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Chen L, Chen C, Jin Q, Liang Y, Wu J, Zhang P, Cheng J, Wang L. Efferent pathways from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the horizontal limbs of diagonal band promote NREM sleep during the dark phase in mice. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:34. [PMID: 39039434 PMCID: PMC11265431 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The regulation of circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake states involves in multiple neural circuits. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a circadian pacemaker that controls the rhythmic oscillation of mammalian behaviors. The basal forebrain (BF) is a critical brain region of sleep-wake regulation, which is the downstream of the SCN. Retrograde tracing of cholera toxin subunit B showed a direct projection from the SCN to the horizontal limbs of diagonal band (HDB), a subregion of the BF. However, the underlying function of the SCN-HDB pathway remains poorly understood. Herein, activation of this pathway significantly increased non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep during the dark phase by using optogenetic recordings. Moreover, activation of this pathway significantly induced NREM sleep during the dark phase for first 4 h by using chemogenetic methods. Taken together, these findings reveal that the SCN-HDB pathway participates in NREM sleep regulation and provides direct evidence of a novel SCN-related pathway involved in sleep-wake states regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Departments of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Changfeng Chen
- Department of Physiology and Functional Experiment center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiaoling Jin
- Department of Physiology and Functional Experiment center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jian Wu
- Departments of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Functional Experiment center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Functional Experiment center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Liecheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Functional Experiment center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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2
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Fulton KA, Zimmerman D, Samuel A, Vogt K, Datta SR. Common principles for odour coding across vertebrates and invertebrates. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:453-472. [PMID: 38806946 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00822-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The olfactory system is an ideal and tractable system for exploring how the brain transforms sensory inputs into behaviour. The basic tasks of any olfactory system include odour detection, discrimination and categorization. The challenge for the olfactory system is to transform the high-dimensional space of olfactory stimuli into the much smaller space of perceived objects and valence that endows odours with meaning. Our current understanding of how neural circuits address this challenge has come primarily from observations of the mechanisms of the brain for processing other sensory modalities, such as vision and hearing, in which optimized deep hierarchical circuits are used to extract sensory features that vary along continuous physical dimensions. The olfactory system, by contrast, contends with an ill-defined, high-dimensional stimulus space and discrete stimuli using a circuit architecture that is shallow and parallelized. Here, we present recent observations in vertebrate and invertebrate systems that relate the statistical structure and state-dependent modulation of olfactory codes to mechanisms of perception and odour-guided behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara A Fulton
- Department of Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aravi Samuel
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katrin Vogt
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang L, Liu D, Xie T, Le Z, Li X, Gong H, Xu XH, Xu M, Yao H. Whole-brain Mapping of Inputs and Outputs of Specific Orbitofrontal Cortical Neurons in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01229-8. [PMID: 38801564 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01229-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The orbitofrontal cortex (ORB), a region crucial for stimulus-reward association, decision-making, and flexible behaviors, extensively connects with other brain areas. However, brain-wide inputs to projection-defined ORB neurons and the distribution of inhibitory neurons postsynaptic to neurons in specific ORB subregions remain poorly characterized. Here we mapped the inputs of five types of projection-specific ORB neurons and ORB outputs to two types of inhibitory neurons. We found that different projection-defined ORB neurons received inputs from similar cortical and thalamic regions, albeit with quantitative variations, particularly in somatomotor areas and medial groups of the dorsal thalamus. By counting parvalbumin (PV) or somatostatin (SST) interneurons innervated by neurons in specific ORB subregions, we found a higher fraction of PV neurons in sensory cortices and a higher fraction of SST neurons in subcortical regions targeted by medial ORB neurons. These results provide insights into understanding and investigating the function of specific ORB neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lizhao Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Taorong Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ziwei Le
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui Gong
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, 215123, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Haishan Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Chakraborty S, Haast RAM, Onuska KM, Kanel P, Prado MAM, Prado VF, Khan AR, Schmitz TW. Multimodal gradients of basal forebrain connectivity across the neocortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.26.541324. [PMID: 37292595 PMCID: PMC10245994 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.26.541324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The cholinergic innervation of the cortex originates almost entirely from populations of neurons in the basal forebrain (BF). Structurally, the ascending BF cholinergic projections are highly branched, with individual cells targeting multiple different cortical regions. However, it is not known whether the structural organization of basal forebrain projections reflects their functional integration with the cortex. We therefore used high-resolution 7T diffusion and resting state functional MRI in humans to examine multimodal gradients of BF cholinergic connectivity with the cortex. Moving from anteromedial to posterolateral BF, we observed reduced tethering between structural and functional connectivity gradients, with the most pronounced dissimilarity localized in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NbM). The cortical expression of this structure-function gradient revealed progressively weaker tethering moving from unimodal to transmodal cortex, with the lowest tethering in midcingulo-insular cortex. We used human [ 18 F] fluoroethoxy-benzovesamicol (FEOBV) PET to demonstrate that cortical areas with higher concentrations of cholinergic innervation tend to exhibit lower tethering between BF structural and functional connectivity, suggesting a pattern of increasingly diffuse axonal arborization. Anterograde viral tracing of cholinergic projections and [ 18 F] FEOBV PET in mice confirmed a gradient of axonal arborization across individual BF cholinergic neurons. Like humans, cholinergic neurons with the highest arborization project to cingulo-insular areas of the mouse isocortex. Altogether, our findings reveal that BF cholinergic neurons vary in their branch complexity, with certain subpopulations exhibiting greater modularity and others greater diffusivity in the functional integration of their cortical targets.
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Troppoli TA, Yang C, Katsuki F, Uygun DS, Lin I, Aguilar DD, Spratt T, Basheer R, McNally JM, Savio Chan C, McKenna JT, Brown RE. Neuronal PAS domain 1 identifies a major subpopulation of wakefulness-promoting GABAergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321410121. [PMID: 38748575 PMCID: PMC11127008 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321410121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe a group of basal forebrain (BF) neurons expressing neuronal Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain 1 (Npas1), a developmental transcription factor linked to neuropsychiatric disorders. Immunohistochemical staining in Npas1-cre-2A-TdTomato mice revealed BF Npas1+ neurons are distinct from well-studied parvalbumin or cholinergic neurons. Npas1 staining in GAD67-GFP knock-in mice confirmed that the vast majority of Npas1+ neurons are GABAergic, with minimal colocalization with glutamatergic neurons in vGlut1-cre-tdTomato or vGlut2-cre-tdTomato mice. The density of Npas1+ neurons was high, five to six times that of neighboring cholinergic, parvalbumin, or glutamatergic neurons. Anterograde tracing identified prominent projections of BF Npas1+ neurons to brain regions involved in sleep-wake control, motivated behaviors, and olfaction such as the lateral hypothalamus, lateral habenula, nucleus accumbens shell, ventral tegmental area, and olfactory bulb. Chemogenetic activation of BF Npas1+ neurons in the light period increased the amount of wakefulness and the latency to sleep for 2 to 3 h, due to an increase in long wake bouts and short NREM sleep bouts. NREM slow-wave and sigma power, as well as sleep spindle density, amplitude, and duration, were reduced, reminiscent of findings in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Together with previous findings implicating BF Npas1+ neurons in stress responsiveness, the anatomical projections of BF Npas1+ neurons and the effect of activating them suggest a possible role for BF Npas1+ neurons in motivationally driven wakefulness and stress-induced insomnia. Identification of this major subpopulation of BF GABAergic neurons will facilitate studies of their role in sleep disorders, dementia, and other neuropsychiatric conditions involving BF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Troppoli
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Boston Veterans Affairs (VA) Research Institute, Boston, MA02130
| | - Fumi Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - David S. Uygun
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | | | - David D. Aguilar
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Tristan Spratt
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Radhika Basheer
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Boston Veterans Affairs (VA) Research Institute, Boston, MA02130
| | - James M. McNally
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Boston Veterans Affairs (VA) Research Institute, Boston, MA02130
| | - C. Savio Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL60611
| | - James T. McKenna
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Boston Veterans Affairs (VA) Research Institute, Boston, MA02130
| | - Ritchie E. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA02132
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Boston Veterans Affairs (VA) Research Institute, Boston, MA02130
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6
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Liu Y(A, Nong Y, Feng J, Li G, Sajda P, Li Y, Wang Q. Phase synchrony between prefrontal noradrenergic and cholinergic signals indexes inhibitory control. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.594562. [PMID: 38798371 PMCID: PMC11118516 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.594562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory control is a critical executive function that allows animals to suppress their impulsive behavior in order to achieve certain goals or avoid punishment. We investigated norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine (ACh) dynamics and population neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex during inhibitory control. Using fluorescent sensors to measure extracellular levels of NE and ACh, we simultaneously recorded the dynamics of prefrontal NE and ACh in mice performing an inhibitory control task. The prefrontal NE and ACh signals exhibited strong coherence at 0.4-0.8 Hz. Chemogenetic inhibition of locus coeruleus (LC) neurons that project to the basal forebrain region reduced inhibitory control performance to chance levels. However, this manipulation did not diminish the difference in NE/ACh signals between successful and failed trials; instead, it abolished the difference in NE-ACh phase synchrony between the successful and failed trials, indicating that NE-ACh phase synchrony is a task-relevant neuromodulatory feature. Chemogenetic inhibition of cholinergic neurons that project to the LC region did not impair the inhibitory control performance, nor did it abolish the difference in NE-ACh phase synchrony between successful or failed trials, further confirming the relevance of NE-ACh phase synchrony to inhibitory control. To understand the possible effect of NE-ACh synchrony on prefrontal population activity, we employed Neuropixels to record from the prefrontal cortex with and without inhibiting LC neurons that project to the basal forebrain during inhibitory control. The LC inhibition reduced the number of prefrontal neurons encoding inhibitory control. Demixed principal component analysis (dPCA) further revealed that population firing patterns representing inhibitory control were impaired by the LC inhibition. Disparities in NE-ACh phase synchrony relevant to inhibitory control occurred only in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the parietal cortex, somatosensory cortex, and the somatosensory thalamus. Taken together, these findings suggest that the LC modulates inhibitory control through its collective effect with cholinergic systems on population activity in the prefrontal cortex. Our results further revealed that NE-ACh phase synchrony is a critical neuromodulatory feature with important implications for cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang (Andy) Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University ET 351, 500 W. 120 Street, New York, NY 10027
