1
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John A, Olden JD, Oldfather MF, Kling MM, Ackerly DD. Topography influences diurnal and seasonal microclimate fluctuations in hilly terrain environments of coastal California. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300378. [PMID: 38551923 PMCID: PMC10980203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the topographic basis for microclimatic variation remains fundamental to predicting the site level effects of warming air temperatures. Quantifying diurnal fluctuation and seasonal extremes in relation to topography offers insight into the potential relationship between site level conditions and changes in regional climate. The present study investigated an annual understory temperature regime for 50 sites distributed across a topographically diverse area (>12 km2) comprised of mixed evergreen-deciduous woodland vegetation typical of California coastal ranges. We investigated the effect of topography and tree cover on site-to-site variation in near-surface temperatures using a combination of multiple linear regression and multivariate techniques. Sites in topographically depressed areas (e.g., valley bottoms) exhibited larger seasonal and diurnal variation. Elevation (at 10 m resolution) was found to be the primary driver of daily and seasonal variations, in addition to hillslope position, canopy cover and northness. The elevation effect on seasonal mean temperatures was inverted, reflecting large-scale cold-air pooling in the study region, with elevated minimum and mean temperature at higher elevations. Additionally, several of our sites showed considerable buffering (dampened diurnal and seasonal temperature fluctuations) compared to average regional conditions measured at an on-site weather station. Results from this study help inform efforts to extrapolate temperature records across large landscapes and have the potential to improve our ecological understanding of fine-scale seasonal climate variation in coastal range environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aji John
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Meagan F. Oldfather
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America
| | - Matthew M. Kling
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - David D. Ackerly
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
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2
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Danet A, Giam X, Olden JD, Comte L. Past and recent anthropogenic pressures drive rapid changes in riverine fish communities. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:442-453. [PMID: 38291153 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how and why local communities change is a pressing task for conservation, especially in freshwater systems. It remains challenging because of the complexity of biodiversity changes, driven by the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of human pressures. Using a compilation of riverine fish community time series (93% between 1993 and 2019) across the Palaearctic, Nearctic and Australasia realms, we assessed how past and recent anthropogenic pressures drive community changes across both space and time. We found evidence of rapid changes in community composition of 30% per decade characterized by important changes in the dominant species, together with a 13% increase in total abundance per decade and a 7% increase in species richness per decade. The spatial heterogeneity in these trends could be traced back to the strength and timing of anthropogenic pressures and was mainly mediated by non-native species introductions. Specifically, we demonstrate that the negative effects of anthropogenic pressures on species richness and total abundance were compensated over time by the establishment of non-native species, a pattern consistent with previously reported biotic homogenization at the global scale. Overall, our study suggests that accounting for the complexity of community changes and its drivers is a crucial step to reach global conservation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Danet
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA.
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Xingli Giam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
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3
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Siqueira T, Hawkins CP, Olden JD, Tonkin J, Comte L, Saito VS, Anderson TL, Barbosa GP, Bonada N, Bonecker CC, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Datry T, Flinn MB, Fortuño P, Gerrish GA, Haase P, Hill MJ, Hood JM, Huttunen KL, Jeffries MJ, Muotka T, O'Donnell DR, Paavola R, Paril P, Paterson MJ, Patrick CJ, Perbiche-Neves G, Rodrigues LC, Schneider SC, Straka M, Ruhi A. Understanding temporal variability across trophic levels and spatial scales in freshwater ecosystems. Ecology 2024; 105:e4219. [PMID: 38037301 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A tenet of ecology is that temporal variability in ecological structure and processes tends to decrease with increasing spatial scales (from locales to regions) and levels of biological organization (from populations to communities). However, patterns in temporal variability across trophic levels and the mechanisms that produce them remain poorly understood. Here we analyzed the abundance time series of spatially structured communities (i.e., metacommunities) spanning basal resources to top predators from 355 freshwater sites across three continents. Specifically, we used a hierarchical partitioning method to disentangle the propagation of temporal variability in abundance across spatial scales and trophic levels. We then used structural equation modeling to determine if the strength and direction of relationships between temporal variability, synchrony, biodiversity, and environmental and spatial settings depended on trophic level and spatial scale. We found that temporal variability in abundance decreased from producers to tertiary consumers but did so mainly at the local scale. Species population synchrony within sites increased with trophic level, whereas synchrony among communities decreased. At the local scale, temporal variability in precipitation and species diversity were associated with population variability (linear partial coefficient, β = 0.23) and population synchrony (β = -0.39) similarly across trophic levels, respectively. At the regional scale, community synchrony was not related to climatic or spatial predictors, but the strength of relationships between metacommunity variability and community synchrony decreased systematically from top predators (β = 0.73) to secondary consumers (β = 0.54), to primary consumers (β = 0.30) to producers (β = 0). Our results suggest that mobile predators may often stabilize metacommunities by buffering variability that originates at the base of food webs. This finding illustrates that the trophic structure of metacommunities, which integrates variation in organismal body size and its correlates, should be considered when investigating ecological stability in natural systems. More broadly, our work advances the notion that temporal stability is an emergent property of ecosystems that may be threatened in complex ways by biodiversity loss and habitat fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeu Siqueira
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Charles P Hawkins
- Department of Watershed Sciences, National Aquatic Monitoring Center, and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jonathan Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Te Pūnaha Matatini, Centre of Research Excellence in Complex Systems, Bioprotection Aotearoa, Centre of Research Excellence, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Victor S Saito
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Thomas L Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois, USA
| | - Gedimar P Barbosa
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Núria Bonada
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Michael B Flinn
- Hancock Biological Station, Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky, USA
| | - Pau Fortuño
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gretchen A Gerrish
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Center for Limnology-Trout Lake Station, Boulder Junction, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthew J Hill
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - James M Hood
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Timo Muotka
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniel R O'Donnell
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Riku Paavola
- Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petr Paril
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J Paterson
- International Institute for Sustainable Development Experimental Lakes Area, Kenora, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute p.r.i., Brno Branch Office, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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4
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Chen K, Midway SR, Peoples BK, Wang B, Olden JD. Shifting taxonomic and functional community composition of rivers under land use change. Ecology 2023; 104:e4155. [PMID: 37611172 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Land use intensification has led to conspicuous changes in plant and animal communities across the world. Shifts in trait-based functional composition have recently been hypothesized to manifest at lower levels of environmental change when compared to species-based taxonomic composition; however, little is known about the commonalities in these responses across taxonomic groups and geographic regions. We investigated this hypothesis by testing for taxonomic and geographic similarities in the composition of riverine fish and insect communities across gradients of land use in major hydrological regions of the conterminous United States. We analyzed an extensive data set representing 556 species and 33 functional trait modalities from 8023 fish communities and 1434 taxa and 50 trait modalities from 5197 aquatic insect communities. Our results demonstrate abrupt threshold changes in both taxonomic and functional community composition due to land use conversion. Functional composition consistently demonstrated lower land use threshold responses compared to taxonomic composition for both fish (urban p = 0.069; agriculture p = 0.029) and insect (urban p = 0.095; agriculture p = 0.043) communities according to gradient forest models. We found significantly lower thresholds for urban versus agricultural land use for fishes (taxonomic and functional p < 0.001) and insects (taxonomic p = 0.001; functional p = 0.033). We further revealed that threshold responses in functional composition were more geographically consistent than for taxonomic composition to both urban and agricultural land use change. Traits contributing the most to overall functional composition change differed along urban and agricultural land gradients and conformed to predicted ecological mechanisms underpinning community change. This study points to reliable early-warning thresholds that accurately forecast compositional shifts in riverine communities to land use conversion, and highlight the importance of considering trait-based indicators of community change to inform large-scale land use management strategies and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Stephen R Midway
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brandon K Peoples
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Beixin Wang
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Hull EA, Stiling RR, Barajas M, Neumann RB, Olden JD, Gawel JE. Littoral sediment arsenic concentrations predict arsenic trophic transfer and human health risk in contaminated lakes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293214. [PMID: 37856511 PMCID: PMC10586660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lake sediments store metal contaminants from historic pesticide and herbicide use and mining operations. Historical regional smelter operations in the Puget Sound lowlands have resulted in arsenic concentrations exceeding 200 μg As g-1 in urban lake sediments. Prior research has elucidated how sediment oxygen demand, warmer sediment temperatures, and alternating stratification and convective mixing in shallow lakes results in higher concentrations of arsenic in aquatic organisms when compared to deeper, seasonally stratified lakes with similar levels of arsenic pollution in profundal sediments. In this study we examine the trophic pathways for arsenic transfer through the aquatic food web of urban lakes in the Puget Sound lowlands, measuring C and N isotopes-to determine resource usage and trophic level-and total and inorganic arsenic in primary producers and primary and secondary consumers. Our results show higher levels of arsenic in periphyton than in other primary producers, and higher concentrations in snails than zooplankton or insect macroinvertebrates. In shallow lakes arsenic concentrations in littoral sediment are similar to deep profundal sediments due to arsenic remobilization, mixing, and redeposition, resulting in direct arsenic exposure to littoral benthic organisms such as periphyton and snails. The influence of littoral sediment on determining arsenic trophic transfer is evidenced by our results which show significant correlations between total arsenic in littoral sediment and total arsenic in periphyton, phytoplankton, zooplankton, snails, and fish across multiple lakes. We also found a consistent relationship between percent inorganic arsenic and trophic level (determined by δ15N) in lakes with different depths and mixing regimes. Cumulatively, these results combine to provide a strong empirical relationship between littoral sediment arsenic levels and inorganic arsenic in edible species that can be used to screen lakes for potential human health risk using an easy, inexpensive sampling and analysis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A. Hull
