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Sartorius AM, Rokicki J, Birkeland S, Bettella F, Barth C, de Lange AMG, Haram M, Shadrin A, Winterton A, Steen NE, Schwarz E, Stein DJ, Andreassen OA, van der Meer D, Westlye LT, Theofanopoulou C, Quintana DS. An evolutionary timeline of the oxytocin signaling pathway. Commun Biol 2024; 7:471. [PMID: 38632466 PMCID: PMC11024182 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide associated with both psychological and somatic processes like parturition and social bonding. Although oxytocin homologs have been identified in many species, the evolutionary timeline of the entire oxytocin signaling gene pathway has yet to be described. Using protein sequence similarity searches, microsynteny, and phylostratigraphy, we assigned the genes supporting the oxytocin pathway to different phylostrata based on when we found they likely arose in evolution. We show that the majority (64%) of genes in the pathway are 'modern'. Most of the modern genes evolved around the emergence of vertebrates or jawed vertebrates (540 - 530 million years ago, 'mya'), including OXTR, OXT and CD38. Of those, 45% were under positive selection at some point during vertebrate evolution. We also found that 18% of the genes in the oxytocin pathway are 'ancient', meaning their emergence dates back to cellular organisms and opisthokonta (3500-1100 mya). The remaining genes (18%) that evolved after ancient and before modern genes were classified as 'medium-aged'. Functional analyses revealed that, in humans, medium-aged oxytocin pathway genes are highly expressed in contractile organs, while modern genes in the oxytocin pathway are primarily expressed in the brain and muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Sartorius
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre of Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siri Birkeland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claudia Barth
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marit Haram
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Health and Suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adriano Winterton
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Hector Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dan J Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Daniel S Quintana
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Reponen EJ, Ueland T, Rokicki J, Bettella F, Aas M, Werner MCF, Dieset I, Steen NE, Andreassen OA, Tesli M. Polygenic risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in relation to cardiovascular biomarkers. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023:10.1007/s00406-023-01591-0. [PMID: 37145175 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and a range of biomarkers related to CVD risk have been found to be abnormal in these patients. Common genetic factors are a putative underlying mechanism, alongside lifestyle factors and antipsychotic medication. However, the extent to which the altered CVD biomarkers are related to genetic factors involved in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is unknown. In a sample including 699 patients with schizophrenia, 391 with bipolar disorder, and 822 healthy controls, we evaluated 8 CVD risk biomarkers, including BMI, and fasting plasma levels of CVD biomarkers from a subsample. Polygenic risk scores (PGRS) were obtained from genome-wide associations studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The CVD biomarkers were used as outcome variables in linear regression models including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder PGRS as predictors, age, sex, diagnostic category, batch and 10 principal components as covariates, controlling for multiple testing by Bonferroni correction for the number of independent tests. Bipolar disorder PGRS was significantly (p = 0.03) negatively associated with BMI after multiple testing correction, and schizophrenia PGRS was nominally negatively associated with BMI. There were no other significant associations between bipolar or schizophrenia PGRS, and other investigated CVD biomarkers. Despite a range of abnormal CVD risk biomarkers in psychotic disorders, we only found a significant negative association between bipolar disorder PGRS and BMI. This has previously been shown for schizophrenia PGRS and BMI, and warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina J Reponen
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica Aas
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Health Research and Development, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Maren C F Werner
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Dieset
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Acute Psychiatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils E Steen
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Tesli
- NORMENT, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, N- 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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van der Meer D, Shadrin AA, O'Connell K, Bettella F, Djurovic S, Wolfers T, Alnæs D, Agartz I, Smeland OB, Melle I, Sánchez JM, Linden DEJ, Dale AM, Westlye LT, Andreassen OA, Frei O, Kaufmann T. Boosting Schizophrenia Genetics by Utilizing Genetic Overlap With Brain Morphology. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:291-298. [PMID: 35164939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a complex polygenic disorder with subtle, distributed abnormalities in brain morphology. There are indications of shared genetic architecture between schizophrenia and brain measures despite low genetic correlations. Through the use of analytical methods that allow for mixed directions of effects, this overlap may be leveraged to improve our understanding of underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia and enrich polygenic risk prediction outcome. METHODS We ran a multivariate genome-wide analysis of 175 brain morphology measures using data from 33,735 participants of the UK Biobank and analyzed the results in a conditional false discovery rate together with schizophrenia genome-wide association study summary statistics of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) Wave 3. We subsequently created a pleiotropy-enriched polygenic score based on the loci identified through the conditional false discovery rate approach and used this to predict schizophrenia in a nonoverlapping sample of 743 individuals with schizophrenia and 1074 healthy controls. RESULTS We found that 20% of the loci and 50% of the genes significantly associated with schizophrenia were also associated with brain morphology. The conditional false discovery rate analysis identified 428 loci, including 267 novel loci, significantly associated with brain-linked schizophrenia risk, with functional annotation indicating high relevance for brain tissue. The pleiotropy-enriched polygenic score explained more variance in liability than conventional polygenic scores across several scenarios. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate strong genetic overlap between schizophrenia and brain morphology with mixed directions of effect. The results also illustrate the potential of exploiting polygenetic overlap between brain morphology and mental disorders to boost discovery of brain tissue-specific genetic variants and its use in polygenic risk frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Alexey A Shadrin
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin O'Connell
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer Monereo Sánchez
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - David E J Linden
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Tortora S, Beraldo G, Bettella F, Formaggio E, Rubega M, Del Felice A, Masiero S, Carli R, Petrone N, Menegatti E, Tonin L. Neural correlates of user learning during long-term BCI training for the Cybathlon competition. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2022; 19:69. [PMID: 35790978 PMCID: PMC9254548 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-022-01047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are systems capable of translating human brain patterns, measured through electroencephalography (EEG), into commands for an external device. Despite the great advances in machine learning solutions to enhance the performance of BCI decoders, the translational impact of this technology remains elusive. The reliability of BCIs is often unsatisfactory for end-users, limiting their application outside a laboratory environment. Methods We present the analysis on the data acquired from an end-user during the preparation for two Cybathlon competitions, where our pilot won the gold medal twice in a row. These data are of particular interest given the mutual learning approach adopted during the longitudinal training phase (8 months), the long training break in between the two events (1 year) and the demanding evaluation scenario. A multifaceted perspective on long-term user learning is proposed: we enriched the information gathered through conventional metrics (e.g., accuracy, application performances) by investigating novel neural correlates of learning in different neural domains. Results First, we showed that by focusing the training on user learning, the pilot was capable of significantly improving his performance over time even with infrequent decoder re-calibrations. Second, we revealed that the analysis of the within-class modifications of the pilot’s neural patterns in the Riemannian domain is more effective in tracking the acquisition and the stabilization of BCI skills, especially after the 1-year break. These results further confirmed the key role of mutual learning in the acquisition of BCI skills, and particularly highlighted the importance of user learning as a key to enhance BCI reliability. Conclusion We firmly believe that our work may open new perspectives and fuel discussions in the BCI field to shift the focus of future research: not only to the machine learning of the decoder, but also in investigating novel training procedures to boost the user learning and the stability of the BCI skills in the long-term. To this end, the analyses and the metrics proposed could be used to monitor the user learning during training and provide a marker guiding the decoder re-calibration to maximize the mutual adaptation of the user to the BCI system. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12984-022-01047-x.
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Krull F, Akkouh I, Hughes T, Bettella F, Athanasiu L, Smeland OB, O'Connell KS, Brattbakk HR, Steen VM, Steen NE, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Dose-dependent transcriptional effects of lithium and adverse effect burden in a psychiatric cohort. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110408. [PMID: 34320404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lithium is the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), but there is a large variation in response rate and adverse effects. Although the molecular effects of lithium have been studied extensively, the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear. In particular, the molecular changes underlying lithium adverse effects are little known. Multiple linear regression analyses of lithium serum concentrations and global gene expression levels in whole blood were carried out using a large case-control sample (n = 1450). Self-reported adverse effects of lithium were assessed with the "Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser" (UKU) adverse effect rating scale, and regression analysis was used to identify significant associations between lithium-related genes and six of the most common adverse effects. Serum concentrations of lithium were significantly associated with the expression levels of 52 genes (FDR < 0.01), largely replicating previous results. We found 32 up-regulated genes and 20 down-regulated genes in lithium users compared to non-users. The down-regulated gene set was enriched for several processes related to the translational machinery. Two adverse effects were significantly associated (p < 0.01) with three or more lithium-associated genes: tremor (FAM13A-AS1, FAR2, ITGAX, RWDD1, and STARD10) and xerostomia (ANKRD13A, FAR2, RPS8, and RWDD1). The adverse effect association with the largest effect was between CAMK1D expression and nausea/vomiting. These results suggest putative transcriptional mechanisms that may predict lithium adverse effects, and could thus have a large potential for informing clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Krull
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ibrahim Akkouh
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Nordengen K, Pålhaugen L, Bettella F, Bahrami S, Selnes P, Jarholm J, Athanasiu L, Shadrin A, Andreassen OA, Fladby T. Phenotype‐informed polygenic risk scores are associated with worse outcome in individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease. Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo 2022; 14:e12350. [PMID: 35991219 PMCID: PMC9376972 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Patients with predementia Alzheimer's disease (AD) and at‐risk subjects are targets for promising disease‐modifying treatments, and improved polygenic risk scores (PRSs) could improve early‐stage case selection. Methods Phenotype‐informed PRSs were developed by selecting AD‐associated variants conditional on relevant inflammatory or cardiovascular traits. The primary outcome was longitudinal changes in measures of AD pathology, namely development of pathological amyloid deposition, medial temporal lobe atrophy, and cognitive decline in a prospective cohort study including 394 adults without AD dementia. Results High‐risk groups defined by phenotype‐informed AD PRSs had significantly steeper volume decline in medial temporal cortices, and the high‐risk group defined by the cardiovascular‐informed AD PRS had significantly increased hazard ratio of pathological amyloid deposition, compared to low‐risk groups. Discussion AD PRSs informed by inflammatory disorders or cardiovascular risk factors and diseases are associated with development of AD pathology markers and may improve identification of subjects at risk for progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Nordengen
- Department of Neurology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Lene Pålhaugen
- Department of Neurology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Per Selnes
- Department of Neurology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Jonas Jarholm
- Department of Neurology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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Winterton A, Bettella F, de Lange AMG, Haram M, Steen NE, Westlye LT, Andreassen OA, Quintana DS. Oxytocin-pathway polygenic scores for severe mental disorders and metabolic phenotypes in the UK Biobank. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:599. [PMID: 34824196 PMCID: PMC8616952 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuromodulator and hormone that is typically associated with social cognition and behavior. In light of its purported effects on social cognition and behavior, research has investigated its potential as a treatment for psychiatric illnesses characterized by social dysfunction, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. While the results of these trials have been mixed, more recent evidence suggests that the oxytocin system is also linked with cardiometabolic conditions for which individuals with severe mental disorders are at a higher risk for developing. To investigate whether the oxytocin system has a pleiotropic effect on the etiology of severe mental illness and cardiometabolic conditions, we explored oxytocin's role in the shared genetic liability of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, type-2 diabetes, and several phenotypes linked with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk using a polygenic pathway-specific approach. Analysis of a large sample with about 480,000 individuals (UK Biobank) revealed statistically significant associations across the range of phenotypes analyzed. By comparing these effects to those of polygenic scores calculated from 100 random gene sets, we also demonstrated the specificity of many of these significant results. Altogether, our results suggest that the shared effect of oxytocin-system dysfunction could help partially explain the co-occurrence of social and cardiometabolic dysfunction in severe mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Winterton
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G de Lange
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marit Haram
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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O'Connell KS, Shadrin A, Bahrami S, Smeland OB, Bettella F, Frei O, Krull F, Askeland RB, Walters GB, Davíðsdóttir K, Haraldsdóttir GS, Guðmundsson ÓÓ, Stefánsson H, Fan CC, Steen NE, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Dale AM, Stefánsson K, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Identification of genetic overlap and novel risk loci for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4055-4065. [PMID: 31792363 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Differential diagnosis between childhood onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BD) remains a challenge, mainly due to overlapping symptoms and high rates of comorbidity. Despite this, genetic correlation reported for these disorders is low and non-significant. Here we aimed to better characterize the genetic architecture of these disorders utilizing recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We analyzed independent GWAS summary statistics for ADHD (19,099 cases and 34,194 controls) and BD (20,352 cases and 31,358 controls) applying the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (condFDR/conjFDR) statistical framework that increases the power to detect novel phenotype-specific and shared loci by leveraging the combined power of two GWAS. We observed cross-trait polygenic enrichment for ADHD conditioned on associations with BD, and vice versa. Leveraging this enrichment, we identified 19 novel ADHD risk loci and 40 novel BD risk loci at condFDR <0.05. Further, we identified five loci jointly associated with ADHD and BD (conjFDR < 0.05). Interestingly, these five loci show concordant directions of effect for ADHD and BD. These results highlight a shared underlying genetic risk for ADHD and BD which may help to explain the high comorbidity rates and difficulties in differentiating between ADHD and BD in the clinic. Improving our understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of these disorders may aid in the development of novel stratification tools to help reduce these diagnostic difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Krull
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragna B Askeland
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Katrín Davíðsdóttir
- The Centre for Child Development and Behaviour, Capital Area Primary Health Care, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gyða S Haraldsdóttir
- The Centre for Child Development and Behaviour, Capital Area Primary Health Care, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ólafur Ó Guðmundsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Chun C Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kári Stefánsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway. .,Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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9
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Córdova-Palomera A, van der Meer D, Kaufmann T, Bettella F, Wang Y, Alnæs D, Doan NT, Agartz I, Bertolino A, Buitelaar JK, Coynel D, Djurovic S, Dørum ES, Espeseth T, Fazio L, Franke B, Frei O, Håberg A, Le Hellard S, Jönsson EG, Kolskår KK, Lund MJ, Moberget T, Nordvik JE, Nyberg L, Papassotiropoulos A, Pergola G, de Quervain D, Rampino A, Richard G, Rokicki J, Sanders AM, Schwarz E, Smeland OB, Steen VM, Starrfelt J, Sønderby IE, Ulrichsen KM, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Genetic control of variability in subcortical and intracranial volumes. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3876-3883. [PMID: 32047264 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sensitivity to external demands is essential for adaptation to dynamic environments, but comes at the cost of increased risk of adverse outcomes when facing poor environmental conditions. Here, we apply a novel methodology to perform genome-wide association analysis of mean and variance in ten key brain features (accumbens, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen, thalamus, intracranial volume, cortical surface area, and cortical thickness), integrating genetic and neuroanatomical data from a large lifespan sample (n = 25,575 individuals; 8-89 years, mean age 51.9 years). We identify genetic loci associated with phenotypic variability in thalamus volume and cortical thickness. The variance-controlling loci involved genes with a documented role in brain and mental health and were not associated with the mean anatomical volumes. This proof-of-principle of the hypothesis of a genetic regulation of brain volume variability contributes to establishing the genetic basis of phenotypic variance (i.e., heritability), allows identifying different degrees of brain robustness across individuals, and opens new research avenues in the search for mechanisms controlling brain and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.,NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Institute of Psychiatry, Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy.,Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David Coynel
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend S Dørum
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | | | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Franke
- Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asta Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Knut K Kolskår
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Martina J Lund
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Papassotiropoulos
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Molecular Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Life Sciences Training Facility, Department Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Dominique de Quervain
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Genevieve Richard
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Marthe Sanders
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. E. Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jostein Starrfelt
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida E Sønderby
