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Lecis D, Prandi FR, Barone L, Belli M, Sergi D, Longo S, Muscoli S, Romeo F, Federici M, Lerakis S, Barillà F. Beyond the Cardiovascular Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Body Slimming and Plaque Stabilization. Are New Statins Born? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1695. [PMID: 38136567 PMCID: PMC10741698 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid and inflammatory cell deposits in the inner layer of large- and medium-sized elastic and muscular arteries. Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and the overall and cardiovascular mortality, and it is a pro-atherogenic factor that induces atherosclerosis development and/or accelerates its progression through a multifactorial process. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are a new class of drugs, belonging to the armamentarium to fight type 2 DM, that have shown robust reductions in atherosclerotic events and all-cause mortality in all studies. Preclinical studies have shown that GLP-1RAs play a role in the immunomodulation of atherosclerosis, affecting multiple pathways involved in plaque development and progression. In this review, we wanted to explore the translational power of such preclinical studies by analyzing the most recent clinical trials investigating the atheroprotective effect of GLP-1RAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalgisio Lecis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesca Romana Prandi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Martina Belli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Susanna Longo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Stamatios Lerakis
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (F.B.)
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Abstract
AIMS AND DATA SYNTHESIS Glucose variability (GV) is increasingly considered an additional index of glycemic control. Growing evidence indicates that GV is associated with diabetic vascular complications, thus being a relevant point to address in diabetes management. GV can be measured using various parameters, but to date, a gold standard has not been identified. This underscores the need for further studies in this field also to identify the optimal treatment. CONCLUSIONS We reviewed the definition of GV, the pathogenetic mechanisms of atherosclerosis, and its relationship with diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Belli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Barone L, Muscoli S, Belli M, Di Luozzo M, Sergi D, Marchei M, Prandi FR, Uccello G, Romeo F, Barillà F. Effect of acute CORticosteroids on conduction defects after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: the CORTAVI study. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:676-679. [PMID: 37409662 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Conduction abnormalities, requiring a permanent pacemaker (PPM), are the most common electrical complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The exact mechanism for conduction system defects is not yet clear. The local inflammatory process and edema are thought to play a role in the development of electrical disorders. Corticosteroids are effective anti-inflammatory and antiedematous agents. We aim to investigate the potential protective effect of corticosteroids on conduction defects after TAVI. METHODS This is a retrospective study of a single center. We analyzed 96 patients treated with TAVI. Thirty-two patients received oral prednisone 50 mg for 5 days after the procedure. This population was compared with the control group. All patients were followed up after 2 years. RESULTS Of the 96 patients included, 32 (34%) were exposed to glucocorticoids after TAVI. No differences in age, preexisting right bundle branch block or left bundle branch block, or valve type were seen among patients exposed to glucocorticoids versus those who were unexposed. We observed no significant differences between the two groups in the overall frequency of new PPM implantations during hospitalization (12% vs. 17%, P = 0.76). The incidence of atrioventricular block (AVB) (STx 9% vs. non-STx 9%, P = 0.89), right bundle branch block (STx 6% vs. non-STx 11%, P = 0.71), and left bundle branch block (STx 34% vs. non-STx 31%, P = 0.9) was not significantly different between the STx and non-STx groups. At 2 years after TAVI, none of the patients had implanted PPM or had severe arrhythmias documented by 24-h Holter ECG or cardiac examination. CONCLUSION Oral prednisone treatment does not appear to significantly reduce the incidence of AVB requiring acute PPM implantation after TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Science, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Science, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata
| | - Martina Belli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Marco Di Luozzo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Science, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Science, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata
| | - Massimo Marchei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Science, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata
| | - Francesca R Prandi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome
| | - Giuseppe Uccello
- Division of Cardiology, I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Milan
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Departmental Faculty of Medicine, Unicamillus-Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome
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Belli M, Barone L, Longo S, Prandi FR, Lecis D, Mollace R, Margonato D, Muscoli S, Sergi D, Federici M, Barillà F. Gut Microbiota Composition and Cardiovascular Disease: A Potential New Therapeutic Target? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11971. [PMID: 37569352 PMCID: PMC10418329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A great deal of evidence has revealed an important link between gut microbiota and the heart. In particular, the gut microbiota plays a key role in the onset of cardiovascular (CV) disease, including heart failure (HF). In HF, splanchnic hypoperfusion causes intestinal ischemia resulting in the translocation of bacteria and their metabolites into the blood circulation. Among these metabolites, the most important is Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO), which is responsible, through various mechanisms, for pathological processes in different organs and tissues. In this review, we summarise the complex interaction between gut microbiota and CV disease, particularly with respect to HF, and the possible strategies for influencing its composition and function. Finally, we highlight the potential role of TMAO as a novel prognostic marker and a new therapeutic target for HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Belli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Susanna Longo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy (R.M.)
| | - Francesca Romana Prandi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dalgisio Lecis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy (R.M.)
- Cardiovascular Department, Humanitas Gavazzeni, 24125 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Davide Margonato
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy (R.M.)
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.B.)
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Kouvari M, Sergi D, Zec M, Naumovski N. Editorial: Nutrition in prevention and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1212363. [PMID: 37521411 PMCID: PMC10374431 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1212363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matina Kouvari
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT, Australia
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manja Zec
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT, Australia
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Romani A, Sergi D, Zauli E, Voltan R, Lodi G, Vaccarezza M, Caruso L, Previati M, Zauli G. Nutrients, herbal bioactive derivatives and commensal microbiota as tools to lower the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1152254. [PMID: 37324739 PMCID: PMC10267353 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1152254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has infected a vast population across the world, causing more than 664 million cases and 6.7 million deaths by January 2023. Vaccination has been effective in reducing the most critical aftermath of this infection, but some issues are still present regarding re-infection prevention, effectiveness against variants, vaccine hesitancy and worldwide accessibility. Moreover, although several old and new antiviral drugs have been tested, we still lack robust and specific treatment modalities. It appears of utmost importance, facing this continuously growing pandemic, to focus on alternative practices grounded on firm scientific bases. In this article, we aim to outline a rigorous scientific background and propose complementary nutritional tools useful toward containment, and ultimately control, of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In particular, we review the mechanisms of viral entry and discuss the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from α-linolenic acid and other nutrients in preventing the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with its entry gateways. In a similar way, we analyze in detail the role of herbal-derived pharmacological compounds and specific microbial strains or microbial-derived polypeptides in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 entry. In addition, we highlight the role of probiotics, nutrients and herbal-derived compounds in stimulating the immunity response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Romani
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giada Lodi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Vaccarezza
- Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sanz JM, D'Amuri A, Sergi D, Angelini S, Fortunato V, Favari E, Vigna G, Zuliani G, Dalla Nora E, Passaro A. Cholesterol efflux capacity is increased in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia in a retrospective case-control study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8415. [PMID: 37225774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by an increase in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and by premature Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). However, it remains to be fully elucidated if FH impairs cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), and whether CEC is related to lipoprotein subfraction distribution. This study aimed at comparing FH patients and age, sex and BMI matched controls in terms of LDL and HDL subfraction distribution as well as CEC. Forty FH patients and 80 controls, matched for age, sex and BMI, were enrolled in this case-control study. LDL and HDL subfractions were analyzed using the Quantimetrix Lipoprint System. CEC was evaluated as aq-CEC and ABCA1-CEC. FH subjects showed a significantly higher concentration of all LDL subfractions, and a shift from large to small HDL subfraction pattern relative to controls. FH subjects with previous CVD event had smaller LDL lipoproteins than controls and FH subjects without previous CVD event. Both aq-CEC and ABCA1-CEC were increased in FH patients with respect to controls. To conclude, FH subjects had a metabolic profile characterized not only by higher LDL-C but also by shift from large to small HDL subfraction phenotype. However, FH subjects showed an increase CEC than controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea D'Amuri
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sharon Angelini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Fortunato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vigna
- Medicina Generale, Ospedale di Trecenta, Via U. Grisetti, 265, 45027, Trecenta, RO, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
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Bordoni L, Zec M, Naumovski N, Sergi D. Editorial: The role of dietary fatty acids in metabolic health. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1211151. [PMID: 37288432 PMCID: PMC10242416 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1211151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Manja Zec
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Curcio A, Anselmino M, Di Biase L, Migliore F, Nigro G, Rapacciuolo A, Sergi D, Tomasi L, Pedrinelli R, Mercuro G, Filardi PP, Indolfi C. The gray areas of oral anticoagulation for prevention of thromboembolic events in atrial fibrillation patients. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:e97-e105. [PMID: 37186560 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Thromboembolic events (TEE) associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) are highly recurrent and usually severe, causing permanent disability or, even, death. Previous data consistently showed significantly lower TEE in anticoagulated patients. While warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist, is still used worldwide, direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have shown noninferiority to warfarin in the prevention of TEE, and represent, to date, the preferred treatment. DOACs present favorable pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy profiles, especially among vulnerable patients including the elderly, those with renal dysfunction or previous TEE. Yet, regarding specific settings of AF patients it is unclear whether oral anticoagulation therapy is beneficial, or otherwise it is the maintenance of sinus rhythm, mostly achieved through a catheter ablation-based rhythm control strategy, that prevents the causal complications linked to AF. While it is known that low-risk patients [CHA2DS2-VASc 0 (males), or score of 1 (females)] present low ischemic stroke or mortality rates (<1%/year), it remains unclear whether they need any prophylaxis. Furthermore, the appropriate anticoagulation regimen for those individuals requiring cardioversion, either pharmacologic or electric, as well as peri-procedural anticoagulation in patients undergoing trans-catheter ablation that nowadays encompasses different energies, are still a matter of debate. In addition, AF concomitant with other clinical conditions is discussed and, lastly, the choice of prescribing anticoagulation to asymptomatic patients diagnosed with subclinical AF at either wearable or implanted devices. The aim of this review will be to provide an update on current strategies in the above-mentioned settings, and to suggest possible therapeutic options, finally focusing on AF-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Curcio
