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Yadav M, Maiwal R, Kumar Br V, Tripathi G, Sharma N, Sharma N, Bindal V, Mathew B, Pandey S, Singh SP, Tevathia HV, Maras JS, Sarin SK. Comparative metabolome analysis reveals higher potential of haemoperfusion adsorption in providing favourable outcome in ACLF patients. Liver Int 2024; 44:1189-1201. [PMID: 38358068 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a serious illness associated with altered metabolome, organ failure and high mortality. Need for therapies to improve the metabolic milieu and support liver regeneration are urgently needed. METHODS We investigated the ability of haemoperfusion adsorption (HA) and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in improving the metabolic profile and survival in ACLF patients. Altogether, 45 ACLF patients were randomized into three groups: standard medical therapy (SMT), HA and TPE groups. Plasma metabolomics was performed at baseline, post-HA and TPE sessions on days 7 and 14 using high-resolution mass spectrometry. RESULTS The baseline clinical/metabolic profiles of study groups were comparable. We identified 477 metabolites. Of these, 256 metabolites were significantly altered post 7 days of HA therapy (p < .05, FC > 1.5) and significantly reduced metabolites linked to purine (12 metabolites), tryptophan (7 metabolites), primary bile acid (6 metabolites) and arginine-proline metabolism (6 metabolites) and microbial metabolism respectively (p < .05). Metabolites linked to taurine-hypotaurine and histidine metabolism were reduced and temporal increase in metabolites linked to phenylalanine and tryptophan metabolism was observed post-TPE therapy (p < .05). Finally, weighted metabolite correlation network analysis (WMCNA) along with inter/intragroup analysis confirmed significant reduction in inflammatory (tryptophan, arachidonic acid and bile acid metabolism) and secondary energy metabolic pathways post-HA therapy compared to TPE and SMT (p < .05). Higher baseline plasma level of 11-deoxycorticosterone (C03205; AUROC > 0.90, HR > 3.2) correlated with severity (r2 > 0.5, p < .05) and mortality (log-rank-p < .05). Notably, 51 of the 64 metabolite signatures (ACLF non-survivor) were reversed post-HA treatment compared to TPE and SMT(p < .05). CONCLUSION HA more potentially (~80%) improves plasma milieu compared to TPE and SMT. High baseline plasma 11-deoxycorticosterone level correlates with early mortality in ACLF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Yadav
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Br
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nupur Sharma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vasundhra Bindal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Babu Mathew
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushmita Pandey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Jaswinder Singh Maras
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Kirar M, Singh SP, Singh H, Sehrawat N. Efficacy of maturase K and rpL20 protein extracted from C. procera leaves on Anophelesstephensi. Toxicon 2024; 243:107714. [PMID: 38626820 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The present work is carried out to protein isolation, purification, and characterization from leaves, stem, and seed of C. procera and to evaluate the larvicidal potential on Anopheles stephensi. The whole protein was isolated using protein extraction buffer and precipitated by ammonium sulphate and larvicidal active protein was purified by the column chromatography. The homogeneity of larvicidal protein was confirmed by the SDS-PAGE. The identification of protein was done by the HPLC and LC-MS/ESI-MS. The crude protein from leaves showed 100% mortality of 3rd instar larvae of An. stephensi at the concentration of 5.5 mg/ml after 24 h of exposure. The crude protein from stem showed 25% mortality and no mortality observed was observed in seed protein. The leaves crude protein was further purified by ion exchange chromatography and eluted fractions were tested for larvicidal potential. The purified single protein fractions L2 and L3 from C. procera leaves showed 100% mortality at concentration of 0.06 mg/ml. The homogeneity of purified protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and two bands of 26 kDa and 15 kDa protein were observed. The peptide sequence "R.SQMLENSFLIENVMKR.L" was identified in the trypsin digested homogenous protein fraction L2 and "R.DRGSQKR.N" peptide sequence in L3 fraction by LC-MS/ESI-MS. The CprL2 peptide showed the sequence similarity with the protein maturase K and CprL3 peptide showed the sequence similarity with ribosomal protein L20 of C. procera. The conserved functional domain was also identified in both the CprL2 and CprL3 peptide. The identified proteins showed strong larvicidal efficacy at very low concentration. The identified proteins are novel and natural larvicidal agents against An. stephensi and hence can be used to control the malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Kirar
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - S P Singh
- National Institute for Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Hitesh Singh
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sehrawat
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
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Maiwall R, Singh SP, Angeli P, Moreau R, Krag A, Singh V, Singal AK, Tan SS, Puri P, Mahtab M, Lau G, Ning Q, Sharma MK, Rao PN, Kapoor D, Gupta S, Duseja A, Wadhawan M, Jothimani D, Saigal S, Taneja S, Shukla A, Puri P, Govil D, Pandey G, Madan K, Eapen CE, Benjamin J, Chowdhury A, Singh S, Salao V, Yang JM, Hamid S, Shalimar, Jasuja S, Kulkarni AV, Niriella MA, Tevethia HV, Arora V, Mathur RP, Roy A, Jindal A, Saraf N, Verma N, De A, Choudhary NS, Mehtani R, Chand P, Rudra O, Sarin SK. APASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of acute kidney injury in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10650-0. [PMID: 38578541 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome that is characterized by the rapid development of organ failures predisposing these patients to a high risk of short-term early death. The main causes of organ failure in these patients are bacterial infections and systemic inflammation, both of which can be severe. For the majority of these patients, a prompt liver transplant is still the only effective course of treatment. Kidneys are one of the most frequent extrahepatic organs that are affected in patients with ACLF, since acute kidney injury (AKI) is reported in 22.8-34% of patients with ACLF. Approach and management of kidney injury could improve overall outcomes in these patients. Importantly, patients with ACLF more frequently have stage 3 AKI with a low rate of response to the current treatment modalities. The objective of the present position paper is to critically review and analyze the published data on AKI in ACLF, evolve a consensus, and provide recommendations for early diagnosis, pathophysiology, prevention, and management of AKI in patients with ACLF. In the absence of direct evidence, we propose expert opinions for guidance in managing AKI in this very challenging group of patients and focus on areas of future research. This consensus will be of major importance to all hepatologists, liver transplant surgeons, and intensivists across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Paolo Angeli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Richard Moreau
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF CLIF), European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL)-CLIF Consortium, and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Service d'Hépatologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Virender Singh
- Punjab Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwani K Singal
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Trager Transplant Center and Jewish Hospital, Louisville, USA
| | - S S Tan
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Bata Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Puneet Puri
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Mamun Mahtab
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - George Lau
- Humanity and Health Medical Group, Humanity and Health Clinical Trial Center, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Manoj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - P N Rao
- Department of Hepatology and Nutrition, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dharmesh Kapoor
- Department of Hepatology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Subhash Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Center for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Healthcare, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Manav Wadhawan
- Institute of Digestive & Liver Diseases, BLK Superspeciality Hospital Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Jothimani
- Institute of Liver Disease and Transplantation, Dr Rela Institute and Medical Centre, Bharat Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Sanjiv Saigal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Taneja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Akash Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Pankaj Puri
- Fortis Escorts Liver & Digestive Diseases Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Govil
- Department of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Kaushal Madan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - C E Eapen
- Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaya Benjamin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Chowdhury
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Centre for Liver and Biliary Sciences, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Vaishali Salao
- Department of Critical Care, Fortis Hospital, Mulund, Mumbai, India
| | - Jin Mo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saeed Hamid
- Department of Hepatology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjiv Jasuja
- Department of Nephrology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Madund A Niriella
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Harsh Vardhan Tevethia
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Vinod Arora
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - R P Mathur
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Akash Roy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastrosciences and Liver Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Neeraj Saraf
- Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Nipun Verma
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Arka De
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Narendra S Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Medanta-The Medicity Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Mehtani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Phool Chand
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Omkar Rudra
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.
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Sivalingam J, Niranjan SK, Yadav DK, Singh SP, Sukhija N, Kanaka KK, Singh PK, Singh AP. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of unexplored, potential cattle population of Madhya Pradesh. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:102. [PMID: 38478192 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Bawri or Garri, a non-descript cattle population managed under an extensive system in Madhya Pradesh state of India, was identified and characterized both genetically and phenotypically to check whether or not it can be recognised as a breed. The cattle have white and gray colour and are medium sized with 122.5 ± 7.5 cm and 109.45 ± 0.39 cm height at withers in male and female, respectively. Double-digest restriction site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing was employed to identify ascertainment bias free SNPs representing the entire genome cost effectively; resulting in calling 1,156,650 high quality SNPs. Observed homozygosity was 0.76, indicating Bawri as a quite unique population. However, the inbreeding coefficient was 0.025, indicating lack of selection. SNPs found here can be used in GWAS and genetic evaluation programs. Considering the uniqueness of Bawri cattle, it can be registered as a breed for its better genetic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakumar Sivalingam
- Presently at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India.