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine M Ulrichsen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Bahrami S, Hindley G, Winsvold BS, O'Connell KS, Frei O, Shadrin A, Cheng W, Bettella F, Rødevand L, Odegaard KJ, Fan CC, Pirinen MJ, Hautakangas HM, Headache HAI, Dale AM, Djurovic S, Smeland OB, Andreassen OA. Dissecting the shared genetic basis of migraine and mental disorders using novel statistical tools. Brain 2021; 145:142-153. [PMID: 34273149 PMCID: PMC8967089 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is three times more prevalent in people with bipolar disorder or depression. The relationship between schizophrenia and migraine is less certain although glutamatergic and serotonergic neurotransmission are implicated in both. A shared genetic basis to migraine and mental disorders has been suggested but previous studies have reported weak or non-significant genetic correlations and five shared risk loci. Using the largest samples to date and novel statistical tools, we aimed to determine the extent to which migraine’s polygenic architecture overlaps with bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia beyond genetic correlation, and to identify shared genetic loci. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies were acquired from large-scale consortia for migraine (n cases = 59 674; n controls = 316 078), bipolar disorder (n cases = 20 352; n controls = 31 358), depression (n cases = 170 756; n controls = 328 443) and schizophrenia (n cases = 40 675, n controls = 64 643). We applied the bivariate causal mixture model to estimate the number of disorder-influencing variants shared between migraine and each mental disorder, and the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate method to identify shared loci. Loci were functionally characterized to provide biological insights. Univariate MiXeR analysis revealed that migraine was substantially less polygenic (2.8 K disorder-influencing variants) compared to mental disorders (8100–12 300 disorder-influencing variants). Bivariate analysis estimated that 800 (SD = 300), 2100 (SD = 100) and 2300 (SD = 300) variants were shared between bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia, respectively. There was also extensive overlap with intelligence (1800, SD = 300) and educational attainment (2100, SD = 300) but not height (1000, SD = 100). We next identified 14 loci jointly associated with migraine and depression and 36 loci jointly associated with migraine and schizophrenia, with evidence of consistent genetic effects in independent samples. No loci were associated with migraine and bipolar disorder. Functional annotation mapped 37 and 298 genes to migraine and each of depression and schizophrenia, respectively, including several novel putative migraine genes such as L3MBTL2, CACNB2 and SLC9B1. Gene-set analysis identified several putative gene sets enriched with mapped genes including transmembrane transport in migraine and schizophrenia. Most migraine-influencing variants were predicted to influence depression and schizophrenia, although a minority of mental disorder-influencing variants were shared with migraine due to the difference in polygenicity. Similar overlap with other brain-related phenotypes suggests this represents a pool of ‘pleiotropic’ variants that influence vulnerability to diverse brain-related disorders and traits. We also identified specific loci shared between migraine and each of depression and schizophrenia, implicating shared molecular mechanisms and highlighting candidate migraine genes for experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Guy Hindley
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK
| | - Bendik Slagsvold Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.,Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, PO box 1080, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Weiqiu Cheng
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Rødevand
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ketil J Odegaard
- NORMENT, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Chun C Fan
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matti J Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heidi M Hautakangas
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hunt All-In Headache
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
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11
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Shadrin AA, Frei O, Smeland OB, Bettella F, O'Connell KS, Gani O, Bahrami S, Uggen TKE, Djurovic S, Holland D, Andreassen OA, Dale AM. Phenotype-specific differences in polygenicity and effect size distribution across functional annotation categories revealed by AI-MiXeR. Bioinformatics 2021; 36:4749-4756. [PMID: 32539089 PMCID: PMC7750998 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Determining the relative contributions of functional genetic categories is fundamental to understanding the genetic etiology of complex human traits and diseases. Here, we present Annotation Informed-MiXeR, a likelihood-based method for estimating the number of variants influencing a phenotype and their effect sizes across different functional annotation categories of the genome using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies. Results Extensive simulations demonstrate that the model is valid for a broad range of genetic architectures. The model suggests that complex human phenotypes substantially differ in the number of causal variants, their localization in the genome and their effect sizes. Specifically, the exons of protein-coding genes harbor more than 90% of variants influencing type 2 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease, making them good candidates for whole-exome studies. In contrast, <10% of the causal variants for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are located in protein-coding exons, indicating a more substantial role of regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of these disorders. Availability and implementation The software is available at: https://github.com/precimed/mixer. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Shadrin
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo 0373, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Osman Gani
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Tea K E Uggen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.,NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - Dominic Holland
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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12
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Mason BS, Altmann VC, Hutchinson MJ, Petrone N, Bettella F, Goosey-Tolfrey VL. Optimising classification of proximal arm strength impairment in wheelchair rugby: A proof of concept study. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:132-139. [PMID: 33541213 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1883291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between proximal arm strength and mobility performance in wheelchair rugby (WR) athletes and examined whether a valid structure for classifying proximal arm strength impairment could be determined. Fifty-seven trained WR athletes with strength impaired arms and no trunk function performed six upper body isometric strength tests and three 10 m sprints in their rugby wheelchair. All strength measures correlated with 2 m and 10 m sprint times (r ≥ -0.43; p ≤ 0.0005) and were entered into k-means cluster analyses with 4-clusters (to mirror the current International Wheelchair Rugby Federation [IWRF] system) and 3-clusters. The 3-cluster structure provided a more valid structure than both the 4-cluster and existing IWRF system, as evidenced by clearer differences in strength (Effect sizes [ES] ≥ 1.0) and performance (ES ≥ 1.1) between adjacent clusters and stronger mean silhouette coefficient (0.64). Subsequently, the 3-cluster structure for classifying proximal arm strength impairment would result in less overlap between athletes from adjacent classes and reduce the likelihood of athletes being disadvantaged due to their impairment. This study demonstrated that the current battery of isometric strength tests and cluster analyses could facilitate the evidence-based development of classifying proximal arm strength impairment in WR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry S Mason
- Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK
| | - Viola C Altmann
- Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK.,Rehabilitation Medical Center Groot Klimmendaal, The Netherlands
| | - Michael J Hutchinson
- Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK
| | - Nicola Petrone
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Victoria L Goosey-Tolfrey
- Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK
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Haukvik UK, Gurholt TP, Nerland S, Elvsåshagen T, Akudjedu TN, Alda M, Alnæs D, Alonso‐Lana S, Bauer J, Baune BT, Benedetti F, Berk M, Bettella F, Bøen E, Bonnín CM, Brambilla P, Canales‐Rodríguez EJ, Cannon DM, Caseras X, Dandash O, Dannlowski U, Delvecchio G, Díaz‐Zuluaga AM, Erp TGM, Fatjó‐Vilas M, Foley SF, Förster K, Fullerton JM, Goikolea JM, Grotegerd D, Gruber O, Haarman BCM, Haatveit B, Hajek T, Hallahan B, Harris M, Hawkins EL, Howells FM, Hülsmann C, Jahanshad N, Jørgensen KN, Kircher T, Krämer B, Krug A, Kuplicki R, Lagerberg TV, Lancaster TM, Lenroot RK, Lonning V, López‐Jaramillo C, Malt UF, McDonald C, McIntosh AM, McPhilemy G, Meer D, Melle I, Melloni EMT, Mitchell PB, Nabulsi L, Nenadić I, Oertel V, Oldani L, Opel N, Otaduy MCG, Overs BJ, Pineda‐Zapata JA, Pomarol‐Clotet E, Radua J, Rauer L, Redlich R, Repple J, Rive MM, Roberts G, Ruhe HG, Salminen LE, Salvador R, Sarró S, Savitz J, Schene AH, Sim K, Soeiro‐de‐Souza MG, Stäblein M, Stein DJ, Stein F, Tamnes CK, Temmingh HS, Thomopoulos SI, Veltman DJ, Vieta E, Waltemate L, Westlye LT, Whalley HC, Sämann PG, Thompson PM, Ching CRK, Andreassen OA, Agartz I. In vivo hippocampal subfield volumes in bipolar disorder—A mega‐analysis from The Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through
Meta‐Analysis
Bipolar Disorder Working Group. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 43:385-398. [PMID: 33073925 PMCID: PMC8675404 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus consists of anatomically and functionally distinct subfields that may be differentially involved in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Here we, the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis Bipolar Disorder workinggroup, study hippocampal subfield volumetry in BD. T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans from 4,698 individuals (BD = 1,472, healthy controls [HC] = 3,226) from 23 sites worldwide were processed with FreeSurfer. We used linear mixed‐effects models and mega‐analysis to investigate differences in hippocampal subfield volumes between BD and HC, followed by analyses of clinical characteristics and medication use. BD showed significantly smaller volumes of the whole hippocampus (Cohen's d = −0.20), cornu ammonis (CA)1 (d = −0.18), CA2/3 (d = −0.11), CA4 (d = −0.19), molecular layer (d = −0.21), granule cell layer of dentate gyrus (d = −0.21), hippocampal tail (d = −0.10), subiculum (d = −0.15), presubiculum (d = −0.18), and hippocampal amygdala transition area (d = −0.17) compared to HC. Lithium users did not show volume differences compared to HC, while non‐users did. Antipsychotics or antiepileptic use was associated with smaller volumes. In this largest study of hippocampal subfields in BD to date, we show widespread reductions in nine of 12 subfields studied. The associations were modulated by medication use and specifically the lack of differences between lithium users and HC supports a possible protective role of lithium in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unn K. Haukvik
- Department of Adult Mental Health Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Tiril P. Gurholt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Stener Nerland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Department of Neurology Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Theophilus N. Akudjedu
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University Bournemouth UK
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- National Institute of Mental Health Klecany Czech Republic
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Silvia Alonso‐Lana
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Institute of Clinical Radiology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Bernhard T. Baune
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
- Department of Psychiatry Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy
- University Vita‐Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University IMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health Geelong Victoria Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Centre for Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Erlend Bøen
- Psychosomatic and CL Psychiatry Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Caterina M. Bonnín
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive Unit Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy
| | | | - Dara M. Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Xavier Caseras
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Department of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK
| | - Orwa Dandash
- Brain, Mind and Society Research Hub, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Ana M. Díaz‐Zuluaga
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Antioquia Colombia
| | - Theo G. M. Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior University of California Irvine Irvine California USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning University of California Irvine and Memory Irvine California USA
| | - Mar Fatjó‐Vilas
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
| | - Sonya F. Foley
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC) Cardiff University Cardiff UK
| | | | - Janice M. Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia Randwick New South Wales Australia
- School of Medical Sciences The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - José M. Goikolea
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive Unit Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Bartholomeus C. M. Haarman
- Department of Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Beathe Haatveit
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Tomas Hajek
- Department of Psychiatry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- National Institute of Mental Health Klecany Czech Republic
| | - Brian Hallahan
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Mathew Harris
- Division of Psychiatry University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | | | - Fleur M. Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health University of Cape Town Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Carina Hülsmann
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Kjetil N. Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior (CMBB) Marburg Germany
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior (CMBB) Marburg Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa Oklahoma USA
| | - Trine V. Lagerberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Thomas M. Lancaster
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC) Cardiff University Cardiff UK
- School of Psychology Bath University Bath UK
| | - Rhoshel K. Lenroot
- Neuroscience Research Australia Randwick New South Wales Australia
- School of Psychiatry University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Vera Lonning
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Carlos López‐Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Antioquia Colombia
- Mood Disorders Program Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación Medellín Antioquia Colombia
| | - Ulrik F. Malt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | | | - Genevieve McPhilemy
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Dennis Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Elisa M. T. Melloni
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy
- University Vita‐Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy
| | - Philip B. Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Black Dog Institute Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Leila Nabulsi
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior (CMBB) Marburg Germany
| | - Viola Oertel
- Department of Psychiatry Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Lucio Oldani
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Maria C. G. Otaduy
- LIM44, Department of Radiology and Oncology University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bronwyn J. Overs
- Neuroscience Research Australia Randwick New South Wales Australia
| | - Julian A. Pineda‐Zapata
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Antioquia Colombia
- Research Group Instituto de Alta Tecnología Médica Medellín Antioquia Colombia
| | | | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychosis Studies Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London London UK
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Lisa Rauer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Maria M. Rive
- Psychiatry Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gloria Roberts
- School of Psychiatry University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Black Dog Institute Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Henricus G. Ruhe
- Psychiatry Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior Radboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry Radboudumc Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Lauren E. Salminen
- Imaging Genetics Center USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
| | - Salvador Sarró
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa Oklahoma USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences The University of Tulsa Tulsa Oklahoma USA
| | - Aart H. Schene
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior Radboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry Radboudumc Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region/Institute of Mental Health Singapore Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine/National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine/Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Michael Stäblein
- Department of Psychiatry Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health University of Cape Town Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Philipps‐University Marburg Marburg Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior (CMBB) Marburg Germany
| | - Christian K. Tamnes
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Henk S. Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health University of Cape Town Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
- General Adult Psychiatry Division Valkenberg Hospital Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Hospital Clinic University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Lena Waltemate
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychology University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | | | | | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Christopher R. K. Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Marina del Rey California USA
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
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O'Connell KS, Shadrin A, Smeland OB, Bahrami S, Frei O, Bettella F, Krull F, Fan CC, Askeland RB, Knudsen GPS, Halmøy A, Steen NE, Ueland T, Walters GB, Davíðsdóttir K, Haraldsdóttir GS, Guðmundsson ÓÓ, Stefánsson H, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Haavik J, Dale AM, Stefánsson K, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Identification of Genetic Loci Shared Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Intelligence, and Educational Attainment. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:1052-1062. [PMID: 32061372 PMCID: PMC7255939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is consistently associated with lower levels of educational attainment. A recent large genome-wide association study identified common gene variants associated with ADHD, but most of the genetic architecture remains unknown. METHODS We analyzed independent genome-wide association study summary statistics for ADHD (19,099 cases and 34,194 controls), educational attainment (N = 842,499), and general intelligence (N = 269,867) using a conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (FDR) statistical framework that increases power of discovery by conditioning the FDR on overlapping associations. The genetic variants identified were characterized in terms of function, expression, and biological processes. RESULTS We identified 58 linkage disequilibrium-independent ADHD-associated loci (conditional FDR < 0.01), of which 30 were shared between ADHD and educational attainment or general intelligence (conjunctional FDR < 0.01) and 46 were novel risk loci for ADHD. CONCLUSIONS These results expand on previous genetic and epidemiological studies and support the hypothesis of a shared genetic basis between these phenotypes. Although the clinical utility of the identified loci remains to be determined, they can be used as resources to guide future studies aiming to disentangle the complex etiologies of ADHD, educational attainment, and general intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S O'Connell
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Krull
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chun C Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ragna B Askeland
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gun Peggy S Knudsen
- Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Halmøy
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Katrín Davíðsdóttir
- The Centre for Child Development and Behaviour, Capital Area Primary Health Care, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gyða S Haraldsdóttir
- The Centre for Child Development and Behaviour, Capital Area Primary Health Care, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ólafur Ó Guðmundsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Haavik
