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Liu J, Wang L, Zhang X, Wang S, Qin Q. Nervous necrosis virus induced vacuolization is a Rab5- and actin-dependent process. Virulence 2024; 15:2301244. [PMID: 38230744 PMCID: PMC10795790 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2301244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic vacuolization is commonly induced by bacteria and viruses, reflecting the complex interactions between pathogens and the host. However, their characteristics and formation remain unclear. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infects more than 100 global fish species, causing enormous economic losses. Vacuolization is a hallmark of NNV infection in host cells, but remains a mystery. In this study, we developed a simple aptamer labelling technique to identify red-spotted grouper NNV (RGNNV) particles in fixed and live cells to explore RGNNV-induced vacuolization. We observed that RGNNV-induced vacuolization was positively associated with the infection time and virus uptake. During infection, most RGNNV particles, as well as viral genes, colocalized with vacuoles, but not giant vacuoles > 3 μm in diameter. Although the capsid protein (CP) is the only structural protein of RGNNV, its overexpression did not induce vacuolization, suggesting that vacuole formation probably requires virus entry and replication. Given that small Rab proteins and the cytoskeleton are key factors in regulating cellular vesicles, we further investigated their roles in RGNNV-induced vacuolization. Using live cell imaging, Rab5, a marker of early endosomes, was continuously located in vacuoles bearing RGNNV during giant vacuole formation. Rab5 is required for vacuole formation and interacts with CP according to siRNA interference and Co-IP analysis. Furthermore, actin formed distinct rings around small vacuoles, while vacuoles were located near microtubules. Actin, but not microtubules, plays an important role in vacuole formation using chemical inhibitors. These results provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis and control of RGNNV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Biosafety Laboratory, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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2
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Kharge JL, M. UK, M.L. J, Newaskar AA, Shetty AU, Sridhar SL. Percutaneous Closure of Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms in Behcet's Disease. JACC Case Rep 2024; 29:102341. [PMID: 38680129 PMCID: PMC11047295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2024.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Behcet's disease is a multisystemic vasculitis. It can affect the pulmonary artery in 2% to 5% cases. We discuss a case of a young male diagnosed with Behcet's disease on immunosuppressive therapy who presented with bilateral pulmonary artery aneurysms which were closed with covered stent and other devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree L. Kharge
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Usha K. M.
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayranganath M.L.
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi A. Newaskar
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ananya U. Shetty
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sastry L. Sridhar
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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3
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Hong J, Dai P, Sun G, Lin L, Lyu H, Chen K. Age-related morphological change in bony segment and cartilage segment of Eustachian tube. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2024; 9:e1262. [PMID: 38741682 PMCID: PMC11089444 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is the predominant cause of otitis media with effusion in children and adults. Balloon dilatation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) provides a new method for restoring the ventilatory function of Eustachian tube (ET). However, the differences in age-related morphological changes in the dimensions and positions of ET in children and adults are unclear. Purpose This study aimed to examine age-related morphological changes in bony and cartilage segments of the ET in a three-dimensional space in normal population. Methods A total of 71 randomly selected computed tomography (CT) images of the temporal bones of 46 people were retrospectively studied in four age groups: A (0-3 years old); B (4-8 years old), C (9-18 years old), and D (19-65 years old). Space analytic geometry was assessed to calculate the dimensions and positions of ET. Results The bony segment of ET lengthened from infancy to adulthood with age in groups A, B and C (r = 0.562**/0.000). The cartilage segment of ET mostly extended with age from infancy to 8 years old in children (r = 0.633**/0.000), but with bending close to the sagittal plane and away from the horizontal plane with age in groups A, B and C (P < .05), and with a constant angle to the coronal plane among the four groups (P > .05). Conclusion The bony and cartilaginous segments of ET exhibit distinct morphological changes in space with age. The bony segment of ET extends in a constant position from infancy to adulthood. In contrast, the cartilaginous segment of the ET indicates multidimensional positional changes until adulthood, in addition to the elongation from infancy to children. This may provide an accurate morphological basis for comparing the differences in ETD pathogenesis and surgical treatment between children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hong
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHuashan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peidong Dai
- ENT InstituteEye & ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guangbin Sun
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHuashan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHuashan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huiying Lyu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Keguang Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryShanghai Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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4
