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Uusküla A, Rannap J, Weijler L, Abagiu A, Arendt V, Barrio G, Barros H, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Casabona J, Croes E, Jarlais DD, Seguin-Devaux C, Dudás M, Eritsyan K, Folch C, Hatzakis A, Heimer R, Heinsbroek E, Hope V, Jipa R, Ķīvīte-Urtāne A, Levina O, Lyubimova A, Malczewski A, Matser A, McAuley A, Meireles P, Mravčík V, Op de Coul E, Ojavee SE, Parés-Badell O, Prins M, Pulido J, Romanyak E, Rosinska M, Seyler T, Stone J, Sypsa V, Talu A, Tarján A, Taylor A, Vickerman P, Vorobjov S, Dolan K, Wiessing L. Incarceration history is associated with HIV infection among community-recruited people who inject drugs in Europe: A propensity-score matched analysis of cross-sectional studies. Addiction 2023; 118:2177-2192. [PMID: 37991429 DOI: 10.1111/add.16283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We measured the association between a history of incarceration and HIV positivity among people who inject drugs (PWID) across Europe. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This was a cross-sectional, multi-site, multi-year propensity-score matched analysis conducted in Europe. Participants comprised community-recruited PWID who reported a recent injection (within the last 12 months). MEASUREMENTS Data on incarceration history, demographics, substance use, sexual behavior and harm reduction service use originated from cross-sectional studies among PWID in Europe. Our primary outcome was HIV status. Generalized linear mixed models and propensity-score matching were used to compare HIV status between ever- and never-incarcerated PWID. FINDINGS Among 43 807 PWID from 82 studies surveyed (in 22 sites and 13 countries), 58.7% reported having ever been in prison and 7.16% (n = 3099) tested HIV-positive. Incarceration was associated with 30% higher odds of HIV infection [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09-1.59]; the association between a history of incarceration and HIV infection was strongest among PWID, with the lowest estimated propensity-score for having a history of incarceration (aOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.47-2.16). Additionally, mainly injecting cocaine and/or opioids (aOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.33-3.53), increased duration of injecting drugs (per 8 years aOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.16-1.48), ever sharing needles/syringes (aOR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.59-2.28) and increased income inequality among the general population (measured by the Gini index, aOR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18-1.51) were associated with a higher odds of HIV infection. Older age (per 8 years aOR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76-0.94), male sex (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65-0.91) and reporting pharmacies as the main source of clean syringes (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59-0.88) were associated with lower odds of HIV positivity. CONCLUSIONS A history of incarceration appears to be independently associated with HIV infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Europe, with a stronger effect among PWID with lower probability of incarceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Uusküla
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Rannap
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lisa Weijler
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adrian Abagiu
- National Institute for Infectious diseases 'Professor Dr Matei Bals', Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vic Arendt
- Service National des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Gregorio Barrio
- National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Henrique Barros
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Catalonia Public Health Agency (ASPCAT), Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Don Des Jarlais
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, 10012, USA
| | - Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Mária Dudás
- National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ksenia Eritsyan
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Catalonia Public Health Agency (ASPCAT), Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angelos Hatzakis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Robert Heimer
- Department of the Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ellen Heinsbroek
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, STI & HIV Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Vivian Hope
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, STI & HIV Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
- Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raluca Jipa
- National Institute for Infectious diseases 'Professor Dr Matei Bals', Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Olga Levina
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, St Petersburg, Russia
- Acuity Systems, Herndon, VA, USA
| | - Alexandra Lyubimova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artur Malczewski
- EMCDDA Polish National Focal Point, National Bureau for Drug Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Amy Matser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection andd Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew McAuley
- Public Health Scotland, Meridian Court, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Paula Meireles
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Viktor Mravčík
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Společnost Podané ruce, Brno, Czech Republic
- Klinika Podané ruce, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eline Op de Coul
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Sven E Ojavee
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Prins
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection andd Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - José Pulido
- National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Public Health and Maternal and Child Health, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Magdalena Rosinska
- Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Institute of Public Health NIH, National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thomas Seyler
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jack Stone
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Vana Sypsa
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ave Talu
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anna Tarján
- Hungarian Reitox National Focal Point, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Avril Taylor
- Emeritus Professor of Public Health, School of Education and Social Sciences, University of West Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, UK
| | - Peter Vickerman
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sigrid Vorobjov
- Department of Drug and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kate Dolan
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lucas Wiessing
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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Santos da Silva E, Servais JY, Kohnen M, Arendt V, Staub T, Krüger R, Fagherazzi G, Wilmes P, Hübschen JM, Ollert M, Perez-Bercoff D, Seguin-Devaux C. Validation of a SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Neutralization Test Detecting Neutralizing Antibodies against the Major Variants of Concern. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14965. [PMID: 37834413 PMCID: PMC10573711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination elicit a broad range of neutralizing antibody responses against the different variants of concern (VOC). We established a new variant-adapted surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) and assessed the neutralization activity against the ancestral B.1 (WT) and VOC Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5. Analytical performances were compared against the respective VOC to the reference virus neutralization test (VNT) and two CE-IVD labeled kits using three different cohorts collected during the COVID-19 waves. Correlation analyses showed moderate to strong correlation for Omicron sub-variants (Spearman's r = 0.7081 for BA.1, r = 0.7205 for BA.2, and r = 0.6042 for BA.5), and for WT (r = 0.8458) and Delta-sVNT (r = 0.8158), respectively. Comparison of the WT-sVNT performance with two CE-IVD kits, the "Icosagen SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody ELISA kit" and the "Genscript cPass, kit" revealed an overall good correlation ranging from 0.8673 to -0.8773 and a midway profile between both commercial kits with 87.76% sensitivity and 90.48% clinical specificity. The BA.2-sVNT performance was similar to the BA.2 Genscript test. Finally, a correlation analysis revealed a strong association (r = 0.8583) between BA.5-sVNT and VNT sVNT using a double-vaccinated cohort (n = 100) and an Omicron-breakthrough infection cohort (n = 91). In conclusion, the sVNT allows for the efficient prediction of immune protection against the various VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Santos da Silva
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (E.S.d.S.); (J.-Y.S.); (J.M.H.); (M.O.); (D.P.-B.)
| | - Jean-Yves Servais
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (E.S.d.S.); (J.-Y.S.); (J.M.H.); (M.O.); (D.P.-B.)
| | - Michel Kohnen
- National Service of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 4 Rue Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.K.); (V.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Vic Arendt
- National Service of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 4 Rue Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.K.); (V.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Therese Staub
- National Service of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 4 Rue Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (M.K.); (V.A.); (T.S.)
| | | | | | - Rejko Krüger
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health; Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, 4 rue Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1AB Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
| | - Paul Wilmes
- Systems Ecology Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, 7 Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Judith M. Hübschen
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (E.S.d.S.); (J.-Y.S.); (J.M.H.); (M.O.); (D.P.-B.)
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (E.S.d.S.); (J.-Y.S.); (J.M.H.); (M.O.); (D.P.-B.)
| | - Danielle Perez-Bercoff
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (E.S.d.S.); (J.-Y.S.); (J.M.H.); (M.O.); (D.P.-B.)
| | - Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 Rue Henri Koch, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (E.S.d.S.); (J.-Y.S.); (J.M.H.); (M.O.); (D.P.-B.)
