren Börçek Kasurka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art&Science, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
| | - Ömer Ertürk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art&Science, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
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3
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Benning FMC, Jenni S, Garcia CY, Nguyen TH, Zhang X, Chao LH. Helical reconstruction of VP39 reveals principles for baculovirus nucleocapsid assembly. Nat Commun 2024; 15:250. [PMID: 38177118 PMCID: PMC10767040 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are insect-infecting pathogens with wide applications as biological pesticides, in vitro protein production vehicles and gene therapy tools. Its cylindrical nucleocapsid, which encapsulates and protects the circular double-stranded viral DNA encoding proteins for viral replication and entry, is formed by the highly conserved major capsid protein VP39. The mechanism for VP39 assembly remains unknown. We use electron cryomicroscopy to determine a 3.2 Å helical reconstruction of an infectious nucleocapsid of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, revealing how dimers of VP39 assemble into a 14-stranded helical tube. We show that VP39 comprises a distinct protein fold conserved across baculoviruses, which includes a Zinc finger domain and a stabilizing intra-dimer sling. Analysis of sample polymorphism shows that VP39 assembles in several closely-related helical geometries. This VP39 reconstruction reveals general principles for baculoviral nucleocapsid assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike M C Benning
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Simon Jenni
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Coby Y Garcia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Tran H Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Luke H Chao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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4
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Motta LF, Cerrudo CS, Belaich MN. A Comprehensive Study of MicroRNA in Baculoviruses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:603. [PMID: 38203774 PMCID: PMC10778818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are viral pathogens that infect different species of Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera, with a global distribution. Due to their biological characteristics and the biotechnological applications derived from these entities, the Baculoviridae family is an important subject of study and manipulation in the natural sciences. With the advent of RNA interference mechanisms, the presence of baculoviral genes that do not code for proteins but instead generate transcripts similar to microRNAs (miRNAs) has been described. These miRNAs are functionally associated with the regulation of gene expression, both in viral and host sequences. This article provides a comprehensive review of miRNA biogenesis, function, and characterization in general, with a specific focus on those identified in baculoviruses. Furthermore, it delves into the specific roles of baculoviral miRNAs in regulating viral and host genes and presents structural and thermodynamic stability studies that are useful for detecting shared characteristics with predictive utility. This review aims to expand our understanding of the baculoviral miRNAome, contributing to improvements in the production of baculovirus-based biopesticides, management of resistance phenomena in pests, enhancement of recombinant protein production systems, and development of diverse and improved BacMam vectors to meet biomedical demands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Susana Cerrudo
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular—Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular—Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
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5
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Tamrazov R, Ilyasova T, Shumadalova A, Du W, Yang B. Methods of miRNA delivery and possibilities of their application in neuro-oncology. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:661-674. [PMID: 37860265 PMCID: PMC10582311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current phase of medical progress, practical neuro-oncology faces critical challenges. These include the quest for and development of innovative methodological approaches, as well as the enhancement of conventional therapies to boost their efficacy in treating brain tumors, especially the malignant varieties. Recent strides in molecular and cellular biology, molecular genetics, and immunology have charted the primary research pathways in the development of new anti-cancer medications, with a particular focus on microRNA (miRNA)-based therapy. MiRNAs possess the ability to function as suppressors of tumor growth while also having the potential to act as oncogenes. MiRNAs wield control over numerous processes within the human body, encompassing tumor growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune responses. A significant impediment to enhancing the efficacy of brain tumor treatment lies in the unresolved challenge of traversing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB) to deliver therapeutic agents directly to the tumor tissue. Presently, there is a worldwide effort to conduct intricate research and design endeavors aimed at creating miRNA-based dosage forms and delivery systems that can effectively target various structures within the central nervous system (CNS). MiRNA-based therapy stands out as one of the most promising domains in neuro-oncology. Hence, the development of efficient and safe methods for delivering miRNA agents to the specific target cells within brain tumors is of paramount importance. In this study, we will delve into recent findings regarding various methods for delivering miRNA agents to brain tumor cells. We will explore the advantages and disadvantages of different delivery systems and consider some clinical aspects of miRNA-based therapy for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Rasim Tamrazov
- Department of Oncology, Radiology and Radiotherapy, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
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6
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Wang N, Wang Z, Ma M, Jia X, Liu H, Qian M, Lu S, Xiang Y, Wei Z, Zheng L. Expression of codon-optimized PDCoV-RBD protein in baculovirus expression system and immunogenicity evaluation in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126113. [PMID: 37541479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a global epidemic enteropathogenic coronavirus that mainly infects piglets, and causes huge losses to the pig industry. However, there are still no commercial vaccines available for PDCoV prevention and controlment. Receptor-binding domain (RBD) is located at the S1 subunit of PDCoV and is the major target for developing viral inhibitor and vaccine. In this study, the characteristics of the RBD were analyzed by bioinformatic tools, and codon optimization was performed to efficiently express the PDCoV-RBD protein in the insect baculovirus expression system. The purified PDCoV-RBD protein was obtained and fully emulsified with CPG2395 adjuvant, aqueous adjuvant and Al(OH)3 adjuvant, respectively, to develop vaccines. The humoral and cellular immune responses were assessed on mice. The results showed that both the RBD/CPG2395 and RBD/aqueous adjuvant could induce stronger immune responses in mice than that of RBD/Al(OH)3. In addition, the PDCoV challenge infection was conducted and the RBD/CPG2395 could provide better protection against PDCoV in mice. Our study showed that the RBD protein has good antigenicity and can be used as a protective antigen, which provided a basis for the development of the PDCoV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianxiang Wang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zi Wang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengyao Ma
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xinhao Jia
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hang Liu
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengwei Qian
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuqiang Xiang
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhanyong Wei
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Lanlan Zheng
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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7
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Benning FMC, Jenni S, Garcia CY, Nguyen TH, Zhang X, Chao LH. Helical reconstruction of VP39 reveals principles for baculovirus nucleocapsid assembly. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.15.545104. [PMID: 37398449 PMCID: PMC10312762 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.15.545104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Baculoviruses are insect-infecting pathogens with wide applications as biological pesticides, in vitro protein production vehicles and gene therapy tools. Its cylindrical nucleocapsid, which encapsulates and protects the circular double-stranded viral DNA encoding proteins for viral replication and entry, is formed by the highly conserved major capsid protein VP39. The mechanism for VP39 assembly remains unknown. We determined a 3.2 Å electron cryomicroscopy helical reconstruction of an infectious nucleocapsid of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, revealing how dimers of VP39 assemble into a 14-stranded helical tube. We show that VP39 comprises a unique protein fold conserved across baculoviruses, which includes a Zinc finger domain and a stabilizing intra-dimer sling. Analysis of sample polymorphism revealed that VP39 assembles in several closely-related helical geometries. This VP39 reconstruction reveals general principles for baculoviral nucleocapsid assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike M. C. Benning
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Jenni
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Coby Y. Garcia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tran H. Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xuewu Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Luke H. Chao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Kudome N, Ito A, Ota A, Kobayashi M, Ikeda M, Hamajima R. The DEAD/H-box helicase DHX9 contributes to suppression of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus propagation in B. mori cells. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104897. [PMID: 37516328 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Antiviral immune responses are mainly triggered through the recognition of virus-derived nucleic acids by host-specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Here, we identified and characterized homologs of human PRRs for virus-derived DNA in Bombyx mori upon infection with a nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), a member of the family Baculoviridae. We found that progeny virus production of B. mori NPV was promoted in B. mori cells silenced with B. mori homolog of DEAD/H box polypeptide 9 gene (Bm-DHX9), but not in cells silenced with the other examined genes. Silencing of Bm-DHX9 expression has no effect on apoptosis induction, one of the major antiviral responses in B. mori cells. We also showed that Bm-DHX9 has the ability to bind DNA containing unmethylated C-phosphate-G-motif, which are characteristic of microbial pathogens and contained in the NPV genome with high frequency. Our findings suggest that Bm-DHX9 has the potential for sensing NPV-derived DNA to induce antiviral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Kudome