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Evans L, Hutt K. Sudden Cardiac Death in Dancers and Athletes: Time for Increased Cardiac Screening? J Dance Med Sci 2024; 28:132-138. [PMID: 37864364 DOI: 10.1177/1089313x231203052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Young athletes are thought to be models of peak physical condition, capable of exceptional physical accomplishments. However approximately 64 UK athletes aged 12 to 35 will die each year from a phenomenon known as Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD). SCD can be defined as an unexpected death as a result of abrupt loss of cardiac function within an hour of symptom onset. Undiagnosed heart conditions such as arrhythmias are often found to be the cause of SCD. Advantageous physical attributes found in athletes' hearts can complicate diagnoses as hearts with inherited conditions can appear physiologically similar to hearts adapted to strenuous exercise. Growing research surrounding SCD within sporting populations aims to decrease mortality rates however there is an absence of study specifically into SCD in dance. Within sport, the topic of cardiac screening has generated widespread controversy which is fueled by a lack of empirical evidence. There is currently no international consensus of pre participation cardiac screening methods within dance or sport, potentially leaving many dancers and athletes at risk. Methods: As part of this study, existing material surrounding the topics of SCD and cardiac screening in athletes and dancers was gathered. All existing studies at the time of writing in relation to cardiac screening in athletes and dancers were collected and analysed in order to compare results and evaluate the methodological limitations.This process aimed to identify gaps in current knowledge and research to inform future study. Results: This article aimed to analyze the epidemiology of SCD within sport and dance and to make recommendations for pre-participation screening within dance institutions. The study highlights the need to increase awareness of SCD within the dance community and determine appropriate screening approaches depending on context and setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Evans
- London Contemporary Dance School, London, UK
| | - Kim Hutt
- London Studio Centre, London, UK
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Duckett KA, Poupore NS, Carroll WW, Pecha PP. Preoperative Imaging in Patients with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome Undergoing Velopharyngeal Surgery. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:2551-2561. [PMID: 38050953 PMCID: PMC11078621 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of preoperative imaging before velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) surgery in children with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome (22qDS) in evaluating internal carotid artery (ICA) medialization. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL. REVIEW METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was performed. Studies of children with 22qDS who underwent preoperative imaging (MRA or CTA) to identify ICA anomalies were included. High-risk medialized ICAs were defined as either submucosal, retropharyngeal, Pfeiffer Grade III-IV, or <3 mm from the pharyngeal mucosa. Meta-analyses of proportions were performed. RESULTS Eleven studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 398 patients with 22qDS (weighted mean age 7.6 years). In 372 patients with imaging, the rate of ICA medialization on imaging was 47.1% (95%CI 29.2-65.5), of which 46.3% (95%CI 27.4-65.8) were determined high risk. Operative plans were modified in 19.4% (95%CI 5.7-38.8) of 254 surgeries due to medialized ICA. In studies attempting to use nasopharyngoscopy pulsations to identify medialization for 214 patients, the true-positive rate was 53.9% (95%CI 27.5-79.2) and the false-positive rate was 16.2% (95%CI 7.9-26.8). Nine of eleven studies (81.8%) recommended universal preoperative imaging of the ICAs in children with 22qDS undergoing VPD surgery. No cases of perioperative bleeding secondary to ICA injury were identified. CONCLUSION Although most studies endorse routine preoperative imaging to assess for ICA medialization in children with 22qDS undergoing VPD surgery, only a minority of these cases led to surgical modification. Additional studies are needed to compare outcomes in children with and without preoperative imaging given the low rates of ICA injury in the literature. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 134:2551-2561, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Duckett
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Nicolas S Poupore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A
| | - William W Carroll
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Phayvanh P Pecha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A
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Li S, Chen C, Lof J, Stolze EA, Sklenar J, Chen X, Pacella JJ, Villanueva FS, Matsunaga TO, Everbach EC, Radio SJ, Westphal SN, Shiva S, Xie F, Leng X, Porter TR. Acoustic Activation Imaging With Intravenous Perfluoropropane Nanodroplets Results in Selective Bioactivation of the Risk Area. J Ultrasound Med 2024; 43:1063-1080. [PMID: 38440926 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acoustically activatable perfluoropropane droplets (PD) can be formulated from commercially available microbubble preparations. Diagnostic transthoracic ultrasound frequencies have resulted in acoustic activation (AA) predominately within myocardial infarct zones (IZ). OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the AA area following acute coronary ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) would selectively enhance the developing scar zone, and target bioeffects specifically to this region. METHODS We administered intravenous PD in 36 rats and 20 pigs at various stages of myocardial scar formation (30 minutes, 1 day, and 7 days post I/R) to determine what effect infarct age had on the AA within the IZ. This was correlated with histology, myeloperoxidase activity, and tissue nitrite activity. RESULTS The degree of AA within the IZ in rats was not associated with collagen content, neutrophil infiltration, or infarct age. AA within 24 hours of I/R was associated with increased nitric oxide utilization selectively within the IZ (P < .05 compared with remote zone). The spatial extent of AA in pigs correlated with infarct size only when performed before sacrifice at 7 days (r = .74, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Acoustic activation of intravenous PD enhances the developing scar zone following I/R, and results in selective tissue nitric oxide utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouqiang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Cheng Chen