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3
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Trøseid M, Arribas JR, Assoumou L, Holten AR, Poissy J, Terzić V, Mazzaferri F, Baño JR, Eustace J, Hites M, Joannidis M, Paiva JA, Reuter J, Püntmann I, Patrick-Brown TDJH, Westerheim E, Nezvalova-Henriksen K, Beniguel L, Dahl TB, Bouscambert M, Halanova M, Péterfi Z, Tsiodras S, Rezek M, Briel M, Ünal S, Schlegel M, Ader F, Lacombe K, Amdal CD, Rodrigues S, Tonby K, Gaudet A, Heggelund L, Mootien J, Johannessen A, Møller JH, Pollan BD, Tveita AA, Kildal AB, Richard JC, Dalgard O, Simensen VC, Baldé A, de Gastines L, del Álamo M, Aydin B, Lund-Johansen F, Trabaud MA, Diallo A, Halvorsen B, Røttingen JA, Tacconelli E, Yazdanpanah Y, Olsen IC, Costagliola D, Dyrhol-Riise AM, Stiksrud B, Jenum S, MacPherson ME, Aarskog NR, Røstad K, Skeie LG, Dahl Å, Steen JK, Nur S, Segers F, Korsan KA, Sethupathy A, Sandstå AJ, Paulsen GJ, Ueland T, Michelsen A, Aukrust P, Berdal JE, Melkeraaen I, Tollefsen MM, Andreassen J, Dokken J, Müller KE, Woll BM, Opsand H, Bogen M, Rød LT, Steinsvik T, Åsheim-Hansen B, Bjerkreim RH, Berg Å, Moen S, Kvalheim S, Strand K, Gravrok B, Skogen V, Lorentzen EM, Schive SW, Rossvoll L, Hoel H, Engebråten S, Martinsson MS, Thallinger M, Ådnanes E, Hannula R, Bremnes N, Liyanarachi K, Ehrnström B, Kvalshaug M, Berge K, Bygdås M, Gustafsson L, AballiB S, Strand M, Andersen B, Aukrust P, Barratt-Due A, Henriksen KN, Kåsine T, Dyrhol-Riise AM, Berdal JE, Favory R, Nseir S, Preau S, Jourdain M, Ledoux G, Durand A, Houard M, Moreau AS, Rouzé A, Tortuyaux R, Degouy G, Levy C, Liu V, Dognon N, Mariller L, Delcourte C, Reguig Z, Cerf A, Cuvelliez M, Kipnis E, Boyer-Beysserre M, Bignon A, Parmentier L, Meddour D, Frade S, Timsit JF, Peiffer-Smadja N, Wicky PH, De Montmollin E, Bouadma L, Dessajan J, Sonneville R, Patrier J, Presente S, Sylia Z, Rioux C, Thy M, Collias L, Bouaraba Y, Dobremel N, Dureau AF, Oudeville P, Pointurier V, Rabouel Y, Stiel L, Alzina C, Ramstein C, Ait-Oufella H, Hamoudi F, Urbina T, Zerbib Y, Maizel J, Wilpotte C, Piroth L, Blot M, Sixt T, Moretto F, Charles C, Gohier S, Roux D, Le Breton C, Gernez C, Thiry I, Baboi L, Malvy D, Boyer A, Perreau P, Armellini M, De Luca G, Di Pietro OSMM, Romanin B, Brogi M, Castelli F, Amadasi S, Barchiesi F, Canovari B, Coppola N, Pisaturo M, Russo A, Occhiello L, Cataldo F, Rillo MM, Queiruga J, Seco E, Stewart S, Borobia AM, Moraga P, Prieto R, García I, Rivera C, Narro JL, Chacón N, de la Rosa S, Macías M, Barrera L, Serna A, Palomo V, Sánchez MIG, Gutiérrez D, Campos AS, Garfia MÁG, Toyos EB, Cabrera JS, Lucena MI, Lapique EL, Englert P, Khalil Z, Jacobs F, Malaise J, Mukangenzi O, Smissaert C, Hildebrand M, Martiny D, Vervacke A, Scarnière A, Yin N, Michel C, Seyler L, Allard S, Van Laethem J, Verschelden G, Meeuwissen A, De Waele A, Van Buggenhout V, Monteyne D, Noppe N, Belkhir L, Yombi JC, De Greef J, Mesland JB, De Ghellinck L, Kin V, D’Aoust C, Bouvier A, Dekeister AC, Hawia E, Gaillet A, Deshorme H, Halleux S, Galand V, Roncon-Albuquerque R, Santos LL, Vieira CB, Magalhaes R, Ferreira S, Bernardo M, Jackson A, Sadlier C, O’Connell S, Blair M, Manning E, Cusack F, Kelly N, Stephenson H, Keane R, Murphy A, Cunnane M, Keane F, O’Regan MC, de Barra E, Bellone AM, O’Regan S, Carey P, Harte J, Coakley P, Heeney A, Ryan D, Curley G, McConkey S, Sulaiman I, Costello R, McNally C, Foley C, Trainor S, Jacob B, Vengathodi S, Kent B, Bergin C, Townsend L, Kerr C, Panti N, Sanz AG, Benny B, Dea EO, Galvin N, Burke C, Galvin A, Aisiyabi S, Lobo D, Laffey J, McNicolas B, Cosgrave D, Sheehan JR, Nita C, Hanley C, Kelly C, Kernan M, Murray J, Staub T, Henin T, Damilot G, Bintener T, Colling J, Ferretti C, Werer C, Stammet P, Braquet P, Arendt V, Calvo E, Michaux C, Mediouni C, Znati A, Montanes G, Garcia L, Thomé C, Breitkopf R, Peer A, Lehner G, Bellman R, Ditlbacher A, Finkenstedt A, Zotter K, Hernandez CP, Rajsic S, Lanthaler B, Greil R, Tamás K, Kovácsné-Levang S, Sipos D, Kappéter A, Halda-Kiss B, Madarassi-Papp E, Hajdu E, Bende B, Konstantinos T, Moschopoulos C, Labrou E, Tsakona M, Grigoropoulos I, Kotanidou A, Fragkou P, Theodorakopoulou M, Pantazi E, Jahai E, Moukouli M, Siafakas D, Mühlbauer B, Dembinski R, Stich K, Schneider G, Nagy A, Grodová K, Kubelová M, Součková L, Švábová HK, Demlová R, Sonderlichová S, Unal S, Inkaya AC, de Bono S, Kartman CE, Adams DH, Crowe B, Yazdanapanah Y, Unal S, Schneider G, Mühlbauer B, Ødegård T, Bakkehøi G, Autran B, Bjørås M, Lambellerie XD, Mezzarri F, Guedj J, Esperou H, Lumbroso J, Welte T, Calmy A, Pischke S, Treweek S, Goetghebeur E, Doussau A, Weiss L, Hulstaert F, Botgros R, del Alamo M, Chung F, Lumbroso J, Zeitlinger M, Escalera BN, Csajka C, Williams C, Amstutz A, Rüegg CS, Burdet C, Massonnaud C, Belhadi D, Mentré F, Aroun M, Mentré F, Ehrmann S, Espoerou H, Burdet C, Falk RS, Bjordal K, Bakkehøi G, Ødegård T, Barratt-Due A. Efficacy and safety of baricitinib in hospitalized adults with severe or critical COVID-19 (Bari-SolidAct): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Crit Care 2023; 27:9. [PMID: 36627655 PMCID: PMC9830601 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baricitinib has shown efficacy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, but no placebo-controlled trials have focused specifically on severe/critical COVID, including vaccinated participants. METHODS Bari-SolidAct is a phase-3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, enrolling participants from June 3, 2021 to March 7, 2022, stopped prematurely for external evidence. Patients with severe/critical COVID-19 were randomised to Baricitinib 4 mg once daily or placebo, added to standard of care. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality within 60 days. Participants were remotely followed to day 90 for safety and patient related outcome measures. RESULTS Two hundred ninety-nine patients were screened, 284 randomised, and 275 received study drug or placebo and were included in the modified intent-to-treat analyses (139 receiving baricitinib and 136 placebo). Median age was 60 (IQR 49-69) years, 77% were male and 35% had received at least one dose of SARS-CoV2 vaccine. There were 21 deaths at day 60 in each group, 15.1% in the baricitinib group and 15.4% in the placebo group (adjusted absolute difference and 95% CI - 0.1% [- 8·3 to 8·0]). In sensitivity analysis censoring observations after drug discontinuation or rescue therapy (tocilizumab/increased steroid dose), proportions of death were 5.8% versus 8.8% (- 3.2% [- 9.0 to 2.7]), respectively. There were 148 serious adverse events in 46 participants (33.1%) receiving baricitinib and 155 in 51 participants (37.5%) receiving placebo. In subgroup analyses, there was a potential interaction between vaccination status and treatment allocation on 60-day mortality. In a subsequent post hoc analysis there was a significant interaction between vaccination status and treatment allocation on the occurrence of serious adverse events, with more respiratory complications and severe infections in vaccinated participants treated with baricitinib. Vaccinated participants were on average 11 years older, with more comorbidities. CONCLUSION This clinical trial was prematurely stopped for external evidence and therefore underpowered to conclude on a potential survival benefit of baricitinib in severe/critical COVID-19. We observed a possible safety signal in vaccinated participants, who were older with more comorbidities. Although based on a post-hoc analysis, these findings warrant further investigation in other trials and real-world studies. Trial registration Bari-SolidAct is registered at NCT04891133 (registered May 18, 2021) and EUClinicalTrials.eu ( 2022-500385-99-00 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Trøseid
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Section for Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - José R. Arribas
- grid.81821.320000 0000 8970 9163Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain ,grid.512890.7Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lambert Assoumou
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Aleksander Rygh Holten
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julien Poissy
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Lille University, Lille, France/CHU Lille - Hôpital Roger Salengro, Lille, France ,grid.457369.aL’Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Paris, France
| | - Vida Terzić
- Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes, 75015 Paris, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Fulvia Mazzaferri
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jesús Rodríguez Baño
- grid.411375.50000 0004 1768 164XDepartment of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain ,grid.9224.d0000 0001 2168 1229University of Sevilla and Biomedicines Institute of Seville (IBiS)/CSIC, Seville, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joe Eustace
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Maya Hites
- grid.412157.40000 0000 8571 829XBrussels University Hospital-Erasme, Brussels, Belgium ,grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Joannidis
- grid.5361.10000 0000 8853 2677Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - José-Artur Paiva
- grid.414556.70000 0000 9375 4688Intensive Care Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Sao Joao, Porto, Portugal ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jean Reuter
- grid.418041.80000 0004 0578 0421Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Service de Réanimation-Soins Intensifs, 1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Isabel Püntmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hospital Group Gesundheit Nord gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thale D. J. H. Patrick-Brown
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elin Westerheim
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Section for Monitoring, Clinical Trial Unit (CTU), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katerina Nezvalova-Henriksen
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital and Oslo Hospital Pharmacy, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lydie Beniguel
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Tuva Børresdatter Dahl
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maude Bouscambert
- grid.413852.90000 0001 2163 3825Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut Des Agents Infectieux de Lyon, Centre National de Reference Des Virus Des Infections Respiratoires France Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon, France
| | - Monika Halanova
- grid.11175.330000 0004 0576 0391Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zoltán Péterfi
- grid.9679.10000 0001 0663 94791St Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ,grid.411449.d0000 0004 0622 4662University Hospital of Athens Attikon, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Rezek
- grid.412554.30000 0004 0609 2751St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Briel
- grid.410567.1Swiss Clinical Trial Organisation and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serhat Ünal
- grid.411920.f0000 0004 0642 1084Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Schlegel
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Florence Ader
- grid.413852.90000 0001 2163 3825Hospices Civils de Lyon, Département Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, 69004 Lyon, France ,grid.15140.310000 0001 2175 9188Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Inserm 1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Karine Lacombe
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre-Louis d’Épidemiologie Et de Santé Publique, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France ,grid.412370.30000 0004 1937 1100APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Cecilie Delphin Amdal
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Research support service and Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Serge Rodrigues
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Kristian Tonby
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Deptartment of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandre Gaudet
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Critical Care Center, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France ,grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection Et d’Immunité de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Lars Heggelund
- grid.459157.b0000 0004 0389 7802Medical Department, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Joy Mootien