| | - Yuhan Nong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University ET 351, 500 W. 120 Street, New York, NY 10027
| | - Jiesi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences Peking University
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PR China
| | - Guochuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences Peking University
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PR China
| | - Paul Sajda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University ET 351, 500 W. 120 Street, New York, NY 10027
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences Peking University
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University ET 351, 500 W. 120 Street, New York, NY 10027
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7
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Wang J, Yang Q, Liu X, Li J, Wen YL, Hu Y, Xu TL, Duan S, Xu H. The basal forebrain to lateral habenula circuitry mediates social behavioral maladaptation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4013. [PMID: 38740778 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the neural basis of fear allows for more effective treatments for maladaptive fear often observed in psychiatric disorders. Although the basal forebrain (BF) has an essential role in fear learning, its function in fear expression and the underlying neuronal and circuit substrates are much less understood. Here we report that BF glutamatergic neurons are robustly activated by social stimulus following social fear conditioning in male mice. And cell-type-specific inhibition of those excitatory neurons largely reduces social fear expression. At the circuit level, BF glutamatergic neurons make functional contacts with the lateral habenula (LHb) neurons and these connections are potentiated in conditioned mice. Moreover, optogenetic inhibition of BF-LHb glutamatergic pathway significantly reduces social fear responses. These data unravel an important function of the BF in fear expression via its glutamatergic projection onto the LHb, and suggest that selective targeting BF-LHb excitatory circuitry could alleviate maladaptive fear in relevant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wen
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuzheng Hu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tian-Le Xu
- Center for Brain Science and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Han Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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8
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Chakraborty S, Lee SK, Arnold SM, Haast RAM, Khan AR, Schmitz TW. Focal acetylcholinergic modulation of the human midcingulo-insular network during attention: Meta-analytic neuroimaging and behavioral evidence. J Neurochem 2024; 168:397-413. [PMID: 37864501 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The basal forebrain cholinergic neurons provide acetylcholine to the cortex via large projections. Recent molecular imaging work in humans indicates that the cortical cholinergic innervation is not uniformly distributed, but rather may disproportionately innervate cortical areas relevant to supervisory attention. In this study, we therefore reexamined the spatial relationship between acetylcholinergic modulation and attention in the human cortex using meta-analytic strategies targeting both pharmacological and non-pharmacological neuroimaging studies. We found that pharmaco-modulation of acetylcholine evoked both increased activity in the anterior cingulate and decreased activity in the opercular and insular cortex. In large independent meta-analyses of non-pharmacological neuroimaging research, we demonstrate that during attentional engagement these cortical areas exhibit (1) task-related co-activation with the basal forebrain, (2) task-related co-activation with one another, and (3) spatial overlap with dense cholinergic innervations originating from the basal forebrain, as estimated by multimodal positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, we provide meta-analytic evidence that pharmaco-modulation of acetylcholine also induces a speeding of responses to targets with no apparent tradeoff in accuracy. In sum, we demonstrate in humans that acetylcholinergic modulation of midcingulo-insular hubs of the ventral attention/salience network via basal forebrain afferents may coordinate selection of task relevant information, thereby facilitating cognition and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudesna Chakraborty
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sun Kyun Lee
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah M Arnold
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roy A M Haast
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- CRMBM, CNRS UMR 7339, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Ali R Khan
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taylor W Schmitz
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Hu Y, Du W, Qi J, Luo H, Zhang Z, Luo M, Wang Y. Comparative brain-wide mapping of ketamine- and isoflurane-activated nuclei and functional networks in the mouse brain. eLife 2024; 12:RP88420. [PMID: 38512722 PMCID: PMC10957177 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ketamine (KET) and isoflurane (ISO) are two widely used general anesthetics, yet their distinct and shared neurophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the effects of KET and ISO on c-Fos expression across the mouse brain, utilizing hierarchical clustering and c-Fos-based functional network analysis to evaluate the responses of individual brain regions to each anesthetic. Our findings reveal that KET activates a wide range of brain regions, notably in the cortical and subcortical nuclei involved in sensory, motor, emotional, and reward processing, with the temporal association areas (TEa) as a strong hub, suggesting a top-down mechanism affecting consciousness by primarily targeting higher order cortical networks. In contrast, ISO predominantly influences brain regions in the hypothalamus, impacting neuroendocrine control, autonomic function, and homeostasis, with the locus coeruleus (LC) as a connector hub, indicating a bottom-up mechanism in anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. KET and ISO both activate brain areas involved in sensory processing, memory and cognition, reward and motivation, as well as autonomic and homeostatic control, highlighting their shared effects on various neural pathways. In conclusion, our results highlight the distinct but overlapping effects of KET and ISO, enriching our understanding of the mechanisms underlying general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjie Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiangtao Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huoqing Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengqiang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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10
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Mishra W, Kheradpezhouh E, Arabzadeh E. Activation of M1 cholinergic receptors in mouse somatosensory cortex enhances information processing and detection behaviour. Commun Biol 2024; 7:3. [PMID: 38168628 PMCID: PMC10761830 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05699-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
To optimise sensory representations based on environmental demands, the activity of cortical neurons is regulated by neuromodulators such as Acetylcholine (ACh). ACh is implicated in cognitive functions including attention, arousal and sleep cycles. However, it is not clear how specific ACh receptors shape the activity of cortical neurons in response to sensory stimuli. Here, we investigate the role of a densely expressed muscarinic ACh receptor M1 in information processing in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex and its influence on the animal's sensitivity to detect vibrotactile stimuli. We show that M1 activation results in faster and more reliable neuronal responses, manifested by a significant reduction in response latencies and the trial-to-trial variability. At the population level, M1 activation reduces the network synchrony, and thus enhances the capacity of cortical neurons in conveying sensory information. Consistent with the neuronal findings, we show that M1 activation significantly improves performances in a vibriotactile detection task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wricha Mishra
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ehsan Kheradpezhouh
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ehsan Arabzadeh
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
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11
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Li B, Ma C, Huang YA, Ding X, Silverman D, Chen C, Darmohray D, Lu L, Liu S, Montaldo G, Urban A, Dan Y. Circuit mechanism for suppression of frontal cortical ignition during NREM sleep. Cell 2023; 186:5739-5750.e17. [PMID: 38070510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Conscious perception is greatly diminished during sleep, but the underlying circuit mechanism is poorly understood. We show that cortical ignition-a brain process shown to be associated with conscious awareness in humans and non-human primates-is strongly suppressed during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep in mice due to reduced cholinergic modulation and rapid inhibition of cortical responses. Brain-wide functional ultrasound imaging and cell-type-specific calcium imaging combined with optogenetics showed that activity propagation from visual to frontal cortex is markedly reduced during NREM sleep due to strong inhibition of frontal pyramidal neurons. Chemogenetic activation and inactivation of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons powerfully increased and decreased visual-to-frontal activity propagation, respectively. Furthermore, although multiple subtypes of dendrite-targeting GABAergic interneurons in the frontal cortex are more active during wakefulness, soma-targeting parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are more active during sleep. Chemogenetic manipulation of parvalbumin interneurons showed that sleep/wake-dependent cortical ignition is strongly modulated by perisomatic inhibition of pyramidal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Chenyan Ma
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yun-An Huang
- Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, VIB, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xinlu Ding
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel Silverman
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Changwan Chen
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dana Darmohray
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lihui Lu
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Siqi Liu
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Gabriel Montaldo
- Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, VIB, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alan Urban
- Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, VIB, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yang Dan
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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12
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Troppoli TA, Yang C, Katsuki F, Uygun DS, Lin I, Aguilar D, Spratt T, Basheer R, McNally JM, Chan CS, McKenna JT, Brown RE. Neuronal PAS domain 1 identifies a major subpopulation of wakefulness-promoting GABAergic neurons in basal forebrain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.09.566065. [PMID: 37986953 PMCID: PMC10659409 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.09.566065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe a novel group of basal forebrain (BF) neurons expressing neuronal PAS domain 1 (Npas1), a developmental transcription factor linked to neuropsychiatric disorders. Immunohistochemical staining in Npas1-cre-2A-TdTomato mice revealed BF Npas1 + neurons are distinct from well-studied parvalbumin or cholinergic neurons. Npas1 staining in GAD67-GFP knock-in mice confirmed that the vast majority of Npas1 + neurons are GABAergic, with minimal colocalization with glutamatergic neurons in vGlut1-cre-tdTomato or vGlut2-cre-tdTomato mice. The density of Npas1 + neurons was high, 5-6 times that of neighboring cholinergic, parvalbumin or glutamatergic neurons. Anterograde tracing identified prominent projections of BF Npas1 + neurons to brain regions involved in sleep-wake control, motivated behaviors and olfaction such as the lateral hypothalamus, lateral habenula, nucleus accumbens shell, ventral tegmental area and olfactory bulb. Chemogenetic activation of BF Npas1 + neurons in the light (inactive) period increased the amount of wakefulness and the latency to sleep for 2-3 hr, due to an increase in long wake bouts and short NREM sleep bouts. Non-REM slow-wave (0-1.5 Hz) and sigma (9-15 Hz) power, as well as sleep spindle density, amplitude and duration, were reduced, reminiscent of findings in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Together with previous findings implicating BF Npas1 + neurons in stress responsiveness, the anatomical projections of BF Npas1 + neurons and the effect of activating them suggest a possible role for BF Npas1 + neurons in motivationally-driven wakefulness and stress-induced insomnia. Identification of this major subpopulation of BF GABAergic neurons will facilitate studies of their role in sleep disorders, dementia and other neuropsychiatric conditions involving BF. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We characterize a group of basal forebrain (BF) neurons in the mouse expressing neuronal PAS domain 1 (Npas1), a developmental transcription factor linked to neuropsychiatric disorders. BF Npas1 + neurons are a major subset of GABAergic neurons distinct and more numerous than cholinergic, parvalbumin or glutamate neurons. BF Npas1 + neurons target brain areas involved in arousal, motivation and olfaction. Activation of BF Npas1 + neurons in the light (inactive) period increased wakefulness and the latency to sleep due to increased long wake bouts. Non-REM sleep slow waves and spindles were reduced reminiscent of findings in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Identification of this major subpopulation of BF GABAergic wake-promoting neurons will allow studies of their role in insomnia, dementia and other conditions involving BF.