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Lof
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Stolze
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Xucai Chen
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John J Pacella
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Flordeliza S Villanueva
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Terry O Matsunaga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - E Carr Everbach
- Department of Engineering, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stanley J Radio
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sherry N Westphal
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Molecular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Feng Xie
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Xiaoping Leng
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Thomas R Porter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Murawska-Wlodarczyk K, van der Ent A, Wlodarczyk T, Słomka A, Paterson DJ, Brueckner D, Przybyłowicz WJ, Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz J, Ryan CC, Maier RM, Babst-Kostecka A. Habitat-specific allocations of elements in Atriplex lentiformis seeds hint at adaptation to metal toxicity. J Exp Bot 2024:erae229. [PMID: 38761108 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Self-sustaining vegetation in metal-contaminated areas is essential for rebuilding the ecological resilience and community stability in degraded lands. Metal-tolerant plants originating from contaminated post-mining areas may hold the key to successful plant establishment and growth. Yet, little is known about the impact of metal toxicity on reproductive strategies, metal accumulation and allocation patterns at the seed stage. Our research focused on metal tolerant Atriplex lentiformis, examining the effects of toxic metal(loid) concentration in soils on variability in its reproductive strategies, including germination patterns, elemental uptake, and allocation within the seeds. We employed advanced imaging techniques like synchrotron X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy (XFM; 2D scans and 3D tomograms) combined with ICP-MS to reveal significant differences in metal(loid) concentration and distribution within the seed structures of A. lentiformis from contrasting habitats. Exclusive Zn hotspots of high concentrations were found in the seeds of the metallicolous accession, primarily in the sensitive tissues of shoot apical meristems and root zones of the seed embryos. The findings of this study offer novel insights into phenotypic variability, metal tolerance and accumulation in plants from extreme environments. This knowledge can be applied to enhance plant survival and performance in land restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antony van der Ent
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRAE, Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Tomasz Wlodarczyk
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Aneta Słomka
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Poland
| | | | | | - Wojciech J Przybyłowicz
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics & Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | | | | | - Raina M Maier
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Alicja Babst-Kostecka
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Tahir MJ, Jamil H, Jabbar R, Qureshi MK, Zeeshan MH, Ullah I, Nazir A, Malik M, Fadelallah Eljack MM, Asghar MS. Radiology as a career among medical students of Pakistan: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38156. [PMID: 38758871 PMCID: PMC11098226 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiology has become a fundamental constituent of the modern medicine. However, it has been observed that medical students in Pakistan often lack sufficient guidance and education in this field. This study aims to establish whether Pakistani medical students possess the requisite basic knowledge required in radiology and their attitude and perception toward radiology as a potential career path. This cross-sectional study conducted a survey among 530 medical students of Pakistan via a self-reported online questionnaire from August 01, 2021 to September 01, 2021. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS software, along with logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with interest in pursuing radiology as a career and possessing a comprehensive understanding of radiology among medical students. Of the 530 participants, 44.2% rated their understanding of radiology as "poor" with only 17% indicating interest to pursue a career in radiology. Logistic regression model showed significantly higher odds of radiology as a career among males (Crude odds ratio [COR] = 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-2.72, P = .007), medical students of Punjab (COR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01-2.40, P = .048), and those, who self-reported their knowledge of radiology as excellent (COR = 14.35, 95% CI = 5.13-40.12, P < .001). In contrast, medical students from Punjab (COR = 0.504, 95% CI = 0.344-0.737, P < .001) and second-year medical students (COR = 0.046, 95% CI = 0.019-0.107, P < .001) had lower odds of good knowledge. Our study suggests that the medical student's knowledge of radiology is deficient. Thus, it is advised that radiological societies work with medical school boards to integrate thorough and early radiology exposure into the undergraduate curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid Tahir