- grid.414085.c0000 0000 9480 048XService, de Réanimation Médiale, GHRMSA Hopital Emile Muller, Mulhouse, France
| | - Asgeir Johannessen
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Department of Infectious Diseases, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Jannicke Horjen Møller
- grid.412835.90000 0004 0627 2891Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Beatriz Diaz Pollan
- grid.81821.320000 0000 8970 9163Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain ,grid.81821.320000 0000 8970 9163Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anders Aune Tveita
- grid.414168.e0000 0004 0627 3595Department of Medicine, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken, Bærum, Norway
| | - Anders Benjamin Kildal
- grid.412244.50000 0004 4689 5540Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jean-Christophe Richard
- grid.413306.30000 0004 4685 6736Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpital de La Croix - Rousse - HCL, Lyon, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389CREATIS INSERM U1206-CNRS UMR 5220, Lyon, France
| | - Olav Dalgard
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XAkershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Victoria Charlotte Simensen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Division of Health Services, Department of Global Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aliou Baldé
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Lucie de Gastines
- Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes, 75015 Paris, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Burç Aydin
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fridtjof Lund-Johansen
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mary-Anne Trabaud
- grid.134996.00000 0004 0593 702XLaboratoire de Virologie, Institut Des Agents Infectieux de Lyon, Centre National de Reference Des Virus Respiratoires France Sud, 69317 Hospices Civils de LyonLyon, France
| | - Alpha Diallo
- Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes, 75015 Paris, France ,grid.7429.80000000121866389Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - John-Arne Røttingen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Evelina Tacconelli
- grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy ,grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XVerona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Yazdan Yazdanpanah
- grid.512950.aUniversité de Paris, IAME, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France ,grid.411119.d0000 0000 8588 831XAP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Inge C. Olsen
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Research Support for Clinical Trials, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dominique Costagliola
- grid.7429.80000000121866389Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie Et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
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4
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Mena AR, Thioubou MA, Diallo K, Tine J, Ngom NF, Fortes L, Ndiaye K, Karasi JC, Seguin-Devaux C, Goedertz H, Diouf D, Seydi M, Sambou BA, Arendt V, Wandeler G, Manga NM. Liver disease and treatment needs of asymptomatic persons living with hepatitis B in Senegal. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac558. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The prevalence of active hepatitis B among asymptomatic persons remains unclear in Africa. Of 1,206 newly diagnosed persons in Senegal, 12.3% had significant fibrosis and 31.3% HBV DNA levels >2,000 IU/mL. Overall, 128 (12.9%) were eligible for antiviral therapy. Generalized HBV screening allowed the identification of a large population requiring HBV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Ramírez Mena
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SMIT), Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Switzerland
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Mame Aissé Thioubou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Universitaire de la Paix , Ziguinchor , Senegal
| | - Kalilou Diallo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Universitaire de la Paix , Ziguinchor , Senegal
| | - Judicael Tine
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SMIT), Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
| | - Ndeye Fatou Ngom
- Centre de Traitement Ambulatoire, Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
| | - Louise Fortes
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SMIT), Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
| | - Kiné Ndiaye
- Centre de Traitement Ambulatoire, Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
| | - Jean-Claude Karasi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier du Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | | | - Henri Goedertz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier du Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | | | - Moussa Seydi
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SMIT), Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
| | | | - Vic Arendt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier du Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Gilles Wandeler
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (SMIT), Fann University Hospital , Dakar , Senegal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Noël Magloire Manga
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Universitaire de la Paix , Ziguinchor , Senegal
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5
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Arendt V, Mabud T, Cohn D, Jeon G, An X, Fu J, Kuo W, Hofmann L. Abstract No. 152 Outcomes following IVC stent placement across the renal veins. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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6
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Staub T, Arendt V, Lasso de la Vega EC, Braquet P, Michaux C, Kohnen M, Tsobo C, Abdelrahman T, Wienecke-Baldacchino A, Francois JH. Case series of four re-infections with a SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 variant, Luxembourg, February 2021. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26. [PMID: 33960291 PMCID: PMC8103728 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.18.2100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe four SARS-CoV-2 re-infections with a B.1.351 variant in 2021, in healthcare workers (HCWs) previously infected in 2020, before detection of this variant in Europe. Cases live in France, near the border with Luxembourg, where variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7 circulated. All work in the same hospital unit where a cluster of COVID 19 with B1.351 variant occurred, affecting patients and HCWs. Before the cluster onset, HCWs used surgical masks, as per recommendations. After cluster onset, HCWs used FFP2 masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thérèse Staub
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Center Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg
| | - Vic Arendt
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Center Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg
| | | | - Pierre Braquet
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Center Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg
| | - Christian Michaux
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Center Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg
| | - Michel Kohnen
- Microbiology Department, Department (CHL), Luxembourg
| | - Chantal Tsobo
- Microbiology Department, Department (CHL), Luxembourg
| | - Tamir Abdelrahman
- Microbiology department, National Public Health Laboratory (LNS), Luxembourg
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7
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Des Jarlais DC, Sypsa V, Feelemyer J, Abagiu AO, Arendt V, Broz D, Chemtob D, Seguin-Devaux C, Duwve JM, Fitzgerald M, Goldberg DJ, Hatzakis A, Jipa RE, Katchman E, Keenan E, Khan I, Konrad S, McAuley A, Skinner S, Wiessing L. HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs in Europe, North America, and Israel. Lancet HIV 2020; 7:e434-e442. [PMID: 32504576 PMCID: PMC10150936 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
During 2011-16, HIV outbreaks occurred among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Canada (southeastern Saskatchewan), Greece (Athens), Ireland (Dublin), Israel (Tel Aviv), Luxembourg, Romania (Bucharest), Scotland (Glasgow), and USA (Scott County, Indiana). Factors common to many of these outbreaks included community economic problems, homelessness, and changes in drug injection patterns. The outbreaks differed in size (from under 100 to over 1000 newly reported HIV cases among PWID) and in the extent to which combined prevention had been implemented before, during, and after the outbreaks. Countries need to ensure high coverage of HIV prevention services and coverage higher than the current UNAIDS recommendation might be needed in areas in which short acting drugs are injected. In addition, monitoring of PWID with special attention for changing drug use patterns, risk behaviours, and susceptible subgroups (eg, PWID experiencing homelessness) needs to be in place to prevent or rapidly detect and contain new HIV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don C Des Jarlais
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Vana Sypsa
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Adrian O Abagiu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vic Arendt
- Service National des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, USA
| | - Dita Broz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel Chemtob
- Department of Tuberculosis and AIDS, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joan M Duwve
- Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Angelos Hatzakis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; NHS National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Raluca E Jipa
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugene Katchman
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Ibrahim Khan
- First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Indigenous Services Canada, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Stephanie Konrad
- First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Indigenous Services Canada, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew McAuley
- NHS National Services Scotland, Glasgow, UK; School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart Skinner
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Lucas Wiessing
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Lisbon, Portugal
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8
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Hui J, Goldman R, Mabud T, Arendt V, Kuo W, Hofmann R. Abstract No. 699 Diagnostic performance of lower extremity Doppler ultrasound in detecting iliocaval obstruction. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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9
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Mabud T, Cohn D, Fu J, Arendt V, Souffrant A, Perera N, Hofmann L. 3:27 PM Abstract No. 85 In-stent restenosis after lower extremity venous stent placement: a large retrospective single-center analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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10