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - S K Niranjan
- Presently at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - S P Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Nidhi Sukhija
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Morena, MP, India
| | - K K Kanaka
- Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi, India
| | - P K Singh
- Presently at ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ajit Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, MP, India
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Singh SP, Gupta S, Chaudhary A, Dwivedi K, Singh VK, Singh S. Comparison of cosmesis, mydriasis, fundus visibility, and anterior chamber depth following single-pass four-throw pupilloplasty in congenital and traumatic iris defects. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024:02223307-990000000-00063. [PMID: 38189524 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_375_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare postoperative cosmesis, mydriasis, fundus visibility, and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in congenital and traumatic iris defects after single-pass four-throw pupilloplasty (SFTP). SETTINGS AND DESIGN Hospital-based non-randomized interventional study. METHODS SFTP was done along with phacoemulsification in six patients each with congenital and traumatic iris defects, and the patients were followed for a minimum period of 3 months. The postoperative pupil shape, size, mydriasis, and ACD were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Tissue approximation was successful in 11 out of 12 patients (91.7%), whereas it failed to do so in one patient with traumatic iris tear (8.3%). A central round pupil was attained in all six patients with congenital defects (group 1), whereas in the traumatic group (group 2), a central round pupil was attained in four cases. Group 1 did not show a significant reduction in horizontal pupil diameter, but group 2 had a significant reduction in pupil diameter postoperatively. Mydriasis and fundus visibility were satisfactory in all cases. There was a significant deepening of ACD in both groups. CONCLUSION Traumatic mydriasis usually requires SFTP at two opposite poles to achieve a central pupil with a significant reduction in pupil size, whereas congenital coloboma requires SFTP to be done at the site of coloboma with occasional enlargement at the opposite pole if the pupil is eccentric.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Principal, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aparajita Chaudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kshama Dwivedi
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod K Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivangi Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, M. L. N. Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mukund A, Yadav T, Singh SP, Shasthry SM, Maiwall R, Patidar Y, Sarin SK. Comparison of Balloon-Occluded Thrombolysis with Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Patients of Budd-Chiari Syndrome with Occluded Direct Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2024; 34:25-31. [PMID: 38106869 PMCID: PMC10723961 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Direct intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (DIPS) stent placement is an effective treatment for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS); however, thrombotic occlusion of DIPS stent remains a cause of concern. The purpose of this study is to describe a novel technique of balloon-occluded-thrombolysis (BOT) for occluded DIPS stent, and compare it with the conventional catheter-directed-thrombolysis (CDT). Methods In this retrospective study, the hospital database was searched for BCS patients who underwent DIPS revision for thrombotic stent occlusion between January 2015 and February 2021. Patients were divided into CDT group and BOT group. The groups were compared for technical success, total dose of thrombolytic agent administered, duration of hospital stay, and primary assisted stent patency rates at 1- and 6-month follow-up. Results CDT was performed in 12 patients, whereas 21 patients underwent BOT. Complete recanalization was achieved in 66.7% (8 of 12) patients of CDT group as compared to 81% (17 of 21) patients of BOT group (nonsignificant difference, p = 0.420). BOT group had a short hospital stay (1.8 ± 0.7 vs. 3.5 ± 1.0 days) and required less dose of thrombolytic agent ([2.2 ± 0.4]x10 5 IU versus [8.3 ± 2.9]x10 5 IU of urokinase) as compared to the CDT group and both differences were statistically significant ( p < 0.001). Further, 6-month patency rate was higher in BOT group as compared to CDT group ( p = 0.024). Conclusion The novel BOT technique of DIPS revision allows longer contact time of thrombolytic agent with the thrombi within the occluded stent. This helps in achieving fast recanalization of thrombosed DIPS stent with a significantly less dose of thrombolytic agent required, thus reducing the risk of systemic complications associated with thrombolytic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Mukund
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Yadav
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Yashwant Patidar
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Ranjan R, Sharma K, Kumar M, Swain DK, Singh SP, Kharche SD, Singh MK, Chauhan MS. IGF-1 stabilizes goat sperm mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reduces dna fragmentation. Cryo Letters 2023; 44:327-332. [PMID: 38311926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidant present in sperm cells protects them from oxidative damage. However, sperm are more susceptible to peroxidative damages due to the loss of these enzymes during cryopreservation and their survival and fertility may be compromised. Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has an antioxidant effect and could maintain sperm motility. OBJECTIVE To improve seminal parameters, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), oxidative status and DNA integrity of buck semen after freeze-thawing by fortification of goat semen diluent with various concentrations of IGF-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty ejaculates were collected and were extended with tris- citric acid- fructose diluent with 10% egg yolk and 6% glycerol with sperm concentrations of 1×108 mL-1. Post-cryopreserved sperm were assessed for motility and a range of other functional parameters. RESULTS In post-thaw semen sperm motility, live sperm count, acrosome integrity, hypo-osmotic swelling positive spermatozoa, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl content (PCC), TUNEL positive sperm differed significantly (P<0.05) with the various concentrations of IGF-1 used. Sperm functional parameters post-thawing were significantly (P<0.05) better in 250 ng/mL IGF-1. IGF-1 protects against lipid peroxidation by lowering MDA and PCC production, thus reducing the harmful effect of reactive oxygen species. The kidding percentage using the artificial insemination technique was significantly higher ( i.e., 40%) in the group supplemented with 250 ng/mL of IGF-1 than in the non-supplemented group (i.e., 30%). CONCLUSION IGF-1 may be used to improve post-thaw semen quality and fertility as measured by actual kidding rate. Doi.org/10.54680/fr23610110312.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ranjan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India.
| | - K Sharma
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - M Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - D K Swain
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, U.P. India
| | - S P Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - S D Kharche
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - M K Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - M S Chauhan
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh SP, Arora V, Madke T, Sarin SK. Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Southeast Asia Updates. Cancer J 2023; 29:259-265. [PMID: 37796643 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Classically, HCC develops in genetically susceptible individuals who are exposed to risk factors, especially in the presence of liver cirrhosis. Significant temporal and geographic variations exist for HCC and its etiologies. Over time, the burden of HCC has shifted from the low-moderate to the high sociodemographic index regions, reflecting the transition from viral to nonviral causes. Geographically, the hepatitis viruses predominate as the causes of HCC in Asia and Africa. Although there are genetic conditions that confer increased risk for HCC, these diagnoses are rarely recognized outside North America and Europe. In this review, we evaluate the epidemiologic trends and risk factors of HCC and discuss the prevention with surveillance and short management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- From the Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Palafox MA, Kattan D, de Pedraza Velasco ML, Isasi J, Rani K, Singh SP, Vats JK, Rastogi VK. Base pairs with 5-chloroorotic acid and comparison with the natural nucleobase. Structural and spectroscopic study, and three suggested antiviral modified nucleosides. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-29. [PMID: 37403335 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2226738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
A structural and spectroscopic study of 5-chloroorotic acid (5-ClOA) biomolecule was carried out by IR and FT-Raman and the results obtained were compared to those achieved in 5-fluoroorotic acid and 5-aminoorotic acid compounds. The structures of all possible tautomeric forms were determined using DFT and MP2 methods. To know the tautomer form present in the solid state, the crystal unit cell was optimized through dimer and tetramer forms in several tautomeric forms. The keto form was confirmed through an accurate assignment of all the bands. For this purpose, an additional improvement in the theoretical spectra was carried out using linear scaling equations (LSE) and polynomic equations (PSE) deduced from uracil molecule. Base pairs with uracil, thymine and cytosine nucleobases were optimized and compared to the natural Watson-Crick (WC) pairs. The counterpoise (CP) corrected interaction energies of the base pairs were also calculated. Three nucleosides were optimized based on 5-ClOA as nucleobase, and their corresponding WC pairs with adenosine. These modified nucleosides were inserted in DNA:DNA and RNA:RNA microhelices, which were optimized. The position of the -COOH group in the uracil ring of these microhelices interrupts the DNA/RNA helix formation. Because of the special characteristic of these molecules they can be used as antiviral drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcolea Palafox
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Kattan
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L de Pedraza Velasco
- Dpto. de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Isasi
- Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaushal Rani
- Indian Spectroscopy Society, Ghaziabad, India
- Department of Physics, Meerut College, Meerut, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar Govt Degree College, Mainpuri, India
| | - J K Vats
- P G Department of Physics, Jai Prakash University, Chapra, India
| | - V K Rastogi
- Department of Physics, Meerut College, Meerut, India
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Bhatia V, Singh SP, Mishra AK, Rath I, Prabhu M, Bihari C. Cytological Diagnosis of Castleman Disease by Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration. J Cytol 2023; 40:145-147. [PMID: 37745805 PMCID: PMC10516151 DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_63_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Castleman disease is a nonmalignant, lymphoproliferative disorder. Unicentric disease type involves a single enlarged lymph node or nodal regions, and multicentric disease involves multiple lymph node site involvement. We present a case of 26-year-old young female presented to outpatient with complaint of generalized weakness and abdominal pain for last 2 months. Her imaging included positron emission computed tomography which showed soft-tissue mass along the body of pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound done showed nodal mass with extensive calcification and doppler endoscopic ultrasound showing arborising vessels. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and biopsy taken showed lymphoid cells and diffuse hyaline material. After suboptimal response to chemotherapy regimen, she underwent open laparotomy and excision of the retroperitoneal mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Bhatia
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Indira Rath
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Meghana Prabhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Chhagan Bihari
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