- Department of Radiology, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hashaam Jamil
- Department of Medicine, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Razia Jabbar
- Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Medicine, Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abubakar Nazir
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muna Malik
- Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ilieş BD, Yildiz I, Abbas M. Peptide-conjugated Nanoparticle Platforms for Targeted Delivery, Imaging, and Biosensing Applications. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300867. [PMID: 38551557 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Peptides have become an indispensable tool in engineering of multifunctional nanostructure platforms for biomedical applications such as targeted drug and gene delivery, imaging and biosensing. They can be covalently incorporated into a variety of nanoparticles (NPs) including polymers, metallic nanoparticles, and others. Using different bioconjugation techniques, multifunctional peptide-modified NPs can be formulated to produce therapeutical and diagnostic platforms offering high specificity, lower toxicity, biocompatibility, and stimuli responsive behavior. Targeting peptides can direct the nanoparticles into specific tissues for targeted drug and gene delivery and imaging applications due to their specificity towards certain receptors. Furthermore, due to their stimuli-responsive features, they can offer controlled release of therapeutics into desired sites of disease. In addition, peptide-based biosensors and imaging agents can provide non-invasive detection and monitoring of diseases including cancer, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. In this review, we covered the design and formulation of recent peptide-based NP platforms, as well as their utilization in in vitro and in vivo applications such as targeted drug and gene delivery, targeting, sensing, and imaging applications. In the end, we provided the future outlook to design new peptide conjugated nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Dragoş Ilieş
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ibrahim Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box, 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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10
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Sharma S, Fazal FM. Localization of RNAs to the mitochondria-mechanisms and functions. RNA 2024; 30:597-608. [PMID: 38448244 PMCID: PMC11098466 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079999.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian mitochondrial proteome comprises over 1000 proteins, with the majority translated from nuclear-encoded messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Mounting evidence suggests many of these mRNAs are localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) in a pre- or cotranslational state. Upon reaching the mitochondrial surface, these mRNAs are locally translated to produce proteins that are cotranslationally imported into mitochondria. Here, we summarize various mechanisms cells use to localize RNAs, including transfer RNAs (tRNAs), to the OMM and recent technological advancements in the field to study these processes. While most early studies in the field were carried out in yeast, recent studies reveal RNA localization to the OMM and their regulation in higher organisms. Various factors regulate this localization process, including RNA sequence elements, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), cytoskeletal motors, and translation machinery. In this review, we also highlight the role of RNA structures and modifications in mitochondrial RNA localization and discuss how these features can alter the binding properties of RNAs. Finally, in addition to RNAs related to mitochondrial function, RNAs involved in other cellular processes can also localize to the OMM, including those implicated in the innate immune response and piRNA biogenesis. As impairment of messenger RNA (mRNA) localization and regulation compromise mitochondrial function, future studies will undoubtedly expand our understanding of how RNAs localize to the OMM and investigate the consequences of their mislocalization in disorders, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, muscular dystrophies, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sharma
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Furqan M Fazal
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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11
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Alexander M, Edelman JJ, Yong G. Hybrid Transcatheter Approach to an Iatrogenic Left Ventricle-Coronary Sinus Fistula. JACC Case Rep 2024; 29:102330. [PMID: 38601844 PMCID: PMC11004884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2024.102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This clinical case describes a subacute presentation of decompensated heart failure secondary to an iatrogenic left ventricle-to-coronary sinus fistula after sequential mitral valve surgical procedures. Computed tomography was used to select an unconventional hybrid transapical access approach and facilitate successful closure using a vascular plug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Alexander
- Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J. James Edelman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gerald Yong
- Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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12