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13
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Zhang XW, Chen L, Chen CF, Cheng J, Zhang PP, Wang LC. Dexmedetomidine modulates neuronal activity of horizontal limbs of diagonal band via α2 adrenergic receptor in mice. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:327. [PMID: 37784079 PMCID: PMC10544551 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely used in clinical sedation which has little effect on cardiopulmonary inhibition, however the mechanism remains to be elucidated. The basal forebrain (BF) is a key nucleus that controls sleep-wake cycle. The horizontal limbs of diagonal bundle (HDB) is one subregions of the BF. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the possible mechanism of DEX is through the α2 adrenergic receptor of BF (HDB). METHODS In this study, we investigated the effects of DEX on the BF (HDB) by using whole cell patch clamp recordings. The threshold stimulus intensity, the inter-spike-intervals (ISIs) and the frequency of action potential firing in the BF (HDB) neurons were recorded by application of DEX (2 µM) and co-application of a α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine (PHEN) (10 µM). RESULTS DEX (2 µM) increased the threshold stimulus intensity, inhibited the frequency of action potential firing and enlarged the inter-spike-interval (ISI) in the BF (HDB) neurons. These effects were reversed by co-application of PHEN (10 µM). CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings revealed DEX decreased the discharge activity of BF (HDB) neuron via α2 adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Departments of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 230031, Hefei, China
| | - Chang-Feng Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Ping-Ping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Lie-Cheng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 230032, Hefei, China.
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14
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Venegas JP, Navarrete M, Orellana-Garcia L, Rojas M, Avello-Duarte F, Nunez-Parra A. Basal Forebrain Modulation of Olfactory Coding In Vivo. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2023; 16:62-86. [PMID: 38106956 PMCID: PMC10723750 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.6486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory perception is one of the most fundamental brain functions, allowing individuals to properly interact and adapt to a constantly changing environment. This process requires the integration of bottom-up and topdown neuronal activity, which is centrally mediated by the basal forebrain, a brain region that has been linked to a series of cognitive processes such as attention and alertness. Here, we review the latest research using optogenetic approaches in rodents and in vivo electrophysiological recordings that are shedding light on the role of this region, in regulating olfactory processing and decisionmaking. Moreover, we summarize evidence highlighting the anatomical and physiological differences in the basal forebrain of individuals with autism spectrum disorder, which could underpin the sensory perception abnormalities they exhibit, and propose this research line as a potential opportunity to understand the neurobiological basis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Venegas
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Marcela Navarrete
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Laura Orellana-Garcia
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Marcelo Rojas
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Felipe Avello-Duarte
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
| | - Alexia Nunez-Parra
- Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Chile, Chile.Universidad de ChileUniversity of ChileChile
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15
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Zhang Q, Jing W, Wu S, Zhu M, Jiang J, Liu X, Yu D, Cheng L, Feng B, Wen J, Xiong F, Lu Y, Du H. Development of a synchronous recording and photo-stimulating electrode in multiple brain neurons. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1195095. [PMID: 37383109 PMCID: PMC10293621 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1195095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of brain networks and neural circuits involves the crucial aspects of observing and modulating neurophysiological activity. Recently, opto-electrodes have emerged as an efficient tool for electrophysiological recording and optogenetic stimulation, which has greatly facilitated the analysis of neural coding. However, implantation and electrode weight control have posed significant challenges in achieving long-term and multi-regional brain recording and stimulation. To address this issue, we have developed a mold and custom-printed circuit board-based opto-electrode. We report successful opto-electrode placement and high-quality electrophysiological recordings from the default mode network (DMN) of the mouse brain. This novel opto-electrode facilitates synchronous recording and stimulation in multiple brain regions and holds promise for advancing future research on neural circuits and networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiping Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengzheng Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingrui Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dian Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianbin Wen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Youming Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiyun Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Wuhan, China
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16
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Zhu F, Elnozahy S, Lawlor J, Kuchibhotla KV. The cholinergic basal forebrain provides a parallel channel for state-dependent sensory signaling to auditory cortex. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:810-819. [PMID: 36973512 PMCID: PMC10625791 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cholinergic basal forebrain (CBF) signaling exhibits multiple timescales of activity with classic slow signals related to brain and behavioral states and fast, phasic signals reflecting behavioral events, including movement, reinforcement and sensory-evoked responses. However, it remains unknown whether sensory cholinergic signals target the sensory cortex and how they relate to local functional topography. Here we used simultaneous two-channel, two-photon imaging of CBF axons and auditory cortical neurons to reveal that CBF axons send a robust, nonhabituating and stimulus-specific sensory signal to the auditory cortex. Individual axon segments exhibited heterogeneous but stable tuning to auditory stimuli allowing stimulus identity to be decoded from population activity. However, CBF axons displayed no tonotopy and their frequency tuning was uncoupled from that of nearby cortical neurons. Chemogenetic suppression revealed the auditory thalamus as a major source of auditory information to the CBF. Finally, slow fluctuations in cholinergic activity modulated the fast, sensory-evoked signals in the same axons, suggesting that a multiplexed combination of fast and slow signals is projected from the CBF to the auditory cortex. Taken together, our work demonstrates a noncanonical function of the CBF as a parallel channel for state-dependent sensory signaling to the sensory cortex that provides repeated representations of a broad range of sound stimuli at all points on the tonotopic map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchen Zhu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Elnozahy
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Lawlor
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kishore V Kuchibhotla
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Guo H, Jiang JB, Xu W, Zhang MT, Chen H, Shi HY, Wang L, He M, Lazarus M, Li SQ, Huang ZL, Qu WM. Parasubthalamic calretinin neurons modulate wakefulness associated with exploration in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2346. [PMID: 37095092 PMCID: PMC10126000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The parasubthalamic nucleus (PSTN) is considered to be involved in motivation, feeding and hunting, all of which are highly depending on wakefulness. However, the roles and underlying neural circuits of the PSTN in wakefulness remain unclear. Neurons expressing calretinin (CR) account for the majority of PSTN neurons. In this study in male mice, fiber photometry recordings showed that the activity of PSTNCR neurons increased at the transitions from non-rapid eye movement (non-REM, NREM) sleep to either wakefulness or REM sleep, as well as exploratory behavior. Chemogenetic and optogenetic experiments demonstrated that PSTNCR neurons were necessary for initiating and/or maintaining arousal associated with exploration. Photoactivation of projections of PSTNCR neurons revealed that they regulated exploration-related wakefulness by innervating the ventral tegmental area. Collectively, our findings indicate that PSTNCR circuitry is essential for the induction and maintenance of the awake state associated with exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mu-Tian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huan-Ying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPIIIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shan-Qun Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Wei-Min Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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18
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Ananth MR, Rajebhosale P, Kim R, Talmage DA, Role LW. Basal forebrain cholinergic signalling: development, connectivity and roles in cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:233-251. [PMID: 36823458 PMCID: PMC10439770 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine plays an essential role in fundamental aspects of cognition. Studies that have mapped the activity and functional connectivity of cholinergic neurons have shown that the axons of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons innervate the pallium with far more topographical and functional organization than was historically appreciated. Together with the results of studies using new probes that allow release of acetylcholine to be detected with high spatial and temporal resolution, these findings have implicated cholinergic networks in 'binding' diverse behaviours that contribute to cognition. Here, we review recent findings on the developmental origins, connectivity and function of cholinergic neurons, and explore the participation of cholinergic signalling in the encoding of cognition-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala R Ananth
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Prithviraj Rajebhosale
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Talmage
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorna W Role
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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19
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Menon V, Cerri D, Lee B, Yuan R, Lee SH, Shih YYI. Optogenetic stimulation of anterior insular cortex neurons in male rats reveals causal mechanisms underlying suppression of the default mode network by the salience network. Nat Commun 2023; 14:866. [PMID: 36797303 PMCID: PMC9935890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The salience network (SN) and default mode network (DMN) play a crucial role in cognitive function. The SN, anchored in the anterior insular cortex (AI), has been hypothesized to modulate DMN activity during stimulus-driven cognition. However, the causal neural mechanisms underlying changes in DMN activity and its functional connectivity with the SN are poorly understood. Here we combine feedforward optogenetic stimulation with fMRI and computational modeling to dissect the causal role of AI neurons in dynamic functional interactions between SN and DMN nodes in the male rat brain. Optogenetic stimulation of Chronos-expressing AI neurons suppressed DMN activity, and decreased AI-DMN and intra-DMN functional connectivity. Our findings demonstrate that feedforward optogenetic stimulation of AI neurons induces dynamic suppression and decoupling of the DMN and elucidates previously unknown features of rodent brain network organization. Our study advances foundational knowledge of causal mechanisms underlying dynamic cross-network interactions and brain network switching.
