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Ying S, Webster B, Gomez-Cano L, Shivaiah KK, Wang Q, Newton L, Grotewold E, Thompson A, Lundquist PK. Multiscale physiological responses to nitrogen supplementation of maize hybrids. Plant Physiol 2024; 195:879-899. [PMID: 37925649 PMCID: PMC11060684 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) production systems are heavily reliant on the provision of managed inputs such as fertilizers to maximize growth and yield. Hence, the effective use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is crucial to minimize the associated financial and environmental costs, as well as maximize yield. However, how to effectively utilize N inputs for increased grain yields remains a substantial challenge for maize growers that requires a deeper understanding of the underlying physiological responses to N fertilizer application. We report a multiscale investigation of five field-grown maize hybrids under low or high N supplementation regimes that includes the quantification of phenolic and prenyl-lipid compounds, cellular ultrastructural features, and gene expression traits at three developmental stages of growth. Our results reveal that maize perceives the lack of supplemented N as a stress and, when provided with additional N, will prolong vegetative growth. However, the manifestation of the stress and responses to N supplementation are highly hybrid-specific. Eight genes were differentially expressed in leaves in response to N supplementation in all tested hybrids and at all developmental stages. These genes represent potential biomarkers of N status and include two isoforms of Thiamine Thiazole Synthase involved in vitamin B1 biosynthesis. Our results uncover a detailed view of the physiological responses of maize hybrids to N supplementation in field conditions that provides insight into the interactions between management practices and the genetic diversity within maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ying
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Brandon Webster
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lina Gomez-Cano
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kiran-Kumar Shivaiah
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Qianjie Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Linsey Newton
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Erich Grotewold
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Addie Thompson
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Peter K Lundquist
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Batt NM, Rodrigues B, Bloom S, Sawhney R, George ES, Hodge A, Vootukuru N, McCrae C, Sood S, Roberts SK, Dev A, Bell S, Thompson A, Ryan MC, Kemp W, Gow PJ, Sood S, Nicoll AJ. Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study of characteristics and response to therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38369382 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Australia is related to increasing rates of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to prospectively characterize the metabolic profile, lifestyle, biometric features, and response to treatment of HCC patients in an Australian population. METHOD Multicenter prospective cohort analysis of newly diagnosed HCC patients at six multidisciplinary team meetings over a 2-year period. RESULTS Three hundred and thirteen (313) newly diagnosed HCC patients with MAFLD (n = 77), MAFLD plus other liver disease (n = 57) (the "mixed" group), and non-MAFLD (n = 179) were included in the study. Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) (43%) and MAFLD (43%) were the most common underlying liver diseases. MAFLD-HCC patients were older (73 years vs 67 years vs 63 years), more likely to be female (40% vs 14% vs 20%), less likely to have cirrhosis (69% vs 88% vs 85%), showed higher ECOG, and were less likely to be identified by screening (29% vs 53% vs 45%). Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in the MAFLD and mixed groups. The severity of underlying liver disease and HCC characteristics were the same across groups. While the MAFLD population self-reported more sedentary lifestyles, reported dietary patterns were no different across the groups. Dyslipidemia was associated with tumor size, and those taking statins had a lower recurrence rate. CONCLUSION Equal to ALD, MAFLD is now the most common underlying liver disease seen in HCC patients in Australia. Future HCC prevention screening and treatment strategies need to take this important group of patients into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Batt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Rodrigues
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Bloom
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Sawhney
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E S George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Hodge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Vootukuru
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - C McCrae
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Surbhi Sood
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - S K Roberts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Dev
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Bell
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M C Ryan
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - W Kemp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P J Gow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Siddharth Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - A J Nicoll
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Lopez-Cruz M, Aguate FM, Washburn JD, de Leon N, Kaeppler SM, Lima DC, Tan R, Thompson A, De La Bretonne LW, de Los Campos G. Leveraging data from the Genomes-to-Fields Initiative to investigate genotype-by-environment interactions in maize in North America. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6904. [PMID: 37903778 PMCID: PMC10616096 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions can significantly affect crop performance and stability. Investigating G×E requires extensive data sets with diverse cultivars tested over multiple locations and years. The Genomes-to-Fields (G2F) Initiative has tested maize hybrids in more than 130 year-locations in North America since 2014. Here, we curate and expand this data set by generating environmental covariates (using a crop model) for each of the trials. The resulting data set includes DNA genotypes and environmental data linked to more than 70,000 phenotypic records of grain yield and flowering traits for more than 4000 hybrids. We show how this valuable data set can serve as a benchmark in agricultural modeling and prediction, paving the way for countless G×E investigations in maize. We use multivariate analyses to characterize the data set's genetic and environmental structure, study the association of key environmental factors with traits, and provide benchmarks using genomic prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lopez-Cruz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Fernando M Aguate
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jacob D Washburn
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Natalia de Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Shawn M Kaeppler
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Crop Innovation Center, University of Wisconsin, Middleton, WI, 53562, USA
| | | | - Ruijuan Tan
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | | | - Gustavo de Los Campos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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4
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El-Hage D, Gao CX, Bedi G, Guerin A, Francey S, Stavely H, Rickwood D, Telford N, McGorry P, Thompson A, Brown E. Correlates of substance use in a large naturalistic cohort of young people with early and emerging psychosis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1447-1456. [PMID: 36808500 PMCID: PMC10460356 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02436-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use remains a barrier to recovery for young people accessing early intervention services for psychosis. While correlates of use have been explored in populations experiencing a first episode of psychosis (FEP), sample sizes have been small and less research assesses cohorts at ultrahigh risk of psychosis (UHR). METHODS This study uses data from a naturalistic cohort including UHR and FEP participants (N = 1252) to elucidate clinical correlates of use in the past 3 months of any illicit substance, amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), cannabis, and tobacco. Moreover, network analysis based on use of these substances and additionally alcohol, cocaine, hallucinogens, sedatives, inhalants, and opioids was completed. RESULTS Young people with FEP used substances at significantly higher rates than those at UHR. High concurrence of use was seen between substances. In the FEP group, participants who had used any illicit substance, ATS, and/or tobacco had increased positive symptoms and decreased negative symptoms. Young people with FEP who used cannabis had increased positive symptoms. In the UHR group, participants who had used any illicit substance, ATS, and/or cannabis in the past 3 months showed decreased negative symptoms compared to those who had not. CONCLUSION A distinct clinical picture of more florid positive symptoms and alleviated negative symptoms seen in those who use substances in the FEP group appears muted in the UHR cohort. Treating young people at UHR in early intervention services represents the earliest opportunity to address substance use early to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D El-Hage
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - C X Gao
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - G Bedi
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - A Guerin
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - S Francey
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - H Stavely
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - D Rickwood
- Headspace National, Melbourne City, VIC, Australia
- University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - N Telford
- Headspace National, Melbourne City, VIC, Australia
| | - P McGorry
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ellie Brown
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Rieu R, Prestwich RJ, Paterson C, Vohra S, Swan A, Noble D, Srinivasan D, Dixon L, Chiu K, Scott A, Mendes R, Khan S, Pilar A, Thompson A, Nutting CM, McPartlin A. A Multicenter Study of Clinician and Patient Reported Acute and Late Toxicity after Radical (Chemo)Radiotherapy for Non-Endemic Nasopharyngeal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e619. [PMID: 37785855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Curative (chemo)radiotherapy ((CT)RT) for Nasopharyngeal cancers (NPC) achieves excellent disease control but is associated with significant late toxicities despite modern treatment delivery. Contemporary late toxicity data, including patient reported outcomes (PROs), is limited in the non-endemic population; we present a large contemporary series of toxicity outcomes and late PROs following treatment of non-endemic NPC. MATERIALS/METHODS Adult patients completing radical (CT)RT for primary NPC between February 2016 and 2020 at 7 large UK cancer centers were identified on institutional databases. Patients were excluded if they had prior head and neck cancer or prior therapeutic head and neck surgery (except neck dissection). Patients with an active other cancer were excluded from PRO assessment. Demographic, treatment, acute toxicity and outcome data were collected retrospectively from patient records. Disease-free patients were invited to complete an M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Index (MDADI) and University of Washington (UoW) Quality of Life (QoL) PROs questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 180 eligible patients were identified: 68% male, median age 54 years, 11% ≥70 years. EBV status was positive in 61% (unknown 12%). Patients had stage I (5%), II (22%), III (37%), IV (36%) disease; 95% were performance status ≤1 at baseline. Median follow-up was 31.2 months (range 0-68). A total of 54% received 70Gy in 33-35# and 43% received 65-66 Gy in 30-33#. 66% received induction and 65% received concurrent chemotherapy. 9.5% had residual disease at the first follow-up scan. Subsequent locoregional or distant recurrence occurred in 5% and 12% respectively. At last assessment, 84% patients were alive, 16% had died (of which 70% had active disease). Acute treatment toxicity included: 63% of patients required enteral support (median duration 98 days) with 9% a feeding tube at 1 year post treatment. 18% G3 dermatitis, 53% G3 mucositis. 82% requiring opioids and 40% admitted for symptom management. 90 patients completed the PROs (76% response rate) at a median of 37.8 months post treatment (Table 1). These demonstrate significant QoL detriment: 28% report significant pain, 24% require regular analgesia, and 59% report significant impact on daily activity. This was found to persist at different timepoints (not shown). CONCLUSION Excellent cancer survival outcomes are seen in a non-selected, non-endemic NPC population. However significant acute and late toxicity following radical treatment is identified which can profoundly negatively impact QoL in a relatively young cohort. This highlights the importance of ongoing efforts to reduce toxicity and supports the prospective evaluation of potential toxicity sparing technologies, such as proton beam radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rieu
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Prestwich
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - C Paterson
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Radiation Oncology Department, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Vohra
- Beaton West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Swan
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Noble
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Srinivasan
- Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - L Dixon
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - K Chiu
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Department of Clinical Oncology, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - A Scott
- Mount Vernon Hospital, Department of Clinical Oncology, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - R Mendes
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Khan
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Pilar
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Thompson
- North Middlesex University Hospital, Cambridge CB2 8AP, United Kingdom
| | - C M Nutting
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A McPartlin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Lima DC, Aviles AC, Alpers RT, Perkins A, Schoemaker DL, Costa M, Michel KJ, Kaeppler S, Ertl D, Romay MC, Gage JL, Holland J, Beissinger T, Bohn M, Buckler E, Edwards J, Flint-Garcia S, Gore MA, Hirsch CN, Knoll JE, McKay J, Minyo R, Murray SC, Schnable J, Sekhon RS, Singh MP, Sparks EE, Thomison P, Thompson A, Tuinstra M, Wallace J, Washburn JD, Weldekidan T, Xu W, de Leon N. 2020-2021 field seasons of Maize GxE project within the Genomes to Fields Initiative. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:219. [PMID: 37710302 PMCID: PMC10502993 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This release note describes the Maize GxE project datasets within the Genomes to Fields (G2F) Initiative. The Maize GxE project aims to understand genotype by environment (GxE) interactions and use the information collected to improve resource allocation efficiency and increase genotype predictability and stability, particularly in scenarios of variable environmental patterns. Hybrids and inbreds are evaluated across multiple environments and phenotypic, genotypic, environmental, and metadata information are made publicly available. DATA DESCRIPTION The datasets include phenotypic data of the hybrids and inbreds evaluated in 30 locations across the US and one location in Germany in 2020 and 2021, soil and climatic measurements and metadata information for all environments (combination of year and location), ReadMe, and description files for each data type. A set of common hybrids is present in each environment to connect with previous evaluations. Each environment had a collaborator responsible for collecting and submitting the data, the GxE coordination team combined all the collected information and removed obvious erroneous data. Collaborators received the combined data to use, verify and declare that the data generated in their own environments was accurate. Combined data is released to the public with minimal filtering to maintain fidelity to the original data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane Cristina Lima