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Aika Ito
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ota
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Motoko Ikeda
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Rina Hamajima
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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9
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Sun Z, Huang J, Fishelson Z, Wang C, Zhang S. Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Based Delivery of Macromolecular Drugs: Development, Strategies, and Progress. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1971. [PMID: 37509610 PMCID: PMC10377493 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), developed for more than 30 years, are still being extensively studied due to their excellent delivery performance. Compared with other delivery vehicles, CPPs hold promise for delivering different types of drugs. Here, we review the development process of CPPs and summarize the composition and classification of the CPP-based delivery systems, cellular uptake mechanisms, influencing factors, and biological barriers. We also summarize the optimization routes of CPP-based macromolecular drug delivery from stability and targeting perspectives. Strategies for enhanced endosomal escape, which prolong its half-life in blood, improved targeting efficiency and stimuli-responsive design are comprehensively summarized for CPP-based macromolecule delivery. Finally, after concluding the clinical trials of CPP-based drug delivery systems, we extracted the necessary conditions for a successful CPP-based delivery system. This review provides the latest framework for the CPP-based delivery of macromolecular drugs and summarizes the optimized strategies to improve delivery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zvi Fishelson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sihe Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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10
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Cerrudo CS, Motta LF, Cuccovia Warlet FU, Lassalle FM, Simonin JA, Belaich MN. Protein-Gene Orthology in Baculoviridae: An Exhaustive Analysis to Redefine the Ancestrally Common Coding Sequences. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051091. [PMID: 37243176 DOI: 10.3390/v15051091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are entomopathogens that carry large, double-stranded circular DNA genomes and infect insect larvae of Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera, with applications in the biological control of agricultural pests, in the production of recombinant proteins and as viral vectors for various purposes in mammals. These viruses have a variable genetic composition that differs between species, with some sequences shared by all known members, and others that are lineage-specific or unique to isolates. Based on the analysis of nearly 300 sequenced genomes, a thorough bioinformatic investigation was conducted on all the baculoviral protein coding sequences, characterizing their orthology and phylogeny. This analysis confirmed the 38 protein coding sequences currently considered as core genes, while also identifying novel coding sequences as candidates to join this set. Accordingly, homology was found among all the major occlusion body proteins, thus proposing that the polyhedrin, granulin and CUN085 genes be considered as the 39th core gene of Baculoviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Susana Cerrudo
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Federico Motta
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Uriel Cuccovia Warlet
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Maku Lassalle
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Alejandro Simonin
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos (LIGBCM-AVI), Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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11
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Li X, Le Y, Zhang Z, Nian X, Liu B, Yang X. Viral Vector-Based Gene Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097736. [PMID: 37175441 PMCID: PMC10177981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is a technique involving the modification of an individual's genes for treating a particular disease. The key to effective gene therapy is an efficient carrier delivery system. Viral vectors that have been artificially modified to lose their pathogenicity are used widely as a delivery system, with the key advantages of their natural high transduction efficiency and stable expression. With decades of development, viral vector-based gene therapies have achieved promising clinical outcomes. Currently, the three key vector strategies are based on adeno-associated viruses, adenoviruses, and lentiviruses. However, certain challenges, such as immunotoxicity and "off-target", continue to exist. In the present review, the above three viral vectors are discussed along with their respective therapeutic applications. In addition, the major translational challenges encountered in viral vector-based gene therapies are summarized, and the possible strategies to address these challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Yang Le
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Zhegang Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Xuanxuan Nian
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Bo Liu
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
- China National Biotech Group Company Limited, Beijing 100029, China
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12
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Nakazato Y, Otaki JM. Protein Delivery to Insect Epithelial Cells In Vivo: Potential Application to Functional Molecular Analysis of Proteins in Butterfly Wing Development. BIOTECH 2023; 12:biotech12020028. [PMID: 37092472 PMCID: PMC10123617 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein delivery to cells in vivo has great potential for the functional analysis of proteins in nonmodel organisms. In this study, using the butterfly wing system, we investigated a method of protein delivery to insect epithelial cells that allows for easy access, treatment, and observation in real time in vivo. Topical and systemic applications (called the sandwich and injection methods, respectively) were tested. In both methods, green/orange fluorescent proteins (GFP/OFP) were naturally incorporated into intracellular vesicles and occasionally into the cytosol from the apical surface without any delivery reagent. However, the antibodies were not delivered by the sandwich method at all, and were delivered only into vesicles by the injection method. A membrane-lytic peptide, L17E, appeared to slightly improve the delivery of GFP/OFP and antibodies. A novel peptide reagent, ProteoCarry, successfully promoted the delivery of both GFP/OFP and antibodies into the cytosol via both the sandwich and injection methods. These protein delivery results will provide opportunities for the functional molecular analysis of proteins in butterfly wing development, and may offer a new way to deliver proteins into target cells in vivo in nonmodel organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Nakazato
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
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13
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Garcia Fallit M, Pidre ML, Asad AS, Peña Agudelo JA, Vera MB, Nicola Candia AJ, Sagripanti SB, Pérez Kuper M, Amorós Morales LC, Marchesini A, Gonzalez N, Caruso CM, Romanowski V, Seilicovich A, Videla-Richardson GA, Zanetti FA, Candolfi M. Evaluation of Baculoviruses as Gene Therapy Vectors for Brain Cancer. Viruses 2023; 15:608. [PMID: 36992317 PMCID: PMC10051617 DOI: 10.3390/v15030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the potential of baculoviral vectors (BV) for brain cancer gene therapy. We compared them with adenoviral vectors (AdV), which are used in neuro-oncology, but for which there is pre-existing immunity. We constructed BVs and AdVs encoding fluorescent reporter proteins and evaluated their transduction efficiency in glioma cells and astrocytes. Naïve and glioma-bearing mice were intracranially injected with BVs to assess transduction and neuropathology. Transgene expression was also assessed in the brain of BV-preimmunized mice. While the expression of BVs was weaker than AdVs in murine and human glioma cell lines, BV-mediated transgene expression in patient-derived glioma cells was similar to AdV-mediated transduction and showed strong correlation with clathrin expression, a protein that interacts with the baculovirus glycoprotein GP64, mediating BV endocytosis. BVs efficiently transduced normal and neoplastic astrocytes in vivo, without apparent neurotoxicity. BV-mediated transgene expression was stable for at least 21 days in the brain of naïve mice, but it was significantly reduced after 7 days in mice systemically preimmunized with BVs. Our findings indicate that BVs efficiently transduce glioma cells and astrocytes without apparent neurotoxicity. Since humans do not present pre-existing immunity against BVs, these vectors may constitute a valuable tool for the delivery of therapeutic genes into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Garcia Fallit
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428BFA, Argentina
| | - Matías L. Pidre
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Antonela S. Asad
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Jorge A. Peña Agudelo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Mariana B. Vera
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Sofia B. Sagripanti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Melanie Pérez Kuper
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Leslie C. Amorós Morales
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Abril Marchesini
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Nazareno Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Carla M. Caruso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Víctor Romanowski
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Adriana Seilicovich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Guillermo A. Videla-Richardson
- Fundación Para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia (FLENI), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Flavia A. Zanetti
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología ‘‘Dr. Cesar Milstein”, CONICET, Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
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14
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Baculovirus Display of Peptides and Proteins for Medical Applications. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020411. [PMID: 36851625 PMCID: PMC9962271 DOI: 10.3390/v15020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviridae is a large family of arthropod-infective viruses. Recombinant baculoviruses have many applications, the best known is as a system for large scale protein production in combination with insect cell cultures. More recently recombinant baculoviruses have been utilized for the display of proteins of interest with applications in medicine. In the present review we analyze the different strategies for the display of proteins and peptides on the surface of recombinant baculoviruses and provide some examples of the different proteins displayed. We analyze briefly the commercially available systems for recombinant baculovirus production and display and discuss the future of this emerging and powerful technology.