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kári Stefánsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Bahrami S, Steen NE, Shadrin A, O’Connell K, Frei O, Bettella F, Wirgenes KV, Krull F, Fan CC, Dale AM, Smeland OB, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Shared Genetic Loci Between Body Mass Index and Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Genome-wide Association Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2020; 77:503-512. [PMID: 31913414 PMCID: PMC6990967 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Importance People with major psychiatric disorders (MPDs) have a 10- to 20-year shorter life span than the rest of the population, and this difference is mainly due to comorbid cardiovascular diseases. Genome-wide association studies have identified common variants involved in schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BIP), and major depression (MD) and body mass index (BMI), a key cardiometabolic risk factor. However, genetic variants jointly influencing MPD and BMI remain largely unknown. Objective To assess the extent of the overlap between the genetic architectures of MPDs and BMI and identify genetic loci shared between them. Design, Setting, and Participants Using a conditional false discovery rate statistical framework, independent genome-wide association study data on individuals with SCZ (n = 82 315), BIP (n = 51 710), MD (n = 480 359), and BMI (n = 795 640) were analyzed. The UK Biobank cohort (n = 29 740) was excluded from the MD data set to avoid sample overlap. Data were collected from August 2017 to May 2018, and analysis began July 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were a list of genetic loci shared between BMI and MPDs and their functional pathways. Results Genome-wide association study data from 1 380 284 participants were analyzed, and the genetic correlation between BMI and MPDs varied (SCZ: r for genetic = -0.11, P = 2.1 × 10-10; BIP: r for genetic = -0.06, P = .0103; MD: r for genetic = 0.12, P = 6.7 × 10-10). Overall, 63, 17, and 32 loci shared between BMI and SCZ, BIP, and MD, respectively, were analyzed at conjunctional false discovery rate less than 0.01. Of the shared loci, 34% (73 of 213) in SCZ, 52% (36 of 69) in BIP, and 57% (56 of 99) in MD had risk alleles associated with higher BMI (conjunctional false discovery rate <0.05), while the rest had opposite directions of associations. Functional analyses indicated that the overlapping loci are involved in several pathways including neurodevelopment, neurotransmitter signaling, and intracellular processes, and the loci with concordant and opposite association directions pointed mostly to different pathways. Conclusions and Relevance In this genome-wide association study, extensive polygenic overlap between BMI and SCZ, BIP, and MD were found, and 111 shared genetic loci were identified, implicating novel functional mechanisms. There was mixture of association directions in SCZ and BMI, albeit with a preponderance of discordant ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin O’Connell
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Florian Krull
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chun C. Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Lyngstad SH, Bettella F, Aminoff SR, Athanasiu L, Andreassen OA, Faerden A, Melle I. Associations between schizophrenia polygenic risk and apathy in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy controls. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2020; 141:452-464. [PMID: 32091622 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apathy is a central predictor of a poor functional outcome in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are used to detect genetic associations to key clinical phenotypes in schizophrenia. We explored the associations between schizophrenia PRS and apathy levels in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 281) and matched healthy controls (n = 298), and further how schizophrenia PRS contributed in predicting apathy when added to premorbid and clinical factors in the patient sample. METHOD Schizophrenia PRSs were computed for each participant. Apathy was assessed with the Apathy Evaluation Scale. Bivariate correlation analyses were used to investigate associations between schizophrenia PRS and apathy, and between apathy and premorbid and clinical factors. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were employed to evaluate the contributions of clinical variables and schizophrenia PRS to apathy levels. RESULTS We found no significant associations between schizophrenia PRS and apathy in patients and healthy controls. Several premorbid and clinical characteristics significantly predicted apathy in patients, but schizophrenia PRS did not. CONCLUSION Since the PRSs are based on common genetic variants, our results do not preclude associations to other types of genetic factors. The results could also indicate that environmentally based biological or psychological factors contribute to apathy levels in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lyngstad
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - F Bettella
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S R Aminoff
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Athanasiu
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - O A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Faerden
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Acute Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - I Melle
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Franchin SM, Giordani F, Tonellato M, Benazzato M, Marcolin G, Sacerdoti P, Bettella F, Musumeci A, Petrone N, Masiero S. Kinematic bidimensional analysis of the propulsion technique in wheelchair rugby athletes. Eur J Transl Myol 2020; 30:8902. [PMID: 32499896 PMCID: PMC7254415 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheelchair rugby is a sport ideated for individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) which is extremely important for maintaining their neuromuscular abilities and improving their social and psychological wellbeing. However, due to the frequent changes in direction and speed it considerably stresses the players’ upper limbs. 13 athletes have undergone two sports-related tests on an inertial drum bench and several kinematic parameters have been registered. Most athletes use a semi-circular pattern which is considered protective for the upper limb. With increasing speed, range of motion (ROM) increases. Release angles increment and contact angles reduce, displacing the push angle forward to increase speed. Instead, the more anterior late push angle used to increase velocity is a factor which further loads the shoulder joint. However, other factors affecting propulsion technique, such as posture and wheelchair set up should be studied to further reduce loading on the upper limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maria Franchin
- Physical medicine and rehabilitation School, Neuroscience Department, Padova University, Italy
| | - Federico Giordani
- Physical medicine and rehabilitation School, Neuroscience Department, Padova University, Italy
| | - Michele Tonellato
- Physical medicine and rehabilitation School, Neuroscience Department, Padova University, Italy
| | - Michael Benazzato
- Sports and Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Padova University, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marcolin
- Sports and Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Padova University, Italy
| | - Paolo Sacerdoti
- Sports and Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Padova University, Italy
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Sports and Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Padova University, Italy
| | - Alfredo Musumeci
- Physical medicine and rehabilitation School, Neuroscience Department, Padova University, Italy
| | - Nicola Petrone
- Sports and Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Padova University, Italy
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Physical medicine and rehabilitation School, Neuroscience Department, Padova University, Italy
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18
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Aas M, Bellivier F, Bettella F, Henry C, Gard S, Kahn JP, Lagerberg TV, Aminoff SR, Melle I, Leboyer M, Jamain S, Andreassen OA, Etain B. Childhood maltreatment and polygenic risk in bipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord 2020; 22:174-181. [PMID: 31628696 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment is a well-known risk factor for developing a more severe and complex form of bipolar disorders (BD). However, knowledge is scarce about the interactions between childhood maltreatment and underlying genetic vulnerability on the clinical expression of BD. METHOD We assigned a BD-polygenic risk score (BD-PRS), calculated from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, to each individual in a sample of 402 cases with BD. The lifetime clinical expression of BD was characterized using structured interviews and patients completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to assess the severity of childhood maltreatment. RESULTS Cases who reported more severe childhood maltreatment had a lower BD-PRS (rho = -0.12, P = .01), especially when considering emotional abuse (rho = -0.16, P = .001). An interaction between BD-PRS and childhood maltreatment was observed for the risk of rapid cycling (P = .01). No further interactions between BD-PRS and childhood maltreatment were observed for other clinical characteristics (age at onset, suicide attempts, number of mood episodes, mixed features, substance use disorders and psychotic symptoms). CONCLUSION Our study is the first to show that less genetic risk may be needed to develop a more unstable form of BD when exposed to childhood maltreatment. Our study supports childhood trauma as an independent risk factor for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Aas
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,INSERM U1144, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chantal Henry
- AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatry, DHU Pepsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Monody, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est-Creteil-Val de Marne, Créteil, France.,Institut Pasteur, Unité Perception et Mémoire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,ENBREC, European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centres (ENBREC), Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Gard
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France.,Centre Expert Trouble Bipolaire, Service de psychiatrie adulte, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Kahn
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France.,Service de Psychiatrie et Psychologie Clinique, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy - Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Trine V Lagerberg
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sofie R Aminoff
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France.,AP-HP, Pôle de Psychiatry, DHU Pepsy, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Monody, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est-Creteil-Val de Marne, Créteil, France.,Inserm, U955, Equipe Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Inserm, U955, Equipe Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,ENBREC, European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centres (ENBREC), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,INSERM U1144, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France.,ENBREC, European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centres (ENBREC), Paris, France
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19
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Jansen IE, Savage JE, Watanabe K, Bryois J, Williams DM, Steinberg S, Sealock J, Karlsson IK, Hägg S, Athanasiu L, Voyle N, Proitsi P, Witoelar A, Stringer S, Aarsland D, Almdahl IS, Andersen F, Bergh S, Bettella F, Bjornsson S, Brækhus A, Bråthen G, de Leeuw C, Desikan RS, Djurovic S, Dumitrescu L, Fladby T, Hohman TJ, Jonsson PV, Kiddle SJ, Rongve A, Saltvedt I, Sando SB, Selbæk G, Shoai M, Skene NG, Snaedal J, Stordal E, Ulstein ID, Wang Y, White LR, Hardy J, Hjerling-Leffler J, Sullivan PF, van der Flier WM, Dobson R, Davis LK, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Pedersen NL, Ripke S, Andreassen OA, Posthuma D. Author Correction: Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new loci and functional pathways influencing Alzheimer's disease risk. Nat Genet 2020; 52:354. [PMID: 32029921 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0573-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris E Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanne E Savage
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julien Bryois
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dylan M Williams
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Julia Sealock
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ida K Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Gerontology and Aging Research Network-Jönköping (ARN-J), School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicola Voyle
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Petroula Proitsi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sven Stringer
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Center for Age-Related Diseases, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ina S Almdahl
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,AHUS Campus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry of Old Age, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fred Andersen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sverre Bergh
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Centre for Old Age Psychiatry Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigurbjorn Bjornsson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anne Brækhus
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Geriatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Bråthen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christiaan de Leeuw
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rahul S Desikan
- Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,AHUS Campus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Palmi V Jonsson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Steven J Kiddle
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Geriatrics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Nathan G Skene
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jon Snaedal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eystein Stordal
- Department of Psychiatry, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingun D Ulstein
- Memory Clinic, Geriatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda R White
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Dobson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK.,Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK.,Health Data Research UK London, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lea K Davis
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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20
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van der Meer D, Rokicki J, Kaufmann T, Córdova-Palomera A, Moberget T, Alnæs D, Bettella F, Frei O, Doan NT, Sønderby IE, Smeland OB, Agartz I, Bertolino A, Bralten J, Brandt CL, Buitelaar JK, Djurovic S, van Donkelaar M, Dørum ES, Espeseth T, Faraone SV, Fernández G, Fisher SE, Franke B, Haatveit B, Hartman CA, Hoekstra PJ, Håberg AK, Jönsson EG, Kolskår KK, Le Hellard S, Lund MJ, Lundervold AJ, Lundervold A, Melle I, Monereo Sánchez J, Norbom LC, Nordvik JE, Nyberg L, Oosterlaan J, Papalino M, Papassotiropoulos A, Pergola G, de Quervain DJF, Richard G, Sanders AM, Selvaggi P, Shumskaya E, Steen VM, Tønnesen S, Ulrichsen KM, Zwiers MP, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Brain scans from 21,297 individuals reveal the genetic architecture of hippocampal subfield volumes. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3053-3065. [PMID: 30279459 PMCID: PMC6445783 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a heterogeneous structure, comprising histologically distinguishable subfields. These subfields are differentially involved in memory consolidation, spatial navigation and pattern separation, complex functions often impaired in individuals with brain disorders characterized by reduced hippocampal volume, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia. Given the structural and functional heterogeneity of the hippocampal formation, we sought to characterize the subfields' genetic architecture. T1-weighted brain scans (n = 21,297, 16 cohorts) were processed with the hippocampal subfields algorithm in FreeSurfer v6.0. We ran a genome-wide association analysis on each subfield, co-varying for whole hippocampal volume. We further calculated the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability of 12 subfields, as well as their genetic correlation with each other, with other structural brain features and with AD and schizophrenia. All outcome measures were corrected for age, sex and intracranial volume. We found 15 unique genome-wide significant loci across six subfields, of which eight had not been previously linked to the hippocampus. Top SNPs were mapped to genes associated with neuronal differentiation, locomotor behaviour, schizophrenia and AD. The volumes of all the subfields were estimated to be heritable (h2 from 0.14 to 0.27, all p < 1 × 10-16) and clustered together based on their genetic correlations compared with other structural brain features. There was also evidence of genetic overlap of subicular subfield volumes with schizophrenia. We conclude that hippocampal subfields have partly distinct genetic determinants associated with specific biological processes and traits. Taking into account this specificity may increase our understanding of hippocampal neurobiology and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida E. Sønderby
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- grid.7644.10000 0001 0120 3326Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy ,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Janita Bralten
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands ,grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christine L. Brandt
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marjolein van Donkelaar
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands ,grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Erlend S. Dørum
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.416731.60000 0004 0612 1014Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Guillén Fernández
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands ,grid.419550.c0000 0004 0501 3839Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands ,grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Beathe Haatveit
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Asta K. Håberg
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.52522.320000 0004 0627 3560Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Knut K. Kolskår
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.416731.60000 0004 0612 1014Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Martina J. Lund
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astri J. Lundervold
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arvid Lundervold
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer Monereo Sánchez
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn C. Norbom
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan E. Nordvik
- grid.416731.60000 0004 0612 1014Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Lars Nyberg
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Departments of Radiation Sciences and Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFB), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam & Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group at Emma Children’s Hospital, department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Papalino
- grid.7644.10000 0001 0120 3326Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Andreas Papassotiropoulos
- grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Division of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Life Sciences Training Facility, Department Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Pergola
- grid.7644.10000 0001 0120 3326Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Dominique J. F. de Quervain
- grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Geneviève Richard
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.416731.60000 0004 0612 1014Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Anne-Marthe Sanders
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.416731.60000 0004 0612 1014Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Pierluigi Selvaggi
- grid.7644.10000 0001 0120 3326Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands ,grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vidar M. Steen
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siren Tønnesen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine M. Ulrichsen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.416731.60000 0004 0612 1014Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Marcel P. Zwiers
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Creese B, Vassos E, Bergh S, Athanasiu L, Johar I, Rongve A, Medbøen IT, Vasconcelos Da Silva M, Aakhus E, Andersen F, Bettella F, Braekhus A, Djurovic S, Paroni G, Proitsi P, Saltvedt I, Seripa D, Stordal E, Fladby T, Aarsland D, Andreassen OA, Ballard C, Selbaek G. Examining the association between genetic liability for schizophrenia and psychotic symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:273. [PMID: 31641104 PMCID: PMC6805870 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosis (delusions or hallucinations) in Alzheimer's disease (AD + P) occurs in up to 50% of individuals and is associated with significantly worse clinical outcomes. Atypical antipsychotics, first developed for schizophrenia, are commonly used in AD + P, suggesting shared mechanisms. Despite this implication, little empirical research has been conducted to examine whether there are mechanistic similarities between AD + P and schizophrenia. In this study, we tested whether polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia was associated with AD + P. Schizophrenia PRS was calculated using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium data at ten GWAS p value thresholds (PT) in 3111 AD cases from 11 cohort studies characterized for psychosis using validated, standardized tools. Association between PRS and AD + P status was tested by logistic regression in each cohort individually and the results meta-analyzed. The schizophrenia PRS was associated with AD + P at an optimum PT of 0.01. The strongest association was for delusions where a one standard deviation increase in PRS was associated with a 1.18-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.06-1.3; p = 0.001). These new findings point towards psychosis in AD-and particularly delusions-sharing some genetic liability with schizophrenia and support a transdiagnostic view of psychotic symptoms across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Creese
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK.