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | | | - Ryan Timothy Alpers
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Alden Perkins
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dylan L Schoemaker
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Martin Costa
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kathryn J Michel
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Shawn Kaeppler
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - David Ertl
- Iowa Corn Promotion Board, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Maria Cinta Romay
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Joseph L Gage
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - James Holland
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Timothy Beissinger
- Department of Crop Science, Center for Integrated Breeding Research, University of Göttingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Bohn
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | - Jode Edwards
- USDA ARS CICGRU, 716 Farmhouse Ln, Ames, IA, 50011-1051, USA
| | - Sherry Flint-Garcia
- USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, University of Missouri, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Michael A Gore
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Candice N Hirsch
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Joseph E Knoll
- USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
| | - John McKay
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Richard Minyo
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Seth C Murray
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - James Schnable
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Rajandeep S Sekhon
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Maninder P Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Erin E Sparks
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | | | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Mitchell Tuinstra
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 49707, USA
| | - Jason Wallace
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jacob D Washburn
- USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, University of Missouri, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Wenwei Xu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Natalia de Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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7
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Henderson DAG, Donaghy E, Dozier M, Guthrie B, Huang H, Pickersgill M, Stewart E, Thompson A, Wang HHX, Mercer SW. Understanding primary care transformation and implications for ageing populations and health inequalities: a systematic scoping review of new models of primary health care in OECD countries and China. BMC Med 2023; 21:319. [PMID: 37620865 PMCID: PMC10463288 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many countries have introduced reforms with the aim of primary care transformation (PCT). Common objectives include meeting service delivery challenges associated with ageing populations and health inequalities. To date, there has been little research comparing PCT internationally. Our aim was to examine PCT and new models of primary care by conducting a systematic scoping review of international literature in order to describe major policy changes including key 'components', impacts of new models of care, and barriers and facilitators to PCT implementation. METHODS We undertook a systematic scoping review of international literature on PCT in OECD countries and China (published protocol: https://osf.io/2afym ). Ovid [MEDLINE/Embase/Global Health], CINAHL Plus, and Global Index Medicus were searched (01/01/10 to 28/08/21). Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts with data extraction by a single reviewer. A narrative synthesis of findings followed. RESULTS A total of 107 studies from 15 countries were included. The most frequently employed component of PCT was the expansion of multidisciplinary teams (MDT) (46% of studies). The most frequently measured outcome was GP views (27%), with < 20% measuring patient views or satisfaction. Only three studies evaluated the effects of PCT on ageing populations and 34 (32%) on health inequalities with ambiguous results. For the latter, PCT involving increased primary care access showed positive impacts whilst no benefits were reported for other components. Analysis of 41 studies citing barriers or facilitators to PCT implementation identified leadership, change, resources, and targets as key themes. CONCLUSIONS Countries identified in this review have used a range of approaches to PCT with marked heterogeneity in methods of evaluation and mixed findings on impacts. Only a minority of studies described the impacts of PCT on ageing populations, health inequalities, or from the patient perspective. The facilitators and barriers identified may be useful in planning and evaluating future developments in PCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A G Henderson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E Donaghy
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Dozier
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - B Guthrie
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - H Huang
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Pickersgill
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E Stewart
- School of Social Work and Social Policy, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Thompson
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - H H X Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S W Mercer
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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8
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Lima DC, Washburn JD, Varela JI, Chen Q, Gage JL, Romay MC, Holland J, Ertl D, Lopez-Cruz M, Aguate FM, de Los Campos G, Kaeppler S, Beissinger T, Bohn M, Buckler E, Edwards J, Flint-Garcia S, Gore MA, Hirsch CN, Knoll JE, McKay J, Minyo R, Murray SC, Ortez OA, Schnable JC, Sekhon RS, Singh MP, Sparks EE, Thompson A, Tuinstra M, Wallace J, Weldekidan T, Xu W, de Leon N. Genomes to Fields 2022 Maize genotype by Environment Prediction Competition. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:148. [PMID: 37461058 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Genomes to Fields (G2F) 2022 Maize Genotype by Environment (GxE) Prediction Competition aimed to develop models for predicting grain yield for the 2022 Maize GxE project field trials, leveraging the datasets previously generated by this project and other publicly available data. DATA DESCRIPTION This resource used data from the Maize GxE project within the G2F Initiative [1]. The dataset included phenotypic and genotypic data of the hybrids evaluated in 45 locations from 2014 to 2022. Also, soil, weather, environmental covariates data and metadata information for all environments (combination of year and location). Competitors also had access to ReadMe files which described all the files provided. The Maize GxE is a collaborative project and all the data generated becomes publicly available [2]. The dataset used in the 2022 Prediction Competition was curated and lightly filtered for quality and to ensure naming uniformity across years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane Cristina Lima
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Jacob D Washburn
- USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - José Ignacio Varela
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Qiuyue Chen
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Joseph L Gage
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Maria Cinta Romay
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - James Holland
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - David Ertl
- Iowa Corn Promotion Board, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Marco Lopez-Cruz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Fernando M Aguate
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Gustavo de Los Campos
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Shawn Kaeppler
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Timothy Beissinger
- Department of Crop Science, Center for Integrated Breeding Research, University of Göttingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Bohn
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | - Jode Edwards
- USDA ARS CICGRU, 716 Farmhouse Ln, Ames, IA, 50011-1051, USA
| | - Sherry Flint-Garcia
- USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Michael A Gore
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Candice N Hirsch
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Joseph E Knoll
- USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
| | - John McKay
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Richard Minyo
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Seth C Murray
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Osler A Ortez
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - James C Schnable
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Rajandeep S Sekhon
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Maninder P Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Erin E Sparks
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Mitchell Tuinstra
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 49707, USA
| | - Jason Wallace
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | | | - Wenwei Xu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Natalia de Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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9
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Smid CR, Ganesan K, Thompson A, Cañigueral R, Veselic S, Royer J, Kool W, Hauser TU, Bernhardt B, Steinbeis N. Neurocognitive basis of model-based decision making and its metacontrol in childhood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 62:101269. [PMID: 37352654 PMCID: PMC10329104 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human behavior is supported by both goal-directed (model-based) and habitual (model-free) decision-making, each differing in its flexibility, accuracy, and computational cost. The arbitration between habitual and goal-directed systems is thought to be regulated by a process known as metacontrol. However, how these systems emerge and develop remains poorly understood. Recently, we found that while children between 5 and 11 years displayed robust signatures of model-based decision-making, which increased during this developmental period, there were substantial individual differences in the display of metacontrol. Here, we inspect the neurocognitive basis of model-based decision-making and metacontrol in childhood and focus this investigation on executive functions, fluid reasoning, and brain structure. A total of 69 participants between the ages of 6-13 completed a two-step decision-making task and an extensive behavioral test battery. A subset of 44 participants also completed a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. We find that individual differences in metacontrol are specifically associated with performance on an inhibition task and individual differences in thickness of dorsolateral prefrontal, temporal, and superior-parietal cortices. These brain regions likely reflect the involvement of cognitive processes crucial to metacontrol, such as cognitive control and contextual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Smid
- Department of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom.
| | - K Ganesan
- Department of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - R Cañigueral
- Department of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - S Veselic
- Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Department of Motor Neuroscience, University College London, United Kingdom; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - J Royer
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - W Kool
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - T U Hauser
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, United Kingdom; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, United Kingdom
| | - B Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - N Steinbeis
- Department of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
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10
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Lima DC, Aviles AC, Alpers RT, McFarland BA, Kaeppler S, Ertl D, Romay MC, Gage JL, Holland J, Beissinger T, Bohn M, Buckler E, Edwards J, Flint-Garcia S, Hirsch CN, Hood E, Hooker DC, Knoll JE, Kolkman JM, Liu S, McKay J, Minyo R, Moreta DE, Murray SC, Nelson R, Schnable JC, Sekhon RS, Singh MP, Thomison P, Thompson A, Tuinstra M, Wallace J, Washburn JD, Weldekidan T, Wisser RJ, Xu W, de Leon N. 2018-2019 field seasons of the Maize Genomes to Fields (G2F) G x E project. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:29. [PMID: 37231352 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This report provides information about the public release of the 2018-2019 Maize G X E project of the Genomes to Fields (G2F) Initiative datasets. G2F is an umbrella initiative that evaluates maize hybrids and inbred lines across multiple environments and makes available phenotypic, genotypic, environmental, and metadata information. The initiative understands the necessity to characterize and deploy public sources of genetic diversity to face the challenges for more sustainable agriculture in the context of variable environmental conditions. DATA DESCRIPTION Datasets include phenotypic, climatic, and soil measurements, metadata information, and inbred genotypic information for each combination of location and year. Collaborators in the G2F initiative collected data for each location and year; members of the group responsible for coordination and data processing combined all the collected information and removed obvious erroneous data. The collaborators received the data before the DOI release to verify and declare that the data generated in their own locations was accurate. ReadMe and description files are available for each dataset. Previous years of evaluation are already publicly available, with common hybrids present to connect across all locations and years evaluated since this project's inception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bridget A McFarland
- Panama-USA Commission for the Eradication and Prevention of Screwworm (COPEG), USDA-APHIS-IS, Pacora, Panama
| | - Shawn Kaeppler
- Department of Agronomy, University of WI - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - David Ertl
- Iowa Corn Promotion Board, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Maria Cinta Romay
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Joseph L Gage
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - James Holland
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Timothy Beissinger
- Department of Crop Science, University of Göttingen Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Bohn
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | | | - Jode Edwards
- USDA ARS CICGRU, 716 Farmhouse Ln, Ames, IA, 50011-1051, USA
| | | | - Candice N Hirsch
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hood
- College of Agriculture, Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, 72404, USA
| | - David C Hooker
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph E Knoll
- USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
| | - Judith M Kolkman
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Sanzhen Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66503, USA
| | - John McKay
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Richard Minyo
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Danilo E Moreta
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Seth C Murray
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | | | - James C Schnable
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Rajandeep S Sekhon
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Maninder P Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | | | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Mitchell Tuinstra
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 49707, USA
| | - Jason Wallace
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | | | | | - Randall J Wisser
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Des Plantes Sous Stress Environmentaux, INRAE, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Wenwei Xu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Natalia de Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of WI - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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11