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Grants
- R01 MH121069 NIMH NIH HHS
- P50 HD103573 NICHD NIH HHS
- T32 AA007573 NIAAA NIH HHS
- R01 NS091236 NINDS NIH HHS
- R01 MH126518 NIMH NIH HHS
- S10 MH124745 NIMH NIH HHS
- U01 AA020023 NIAAA NIH HHS
- R01 MH111429 NIMH NIH HHS
- S10 OD026796 NIH HHS
- R01 NS086085 NINDS NIH HHS
- R01 EB022907 NIBIB NIH HHS
- P60 AA011605 NIAAA NIH HHS
- RF1 NS086085 NINDS NIH HHS
- RF1 MH117053 NIMH NIH HHS
- This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH121069 to V.M., and R01MH126518, RF1MH117053, R01MH111429, S10MH124745 to Y.-Y.I.S.), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P60AA011605 and U01AA020023 to Y.-Y.I.S., T32AA007573 to D.C.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS086085 to V.M., R01NS091236 to Y.-Y.I.S.), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD103573 to Y.-Y.I.S.), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB022907 to V.M.), and National Institute of Health Office of the Director (S10OD026796 to Y.-Y.I.S.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Domenic Cerri
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Byeongwook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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20
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Peng W, Liu X, Ma G, Wu Z, Wang Z, Fei X, Qin M, Wang L, Li Y, Zhang S, Xu M. Adenosine-independent regulation of the sleep-wake cycle by astrocyte activity. Cell Discov 2023; 9:16. [PMID: 36746933 PMCID: PMC9902472 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00498-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes play a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake behavior, and adenosine signaling is generally thought to be involved. Here we show multiple lines of evidence supporting that modulation of the sleep-wake behavior by astrocyte Ca2+ activity could occur without adenosine signaling. In the basal forebrain and the brainstem, two brain regions that are known to be essential for sleep-wake regulation, chemogenetically-induced astrocyte Ca2+ elevation significantly modulated the sleep-wake cycle. Although astrocyte Ca2+ level positively correlated with the amount of extracellular adenosine, as revealed by a genetically encoded adenosine sensor, we found no detectable change in adenosine level after suppressing astrocyte Ca2+ elevation, and transgenic mice lacking one of the major extracellular ATP-adenosine conversion enzymes showed similar extracellular adenosine level and astrocyte Ca2+-induced sleep modulation. Furthermore, astrocyte Ca2+ is dependent primarily on local neuronal activity, causing brain region-specific regulation of the sleep-wake cycle. Thus, neural activity-dependent astrocyte activity could regulate the sleep-wake behavior independent of adenosine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Peng
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaotong Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guofen Ma
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Qin
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lizhao Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong Li
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shangha, China.
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21
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Yao S, Wang Q, Hirokawa KE, Ouellette B, Ahmed R, Bomben J, Brouner K, Casal L, Caldejon S, Cho A, Dotson NI, Daigle TL, Egdorf T, Enstrom R, Gary A, Gelfand E, Gorham M, Griffin F, Gu H, Hancock N, Howard R, Kuan L, Lambert S, Lee EK, Luviano J, Mace K, Maxwell M, Mortrud MT, Naeemi M, Nayan C, Ngo NK, Nguyen T, North K, Ransford S, Ruiz A, Seid S, Swapp J, Taormina MJ, Wakeman W, Zhou T, Nicovich PR, Williford A, Potekhina L, McGraw M, Ng L, Groblewski PA, Tasic B, Mihalas S, Harris JA, Cetin A, Zeng H. A whole-brain monosynaptic input connectome to neuron classes in mouse visual cortex. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:350-364. [PMID: 36550293 PMCID: PMC10039800 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Identification of structural connections between neurons is a prerequisite to understanding brain function. Here we developed a pipeline to systematically map brain-wide monosynaptic input connections to genetically defined neuronal populations using an optimized rabies tracing system. We used mouse visual cortex as the exemplar system and revealed quantitative target-specific, layer-specific and cell-class-specific differences in its presynaptic connectomes. The retrograde connectivity indicates the presence of ventral and dorsal visual streams and further reveals topographically organized and continuously varying subnetworks mediated by different higher visual areas. The visual cortex hierarchy can be derived from intracortical feedforward and feedback pathways mediated by upper-layer and lower-layer input neurons. We also identify a new role for layer 6 neurons in mediating reciprocal interhemispheric connections. This study expands our knowledge of the visual system connectomes and demonstrates that the pipeline can be scaled up to dissect connectivity of different cell populations across the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenqin Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Quanxin Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karla E Hirokawa
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Linzy Casal
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Andy Cho
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Tom Egdorf
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Amanda Gary
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hong Gu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Leonard Kuan
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kyla Mace
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kat North
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Sam Seid
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jackie Swapp
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas Zhou
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Philip R Nicovich
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Medea McGraw
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Julie A Harris
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Cetin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- CNC Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
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22
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Chen W. Neural circuits provide insights into reward and aversion. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:1002485. [PMID: 36389177 PMCID: PMC9650032 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.1002485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive changes in the neural circuits associated with reward and aversion result in some common symptoms, such as drug addiction, anxiety, and depression. Historically, the study of these circuits has been hampered by technical limitations. In recent years, however, much progress has been made in understanding the neural mechanisms of reward and aversion owing to the development of technologies such as cell type-specific electrophysiology, neuronal tracing, and behavioral manipulation based on optogenetics. The aim of this paper is to summarize the latest findings on the mechanisms of the neural circuits associated with reward and aversion in a review of previous studies with a focus on the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and basal forebrain (BF). These findings may inform efforts to prevent and treat mental illnesses associated with dysfunctions of the brain's reward and aversion system.