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15
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Hayat U, Siddiqui AA, Farhan ML, Haris A, Hameed N. Genome Editing and Fatty Liver. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:191-206. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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16
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Karagyaur M, Primak A, Efimenko A, Skryabina M, Tkachuk V. The Power of Gene Technologies: 1001 Ways to Create a Cell Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203235. [PMID: 36291103 PMCID: PMC9599997 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern society faces many biomedical challenges that require urgent solutions. Two of the most important include the elucidation of mechanisms of socially significant diseases and the development of prospective drug treatments for these diseases. Experimental cell models are a convenient tool for addressing many of these problems. The power of cell models is further enhanced when combined with gene technologies, which allows the examination of even more subtle changes within the structure of the genome and permits testing of proteins in a native environment. The list and possibilities of these recently emerging technologies are truly colossal, which requires a rethink of a number of approaches for obtaining experimental cell models. In this review, we analyze the possibilities and limitations of promising gene technologies for obtaining cell models, and also give recommendations on the development and creation of relevant models. In our opinion, this review will be useful for novice cell biologists, as it provides some reference points in the rapidly growing universe of gene and cell technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Karagyaur
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra Primak
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya Skryabina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Demirci S, Essawi K, Germino-Watnick P, Liu X, Hakami W, Tisdale JF. Advances in CRISPR Delivery Methods: Perspectives and Challenges. CRISPR J 2022; 5:660-676. [PMID: 36260301 PMCID: PMC9835311 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2022.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of new genome editing technologies and the emphasis placed on their optimization, the genetic and phenotypic correction of a plethora of diseases sit on the horizon. Ideally, genome editing approaches would provide long-term solutions through permanent disease correction instead of simply treating patients symptomatically. Although various editing machinery options exist, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas (CRISPR-associated protein) editing technique has emerged as the most popular due to its high editing efficiency, simplicity, and affordability. However, while CRISPR technology is gradually being perfected, optimization is futile without accessible, effective, and safe delivery to the desired cell or tissue. Therefore, it is important that scientists simultaneously focus on inventing and improving delivery modalities for editing machinery as well. In this review, we will discuss the critical details of viral and nonviral delivery systems, including payload, immunogenicity, efficacy in delivery, clinical application, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selami Demirci
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Address correspondence to: Selami Demirci, Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA,
| | - Khaled Essawi
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paula Germino-Watnick
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiong Liu
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hakami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - John F. Tisdale
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Address correspondence to: John F. Tisdale, Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA,
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18
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Advances in Biomaterial-Mediated Gene Therapy for Articular Cartilage Repair. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100502. [PMID: 36290470 PMCID: PMC9598732 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage defects caused by various reasons are relatively common in clinical practice, but the lack of efficient therapeutic methods remains a substantial challenge due to limitations in the chondrocytes’ repair abilities. In the search for scientific cartilage repair methods, gene therapy appears to be more effective and promising, especially with acellular biomaterial-assisted procedures. Biomaterial-mediated gene therapy has mainly been divided into non-viral vector and viral vector strategies, where the controlled delivery of gene vectors is contained using biocompatible materials. This review will introduce the common clinical methods of cartilage repair used, the strategies of gene therapy for cartilage injuries, and the latest progress.
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19
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Identification and characterization of coiled-coil motifs across Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus genome. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10588. [PMID: 36132175 PMCID: PMC9483598 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Coiled coils (CCs) are protein structural motifs universally found in proteins and mediate a plethora of biological interactions, and thus their reliable annotation is crucial for studies of protein structure and function. Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus and encodes 154 proteins. In this study, genome-wide scans of previously uncharacterized CC motifs throughout AcMNPV was conducted using CC prediction software. In total, 24 CC motifs in 19 CC proteins with high confidence were identified. The characteristic of viral CC motifs were analyzed. The CC proteins could be divided into 12 viral structural proteins and 7 non-structural proteins, including viral membrane fusion proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors. Moreover, CC motifs are conserved in the baculoviral orthologs of 14 of the 19 proteins. It is noted that five CC proteins, including Ac51, Ac66, Exon0, Ac13, and GP16, were previously identified to function in the nuclear egress of nucleocapsids, and Ac66 contains multiple CC motifs, the longest of which comprises 252 amino acids, suggesting a role of CC motifs in this process. Taken together, the CC motifs identified in this study are valuable resource for studying protein function and protein interaction networks during virus replication.
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20
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Appraisal for the Potential of Viral and Nonviral Vectors in Gene Therapy: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081370. [PMID: 36011281 PMCID: PMC9407213 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, gene therapy has gained immense importance in medical research as a promising treatment strategy for diseases such as cancer, AIDS, Alzheimer’s disease, and many genetic disorders. When a gene needs to be delivered to a target cell inside the human body, it has to pass a large number of barriers through the extracellular and intracellular environment. This is why the delivery of naked genes and nucleic acids is highly unfavorable, and gene delivery requires suitable vectors that can carry the gene cargo to the target site and protect it from biological degradation. To date, medical research has come up with two types of gene delivery vectors, which are viral and nonviral vectors. The ability of viruses to protect transgenes from biological degradation and their capability to efficiently cross cellular barriers have allowed gene therapy research to develop new approaches utilizing viruses and their different genomes as vectors for gene delivery. Although viral vectors are very efficient, science has also come up with numerous nonviral systems based on cationic lipids, cationic polymers, and inorganic particles that provide sustainable gene expression without triggering unwanted inflammatory and immune reactions, and that are considered nontoxic. In this review, we discuss in detail the latest data available on all viral and nonviral vectors used in gene delivery. The mechanisms of viral and nonviral vector-based gene delivery are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of all types of vectors are also given.
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21
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Azali MA, Mohamed S, Harun A, Hussain FA, Shamsuddin S, Johan MF. Application of Baculovirus Expression Vector system (BEV) for COVID-19 diagnostics and therapeutics: a review. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:98. [PMID: 35792966 PMCID: PMC9259773 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The baculovirus expression vector system has been developed for expressing a wide range of proteins, including enzymes, glycoproteins, recombinant viruses, and vaccines. The availability of the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence has enabled the synthesis of SARS-CoV2 proteins in a baculovirus-insect cell platform for various applications. The most cloned SARS-CoV-2 protein is the spike protein, which plays a critical role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is available in its whole length or as subunits like S1 or the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Non-structural proteins (Nsps), another recombinant SARS-CoV-2 protein generated by the baculovirus expression vector system (BEV), are used in the identification of new medications or the repurposing of existing therapies for the treatment of COVID-19. Non-SARS-CoV-2 proteins generated by BEV for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis or treatment include moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase (MMLVRT), angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), therapeutic proteins, and recombinant antibodies. The recombinant proteins were modified to boost the yield or to stabilize the protein. CONCLUSION This review covers the wide application of the recombinant protein produced using the baculovirus expression technology for COVID-19 research. A lot of improvements have been made to produce functional proteins with high yields. However, there is still room for improvement and there are parts of this field of research that have not been investigated yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azharuddin Azali
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Salmah Mohamed
- School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Azian Harun
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Faezahtul Arbaeyah Hussain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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22
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Li J, Xu M, Sun J, Li J, Chen J, Chen Q, Chen J. Rapid titration of recombinant baculoviruses based on NanoLuc secretion in early infection. J Virol Methods 2022; 307:114565. [PMID: 35728698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system has become a powerful tool for recombinant protein production and gene delivery. However, existing titration methods for baculovirus are not economical in terms of test time and cost. A titration method based on NanoLuc secretion that allows for titration of recombinant baculoviruses at 4 h post infection (hpi) is described. In the assay, the envelop protein GP64 signal peptide-guided NanoLuc was secreted into the culture medium in proportion to the virus amount during early infection under combined control by the homologous region 5 (hr5) enhancer and the promoter of immediate early gene 1 (ie1) plus L21. Two timepoint standard curves of luciferase activity to virus titers of 5-9 logs were established with excellent linearity and correlation coefficients (slope = 1.050, R2 ≥ 0.9969) using a secretory Nanoluc (secrNluc) - inserted standard baculovirus. Through the assay, the titers of three recombinant viruses prepared independently were calculated by directly measuring luciferase activity in the supernatant at 4 and 6 hpi, with greater accuracy compared to the endpoint dilution assay. These results show the efficacy of this proposed method as a streamlined assay for rapidly titrating recombinant baculoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jige Li
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Institute of Molecular Enzymology and School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianqing Chen
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Biopharmacy, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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23
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BacMam Expressing Highly Glycosylated Porcine Interferon Alpha Induces Robust Antiviral and Adjuvant Effects against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Pigs. J Virol 2022; 96:e0052822. [PMID: 35604219 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00528-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute contagious disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals and has severe global economic consequences. FMD is most commonly controlled by vaccination. Currently available commercial FMD vaccines contain chemically inactivated whole viruses, which are thought to be slow acting as they are effective only 4 to 7 days following vaccination. Hence, the development of a novel rapid vaccine or alternative measures, such as antiviral agents or the combination of vaccines and antiviral agents for prompt FMD virus (FMDV) outbreak containment, is desirable. Here, we constructed a recombinant baculovirus (BacMam) expressing consensus porcine interferon alpha (IFN-α) that has three additional N-glycosylation sites driven by a cytomegalovirus immediate early (CMV-IE) promoter (Bac-Con3N IFN-α) for protein expression in mammalian cells. Bac-Con3N IFN-α expressing highly glycosylated porcine IFN-α protein increased the duration of antiviral effects. We evaluated the antiviral effects of Bac-Con3N IFN-α in swine cells and mice and observed sustained antiviral effects in pig serum; additionally, Bac-Con3N IFN-α exhibited sustained antiviral effects in vivo as well as adjuvant effects in combination with an inactivated FMD vaccine. Pigs injected with a combination of Bac-Con3N IFN-α and the inactivated FMD vaccine were protected against FMDV at 1, 3, and 7 days postvaccination. Furthermore, we observed that in combination with the inactivated FMD vaccine, Bac-Con3N IFN-α increased neutralizing antibody levels in mice and pigs. Therefore, we suggest that Bac-Con3N IFN-α is a strong potential antiviral and adjuvant candidate for use in combination with inactivated FMD vaccines to protect pigs against FMDV. IMPORTANCE Early inhibition of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) replication in pigs is highly desirable as FMDV transmission and shedding rates are higher in pigs than in cattle. However, commercial FMD vaccines require at least 4 to 7 days postvaccination (dpv) for protection, and animals are vulnerable to heterologous viruses before acquiring high antibody levels after the second vaccination. Therefore, the development of antiviral agents for use in combination with FMD vaccines is essential. We developed a novel antiviral and immunostimulant, Bac-Con3N IFN-α, which is a modified porcine IFN-α-expressing recombinant baculovirus, to improve IFN stability and allow its direct delivery to animals. We present a promising candidate for use in combination with inactivated FMD vaccines as pigs applied to the strategy had early protection against FMDV at 1 to 7 dpv, and their neutralizing antibody levels were higher than those in pigs administered the vaccine only.
