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Molnar D, La EM, Verelst F, Poston S, Graham J, Van Bellinghen LA, Curran D. Public Health Impact of the Adjuvanted RSVPreF3 Vaccine for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prevention Among Older Adults in the United States. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:827-844. [PMID: 38507143 PMCID: PMC11058166 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00939-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract disease in older adults, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. METHODS This study estimates the public health impact of vaccination with the adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine among adults aged ≥ 60 years in the United States (US). A static, multi-cohort Markov model was used to estimate RSV-related outcomes over a 3-year time horizon for scenarios with and without one-time RSV vaccination. The base-case analysis assumed the same vaccination coverage as for influenza vaccines, with key epidemiology and vaccine inputs obtained from the published literature and phase 3 clinical trial results for the adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine. Model outcomes included the clinical burden of RSV (symptomatic RSV acute respiratory illness [RSV-ARI] cases [classified as upper or lower respiratory tract disease], pneumonia complications, and mortality) and RSV-related healthcare resource use (hospitalizations, emergency department visits, outpatient visits, and antibiotic prescriptions). RESULTS In the base-case analysis, approximately 56.7 million adults aged ≥ 60 years received the vaccine, resulting in 2,954,465 fewer symptomatic RSV-ARI cases over 3 years compared with no vaccination, including 321,019 fewer X-ray confirmed pneumonia cases and 16,660 fewer RSV-related deaths. Vaccination also prevented a substantial number of RSV-related hospitalizations (203,891), emergency department visits (164,060), outpatient visits (1,577,586), and antibiotic prescriptions (1,343,915) over the 3-year period. A considerable public health impact was observed across a range of sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the potential of the adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine to substantially reduce RSV disease burden among US older adults aged ≥ 60 years.
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Curran D, Matthews S, Cabrera ES, Pérez SN, Breva LP, Rämet M, Helman L, Park DW, Schwarz TF, Melendez IMG, Schaefer A, Roy N, Stephan B, Molnar D, Kostanyan L, Powers JH, Hulstrøm V. The respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein vaccine attenuates the severity of respiratory syncytial virus-associated disease in breakthrough infections in adults ≥60 years of age. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2024; 18:e13236. [PMID: 38314063 PMCID: PMC10837780 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a contagious pathogen causing acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Symptoms range from mild upper respiratory tract infections to potentially life-threatening lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD). In adults ≥60 years old, vaccine efficacy of a candidate vaccine for older adults (RSVPreF3 OA) was 71.7% against RSV-ARI and 82.6% against RSV-LRTD (AReSVi-006/NCT04886596). We present the patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the same trial at the end of the first RSV season in the northern hemisphere (April 2022). Methods In this phase 3 trial, adults aged ≥60 years were randomized (1:1) to receive one dose of RSVPreF3 OA vaccine or placebo. PROs were assessed using InFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO), Short Form-12 (SF-12), and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaires. Peak FLU-PRO Chest/Respiratory scores during the first 7 days from ARI episode onset were compared using a Wilcoxon test. Least squares mean (LSMean) of SF-12 physical functioning (PF) and EQ-5D health utility scores were estimated using mixed effects models. Results In the RSVPreF3 OA group (N = 12,466), 27 first RSV-ARI episodes were observed versus 95 in the Placebo group (N = 12,494). Median peak FLU-PRO Chest/Respiratory scores were lower in RSVPreF3 OA (1.07) versus Placebo group (1.86); p = 0.0258. LSMean group differences for the PF and EQ-5D health utility score were 7.00 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -9.86, 23.85; p = 0.4125) and 0.0786 (95% CI: -0.0340, 0.1913; p = 0.1695). Conclusions The RSVPreF3 OA vaccine, in addition to preventing infection, attenuated the severity of RSV-associated symptoms in breakthrough infections, with trends of reduced impact on PF and health utility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mika Rämet
- Finnish Vaccine Research Tampere Finland
| | - Laura Helman
- Department of Clinical Medicine George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Dae Won Park
- Korea University Ansan Hospital Ansan Republic of Korea
| | - Tino F Schwarz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Vaccination Centre Klinikum Würzburg Mitte Würzburg Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John H Powers
- Department of Clinical Medicine George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences Washington District of Columbia USA
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Kurai D, Mizukami A, Preckler V, Verelst F, Molnar D, Matsuki T, Ho Y, Igarashi A. The potential public health impact of the respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein vaccine in people aged ≥60 years in Japan: results of a Markov model analysis. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:303-311. [PMID: 38426479 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2323128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a common respiratory pathogen, can lead to severe symptoms, especially in older adults (OA). A recently developed RSV prefusion F protein (RSVPreF3 OA) vaccine confers high protection against RSV lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) over two full RSV seasons. The aim of this study was to assess the potential public health impact of RSVPreF3 OA vaccination in the Japanese OA population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A static Markov model was used to estimate the number of symptomatic RSV cases, hospitalizations and deaths in the Japanese population aged ≥ 60 years over a 3-year time horizon. Japan-specific RSV epidemiology and healthcare resource use parameters were used; vaccine efficacy was derived from a phase 3 randomized study (AReSVi-006, NCT04886596). Vaccination coverage was set to 50%. RESULTS Without vaccination, >5 million RSV acute respiratory illness (ARI) would occur (2.5 million LRTD and 2.8 million upper respiratory tract infections) leading to ~ 3.5 million outpatient visits, >534,000 hospitalizations and ~ 25,500 RSV-related deaths over 3 years. Vaccination could prevent > 1 million RSV-ARI cases, 728,000 outpatient visits, 143,000 hospitalizations and 6,840 RSV-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS RSVPreF3 OA vaccination is projected to have a substantial public health impact by reducing RSV-related morbidity and mortality in the OA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kurai
- Department of General Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ataru Igarashi
- Department of Public Health, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Gibson E, Ollendorf DA, Simoens S, Bloom DE, Martinón-Torres F, Salisbury D, Severens JL, Toumi M, Molnar D, Meszaros K, Sohn WY, Begum N. Rule of Prevention: a potential framework to evaluate preventive interventions for rare diseases. J Mark Access Health Policy 2023; 11:2239557. [PMID: 37583879 PMCID: PMC10424616 DOI: 10.1080/20016689.2023.2239557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: The benefits of preventive interventions lack comprehensive evaluation in standard health technology assessments (HTA), particularly for rare and transmissible diseases. Objective: To identify possible considerations for future HTA using analogies between the treatment and prevention of rare diseases. Study design: An Expert panel meeting assessed whether one HTA assessment framework can be applied to assess both rare disease treatments and preventive interventions. Experts also evaluated the range of value elements currently included in HTAs and their applicability to rare, transmissible, and/or preventable diseases. Results: A broad range of value should be considered when assessing rare, transmissible disease prevention. Although standard HTA can be applied to transmissible diseases, the risk of local outbreaks and the need for large-scale prevention programs suggest a modified assessment framework, capable of incorporating prevention-specific value elements in HTAs. A 'Rule of Prevention' framework was proposed to allow broader value considerations anchored to severity, equity, and prevention benefits in decision-making for preventive interventions for rare transmissible diseases. Conclusion: The proposed prevention framework introduces an explicit initial approach to consistently assess rare transmissible diseases, and to incorporate the broader value of preventive interventions compared with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel A. Ollendorf
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies (ICRHPS), Center for the Evaluation of Value and Risk in Health (CEVR), Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven Simoens
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David E Bloom
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Department of Pediatrics, Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, University of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - David Salisbury
- Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, London, UK
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Weghuber D, Khandpur N, Boyland E, Mazur A, Frelut ML, Forslund A, Vlachopapadopoulou E, Erhardt É, Vania A, Molnar D, Ring-Dimitriou S, Caroli M, Mooney V, Forhan M, Ramos-Salas X, Pulungan A, Holms JC, O'Malley G, Baker JL, Jastreboff AM, Baur L, Thivel D. Championing the use of people-first language in childhood overweight and obesity to address weight bias and stigma: A joint statement from the European-Childhood-Obesity-Group (ECOG), the European-Coalition-for-People-Living-with-Obesity (ECPO), the International-Paediatric-Association (IPA), Obesity-Canada, the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Obesity Childhood-Obesity-Task-Force (EASO-COTF), Obesity Action Coalition (OAC), The Obesity Society (TOS) and the World-Obesity-Federation (WOF). Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13024. [PMID: 37002830 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Weghuber
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - N Khandpur
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen Universiteit, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Boyland
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Appetite & Obesity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Mazur
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department Pediatrics Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - M L Frelut
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Pediatric Practice, Albi, France
| | - A Forslund
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Vlachopapadopoulou
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital P. & A. Kyriakou, Athens, Greece
| | - É Erhardt