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rebekah R. Stiling
- Water and Land Resources Division, King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Marco Barajas
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rebecca B. Neumann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - James E. Gawel
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington, United States of America
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6
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Faiad SM, Williams MA, Goodman M, Sokolow S, Olden JD, Mitchell K, Andriantsoa R, Gordon Jones JP, Andriamaro L, Ravoniarimbinina P, Rasamy J, Ravelomanana T, Ravelotafita S, Ravo R, Rabinowitz P, De Leo GA, Wood CL. Temperature affects predation of schistosome-competent snails by a novel invader, the marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290615. [PMID: 37703262 PMCID: PMC10499222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The human burden of environmentally transmitted infectious diseases can depend strongly on ecological factors, including the presence or absence of natural enemies. The marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis) is a novel invasive species that can tolerate a wide range of ecological conditions and colonize diverse habitats. Marbled crayfish first appeared in Madagascar in 2005 and quickly spread across the country, overlapping with the distribution of freshwater snails that serve as the intermediate host of schistosomiasis-a parasitic disease of poverty with human prevalence ranging up to 94% in Madagascar. It has been hypothesized that the marbled crayfish may serve as a predator of schistosome-competent snails in areas where native predators cannot and yet no systematic study to date has been conducted to estimate its predation rate on snails. Here, we experimentally assessed marbled crayfish consumption of uninfected and infected schistosome-competent snails (Biomphalaria glabrata and Bulinus truncatus) across a range of temperatures, reflective of the habitat range of the marbled crayfish in Madagascar. We found that the relationship between crayfish consumption and temperature is unimodal with a peak at ~27.5°C. Per-capita consumption increased with body size and was not affected either by snail species or their infectious status. We detected a possible satiation effect, i.e., a small but significant reduction in per-capita consumption rate over the 72-hour duration of the predation experiment. Our results suggest that ecological parameters, such as temperature and crayfish weight, influence rates of consumption and, in turn, the potential impact of the marbled crayfish invasion on snail host populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Faiad
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Maureen A. Williams
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD, United States of America
| | - Maurice Goodman
- Hopkins Marine Station, Dept. of Oceans and of Earth System Science, Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Susanne Sokolow
- Hopkins Marine Station, Dept. of Oceans and of Earth System Science, Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Mitchell
- Hopkins Marine Station, Dept. of Oceans and of Earth System Science, Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Ranja Andriantsoa
- Réseau International Schistosomiase Environnement Aménagement et Lutte (RISEAL) Madagascar, Madagascar
| | | | - Luciano Andriamaro
- Réseau International Schistosomiase Environnement Aménagement et Lutte (RISEAL) Madagascar, Madagascar
| | | | - Jeanne Rasamy
- Réseau International Schistosomiase Environnement Aménagement et Lutte (RISEAL) Madagascar, Madagascar
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Tsilavina Ravelomanana
- Réseau International Schistosomiase Environnement Aménagement et Lutte (RISEAL) Madagascar, Madagascar
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Salohy Ravelotafita
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Ranaivosolo Ravo
- Department of Zoology and Animal Biodiversity, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Peter Rabinowitz
- Department of Environmental/Occupational Health Sciences, Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Center for One Health Research (COHR), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Giulio A. De Leo
- Hopkins Marine Station, Dept. of Oceans and of Earth System Science, Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Chelsea L. Wood
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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7
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Stiling RR, Olden JD, Boulêtreau S, Cucherousset J, Holtgrieve GW. Global investigation of lake habitat coupling by fishes. Oecologia 2023:10.1007/s00442-023-05424-8. [PMID: 37493858 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Habitat coupling, where consumers acquire resources from different habitats, plays an important role in ecosystem functioning. In this study, we provide a global investigation of lake habitat coupling by freshwater fishes between littoral (nearshore) and pelagic (open water) zones and elucidate the extent to which magnitude of coupling varies according to environmental context and consumer traits. We consider the influence of lake factors (surface area, depth, shoreline complexity, and annual temperature), relative trophic position of consumers, fish community species richness, and fish morphological traits on habitat coupling by fishes. Using a worldwide dataset consisting of fish stable isotope values (δ13C and δ15N), we developed an index of habitat coupling, and used Bayesian hierarchical and non-hierarchical beta regressions to estimate the effects of environmental lake context and morphological traits on habitat coupling by fishes. Our results show high rates of habitat coupling among fishes globally with marked taxonomic differences in the magnitude and variation. Habitat coupling was higher in lower elevation lakes and in regions characterized by relatively colder climates, whereas other environmental context factors had little or no effects on habitat coupling. Furthermore, habitat coupling was associated with several locomotion and feeding traits, but independent from species maximum body length. Overall, we highlight the prevalence of multiple resources supporting fish populations and suggest future research identify implications to ecosystem functioning that may result from alterations to habitat coupling by fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah R Stiling
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Stéphanie Boulêtreau
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Environnement, INP Toulouse, UMR 5245, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 EDB, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Gordon W Holtgrieve
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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8
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Sax DF, Schlaepfer MA, Olden JD. Identifying key points of disagreement in non-native impacts and valuations. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:501-504. [PMID: 37061398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dov F Sax
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society & Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Martin A Schlaepfer
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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9
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Cooke SJ, Madliger CL, Lennox RJ, Olden JD, Eliason EJ, Cramp RL, Fuller A, Franklin CE, Seebacher F. Biological mechanisms matter in contemporary wildlife conservation. iScience 2023; 26:106192. [PMID: 36895647 PMCID: PMC9988666 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Given limited resources for wildlife conservation paired with an urgency to halt declines and rebuild populations, it is imperative that management actions are tactical and effective. Mechanisms are about how a system works and can inform threat identification and mitigation such that conservation actions that work can be identified. Here, we call for a more mechanistic approach to wildlife conservation and management where behavioral and physiological tools and knowledge are used to characterize drivers of decline, identify environmental thresholds, reveal strategies that would restore populations, and prioritize conservation actions. With a growing toolbox for doing mechanistic conservation research as well as a suite of decision-support tools (e.g., mechanistic models), the time is now to fully embrace the concept that mechanisms matter in conservation ensuring that management actions are tactical and focus on actions that have the potential to directly benefit and restore wildlife populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
- Corresponding author
| | - Christine L. Madliger
- Department of Biology, Algoma University, 1520 Queen St. East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada
| | - Robert J. Lennox
- Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA
| | - Erika J. Eliason
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Cramp
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrea Fuller
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Craig E. Franklin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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10
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Qu X, Olden JD, Xia W, Liu H, Xie Z, Hughes RM, Chen Y. Hydrology and water quality shape macroinvertebrate patterns and facilitate non-native species dispersals in an inter-basin water transfer system. J Environ Manage 2023; 329:117111. [PMID: 36566728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding biotic assemblage variations resulting from water diversions and other pressures is critical for aquatic ecosystem conservation, but hampered by limited research. Mechanisms driving macroinvertebrate assemblages were determined across five lakes along China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project, an over 900-km water transfer system connecting four river basins. We assessed macroinvertebrate patterns from 59 sites in relation to water quality, climatic, spatial, and hydrologic factors. Macroinvertebrate density, biomass, and species richness increased from upriver to downriver lakes, and were higher during the water transfer period than in the non-water transfer period. Non-native species including Nephtys sp., Paranthura japonica, Potamillacf acuminata, Capitekkidae spp. and Novaculina chinensis, were distributed along the entire study system, some become dominant in upriver lakes. High species turnover occurred in two upriver lakes. Hydrology and water quality are critical factors in shaping these macroinvertebrate patterns. Hydrological disturbance by water transfer boosted macroinvertebrate abundance during the water transfer period while facilitated non-native species dispersals and increased biotic homogenization. This study indicates the need for: 1) an effective ecosystem monitoring system; 2) unified system management standards; 3) external pollution controls; and 4) limiting the dispersal of non-native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Wentong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhicai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Robert M Hughes
- Amnis Opes Institute, Corvallis, OR, USA; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Yushun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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11
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Garcia F, Paz-Vinas I, Gaujard A, Olden JD, Cucherousset J. Multiple lines and levels of evidence for avian zoochory promoting fish colonization of artificial lakes. Biol Lett 2023; 19:20220533. [PMID: 36946133 PMCID: PMC10031398 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how obligate freshwater organisms colonize seemingly isolated ecosystems has long fascinated ecologists. While recent investigations reveal that fish eggs can survive the digestive tract of birds and successfully hatch once deposited, evidence for avian zoochory in natura is still lacking. Here, we used a 'multiple lines and levels of evidence' approach to demonstrate possible bird-mediated colonization of lakes by the European perch (Perca fluviatilis). We studied a set of newly-formed and isolated artificial lakes that the public is either prohibited to access because of gravel extraction or allowed to access (mainly for angling). The motivating observation is that a large proportion of prohibited-access lakes (greater than 80%) were colonized by European perch even though stocking by anglers and managers never occurred. Three supplementary lines of evidence supported avian zoochory. First, European perch spawning occurs when waterfowl abundance is very high. Second, European perch lays sticky eggs at shallow depths where they can be eaten by waterfowls or attached to their bodies. Third, genetic analyses suggested that European perch actually migrate among lakes, and that distances moved match with daily flight range of foraging waterfowl. Together, multiple lines of evidence point to avian zoochory as a probable pathway for fish colonizing remote or newly-formed freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Garcia
- UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ivan Paz-Vinas
- UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Gaujard
- Fédération des Chasseurs de Haute-Garonne, 17 Avenue Jean Gonord, BP 5861, 31506 Toulouse Cedex 5, France
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, 31062 Toulouse, France
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12