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Zhou Y, Zhou L, Yan J, Yan X, Chen Z. Using optical coherence tomography to assess luster of pearls: technique suitability and insights. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11126. [PMID: 38750292 PMCID: PMC11096156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Luster is one of the vital indexes in pearl grading. To find a fast, nondestructive, and low-cost grading method, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is introduced to predict the luster grade through the texture features. After background removal, flattening, and segmentation, the speckle pattern of the region of interest is described by seven kinds of feature textures, including center-symmetric auto-correlation (CSAC), fractal dimension (FD), Gabor, gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), laws texture energy (LAWS), and local binary patterns (LBP). To find the relations between speckle-derived texture features and luster grades, four Four groups of pearl samples were used in the experiment to detect texture differences based on support vector machines (SVMs) and random forest classifier (RFC)) for investigating the relations between speckle-derived texture features and luster grades. The precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy are more significant than 0.9 in several simulations, even after dimension reduction. This demonstrates that the texture feature from OCT images can be applied to class the pearl luster based on speckle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lifeng Zhou
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuejun Yan
- Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengwei Chen
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Luo X, Deng W, Sheng F, Ren X, Zhao Z, Zhao C, Liu Y, Shi J, Liu Z, Zhang X, Jie J. Bionic Scotopic Adaptation Transistors for Nighttime Low Illumination Imaging. ACS Nano 2024. [PMID: 38742941 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Human vision excels in perceiving nighttime low illumination due to biological feedforward adaptation. Replicating this ability in biomimetic vision using solid-state devices has been highly sought after. However, emulating scotopic adaptation, entailing a confluence of efficient photoexcitation and dynamic carrier modulation, presents formidable challenges. Here, we demonstrate a low-power and bionic scotopic adaptation transistor by coupling a light-absorption layer and an electron-trapping layer at the bottom of the semiconducting channel, enabling simultaneous achievement of efficient generation of free photocarriers and adaptive carrier accumulation within a single device. This innovation empowers our transistor to exhibit sensitivity-potentiated characteristics after adaptation, detecting scotopic-level illumination (0.001 lx) with exceptional photosensitivity up to 103 at low voltages below 2 V. Moreover, we have successfully replicated diverse scotopic vision functions, encompassing time-dependent visual threshold enhancement, light intensity-dependent adaptation index, imaging contrast enhancement for nighttime low illumination imaging, opening an opportunity for artificial night vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkai Luo
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fangming Sheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaobin Ren
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zishen Zhao
- School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chun Zhao
- School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jialin Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zeke Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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14
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Pushie MJ, Sylvain NJ, Hou H, George D, Kelly ME. Ion Dyshomeostasis in the Early Hyperacute Phase after a Temporary Large-Vessel Occlusion Stroke. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38743904 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Element dysregulation is a pathophysiologic hallmark of ischemic stroke. Prior characterization of post-stroke element dysregulation in the photothrombotic model demonstrated significant element changes for ions that are essential for the function of the neurovascular unit. To characterize the dynamic changes during the early hyperacute phase (<6 h), we employed a temporary large-vessel occlusion stroke model. The middle cerebral artery was temporarily occluded for 30 min in male C57BL/6 mice, and coronal brain sections were prepared for histology and X-ray fluorescence microscopy from 5 to 120 min post-reperfusion. Ion dysregulation was already apparent by 5 min post-reperfusion, evidenced by reduced total potassium in the lesion. Later time points showed further dysregulation of phosphorus, calcium, copper, and zinc. By 60 min post-reperfusion, the central portion of the lesion showed pronounced element dysregulation and could be differentiated from a surrounding region of moderate dysregulation. Despite reperfusion, the lesion continued to expand dynamically with increasing severity of element dysregulation throughout the time course. Given that the earliest time point investigated already demonstrated signs of ion disruption, we anticipate such changes may be detectable even earlier. The profound ion dysregulation at the tissue level after reperfusion may contribute to hindering treatments aimed at functional recovery of the neurovascular unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jake Pushie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Nicole J Sylvain
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Huishu Hou
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Dominic George
- Department of Physics, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Michael E Kelly
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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15
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He C, Yuan Y, Gong C, Wang X, Lyu G. Applications of Tissue Clearing in Central and Peripheral Nerves. Neuroscience 2024; 546:104-117. [PMID: 38570062 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The techniques of tissue clearing have been proposed and applied in anatomical and biomedical research since the 19th century. As we all know, the original study of the nervous system relied on serial ultrathin sections and stereoscopic techniques. The 3D visualization of the nervous system was established by software splicing and reconstruction. With the development of science and technology, microscope equipment had constantly been upgraded. Despite the great progress that has been made in this field, the workload is too complex, and it needs high technical requirements. Abundant mistakes due to manual sections were inescapable and structural integrity remained questionable. According to the classification of tissue transparency methods, we introduced the latest application of transparency methods in central and peripheral nerve research from optical imaging, molecular markers and data analysis. This review summarizes the application of transparent technology in neural pathways. We hope to provide some inspiration for the continuous optimization of tissue clearing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng He