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Lu B, Tang Q, Wang Q, Liu X, Peng H, Zhu B, Xie L, Li Z, Wang H, Zheng Z, Wang L, Li B. Recovery Infectious Enterovirus 71 by Bac-to-Bac Expression System in vitro and in vivo. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:825111. [PMID: 35356523 PMCID: PMC8959925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.825111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the most important etiological agents for hand–foot–mouth disease. Compared with coxsackievirus A16 infection, EV71 infection is often associated with severe central nervous system complications, such as encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, and acute flaccid paralysis in infants and young children. In this study, we constructed a recombinant baculovirus with T7 ribonucleic acid polymerase under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter and simultaneously engineered the T7 promoter upstream of a full-length EV71 complementary deoxyribonucleic acid. After transduction into mammalian cells, typical cytopathic effects (CPEs) and VP1 signals were detected in cells transfected with recombinant baculovirus. Additionally, viral particles located in the cytoplasm of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (Rd) and Vero cells were observed by electron microscope, indicating that EV71 was recovered using a Bac-to-Bac expression system in vitro. After four passages, the rescued virus had a growth curve and plaque morphology similar to those of the parental virus. Furthermore, the Vp1 gene and the protein from the mouse brain were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry after intracerebral injection of purified recombinant baculovirus. Typical CPEs were observed after inoculation of the supernatant from mouse brain to Rd cells, revealing a reconstruction of EV71 in vivo. Thus, we established a new approach to rescue EV71 based on a baculovirus expression system in vitro and in vivo, which may provide a safe and convenient platform for fundamental research and a strategy to rescue viruses that currently lack suitable cell culture and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojing Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
- Baojing Lu,
| | - Qi Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuejuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Tuberculosis Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenhua Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Linding Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Linding Wang,
| | - Bao Li
- The Comprehensive Lab, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Bao Li,
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Kord E, Roohvand F, Dubuisson J, Vausselin T, Nasr Azadani H, Keshavarz A, Nejati A, Samimi-Rad K. BacMam virus-based surface display for HCV E2 glycoprotein induces strong cross-neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses in vaccinated mice. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:69. [PMID: 34922563 PMCID: PMC8684228 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite recent advancements, limitations in the treatment and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection reprioritized the studies for invention of an efficient HCV vaccine to elicit strong neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and cellular responses. Methods Herein, we report molecular construction of a BacMam virus-based surface display for a subtype-1a HCV gpE2 (Bac-CMV-E2-gp64; Bac) that both expressed and displayed gpE2 in mammalian cells and bacouloviral envelope, respectively. Results Assessments by western blotting, Immunofluorescence and Immunogold-electron microscopy indicated the proper expression and incorporation in insect cell and baculovirus envelope, respectively. Mice immunized in three different prime-boost immunization groups of: Bac/Bac, Bac/Pro (bacoulovirus-derived gpE2) and Bac/DNA (plasmid DNA (pCDNA)-encoding gpE2) developed high levels of IgG and IFN-γ (highest for Bac/Bac group) indicating the induction of both humeral and cellular immune responses. Calculation of the IgG2a/IgG1 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios indicated a Th1 polarization of immune responses in the Bac/Bac and Bac/DNA groups but a balanced Th1-Th2 phenotype in the Bac/Pro group. Sera of the mice in the Bac/Bac group provided the highest percentage of cross-NAbs against a subtype-2a HCVcc (JFH1) compared to Bac/Pro and Bac/DNA groups (62% versus 41% and 6%). Conclusions Results indicated that BacMam virus-based surface display for gpE2 might act as both subunit and DNA vaccine and offers a promising strategy for development of HCV vaccine for concurrent induction of strong humoral and cellular immune responses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13027-021-00407-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Kord
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, P.O. Box 1417613151, Tehran, Iran.,Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Farzin Roohvand
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran (IPI), No. 69, Pasteur Ave, P.O. Box 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Batiment, IBL, CS50477, Molecular & Cellular Virology, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, University Lille, 59021, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Thibaut Vausselin
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Batiment, IBL, CS50477, Molecular & Cellular Virology, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, University Lille, 59021, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Hosein Nasr Azadani
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, P.O. Box 1417613151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Keshavarz
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, P.O. Box 1417613151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nejati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, P.O. Box 1417613151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Samimi-Rad
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, P.O. Box 1417613151, Tehran, Iran.
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Baculovirus Vectors Induce the Production of Interferons in Swine: Their Potential in the Development of Antiviral Strategies. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8110278. [PMID: 34822651 PMCID: PMC8617851 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The huge variety of viruses affecting swine represents a global threat. Since vaccines against highly contagious viruses last several days to induce protective immune responses, antiviral strategies for rapid control of outbreak situations are needed. The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), an insect virus, has been demonstrated to be an effective vaccine vector for mammals. Besides the ability to display or transduce heterologous antigens, it also induces strong innate immune responses and provides IFN-mediated protection against lethal challenges with viruses like foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in mice. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of AcMNPV to induce IFN production and elicit antiviral activity in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our results demonstrated that AcMNPV induced an IFN-α-mediated antiviral activity in PBMCs in vitro. Moreover, the inoculation of AcMNPV in piglets led to the production of type I and II IFNs in sera from inoculated animals and antiviral activities against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and FMDV measured by in vitro assays. Finally, it was demonstrated that the pseudotyping of AcMNPV with VSV-G protein, but not the enrichment of the AcMNPV genome with specific immunostimulatory CpG motifs for the porcine TLR9, improved the ability to induce IFN-α production in PBMCs in vitro. Together, these results suggest that AcMNPV is a promising tool for the induction of IFNs in antiviral strategies, with the potential to be biotechnologically improved.
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Targovnik AM, Simonin JA, Mc Callum GJ, Smith I, Cuccovia Warlet FU, Nugnes MV, Miranda MV, Belaich MN. Solutions against emerging infectious and noninfectious human diseases through the application of baculovirus technologies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8195-8226. [PMID: 34618205 PMCID: PMC8495437 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Baculoviruses are insect pathogens widely used as biotechnological tools in different fields of life sciences and technologies. The particular biology of these entities (biosafety viruses 1; large circular double-stranded DNA genomes, infective per se; generally of narrow host range on insect larvae; many of the latter being pests in agriculture) and the availability of molecular-biology procedures (e.g., genetic engineering to edit their genomes) and cellular resources (availability of cell lines that grow under in vitro culture conditions) have enabled the application of baculoviruses as active ingredients in pest control, as systems for the expression of recombinant proteins (Baculovirus Expression Vector Systems—BEVS) and as viral vectors for gene delivery in mammals or to display antigenic proteins (Baculoviruses applied on mammals—BacMam). Accordingly, BEVS and BacMam technologies have been introduced in academia because of their availability as commercial systems and ease of use and have also reached the human pharmaceutical industry, as incomparable tools in the development of biological products such as diagnostic kits, vaccines, protein therapies, and—though still in the conceptual stage involving animal models—gene therapies. Among all the baculovirus species, the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus has been the most highly exploited in the above utilities for the human-biotechnology field. This review highlights the main achievements (in their different stages of development) of the use of BEVS and BacMam technologies for the generation of products for infectious and noninfectious human diseases. Key points • Baculoviruses can assist as biotechnological tools in human health problems. • Vaccines and diagnosis reagents produced in the baculovirus platform are described. • The use of recombinant baculovirus for gene therapy–based treatment is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Marisa Targovnik
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina.