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - A Vania
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Clinical Researcher, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - D Molnar
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - S Ring-Dimitriou
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, Paris Lodron-University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Caroli
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Paediatrician - Nutritionist, Brindisi, Italy
| | - V Mooney
- European Coalition for People Living with Obesity (ECPO), London, UK
| | | | | | - A Pulungan
- Intnerational Pediatric Association, Marengo, Illinois, USA
| | - J C Holms
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, European Centre of Obesity Management and The HOLBAEK Study, Department of Paediatrics, Holbaek University Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark
| | - G O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Child and Adolescent Weight Management Service, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J L Baker
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A M Jastreboff
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism) and Department of Pediatrics (Pediatric Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - L Baur
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, World Obesity Federation, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Thivel
- European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Auvergne Regional Center for Human Nutrition, International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont University Auvergne Foundation, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Specialized Obesity Center Caloris, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Molnar D, Anastassopoulou A, Poulsen Nautrup B, Schmidt-Ott R, Eichner M, Schwehm M, Dos Santos G, Ultsch B, Bekkat-Berkani R, von Krempelhuber A, Van Vlaenderen I, Van Bellinghen LA. Cost-utility analysis of increasing uptake of universal seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in children aged 6 months and older in Germany. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2058304. [PMID: 35486410 PMCID: PMC9248945 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2058304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza causes many cases and related deaths in Europe annually, despite ongoing vaccination programs for older adults and people at high-risk of complications. Children have the highest risk of infection and play a key role in disease transmission. Our cost-utility analysis, based on a dynamic transmission model, estimated the impact of increasing the current vaccination coverage with inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in Germany to all (healthy and high-risk) children under 5 years of age (40% uptake), or under 18 years (40% uptake), or only high-risk children under 18 years (90% uptake). Eight influenza complications were modeled, hospitalization and death rates were based on age and risk status. All three vaccination strategies provided more health benefits than the existing vaccination situation, reducing influenza cases, complications, hospitalizations and deaths across the entire population. The strategy targeting all children under 5 years was highly cost-effective (€6/quality-adjusted life-year gained, payer perspective). The other strategies were cost saving from the payer and societal perspectives. The vaccination strategy targeting all children under 18 years was estimated to provide the most health benefits (preventing on average 1.66 million cases, 179,000 complications, 14,000 hospitalizations and 3,600 deaths due to influenza annually) and the most cost savings (annually €20.5 million and €731.3 million from payer and societal perspectives, respectively). Our analysis provides policy decision-makers with evidence supporting strategies to expand childhood influenza vaccination, to directly protect children, and indirectly all other unvaccinated age groups, in order to reduce the humanistic and economic burden on healthcare systems and society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Martin Eichner
- Epimos GmbH, Bischofsheim, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Ries M, Moulari B, Shetab Boushehri MA, Ali ME, Molnar D, Béduneau A, Pellequer Y, Lamprecht A. Adalimumab Decorated Nanoparticles Enhance Antibody Stability and Therapeutic Outcome in Epithelial Colitis Targeting. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020352. [PMID: 35214083 PMCID: PMC8879121 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract with increasing incidence worldwide. Although a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IBD has led to new therapeutic approaches, treatment options are still limited. Severe adverse events in conventional drug therapy and poor drug targeting are the main cause of early therapy failure. Nanoparticle-based targeting approaches can selectively deliver drugs to the site of inflammation and reduce the risk of side effects by decreasing systemic availability. Here, we developed a nanoparticulate platform for the delivery of the anti-TNF-α antibody adalimumab (ADA) by covalent crosslinking to the particle surface. ADA binding to nanoparticles improved the stability of ADA against proteolytic degradation in vitro and led to a significantly better therapeutic outcome in a murine colitis model. Moreover, immobilization of ADA reduced systemic exposure, which can lead to enhanced therapeutic safety. Thus, nanoparticle protein decoration constitutes a platform through which epithelial delivery of any biological of interest to the inflamed gut and hence a local treatment can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ries
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (M.R.); (M.A.S.B.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Brice Moulari
- PEPITE EA4276, University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France; (B.M.); (A.B.); (Y.P.)
| | - Maryam A. Shetab Boushehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (M.R.); (M.A.S.B.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Mohamed Ehab Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (M.R.); (M.A.S.B.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Daniel Molnar
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach, Germany;
| | - Arnaud Béduneau
- PEPITE EA4276, University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France; (B.M.); (A.B.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yann Pellequer
- PEPITE EA4276, University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France; (B.M.); (A.B.); (Y.P.)
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (M.R.); (M.A.S.B.); (M.E.A.)
- PEPITE EA4276, University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France; (B.M.); (A.B.); (Y.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-228-735243; Fax: +49-228-735268
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Beghin L, Vanhelst J, Drumez E, Kersting M, Molnar D, Kafatos A, De Henauwn S, Widhalm K, Karaglani E, Moreno L, Gottrand F. Le poids de naissance et la durée de l’allaitement maternel programment différemment la condition physique de l’adolescent. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2021.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Irwin BWJ, Wanjura CC, Molnar D, Rutter MJ, Payne MC, Chau PL. GABA receptor associated protein changes the electrostatic environment around the GABA type A receptor. Proteins 2021; 90:476-484. [PMID: 34546588 PMCID: PMC9293360 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have performed fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of the intracellular domain of a model of the GABAA receptor with and without the GABA receptor associated protein (GABARAP) bound. We have also calculated the electrostatic potential due to the receptor, in the absence and presence of GABARAP. We find that GABARAP binding changes the electrostatic properties around the GABAA receptor and could lead to increased conductivity of chloride ions through the receptor. We also find that ion motions that would result in conducting currents are observed nearly twice as often when GABARAP binds. These results are consistent with data from electrophysiological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict W J Irwin
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clara C Wanjura
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Molnar
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael J Rutter
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael C Payne
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P-L Chau
- Bioinformatique Structurale, Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA 3528, CB3I CNRS USR 3756, Paris, France
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Abstract
This paper investigates coupling between electromagnetic surface waves on parallel wires. Finite-element method (FEM)-based and analytic models are developed for single- and double-wire Sommerfeld and Goubau lines. Models are validated via measurements for Goubau lines and a comparison between the analytic and the FEM-based computations for coupled Sommerfeld- and Goubau-type lines is carried out. The measurements and calculations show remarkable agreement. The FEM-based and analytic models match remarkably well too. The results exhibit new favourable effects for surface waves propagation over multiple conductors. The short-range behaviour of the coupled wires and, consequently, the existence of an optimum separation of coupled wires is one of the most significant findings of this paper. We comment on the relevance of our results, particularly in relation to applications of high bandwidth demands and cross-coupling effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Molnar
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tobias Schaich
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Anas Al-Rawi
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.,BT Labs, Adastral Park, Martlesham Heath, IP5 3RE Ipswich, UK
| | - Mike Payne
- Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
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Schaich T, Molnar D, Al Rawi A, Payne M. Analytic modelling of a planar Goubau line with circular conductor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20754. [PMID: 33247168 PMCID: PMC7695854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Planar Goubau lines show promise as high frequency, low-loss waveguides on a substrate. However, to date only numerical simulations and experimental measurements have been performed. This paper analytically investigates the surface wave mode propagating along a planar Goubau line consisting of a perfectly conducting circular wire on top of a dielectric substrate of finite thickness but infinite width. An approximate equation for the propagation constant is derived and solved through numerical integration. The dependence of the propagation constant on various system parameters is calculated and the results agree well with full numerical simulations. In addition, the spatial distribution of the longitudinal electric field is reported and excellent agreement with a numerical simulation and previous studies is found. Moreover, validation against experimental phase velocity measurements is also reported. Finally, insights gained from the model are considered for a Goubau line with a rectangular conductor. The analytic model reveals that the propagating mode of a planar Goubau line is hybrid in contrast to the transverse magnetic mode of a classic Goubau line.