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Arendt V, Amand M, Iserentant G, Lemaire M, Masquelier C, Ndayisaba GF, Verhofstede C, Karita E, Allen S, Chevigné A, Schmit J, Bercoff DP, Seguin‐Devaux C. Predominance of the heterozygous CCR5 delta-24 deletion in African individuals resistant to HIV infection might be related to a defect in CCR5 addressing at the cell surface. J Int AIDS Soc 2019; 22:e25384. [PMID: 31486251 PMCID: PMC6727025 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The chemokine receptor CCR5 is the main co-receptor for R5-tropic HIV-1 variants. We have previously described a novel 24-base pair deletion in the coding region of CCR5 among individuals from Rwanda. Here, we investigated the prevalence of hCCR5Δ24 in different cohorts and its impact on CCR5 expression and HIV-1 infection in vitro. METHODS We screened hCCR5Δ24 in a total of 3232 individuals which were either HIV-1 uninfected, high-risk HIV-1 seronegative and seropositive partners from serodiscordant couples, Long-Term Survivors, or HIV-1 infected volunteers from Africa (Rwanda, Kenya, Guinea-Conakry) and Luxembourg, using a real-time PCR assay. The role of the 24-base pair deletion on CCR5 expression and HIV infection was assessed in cell lines and PBMC using mRNA quantification, confocal analysis, flow and imaging cytometry. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Among the 1661 patients from Rwanda, 12 individuals were heterozygous for hCCR5Δ24 but none were homozygous. Although heterozygosity for this allele may not confer complete resistance to HIV-1 infection, the prevalence of the mutation was 2.41% (95%CI: 0.43; 8.37) in 83 Long-Term Survivors (LTS) and 0.99% (95%CI: 0.45; 2.14) in 613 HIV-1 exposed seronegative members as compared with 0.35% (95% Cl: 0.06; 1.25) in 579 HIV-1 seropositive members. The prevalence of hCCR5Δ24 was 0.55% (95%CI: 0.15; 1.69) in 547 infants from Kenya but the mutation was not detected in 224 infants from Guinea-Conakry nor in 800 Caucasian individuals from Luxembourg. Expression of hCCR5Δ24 in cell lines and PBMC showed that the hCCR5Δ24 protein is stably expressed but is not transported to the plasma membrane due to a conformational change. Instead, the mutant receptor was retained intracellularly, colocalized with an endoplasmic reticulum marker and did not mediate HIV-1 infection. Co-transfection of hCCR5Δ24 and wtCCR5 did not indicate a transdominant negative effect of CCR5Δ24 on wtCCR5. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that hCCR5Δ24 is not expressed at the cell surface. This could explain the higher prevalence of the heterozygous hCCR5Δ24 in LTS and HIV-1 exposed seronegative members from serodiscordant couples. Our data suggest an East-African localization of this deletion, which needs to be confirmed in larger cohorts from African and non-African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vic Arendt
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
- Centre Hospitalier de LuxembourgNational Service of Infectious DiseasesLuxembourgLuxembourg
| | - Mathieu Amand
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Gilles Iserentant
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Morgane Lemaire
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Cécile Masquelier
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | | | - Chris Verhofstede
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyAIDS Reference LaboratoryGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Etienne Karita
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Susan Allen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Jean‐Claude Schmit
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Danielle Perez Bercoff
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Carole Seguin‐Devaux
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
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11
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Arendt V, Guillorit L, Origer A, Sauvageot N, Vaillant M, Fischer A, Goedertz H, François JH, Alexiev I, Staub T, Seguin-Devaux C. Injection of cocaine is associated with a recent HIV outbreak in people who inject drugs in Luxembourg. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215570. [PMID: 31095576 PMCID: PMC6522034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An outbreak of HIV infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) started in 2014 in Luxembourg. Objectives We conducted phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses among the PWID infected with HIV in Luxembourg or attending the supervised drug consumption facility (SDCF) to understand the main causes of the outbreak. Methods Between January 2013 and December 2017, analysis of medical files were performed from all PWID infected with HIV at the National Service of Infectious Diseases (NSID) providing clinical care nationwide. PWID were interviewed at NSID and SDCF using a standardized questionnaire focused on drug consumption and risk behaviours. The national drug monitoring system RELIS was consulted to determine the frequency of cocaine/heroin use. Transmission clusters were analysed by phylogenetic analyses using approximate maximum-likelihood. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on epidemiological data collected at NSID and SDCF to determine risk factors associated with cocaine use. Results From January 2013 to December 2017, 68 new diagnosis of HIV infection reported injecting drug use as the main risk of transmission at NSID. The proportion of female cases enrolled between 2013–2017 was higher than the proportion among cases enrolled prior to 2013. (33% vs 21%, p < 0.05). Fifty six viral sequences were obtained from the 68 PWID newly diagnosed for HIV. Two main transmission clusters were revealed: one HIV-1 subtype B cluster and one CRF14_BG cluster including 37 and 9 patients diagnosed since 2013, respectively. Interviews from 32/68 (47%) newly diagnosed PWID revealed that 12/32 (37.5%) were homeless and 27/32 (84.4%) injected cocaine. Increased cocaine injection was indeed reported by the RELIS participants from 53 to 63% in drug users with services contacts between 2012 and 2015, and from 5 to 22% in SDCF users between 2012 and 2016. Compared with PWID who injected only heroin (n = 63), PWID injecting cocaine and heroin (n = 107) were younger (mean of 38 vs 44 years, p≤0.001), reported more frequent piercing (≤0.001), shared and injected drugs more often (p≤0.01), and were more frequently HIV positive (p<0.05) at SDCF using univariate logistic regression analysis. Finally, in the multivariate analysis, use of heroin and cocaine was independently associated with younger age, piercing, sharing of drugs, and regular consumption (p<0.05). Conclusions Injecting cocaine is a new trend of drug use in Luxembourg associated with HIV infection in this recent outbreak among PWID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vic Arendt
- Service National des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Laurence Guillorit
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alain Origer
- National Drug Coordinator, Ministry of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Nicolas Sauvageot
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Vaillant
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Fischer
- Clinical and Epidemiological Investigation Center, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - Jean-Hugues François
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Ivailo Alexiev
- National Reference Laboratory of HIV, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Thérèse Staub
- Service National des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
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Arendt V, Cohn D, An X, Jeon G, Hofmann L. 3:36 PM Abstract No. 355 Vein diameters and time to restenosis: an analysis of over 3500 imaging studies. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Reposar A, Eifler A, Hoogi A, Arendt V, Cohn D, Rubin D, Hofmann L. Abstract No. 638 Automated quantitative measurements of disease severity in patients with May-Thurner syndrome. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Cohn D, Arendt V, Jeon G, An X, Kuo W, Sze D, Rubin D, Hofmann L. 3:54 PM Abstract No. 357 Venous stenting above versus below the inguinal ligament: 20-year experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Mukeba-Tshialala D, Nachega JB, Mutombo-Tshingwali M, Arendt V, Gilson G, Moutschen M. [Obesity, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolaemia, and untreated diabetes in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Adults in Mbuji-Mayi (Democratic republic of congo)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 28623554 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-017-0561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the major cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected as compared to the HIV-uninfected patients in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). We determined the prevalence of hypertension, obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), total cholesterol > 200 mg/dl, HDLcholesterol &≤ 40 mg/dl, and glycemia > 126 mg/dl. We also calculated the average and/or median of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and glycemia among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients.We conducted a cross-sectional study that enrolled 592 HIV-uninfected and 445 HIV-infected patients of whom 425 (95.5%) were on first-line antiretroviral therapy based on stavudine-lamivudine-nevirapine. Clinical and laboratory data of the patients were collected. The results were analyzed by chi-square, t-student, and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. 11.5% of HIV-infected patients had an average blood pressure suggesting hypertension versus 10.6% of HIV-uninfected (P = 0.751). But in absolute value, HIVinfected patients had a median of diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg versus 85 mmHg of HIV-uninfected (P < 0.001). 4.04% of HIV-infected patients had a BMI suggesting obesity versus 6.08% of HIV-uninfected patients (P = 0.187). For fasting glucose: 2.50% of HIV-infected patients versus 4.20% of HIV-uninfected patients had a serum fasting glucose suggesting diabetes (P<0.176). 11.9% of HIV-infected patients had a total cholesterol greater than 200 mg/dl versus 7.4% of HIVuninfected patients (P=0.019). For HDL-cholesterol: 36.40% of HIV-infected patients had a serum fasting ≤ 40 mg/dl versus 15.70% of HIV-uninfected patients (P < 0.001). HIV-infected patients had a median fasting total cholesterol higher (140 mg/ dl) thanHIV-uninfected patients (133mg/dl) [P=0.015].HIVuninfected patients had a median fasting HDL-cholesterol higher (58.5 mg/dl) than HIV-infected patients (49 mg/dl) [P < 0.001]. HIV-infected women were more likely to have a higher mean of total cholesterol: 147.70 #x00B1; 52.09 mg/dl versus 135.72 ± 48.23 mg/dl for the HIV-infected men (P = 0.014) and of HDL-cholesterol: 55.80 ± 30.77 mg/dl versus 48.24 ± 28.57mg/dl for the HIV-infected men (P = 0.008). In this study population, prevalence of hypertension was elevated in HIVinfected versus HIV-uninfected patients. Being HIV positive on first-line antiretroviral therapy based on stavudine-lamivudine-nevirapine was associated with high prevalence of total cholesterol > 200 mg/dl and HDL-cholesterol ≤ 40 mg/dl. Proactive screening and prompt management of dyslipidemia and hypertension in this population should be a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mukeba-Tshialala
- Faculté de médecine, université de Mbuji-Mayi, Mbuji-Mayi, Kasaï-Oriental, RDC, Congo. .,CRP-Santé, CIEC, 1 A-B, rue Thomas-Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - J B Nachega
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, School of Public Health, Baltimore, États-Unis
| | - M Mutombo-Tshingwali
- Faculté de médecine, université de Mbuji-Mayi, Mbuji-Mayi, Kasaï-Oriental, RDC, Congo
| | - V Arendt
- Service des maladies infectieuses, centre hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - G Gilson
- Laboratoire de biochimie, centre hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - M Moutschen
- Service de maladies infectieuses, CHU de Liège, Liège, Belgique
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Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9 and 4280=cast((chr(113)||chr(122)||chr(122)||chr(122)||chr(113))||(select (case when (4280=4280) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(120)||chr(113)) as numeric)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9 and 1035 in (select (char(113)+char(122)+char(122)+char(122)+char(113)+(select (case when (1035=1035) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(120)+char(113)))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9 and 7459=(select upper(xmltype(chr(60)||chr(58)||chr(113)||chr(122)||chr(122)||chr(122)||chr(113)||(select (case when (7459=7459) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(106)||chr(107)||chr(120)||chr(113)||chr(62))) from dual)-- jhwf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9 order by 1-- oqoe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 2:161-176. [PMID: 28404132 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1384] [Impact Index Per Article: 197.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of-and expansion on-the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64-103) viraemic infections in 2013. METHODS We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. FINDINGS Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8-1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5-79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). INTERPRETATION The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. FUNDING John C Martin Foundation.