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University
| | - Matteo Anselmino
- Division of Cardiology, 'Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino' Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Montefiore Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Federico Migliore
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padova, Padova
| | - Gerardo Nigro
- Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (Second University of Naples)
| | - Antonio Rapacciuolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome
| | - Luca Tomasi
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Verona, Verona
| | - Roberto Pedrinelli
- Department of Surgical, Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Intensive Care, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Giuseppe Mercuro
- Department of Internal Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari
| | | | - Ciro Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
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Sergi D, Sanz JM, Lazzer S, Brombo G, Zuliani G, Biolo G, Šimunič B, Pišot R, Dalla Nora E, Passaro A. Interleukin-18 Is a Potential Biomarker Linking Dietary Fatty Acid Quality and Insulin Resistance: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Italy. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071782. [PMID: 37049621 PMCID: PMC10097292 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary lipids are pivotal in modulating metabolic inflammation. Among the inflammatory mediators characterizing metabolic inflammation, interleukin 18 (IL-18) has been consistently associated with obesity and insulin resistance. This study aims to evaluate whether the quality of lipid intake impacts upon IL-18 plasma levels and the implications on insulin resistance computed by the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Using a cross-sectional design, this study confirmed that IL-18 correlated positively with insulin resistance and individuals with a HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5 displayed higher circulating IL-18 levels compared with their insulin-sensitive counterparts. In terms of the effect of the quality of dietary lipids on IL-18 circulating levels, the ratio between monounsaturated, omega-3, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids as well as the intake of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids correlated negatively with IL-18. Despite this, IL-18 circulating levels, but not dietary fatty acid quality, predicted insulin resistance. Nevertheless, the ratio between omega 3 and saturated fatty acids was a predictor of IL-18 plasma levels. Thus, the downregulation of IL-18 may underpin, at least partially, the beneficial metabolic effects of substituting omega 3 for saturated fatty acids with this cytokine potentially representing a biomarker linking dietary lipids and metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale M. Kolbe 4, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gloria Brombo
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre of Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre of Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via A. Moro 8, I-44124 Ferrara, Italy
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Melloni M, Sergi D, Simioni C, Passaro A, Neri LM. Microalgae as a Nutraceutical Tool to Antagonize the Impairment of Redox Status Induced by SNPs: Implications on Insulin Resistance. Biology 2023; 12:biology12030449. [PMID: 36979141 PMCID: PMC10044993 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae represent a growing innovative source of nutraceuticals such as carotenoids and phenolic compound which are naturally present within these single-celled organisms or can be induced in response to specific growth conditions. The presence of the unfavourable allelic variant in genes involved in the control of oxidative stress, due to one or more SNPs in gene encoding protein involved in the regulation of redox balance, can lead to pathological conditions such as insulin resistance, which, in turn, is directly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review we provide an overview of the main SNPs in antioxidant genes involved in the promotion of insulin resistance with a focus on the potential role of microalgae-derived antioxidant molecules as novel nutritional tools to mitigate oxidative stress and improve insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
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12
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Kouvari M, M. D’Cunha N, Tsiampalis T, Zec M, Sergi D, Travica N, Marx W, McKune AJ, Panagiotakos DB, Naumovski N. Metabolically Healthy Overweight and Obesity, Transition to Metabolically Unhealthy Status and Cognitive Function: Results from the Framingham Offspring Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051289. [PMID: 36904288 PMCID: PMC10004783 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the association between metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) status and longitudinal cognitive function while also considering the stability of the condition. METHODS In total, 2892 participants (mean age 60.7 (9.4) years) from Framingham Offspring Study completed health assessments every four years since 1971. Neuropsychological testing was repeated every four years starting from 1999 (Exam 7) to 2014 (Exam 9) (mean follow-up: 12.9 (3.5) years). Standardized neuropsychological tests were constructed into three factor scores (general cognitive performance, memory, processing speed/executive function). Healthy metabolic status was defined as the absence of all NCEP ATP III (2005) criteria (excluding waist circumference). MHO participants who scored positively for one or more of NCEP ATPIII parameters in the follow-up period were defined as unresilient MHO. RESULTS No significant difference on the change in cognitive function over time was observed between MHO and metabolically healthy normal weight (MHN) individuals (all p > 0.05). However, a lower processing speed/executive functioning scale score was observed in unresilient MHO participants compared to resilient MHO participants (β = -0.76; 95% CI = -1.44, -0.08; p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS Retaining a healthy metabolic status over time represents a more important discriminant in shaping cognitive function compared to body weight alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Kouvari
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT 2617, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Kallithea, Attica, Greece
| | - Nathan M. D’Cunha
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Thomas Tsiampalis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Kallithea, Attica, Greece
| | - Manja Zec
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Food & Mood Centre, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine (IMPACT), Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Food & Mood Centre, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine (IMPACT), Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Andrew J. McKune
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT 2617, Australia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise, and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT 2617, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Kallithea, Attica, Greece
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, Ngunnawal Country, ACT 2617, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Kallithea, Attica, Greece
- Correspondence:
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13
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Sergi D, Zauli E, Tisato V, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Cervellati C. Lipids at the Nexus between Cerebrovascular Disease and Vascular Dementia: The Impact of HDL-Cholesterol and Ceramides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054403. [PMID: 36901834 PMCID: PMC10002119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases and the subsequent brain hypoperfusion are at the basis of vascular dementia. Dyslipidemia, marked by an increase in circulating levels of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol and a parallel decrease in HDL-cholesterol, in turn, is pivotal in promoting atherosclerosis which represents a common feature of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this regard, HDL-cholesterol has traditionally been considered as being protective from a cardiovascular and a cerebrovascular prospective. However, emerging evidence suggests that their quality and functionality play a more prominent role than their circulating levels in shaping cardiovascular health and possibly cognitive function. Furthermore, the quality of lipids embedded in circulating lipoproteins represents another key discriminant in modulating cardiovascular disease, with ceramides being proposed as a novel risk factor for atherosclerosis. This review highlights the role of HDL lipoprotein and ceramides in cerebrovascular diseases and the repercussion on vascular dementia. Additionally, the manuscript provides an up-to-date picture of the impact of saturated and omega-3 fatty acids on HDL circulating levels, functionality and ceramide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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14
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Cervellati C, Sergi D, Loria-Kohen V, Trentini A. Editorial: Endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the function and metabolism of lipoproteins. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1097963. [PMID: 36605988 PMCID: PMC9810071 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1097963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy,*Correspondence: Carlo Cervellati,
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Viviana Loria-Kohen
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, IdISSC, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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15
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Sergi D, Zauli E, Casciano F, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Fields M, Melloni E. Palmitic Acid Induced a Long-Lasting Lipotoxic Insult in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells, which Is Partially Counteracted by TRAIL. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122340. [PMID: 36552548 PMCID: PMC9774631 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia and increased circulating saturated fatty acids are key metabolic features of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that contribute to diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis. Contrarily, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been shown to improve or prevent T2DM. This study aimed at investigating the effect of TRAIL in an in vitro model of human retinal pigment epithelium: the ARPE-19 cell line, treated with palmitic acid (PA) in the presence of high glucose concentration. PA caused a drop in cellular metabolic activity and cell viability as well as an increase in apoptosis rates, which were paralleled by an upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as mitochondrial fragmentation. Despite ARPE-19 cells expressing TRAIL-R2 at the cell surface, TRAIL failed to counteract the cytotoxic effects of PA. However, when TRAIL was used alongside PA and then removed or used alone following PA challenge, it partially attenuated PA-induced lipotoxicity. This effect of TRAIL appeared to rely upon the modulation of inflammation and ROS production. Thus, TRAIL exerted a trophic effect on ARPE-19 cells, which became evident only when the lipotoxic insult was removed. Nevertheless, whether recombinant TRAIL might have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis and Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matteo Fields
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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16
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Belli M, Barone L, Bellia A, Sergi D, Lecis D, Prandi FR, Milite M, Galluccio C, Muscoli S, Romeo F, Barillà F. Treatment of HFpEF beyond the SGLT2-Is: Does the Addition of GLP-1 RA Improve Cardiometabolic Risk and Outcomes in Diabetic Patients? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314598. [PMID: 36498924 PMCID: PMC9737325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a common clinical syndrome frequently seen in elderly patients, the incidence of which is steadily increasing due to an ageing population and the increasing incidence of diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, chronic renal failure, and so on. It is a multifactorial disease with different phenotypic aspects that share left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and is the cause of about 50% of hospitalizations for heart failure in the Western world. Due to the complexity of the disease, no specific therapies have been identified for a long time. Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) and Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are antidiabetic drugs that have been shown to positively affect heart and kidney diseases. For SGLT2-Is, there are precise data on their potential benefits in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) as well as in HFpEF; however, insufficient evidence is available for GLP-1 RAs. This review addresses the current knowledge on the cardiac effects and potential benefits of combined therapy with SGLT2-Is and GLP-1RAs in patients with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Belli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Dalgisio Lecis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Prandi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marialucia Milite