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Prabhakar PV, Reddy UA, Singh SP, Balasubramanyam A, Rahman MF, Kumari SI, Agawane SB, Murty USN, Grover P, Mahboob M. Retracted: Oxidative stress induced by aluminum oxide nanomaterials after acute oral treatment in Wistar rats. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:615. [PMID: 36385386 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Singh SP, Singh H, Saini S, Mishra GK, Sharma SK. Studies on the breeding potential and entomological indices of dengue vector Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the district Ghaziabad of Uttar Pradesh, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2023; 60:187-192. [PMID: 37417168 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.353270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The female Aedes mosquito is a vector of many arboviruses-borne diseases. The evidence and information regarding their breeding habitats are vital for implementing appropriate control policies. METHODS An entomological survey was done at three sites in Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India viz. Indirapuram, Vasundhara, and Vaishali to generate the first boundary line information of breeding sites of Aedes aegypti larvae for the early prevention and control interventions for dengue management. RESULTS A total of 2994 containers were checked in 1169 households at the time of the survey for breeding sites of Aedes mosquito during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon period, out of which 667 containers were found positive in 518 positive households. The total HI, CI, and BI were 44.31, 22.27, and 57.05 respectively. The maximum and minimum breeding indices were found during monsoon and pre-monsoon respectively. The most preferred containers for Aedes breeding were cement tanks for lotus plants in nurseries, drums, and small and large size pots for storage of water and ornamental plants mostly in 8 plant nurseries. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Breeding of Aedes was found in nurseries and desert coolers which were the primary breeding containers found during the survey. The containers found positive during surveys were emptied or destroyed with the help of the local community and the breeding status of nurseries was informed to the health authorities of Ghaziabad to take necessary action against the breeding sites of the Aedes mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Himmat Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Suruchi Saini
- State Malaria Office, State Health Department, Ghaziabad, India
| | - G K Mishra
- State Malaria Office, State Health Department, Ghaziabad, India
| | - S K Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
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14
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Singh SP, Mondia N. Letter to the Editor: Much more needed in natural history of Alagille syndrome. Hepatology 2023; 77:E78. [PMID: 36626631 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitisha Mondia
- Department of Paediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children Hospital & Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Zehra R, Singh SP, Verma J, Kulshreshtha A. Spatio-temporal investigation of physico-chemical water quality parameters based on comparative assessment of QUAL 2Kw and WASP model for the upper reaches of Yamuna River stretching from Paonta Sahib, Sirmaur district to Cullackpur, North Delhi districts of North India. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:480. [PMID: 36930328 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An accurate investigation of bio-physical and chemical parameters as proxy of in situ water quality conditions in the Himalayan region is highly challenging owing to cumbersome, strenuous, and physically exhausting sampling exercises at high altitude locations. The upper stretches of Yamuna River in the Himachal Pradesh are typical examples of such sampling locations that have rarely been examined in the past studies. A widely accepted and recognized QUAL 2Kw model is applied for estimating the water quality parameters on the upper segment of the Yamuna River from Paonta Sahib to Cullackpur. These water quality indicators mainly included electric conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, carbonaceous biological oxygen demand (CBOD), inorganic suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and alkalinity, which were systematically investigated for predicting the spatio-temporal trends during the year 2018. A total of 12 distantly located river sites were identified for sample collection and data validation using QUAL 2Kw model. The present investigation attempts to reveal long-term degraded impact of untreated wastewater and biased agricultural practices on the water quality conditions over the upper stretches of Yamuna River. The QUAL 2Kw-derived values for selected variables were inter-compared with in situ values, and any deviation from measured values was ascertained based on meaningful statistical measures. The lower error of RMSE, MRE, and BIAS, corresponding to < 15%, ± 10%., ± 20%, and ~ 1 slope evidently indicated better matchup of values, wherein, higher slope correlation coefficient (R2) of ~ 90% indicated the robust performance of the QUAL 2Kw algorithm in accurately predicting the chosen variables. A comparative assessment of QUAL 2Kw and WASP has been performed to justify aptness of water quality model in scenarios of lean flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Zehra
- Amity Institute of Geoinformatics & Remote Sensing, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S P Singh
- Amity Institute of Geoinformatics & Remote Sensing, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jyoti Verma
- Department of Zoology, CMP College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pramanick B, Mahapatra BS, Datta D, Dey P, Singh SP, Kumar A, Paramanik B, Awasthi N. An innovative approach to improve oil production and quality of mustard ( Brassica juncea L.) with multi-nutrient-rich polyhalite. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13997. [PMID: 36923838 PMCID: PMC10008988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhalite popularly known as POLY4 is a multi-nutrient fertiliser containing K, S, Mg, Ca, and micronutrients. POLY4 has a low carbon footprint, is certified for organic agriculture, and has the potential to improve crop productivity and quality attributes Indian mustard which often faces challenges due to imbalanced nutrition supplied in the current fertilisation schedule. The hypothesis of the study was that the multi-nutrient fartiliser POLY4 can ensure balanced nutrition for Indian mustard. Considering this, a field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the effect of POLY4 on Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) with respect to its yield, quality, and nutrient uptake. POLY4 along with conventional sources of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) was compared to recommended fertilisation practices from conventional sources of N, P, K namely urea, di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and muriate of potash (KCl). With the application of POLY4, seed yield was significantly improved by about 600 kg ha-1 compared to NP control (no application of K and S) across the two seasons. Compared to recommended practice of NPK, the yield was increased by about 450 kg ha-1 with the application of POLY4. Mustard seed oil and protein percent were also improved with the use of POLY4. POLY4 did not have any adverse effect on the content of anti-nutritional factors and improved the omega-3 fatty acid content of mustard oil. Higher uptakes of macro and micronutrients in the crop were also recorded with POLY4 along with an improved soil nutrient status. From the economic point of view, it was also observed that the application of POLY4 resulted in an increment of net returns of USD 45-60 comparing cultivating mustard with the conventional N, P, K, and S fertilizers only. Therefore, the use of POLY4 as a source of multi-nutrient for balanced nutrition helped to increase the efficiency of applied nutrients which ultimately improved the yield and quality of mustard. This study exhibits the pioneer findings of polyhalite (POLY4) based balanced nutrition in Indian mustard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Pramanick
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Panhandle Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Scottsbluff, 69361, USA.,Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Agronomy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, 848125, Bihar, India
| | - B S Mahapatra
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Debarati Datta
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,ICAR-Central Research Institute of Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700121, West Bengal, India
| | - Prithwiraj Dey
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Agricultural Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricultural & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bappa Paramanik
- Department of Soil Science, Dakshin Dinajpur Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, 733133, West Bengal, India
| | - Neeraj Awasthi
- Anglo American Crop Nutrients, Scarborough, YO 11 3ZB, United Kingdom
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17
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Mondia N, Singh SP, Mishra AK. Letter to the editor: Risk factors of NAFLD in preterm and low birthweight. More questions than answers! Hepatology 2023; 77:E17. [PMID: 35781890 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitisha Mondia
- Department of Pediatrics , Kalawati Saran Children Hospital & Lady Hardinge Medical College , New Delhi , India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology , Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Hepatology , Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences , New Delhi , India
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Mukund A, Choudhury SP, Tripathy TP, Ananthashayana VH, Jagdish RK, Arora V, Singh SP, Mishra AK, Sarin SK. Influence of shunt occlusion on liver volume and functions in hyperammonemic cirrhosis patients having large porto-systemic shunts: a randomized control trial. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:150-158. [PMID: 36094625 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Spontaneous-portosystemic-shunts (SPSS) in cirrhosis deprive the liver of nutrient-rich portal blood and contribute to recurrent hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We evaluated the effects of shunt occlusion and redirecting portal blood to liver on its volume and functions. METHODS Cirrhosis patients presenting with recurrent HE and having SPSS were randomized to receive standard medical treatment (SMT) or shunt occlusion (SO). The later was performed by plug-assisted or balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration. The primary endpoint was change in liver volume after a minimum follow-up of 3 months. Secondary objectives included clinical course, liver disease severity indices, arterial ammonia levels and bone density. RESULTS Of 40 enrolled patients, 4 in SMT and 2 in SO group were lost to follow-up. The SO was complete in 17 and partial in one, achieving non-recurrence of HE in 17 (94.4%). In these patients, the mean liver volume increased (baseline 1040 ± 335 ml to 1132 ± 322 ml, 8.8% increase, p < 0.001) and was observed in 16/18 (88.89%) patients. In the SMT group, the liver volume decreased (baseline 988 ± 270 ml to 904 ± 226 ml, 8.6% reduction, p = 0.009) during the same period. Serum albumin increased in SO group (2.92 ± 0.40 g/dl to 3.30 ± 0.49 g/dl, p = 0.006) but reduced in SMT group (2.89 ± 0.43 g/dl to 2.59 ± 0.65 g/dl, p = 0.047). After SO, the patients showed a reduction in serum-ammonia levels (181.06 ± 86.21 to 107.28 ± 44.53 μ/dl, p = 0.001) and an improvement in MELD-Na and bone density compared to SMT group. There were no major adverse events following shunt occlusion. CONCLUSION Occlusion of large SPSS results in improving the volume and synthetic functions of the liver by restoring hepato-petal portal flow besides reducing serum-ammonia level and recurrence of HE. CLINICALTRIALS gov number, NCT03293459.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Mukund
- Department of Intervention Radiology, ILBS, New Delhi, India
| | - Shakti Prasad Choudhury
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, ILBS, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar Jagdish
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, ILBS, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Vinod Arora
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, ILBS, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, ILBS, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, ILBS, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, ILBS, New Delhi, 110070, India.
