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Pilesi E, Tesoriere G, Ferriero A, Mascolo E, Liguori F, Argirò L, Angioli C, Tramonti A, Contestabile R, Volontè C, Vernì F. Vitamin B6 deficiency cooperates with oncogenic Ras to induce malignant tumors in Drosophila. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:388. [PMID: 38830901 PMCID: PMC11148137 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin which possesses antioxidant properties. Its catalytically active form, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), is a crucial cofactor for DNA and amino acid metabolism. The inverse correlation between vitamin B6 and cancer risk has been observed in several studies, although dietary vitamin B6 intake sometimes failed to confirm this association. However, the molecular link between vitamin B6 and cancer remains elusive. Previous work has shown that vitamin B6 deficiency causes chromosome aberrations (CABs) in Drosophila and human cells, suggesting that genome instability may correlate the lack of this vitamin to cancer. Here we provide evidence in support of this hypothesis. Firstly, we show that PLP deficiency, induced by the PLP antagonists 4-deoxypyridoxine (4DP) or ginkgotoxin (GT), promoted tumorigenesis in eye larval discs transforming benign RasV12 tumors into aggressive forms. In contrast, PLP supplementation reduced the development of tumors. We also show that low PLP levels, induced by 4DP or by silencing the sgllPNPO gene involved in PLP biosynthesis, worsened the tumor phenotype in another Drosophila cancer model generated by concomitantly activating RasV12 and downregulating Discs-large (Dlg) gene. Moreover, we found that RasV12 eye discs from larvae reared on 4DP displayed CABs, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low catalytic activity of serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), a PLP-dependent enzyme involved in thymidylate (dTMP) biosynthesis, in turn required for DNA replication and repair. Feeding RasV12 4DP-fed larvae with PLP or ascorbic acid (AA) plus dTMP, rescued both CABs and tumors. The same effect was produced by overexpressing catalase in RasV12 DlgRNAi 4DP-fed larvae, thus allowing to establish a relationship between PLP deficiency, CABs, and cancer. Overall, our data provide the first in vivo demonstration that PLP deficiency can impact on cancer by increasing genome instability, which is in turn mediated by ROS and reduced dTMP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Pilesi
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Tesoriere
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Ferriero
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Mascolo
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Liguori
- Experimental Neuroscience and Neurological Disease Models, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- CNR, Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Argirò
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Angioli
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Tramonti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Contestabile
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Volontè
- Experimental Neuroscience and Neurological Disease Models, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143, Rome, Italy
- CNR, Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Wang C, Ma A, Li Y, McNutt ME, Zhang S, Zhu J, Hoyd R, Wheeler CE, Robinson LA, Chan CH, Zakharia Y, Dodd RD, Ulrich CM, Hardikar S, Churchman ML, Tarhini AA, Singer EA, Ikeguchi AP, McCarter MD, Denko N, Tinoco G, Husain M, Jin N, Osman AE, Eljilany I, Tan AC, Coleman SS, Denko L, Riedlinger G, Schneider BP, Spakowicz D, Ma Q. A Bioinformatics Tool for Identifying Intratumoral Microbes from the ORIEN Dataset. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:293-302. [PMID: 38259095 PMCID: PMC10840455 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Evidence supports significant interactions among microbes, immune cells, and tumor cells in at least 10%-20% of human cancers, emphasizing the importance of further investigating these complex relationships. However, the implications and significance of tumor-related microbes remain largely unknown. Studies have demonstrated the critical roles of host microbes in cancer prevention and treatment responses. Understanding interactions between host microbes and cancer can drive cancer diagnosis and microbial therapeutics (bugs as drugs). Computational identification of cancer-specific microbes and their associations is still challenging due to the high dimensionality and high sparsity of intratumoral microbiome data, which requires large datasets containing sufficient event observations to identify relationships, and the interactions within microbial communities, the heterogeneity in microbial composition, and other confounding effects that can lead to spurious associations. To solve these issues, we present a bioinformatics tool, microbial graph attention (MEGA), to identify the microbes most strongly associated with 12 cancer types. We demonstrate its utility on a dataset from a consortium of nine cancer centers in the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network. This package has three unique features: species-sample relations are represented in a heterogeneous graph and learned by a graph attention network; it incorporates metabolic and phylogenetic information to reflect intricate relationships within microbial communities; and it provides multiple functionalities for association interpretations and visualizations. We analyzed 2,704 tumor RNA sequencing samples and MEGA interpreted the tissue-resident microbial signatures of each of 12 cancer types. MEGA can effectively identify cancer-associated microbial signatures and refine their interactions with tumors. SIGNIFICANCE Studying the tumor microbiome in high-throughput sequencing data is challenging because of the extremely sparse data matrices, heterogeneity, and high likelihood of contamination. We present a new deep learning tool, MEGA, to refine the organisms that interact with tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cankun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Megan E. McNutt
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Caroline E. Wheeler
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lary A. Robinson
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Carlos H.F. Chan
- University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Division of Oncology, Hematology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Rebecca D. Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Cornelia M. Ulrich
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Ahmad A. Tarhini
- Departments of Cutaneous Oncology and Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Eric A. Singer
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alexandra P. Ikeguchi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Martin D. McCarter
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nicholas Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gabriel Tinoco
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marium Husain
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ning Jin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Afaf E.G. Osman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Islam Eljilany
- Clinical Science Lab – Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Departments of Oncological Science and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samuel S. Coleman
- Departments of Oncological Science and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Louis Denko
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gregory Riedlinger
- Department of Precision Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Bryan P. Schneider
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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3
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Zhu Y, Bao G, Zhu G, Zhang K, Zhu S, Hu J, He J, Jiang W, Fan J, Dang Y. Discovery and characterization of natural product luteolin as an effective inhibitor of human pyridoxal kinase. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107057. [PMID: 38150934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) is an essential enzyme in the synthesis of pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, which plays a pivotal role in maintaining the enzyme activity necessary for cell metabolism. Thus, PDXK has garnered attention as a potential target for metabolism regulation and tumor therapy. Despite this interest, existing PDXK inhibitors have faced limitations, including weak suppressive activity, unclear mechanisms of action, and associated toxic side effects. In this study, we present the discovery of a novel PDXK inhibitor, luteolin, through a high-throughput screening approach based on enzyme activity. Luteolin, a natural product, exhibits micromolar-level affinity for PDXK and effectively inhibits the enzyme's activity in vitro. Our crystal structures reveal that luteolin occupies the ATP binding pocket through hydrophobic interactions and a weak hydrogen bonding pattern, displaying reversible characteristics as confirmed by biochemical assays. Moreover, luteolin disrupts vitamin B6 metabolism by targeting PDXK, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of leukemia cells. This research introduces a novel screening method for identifying high-affinity and potent PDXK inhibitors and sheds light on clarification of the structural mechanism of PDXK-luteolin for subsequent structure optimization of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Zhu
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Guangsen Bao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gaolin Zhu
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Sanyong Zhu
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Junchi Hu
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jia He
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jianjun Fan
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Yongjun Dang
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China; College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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4
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Munteanu C, Schwartz B. B Vitamins, Glucoronolactone and the Immune System: Bioavailability, Doses and Efficiency. Nutrients 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 38201854 PMCID: PMC10780850 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present review deals with two main ingredients of energy/power drinks: B vitamins and glucuronolactone and their possible effect on the immune system. There is a strong relationship between the recommended daily dose of selected B vitamins and a functional immune system. Regarding specific B vitamins: (1) Riboflavin is necessary for the optimization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the fight against bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. (2) Niacin administered within normal doses to obese rats can change the phenotype of skeletal fibers, and thereby affect muscle metabolism. This metabolic phenotype induced by niacin treatment is also confirmed by stimulation of the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of free fatty acids (FFAs) and oxidative phosphorylation at this level. (3) Vitamin B5 effects depend primarily on the dose, thus large doses can cause diarrhea or functional disorders of the digestive tract whereas normal levels are effective in wound healing, liver detoxification, and joint health support. (4) High vitamin B6 concentrations (>2000 mg per day) have been shown to exert a significant negative impact on the dorsal root ganglia. Whereas, at doses of approximately 70 ng/mL, sensory symptoms were reported in 80% of cases. (5) Chronic increases in vitamin B12 have been associated with the increased incidence of solid cancers. Additionally, glucuronolactone, whose effects are not well known, represents a controversial compound. (6) Supplementing with D-glucarates, such as glucuronolactone, may help the body's natural defense system function better to inhibit different tumor promoters and carcinogens and their consequences. Cumulatively, the present review aims to evaluate the relationship between the selected B vitamins group, glucuronolactone, and the immune system and their associations to bioavailability, doses, and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Betty Schwartz