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Galluccio
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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17
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Fisette A, Sergi D, Breton-Morin A, Descôteaux S, Martinoli MG. New Insights on the Role of Bioactive Food Derivatives in Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3068-3081. [PMID: 36121075 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220919085742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, neurodegenerative diseases have received increasing attention due to their frequency in the aging population and the social and economic burdens they are posing. In parallel, an era's worth of research in neuroscience has shaped our current appreciation of the complex relationship between nutrition and the central nervous system. Particular branches of nutrition continue to galvanize neuroscientists, in particular the diverse roles that bioactive food derivatives play on health and disease. Bioactive food derivatives are nowadays recognized to directly impact brain homeostasis, specifically with respect to their actions on cellular mechanisms of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and autophagy. However, ambiguities still exist regarding the significance of the influence of bioactive food derivatives on human health. In turn, gut microbiota dysbiosis is emerging as a novel player in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, several routes of communication exist between the gut and the brain, where molecules are either released in the bloodstream or directly transported to the CNS. As such, bioactive food derivatives can modulate the complex ecosystem of the gut-brain axis, thus, targeting this communication network holds promises as a neuroprotective tool. This review aims at addressing one of the emerging aspects of neuroscience, particularly the interplay between food bioactive derivatives and neurodegeneration. We will specifically address the role that polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids play in preventing neurodegenerative diseases and how dietary intervention complements available pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fisette
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alyssa Breton-Morin
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Savanah Descôteaux
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Qc., Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, U. Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, Canada
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18
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Sergi D, Bordoni L. Editorial: Molecular nutrition as preventive tool in non-communicable diseases: Mechanistic insights and risk biomarkers. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005397. [PMID: 36245507 PMCID: PMC9558724 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Prandi FR, Barone L, Lecis D, Belli M, Sergi D, Milite M, Lerakis S, Romeo F, Barillà F. Biomolecular Mechanisms of Cardiorenal Protection with Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1349. [PMID: 36291558 PMCID: PMC9599693 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, primarily from cardiovascular and renal diseases. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) are novel drugs for the treatment of type 2 DM and heart failure (HF). SGLT2-Is mediate protective effects on both the renal and cardiovascular systems. This review addresses the current knowledge on the biomolecular mechanisms of the cardiorenal protective effects of SGLT2-Is, which appear to act mainly through non-glucose-mediated pathways. Cardiorenal protection mechanisms lead to reduced chronic renal disease progression and improved myocardial and coronary endothelial function. Concomitantly, it is possible to observe reflected changes in biomarkers linked with diabetic kidney disease and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Prandi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Dalgisio Lecis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Belli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marialucia Milite
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stamatios Lerakis
- Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Faculty of Medicine, Unicamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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20
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Suriano F, Nyström EEL, Sergi D, Gustafsson JK. Diet, microbiota, and the mucus layer: The guardians of our health. Front Immunol 2022; 13:953196. [PMID: 36177011 PMCID: PMC9513540 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is an ecosystem in which the resident microbiota lives in symbiosis with its host. This symbiotic relationship is key to maintaining overall health, with dietary habits of the host representing one of the main external factors shaping the microbiome-host relationship. Diets high in fiber and low in fat and sugars, as opposed to Western and high-fat diets, have been shown to have a beneficial effect on intestinal health by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria, improve mucus barrier function and immune tolerance, while inhibiting pro-inflammatory responses and their downstream effects. On the contrary, diets low in fiber and high in fat and sugars have been associated with alterations in microbiota composition/functionality and the subsequent development of chronic diseases such as food allergies, inflammatory bowel disease, and metabolic disease. In this review, we provided an updated overview of the current understanding of the connection between diet, microbiota, and health, with a special focus on the role of Western and high-fat diets in shaping intestinal homeostasis by modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Suriano
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Francesco Suriano, ; Jenny K. Gustafsson,
| | - Elisabeth E. L. Nyström
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jenny K. Gustafsson
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Francesco Suriano, ; Jenny K. Gustafsson,
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Belli M, Zanin F, Macrini M, Barone L, Marchei M, Muscoli S, Prandi FR, Sergi D, Di Luozzo M, Romeo F, Barillà F. Combined MitraClip and Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: Is It Still a Utopia? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:940560. [PMID: 35903669 PMCID: PMC9314863 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.940560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting 32 million individuals worldwide, particularly the elderly. It is the main cause of ischemic strokes. Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is the gold standard strategy for stroke prevention. Still, there is a not negligible share of patients who have contraindications to this therapy, more frequently due to an increased risk of bleeding. AF is often associated with moderate-severe mitral regurgitation (MR), the second most frequent valvular disease in elderly patients. Data from the literature reported that more than half of patients with severe mitral regurgitation are not suitable candidates for cardiac surgery. Given the progressive aging of the population and the simultaneous increase in the number of patients with comorbidities, the advent of new therapeutic strategies, such as the combined approach of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion (LAAO) and MitraClip procedure, is acquiring great interest. At present, the category of patients who may benefit from combined percutaneous therapies and the long-term risks and benefits might not have been identified. Despite the efforts of researchers, the correct selection of patients is a very important clinical need that has not yet been met to avoid committing human and financial resources to interventions that may be unnecessary. It is conceivable that the most modern and recent innovations in cardiovascular imaging, particularly three-dimensional echocardiography and new methods of volume imaging, could improve our ability to select patients appropriately. Since data in the literature are scarce, future studies will be needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined MitraClip and LAA occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Belli
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Zanin
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lucy Barone
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Marchei
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Di Luozzo
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Departmental Faculty of Medicine, Unicamillus-Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Barillà
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Monaco C, Barone L, Cammalleri V, Stifano G, Magliano G, Geuna F, Romeo F, Sergi D. Local gentamicin-collagen sponge reduces cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections and pocket hematoma. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:5218-5224. [PMID: 35916820 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202207_29311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implantation or replacement of a cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) may be associated with complications, such as pocket hematomas and infections. This study aims to determine whether a lyophilized gentamycin-containing collagen implant (GCCI) reduces major CIED infections and pocket hematomas after implant. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted among patients who underwent implantation or replacement of CIED at the Tor Vergata Polyclinic (Rome, Italy) between June 2007 and November 2019. The primary combined endpoint was infection and hematoma occurrence through 12 months of follow-up post-procedure. The rate of single infectious complications, pocket hematomas or both were also assessed. RESULTS We compared 475 patients treated with the GCCI (GCCI group) with 714 patients who did not receive it (control group). Complications occurred in 127 patients (11%); a statistically significant reduction of infections and pocket hematomas in the GCCI group was reported when compared with control patients (1% vs. 17%; p<0.0001). A total of 20 (2%) infectious events were reported, 102 (8%) patients developed a pocket hematoma, and 5 (0.4%) had both. The rate of single complications was significantly lower in GCCI group: infection 0.2% vs. 2.6% (p=0.002), pocket hematoma 0.6% vs. 13.8% (p<0.001). The association between antiplatelet/anticoagulation therapy and hematoma development was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The GCCI is a medical device that can be used in addition to local hemostasis and prophylactic doses of systemic antibiotics with the aim of reducing infective complications and pocket hematoma after permanent CIED implantation or replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Monaco
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
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D’Cunha NM, Sergi D, Lane MM, Naumovski N, Gamage E, Rajendran A, Kouvari M, Gauci S, Dissanayka T, Marx W, Travica N. The Effects of Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products on Neurocognitive and Mental Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122421. [PMID: 35745150 PMCID: PMC9227209 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are glycated proteins or lipids formed endogenously in the human body or consumed through diet. Ultra-processed foods and some culinary techniques, such as dry cooking methods, represent the main sources and drivers of dietary AGEs. Tissue accumulation of AGEs has been associated with cellular aging and implicated in various age-related diseases, including type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The current review summarizes the literature examining the associations between AGEs and neurocognitive and mental health disorders. Studies indicate that elevated circulating AGEs are cross-sectionally associated with poorer cognitive function and longitudinally increase the risk of developing dementia. Additionally, preliminary studies show that higher skin AGE accumulation may be associated with mental disorders, particularly depression and schizophrenia. Potential mechanisms underpinning the effects of AGEs include elevated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are both key pathogenetic mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration and mental disorders. Decreasing dietary intake of AGEs may improve neurological and mental disorder outcomes. However, more sophisticated prospective studies and analytical approaches are required to verify directionality and the extent to which AGEs represent a mediator linking unhealthy dietary patterns with cognitive and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M. D’Cunha
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia (N.N.); (M.K.)
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Melissa M. Lane
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (M.M.L.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (T.D.); (W.M.)
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia (N.N.); (M.K.)
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Gamage
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (M.M.L.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (T.D.); (W.M.)
| | - Anushri Rajendran
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (M.M.L.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (T.D.); (W.M.)
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Matina Kouvari
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia (N.N.); (M.K.)
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Sarah Gauci
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia;
- Heart and Mind Research, IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Thusharika Dissanayka
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (M.M.L.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (T.D.); (W.M.)
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (M.M.L.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (T.D.); (W.M.)