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23
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Han Z, Luo N, Wu Y, Kou J, Ma W, Yang X, Cai Y, Ma L, Han L, Wang X, Qin H, Shi Q, Wang J, Ye C, Lin K, Xu F. AAV13 Enables Precise Targeting of Local Neural Populations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12806. [PMID: 36361595 PMCID: PMC9653909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As powerful tools for local gene delivery, adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are widely used for neural circuit studies and therapeutical purposes. However, most of them have the characteristics of large diffusion range and retrograde labeling, which may result in off-target transduction during in vivo application. Here, in order to achieve precise gene delivery, we screened AAV serotypes that have not been commonly used as gene vectors and found that AAV13 can precisely transduce local neurons in the brain, with a smaller diffusion range than AAV2 and rigorous anterograde labeling. Then, AAV13-based single-viral and dual-viral strategies for sparse labeling of local neurons in the brains of C57BL/6 or Cre transgenic mice were developed. Additionally, through the neurobehavioral test in the ventral tegmental area, we demonstrated that AAV13 was validated for functional monitoring by means of carrying Cre recombinase to drive the expression of Cre-dependent calcium-sensitive indicator. In summary, our study provides AAV13-based toolkits for precise local gene delivery, which can be used for in situ small nuclei targeting, sparse labeling and functional monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengpeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nengsong Luo
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaxin Kou
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuxiang Cai
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Han
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiujie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hualing Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaohui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kunzhang Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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24
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Zhou P, Liu P, Zhang Y, Wang D, Li A. The Response Dynamics and Function of Cholinergic and GABAergic Neurons in the Basal Forebrain During Olfactory Learning. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:911439. [PMID: 35966196 PMCID: PMC9363711 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.911439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of neural circuits is essential for flexible sensory perception and decision-making in a changing environment. Cholinergic and GABAergic projections to the olfactory system from the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca (HDB) in the basal forebrain are crucial for odor detection and olfactory learning. Although studies have demonstrated that HDB neurons respond during olfactory learning, how cholinergic and GABAergic neurons differ in their response dynamics and roles in olfactory learning remains unclear. In this study, we examined the response profiles of these two subpopulations of neurons during passive odor exposure and associative olfactory learning. We show that the excitatory responses in both cholinergic and GABAergic neurons tended to habituate during repeated passive odor exposure. However, while these habituated responses were also observed in GABAergic neurons during a go-go task, there was no such habituation in cholinergic neurons. Moreover, the responses to S+ and S− trials diverged in cholinergic neurons once mice learned a go/no-go task. Furthermore, the chemogenetic inactivation of cholinergic neurons in the HDB impaired odor discrimination. Together, these findings suggest that cholinergic neurons in the HDB reflect attention to positive reinforcement and may regulate odor discrimination via top–down inputs to the olfactory system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anan Li
- *Correspondence: Dejuan Wang Anan Li
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25
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Ren C, Peng K, Yang R, Liu W, Liu C, Komiyama T. Global and subtype-specific modulation of cortical inhibitory neurons regulated by acetylcholine during motor learning. Neuron 2022; 110:2334-2350.e8. [PMID: 35584693 PMCID: PMC9308684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory neurons (INs) consist of distinct subtypes with unique functions. Previous studies on INs mainly focused on single brain regions, and thus it remains unclear whether the modulation of IN subtypes occurs globally across multiple regions. Here, we monitored the activity of different cortical IN subtypes at both macroscale and microscale in mice learning a lever-press task. Learning evoked a global modulation of IN subtypes throughout the cortex. The initial learning phase involved strong activation of vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing INs (VIP-INs) and weak activation of somatostatin-expressing INs (SOM-INs). Inactivating VIP-INs increased SOM-IN activity and impaired initial learning. Concurrently, cortical cholinergic inputs from the basal forebrain were initially more active but became less engaged over learning. Manipulation of the cholinergic system impaired motor learning and differentially altered activity of IN subtypes. These results reveal that motor learning involves a global and subtype-specific modulation on cortical INs regulated by the cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ren
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kailong Peng
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ruize Yang
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Weikang Liu
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Takaki Komiyama
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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26
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Grady FS, Graff SA, Aldridge GM, Geerling JC. BoutonNet: an automatic method to detect anterogradely labeled presynaptic boutons in brain tissue sections. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:1921-1932. [PMID: 35648216 PMCID: PMC10597056 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurons emit axons, which form synapses, the fundamental unit of the nervous system. Neuroscientists use genetic anterograde tracing methods to label the synaptic output of specific neuronal subpopulations, but the resulting data sets are too large for manual analysis, and current automated methods have significant limitations in cost and quality. In this paper, we describe a pipeline optimized to identify anterogradely labeled presynaptic boutons in brain tissue sections. Our histologic pipeline labels boutons with high sensitivity and low background. To automatically detect labeled boutons in slide-scanned tissue sections, we developed BoutonNet. This detector uses a two-step approach: an intensity-based method proposes possible boutons, which are checked by a neural network-based confirmation step. BoutonNet was compared to expert annotation on a separate validation data set and achieved a result within human inter-rater variance. This open-source technique will allow quantitative analysis of the fundamental unit of the brain on a whole-brain scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fillan S Grady
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, PBDB 1320, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Shantelle A Graff
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, PBDB 1320, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Georgina M Aldridge
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, PBDB 1320, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
| | - Joel C Geerling
- Department of Neurology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, PBDB 1320, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
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27
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Frankowski JC, Tierno A, Pavani S, Cao Q, Lyon DC, Hunt RF. Brain-wide reconstruction of inhibitory circuits after traumatic brain injury. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3417. [PMID: 35701434 PMCID: PMC9197933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fundamental importance of understanding the brain's wiring diagram, our knowledge of how neuronal connectivity is rewired by traumatic brain injury remains remarkably incomplete. Here we use cellular resolution whole-brain imaging to generate brain-wide maps of the input to inhibitory neurons in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. We find that somatostatin interneurons are converted into hyperconnected hubs in multiple brain regions, with rich local network connections but diminished long-range inputs, even at areas not directly damaged. The loss of long-range input does not correlate with cell loss in distant brain regions. Interneurons transplanted into the injury site receive orthotopic local and long-range input, suggesting the machinery for establishing distant connections remains intact even after a severe injury. Our results uncover a potential strategy to sustain and optimize inhibition after traumatic brain injury that involves spatial reorganization of the direct inputs to inhibitory neurons across the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C Frankowski
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alexa Tierno
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Shreya Pavani
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Quincy Cao
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - David C Lyon
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Robert F Hunt
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Epilepsy Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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28
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Swanson JL, Chin PS, Romero JM, Srivastava S, Ortiz-Guzman J, Hunt PJ, Arenkiel BR. Advancements in the Quest to Map, Monitor, and Manipulate Neural Circuitry. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:886302. [PMID: 35719420 PMCID: PMC9204427 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.886302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural circuits and the cells that comprise them represent the functional units of the brain. Circuits relay and process sensory information, maintain homeostasis, drive behaviors, and facilitate cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Creating a functionally-precise map of the mammalian brain requires anatomically tracing neural circuits, monitoring their activity patterns, and manipulating their activity to infer function. Advancements in cell-type-specific genetic tools allow interrogation of neural circuits with increased precision. This review provides a broad overview of recombination-based and activity-driven genetic targeting approaches, contemporary viral tracing strategies, electrophysiological recording methods, newly developed calcium, and voltage indicators, and neurotransmitter/neuropeptide biosensors currently being used to investigate circuit architecture and function. Finally, it discusses methods for acute or chronic manipulation of neural activity, including genetically-targeted cellular ablation, optogenetics, chemogenetics, and over-expression of ion channels. With this ever-evolving genetic toolbox, scientists are continuing to probe neural circuits with increasing resolution, elucidating the structure and function of the incredibly complex mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Swanson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pey-Shyuan Chin
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Juan M. Romero
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Snigdha Srivastava
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joshua Ortiz-Guzman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Patrick J. Hunt
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Arenkiel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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29
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Shen L, Zhang GW, Tao C, Seo MB, Zhang NK, Huang JJ, Zhang LI, Tao HW. A bottom-up reward pathway mediated by somatostatin neurons in the medial septum complex underlying appetitive learning. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1194. [PMID: 35256596 PMCID: PMC8901785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Valence detection and processing are essential for the survival of animals and their life quality in complex environments. Neural circuits underlying the transformation of external sensory signals into positive valence coding to generate appropriate behavioral responses remain not well-studied. Here, we report that somatostatin (SOM) subtype of GABAergic neurons in the mouse medial septum complex (MS), but not parvalbumin subtype or glutamatergic neurons, specifically encode reward signals and positive valence. Through an ascending pathway from the nucleus of solitary tract and then parabrachial nucleus, the MS SOM neurons receive rewarding taste signals and suppress the lateral habenula. They contribute essentially to appetitive associative learning via their projections to the lateral habenula: learning enhances their responses to reward-predictive sensory cues, and suppressing their responses to either conditioned or unconditioned stimulus impairs acquisition of reward learning. Thus, MS serves as a critical hub for transforming bottom-up sensory signals to mediate appetitive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Guang-Wei Zhang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Can Tao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Michelle B Seo
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Nicole K Zhang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Junxiang J Huang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.,Graduate Programs in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Li I Zhang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. .,Department of Physiology & Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Huizhong W Tao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. .,Department of Physiology & Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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30
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De Saint Jan D. Target-specific control of olfactory bulb periglomerular cells by GABAergic and cholinergic basal forebrain inputs. eLife 2022; 11:71965. [PMID: 35225232 PMCID: PMC8901171 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB), the first relay for odor processing in the brain, receives dense GABAergic and cholinergic long-range projections from basal forebrain (BF) nuclei that provide information about the internal state and behavioral context of the animal. However, the targets, impact, and dynamic of these afferents are still unclear. How BF synaptic inputs modulate activity in diverse subtypes of periglomerular (PG) interneurons using optogenetic stimulation and loose cell-attached or whole-cell patch-clamp recording in OB slices from adult mice were studied in this article. GABAergic BF inputs potently blocked PG cells firing except in a minority of calretinin-expressing cells in which GABA release elicited spiking. Parallel cholinergic projections excited a previously overlooked PG cell subtype via synaptic activation of M1 muscarinic receptors. Low-frequency stimulation of the cholinergic axons drove persistent firing in these PG cells, thereby increasing tonic inhibition in principal neurons. Taken together, these findings suggest that modality-specific BF inputs can orchestrate synaptic inhibition in OB glomeruli using multiple, potentially independent, inhibitory or excitatory target-specific pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier De Saint Jan