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Carvajal-Quintero J, Comte L, Giam X, Olden JD, Brose U, Erős T, Filipe AF, Fortin MJ, Irving K, Jacquet C, Larsen S, Ruhi A, Sharma S, Villalobos F, Tedesco PA. Scale of population synchrony confirms macroecological estimates of minimum viable range size. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:291-301. [PMID: 36468276 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Global ecosystems are facing a deepening biodiversity crisis, necessitating robust approaches to quantifying species extinction risk. The lower limit of the macroecological relationship between species range and body size has long been hypothesized as an estimate of the relationship between the minimum viable range size (MVRS) needed for species persistence and the organismal traits that affect space and resource requirements. Here, we perform the first explicit test of this assumption by confronting the MVRS predicted by the range-body size relationship with an independent estimate based on the scale of synchrony in abundance among spatially separated populations of riverine fish. We provide clear evidence of a positive relationship between the scale of synchrony and species body size, and strong support for the MVRS set by the lower limit of the range-body size macroecological relationship. This MVRS may help prioritize first evaluations for unassessed or data-deficient taxa in global conservation assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carvajal-Quintero
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Xingli Giam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tibor Erős
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, ELKH, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Ana Filipa Filipe
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marie-Josée Fortin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie Irving
- Department of Biology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, California, USA
| | - Claire Jacquet
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Larsen
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabricio Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Macroecología Evolutiva, Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Pablo A Tedesco
- UMR EDB, IRD 253, CNRS 5174, UPS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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13
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Datry T, Truchy A, Olden JD, Busch MH, Stubbington R, Dodds WK, Zipper S, Yu S, Messager ML, Tonkin JD, Kaiser KE, Hammond JC, Moody EK, Burrows RM, Sarremejane R, DelVecchia AG, Fork ML, Little CJ, Walker RH, Walters AW, Allen D. Causes, Responses, and Implications of Anthropogenic versus Natural Flow Intermittence in River Networks. Bioscience 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Rivers that do not flow year-round are the predominant type of running waters on Earth. Despite a burgeoning literature on natural flow intermittence (NFI), knowledge about the hydrological causes and ecological effects of human-induced, anthropogenic flow intermittence (AFI) remains limited. NFI and AFI could generate contrasting hydrological and biological responses in rivers because of distinct underlying causes of drying and evolutionary adaptations of their biota. We first review the causes of AFI and show how different anthropogenic drivers alter the timing, frequency and duration of drying, compared with NFI. Second, we evaluate the possible differences in biodiversity responses, ecological functions, and ecosystem services between NFI and AFI. Last, we outline knowledge gaps and management needs related to AFI. Because of the distinct hydrologic characteristics and ecological impacts of AFI, ignoring the distinction between NFI and AFI could undermine management of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams and exacerbate risks to the ecosystems and societies downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Datry
- INRAE , UR RiverLy, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne France
| | - Amélie Truchy
- INRAE , UR RiverLy, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne France
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle Washington, United States
| | - Michelle H Busch
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Walter K Dodds
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University , Manhattan, Kansas, United States
| | - Sam Zipper
- Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Songyan Yu
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University , Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mathis L Messager
- Department of Geography, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury , Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kendra E Kaiser
- Department of Geosciences, Boise State University , Boise, Idaho, United States
| | - John C Hammond
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - Eric K Moody
- Department of Biology, Middlebury College , Middlebury, Vermont, United States
| | - Ryan M Burrows
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne , Burnley Campus, Burnley, Victoria, Australia
| | - Romain Sarremejane
- INRAE , UR RiverLy, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne France
| | - Amanda G DelVecchia
- Department of Biology, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Megan L Fork
- Department of Biology, West Chester University , West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Chelsea J Little
- Department of Biology, West Chester University , West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Richard H Walker
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Upper Iowa University , Fayette, Iowa, United States
| | - Annika W Walters
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming , Larame, Wyoming, United States
| | - Daniel Allen
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
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14
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Sax DF, Schlaepfer MA, Olden JD. Valuing the contributions of non-native species to people and nature. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 37:1058-1066. [PMID: 36210286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
While decision-making can benefit from considering positive and negative outcomes of change, over the past half-century, research on non-native species has focused predominately on their negative impacts. Here we provide a framework for considering the positive consequences of non-native species relative to relational, instrumental, and intrinsic values. We demonstrate that their beneficial outcomes are common and profoundly important for human well-being. Identified benefits include social cohesion, cultural identity, mental health, food and fuel production, regulation of clean waters, and attenuation of climate change. We argue that long-standing biases against non-native species within the literature have clouded the scientific process and hampered policy advances and sound public understanding. Future research should consider both costs and benefits of non-native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dov F Sax
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society & Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Martin A Schlaepfer
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Wenger SJ, Stowe ES, Gido KB, Freeman MC, Kanno Y, Franssen NR, Olden JD, Poff NL, Walters AW, Bumpers PM, Mims MC, Hooten MB, Lu X. Simple statistical models can be sufficient for testing hypotheses with population time‐series data. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9339. [PMID: 36188518 PMCID: PMC9514214 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Time‐series data offer wide‐ranging opportunities to test hypotheses about the physical and biological factors that influence species abundances. Although sophisticated models have been developed and applied to analyze abundance time series, they require information about species detectability that is often unavailable. We propose that in many cases, simpler models are adequate for testing hypotheses. We consider three relatively simple regression models for time series, using simulated and empirical (fish and mammal) datasets. Model A is a conventional generalized linear model of abundance, model B adds a temporal autoregressive term, and model C uses an estimate of population growth rate as a response variable, with the option of including a term for density dependence. All models can be fit using Bayesian and non‐Bayesian methods. Simulation results demonstrated that model C tended to have greater support for long‐lived, lower‐fecundity organisms (K life‐history strategists), while model A, the simplest, tended to be supported for shorter‐lived, high‐fecundity organisms (r life‐history strategists). Analysis of real‐world fish and mammal datasets found that models A, B, and C each enjoyed support for at least some species, but sometimes yielded different insights. In particular, model C indicated effects of predictor variables that were not evident in analyses with models A and B. Bayesian and frequentist models yielded similar parameter estimates and performance. We conclude that relatively simple models are useful for testing hypotheses about the factors that influence abundance in time‐series data, and can be appropriate choices for datasets that lack the information needed to fit more complicated models. When feasible, we advise fitting datasets with multiple models because they can provide complementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth J. Wenger
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Edward S. Stowe
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Keith B. Gido
- Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Mary C. Freeman
- U.S. Geological Survey Eastern Ecological Science Center Athens Georgia USA
| | - Yoichiro Kanno
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | | | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - N. LeRoy Poff
- Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Annika W. Walters
- U.S. Geological Survey Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology and Program in Ecology University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming USA
| | | | - Meryl C. Mims
- Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
| | - Mevin B. Hooten
- Department of Statistics and Data Sciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | - Xinyi Lu
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
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16
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Luiz OJ, Olden JD, Kennard MJ, Crook DA, Douglas MM, Saunders TM, Wedd D, Adair B, King AJ. Substantial intraspecific trait variation across a hydrological gradient in northern Australian fishes. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Osmar J. Luiz
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Australian Rivers Institute Griffith University Nathan Queensland Australia
| | - Mark J. Kennard
- Australian Rivers Institute Griffith University Nathan Queensland Australia
| | - David A. Crook
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia
- Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems La Trobe University Wodonga Victoria Australia
| | - Michael M. Douglas
- School of Biological Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Thor M. Saunders
- Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries Darwin Northern Territory Australia
| | - Dion Wedd
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia
| | - Brendan Adair
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia
| | - Alison J. King
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia
- Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems La Trobe University Wodonga Victoria Australia
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17
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Golebie EJ, van Riper CJ, Arlinghaus R, Gaddy M, Jang S, Kochalski S, Lu Y, Olden JD, Stedman R, Suski C. Words matter: a systematic review of communication in non-native aquatic species literature. NB 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.74.79942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
How scientists communicate can influence public viewpoints on invasive species. In the scientific literature, some invasion biologists adopt neutral language, while others use more loaded language, for example by emphasizing the devastating impacts of invasive species and outlining consequences for policy and practice. An evaluation of the use of language in the invasion biology literature does not exist, preventing us from understanding which frames are used and whether there are correlations between message framing in scientific papers and local environmental impacts associated with invasive species. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature review of 278 peer-reviewed articles published from 2008–2018 to understand communication styles adopted by social and natural scientists while reporting on aquatic non-native species research. Species-centered frames (45%) and human-centered frames (55%) were adopted to nearly equal degrees. Negative valence was dominant in that 81.3% of articles highlighted the negative risks and impacts of invasive species. Additionally, the use of terminology was found to broadly align with the stage of invasion, in that “invasive” was most commonly used except when the research was conducted at early stages of invasion, when “non-native” was most commonly used. Terminology use therefore enables readers of scientific papers to infer the status and severity of ongoing invasions. Given that science communication within the peer-reviewed literature affects public understanding of research outcomes, these findings provide an important point of reflection for researchers.