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (M.M.L.); (E.G.); (A.R.); (T.D.); (W.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Sanz JM, Sergi D, Colombari S, Capatti E, Situlin R, Biolo G, Di Girolamo FG, Lazzer S, Šimunič B, Pišot R, Passaro A. Dietary Acid Load but Not Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score Is Associated With Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health State: A Population Observational Study From Northern Italy. Front Nutr 2022; 9:828587. [PMID: 35558749 PMCID: PMC9087734 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.828587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of chronic diseases. In this regard, the Mediterranean diet has been widely shown to exert beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. On the contrary, the Western diet, which has also been reported to be an acidogenic dietary pattern, elicits detrimental effects on both metabolic and cardiovascular (CV) health. However, the role of dietary acid load (DAL) as a predictor of cardiometabolic prognosis remains to be elucidated. Thus, this study aims to compare Mediterranean diet adherence (MDA) and DAL focusing on their relationship with metabolic and CV prognosis. A total of 448 individuals aged 55–80 years were grouped depending on their MDA, assessed using food frequency questionnaires, or DAL, evaluated using potential renal load acid (PRAL) and net-endogenous acid production (NEAP). Study participants underwent anthropometric and biochemical measurements. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence was evaluated according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. Finally, the CV risk was evaluated using three independent algorithms: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), European Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), and Cuore risk scores. Mediterranean diet adherence was negatively associated with PRAL and NEAP. Individuals in the higher MDA tertile group had higher HDL cholesterol as well as lower homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) and fat mass relative to the lowest MDA tertile. However, in the high-MDA tertile group, there was neither a significantly lower MetS prevalence nor CV risk. Instead, both the MetS prevalence and CV risk were higher in individuals in the higher acid PRAL quartile relative to the lower alkaline PRAL quartile. Dietary acid load, especially assessed using PRAL but not MDA, was associated with indices of metabolic and CV prognosis. Thus, DAL assessed by 24-h dietary recalls may represent a better predictor of cardiometabolic health if compared to MDA evaluated using food frequency questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simona Colombari
- University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Capatti
- University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Situlin
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Clinica Medica ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Clinica Medica ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Clinica Medica ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Hospital Pharmacy, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Center of Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Center of Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
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25
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Martocchia A, Ialungo S, Dulcetti A, Malena D, Proietta M, Del Porto F, Landolfi F, Sesti G, Sergi D, Martelletti P. The evaluation of the intracavitary effusions by a beside ultrasound examination. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2022; 81:233-240. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-221402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the bedside use of the pocket-sized ultrasound (US) device for the detection of the intracavitary effusions. METHODS: We randomly enrolled 40 patients admitted to S. Andrea Hospital of Rome. Every patient received a clinical and biochemical evaluation and a bedside US examination to detect and estimate the intracavitary (pleural, pericardial and intra-abdominal) effusions; the US measurements have been compared to the computed tomography (CT) scans (as gold standard). RESULTS: The patients presented a high prevalence of effusions: right pleural 16/40 = 40% (esteemed volume 236.3±500.7 ml, mean±standard deviation m±SD), left pleural 8/40 = 20% (127.0±377.4 ml), pericardial 12/40 = 30% (47.5±72.8 ml) and intra-abdominal effusions 5/40 = 12.5% of cases (110.9±600.6 ml). Linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between US and CT measurements: pleural r = 0.973 p < 1×10–38, pericardial r = 0.927 p < 1×10–39, intra-abdominal space r = 0.921 p < 1×10–59. The accuracy of the bedside US at the pleural, pericardial and abdominal level was respectively 98%, 93% and 96% (Cohen’s kappa coefficient 0.966, 0.841 and 0.833). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed a high prevalence of the intracavitary effusions and a high accuracy of the bedside US. The bedside US by a pocket-sized device is promising tool for its advantages of reproducibility and non-invasiveness of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Martocchia
- Emergency Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - S. Ialungo
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - A. Dulcetti
- Emergency Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - D.M. Malena
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - M. Proietta
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F. Del Porto
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F. Landolfi
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G. Sesti
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - D. Sergi
- Internal Medicine and Radiology Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P. Martelletti
- Emergency Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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26
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Matteucci A, Bonacchi G, La Fazia VM, Stifano G, Sergi D. Matching Imaging and Remodulation Effects: Benefits of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Shown by Global Longitudinal Strain: A Case Report. Clin Pract 2022; 12:113-117. [PMID: 35200266 PMCID: PMC8870986 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac Contractility Modulation (CCM) has been proposed for inpatients affected by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), with relapsing HF symptoms. We present a case of a patient treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of acute coronary syndrome without persistent ST-segment elevation, with the best medical therapy for decompensated HF. The patient refused the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), and to reduce the increasing number of hospitalizations for HF exacerbations, we proposed the use of the cardiac contractility modulation device. After the implant, the patient demonstrated a marked improvement in exercise effort and quality of life (QOL) with a six-minute walk test (SMWT), Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHFQ), and echocardiographic parameters. At 9 months after discharge, no hospital admissions for HF were recorded. We showed with the speckle tracking imaging how the improvement in global longitudinal strain (GLS) correlates with the remodeling effects on myocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Matteucci
- Division of Cardiology, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Via Martinotti, 20, 00135 Rome, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (V.M.L.F.); (G.S.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giacomo Bonacchi
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (V.M.L.F.); (G.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Vincenzo M. La Fazia
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (V.M.L.F.); (G.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Stifano
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (V.M.L.F.); (G.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (V.M.L.F.); (G.S.); (D.S.)
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27
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Kashif RR, D’Cunha NM, Mellor DD, Alexopoulos NI, Sergi D, Naumovski N. Prickly Pear Cacti (Opuntia spp.) Cladodes as a Functional Ingredient for Hyperglycemia Management: A Brief Narrative Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020300. [PMID: 35208623 PMCID: PMC8874358 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of obesity is increasing along with its comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). From a pathophysiological perspective, T2DM arises as a consequence of insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which together induce chronic hyperglycemia. The pharmacological treatment of T2DM specifically focuses on its management, rather than remission, with a lack of pharmacological agents to prevent the onset of the disease. Considering the role of unhealthy dietary patterns on the development of T2DM, identifying novel food ingredients and bioactive substances may provide new avenues by which to address the T2DM epidemic. In this brief review, we have summarized the latest findings on the consumption of the prickly pear (PP; Opuntia spp.) cladode as a potential nutritional tool for the management of hyperglycemia. The consumption of prickly pear cladodes was reported to exert hypoglycemic effects, making it a potential cost-effective nutritional intervention for the management of T2DM. Several studies have demonstrated that the consumption of prickly pear cladodes and the related products reduced post-prandial glucose levels. The cladodes’ high fiber content may be implicated in improving glycemic control, by affecting glucose absorption and effectively slowing its release into the blood circulation. Given these potential hypoglycemic effects, prickly pear cladodes may represent a potential functional food ingredient to improve glycemic control and counter the negative metabolic effects of the modern Western diet. Nonetheless, in consideration of the lack of evidence on the chronic effects of the prickly pear cladode, future research aimed at evaluating its long-term effects on glycemic control is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Raahim Kashif
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (R.R.K.)
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Nathan M. D’Cunha
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (R.R.K.)
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Duane D. Mellor
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK;
| | | | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (R.R.K.)
- Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-6206-8719
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Bochenek H, Krga I, Sergi D, Kouvari M, Zec M, Naumovski N. Dietary patterns, caloric restrictions for management of cardiovascular disease and cancer; a brief review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:41. [DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2301041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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29
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Prandi FR, Illuminato F, Galluccio C, Milite M, Macrini M, Di Landro A, Idone G, Chiocchi M, Sbordone FP, Sergi D, Romeo F, Barillà F. A Rare Case of Left Ventricular Non-Compaction with Coronary Artery Anomaly Complicated by ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Subcutaneous Defibrillator Implantation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19020791. [PMID: 35055613 PMCID: PMC8775424 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy caused by arrest of normal endomyocardial embryogenesis and characterized by the persistence of ventricular hypertrabeculation, isolated or associated to other congenital defects. A 33-year-old male, with family history of sudden cardiac death (SCD), presented to our ER with typical chest pain and was diagnosed with anterior STEMI. Coronary angiography showed an anomalous origin of the circumflex artery from the right coronary artery and a critical stenosis on the proximal left anterior descending artery, treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The echocardiogram documented left ventricular severe dysfunction with lateral wall hypertrabeculation, strongly suggestive for non-compaction, confirmed by cardiac MRI. At 3 months follow up, for the persistence of the severely depressed EF (30%) and the family history for SCD, the patient underwent subcutaneous ICD (sICD) implantation for primary prevention. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of LVNC associated with anomalous coronary artery origin and STEMI reported in the literature. Arrhythmias are common in LVNC due to endocardial hypoperfusion and fibrosis. sICD overcomes the risks of transvenous ICD, and it is a valuable option when there is no need for pacing therapy for bradycardia, cardiac resynchronization therapy and anti-tachycardia pacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Prandi
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3396669709
| | - Federica Illuminato
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Chiara Galluccio
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Marialucia Milite
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Massimiliano Macrini
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Alessio Di Landro
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Gaetano Idone
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Marcello Chiocchi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Molecular Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Sbordone
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Molecular Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (F.P.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
- Department of Departmental Faculty of Medicine, Unicamillus International Medical University of Rome, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Unit of Cardiology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.); (G.I.); (D.S.); (F.R.); (F.B.)