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jorge Alejandro Simonin
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gregorio Juan Mc Callum
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Smith
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Uriel Cuccovia Warlet
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Nugnes
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Miranda
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Construction and Characterization of a Novel Bacmid AcBac-Syn Based on a Synthesized Baculovirus Genome. Virol Sin 2021; 36:1566-1574. [PMID: 34569015 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-021-00449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are large DNA viruses which have been widely used as expression vectors and biological insecticides. Homologous recombination and Bac-to-Bac system have been the main methods for manipulating the baculovirus genome. Recently, we generated a synthetic baculovirus AcMNPV-WIV-Syn1 which fully resembled its parental virus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Here, we report the modification of AcMNPV-WIV-Syn1 into a novel bacmid, AcBac-Syn, which can be used as a backbone for Bac-to-Bac system. To achieve this, a vector contained a LacZ:attTn7 and egfp cassette was constructed, and recombined with a linearized AcMNPV-WIV-Syn1 genome by transformation-associated recombination in yeast to generate bacmid AcBac-Syn. The bacmid was then transfected to insect cells and the rescued virus showed similar biological characteristics to the wild-type virus in terms of the kinetics of budded virus production, the morphology of occlusion bodies, and the oral infectivity in insect larvae. For demonstration, a red fluorescent protein gene Dsred was transposed into the attTn7 site by conventional Bac-to-Bac method, and the transfection and infection assays showed that AcBac-Syn can be readily used for foreign gene insertion and expression. AcBac-Syn has several advantages over the conventional AcMNPV bacmids, such as it contains an egfp reporter gene which facilitates visualization of virus propagation and titration; its DNA copy numbers could be induced to a higher level in E. coli; and the retaining of the native polyhedrin gene in the genome making it an attractive system for studying the functions of gene related to occlusion body assembly and oral infection.
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Aubets E, Chillon M, Ciudad CJ, Noé V. PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen Hairpins Work as RNA Species for Gene Silencing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10025. [PMID: 34576188 PMCID: PMC8466063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen Hairpins (PPRHs) are gene-silencing DNA-oligonucleotides developed in our laboratory that are formed by two antiparallel polypurine mirror repeat domains bound intramolecularly by Hoogsteen bonds. The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of using viral vectors to deliver PPRHs as a gene therapy tool. After treatment with synthetic RNA, plasmid transfection, or viral infection targeting the survivin gene, viability was determined by the MTT assay, mRNA was determined by RT-qPCR, and protein levels were determined by Western blot. We showed that the RNA-PPRH induced a decrease in cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and an increase in apoptosis in PC-3 and HeLa cells. Both synthetic RNA-PPRH and RNA-PPRH intracellularly generated upon the transfection of a plasmid vector were able to reduce survivin mRNA and protein levels in PC-3 cells. An adenovirus type-5 vector encoding the PPRH against survivin was also able to decrease survivin mRNA and protein levels, leading to a reduction in HeLa cell viability. In this work, we demonstrated that PPRHs can also work as RNA species, either chemically synthesized, transcribed from a plasmid construct, or transcribed from viral vectors. Therefore, all these results are the proof of principle that viral vectors could be considered as a delivery system for PPRHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Aubets
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.A.); (C.J.C.)
| | - Miguel Chillon
- ICREA, Institute of Neurosciences at UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos J. Ciudad
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.A.); (C.J.C.)
| | - Véronique Noé
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.A.); (C.J.C.)
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Niu Z, Zhang W, Shi J, Li X, Wu H. Effect of silencing C-erbB-2 on esophageal carcinoma cell biological behaviors by inhibiting IGF-1 pathway activation. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:194. [PMID: 34233689 PMCID: PMC8265138 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C-erbB-2 has been confirmed to be an oncogene that participates in cell growth, differentiation and division of tumors. We are wondered if its silenced expression can exert an anti-tumor effect. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the mechanism of C-erbB-2 silencing and IGF-1 pathway on esophageal carcinoma (EC) cell biological behaviors. METHODS The objects of study were 84 EC patients from Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, with the collection of EC tissue and adjacent normal tissue (> 5 cm away from cancer tissue). C-erbB-2 protein expression in EC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Human EC cell line Eca-109 was purchased from Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Based on different transfection protocols, EC cells with logarithmic growth phase of 3-5 passages were divided into blank control group, oe-C-erbB-2 NC group, siRNA C-erbB-2 NC group, oe-C-erbB-2 group, siRNA C-erbB-2 group, OSI-906 group, Rg5 group, Rg5 + siRNA C-erbB-2 NC group and Rg5 + siRNA C-erbB-2 group. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay; cell cycle distribution and apoptosis by flow cytometry; C-erbB-2, IGF-1, IGF-1R and Akt mRNA and protein expressions by qRT-PCR and western blot; and cell invasion and migration by Transwell assay and scratch test. Tumor growth was observed in male BALB/c nude mice (Shanghai Experimental Animal Center) based on Eca109 cell implantation, raising, and measurement. RESULTS C-erbB-2, IGF-1, IGF-1R and Akt expression were higher in EC tissues than those in adjacent tissues (all P < 0.05). Compared with blank control group, both si-C-erbB-2 and OSI-906 groups had decreased IGF-1, IGF-1R and Akt mRNA and protein expressions, decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion, prolonged G0/G1 phase, shortened S phase, increased cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth (all P < 0.05); while opposite trends were detected in C-erbB-2 vector and Rg5 groups (all P < 0.05), without statistical differences in siRNA C-erbB-2 + Rg5 group (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Silencing C-erbB-2 expression may inhibit EC cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis and block cell cycle progression by inhibiting IGF-1 pathway activation. The beneficial effect of silencing C-erbB-2 expression can be reversed by promoting the activation of IGF-1 pathway. Findings in our study may provide potential reference for understanding the molecular mechanism of EC and supply possible axis for preventing the development of EC from the perspective of molecular biology.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Gene Silencing/physiology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1
- Transfection
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Niu
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Jialun Shi
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Hanlei Wu
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
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NISES-AnPe-428 cell line derived from the Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi is permissive for multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus species from insects of four different families. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:643-655. [PMID: 34349353 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell line NISES-AnPe-428 (AnPe), derived from the Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi, was characterized for its permissiveness and productivity for six different nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) species. These NPVs included homologous Antheraea pernyi NPV (AnpeNPV) and heterologous Autographa californica multiple NPV (AcMNPV), Bombyx mori NPV (BmNPV), Hyphantria cunea MNPV (HycuMNPV), Spodoptera exigua MNPV (SeMNPV), and Lymantria dispar MNPV (LdMNPV), representing viruses that had been isolated from insect species belonging to five different families (Saturniidae, Noctuidae, Bombycidae, Arctiidae, and Lymantriidae). We found that AnPe cells supported productive replication of AnpeNPV, AcMNPV, BmNPV, HycuMNPV, and SeMNPV to varying degrees. Upon infection with SeMNPV, a subset of AnPe cell population in the culture underwent apoptosis, while remaining cells produced limited amounts of progeny virions and polyhedra. AnPe cells were refractory to LdMNPV infection and failed to support replication of viral DNA, indicating that viral replication was restricted at or prior to the step of viral DNA replication. These results indicated that AnPe cells have the potential to provide excellent systems for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular permissiveness for NPV replication and host-range determination of NPVs.