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sverre Bergh
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
- Research Centre of Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Pb 68, 2312, Ottestad, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iskandar Johar
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Tøndel Medbøen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eivind Aakhus
- Research Centre of Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Pb 68, 2312, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Fred Andersen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Braekhus
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giulia Paroni
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Petroula Proitsi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Geriatric Department, St. Olav Hospital, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Davide Seripa
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Eystein Stordal
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clive Ballard
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
| | - Geir Selbaek
- Norwegian, Exeter and King's College Consortium for Genetics of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia, Exeter, UK
- Research Centre of Age-Related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Pb 68, 2312, Ottestad, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Rongve A, Witoelar A, Ruiz A, Athanasiu L, Abdelnour C, Clarimon J, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Hernández I, Moreno-Grau S, de Rojas I, Morenas-Rodríguez E, Fladby T, Sando SB, Bråthen G, Blanc F, Bousiges O, Lemstra AW, van Steenoven I, Londos E, Almdahl IS, Pålhaugen L, Eriksen JA, Djurovic S, Stordal E, Saltvedt I, Ulstein ID, Bettella F, Desikan RS, Idland AV, Toft M, Pihlstrøm L, Snaedal J, Tárraga L, Boada M, Lleó A, Stefánsson H, Stefánsson K, Ramírez A, Aarsland D, Andreassen OA. Author Correction: GBA and APOE ε4 associate with sporadic dementia with Lewy bodies in European genome wide association study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15168. [PMID: 31619746 PMCID: PMC6795898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvid Rongve
- Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna, Department of Research and Innovation, Haugesund, Norway. .,The University of Bergen, Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), Bergen, Norway.
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carla Abdelnour
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networker Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid and Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estrella Morenas-Rodríguez
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networker Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid and Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,University of Oslo, AHUS Campus, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Bråthen
- Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resources and Research Centre), Geriatrics Department, Strasbourg, France.,University of Strasbourg and CN RS, ICube laboratory and FMTS, team IMIS/Neurocrypto, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Bousiges
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, CMRR (Memory Resources and Research Centre), Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), UMR7364, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Alzheimercenter & Department of Neurology VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inger van Steenoven
- University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), UMR7364, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Alzheimercenter & Department of Neurology VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ina S Almdahl
- University of Oslo, AHUS Campus, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene Pålhaugen
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,University of Oslo, AHUS Campus, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon A Eriksen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eystein Stordal
- Department of Psychiatry, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Geriatrics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingun D Ulstein
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rahul S Desikan
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Neurology and Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, USA
| | - Ane-Victoria Idland
- Oslo Delirium Research Group, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathias Toft
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lasse Pihlstrøm
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Snaedal
- Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lluís Tárraga
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Memory Clinic and Research Center of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networker Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid and Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Alfredo Ramírez
- Division for Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924, Cologne, Germany.,Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. .,Center for Age-Related Diseases, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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23
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Kaufmann T, van der Meer D, Doan NT, Schwarz E, Lund MJ, Agartz I, Alnæs D, Barch DM, Baur-Streubel R, Bertolino A, Bettella F, Beyer MK, Bøen E, Borgwardt S, Brandt CL, Buitelaar J, Celius EG, Cervenka S, Conzelmann A, Córdova-Palomera A, Dale AM, de Quervain DJF, Di Carlo P, Djurovic S, Dørum ES, Eisenacher S, Elvsåshagen T, Espeseth T, Fatouros-Bergman H, Flyckt L, Franke B, Frei O, Haatveit B, Håberg AK, Harbo HF, Hartman CA, Heslenfeld D, Hoekstra PJ, Høgestøl EA, Jernigan TL, Jonassen R, Jönsson EG, Kirsch P, Kłoszewska I, Kolskår KK, Landrø NI, Le Hellard S, Lesch KP, Lovestone S, Lundervold A, Lundervold AJ, Maglanoc LA, Malt UF, Mecocci P, Melle I, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Moberget T, Norbom LB, Nordvik JE, Nyberg L, Oosterlaan J, Papalino M, Papassotiropoulos A, Pauli P, Pergola G, Persson K, Richard G, Rokicki J, Sanders AM, Selbæk G, Shadrin AA, Smeland OB, Soininen H, Sowa P, Steen VM, Tsolaki M, Ulrichsen KM, Vellas B, Wang L, Westman E, Ziegler GC, Zink M, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1617-1623. [PMID: 31551603 PMCID: PMC6823048 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Common risk factors for psychiatric and other brain disorders are likely to converge on biological pathways influencing the development and maintenance of brain structure and function across life. Using structural MRI data from 45,615 individuals aged 3-96 years, we demonstrate distinct patterns of apparent brain aging in several brain disorders and reveal genetic pleiotropy between apparent brain aging in healthy individuals and common brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina J Lund
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
- Department of Psychiatry Washington, University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
- Department of Radiology Washington, University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Institute of Psychiatry Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona K Beyer
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Section of Neuroradiology Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend Bøen
- Department of Psychiatry Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Psychosomatic and CL Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatry King's College, London, UK
| | - Christine L Brandt
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G Celius
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dominique J F de Quervain
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pasquale Di Carlo
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erlend S Dørum
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Sarah Eisenacher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Flyckt
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Franke
- Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beathe Haatveit
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asta K Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science Norwegian, University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanne F Harbo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Heslenfeld
- Clinical Neuropsychology section Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Einar A Høgestøl
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terry L Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Rune Jonassen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Iwona Kłoszewska
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Knut K Kolskår
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Nils Inge Landrø
- Department of Psychiatry Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS) Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Arvid Lundervold
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Astri J Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Luigi A Maglanoc
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrik F Malt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Education, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn B Norbom
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Lars Nyberg
- Departments of Radiation Sciences and Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology section Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Papalino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Andreas Papassotiropoulos
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Molecular Neuroscience University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Life Sciences Training Facility, Department Biozentrum University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychology I, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Karin Persson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Geneviève Richard
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Marthe Sanders
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Alexey A Shadrin
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, Neurology Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Piotr Sowa
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Section of Neuroradiology Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. E. Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kristine M Ulrichsen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Bruno Vellas
- UMR Inserm 1027, CHU Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric Westman
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georg C Ziegler
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Zink
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- District hospital Ansbach, Ansbach, Germany
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Torske T, Naerland T, Bettella F, Bjella T, Malt E, Høyland AL, Stenberg N, Øie MG, Andreassen OA. Autism spectrum disorder polygenic scores are associated with every day executive function in children admitted for clinical assessment. Autism Res 2019; 13:207-220. [PMID: 31571410 PMCID: PMC7027890 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) are behaviorally defined disorders with overlapping clinical features that are often associated with higher‐order cognitive dysfunction, particularly executive dysfunction. Our aim was to determine if the polygenic score (PGS) for ASD is associated with parent‐reported executive dysfunction in everyday life using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). Furthermore, we investigated if PGS for general intelligence (INT) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also correlate with BRIEF. We included 176 children, adolescents and young adults aged 5–22 years with full‐scale intelligence quotient (IQ) above 70. All were admitted for clinical assessment of ASD symptoms and 68% obtained an ASD diagnosis. We found a significant difference between low and high ASD PGS groups in the BRIEF behavior regulation index (BRI) (P = 0.015, Cohen's d = 0.69). A linear regression model accounting for age, sex, full‐scale IQ, Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) total score, ASD, ADHD and INT PGS groups as well as genetic principal components, significantly predicted the BRI score; F(11,130) = 8.142, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.41 (unadjusted). Only SRS total (P < 0.001), ASD PGS 0.1 group (P = 0.018), and sex (P = 0.022) made a significant contribution to the model. This suggests that the common ASD risk gene variants have a stronger association to behavioral regulation aspects of executive dysfunction than ADHD risk or INT variants in a clinical sample with ASD symptoms. Autism Res 2020, 13: 207–220. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulties with higher‐order cognitive processes that regulate thoughts and actions during goal‐directed behavior, also known as executive function (EF). We studied the association between genetics related to ASD and EF and found a relation between high polygenic score (PGS) for ASD and difficulties with behavior regulation aspects of EF in children and adolescents under assessment for ASD. Furthermore, high PGS for general intelligence was related to social problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Torske
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terje Naerland
- NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Bjella
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Malt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Ahus Campus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Adult Habilitation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Anne Lise Høyland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nina Stenberg
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Glenne Øie
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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25
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Alnæs D, Kaufmann T, van der Meer D, Córdova-Palomera A, Rokicki J, Moberget T, Bettella F, Agartz I, Barch DM, Bertolino A, Brandt CL, Cervenka S, Djurovic S, Doan NT, Eisenacher S, Fatouros-Bergman H, Flyckt L, Di Giorgio A, Haatveit B, Jönsson EG, Kirsch P, Lund MJ, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Pergola G, Schwarz E, Smeland OB, Quarto T, Zink M, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Brain Heterogeneity in Schizophrenia and Its Association With Polygenic Risk. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:739-748. [PMID: 30969333 PMCID: PMC6583664 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Importance Between-individual variability in brain structure is determined by gene-environment interactions, possibly reflecting differential sensitivity to environmental and genetic perturbations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have revealed thinner cortices and smaller subcortical volumes in patients with schizophrenia. However, group-level comparisons may mask considerable within-group heterogeneity, which has largely remained unnoticed in the literature. Objectives To compare brain structural variability between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls and to test whether respective variability reflects the polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia in an independent sample of healthy controls. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control and polygenic risk analysis compared MRI-derived cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia across 16 cohorts and tested for associations between PRS and MRI features in a control cohort from the UK Biobank. Data were collected from October 27, 2004, through April 12, 2018, and analyzed from December 3, 2017, through August 1, 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures Mean and dispersion parameters were estimated using double generalized linear models. Vertex-wise analysis was used to assess cortical thickness, and regions-of-interest analyses were used to assess total cortical volume, total surface area, and white matter, subcortical, and hippocampal subfield volumes. Follow-up analyses included within-sample analysis, test of robustness of the PRS threshold, population covariates, outlier removal, and control for image quality. Results A comparison of 1151 patients with schizophrenia (mean [SD] age, 33.8 [10.6] years; 68.6% male [n = 790] and 31.4% female [n = 361]) with 2010 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 32.6 [10.4] years; 56.0% male [n = 1126] and 44.0% female [n = 884]) revealed higher heterogeneity in schizophrenia for cortical thickness and area (t = 3.34), cortical (t = 3.24) and ventricle (t range, 3.15-5.78) volumes, and hippocampal subfields (t range, 2.32-3.55). In the UK Biobank sample of 12 490 participants (mean [SD] age, 55.9 [7.5] years; 48.2% male [n = 6025] and 51.8% female [n = 6465]), higher PRS was associated with thinner frontal and temporal cortices and smaller left CA2/3 (t = -3.00) but was not significantly associated with dispersion. Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that schizophrenia is associated with substantial brain structural heterogeneity beyond the mean differences. These findings may reflect higher sensitivity to environmental and genetic perturbations in patients, supporting the heterogeneous nature of schizophrenia. A higher PRS was associated with thinner frontotemporal cortices and smaller hippocampal subfield volume, but not heterogeneity. This finding suggests that brain variability in schizophrenia results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors that are not captured by the PRS. Factors contributing to heterogeneity in frontotemporal cortices and hippocampus are key to furthering our understanding of how genetic and environmental factors shape brain biology in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Christine L. Brandt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Eisenacher
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Flyckt
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Beathe Haatveit
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina J. Lund
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Mathias Zink
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Banerjee N, Polushina T, Bettella F, Steen VM, Andreassen OA, Le Hellard S. Analysis of differentially methylated regions in great apes and extinct hominids provides support for the evolutionary hypothesis of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2019; 206:209-216. [PMID: 30545758 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The persistence of schizophrenia in human populations separated by geography and time led to the evolutionary hypothesis that proposes schizophrenia as a by-product of the higher cognitive abilities of modern humans. To explore this hypothesis, we used here an evolutionary epigenetics approach building on differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the genome. METHODS We implemented a polygenic enrichment testing pipeline using the summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia and 12 other phenotypes. We investigated the enrichment of association of these traits across genomic regions with variable methylation between modern humans and great apes (orangutans, chimpanzees and gorillas; great ape DMRs) and between modern humans and recently extinct hominids (Neanderthals and Denisovans; hominid DMRs). RESULTS Regions that are hypo-methylated in humans compared to great apes show enrichment of association with schizophrenia only if the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region is included. With the MHC region removed from the analysis, only a modest enrichment for SNPs of low effect persists. The INRICH pipeline confirms this finding after rigorous permutation and bootstrapping procedures. CONCLUSION The analyses of regions with differential methylation changes in humans and great apes do not provide compelling evidence of enrichment of association with schizophrenia, in contrast to our previous findings on more recent methylation differences between modern humans, Neanderthals and Denisovans. Our results further support the evolutionary hypothesis of schizophrenia and indicate that the origin of some of the genetic susceptibility factors of schizophrenia may lie in recent human evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Banerjee