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Prandi FR, Evangelista I, Sergi D, Palazzuoli A, Romeo F. Mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy: molecular abnormalities and phenotypical variants. Heart Fail Rev 2022; 28:597-606. [PMID: 35001338 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a diabetes mellitus-induced pathophysiological condition characterized by cardiac structural, functional, and metabolic changes that can result in heart failure (HF), in the absence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and valvular heart disease. Metabolic alterations such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and increased metabolism of free fatty acids result in oxidative stress, inflammation, advanced glycation end products formation, abnormalities in calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis that are responsible for structural remodeling. Cardiac stiffness, hypertrophy, and fibrosis eventually lead to dysfunction and HF with preserved ejection fraction and/or HF with reduced ejection fraction. In this review, we analyzed in detail the cellular and molecular mechanisms and the metabolic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of DCM. Different phenotypes are observed in DCM, and it is not clear yet if the restrictive and the dilated phenotypes are distinct or represent an evolution of the same disease. Phenotypic differences can be observed between T1DM and T2DM DCM, possibly explained by the different myocardial insulin action. Further studies are needed in order to better understand the underlying mechanisms of DCM and to identify appropriate therapeutic targets and novel strategies to prevent and reverse the progression toward heart failure in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Evangelista
- Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, S. Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital "Tor Vergata", Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Alberto Palazzuoli
- Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, S. Maria Alle Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital "Tor Vergata", Rome, RM, Italy
- Unicamillus International University, Rome, RM, Italy
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Lecis D, Muscoli S, Marchei M, Sergi D, Di Luozzo M, Prandi FR, Sanseviero A, Belli M, Idone G, Cammalleri V, Romeo F, Barillà F. 733 Evaluation of pulmonary pressures in patients underwent to MitraClip. Eur Heart J Suppl 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suab147.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the second most frequent valve heart disease in Europe and its underlying mechanism primary-organic (due to disease of the mitral leaflets), or secondary-functional (where valve leaflets and chordae are structurally normal and MR results from alterations in left ventricle and left atrium geometry), determines the therapeutic approach. Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (TEER) with MitraClip implantation is a minimal-invasive treatment that according to 2021 ESC Guidelines should be considered (class indication IIa) in selected symptomatic patients with severe MR despite optimal medical therapy, not eligible for surgery and fulfilling COAPT trial inclusion criteria, suggesting an increased chance of responding to treatment. Optimal valve morphology features for TEER are central pathology (second scallop), no leaflet calcifications, mitral valve area >4 cm2, mobile length of posterior leaftel >10 mm, coaptation depth <11mm, normal leaflet strength and mobility, flail width <15 mm, flail gap <10 mm. TEER may be considered (class IIb) only in selected cases when the COAPT criteria are not fulfilled with the aim of improving symptoms and quality of life. MR occurs during systole, that at normal heart rates represents 30–50% of the cardiac cycle. As such, marked left atrial (LA) pressure elevation is present only transiently, representing less of a drive to development of secondary pulmonary hypertension compared to chronic LA pressure elevation seen in severe mitral stenosis. Anyway, in patients with severe MR echocardiography often reveals elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPs) and MitraClip implantation usually is associated with a slight increase of the trans-mitral gradient with possible repercussions on pulmonary pressures. To better describe the effect of MitraClip implantation on pulmonary pressures and clinical outcomes we did a retrospective study enrolling in the period 2012–2021 25 patients with severe mitral regurgitation treated with TEER. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes (symptoms, signs of heart failure, NYHA functional class) and the pulmonary pressures assessed by an echocardiographic examination before and after the intervention. At 6-month follow-up all patients with repaired mitral regurgitation showed an improvement in the NYHA class (from IV to II) and no need for re-hospitalization. We observed a trend in the reduction of the mean sistolic pulmonary arterial pressure of 2.68 mmHg ± 15 mmHg (P 0.39, 95% C.I. −9.03 to 3.67) with an unchanged left ventricle ejection fraction. Moreover, the echocardiographic exam showed a normalization of the S and D waves pattern in the pulmonary veins at the PW Doppler evaluation. We can assume that the clinical improvement and the reduction of dyspnoea in these patients underwent TEER is related to a reduction of pressures in the pulmonary circulation regardless of the ejection fraction. This finding could be used as a tool that the cardiologist has to evaluate in the echocardiography lab to reveal a new mitral valve disfunction. Considering the small sample, a greater number of patients will be enrolled to highlight the statistical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalgisio Lecis
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Marchei
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Di Luozzo
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angela Sanseviero
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Belli
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Idone
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Cammalleri
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Barillà
- Department of Cardiology, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Prandi FR, Illuminato F, Galluccio C, Milite M, Macrini M, Di Landro A, Idone G, Sergi D, Chiocchi M, Barilla F. 447 Left ventricular non-compaction with coronary artery anomaly: incidental diagnosis after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Suppl 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suab142.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy thought to be caused by arrest of normal endomyocardial morphogenesis. A 33-year-old male, smoker, dyslipidemic not on medical therapy, with family history for sudden cardiac death (SCD) presented to the ER for chest pain radiated to the left arm, unrelated to exertion. The physical examination was within normal limits. Blood tests showed increased cardiac enzymes levels (Troponin I hs 49 308.7 ng/l). The EKG showed STE in the anterior leads and diffuse ventricular repolarization anomalies, suggestive of anterior STEMI. The patient underwent coronary catheterization, with evidence of anomalous origin of the Cx from the RCA and critical stenosis on the proximal LAD, treated with PPCI and implantation of a DES with good angiographic result. The patient was transferred to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. TTE showed moderate LV dilatation, severe LV dysfunction (EF 30%) with apical, septal and anterior wall akinesis, and lateral wall hypertrabecularization with multiple prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses communicating with the cavity, suggestive for LVNC. Cardiac MRI documented dilated LV with EF 34%, anterior and antero-septal wall akinesis (associated with increased T1 mapping values and areas of LGE after contrast injection, compatible with ischaemic outcomes), infero-lateral wall hypokinesia and LV free wall marked hypertrabecularization with a ratio of not compacted(T)/compacted(M) myocardium of 5 (Petersen criteria for LVNC diagnosis: T/M > 2.3 in telediastolic long-axis view). The patient was discharged in stable clinical conditions in DAPT(Cardioaspirin and Ticagrelor). At two months cardiologic follow-up the patient was asymptomatic and TTE confirmed a dilated LV with severely depressed EF (30%). In consideration of the post-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy with severely depressed EF and of the family history of SCD (father deceased at 54-years-old), the patient was admitted in our Cardiology Unit and he underwent subcutaneous ICD (sICD) implantation. He was discharged in stable conditions with remote home monitoring transmitter. The association between LVNC and anomalous coronary artery origin is rare. LVNC is sometimes associated with coronary artery disease, but only rare cases of acute myocardial infarction have been described in literature, with exceptionally rare cases of LVNC incidental diagnosis after STEMI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of LVNC associated with anomalous coronary artery origin and STEMI reported in literature. Some authors hypothesized that a single gene responsible for both myocardial development and coronary endothelium could be involved in the pathogenesis of LVNC and at the same time predispose to coronary atherosclerosis. Further studies are necessary in order to assess the possible pathophysiological mechanisms that correlate LVNC and coronary atherosclerosis. According to European guidelines, LVNC in the absence of additional risk factors is not an indication for primary ICD implantation, and for arrhythmic risk stratification it’s recommended to follow the criteria used for non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy. The anomalous origin of the Cx from the RCA has an incidence of 0.37%, and it is generally not linked to an increased risk of SCD. Involvement of RV in LVNC cannot be excluded even when RV appears normal on CMR, and if involved there is higher risk of perforation by the lead. sICD overcomes disadvantages of transvenous ICD in patients without a need for pacing therapy. In literature use of sICD is reported only in 14 patients with LVNC, mainly children and young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Galluccio
- UOC Cardiologia, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gaetano Idone
- UOC Cardiologia, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- UOC Cardiologia, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy
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Acconcia MC, Perrone MA, Sergi D, Di Luozzo M, Marchei M, De Vico P, Sili Scavalli A, Pannarale G, Chiocchi M, Gaudio C, Romeo F, Caretta Q, Barillà F. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation results are not superimposable to surgery in patients with aortic stenosis at low surgical risk. Cardiol J 2021; 30:595-605. [PMID: 34622437 PMCID: PMC10508068 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2021.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) vs. surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) at low surgical risk. METHODS All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (Obs) published from January 2014 until March 31st, 2020 were retrieved through the PubMed computerized database and at the site https://www. CLINICALTRIALS com. The relative risk (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the effect of the intervention under comparison. The primary endpoints were all-cause 30-day mortality and 1-year mortality. The 30-day safety endpoints were: stroke, acute kidney injury stage 2 or 3, major bleeding, moderate/severe paravalvular leak, need for new permanent pacemaker (PM) implantation. RESULTS After detailed review 9 studies, related to 4 RCTs and 5 Obs, were selected. The overall analysis of RCTs plus Obs showed a significantly lower 30-day mortality for TAVI (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.45-0.68, p < 0.00001; I2 = 0%). However, an increased risk of new PM implantation (RR = 2.87; 95% CI 2.01-3.67, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%) and of paravalvular leak (RR = 7.28; 95% CI 3.83-13.81, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%) was observed in TAVI compared to SAVR. On the contrary, a lower incidence of major bleeding (RR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.27-0.54, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%) and of acute kidney injury was observed (RR = 0.33; 95% CI 0.19-0.56, p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%) in TAVI. CONCLUSIONS TAVI and SVAR in the treatment of AS in the patients at low surgical risk are not superimposable. In particular, if 30-day and 1-year mortality, major bleeding and acute kidney injury were significantly lower for TAVI, the need of new PM implantation and paravalvular leak were significantly lower in SAVR. Consequently, we suggest the need of more trials to evaluate the effectiveness of TAVI as routine therapeutic procedure in the treatment of patients with low surgical risk AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Di Luozzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Marchei