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Jiang Z, Li N, Zhu D, Ren L, Shao Q, Yu K, Yang G. Genetically modified cell sheets in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120908. [PMID: 34119885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genetically modified cell sheet technology is emerging as a promising biomedical tool to deliver therapeutic genes for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Virus-based gene transfection and non-viral gene transfection have been used to fabricate genetically modified cell sheets. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown various beneficial effects of genetically modified cell sheets in the regeneration of bone, periodontal tissue, cartilage and nerves, as well as the amelioration of dental implant osseointegration, myocardial infarction, skeletal muscle ischemia and kidney injury. Furthermore, this technology provides a potential treatment option for various hereditary diseases. However, the method has several limitations, such as safety concerns and difficulties in controlling transgene expression. Therefore, recent studies explored efficient and safe gene transfection methods, prolonged and controllable transgene expression and their potential application in personalized and precision medicine. This review summarizes various types of genetically modified cell sheets, preparation procedures, therapeutic applications and possible improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Na Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lingfei Ren
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Qin Shao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Ke Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
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Parsza CN, Gómez DLM, Simonin JA, Belaich MN, Ghiringhelli PD. Evaluation of the Nucleopolyhedrovirus of Anticarsia gemmatalis as a Vector for Gene Therapy in Mammals. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:177-189. [PMID: 33334288 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220999201217155945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baculoviruses are insect pathogens with important biotechnological applications that transcend their use as biological controllers of agricultural pests. One species, Autographa californica multiple nucleopolhyedrovirus (AcMNPV), has been extensively exploited as a molecular platform to produce recombinant proteins and as a delivery vector for genes in mammals because it can transduce a wide range of mammalian cells and tissues without replicating or producing progeny. METHOD To investigate if the budded virions of Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolhyedrovirus (AgMNPV) species has the same ability, the viral genome was modified by homologous recombination into susceptible insect cells to integrate reporter genes and then it was evaluated on mammalian cell lines in a comparative form with respect to equivalent viruses derived from AcMNPV. Besides, the replicative capacity of AgMNPV´s virions in mammals was determined. RESULTS The experiments carried out showed that the recombinant variant of AgMNPV transduces and support the expression of delivered genes but not replicates in mammalian cells. CONCLUSION Consequently, this insect pathogen is proposed as an alternative to non-infectious viruses in humans to explore new approaches in gene therapy and other applications based on the use of mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia N Parsza
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L M Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge A Simonin
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo D Ghiringhelli
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Induction of Robust and Specific Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses by Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Virus-Like Particles (BVDV-VLPs) Engineered with Baculovirus Expression Vector System. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040350. [PMID: 33917272 PMCID: PMC8067437 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important animal pathogen that affects cattle. Infections caused by the virus have resulted in substantial economic losses and outbreaks of BVDV are reported globally. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine technology largely due to their safety and strong ability to elicit robust immune responses. In this study, we developed a strategy to generate BVDV-VLPs using a baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). We were able to assemble BVDV-VLPs composed of dimerized viral proteins E2 and Erns, and the VLPs were spherical particles with the diameters of about 50 nm. Mice immunized with 15 μg of VLPs adjuvanted with ISA201 elicited higher levels of E2-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies as well as higher BVDV-neutralizing activity in comparison with controls. Re-stimulation of the splenocytes collected from mice immunized with VLPs led to significantly increased levels of CD3+CD4+T cells and CD3+CD8+T cells. In addition, the splenocytes showed dramatically enhanced proliferation and the secretion of Th1-associated IFN-γ and Th2-associated IL-4 compared to that of the unstimulated control group. Taken together, our data indicate that BVDV-VLPs efficiently induced BVDV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, showing a promising potential of developing BVDV-VLP-based vaccines for the prevention of BVDV infections.
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Koponen S, Kokki E, Kinnunen K, Ylä-Herttuala S. Viral-Vector-Delivered Anti-Angiogenic Therapies to the Eye. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020219. [PMID: 33562561 PMCID: PMC7915489 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological vessel growth harms vision and may finally lead to vision loss. Anti-angiogenic gene therapy with viral vectors for ocular neovascularization has shown great promise in preclinical studies. Most of the studies have been conducted with different adeno-associated serotype vectors. In addition, adeno- and lentivirus vectors have been used. Therapy has been targeted towards blocking vascular endothelial growth factors or other pro-angiogenic factors. Clinical trials of intraocular gene therapy for neovascularization have shown the treatment to be safe without severe adverse events or systemic effects. Nevertheless, clinical studies have not proceeded further than Phase 2 trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Koponen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Emmi Kokki
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Kati Kinnunen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (S.K.); (E.K.)
- Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +358-403-552-075
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Kim U, Kim N, Shin HY. Modeling Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Using "Good-Fit" Genome-Editing Tools. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122572. [PMID: 33271878 PMCID: PMC7760008 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which affects both adults and children, is the most common liver disorder worldwide. NAFLD is characterized by excess fat accumulation in the liver in the absence of significant alcohol use. NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, as well as specific genetic polymorphisms. Severe NAFLD cases can further progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or cardiovascular complications. Here, we describe the pathophysiological features and critical genetic variants associated with NAFLD. Recent advances in genome-engineering technology have provided a new opportunity to generate in vitro and in vivo models that reflect the genetic abnormalities of NAFLD. We review the currently developed NAFLD models generated using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing. We further discuss unique features of CRISPR/Cas9 and Cas9 variants, including base editors and prime editor, that are useful for replicating genetic features specific to NAFLD. We also compare advantages and limitations of currently available methods for delivering genome-editing tools necessary for optimal genome editing. This review should provide helpful guidance for selecting “good fit” genome-editing tools and appropriate gene-delivery methods for the successful development of NAFLD models and clinical therapeutics.
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Shin HY, Choi H, Kim N, Park N, Kim H, Kim J, Kim YB. Unraveling the Genome-Wide Impact of Recombinant Baculovirus Infection in Mammalian Cells for Gene Delivery. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111306. [PMID: 33158084 PMCID: PMC7694231 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus expression systems have been widely used to produce recombinant mammalian proteins owing to the lack of viral replication in vertebrates. Although several lines of evidence have demonstrated impacts of baculovirus infection in mammalian hosts, genome-wide effects have not been fully elucidated. Here, we provide comparative transcriptome profiles of baculovirus and host-immune response genes in recombinant baculovirus-infected mammalian and insect cells. Specifically, to decipher the impacts of baculovirus infection in mammalian cells, we conducted total RNA-seq on human 293TT cells and insect Sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculovirus. We found that baculovirus genes were rarely expressed under the control of baculoviral promoters in 293TT cells. Although some baculovirus early genes, such as PE38 and IE-01, showed limited expression in 293TT cells, baculoviral late genes were mostly silent. We also found modest induction of a small number of mammalian immune response genes associated with Toll-like receptors, cytokine signaling, and complement in baculovirus-infected 293TT cells. These comprehensive transcriptome data will contribute to improving recombinant baculovirus as tools for gene delivery, gene therapy, and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Youn Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.Y.S.); (N.K.); (N.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Hanul Choi
- Department of Bio-Industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.Y.S.); (N.K.); (N.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Nayoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.Y.S.); (N.K.); (N.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Heesun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.Y.S.); (N.K.); (N.P.); (H.K.)
| | - Jaebum Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.Y.S.); (N.K.); (N.P.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (Y.B.K.); Tel.: +82-2-450-0456 (J.K.); +82-2-450-4208 (Y.B.K.)
| | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Bio-Industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (Y.B.K.); Tel.: +82-2-450-0456 (J.K.); +82-2-450-4208 (Y.B.K.)