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Tatiana Polushina
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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27
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Grove J, Ripke S, Als TD, Mattheisen M, Walters RK, Won H, Pallesen J, Agerbo E, Andreassen OA, Anney R, Awashti S, Belliveau R, Bettella F, Buxbaum JD, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Cerrato F, Chambert K, Christensen JH, Churchhouse C, Dellenvall K, Demontis D, De Rubeis S, Devlin B, Djurovic S, Dumont AL, Goldstein JI, Hansen CS, Hauberg ME, Hollegaard MV, Hope S, Howrigan DP, Huang H, Hultman CM, Klei L, Maller J, Martin J, Martin AR, Moran JL, Nyegaard M, Nærland T, Palmer DS, Palotie A, Pedersen CB, Pedersen MG, dPoterba T, Poulsen JB, Pourcain BS, Qvist P, Rehnström K, Reichenberg A, Reichert J, Robinson EB, Roeder K, Roussos P, Saemundsen E, Sandin S, Satterstrom FK, Davey Smith G, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Stevens CR, Sullivan PF, Turley P, Walters GB, Xu X, Stefansson K, Geschwind DH, Nordentoft M, Hougaard DM, Werge T, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Neale BM, Daly MJ, Børglum AD. Identification of common genetic risk variants for autism spectrum disorder. Nat Genet 2019; 51:431-444. [PMID: 30804558 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1131] [Impact Index Per Article: 226.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable and heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental phenotypes diagnosed in more than 1% of children. Common genetic variants contribute substantially to ASD susceptibility, but to date no individual variants have been robustly associated with ASD. With a marked sample-size increase from a unique Danish population resource, we report a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 18,381 individuals with ASD and 27,969 controls that identified five genome-wide-significant loci. Leveraging GWAS results from three phenotypes with significantly overlapping genetic architectures (schizophrenia, major depression, and educational attainment), we identified seven additional loci shared with other traits at equally strict significance levels. Dissecting the polygenic architecture, we found both quantitative and qualitative polygenic heterogeneity across ASD subtypes. These results highlight biological insights, particularly relating to neuronal function and corticogenesis, and establish that GWAS performed at scale will be much more productive in the near term in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Grove
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas D Als
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raymond K Walters
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hyejung Won
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonatan Pallesen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Agerbo
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard Anney
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Swapnil Awashti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rich Belliveau
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Bækvad-Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Felecia Cerrato
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Chambert
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jane H Christensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claire Churchhouse
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karin Dellenvall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ditte Demontis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Silvia De Rubeis
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernie Devlin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ashley L Dumont
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline I Goldstein
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christine S Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC SctHans, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Engel Hauberg
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mads V Hollegaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sigrun Hope
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel P Howrigan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christina M Hultman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lambertus Klei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julian Maller
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Genomics plc, Oxford, UK.,Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Abingdon, UK
| | - Joanna Martin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Moran
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Terje Nærland
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders and Disabilities, , Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Duncan S Palmer
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carsten Bøcker Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marianne Giørtz Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Timothy dPoterba
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jesper Buchhave Poulsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Per Qvist
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Reichert
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elise B Robinson
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Roeder
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Sven Sandin
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Kyle Satterstrom
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Christine R Stevens
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Turley
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC SctHans, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anders D Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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28
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Mäki-Marttunen T, Krull F, Bettella F, Hagen E, Næss S, Ness TV, Moberget T, Elvsåshagen T, Metzner C, Devor A, Edwards AG, Fyhn M, Djurovic S, Dale AM, Andreassen OA, Einevoll GT. Alterations in Schizophrenia-Associated Genes Can Lead to Increased Power in Delta Oscillations. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:875-891. [PMID: 30475994 PMCID: PMC6319172 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have implicated many ion channels in schizophrenia pathophysiology. Although the functions of these channels are relatively well characterized by single-cell studies, the contributions of common variation in these channels to neurophysiological biomarkers and symptoms of schizophrenia remain elusive. Here, using computational modeling, we show that a common biomarker of schizophrenia, namely, an increase in delta-oscillation power, may be a direct consequence of altered expression or kinetics of voltage-gated ion channels or calcium transporters. Our model of a circuit of layer V pyramidal cells highlights multiple types of schizophrenia-related variants that contribute to altered dynamics in the delta-frequency band. Moreover, our model predicts that the same membrane mechanisms that increase the layer V pyramidal cell network gain and response to delta-frequency oscillations may also cause a deficit in a single-cell correlate of the prepulse inhibition, which is a behavioral biomarker highly associated with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Mäki-Marttunen
- Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Krull
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Hagen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Solveig Næss
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn V Ness
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christoph Metzner
- Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Anna Devor
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Marianne Fyhn
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gaute T Einevoll
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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29
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Jansen IE, Savage JE, Watanabe K, Bryois J, Williams DM, Steinberg S, Sealock J, Karlsson IK, Hägg S, Athanasiu L, Voyle N, Proitsi P, Witoelar A, Stringer S, Aarsland D, Almdahl IS, Andersen F, Bergh S, Bettella F, Bjornsson S, Brækhus A, Bråthen G, de Leeuw C, Desikan RS, Djurovic S, Dumitrescu L, Fladby T, Hohman TJ, Jonsson PV, Kiddle SJ, Rongve A, Saltvedt I, Sando SB, Selbæk G, Shoai M, Skene NG, Snaedal J, Stordal E, Ulstein ID, Wang Y, White LR, Hardy J, Hjerling-Leffler J, Sullivan PF, van der Flier WM, Dobson R, Davis LK, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Pedersen NL, Ripke S, Andreassen OA, Posthuma D. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new loci and functional pathways influencing Alzheimer's disease risk. Nat Genet 2019; 51:404-413. [PMID: 30617256 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1226] [Impact Index Per Article: 245.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly heritable and recent studies have identified over 20 disease-associated genomic loci. Yet these only explain a small proportion of the genetic variance, indicating that undiscovered loci remain. Here, we performed a large genome-wide association study of clinically diagnosed AD and AD-by-proxy (71,880 cases, 383,378 controls). AD-by-proxy, based on parental diagnoses, showed strong genetic correlation with AD (rg = 0.81). Meta-analysis identified 29 risk loci, implicating 215 potential causative genes. Associated genes are strongly expressed in immune-related tissues and cell types (spleen, liver, and microglia). Gene-set analyses indicate biological mechanisms involved in lipid-related processes and degradation of amyloid precursor proteins. We show strong genetic correlations with multiple health-related outcomes, and Mendelian randomization results suggest a protective effect of cognitive ability on AD risk. These results are a step forward in identifying the genetic factors that contribute to AD risk and add novel insights into the neurobiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris E Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanne E Savage
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julien Bryois
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dylan M Williams
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Julia Sealock
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ida K Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Gerontology and Aging Research Network-Jönköping (ARN-J), School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicola Voyle
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Petroula Proitsi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sven Stringer
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Center for Age-Related Diseases, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ina S Almdahl
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,AHUS Campus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry of Old Age, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fred Andersen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sverre Bergh
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Centre for Old Age Psychiatry Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigurbjorn Bjornsson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anne Brækhus
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Geriatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Bråthen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christiaan de Leeuw
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rahul S Desikan
- Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Logan Dumitrescu
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,AHUS Campus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Palmi V Jonsson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Steven J Kiddle
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Geriatrics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Nathan G Skene
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jon Snaedal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eystein Stordal
- Department of Psychiatry, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingun D Ulstein
- Memory Clinic, Geriatric Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda R White
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Richard Dobson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK.,Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK.,Health Data Research UK London, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lea K Davis
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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30
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Mäki-Marttunen T, Kaufmann T, Elvsåshagen T, Devor A, Djurovic S, Westlye LT, Linne ML, Rietschel M, Schubert D, Borgwardt S, Efrim-Budisteanu M, Bettella F, Halnes G, Hagen E, Næss S, Ness TV, Moberget T, Metzner C, Edwards AG, Fyhn M, Dale AM, Einevoll GT, Andreassen OA. Biophysical Psychiatry-How Computational Neuroscience Can Help to Understand the Complex Mechanisms of Mental Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:534. [PMID: 31440172 PMCID: PMC6691488 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is the most complex of human organs, and the pathophysiology underlying abnormal brain function in psychiatric disorders is largely unknown. Despite the rapid development of diagnostic tools and treatments in most areas of medicine, our understanding of mental disorders and their treatment has made limited progress during the last decades. While recent advances in genetics and neuroscience have a large potential, the complexity and multidimensionality of the brain processes hinder the discovery of disease mechanisms that would link genetic findings to clinical symptoms and behavior. This applies also to schizophrenia, for which genome-wide association studies have identified a large number of genetic risk loci, spanning hundreds of genes with diverse functionalities. Importantly, the multitude of the associated variants and their prevalence in the healthy population limit the potential of a reductionist functional genetics approach as a stand-alone solution to discover the disease pathology. In this review, we outline the key concepts of a "biophysical psychiatry," an approach that employs large-scale mechanistic, biophysics-founded computational modelling to increase transdisciplinary understanding of the pathophysiology and strive toward robust predictions. We discuss recent scientific advances that allow a synthesis of previously disparate fields of psychiatry, neurophysiology, functional genomics, and computational modelling to tackle open questions regarding the pathophysiology of heritable mental disorders. We argue that the complexity of the increasing amount of genetic data exceeds the capabilities of classical experimental assays and requires computational approaches. Biophysical psychiatry, based on modelling diseased brain networks using existing and future knowledge of basic genetic, biochemical, and functional properties on a single neuron to a microcircuit level, may allow a leap forward in deriving interpretable biomarkers and move the field toward novel treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Mäki-Marttunen
- Department of Computational Physiology, Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Devor
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marja-Leena Linne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dirk Schubert
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Efrim-Budisteanu
- Prof. Dr. Alex. Obregia Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, Bucharest, Romania.,Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Halnes
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Espen Hagen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Solveig Næss
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn V Ness
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christoph Metzner
- Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom.,Institute of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technische Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew G Edwards
- Department of Computational Physiology, Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Fyhn
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gaute T Einevoll
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.,Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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31
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Witoelar A, Rongve A, Almdahl IS, Ulstein ID, Engvig A, White LR, Selbæk G, Stordal E, Andersen F, Brækhus A, Saltvedt I, Engedal K, Hughes T, Bergh S, Bråthen G, Bogdanovic N, Bettella F, Wang Y, Athanasiu L, Bahrami S, Le Hellard S, Giddaluru S, Dale AM, Sando SB, Steinberg S, Stefansson H, Snaedal J, Desikan RS, Stefansson K, Aarsland D, Djurovic S, Fladby T, Andreassen OA. Meta-analysis of Alzheimer's disease on 9,751 samples from Norway and IGAP study identifies four risk loci. Sci Rep 2018; 8:18088. [PMID: 30591712 PMCID: PMC6308232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A large fraction of genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is still not identified, limiting the understanding of AD pathology and study of therapeutic targets. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AD cases and controls of European descent from the multi-center DemGene network across Norway and two independent European cohorts. In a two-stage process, we first performed a meta-analysis using GWAS results from 2,893 AD cases and 6,858 cognitively normal controls from Norway and 25,580 cases and 48,466 controls from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP), denoted the discovery sample. Second, we selected the top hits (p < 1 × 10-6) from the discovery analysis for replication in an Icelandic cohort consisting of 5,341 cases and 110,008 controls. We identified a novel genomic region with genome-wide significant association with AD on chromosome 4 (combined analysis OR = 1.07, p = 2.48 x 10-8). This finding implicated HS3ST1, a gene expressed throughout the brain particularly in the cerebellar cortex. In addition, we identified IGHV1-68 in the discovery sample, previously not associated with AD. We also associated USP6NL/ECHDC3 and BZRAP1-AS1 to AD, confirming findings from a follow-up transethnic study. These new gene loci provide further evidence for AD as a polygenic disorder, and suggest new mechanistic pathways that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ina S Almdahl
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,University of Oslo, AHUS Campus, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry of Old Age, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingun D Ulstein
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry of Old Age, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Engvig