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vico
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Pannarale
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Chiocchi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Molecular Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Gaudio
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Quintilio Caretta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Koudriavtseva T, Lorenzano S, Anelli V, Sergi D, Stefanile A, Piantadosi C. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation during bevacizumab treatment for metastatic cervical cancer. J Neurol Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.119954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Koudriavtseva T, Lorenzano S, Anelli V, Sergi D, Stefanile A, Di Domenico EG, Maschio M, Galiè E, Piantadosi C. Case Report: Probable Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation During Bevacizumab Treatment for Metastatic Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:669753. [PMID: 34386418 PMCID: PMC8353446 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.669753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab is an anti-angiogenic monoclonal antibody targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) that induces the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells thus, promoting vasculogenesis. Bevacizumab inhibits cancer angiogenesis, which is fundamental for either tumor development, exponential growth, or metastatic spread by supplying nutrients and oxygen. We report a new possible adverse event of bevacizumab, a Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation (CAARI), in a 72-year-old woman with metastatic cervical cancer. After six cycles every three weeks of chemotherapy (cisplatin, paclitaxel, bevacizumab) and following two maintenance bevacizumab administrations, the patient presented a worsening confusional state. The MRI scan showed bilateral asymmetric temporo-parieto-occipital hyperintensity with numerous cortical microbleeds indicative of a CAARI. After stopping bevacizumab treatment, steroid therapy was administered resulting in rapid clinical improvement. The subsequent neurological and oncological follow-up was negative for recurrence. The patient was a heterozygote carrier for apolipoprotein-E ε4 that increases the risk of sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA), which is characterized by beta-amyloid accumulation and fibrinoid necrosis in cerebral vasculature leading to micro/macrohemorrhages and dementia. Moreover, CAA is present in 30% of people aged over 60 years without dementia. In the brains of CAA patients, there is a proinflammatory state with cerebrovascular endothelial cell alteration and elevated levels of either adhesion molecules or inflammatory interleukins that increase the blood-brain barrier permeability. Moreover, CAARI is an inflammatory form of CAA. Inhibition of VEGF, which has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and pro-survival effects on endothelial cells, impairs their regenerative capacity and increases expression of proinflammatory genes leading to weakened supporting layers of blood vessels and, hence, to damaged vascular integrity. In our patient, bevacizumab administration may have further increased permeability of cerebral microvasculature likely impaired by an underlying, asymptomatic CAA. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting on the development of probable CAARI during bevacizumab treatment, which should alert the clinicians in case of neurological symptom onset in older patients under anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Koudriavtseva
- Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy
| | - Svetlana Lorenzano
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Anelli
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy
| | - Annunziata Stefanile
- Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Maschio
- Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy
| | - Edvina Galiè
- Department of Clinical Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri (IFO), Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Piantadosi
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Neurology, San Giovanni-Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Krasniqi E, Sacconi A, Marinelli D, Pizzuti L, Mazzotta M, Sergi D, Capomolla E, Donzelli S, Carosi M, Bagnato A, Gamucci T, Tomao S, Natoli C, Marchetti P, Grassadonia A, Tinari N, De Tursi M, Vizza E, Ciliberto G, Landi L, Cappuzzo F, Barba M, Blandino G, Vici P. MicroRNA-based signatures impacting clinical course and biology of ovarian cancer: a miRNOmics study. Biomark Res 2021; 9:57. [PMID: 34256855 PMCID: PMC8276429 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Western countries, ovarian cancer (OC) still represents the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related deaths, despite the remarkable gains in therapeutical options. Novel biomarkers of early diagnosis, prognosis definition and prediction of treatment outcomes are of pivotal importance. Prior studies have shown the potentials of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) as biomarkers for OC and other cancers. Methods We focused on the prognostic and/or predictive potential of miRNAs in OC by conducting a comprehensive array profiling of miRNA expression levels in ovarian tissue samples from 17 non-neoplastic controls, and 60 tumor samples from OC patients treated at the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRE). A set of 54 miRNAs with differential expression in tumor versus normal samples (T/N-deregulated) was identified in the IRE cohort and validated against data from the Cancer Genoma Atlas (TCGA) related to 563 OC patients and 8 non-neoplastic controls. The prognostic/predictive role of the selected 54 biomarkers was tested in reference to survival endpoints and platinum resistance (P-res). Results In the IRE cohort, downregulation of the 2 miRNA-signature including miR-99a-5p and miR-320a held a negative prognostic relevance, while upregulation of miR-224-5p was predictive of less favorable event free survival (EFS) and P-res. Data from the TCGA showed that downregulation of 5 miRNAs, i.e., miR-150, miR-30d, miR-342, miR-424, and miR-502, was associated with more favorable EFS and overall survival outcomes, while miR-200a upregulation was predictive of P-res. The 9 miRNAs globally identified were all included into a single biologic signature, which was tested in enrichment analysis using predicted/validated miRNA target genes, followed by network representation of the miRNA-mRNA interactions. Conclusions Specific dysregulated microRNA sets in tumor tissue showed predictive/prognostic value in OC, and resulted in a promising biological signature for this disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-021-00289-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - A Sacconi
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - D Marinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Medical Oncology Unit, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - L Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mazzotta
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - D Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - E Capomolla
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - S Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Carosi
- Pathology Department IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bagnato
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - T Gamucci
- Medical Oncology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Via dei Monti Tiburtini 385, 00157, Rome, Italy
| | - S Tomao
- Department of Radiological Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Division of Medical Oncology A, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - C Natoli
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - P Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Medical Oncology Unit, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - A Grassadonia
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - N Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - M De Tursi
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - E Vizza
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Gynecologic Oncologic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - L Landi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - F Cappuzzo
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - P Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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Sergi D, Luscombe-Marsh N, Naumovski N, Abeywardena M, O'Callaghan N. Palmitic Acid, but Not Lauric Acid, Induces Metabolic Inflammation, Mitochondrial Fragmentation, and a Drop in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Human Primary Myotubes. Front Nutr 2021; 8:663838. [PMID: 34136519 PMCID: PMC8200524 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.663838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chain length of saturated fatty acids may dictate their impact on inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, two pivotal players in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. However, these paradigms have only been investigated in animal models and cell lines so far. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of palmitic (PA) (16:0) and lauric (LA) (12:0) acid on human primary myotubes mitochondrial health and metabolic inflammation. Human primary myotubes were challenged with either PA or LA (500 μM). After 24 h, the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas Western blot was used to quantify the abundance of the inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (IκBα), electron transport chain complex proteins and mitofusin-2 (MFN-2). Mitochondrial membrane potential and dynamics were evaluated using tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and immunocytochemistry, respectively. PA, contrarily to LA, triggered an inflammatory response marked by the upregulation of IL-6 mRNA (11-fold; P < 0.01) and a decrease in IκBα (32%; P < 0.05). Furthermore, whereas PA and LA did not differently modulate the levels of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex proteins, PA induced mitochondrial fragmentation (37%; P < 0.001), decreased MFN-2 (38%; P < 0.05), and caused a drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (11%; P < 0.01) compared to control, with this effect being absent in LA-treated cells. Thus, LA, as opposed to PA, did not trigger pathogenetic mechanisms proposed to be linked with insulin resistance and therefore represents a healthier saturated fatty acid choice to potentially preserve skeletal muscle metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Functional Foods and Nutrition Research Laboratory, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Mahinda Abeywardena
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan O'Callaghan
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Cammalleri V, Marsili G, Stelitano M, Tavernese A, Mauceri A, Macrini M, Stifano G, Muscoli S, Mollace R, Di Luozzo M, Sergi D, De Vico P, Romeo F. Every minute counts: in-hospital changes of left ventricular regional and global function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2021; 22:363-370. [PMID: 33136804 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of our study was to assess the effects of an early percutaneous coronary intervention on changes of in-hospital left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and wall motion score index (WMSI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. METHODS The study population consisted of 324 consecutive patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, divided into two groups, according to the first medical contact (FMC)-to-reperfusion time, respectively, 90 min or less (n = 173) and more than 90 min (n = 151). Moreover, we performed a sub-analysis in the group of patients who showed at discharge an improvement in the LVEF of at least 10%. RESULTS In both groups at baseline, patients suffered from a moderately reduced LVEF (40.88 ± 8.38% in ≤90 min group vs. 40.70 ± 8.98% in >90 min group; P = 0.858). A WMSI of more than 1 was recorded uniformly: 1.71 ± 0.37 in patients with FMC-to-reperfusion 90 min or less and 1.72 ± 0.38 in patients more than 90 min (P = 0.810). At the time of discharge, a significant improvement in LVEF (43.82 ± 8.38%, P = 0.001) and WMSI (1.60 ± 0.41, P = 0.009) exclusively emerged in the 90 min or less group. Furthermore, we identified 105 patients who experienced an improvement in the LVEF of at least 10% compared with baseline values. In these patients FMC-to-reperfusion and total ischemic time resulted as significantly shorter, when compared with patients with LVEF improvement of less than 10%. CONCLUSION Our study confirms and reinforces the concept that reducing the duration of the time between FMC and reperfusion, as well as the total ischemic time influences a positive recovery of left ventricular global and regional function during in-hospital stay.