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Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9 and 1035 in (select (char(113)+char(122)+char(122)+char(122)+char(113)+(select (case when (1035=1035) then char(49) else char(48) end))+char(113)+char(106)+char(107)+char(120)+char(113)))-- yukg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Blach S, Zeuzem S, Manns M, Altraif I, Duberg AS, Muljono DH, Waked I, Alavian SM, Lee MH, Negro F, Abaalkhail F, Abdou A, Abdulla M, Rached AA, Aho I, Akarca U, Al Ghazzawi I, Al Kaabi S, Al Lawati F, Al Namaani K, Al Serkal Y, Al-Busafi SA, Al-Dabal L, Aleman S, Alghamdi AS, Aljumah AA, Al-Romaihi HE, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Assiri AM, Baatarkhuu O, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Bihl F, Bizri AR, Blachier M, Blasco AJ, Mello CEB, Bruggmann P, Brunton CR, Calinas F, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Clausen MR, Cramp ME, Craxi A, Croes EA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, de Ledinghen V, Dore GJ, El-Sayed MH, Ergör G, Esmat G, Estes C, Falconer K, Farag E, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gamkrelidze I, Gane E, García-Samaniego J, Khan AG, Gountas I, Goldis A, Gottfredsson M, Grebely J, Gschwantler M, Pessôa MG, Gunter J, Hajarizadeh B, Hajelssedig O, Hamid S, Hamoudi W, Hatzakis A, Himatt SM, Hofer H, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Hunyady B, Idilman R, Jafri W, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jeruma A, Jonasson JG, Kamel Y, Kao JH, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Khamis J, Kim YS, Kondili L, Koutoubi Z, Krajden M, Krarup H, Lai MS, Laleman W, Lao WC, Lavanchy D, Lázaro P, Leleu H, Lesi O, Lesmana LA, Li M, Liakina V, Lim YS, Luksic B, Mahomed A, Maimets M, Makara M, Malu AO, Marinho RT, Marotta P, Mauss S, Memon MS, Correa MCM, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Moreno C, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Nde H, Njouom R, Nonkovic D, Norris S, Obekpa S, Oguche S, Olafsson S, Oltman M, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Øvrehus ALH, Owusu-Ofori S, Oyunsuren TS, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Peltekian KM, Phillips RO, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Prabdial-Sing N, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Rosenberg WM, Roudot-Thoraval F, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Avila JFS, Saraswat V, Sarmento-Castro R, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shevaldin A, Shiha GE, Sievert W, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Speiciene D, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stauber RE, Stedman C, Struck D, Su TH, Sypsa V, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Thompson AJ, Tolmane I, Tomasiewicz K, Valantinas J, Van Damme P, van der Meer AJ, van Thiel I, Van Vlierberghe H, Vince A, Vogel W, Wedemeyer H, Weis N, Wong VWS, Yaghi C, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yunihastuti E, Yusuf A, Zuckerman E, Razavi H. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2017; 2:161-176. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
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Fischer A, Etienne V, Schmit JC, Arendt V, Staub T, Hemmer R, Michaux C, Gantenbein M, Chioti A. 1986-2016: 30 years of pregnancy outcomes surveillance in HIV-Positive women in Luxembourg. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw167.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Arendt V, Shah R, Weber S, Kuo W, Wang D, Hofmann L. Implementing big data interventional radiology research: lessons learned. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Arendt V, Arendt V, Kuo W, Shah R, Kothary N, Wang D, Hovsepian D, Sze D, Louie J, Hwang G, Hofmann L. Twenty years of lower extremity venous stenting experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Hofstra LM, Sauvageot N, Albert J, Alexiev I, Garcia F, Struck D, Van de Vijver DAMC, Åsjö B, Beshkov D, Coughlan S, Descamps D, Griskevicius A, Hamouda O, Horban A, Van Kasteren M, Kolupajeva T, Kostrikis LG, Liitsola K, Linka M, Mor O, Nielsen C, Otelea D, Paraskevis D, Paredes R, Poljak M, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Sönnerborg A, Staneková D, Stanojevic M, Van Laethem K, Zazzi M, Zidovec Lepej S, Boucher CAB, Schmit JC, Wensing AMJ, Puchhammer-Stockl E, Sarcletti M, Schmied B, Geit M, Balluch G, Vandamme AM, Vercauteren J, Derdelinckx I, Sasse A, Bogaert M, Ceunen H, De Roo A, De Wit S, Echahidi F, Fransen K, Goffard JC, Goubau P, Goudeseune E, Yombi JC, Lacor P, Liesnard C, Moutschen M, Pierard D, Rens R, Schrooten Y, Vaira D, Vandekerckhove LPR, Van den Heuvel A, Van Der Gucht B, Van Ranst M, Van Wijngaerden E, Vandercam B, Vekemans M, Verhofstede C, Clumeck N, Van Laethem K, Beshkov D, Alexiev I, Lepej SZ, Begovac J, Kostrikis L, Demetriades I, Kousiappa I, Demetriou V, Hezka J, Linka M, Maly M, Machala L, Nielsen C, Jørgensen LB, Gerstoft J, Mathiesen L, Pedersen C, Nielsen H, Laursen A, Kvinesdal B, Liitsola K, Ristola M, Suni J, Sutinen J, Descamps D, Assoumou L, Castor G, Grude M, Flandre P, Storto A, Hamouda O, Kücherer C, Berg T, Braun P, Poggensee G, Däumer M, Eberle J, Heiken H, Kaiser R, Knechten H, Korn K, Müller H, Neifer S, Schmidt B, Walter H, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Harrer T, Paraskevis D, Hatzakis A, Zavitsanou A, Vassilakis A, Lazanas M, Chini M, Lioni A, Sakka V, Kourkounti S, Paparizos V, Antoniadou A, Papadopoulos A, Poulakou G, Katsarolis I, Protopapas K, Chryssos G, Drimis S, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Lourida G, Psichogiou M, Daikos GL, Sipsas NV, Kontos A, Gamaletsou MN, Koratzanis G, Sambatakou H, Mariolis H, Skoutelis A, Papastamopoulos V, Georgiou O, Panagopoulos P, Maltezos E, Coughlan S, De Gascun C, Byrne C, Duffy M, Bergin C, Reidy D, Farrell G, Lambert J, O'Connor E, Rochford A, Low J, Coakely P, O'Dea S, Hall W, Mor O, Levi I, Chemtob D, Grossman Z, Zazzi M, de Luca A, Balotta C, Riva C, Mussini C, Caramma I, Capetti A, Colombo MC, Rossi C, Prati F, Tramuto F, Vitale F, Ciccozzi M, Angarano G, Rezza G, Kolupajeva T, Vasins O, Griskevicius A, Lipnickiene V, Schmit JC, Struck D, Sauvageot N, Hemmer R, Arendt V, Michaux C, Staub T, Sequin-Devaux C, Wensing AMJ, Boucher CAB, van de Vijver DAMC, van Kessel A, van Bentum PHM, Brinkman K, Connell BJ, van der Ende ME, Hoepelman IM, van Kasteren M, Kuipers M, Langebeek N, Richter C, Santegoets RMWJ, Schrijnders-Gudde L, Schuurman R, van de Ven BJM, Åsjö B, Kran AMB, Ormaasen V, Aavitsland P, Horban A, Stanczak JJ, Stanczak GP, Firlag-Burkacka E, Wiercinska-Drapalo A, Jablonowska E, Maolepsza E, Leszczyszyn-Pynka M, Szata W, Camacho R, Palma C, Borges F, Paixão T, Duque V, Araújo F, Otelea D, Paraschiv S, Tudor AM, Cernat R, Chiriac C, Dumitrescu F, Prisecariu LJ, Stanojevic M, Jevtovic D, Salemovic D, Stanekova D, Habekova M, Chabadová Z, Drobkova T, Bukovinova P, Shunnar A, Truska P, Poljak M, Lunar M, Babic D, Tomazic J, Vidmar L, Vovko T, Karner P, Garcia F, Paredes R, Monge S, Moreno S, Del Amo J, Asensi V, Sirvent JL, de Mendoza C, Delgado R, Gutiérrez F, Berenguer J, Garcia-Bujalance S, Stella N, de Los Santos I, Blanco JR, Dalmau D, Rivero M, Segura F, Elías MJP, Alvarez M, Chueca N, Rodríguez-Martín C, Vidal C, Palomares JC, Viciana I, Viciana P, Cordoba J, Aguilera A, Domingo P, Galindo MJ, Miralles C, Del Pozo MA, Ribera E, Iribarren JA, Ruiz L, de la Torre J, Vidal F, Clotet B, Albert J, Heidarian A, Aperia-Peipke K, Axelsson M, Mild M, Karlsson A, Sönnerborg A, Thalme A, Navér L, Bratt G, Karlsson A, Blaxhult A, Gisslén M, Svennerholm B, Bergbrant I, Björkman P, Säll C, Mellgren Å, Lindholm A, Kuylenstierna N, Montelius R, Azimi F, Johansson B, Carlsson M, Johansson E, Ljungberg B, Ekvall H, Strand A, Mäkitalo S, Öberg S, Holmblad P, Höfer M, Holmberg H, Josefson P, Ryding U. Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 62:655-663. [PMID: 26620652 PMCID: PMC4741360 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Background. Numerous studies have shown that baseline drug resistance patterns may influence the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, guidelines recommend drug resistance testing to guide the choice of initial regimen. In addition to optimizing individual patient management, these baseline resistance data enable transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to be surveyed for public health purposes. The SPREAD program systematically collects data to gain insight into TDR occurring in Europe since 2001. Methods. Demographic, clinical, and virological data from 4140 antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals from 26 countries who were newly diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. Evidence of TDR was defined using the WHO list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations. Prevalence of TDR was assessed over time by comparing the results to SPREAD data from 2002 to 2007. Baseline susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs was predicted using the Stanford HIVdb program version 7.0. Results. The overall prevalence of TDR did not change significantly over time and was 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.2%–9.5%) in 2008–2010. The most frequent indicators of TDR were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations (4.5%), followed by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.9%) and protease inhibitor mutations (2.0%). Baseline mutations were most predictive of reduced susceptibility to initial NNRTI-based regimens: 4.5% and 6.5% of patient isolates were predicted to have resistance to regimens containing efavirenz or rilpivirine, respectively, independent of current NRTI backbones. Conclusions. Although TDR was highest for NRTIs, the impact of baseline drug resistance patterns on susceptibility was largest for NNRTIs. The prevalence of TDR assessed by epidemiological surveys does not clearly indicate to what degree susceptibility to different drug classes is affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marije Hofstra
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg.,Department of Virology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Albert
- Karolinska Institute, Solna.,Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivailo Alexiev
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Federico Garcia
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Instituto de Investigación IBS Granada; on behalf of Cohorte de Adultos de la Red de Investigación en SIDA, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Danail Beshkov
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Diane Descamps
- AP-HP Groupe hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, IAME INSERM UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kirsi Liitsola
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marek Linka
- National Reference Laboratory for HIV/AIDS, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Orna Mor
- National HIV Reference Laboratory, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Dan Otelea
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. dr. Matei Bals", Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Mario Poljak