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda R White
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eystein Stordal
- Department of Psychiatry, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Fred Andersen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Brækhus
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Geriatric Department, University Hospital Oslo and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Geriatrics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Knut Engedal
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Geriatric Department, University Hospital Oslo and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Hughes
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sverre Bergh
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Centre for Old Age Psychiatry Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Geir Bråthen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nenad Bogdanovic
- Geriatric Department, University Hospital Oslo and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sudheer Giddaluru
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Departments of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Departments of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Jon Snaedal
- Landspitali University Hospital, Department of Geriatrics, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Rahul S Desikan
- Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Center for Age-Related Diseases, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,University of Oslo, AHUS Campus, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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32
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Bettella F, Brown AA, Smeland OB, Wang Y, Witoelar A, Buil Demur AA, Thompson WK, Zuber V, Dale AM, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Cross-tissue eQTL enrichment of associations in schizophrenia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202812. [PMID: 30188921 PMCID: PMC6126834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome-wide association study of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium identified over one hundred schizophrenia susceptibility loci. The number of non-coding variants discovered suggests that gene regulation could mediate the effect of these variants on disease. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) contribute to variation in levels of mRNA. Given the co-occurrence of schizophrenia and several traits not involving the central nervous system (CNS), we investigated the enrichment of schizophrenia associations among eQTLs for four non-CNS tissues: adipose tissue, epidermal tissue, lymphoblastoid cells and blood. Significant enrichment was seen in eQTLs of all tissues: adipose (β = 0.18, p = 8.8 × 10-06), epidermal (β = 0.12, p = 3.1 × 10-04), lymphoblastoid (β = 0.19, p = 6.2 × 10-08) and blood (β = 0.19, p = 6.4 × 10-06). For comparison, we looked for enrichment of association with traits of known relevance to one or more of these tissues (body mass index, height, rheumatoid arthritis, systolic blood pressure and type-II diabetes) and found that schizophrenia enrichment was of similar scale to that observed when studying diseases in the context of a more likely causal tissue. To further investigate tissue specificity, we looked for differential enrichment of eQTLs with relevant Roadmap affiliation (enhancers and promoters) and varying distance from the transcription start site. Neither factor significantly contributed to the enrichment, suggesting that this is equally distributed in tissue-specific and cross-tissue regulatory elements. Our analyses suggest that functional correlates of schizophrenia risk are prevalent in non-CNS tissues. This could be because of pleiotropy or the effectiveness of variants affecting expression in different contexts. This suggests the utility of large, single-tissue eQTL experiments to increase eQTL discovery power in the study of schizophrenia, in addition to smaller, multiple-tissue approaches. Our results conform to the notion that schizophrenia is a systemic disorder involving many tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew A. Brown
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development CMU, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 92093 San Diego, United States of America
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alfonso A. Buil Demur
- Institut for biologisk psykiatri, Psykiatrisk Center Sct. Hans, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 92093 San Diego, United States of America
- Institut for biologisk psykiatri, Psykiatrisk Center Sct. Hans, Boserupvej 2, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Verena Zuber
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, CB2 0SR Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 92093 San Diego, United States of America
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway - Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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33
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Berg AO, Jørgensen KN, Nerhus M, Athanasiu L, Popejoy AB, Bettella F, Norbom LCB, Gurholt TP, Dahl SR, Andreassen OA, Djurovic S, Agartz I, Melle I. Vitamin D levels, brain volume, and genetic architecture in patients with psychosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200250. [PMID: 30142216 PMCID: PMC6108467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower vitamin D levels are found in people with schizophrenia and depressive disorders, and also associated with neuroimaging abnormalities such as reduced brain volume in both animals and humans. Reduced whole brain and increased ventricular volume are also systematically reported in schizophrenia. Even though vitamin D deficiency has been proposed as a risk mechanism for schizophrenia there exist no studies to date of the association between vitamin D levels and brain volume in this population. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between vitamin D levels and brain phenotypes in psychotic disorders, and assessed possible interactions with genetic variants in vitamin D receptor (VDR) and other genetic variants that play a role in vitamin D levels in the body. METHODS Our sample consisted of 83 psychosis patients and 101 healthy controls. We measured vitamin D levels as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. All participants were genotyped and neuroimaging conducted by structural magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Vitamin D levels were significantly positively associated with peripheral grey matter volume in patients (β 860.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 333.4-1466, p < .003). A significant interaction effect of BSML marker (rs1544410) was observed to mediate the association between patient status and both white matter volume (β 23603.3; 95% CI 2732.8-48708.6, p < .05) and whole brain volume (β 46670.6, 95% CI 8817.8-93888.3, p < .04). Vitamin D did not predict ventricular volume, which rather was associated with patient status (β 4423.3, 95% CI 1583.2-7267.8p < .002) and CYP24A1 marker (rs6013897) (β 2491.5, 95% CI 269.7-4978.5, p < .04). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study of the association between vitamin D levels and brain volume in patients with psychotic disorders that takes into account possible interaction with genetic polymorphisms. The present findings warrant replication in independent samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiah Ottesen Berg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Kjetil N. Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Nerhus
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Akershus University Hospital, Division for Mental Health, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alice B. Popejoy
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Christin Bonaventure Norbom
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiril P. Gurholt
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra R. Dahl
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Srinivasan S, Bettella F, Frei O, Hill WD, Wang Y, Witoelar A, Schork AJ, Thompson WK, Davies G, Desikan RS, Deary IJ, Melle I, Ueland T, Dale AM, Djurovic S, Smeland OB, Andreassen OA. Enrichment of genetic markers of recent human evolution in educational and cognitive traits. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12585. [PMID: 30135563 PMCID: PMC6105609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher cognitive functions are regarded as one of the main distinctive traits of humans. Evidence for the cognitive evolution of human beings is mainly based on fossil records of an expanding cranium and an increasing complexity of material culture artefacts. However, the molecular genetic factors involved in the evolution are still relatively unexplored. Here, we investigated whether genomic regions that underwent positive selection in humans after divergence from Neanderthals are enriched for genetic association with phenotypes related to cognitive functions. We used genome wide association data from a study of college completion (N = 111,114), one of educational attainment (N = 293,623) and two different studies of general cognitive ability (N = 269,867 and 53,949). We found nominally significant polygenic enrichment of associations with college completion (p = 0.025), educational attainment (p = 0.043) and general cognitive ability (p = 0.015 and 0.025, respectively), suggesting that variants influencing these phenotypes are more prevalent in evolutionarily salient regions. The enrichment remained significant after controlling for other known genetic enrichment factors, and for affiliation to genes highly expressed in the brain. These findings support the notion that phenotypes related to higher order cognitive skills typical of humans have a recent genetic component that originated after the separation of the human and Neanderthal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Srinivasan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew J Schork
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center St. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rahul S Desikan
- Neuroradiology Section, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M Dale
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Córdova-Palomera A, Kaufmann T, Bettella F, Wang Y, Doan NT, van der Meer D, Alnæs D, Rokicki J, Moberget T, Sønderby IE, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Effects of autozygosity and schizophrenia polygenic risk on cognitive and brain developmental trajectories. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1049-1059. [PMID: 29700391 PMCID: PMC6018758 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0134-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive and brain development are determined by dynamic interactions between genes and environment across the lifespan. Aside from marker-by-marker analyses of polymorphisms, biologically meaningful features of the whole genome (derived from the combined effect of individual markers) have been postulated to inform on human phenotypes including cognitive traits and their underlying biological substrate. Here, estimates of inbreeding and genetic susceptibility for schizophrenia calculated from genome-wide data-runs of homozygosity (ROH) and schizophrenia polygenic risk score (PGRS)-are analyzed in relation to cognitive abilities (n = 4183) and brain structure (n = 516) in a general-population sample of European-ancestry participants aged 8-22, from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. The findings suggest that a higher ROH burden and higher schizophrenia PGRS are associated with higher intelligence. Cognition-ROH and cognition-PGRS associations obtained in this cohort may, respectively, evidence that assortative mating influences intelligence, and that individuals with high schizophrenia genetic risk who do not transition to disease status are cognitively resilient. Neuroanatomical data showed that the effects of schizophrenia PGRS on cognition could be modulated by brain structure, although larger imaging datasets are needed to accurately disentangle the underlying neural mechanisms linking IQ with both inbreeding and the genetic burden for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Elken Sønderby
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Kaufmann T, Alnæs D, Brandt CL, Bettella F, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Stability of the Brain Functional Connectome Fingerprint in Individuals With Schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry 2018; 75:749-751. [PMID: 29799905 PMCID: PMC6583861 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study combines data from 3 existing functional magnetic resonance imaging data sets of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy controls to assess the association of schizophrenia spectrum disorders with connectome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine L. Brandt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Smeland OB, Wang Y, Frei O, Li W, Hibar DP, Franke B, Bettella F, Witoelar A, Djurovic S, Chen CH, Thompson PM, Dale AM, Andreassen OA. Genetic Overlap Between Schizophrenia and Volumes of Hippocampus, Putamen, and Intracranial Volume Indicates Shared Molecular Genetic Mechanisms. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:854-864. [PMID: 29136250 PMCID: PMC6007549 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is associated with differences in subcortical brain volumes and intracranial volume (ICV). However, little is known about the underlying etiology of these brain alterations. Here, we explored whether brain structure volumes and SCZ share genetic risk factors. Using conditional false discovery rate (FDR) analysis, we integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on SCZ (n = 82315) and GWAS data on 7 subcortical brain volumes and ICV (n = 11840). By conditioning the FDR on overlapping associations, this statistical approach increases power to discover genetic loci. To assess the credibility of our approach, we studied the identified loci in larger GWAS samples on ICV (n = 26577) and hippocampal volume (n = 26814). We observed polygenic overlap between SCZ and volumes of hippocampus, putamen, and ICV. Based on conjunctional FDR < 0.05, we identified 2 loci shared between SCZ and ICV implicating genes FOXO3 (rs10457180) and ITIH4 (rs4687658), 2 loci shared between SCZ and hippocampal volume implicating SLC4A10 (rs4664442) and SPATS2L (rs1653290), and 2 loci shared between SCZ and volume of putamen implicating DCC (rs4632195) and DLG2 (rs11233632). The loci shared between SCZ and hippocampal volume or ICV had not reached significance in the primary GWAS on brain phenotypes. Proving our point of increased power, 2 loci did reach genome-wide significance with ICV (rs10457180) and hippocampal volume (rs4664442) in the larger GWAS. Three of the 6 identified loci are novel for SCZ. Altogether, the findings provide new insights into the relationship between SCZ and brain structure volumes, suggesting that their genetic architectures are not independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0424 Oslo, Norway; tel: +1-858-568-4915, fax: +47-230-273-33, e-mail:
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wen Li
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Derrek P Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Chi-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Li W, Fan CC, Mäki-Marttunen T, Thompson WK, Schork AJ, Bettella F, Djurovic S, Dale AM, Andreassen OA, Wang Y. A molecule-based genetic association approach implicates a range of voltage-gated calcium channels associated with schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2018; 177:454-467. [PMID: 29704319 PMCID: PMC7093061 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Traditional genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully detected genetic variants associated with schizophrenia. However, only a small fraction of heritability can be explained. Gene-set/pathway-based methods can overcome limitations arising from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based analysis, but most of them place constraints on size which may exclude highly specific and functional sets, like macromolecules. Voltage-gated calcium (Cav ) channels, belonging to macromolecules, are composed of several subunits whose encoding genes are located far away or even on different chromosomes. We combined information about such molecules with GWAS data to investigate how functional channels associated with schizophrenia. We defined a biologically meaningful SNP-set based on channel structure and performed an association study by using a validated method: SNP-set (sequence) kernel association test. We identified eight subtypes of Cav channels significantly associated with schizophrenia from a subsample of published data (N = 56,605), including the L-type channels (Cav 1.1, Cav 1.2, Cav 1.3), P-/Q-type Cav 2.1, N-type Cav 2.2, R-type Cav 2.3, T-type Cav 3.1, and Cav 3.3. Only genes from Cav 1.2 and Cav 3.3 have been implicated by the largest GWAS (N = 82,315). Each subtype of Cav channels showed relatively high chip heritability, proportional to the size of its constituent gene regions. The results suggest that abnormalities of Cav channels may play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and these channels may represent appropriate drug targets for therapeutics. Analyzing subunit-encoding genes of a macromolecule in aggregate is a complementary way to identify more genetic variants of polygenic diseases. This study offers the potential of power for discovery the biological mechanisms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo 0424 Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tuomo Mäki-Marttunen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo 0424 Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093, USA
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo 0424 Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo 0424 Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo 0424 Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Corresponding author information: Dr. Yunpeng Wang, NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre, Building 49, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Kirkeveien 166, PO Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway, , Phone +47 46 55 96 52, Fax: +47 23 02 73 33
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Banerjee N, Polushina T, Bettella F, Giddaluru S, Steen VM, Andreassen OA, Le Hellard S. Recently evolved human-specific methylated regions are enriched in schizophrenia signals. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:63. [PMID: 29747567 PMCID: PMC5946405 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One explanation for the persistence of schizophrenia despite the reduced fertility of patients is that it is a by-product of recent human evolution. This hypothesis is supported by evidence suggesting that recently-evolved genomic regions in humans are involved in the genetic risk for schizophrenia. Using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia and 11 other phenotypes, we tested for enrichment of association with GWAS traits in regions that have undergone methylation changes in the human lineage compared to Neanderthals and Denisovans, i.e. human-specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We used analytical tools that evaluate polygenic enrichment of a subset of genomic variants against all variants. Results Schizophrenia was the only trait in which DMR SNPs showed clear enrichment of association that passed the genome-wide significance threshold. The enrichment was not observed for Neanderthal or Denisovan DMRs. The enrichment seen in human DMRs is comparable to that for genomic regions tagged by Neanderthal Selective Sweep markers, and stronger than that for Human Accelerated Regions. The enrichment survives multiple testing performed through permutation (n = 10,000) and bootstrapping (n = 5000) in INRICH (p < 0.01). Some enrichment of association with height was observed at the gene level. Conclusions Regions where DNA methylation modifications have changed during recent human evolution show enrichment of association with schizophrenia and possibly with height. Our study further supports the hypothesis that genetic variants conferring risk of schizophrenia co-occur in genomic regions that have changed as the human species evolved. Since methylation is an epigenetic mark, potentially mediated by environmental changes, our results also suggest that interaction with the environment might have contributed to that association. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1177-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Banerjee