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Schmidt-Ott R, Molnar D, Anastassopoulou A, Yanni E, Krumm C, Bekkat-Berkani R, Dos Santos G, Henneke P, Knuf M, Schwehm M, Eichner M. Assessing direct and indirect effects of pediatric influenza vaccination in Germany by individual-based simulations. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 16:836-845. [PMID: 31647348 PMCID: PMC7227695 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1682843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Children have a high burden of influenza and play a central role in spreading influenza. Routinely vaccinating children against influenza may, thus, not only reduce their disease burden, but also that of the general population, including the elderly who frequently suffer severe complications. Using the published individual-based tool 4Flu, we simulated how pediatric vaccination would change infection incidence in Germany. Transmission of four influenza strains was simulated in 100,000 individuals with German demography and contact structure. After initialization with the recorded trivalent influenza vaccination coverage for 20 years (1997-2016), all vaccinations were switched to quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV). Scenarios where vaccination coverage of children (0.5-17-year-old) was increased from the current value (4.3%) to a maximum of 10-60% were compared to baseline with unchanged coverage, averaging results of 1,000 pairs of simulations over a 20-year evaluation period (2017-2036). Pediatric vaccination coverage of 10-60% annually prevented 218-1,732 (6.3-50.5%) infections in children, 204-1,961 (2.9-28.2%) in young adults and 95-868 (3.1-28.9%) in the elderly in a population of 100,000 inhabitants; overall, 34.1% of infections in the total population (3.7 million infections per year in Germany) can be prevented if 60% of all children are vaccinated annually. 4.4-4.6 vaccinations were needed to prevent one infection among children; 1.7-1.8 were needed to prevent one in the population. Enhanced pediatric vaccination prevents many infections in children and even more in young adults and the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Philipp Henneke
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency and Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Knuf
- Helios Dr Horst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | - Martin Eichner
- Epimos GmbH, Dusslingen, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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13
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Nappo A, Sparano S, Intemann T, Kourides YA, Lissner L, Molnar D, Moreno LA, Pala V, Sioen I, Veidebaum T, Wolters M, Siani A, Russo P. Dietary calcium intake and adiposity in children and adolescents: Cross-sectional and longitudinal results from IDEFICS/I.Family cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:440-449. [PMID: 30928165 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies in children and adolescents suggest that higher dairy consumption may exert a protective effect on adiposity. However, only few studies examined the association between dietary calcium intake and body mass measures with conflicting results. We evaluated the association between total dietary calcium, calcium from dairy and non-dairy sources and anthropometric indices in a large European cohort of children and adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS As many as 6,696 children belonging to the IDEFICS study were eligible for the cross-sectional analysis (Boys = 51%; age 6.0 ± 1.8 years; mean ± SD). Of these, 2,744 were re-examined six years later (Boys = 49.6%; age = 11.7 ± 1.8 years) in the framework of the I.Family study. The exposures were the baseline energy-adjusted total, dairy and non-dairy calcium intakes measured by a validated 24-h dietary recall. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the association between calcium intake and z-scores of anthropometric indices (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference, WC; sum of skinfolds, SS; fat mass index, FMI) at baseline, and their variation over the 6 years follow-up. The association of dietary calcium with the incidence of overweight/obesity was also assessed. At baseline, an inverse association between total calcium intake and all the adiposity indices was consistently observed in boys, while only SS and FMI were significant in girls. The prevalence of overweight/obesity decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) across tertiles of calcium intake, in both sexes. Over the follow-up, boys with higher baseline calcium intake value showed significantly lower increase in BMI, WC and FMI z-scores, while in girls only a lower increase in WC z-score was observed. Only in boys, the risk to become overweight/obese decreased significantly across tertiles of calcium intake. Similar results were observed by analyzing only dietary calcium from dairy, while no association was observed between non-dairy calcium and adiposity indices. CONCLUSIONS We showed in a large cohort of European children and adolescents that dietary calcium intake may play a role in the modulation of body fat in developmental age. The association between dietary calcium and adiposity indices was driven by dairy calcium, while no effect was observed for non-dairy calcium intake. The existence of a sex-related difference in the association deserves further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nappo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - S Sparano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - T Intemann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute of Statistics, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Y A Kourides
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - L Lissner
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academic, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - V Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - I Sioen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallin, Estonia
| | - M Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - A Siani
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.
| | - P Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
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14
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Graffe MIM, Pala V, De Henauw S, Eiben G, Hadjigeorgiou C, Iacoviello L, Intemann T, Jilani H, Molnar D, Russo P, Veidebaum T, Moreno LA. Dietary sources of free sugars in the diet of European children: the IDEFICS Study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:979-989. [PMID: 30949765 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report dietary free sugars consumption and their different types and food sources in European children. METHODS The present study is based on the IDEFICS study, a European multicenter cohort study in children (2-9 years old) from eight countries, comprising 8308 children (51.4% males). Dietary intake of the previous 24 h was assessed using a computer-assisted 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) and the different types of sugars were assessed using the German food composition database. RESULTS Mean total energy intake was 1720 (SD 477) kcal/d for boys and 1631 (SD 451) kcal/d for girls. Total sugars intake was 98 (SD 52) g/day for boys and 93 (SD 49) g/day for girls. Free sugars intake was 81 (SD 49) g/day for boys and 77 (SD 47) g/day for girls. Girls had significantly lower intakes of energy, total and free sugars compared with than boys but did not differ in terms of percent of energy from total (23%) or free sugars (18%). There were large variations between countries in average % energy from free sugars (ranging from 13% in Italy to 27% in Germany). Less than 20% of children were within the recommended intake of 10% of energy from free sugars. The food groups that contributed substantially to free sugars intakes were "Fruit juices", "Soft drinks", "Dairy" and "Sweets and candies". CONCLUSIONS The contribution of free sugars to total energy intake in European children is higher than recommendations. The main food contributors to free sugars intake are sweetened beverages ("Fruit juices" and "Soft drinks"). It is especially important to reduce children's intake of free sugars, focusing in target population on certain foods and food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Mesana Graffe
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain. .,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Saragossa, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain. .,Red de Salud Materno-infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), Barakaldo, Spain.