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Singh SP, Mishra AK, Galagali JR, Bharath M, Pathak L. Eustachian tube dysfunction in an intensive care unit: A prospective observational study. Med J Armed Forces India 2023; 79:87-92. [PMID: 36605346 PMCID: PMC9807681 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Eustachain tube (ET) dysfunction can aggravate the morbidity in ICU patients, but is often ignored. In this prospective observational study we followed a cohort of patients (without pre-existing ET dysfunction) requiring in-patient management, hospitalized either to ICU or to non ICU wards, for any development of ET dysfunction during hospitalization. Methods Patients requiring hospitalization to ICU or non ICU wards from Dec 2018 to Jun 2019 were included. Those with pre-existing ET dysfunction, disease of ear/nose or sinuses, head neck tumours and history of radiotherapy or glucocorticoid therapy were excluded. All patients were evaluated by serial tympanometry. Type A curve was considered normal while type B, C1 and C2 were considered as ET dysfunction. Results There were 385 patients, 258 (67.01%) males and 127 (32.99%) females in the ICU group; while non ICU group comprised 129 patients, 86 (66.67%) males and 43 (33.33%) females. ET dysfunction developed in 107 (27.79%) patients in ICU group, but only in 3 (2.3%) in non ICU group (Relative risk 11.95, 95% CI 3.86 to 36.99, P < 0.0001). Within ICU, ET dysfunction showed significant positive association with endotracheal intubation, Ramsay sedation score and number of days on tracheostomy; but not with age, male gender, number of days in ICU, mechanical ventilation or route of feeding. Conclusion Our study demonstrates high incidence of ET dysfunction in patients admitted to ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Classified Specialist (ENT-HNS), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
| | | | - J R Galagali
- Consultant (ENT-HNS), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - M Bharath
- Graded Specialist (ENT), Military Hospital, Hisar, India
| | - Lav Pathak
- Resident (ENT-HNS), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India
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Singh SP. Proton Pump Inhibitors Increasing the Risk of Infection and Mortality in Cirrhosis-We Need a Closer Look! Gastroenterology 2022; 163:1716. [PMID: 35513006 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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22
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Singh SP, Mishra AK, Jindal A. Letter to the editor: IL-1 receptor antagonist plus pentoxifylline and zinc for severe alcoholic hepatitis-More questions than answers! Hepatology 2022; 76:E112-E113. [PMID: 35776666 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh SP, Tandel K, Kalra DK, Babu B, Thosani P, Anand KB. Prevalence of Omicron variant during the third wave of COVID-19 at a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra. Med J Armed Forces India 2022:S0377-1237(22)00139-3. [PMID: 36281467 PMCID: PMC9581701 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Professor & Head, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Kundan Tandel
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Kalra
- Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Bhagya Babu
- Junior Resident Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Pratik Thosani
- Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Kavita Bala Anand
- Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
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Singh SP, Ozkan H, Al Mahtab M, Akbar SMF. Editorial. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2022. [DOI: 10.5005/ejohg-12-s1-siv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Singh SP, Jindal A. Association of rectal colonisation by MDROs with new infection in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2022; 77:577-578. [PMID: 35278533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Malik RA, Reshi ZA, Rafiq I, Singh SP. Decline in the suitable habitat of dominant Abies species in response to climate change in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region: insights from species distribution modelling. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:596. [PMID: 35861887 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reliable predictions of future distribution ranges of ecologically important species in response to climate change are required for developing effective management strategies. Here we used an ensemble modelling approach to predict the distribution of three important species of Abies namely, Abies pindrow, Abies spectabilis and Abies densa in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region under the current and two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP245 and SSP585) and time periods of 2050 and 2090s. A correlative ensemble model using presence/absence data of the three Abies species and 22 environmental variables, including 19 bioclimatic variables and 3 topographic variables, from known distributions was built to predict the potential current and future distribution of these species. The individual models used to build the final ensemble performed well and provided reliable results for both the current and future distribution of all three species. For A. pindrow, precipitation of the driest month (Bio14) was the most important environmental variable with 83.3% contribution to model output while temperature seasonality (Bio4) and annual mean diurnal range (Bio2) were the most important variables for A. spectabilis and A. densa with 48.4% and 46.1% contribution to final model output, respectively. Under current climatic conditions, the ensemble models projected a total suitable habitat of about 433,003 km2, 790,837 km2 and 676,918 km2 for A. pindrow, A. spectabilis and A. densa, respectively, which is approximately 10.36%, 18.91% and 16.91% of the total area of Hindu Kush Himalayan region. Projections of habitat suitability under future climate scenarios for all the shared socioeconomic pathways showed a reduction in potentially suitable habitats with a maximum overall loss of approximately 14% of the total suitable area of A. pindrow under SSP 8.5 by 2090. A decline in total suitable habitat is predicted to be 9.6% in A. spectabilis by 2090 under the SSP585 scenario while in A. densa 6.67% loss in the suitable area is expected by 2050 under the SSP585 scenario. Furthermore, there is no elevational change predicted in the case of A. pindrow while A. spectabilis is expected to show an upward shift by about 29 m per decade and A. densa is showing a downward shift at a rate of 11 m per decade. The results are interesting, and intriguing given the occurrence of these species across the Hindu Kush Himalayan region. Thus, our study underscores the need for consideration of unexpected responses of species to climate change and formulation of strategies for better forest management and conservation of important conifer species, such as A. pindrow, A. spectabilis and A. densa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayees A Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iflah Rafiq
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - S P Singh
- Central Himalayan Environment Association, Dehradun, India
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Singh Y, Kumar A, Saxena A, Bhatt P, Singh SP, Kumar A, Mrigesh M, Saxena MK. Assessment of free radicals and reactive oxygen species milieu in nanoparticles adjuvanted outer membrane proteins vaccine against Salmonella typhi. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:479. [PMID: 35831726 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, calcium phosphate nanoparticles-based (STCNV) and montanide oil adjuvant vaccine (STOAV) containing outer membrane proteins (Omps) of S. Typhi were evaluated for inducing oxidative stress indicators [reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total protein] in the tissues of mice after vaccination. The GSH levels though slightly high in the liver, kidney, and lungs of STCNV group were not significantly different from STOAV and the control group (STC). There was no significant difference in LPO levels in any group for any tissue. The significantly lower activities of catalase were observed in the kidney and lungs of the STCNV group as compared to STOAV and STC group, while in the liver, STCNV group revealed lower catalase activity in comparison to the control group. No significant difference in the SOD activities between the two vaccinated groups was observed. The total protein contents in all the organs showed no significant difference in the vaccinated and the control group. The vaccines may induce long-term inflammatory response and consequently damage vital organs; this study revealed no long-term oxidative stress in all the three vital organs, suggesting that these vaccines may not cause oxidative damages in the vital organs of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250110, India
| | - Anjani Saxena
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Avadhesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Meena Mrigesh
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Mumtesh Kumar Saxena
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India.