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Sergi D, Luscombe-Marsh N, Heilbronn LK, Birch-Machin M, Naumovski N, Lionetti L, Proud CG, Abeywardena MY, O'Callaghan N. The Inhibition of Metabolic Inflammation by EPA Is Associated with Enhanced Mitochondrial Fusion and Insulin Signaling in Human Primary Myotubes. J Nutr 2021; 151:810-819. [PMID: 33561210 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained fuel excess triggers low-grade inflammation that can drive mitochondrial dysfunction, a pivotal defect in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate whether inflammation in skeletal muscle can be prevented by EPA, and if this is associated with an improvement in mitochondrial fusion, membrane potential, and insulin signaling. METHODS Human primary myotubes were treated for 24 h with palmitic acid (PA, 500 μM) under hyperglycemic conditions (13 mM glucose), which represents nutrient overload, and in the presence or absence of EPA (100 μM). After the treatments, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PPARGC1A) and IL6 was assessed by q-PCR. Western blot was used to measure the abundance of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IKBA), mitofusin-2 (MFN2), mitochondrial electron transport chain complex proteins, and insulin-dependent AKT (Ser473) and AKT substrate 160 (AS 160; Thr642) phosphorylation. Mitochondrial dynamics and membrane potential were evaluated using immunocytochemistry and the JC-1 (tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide) dye, respectively. Data were analyzed using 1-factor ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. RESULTS Nutrient excess activated the proinflammatory NFκB signaling marked by a decrease in IKBA (40%; P < 0.05) and the upregulation of IL6 mRNA (12-fold; P < 0.001). It also promoted mitochondrial fragmentation (53%; P < 0.001). All these effects were counteracted by EPA. Furthermore, nutrient overload-induced drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (6%; P < 0.05) was prevented by EPA. Finally, EPA inhibited fuel surplus-induced impairment in insulin-mediated phosphorylation of AKT (235%; P < 0.01) and AS160 (49%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS EPA inhibited NFκB signaling, which was associated with an attenuation of the deleterious effects of PA and hyperglycemia on both mitochondrial health and insulin signaling in human primary myotubes. Thus, EPA might preserve skeletal muscle metabolic health during sustained fuel excess but this requires confirmation in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Natalie Luscombe-Marsh
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Leonie K Heilbronn
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Nutrition, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Lilla' Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli," University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Christopher G Proud
- Nutrition, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mahinda Y Abeywardena
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan O'Callaghan
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Calcaterra G, Bassareo PP, Barillà F, Sergi D, Chiocchi M, Romeo F, Mehta JL. The Deadly Quartet (Covid-19, Old Age, Lung Disease, and Heart Failure) Explains Why Coronavirus-Related Mortality in Northern Italy Was So High. Curr Cardiol Rev 2021; 17:74-77. [PMID: 32735524 PMCID: PMC8142373 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x16666200731162614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its outbreak in China at the end of 2019, the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was characterized by both easy spreading and high mortality. The latter proved to be way more elevated in the North of Italy -with a peak of 18.4% in region Lombardia and even 31% in the city of Bergamo and surrounding county- than in the rest of the world. In an attempt to conceptualize the reasons for such a dramatic situation, four key elements have been identified: COVID-19 itself, old age, lung disease, and heart failure. Their harmful combination has been named “The deadly quartet”. The underlying risk factors, among which a lot of them are distinctive features of the population in northern Italy, have been summarized as “unmodifiable”, “partially modifiable”, and “modifiable”, for the sake of clarity. Up-to-date scientific evidence in this field has been described in the form of a narrative and easy-to-read review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pier P Bassareo
- University College of Dublin, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Chiocchi
- Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Cardiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the VA Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
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Matteucci A, Massaro G, Sergi D, Bonanni M, Stifano G, Matino M, Zerillo B, Rogliani P, Romeo F. Electrocardiographic modifications and cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients: results from an Italian cohort. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2021; 22:190-196. [PMID: 33512975 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to detect predisposing CV risks factors and ECGs changes in COVID-19 patients. METHODS The study population included 60 noncritically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to our hospital between 16 March and 11 May 2020. Electrographic changes, evaluated from ECGs acquired at admission and at 7 days after starting COVID-19 therapy, were analysed. We also compared 45 patients without CV involvement with 15 patients with new onset of cardiac adverse events during hospitalization. RESULTS ECGs under treatment showed a lower heart rate (HR) (69.45 ± 8.06 vs 80.1 ± 25.1 beats/min, P = 0,001) and a longer QRS (102.46 ± 15.08 vs 96.75 ± 17.14, P = 0.000) and QT corrected (QTc) interval (452.15 ± 37.55 vs 419.9 ± 33.41, P = 0,000) duration than ECGs before therapy. Fifteen patients (25%) showed clinical CV involvement. Within this group, female sex, lower ejection fraction (EF), low serum haemoglobin, high Troponin I levels (TnI), low lymphocytes count, high serum IL-6 levels, or use of Tocilizumab (TCZ) were more represented. CONCLUSIONS Patients admitted for SARS-CoV2 infection and treated with anti-COVID-19 drug therapy develop ECG changes such as reduction in HR and increase in QRS duration and QTc interval. One in four patients developed CV events. Gender, EF, heamoglobin values, TnI, lymphocytes count, IL-6 and use of TCZ can be considered as predisposing factors for CV involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Matteucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
| | | | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital 'Tor Vergata'
| | - Michela Bonanni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
| | | | - Matteo Matino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'
| | - Bartolomeo Zerillo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata'.,Division of Cardiology, University Hospital 'Tor Vergata'
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Beaulieu J, Costa G, Renaud J, Moitié A, Glémet H, Sergi D, Martinoli MG. The Neuroinflammatory and Neurotoxic Potential of Palmitic Acid Is Mitigated by Oleic Acid in Microglial Cells and Microglial-Neuronal Co-cultures. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3000-3014. [PMID: 33604780 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and is now accepted as a common molecular feature underpinning neuronal damage and death. Palmitic acid (PA) may represent one of the links between diet and neuroinflammation. The aims of this study were to assess whether PA induced toxicity in neuronal cells by modulating microglial inflammatory responses and/or by directly targeting neurons. We also determined the potential of oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid, to counteract inflammation and promote neuroprotection. We measured the ability of PA to induce the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), the induction of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signalling pathways, as well as the phosphorylation of c-Jun, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Finally, to determine whether PA exerted an indirect neurotoxic effect on neuronal cells, we employed a microglia-neuron co-culture paradigm where microglial cells communicate with neuronal cells in a paracrine fashion. Herein, we demonstrate that PA induces the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway and c-Jun phosphorylation in N9 microglia cells, in the absence of increased cytokine secretion. Moreover, our data illustrate that PA exerts an indirect as well as a direct neurotoxic role on neuronal PC12 cells and these effects are partially prevented by OA. These results are important to establish that PA interferes with neuronal homeostasis and suggest that dietary PA, when consumed in excess, may induce neuroinflammation and possibly concurs in the development of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Beaulieu
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Giulia Costa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neurosciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Justine Renaud
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Moitié
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Glémet
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition & Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Université Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, Canada.
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43
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Stonehouse W, Sergi D, Benassi-Evans B, James-Martin G, Johnson N, Thompson CH, Abeywardena M. Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:324-337. [PMID: 33381795 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of dietary fat quality on liver fat remain to be elucidated. Inconsistent evidence may be influenced by fatty acid saturation, chain-length, and regio-specificity within triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein (POo), cocoa butter (COB), and soybean oil (SBO) on liver fat concentration in healthy participants. Secondary outcomes included visceral (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous (aSCAT) adipose tissue, plus other obesity and cardiometabolic health outcomes. METHODS Eighty-three healthy participants (20-45 y, BMI 18.5-27.5 kg/m2) commenced and 64 completed a 16-wk randomized parallel intervention, preceded by a 2-wk run-in. Participants consumed identical eucaloric background diets differing in test fats [contributing 20% total energy intake (%E)], providing 33%E total fat with the following ratios for PUFAs/SFAs/MUFAs: POo, 4.2/13.5/15%E; SBO, 14.4/8.8/9.4%E; COB, 2.3/19.5/11%E. Liver fat and abdominal adiposity were measured at weeks 0 and 16 using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy/imaging; all other outcomes were measured at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 wk. RESULTS Fat quality did not affect liver fat concentration, VAT, aSCAT, obesity indexes, blood pressure, liver enzymes, leptin, or fasting glucose. Body fat mass decreased with SBO and COB compared with POo. SBO decreased serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, and TC:HDL cholesterol relative to POo [estimated marginal mean (95% CI) differences: -0.57 (-0.94, -0.20) mmol/L; -0.37 (-0.68, -0.07) mmol/L; and -0.42 (-0.73, -0.11) mmol/L, respectively]. No diet differences were observed on HDL cholesterol, TAG, apoA1, apoB, apoB:apoA1, or fecal free fatty acids (FFAs), except for lower FFA pentadecanoic acid (15:0) with COB than with SBO and POo. CONCLUSIONS In healthy adults, when consumed as part of eucaloric typical Australian diets, 3 different dietary fat sources did not differentially affect liver fat concentration and amounts of adipose tissue. Effects on serum lipids were inconsistent across lipid profiles. The findings must be confirmed in metabolically impaired individuals before recommendations can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welma Stonehouse
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bianca Benassi-Evans
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Genevieve James-Martin
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan Johnson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Boden Collaboration of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Campbell H Thompson
- Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mahinda Abeywardena
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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44
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Carboni F, Federici O, Sperduti I, Zazza S, Sergi D, Corona F, Valle M. Cytoreductive Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis from Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A 20-Year Single-Center Experience. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:523. [PMID: 33572964 PMCID: PMC7866406 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvement in treatments, the peritoneum remains the primary site of relapse in most ovarian cancer cases. Patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from epithelial ovarian cancer were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify survival rates and prognostic factors. This study included 158 patients. The procedure was mostly performed for recurrent disease (46.8%) and high-grade serous carcinoma (58.2%). The median peritoneal cancer index was 14, and complete cytoreduction was obtained in 87.9% of cases. Grade IV morbidity occurred in 15.2% of patients, mostly requiring surgical reoperation, and one patient (0.6%) died within 90 days. The median follow-up was 63.5 months. The Kaplan-Meier 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 42.1% and 24.3%, respectively. Multiple regression logistic analyses demonstrated that the completeness of cytoreduction (CC) score (p ≤ 0.0001), pancreatic resection (p ≤ 0.0001) and number of resections (p = 0.001) were significant factors influencing OS; whereas the CC score (p ≤ 0.0001) and diaphragmatic procedures (p = 0.01) were significant for DFS. The addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy to standard multimodality therapy may improve outcomes in both primary and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer without impairing early postoperative results, but the exact timing has not yet been established. Prospective randomized studies will clarify the role and indications of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carboni
- Peritoneal Tumours Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Orietta Federici
- Peritoneal Tumours Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistical Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Settimio Zazza
- Peritoneal Tumours Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Corona
- Peritoneal Tumours Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Mario Valle
- Peritoneal Tumours Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (M.V.)