| | - V Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - G Eiben
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Biomedicine and Public Health, School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - C Hadjigeorgiou
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - L Iacoviello
- Laboratory of Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - T Intemann
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute for Public Health and Nursing- IPP, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - H Jilani
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute for Public Health and Nursing- IPP, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - P Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - T Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - L A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Saragossa, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Nagy Z, Kis Z, Molnar D, Som Z, Foldesi C, Kardos A. P352Myocardial injury biomarkers and outcomes after pulmonary vein isolation using contact force sensing radiofrequency catheter or advanced cryoballoon. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z Nagy
- Gottsegen Gyorgy Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Kis
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Molnar
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Som
- Gottsegen Gyorgy Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Foldesi
- Gottsegen Gyorgy Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Kardos
- Gottsegen Gyorgy Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary
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16
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Mesana MI, Hilbig A, Androutsos O, Cuenca-García M, Dallongeville J, Huybrechts I, De Henauw S, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Nova E, Marcos A, González-Gross M, Molnar D, Gottrand F, Moreno LA. Dietary sources of sugars in adolescents' diet: the HELENA study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:629-641. [PMID: 27896443 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report dietary sugars consumption and their different types and food sources, in European adolescents. METHODS Food consumption data of selected groups were obtained from 1630 adolescents (45.6% males, 12.5-17.5 years) from the HELENA study using two nonconsecutive 24-h recalls. Energy intake, total sugars and free sugars were assessed using the HELENA-DIAT software. Multiple regression analyses were performed adjusting for relevant confounders. RESULTS Total sugars intake (137.5 g/day) represented 23.6% and free sugars (110.1 g/day), 19% of energy intake. Girls had significantly lower intakes of energy, carbohydrates, total sugars and free sugars. 94% of adolescents had a consumption of free sugars above 10% of total energy intake. The main food contributor to free sugars was 'carbonated, soft and isotonic drinks,' followed by 'non-chocolate confectionary' and 'sugar, honey, jam and syrup.' Older boys and girls had significantly higher intakes of free sugars from 'cakes, pies and biscuits.' Free sugars intake was negatively associated with low socioeconomic status for 'non-chocolate confectionary' and 'sugar, honey and jam' groups; with low maternal educational level for carbonated and 'soft drinks,' 'sugar, honey and jam,' 'cakes and pies' and 'breakfast cereals' groups; and with high paternal educational level for 'carbonated and soft drinks' and 'chocolates' group. CONCLUSIONS The majority (94%) of studied adolescents consumed free sugars above 10% of daily energy intake. Our data indicate a broad variety in foods providing free sugars. Continued efforts are required at different levels to reduce the intake of free sugars, especially in families with a low educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Mesana
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain.
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Saragossa, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain.
- Red de Salud Materno-infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Hilbig
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE), Dortmund, Germany
| | - O Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - J Dallongeville
- Service d'Epidémiologie et Santé Publique - INSERM U1167 Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - I Huybrechts
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - S De Henauw
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Widhalm
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - E Nova
- Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften - Ernährungphysiologie, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - F Gottrand
- Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC) UMR 995 Inserm, University of Lille, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille cedex, France
| | - L A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
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17
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González-Gil EM, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Santabárbara J, Bueno-Lozano G, Iglesia I, González-Gross M, Molnar D, Gottrand F, De Henauw S, Kafatos A, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Siani A, Amaro-Gahete F, Rupérez AI, Cañada D, Censi L, Kersting M, Dallongeville J, Marcos A, Ortega FB, Moreno LA. Inflammation in metabolically healthy and metabolically abnormal adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:77-83. [PMID: 29174028 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammation may influence the cardio-metabolic profile which relates with the risk of chronic diseases. This study aimed to assess the inflammatory status by metabolic health (MH)/body mass index (BMI) category and to assess how inflammatory markers can predict the cardio-metabolic profile in European adolescents, considering BMI. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 659 adolescents (295 boys) from a cross-sectional European study were included. Adolescents were classified by metabolic health based on age- and sex-specific cut-off points for glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, high density cholesterol and BMI. C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-6), complement factors (C3, C4) and cell adhesion molecules were assessed. RESULTS Metabolically abnormal (MA) adolescents had higher values of C3 (p < 0.001) and C4 (p = 0.032) compared to those metabolically healthy (MHy). C3 concentrations significantly increased with the deterioration of the metabolic health and BMI (p < 0.001). Adolescents with higher values of CRP had higher probability of being in the overweight/obese-MH group than those allocated in other categories. Finally, high C3 and C4 concentrations increased the probability of having an unfavorable metabolic/BMI status. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic/BMI status and inflammatory biomarkers are associated, being the CRP, C3 and C4 the most related inflammatory markers with this condition. C3 and C4 were associated with the cardio-metabolic health consistently.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M González-Gil
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain.
| | - C Cadenas-Sanchez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
| | - J Santabárbara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Bueno-Lozano
- Service of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Iglesia
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Red de Salud materno-infantil y del desarrollo (SAMID), Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - F Gottrand
- Univ Lille 2, INSERM U995, CHU-Lille, France
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - A Siani
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - F Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - A I Rupérez
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - D Cañada
- ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Censi
- CREA (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics) - Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - M Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
| | - F B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
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González-Gil EM, Santabárbara J, Ruiz JR, Bel-Serrat S, Huybrechts I, Pedrero-Chamizo R, de la O A, Gottrand F, Kafatos A, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Plada M, Ferrari M, Palacios Le Blé G, Siani A, González-Gross M, Gómez-Martínez S, Marcos A, Moreno Aznar LA. Ideal cardiovascular health and inflammation in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:447-455. [PMID: 28416098 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and this process seems to appear in childhood. The ideal cardiovascular health index (ICHI) has been inversely related to atherosclerotic plaque in adults. However, evidence regarding inflammation and ICHI in adolescents is scarce. The aim is to assess the association between ICHI and inflammation in European adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS As many as 543 adolescents (251 boys and 292 girls) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study, a cross-sectional multi-center study including 9 European countries, were measured. C-reactive protein (CRP), complement factors C3 and C4, leptin and white blood cell counts were used to compute an inflammatory score. Multilevel linear models and multilevel logistic regression were used to assess the association between ICHI and inflammation controlling by covariates. Higher ICHI was associated with a lower inflammatory score, as well as with several individual components, both in boys and girls (p < 0.01). In addition, adolescents with at least 4 ideal components of the ICHI had significantly lower inflammatory score and lower levels of the study biomarkers, except CRP. Finally, the multilevel logistic regression showed that for every unit increase in the ICHI, the probability of having an inflammatory profile decreased by 28.1% in girls. CONCLUSION Results from this study suggest that a better ICHI is associated with a lower inflammatory profile already in adolescence. Improving these health behaviors, and health factors included in the ICHI, could play an important role in CVD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M González-Gil
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain.