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18
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Krabbenhoft CA, Allen GH, Lin P, Godsey SE, Allen DC, Burrows RM, DelVecchia AG, Fritz KM, Shanafield M, Burgin AJ, Zimmer MA, Datry T, Dodds WK, Jones CN, Mims MC, Franklin C, Hammond JC, Zipper S, Ward AS, Costigan KH, Beck HE, Olden JD. Assessing placement bias of the global river gauge network. Nat Sustain 2022; 5:586-592. [PMID: 36213515 PMCID: PMC9534037 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-022-00873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Knowing where and when rivers flow is paramount to managing freshwater ecosystems. Yet stream gauging stations are distributed sparsely across rivers globally and may not capture the diversity of fluvial network properties and anthropogenic influences. Here we evaluate the placement bias of a global stream gauge dataset on its representation of socioecological, hydrologic, climatic and physiographic diversity of rivers. We find that gauges are located disproportionally in large, perennial rivers draining more human-occupied watersheds. Gauges are sparsely distributed in protected areas and rivers characterized by non-perennial flow regimes, both of which are critical to freshwater conservation and water security concerns. Disparities between the geography of the global gauging network and the broad diversity of streams and rivers weakens our ability to understand critical hydrologic processes and make informed water-management and policy decisions. Our findings underscore the need to address current gauge placement biases by investing in and prioritizing the installation of new gauging stations, embracing alternative water-monitoring strategies, advancing innovation in hydrologic modelling, and increasing accessibility of local and regional gauging data to support human responses to water challenges, both today and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey A. Krabbenhoft
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research and Education in Energy, Environment and Water (RENEW) Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - George H. Allen
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Peirong Lin
- Institute of Remote Sensing and GIS, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sarah E. Godsey
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, USA
| | - Daniel C. Allen
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ryan M. Burrows
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Burnley, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ken M. Fritz
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Margaret Shanafield
- National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amy J. Burgin
- Kansas Biological Survey–Center for Ecological Research, Environmental Studies Program, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Margaret A. Zimmer
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR Riverly, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Walter K. Dodds
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - C. Nathan Jones
- Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Meryl C. Mims
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Catherin Franklin
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - John C. Hammond
- US Geological Survey MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, Catonsville, MD, USA
| | - Sam Zipper
- Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Adam S. Ward
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Hylke E. Beck
- Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Wildlife, Fish & Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
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19
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Thurman LL, Gross JE, Mengelt C, Beever EA, Thompson LM, Schuurman GW, Hoving CL, Olden JD. Applying assessments of adaptive capacity to inform natural-resource management in a changing climate. Conserv Biol 2022; 36:e13838. [PMID: 34622995 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive capacity (AC)-the ability of a species to cope with or accommodate climate change-is a critical determinant of species vulnerability. Using information on species' AC in conservation planning is key to ensuring successful outcomes. We identified connections between a list of species' attributes (e.g., traits, population metrics, and behaviors) that were recently proposed for assessing species' AC and management actions that may enhance AC for species at risk of extinction. Management actions were identified based on evidence from the literature, a review of actions used in other climate adaptation guidance, and our collective experience in diverse fields of global-change ecology and climate adaptation. Selected management actions support the general AC pathways of persist in place or shift in space, in response to contemporary climate change. Some actions, such as genetic manipulations, can be used to directly alter the ability of species to cope with climate change, whereas other actions can indirectly enhance AC by addressing ecological or anthropogenic constraints on the expression of a species' innate abilities to adapt. Ours is the first synthesis of potential management actions directly linked to AC. Focusing on AC attributes helps improve understanding of how and why aspects of climate are affecting organisms, as well as the mechanisms by which management interventions affect a species' AC and climate change vulnerability. Adaptive-capacity-informed climate adaptation is needed to build connections among the causes of vulnerability, AC, and proposed management actions that can facilitate AC and reduce vulnerability in support of evolving conservation paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey L Thurman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northwest Climate Adaptation Science Center, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - John E Gross
- National Park Service, Climate Change Response Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Claudia Mengelt
- U.S. Geological Survey, Land Management Research Program, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Erik A Beever
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, Montana, USA
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Laura M Thompson
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Adaptation Science Center, Reston, Virginia, USA
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gregor W Schuurman
- National Park Service, Climate Change Response Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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20
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Williams OF, Tabor RA, DeHaan PW, Kuehne LM, Olden JD, Hall C. Seasonal Catch Rates of the Endemic Olympic Mudminnow in Wetland Habitat. Northwest Science 2022. [DOI: 10.3955/046.095.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia F. Williams
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 500 Desmond Drive SE, Lacey, Washington 98503
| | - Roger A. Tabor
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 500 Desmond Drive SE, Lacey, Washington 98503
| | - Patrick W. DeHaan
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 500 Desmond Drive SE, Lacey, Washington 98503
| | - Lauren M. Kuehne
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Julian D. Olden
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Carlisha Hall
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 500 Desmond Drive SE, Lacey, Washington 98503
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21
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Harper M, Rytwinski T, Taylor JJ, Bennett JR, Smokorowski KE, Olden JD, Clarke KD, Pratt T, Fisher N, Leake A, Cooke SJ. How do changes in flow magnitude due to hydropower operations affect fish abundance and biomass in temperate regions? A systematic review. Environ Evid 2022; 11:3. [PMID: 35136590 PMCID: PMC8813579 DOI: 10.1186/s13750-021-00254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altering the natural flow regime, an essential component of healthy fluvial systems, through hydropower operations has the potential to negatively impact freshwater fish populations. Establishing improved management of flow regimes requires better understanding of how fish respond to altered flow components, such as flow magnitude. Based on the results of a recent systematic map on the impacts of flow regime changes on direct outcomes of freshwater or estuarine fish productivity, evidence clusters on fish abundance and biomass responses were identified for full systematic review. The primary goal of this systematic review is to address one of those evidence clusters, with the following research question: how do changes in flow magnitude due to hydropower operations affect fish abundance and biomass? METHODS This review follows the guidelines of the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence. It examined commercially published and grey literature originally identified during the systematic map process and a systematic search update. All articles were screened using an a priori eligibility criteria at two stages (title and abstract, and full-text) and consistency checks were performed at all stages. All eligible articles were assessed for study validity and specifically designed data extraction and study validity tools were used. A narrative synthesis included all available evidence and meta-analysis using the standardized mean difference (Hedges' g) was conducted where appropriate. REVIEW FINDINGS A total of 133 studies from 103 articles were included in this systematic review for data extraction and critical appraisal. Most studies were from North America (60%) and were conducted at 146 different hydropower dams/facilities. Meta-analysis included 268 datasets from 58 studies, separated into three analyses based on replication type [temporal (within or between year replication) or spatial]. Fish abundance (226 datasets) and biomass (30 datasets) had variable responses to changes in flow magnitude with estimated overall mean effect sizes ranging from positive to negative and varying by study design and taxa. In studies with temporal replication, we found a detectable effect of alterations to the direction of flow magnitude, the presence of other flow components, sampling methods, season, and fish life stage. However, we found no detectable effect of these moderators for studies with spatial replication. Taxonomic analyses indicated variable responses to changes in flow magnitude and a bias towards salmonid species. CONCLUSIONS This synthesis did not find consistent patterns in fish abundance or biomass responses to alterations or changes in flow magnitude. Fish responses to flow magnitude alterations or changes were highly variable and context dependent. Our synthesis suggests that biotic responses may not be generalizable across systems impacted by hydroelectric power production and operations, where specific features of the system may be highly influential. Site-specific and adaptive management may be necessary. To improve study validity and interpretability, studies with long-term continuous monitoring, and both temporal and spatial replication are needed. When this gold standard is unfeasible, studies should strive, at minimum, to maximize replication within both intervention and comparator groups for either temporal or spatial designs. To further address knowledge gaps, studies are needed that focus on non-salmonids, multiple seasons, and systems outside of North America. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13750-021-00254-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan Harper
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Trina Rytwinski
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Jessica J. Taylor
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Joseph R. Bennett
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Karen E. Smokorowski
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON Canada
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Keith D. Clarke
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John’s, NF Canada
| | - Tom Pratt
- Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON Canada
| | - Neil Fisher
- Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Alf Leake
- BC Hydro Environment, Burnaby, BC Canada
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON Canada
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22
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Rogosch JS, Olden JD. Comparing opportunistic and strategic removal efforts to manage invasive fish species using a dynamic multi‐state occupancy model. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane S. Rogosch
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA
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23
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Thompson BK, Olden JD, Converse SJ. Mechanistic invasive species management models and their application in conservation. Conservat Sci and Prac 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brielle K. Thompson
- Quantitative Ecology and Resource Management Program University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Sarah J. Converse
- US Geological Survey Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences & School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
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24
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Hull EA, Barajas M, Burkart KA, Fung SR, Jackson BP, Barrett PM, Neumann RB, Olden JD, Gawel JE. Human health risk from consumption of aquatic species in arsenic-contaminated shallow urban lakes. Sci Total Environ 2021; 770:145318. [PMID: 33736365 PMCID: PMC8032223 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) causes cancer and non-cancer health effects in humans. Previous research revealed As concentrations over 200 μg g-1 in lake sediments in the south-central Puget Sound region affected by the former ASARCO copper smelter in Ruston, WA, and significant bioaccumulation of As in plankton in shallow lakes. Enhanced uptake occurs during summertime stratification and near-bottom anoxia when As is mobilized from sediments. Periodic mixing events in shallow lakes allow dissolved As to mix into oxygenated waters and littoral zones where biota reside. We quantify As concentrations and associated health risks in human-consumed tissues of sunfish [pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)], crayfish [signal (Pacifastacus leniusculus) and red swamp (Procambarus clarkii)], and snails [Chinese mystery (Bellamya chinensis)] from lakes representing a gradient of As contamination and differing mixing regimes. In three shallow lakes with a range of arsenic in profundal sediments (20 to 206 μg As g-1), mean arsenic concentrations ranged from 2.9 to 46.4 μg g-1 in snails, 2.6 to 13.9 μg g-1 in crayfish, and 0.07 to 0.61 μg g-1 in sunfish. Comparatively, organisms in the deep, contaminated lake (208 μg g-1 in profundal sediments) averaged 11.8 μg g-1 in snails and 0.06 μg g-1 in sunfish. Using inorganic As concentrations, we calculated that consuming aquatic species from the most As-contaminated shallow lake resulted in 4-10 times greater health risks compared to the deep lake with the same arsenic concentrations in profundal sediments. We show that dynamics in shallow, polymictic lakes can result in greater As bioavailability compared to deeper, seasonally stratified lakes. Arsenic in oxygenated waters and littoral sediments was more indicative of exposure to aquatic species than profundal sediments, and therefore we recommend that sampling methods focus on these shallow zones to better indicate the potential for uptake into organisms and human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A Hull
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402, United States.