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovenian HIV/AIDS Reference Centre, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Karolinska Institute, Solna.,Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gane E, Kershenobich D, Seguin-Devaux C, Kristian P, Aho I, Dalgard O, Shestakova I, Nymadawa P, Blach S, Acharya S, Anand AC, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Baatarkhuu O, Barclay K, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Blokhina N, Brunton CR, Choudhuri G, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Croes EA, Dahgwahdorj YA, Daruich JR, Dashdorj NR, Davaadorj D, de Knegt RJ, de Vree M, Gadano AC, Gower E, Halota W, Hatzakis A, Henderson C, Hoffmann P, Hornell J, Houlihan D, Hrusovsky S, Jarčuška P, Kostrzewska K, Leshno M, Lurie Y, Mahomed A, Mamonova N, Mendez-Sanchez N, Mossong J, Norris S, Nurmukhametova E, Oltman M, Oyunbileg J, Oyunsuren T, Papatheodoridis G, Pimenov N, Prins M, Puri P, Radke S, Rakhmanova A, Razavi H, Razavi-Shearer K, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Sanchez Avila JF, Sanduijav R, Saraswat V, Schréter I, Shah SR, Shevaldin A, Shibolet O, Silva MO, Sokolov S, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Spearman CW, Staub T, Stedman C, Strebkova EA, Struck D, Sypsa V, Tomasiewicz K, Undram L, van der Meer AJ, van Santen D, Veldhuijzen I, Villamil FG, Willemse S, Zuckerman E, Zuure FR, Prabdial-Sing N, Flisiak R, Estes C. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disease burden - volume 2. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22 Suppl 1:46-73. [PMID: 25560841 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 15 countries, and the relative impact of two scenarios was considered: (i) increased treatment efficacy while holding the treated population constant and (ii) increased treatment efficacy and increased annual treated population. Increasing levels of diagnosis and treatment, in combination with improved treatment efficacy, were critical for achieving substantial reductions in disease burden. In most countries, the annual treated population had to increase several fold to achieve the largest reductions in HCV-related morbidity and mortality. This suggests that increased capacity for screening and treatment will be critical in many countries. Birth cohort screening is a helpful tool for maximizing resources. In most of the studied countries, the majority of patients were born between 1945 and 1985.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gane
- Auckland Hospital Clinical Studies Unit, Auckland, New Zealand
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Hatzakis A, Chulanov V, Gadano AC, Bergin C, Ben-Ari Z, Mossong J, Schréter I, Baatarkhuu O, Acharya S, Aho I, Anand AC, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Arkkila P, Barclay K, Bessone F, Blach S, Blokhina N, Brunton CR, Choudhuri G, Cisneros L, Croes EA, Dahgwahdorj YA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, Dashdorj NR, Davaadorj D, de Knegt RJ, de Vree M, Estes C, Flisiak R, Gane E, Gower E, Halota W, Henderson C, Hoffmann P, Hornell J, Houlihan D, Hrusovsky S, Jarčuška P, Kershenobich D, Kostrzewska K, Kristian P, Leshno M, Lurie Y, Mahomed A, Mamonova N, Mendez-Sanchez N, Norris S, Nurmukhametova E, Nymadawa P, Oltman M, Oyunbileg J, Oyunsuren T, Papatheodoridis G, Pimenov N, Prabdial-Sing N, Prins M, Radke S, Rakhmanova A, Razavi-Shearer K, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Sanchez Avila JF, Sanduijav R, Saraswat V, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Shestakova I, Shevaldin A, Shibolet O, Silva MO, Sokolov S, Sonderup M, Souliotis K, Spearman CW, Staub T, Stedman C, Strebkova EA, Struck D, Sypsa V, Tomasiewicz K, Undram L, van der Meer AJ, van Santen D, Veldhuijzen I, Villamil FG, Willemse S, Zuckerman E, Zuure FR, Puri P, Razavi H. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections with today's treatment paradigm - volume 2. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22 Suppl 1:26-45. [PMID: 25560840 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality attributable to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are increasing in many countries as the infected population ages. Models were developed for 15 countries to quantify and characterize the viremic population, as well as estimate the number of new infections and HCV related deaths from 2013 to 2030. Expert consensus was used to determine current treatment levels and outcomes in each country. In most countries, viremic prevalence has already peaked. In every country studied, prevalence begins to decline before 2030, when current treatment levels were held constant. In contrast, cases of advanced liver disease and liver related deaths will continue to increase through 2030 in most countries. The current treatment paradigm is inadequate if large reductions in HCV related morbidity and mortality are to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hatzakis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Saraswat V, Norris S, de Knegt RJ, Sanchez Avila JF, Sonderup M, Zuckerman E, Arkkila P, Stedman C, Acharya S, Aho I, Anand AC, Andersson MI, Arendt V, Baatarkhuu O, Barclay K, Ben-Ari Z, Bergin C, Bessone F, Blach S, Blokhina N, Brunton CR, Choudhuri G, Chulanov V, Cisneros L, Croes EA, Dahgwahdorj YA, Dalgard O, Daruich JR, Dashdorj NR, Davaadorj D, de Vree M, Estes C, Flisiak R, Gadano AC, Gane E, Halota W, Hatzakis A, Henderson C, Hoffmann P, Hornell J, Houlihan D, Hrusovsky S, Jarčuška P, Kershenobich D, Kostrzewska K, Kristian P, Leshno M, Lurie Y, Mahomed A, Mamonova N, Mendez-Sanchez N, Mossong J, Nurmukhametova E, Nymadawa P, Oltman M, Oyunbileg J, Oyunsuren T, Papatheodoridis G, Pimenov N, Prabdial-Sing N, Prins M, Puri P, Radke S, Rakhmanova A, Razavi H, Razavi-Shearer K, Reesink HW, Ridruejo E, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Sanduijav R, Schréter I, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Shestakova I, Shevaldin A, Shibolet O, Sokolov S, Souliotis K, Spearman CW, Staub T, Strebkova EA, Struck D, Tomasiewicz K, Undram L, van der Meer AJ, van Santen D, Veldhuijzen I, Villamil FG, Willemse S, Zuure FR, Silva MO, Sypsa V, Gower E. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries - volume 2. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22 Suppl 1:6-25. [PMID: 25560839 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. In many countries, there is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data that are crucial in implementing disease control measures as new treatment options become available. Published literature, unpublished data and expert consensus were used to determine key parameters, including prevalence, viremia, genotype and the number of patients diagnosed and treated. In this study of 15 countries, viremic prevalence ranged from 0.13% in the Netherlands to 2.91% in Russia. The largest viremic populations were in India (8 666 000 cases) and Russia (4 162 000 cases). In most countries, males had a higher rate of infections, likely due to higher rates of injection drug use (IDU). Estimates characterizing the infected population are critical to focus screening and treatment efforts as new therapeutic options become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Saraswat
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Radloff R, Gras A, Zanger UM, Masquelier C, Arumugam K, Karasi JC, Arendt V, Seguin-Devaux C, Klein K. Novel CYP2B6 enzyme variants in a Rwandese population: functional characterization and assessment of in silico prediction tools. Hum Mutat 2013; 34:725-34. [PMID: 23418033 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 CYP2B6 is a highly polymorphic enzyme that metabolizes numerous drugs, pesticides, and environmental toxins. Sequence analysis of a Rwandese population identified eight functionally uncharacterized nonsynonymous variants c.329G>T (p.G110V), c.341T>C (p.I114T), c.444G>T (p.E148D), c.548T>G (p.V183G), c.637T>C (p.F213L), c.758G>A (p.R253H), c.835G>C (p.A279P), and c.1459C>A (p.R487S), and five novel alleles termed CYP2B6*33 to CYP2B6*37 were assigned. Recombinant expression in COS-1 cells and functional characterization using the antidepressant bupropion and the antiretroviral efavirenz (EFV) as substrates demonstrated complete or almost complete loss-of-function for variants p.G110V, p.I114T, p.V183G, and p.F213L, whereas p.E148D, p.R253H, p.A279P, and p.R487S variants were functional. The data were used to assess the predictive power of eight online available functional prediction programs for amino-acid changes. Although none of the programs correctly predicted the functionality of all variants, substrate docking simulation analyses indicated similar conformational changes by all four deleterious mutations within the enzyme's active site, thus explaining lack of enzymatic function for both substrates. Because low-activity alleles of CYP2B6 are associated with impaired EFV metabolism and adverse drug response, these results are of potential utility for personalized treatment strategies in HIV/AIDS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Radloff
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
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Gras A, Schneider S, Karasi JC, Ternes AM, Sauvageot N, Karasi-Omes C, Henry AP, Schmit JC, Seguin-Devaux C, Arendt V. Evaluation of saliva as an alternative matrix for monitoring plasma Zidovudine, Lamivudine and nevirapine concentrations in Rwanda. Curr HIV Res 2011; 9:223-8. [PMID: 21671885 DOI: 10.2174/157016211796320270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Saliva may provide interesting advantages as matrix for compliance measurements, pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring in resource limited countries. We investigated the feasibility of using saliva for compliance monitoring of zidovudine (ZDV), lamivudine (3TC) and nevirapine (NVP) in 29 HIV-1 infected patients from Rwanda. ZDV, 3TC and NVP drug levels were quantified by an LC/MS-MS method in plasma and stimulated saliva samples and compared using Bland-Altman analysis. Seven patients demonstrated undetectable saliva ZDV levels while five out of these seven also showed no 3TC salivary concentrations. For the other samples, we observed a good agreement between salivary and plasma concentrations of each antiretroviral drug. A significant relation between the difference in saliva and plasma ZDV concentrations and the average ZDV concentration in the two matrices was deduced as follow: y = -380.15 + 1.79 x. The log saliva and plasma concentration difference of both 3TC and NVP was consistent across the range of average log concentration. Overall, we showed large agreement limits suggesting a wide inter patient variability that may result to non-reliable plasma level predictions from saliva drug measurements. Therefore, our results indicate that saliva may serve as a valuable tool only for NVP compliance testing because of its high salivary concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Gras
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, CRP-Santé, Luxembourg.