| | - J Santabárbara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group (PROFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - S Bel-Serrat
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Pedrero-Chamizo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A de la O
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - F Gottrand
- Univ Lille 2, INSERM U995, CHU, Lille, France
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Plada
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - M Ferrari
- Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - G Palacios Le Blé
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Siani
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - M González-Gross
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain; ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - L A Moreno Aznar
- GENUD "Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development" Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
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Mielgo-Ayuso J, Valtueña J, Huybrechts I, Breidenassel C, Cuenca-García M, De Henauw S, Stehle P, Kafatos A, Kersting M, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Azzini E, Molnar D, Moreno LA, González-Gross M. Fruit and vegetables consumption is associated with higher vitamin intake and blood vitamin status among European adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:458-467. [PMID: 28120854 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Current research in adults indicates that fruit and vegetable (FAV) consumption increases serum levels of vitamins C, E and folate of β-carotene and reduces homocysteine concentrations. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of FAV consumption on vitamin intakes and their impact on blood vitamin concentrations in European adolescents. SUBJECT/METHODS This multi-center cross-sectional study included 702 (53.7% females) adolescents, aged 12.50-17.49 years, from 10 European cities. Two independent self-administered 24 h dietary recalls were used to estimate the adolescent's diet. The total energy, vitamins and FAV consumption were calculated. Adolescents were categorized into three groups: (i) very low FAV intake (<200 g/day); (ii) low FAV consumption (200-399 g/day) and (iii) adequate FAV consumption (⩾400 g/day). Adolescent's fasted blood samples were taken for their analysis on vitamin concentrations. RESULTS The main results showed that those adolescents meeting the FAV recommendation, classified as FAV adequate consumers, presented higher intake of energy and some vitamins as B6, total folic acid, C, E and β-carotene compared with FAV very low consumers (P<0.05). Regarding their blood status, male adolescents who had a very low FAV consumption presented lower plasma folate, RBC folate blood concentrations compared with adequate FAV consumers (P<0.05). Female adequate FAV consumers had higher concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), plasma folate, RBC folate, vitamin C, β-carotene and α-tocopherol compared with very low and low consumers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Having a FAV dairy intake above 400 g/day is associated with higher vitamin intake and blood vitamin concentrations, especially for antioxidant and B-vitamins concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mielgo-Ayuso
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Valtueña
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon CEDEX, France
| | - C Breidenassel
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Stehle
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - M Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universitaät, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics; Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - E Azzini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome 00178, Italy
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Nagy P, Intemann T, Buck C, Pigeot I, Ahrens W, Molnar D. Percentile reference values for anthropometric body composition indices in European children from the IDEFICS study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1604-1605. [PMID: 27701402 PMCID: PMC5056956 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Labayen I, Ruiz JR, Huybrechts I, Ortega FB, Arenaza L, González-Gross M, Widhalm K, Molnar D, Manios Y, DeHenauw S, Meirhaeghe A, Moreno LA. Dietary fat intake modifies the influence of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on adiposity in adolescents: The HELENA cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:937-43. [PMID: 27514607 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) has been associated with obesity and dietary intake. The aims were: (i) To assess whether energy and macronutrient intakes were different across the FTOrs9939609 genotypes in adolescents, and (ii) to explore whether dietary fat intake modified the association of the rs9939609 polymorphism with adiposity. METHODS AND RESULTS The FTOrs9939609 polymorphism was genotyped in 652 adolescents (53% females, 14.8 ± 1.2 years, TT = 246, TA = 296, AA = 110). Energy and macronutrient intake were assessed by two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls. Weight, height, waist circumference and skinfold thicknesses were measured and body fat percent was calculated. Energy and macronutrient intake were similar across the FTOrs9939609 genotypes (P > 0.2). There were significant interactions between the FTO polymorphism and fat intake on adiposity estimates (P < 0.05). In adolescents whose fat intake was below 30% (N = 203), the A allele of rs9939609 was not associated with adiposity indices. In contrast, in adolescents whose fat intake was between 30% and 35% of energy (N = 190), the rs9939609 polymorphism was associated with a 1.9% higher body fat per risk allele (95%CI: 0.39, 3.33; P < 0.05), and in those whose fat intake was higher than 35% (N = 259), it was associated with a 2.8% higher body fat per risk allele (95%CI: 1.27, 4.43; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the concept that the deleterious effect of the FTOrs9939609 polymorphism on adiposity is exacerbated in adolescents consuming high fat diets. In contrast, the consumption of low fat diets (<30% of energy) may attenuate the genetic predisposition to obesity in risk allele carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Labayen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain; Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research Group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - J R Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France
| | - F B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - L Arenaza
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain; Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research Group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Widhalm
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - S DeHenauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Meirhaeghe
- INSERM U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, France
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Molnar D, Linders J, Mayer C, Schubert R. Insertion stability of poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesteryl-based lipid anchors in liposome membranes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 103:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zaqout M, Michels N, Bammann K, Ahrens W, Sprengeler O, Molnar D, Hadjigeorgiou C, Eiben G, Konstabel K, Russo P, Jiménez-Pavón D, Moreno LA, De Henauw S. Influence of physical fitness on cardio-metabolic risk factors in European children. The IDEFICS study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1119-25. [PMID: 26857382 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the associations of individual and combined physical fitness components with single and clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors in children. SUBJECTS/METHODS This 2-year longitudinal study included a total of 1635 European children aged 6-11 years. The test battery included cardio-respiratory fitness (20-m shuttle run test), upper-limb strength (handgrip test), lower-limb strength (standing long jump test), balance (flamingo test), flexibility (back-saver sit-and-reach) and speed (40-m sprint test). Metabolic risk was assessed through z-score standardization using four components: waist circumference, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), blood lipids (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment). Mixed model regression analyses were adjusted for sex, age, parental education, sugar and fat intake, and body mass index. RESULTS Physical fitness was inversely associated with clustered metabolic risk (P<0.001). All coefficients showed a higher clustered metabolic risk with lower physical fitness, except for upper-limb strength (β=0.057; P=0.002) where the opposite association was found. Cardio-respiratory fitness (β=-0.124; P<0.001) and lower-limb strength (β=-0.076; P=0.002) were the most important longitudinal determinants. The effects of cardio-respiratory fitness were even independent of the amount of vigorous-to-moderate activity (β=-0.059; P=0.029). Among all the metabolic risk components, blood pressure seemed not well predicted by physical fitness, while waist circumference, blood lipids and insulin resistance all seemed significantly predicted by physical fitness. CONCLUSION Poor physical fitness in children is associated with the development of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Based on our results, this risk might be modified by improving mainly cardio-respiratory fitness and lower-limb muscular strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zaqout
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Michels
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Bammann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, Faculty for Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - W Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - O Sprengeler
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - C Hadjigeorgiou
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - G Eiben
- Public Health Epidemiology Unit (EPI), Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Konstabel
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - P Russo
- Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - D Jiménez-Pavón