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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5
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Franco CN, Seabrook LJ, Nguyen ST, Yang Y, Campos M, Fan Q, Cicchetto AC, Kong M, Christofk HR, Albrecht LV. Vitamin B 6 is governed by the local compartmentalization of metabolic enzymes during growth. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi2232. [PMID: 37682999 PMCID: PMC10491294 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is a vital micronutrient across cell types and tissues, and dysregulated B6 levels contribute to human disease. Despite its importance, how B6 vitamer levels are regulated is not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that B6 dynamics are rapidly tuned by precise compartmentation of pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), the rate-limiting B6 enzyme. We show that canonical Wnt rapidly led to the accumulation of inactive B6 by shunting cytosolic PDXK into lysosomes. PDXK was modified with methyl-arginine Degron (MrDegron), a protein tag for lysosomes, which enabled delivery via microautophagy. Hyperactive lysosomes resulted in the continuous degradation of PDXK and B6 deficiency that promoted proliferation in Wnt-driven colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Pharmacological or genetic disruption of the coordinated MrDegron proteolytic pathway was sufficient to reduce CRC survival in cells and organoid models. In sum, this work contributes to the repertoire of micronutrient-regulated processes that enable cancer cell growth and provides insight into the functional impact of B6 deficiencies for survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina N. Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Laurence J. Seabrook
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Steven T. Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Campos
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Qi Fan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew C. Cicchetto
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Heather R. Christofk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lauren V. Albrecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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6
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Cai JA, Zhang YZ, Yu ED, Ding WQ, Jiang QW, Cai QC, Zhong L. Gut Microbiota Enterotypes Mediate the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Colorectal Neoplasm Risk in a Chinese Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:2940. [PMID: 37447266 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is influenced by dietary patterns and gut microbiota enterotypes. However, the interaction between these factors remains unclear. This study examines this relationship, hypothesizing that different diets may affect colorectal tumor risk in individuals with varied gut microbiota enterotypes. We conducted a case-control study involving 410 Han Chinese individuals, using exploratory structural equation modeling to identify two dietary patterns, and a Dirichlet multinomial mixture model to classify 250 colorectal neoplasm cases into three gut microbiota enterotypes. We assessed the association between dietary patterns and the risk of each tumor subtype using logistic regression analysis. We found that a healthy diet, rich in vegetables, fruits, milk, and yogurt, lowers CRC risk, particularly in individuals with type I (dominated by Bacteroides and Lachnoclostridium) and type II (dominated by Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium) gut microbiota enterotypes, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48-0.89) and 0.42 (95% CI = 0.29-0.62), respectively. Fruit consumption was the main contributor to this protective effect. No association was found between a healthy dietary pattern and colorectal adenoma risk or between a high-fat diet and colorectal neoplasm risk. Different CRC subtypes associated with gut microbiota enterotypes displayed unique microbial compositions and functions. Our study suggests that specific gut microbiota enterotypes can modulate the effects of diet on CRC risk, offering new perspectives on the relationship between diet, gut microbiota, and colorectal neoplasm risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-An Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 928 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Force, Haikou 570100, China
| | - En-Da Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qing-Wu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Quan-Cai Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Han B, Zhai Y, Li X, Zhao H, Sun C, Zeng Y, Zhang W, Lu J, Kai G. Total flavonoids of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg inhibits colorectal tumor growth by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites. Food Chem 2023; 410:135361. [PMID: 36610085 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a dietary supplement in southern China. The total flavonoids of T. hemsleyanum (THTF) can be used for gastrointestinal disease treatment. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study was designed to investigate the effect of THTF on CRC from gut microbiota and fecal metabolomics. THTF (120 mg/kg) oral gavage reduced tumor growth and protected intestinal function (p-p65/p65, ZO-1) in HCT116 xenografts. THTF increased probiotics Bifidobacteriales, Bifidobacteriaceae, Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and decreased "harmful" bacteria Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Bacteroidia, Rikenellaceae, Odoribacter, Alistipes richness. Furthermore, THTF restored abnormal fecal metabolite levels. It showed a strong correlation among gut microbiota, metabolites, and tumor weight. Finally, THTF promoted Bifidobacterium pseudolongum growth in vitro, whose cell-free supernatant further inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation and clonogenicity. Together, THTF delays CRC tumor growth by maintaining microbiota homeostasis, restoring fecal metabolites, and protecting intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yufei Zhai
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Chengtao Sun
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, College of Pharmaceutical Science, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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8
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Kim J, Lee J, Oh JH, Sohn DK, Shin A, Kim J, Chang HJ. Dietary methyl donor nutrients, DNA mismatch repair polymorphisms, and risk of colorectal cancer based on microsatellite instability status. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3051-3066. [PMID: 35353199 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease caused by complex interplay among the diet, the environment, and genetics involving numerous molecules and pathological pathways. This study aimed to determine whether methyl donor nutrients are associated with CRC and how these associations are altered by DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. METHODS In total, 626 cases and 838 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited for this case-control study. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess seven methyl donor nutrients (vitamin B2, niacin, B6, folate, B12, methionine, and choline). MMR polymorphisms were genotyped using an Illumina MEGA-Expanded Array. For the 626 patients, the microsatellite instability status and immunohistochemical expression of MMR proteins were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Among the methyl donor nutrients, B2, niacin, B6, folate, and methionine were inversely associated with CRC risk, while a high intake of choline increased CRC. Regarding MMR genes, three hMSH3 polymorphisms (rs32952 A > C, rs41097 A > G, and rs245404 C > G) reduced CRC risk. Regarding gene-diet interactions, a stronger interaction effect was observed in G allele carriers of hMSH3 rs41097 with high niacin intake than in AA carriers with low niacin intake (OR, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.33-0.72, P for interaction = 0.02) in subgroups of patients with distal colon cancer (P for interaction = 0.008) and MMR proficiency with microsatellite stability (P for interaction = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Methyl donor nutrients may affect CRC risk leading to a balance in the MMR machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimi Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jeonghee Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Dae Kyung Sohn
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, 03080, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, 03080, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Division of Precision Medicine, Research Institute, and Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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9
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Boot IWA, Wesselius A, Yu EYW, Brinkman M, van den Brandt P, Grant EJ, White E, Weiderpass E, Ferrari P, Schulze MB, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Jose-Sanchez M, Gylling B, Zeegers MP. Dietary B group vitamin intake and the bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2397-2416. [PMID: 35129646 PMCID: PMC9279207 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02805-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). The B group complex vitamins involve diverse biological functions that could be influential in cancer prevention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various components of the B group vitamin complex and BC risk. METHODS Dietary data were pooled from four cohort studies. Food item intake was converted to daily intakes of B group vitamins and pooled multivariate hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were obtained using Cox-regression models. Dose-response relationships were examined using a nonparametric test for trend. RESULTS In total, 2915 BC cases and 530,012 non-cases were included in the analyses. The present study showed an increased BC risk for moderate intake of vitamin B1 (HRB1: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.20). In men, moderate intake of the vitamins B1, B2, energy-related vitamins and high intake of vitamin B1 were associated with an increased BC risk (HR (95% CI): 1.13 (1.02-1.26), 1.14 (1.02-1.26), 1.13 (1.02-1.26; 1.13 (1.02-1.26), respectively). In women, high intake of all vitamins and vitamin combinations, except for the entire complex, showed an inverse association (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.67-0.97), 0.83 (0.70-1.00); 0.77 (0.63-0.93), 0.73 (0.61-0.88), 0.82 (0.68-0.99), 0.79 (0.66-0.95), 0.80 (0.66-0.96), 0.74 (0.62-0.89), 0.76 (0.63-0.92), respectively). Dose-response analyses showed an increased BC risk for higher intake of vitamin B1 and B12. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of future research on the food sources of B group vitamins in the context of the overall and sex-stratified diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris W A Boot