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Kick DR, Wallace JG, Schnable JC, Kolkman JM, Alaca B, Beissinger TM, Edwards J, Ertl D, Flint-Garcia S, Gage JL, Hirsch CN, Knoll JE, de Leon N, Lima DC, Moreta DE, Singh MP, Thompson A, Weldekidan T, Washburn JD. Yield prediction through integration of genetic, environment, and management data through deep learning. G3 (Bethesda) 2023; 13:jkad006. [PMID: 36625555 PMCID: PMC10085787 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Accurate prediction of the phenotypic outcomes produced by different combinations of genotypes, environments, and management interventions remains a key goal in biology with direct applications to agriculture, research, and conservation. The past decades have seen an expansion of new methods applied toward this goal. Here we predict maize yield using deep neural networks, compare the efficacy of 2 model development methods, and contextualize model performance using conventional linear and machine learning models. We examine the usefulness of incorporating interactions between disparate data types. We find deep learning and best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) models with interactions had the best overall performance. BLUP models achieved the lowest average error, but deep learning models performed more consistently with similar average error. Optimizing deep neural network submodules for each data type improved model performance relative to optimizing the whole model for all data types at once. Examining the effect of interactions in the best-performing model revealed that including interactions altered the model's sensitivity to weather and management features, including a reduction of the importance scores for timepoints expected to have a limited physiological basis for influencing yield-those at the extreme end of the season, nearly 200 days post planting. Based on these results, deep learning provides a promising avenue for the phenotypic prediction of complex traits in complex environments and a potential mechanism to better understand the influence of environmental and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Kick
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jason G Wallace
- Department of Crop & Soil Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - James C Schnable
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Judith M Kolkman
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Barış Alaca
- Division of Plant Breeding Methodology, Department of Crop Science, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37073, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37073, Germany
| | - Timothy M Beissinger
- Division of Plant Breeding Methodology, Department of Crop Science, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37073, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, University of Goettingen, Goettingen 37073, Germany
| | - Jode Edwards
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - David Ertl
- Research and Business Development, Iowa Corn Promotion Board, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Sherry Flint-Garcia
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Joseph L Gage
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Candice N Hirsch
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Joseph E Knoll
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - Natalia de Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dayane C Lima
- Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Danilo E Moreta
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Maninder P Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Jacob D Washburn
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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12
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Green C, McGinley J, Sande C, Capone S, Makvandi-Nejad S, Vitelli A, Silva-Reyes L, Bibi S, Otasowie C, Sheerin D, Thompson A, Dold C, Klenerman P, Barnes E, Dorrell L, Rollier C, Pollard A, O’Connor D. Transcriptomic response and immunological responses to chimpanzee adenovirus- and MVA viral-vectored vaccines for RSV in healthy adults. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 211:269-279. [PMID: 36622786 PMCID: PMC10038321 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cohorts of healthy younger adults (18-50yrs) and healthy older adults (60-75yrs) were immunized intramuscularly or intranasally with an adenovirus-vectored RSV vaccine (PanAd3-RSV) as a prime dose and boosted with PanAd3-RSV or a poxvirus-vectored vaccine (MVA-RSV) encoding the same insert. Whole blood gene expression was measured at baseline, 3- and 7-days post vaccination. Intramuscular prime vaccination with PanAd3-RSV induced differential expression of 643 genes (DEGs, FDR < 0.05). Intranasal prime vaccination with PanAd3-RSV did not induce any differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in blood samples at 3 days post vaccination. Intranasally primed participants showed greater numbers of DEGS on boosting than intramuscularly primed participants. The most highly enriched biological processes related to DEGs after both prime and boost vaccination were type-1 interferon related pathways, lymphocytic and humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Green
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J McGinley
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Sande
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Capone
- Experimental Vaccinology Department, ReiThera Srl, Roma, Italy
| | - S Makvandi-Nejad
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford NDM Research Building, Oxford, UK
| | - A Vitelli
- Experimental Vaccinology Department, ReiThera Srl, Roma, Italy
| | - L Silva-Reyes
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Bibi
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Otasowie
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D Sheerin
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Thompson
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Dold
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Klenerman
- Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Barnes
- Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L Dorrell
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford NDM Research Building, Oxford, UK
| | - C Rollier
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D O’Connor
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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13
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Pineda D, Bingham RE, Thompson A, Gates A, Stansfield B. Acid/base balance in fortified human milk. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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14
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Alsaidi Y, Thompson A, Spilchuk V, House RA, Adisesh A. Cryoglobulins and cold agglutinins for hand arm vibration syndrome. Occup Med (Lond) 2022; 72:609-613. [PMID: 36179074 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) is a condition caused by hand transmitted vibration from the use of hand-held vibrating tools or workpieces. The disease affects the vascular, neurological and musculoskeletal systems. The vascular component of HAVS is a form of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. Other causes of disease must be excluded before attributing the cause to hand transmitted vibration. AIMS To evaluate the prevalence, and utility of testing for, cryoglobulins and cold agglutinins in patients with HAVS symptoms. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 1183 patients referred for HAVS clinical assessment at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada, between 2014 and 2020. The standard operating procedure at the clinic includes a detailed clinical and exposure history, physical examination, objective investigations and blood tests. Data were retrieved from patient chart review and laboratory investigation results for all cases with cryoglobulin and cold agglutinin testing. RESULTS A total of 1183 patients had a serum cryoglobulin measurement. Eleven patients (1%) were positive. Seven positive results were 'low titre' (1% positive) and the other four results were 2%, 6%, 9% and 18%. The patient with a 9% positive cryoglobulin titre had previously diagnosed Sjögren's syndrome. There were no positive cold agglutinin tests in the 795 patients tested. CONCLUSIONS Routine testing for cryoglobulins and cold agglutinins in patients with HAVS symptoms is not recommended because test positivity rates are negligible. Testing may be considered if the clinical history or routine blood investigations suggest evidence of underlying cryoglobulinaemia or cold agglutinin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Alsaidi
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Thompson
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - V Spilchuk
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - R A House
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Adisesh
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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15
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Seneviratne D, DeWees T, Buras M, Beuerlein W, Chumsri S, Thompson A, Thorpe C, Vallow L, Pockaj B, Cronin P, Halyard M, Vern-Gross T, McGee L, Mclaughlin S, Zot P, Vargas C. Assessing the Relationship between Residual Cancer Burden and the Tumor Immune-Microenvironment in Early-Stage, Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Following Preoperative Radiation Therapy in MC1732 Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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16
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Connor C, Yap MBH, Warwick J, Birchwood M, De Valliere N, Madan J, Melvin GA, Padfeld E, Patterson P, Petrou S, Raynes K, Stewart-Brown S, Thompson A. Correction: An online parenting intervention to prevent affective disorders in high-risk adolescents: the PIPA trial protocol. Trials 2022; 23:919. [PMID: 36316757 PMCID: PMC9620662 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Connor
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - M. B. H. Yap
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J. Warwick
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - M. Birchwood
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - N. De Valliere
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - J. Madan
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - G. A. Melvin
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E. Padfeld
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - P. Patterson
- grid.498025.20000 0004 0376 6175Birmingham Women’s & Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S. Petrou
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - K. Raynes
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - S. Stewart-Brown
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - A. Thompson
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
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Ridley J, Huff M, Thompson A, Masood A, Vela E. 303 Improving Obstetrical Trauma Care Using a Standardized Protocol. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hafeez S, Koh M, Jones K, El Ghzal A, D'Arcy J, Kumar P, Khoo V, Lalondrelle S, McDonald F, Thompson A, Scurr E, Sohaib A, Huddart R. Assessing Bladder Radiotherapy Response With Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022; 34:630-641. [PMID: 35534398 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Radiotherapy with radiosensitisation offers opportunity for cure with organ preservation in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Treatment response assessment and follow-up are reliant on regular endoscopic evaluation of the retained bladder. In this study we aim to determine the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) analysis to assess bladder radiotherapy response. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with T2-T4aN0-3M0 MIBC suitable for radical radiotherapy were recruited prospectively to an ethics approved protocol. Following transurethral resection of the bladder tumour and prior to any treatment, magnetic resonance imaging including DWI was performed on a 1.5T system using b values of 0, 100, 150, 250, 500, 750 s/mm2. DWI was repeated 3 months after completing radiotherapy. Cystoscopy and tumour site biopsy were undertaken following this. The response was dichotomised into response ( RESULTS Thirty-four patients were evaluated. Response was associated with a significant increase in ΔADC mean compared with poor response at ΔADCall (0.57 × 10-3 mm2/s versus -0.01 × 10-3 mm2/s; P < 0.0001) and ΔADCb100 (0.58 × 10-3 mm2/s versus -0.10 x 10-3 mm2/s; P = 0.007). A 48.50% increase in %ΔADCall mean was seen in response compared with a 1.37% decrease in poor response (P < 0.0001). This corresponded to a %ΔADCb100 mean increase of 50.34% in response versus a 7.36% decrease for poor response (P < 0.0001). Significant area under the curve (AUC) values predictive of radiotherapy response were identified at ΔADC and %ΔADC for ADCall and ADCb100 mean, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles (AUC >0.9, P < 0.01). ΔADCall mean of 0.16 × 10-3 mm2/s and ΔADCb100 mean 0.12 × 10-3 mm2/s predicted radiotherapy response with sensitivity/specificity/positive predictive value/negative predictive value of 92.9%/100.0%/100.0%/75.0% and 89.3%/100.0%/100.0%/66.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative DWI analysis can successfully provide non-invasive assessment of bladder radiotherapy response. Multicentre validation is required before prospective testing to inform MIBC radiotherapy follow-up schedules and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hafeez
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - M Koh
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Jones
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A El Ghzal
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J D'Arcy
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - P Kumar
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - V Khoo
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Lalondrelle
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - F McDonald
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Thompson
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - E Scurr
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Sohaib
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Huddart
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Nigrovic L, Neville D, Chapman L, Kharbanda A, Balamuth F, Levas M, Thompson A, Gerstbrein D, Buchan B. 5EMF Frequency of Tick-borne Coinfections in Children With Suspected Lyme Disease. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Meyer C, Zeidan A, Beshara G, Cortes J, Tibbetts C, Tracy BM, Jayaraman Muralidharan V, Sola R, Hernandez Irizarry R, Williams K, Thompson A, Todd S, Sciarretta J, Smith R. Characterizing injury patterns and outcomes in hospitalized trauma patients with non-English Language Preferences. Am J Surg 2022; 225:948-952. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mullan K, Ferris K, Thompson A, Loughran C. ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO A COMMON TOPICAL ACNE TREATMENT - AN UNFAMILIAR MIMIC OF ANGIOEDEMA. Ulster Med J 2022; 91:167-169. [PMID: 36474842 PMCID: PMC9720594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Mullan
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children (RBHSC), Belfast, N. Ireland
| | - K Ferris
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children (RBHSC), Belfast, N. Ireland,Centre for Medical Education, Queens University Belfast
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children (RBHSC), Belfast, N. Ireland,Corresponding Author- Dr.Andrew Thompson ()
| | - C Loughran
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children (RBHSC), Belfast, N. Ireland
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22
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Thompson A, Chavas L, Isabet T, Jamme F, Montaville P, Perez J, Pineau B, Susini J, Lassalle B, Eric L, Pierre-Damien C. New opportunities for integrated structural biology at fourth-generation synchrotron sources. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322093159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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23