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tatiana Polushina
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sudheer Giddaluru
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT - K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory Building, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
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Alnæs D, Kaufmann T, Doan NT, Córdova-Palomera A, Wang Y, Bettella F, Moberget T, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Association of Heritable Cognitive Ability and Psychopathology With White Matter Properties in Children and Adolescents. JAMA Psychiatry 2018; 75:287-295. [PMID: 29365026 PMCID: PMC5885956 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Many mental disorders emerge during adolescence, which may reflect a cost of the potential for brain plasticity offered during this period. Brain dysconnectivity has been proposed as a common factor across diagnostic categories. OBJECTIVE To investigate the hypothesis that brain dysconnectivity is a transdiagnostic phenotype in adolescence with increased susceptibility and symptoms of psychiatric disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We investigated clinical symptoms as well as cognitive function in 6487 individuals aged 8 to 21 years from November 1, 2009, to November 30, 2011, in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort and analyzed diffusion magnetic resonance imaging brain scans for 748 of the participants. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Independent component analysis was used to derive dimensional psychopathology scores, and genome-wide complex trait analysis was used to estimate its heritability. Multimodal fusion simultaneously modeled contributions of the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging metrics fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, L1 (the principal diffusion tensor imaging eigen value), mode of anisotropy, as well as dominant and secondary fiber orientations, and structural connectivity density, and their association with general psychopathology and cognition. RESULTS Machine learning with 10-fold cross-validation and permutation testing in 729 individuals (aged 8 to 22 years; mean [SD] age, 15.1 [3.3] years; 343 females [46%]) revealed significant association with general psychopathology levels (r = 0.24, P < .001) and cognition (r = 0.39, P < .001). A brain white matter pattern reflecting frontotemporal connectivity and crossing fibers in the uncinate fasciculus was the most associated feature for both traits. Univariate analysis across a range of clinical domains and cognitive test scores confirmed its transdiagnostic importance. Both the general psychopathology (16%; SE, 0.095; P = .05) and cognitive (18%; SE, 0.09; P = .01) factor were heritable and showed a negative genetic correlation. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Dimensional and heritable general cognitive and psychopathology factors are associated with specific patterns of white matter properties, suggesting that dysconnectivity is a transdiagnostic brain-based phenotype in individuals with increased susceptibility and symptoms of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Shadrin AA, Smeland OB, Zayats T, Schork AJ, Frei O, Bettella F, Witoelar A, Li W, Eriksen JA, Krull F, Djurovic S, Faraone SV, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Thompson WK, Johansson S, Haavik J, Dale AM, Wang Y, Andreassen OA. Novel Loci Associated With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Are Revealed by Leveraging Polygenic Overlap With Educational Attainment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:86-95. [PMID: 29413154 PMCID: PMC5806128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and highly heritable psychiatric condition. By exploiting the reported relationship between ADHD and educational attainment (EA), we aimed to improve discovery of ADHD-associated genetic variants and to investigate genetic overlap between these phenotypes. METHOD A conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (condFDR/conjFDR) method was applied to genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on ADHD (2,064 trios, 896 cases, and 2,455 controls) and EA (n=328,917) to identify ADHD-associated loci and loci overlapping between ADHD and EA. Identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association in an independent population-based study of ADHD symptoms (n=17,666). Genetic correlation between ADHD and EA was estimated using LD score regression and Pearson correlation. RESULTS At levels of condFDR<0.01 and conjFDR<0.05, we identified 5 ADHD-associated loci, 3 of these being shared between ADHD and EA. None of these loci had been identified in the primary ADHD GWAS, demonstrating the increased power provided by the condFDR/conjFDR analysis. Leading SNPs for 4 of 5 identified regions are in introns of protein coding genes (KDM4A, MEF2C, PINK1, RUNX1T1), whereas the remaining one is an intergenic SNP on chromosome 2 at 2p24. Consistent direction of effects in the independent study of ADHD symptoms was shown for 4 of 5 identified loci. A polygenic overlap between ADHD and EA was supported by significant genetic correlation (rg=-0.403, p=7.90×10-8) and >10-fold mutual enrichment of SNPs associated with both traits. CONCLUSION We identified 5 novel loci associated with ADHD and provided evidence for a shared genetic basis between ADHD and EA. These findings could aid understanding of the genetic risk architecture of ADHD and its relation to EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Shadrin
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tetyana Zayats
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrew J Schork
- University of California, San Diego and Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Medical Health Center, Sct. Hans Hospital and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wen Li
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon A Eriksen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Krull
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Bergen
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
- Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo
| | | | - Stefan Johansson
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Haavik
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital
| | - Anders M Dale
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and University of California, San Diego
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Zuber V, Jönsson EG, Frei O, Witoelar A, Thompson WK, Schork AJ, Bettella F, Wang Y, Djurovic S, Smeland OB, Dieset I, Fanous AH, Desikan RS, Küry S, Bézieau S, Dale AM, Mills IG, Andreassen OA. Identification of shared genetic variants between schizophrenia and lung cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:674. [PMID: 29330379 PMCID: PMC5766533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiology studies suggest associations between schizophrenia and cancer. However, the underlying genetic mechanisms are not well understood, and difficult to identify from epidemiological data. We investigated if there is a shared genetic architecture between schizophrenia and cancer, with the aim to identify specific overlapping genetic loci. First, we performed genome-wide enrichment analysis and second, we analyzed specific loci jointly associated with schizophrenia and cancer by the conjunction false discovery rate. We analyzed the largest genome-wide association studies of schizophrenia and lung, breast, prostate, ovary, and colon-rectum cancer including more than 220,000 subjects, and included genetic association with smoking behavior. Polygenic enrichment of associations with lung cancer was observed in schizophrenia, and weak enrichment for the remaining cancer sites. After excluding the major histocompatibility complex region, we identified three independent loci jointly associated with schizophrenia and lung cancer. The strongest association included nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and is an established pleiotropic locus shared between lung cancer and smoking. The two other loci were independent of genetic association with smoking. Functional analysis identified downstream pleiotropic effects on epigenetics and gene-expression in lung and brain tissue. These findings suggest that genetic factors may explain partly the observed epidemiological association of lung cancer and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Zuber
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000000121885934grid.5335.0MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 1937 0626grid.4714.6Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- 0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- 0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Cognitive Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Center for Human Development, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Francesco Bettella
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- 0000 0004 1936 7443grid.7914.bNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Dieset
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ayman H. Fanous
- 0000 0001 0693 2202grid.262863.bDepartment of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY USA
| | - Rahul S. Desikan
- 0000 0001 2297 6811grid.266102.1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Sébastien Küry
- 0000 0004 0472 0371grid.277151.7CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, CEDEX 1 France
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- 0000 0004 0472 0371grid.277151.7CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes, CEDEX 1 France
| | - Anders M. Dale
- 0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Center for Human Development, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Ian G. Mills
- 0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Department of Cancer Prevention, Institute of Cancer Research and Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0374 7521grid.4777.3Prostate Cancer UK/Movember Centre of Excellence for Prostate Cancer Research, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE UK ,0000 0004 1936 8948grid.4991.5Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,0000 0004 0389 8485grid.55325.34Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Aas M, Melle I, Bettella F, Djurovic S, Le Hellard S, Bjella T, Ringen PA, Lagerberg TV, Smeland OB, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Tesli M. Psychotic patients who used cannabis frequently before illness onset have higher genetic predisposition to schizophrenia than those who did not. Psychol Med 2018; 48:43-49. [PMID: 28967348 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717001209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are heritable, polygenic disorders with shared clinical and genetic components, suggesting a psychosis continuum. Cannabis use is a well-documented environmental risk factor in psychotic disorders. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between SZ genetic load and cannabis use before illness onset in SZ and BD spectrums. Since frequent early cannabis use (age <18 years) is believed to increase the risk of developing psychosis more than later use, follow-up analyses were conducted comparing early use to later use and no use. METHODS We assigned a SZ-polygenic risk score (PGRS) to each individual in our independent sample (N = 381 SZ spectrum cases, 220 BD spectrum cases and 415 healthy controls), calculated from the results of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) SZ case-control study (N = 81 535). SZ-PGRS in patients who used cannabis weekly to daily in the period before first illness episode was compared with that of those who never or infrequently used cannabis. RESULTS Patients with weekly to daily cannabis use before illness onset had the highest SZ-PGRS (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.33). The largest difference was found between patients with daily or weekly cannabis use before illness onset <18 years of age and patients with no or infrequent use of cannabis (p = 0.003, Cohen's d = 0.42). CONCLUSIONS Our study supports an association between high SZ-PGRS and frequent cannabis use before illness onset in psychosis continuum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aas
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - I Melle
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - F Bettella
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - S Djurovic
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - S Le Hellard
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Department of Clinical Science,University of Bergen,Bergen,Norway
| | - T Bjella
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - P A Ringen
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - T V Lagerberg
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - O B Smeland
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - I Agartz
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Division of Mental Health and Addiction,University of Oslo,Oslo,Norway
| | - O A Andreassen
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
| | - M Tesli
- NORMENT,KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,Institute of Clinical Medicine,University of Oslo,and Division of Mental Health and Addiction,Oslo University Hospital,Oslo,Norway
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Smeland OB, Frei O, Kauppi K, Hill WD, Li W, Wang Y, Krull F, Bettella F, Eriksen JA, Witoelar A, Davies G, Fan CC, Thompson WK, Lam M, Lencz T, Chen CH, Ueland T, Jönsson EG, Djurovic S, Deary IJ, Dale AM, Andreassen OA. Identification of Genetic Loci Jointly Influencing Schizophrenia Risk and the Cognitive Traits of Verbal-Numerical Reasoning, Reaction Time, and General Cognitive Function. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:1065-1075. [PMID: 28746715 PMCID: PMC5710474 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Schizophrenia is associated with widespread cognitive impairments. Although cognitive deficits are one of the factors most strongly associated with functional outcome in schizophrenia, current treatment strategies largely fail to ameliorate these impairments. To develop more efficient treatment strategies in patients with schizophrenia, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these cognitive deficits is needed. Accumulating evidence indicates that genetic risk of schizophrenia may contribute to cognitive dysfunction. OBJECTIVE To identify genomic regions jointly influencing schizophrenia and the cognitive domains of reaction time and verbal-numerical reasoning, as well as general cognitive function, a phenotype that captures the shared variation in performance across cognitive domains. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Combining data from genome-wide association studies from multiple phenotypes using conditional false discovery rate analysis provides increased power to discover genetic variants and could elucidate shared molecular genetic mechanisms. Data from the following genome-wide association studies, published from July 24, 2014, to January 17, 2017, were combined: schizophrenia in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium cohort (n = 79 757 [cases, 34 486; controls, 45 271]); verbal-numerical reasoning (n = 36 035) and reaction time (n = 111 483) in the UK Biobank cohort; and general cognitive function in CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) (n = 53 949) and COGENT (Cognitive Genomics Consortium) (n = 27 888). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Genetic loci identified by conditional false discovery rate analysis. Brain messenger RNA expression and brain expression quantitative trait locus functionality were determined. RESULTS Among the participants in the genome-wide association studies, 21 loci jointly influencing schizophrenia and cognitive traits were identified: 2 loci shared between schizophrenia and verbal-numerical reasoning, 6 loci shared between schizophrenia and reaction time, and 14 loci shared between schizophrenia and general cognitive function. One locus was shared between schizophrenia and 2 cognitive traits and represented the strongest shared signal detected (nearest gene TCF20; chromosome 22q13.2), and was shared between schizophrenia (z score, 5.01; P = 5.53 × 10-7), general cognitive function (z score, -4.43; P = 9.42 × 10-6), and verbal-numerical reasoning (z score, -5.43; P = 5.64 × 10-8). For 18 loci, schizophrenia risk alleles were associated with poorer cognitive performance. The implicated genes are expressed in the developmental and adult human brain. Replicable expression quantitative trait locus functionality was identified for 4 loci in the adult human brain. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The discovered loci improve the understanding of the common genetic basis underlying schizophrenia and cognitive function, suggesting novel molecular genetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav B. Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karolina Kauppi
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - W. David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wen Li
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Florian Krull
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon A. Eriksen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chun C. Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Max Lam
- Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Todd Lencz
- Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, New York,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York,Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York
| | - Chi-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Torill Ueland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Olso, Norway
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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45