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.570), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Wesselius
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.570), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Evan Y W Yu
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.570), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maree Brinkman
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.570), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Studies and Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition Biomed Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Piet van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, Schools for Oncology and Developmental Biology and Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J Grant
- Department of Epidemiology Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Jose-Sanchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publia, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Bjorn Gylling
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.570), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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10
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Qureshi IA, Saini M, Are S. Pyridoxal Kinase of Disease-causing Human Parasites: Structural and
Functional Insights to Understand its Role in Drug Discovery. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2022; 23:271-289. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203723666220519155025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Human parasites cause several diseased conditions with high morbidity and mortality in a
large section of the population residing in various geographical areas. Nearly three billion people suffer
from either one or many parasitic infections globally, with almost one million deaths annually. In spite
of extensive research and advancement in the medical field, no effective vaccine is available against
prominent human parasitic diseases that necessitate identification of novel targets for designing specific
inhibitors. Vitamin B6 is an important ubiquitous co-enzyme that participates in several biological processes
and plays an important role in scavenging ROS (reactive oxygen species) along with providing
resistance to oxidative stress. Moreover, the absence of the de novo vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathway in
human parasites makes this pathway indispensable for the survival of these pathogens. Pyridoxal kinase
(PdxK) is a crucial enzyme for vitamin B6 salvage pathway and participates in the process of vitamers
B6 phosphorylation. Since the parasites are dependent on pyridoxal kinase for their survival and infectivity
to the respective hosts, it is considered a promising candidate for drug discovery. The detailed
structural analysis of PdxK from disease-causing parasites has provided insights into the catalytic
mechanism of this enzyme as well as significant differences from their human counterpart. Simultaneously,
structure-based studies have identified small lead molecules that can be exploited for drug discovery
against protozoan parasites. The present review provides structural and functional highlights of
pyridoxal kinase for its implication in developing novel and potent therapeutics to combat fatal parasitic
diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insaf Ahmed Qureshi
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao
Road, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Mayank Saini
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao
Road, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Sayanna Are
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao
Road, Hyderabad 500046, India
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11
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Metabolomic Profiling Identified Serum Metabolite Biomarkers and Related Metabolic Pathways of Colorectal Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:6858809. [PMID: 34917201 PMCID: PMC8670981 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6858809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The screening and early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) still remain a challenge due to the lack of reliable and effective serum biomarkers. Thus, this study is aimed at identifying serum biomarkers of CRC that could be used to distinguish CRC from healthy controls. Methods A prospective 1 : 2 individual matching case-control study was performed which included 50 healthy control subjects and 98 CRC patients. Untargeted metabolomic profiling was conducted with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify CRC-related metabolites and metabolic pathways. Results In total, 178 metabolites were detected, and an orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model was useful to distinguish CRC patients from healthy controls. Nine metabolites showed significantly differential serum levels in CRC patients under the conditions of variable importance in projection (VIP) > 1, p < 0.05 using Student's t-test, and fold change (FC) ≥ 1.2 or ≤0.5. The above nine metabolites were 3-hydroxybutyric acid, hexadecanedioic acid, succinic acid semialdehyde, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, prostaglandin B2, 2-pyrocatechuic acid, xanthoxylin, 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid, and formylanthranilic acid. Four potential biomarkers were identified to diagnose CRC through ROC curves: hexadecanedioic acid, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2-pyrocatechuic acid, and formylanthranilic acid. All AUC values of these four serum biomarkers were above 0.70. In addition, the exploratory analysis of metabolic pathways revealed the activated states for the vitamin B metabolic pathway and the alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolic pathways associated with CRC. Conclusion The 4 identified potential metabolic biomarkers could discriminate CRC patients from healthy controls, and the 2 metabolic pathways may be activated in the CRC tissues.
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12
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Deng X, Si J, Qu Y, Jie L, He Y, Wang C, Zhang Y. Vegetarian diet duration's influence on women's gut environment. GENES & NUTRITION 2021; 16:16. [PMID: 34600491 PMCID: PMC8487541 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-021-00697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrient composition of vegetarian diets is greatly different from that of omnivore diets, which may fundamentally influence the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. The interactions between diet pattern and gut environment need further illustration. This study aims to compare the difference in the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites between vegetarian and omnivore female adults and explore associations between dietary choices/duration and gut environment changes. METHODS In this study, investigations on the fecal metabolome together with the gut microbiome were performed to describe potential interactions with quantitative functional annotation. In order to eliminate the differences brought by factors of gender and living environment, 80 female adults aged 20 to 48 were recruited in the universities in Beijing, China. Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were applied to screen differential data between groups from gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. Furthermore, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was employed as the bioinformatics analysis tool for describing the correlations between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. Moreover, participants were further subdivided by the vegetarian diet duration for analysis. RESULTS GPCR-mediated integration of enteroendocrine signaling was predicted to be one of the regulatory mechanisms of the vegetarian diet. Intriguingly, changes in the gut environment which occurred along with the vegetarian diet showed attenuated trend as the duration increased. A similar trend of returning to "baseline" after a 10-year vegetarian diet was detected in both gut microbiota and fecal metabolome. CONCLUSIONS The vegetarian diet is beneficial more than harmful to women. Gut microbiota play roles in the ability of the human body to adapt to external changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Si
- Special Treatment Center, Wang Jing Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglong Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuansong He
- Sichuan Vocational College of Nursing, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuping Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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13
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Aguida B, Bouceba T, Créchet JB, Hounguè H, Capo-Chichi C, Nakayama JI, Baouz S, Pelczar H, Woisard A, Jourdan N, Hountondji C. In Vitro Analysis of Protein:Protein Interactions in the Human Cancer-Pertinent rp.eL42-p53-Mdm2 Pathway. Open Biochem J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01913010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
We have recently demonstrated that the eukaryote-specific large subunit ribosomal protein
(rp) eL42 assists catalysis of peptide bond formation at the peptidyl transferase center of 80S
ribosomes in eukaryotic cells. Recently, several ribosomal proteins were shown to have extraribosomal
functions independent of protein biosynthesis. Such functions include regulation of
apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, cell proliferation, neoplastic transformation, cell migration and
invasion, and tumorigenesis through both Mdm2-p53-dependent and p53-independent
mechanisms. Our objective is to demonstrate that overexpression of eL42 in tumor may
incapacitate cell anti-tumor mechanism through interaction with the tumor suppressor protein
p53 and its partner Mdm2.
Methods:
Co-immunoprecipitation technique and the binding assays on Biacore were used to
probe interactions between recombinant eL42, p53 and Mdm2 proteins in a so-called rp-p53-Mdm2 axis.
Results:
We demonstrate that the ribosomal protein eL42, the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the ubiquitin E3 ligase Mdm2 interact with each other in a ternary rp.eL42:p53:Mdm2 complex. Precisely, the interaction between eL42 and p53 is characterized by a strong binding affinity (KD value in the nanomolar range) that is likely to trigger the sequestration of p53 and the inhibition of its tumor suppressor activity. Furthermore, the p53:Mdm2 and eL42:Mdm2 complexes exhibit comparable binding affinities in the micromolar range compatible with Mdm2 being the enzyme which ubiquitinates both the p53 and eL42 substrates. Interestingly, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), one of the active forms of vitamin B6, binds to eL42 and significantly inhibits the interaction between eL42 and p53, in accordance with the observation that vitamin B6 is associated with reduced risk of cancer.