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Singh SP, Mondia N. Comment on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma with chronic hepatitis B infection in Sweden. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:3592. [PMID: 35811444 PMCID: PMC9701461 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Department of HepatologyInstitute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Nitisha Mondia
- Department of PediatricsKalawati Saran Children Hospital and Lady Hardinge Medical CollegeNew DelhiIndia
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Palafox MA, Kattan D, de Pedraza Velasco ML, Isasi J, Posada-Moreno P, Rani K, Singh SP, Rastogi VK. Base pairs with 4-amino-3-nitrobenzonitrile: comparison with the natural WC pairs. Dimer and tetramer forms, Infrared and Raman spectra, and several proposed antiviral modified nucleosides. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-23. [PMID: 35583120 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2069864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Base pairs of 4-amino-3-nitrobenzonitrile (4A-3NBN) molecule with uracil, thymine and cytosine nucleobases were optimized and compared to natural Watson-Crick (WC) pairs. The slightly greater flexibility of the -NO2 group of 4A-3NBN than the N3-H group of the natural nucleobases together with a noticeable higher dipole moment of its pairs can facilitate disruption of the DNA/RNA helix formation. Several new mutagenic modified nucleosides with 4A-3NBN and 3-amino-2-nitrobenzonitrile (3A-2NBN) were proposed as antiviral prodrugs and their base pairs optimized. The special characteristics of these prodrugs appear appropriated for their clinical use. The counterpoise (CP) corrected interaction energies of the base pairs were calculated and compared to the natural ones. The M06-2X DFT method was used for this purpose. The molecular structure of 4A-3NBN was analyzed in detail and the crystal unit cell was simulated by a tetramer form and eight dimer forms. The performance of the B3LYP, X3LYP and M06-2X methods was tested on the vibrational wavenumbers in the monomer, dimer and tetramer forms of 4A-3NBN. The observed IR and Raman bands were assigned according to the optimum dimer II form determined by B3LYP and by the tetramer form calculated by M06-2X, which is the expected unit cell that forms the crystal net. The two best scaling procedures were used.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcolea Palafox
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Kattan
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L de Pedraza Velasco
- Dpto. de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Isasi
- Dpto. de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Posada-Moreno
- Dpto. de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, UCM, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaushal Rani
- Department of Physics, Meerut College, Meerut, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar College, Mainpuri, India
| | - V K Rastogi
- Indian Spectroscopy Society, Ghaziabad, India
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Singh Y, Saxena A, Singh SP, Verma MK, Kumar A, Kumar A, Mrigesh M, Saxena MK. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted nanoparticles of outer membrane proteins of Salmonella Typhi as a candidate for vaccine development against Typhoid fever. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35476604 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The conventional adjuvants used in vaccines have limitations like induction of an imbalanced Th1 and Th2 immune response. To overcome this limitation, novel adjuvants and newer forms of existing adjuvants like calcium phosphate nanoparticles are being tested.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted outer membrane proteins vaccine may work as an efficient, safe and cost effective vaccine against Salmonella Typhi.Aim. Our goals were to evaluate the potential of calcium phosphate nanoparticles as an adjuvant using outer membrane proteins (Omps) of Salmonella Typhi as antigens for immune response, with montanide (commercially available adjuvant) as control, and its toxicity in rats.Methodology. Calcium phosphate adjuvanted outer membrane proteins nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. The efficacy of vaccine formulation in mice and toxicity assay were carried out in rats.Results. The calcium phosphate nanoparticles varying in size between 20-50 nm had entrapment efficiency of 41.5% and loading capacity of 54%. The calcium phosphate nanoparticle-Omps vaccine formulation (nanoparticle-Omps) induced a strong humoral immune response, which was significantly higher than the control group for the entire period of study. In the montanide-Omps group the initial very high immune response declined steeply and then remained steady. The immune response induced by nanoparticle-Omps did not change appreciably. The cell mediated immune response as measured by lymphocyte proliferation assay and delayed type hypersensitivity test showed a higher response (P<0.01) for the nanoparticles-Omps group as compared to montanide-Omps group. The bacterial clearance assay also showed higher clearance in the nanoparticles-Omps group as compared to montanide-Omps group (approx 1.4%). The toxicity analysis in rats showed no difference in the values of toxicity biomarkers and blood chemistry parameters, revealing vaccine formulation was non-toxic in rats.Conclusion. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as adjuvant in vaccines is safe, have good encapsulation and loading capacity and induce a strong cell mediated, humoral and protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anjani Saxena
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manish Kumar Verma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Avadhesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Meena Mrigesh
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mumtesh Kumar Saxena
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
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Satyavathi CT, Tomar RS, Ambawat S, Kheni J, Padhiyar SM, Desai H, Bhatt SB, Shitap MS, Meena RC, Singhal T, Sankar SM, Singh SP, Khandelwal V. Stage specific comparative transcriptomic analysis to reveal gene networks regulating iron and zinc content in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. Sci Rep 2022; 12:276. [PMID: 34997160 PMCID: PMC8742121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people and excels all other cereals due to its unique features of resilience to adverse climatic conditions. It is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Hence, this is a key to alleviate malnutrition and ensure nutritional security. This study was conducted to identify and validate candidate genes governing grain iron and zinc content enabling the desired modifications in the genotypes. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high iron and zinc showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251 were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tara Satyavathi
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India.
| | - Rukam S Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Supriya Ambawat
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India
| | - Jasminkumar Kheni
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Shital M Padhiyar
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Hiralben Desai
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - S B Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - M S Shitap
- Department of Agricultural Statistics, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramesh Chand Meena
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India
| | - Tripti Singhal
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi, India
| | - S Mukesh Sankar
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi, India
| | - S P Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Khandelwal
- ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342 304, India
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Gerritsen SE, van Bodegom LS, Dieleman GC, Overbeek MM, Verhulst FC, Wolke D, Rizopoulos D, Appleton R, van Amelsvoort TAMJ, Bodier Rethore C, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Charvin I, Da Fonseca D, Davidović N, Dodig-Ćurković K, Ferrari A, Fiori F, Franić T, Gatherer C, de Girolamo G, Heaney N, Hendrickx G, Jardri R, Kolozsvari A, Lida-Pulik H, Lievesley K, Madan J, Mastroianni M, Maurice V, McNicholas F, Nacinovich R, Parenti A, Paul M, Purper-Ouakil D, Rivolta L, de Roeck V, Russet F, Saam MC, Sagar-Ouriaghli I, Santosh PJ, Sartor A, Schulze UME, Scocco P, Signorini G, Singh SP, Singh J, Speranza M, Stagi P, Stagni P, Street C, Tah P, Tanase E, Tremmery S, Tuffrey A, Tuomainen H, Walker L, Wilson A, Maras A. Demographic, clinical, and service-use characteristics related to the clinician's recommendation to transition from child to adult mental health services. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:973-991. [PMID: 35146551 PMCID: PMC9042957 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The service configuration with distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) may be a barrier to continuity of care. Because of a lack of transition policy, CAMHS clinicians have to decide whether and when a young person should transition to AMHS. This study describes which characteristics are associated with the clinicians' advice to continue treatment at AMHS. METHODS Demographic, family, clinical, treatment, and service-use characteristics of the MILESTONE cohort of 763 young people from 39 CAMHS in Europe were assessed using multi-informant and standardized assessment tools. Logistic mixed models were fitted to assess the relationship between these characteristics and clinicians' transition recommendations. RESULTS Young people with higher clinician-rated severity of psychopathology scores, with self- and parent-reported need for ongoing treatment, with lower everyday functional skills and without self-reported psychotic experiences were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment. Among those who had been recommended to continue treatment, young people who used psychotropic medication, who had been in CAMHS for more than a year, and for whom appropriate AMHS were available were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment at AMHS. Young people whose parents indicated a need for ongoing treatment were more likely to be recommended to stay in CAMHS. CONCLUSION Although the decision regarding continuity of treatment was mostly determined by a small set of clinical characteristics, the recommendation to continue treatment at AMHS was mostly affected by service-use related characteristics, such as the availability of appropriate services.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Gerritsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L S van Bodegom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G C Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M M Overbeek
- Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - D Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Appleton
- NIHR Mental Health Policy Research Unit, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - T A M J van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Mondriaan Mental Health Care, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - I Charvin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - D Da Fonseca
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - N Davidović
- University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - K Dodig-Ćurković
- Faculty for Dental Care and Health, Osijek, Croatia
- University Health Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Osijek, Croatia
| | - A Ferrari
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- DISM, ULSS 16, SOPROXI Onlus, Padua, Italy
| | - F Fiori
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- HealthTracker Ltd, Kent, UK
| | - T Franić
- University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - C Gatherer
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - G de Girolamo
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - N Heaney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - G Hendrickx
- Department of Neurosciences, Centre for Clinical Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Jardri
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognitions, Plasticity and Subjectivity Team, CURE Platform, Université de Lille, INSERM (U-1172), Fontan Hospital, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | - K Lievesley
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - J Madan
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M Mastroianni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - V Maurice
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - F McNicholas
- School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
- Lucena CAMHS, SJOG, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - R Nacinovich
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
- Università Degli Studi Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - A Parenti
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - M Paul
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - D Purper-Ouakil
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, CESP U1018, PsyDev, University Paris Saclay, UVSQ, Versailles, France
| | - L Rivolta
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, Saint John of God Clinical Research Center, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Monza Brianza, Italy
| | - V de Roeck
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Child and Youth Studies, Campus Social School, University Colleges Leuven Limburg, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - F Russet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - M C Saam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - I Sagar-Ouriaghli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - P J Santosh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- HealthTracker Ltd, Kent, UK
| | - A Sartor
- Josefinum Augsburg, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugenspsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Augsburg, Germany
| | - U M E Schulze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Scocco
- Department of Mental Health, ULSS 6 Euganea, Padua, Italy
- SOPROXI Onlus, Padua, Italy
| | - G Signorini
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - S P Singh
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Singh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
- Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Speranza
- INSERM, CESP U1018, PsyDev, University Paris Saclay, UVSQ, Versailles, France
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles, France
| | - P Stagi
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - P Stagni
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Modena, Italy
| | - C Street
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - P Tah
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - E Tanase
- Abteilung für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes-und Jugendalters Weissenau, ZfP Südwürttemberg, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - S Tremmery
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Tuffrey
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - H Tuomainen
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - L Walker
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - A Wilson
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - A Maras
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
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Singh SP, Saini L, Bansal N, Singh R. Giant Pseudoaneurysm of the Left Ventricle. J Assoc Physicians India 2021; 69:11-12. [PMID: 34781619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Professor of Medicine (Cardiology Division), SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
| | - Lovedeep Saini
- Assistant Professor, SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Professor, Dept. of Medicine, SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
| | - Ragini Singh
- Professor, Dept. of Pediatrics, SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
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Singh N, Kumar A, Datta R, Bhardwaj P, Aggarwal N, Chadha DS, Singh SP, Sharma P, Barwad P, Gupta H. Analysis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction occurring in soldiers during strenous military training. Med J Armed Forces India 2021; 77:413-418. [PMID: 34594069 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At our tertiary care cardiology center, we are receiving soldiers who sustained acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) during the strenuous Battle Field Efficiency Test (BPET) and other such activities. Methods This was a single-center observational study to assimilate and analyze the precipitating causes, risk factors, symptoms, and the efficacy of the management protocols in soldiers sustaining STEMI during the BPET or other forms of strenuous military training. Results All 25 soldiers with documented STEMI following strenuous military training presented with chest pain as the primary symptom. 88% had symptoms either during or within 1st hour of the strenuous activity. 76% underwent thrombolysis with an angiographic success rate of 95%. Primary PCI was possible in only 3/25 (12%) of the cases, of which 2 (66%) did not require stenting after thrombus aspiration; 88% of soldiers reported "training for the event" for less than four times/week. Conclusion STEMI precipitated by strenuous unaccustomed military training have exclusively single vessel affection with an excellent response to thrombolysis and thrombus aspiration. Thus, the timely institution of pharmacological or mechanical revascularization therapy has dramatic results in the preservation of ventricular function. The lack of training for the strenuous event provides strong evidence for comprehensive, graded, physical training prior to strenuous military activities to prevent acute coronary syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navreet Singh
- Senior Advisor (Medicine) & Cardiologist, AFCME, Subroto Park, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Consultant (Medicine) & Cardiologist, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur Cantt, UP, India
| | - Rajat Datta
- Director General Armed Forces Medical Services, O/o DGAFMS, 'M' Block, MoD, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Naveen Aggarwal
- Director (Cardiologist), Max Superficiality Hospital, Phase 6, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - D S Chadha
- Professor (Cardiology), Manipal Hospital, Airport Road, Bengaluru, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor (Physiology), Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prafull Sharma
- Senior Advisor (Medicine) & Cardiologist, Military Hospital Jalandhar Cantt, Punjab, India
| | - Parag Barwad
- Associate Professor (Cardiology), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- Assistant Professor (Cardiology), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Singh SP, Kundu T, Adhikari A, Basu S. A joint weighting and modified weighted aggregated sum product assessment‐based methodology for the measurement of patient satisfaction: Evidence from Indian healthcare. Multi Criteria Decision Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mcda.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satender Pal Singh
- Operations Management Group, Indian Institute of Management Ranchi Ranchi Jharkhand India
| | - Tithishri Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology Bankura Sammilani Medical College Bankura West Bengal India
| | - Arnab Adhikari
- Operations Management Group, Indian Institute of Management Ranchi Ranchi Jharkhand India
| | - Sumanta Basu
- Operations Management Group, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta Kolkata West Bengal India
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Erickson-DiRenzo E, Singh SP, Martinez JD, Sanchez SE, Easwaran M, Valdez TA. Cigarette smoke-induced changes in the murine vocal folds: a Raman spectroscopic observation. Analyst 2021; 145:7709-7717. [PMID: 32996925 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopic methods are being projected as novel tools to study the early invisible molecular level changes in a label-free manner. In the present study, we have used Raman spectroscopy to explore the earliest biochemical changes in murine vocal folds in response to time-bound cigarette smoke exposure. Mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 or 4-weeks through a customized smoke inhalation system. The larynx was collected and initial evaluations using standard methods of analysis such as histopathology and immunofluorescence was performed. Concurrent unstained sections were used for Raman imaging. Two common pathological features of vocal fold disorders including alterations in collagen content and epithelial hypercellularity, or hyperplasia, were observed. The mean spectra, principal component analysis, and Raman mapping also revealed differences in the collagen content and hypercellularity in the smoke exposed tissues. The differences in 2-week exposed tissues were found to be more prominent as compared to 4-week. This was attributed to adaptive responses and the already reported biphasic effects, which suggest that collagen synthesis is significantly reduced at higher cigarette smoke concentrations. Overall findings of the study are supportive of the prospective application of Raman imaging in monitoring changes due to cigarette smoke in the vocal folds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Erickson-DiRenzo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Krishnan V, Awana M, Singh A, Goswami S, Vinutha T, Kumar RR, Singh SP, Sathyavathi T, Sachdev A, Praveen S. Starch molecular configuration and starch-sugar homeostasis: Key determinants of sweet sensory perception and starch hydrolysis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1087-1095. [PMID: 33965496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Starch-sugar homeostasis and starch molecular configuration regulates the dynamics of starch digestibility which result in sweet sensory perception and eliciting glycemic response, which has been measured in vitro as inherent glycemic potential (IGP). The objective of the research was to understand the key determinants of IGP as well as sweetness in different Pearl millet (PM) genotypes. To understand the intricate balance between starch and sugar, total starch content (TSC) and total soluble sugars (TSS) were evaluated. Higher concentrations of TSC (67.8%), TSS (2.75%), glucose (0.78%) and sucrose (1.68%) were found in Jafarabadi Bajra. Considering the role of compact molecular configuration of starch towards digestibility, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed. A-type crystallinity with crystallinity degree (CD %) ranged from 53.53-62.63% among different genotypes, where the least CD% (53.53%) was found in Jafarabadi Bajra. In vitro starch hydrolyzation kinetics carried out to determine IGP, revealed a maximum of 77.05% IGP with minimum 1.42% resistant starch (RS) in Jafarabadi Bajra. Overall our results suggest higher sweet sensory perception of Jafarabadi Bajra which is contributed by the matrix composition with least molecular compactness of starch. Also, the interdependence among starch quality parameters; CD%, IGP, RS and amylose has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veda Krishnan
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Monika Awana
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - T Vinutha
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - S P Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Tara Sathyavathi
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet (AICRP-PM), ICAR, Jodhpur, India
| | - Archana Sachdev
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.
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Ranjan R, Singh P, Singh SP, Gururaj K, Kharche SD, Singh MK. Status of Beta Defensin-1 and its Effect on Post-thaw Semen Fertility Gene Expression in Indian Goat Breed. Cryo Letters 2021; 42:137-145. [PMID: 33970991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defensins are antimicrobial peptides and uniformly spans the entire sperm surface and is not exclusive to a specific domain. Goat β-defensin-1 helps in initiation of motility and capacitation of sperm. OBJECTIVE To know the status of β-defensin-1 in blood, semen and its effect on post thaw fertility gene expression in Indian goat breeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semen was extended and divided for estimation of β-defensin-1 and cryopreserved having different concentrations of β-defensin-1. RESULTS Bet defensin-1 concentration (pg/mL) in neat semen, sperm pellet and seminal plasma was significantly higher (P< 0.05) in goat breed Barbari followed by Jamunapari and Jakhrana. β-defensing-1 was also high in Jakhrana blood followed by Barbari and Jamunapari. The post thaw motility, live sperm, acrosome intactness and hypo osmotic swelled sperms were significantly higher (P< 0.05) with 10 ng/mL β-defensin in the semen dilutor. CONCLUSION Beta defensin (10 ng/mL) in semen dilutor may be used as immuno-modulator to get better post thaw quality suitable for artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ranjan
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India. or
| | - P Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - S P Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - K Gururaj
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - S D Kharche
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
| | - M K Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India
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Santosh P, Adams L, Fiori F, Davidović N, de Girolamo G, Dieleman GC, Franić T, Heaney N, Lievesley K, Madan J, Maras A, Mastroianni M, McNicholas F, Paul M, Purper-Ouakil D, Sagar-Ouriaghli I, Schulze U, Signorini G, Street C, Tah P, Tremmery S, Tuomainen H, Verhulst FC, Warwick J, Wolke D, Singh J, Singh SP. Protocol for the development and validation procedure of the managing the link and strengthening transition from child to adult mental health care (MILESTONE) suite of measures. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32299401 PMCID: PMC7161143 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health disorders in the child and adolescent population are a pressing public health concern. Despite the high prevalence of psychopathology in this vulnerable population, the transition from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) to Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) has many obstacles such as deficiencies in planning, organisational readiness and policy gaps. All these factors contribute to an inadequate and suboptimal transition process. A suite of measures is required that would allow young people to be assessed in a structured and standardised way to determine the on-going need for care and to improve communication across clinicians at CAMHS and AMHS. This will have the potential to reduce the overall health economic burden and could also improve the quality of life for patients travelling across the transition boundary. The MILESTONE (Managing the Link and Strengthening Transition from Child to Adult Mental Health Care) project aims to address the significant socioeconomic and societal challenge related to the transition process. This protocol paper describes the development of two MILESTONE transition-related measures: The Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM), designed to be a decision-making aide for clinicians, and the Transition Related Outcome Measure (TROM), for examining the outcome of transition. Methods The TRAM and TROM have been developed and were validated following the US FDA Guidance for Patient-reported Outcome Measures which follows an incremental stepwise framework. The study gathers information from service users, parents, families and mental health care professionals who have experience working with young people undergoing the transition process from eight European countries. Discussion There is an urgent need for comprehensive measures that can assess transition across the CAMHS/AMHS boundary. This study protocol describes the process of development of two new transition measures: the TRAM and TROM. The TRAM has the potential to nurture better transitions as the findings can be summarised and provided to clinicians as a clinician-decision making support tool for identifying cases who need to transition and the TROM can be used to examine the outcomes of the transition process. Trial registration MILESTONE study registration: ISRCTN83240263 Registered 23-July-2015 - ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03013595 Registered 6 January 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Santosh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. .,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK.