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Winsvold BS, Bettella F, Witoelar A, Anttila V, Gormley P, Kurth T, Terwindt GM, Freilinger TM, Frei O, Shadrin A, Wang Y, Dale AM, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Chasman DI, Nyholt DR, Palotie A, Andreassen OA, Zwart JA. Shared genetic risk between migraine and coronary artery disease: A genome-wide analysis of common variants. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185663. [PMID: 28957430 PMCID: PMC5619824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a recurrent pain condition traditionally viewed as a neurovascular disorder, but little is known of its vascular basis. In epidemiological studies migraine is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD), suggesting shared pathogenic mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the genetic overlap between migraine and CAD, and to identify shared genetic risk loci, utilizing a conditional false discovery rate approach and data from two large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of CAD (C4D, 15,420 cases, 15,062 controls; CARDIoGRAM, 22,233 cases, 64,762 controls) and one of migraine (22,120 cases, 91,284 controls). We found significant enrichment of genetic variants associated with CAD as a function of their association with migraine, which was replicated across two independent CAD GWAS studies. One shared risk locus in the PHACTR1 gene (conjunctional false discovery rate for index SNP rs9349379 < 3.90 x 10−5), which was also identified in previous studies, explained much of the enrichment. Two further loci (in KCNK5 and AS3MT) showed evidence for shared risk (conjunctional false discovery rate < 0.05). The index SNPs at two of the three loci had opposite effect directions in migraine and CAD. Our results confirm previous reports that migraine and CAD share genetic risk loci in excess of what would be expected by chance, and highlight one shared risk locus in PHACTR1. Understanding the biological mechanisms underpinning this shared risk is likely to improve our understanding of both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendik S. Winsvold
- FORMI and Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Verneri Anttila
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Padhraig Gormley
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gisela M. Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias M. Freilinger
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Oleksander Frei
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging & Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Arn M. J. M. van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dale R. Nyholt
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- FORMI and Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Rubchinsky LL, Ahn S, Klijn W, Cumming B, Yates S, Karakasis V, Peyser A, Woodman M, Diaz-Pier S, Deraeve J, Vassena E, Alexander W, Beeman D, Kudela P, Boatman-Reich D, Anderson WS, Luque NR, Naveros F, Carrillo RR, Ros E, Arleo A, Huth J, Ichinose K, Park J, Kawai Y, Suzuki J, Mori H, Asada M, Oprisan SA, Dave AI, Babaie T, Robinson P, Tabas A, Andermann M, Rupp A, Balaguer-Ballester E, Lindén H, Christensen RK, Nakamura M, Barkat TR, Tosi Z, Beggs J, Lonardoni D, Boi F, Di Marco S, Maccione A, Berdondini L, Jędrzejewska-Szmek J, Dorman DB, Blackwell KT, Bauermeister C, Keren H, Braun J, Dornas JV, Mavritsaki E, Aldrovandi S, Bridger E, Lim S, Brunel N, Buchin A, Kerr CC, Chizhov A, Huberfeld G, Miles R, Gutkin B, Spencer MJ, Meffin H, Grayden DB, Burkitt AN, Davey CE, Tao L, Tiruvadi V, Ali R, Mayberg H, Butera R, Gunay C, Lamb D, Calabrese RL, Doloc-Mihu A, López-Madrona VJ, Matias FS, Pereda E, Mirasso CR, Canals S, Geminiani A, Pedrocchi A, D’Angelo E, Casellato C, Chauhan A, Soman K, Srinivasa Chakravarthy V, Muddapu VR, Chuang CC, Chen NY, Bayati M, Melchior J, Wiskott L, Azizi AH, Diba K, Cheng S, Smirnova EY, Yakimova EG, Chizhov AV, Chen NY, Shih CT, Florescu D, Coca D, Courtiol J, Jirsa VK, Covolan RJM, Teleńczuk B, Kempter R, Curio G, Destexhe A, Parker J, Klishko AN, Prilutsky BI, Cymbalyuk G, Franke F, Hierlemann A, da Silveira RA, Casali S, Masoli S, Rizza M, Rizza MF, Masoli S, Sun Y, Wong W, Farzan F, Blumberger DM, Daskalakis ZJ, Popovych S, Viswanathan S, Rosjat N, Grefkes C, Daun S, Gentiletti D, Suffczynski P, Gnatkovski V, De Curtis M, Lee H, Paik SB, Choi W, Jang J, Park Y, Song JH, Song M, Pallarés V, Gilson M, Kühn S, Insabato A, Deco G, Glomb K, Ponce-Alvarez A, Ritter P, Gilson M, Campo AT, Thiele A, Deeba F, Robinson PA, van Albada SJ, Rowley A, Hopkins M, Schmidt M, Stokes AB, Lester DR, Furber S, Diesmann M, Barri A, Wiechert MT, DiGregorio DA, Dimitrov AG, Vich C, Berg RW, Guillamon A, Ditlevsen S, Cazé RD, Girard B, Doncieux S, Doyon N, Boahen F, Desrosiers P, Laurence E, Doyon N, Dubé LJ, Eleonora R, Durstewitz D, Schmidt D, Mäki-Marttunen T, Krull F, Bettella F, Metzner C, Devor A, Djurovic S, Dale AM, Andreassen OA, Einevoll GT, Næss S, Ness TV, Halnes G, Halgren E, Halnes G, Mäki-Marttunen T, Pettersen KH, Andreassen OA, Sætra MJ, Hagen E, Schiffer A, Grzymisch A, Persike M, Ernst U, Harnack D, Ernst UA, Tomen N, Zucca S, Pasquale V, Pica G, Molano-Mazón M, Chiappalone M, Panzeri S, Fellin T, Oie KS, Boothe DL, Crone JC, Yu AB, Felton MA, Zulfiqar I, Moerel M, De Weerd P, Formisano E, Boothe DL, Crone JC, Felton MA, Oie K, Franaszczuk P, Diggelmann R, Fiscella M, Hierlemann A, Franke F, Guarino D, Antolík J, Davison AP, Frègnac Y, Etienne BX, Frohlich F, Lefebvre J, Marcos E, Mattia M, Genovesio A, Fedorov LA, Dijkstra TM, Sting L, Hock H, Giese MA, Buhry L, Langlet C, Giovannini F, Verbist C, Salvadé S, Giugliano M, Henderson JA, Wernecke H, Sándor B, Gros C, Voges N, Dabrovska P, Riehle A, Brochier T, Grün S, Gu Y, Gong P, Dumont G, Novikov NA, Gutkin BS, Tewatia P, Eriksson O, Kramer A, Santos J, Jauhiainen A, Kotaleski JH, Belić JJ, Kumar A, Kotaleski JH, Shimono M, Hatano N, Ahmad S, Cui Y, Hawkins J, Senk J, Korvasová K, Tetzlaff T, Helias M, Kühn T, Denker M, Mana P, Grün S, Dahmen D, Schuecker J, Goedeke S, Keup C, Goedeke S, Heuer K, Bakker R, Tiesinga P, Toro R, Qin W, Hadjinicolaou A, Grayden DB, Ibbotson MR, Kameneva T, Lytton WW, Mulugeta L, Drach A, Myers JG, Horner M, Vadigepalli R, Morrison T, Walton M, Steele M, Anthony Hunt C, Tam N, Amaducci R, Muñiz C, Reyes-Sánchez M, Rodríguez FB, Varona P, Cronin JT, Hennig MH, Iavarone E, Yi J, Shi Y, Zandt BJ, Van Geit W, Rössert C, Markram H, Hill S, O’Reilly C, Iavarone E, Shi Y, Perin R, Lu H, Zandt BJ, Bryson A, Rössert C, Hadrava M, Hlinka J, Hosaka R, Olenik M, Houghton C, Iannella N, Launey T, Kameneva T, Kotsakidis R, Meffin H, Soriano J, Kubo T, Inoue T, Kida H, Yamakawa T, Suzuki M, Ikeda K, Abbasi S, Hudson AE, Heck DH, Jaeger D, Lee J, Abbasi S, Janušonis S, Saggio ML, Spiegler A, Stacey WC, Bernard C, Lillo D, Bernard C, Petkoski S, Spiegler A, Drakesmith M, Jones DK, Zadeh AS, Kambhampati C, Karbowski J, Kaya ZG, Lakretz Y, Treves A, Li LW, Lizier J, Kerr CC, Masquelier T, Kheradpisheh SR, Kim H, Kim CS, Marakshina JA, Vartanov AV, Neklyudova AA, Kozlovskiy SA, Kiselnikov AA, Taniguchi K, Kitano K, Schmitt O, Lessmann F, Schwanke S, Eipert P, Meinhardt J, Beier J, Kadir K, Karnitzki A, Sellner L, Klünker AC, Kuch L, Ruß F, Jenssen J, Wree A, Sanz-Leon P, Knock SA, Chien SC, Maess B, Knösche TR, Cohen CC, Popovic MA, Klooster J, Kole MH, Roberts EA, Kopell NJ, Kepple D, Giaffar H, Rinberg D, Koulakov A, Forlim CG, Klock L, Bächle J, Stoll L, Giemsa P, Fuchs M, Schoofs N, Montag C, Gallinat J, Lee RX, Stephens GJ, Kuhn B, Tauffer L, Isope P, Inoue K, Ohmura Y, Yonekura S, Kuniyoshi Y, Jang HJ, Kwag J, de Kamps M, Lai YM, dos Santos F, Lam KP, Andras P, Imperatore J, Helms J, Tompa T, Lavin A, Inkpen FH, Ashby MC, Lepora NF, Shifman AR, Lewis JE, Zhang Z, Feng Y, Tetzlaff C, Kulvicius T, Li Y, Pena RFO, Bernardi D, Roque AC, Lindner B, Bernardi D, Vellmer S, Saudargiene A, Maninen T, Havela R, Linne ML, Powanwe A, Longtin A, Naveros F, Garrido JA, Graham JW, Dura-Bernal S, Angulo SL, Neymotin SA, Antic SD. 26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 2. BMC Neurosci 2017. [PMCID: PMC5592442 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-017-0371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Witoelar A, Jansen IE, Wang Y, Desikan RS, Gibbs JR, Blauwendraat C, Thompson WK, Hernandez DG, Djurovic S, Schork AJ, Bettella F, Ellinghaus D, Franke A, Lie BA, McEvoy LK, Karlsen TH, Lesage S, Morris HR, Brice A, Wood NW, Heutink P, Hardy J, Singleton AB, Dale AM, Gasser T, Andreassen OA, Sharma M. Genome-wide Pleiotropy Between Parkinson Disease and Autoimmune Diseases. JAMA Neurol 2017; 74:780-792. [PMID: 28586827 PMCID: PMC5710535 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and pathway analyses supported long-standing observations of an association between immune-mediated diseases and Parkinson disease (PD). The post-GWAS era provides an opportunity for cross-phenotype analyses between different complex phenotypes. Objectives To test the hypothesis that there are common genetic risk variants conveying risk of both PD and autoimmune diseases (ie, pleiotropy) and to identify new shared genetic variants and their pathways by applying a novel statistical framework in a genome-wide approach. Design, Setting, and Participants Using the conjunction false discovery rate method, this study analyzed GWAS data from a selection of archetypal autoimmune diseases among 138 511 individuals of European ancestry and systemically investigated pleiotropy between PD and type 1 diabetes, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis. NeuroX data (6927 PD cases and 6108 controls) were used for replication. The study investigated the biological correlation between the top loci through protein-protein interaction and changes in the gene expression and methylation levels. The dates of the analysis were June 10, 2015, to March 4, 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was a list of novel loci and their pathways involved in PD and autoimmune diseases. Results Genome-wide conjunctional analysis identified 17 novel loci at false discovery rate less than 0.05 with overlap between PD and autoimmune diseases, including known PD loci adjacent to GAK, HLA-DRB5, LRRK2, and MAPT for rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. Replication confirmed the involvement of HLA, LRRK2, MAPT, TRIM10, and SETD1A in PD. Among the novel genes discovered, WNT3, KANSL1, CRHR1, BOLA2, and GUCY1A3 are within a protein-protein interaction network with known PD genes. A subset of novel loci was significantly associated with changes in methylation or expression levels of adjacent genes. Conclusions and Relevance The study findings provide novel mechanistic insights into PD and autoimmune diseases and identify a common genetic pathway between these phenotypes. The results may have implications for future therapeutic trials involving anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aree Witoelar
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iris E. Jansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Rahul S. Desikan
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dena G. Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Sciences Graduate Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Benedicte A. Lie
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda K. McEvoy
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom H. Karlsen
- K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UM 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Récherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Huw R. Morris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (NHNN), University College London, London, England
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UM 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Récherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Nicholas W. Wood
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England
| | - Peter Heutink
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - John Hardy
- Rita Lila Weston Institute, University College London, London, England
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Thomas Gasser
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Doan NT, Kaufmann T, Bettella F, Jørgensen KN, Brandt CL, Moberget T, Alnæs D, Douaud G, Duff E, Djurovic S, Melle I, Ueland T, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Distinct multivariate brain morphological patterns and their added predictive value with cognitive and polygenic risk scores in mental disorders. Neuroimage Clin 2017; 15:719-731. [PMID: 28702349 PMCID: PMC5491456 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The brain underpinnings of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders are multidimensional, reflecting complex pathological processes and causal pathways, requiring multivariate techniques to disentangle. Furthermore, little is known about the complementary clinical value of brain structural phenotypes when combined with data on cognitive performance and genetic risk. Using data-driven fusion of cortical thickness, surface area, and gray matter density maps (GMD), we found six biologically meaningful patterns showing strong group effects, including four statistically independent multimodal patterns reflecting co-occurring alterations in thickness and GMD in patients, over and above two other independent patterns of widespread thickness and area reduction. Case-control classification using cognitive scores alone revealed high accuracy, and adding imaging features or polygenic risk scores increased performance, suggesting their complementary predictive value with cognitive scores being the most sensitive features. Multivariate pattern analyses reveal distinct patterns of brain morphology in mental disorders, provide insights on the relative importance between brain structure, cognitive and polygenetic risk score in classification of patients, and demonstrate the importance of multivariate approaches in studying the pathophysiological substrate of these complex disorders. Linked ICA showed six independent multivariate morphology patterns sensitive to SZ. Machine learning used to compare brain structure, cognitive and genetic scores. Cognition showed highest prediction of SZ, boosted by brain structure or genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Lycke Brandt
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eugene Duff
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Le Hellard S, Wang Y, Witoelar A, Zuber V, Bettella F, Hugdahl K, Espeseth T, Steen VM, Melle I, Desikan R, Schork AJ, Thompson WK, Dale AM, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA. Identification of Gene Loci That Overlap Between Schizophrenia and Educational Attainment. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:654-664. [PMID: 27338279 PMCID: PMC5463752 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence for genetic overlap between cognitive abilities and schizophrenia (SCZ), and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) demonstrate that both SCZ and general cognitive abilities have a strong polygenic component with many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) each with a small effect. Here we investigated the shared genetic architecture between SCZ and educational attainment, which is regarded as a "proxy phenotype" for cognitive abilities, but may also reflect other traits. We applied a conditional false discovery rate (condFDR) method to GWAS of SCZ (n = 82 315), college completion ("College," n = 95 427), and years of education ("EduYears," n = 101 069). Variants associated with College or EduYears showed enrichment of association with SCZ, demonstrating polygenic overlap. This was confirmed by an increased replication rate in SCZ. By applying a condFDR threshold <0.01, we identified 18 genomic loci associated with SCZ after conditioning on College and 15 loci associated with SCZ after conditioning on EduYears. Ten of these loci overlapped. Using conjunctional FDR, we identified 10 loci shared between SCZ and College, and 29 loci shared between SCZ and EduYears. The majority of these loci had effects in opposite directions. Our results provide evidence for polygenic overlap between SCZ and educational attainment, and identify novel pleiotropic loci. Other studies have reported genetic overlap between SCZ and cognition, or SCZ and educational attainment, with negative correlation. Importantly, our methods enable identification of bi-directional effects, which highlight the complex relationship between SCZ and educational attainment, and support polygenic mechanisms underlying both cognitive dysfunction and creativity in SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;,Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;,Multimodal Imaging Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA;,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Verena Zuber
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;,NCMM, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kenneth Hugdahl
- NORMENT, Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vidar M. Steen
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;,Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rahul Desikan
- Multimodal Imaging Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA;,Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- Multimodal Imaging Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA;,Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Multimodal Imaging Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA;,Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA;,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;,Multimodal Imaging Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Zuber V, Bettella F, Witoelar A, Andreassen OA, Mills IG, Urbanucci A. Bromodomain protein 4 discriminates tissue-specific super-enhancers containing disease-specific susceptibility loci in prostate and breast cancer. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:270. [PMID: 28359301 PMCID: PMC5374680 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic information can be used to identify clinically relevant genomic variants single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of functional importance in cancer development. Super-enhancers are cell-specific DNA elements, acting to determine tissue or cell identity and driving tumor progression. Although previous approaches have been tried to explain risk associated with SNPs in regulatory DNA elements, so far epigenetic readers such as bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4) and super-enhancers have not been used to annotate SNPs. In prostate cancer (PC), androgen receptor (AR) binding sites to chromatin have been used to inform functional annotations of SNPs. RESULTS Here we establish criteria for enhancer mapping which are applicable to other diseases and traits to achieve the optimal tissue-specific enrichment of PC risk SNPs. We used stratified Q-Q plots and Fisher test to assess the differential enrichment of SNPs mapping to specific categories of enhancers. We find that BRD4 is the key discriminant of tissue-specific enhancers, showing that it is more powerful than AR binding information to capture PC specific risk loci, and can be used with similar effect in breast cancer (BC) and applied to other diseases such as schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to evaluate the enrichment of epigenetic readers in genome-wide associations studies for SNPs within enhancers, and provides a powerful tool for enriching and prioritizing PC and BC genetic risk loci. Our study represents a proof of principle applicable to other diseases and traits that can be used to redefine molecular mechanisms of human phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Zuber
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aree Witoelar
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - the CRUK GWAS
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PCUK Movember Centre of Excellence, CCRCB, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
| | - the TRICL Consortium
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PCUK Movember Centre of Excellence, CCRCB, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ian G. Mills
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PCUK Movember Centre of Excellence, CCRCB, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
| | - Alfonso Urbanucci
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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