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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González-Gil EM, Santabárbara J, Siani A, Ahrens W, Sioen I, Eiben G, Günther K, Iacoviello L, Molnar D, Risé P, Russo P, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Galli C, Moreno LA. Whole-blood fatty acids and inflammation in European children: the IDEFICS Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 70:819-23. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Labayen I, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Davis CL, Rodríguez G, González-Gross M, Breidenassel C, Dallongeville J, Marcos A, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Molnar D, DeHenauw S, Gottrand F, Moreno LA. Liver enzymes and clustering cardiometabolic risk factors in European adolescents: the HELENA study. Pediatr Obes 2015; 10:361-70. [PMID: 25515703 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the associations of liver biomarkers with cardiometabolic risk factors and their clustering, and to provide reference values (percentiles) and cut-off points for liver biomarkers associated with high cardiometabolic risk in European adolescents. METHODS Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase to ALT ratio (AST/ALT), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were measured in 1084 adolescents. We computed a continuous cardiometabolic risk score and defined the high cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS Higher ALT and GGT and lower AST/ALT were associated with adiposity and with the number of adverse cardiometabolic risk factors (Ps < 0.05). Higher GGT and lower AST/ALT were associated with higher cardiometabolic risk score (Ps < 0.001) in males and females, and ALT only in males (Ps < 0.001). Gender- and age-specific percentiles for liver biomarkers were provided. Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed a significant discriminatory accuracy of AST/ALT in identifying the low/high cardiometabolic risk (Ps < 0.01) and thresholds were provided. CONCLUSIONS Higher GGT and lower AST/ALT are associated with higher cardiometabolic risk factors and their clustering in male and female European adolescents, whereas the associations of ALT were gender dependent. Our results suggest the usefulness of AST/ALT as a screening test in the assessment of adolescents with high cardiometabolic risk and provide gender- and age-specific thresholds that might be of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Labayen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROFITH 'PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - F B Ortega
- PROFITH 'PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - C L Davis
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - G Rodríguez
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Health Research Institute of Aragon (IIS Aragón), Aragon, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Breidenassel
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Dallongeville
- INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UDSL, Lille, France
| | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - K Widhalm
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Kafatos
- University of Crete School of Medicine, Greece
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - S DeHenauw
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Gottrand
- Inserm U995, Pediatric Department, Lille University Hospital and University Lille 2, France
| | - L A Moreno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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de Moraes ACF, Fernandez-Alvira JM, Carvalho HB, Meirhaeghe-Hurez A, Dallongeville J, Kafatos A, Molnar D, Manios Y, Labayen I, Ruiz JR, Widhalm K, Breidenassel C, Gonzalez-Gross M, Moreno LA. Attenuation of the Effect of the MTHFR and NOS3 Polymorphism on Blood Pressure by Physical Activity in European Adolescents. The HELENA Study. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv097.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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De Henauw S, Michels N, Vyncke K, Hebestreit A, Russo P, Intemann T, Peplies J, Fraterman A, Eiben G, de Lorgeril M, Tornaritis M, Molnar D, Veidebaum T, Ahrens W, Moreno L. Blood lipids among young children in Europe. Results from the European IDEFICS study. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nagy P, Kovacs E, Molnar D. Europe-specific percentile reference values for anthropometric body composition indices in children of the IDEFICS study. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kovacs E, Pohlabeln H, Ahrens W, Molnar D. Differences in adherence to the obesity-related lifestyle intervention targets in the metabolically unhealthy population of the IDEFICS study. Appetite 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Morice C, Artacho E, Dutton SE, Molnar D, Kim HJ, Saxena SS. Effects of stoichiometric doping in superconducting Bi-O-S compounds. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:135501. [PMID: 25765174 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/13/135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Newly discovered Bi-O-S compounds remain an enigma in attempts to understand their electronic properties. A recent study of Bi4O4S3 has shown it to be a mixture of two phases, Bi2OS2 and Bi3O2S3, the latter being superconducting (Phelan et al 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 5372-4). Using density functional theory, we explore the electronic structure of both the phases and the effect of the introduction of extra BiS2 bilayers. Our results demonstrate that the S2 layers dope the bismuth-sulphur bands and this causes metallisation. The bands at the Fermi level are of clear two-dimensional character. One band manifold is confined to the two adjacent, square-lattice bismuth-sulphur planes, a second manifold is confined to the square lattice of sulphur dimers. We show that the introduction of extra BiS2 bilayers does not influence the electronic structure. Finally, we also show that spin-orbit coupling does not have any significant effect on the states close to the Fermi level at the energy scale considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Morice
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
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31
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Ferrari M, Cuenca-García M, Valtueña J, Moreno LA, Censi L, González-Gross M, Androutsos O, Gilbert CC, Huybrechts I, Dallongeville J, Sjöström M, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Gómez-Martínez S, de Moraes ACF, Kafatos A, Widhalm K, Leclercq C. Inflammation profile in overweight/obese adolescents in Europe: an analysis in relation to iron status. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:247-55. [PMID: 25205319 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between inflammatory parameters (CRP, c-reactive protein; AGP, α1-acid glycoprotein), iron status indicators (SF, serum ferritin; sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor) and body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in European adolescents. Differences in intake for some nutrients (total iron, haem and non-haem iron, vitamin C, calcium, proteins) were assessed according to BMI categories, and the association of nutrient intakes with BMI z-score, FM and FFM was evaluated. METHODS A total of 876 adolescents participating in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence-Cross Sectional Study were included in the study sample. RESULTS Mean CRP values (standard error; s.e.) were significantly higher in overweight/obese adolescents (1.7±0.3 and 1.4±0.3 mg/l in boys and girls, respectively) than in thin/normal-weight adolescents (1.1±0.2 and 1.0±0.1 mg/l in boys and girls, respectively) (P<0.05). For boys, mean SF values (s.e.) were significantly higher in overweight/obese adolescents (46.9±2.7 μg/l) than in thin/normal-weight adolescents (35.7±1.7 μg/l) (P<0.001), whereas median sTfR values did not differ among BMI categories for both boys and girls. Multilevel regression analyses showed that BMI z-score and FM were significantly related to CRP and AGP (P<0.05). Dietary variables did not differ significantly among BMI categories, except for the intake of vegetable proteins, which, for boys, was higher in thin/normal-weight adolescents than in overweight/obese adolescents (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The adiposity of the European adolescents was sufficient to cause chronic inflammation but not sufficient to impair iron status and cause iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrari
- CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - J Valtueña
- 1] CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy [2] ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- 1] GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, E.U. Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoaza, Spain [2] Visiting Professor, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo - Department of Preventive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Censi
- CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy
| | - M González-Gross
- 1] ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences-Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - O Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harakopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - C C Gilbert
- Department of Consumer & Sensory Sciences, Campden BRI, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - I Huybrechts
- International Agency for research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment group, Lyon, France
| | - J Dallongeville
- INSERM U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Univesité Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - M Sjöström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs-József A.7, Hungary
| | - S De Henauw
- 1] Ghent University, Department of Public Health, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium [2] University College Ghent, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Care 'Vesalius', Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Gómez-Martínez
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A C F de Moraes
- 1] GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) research group, E.U. Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoaza, Spain [2] School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo - Post-Graduate Program in Science, Department of Preventive Medicine, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - A Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescents Medicine, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Private Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Leclercq