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Amalfi S, Molina GN, Bevacqua RJ, López MG, Taboga O, Alfonso V. Baculovirus Transduction in Mammalian Cells Is Affected by the Production of Type I and III Interferons, Which Is Mediated Mainly by the cGAS-STING Pathway. J Virol 2020; 94:e01555-20. [PMID: 32796076 PMCID: PMC7565641 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01555-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus is an insect virus with a circular double-stranded DNA genome, which, among other multiple biotechnological applications, is used as an expression vector for gene delivery in mammalian cells. Nevertheless, the nonspecific immune response triggered by viral vectors often suppresses transgene expression. To understand the mechanisms involved in that response, in the present study, we studied the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway by using two approaches: the genetic edition through CRISPR/Cas9 technology of genes encoding STING or cGAS in NIH/3T3 murine fibroblasts and the infection of HEK293 and HEK293 T human epithelial cells, deficient in cGAS and in cGAS and STING expression, respectively. Overall, our results suggest the existence of two different pathways involved in the establishment of the antiviral response, both dependent on STING expression. Particularly, the cGAS-STING pathway resulted in the more relevant production of beta interferon (IFN-β) and IFN-λ1 in response to baculovirus infection. In human epithelial cells, IFN-λ1 production was also induced in a cGAS-independent and DNA-protein kinase (DNA-PK)-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that these cellular responses toward baculovirus infection affect the efficiency of transduction of baculovirus vectors.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses are nonpathogenic viruses that infect mammals, which, among other applications, are used as vehicles for gene delivery. Here, we demonstrated that the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS recognizes baculoviral DNA and that the cGAS-STING axis is primarily responsible for the attenuation of transduction in human and mouse cell lines through type I and type III IFNs. Furthermore, we identified DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) as a cGAS-independent and alternative DNA cytosolic sensor that contributes less to the antiviral state in baculovirus infection in human epithelial cells than cGAS. Knowledge of the pathways involved in the response of mammalian cells to baculovirus infection will improve the use of this vector as a tool for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Amalfi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Guido Nicolás Molina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Romina Jimena Bevacqua
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires/INPA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Seung Kim Lab, Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - María Gabriela López
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Oscar Taboga
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Victoria Alfonso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
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Luo D, Miao Y, Ke X, Tan Z, Hu C, Li P, Wang T, Zhang Y, Sun J, Liu Y, Wang H, Zheng Z. Baculovirus Surface Display of Zika Virus Envelope Protein Protects against Virus Challenge in Mouse Model. Virol Sin 2020; 35:637-650. [PMID: 32472451 PMCID: PMC7256182 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is emerging as a significant pathogen worldwide and may cause severe neurological disorders such as fetal microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome. No drug or listed vaccines are currently available for preventing ZIKV infection. As a major target of neutralizing, ZIKV envelop (E) protein usually used for vaccine development. Nevertheless, the immunogenicity of ZIKV envelop (E) protein expressed by baculovirus display system has never been assessed. In this study, we reported a new strategy for surface display of ZIKV E protein by a recombinant baculovirus vector derived from Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) and assessed its immunogenicity in mice. We produced recombinant fusion ZIKV E protein linked with signal peptide (SP) and transmembrane domain (TM) of AcMNPV GP64. The results showed that the recombinant protein was easy to produce by baculovirus display system. BALB/c mice immunized with this recombinant E protein developed ZIKV specific serum antibodies. The anti-E protein sera from the mice were able to effectively neutralize ZIKV in vitro. More importantly, AG6 (IFN-α/β and IFN-γ receptor deficient) mice immunized with recombinant E protein were protected against lethal ZIKV challenge. Together, these findings demonstrated that the recombinant E protein displayed by baculovirus can be conveniently prepared and displayed good immunogenicity in immunized mice. It is a promising practical approach for prompting the development of vaccine and related immunology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuanjiu Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xianliang Ke
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhongyuan Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Computer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Penghui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jianhong Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhenhua Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Zhang Y, Enden G, Wei W, Zhou F, Chen J, Merchuk JC. Baculovirus transit through insect cell membranes: A mechanistic approach. Chem Eng Sci 2020; 223:115727. [PMID: 32362678 PMCID: PMC7195021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel mechanistic model of the early stages of viral infection. Excellent fit to experimental evidence. The maximum number of virions that Sf9 cells can carry: 55 viruses/cell, is reported. Cells that carry virions on their surface, in their interior, or both are distinguished. Analytical mathematical solution renders satisfactory results.
Baculovirus systems are used for various purposes, but the kinetics of the infection process is not fully understood yet. We investigated the dynamics of virion movement from a medium toward the interior of insect cells and established a mechanistic model that shows an excellent fit to experimental results. It also makes possible a description of the viral dynamics on the cell surface. A novel measurement method was used to distinguish between infected cells that carry virions on their surfaces, cells that carry virions in their interior, and those carrying virions both inside and on their surface. The maximum number of virions carried by a cell: 55 viruses/cell, and the time required for viral internalization, 0.8h, are reported. This information is particularly useful for assessing the infection efficacy and the required number of virions needed to infect a given cell population. Although our model specifically concerns the infection process of Sf9 insect cells by baculovirus, it describes general features of viral infection. Some of the model features may eventually be applicable in the studies towards palliation of the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhong Zhang
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, LiuFang Campus, Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205 China.,Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, LiuFang Campus, Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205 China
| | - Giora Enden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University (Xiang'an), Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, LiuFang Campus, Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205 China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, LiuFang Campus, Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205 China
| | - Jose C Merchuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Wang J, Kong D, Zhu L, Wang S, Sun X. Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modified Hybrid Baculovirus-Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors Targeting 131I Therapy of Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma. Hum Gene Ther 2020; 31:1300-1311. [PMID: 32940055 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the most aggressive subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Although significant progress has been made in surgical techniques, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis is still poor. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted substantial attention as tumor-targeted cellular carriers for cancer gene therapy. We have previously shown that recombinant baculovirus-adeno-associated vectors (BV-AAV) possessed high efficiency for multi-gene coexpression in human bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) and BV-AAV-engineered BMSCs could effectively target hypopharyngeal cancer tissues in vivo. However, it was not clear whether BV-AAV-engineered BMSCs as cellular vehicles, mediating the expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), would be effective in controlling the growth of hypopharyngeal carcinoma by radioiodine therapy. We constructed a hybrid BV-AAV containing the Luc-P2A-eGFP fusion or NIS sequence to modify BMSCs (BMSCs-Bac-Luc-P2A-eGFP or BMSCs-Bac-NIS). The 125I uptake of BMSCs-Bac-NIS was analyzed by an automatic gamma counter in vitro and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) imaging in vivo. The value of radioiodine therapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma was evaluated by measuring tumor volume, glucose metabolism (via 2-deoxy-2-[18F] glucose [18F-FDG] positron emission tomography/CT), and proliferation of tumor cells. We demonstrated that 125I uptake of BMSCs-Bac-NIS persists over long-term in vitro (at least 8 h). Radioactive uptake could be detected by SPECT/CT 1 h after 125I injection in the BMSCs-Bac-NIS group, showing that this strategy allows for the tracking of real-time migration and transgene expression of BMSCs. Radioiodine therapy resulted in a significant reduction in tumor growth (386.93 ± 249.23 mm3 vs 816.56 ± 213.87 mm3 in controls), increased survival, and decreased SUVmax of 18F-FDG. The hybrid BV-AAV that can provide a variety of genes and regulatory elements, as a novel gene therapy strategy opens the prospect of NIS-mediated radionuclide therapy of hypopharyngeal carcinoma after MSC-mediated gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Departments of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dedi Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shili Wang
- Departments of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingmei Sun
- Departments of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yu L, Pan J, Cao G, Jiang M, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Liang Z, Zhang X, Hu X, Xue R, Gong C. AIV polyantigen epitope expressed by recombinant baculovirus induces a systemic immune response in chicken and mouse models. Virol J 2020; 17:121. [PMID: 32758272 PMCID: PMC7403573 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective efficacy of avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccines is unsatisfactory due to the presence of various serotypes generated by genetic reassortment. Thus, immunization with a polyantigen chimeric epitope vaccine may be an effective strategy for protecting poultry from infection with different AIV subtypes. METHODS Baculovirus has recently emerged as a novel and attractive gene delivery vehicle for animal cells. In the present study, a recombinant baculovirus BmNPV-CMV/THB-P10/CTLT containing a fused codon-optimized sequence (CTLT) of T lymphocyte epitopes from H1HA, H9HA, and H7HA AIV subtypes, and another fused codon-optimized sequence (THB) of Th and B cell epitopes from H1HA, H9HA, and H7HA AIV subtypes, driven by a baculovirus P10 promoter and cytomegalovirus CMV promoter, respectively, was constructed. RESULTS Western blotting and cellular immunofluorescence demonstrated that the CTLT (THB) can be expressed in rBac-CMV/THB-P10/CTLT-infected silkworm cells (mammalian HEK293T cells). Furthermore, the recombinant virus, rBac-CMV-THB-CTLT, was used to immunize both chickens and mice. CONCLUSIONS The results of an indirect ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and T lymphocyte proliferation assay indicated that specific humoral and cellular responses were detected in both chicken and mice. These results suggest that rBac-CMV/THB-P10/CTLT can be developed as a potential vaccine against different AIV subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jun Pan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengsheng Jiang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yunshan Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zi Liang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, No.199 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Increased expression of Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (BmSOCS2) is correlated with suppression of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus replication in silkworm larval tissues and cells. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 174:107419. [PMID: 32535001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The resistance of silkworm to infection by Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) is a main focus of sericultural research. Previously, a BmNPV-resistant strain, NB, was identified among a collection of Chinese silkworm strains in our lab. To better understand the molecular mechanism of NB strain resistance, the patterns of host immune response gene transcription in resistant (NB) and susceptible (306) strains were examined. Quantative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that multiple insect innate immune signaling pathways (Toll, Imd and JAK/STAT) were strongly activated upon infection with BmNPV. Notably, Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (BmSOCS2) mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in midgut tissues of the resistant NB strain, suggesting that the BmSOCS2 gene product may be involved in host immune defense against BmNPV infection. A significant inhibition of BmNPV replication was also observed in BmN cells transfected with a vector encoding BmSOCS2. The results suggest that BmSOCS2 is a key gene involved in the resistance of the NB silkworm strain to BmNPV infection.