| | - Marco Barajas
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402, United States
| | - Kenneth A Burkart
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402, United States
| | - Samantha R Fung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, 6105 Fairchild Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Pamela M Barrett
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Rebecca B Neumann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - James E Gawel
- Environmental Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402, United States
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25
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Larsen S, Comte L, Filipa Filipe A, Fortin MJ, Jacquet C, Ryser R, Tedesco PA, Brose U, Erős T, Giam X, Irving K, Ruhi A, Sharma S, Olden JD. The geography of metapopulation synchrony in dendritic river networks. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:791-801. [PMID: 33619868 PMCID: PMC8049041 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic habitats, such as river ecosystems, promote the persistence of species by favouring spatial asynchronous dynamics among branches. Yet, our understanding of how network topology influences metapopulation synchrony in these ecosystems remains limited. Here, we introduce the concept of fluvial synchrogram to formulate and test expectations regarding the geography of metapopulation synchrony across watersheds. By combining theoretical simulations and an extensive fish population time‐series dataset across Europe, we provide evidence that fish metapopulations can be buffered against synchronous dynamics as a direct consequence of network connectivity and branching complexity. Synchrony was higher between populations connected by direct water flow and decayed faster with distance over the Euclidean than the watercourse dimension. Likewise, synchrony decayed faster with distance in headwater than mainstem populations of the same basin. As network topology and flow directionality generate fundamental spatial patterns of synchrony in fish metapopulations, empirical synchrograms can aid knowledge advancement and inform conservation strategies in complex habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Larsen
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy.,Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Ana Filipa Filipe
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marie-Josée Fortin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Claire Jacquet
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Complex Systems Lab, INRAE - Centre Clermont-Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 9 avenue Blaise Pascal, Aubière,, 63170, France.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Remo Ryser
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Pablo A Tedesco
- UMR EDB, CNRS 5174, UPS, Université Paul Sabatier, IRD 253, Toulouse, France
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Tibor Erős
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg K. u. 3, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Xingli Giam
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Katie Irving
- Biology Department, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA, 92626, USA.,Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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26
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Azevedo-Santos VM, Arcifa MS, Brito MFG, Agostinho AA, Hughes RM, Vitule JR, Simberloff D, Olden JD, Pelicice FM. Negative impacts of mining on Neotropical freshwater fishes. Neotrop ichthyol 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Mining activities have significantly affected the Neotropical freshwater ichthyofauna, the most diverse in the world. However, no study has systematized knowledge on the subject. In this review, we assembled information on the main impacts of mining of crude oil, gold, iron, copper, and bauxite on aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing Neotropical freshwater fishes. The information obtained shows that mining activities generate several different disturbances, mainly via input of crude oil, metals and other pollutants, erosion and siltation, deforestation, and road construction. Mining has resulted in direct and indirect losses of fish diversity in several Neotropical waterbodies. The negative impacts on the ichthyofauna may change the structure of communities, compromise entire food chains, and erode ecosystem services provided by freshwater fishes. Particularly noteworthy is that mining activities (legal and illegal) are widespread in the Neotropics, and often located within or near protected areas. Actions to prevent and mitigate impacts, such as inspection, monitoring, management, and restoration plans, have been cursory or absent. In addition, there is strong political pressure to expand mining; if – or when – this happens, it will increase the potential of the activity to further diminish the diversity of Neotropical freshwater fishes.
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27
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Olden JD, Whattam E, Wood SA. Online auction marketplaces as a global pathway for aquatic invasive species. Hydrobiologia 2021; 848:1967-1979. [PMID: 32958963 PMCID: PMC7495140 DOI: 10.1007/s10750-020-04407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The ornamental aquarium pet trade is a leading pathway for the introduction of aquatic invasive species. In addition to purchasing live organisms in stores, hobbyists are engaging more with alternative informal online marketplaces that enable peer-to-peer selling of aquarium organisms via auctions. Although growing in popularity, little is known regarding the global extent of informal marketplaces, including the taxonomy of species that are traded, their economic value, and the geographic routes by which live organisms are transported. In this study we use an automated web crawler to collect data on completed auctions between 2011 and 2017 from the largest informal market for aquarium hobbyists, AquaBid, to understand the market dynamics and trade flows of the informal retail market online. During the 7-year study period, the AquaBid website facilitated the estimated trade of 539,548 live freshwater animals, 579,700 fish eggs, and 31,431 plant assortments/bunches among 24,409 unique users who collectively placed 444,132 bids on 192,227 auctions, representing a total sale value of $6,015,030 USD. Source (seller) and recipient (buyer) locations of live organisms were distributed across 39 countries but concentrated largely in major cities of the United States and select European and southeast Asian countries. Our study is among the first to quantify geographic routes of live organism transport between specific locations on the landscape and demonstrates the highly diffuse and non-centralized nature of the informal aquarium trade. Evaluating the emerging challenges represented by informal online retail marketplaces is critical to create policy and regulatory solutions that minimize the transport of prohibited invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Ethen Whattam
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Spencer A. Wood
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Kuehne
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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29
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Abstract
Prevention of aquatic invasive species is a fundamental management challenge. With hundreds of millions of people participating in fishing trips each year, understanding angler movements that transmit invasive species can provide critical insight into the most effective locations and scales at which to apply preventative measures. Recent evidence suggests that mobile technologies provide new opportunities to understand different types of angler movement behaviour beyond what is possible with infrequently and sparsely conducted in-person boat surveys and mail questionnaires. Here we capitalise on data provided by ReelSonar’s iBobber, a sonar-enabled bobber with over 5 M recorded fishing locations, globally. By quantifying geographic patterns of fishing activities and assessing how these patterns change seasonally, we explore angler behaviour across the entire continental United States in terms of fishing frequency and distance travelled between sites and characterise the attributes of fished ecosystems. We found that iBobber users (anglers) undertook 66,918 trips to 20,049 different water-bodies over a two-year period. Anglers who use iBobber were more likely to visit larger, deeper and more urbanised water-bodies and these water-bodies were over five times more likely to be a reservoir compared to a lake. Inter-water-body travel road distances averaged 93 km (SD = 277 km; range < 1–300 km) and nearly half of these movements occurred over a timespan of two days or less, a timeframe that we show falls well within the desiccation tolerance window of many prevalent plant and animal invasive species. Our study offers novel insight into spatiotemporal patterns of angler behaviour well beyond the geographical and temporal extent of conventional ground-collected approaches and carries important implications for predicting and preventing future transmission of aquatic invasive species via recreational fishing.