- CRA-NUT, Agricultural Research Council-Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome, Italy
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Artero EG, España-Romero V, Jiménez-Pavón D, Martinez-Gómez D, Warnberg J, Gómez-Martínez S, González-Gross M, Vanhelst J, Kafatos A, Molnar D, De Henauw S, Moreno LA, Marcos A, Castillo MJ. Muscular fitness, fatness and inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2014; 9:391-400. [PMID: 23828843 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and fatness are mutually related with chronic inflammation. PURPOSE To examine the independent association of muscular fitness with inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents from nine European countries. METHODS A total of 639 adolescents (296 boys) aged from 12.5 to 17.5 year were included in this report. Data collection took place in 2006-2007 and analyses in 2012. A muscular fitness score was computed from handgrip strength and standing long jump. CRF was measured using the 20 m shuttle run test. Z-scores of C-reactive protein, complement factors C3 and C4, leptin and white blood cell counts were summed to create a cluster of inflammatory biomarkers. Sex, age, pubertal stage and centre were used as main confounders. Additional models were further adjusted for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and sum of four skinfolds. RESULTS Muscular fitness was negatively associated with single and clustered inflammatory biomarkers (standardized β from -0.399 to -0.100, all P-values < 0.05). Additional adjustments for CRF and HOMA-IR weakened the associations, but they still remained significant. The association was no longer significant when adjusting for skinfolds. Decreasing values of inflammatory score were observed across incremental levels of muscular fitness in both non-overweight and overweight adolescents (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with higher levels of muscular fitness present a lower chronic inflammation, and this seems to be explained by lower levels of fatness. Yet, overweight and obese adolescents may exhibit a less adverse profile if they maintain appropriate levels of muscular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Artero
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Area of Physical Education and Sport, School of Education, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Papoutsou S, Briassoulis G, Wolters M, Peplies J, Iacoviello L, Eiben G, Veidebaum T, Molnar D, Russo P, Michels N, Moreno LA, Tornaritis M. No breakfast at home: association with cardiovascular disease risk factors in childhood. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:829-34. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rousseaux J, Duhamel A, Dallongeville J, Molnar D, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Sjöström M, Kafatos A, Breidenassel C, Gonzales-Gross M, Cuenca M, Censi L, Ascensión M, De Henauw S, Moreno L, Meirhaeghe A, Gottrand F. O25 Les acides gras polyinsaturés à longue chaîne modulent l’impact du polymorphisme Pro446Leu de GCKR sur les triglycérides chez les adolescents, l’étude HELENA. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Rey-López JP, Bel-Serrat S, Santaliestra-Pasías A, de Moraes AC, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Ruiz JR, Artero EG, Martínez-Gómez D, Gottrand F, De Henauw S, Huybrechts I, Polito A, Molnar D, Manios Y, Moreno LA. Sedentary behaviour and clustered metabolic risk in adolescents: the HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:1017-1024. [PMID: 22906564 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although sedentary behaviours are linked with mortality for cardiovascular reasons, it is not clear whether they are negatively related with cardio-metabolic risk factors. The aim was to examine the association between time engaged in television (TV) viewing or playing with videogames and a clustered cardio-metabolic risk in adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Sedentary behaviours and physical activity were assessed in 769 adolescents (376 boys, aged 12.5-17.5 years) from the HELENA-CSS study. We measured systolic blood pressure, HOMA index, triglycerides, TC/HDL-c, VO₂max and the sum of four skinfolds, and a clustered metabolic risk index was computed. A multilevel regression model (by Poisson) was performed to calculate the prevalence ratio of having a clustered metabolic risk. In boys, playing >4 h/day with videogames (weekend) and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was associated with cardio-metabolic risk after adjustment for age, maternal education and MVPA. In contrast, TV viewing was not associated with the presence of cardio-metabolic risk. CONCLUSION In boys, playing with videogames may impair cardio-metabolic health during the adolescence. Adolescents should be encouraged to increase their participation in physical activity of at least moderate intensity to obtain a more favourable risk factor profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Rey-López
- GENUD Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Corona de Aragon, 42, Zaragoza E-50009, Spain.
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Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Mouratidou T, Huybrechts I, Beghin L, Cuenca-García M, Castillo MJ, Galfo M, Hallstrom L, Kafatos A, Manios Y, Marcos A, Molnar D, Plada M, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Widhalm K, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Moreno LA. Increased sedentary behaviour is associated with unhealthy dietary patterns in European adolescents participating in the HELENA study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 68:300-8. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Csernus K, Pauler G, Erhardt E, Lanyi E, Molnar D. Uncoupling protein-2 gene polymorphisms are associated with obesity in Hungarian children. Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:e200-4. [PMID: 23432701 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the frequency of common polymorphisms of genes associated with energy metabolism among normal weight and overweight/obese children to look for effects on childhood obesity. METHODS Among 709 overweight/obese and 637 normal weight children (age 6-17 years), anthropometric measurements were carried out and genotyping for the following gene polymorphisms: β3 -adrenoreceptor Trp64Arg, uncoupling protein (UCP) -1 -3826 A/G, UCP-2 -866 G/A and exon 8 del/ins, UCP-3 -55 C/T and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ Pro12Ala. RESULTS On multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age and gender heterozygosity and homozygosity for the UCP-2 -866 A variant was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for obesity of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52-0.92; p = 0.013) and 0.50 (95% CI: 0.32-0.79; p = 0.003), respectively, compared with G/G homozygotes. Heterozygotes and homozygotes for the UCP-2 exon 8 ins allele had an OR for obesity of 1.66 (95% CI: 1.24-2.23; p = 0.001) and 2.12 (95% CI: 1.23-3.63; p = 0.006), respectively, compared with del/del homozygotes. There were no significant differences in obesity risk in association with the other examined gene polymorphisms. CONCLUSION Common polymorphisms of the UCP-2 gene might influence the propensity to overweight/obesity in Hungarian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Csernus
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical Faculty; University of Pecs; Pecs; Hungary
| | - G Pauler
- Department of Information Technology; Faculty of Science; University of Pecs; Pecs; Hungary
| | - E Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical Faculty; University of Pecs; Pecs; Hungary
| | - E Lanyi
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical Faculty; University of Pecs; Pecs; Hungary
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical Faculty; University of Pecs; Pecs; Hungary
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38
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Dello Russo M, Ahrens W, De Vriendt T, Marild S, Molnar D, Moreno LA, Reeske A, Veidebaum T, Kourides YA, Barba G, Siani A. Gestational weight gain and adiposity, fat distribution, metabolic profile, and blood pressure in offspring: the IDEFICS project. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 37:914-9. [PMID: 23567926 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and total adiposity, body fat distribution, blood pressure (BP), and metabolic profile in offspring. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Body mass index (BMI), waist, subscapular and tricipital skinfolds, and BP were measured and blood samples drawn in 12 775 children (aged 2-9 years) from the IDEFICS cohort. Overweight/obesity was defined by IOTF criteria. Parents filled in a questionnaire investigating child and familiar medical history and lifestyle. A section was dedicated to pregnancy history (including GWG). RESULTS Anthropometric indices linearly and significantly increased across GWG tertiles (BMI z-score: tertile I =0.08, 0.03-0.13; tertile II =0.16, 0.12-0.21; tertile III =0.34, 0.28-0.40, P<0.01, mean, 95% CI) by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted by child sex, age and practice of sport, birth weight, current maternal BMI, parental education, gestational age, age at delivery, alcohol and smoking during pregnancy, maternal diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, and breastfeeding duration. After inclusion of BMI z-score among covariates, HbA1c significantly increased across tertiles (P=0.009) while no differences were observed for BP, serum insulin, HOMA index, blood glucose and lipids. The adjusted risk of overweight/obesity significantly increased by 14 and 22% in tertiles II and III respectively, in comparison with tertile I by logistic regression analysis controlling for covariates. CONCLUSION Maternal GWG is an independent predictor of total adiposity and body fat distribution in offspring during infancy. Exposure to perinatal factors should be taken into account for early prevention of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dello Russo
- Epidemiology & Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, Avellino, Italy