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45
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Pellini R, Campo F, Sergi D, Cappuzzo F. Role of Pembrolizumab in recurrent or metastatic head and neck carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2020; 115:105133. [PMID: 33386236 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pellini
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Campo
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Goeman F, De Nicola F, Amoreo CA, Scalera S, Marinelli D, Sperati F, Mazzotta M, Terrenato I, Pallocca M, Ciuffreda L, Sperandio E, Barba M, Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Amodio A, Paoletti G, Krasniqi E, Vici P, Casini B, Gallo E, Buglioni S, Diodoro MG, Pescarmona E, Vitale I, De Maria R, Grazi GL, Ciliberto G, Fanciulli M, Maugeri-Saccà M. Multicohort and cross-platform validation of a prognostic Wnt signature in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e199. [PMID: 33377637 PMCID: PMC7770515 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Goeman
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Azzurra Amoreo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Marinelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperati
- Biostatistics Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzotta
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Terrenato
- Biostatistics-Scientific Direction, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ciuffreda
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sperandio
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Amodio
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Paoletti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Eriseld Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), IRCSS Candiolo, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Institute of General Pathology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Monaco C, Barone L, Stifano G, Magliano G, Cammalleri V, Geuna F, Sergi D, Romeo F. A local gentamicin-collagen sponge reduces cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections and pocket hematoma. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Implantation or replacement of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) may be associated with complications such as pocket hematoma and infections.
Purpose
The aim of this study is to determine whether a lyophilized collagen impact impregnated with the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin, applied according to the size of pocket into the surgical wound during implantation or replacement, reduces major CIED infections and pocket hematoma 12 months after the surgical intervention.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study including 1189 patients (mean age 77.45±9.83 y.o.), who underwent implantation or replacement of CIED in our center between June 2007 and November 2018. We compared 475 patients treated with the local gentamicin-collage sponge (group I) with 714 patients who did not receive it (group II). The primary endpoints were the reduction of infectious complications and pocket hematoma through 12 months of follow-up post procedure.
Results
Complications occurred in 127 of 1189 patients (10.68%): 102 of 1189 patients (8.58%) developed pocket hematoma, 20 of 1189 patients (1.68%) infectious events and 5 of 1189 patients (0.42%) both. Specifically, the rate of complications was lower in group I: pocket hematoma 0.63% vs 13.86% (p<0.001), infections 0.21% vs 2.6% (p=0.02), both 0% vs 0.7% (p=0.17). The study also shows a statistically significant major incidence of infectious complications in subjects undergoing implantation or replacement of ICD, compared to subjects undergoing implantation or replacement of PPM (5.59% vs 1.5%; p<0.05%).
Regarding the type of intervention and the incidence of complications within the subgroups, was demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of infections in de novo implant-group I subgroup compared to de novo implant-group II subgroup (0.5% vs 3.5%; p<0.05); a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of infectious complications was also observed in replacement-group I subgroup (0%) compared to replacement-group II subgroup (0% vs 1.4%; p<0.05). Similar results were demonstrated for the incidence of pocket hematoma, with a statistically significant reduction in de novo implant-group I subgroup compared to de novo implant-group II subgroup (0.5% vs 14.13%; p<0.05) and in replacement-group I subgroup compared to replacement-group II subgroup (1.4% vs 12.5%; p<0.05).
The association between therapy and development of hematoma was not statistically significant. The association between comorbidities and infectious complications in both groups was always statistically significant.
Conclusion
The local gentamicin-collagen sponge is a medical device which can be used in addition to local hemostasis and prophylactic doses of systemic antibiotics, with the aim of reducing infective complications and pocket hematoma after permanent CIED implantation or replacement.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- C Monaco
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - L Barone
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - G Stifano
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - G Magliano
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - V Cammalleri
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - F Geuna
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - D Sergi
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
| | - F Romeo
- Tor Vergata University Hospital Polyclinic, Rome, Italy
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48
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Acconcia MC, Caretta Q, Monzo L, Tanzilli G, Sili Scavalli A, Sergi D, Di Luozzo M, Marchei M, Chiocchi M, Romeo F, Gaudio C. Effectiveness of the new generation transcatheter aortic valve in the real life studies. Review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:8018-8027. [PMID: 31599427 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_19018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the meta-analysis was to assess post-procedural outcome of the new generation of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) devices, focusing on the transfemoral and balloon-expandable SAPIEN 3 (Edwards Lifesciences Inc., Irvine, CA, USA), the self-expanding CoreValveTM Evolut series R and PRO (R/PRO)TM (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) and ACURATE neoTM transcatheter aortic valve (Symetis SA, a Boston Scientific company, Ecublens, Switzerland). MATERIALS AND METHODS All observational studies were retrieved through PubMed computerized database from January 2014 until June 30th, 2019. The risk difference (RD) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention under comparison. The primary end point was 30-day mortality. Safety end points included: (i) stroke, (ii) moderate/severe paravalvular leak, and (iii) the need for new permanent pacemaker implantation. RESULTS Meta-analysis demonstrated no significant differences as regards to either 30-day mortality or stroke for all the groups of prostheses under comparison. ACURATE neo was associated with significantly less new permanent pacemaker implantation compared to SAPIEN 3 (RD: -0.06; 95% CI -0.08 to -0.03; p<0.0001; I2=0%) or to EVOLUT R/PRO (RD: -0.06; 95% CI -0.09 to -0.02; p=0.0009; I2=0%). A significant reduction of new permanent pacemaker need was observed in the group of patients implanted with SAPIEN 3 compared to EVOLUT R/PRO (RD: -0.07; 95% CI -0.09 to -0.04; p<0.00001; I2=7%). The occurrence of moderate/severe leak was significantly increased in the group of patients implanted with ACURATE neo vs. SAPIEN 3 (RD: 0.04; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.05; p<0.00001; I2=0%). No significant differences were found between ACURATE neo vs. EVOLUT R/PRO (RD: -0.01; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.02; p=0.69; I2=0%) and between SAPIEN 3 vs. EVOLUT R/PRO (RD: -0.01; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.01; p=0.28; I2=73%). CONCLUSIONS The results of the meta-analysis show that: (1) ACURATE neo was associated with significantly less new permanent pacemaker implantation than SAPIEN 3 and EVOLUT R/PRO; (2) SAPIEN 3 had significantly lower occurrence of moderate/severe valvular leak than ACURATE neo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Acconcia
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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49
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Abstract
Diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation, which leads to hypothalamic dysfunction and a loss of regulation of energy balance, is emerging as a potential driver of obesity. Excessive intake of long-chain saturated fatty acids is held to be the causative dietary component in hypothalamic inflammation. This review summarizes current evidence on the role of long-chain saturated fatty acids in promoting hypothalamic inflammation and the related induction of central insulin and leptin insensitivity. Particularly, the present review focuses on the molecular mechanisms linking long-chain saturated fatty acids and hypothalamic inflammation, emphasizing the metabolic fate of fatty acids and the resulting lipotoxicity, which is a key driver of hypothalamic dysfunction. In conclusion, long-chain saturated fatty acids are key nutrients that promote hypothalamic inflammation and dysfunction by fostering the build-up of lipotoxic lipid species, such as ceramide. Furthermore, when long-chain saturated fatty acids are consumed in combination with high levels of refined carbohydrates, the proinflammatory effects are exacerbated via a mechanism that relies on the formation of advanced glycation end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lynda M Williams
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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50
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Cammalleri V, Muscoli S, Benedetto D, Stifano G, Macrini M, Di Landro A, Di Luozzo M, Marchei M, Mariano EG, Cota L, Sergi D, Bezzeccheri A, Bonanni M, Baluci M, De Vico P, Romeo F. Who Has Seen Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction? First Results From Italian Real-World Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e017126. [PMID: 32901560 PMCID: PMC7792389 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background After the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, social isolation measures were introduced to contain infection. Although there is currently a slowing down of the infection, a reduction of hospitalizations, especially for myocardial infarction, was observed. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of the infectious disease on ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, through the analysis of recent cases of patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods and Results Consecutive patients affected by STEMI from March 1 to 31, 2020, during social restrictions of Italian government, were collected and compared with patients with STEMI treated during March 2019. During March 2020, we observed a 63% reduction of patients with STEMI who were admitted to our catheterization laboratory, when compared with the same period of 2019 (13 versus 35 patients). Changes in all time components of STEMI care were notably observed, particularly for longer median time in symptom‐to‐first medical contact, spoke‐to‐hub, and the cumulative symptom‐to‐wire delay. Procedural data and in‐hospital outcomes were similar between the 2 groups, whereas the length of hospitalization was longer in patients of 2020. In this group, we also observed higher levels of cardiac biomarkers and a worse left ventricular ejection fraction at baseline and discharge. Conclusions The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak induced a reduction of hospital access for STEMI with an increase in treatment delay, longer hospitalization, higher levels of cardiac biomarkers, and worse left ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saverio Muscoli
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | - Daniela Benedetto
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stifano
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | | | - Alessio Di Landro
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | - Marco Di Luozzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | - Massimo Marchei
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | | | - Linda Cota
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | | | - Michela Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | - Martino Baluci
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
| | | | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Tor Vergata University Rome Italy
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