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30
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Chen K, Olden JD. Threshold responses of riverine fish communities to land use conversion across regions of the world. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:4952-4965. [PMID: 32564461 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The growing human enterprise has sparked greater interest in identifying ecological thresholds in land use conversion beyond which populations or communities demonstrate abrupt nonlinear or substantive change in species composition. Such knowledge remains fundamental to understanding ecosystem resilience to environmental degradation and informing land use planning into the future. Confronting this challenge has been largely limited to inferring thresholds in univariate metrics of species richness and indices of biotic integrity and has largely ignored how land use legacies of the past may shape community responses of today. By leveraging data for 13,069 riverine sites from temperate, subtropical, and boreal climate zones on four continents, we characterize patterns of community change along diverse gradients of urbanization and agricultural land use, and identity threshold values beyond which significant alterations in species composition exists. Our results demonstrate the apparent universality by which freshwater fish communities are sensitive to even low levels of watershed urbanization (range of threshold values: 1%-12%), but consistently higher (and more variable) levels of agricultural development (2%-37%). We demonstrated that fish community compositional thresholds occurred, in general, at lower levels of watershed urbanization and agriculture when compared to threshold responses in species richness. This supports the notion that aggregated taxon-specific responses may better reflect the complexity of assemblage responses to land use development. We further revealed that the ghost of land use past plays an important role in moderating how current-day fish communities respond to land use intensification. Subbasins of the United States experiencing greater rates of past land use change demonstrated higher current-day thresholds. Threshold responses of community composition, such as those identified in our study, illustrate the need for globally coordinated efforts to prioritize country-specific management and policy initiatives that ensure that freshwater fish diversity is not inevitably lost in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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31
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Allen DC, Datry T, Boersma KS, Bogan MT, Boulton AJ, Bruno D, Busch MH, Costigan KH, Dodds WK, Fritz KM, Godsey SE, Jones JB, Kaletova T, Kampf SK, Mims MC, Neeson TM, Olden JD, Pastor AV, Poff NL, Ruddell BL, Ruhi A, Singer G, Vezza P, Ward AS, Zimmer M. River ecosystem conceptual models and non-perennial rivers: A critical review. WIREs Water 2020; 7:e1473. [PMID: 33365126 PMCID: PMC7751680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conceptual models underpin river ecosystem research. However, current models focus on continuously flowing rivers and few explicitly address characteristics such as flow cessation and drying. The applicability of existing conceptual models to nonperennial rivers that cease to flow (intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams, IRES) has not been evaluated. We reviewed 18 models, finding that they collectively describe main drivers of biogeochemical and ecological patterns and processes longitudinally (upstream-downstream), laterally (channel-riparian-floodplain), vertically (surface water-groundwater), and temporally across local and landscape scales. However, perennial rivers are longitudinally continuous while IRES are longitudinally discontinuous. Whereas perennial rivers have bidirectional lateral connections between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, in IRES, this connection is unidirectional for much of the time, from terrestrial-to-aquatic only. Vertical connectivity between surface and subsurface water occurs bidirectionally and is temporally consistent in perennial rivers. However, in IRES, this exchange is temporally variable, and can become unidirectional during drying or rewetting phases. Finally, drying adds another dimension of flow variation to be considered across temporal and spatial scales in IRES, much as flooding is considered as a temporally and spatially dynamic process in perennial rivers. Here, we focus on ways in which existing models could be modified to accommodate drying as a fundamental process that can alter these patterns and processes across spatial and temporal dimensions in streams. This perspective is needed to support river science and management in our era of rapid global change, including increasing duration, frequency, and occurrence of drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Allen
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR-RIVERLY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, CEDEX France
| | - Kate S. Boersma
- Department of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Michael T. Bogan
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Andrew J. Boulton
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Bruno
- Department of Biodiversity and Restoration, Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Katie H. Costigan
- School of Geosciences, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Walter K. Dodds
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Ken M. Fritz
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sarah E. Godsey
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho
| | - Jeremy B. Jones
- Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska
| | - Tatiana Kaletova
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Stephanie K. Kampf
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Meryl C. Mims
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Thomas M. Neeson
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queens Land, Australia
| | - Amandine V. Pastor
- CE3C, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - N. LeRoy Poff
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Benjamin L. Ruddell
- School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Gabriel Singer
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paolo Vezza
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - Adam S. Ward
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Margaret Zimmer
- Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California
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32
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Busch MH, Costigan KH, Fritz KM, Datry T, Krabbenhoft CA, Hammond JC, Zimmer M, Olden JD, Burrows RM, Dodds WK, Boersma KS, Shanafield M, Kampf SK, Mims MC, Bogan MT, Ward AS, Rocha MP, Godsey S, Allen GH, Blaszczak JR, Jones CN, Allen DC. What's in a Name? Patterns, Trends, and Suggestions for Defining Non-Perennial Rivers and Streams. Water (Basel) 2020; 12:1980. [PMID: 33274073 PMCID: PMC7707420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rivers that cease to flow are globally prevalent. Although many epithets have been used for these rivers, a consensus on terminology has not yet been reached. Doing so would facilitate a marked increase in interdisciplinary interest as well as critical need for clear regulations. Here we reviewed literature from Web of Science database searches of 12 epithets to learn (Objective 1-O1) if epithet topics are consistent across Web of Science categories using latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling. We also analyzed publication rates and topics over time to (O2) assess changes in epithet use. We compiled literature definitions to (O3) identify how epithets have been delineated and, lastly, suggest universal terms and definitions. We found a lack of consensus in epithet use between and among various fields. We also found that epithet usage has changed over time, as research focus has shifted from description to modeling. We conclude that multiple epithets are redundant. We offer specific definitions for three epithets (non-perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral) to guide consensus on epithet use. Limiting the number of epithets used in non-perennial river research can facilitate more effective communication among research fields and provide clear guidelines for writing regulatory documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H. Busch
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Katie H. Costigan
- School of Geosciences, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Ken M. Fritz
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLY, Centre Lyon-Villeurbanne, CEDEX 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Corey A. Krabbenhoft
- College of Arts and Sciences and RENEW Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14228, USA
| | - John C. Hammond
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Margaret Zimmer
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Ryan M. Burrows
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Burnley, VIC 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Water, Docklands 3005, VIC 3008, Australia
| | - Walter K. Dodds
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Kate S. Boersma
- Department of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110, USA
| | - Margaret Shanafield
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia
| | - Stephanie K. Kampf
- Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Meryl C. Mims
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Michael T. Bogan
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Adam S. Ward
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | - Sarah Godsey
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
| | - George H. Allen
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joanna R. Blaszczak
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - C. Nathan Jones
- Department of Biological Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
| | - Daniel C. Allen
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
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Li D, Olden JD, Lockwood JL, Record S, McKinney ML, Baiser B. Changes in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in the Anthropocene. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200777. [PMID: 32546087 PMCID: PMC7329034 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand how ecosystems are changing, a multifaceted approach to measuring biodiversity that considers species richness (SR) and evolutionary history across spatial scales is needed. Here, we compiled 162 datasets for fish, bird and plant assemblages across the globe and measured how taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity changed at different spatial scales (within site α diversity and between sites spatial β diversity). Biodiversity change is measured from these datasets in three ways: across land use gradients, from species lists, and through sampling of the same locations across two time periods. We found that local SR and phylogenetic α diversity (Faith's PD (phylogenetic diversity)) increased for all taxonomic groups. However, when measured with a metric that is independent of SR (phylogenetic species variation, PSV), phylogenetic α diversity declined for all taxonomic groups. Land use datasets showed declines in SR, Faith's PD and PSV. For all taxonomic groups and data types, spatial taxonomic and phylogenetic β diversity decreased when measured with Sorensen dissimilarity and phylogenetic Sorensen dissimilarity, respectively, providing strong evidence of global biotic homogenization. The decoupling of α and β diversity, as well as taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity, highlights the need for a broader perspective on contemporary biodiversity changes. Conservation and environmental policy decisions thus need to consider biodiversity beyond local SR to protect biodiversity and ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijiang Li
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Julie L. Lockwood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sydne Record
- Department of Biology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010, USA
| | - Michael L. McKinney
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Benjamin Baiser
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Zimmer MA, Kaiser KE, Blaszczak JR, Zipper SC, Hammond JC, Fritz KM, Costigan KH, Hosen J, Godsey SE, Allen GH, Kampf S, Burrows RM, Krabbenhoft CA, Dodds W, Hale R, Olden JD, Shanafield M, DelVecchia AG, Ward AS, Mims MC, Datry T, Bogan MT, Boersma KS, Busch MH, Jones CN, Burgin AJ, Allen DC. Zero or not? Causes and consequences of zero-flow stream gage readings. WIREs Water 2020; 7:10.1002/wat2.1436. [PMID: 32802326 PMCID: PMC7425737 DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Streamflow observations can be used to understand, predict, and contextualize hydrologic, ecological, and biogeochemical processes and conditions in streams. Stream gages are point measurements along rivers where streamflow is measured, and are often used to infer upstream watershed-scale processes. When stream gages read zero, this may indicate that the stream has fully dried; however, zero-flow readings can also be caused by a wide range of other factors. Our ability to identify whether or not a zero-flow gage reading indicates a dry fluvial system has far reaching environmental implications. Incorrect identification and interpretation by the data user can lead to hydrologic, ecological, and/or biogeochemical predictions from models and analyses. Here, we describe several causes of zero-flow gage readings: frozen surface water, flow reversals, instrument error, and natural or human-driven upstream source losses or bypass flow. For these examples, we discuss the implications of zero-flow interpretations. We also highlight additional methodss for determining flow presence, including direct observations, statistical methods, and hydrologic models, which can be applied to interpret causes of zero-flow gage readings and implications for reach- and watershed-scale dynamics. Such efforts are necessary to improve our ability to understand and predict surface flow activation, cessation, and connectivity across river networks. Developing this integrated understanding of the wide range of possible meanings of zero-flows will only attain greater importance in a more variable and changing hydrologic climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Zimmer
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California
| | - Kendra E Kaiser
- Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho
| | - Joanna R Blaszczak
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Samuel C Zipper
- Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - John C Hammond
- U.S. Geological Survey, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ken M Fritz
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Katie H Costigan
- School of Geosciences, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana
| | - Jacob Hosen
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Sarah E Godsey
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho
| | - George H Allen
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Stephanie Kampf
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Ryan M Burrows
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Corey A Krabbenhoft
- College of Arts and Sciences and Research and Education in Energy, Environment and Water (RENEW) Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Walter Dodds
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Rebecca Hale
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Margaret Shanafield
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Adam S Ward
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Meryl C Mims
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR Riverly, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Michael T Bogan
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kate S Boersma
- Department of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, California
| | | | - C Nathan Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Amy J Burgin
- University of Kansas and Kansas Biological Survey, Lawrence, Kansas
| | - Daniel C Allen
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
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35
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Tickner D, Opperman JJ, Abell R, Acreman M, Arthington AH, Bunn SE, Cooke SJ, Dalton J, Darwall W, Edwards G, Harrison I, Hughes K, Jones T, Leclère D, Lynch AJ, Leonard P, McClain ME, Muruven D, Olden JD, Ormerod SJ, Robinson J, Tharme RE, Thieme M, Tockner K, Wright M, Young L. Bending the Curve of Global Freshwater Biodiversity Loss: An Emergency Recovery Plan. Bioscience 2020; 70:330-342. [PMID: 32284631 PMCID: PMC7138689 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their limited spatial extent, freshwater ecosystems host remarkable biodiversity, including one-third of all vertebrate species. This biodiversity is declining dramatically: Globally, wetlands are vanishing three times faster than forests, and freshwater vertebrate populations have fallen more than twice as steeply as terrestrial or marine populations. Threats to freshwater biodiversity are well documented but coordinated action to reverse the decline is lacking. We present an Emergency Recovery Plan to bend the curve of freshwater biodiversity loss. Priority actions include accelerating implementation of environmental flows; improving water quality; protecting and restoring critical habitats; managing the exploitation of freshwater ecosystem resources, especially species and riverine aggregates; preventing and controlling nonnative species invasions; and safeguarding and restoring river connectivity. We recommend adjustments to targets and indicators for the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Sustainable Development Goals and roles for national and international state and nonstate actors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin Abell
- Conservation International, Arlington, Virginia
| | - Mike Acreman
- Director of Hydroecology Consulting, Wallingford, and a fellow of the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Angela H Arthington
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stuart E Bunn
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Environmental science and biology for the Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Dalton
- Global Water Programme for the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Gland, Switzerland
| | - Will Darwall
- Head of the IUCN Freshwater Biodiversity Unit, Global Species Programme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Edwards
- Global coordinator of Nature 2020, WWF International in Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Harrison
- IUCN-SSC Freshwater Conservation Committee and Conservation International, Arlington Virgnina
| | - Kathy Hughes
- Freshwater specialist for WWF-UK in Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Jones
- DJEnvironmental, Harpers Mill, United Kingdom
| | - David Leclère
- International Institute for Applied System Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Abigail J Lynch
- National Climate Adaptation Science Center, US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia
| | - Philip Leonard
- Freshwater Practice, WWF International in Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E McClain
- Ecohydrology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education and with the Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dean Muruven
- Freshwater Practice of WWF International, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steve J Ormerod
- Ecology, Cardiff School of Biosciences and the Water Research Institute, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - James Robinson
- Director of conservation, Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Klement Tockner
- Liebniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries and with the Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Wright
- Director of science for WWF-UK, in Woking, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Young
- Science adviser for WWF-UK, in Woking, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Abstract
The 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) provided crucial environmental protections, spurring research and corresponding development of a network of expertise that represents critical human capital in freshwater conservation. We used social network analysis to evaluate collaboration across organizational types and ecosystem focus by examining connections between authors of freshwater assessments published since the CWA. We found that the freshwater assessment network is highly fragmented, with no trend toward centralization. Persistent cohesion around organizational subgroups and minimal bridging ties suggest the network is better positioned for diversification and innovation than for learning and building a strong history of linked expertise. Despite an abundance of research activity from university-affiliated authors, federal agency authors provide a majority of the bonding and bridging capital, and diverse agencies constitute the core network. Together, our results suggest that government agencies currently play a central role in sustaining the network of expertise in freshwater assessment, protection, and conservation.