| | - L Adams
- School of Psychology, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - F Fiori
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK
| | - N Davidović
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
| | - G de Girolamo
- Unità di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - G C Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Franić
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
| | - N Heaney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Lievesley
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Madan
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - A Maras
- Yulius Academy, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Mastroianni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F McNicholas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University College Dublin School of Medicine and Medical Science, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Geary Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Department of Child Psychiatry, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Lucena Clinic, SJOG, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - M Paul
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - D Purper-Ouakil
- CHU Montpellier / University of Montpellier; Saint Eloi Hospital, Médecine Psychlogique de l'enfant et de adolescent (MPEA1), Montpellier, France
| | - I Sagar-Ouriaghli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - U Schulze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Signorini
- Unità di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Street
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - P Tah
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - S Tremmery
- Department of Neurosciences, Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Tuomainen
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Warwick
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - D Wolke
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Singh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S P Singh
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes cause severe damage to the various agricultural crops, leading to economic losses for farmers. Therefore, identification and development of novel and environmentally benign nematicides is critically important. In this study, a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) formulation was synthesized, characterized, and investigated as a potential nematicide against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne gramnicola, on rice (Oryza sativa). A series of lab assays (water and sand screening) and glasshouse experiments (using soilless system, autoclaved soil, and naturally infested soil) were conducted to examine the nematicidal effects of AgNP. The results from lab assays revealed 0.1 μg/ml as the minimum concentration for 100% irreversible nematode mortality after 12 hr in the water screening test. However, results from the sand screening test indicated 100% nematicidal effect of AgNP at 2 μg/ml after 24 hr of incubation. In glasshouse assays in soilless system of rice cultivation, 1 μg/ml concentration of AgNP applied directly to the trays achieved significant suppression of root gall formation. The effective dosage to kill nematodes in field soil assays was determined to be 3 μg/ml, which is lower than the value of 150 μg/ml reported in the literature. No visible adverse effect of AgNP was observed on seed germination or plant growth in all the experiments. The results indicate that AgNP has effective nematicidal activity against M. graminicola in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Baronia
- Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Nematodes in Agriculture, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S P Singh
- Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - R K Walia
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Nematodes in Agriculture, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Singh J, Singh SP. Geopolymerization of solid waste of non-ferrous metallurgy - A review. J Environ Manage 2019; 251:109571. [PMID: 31546140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for non-ferrous metals (Aluminium, Copper, Nickle, Lead and Zinc) has grown the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, which generate huge amount of solid waste. Most common method for the disposal of these solid wastes is dumping at sites, which pollutes the soil and water and covers the useful land. Geopolymerization technique can be very helpful for the safe disposal of these solid wastes, which converts the solid wastes into valuable construction materials such as binders, mortar, bricks, paving blocks and concrete etc. However, to commercialize the use of these construction products, some key aspects require detailed examination. Alternative techniques and materials will have to be identified to increase their reactivity in geopolymerization and in-depth knowledge of reaction mechanism, mix design, strength and durability characteristics of resulting geopolymer will have to be studied. The present paper reviews the important studies on geopolymerization of different solid wastes produced from non-ferrous industry. The optimum synthesis parameters such as alkali activators, curing temperature, curing time and molar ratio etc. for the geopolymerization of these solid wastes are reported and exiting gaps and future trends are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagmeet Singh
- Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India.
| | - S P Singh
- Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India.
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Singh K, Singh SP, Kaur G, Bose K. Association of body mass index and upper arm body composition with depressive symptoms in old age home and family based elderly. Homo 2019; 70:155-162. [PMID: 31486826 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The following study was designed to find out the association of the mid-upper arm body composition and body mass index (BMI) with depressive symptoms among the old age home based (group 1) and family based elderly (group 2) subjects. In group 1 elderly males, 51.5% were showing mild depressive symptoms and 17% were showing moderate to severe depressive symptoms. On the other hand, among group 2 elderly males, prevalence of mild depressive symptoms was in 27% and moderate to severe depressive symptoms was in 4.5% of the subjects. Among elderly with and without depressive symptoms, BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), arm muscle circumference (AMC), arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA), fat mass (FM), muscle mass and bone mass were significantly (p < 0.01) lesser among group 1 as compared to group 2. Among group 1, the AFA (R2 change = 0.178), AMC (R2 change = 0.035), AMA (R2 change = 0.032), FM (R2 change = 0.022) and muscle mass (R2 change = 0.019) have highest contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms. On the other hand, BMI (R2 change = 0.04) and WHR (R2 change = 0.03) had the highest, though small, contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms among group 2. The upper arm body composition indices were better indicator of depressive symptoms in group 1, and BMI and WHR were better indicators of depressive symptoms in group 2. Therefore, among group 1 subjects, the upper arm body composition indices prove to be better regular health monitoring indices as compared to traditionally used BMI and WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Ginjinder Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Bose
- Department of Anthropology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Prof, Unit of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthpaedics, Oral Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
| | - Sanjeev Verma
- Asst. Prof, Unit of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Singh SP, Xia A, Tusty M, Victorovich Malkovskiy A, Easwaran M, Zarabanda D, Valdez TA. Identification of early inflammatory changes in the tympanic membrane with Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2019; 144:6721-6728. [PMID: 31612878 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01772k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tympanic membrane (TM) is a dynamic structure that separates the middle ear from the external auditory canal. It is also integral for the transmission of sound waves. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to identify early chemical changes resulting from inflammation in the TM that can serve as an indicator of acute otitis media. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected trans-tympanicaly in a murine model. Presence of inflammatory response was assessed with binocular microscopy, confirmed with histopathology and immunofluorescence staining. Successful discrimination suggesting spectral differences among the control and LPS treated groups was achieved using principal component analysis. Raman imaging revealed major differences in collagen distribution and nucleic acid content. Image segmentation analysis on the trichrome stained tissue sections was performed to corroborate the Raman spectra. The spectral co-localization study suggests changes in the expression of collagen IV specific signals in LPS treated samples. The overall findings of the study support prospective application of RS in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Anping Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Mahbuba Tusty
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | | | - Meena Easwaran
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - David Zarabanda
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Tulio A Valdez
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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Singh SP, Ramachandran N, Sharma N, Goel AK, de Sousa NM, Beckers JF, Swain DK, Singh MK, Kharche SD. Relationship of foetal number and parity in Barbari goats to plasma profile of caprine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (caPAG) during gestation and the early postpartum period. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 210:106190. [PMID: 31635784 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to characterise pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (caPAG) in peripheral plasma during gestation and postpartum periods of nulliparous and multiparous does with one or two foetuses using a caPAG specific two-step sandwich ELISA system. Earliest time-points for detection of pregnancy and foetal number with appropriate cut-off values were identified. Plasma samples from 15 pregnant (multiparous: n = 8; nulliparous: n = 7; during pregnancy and postpartum period) and six non-pregnant (during oestrous cycle) goats were collected and analysed. Mean caPAG concentration was greater than the threshold for pregnancy detection (S-N = 0.40) on d22, peaked on d45 and remained unchanged until parturition. From d45 until parturition, caPAG concentration in multiparous does with two foetuses was 1.4 to 1.8 fold greater (P < 0.001) than those with one foetus. For the ELISA, 0.83 (S-N) was the most appropriate cut-off to differentiate does with two from those with a single foetus with an overall sensitivity and accuracy of 88.9% and 84.7%, respectively. Circulating caPAG concentration in multiparous goats was greater (P < 0.05) compared with nulliparous goats during the early pregnancy and postpartum periods. After parturition, caPAG concentrations markedly decreased and were basal within 14 days postpartum. In conclusion, using the caPAG specific ELISA, results indicated there were unique gestational and postpartum profiles for caPAG concentrations that are affected by number of foetuses and parity of the doe. The marked decrease in concentration of caPAG following parturition indicates there would not be compromising of the detection of subsequent pregnancies in goats using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - N Ramachandran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Goel