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Baatz F, Struck D, Lemaire M, De Landtsheer S, Servais JY, Arendt V, Schmit JC, Perez Bercoff D. Rescue of HIV-1 long-time archived X4 strains to escape maraviroc. Antiviral Res 2011; 92:488-92. [PMID: 22020304 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Entry of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) into target cells is mediated by the CD4 receptor and a coreceptor, CCR5 or CXCR4. Maraviroc interferes with HIV entry by binding the CCR5 coreceptor. Virological failure to maraviroc-containing regimens can occur through the emergence of resistance, or through tropism evolution and broadened coreceptor usage. In the latter case, the physiological relevance of minority strains is a major concern. Here we report a retrospective analysis of coreceptor-usage and evolution based on 454-ultra-deep-sequencing of plasma and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC)-derived envelope V3-loops, accounting for coreceptor usage, from a patient who failed a maraviroc-containing regimen through the emergence of X4 strains. The X4 maraviroc-escape variant resulted from recombination between a long time archived proviral sequence from 2003 (5'-portion, including the V3-loop) and the dominant R5 strains circulating in plasma at the time of maraviroc-treatment initiation (3'-portion). Phylogenetic analyses and BEAST modeling highlighted that an early diverse viral quasispecies underwent a severe bottleneck following reinitiation of HAART and repeated IL-2 cycles between 1999 and 2001, leading to the transient outgrowth and archiving of one highly homogeneous X4 population from plasma, and to the expansion in plasma of one PBMC-derived R5 strain. Under maraviroc selective pressure, the early, no longer detectable X4 strains archived in PBMC were partially rescued to provide X4-determinants to the main circulating strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franky Baatz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, CRP-Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
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Speeckaert R, Colebunders B, Boelaert JR, Brochez L, Van Acker J, Van Wanzeele F, Hemmer R, Speeckaert MM, Verhofstede C, De Buyzere M, Arendt V, Plum J, Delanghe JR. Association of haptoglobin phenotypes with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV patients. Arch Dermatol Res 2011; 303:763-9. [PMID: 21748360 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare cutaneous tumor caused by human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) infection that preferentially develops in case of severe immunosuppression, such as in HIV/AIDS disease. Haptoglobin (Hp), a polymorphic multifunctional plasma protein, exerts several immunomodulatory effects and is characterized by a genetic polymorphism leading to three major phenotypes (Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2). This study investigated the influence of Hp genetic polymorphism on the development of KS in HIV-positive patients. 661 HIV patients were enrolled in the study with a median age of 35 years and a median follow-up time of 57 months. Hp phenotyping was performed using hemoglobin-supplemented starch gel electrophoresis. In case of low Hp concentration high pressure gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) was used. The Hp 1-1 phenotype was associated with a significant higher risk of KS compared to the combined group of Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2 patients (p < 0.0005) which remained significant after adjustment for possible confounding variables (age, gender and AIDS status) (p < 0.001). In contrast, the Hp 2-1 phenotype carried the lowest risk. These findings point to the involvement of Hp phenotypes in the pathogenesis of KS, which may be due to a difference in skin immunosurveillance between the Hp phenotypes.
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Zachariah R, Van Damme W, Arendt V, Schmit JC, Harries AD. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa: thinking ahead on programmatic tasks and related operational research. J Int AIDS Soc 2011; 14 Suppl 1:S7. [PMID: 21967983 PMCID: PMC3194152 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-14-s1-s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, we have all been desperately trying to run behind the HIV/AIDS epidemic and catch up with it, but despite all our efforts, the epidemic remains well ahead of us. In 2010, the antiretroviral treatment (ART) gap was about 60%, AIDS-related deaths were almost two million a year, and on top of these figures, for every one person started on ART, there were two new HIV infections. What is needed to change this situation is to think ahead of the epidemic in terms of the programmatic tasks we will be faced with and try to act boldly in trying to implement those tasks. From a programmatic perspective, we: a) highlight what needs to fundamentally change in our thinking and overall approach to the epidemic; and b) outline a number of key task areas for implementation and related operational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Zachariah
- Médecins sans Frontières, Operational Centre Brussels, Medical Department, MSF- Luxemburg, Luxemburg.
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Mossong J, Bill S, Hawotte K, Gilson G, Knolle U, Weber J, Roskams T, Arendt V. Predicting significant fibrosis in hepatitis C patients in Luxembourg using serological markers. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb 2011:19-30. [PMID: 21634219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic performance of various serological markers and scores for predicting significant fibrosis retrospectively in a population of patients referring to our hospital for liver biopsy and chronic hepatitis C. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stored serum obtained from 186 patients were tested for a number of biological markers putatively associated with liver fibrosis. Fibrotest and Forns scores were compared with liver fibrosis pathology scored according to the METAVIR system by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of significant fibrosis was 44%. Aspartate amino transferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were most correlated with METAVIR staging, followed by platelet counts and alpha2-macroglobulin. The negative predictive value was 77% and 83% and the positive predictive value was 100% and 84% for the Forns score and the Fibrotest, respectively. In multivariate analysis AST, GGT and alpha2-macroglobulin had independent predictive power. CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of serological markers in predicting significant fibrosis is limited, because approximately two thirds of patients lie into an indeterminate "grey zone". Serological markers might be useful for patients reluctant to undergo liver biopsy but current predictive scoring systems are too inaccurate to replace biopsies in a routine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Mossong
- Surveillance & Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Laboratoire National de Santé, PO Box 1102, L-1011 Luxembourg.
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Harries AD, Zachariah R, van Oosterhout JJ, Reid SD, Hosseinipour MC, Arendt V, Chirwa Z, Jahn A, Schouten EJ, Kamoto K. Diagnosis and management of antiretroviral-therapy failure in resource-limited settings in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and perspectives. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2010; 10:60-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Peltier CA, Ndayisaba GF, Lepage P, van Griensven J, Leroy V, Pharm CO, Ndimubanzi PC, Courteille O, Arendt V. Breastfeeding with maternal antiretroviral therapy or formula feeding to prevent HIV postnatal mother-to-child transmission in Rwanda. AIDS 2009; 23:2415-23. [PMID: 19730349 PMCID: PMC3305463 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32832ec20d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the 9-month HIV-free survival of children with two strategies to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission. DESIGN Nonrandomized interventional cohort study. SETTING Four public health centres in Rwanda. PARTICIPANTS Between May 2005 and January 2007, all consenting HIV-infected pregnant women were included. INTERVENTION Women could choose the mode of feeding for their infant: breastfeeding with maternal HAART for 6 months or formula feeding. All received HAART from 28 weeks of gestation. Nine-month cumulative probabilities of HIV transmission and HIV-free survival were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Determinants were analysed using a Cox model analysis. RESULTS Of the 532 first-liveborn infants, 227 (43%) were breastfeeding and 305 (57%) were formula feeding. Overall, seven (1.3%) children were HIV-infected of whom six were infected in utero. Only one child in the breastfeeding group became infected between months 3 and 7, corresponding to a 9-month cumulative risk of postnatal infection of 0.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1-3.4%; P = 0.24] with breastfeeding. Nine-month cumulative mortality was 3.3% (95% CI 1.6-6.9%) in the breastfeeding arm group and 5.7% (95% CI 3.6-9.2%) for the formula feeding group (P = 0.20). HIV-free survival by 9 months was 95% (95% CI 91-97%) in the breastfeeding group and 94% (95% CI 91-96%) for the formula feeding group (P = 0.66), with no significant difference in the adjusted analysis (adjusted hazard ratio for breastfeeding: 1.2 (95% CI 0.5-2.9%). CONCLUSION : Maternal HAART while breastfeeding could be a promising alternative strategy in resource-limited countries.
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Maldonado F, Biot M, Roman F, Masquelier C, Anapenge M, Bastos R, Chuquela H, Arendt V, Schmit J, Zachariah R. Viraemia and HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment in Mozambique. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2009; 103:607-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
We conducted a prospective study to investigate access to treatment in hepatitis C in 268 prisoners. Hepatitis C positivity had been known for 182 prisoners previously and 19 reported previous attempts to treat (10%). In comparison, during our study, 86/268 prisoners (32%) started therapy (P < 0.0001). They represented 41% of 211 prisoners with a positive viral load. In the genotype 2 or 3 group, 46 prisoners (50%) started therapy versus 40 prisoners (33%) with other genotypes (P = 0.01). This difference was due to prisoners waiting for liver biopsy. On an intention to treat basis, 45 prisoners (52%) achieved sustained virological response 6 months after the end of therapy. We conclude that a stay in prison is an effective opportunity to treat a group of hepatitis C patients which otherwise have very limited access to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strock
- Hepatogastroenterology, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg-City, Luxembourg.
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Hübschen JM, Mugabo J, Peltier CA, Karasi JC, Sausy A, Kirpach P, Arendt V, Muller CP. Exceptional genetic variability of hepatitis B virus indicates that Rwanda is east of an emerging African genotype E/A1 divide. J Med Virol 2009; 81:435-40. [PMID: 19152415 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In Western Africa, hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype E predominates throughout a vast crescent spanning from Senegal to Namibia and at least to the Central African Republic to the East. Although from most of the eastern parts of sub-Saharan Africa only limited sets of strains have been characterized, these belong predominantly to genotype A. To study how far the genotype E crescent extends to the East, a larger number of HBV strains from Rwanda were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of 45 S fragment sequences revealed strains of genotypes A (n = 30), D (n = 10), C (n = 4), and B (n = 1). Twelve genotype A sequences formed a new cluster clearly separated from the reference strains of the known sub-genotypes. Thus, with four genotypes and at least six sub-genotypes and a new cluster of genotype A strains, HBV shows an exceptional genetic variability in this small country, unprecedented in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this exceptional genetic variability, not a single genotype E virus was found indicating that this country does not belong to the genotype E crescent, but is east of an emerging African genotype E/A1 divide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Hübschen
- Institute of Immunology, Laboratoire National de Santé/Centre de Recherche Public de Santé, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Roman F, Hawotte K, Struck D, Ternes AM, Servais JY, Arendt V, Hoffman P, Hemmer R, Staub T, Seguin-Devaux C, Schmit JC. Hepatitis C virus genotypes distribution and transmission risk factors in Luxembourg from 1991 to 2006. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:1237-43. [PMID: 18300350 PMCID: PMC2690672 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype distribution and transmission risk factors in a population of unselected patients in Luxembourg.
METHODS: Epidemiological information (gender, age and transmission risks) were collected from 802 patients newly diagnosed for hepatitis C and living in Luxembourg, among whom 228 patients referred from prison. Genotyping using 5’noncoding (5’NC) sequencing was performed. We compared categorical data using the Fisher’s exact F-test and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for evaluating association of HCV genotype and risk factors.
RESULTS: The sex ratio was predominantly male (2.2) and individuals aged less than 40 years represented 49.6% of the population. Genotype 1 was predominant (53.4%) followed by genotype 3 (33%). Among risk factors, intravenous drug usage (IVDU) was the most frequently reported (71.4%) followed by medical-related transmission (17.6%) including haemophilia, transfusion recipients and other nosocomial reasons. Genotype 3 was significantly associated to IVDU (OR = 4.84, P < 0.0001) whereas genotype 1 was significantly associated with a medical procedure (OR = 2.42, P < 0.001). The HCV genotype distribution from inmate patients differed significantly from the rest of the population (Chi-square test with four degrees of freedom, P < 0.0001) with a higher frequency of genotype 3 (46.5% vs 27.5%) and a lower frequency of genotype 1 and 4 (44.7% vs 56.8% and 5.3% vs 9.6%, respectively). IVDU was nearly exclusively reported as a risk factor in prison.