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Labayen I, Ortega FB, Moreno LA, Gonzalez-Gross M, Jimenez-Pavon D, Martínez-Gómez D, Breidenassel C, Marcos A, Molnar D, Manios Y, Plada M, Kafatos A, De Henauw S, Mauro B, Zaccaria M, Widhalm K, Gottrand F, Castillo MJ, Sjöström M, Ruiz JR. Physical activity attenuates the negative effect of low birth weight on leptin levels in European adolescents; the HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:344-349. [PMID: 22397877 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether physical activity (PA) influences the association between birth weight and serum leptin in adolescents. The study comprised a total of 538 adolescents (315 girls), aged 12.5-17.49 years, born at term (≥ 37 weeks of gestation). We measured serum leptin levels and time engaged in moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) by accelerometry. There was an interaction effect between birth weight and meeting the PA recommendations (60 min/day MVPA) on leptin levels in girls (P = 0.023) but not in boys (P = 0.809). Birth weight was negatively associated with leptin levels in girls not meeting the PA recommendations (i.e. more than 60 min/day of MVPA) (β = -0.096, P = 0.009), whereas no significant association was observed in those meeting the PA recommendations (β = -0.061, P = 0.433). In conclusion, meeting the PA recommendations may attenuate the negative effect of low birth weight on serum leptin levels in European female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Labayen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain
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Weghuber D, Zelzer S, Stelzer I, Paulmichl K, Kammerhofer D, Schnedl W, Molnar D, Mangge H. High Risk vs. “Metabolically Healthy” Phenotype in Juvenile Obesity - Neck Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Serum Uric Acid are Clinically Relevant. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2013; 121:384-90. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical School Salzburg, Austria
| | - S. Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - I. Stelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - K. Paulmichl
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical School Salzburg, Austria
| | - D. Kammerhofer
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical School Salzburg, Austria
| | - W. Schnedl
- General Practice for Internal Medicine, Bruck an der Mur, Austria
| | - D. Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - H. Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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Rydén L, Molnar D, Esposito M, Johansson A, Suska F, Palmquist A, Thomsen P. Early inflammatory response in soft tissues induced by thin calcium phosphates. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:2712-7. [PMID: 23463679 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response to titanium and hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated titanium in living tissue is controlled by a number of humoral factors, of which monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) has been specifically linked to the recruitment of monocytes. These cells subsequently mature into tissue-bound macrophages. Macrophages adhering to the proteins adsorbed at the implant surface play a pivotal role in initiating the rejection or integration of the foreign material. Despite this, little is known about the initial inflammatory events that occur in soft tissues following the implantation of titanium and HA-coated titanium implants. In this study, circular discs of commercially pure titanium (c.p. Ti) with either a thin crystalline HA coating or amorphous HA coating or uncoated were implanted subcutaneously into rats. The implants were retrieved after 24 and 72 h. The lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity, DNA content, expression of MCP-1, interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as monocyte and polymorphonuclear granulocyte counts in the exudate surrounding the implants were analyzed. There were significantly higher DNA and LD levels around the titanium implants at 24 h compared with HA-coated titanium. A rapid decrease in MCP-1 levels was observed for all the implants over the period of observation. No statistically significant differences were found between the two HA-coated implants. Our results suggest a difference in the early soft-tissue response to HA-coated implants when compared with titanium implants, expressed as a downregulation of inflammatory cell recruitment. This suggests that thin HA coatings are promising surfaces for soft tissue applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rydén
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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Goumidi L, Grechez A, Dumont J, Cottel D, Kafatos A, Moreno LA, Molnar D, Moschonis G, Gottrand F, Huybrechts I, Dallongeville J, Amouyel P, Delaunay F, Meirhaeghe A. Impact of REV-ERB alpha gene polymorphisms on obesity phenotypes in adult and adolescent samples. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 37:666-72. [PMID: 22828941 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND REV-ERBα has been shown to regulate adipogenesis and lipid metabolism as well as to link the circadian timing system to whole body metabolic homeostasis. We thus tested whether polymorphisms in REV-ERBα could be associated with metabolic phenotypes in human population samples. METHODS We analyzed the associations between 5 REV-ERBα polymorphisms and anthropometric (body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences), biochemical (plasma lipid, glucose and insulin levels) and clinical (systolic and diastolic blood pressure) variables in three population-based studies (MONICA Lille n=1155 adults, MONA LISA Lille n=1170 adults and HELENA n=1155 adolescents). We assessed in vitro, the potential influence of one REV-ERBα polymorphism in transient transfection assays using two different cell lines. RESULTS We observed significant and consistent associations between the T minor allele of the REV-ERBα rs2071427 polymorphism (located in intron 1) and higher BMI (mean allele effect=+0.33 kg m(-2)) in the MONICA Lille (P=0.02), MONA LISA (P=0.02) and HELENA (P=0.03) studies. The odds ratios for obesity associated with this allele were 1.67 (1.00-2.79) (P=0.05) in MONICA Lille, 1.29 (1.01-1.65) (P=0.04) in MONA LISA Lille and the odds ratio for overweight was 1.48 (1.08-2.03) (P=0.01) in HELENA. In transfection experiments in human hepatocyte-derived cell lines, the REV-ERBα intron 1 directed the transcription of a luciferase reporter gene independently of the rs2071427 polymorphism. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the REV-ERBα rs2071427 polymorphism modulates body fat mass in both adult and young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Goumidi
- INSERM, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Univ Lille Nord de France, UDSL, Lille, France
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Hunsberger M, Formisano A, Reisch LA, Bammann K, Moreno L, De Henauw S, Molnar D, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Siani A, Lissner L. Overweight in singletons compared to children with siblings: the IDEFICS study. Nutr Diabetes 2012; 2:e35. [PMID: 23448718 PMCID: PMC3408642 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2012.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of overweight in only children to those with siblings and to explore potential behavioral mediating factors. This study relies upon cross-sectional data collected at survey centers in eight European countries participating in Identification and prevention of Dietary- and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS (IDEFICS). The present analysis is based on measured anthropometry and parent or guardian-reported socio-demographic characteristics. Subjects include 12 720 children aged 2-9 years for whom number of siblings was known. Singletons were more likely (odds ratio 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.34-1.72) to be overweight than their peers with siblings when controlling for factors related to childhood overweight, including survey country, parental education, parental weight, maternal age, child's age, birth weight and gender. The three southernmost countries have over threefold risk of overweight, dominated by Italy, compared with the north-central countries, which is not explained by the prevalence of singleton children. The excess risk of overweight among children without siblings was robustly observed even when considering behavioral mediating factors (playtime, screen time per day, dietary propensities for sugar or fat, parental attitudes towards food rewards and television in the child's bedroom). Among singletons aged 6-9 years, the excess risk of overweight was 1.70 (95% CI: 1.44-2.01) compared with 1.32 (95% CI: 1.10-1.60) in younger singletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hunsberger
- Public Health Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Spinneker A, Egert S, González-Gross M, Breidenassel C, Albers U, Stoffel-Wagner B, Huybrechts I, Manios Y, Venneria E, Molnar D, Widhalm K, Moreno L, Stehle P. Lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein profiles in European adolescents and its associations with gender, biological maturity and body fat—The HELENA Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:727-35. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rousseaux J, Duhame A, Molnar D, Salleron J, Artero E, De Henauw S, Dietrich S, Kersting M, Manios Y, Piccinelli R, Sjöström M, Beghin L, Moreno L, Gottrand F. Pas d’influence de l’allaitement sur l’adiposité après la puberté : l’étude HELENA. Arch Pediatr 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Horvatovich K, Bokor S, Polgar N, Kisfali P, Hadarits F, Jaromi L, Csongei V, Repasy J, Molnar D, Melegh B. Functional glucokinase regulator gene variants have inverse effects on triglyceride and glucose levels, and decrease the risk of obesity in children. Diabetes & Metabolism 2011; 37:432-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Stromswold K, Rosenthal M, Patel K, Molnar D. Development of Visual-Motor Integration: The Role of Genetic & Environmental Factors. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Hense S, De Henauw S, Eiben G, Molnar D, Moreno LA, Barba G, Hadjigeorgiou C, Veidebaum T, Pohlabeln H, Ahrens W. SP6-13 Sleep duration and overweight in European children: is the association modified by geographic region? Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976p.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Stomfai S, Kovacs E, Molnar D. Scoring System for the Identification of Children at Risk of Later Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Coll Nutr 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Kovacs E, Molnar D. IDEFICS European Multicenter Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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