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37
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Luiz OJ, Crook DA, Kennard MJ, Olden JD, Saunders TM, Douglas MM, Wedd D, King AJ. Does a bigger mouth make you fatter? Linking intraspecific gape variability to body condition of a tropical predatory fish. Oecologia 2019; 191:579-585. [PMID: 31583451 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In gape-limited predators, gape size restricts the maximum prey size a predator is capable to ingest. However, studies investigating the energetic consequences of this relationship remain scarce. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that gape-size variability influences individual body condition (a common proxy for fitness) in one of the largest freshwater teleost predators, the barramundi. We found that individual barramundi with larger gapes relative to body size had higher body condition values compared to conspecifics with smaller gapes. Body condition was highest soon after the wet season, a period of high feeding activity on productive inundated floodplains, and body condition decreased as the dry season progressed when fish were restricted to dry season remnant habitats. The increased condition obtained during the wet season apparently offsets weight loss through the dry season, as individuals with large gapes were still in better condition than fish with small gapes in the late-dry season. Elucidation of the links between intraspecific variability in traits and performance is a critical challenge in functional ecology. This study emphasizes that even small intraspecific variability in morphological trait values can potentially affect individual fitness within a species' distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmar J Luiz
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia.
| | - David A Crook
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia
| | - Mark J Kennard
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Julian D Olden
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thor M Saunders
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia
- Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Michael M Douglas
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dion Wedd
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia
| | - Alison J King
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT, 0810, Australia
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38
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Januchowski‐Hartley SR, Mantel SK, Barber‐James HM, Celi J, Olden JD, Piccolo JJ, Hermoso V. Perceptions of a curriculum vitae clinic for conservation science students. Conservation Science and Practice 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukhmani K. Mantel
- Institute for Water ResearchRhodes University Makhanda (Grahamstown) South Africa
| | - Helen M. Barber‐James
- Department of Freshwater InvertebratesAlbany Museum Makhanda (Grahamstown) South Africa
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyRhodes University Makhanda (Grahamstown) South Africa
| | - Jorge Celi
- Grupo de Investigación de Recursos Hídricos y AcuáticosUniversidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam Tena Ecuador
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of Washington Seattle Washington
| | - John J. Piccolo
- Institute for Environmental and Life SciencesKarlstad University Karlstad Sweden
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39
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Rubenson ES, Olden JD. Growth and Recruitment of Nonnative Smallmouth Bass along the Upstream Edge of Its Riverine Distribution. Northwest Science 2019. [DOI: 10.3955/046.093.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika S. Rubenson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, Washington 98195
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40
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Abstract
Dispersal is a fundamental process defining the distribution of organisms and has long been a topic of inquiry in ecology and evolution. Emerging research points to an interdependency of dispersal with a diverse suite of traits in terrestrial organisms, however the extent to which such dispersal syndromes exist in freshwater species remains uncertain. Here, we test whether dispersal in freshwater fishes (1) is a fixed property of species, and (2) correlates with life-history, morphological, ecological and behavioural traits, using a global dataset of dispersal distances collected from the literature encompassing 116 riverine species and 196 locations. Our meta-analysis revealed a high degree of repeatability and heritability in the dispersal estimates and strong associations with traits related to life-history strategies, energy allocation to reproduction, ecological specialization and swimming skills. Together, these results demonstrate that similar to terrestrial organisms, the multi-dimensional nature of dispersal syndromes in freshwater species offer opportunities for the development of a unifying paradigm of movement ecology that transcend taxonomic and biogeographical realms. The high explanatory power of the models also suggests that trait-based and phylogenetic approaches hold considerable promises to inform conservation efforts in a rapidly changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Comte
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, USA
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41
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Anderson EP, Jackson S, Tharme RE, Douglas M, Flotemersch JE, Zwarteveen M, Lokgariwar C, Montoya M, Wali A, Tipa GT, Jardine TD, Olden JD, Cheng L, Conallin J, Cosens B, Dickens C, Garrick D, Groenfeldt D, Kabogo J, Roux DJ, Ruhi A, Arthington AH. Understanding rivers and their social relations: A critical step to advance environmental water management. WIREs Water 2019; 6:10.1002/wat2.1381. [PMID: 31827789 PMCID: PMC6905518 DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
River flows connect people, places, and other forms of life, inspiring and sustaining diverse cultural beliefs, values, and ways of life. The concept of environmental flows provides a framework for improving understanding of relationships between river flows and people, and for supporting those that are mutually beneficial. Nevertheless, most approaches to determining environmental flows remain grounded in the biophysical sciences. The newly revised Brisbane Declaration and Global Action Agenda on Environmental Flows (2018) represents a new phase in environmental flow science and an opportunity to better consider the co-constitution of river flows, ecosystems, and society, and to more explicitly incorporate these relationships into river management. We synthesize understanding of relationships between people and rivers as conceived under the renewed definition of environmental flows. We present case studies from Honduras, India, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia that illustrate multidisciplinary, collaborative efforts where recognizing and meeting diverse flow needs of human populations was central to establishing environmental flow recommendations. We also review a small body of literature to highlight examples of the diversity and interdependencies of human-flow relationships-such as the linkages between river flow and human well-being, spiritual needs, cultural identity, and sense of place-that are typically overlooked when environmental flows are assessed and negotiated. Finally, we call for scientists and water managers to recognize the diversity of ways of knowing, relating to, and utilizing rivers, and to place this recognition at the center of future environmental flow assessments. This article is categorized under: Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness Human Water > Water Governance Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P. Anderson
- Department of Earth and Environment and Institute for Water and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sue Jackson
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rebecca E. Tharme
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
- Riverfutures Ltd, Buxton, UK
| | - Michael Douglas
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Joseph E. Flotemersch
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Margreet Zwarteveen
- IHE-Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Alaka Wali
- Integrated Research Center, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gail T. Tipa
- (Ngai Tahu) Tipa and Associates Ltd, East Taieri, New Zealand
| | - Timothy D. Jardine
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lin Cheng
- Water Practice, Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF-China), Beijing, China
| | - John Conallin
- Institute of Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Chris Dickens
- International Water Management Institute, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Dustin Garrick
- School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jane Kabogo
- Ministry of Water and Irrigation, United Republic of Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Dirk J. Roux
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, George, South Africa
- Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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42
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Reid AJ, Carlson AK, Creed IF, Eliason EJ, Gell PA, Johnson PTJ, Kidd KA, MacCormack TJ, Olden JD, Ormerod SJ, Smol JP, Taylor WW, Tockner K, Vermaire JC, Dudgeon D, Cooke SJ. Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:849-873. [PMID: 30467930 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 682] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the 12 years since Dudgeon et al. (2006) reviewed major pressures on freshwater ecosystems, the biodiversity crisis in the world's lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams and wetlands has deepened. While lakes, reservoirs and rivers cover only 2.3% of the Earth's surface, these ecosystems host at least 9.5% of the Earth's described animal species. Furthermore, using the World Wide Fund for Nature's Living Planet Index, freshwater population declines (83% between 1970 and 2014) continue to outpace contemporaneous declines in marine or terrestrial systems. The Anthropocene has brought multiple new and varied threats that disproportionately impact freshwater systems. We document 12 emerging threats to freshwater biodiversity that are either entirely new since 2006 or have since intensified: (i) changing climates; (ii) e-commerce and invasions; (iii) infectious diseases; (iv) harmful algal blooms; (v) expanding hydropower; (vi) emerging contaminants; (vii) engineered nanomaterials; (viii) microplastic pollution; (ix) light and noise; (x) freshwater salinisation; (xi) declining calcium; and (xii) cumulative stressors. Effects are evidenced for amphibians, fishes, invertebrates, microbes, plants, turtles and waterbirds, with potential for ecosystem-level changes through bottom-up and top-down processes. In our highly uncertain future, the net effects of these threats raise serious concerns for freshwater ecosystems. However, we also highlight opportunities for conservation gains as a result of novel management tools (e.g. environmental flows, environmental DNA) and specific conservation-oriented actions (e.g. dam removal, habitat protection policies, managed relocation of species) that have been met with varying levels of success. Moving forward, we advocate hybrid approaches that manage fresh waters as crucial ecosystems for human life support as well as essential hotspots of biodiversity and ecological function. Efforts to reverse global trends in freshwater degradation now depend on bridging an immense gap between the aspirations of conservation biologists and the accelerating rate of species endangerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Reid
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Andrew K Carlson
- Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
| | - Irena F Creed
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5C8, Canada
| | - Erika J Eliason
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, U.S.A
| | - Peter A Gell