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
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31
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Yang Q, Zhou F, Li A, Dong H. Neural Substrates for Regulation of Sleep and General Anesthesia. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:72-84. [PMID: 34906058 PMCID: PMC9199549 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211214144639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia has been successfully used in clinics for over 170 years, but its mechanisms of effect remain unclear. Behaviorally, general anesthesia is similar to sleep as it produces a reversible transition between wakefulness and the state of being unaware of one’s surroundings. A discussion regarding the common circuits of sleep and general anesthesia has been ongoing as an increasing number of sleep-arousal regulatory nuclei are reported to participate in the consciousness shift occurring during general anesthesia. Recently, with progress in research technology, both positive and negative evidence for overlapping neural circuits between sleep and general anesthesia has emerged. This article provides a review of the latest evidence on the neural substrates for sleep and general anesthesia regulation by comparing the roles of pivotal nuclei in sleep and anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an. China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an. China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an. China
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an. China
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32
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Marumo C, Nakano T. Early phase of pupil dilation is mediated by the peripheral parasympathetic pathway. J Neurophysiol 2021; 126:2130-2137. [PMID: 34851753 PMCID: PMC8715046 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00401.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Pupil diameter fluctuates in association with changes in brain states induced by the neuromodulator systems. However, it remains unclear how the neuromodulator systems control the activity of the iris sphincter (constrictor) and dilator muscles to change the pupil size. The present study compared temporal patterns of pupil dilation during movement when each muscle was pharmacologically manipulated in the human eye. When the iris sphincter muscle was blocked with tropicamide, the latency of pupil dilation was delayed and the magnitude of pupil dilation was reduced during movement. In contrast, when the iris dilator muscle was continuously stimulated with phenylephrine, the latency and magnitude of rapid pupil dilation did not differ from the untreated control eye, but sustained pupil dilation was reduced until the end of movement. These results suggest that the iris sphincter muscle, which is under the control of the parasympathetic pathway, is quickly modulated by the neuromodulator system and plays a major role in rapid pupil dilation. However, the iris dilator muscle receives signals from the neuromodulator system with a slow latency and is involved in maintaining sustained pupil dilation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY By pharmacologically manipulating the pupil dilator and constrictor muscles of human eye separately, we found that the pupil constrictor muscle is a primary controller of rapid pupil dilation upon brain arousal. However, the pupil dilator muscle, which is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system and is generally considered as a major regulator of pupil dilation, is not involved in rapid pupil dilation, but was involved in long-lasting pupil dilation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamami Nakano
- Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontiers Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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33
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Robert B, Kimchi EY, Watanabe Y, Chakoma T, Jing M, Li Y, Polley DB. A functional topography within the cholinergic basal forebrain for encoding sensory cues and behavioral reinforcement outcomes. eLife 2021; 10:e69514. [PMID: 34821218 PMCID: PMC8654357 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) project throughout the cortex to regulate arousal, stimulus salience, plasticity, and learning. Although often treated as a monolithic structure, the basal forebrain features distinct connectivity along its rostrocaudal axis that could impart regional differences in BFCN processing. Here, we performed simultaneous bulk calcium imaging from rostral and caudal BFCNs over a 1-month period of variable reinforcement learning in mice. BFCNs in both regions showed equivalently weak responses to unconditioned visual stimuli and anticipated rewards. Rostral BFCNs in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band were more responsive to reward omission, more accurately classified behavioral outcomes, and more closely tracked fluctuations in pupil-indexed global brain state. Caudal tail BFCNs in globus pallidus and substantia innominata were more responsive to unconditioned auditory stimuli, orofacial movements, aversive reinforcement, and showed robust associative plasticity for punishment-predicting cues. These results identify a functional topography that diversifies cholinergic modulatory signals broadcast to downstream brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Robert
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryBostonUnited States
| | - Eyal Y Kimchi
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryBostonUnited States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - Yurika Watanabe
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryBostonUnited States
| | - Tatenda Chakoma
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryBostonUnited States
| | - Miao Jing
- Chinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, BeijingBeijingChina
| | - Daniel B Polley
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryBostonUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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34
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Roman-Ortiz C, Guevara JA, Clem RL. GABAergic basal forebrain projections to the periaqueductal gray promote food consumption, reward and predation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22638. [PMID: 34811442 PMCID: PMC8608827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Behaviors central to the procurement and consumption of food are among those most fundamental to survival, but their inappropriate expression can lead to overeating and obesity. Nevertheless, we have a poor understanding of circuits that promote feeding independent of physiological demand. Here we demonstrate that activation of basal forebrain (BF) GABAergic neurons results in consumption of food as well as non-food items in well-fed mice, and performance of fictive eating in the absence of ingestible materials. In addition, stimulation of these cells disrupts defensive threat responses and elicits reward-like motivational effects. Finally, BF GABAergic activity triggers skilled predatory attacks of live prey and prey-like objects, but not social targets. These effects were entirely recapitulated by selective stimulation of BF GABAergic projections to the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Our results outline a potent circuit mechanism for increased feeding through recruitment of distinct but synergistic behaviors, and add to growing evidence that PAG is an important integrator of feeding-related activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciorana Roman-Ortiz
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica A Guevara
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. Francis College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Roger L Clem
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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35
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Ventral pallidum regulates the default mode network, controlling transitions between internally and externally guided behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103642118. [PMID: 34462351 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103642118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Daily life requires transitions between performance of well-practiced, automatized behaviors reliant upon internalized representations and behaviors requiring external focus. Such transitions involve differential activation of the default mode network (DMN), a group of brain areas associated with inward focus. We asked how optogenetic modulation of the ventral pallidum (VP), a subcortical DMN node, impacts task switching between internally to externally guided lever-pressing behavior in the rat. Excitation of the VP dramatically compromised acquisition of an auditory discrimination task, trapping animals in a DMN state of automatized internally focused behavior and impairing their ability to direct attention to external sensory stimuli. VP inhibition, on the other hand, facilitated task acquisition, expediting escape from the DMN brain state, thereby allowing rats to incorporate the contingency changes associated with the auditory stimuli. We suggest that VP, instant by instant, regulates the DMN and plays a deterministic role in transitions between internally and externally guided behaviors.
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36
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McNally JM, Aguilar DD, Katsuki F, Radzik LK, Schiffino FL, Uygun DS, McKenna JT, Strecker RE, Deisseroth K, Spencer KM, Brown RE. Optogenetic manipulation of an ascending arousal system tunes cortical broadband gamma power and reveals functional deficits relevant to schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3461-3475. [PMID: 32690865 PMCID: PMC7855059 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Increases in broadband cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) power in the gamma band (30-80 Hz) range have been observed in schizophrenia patients and in mouse models of schizophrenia. They are also seen in humans and animals treated with the psychotomimetic agent ketamine. However, the mechanisms which can result in increased broadband gamma power and the pathophysiological implications for cognition and behavior are poorly understood. Here we report that tonic optogenetic manipulation of an ascending arousal system bidirectionally tunes cortical broadband gamma power, allowing on-demand tests of the effect on cortical processing and behavior. Constant, low wattage optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain (BF) neurons containing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) increased broadband gamma frequency power, increased locomotor activity, and impaired novel object recognition. Concomitantly, task-associated gamma band oscillations induced by trains of auditory stimuli, or exposure to novel objects, were impaired, reminiscent of findings in schizophrenia patients. Conversely, tonic optogenetic inhibition of BF-PV neurons partially rescued the elevated broadband gamma power elicited by subanesthetic doses of ketamine. These results support the idea that increased cortical broadband gamma activity leads to impairments in cognition and behavior, and identify BF-PV activity as a modulator of this activity. As such, BF-PV neurons may represent a novel target for pharmacotherapy in disorders such as schizophrenia which involve aberrant increases in cortical broadband gamma activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M McNally
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David D Aguilar
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fumi Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leana K Radzik
- Department of Neuroscience, Stonehill College, Easton, MA, USA
| | - Felipe L Schiffino
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David S Uygun
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James T McKenna
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert E Strecker
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences/Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin M Spencer
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Jamaica Plain, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ritchie E Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, Boston, MA, USA
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37
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McKenna JT, Yang C, Bellio T, Anderson-Chernishof MB, Gamble MC, Hulverson A, McCoy JG, Winston S, Hodges E, Katsuki F, McNally JM, Basheer R, Brown RE. Characterization of basal forebrain glutamate neurons suggests a role in control of arousal and avoidance behavior. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1755-1778. [PMID: 33997911 PMCID: PMC8340131 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The basal forebrain (BF) is involved in arousal, attention, and reward processing but the role of individual BF neuronal subtypes is still being uncovered. Glutamatergic neurons are the least well-understood of the three main BF neurotransmitter phenotypes. Here we analyzed the distribution, size, calcium-binding protein content and projections of the major group of BF glutamatergic neurons expressing the vesicular glutamate transporter subtype 2 (vGluT2) and tested the functional effect of activating them. Mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the vGluT2 promoter were crossed with a reporter strain expressing the red fluorescent protein, tdTomato, to generate vGluT2-cre-tdTomato mice. Immunohistochemical staining for choline acetyltransferase and a cross with mice expressing green fluorescent protein selectively in GABAergic neurons confirmed that cholinergic, GABAergic and vGluT2+ neurons represent distinct BF subpopulations. Subsets of BF vGluT2+ neurons expressed the calcium-binding proteins calbindin or calretinin, suggesting that multiple subtypes of BF vGluT2+ neurons exist. Anterograde tracing using adeno-associated viral vectors expressing channelrhodopsin2-enhanced yellow fluorescent fusion proteins revealed major projections of BF vGluT2+ neurons to neighboring BF cholinergic and parvalbumin neurons, as well as to extra-BF areas involved in the control of arousal or aversive/rewarding behavior such as the lateral habenula and ventral tegmental area. Optogenetic activation of BF vGluT2+ neurons elicited a striking avoidance of the area where stimulation was given, whereas stimulation of BF parvalbumin or cholinergic neurons did not. Together with previous optogenetic findings suggesting an arousal-promoting role, our findings suggest that BF vGluT2 neurons play a dual role in promoting wakefulness and avoidance behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T McKenna
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Chun Yang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Thomas Bellio
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
- Stonehill College, Easton, MA, 02357, USA
| | - Marissa B Anderson-Chernishof
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Mackenzie C Gamble
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
- Stonehill College, Easton, MA, 02357, USA
| | - Abigail Hulverson
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
- Stonehill College, Easton, MA, 02357, USA
| | - John G McCoy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
- Stonehill College, Easton, MA, 02357, USA
| | - Stuart Winston
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Erik Hodges
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Fumi Katsuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - James M McNally
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Radhika Basheer
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Ritchie E Brown
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA.