Conclusion:
Our study emphasized one more major mechanism of p53 downregulation involving its sequestration by eL42 upon the overexpression of this ribosomal protein. The mechanism described in the present report complemented the well-known p53 downregulation triggered by proteasomal degradation mediated through its ubiquitination by Mdm2.
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14
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Zeng JD, Wu WKK, Wang HY, Li XX. Serine and one-carbon metabolism, a bridge that links mTOR signaling and DNA methylation in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104352. [PMID: 31323332 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian / mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a critical sensor of environmental cues that regulates cellular macromolecule synthesis and metabolism in eukaryotes. DNA methylation is the most well-studied epigenetic modification that is capable of regulating gene transcription and affecting genome stability. Both dysregulation of mTOR signaling and DNA methylation patterns have been shown to be closely linked to tumor progression and serve as promising targets for cancer therapy. Although their respective roles in tumorigenesis have been extensively studied, whether molecular interplay exists between them is still largely unknown. In this review, we provide a brief overview of mTOR signaling, DNA methylation as well as related serine and one-carbon metabolism, one of the most critical aspects of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Based on the latest understanding regarding the regulation of metabolic processes by mTOR signaling as well as interaction between metabolism and epigenetics, we further discuss how serine and one-carbon metabolism may serve as a bridge that links mTOR signaling and DNA methylation to promote tumor growth. Elucidating their relationship may provide novel insight for cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Deng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Digestive diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiao-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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15
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Gylling B, Myte R, Ulvik A, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Schneede J, Hallmans G, Häggström J, Johansson I, Van Guelpen B, Palmqvist R. One-carbon metabolite ratios as functional B-vitamin markers and in relation to colorectal cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:947-956. [PMID: 29786139 PMCID: PMC6587534 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One‐carbon metabolism biomarkers are easily measured in plasma, but analyzing them one at a time in relation to disease does not take into account the interdependence of the many factors involved. The relative dynamics of major one‐carbon metabolism branches can be assessed by relating the functional B‐vitamin marker total homocysteine (tHcy) to transsulfuration (total cysteine) and methylation (creatinine) outputs. We validated the ratios of tHcy to total cysteine (Hcy:Cys), tHcy to creatinine (Hcy:Cre) and tHcy to cysteine to creatinine (Hcy:Cys:Cre) as functional markers of B‐vitamin status. We also calculated the associations of these ratios to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Furthermore, the relative contribution of potential confounders to the variance of the ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers was calculated by linear regression in a nested case–control study of 613 CRC cases and 1,190 matched controls. Total B‐vitamin status was represented by a summary score comprising Z‐standardized plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin, betaine, pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate and riboflavin. Associations with CRC risk were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We found that the ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers all outperformed tHcy as markers of total B‐vitamin status, in both CRC cases and controls. In addition, associations with CRC risk were similar for the ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers and total B‐vitamin status (approximately 25% lower risk for high vs. low B‐vitamin status). In conclusion, ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers were good predictors of total B‐vitamin status and displayed similar associations as total B‐vitamin status with CRC risk. Since tHcy and creatinine are routinely clinically analyzed, Hcy:Cre could be easily implemented in clinical practice. What's new? While total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are an important biomarker of B‐vitamin status and may be predictive for colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, they are influenced by a variety of factors, such as age, sex, and lifestyle. Here, tHcy was compared to ratio‐based biomarkers of total B‐vitamin status to assess functionality and relation to CRC risk. In CRC patients and controls, the ratio‐based markers outperformed tHcy as indicators of total B‐vitamin status. Their association with CRC risk was similar to that of total B‐vitamin status. Ratio‐based biomarkers could fill a valuable role in assessments of functional B‐vitamin levels and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Gylling
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robin Myte
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Arve Ulvik
- Bevital AS, Laboratory building, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jörn Schneede
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny Häggström
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business and Economics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Richard Palmqvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28643618 PMCID: PMC5654571 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rice bran (RB) consumption has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in mice and modify the human stool microbiome. Changes in host and microbial metabolism induced by RB consumption was hypothesised to modulate the stool metabolite profile in favour of promoting gut health and inhibiting CRC growth. The objective was to integrate gut microbial metabolite profiles and identify metabolic pathway networks for CRC chemoprevention using non-targeted metabolomics. In all, nineteen CRC survivors participated in a parallel randomised controlled dietary intervention trial that included daily consumption of study-provided foods with heat-stabilised RB (30 g/d) or no additional ingredient (control). Stool samples were collected at baseline and 4 weeks and analysed using GC-MS and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS. Stool metabolomics revealed 93 significantly different metabolites in individuals consuming RB. A 264-fold increase in β-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine and 18-fold increase in β-hydroxyisovalerate exemplified changes in leucine, isoleucine and valine metabolism in the RB group. A total of thirty-nine stool metabolites were significantly different between RB and control groups, including increased hesperidin (28-fold) and narirutin (14-fold). Metabolic pathways impacted in the RB group over time included advanced glycation end products, steroids and bile acids. Fatty acid, leucine/valine and vitamin B6 metabolic pathways were increased in RB compared with control. There were 453 metabolites identified in the RB food metabolome, thirty-nine of which were identified in stool from RB consumers. RB consumption favourably modulated the stool metabolome of CRC survivors and these findings suggest the need for continued dietary CRC chemoprevention efforts.