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Moleirinho MG, Fernandes RP, Carvalho SB, Bezemer S, Detmers F, Hermans P, Silva RJ, Alves PM, Carrondo MJ, Peixoto C. Baculovirus affinity removal in viral-based bioprocesses. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Adachi A. Grand Challenge in Human/Animal Virology: Unseen, Smallest Replicative Entities Shape the Whole Globe. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:431. [PMID: 32256480 PMCID: PMC7093566 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akio Adachi
- Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.,Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Ji C, Li Y, Kittredge A, Hopiavuori A, Ward N, Yao P, Fukuda Y, Zhang Y, Tsang SH, Yang T. Investigation and Restoration of BEST1 Activity in Patient-derived RPEs with Dominant Mutations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19026. [PMID: 31836750 PMCID: PMC6910965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BEST1 is a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel predominantly expressed in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and over 250 genetic mutations in the BEST1 gene have been identified to cause retinal degenerative disorders generally known as bestrophinopathies. As most BEST1 mutations are autosomal dominant, it is of great biomedical interest to determine their disease-causing mechanisms and the therapeutic potential of gene therapy. Here, we characterized six Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD)-associated BEST1 dominant mutations by documenting the patients' phenotypes, examining the subcellular localization of endogenous BEST1 and surface Ca2+-dependent Cl- currents in patient-derived RPEs, and analyzing the functional influences of these mutations on BEST1 in HEK293 cells. We found that all six mutations are loss-of-function with different levels and types of deficiencies, and further demonstrated the restoration of Ca2+-dependent Cl- currents in patient-derived RPE cells by WT BEST1 gene supplementation. Importantly, BEST1 dominant and recessive mutations are both rescuable at a similar efficacy by gene augmentation via adeno-associated virus (AAV), providing a proof-of-concept for curing the vast majority of bestrophinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyi Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Alec Kittredge
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Austin Hopiavuori
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Nancy Ward
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14586, USA
| | - Yohta Fukuda
- Division of Advance Pharmaco-Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 1-6, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Stephen H Tsang
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, and Bernard & Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology & Cell Biology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Genome Analysis of a Novel Clade II.b Alphabaculovirus Obtained from Artaxa digramma. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100925. [PMID: 31601038 PMCID: PMC6832367 DOI: 10.3390/v11100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Artaxa digramma is a lepidopteran pest distributed throughout southern China, Myanmar, Indonesia, and India. Artaxa digramma nucleopolyhedrovirus (ArdiNPV) is a specific viral pathogen of A. digramma and deemed as a promising biocontrol agent against the pest. In this study, the complete genome sequence of ArdiNPV was determined by deep sequencing. The genome of ArdiNPV contains a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) of 161,734 bp in length and 39.1% G+C content. Further, 149 hypothetical open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted to encode proteins >50 amino acids in length, covering 83% of the whole genome. Among these ORFs, 38 were baculovirus core genes, 22 were lepidopteran baculovirus conserved genes, and seven were unique to ArdiNPV, respectively. No typical baculoviral homologous regions (hrs) were identified in the genome. ArdiNPV had five multi-copy genes including baculovirus repeated ORFs (bros), calcium/sodium antiporter B (chaB), DNA binding protein (dbp), inhibitor of apoptosis protein (iap), and p26. Interestingly, phylogenetic analyses showed that ArdiNPV belonged to Clade II.b of Group II Alphabaculoviruses, which all contain a second copy of dbp. The genome of ArdiNPV was the closest to Euproctis pseudoconspersa nucleopolyhedrovirus, with 57.4% whole-genome similarity. Therefore, these results suggest that ArdiNPV is a novel baculovirus belonging to a newly identified cluster of Clade II.b Alphabaculoviruses.
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The Major Hurdle for Effective Baculovirus Transduction into Mammalian Cells Is Passing Early Endosomes. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00709-19. [PMID: 31092570 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00709-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses, although they infect insects in nature, can transduce a wide variety of mammalian cells and are therefore promising gene therapy vectors. However, baculovirus transduction into many mammalian cells is very inefficient, and the limiting stages and factors remain unknown. An important finding is that a short-duration trigger with low pH can significantly enhance virus transduction efficiency, but the mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, we performed a detailed comparative study on entry mechanisms of the prototypical baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) into insect and mammalian cells. The results showed that AcMNPV could be internalized into mammalian cells efficiently, but fusion in early endosomes (EEs) appeared to be the major obstacle. Measurement of endosomal pH suggested that virus fusion might be restricted under relatively high-pH conditions in mammalian cells. Interestingly, mutations of the major viral fusion protein GP64 that conferred decreased fusogenicity did not affect virus infection of insect cells, whereas virus transduction into mammalian cells was severely impaired, suggesting a more stringent dependence on GP64 fusogenicity for AcMNPV entry into mammalian cells than into insect cells. An increase in the fusogenicity of GP64 mutants resulting from low pH triggered the rescue of fusion-deficient recombinant virus transduction efficiency. Based on the above-described findings, the pH of EEs was specifically reduced with a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, and the AcMNPV transduction of many mammalian cells indeed became highly efficient. This study not only revealed the roadblocks to mammalian cell entry of baculovirus but also provides a new strategy for improving baculovirus-based gene delivery and therapy.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses can transduce a wide variety of mammalian cells but do so with low efficiency, which greatly limits their practical application as potential gene delivery vectors. So far, the understanding of baculovirus entry into mammalian cells is obscure, and the limiting stages and factors are unclear. In this study, by comparatively analyzing the mechanisms of baculovirus entry into mammalian and insect cells, virus fusion during the early stage of endocytosis was revealed as the major obstacle for efficient baculovirus transduction into mammalian cells. A higher fusogenicity of the major viral fusion protein GP64 was found to be required for virus entry into mammalian cells than for entry into insect cells. Interestingly, by decreasing the pH of early endosomes with a specific agent, virus transduction of a wide range of mammalian cells was greatly enhanced. This study uncovers the roadblocks to mammalian cell entry of baculoviruses and presents mechanisms to overcome the roadblocks.
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Application of the Scorpion Neurotoxin AaIT against Insect Pests. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143467. [PMID: 31311095 PMCID: PMC6678123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Androctonus australis Hector insect toxin (AaIT), an insect-selective toxin, was identified in the venom of the scorpion Androctonus australis. The exclusive and specific target of the toxin is the voltage-gated sodium channels of the insect, resulting in fast excitatory paralysis and even death. Because of its strict toxic selectivity and high bioactivity, AaIT has been widely used in experiments exploring pest bio-control. Recombinant expression of AaIT in a baculovirus or a fungus can increase their virulence to insect pests and diseases vectors. Likewise, transgenic plants expressing AaIT have notable anti-insect activity. AaIT is an efficient toxin and has great potential to be used in the development of commercial insecticides.
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50
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Miele SAB, Cerrudo CS, Parsza CN, Nugnes MV, Mengual Gómez DL, Belaich MN, Ghiringhelli PD. Identification of Multiple Replication Stages and Origins in the Nucleopolyhedrovirus of Anticarsia gemmatalis. Viruses 2019; 11:E648. [PMID: 31311127 PMCID: PMC6669502 DOI: 10.3390/v11070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the mechanism of replication used by baculoviruses, it is essential to describe all the factors involved, including virus and host proteins and the sequences where DNA synthesis starts. A lot of work on this topic has been done, but there is still confusion in defining what sequence/s act in such functions, and the mechanism of replication is not very well understood. In this work, we performed an AgMNPV replication kinetics into the susceptible UFL-Ag-286 cells to estimate viral genome synthesis rates. We found that the viral DNA exponentially increases in two different phases that are temporally separated by an interval of 5 h, probably suggesting the occurrence of two different mechanisms of replication. Then, we prepared a plasmid library containing virus fragments (0.5-2 kbp), which were transfected and infected with AgMNPV in UFL-Ag-286 cells. We identified 12 virus fragments which acted as origins of replication (ORI). Those fragments are in close proximity to core genes. This association to the core genome would ensure vertical transmission of ORIs. We also predict the presence of common structures on those fragments that probably recruit the replication machinery, a structure also present in previously reported ORIs in baculoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange A B Miele
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Evolution and Maintenance of Circular Chromosomes, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Carolina S Cerrudo
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Cintia N Parsza
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Nugnes
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Diego L Mengual Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Mariano N Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina.
| | - P Daniel Ghiringhelli
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular-Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada (IMBA), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal B1876BXD, Argentina
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