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N M de Sousa
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - J F Beckers
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - D K Swain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S D Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dua S, Singh SP, Chawla A, Mohan L, Bhattacharya A, Basannar DR. Ventilatory parameters at rest after months of stay at 3300 m: A comparison between acclimatized lowlanders and natives at Leh. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:274-281. [PMID: 31388229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increased pulmonary ventilation helps lowlanders and natives to maintain arterial oxygenation at high altitudes. Natives of Ladakh have been shown to have similar ventilatory parameters as Tibetans at 3300 m. But there is limited literature comparing these parameters in Ladakhi natives with acclimatized lowland sojourners. Methods End-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (EtCO2), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) were measured in 276 participants, 126 native highlanders (NHL - 40 females, 86 males) and 150 acclimatized lowlanders (ALL - 60 females, 90 males). Results EtCO2 was greater in the NHL compared to the ALL, (33.8 ± 3.3 vs 31 ± 2.5 mmHg) although SpO2 was lower (90.9 ± 2.4 vs 91.7 ± 2.3%). When grouped by sex, NHL males had significantly greater EtCO2 than NHL females, ALL males and ALL females. Hb and calculated arterial oxygen content was similar in Ladakhis and acclimatized lowlanders, although greater in males compared to females. Systemic blood pressure, heart rate and the proportion of hypertensives was significantly greater in the ALL. Conclusion Native Ladakhis, have a significantly greater resting EtCO2 (especially in males) and lower SpO2 than acclimatized lowlanders. Blood Hb concentration and oxygen content is, however, similar in natives and acclimatized lowlanders of the same sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelka Dua
- Classified Specialist (Physiology), 165 Military Hospital, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Anuj Chawla
- Senior Adviser (Physiology), Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, Delhi, India
| | - Latika Mohan
- Professor & Head (Physiology), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anirban Bhattacharya
- Research Pool Officer, High Altitude Medical Research Centre, Leh, Ladakh, India
| | - D R Basannar
- Scientist 'F', Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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Sikri G, Kotwal A, Singh SP, Bhattachar S, Bhatia SS, Dutt M, Srinath N. Is it time to revise the acclimatization schedule at high altitude? Evidence from a field trial in Western Himalayas. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:251-258. [PMID: 31388226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Western Himalayas, Indian Army soldiers take 11 days (6 days of acclimatization and 5 days of travel) on a sea-level to high altitude road (SH road) to reach a high altitude location (HAL) situated at an altitude of 11,500 feet from sea-level location (SLL) at an altitude of 1150 feet while following acclimatization schedule (AS). AS has an extra safety margin over the conventional 'mountaineering thumb rule' of not exceeding 500 m sleeping altitude above 3000 m altitude. We carried out this randomised field trial to study the feasibility of moving large number of troops rapidly from SLL to HAL on SH road in western Himalayas in 4 days under pharmaco-prophylaxis. Methods Based on the pharmaco-prophylaxis, at SLL 508 healthy lowland soldiers were divided into two groups: 'A' (n = 256) with Acetazolamide + Dexamethasone and 'B' (n = 252) with Acetazolamide + Placebo. They travelled rapidly by road to HAL in 4 days and prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) during the ascent was measured. Results Prevalence of AMS was found to be 1.56% and 1.59% in group 'A' and group 'B' respectively during the ascent with no cases of HAPE and HACE. Conclusion At least on SH road, troops can be inducted rapidly to HAL from SLL in 4 days under pharmaco-prophylaxis with Acetazolamide with minimal occurrence of acute high altitude illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sikri
- Professor and Head, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - Atul Kotwal
- Dy DGAFMS (Pensions), O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - Srinivasa Bhattachar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - S S Bhatia
- Commandant, Military Hospital Mhow, C/o 56 APO, India
| | - Manohar Dutt
- Commanding Officer, 4002 Field Hospital, C/o 56 APO, India
| | - N Srinath
- Consultant (Surgery), O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi, 110001, India
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Moorchung N, Puri B, Bhatti V, Lahareesh BL, Singh SP, Sitaram WT. In the search of a 'fitness gene': an analysis of ACTN gene polymorphisms in serving soldiers. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:246-250. [PMID: 31388225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms in the exon 15 and exon 16 of the ACTN3 gene are believed to be associated with athletic performance. Paratroopers are some of the fittest soldiers in the Indian Armed Forces. This study was taken up to assess if there was a significant difference in the genetic profile between paratroopers and non-paratroopers. Method Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction length fragment polymorphism (RFLP) was used to analyse the genetic polymorphisms in the exon 15 and 16 of the ACTN3 gene. Results There was a significant difference between paratroopers and non-paratroopers in the polymorphic loci at codon 15 and 16. Conclusions The study suggests that there is a significant difference in the genotype between paratroopers and non-paratroopers. It is likely that the differences in muscle fibres as a result of these genotypic changes confer a 'survival advantage'; people with a homozygous genotype are more likely to pass the harsh probation and qualify for the Parachute Regiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Moorchung
- Assistant Director, Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bengaluru 560066, India
| | - Bipin Puri
- Director General Armed Forces Medical Services, O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Vijay Bhatti
- Director (H) AFMS, O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S P Singh
- DADMS, HQ CE (P) Swastik, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - Wankhede Tanaji Sitaram
- Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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Kedia S, Sharma R, Makharia G, Ahuja V, Desai D, Kandasamy D, Eapen A, Ganesan K, Ghoshal UC, Kalra N, Karthikeyan R, Madhusudhan KS, Philip M, Puri A, Puri S, Sinha SK, Banerjee R, Bhatia S, Bhat N, Dadhich S, Dhali GK, Goswami BD, Issar SK, Jayanthi V, Misra SP, Nijhawan S, Puri P, Sarkar A, Singh SP, Srivastava A, Abraham P, Ramakrishna BS. Indian guidelines on imaging of the small intestine in Crohn's disease: A joint Indian Society of Gastroenterology and Indian Radiology and Imaging Association consensus statement. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2019; 29:111-132. [PMID: 31367083 PMCID: PMC6639863 DOI: 10.4103/ijri.ijri_153_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) Task Force on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) developed combined ISG-IRIA evidence-based best-practice guidelines for imaging of the small intestine in patients suspected to have or having Crohn's disease. The 29 consensus statements, developed through a modified Delphi process, are intended to serve as reference for teaching, clinical practice, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raju Sharma
- Radiadiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Govind Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Anu Eapen
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Ganesan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Naveen Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Karthikeyan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mathew Philip
- Department of Gastroenterology, PVS Memorial Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Amarender Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Puri
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Saroj K Sinha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shobna Bhatia
- Department of Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Naresh Bhat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil Dadhich
- Department of Gastroenterology, SN Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - G K Dhali
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - B D Goswami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - S K Issar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattishgarh, India
| | - V Jayanthi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - S P Misra
- Department of Gastroenterology, MLN Medical College, Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Sandeep Nijhawan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Pankaj Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Military Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avik Sarkar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Anshu Srivastava
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Philip Abraham
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - B S Ramakrishna
- Department of Gastroenterology, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chennai, India
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Sandhu N, Subedi SR, Singh VK, Sinha P, Kumar S, Singh SP, Ghimire SK, Pandey M, Yadaw RB, Varshney RK, Kumar A. Deciphering the genetic basis of root morphology, nutrient uptake, yield, and yield-related traits in rice under dry direct-seeded cultivation systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9334. [PMID: 31249338 PMCID: PMC6597570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of global water scarcity, a successful transition of rice cultivation from puddled to dry direct-seeded rice (DDSR) is a future need. A genome-wide association study was performed on a complex mapping population for 39 traits: 9 seedling-establishment traits, 14 root and nutrient-uptake traits, 5 plant morphological traits, 4 lodging resistance traits, and 7 yield and yield-contributing traits. A total of 10 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were found along with 25 QTLs associated with 25 traits. The percent phenotypic variance explained by SNPs ranged from 8% to 84%. Grain yield was found to be significantly and positively correlated with seedling-establishment traits, root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain yield-contributing traits. The genomic colocation of different root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain-yield-contributing traits further supports the role of root morphological traits in improving nutrient uptake and grain yield under DDSR. The QTLs/candidate genes underlying the significant MTAs were identified. The identified promising progenies carrying these QTLs may serve as potential donors to be exploited in genomics-assisted breeding programs for improving grain yield and adaptability under DDSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitika Sandhu
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sushil Raj Subedi
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal.,National Rice Research Program, Hardinath, Nepal
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallavi Sinha
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S P Singh
- Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | | | - Madhav Pandey
- Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | | | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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