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Connor C, Mbh Y, Warwick J, Birchwood M, De Valliere N, Madan J, Melvin GA, Padfield E, Patterson P, Petrou S, Raynes K, Stewart-Brown S, Thompson A. An online parenting intervention to prevent affective disorders in high-risk adolescents: the PIPA trial protocol. Trials 2022; 23:655. [PMID: 35971178 PMCID: PMC9376903 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent depression can place a young person at high risk of recurrence and a range of psychosocial and vocational impairments in adult life, highlighting the importance of early recognition and prevention. Parents/carers are well placed to notice changes in their child's emotional wellbeing which may indicate risk, and there is increasing evidence that modifiable factors exist within the family system that may help reduce the risk of depression and anxiety in an adolescent. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the online personalised 'Partners in Parenting' programme developed in Australia, focused on improving parenting skills, knowledge and awareness, showed that it helped reduce depressive symptoms in adolescents who had elevated symptom levels at baseline. We have adapted this programme and will conduct an RCT in a UK setting. METHODS In total, 433 family dyads (parents/carers and children aged 11-15) will be recruited through schools, social media and parenting/family groups in the UK. Following completion of screening measures of their adolescent's depressive symptoms, parents/carers of those with elevated scores will be randomised to receive either the online personalised parenting programme or a series of online factsheets about adolescent development and wellbeing. The primary objective will be to test whether the personalised parenting intervention reduces depressive symptoms in adolescents deemed at high risk, using the parent-reported Short Mood & Feelings Questionnaire. Follow-up assessments will be undertaken at 6 and 15 months and a process evaluation will examine context, implementation and impact of the intervention. An economic evaluation will also be incorporated with cost-effectiveness of the parenting intervention expressed in terms of incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year gained. DISCUSSION Half of mental health problems emerge before mid-adolescence and approximately three-quarters by mid-20s, highlighting the need for effective preventative strategies. However, few early interventions are family focused and delivered online. We aim to conduct a National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) funded RCT of the online personalised 'Partners in Parenting' programme, proven effective in Australia, targeting adolescents at risk of depression to evaluate its effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and usability in a UK setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION {2A}: ISRCTN63358736 . Registered 18 September 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Connor
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Yap Mbh
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Warwick
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - M Birchwood
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - N De Valliere
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - J Madan
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - E Padfield
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - P Patterson
- Birmingham Women's & Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Petrou
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - K Raynes
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - S Stewart-Brown
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - A Thompson
- University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Papaluca T, Craigie A, McDonald L, Edwards A, Winter R, Hoang A, Pappas A, Waldron A, McCoy K, Stoove M, Doyle J, Hellard M, Holmes J, MacIsaac M, Desmond P, Iser D, Thompson A. Care navigation increases initiation of hepatitis C treatment following release from prison in a prospective randomised controlled trial: The C-LINK Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac350. [PMID: 35949401 PMCID: PMC9356682 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prison-based hepatitis C treatment is safe and effective; however, many individuals are released untreated due to time or resource constraints. On community re-entry, individuals face a number of immediate competing priorities, and in this context, linkage to hepatitis C care is low. Interventions targeted at improving healthcare continuity after prison release have yielded positive outcomes for other health diagnoses; however, data regarding hepatitis C transitional care are limited. Methods We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing a hepatitis C care navigator intervention with standard of care for individuals released from prison with untreated hepatitis C infection. The primary outcome was prescription of hepatitis C direct-acting antivirals (DAA) within 6 months of release. Results Forty-six participants were randomized. The median age was 36 years and 59% were male. Ninety percent (n = 36 of 40) had injected drugs within 6 months before incarceration. Twenty-two were randomized to care navigation and 24 were randomized to standard of care. Individuals randomized to the intervention were more likely to commence hepatitis C DAAs within 6 months of release (73%, n = 16 of 22 vs 33% n = 8 of 24, P < .01), and the median time between re-entry and DAA prescription was significantly shorter (21 days [interquartile range {IQR}, 11–42] vs 82 days [IQR, 44–99], P = .049). Conclusions Care navigation increased hepatitis C treatment uptake among untreated individuals released from prison. Public policy should support similar models of care to promote treatment in this high-risk population. Such an approach will help achieve hepatitis C elimination as a public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Papaluca
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - A Craigie
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - L McDonald
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - A Edwards
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - R Winter
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
- Burnet Institute , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - A Hoang
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - A Pappas
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - A Waldron
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - K McCoy
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - M Stoove
- Burnet Institute , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University , Victoria , Australia
| | - J Doyle
- Burnet Institute , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University , Victoria , Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred and Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - M Hellard
- Burnet Institute , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University , Victoria , Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred and Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - J Holmes
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - M MacIsaac
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - P Desmond
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - D Iser
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital and the University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge WA, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight SR, Kamarajah SK, McLean KA, Glasbey JC, Khaw RA, Ahmed W, Akhbari M, Baker D, Borakati A, Mills E, Thavayogan R, Yasin I, Raubenheimer K, Ridley W, Sarrami M, Zhang G, Egoroff N, Pockney P, Richards T, Bhangu A, Creagh-Brown B, Edwards M, Harrison EM, Lee M, Nepogodiev D, Pinkney T, Pearse R, Smart N, Vohra R, Sohrabi C, Jamieson A, Nguyen M, Rahman A, English C, Tincknell L, Kakodkar P, Kwek I, Punjabi N, Burns J, Varghese S, Erotocritou M, McGuckin S, Vayalapra S, Dominguez E, Moneim J, Salehi M, Tan HL, Yoong A, Zhu L, Seale B, Nowinka Z, Patel N, Chrisp B, Harris J, Maleyko I, Muneeb F, Gough M, James CE, Skan O, Chowdhury A, Rebuffa N, Khan H, Down B, Fatimah Hussain Q, Adams M, Bailey A, Cullen G, Fu YXJ, McClement B, Taylor A, Aitken S, Bachelet B, Brousse de Gersigny J, Chang C, Khehra B, Lahoud N, Lee Solano M, Louca M, Rozenbroek P, Rozitis E, Agbinya N, Anderson E, Arwi G, Barry I, Batchelor C, Chong T, Choo LY, Clark L, Daniels M, Goh J, Handa A, Hanna J, Huynh L, Jeon A, Kanbour A, Lee A, Lee J, Lee T, Leigh J, Ly D, McGregor F, Moss J, Nejatian M, O'Loughlin E, Ramos I, Sanchez B, Shrivathsa A, Sincari A, Sobhi S, Swart R, Trimboli J, Wignall P, Bourke E, Chong A, Clayton S, Dawson A, Hardy E, Iqbal R, Le L, Mao S, Marinelli I, Metcalfe H, Panicker D, R HH, Ridgway S, Tan HH, Thong S, Van M, Woon S, Woon-Shoo-Tong XS, Yu S, Ali K, Chee J, Chiu C, Chow YW, Duller A, Nagappan P, Ng S, Selvanathan M, Sheridan C, Temple M, Do JE, Dudi-Venkata NN, Humphries E, Li L, Mansour LT, Massy-Westropp C, Fang B, Farbood K, Hong H, Huang Y, Joan M, Koh C, Liu YHA, Mahajan T, Muller E, Park R, Tanudisastro M, Wu JJG, Chopra P, Giang S, Radcliffe S, Thach P, Wallace D, Wilkes A, Chinta SH, Li J, Phan J, Rahman F, Segaran A, Shannon J, Zhang M, Adams N, Bonte A, Choudhry A, Colterjohn N, Croyle JA, Donohue J, Feighery A, Keane A, McNamara D, Munir K, Roche D, Sabnani R, Seligman D, Sharma S, Stickney Z, Suchy H, Tan R, Yordi S, Ahmed I, Aranha M, El Sabawy D, Garwood P, Harnett M, Holohan R, Howard R, Kayyal Y, Krakoski N, Lupo M, McGilberry W, Nepon H, Scoleri Y, Urbina C, Ahmad Fuad MF, Ahmed O, Jaswantlal D, Kelly E, Khan MHT, Naidu D, Neo WX, O'Neill R, Sugrue M, Abbas JD, Abdul-Fattah S, Azlan A, Barry K, Idris NS, Kaka N, Mc Dermott D, Mohammad Nasir MN, Mozo M, Rehal A, Shaikh Yousef M, Wong RH, Curran E, Gardner M, Hogan A, Julka R, Lasser G, Ní Chorráin N, Ting J, Browne R, George S, Janjua Z, Leung Shing V, Megally M, Murphy S, Ravenscroft L, Vedadi A, Vyas V, Bryan A, Sheikh A, Ubhi J, Vannelli K, Vawda A, Adeusi L, Doherty C, Fitzgerald C, Gallagher H, Gill P, Hamza H, Hogan M, Kelly S, Larry J, Lynch P, Mazeni NA, O'Connell R, O'Loghlin R, Singh K, Abbas Syed R, Ali A, Alkandari B, Arnold A, Arora E, Azam R, Breathnach C, Cheema J, Compton M, Curran S, Elliott JA, Jayasamraj O, Mohammed N, Noone A, Pal A, Pandey S, Quinn P, Sheridan R, Siew L, Tan EP, Tio SW, Toh VTR, Walsh M, Yap C, Yassa J, Young T, Agarwal N, Almoosawy SA, Bowen K, Bruce D, Connachan R, Cook A, Daniell A, Elliott M, Fung HKF, Irving A, Laurie S, Lee YJ, Lim ZX, Maddineni S, McClenaghan RE, Muthuganesan V, Ravichandran P, Roberts N, Shaji S, Solt S, Toshney E, Arnold C, Baker O, Belais F, Bojanic C, Byrne M, Chau CYC, De Soysa S, Eldridge M, Fairey M, Fearnhead N, Guéroult A, Ho JSY, Joshi K, Kadiyala N, Khalid S, Khan F, Kumar K, Lewis E, Magee J, Manetta-Jones D, Mann S, McKeown L, Mitrofan C, Mohamed T, Monnickendam A, Ng AYKC, Ortu A, Patel M, Pope T, Pressling S, Purohit K, Saji S, Shah Foridi J, Shah R, Siddiqui SS, Surman K, Utukuri M, Varghese A, Williams CYK, Yang JJ, Billson E, Cheah E, Holmes P, Hussain S, Murdock D, Nicholls A, Patel P, Ramana G, Saleki M, Spence H, Thomas D, Yu C, Abousamra M, Brown C, Conti I, Donnelly A, Durand M, French N, Goan R, O'Kane E, Rubinchik P, Gardiner H, Kempf B, Lai YL, Matthews H, Minford E, Rafferty C, Reid C, Sheridan N, Al Bahri T, Bhoombla N, Rao BM, Titu L, Chatha S, Field C, Gandhi T, Gulati R, Jha R, Jones Sam MT, Karim S, Patel R, Saunders M, Sharma K, Abid S, Heath E, Kurup D, Patel A, Ali M, Cresswell B, Felstead D, Jennings K, Kaluarachchi T, Lazzereschi L, Mayson H, Miah JE, Reinders B, Rosser A, Thomas C, Williams H, Al-Hamid Z, Alsadoun L, Chlubek M, Fernando P, Gaunt E, Gercek Y, Maniar R, Ma R, Matson M, Moore S, Morris A, Nagappan PG, Ratnayake M, Rockall L, Shallcross O, Sinha A, Tan KE, Virdee S, Wenlock R, Donnelly HA, Ghazal R, Hughes I, Liu X, McFadden M, Misbert E, Mogey P, O'Hara A, Peace C, Rainey C, Raja P, Salem M, Salmon J, Tan CH, Alves D, Bahl S, Baker C, Coulthurst J, Koysombat K, Linn T, Rai P, Sharma A, Shergill A, Ahmed M, Ahmed S, Belk LH, Choudhry H, Cummings D, Dixon Y, Dobinson C, Edwards J, Flint J, Franco Da Silva C, Gallie R, Gardener M, Glover T, Greasley M, Hatab A, Howells R, Hussey T, Khan A, Mann A, Morrison H, Ng A, Osmond R, Padmakumar N, Pervaiz F, Prince R, Qureshi A, Sawhney R, Sigurdson B, Stephenson L, Vora K, Zacken A, Cope P, Di Traglia R, Ferarrio I, Hackett N, Healicon R, Horseman L, Lam LI, Meerdink M, Menham D, Murphy R, Nimmo I, Ramaesh A, Rees J, Soame R, Dilaver N, Adebambo D, Brown E, Burt J, Foster K, Kaliyappan L, Knight P, Politis A, Richardson E, Townsend J, Abdi M, Ball M, Easby S, Gill N, Ho E, Iqbal H, Matthews M, Nubi S, Nwokocha JO, Okafor I, Perry G, Sinartio B, Vanukuru N, Walkley D, Welch T, Yates J, Yeshitila N, Bryans K, Campbell B, Gray C, Keys R, Macartney M, Chamberlain G, Khatri A, Kucheria A, Lee STP, Reese G, Roy choudhury J, Tan WYR, Teh JJ, Ting A, Kazi S, Kontovounisios C, Vutipongsatorn K, Amarnath T, Balasubramanian N, Bassett E, Gurung P, Lim J, Panjikkaran A, Sanalla A, Alkoot M, Bacigalupo V, Eardley N, Horton M, Hurry A, Isti C, Maskell P, Nursiah K, Punn G, Salih H, Epanomeritakis E, Foulkes A, Henderson R, Johnston E, McCullough H, McLarnon M, Morrison E, Cheung A, Cho SH, Eriksson F, Hedges J, Low Z, May C, Musto L, Nagi S, Nur S, Salau E, Shabbir S, Thomas MC, Uthayanan L, Vig S, Zaheer M, Zeng G, Ashcroft-Quinn S, Brown R, Hayes J, McConville R, French R, Gilliam A, Sheetal S, Shehzad MU, Bani W, Christie I, Franklyn J, Khan M, Russell J, Smolarek S, Varadarassou R, Ahmed SK, Narayanaswamy S, Sealy J, Shah M, Dodhia V, Manukyan A, O'Hare R, Orbell J, Chung I, Forenc K, Gupta A, Agarwal A, Al Dabbagh A, Bennewith R, Bottomley J, Chu TSM, Chu YYA, Doherty W, Evans B, Hainsworth P, Hosfield T, Li CH, McCullagh I, Mehta A, Thaker A, Thompson B, Virdi A, Walker H, Wilkins E, Dixon C, Hassan MR, Lotca N, Tong KS, Batchelor-Parry H, Chaudhari S, Harris T, Hooper J, Johnson C, Mulvihill C, Nayler J, Olutobi O, Piramanayagam B, Stones K, Sussman M, Weaver C, Alam F, Al Rawi M, Andrew F, Arrayeh A, Azizan N, Hassan A, Iqbal Z, John I, Jones M, Kalake O, Keast M, Nicholas J, Patil A, Powell K, Roberts P, Sabri A, Segue AK, Shah A, Shaik Mohamed SA, Shehadeh A, Shenoy S, Tong A, Upcott M, Vijayasingam D, Anarfi S, Dauncey J, Devindaran A, Havalda P, Komninos G, Mwendwa E, Norman C, Richards J, Urquhart A, Allan J, Cahya E, Hunt H, McWhirter C, Norton R, Roxburgh C, Tan JY, Ali Butt S, Hansdot S, Haq I, Mootien A, Sanchez I, Vainas T, Deliyannis E, Tan M, Vipond M, Chittoor Satish NN, Dattani A, De Carvalho L, Gaston-Grubb M, Karunanithy L, Lowe B, Pace C, Raju K, Roope J, Taylor C, Youssef H, Munro T, Thorn C, Wong KHF, Yunus A, Chawla S, Datta A, Dinesh AA, Field D, Georgi T, Gwozdz A, Hamstead E, Howard N, Isleyen N, Jackson N, Kingdon J, Sagoo KS, Schizas A, Yin L, Aung E, Aung YY, Franklin S, Han SM, Kim WC, Martin Segura A, Rossi M, Ross T, Tirimanna R, Wang B, Zakieh O, Ben-Arzi H, Flach A, Jackson E, Magers S, Olu abara C, Rogers E, Sugden K, Tan H, Veliah S, Walton U, Asif A, Bharwada Y, Bowley D, Broekhuizen A, Cooper L, Evans N, Girdlestone H, Ling C, Mann H, Mehmood N, Mulvenna CL, Rainer N, Trout I, Gujjuri R, Jeyaraman D, Leong E, Singh D, Smith 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Waring H, Wu M, Yang T, Ye TTS, Zander A, Zeicu C, Bellam S, Francombe J, Kawamoto N, Rahman MR, Sathyanarayana A, Tang HT, Cheung J, Hollingshead J, Page V, Sugarman J, Wong E, Chiong J, Fung E, Kan SY, Kiang J, Kok J, Krahelski O, Liew MY, Lyell B, Sharif Z, Speake D, Alim L, Amakye NY, Chandrasekaran J, Chandratreya N, Drake J, Owoso T, Thu YM, Abou El Ela Bourquin B, Alberts J, Chapman D, Rehnnuma N, Ainsworth K, Carpenter H, Emmanuel T, Fisher T, Gabrel M, Guan Z, Hollows S, Hotouras A, Ip Fung Chun N, Jaffer S, Kallikas G, Kennedy N, Lewinsohn B, Liu FY, Mohammed S, Rutherfurd A, Situ T, Stammer A, Taylor F, Thin N, Urgesi E, Zhang N, Ahmad MA, Bishop A, Bowes A, Dixit A, Glasson R, Hatta S, Hatt K, Larcombe S, Preece J, Riordan E, Fegredo D, Haq MZ, Li C, McCann G, Stewart D, Baraza W, Bhullar D, Burt G, Coyle J, Deans J, Devine A, Hird R, Ikotun O, Manchip G, Ross C, Storey L, Tan WWL, Tse C, Warner C, Whitehead M, Wu F, Court EL, Crisp E, Huttman M, Mayes F, Robertson H, Rosen H, Sandberg C, Smith H, Al Bakry M, Ashwell W, Bajaj S, Bandyopadhyay D, Browlee O, Burway S, Chand CP, Elsayeh K, Elsharkawi A, Evans E, Ferrin S, Fort-Schaale A, Iacob M, I K, Impelliziere Licastro G, Mankoo AS, Olaniyan T, Otun J, Pereira R, Reddy R, Saeed D, Simmonds O, Singhal G, Tron K, Wickstone C, Williams R, Bradshaw E, De Kock Jewell V, Houlden C, Knight C, Metezai H, Mirza-Davies A, Seymour Z, Spink D, Wischhusen S. Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4:e520-e531. [PMID: 35750401 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). FINDINGS In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683-0·717]). INTERPRETATION In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. FUNDING British Journal of Surgery Society.