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17
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Fudge J, Mangel N, Gruissem W, Vanderschuren H, Fitzpatrick TB. Rationalising vitamin B6 biofortification in crop plants. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 44:130-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Gylling B, Myte R, Schneede J, Hallmans G, Häggström J, Johansson I, Ulvik A, Ueland PM, Van Guelpen B, Palmqvist R. Vitamin B-6 and colorectal cancer risk: a prospective population-based study using 3 distinct plasma markers of vitamin B-6 status. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:897-904. [PMID: 28275126 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.139337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Higher plasma concentrations of the vitamin B-6 marker pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) have been associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Inflammatory processes, including vitamin B-6 catabolism, could explain such findings.Objective: We investigated 3 biomarkers of vitamin B-6 status in relation to CRC risk.Design: This was a prospective case-control study of 613 CRC cases and 1190 matched controls nested within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (n = 114,679). Participants were followed from 1985 to 2009, and the median follow-up from baseline to CRC diagnosis was 8.2 y. PLP, pyridoxal, pyridoxic acid (PA), 3-hydroxykynurenine, and xanthurenic acids (XAs) were measured in plasma with the use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We calculated relative and absolute risks of CRC for PLP and the ratios 3-hydroxykynurenine:XA (HK:XA), an inverse marker of functional vitamin B-6 status, and PA:(PLP + pyridoxal) (PAr), a marker of inflammation and oxidative stress and an inverse marker of vitamin B-6 status.Results: Plasma PLP concentrations were associated with a reduced CRC risk for the third compared with the first quartile and for PLP sufficiency compared with deficiency [OR: 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44, 0.81) and OR: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.37, 0.81), respectively]. HK:XA and PAr were both associated with increased CRC risk [OR: 1.48 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.02) and OR: 1.50 (95% CI: 1.10, 2.04), respectively] for the fourth compared with the first quartile. For HK:XA and PAr, the findings were mainly observed in study participants with <10.5 y of follow-up between sampling and diagnosis.Conclusions: Vitamin B-6 deficiency as measured by plasma PLP is associated with a clear increase in CRC risk. Furthermore, our analyses of novel markers of functional vitamin B-6 status and vitamin B-6-associated oxidative stress and inflammation suggest a role in tumor progression rather than initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jörn Schneede
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences
| | | | | | | | | | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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19
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Myte R, Gylling B, Häggström J, Schneede J, Magne Ueland P, Hallmans G, Johansson I, Palmqvist R, Van Guelpen B. Untangling the role of one-carbon metabolism in colorectal cancer risk: a comprehensive Bayesian network analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43434. [PMID: 28233834 PMCID: PMC5324061 DOI: 10.1038/srep43434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of one-carbon metabolism (1CM), particularly folate, in colorectal cancer (CRC) development has been extensively studied, but with inconclusive results. Given the complexity of 1CM, the conventional approach, investigating components individually, may be insufficient. We used a machine learning-based Bayesian network approach to study, simultaneously, 14 circulating one-carbon metabolites, 17 related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and several environmental factors in relation to CRC risk in 613 cases and 1190 controls from the prospective Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. The estimated networks corresponded largely to known biochemical relationships. Plasma concentrations of folate (direct), vitamin B6 (pyridoxal 5-phosphate) (inverse), and vitamin B2 (riboflavin) (inverse) had the strongest independent associations with CRC risk. Our study demonstrates the importance of incorporating B-vitamins in future studies of 1CM and CRC development, and the usefulness of Bayesian network learning for investigating complex biological systems in relation to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Myte
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Gylling
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny Häggström
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business and Economics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jörn Schneede
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Biobank Research, Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Richard Palmqvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Moskal A, Freisling H, Byrnes G, Assi N, Fahey MT, Jenab M, Ferrari P, Tjønneland A, Petersen KEN, Dahm CC, Hansen CP, Affret A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Cadeau C, Kühn T, Katzke V, Iqbal K, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Bamia C, Naska A, Masala G, de Magistris MS, Sieri S, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Peeters PH, Bueno-de-Mesquita BH, Engeset D, Licaj I, Skeie G, Ardanaz E, Buckland G, Castaño JMH, Quirós JR, Amiano P, Molina-Portillo E, Winkvist A, Myte R, Ericson U, Sonestedt E, Perez-Cornago A, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Huybrechts I, Tsilidis KK, Ward H, Gunter MJ, Slimani N. Main nutrient patterns and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:1430-1440. [PMID: 27764841 PMCID: PMC5129834 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much of the current literature on diet-colorectal cancer (CRC) associations focused on studies of single foods/nutrients, whereas less is known about nutrient patterns. We investigated the association between major nutrient patterns and CRC risk in participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS Among 477 312 participants, intakes of 23 nutrients were estimated from validated dietary questionnaires. Using results from a previous principal component (PC) analysis, four major nutrient patterns were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for the association of each of the four patterns and CRC incidence using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for established CRC risk factors. RESULTS During an average of 11 years of follow-up, 4517 incident cases of CRC were documented. A nutrient pattern characterised by high intakes of vitamins and minerals was inversely associated with CRC (HR per 1 s.d.=0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) as was a pattern characterised by total protein, riboflavin, phosphorus and calcium (HR (1 s.d.)=0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99). The remaining two patterns were not significantly associated with CRC risk. CONCLUSIONS Analysing nutrient patterns may improve our understanding of how groups of nutrients relate to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Moskal
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nada Assi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Michael T Fahey
- Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Kristina EN Petersen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Alle 2, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Camilla Plambeck Hansen
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Alle 2, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif F-94805, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif F-94805, France
| | - Claire Cadeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM UMRS 1018, Villejuif F-94805, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif F-94805, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Christina Bamia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, Athens GR-115 27, Greece
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, Ponte Nuovo Palazzina 28A ‘Mario Fiori', Via delle Oblate 4, Florence 50141, Italy
| | - Maria Santucci de Magistris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian, 1, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘Civic–M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, ASP, Via Dante No. 109, Ragusa 97100, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Via Santena 7, Turin 10126, Italy
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (CPO Piemonte), Via Santena 7, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Huispost Str. 6.131, PO Box 85500, Utrecht 3508 GA The Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Bas H Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and The Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglann 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Dagrun Engeset
- The Norwegian Food Safety Authority, Head Office, Postboks 383, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Idlir Licaj
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø N-9037, Norway
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Navarra Public Health Institute, c/Leyre 15, Pamplona 31003, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Recinto de Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra c/Irunlarrea 3, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Genevieve Buckland
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Avda Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Huerta Castaño
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Ronda de Levante 11, Murcia 30008, Spain
| | - José R Quirós
- Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Ciriaco Miguel Vigil St 9, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa-BIODonostia Research Institute, Basque Regional Health Department, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- CIBER, Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Cuesta del Observatorio, 4, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada 18080, Spain
| | - Anna Winkvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 459, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutrition Research, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robin Myte
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, University Campus, Ionnina 45110, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, Cambridge
| | - Heather Ward
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, Cambridge
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nadia Slimani
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Erriu M, Pili FMG, Cadoni S, Garau V. Diagnosis of Lingual Atrophic Conditions: Associations with Local and Systemic Factors. A Descriptive Review. Open Dent J 2016; 10:619-635. [PMID: 27990187 PMCID: PMC5123136 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrophic glossitis is a condition characterised by absence of filiform or fungiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Consequently, the ordinary texture and appearance of the dorsal tongue, determined by papillary protrusion, turns into a soft and smooth aspect. Throughout the years, many factors, both local and systemic, have been associated with atrophic glossitis as the tongue is currently considered to be a mirror of general health. Moreover, various tongue conditions were wrongly diagnosed as atrophic glossitis. Oral involvement can conceal underlying systemic conditions and, in this perspective, the role of clinicians is fundamental. Early recognition of oral signs and symptoms, through a careful examination of oral anatomical structures, plays a crucial role in providing patients with a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Erriu
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F M G Pili
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - S Cadoni
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, S. Barbara Hospital, Iglesias (CA), Italy
| | - V Garau
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
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22
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Block KI, Gyllenhaal C, Lowe L, Amedei A, Amin ARMR, Amin A, Aquilano K, Arbiser J, Arreola A, Arzumanyan A, Ashraf SS, Azmi AS, Benencia F, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Bishayee A, Blain SW, Block PB, Boosani CS, Carey TE, Carnero A, Carotenuto M, Casey SC, Chakrabarti M, Chaturvedi R, Chen GZ, Chen H, Chen S, Chen YC, Choi BK, Ciriolo MR, Coley HM, Collins AR, Connell M, Crawford S, Curran CS, Dabrosin C, Damia G, Dasgupta S, DeBerardinis RJ, Decker WK, Dhawan P, Diehl AME, Dong JT, Dou QP, Drew JE, Elkord E, El-Rayes B, Feitelson MA, Felsher DW, Ferguson LR, Fimognari C, Firestone GL, Frezza C, Fujii H, Fuster MM, Generali D, Georgakilas AG, Gieseler F, Gilbertson M, Green MF, Grue B, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Heneberg P, Hentosh P, Hirschey MD, Hofseth LJ, Holcombe RF, Honoki K, Hsu HY, Huang GS, Jensen LD, Jiang WG, Jones LW, Karpowicz PA, Keith WN, Kerkar SP, Khan GN, Khatami M, Ko YH, Kucuk O, Kulathinal RJ, Kumar NB, Kwon BS, Le A, Lea MA, Lee HY, Lichtor T, Lin LT, Locasale JW, Lokeshwar BL, Longo VD, Lyssiotis CA, MacKenzie KL, Malhotra M, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Matheu A, Maxwell C, McDonnell E, Meeker AK, Mehrmohamadi M, Mehta K, Michelotti GA, Mohammad RM, Mohammed SI, Morre DJ, Muralidhar V, Muqbil I, Murphy MP, Nagaraju GP, Nahta R, Niccolai E, Nowsheen S, Panis C, Pantano F, Parslow VR, Pawelec G, Pedersen PL, Poore B, Poudyal D, Prakash S, Prince M, Raffaghello L, Rathmell JC, Rathmell WK, Ray SK, Reichrath J, Rezazadeh S, Ribatti D, Ricciardiello L, Robey RB, Rodier F, Rupasinghe HPV, Russo GL, Ryan EP, Samadi AK, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sanders AJ, Santini D, Sarkar M, Sasada T, Saxena NK, Shackelford RE, Shantha Kumara HMC, Sharma D, Shin DM, Sidransky D, Siegelin MD, Signori E, Singh N, Sivanand S, Sliva D, Smythe C, Spagnuolo C, Stafforini DM, Stagg J, Subbarayan PR, Sundin T, Talib WH, Thompson SK, Tran PT, Ungefroren H, Vander Heiden MG, Venkateswaran V, Vinay DS, Vlachostergios PJ, Wang Z, Wellen KE, Whelan RL, Yang ES, Yang H, Yang X, Yaswen P, Yedjou C, Yin X, Zhu J, Zollo M. Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 35 Suppl:S276-S304. [PMID: 26590477 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notable successes in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targeted therapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a few disease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistant immortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are not reliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, an international task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspects of relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a wide range of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For these targets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which were phytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed for known effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procarcinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixed evidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of the relationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. This novel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types of cancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for future research is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith I Block
- Block Center for Integrative Cancer Treatment, Skokie, IL, United States.
| | | | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A R M Ruhul Amin
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Jack Arbiser
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alexandra Arreola
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Penny B Block
- Block Center for Integrative Cancer Treatment, Skokie, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Head and Neck Cancer Biology Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Seville, Spain
| | - Marianeve Carotenuto
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stephanie C Casey
- Stanford University, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Georgia Zhuo Chen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, United States
| | - Beom K Choi
- Cancer Immunology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Crawford
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Colleen S Curran
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas - Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - William K Decker
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Biology, Division of Surgical Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Anna Mae E Diehl
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Janice E Drew
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Eyad Elkord
- College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Stanford University, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Lynnette R Ferguson
- Discipline of Nutrition and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Gary L Firestone
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Mark M Fuster
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Molecular Therapy and Pharmacogenomics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Frank Gieseler
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Michelle F Green
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Brendan Grue
- Departments of Environmental Science, Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Hentosh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Matthew D Hirschey
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Gloria S Huang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Lasse D Jensen
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lee W Jones
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Sid P Kerkar
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation and Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (Retired), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Young H Ko
- University of Maryland BioPark, Innovation Center, KoDiscovery, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Byoung S Kwon
- Cancer Immunology Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Anne Le
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michael A Lea
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Terry Lichtor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Valter D Longo
- Andrus Gerontology Center, Division of Biogerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Karen L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meenakshi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Christopher Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eoin McDonnell
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mahya Mehrmohamadi
- Field of Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Kapil Mehta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Gregory A Michelotti
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - D James Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Vinayak Muralidhar
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rita Nahta
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University of West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Francesco Pantano
- Medical Oncology Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia R Parslow
- Discipline of Nutrition and Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter L Pedersen
- Departments of Biological Chemistry and Oncology, Member at Large, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brad Poore
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Deepak Poudyal
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Satya Prakash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mark Prince
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jörg Reichrath
- Center for Clinical and Experimental Photodermatology, Clinic for Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, The Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sarallah Rezazadeh
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy & National Cancer Institute Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Brooks Robey
- White River Junction Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT, United States; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Francis Rodier
- Centre de Rechercher du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médicine Nucléaire, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrew J Sanders
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Santini
- Medical Oncology Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Malancha Sarkar
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tetsuro Sasada
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University, Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - H M C Shantha Kumara
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dong M Shin
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emanuela Signori
- National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Rome, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sharanya Sivanand
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daniel Sliva
- DSTest Laboratories, Purdue Research Park, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Carl Smythe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Diana M Stafforini
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Faculté de Pharmacie et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pochi R Subbarayan
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tabetha Sundin
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sentara Healthcare, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sarah K Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Oncology and Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hendrik Ungefroren
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Vasundara Venkateswaran
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dass S Vinay
- Section of Clinical Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Panagiotis J Vlachostergios
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York University Lutheran Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zongwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn E Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Richard L Whelan
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Paul Yaswen
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Clement Yedjou
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Xin Yin
- Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System & University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jiyue Zhu
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Ueland PM, McCann A, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A. Inflammation, vitamin B6 and related pathways. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 53:10-27. [PMID: 27593095 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), serves as a co-factor in more than 150 enzymatic reactions. Plasma PLP has consistently been shown to be low in inflammatory conditions; there is a parallel reduction in liver PLP, but minor changes in erythrocyte and muscle PLP and in functional vitamin B6 biomarkers. Plasma PLP also predicts the risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and some cancers, and is inversely associated with numerous inflammatory markers in clinical and population-based studies. Vitamin B6 intake and supplementation improve some immune functions in vitamin B6-deficient humans and experimental animals. A possible mechanism involved is mobilization of vitamin B6 to the sites of inflammation where it may serve as a co-factor in pathways producing metabolites with immunomodulating effects. Relevant vitamin B6-dependent inflammatory pathways include vitamin B6 catabolism, the kynurenine pathway, sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism, the transsulfuration pathway, and serine and glycine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | - Arve Ulvik
- Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Ho CL, Quay TAW, Devlin AM, Lamers Y. Prevalence and Predictors of Low Vitamin B6 Status in Healthy Young Adult Women in Metro Vancouver. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090538. [PMID: 27598193 PMCID: PMC5037525 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Low periconceptional vitamin B6 (B6) status has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and early pregnancy loss. Given many pregnancies are unplanned; it is important for women to maintain an adequate B6 status throughout reproductive years. There is limited data on B6 status in Canadian women. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of B6 deficiency and predictors of B6 status in young adult women in Metro Vancouver. We included a convenience sample of young adult non-pregnant women (19–35 years; n = 202). Vitamin B6 status was determined using fasting plasma concentrations of pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP). Mean (95% confidence interval) plasma PLP concentration was 61.0 (55.2, 67.3) nmol/L. The prevalence of B6 deficiency (plasma PLP < 20 nmol/L) was 1.5% and that of suboptimal B6 status (plasma PLP = 20–30 nmol/L) was 10.9%. Body mass index, South Asian ethnicity, relative dietary B6 intake, and the use of supplemental B6 were significant predictors of plasma PLP. The combined 12.4% prevalence of B6 deficiency and suboptimal status was lower than data reported in US populations and might be due to the high socioeconomic status of our sample. More research is warranted to determine B6 status in the general Canadian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Ho
- Food Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Teo A W Quay
- Food Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Angela M Devlin
- Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.
| | - Yvonne Lamers
- Food Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
- Fraser Health Authority, 10334 152A St, Surrey, BC V3R 7P8, Canada.