CONCLUSION: We report the first description of the HCV genotype distribution in Luxembourg. The repartition is similar to other European countries, with one of the highest European prevalence rates of genotype 3 (33%). Since serology screening became available in 1991, IVDU remains the most common way of HCV transmission in Luxembourg.
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Arendt V, Mossong J, Zachariah R, Inwani C, Farah B, Robert I, Waelbrouck A, Fonck K. Clinical screening for HIV in a health centre setting in urban Kenya: an entry point for voluntary counselling, HIV testing and early diagnosis of HIV infection? Trop Doct 2007; 37:45-7. [PMID: 17326892 DOI: 10.1258/004947507779951899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted among patients attending a public health centre in Nairobi, Kenya in order to (a) verify the prevalence of HIV, (b) identify clinical risk factors associated with HIV and (c) determine clinical markers for clinical screening of HIV infection at the health centre level. Of 304 individuals involved in the study,107(35%) were HIV positive. A clinical screening algorithm based on four clinical markers, namely oral thrush, past or present TB, past or present herpes zoster and prurigo would pick out 61 (57%) of the 107 HIV-positive individuals. In a resource-poor setting, introducing a clinical screening algorithm for HIV at the health centre level could provide an opportunity for targeting voluntary counselling and HIV testing, and early access to a range of prevention and care interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Arendt
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mission Kenya, Brussels Operational Centre, Brussels, Belgium
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Masquelier C, Servais JY, Rusanganwa E, Roman F, Havuga E, Servais J, Tuyizere S, Omes C, Karasi JC, Coruteille O, Karita E, Allen S, Schmit JC, Arendt V. A novel 24-base pair deletion in the coding region of CCR5 in an African population. AIDS 2007; 21:111-3. [PMID: 17148978 DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000254687.86122.fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fischer A, Karasi JC, Kibibi D, Omes C, Lambert C, Uwayitu A, Hemmer R, Ende J, Schmit JC, Arendt V. Antiviral efficacy and resistance in patients on antiretroviral therapy in Kigali, Rwanda: the real-life situation in 2002. HIV Med 2006; 7:64-6. [PMID: 16313295 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2005.00338.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to complete the published data on ARV therapy in Africa by describing the baseline situation in Rwanda before the launch of a large ARV programme (ESTHER). Prescription habits, frequency and reasons for treatment interruptions but also antiviral efficay, resistance to ARVs and genotypic variability of the viruses present in Rwanda were analysed. Among the 233 patients included in the study, it appeared that a vast majority (91%) were under triple therapy and that half of them had experienced at least one treatment interruption caused mainly by drug shortage or financial difficulties. Among 60 blood samples analysed, 26 were in virological failure with a viral load above 1000 RNA copies/ml and 11 presented major drug resistance mutations. Finally, virological failure could mainly be explained by the high frequency of treatment interruptions but also by the emergence of drug resistance mutations. Consequently the major objective for the ESTHER programme to improve the situation in Rwanda will be to reduce the drug shortage and facilitate the financial accessibility of the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fischer
- Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg-Retrovirology Laboratory, CRP-Santé, Luxembourg.
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Roman F, Ammerlaan W, Plesseria JM, Deroo S, Muller CP, Arendt V, Schneider F, Hemmer R, Schmit JC. A new recombinant virus system for the study of HIV-1 entry and inhibition. J Virol Methods 2006; 131:99-104. [PMID: 16111774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Revised: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The construction is described of a HIV-1 proviral, eGFP-tagged plasmid that allows for the recombination of any selected env gene without the use of restriction enzymes and for the quantitation of the infection by the recombinant virus using flow cytometry. The system was tested showing that an isoleucine to valine substitution at residue position 37 of the HIV-1 gp41 impairs the fitness of the virus but does not lead by itself to T-20 resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Roman
- Retrovirology Laboratory, Centre de Recherche-Public (CRP)-Santé, 84 rue Val Fleuri, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
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Demeester R, Omes C, Karasi JC, Schneider S, Mugabo J, Maliboli MJ, Arendt V. Adherence to first-line antiretroviral regimens in Rwanda. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 40:113-4. [PMID: 16123694 DOI: 10.1097/01.qai.0000176590.68430.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lemmer P, Schneider S, Schuman M, Omes C, Arendt V, Tayari JC, Fundira L, Wennig R. Determination of Nevirapine and Efavirenz in Plasma Using GC/MS in Selected Ion Monitoring Mode. Ther Drug Monit 2005; 27:521-5. [PMID: 16044111 DOI: 10.1097/01.ftd.0000164613.91555.2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An accurate, selective, and sensitive method for the determination of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) nevirapine (nvp) and efavirenz (efv) in human plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy in selected ion monitoring mode (GC/MS-SIM) was developed. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) gave extraction yields near 100% for both nvp and efv, and calibration curves were linear over the therapeutic concentration ranges. Variation of intraday and interday precision was below 5%. Intraday and interday inaccuracies varied between 0.6% and 10.4%. The lower limits of detection using a 200-microL plasma sample were 27 ng/mL for nvp and 26 ng/mL for efv, and the lower limits of quantification were 54 ng/mL and 72 ng/mL, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of nvp and efv in plasma specimens of 73 patients in HIV stage III or IV and on antiretroviral treatment in Kigali, Rwanda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Lemmer
- Laboratoire National de Santé, Division de Toxicologie, Luxembourg
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Schuman M, Schneider S, Omes C, Wennig R, Fundira L, Tayari JC, Arendt V. HPLC analysis of generic antiretroviral drugs purchased in Rwanda. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb 2005:317-25. [PMID: 17176547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A reversed phase HPLC method using photo diode array detection for the simultaneous quantification of lamivudine, stavudine, nevirapine, zidovudine, methyl paraben and propyl paraben in solid and liquid drug formulations was developed and validated. The separation was achieved using a Waters Symmetry C8 column, using a mobile phase gradient comprising 50 mM NaH2PO4 (pH 3.8) and acetonitrile (95:5 to 45:55, v/v) and a flow gradient (0.5 to 1.0 ml/min). The limits of detection and quantification were below 19 ng/ml and 55 ng/ml respectively. The intra- and inter-day assay precisions were within 4.4% relative standard deviations. The developed method was applied to 12 different generic antiretroviral medications, consisting of tablets, capsules and solutions, produced by two Indian manufacturers and purchased by the Central Agency of Essential Drug Procurement of Rwanda for the ESTHER project in Rwanda. The average content of the antiretroviral agent(s) compared to the labeled amount(s) was 101.4%. Methyl paraben and propyl paraben, added to solutions as preservatives, were within the FDA recommended limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Schuman
- Laboratoire National de Santé, Université du Luxembourg, 162a Avenue de la Faïencerie, L- 1511 Luxembourg.
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Fischer A, Lejczak C, Lambert C, Servais J, Makombe N, Rusine J, Staub T, Hemmer R, Schneider F, Schmit JC, Arendt V. Simple DNA extraction method for dried blood spots and comparison of two PCR assays for diagnosis of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in Rwanda. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:16-20. [PMID: 14715726 PMCID: PMC321659 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.1.16-20.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper facilitate the collection, transport, and storage of blood samples for laboratory use. A rapid and simple DNA extraction procedure from DBS was developed and evaluated for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in children by an in-house nested-PCR assay on three genome regions and by the Amplicor HIV-1 DNA prototype assay version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems). A total of 150 samples from children born to HIV-1-infected mothers were collected in Kigali, Rwanda, in parallel as DBS and as peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) pellets. The results obtained on DBS by the two PCR assays were compared to the results of nested PCR on PBMCs. Of 150 PBMC samples, 10 were positive, 117 were negative, and 23 were indeterminate for HIV-1 infection. In DNA extracted from filter papers and amplified by using the in-house nested PCR, 9 of these 10 positive samples (90%) were found to be positive, and 1 was found to be indeterminate (only the pol region could be amplified). All of the negative samples and all of the 23 indeterminate samples tested negative for HIV-1 infection. When we used the Amplicor DNA test on DBS, all of the 10 PBMC-positive samples were found to be positive and all of the 23 indeterminate samples were found to be negative. Of the PBMC-negative samples, 115 were found to be negative and 2 were found to be indeterminate. We conclude that this simple rapid DNA extraction method on DBS in combination with both detection methods gave a reliable molecular diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in children born to HIV-infected mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fischer
- Retrovirology Laboratory, CRP-Santé, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
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Servais J, Lambert C, Karita E, Vanhove D, Fischer A, Baurith T, Schmit JC, Schneider F, Hemmer R, Arendt V. HIV type 1 pol gene diversity and archived nevirapine resistance mutation in pregnant women in Rwanda. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20:279-83. [PMID: 15117451 DOI: 10.1089/088922204322996518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to find out whether genetic polymorphisms were present in positions potentially affecting susceptibility to antiretrovirals in non-B subtypes from HIV-1-infected patients in Rwanda. Viral pol gene diversity was investigated by direct sequencing in 43 treatment-naive women. In addition, 10 DNA sequences from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed 6 weeks after a single dose of nevirapine (prevention of mother-to-child transmission program). Phylogenetic analyses have shown 34 subtype A1, 6 subtype C, and 2 subtype D strains. In addition, an A/C recombinant between the protease (PR) (subtype A1) and the reverse transcriptase (RT) (subtype C) was identified. In the PR coding region, high numbers of polymorphisms were found, including substitutions in secondary PR resistance sites. PR 35D, 36I, and 37N were always present within subtype A as were PR 93L in subtype C strains. PR 10I/V, 20R, 33F, and 77V were found in subtype A whereas PR 36I was highly prevalent in subtype C strains. The A/C recombinant displayed substitutions related to resistance (PR 10, 33, 36 and RT 118). One nevirapine resistance mutation (RT 181Y/C) was found in proviral DNA after 6 weeks. In conclusion, subtypes A and C are predominant in this cohort in Rwanda. Substitutions similar to secondary protease inhibitor resistance mutations are common before treatment whereas major resistance mutation may be archived after a single dose of nevirapine. Accordingly, the hypothesis of a genetic background effect in non-B strains has to be further addressed in programs of introduction of antivirals in Africa.
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