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Crozier I, Haqqani H, Kotschet E, Shaw D, Prabhu A, Roubos J, Alison J, Melton I, Denman R, Lin T, Almeida A, Thompson A, Lande J, Liang S, O’donnell D. Three-year chronic follow-up from the pilot study of a substernal extravascular implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Medtronic
Background
The investigational Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (EV ICD) uses a substernal lead and delivers defibrillation and pacing therapies, including antitachycardia pacing (ATP).
Objective
To characterize EV ICD system performance through 3 years.
Methods
The prospective, first-in-human EV ICD Pilot study was conducted at 4 sites in Australia and New Zealand. ICD-indicated patients were enrolled July-December of 2018. Defibrillation testing was conducted for all patients at implant, and chronically per physician discretion. Electrical testing was conducted at pre-hospital discharge, 2 weeks, 4-6 weeks and 3 months post-implant, and every 6 months thereafter. Posture effects on pacing and sensing were evaluated through 3 months.
Results
Of 26 patients enrolled, 21 underwent the EV ICD implant procedure. There were no intraprocedural complications. After successful implantation and testing, 17 of 21 patients entered chronic follow-up. 14 patients continue follow up, representing 523 patient-months. Eight elective chronic defibrillation tests converted 7 of 7 patients with ≤ 40 J (maximum energy). Five episodes of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) were detected in 1 patient and either self-terminated or successfully defibrillated with appropriate shock.
Over the total course of follow-up, 3 patients received an inappropriate shock due to; lead tip displacement with subsequent P-wave oversensing; Electromagnetic interference (EMI) in a ungrounded hot-tub; and EMI while doing plumbing work on unearthed electrical pipes, resulting in an annualized inappropriate shock rate of 6.9%.
Pacing capture thresholds remained stable across time (5.1 ± 2.0 V at implant and 5.5 ± 2.7 V at 3 years); similarly, R-wave amplitudes were stable across time (3.4 ±2.0 mV at implant and 4.2 ± 2.7 mV at 3 years). Pacing thresholds tended to be lowest with the patient lying on the right side and pacing threshold often increased relative to supine position for left-side, prone or bending postures. R-wave amplitude tended to be greater when bending forward.
There were 10 system or procedure-related adverse events in 8 patients through 3 years, including 3 elective system removals for: a single inappropriate shock (1), chronic defibrillation testing showing no safety margin in a patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (1), intolerance to ATP (1 - high pacing threshold and frequent VT). Other than the lead tip displacement within the first 3 months, no additional clinically significant lead displacements have been observed through 3 years.
Conclusion
The EV ICD is a novel platform for delivering high-voltage therapy. There were no procedure and system related complications observed after the first year post-implant. Lead position and chronic system performance have generally remained stable through 3 years with a low rate of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Crozier
- Christchurch Hospital, cardiology, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - H Haqqani
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E Kotschet
- Monash Medical Center, Department of Cardiac Rhythm Services, Clayton, Australia
| | - D Shaw
- Christchurch Hospital, cardiology, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - A Prabhu
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Roubos
- Austin Health, Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - J Alison
- Monash Medical Center, Department of Cardiac Rhythm Services, Clayton, Australia
| | - I Melton
- Christchurch Hospital, cardiology, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R Denman
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - T Lin
- Austin Health, Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - A Almeida
- Monash Medical Center, Department of Cardiac Rhythm Services, Clayton, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - J Lande
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - S Liang
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - D O’donnell
- Austin Health, Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg, Australia
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Connor C, De Valliere N, Warwick J, Stewart-Brown S, Thompson A. The COV-ED Survey: exploring the impact of learning and teaching from home on parent/carers' and teachers' mental health and wellbeing during COVID-19 lockdown. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:889. [PMID: 35509002 PMCID: PMC9066392 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following the emergence of COVID-19 in the UK, on March 18th 2020 the majority of schools in England closed and families and teachers were tasked with providing educational support for children and adolescents within the home environment. Little is known, however, regarding the impact of remote teaching and learning on the mental wellbeing of parents/carers and teaching staff. METHODS The Coronavirus Education (COV-ED) online survey explored the practicalities of learning and teaching from home for 329 parents/carers and 117 teachers of 11-15 year old adolescents in England, during June/July 2020, and the associated impact on their mental wellbeing. Participants were recruited through schools and via University of Warwick social media channels. Data was analysed using a series of Multiple Linear and Multivariate Regressions. RESULTS Despite coping well with the challenges of remote learning, a third of teachers reported below average mental wellbeing on the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale. Multivariate regression revealed that wellbeing was associated with access to resources and confidence to teach from home. Almost half of parents/carers surveyed reported below average wellbeing. Multivariate regression revealed that poor wellbeing was more common in those who were also working from home and who lacked support for their own mental health. Concerns about their child's mental health and lack of access to electronic devices and workspace were also significantly associated with the mental wellbeing of parents/carers. CONCLUSIONS Whilst young people's mental health and wellbeing has, and continues to be a national priority, the mental health and wellbeing of the families and teachers supporting them has not previously been explored. Our survey population was of predominantly white British heritage, female and living in the West Midlands UK, therefore, findings should be treated with caution. Findings provide a snapshot of factors that may be of significance to families and schools in supporting the mental wellbeing of those tasked with learning from home. They will help i) increase knowledge and awareness with regard to future support of families and teachers during similar crises; ii) enable the design and development of practical solutions in the delivery of remote teaching and learning; and, iii) help address the mental wellbeing needs of those tasked with supporting adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Connor
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, England.
| | - N De Valliere
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, England
| | - J Warwick
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, England
| | - S Stewart-Brown
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, England
| | - A Thompson
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, England
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Nikou P, Nisbet A, Thompson A, Gulliford S, McClelland J. PO-1492 Characterising anatomical changes of head and neck cancer patients during radiotherapy treatment. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Miller GD, Maxwell JD, Thompson A, Cable NT, Low DA, George KP, Jones H. The effects of exercise training in the cold on cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular function in young healthy individuals. Auton Neurosci 2022; 238:102945. [PMID: 35176639 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2022.102945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exercise elicits acute increases in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) and provokes long-term beneficial effects on CBFv, thereby reducing cerebrovascular risk. Acute exposure to a cold stimulus also increases CBFv. We compared the impact of exercise training in cold and thermoneutral environments on CFBv, cerebrovascular function and peripheral endothelial function. Twenty-one (16 males, 22 ± 5 years) individuals were randomly allocated to either a cold (5 °C) or thermoneutral (15 °C) exercise intervention. Exercise consisted of 50-min cycling at 70% heart rate max, three times per week for eight weeks. Transcranial Doppler was used to determine pre and post intervention CBFv, dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVRCO2). Conduit endothelial function, microvascular function and cardiorespiratory fitness were also assessed. Cardiorespiratory fitness improved (2.91 ml.min.kg-1, 95%CI 0.49, 5.3; P = 0.02), regardless of exercise setting. Neither intervention had an impact on CBFv, CVRCO2, FMD or microvascular function (P > 0.05). There was a significant interaction between time and condition for dCA normalised gain with evidence of a decrease by 0.192%cm.s-1.%mmHg-1 (95%CI -0.318, -0.065) following training in the cold and increase (0.129%cm.s-1.%mmHg-1, 95%CI 0.011, 0.248) following training in the thermoneutral environment (P = 0.001). This was also evident for dCA phase with evidence of an increase by 0.072 rad (95%CI -0.007, 0.152) following training in the cold and decrease by 0.065 (95%CI -0.144, 0.014) radians following training in the thermoneutral environment (P = 0.02). Both training interventions improved fitness but CBFv, CVRCO2 and peripheral endothelial function were unaltered. Exercise training in the cold improved dCA whereas thermoneutral negated dCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Miller
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - J D Maxwell
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - N T Cable
- The Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - D A Low
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - K P George
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - H Jones
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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Thompson A, Kantar M, Rainey K. Designing Experiments for Physiological Phenomics. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2539:159-170. [PMID: 35895203 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2537-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phenomics has emerged as the technology of choice for understanding quantitative genetic variation in plant physiology and plant breeding. Phenomics has allowed for unmatched precision in exploring plant life cycles and physiological patterns. As new technologies are developed, it is still vital to follow best practices for designing and planning to be able to fully exploit any experimental results. Here we describe the basic - but sometimes overlooked - considerations of a phenomics experiment to help you maximize the value from the data collected: choosing population and location, accounting for sources of variation, establishing a timeline, and leveraging ground-truth measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Michael Kantar
- Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Katy Rainey
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Parzen J, Almahariq M, Quinn T, Siddiqui Z, Thompson A, Guerrero T, Lee K, Stevens C, Grills I. Assessing the Benefit of Higher Biologically Effective Dose in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Jones D, Park N, Thompson A. M101 JOINT PAIN: A RARE SYMPTOM IN PATIENTS WITH HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA WITH NORMAL C1-INH. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Smith A, Thompson A, Stanier P, Rooker J, Lowdon I. 1700 Using Intra-Operative Imaging as A Tool to Provide Peer Review, Scoring, Feedback and Education for Hand and Wrist Trauma Cases - A Quality Improvement Project. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To improve the efficiency of intraoperative hand trauma x-ray review, introduce a scoring system for quality of fixation achieved and use this as an education and feedback tool for trainees.