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Gajdoš Kljusurić J, Bosanac V, Šanko K, Colić Barić I. Establishing energy-nutritional variety of boarding school daily menus as a result of regional differences using multivariate analysis. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Patterson CC, Blankenberg S, Ben-Shlomo Y, Heslop L, Bayer A, Lowe G, Zeller T, Gallacher J, Young I, Yarnell J. Which biomarkers are predictive specifically for cardiovascular or for non-cardiovascular mortality in men? Evidence from the Caerphilly Prospective Study (CaPS). Int J Cardiol 2015; 201:113-8. [PMID: 26298350 PMCID: PMC4612445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine a panel of 28 biomarkers for prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality in a population-based cohort of men. METHODS Starting in 1979, middle-aged men in Caerphilly underwent detailed medical examination. Subsequently 2171 men were re-examined during 1989-1993, and fasting blood samples obtained from 1911 men (88%). Fibrinogen, viscosity and white cell count (WCC), routine biochemistry tests and lipids were analysed using fresh samples. Stored aliquots were later analysed for novel biomarkers. Statistical analysis of CVD and non-CVD mortality follow-up used competing risk Cox regression models with biomarkers in thirds tested at the 1% significance level after covariate adjustment. RESULTS During an average of 15.4 years follow-up, troponin (subhazard ratio per third 1.71, 95% CI 1.46-1.99) and B-natriuretic peptide (BNP) (subhazard ratio per third 1.54, 95% CI 1.34-1.78) showed strong trends with CVD death but not with non-CVD death. WCC and fibrinogen showed similar weaker findings. Plasma viscosity, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were associated positively with both CVD death and non-CVD death while total cholesterol was associated positively with CVD death but negatively with non-CVD death. C-reactive protein (C-RP), alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP-4) and vitamin B6 were significantly associated only with non-CVD death, the last two negatively. Troponin, BNP and IL-6 showed evidence of diminishing associations with CVD mortality through follow-up. CONCLUSION Biomarkers for cardiac necrosis were strong, specific predictors of CVD mortality while many inflammatory markers were equally predictive of non-CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Luke Heslop
- Institute of Primary Care & Public Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Antony Bayer
- Institute of Primary Care & Public Health, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gordon Lowe
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tanja Zeller
- University Heart Centre Hamburg, Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - John Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian Young
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - John Yarnell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
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Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA. Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S5-S24. [PMID: 25869442 PMCID: PMC4600419 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability can initiate cancer, augment progression, and influence the overall prognosis of the affected patient. Genomic instability arises from many different pathways, such as telomere damage, centrosome amplification, epigenetic modifications, and DNA damage from endogenous and exogenous sources, and can be perpetuating, or limiting, through the induction of mutations or aneuploidy, both enabling and catastrophic. Many cancer treatments induce DNA damage to impair cell division on a global scale but it is accepted that personalized treatments, those that are tailored to the particular patient and type of cancer, must also be developed. In this review, we detail the mechanisms from which genomic instability arises and can lead to cancer, as well as treatments and measures that prevent genomic instability or take advantage of the cellular defects caused by genomic instability. In particular, we identify and discuss five priority targets against genomic instability: (1) prevention of DNA damage; (2) enhancement of DNA repair; (3) targeting deficient DNA repair; (4) impairing centrosome clustering; and, (5) inhibition of telomerase activity. Moreover, we highlight vitamin D and B, selenium, carotenoids, PARP inhibitors, resveratrol, and isothiocyanates as priority approaches against genomic instability. The prioritized target sites and approaches were cross validated to identify potential synergistic effects on a number of important areas of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, Instituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, United States
| | | | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research & Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Satya Prakash
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarallah Rezazadeh
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Oncology and Urology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
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Abstract
Measures of B6 status are categorized as direct biomarkers and as functional biomarkers. Direct biomarkers measure B6 vitamers in plasma/serum, urine and erythrocytes, and among these plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is most commonly used. Functional biomarkers include erythrocyte transaminase activities and, more recently, plasma levels of metabolites involved in PLP-dependent reactions, such as the kynurenine pathway, one-carbon metabolism, transsulfuration (cystathionine), and glycine decarboxylation (serine and glycine). Vitamin B6 status is best assessed by using a combination of biomarkers because of the influence of potential confounders, such as inflammation, alkaline phosphatase activity, low serum albumin, renal function, and inorganic phosphate. Ratios between substrate-products pairs have recently been investigated as a strategy to attenuate such influence. These efforts have provided promising new markers such as the PAr index, the 3-hydroxykynurenine:xanthurenic acid ratio, and the oxoglutarate:glutamate ratio. Targeted metabolic profiling or untargeted metabolomics based on mass spectrometry allow the simultaneous quantification of a large number of metabolites, which are currently evaluated as functional biomarkers, using data reduction statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Magne Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, and the Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
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29
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Masri OA, Chalhoub JM, Sharara AI. Role of vitamins in gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5191-5209. [PMID: 25954093 PMCID: PMC4419060 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A tremendous amount of data from research was published over the past decades concerning the roles of different vitamins in various gastrointestinal diseases. For instance, most vitamins showed an inverse relationship with the risk of colorectal carcinoma as well as other malignancies like gastric and esophageal cancer in observational trials, however interventional trials failed to prove a clear beneficial preventive role. On the other hand, more solid evidence was obtained from high quality studies for a role of certain vitamins in specific entities. Examples for this include the therapeutic role of vitamin E in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, the additive role of vitamins B12 and D to the standard therapy of chronic hepatitis C virus, the role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of gallstones, the positive outcome with vitamin B12 in patients with aphthous stomatitis, and the beneficial effect of vitamin D and B1 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Other potential uses are yet to be elaborated, like those on celiac disease, pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, cholestasis and other potential fields. Data from several ongoing interventional trials are expected to add to the current knowledge over the coming few years. Given that vitamin supplementation is psychologically accepted by patients as a natural compound with relative safety and low cost, their use should be encouraged in the fields where positive data are available.
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Fratoni V, Brandi ML. B vitamins, homocysteine and bone health. Nutrients 2015; 7:2176-92. [PMID: 25830943 PMCID: PMC4425139 DOI: 10.3390/nu7042176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is one of the most important modifiable factors involved in the development and maintenance of good bone health. Calcium and Vitamin D have confirmed and established roles in the maintenance of proper bone health. However, other nutritional factors could also be implicated. This review will explore the emerging evidence of the supporting role of certain B Vitamins as modifiable factors associated with bone health. Individuals with high levels of homocysteine (hcy) exhibit reduced bone mineral density (BMD), alteration in microarchitecture and increased bone fragility. The pathophysiology caused by high serum homocysteine is not completely clear regarding fractures, but it may involve factors, such as bone mineral density, bone turnover, bone blood flow and collagen cross-linking. It is uncertain whether supplementation with B Vitamins, such as folate, Vitamin B1, and Vitamin B6, could decrease hip fracture incidence, but the results of further clinical trials should be awaited before a conclusion is drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fratoni
- Department of Surgery and Traslational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6-50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Surgery and Traslational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6-50139 Florence, Italy.