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University Drive, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, 3350, Australia
| | - Pieter T J Johnson
- Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, U.S.A
| | - Karen A Kidd
- Department of Biology and School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Tyson J MacCormack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, U.S.A
| | - Steve J Ormerod
- Water Research Institute & School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, U.K
| | - John P Smol
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - William W Taylor
- Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
| | - Klement Tockner
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, 12587, Germany
| | - Jesse C Vermaire
- Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - David Dudgeon
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada.,Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Thorson JT, Scheuerell MD, Olden JD, Schindler DE. Spatial heterogeneity contributes more to portfolio effects than species variability in bottom-associated marine fishes. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20180915. [PMID: 30282649 PMCID: PMC6191698 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Variance of community abundance will be reduced relative to its theoretical maximum whenever population densities fluctuate asynchronously. Fishing communities and mobile predators can switch among fish species and/or fishing locations with asynchronous dynamics, thereby buffering against variable resource densities (termed 'portfolio effects', PEs). However, whether variation among species or locations represent the dominant contributor to PE remains relatively unexplored. Here, we apply a spatio-temporal model to multidecadal time series (1982-2015) for 20 bottom-associated fishes in seven marine ecosystems. For each ecosystem, we compute the reduction in variance over time in total biomass relative to its theoretical maximum if species and locations were perfectly correlated (total PE). We also compute the reduction in variance due to asynchrony among species at each location (species PE) or the reduction due to asynchrony among locations for each species (spatial PE). We specifically compute total, species and spatial PE in 10-year moving windows to detect changes over time. Our analyses revealed that spatial PE are stronger than species PE in six of seven ecosystems, and that ecosystems where species PE is constant over time can exhibit shifts in locations that strongly contribute to PE. We therefore recommend that spatial and total PE be monitored as ecosystem indicators representing risk exposure for human and natural consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Thorson
- Fisheries Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Mark D Scheuerell
- Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, PO Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel E Schindler
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, PO Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaryllis K. Adey
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98
| | - Lauren M. Kuehne
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis L. Messager
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
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46
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Tandon PS, Kuehne LM, Olden JD. Trends and Knowledge Gaps in the Study of Nature-Based Participation by Latinos in the United States. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15061287. [PMID: 29921776 PMCID: PMC6025174 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence supports health and well-being benefits associated with nature experiences, while also highlighting race- and class-based inequalities in access and exposure. We synthesized the literature on nature contact by Latinos in the United States to assess the state of knowledge and strategically identify research needs to improve outcomes and reduce health disparities for this rapidly growing ethnic group. Our systematic review revealed 108 articles with a notable increase in number of papers over the past 3 decades. We noted that the body of research is focused on certain demographic targets (adults in urban areas) with a relative dearth of knowledge for others (children, seniors, and rural areas). Our analysis also revealed strong compartmentalizing of studies into research “clusters” based on nonoverlapping topics and types of outcomes that are measured. Although one-third of studies explored health outcomes, these studies rarely examined other outcomes or research topics. Moreover, less than 7% of studies reported on interventions. Given the potential for nature contact to enhance health and well-being, there is substantial need for multidisciplinary research that explores interactions between social, cultural, and economic factors, and how those ultimately relate to nature contact and outcomes for Latinos in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja S Tandon
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98121, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Lauren M Kuehne
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
- Center for Creative Conservation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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47
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Franklin TW, Dysthe JC, Rubenson ES, Carim KJ, Olden JD, McKelvey KS, Young MK, Schwartz MK. A Non-Invasive Sampling Method for Detecting Non-Native Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu). Northwest Science 2018. [DOI: 10.3955/046.092.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. Franklin
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana 59801
| | - Joseph C. Dysthe
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana 59801
| | - Erika S. Rubenson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Kellie J. Carim
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana 59801
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Kevin S. McKelvey
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana 59801
| | - Michael K. Young
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana 59801
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana 59801
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48
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Abstract
In an era of global change, the process of biotic homogenisation by which regional biotas become more similar through time has attracted considerable attention from ecologists. Here, a retrospective look at the literature is taken and the question asked how comprehensive is the understanding of this global phenomenon? The goal is to identify potential areas for additional and future enquiries to advance this research frontier and best ensure the long-term preservation of biological diversity across the world. Six propositions are presented here to; (1) broaden our geographic and taxonomic understanding, (2) diversify the spatial and temporal scales of inquiry, (3) reconcile past and embrace new approaches to quantification, (4) improve our knowledge of the underlying drivers, (5) reveal the conservation implications and (6) forecast future homogenisation. It is argued that significant progress in the understanding of the causes, consequences and conservation implication of biotic homogenisation will come by integrating concepts and approaches from ecology, evolution and conservation across a hierarchy of spatial and temporal scales.
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Kominoski JS, Ruhí A, Hagler MM, Petersen K, Sabo JL, Sinha T, Sankarasubramanian A, Olden JD. Patterns and drivers of fish extirpations in rivers of the American Southwest and Southeast. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:1175-1185. [PMID: 29139216 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective conservation of freshwater biodiversity requires spatially explicit investigations of how dams and hydroclimatic alterations among climate regions may interact to drive species to extinction. We investigated how dams and hydroclimatic alterations interact with species ecological and life history traits to influence past extirpation probabilities of native freshwater fishes in the Upper and Lower Colorado River (CR), Alabama-Coosa-Tallapoosa (ACT), and Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) basins. Using long-term discharge data for continuously gaged streams and rivers, we quantified streamflow anomalies (i.e., departure "expected" streamflow) at the sub-basin scale over the past half-century. Next, we related extirpation probabilities of native fishes in both regions to streamflow anomalies, river basin characteristics, species traits, and non-native species richness using binomial logistic regression. Sub-basin extirpations in the Southwest (n = 95 Upper CR, n = 130 Lower CR) were highest in lowland mainstem rivers impacted by large dams and in desert springs. Dampened flow seasonality, increased longevity (i.e., delayed reproduction), and decreased fish egg sizes (i.e., lower parental care) were related to elevated fish extirpation probability in the Southwest. Sub-basin extirpations in the Southeast (ACT n = 46, ACF n = 22) were most prevalent in upland rivers, with flow dependency, greater age and length at maturity, isolation by dams, and greater distance upstream. Our results confirm that dams are an overriding driver of native fish species losses, irrespective of basin-wide differences in native or non-native species richness. Dams and hydrologic alterations interact with species traits to influence community disassembly, and very high extirpation risks in the Southeast are due to interactions between high dam density and species restricted ranges. Given global surges in dam building and retrofitting, increased extirpation risks should be expected unless management strategies that balance flow regulation with ecological outcomes are widely implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Kominoski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Albert Ruhí
- School of Life Sciences and Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), University of Maryland, Annapolis, MD, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Hagler
- Sponsored Research, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, OR, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kelly Petersen
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - John L Sabo
- School of Life Sciences and Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Tushar Sinha
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University - Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Arumugam Sankarasubramanian
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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50
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Abstract
Navigating trade-offs between meeting societal water needs and supporting functioning ecosystems is integral to river management policy. Emerging frameworks provide the opportunity to consider multiple river uses explicitly, but balancing multiple priorities remains challenging. Here we quantify relationships between hydrologic regimes and the abundance of multiple native and nonnative fish species over 18 years in a large, dryland river basin in southwestern United States. These models were incorporated into a multi-objective optimization framework to design dam operation releases that balance human water needs with the dual conservation targets of benefiting native fishes while disadvantaging nonnative fishes. Predicted designer flow prescriptions indicate significant opportunities to favor native over nonnative fishes while rarely, if ever, encroaching on human water needs. The predicted benefits surpass those generated by natural flow mimicry, and were retained across periods of heightened drought. We provide a quantitative illustration of theoretical predictions that designer flows can offer multiple ecological and societal benefits in human-altered rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Chen
- Quantitative Ecology and Resource Management Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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