Method
A large QI project in 2019 demonstrated that intra-operative images taken using the mini C-arm were not being reviewed. In March 2020 the first QI cycle introduced an Access database to ensure that as cases were removed from the trauma board, they were added to a review list. Each x-ray was also scored in the trauma meeting (good, acceptable, poor) to assess the radiographic quality of fixation. The second QI cycle identified the named surgeon for each case, allowing surgeon specific feedback. Finally, we trained all qualified users of the mini C-arm to upload their own images after each case, reducing the mean time to upload.
Results
This QI project has improved the review rate of mini C-arm images from 30% to 100% and every x-ray is scored. The mean time to review images has reduced from 4 days to less than 24 hours. All trainees can access their scores for imaged hand and wrist trauma and receive written constructive feedback.
Conclusions
This project ensures appropriate and prompt review of all hand and wrist trauma cases allowing early identification of any concerns. All x-rays are scored, and this process acts as an educational prompt in the trauma meeting. A final report can be printed for each trainee which can be uploaded to their portfolio to document their surgical progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Smith
- Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom
| | - A Thompson
- Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom
| | - P Stanier
- Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom
| | - J Rooker
- Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom
| | - I Lowdon
- Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom
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Schmid P, Gomez-Pardo P, Wheatley D, Roy P, Krabisch P, Thill M, Ledwidge S, Thompson A, Macaskill E, Viehstädt N, Purushotham A, Gluz O, Stefek A, Ackerman C, Prendergast A, Mousa K, Jones L, Viale G, Cortés J, Kümmel S. 208P ARB: Phase II window of opportunity study of preoperative treatment with enzalutamide in ER+ve and TNBC. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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35
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Song GQ, Han X, Ryner JT, Thompson A, Wang K. Utilizing MIKC-type MADS-box protein SOC1 for yield potential enhancement in maize. Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:1679-1693. [PMID: 34091722 PMCID: PMC8376726 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of Zea mays SOC gene promotes flowering, reduces plant height, and leads to no reduction in grain production per plant, suggesting enhanced yield potential, at least, through increasing planting density. MIKC-type MADS-box gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) is an integrator conserved in the plant flowering pathway. In this study, the maize SOC1 (ZmSOC1) gene was cloned and overexpressed in transgenic maize Hi-II genotype. The T0 plants were backcrossed with nontransgenic inbred B73 to produce first generation backcross (BC1) seeds. Phenotyping of both transgenic and null segregant (NT) BC1 plants was conducted in three independent experiments. The BC1 transgenic plants showed new attributes such as increased vegetative growth, accelerated flowering time, reduced overall plant height, and increased grain weight. Second generation backcross (BC2) plants were evaluated in the field using two planting densities. Compared to BC2 NT plants, BC2 transgenic plants, were 12-18% shorter, flowered 5 days earlier, and showed no reduction in grain production per plant and an increase in fat, starch, and simple sugars in the grain. Transcriptome comparison in young leaves of 56-day-old BC1 plants revealed that the overexpressed ZmSOC1 resulted in 107 differentially expressed genes. The upregulated transcription factor DNA BINDING WITH ONE FINGER 5.4 (DOF5.4) was among the genes responsible for the reduced plant height. Modulating expression of SOC1 opens a new and effective approach to promote flowering and reduce plant height, which may have potential to enhance crop yield and improve grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Song
- Department of Horticulture, Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Horticulture, Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - John T Ryner
- Department of Horticulture, Plant Biotechnology Resource and Outreach Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Agronomy, Crop Bioengineering Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1051, USA
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Bertolini M, Vazquez Munoz R, Archambault L, Shah S, Souza JGS, Costa RC, Thompson A, Zhou Y, Sobue T, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Mucosal Bacteria Modulate Candida albicans Virulence in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis. mBio 2021; 12:e0193721. [PMID: 34399623 PMCID: PMC8406182 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01937-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is the most prevalent oral infection in immunocompromised patients, primarily associated with Candida albicans. Increasing evidence points to a significant role of mucosal bacteria on the transition of C. albicans from commensal to pathogenic. In this work, we hypothesized that changes in the abundance or composition of the mucosal bacterial microbiota induced by dietary sucrose during the development of OPC can modulate C. albicans virulence. C. albicans burdens and mucosal lesions were evaluated in a mouse cortisone immunosuppression model amended with sucrose. We also analyzed the mucosal bacterial composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and culture methods. In immunocompetent mice, sucrose significantly increased total bacterial burdens and reduced alpha diversity, by increasing the relative abundance of mitis group streptococci. In immunocompromised mice, C. albicans infection was associated with a significantly reduced bacterial alpha diversity due to an increase in the relative abundance of enterococci. When exposed to dietary sucrose, these mice had reduced C. albicans burdens and reduced bacterial alpha diversity, associated with an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. SparCC correlation networks showed a significant negative correlation between Lactobacillus and Enterococcus in all Candida-infected mice. Depletion of lactobacilli with antibiotic treatment partially restored C. albicans burdens in mice receiving sucrose. In coculture in vitro experiments, mouse oral Lactobacillus johnsonii isolates inhibited growth of Enterococcus faecalis isolates and C. albicans. These results support the hypothesis that the sucrose-induced attenuation of C. albicans virulence was a result of changes in the mucosal bacterial microbiome characterized by a reduction in enterococci and an increase in lactobacilli. IMPORTANCE By comparing Candida albicans virulence and the mucosal bacterial composition in a mouse oral infection model, we were able to dissect the effects of the host environment (immunosuppression), infection with C. albicans, and local modulating factors (availability of sucrose as a carbon source) on the mucosal bacterial microbiome and its role on fungal virulence. We showed that changes in endogenous microbial communities in response to sucrose can lead to attenuation of fungal disease. We also showed that Lactobacillus johnsonii may curtail Candida virulence both by inhibiting its growth and by inhibiting the growth of potentially synergistic bacteria such as enterococci. Our results support the concept that Candida pathogenesis should be viewed in the contexts of both a susceptible host and a mucosal bacterial microbiota conducive to virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - R. Vazquez Munoz
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - L. Archambault
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - S. Shah
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - J. G. S. Souza
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
- Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas [FCO]), Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - R. C. Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - A. Thompson
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Y. Zhou
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - T. Sobue
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - A. Dongari-Bagtzoglou
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Jerusalem G, Farah S, Courtois A, Chirgwin J, Aebi S, Karlsson P, Neven P, Hitre E, Graas MP, Simoncini E, Abdi E, Kamby C, Thompson A, Loibl S, Gavilá J, Kuroi K, Marth C, Müller B, O'Reilly S, Gombos A, Ruhstaller T, Burstein HJ, Rabaglio M, Ruepp B, Ribi K, Viale G, Gelber RD, Coates AS, Loi S, Goldhirsch A, Regan MM, Colleoni M. Continuous versus intermittent extended adjuvant letrozole for breast cancer: final results of randomized phase III SOLE (Study of Letrozole Extension) and SOLE Estrogen Substudy. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1256-1266. [PMID: 34384882 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late recurrences in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancers remain an important challenge. Avoidance or delayed development of resistance represents the main objective in extended endocrine therapy (ET). In animal models, resistance was reversed with restoration of circulating estrogen levels during interruption of letrozole treatment. This phase III, randomized, open-label Study of Letrozole Extension (SOLE) studied the effect of extended intermittent letrozole treatment in comparison with continuous letrozole. In parallel, the SOLE estrogen substudy (SOLE-EST) analyzed the levels of estrogen during the interruption of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS SOLE enrolled 4884 postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, lymph node-positive, operable breast cancer between December 2007 and October 2012 and among them, 104 patients were enrolled in SOLE-EST. They must have undergone local treatment and have completed 4-6 years of adjuvant ET. Patients were randomized between continuous letrozole (2.5 mg/day orally for 5 years) and intermittent letrozole treatment (2.5 mg/day for 9 months followed by a 3-month interruption in years 1-4 and then 2.5 mg/day during all of year 5). RESULTS Intention-to-treat population included 4851 women in SOLE (n = 2425 in the intermittent and n = 2426 in the continuous letrozole groups) and 103 women in SOLE-EST (n = 78 in the intermittent and n = 25 in the continuous letrozole groups). After a median follow-up of 84 months, 7-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 81.4% in the intermittent group and 81.5% in the continuous group (hazard ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.91-1.17). Reported adverse events were similar in both groups. Circulating estrogen recovery was demonstrated within 6 weeks after the stop of letrozole treatment. CONCLUSIONS Extended adjuvant ET by intermittent administration of letrozole did not improve DFS compared with continuous use, despite the recovery of circulating estrogen levels. The similar DFS coupled with previously reported quality-of-life advantages suggest intermittent extended treatment is a valid option for patients who require or prefer a treatment interruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jerusalem
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; Medical Oncology Department, CHU Liège, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
| | - S Farah
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center, Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - A Courtois
- Medical Oncology Department, CHU Liège, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - J Chirgwin
- Breast Cancer Trials-Australia and New Zealand, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia; Box Hill and Maroondah Hospitals, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - S Aebi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Neven
- Gynecologic Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals UZ-Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Hitre
- Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Pharmacology "B", National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - E Simoncini
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Abdi
- The Tweed Hospital, Griffith University Gold Coast, Tweed Heads, Australia
| | - C Kamby
- Danish Breast Cancer Group and Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Thompson
- Scottish Cancer Trials Breast Group and Division of Surgical Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - S Loibl
- German Breast Group Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - J Gavilá
- SOLTI Group and Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - K Kuroi
- Japan Breast Cancer Research Group and Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Marth
- Austrian Breast & Colorectal Cancer Study Group and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Müller
- Chilean Cooperative Group for Oncologic Research (GOCCHI), Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - S O'Reilly
- Cancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Gombos
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Ruhstaller
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research SAKK, Bern, Switzerland; Breast Center St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H J Burstein
- Medical Oncology Department, CHU Liège, Liège University, Liège, Belgium; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - M Rabaglio
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research SAKK, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Ruepp
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Ribi
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Viale
- Department of Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R D Gelber
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center, Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA; Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Frontier Science Foundation, Boston, USA
| | - A S Coates
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Loi
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Goldhirsch
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - M M Regan
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center, Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - M Colleoni
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Bern, Switzerland; Division of Medical Senology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Rogers AR, Dunne JC, Romay C, Bohn M, Buckler ES, Ciampitti IA, Edwards J, Ertl D, Flint-Garcia S, Gore MA, Graham C, Hirsch CN, Hood E, Hooker DC, Knoll J, Lee EC, Lorenz A, Lynch JP, McKay J, Moose SP, Murray SC, Nelson R, Rocheford T, Schnable JC, Schnable PS, Sekhon R, Singh M, Smith M, Springer N, Thelen K, Thomison P, Thompson A, Tuinstra M, Wallace J, Wisser RJ, Xu W, Gilmour AR, Kaeppler SM, De Leon N, Holland JB. The importance of dominance and genotype-by-environment interactions on grain yield variation in a large-scale public cooperative maize experiment. G3 (Bethesda) 2021; 11:6062399. [PMID: 33585867 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
High-dimensional and high-throughput genomic, field performance, and environmental data are becoming increasingly available to crop breeding programs, and their integration can facilitate genomic prediction within and across environments and provide insights into the genetic architecture of complex traits and the nature of genotype-by-environment interactions. To partition trait variation into additive and dominance (main effect) genetic and corresponding genetic-by-environment variances, and to identify specific environmental factors that influence genotype-by-environment interactions, we curated and analyzed genotypic and phenotypic data on 1918 maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids and environmental data from 65 testing environments. For grain yield, dominance variance was similar in magnitude to additive variance, and genetic-by-environment variances were more important than genetic main effect variances. Models involving both additive and dominance relationships best fit the data and modeling unique genetic covariances among all environments provided the best characterization of the genotype-by-environment interaction patterns. Similarity of relative hybrid performance among environments was modeled as a function of underlying weather variables, permitting identification of weather covariates driving correlations of genetic effects across environments. The resulting models can be used for genomic prediction of mean hybrid performance across populations of environments tested or for environment-specific predictions. These results can also guide efforts to incorporate high-throughput environmental data into genomic prediction models and predict values in new environments characterized with the same environmental characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Rogers