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38
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Song JH, Choi W, Song YH, Kim JH, Jeong D, Lee SH, Paik SB. Precise Mapping of Single Neurons by Calibrated 3D Reconstruction of Brain Slices Reveals Topographic Projection in Mouse Visual Cortex. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107682. [PMID: 32460016 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in neuroanatomical tracing methods have helped unravel complicated neural connectivity in whole-brain tissue at single-cell resolution. However, in most cases, analysis of brain images remains dependent on highly subjective and sample-specific manual processing, preventing precise comparison across sample animals. In the present study, we introduce AMaSiNe, software for automated mapping of single neurons in the standard mouse brain atlas with annotated regions. AMaSiNe automatically calibrates misaligned and deformed slice samples to locate labeled neuronal positions from multiple brain samples into the standardized 3D Allen Mouse Brain Reference Atlas. We exploit the high fidelity and reliability of AMaSiNe to investigate the topographic structures of feedforward projections from the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual area by reconstructing rabies-virus-injected brain slices in 3D space. Our results demonstrate that distinct organization of neural projections can be precisely mapped using AMaSiNe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Song
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Information and Electronics Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochul Choi
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Hyang Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daun Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Bum Paik
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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39
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Tao S, Wang Y, Peng J, Zhao Y, He X, Yu X, Liu Q, Jin S, Xu F. Whole-Brain Mapping the Direct Inputs of Dorsal and Ventral CA1 Projection Neurons. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:643230. [PMID: 33935658 PMCID: PMC8079783 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.643230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The CA1, an important subregion of the hippocampus, is anatomically and functionally heterogeneous in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. Here, to dissect the distinctions between the dorsal (dCA1) and ventral CA1 (vCA1) in anatomical connections, we systematically analyzed the direct inputs to dCA1 and vCA1 projection neurons (PNs) with the rabies virus-mediated retrograde trans-monosynaptic tracing system in Thy1-Cre mice. Our mapping results revealed that the input proportions and distributions of dCA1 and vCA1 PNs varied significantly. Inside the hippocampal region, dCA1 and vCA1 PNs shared the same upstream brain regions, but with distinctive distribution patterns along the rostrocaudal axis. The intrahippocampal inputs to the dCA1 and vCA1 exhibited opposite trends, decreasing and increasing gradually along the dorsoventral axis, respectively. For extrahippocampal inputs, dCA1 and vCA1 shared some monosynaptic projections from certain regions such as pallidum, striatum, hypothalamus, and thalamus. However, vCA1, not dCA1, received innervations from the subregions of olfactory areas and amygdala nuclei. Characterization of the direct input networks of dCA1 and vCA1 PNs may provide a structural basis to understand the differential functions of dCA1 and vCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijue Tao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jundan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobin He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Materials and Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sen Jin
- Materials and Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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40
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Cai S, Tang AC, Luo TY, Yang SC, Yang H, Liu CX, Shu Y, Pan YC, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Yu T, Yu SY. Effect of basal forebrain somatostatin and parvalbumin neurons in propofol and isoflurane anesthesia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:792-804. [PMID: 33764684 PMCID: PMC8193699 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The basal forebrain (BF) plays an essential role in wakefulness and cognition. Two subtypes of BF gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons, including somatostatin‐expressing (GABASOM) and parvalbumin‐positive (GABAParv) neurons, function differently in mediating the natural sleep–wake cycle. Since the loss of consciousness induced by general anesthesia and the natural sleep–wake cycle probably share similar mechanisms, it is important to clarify the accurate roles of these neurons in general anesthesia procedure. Methods Based on two transgenic mouse lines expressing SOM‐IRES‐Cre and PV‐IRES‐Cre, we used a combination of genetic activation, inactivation, and chronic ablation approaches to further explore the behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) roles of BFSOM and BFParv neurons in general anesthesia. After a single intravenous injection of propofol and the induction and recovery times of isoflurane anesthesia, the anesthesia time was compared. The changes in cortical EEG under different conditions were also compared. Results Activation of BF GABASOM neurons facilitates both the propofol and isoflurane anesthesia, manifesting as a longer anesthesia duration time with propofol anesthesia and a fast induction time and longer recovery time with isoflurane anesthesia. Moreover, BF GABASOM‐activated mice displayed a greater suppression of cortical electrical activity during anesthesia, showing an increase in δ power bands or a simultaneous decrease in high‐frequency power bands. However, only a limited and nuanced effect on propofol and isoflurane anesthesia was observed with the manipulated BF GABAParv neurons. Conclusions Our results suggested that BF GABASOM neurons play a critical role in propofol and isoflurane general anesthesia, while BF GABAParv neurons appeared to have little effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ai-Chen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tian-Yuan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shao-Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cheng-Xi Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yue Shu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yun-Chao Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shou-Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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41
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Wee RWS, MacAskill AF. Biased Connectivity of Brain-wide Inputs to Ventral Subiculum Output Neurons. Cell Rep 2021; 30:3644-3654.e6. [PMID: 32187537 PMCID: PMC7090382 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ventral subiculum (vS) of the mouse hippocampus coordinates diverse behaviors through heterogeneous populations of pyramidal neurons that project to multiple distinct downstream regions. Each of these populations of neurons is proposed to integrate a unique combination of thousands of local and long-range synaptic inputs, but the extent to which this occurs remains unknown. To address this, we employ monosynaptic rabies tracing to study the input-output relationship of vS neurons. Analysis of brain-wide inputs reveals quantitative input differences that could be explained by a combination of both the identity of the downstream target and the spatial location of the postsynaptic neurons within vS. These results support a model of combined topographical and output-defined connectivity of vS inputs. Overall, we reveal prominent heterogeneity in brain-wide inputs to the vS parallel output circuitry, providing a basis for the selective control of individual projections during behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W S Wee
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andrew F MacAskill
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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42
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Zhong Q, Li A, Jin R, Zhang D, Li X, Jia X, Ding Z, Luo P, Zhou C, Jiang C, Feng Z, Zhang Z, Gong H, Yuan J, Luo Q. High-definition imaging using line-illumination modulation microscopy. Nat Methods 2021; 18:309-315. [PMID: 33649587 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The microscopic visualization of large-scale three-dimensional (3D) samples by optical microscopy requires overcoming challenges in imaging quality and speed and in big data acquisition and management. We report a line-illumination modulation (LiMo) technique for imaging thick tissues with high throughput and low background. Combining LiMo with thin tissue sectioning, we further develop a high-definition fluorescent micro-optical sectioning tomography (HD-fMOST) method that features an average signal-to-noise ratio of 110, leading to substantial improvement in neuronal morphology reconstruction. We achieve a >30-fold lossless data compression at a voxel resolution of 0.32 × 0.32 × 1.00 μm3, enabling online data storage to a USB drive or in the cloud, and high-precision (95% accuracy) brain-wide 3D cell counting in real time. These results highlight the potential of HD-fMOST to facilitate large-scale acquisition and analysis of whole-brain high-resolution datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyuan Zhong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dejie Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Jia
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhangheng Ding
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Pan Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Feng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China. .,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
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43
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Basal forebrain mediates prosocial behavior via disinhibition of midbrain dopamine neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019295118. [PMID: 33563763 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019295118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sociability is fundamental for our daily life and is compromised in major neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the neuronal circuit mechanisms underlying prosocial behavior are still elusive. Here we identify a causal role of the basal forebrain (BF) in the control of prosocial behavior via inhibitory projections that disinhibit the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons. Specifically, BF somatostatin-positive (SST) inhibitory neurons were robustly activated during social interaction. Optogenetic inhibition of these neurons in BF or their axon terminals in the VTA largely abolished social preference. Electrophysiological examinations further revealed that SST neurons predominantly targeted VTA GABA neurons rather than DA neurons. Consistently, optical inhibition of SST neuron axon terminals in the VTA decreased DA release in the nucleus accumbens during social interaction, confirming a disinhibitory action. These data reveal a previously unappreciated function of the BF in prosocial behavior through a disinhibitory circuitry connected to the brain's reward system.