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Liu Y, Yu Q, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Chen M, Tang P, Li K. Vitamin and multiple-vitamin supplement intake and incidence of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Med Oncol 2015; 32:434. [PMID: 25491145 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper systematically evaluated the association of intake of different vitamins and multiple-vitamin supplements and the incidence of colorectal cancer. Relevant studies were identified in MEDLINE via PubMed (published up to April 2014). We extracted data from articles on vitamins A, C, D, E, B9 (folate), B2, B3, B6, and B12 and multiple-vitamin supplements. We used multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and a random-effects model for analysis and random effects. With heterogeneity, we looked for the source of heterogeneity or performed sensitivity and stratified analyses. We found 47 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The multivariable-adjusted RR for pooled studies for the association between the highest versus lowest vitamin B9 (folate) intake and colorectal cancer was 0.88 [95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 0.81-0.95]. Vitamin D was 0.87 (95 % CI 0.77-0.99); vitamin B6, 0.88 (95 % CI 0.79-0.99); vitamin B2, 0.86 (95 % CI, 0.76-0.97); vitamin A, 0.87 (95 % CI, 0.75-1.03); vitamin C, 0.92 (95 % CI, 0.80-1.06); vitamin E, 0.94 (95 % CI, 0.82-1.07); vitamin B12, 1.10 (95 % CI, 0.92-1.32); vitamin B3, 1.18 (95 % CI, 0.76-1.84). Vitamin B9 (folate), D, B6, and B2 intake was inversely associated with risk of colorectal cancer, but further study is needed. Our study featured unacceptable heterogeneity for studies of multiple-vitamin supplements, so findings were inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China,
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Kim YN, Cho YO. Evaluation of vitamin B6 intake and status of 20- to 64-year-old Koreans. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:688-94. [PMID: 25489409 PMCID: PMC4252529 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.6.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Recent research regarding vitamin B6 status including biochemical index is limited. Thus, this study estimated intakes and major food sources of vitamin B6; determined plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP); and assessed vitamin B6 status of Korean adults. MATERIALS/METHODS Three consecutive 24-h diet recalls and fasting blood samples were collected from healthy 20- to 64-year-old adults (n = 254) living in the Seoul metropolitan area, cities of Kwangju and Gumi, Korea. Vitamin B6 intake and plasma PLP were analyzed by gender and by vitamin B6 supplementation. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine associations of vitamin B6 intake and plasma PLP. RESULTS The mean dietary and total (dietary plus supplemental) vitamin B6 intake was 1.94 ± 0.64 and 2.41 ± 1.45 mg/day, respectively. Median (50th percentile) dietary intake of men and women was 2.062 and 1.706 mg/day. Foods from plant sources provided 70.61% of dietary vitamin B6 intake. Only 6.3% of subjects consumed total vitamin B6 less than Estimated Average Requirements. Plasma PLP concentration of all subjects was 40.03 ± 23.71 nmol/L. The concentration of users of vitamin B6 supplements was significantly higher than that of nonusers (P < 0.001). Approximately 16% of Korean adults had PLP levels < 20 nmol/L, indicating a biochemical deficiency of vitamin B6, while 19.7% had marginal vitamin B6 status. Plasma PLP concentration showed positive correlation with total vitamin B6 intake (r = 0.40984, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this study, vitamin B6 intake of Korean adults was generally adequate. However, one-third of subjects had vitamin B6 deficiency or marginal status. Therefore, in some adults in Korea, consumption of vitamin B6-rich food sources should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Nam Kim
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 132-714, Korea
| | - Youn-Ok Cho
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 132-714, Korea
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Abbenhardt C, Miller JW, Song X, Brown EC, Cheng TYD, Wener MH, Zheng Y, Toriola AT, Neuhouser ML, Beresford SAA, Makar KW, Bailey LB, Maneval DR, Green R, Manson JE, Van Horn L, Ulrich CM. Biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism are associated with biomarkers of inflammation in women. J Nutr 2014; 144:714-21. [PMID: 24647390 PMCID: PMC3985828 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.183970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. Perturbations in one-carbon metabolism have been implicated in increased risk of some cancers and may also affect inflammatory processes. We investigated these interrelated pathways to understand their relation. The objective was to explore associations between inflammation and biomarkers of nutritional status and one-carbon metabolism. In a cross-sectional study in 1976 women selected from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, plasma vitamin B-6 [pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)], plasma vitamin B-12, plasma folate, and RBC folate were measured as nutritional biomarkers; serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) were measured as biomarkers of inflammation; and homocysteine and cysteine were measured as integrated biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism. Student's t, chi-square, and Spearman rank correlations, along with multiple linear regressions, were used to explore relations between biomarkers; additionally, we tested stratification by folic acid fortification period and multivitamin use. With the use of univariate analysis, plasma PLP was the only nutritional biomarker that was modestly significantly correlated with serum CRP and SAA (ρ = -0.22 and -0.12, respectively; P < 0.0001). Homocysteine (μmol/L) showed significant inverse correlations with all nutritional biomarkers (ranging from ρ = -0.30 to ρ = -0.46; all P < 0.0001). With the use of multiple linear regression, plasma PLP, RBC folate, homocysteine, and cysteine were identified as independent predictors of CRP; and PLP, vitamin B-12, RBC folate, and homocysteine were identified as predictors of SAA. When stratified by folic acid fortification period, nutrition-homocysteine correlations were generally weaker in the postfortification period, whereas associations between plasma PLP and serum CRP increased. Biomarkers of inflammation are associated with PLP, RBC folate, and homocysteine in women. The connection between the pathways needs to be further investigated and causality established. The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Abbenhardt
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT)/German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhang P, Suidasari S, Hasegawa T, Yanaka N, Kato N. Vitamin B₆ activates p53 and elevates p21 gene expression in cancer cells and the mouse colon. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2371-6. [PMID: 24626782 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates vitamin B6 acts as a protective factor against colon cancer. However, the mechanisms of the effect of vitamin B6 are poorly understood. The present preliminary study using DNA microarray and real-time PCR indicates p21 mRNA is upregulated in human colon carcinoma (HT29) cells exposed to pyridoxal (PL, 500 µM). A similar effect was observed in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco2) cells, human colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo) cells, human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells, and human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Adding other B6-vitamers such as pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxine (PN), and pyridoxamine (PM) caused no such effect. In order to understand the mechanism of higher mRNA expression of p21 by PL, effect of PL on the p53 activation was examined (the upstream factor for p21 mRNA transcription) in HT29 cells, LoVo cells, and HepG2 cells. PL increased the phosphorylated p53 protein levels (active form) in whole-cell lysates and the nuclei of the cells. Noteworthy, the consumption of a vitamin B6-deficient diet for 5 weeks significantly reduced p21 mRNA levels and tended to reduce phosphorylated p53 protein levels (P=0.053) in the colons of mice compared to a diet with adequate vitamin B6. Thus, these results suggest vitamin B6 plays a role in increasing p21 gene expression via p53 activation in several cancer cells and the mouse colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Sofya Suidasari
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yanaka
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Norihisa Kato
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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Maity AN, Chen YH, Ke SC. Large-scale domain motions and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate assisted radical catalysis in coenzyme B12-dependent aminomutases. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:3064-87. [PMID: 24562332 PMCID: PMC3958899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15023064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine 5,6-aminomutase (5,6-LAM) and ornithine 4,5-aminomutase (4,5-OAM) are two of the rare enzymes that use assistance of two vitamins as cofactors. These enzymes employ radical generating capability of coenzyme B12 (5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, dAdoCbl) and ability of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP, vitamin B6) to stabilize high-energy intermediates for performing challenging 1,2-amino rearrangements between adjacent carbons. A large-scale domain movement is required for interconversion between the catalytically inactive open form and the catalytically active closed form. In spite of all the similarities, these enzymes differ in substrate specificities. 4,5-OAM is highly specific for D-ornithine as a substrate while 5,6-LAM can accept D-lysine and L-β-lysine. This review focuses on recent computational, spectroscopic and structural studies of these enzymes and their implications on the related enzymes. Additionally, we also discuss the potential biosynthetic application of 5,6-LAM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yung-Han Chen
- Physics Department, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Shyue-Chu Ke
- Physics Department, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
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Zhang P, Suidasari S, Hasegawa T, Yanaka N, Kato N. High concentrations of pyridoxal stimulate the expression of IGFBP1 in HepG2 cells through upregulation of the ERK/c‑Jun pathway. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:973-8. [PMID: 23942851 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that dietary vitamin B6 is linked to the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process are not yet understood. Preliminary results in the current study indicated, following DNA microarray analysis and quantitative PCR, that insulin‑like growth factor‑binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) mRNA is upregulated in HT29 colon carcinoma cells exposed to pyridoxal (PL, 500 µM). IGFBP1 is secreted from the liver and is hypothesized to exert a protective role in the development of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Thus, further experiments were performed to investigate the effect of PL on the expression of IGFBP1 in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The addition of PL (500 µM) markedly increased the expression of IGFBP1 mRNA in HepG2 cells at 6, 12 and 24 h (P<0.01), whereas other vitamers (500 µM), including pyridoxal 5'‑phosphate (PLP), pyridoxine (PN) and pyridoxamine (PM), caused no such effect. The expression of the IGFBP1 protein in the cell lysate and culture medium was elevated in the presence of PL. PL elevated expression of the active form of ERK1 protein, p‑ERK1, and the p‑c‑Jun protein, a downstream factor of ERK. Furthermore, IGFBP1 expression, elevated by PL, was suppressed by PD98059, an ERK inhibitor. Higher expression of IGFBP1 protein by PL was suppressed by cycloheximide. These results suggest that PL may induce the expression of IGFBP1 in hepatoma cells via a mechanism involving the ERK/c‑Jun pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi‑Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739‑8528, Japan
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