- Program in Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Dunne
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Cinta Romay
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Martin Bohn
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Edward S Buckler
- Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.,USDA-ARS Plant, Soil, and Nutrition Research Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Jode Edwards
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - David Ertl
- Iowa Corn Promotion Board, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Sherry Flint-Garcia
- USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michael A Gore
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Christopher Graham
- Plant Science Department, West River Agricultural Center, South Dakota State University, Rapid City, SD 57769, USA
| | - Candice N Hirsch
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hood
- College of Agriculture, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
| | - David C Hooker
- Department of Plant Agriculture, Ridgetown Campus, University of Guelph, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0, Canada
| | - Joseph Knoll
- USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Lee
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Aaron Lorenz
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Jonathan P Lynch
- Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - John McKay
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Stephen P Moose
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Seth C Murray
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rebecca Nelson
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Torbert Rocheford
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - James C Schnable
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Patrick S Schnable
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,Plant Sciences Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rajandeep Sekhon
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Maninder Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Margaret Smith
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Nathan Springer
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Kurt Thelen
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Peter Thomison
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Addie Thompson
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Mitch Tuinstra
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jason Wallace
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens GA 30602, USA
| | - Randall J Wisser
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Wenwei Xu
- Texas A& M AgriLife Research, Texas A& M University, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA
| | | | - Shawn M Kaeppler
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Natalia De Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - James B Holland
- Program in Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.,Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.,USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620, USA
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Burkhardt E, Berger M, Yolken RH, Lin A, Yuen HP, Wood SJ, Francey SM, Thompson A, McGorry PD, Nelson B, Yung AR, Amminger GP. Toxoplasma gondii, Herpesviridae and long-term risk of transition to first-episode psychosis in an ultra high-risk sample. Schizophr Res 2021; 233:24-30. [PMID: 34225023 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra high-risk (UHR) criteria were introduced to identify people at imminent risk of developing psychosis. To improve prognostic accuracy, additional clinical and biological risk factors have been researched. Associations between psychotic disorders and infections with Toxoplasma gondii and Herpesviridae have been found. It is unknown if exposure to those pathogens increases the risk of transition to psychosis in UHR cohorts. METHODS We conducted a long-term follow-up of 96 people meeting UHR criteria, previously seen at the Personal Assessment and Crisis Evaluation (PACE) clinic, a specialized service in Melbourne, Australia. Transition to psychosis was assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of the At-Risk Mental State (CAARMS) and state public mental health records. The relationship between IgG antibodies to Herpesviridae (HSV-1, HSV-2, CMV, EBV, VZV) and Toxoplasma gondii and risk for transition was examined with Cox regression models. RESULTS Mean follow-up duration was 6.46 (±3.65) years. Participants who transitioned to psychosis (n = 14) had significantly higher antibody titers for Toxoplasma gondii compared to those who did not develop psychosis (p = 0.03). After adjusting for age, gender and year of baseline assessment, seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii was associated with a 3.6-fold increase in transition hazard in multivariate Cox regression models (HR = 3.6; p = 0.036). No significant association was found between serostatus for Herpesviridae and risk of transition. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii may contribute to the manifestation of positive psychotic symptoms and increase the risk of transitioning to psychosis in UHR individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Burkhardt
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - M Berger
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R H Yolken
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Baltimore, USA
| | - A Lin
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - H P Yuen
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S J Wood
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S M Francey
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK
| | - P D McGorry
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Nelson
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A R Yung
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - G P Amminger
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Pachchigar R, Blackwell N, Webb L, Francis K, Pahor K, Thompson A, Cornmell G, Anstey C, Ziegenfuss M, Shekar K. Development and implementation of a clinical information system-based protocol to improve nurse satisfaction of end-of-life care in a single intensive care unit. Aust Crit Care 2021; 35:273-278. [PMID: 34148763 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients treated in Australian intensive care units (ICUs) have an overall mortality rate of 5.05%. This is due to the critical nature of their disease, the increasing proportion of patients with multiple comorbidities, and advanced age. This has made treating patients during the end of life an integral part of intensive care practice and requires a high quality of care. With the increased use of electronic clinical information systems, a standardised protocol encompassing end-of-life care may provide an efficient method for documentation, communication, and timely delivery of comfort care. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine if an electronic clinical information system-based end-of-life care protocol improved nurses' satisfaction with the practice of end-of-life care for patients in the ICU. DESIGN This is a prospective single-centre observational study. SETTING The study was carried out at a 20-bed cardiothoracic and general ICU between 2015 and 2017. PARTICIPANTS The study participants were ICU nurses. INTERVENTION Electronic clinical information-based end-of-life care protocol was used in the study. OUTCOME The primary outcome was nurse satisfaction obtained by a survey. RESULTS The number of respondents for the before survey and after survey was 58 (29%) and 64 (32%), respectively. There was a significant difference between the before survey and the after survey with regard to feeling comfortable in transitioning from curative treatment (median = 2 [interquartile range {IQR} = 2, 3] vs 3 [IQR = 2, 3], p = 0.03), feeling involved in the decision to move from curative treatment to end-of-life care (median = 2 [IQR = 2, 2] vs 2 [IQR 2, 3], p = 0.049), and feeling religious beliefs/rituals should be respected during the end-of-life process (median = 4 [IQR = 3, 4] vs. 4 [IQR = 4, 4], p = 0.02). There were some practices that had a low satisfaction rate on both the before survey and after survey. However, a high proportion of nurses were satisfied with many of the end-of-life care practices. CONCLUSION The nurses were highly satisfied with many aspects of end-of-life care practices in this unit. The use of an electronic clinical information system-based protocol improved nurse satisfaction and perception of quality of end-of-life care practices for three survey questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pachchigar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - N Blackwell
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L Webb
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - K Francis
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - K Pahor
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - G Cornmell
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - C Anstey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Medicine, Griffith University, Sunshine Coast Campus, Birtinya, Australia
| | - M Ziegenfuss
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Shekar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Castro M, Butler M, Thompson A, Gee S, Posporelis S. Management of acute disturbance: The intravenous route. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9476064 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The intravenous (IV) is one of the main parenteral routes for drug administration. Rapid onset of action, precise titration, patient-specific dosing and bypass of liver metabolism are a few of its advantages, while hypersensitivity reactions, adverse effects, infection risk and a higher overall cost some of its most debated downsides. Unlike other areas of Medicine, IV has been significantly under-utilized in Psychiatry. Objectives This systematic review analyzed the evidence for effectiveness and safety behind the use of IV medication used for the management of acute disturbance. Methods APA PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were searched for eligible studies. Studies were included if they used IV medication to treat acute disturbance, in English language, had participants aged >18. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality checklist. Results 17 studies were deemed eligible. Data analysis was limited to narrative synthesis since primary outcome measures varied significantly between each study. Findings showed strong evidence for efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine, droperidol, midazolam, and olanzapine. These medications displayed a short time to sedation, reduction in agitation levels, or large percentage of patients adequately sedated with a low number of adverse events. Results did not provide enough evidence for the use of IV ketamine, haloperidol, diazepam, lorazepam, and promethazine. Conclusions This review supports dexmedetomidine, droperidol, midazolam, and olanzapine as safe and efficacious options for managing acute disturbance via the intravenous route, particularly in special clinical settings where trained staff, optimal monitoring, resuscitation equipment and ventilators are all at hand.
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Tambakis G, Lee T, Shah R, Wright E, Connell W, Miller A, Demediuk B, Ryan M, Howell J, Tsoi E, Lust M, Basnayake C, Ding N, Croagh C, Hong T, Kamm M, Farrell A, Papaluca T, MacIsaac M, Iser D, Mahady S, Holt B, Thompson A, Holmes J. Low failure to attend rates and increased clinic capacity with Telehealth: A highly effective outpatient model that should continue beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:1136-1137. [PMID: 33338284 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Tambakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Shah
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Wright
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - W Connell
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Miller
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Demediuk
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Ryan
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Howell
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Tsoi
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Lust
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C Basnayake
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - C Croagh
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Kamm
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Farrell
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T Papaluca
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M MacIsaac
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Iser
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Mahady
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - B Holt
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Holmes
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Pankhania M, Rees J, Thompson A, Richards S. Tonsillitis, tonsillectomy, and deep neck space infections in England: the case for a new guideline for surgical and non-surgical management. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:208-217. [PMID: 33645267 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.7030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure performed chiefly for recurrent tonsillitis. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidance Network (SIGN) introduced guidelines in 1998 to improve patient selection for tonsillectomy and reduce the potential harm to patients from surgical complications such as haemorrhage. Since the introduction of the guidance, the number of admissions for tonsillitis and its complications has increased. National Hospital Episode Statistics over a 20-year period were analysed to assess the trends in tonsillectomy, post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage, tonsillitis and its complications with reference to the guidance, procedures of limited clinical value and the associated costs and benefits. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted via PubMed and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant research. Hospital Episode Statistics data were interrogated and relevant data compared over time to assess trends related to the implementation of national guidance. RESULTS Over the period analysed, the incidence of deep neck space infections has increased almost five-fold, mediastinitis ten-fold and peritonsillar abscess by 1.7-fold compared with prior to SIGN guidance. Following procedures of limited clinical value implementation, the incidence of deep neck space infections has increased 2.4-fold, mediastinitis 4.1-fold and peritonsillar abscess 1.4-fold compared with immediately prior to clinical commissioning group rationing. The rate of tonsillectomy and associated haemorrhage (1-2%) has remained relatively constant at 46,299 (1999) compared with 49,447 (2009) and 49,141 (2016), despite an increase in the population of England by seven million over the 20-year period. DISCUSSION The rise in admissions for tonsillitis and its complications appears to correspond closely to the date of SIGN guidance and clinical commissioning group rationing of tonsillectomy and is on the background of a rise in the population of the UK. The move towards daycase tonsillectomy has reduced bed occupancy after surgery but this has been counteracted by an increase in admissions for tonsillitis and deep neck space infections, sometimes requiring lengthy intensive care stays and a protracted course of rehabilitation. The total cost of treating the complications of tonsillitis in England in 2017 is estimated to be around £73 million. The cost of tonsillectomy and treating post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage is £56 million by comparison. The total cost per annum for tonsillectomy prior to the introduction of SIGN guidance was estimated at £71 million with tonsillitis and its complications accounting for a further £8 million.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pankhania
- The Rotherham Foundation Trust, Moorgate Road, Rotherham
| | - J Rees
- The Rotherham Foundation Trust, Moorgate Road, Rotherham
| | - A Thompson
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Glossop Road, Sheffield
| | - S Richards
- The Rotherham Foundation Trust, Moorgate Road, Rotherham