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44
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Wang Y, Shen Y, Cai X, Yu J, Chen C, Tan B, Tan N, Cheng H, Fan X, Wu X, Liu J, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen Z. Deep brain stimulation in the medial septum attenuates temporal lobe epilepsy via entrainment of hippocampal theta rhythm. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:577-586. [PMID: 33502829 PMCID: PMC8025637 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), often associated with cognitive impairment, is one of the most common types of medically refractory epilepsy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) shows considerable promise for the treatment of TLE. However, the optimal stimulation targets and parameters of DBS to control seizures and related cognitive impairment are still not fully illustrated. Methods In the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of DBS in the medial septum (MS) on seizures and cognitive function in mouse acute and chronic epilepsy models. Results We found that DBS in the MS alleviated the severity of seizure activities in both kainic acid‐induced acute seizure model and hippocampal‐kindled epilepsy model. DBS showed antiseizure effects with a wide window of effective stimulation frequencies. The antiseizure effects of DBS were mediated by the hippocampal theta rhythm, as atropine, which reversed the DBS‐induced augmentation of the hippocampal theta oscillation, abolished the antiseizure effects of DBS. Further, in the kainic acid‐induced chronic TLE model, DBS in the MS not only reduced spontaneous seizures, but also improved behavioral performance in novel object recognition. Conclusion DBS in the MS is a promising approach to attenuate TLE probably through entrainment of the hippocampal theta rhythm, which may be therapeutically significant for refractory TLE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yating Shen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Cai
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Tan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heming Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinggen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Epilepsy Center, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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45
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Organizational principles of amygdalar input-output neuronal circuits. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7118-7129. [PMID: 34400771 PMCID: PMC8873025 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The amygdala, one of the most studied brain structures, integrates brain-wide heterogeneous inputs and governs multidimensional outputs to control diverse behaviors central to survival, yet how amygdalar input-output neuronal circuits are organized remains unclear. Using a simplified cell-type- and projection-specific retrograde transsynaptic tracing technique, we scrutinized brain-wide afferent inputs of four major output neuronal groups in the amygdalar basolateral complex (BLA) that project to the bed nucleus of the stria terminals (BNST), ventral hippocampus (vHPC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), respectively. Brain-wide input-output quantitative analysis unveils that BLA efferent neurons receive a diverse array of afferents with varied input weights and predominant contextual representation. Notably, the afferents received by BNST-, vHPC-, mPFC- and NAc-projecting BLA neurons exhibit virtually identical origins and input weights. These results indicate that the organization of amygdalar BLA input-output neuronal circuits follows the input-dependent and output-independent principles, ideal for integrating brain-wide diverse afferent stimuli to control parallel efferent actions. The data provide the objective basis for improving the virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders and validate the simplified cell-type- and projection-specific retrograde transsynaptic tracing method.
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46
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Matsuo K, Yabuki Y, Melki R, Bousset L, Owada Y, Fukunaga K. Crucial Role of FABP3 in αSyn-Induced Reduction of Septal GABAergic Neurons and Cognitive Decline in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E400. [PMID: 33401521 PMCID: PMC7795765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In synucleinopathies, while motor symptoms are thought to be attributed to the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein (αSyn) in nigral dopaminergic neurons, it remains to be elucidated how cognitive decline arises. Here, we investigated the effects of distinct αSyn strains on cognition and the related neuropathology in the medial septum/diagonal band (MS/DB), a key region for cognitive processing. Bilateral injection of αSyn fibrils into the dorsal striatum potently impaired cognition in mice. The cognitive decline was accompanied by accumulation of phosphorylated αSyn at Ser129 and reduction of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic but not cholinergic neurons in the MS/DB. Since we have demonstrated that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) is critical for αSyn neurotoxicity in nigral dopaminergic neurons, we investigated whether FABP3 also participates in αSyn pathology in the MS/DB and cognitive decline. FABP3 was highly expressed in GABAergic but rarely in cholinergic neurons in the MS/DB. Notably, Fabp3 deletion antagonized the accumulation of phosphorylated αSyn, decrease in GABAergic neurons, and cognitive impairment caused by αSyn fibrils. Overall, the present study indicates that FABP3 mediates αSyn neurotoxicity in septal GABAergic neurons and the resultant cognitive impairment, and that FABP3 in this subpopulation could be a therapeutic target for dementia in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yasushi Yabuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Genomic Neurology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Ronald Melki
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Luc Bousset
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; (R.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0872, Japan;
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.Y.)
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47
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Yang JH, Kwan AC. Secondary motor cortex: Broadcasting and biasing animal's decisions through long-range circuits. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 158:443-470. [PMID: 33785155 PMCID: PMC8190828 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Medial secondary motor cortex (MOs or M2) constitutes the dorsal aspect of the rodent medial frontal cortex. We previously proposed that the function of MOs is to link antecedent conditions, including sensory stimuli and prior choices, to impending actions. In this review, we focus on the long-range pathways between MOs and other cortical and subcortical regions. We highlight three circuits: (1) connections with visual and auditory cortices that are essential for predictive coding of perceptual inputs; (2) connections with motor cortex and brainstem that are responsible for top-down, context-dependent modulation of movements; (3) connections with retrosplenial cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and basal ganglia that facilitate reward-based learning. Together, these long-range circuits allow MOs to broadcast choice signals for feedback and to bias decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hau Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Alex C Kwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
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48
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Optogenetic Stimulation of Basal Forebrain Parvalbumin Neurons Activates the Default Mode Network and Associated Behaviors. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108359. [PMID: 33176133 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the basal forebrain (BF) has been associated with increased attention, arousal, and a heightened cortical representation of the external world. In addition, BF has been implicated in the regulation of the default mode network (DMN) and associated behaviors. Here, we provide causal evidence for a role of BF in DMN regulation, highlighting a prominent role of parvalbumin (PV) GABAergic neurons. The optogenetic activation of BF PV neurons reliably drives animals toward DMN-like behaviors, with no effect on memory encoding. In contrast, BF electrical stimulation enhances memory performance and increases DMN-like behaviors. BF stimulation has a correlated impact on peptide regulation in the BF and ACC, enhancing peptides linked to grooming behavior and memory functions, supporting a crucial role of the BF in DMN regulation. We suggest that in addition to enhancing attentional functions, the BF harbors a network encompassing PV GABAergic neurons that promotes self-directed behaviors associated with the DMN.
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49
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Venkatesan S, Jeoung HS, Chen T, Power SK, Liu Y, Lambe EK. Endogenous Acetylcholine and Its Modulation of Cortical Microcircuits to Enhance Cognition. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 45:47-69. [PMID: 32601996 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholine regulates the cerebral cortex to sharpen sensory perception and enhance attentional focus. The cellular and circuit mechanisms of this cholinergic modulation are under active investigation in sensory and prefrontal cortex, but the universality of these mechanisms across the cerebral cortex is not clear. Anatomical maps suggest that the sensory and prefrontal cortices receive distinct cholinergic projections and have subtle differences in the expression of cholinergic receptors and the metabolic enzyme acetylcholinesterase. First, we briefly review this anatomical literature and the recent progress in the field. Next, we discuss in detail the electrophysiological effects of cholinergic receptor subtypes and the cell and circuit consequences of their stimulation by endogenous acetylcholine as established by recent optogenetic work. Finally, we explore the behavioral ramifications of in vivo manipulations of endogenous acetylcholine. We find broader similarities than we expected between the cholinergic regulation of sensory and prefrontal cortex, but there are some differences and some gaps in knowledge. In visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortex, the cell and circuit mechanisms of cholinergic sharpening of sensory perception have been probed in vivo with calcium imaging and optogenetic experiments to simultaneously test mechanism and measure the consequences of manipulation. By contrast, ascertaining the links between attentional performance and cholinergic modulation of specific prefrontal microcircuits is more complicated due to the nature of the required tasks. However, ex vivo optogenetic manipulations point to differences in the cholinergic modulation of sensory and prefrontal cortex. Understanding how and where acetylcholine acts within the cerebral cortex to shape cognition is essential to pinpoint novel treatment targets for the perceptual and attention deficits found in multiple psychiatric and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ha-Seul Jeoung
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saige K Power
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Evelyn K Lambe
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Luo TY, Cai S, Qin ZX, Yang SC, Shu Y, Liu CX, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhou L, Yu T, Yu SY. Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Activity Modulates Isoflurane and Propofol Anesthesia. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:559077. [PMID: 33192246 PMCID: PMC7652994 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.559077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) have long been considered to be the key neurons in the regulation of cortical and behavioral arousal, and cholinergic activation in the downstream region of the BF can arouse anesthetized rats. However, whether the activation of BF cholinergic neurons can induce behavior and electroencephalogram (EEG) recovery from anesthesia is unclear. In this study, based on a transgenic mouse line expressing ChAT-IRES-Cre, we applied a fiber photometry system combined with GCaMPs expression in the BF and found that both isoflurane and propofol inhibit the activity of BF cholinergic neurons, which is closely related to the consciousness transition. We further revealed that genetic lesion of BF cholinergic neurons was associated with a markedly increased potency of anesthetics, while designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD)-activated BF cholinergic neurons was responsible for slower induction and faster recovery of anesthesia. We also documented a significant increase in δ power bands (1-4 Hz) and a decrease in β (12-25 Hz) power bands in BF cholinergic lesioned mice, while there was a clearly noticeable decline in EEG δ power of activated BF cholinergic neurons. Moreover, sensitivity to anesthetics was reduced after optical stimulation of BF cholinergic cells, yet it failed to restore wake-like behavior in constantly anesthetized mice. Our results indicate a functional role of BF cholinergic neurons in the regulation of general anesthesia. Inhibition of BF cholinergic neurons mediates the formation of unconsciousness induced by general anesthetics, and their activation promotes recovery from the anesthesia state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yuan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zai-Xun Qin
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi, China
| | - Shao-Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yue Shu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cheng-Xi Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shou-Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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