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Kurosu A, Osman F, Daggett S, Peña-Chávez R, Thompson A, Myers SM, VanKampen P, Koenig SS, Ciucci M, Mahoney J, Rogus-Pulia N. Factors Associated with Self-Reported Dysphagia in Older Adults Receiving Meal Support. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:1145-1153. [PMID: 34866141 PMCID: PMC8653989 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dysphagia is common in older adults. However, there are no current estimates of dysphagia in community-dwelling older adults those receiving meal support. It is unknown whether dysphagia is associated with other measures of physical function (activities of daily living [ADL] ability or nutrition status). The study purposes were to determine the prevalence of self-reported dysphagia and to identify factors associated with self-reported dysphagia in community-dwelling older adults receiving meal support. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 476 community-dwelling older adults (78.5±0.51 years) across five Elder Nutrition Program meal services in Wisconsin participated in the study. MEASUREMENTS Data were collected through administration of validated ADL and nutrition questionnaires (nutritional status, functional status with ADLs, chewing ability, dental conditions, and prior diagnoses of dysphagia, pneumonia, and dementia). For self-reported dysphagia, the validated 10-item eating assessment tool (EAT-10) was used. RESULTS The prevalence of self-reported dysphagia (EAT-10 score of ≥ 3) was 20.4%. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that poor nutritional status (OR=3.1, p=0.04), difficulty chewing (OR=2.2, p=0.03), prior dysphagia diagnosis (OR=34.8, p<0.001), prior pneumonia diagnosis (OR=2.1, p=0.04), and meal service site (OR=2.68, p=0.02) were associated with self-reported dysphagia. CONCLUSION Approximately one in five community-dwelling older adults receiving meal support had self-reported dysphagia. Increased risk for poor nutrition, reduced chewing ability, prior dysphagia and pneumonia diagnosis, and meal service site were identified as factors associated with dysphagia on the EAT-10. Results highlight the need for further studies across more sites to identify dysphagia risk indicators in community-dwelling older adults receiving meal support state-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kurosu
- Nicole Rogus-Pulia, Division of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA,
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Pollaers K, Thompson A, Kuthubutheen J. Cochlear nerve anomalies in paediatric single-sided deafness - prevalence and implications for cochlear implantation strategies. J Laryngol Otol 2020; 134:1-4. [PMID: 33280620 DOI: 10.1017/s002221512000225x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of cochlear nerve anomalies on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with unilateral or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS A retrospective case series was conducted at a tertiary referral centre. The inclusion criteria were paediatric patients with bilateral or unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, investigated with magnetic resonance imaging. The primary outcome measure was the rate of cochlear nerve hypoplasia or aplasia. RESULTS Of the 72 patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, 39 per cent (28 cases) had absent or hypoplastic cochlear nerves on the affected side. Fifteen per cent (11 cases) had other abnormal findings on magnetic resonance imaging. Eighty-four patients had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, of which cochlear nerve hypoplasia or aplasia was identified only in 5 per cent (four cases). Other abnormal findings were identified in 14 per cent (12 cases). CONCLUSION Paediatric patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss are more likely to have cochlear nerve anomalies than those patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. This has important implications regarding cochlear implantation for patients with single-sided deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pollaers
- Department of ENT, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Medical Imaging, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - J Kuthubutheen
- Department of ENT, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Turner RM, de Koning EM, Fontana V, Thompson A, Pirmohamed M. Multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and drug-drug-gene interactions following a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome: analysis of a multicentre observational study. BMC Med 2020; 18:367. [PMID: 33234119 PMCID: PMC7687685 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients living with co-existing diseases is growing. This study aimed to assess the extent of multimorbidity, medication use, and drug- and gene-based interactions in patients following a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). METHODS In 1456 patients discharged from hospital for a NSTE-ACS, comorbidities and multimorbidity (≥ 2 chronic conditions) were assessed. Of these, 698 had complete drug use recorded at discharge, and 652 (the 'interaction' cohort) had drug use and actionable genotypes available for CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A5, DPYD, F5, SLCO1B1, TPMT, UGT1A1, and VKORC1. The following drug interactions were investigated: pharmacokinetic drug-drug (DDIs) involving CYPs (CYPs above, plus CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP3A4), SLCO1B1, and P-glycoprotein; drug-gene (DGIs); drug-drug-gene (DDGIs); and drug-gene-gene (DGGIs). Interactions predicted to be 'substantial' were defined as follows: DDIs due to strong inhibitors/inducers, DGIs due to variant homozygous/compound heterozygous genotypes, and DDGIs/DGGIs where the constituent DDI/DGI(s) both influenced the victim drug in the same direction. RESULTS In the whole cohort, 727 (49.9%) patients had multimorbidity. Non-linear relationships between age and increasing comorbidities and decreasing coronary intervention were observed. There were 98.1% and 39.8% patients on ≥ 5 and ≥ 10 drugs, respectively (from n = 698); women received more non-cardiovascular drugs than men (median (IQR) 3 (1-5) vs 2 (1-4), p = 0.014). Overall, 98.7% patients had at least one actionable genotype. Within the interaction cohort, 882 interactions were identified in 503 patients (77.1%), of which 346 in 252 patients (38.7%) were substantial: 59.2%, 11.6%, 26.3%, and 2.9% substantial interactions were DDIs, DGIs, DDGIs, and DGGIs, respectively. CYP2C19 (49.5% of all interactions) and SLCO1B1 (18.4%) were involved in the largest number of interactions. Multimorbidity (p = 0.019) and number of drugs (p = 9.8 × 10-10) were both associated with patients having ≥ 1 substantial interaction. Multimorbidity (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.10-2.82, p = 0.019), number of drugs (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04-1.16, p = 1.2 × 10-3), and age (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07, p = 8.9 × 10-7), but not drug interactions, were associated with increased subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS Multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and drug interactions are common after a NSTE-ACS. Replication of results is required; however, the high prevalence of DDGIs suggests integrating co-medications with genetic data will improve medicines optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Turner
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.
| | - E M de Koning
- Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - V Fontana
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - A Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
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Hancock S, Inglis L, Laurence M, Miller D, Thompson A. Facial action units, activity and time spent with dam are effective measures of pain in response to mulesing of Merino lambs. Aust Vet J 2020; 99:61-65. [PMID: 33145759 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Repeatable measures of pain in ruminants following husbandry procedures are required to validate responses to pain relief. This study tested the hypotheses that facial action units, activity and time spent with dam can be used to assess the efficacy of pain relief in lambs following mulesing. Merino lambs (n = 120) were allocated to one of six treatments implemented at mulesing: (1) lambs that were not mulesed or lambs that were mulesed and administered (2) no pain relief, (3) meloxicam 15 min before mulesing, (4) Tri-Solfen®, (5) a combination of meloxicam 15 min before mulesing and Tri-Solfen after mulesing and (6) meloxicam at mulesing. Facial action units detected a difference in pain between mulesed and non-mulesed lambs at 1 and 5 h post-mulesing (P = 0.005 and <0.001) but not at 26 h post-mulesing. Lambs that were not mulesed were more active and spent more time with their dams than mulesed lambs (P < 0.001). No differences were observed between lambs that were mulesed with or without pain relief. Therefore, facial action units, activity of the lamb and time spent with dam can detect pain in response to mulesing in Merino lambs but cannot detect any changes associated with pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hancock
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Agricultural Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - L Inglis
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Agricultural Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - M Laurence
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Veterinary College, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - D Miller
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Agricultural Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Agricultural Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
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Kotschet E, Crozier I, Haqqani H, Alison J, Thompson A, Sherfesee L, O'Donnell D. Patient comfort factors associated with the chronically implanted extravascular ICD (EV ICD): retrospective analysis of the first-in-human EV ICD trial. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The extravascular ICD (EV ICD) utilizes a lead positioned within the substernal space and a device placed along the left midaxillary line to provide pacing and defibrillation therapies. Since substernal implantation positions the lead close to the heart, a lower energy for defibrillation is needed for the EV ICD relative to an ICD with subcutaneous lead placement. With lower energy requirements, the EV ICD system requires only a 33 cubic centimeter (cc) device, whereas the commercially available subcutaneous ICD utilizes a ∼60 cc device. The smaller form factor for EV ICD may require a smaller device incision site with smaller pocket, potentially resulting in less post-operative pain. Figure 1 illustrates the comparative sizes of the EV ICD and a subcutaneous device. While issues related to patient comfort have been published for the subcutaneous ICD, patient comfort factors associated with the EV ICD system have not been described previously.
Purpose
To characterize post-operative factors related to patient comfort associated with the EV ICD system.
Methods
The EV ICD first-in-human study was conducted at four sites in Australia and New Zealand. Data from chronically implanted patients were retrospectively analyzed for changes in analgesics in the post-operative window between implant and the two-week follow-up. Adverse events were collected between implant and six months related to patient-reported pain/discomfort, need for system revision based on discomfort, impaired wound healing and seroma formation.
Results
In total, 21 patients underwent implantation of the EV ICD system. Three patients had initiated pain control medications prior to enrollment, including one patient with fractured ribs. Overall, 12 patients (57.1%) received no anesthetic or analgesic medications besides acetaminophen beyond the day of implant. For the remainder of patients, post-operative medications included fentanyl (1), discontinued after two days; morphine (4), discontinued the day of implant (1) or after ≤2 days (3); or oxycodone (10), discontinued after ≤1 day (7) or ≤1 week (3).
There were no intraprocedural complications. There were four non-serious, early-onset (≤1 week post-implant) adverse events identified, which included swelling (1), impaired healing at the xiphoid incision site (1), and two instances of inspiratory pain ≤1 day post-implant, all of which resolved without sequelae. There were no system revisions or removals associated with incision sites or pocket discomfort, and there were no reports of seroma formation through six months of follow-up.
Conclusions
Analysis of factors related to patient comfort indicate that the EV ICD system has generally been well tolerated across patients. A larger data set is needed to more fully characterize whether the smaller device size of the EV ICD relative to the subcutaneous defibrillator results in improved patient comfort.
Sizes of extravascular devices
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Medtronic plc
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kotschet
- Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Australia
| | - I Crozier
- Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - H Haqqani
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Alison
- Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - L Sherfesee
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - D O'Donnell
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Seymour Z, Hamstra D, Daignault-Newton S, Thompson A, Sanda M, Michalski J, Zietman A, Kuban D, Ciezki J, Kaplan I, Collins S, Suy S, Mantz C, Chang P, Chen R, Fuller D. External Validation of Early Quality of Life (QOL) Declines Correlated with Late QOL after Intensity Modulated, Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy, or Stereotactic Radiation for Prostate Cancer within a Prospective Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kotschet E, Crozier I, Haqqani H, Alison J, Thompson A, Portway B, Sawchuk R, Sherfesee L, Liang S, Lentz L, Degroot P, O'Donnell D. Chronic follow-up from the pilot study of a novel substernal extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The investigational Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (EV ICD) is an implantable defibrillator with defibrillation and pacing therapies, including the potential for antitachycardia pacing (ATP).
Purpose
To characterize chronic EV ICD system performance through 12 months of follow-up.
Methods
The first-in-human EV ICD Pilot study was prospectively conducted at four centers in Australia and New Zealand. Patients with Class I or IIa indications for ICD were enrolled between July and December of 2018. A defibrillation lead was inserted into the substernal space under radiologic guidance and a device was positioned close to the left midaxillary line. Figure 1 illustrates the implanted EV ICD. Defibrillation testing was conducted at implant and chronically in 5 patients. Follow-ups were conducted at pre-hospital discharge, 2 weeks, 4–6 weeks and 3 months post-implant, and every 6 months thereafter.
Results
A total of 26 patients were enrolled and 21 underwent the EV ICD implant procedure with no intraprocedural complications. Median energy for defibrillation at implant was 15 J; mean R-wave amplitude was 3.4±2.0 mV; mean pacing capture threshold was 5.1±2.0 volts. Seventeen of 21 implanted patients entered into chronic follow-up after successful system placement and implant testing, and 14 patients continue to be followed, representing >180 patient-months of total follow-up.
Multiple episodes of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) were detected in one patient and either self-terminated or successfully cardioverted following unsuccessful ATP. One patient received an inappropriate shock secondary to lead tip displacement with subsequent P-wave oversensing. Elective chronic defibrillation testing was performed at physician discretion and converted 5 of 5 patients with ≤40 J (maximum energy of device). Three patients had the system electively removed due to 1) inappropriate shock after lead displacement, 2) recurrent VT without ATP termination, and 3) inadequate chronic safety margin for defibrillation.
Conclusions
The EV ICD is a novel platform for delivering high voltage therapy. Chronic system performance has generally remained stable during 12 months of follow-up and the device has demonstrated the ability to detect and treat VT.
Fluoro images of implanted system
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Medtronic plc
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kotschet
- Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Australia
| | - I Crozier
- Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - H Haqqani
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Alison
- Monash Medical Center, Clayton, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - B Portway
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - R Sawchuk
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - L Sherfesee
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - S Liang
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - L Lentz
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - P Degroot
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - D O'Donnell
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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