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chuanhui Gong
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guangming Lyu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China; Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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16
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Jantarug K, Tripathi V, Morin B, Iizuka A, Kuehl R, Morgenstern M, Clauss M, Khanna N, Bumann D, Rivera-Fuentes P. A Far-Red Fluorescent Probe to Visualize Gram-Positive Bacteria in Patient Samples. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1545-1551. [PMID: 38632685 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), are the leading bacterial cause of death in high-income countries and can cause invasive infections at various body sites. These infections are associated with prolonged hospital stays, a large economic burden, considerable treatment failure, and high mortality rates. So far, there is only limited knowledge about the specific locations where S. aureus resides in the human body during various infections. Hence, the visualization of S. aureus holds significant importance in microbiological research. Herein, we report the development and validation of a far-red fluorescent probe to detect Gram-positive bacteria, with a focus on staphylococci, in human biopsies from deep-seated infections. This probe displays strong fluorescence and low background in human tissues, outperforming current tools for S. aureus detection. Several applications are demonstrated, including fixed- and live-cell imaging, flow cytometry, and super-resolution bacterial imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benedict Morin
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Aya Iizuka
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Richard Kuehl
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
- Center for Musculoskeletal Infections (ZMSI), Department for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Mario Morgenstern
- Center for Musculoskeletal Infections (ZMSI), Department for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Martin Clauss
- Center for Musculoskeletal Infections (ZMSI), Department for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Bumann
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
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17
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Lv J, Liu A, Shi D, Li M, Liu X, Wan Y. Hot Carrier Trapping and It's Influence to the Carrier Diffusion in CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Film Revealed by Transient Absorption Microscopy. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2403507. [PMID: 38733084 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The defects in perovskite film can cause charge carrier trapping which shortens carrier lifetime and diffusion length. So defects passivation has become promising for the perovskite studies. However, how defects disturb the carrier transport and how the passivating affects the carrier transport in CsPbBr3 are still unclear. Here the carrier dynamics and diffusion processes of CsPbBr3 and LiBr passivated CsPbBr3 films are investigated by using transient absorption spectroscopy and transient absorption microscopy. It's found that there is a fast hot carrier trapping process with the above bandgap excitation, and the hot carrier trapping would decrease the population of cold carriers which are diffusible, then lower the carrier diffusion constant. It's proved that LiBr can passivate the defect and lower the trapping probability of hot carriers, thus improve the carrier diffusion rate. The finding demonstrates the influence of hot carrier trapping to the carrier diffusion in CsPbBr3 film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Lv
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Danli Shi
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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18
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Shetty S, Bhat S, Al Bayatti S, Al Kawas S, Talaat W, El-Kishawi M, Al Rawi N, Narasimhan S, Al-Daghestani H, Madi M, Shetty R. The Scope of Virtual Reality Simulators in Radiology Education: Systematic Literature Review. JMIR Med Educ 2024; 10:e52953. [PMID: 38722205 PMCID: PMC11094427 DOI: 10.2196/52953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has gained significant importance in medical education. Radiology education also has seen the induction of VR technology. However, there is no comprehensive review in this specific area. This review aims to fill this knowledge gap. Objective This systematic literature review aims to explore the scope of VR use in radiology education. Methods A literature search was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles relating to the use of VR in radiology education, published from database inception to September 1, 2023. The identified articles were then subjected to a PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)-defined study selection process. Results The database search identified 2503 nonduplicate articles. After PRISMA screening, 17 were included in the review for analysis, of which 3 (18%) were randomized controlled trials, 7 (41%) were randomized experimental trials, and 7 (41%) were cross-sectional studies. Of the 10 randomized trials, 3 (30%) had a low risk of bias, 5 (50%) showed some concerns, and 2 (20%) had a high risk of bias. Among the 7 cross-sectional studies, 2 (29%) scored "good" in the overall quality and the remaining 5 (71%) scored "fair." VR was found to be significantly more effective than traditional methods of teaching in improving the radiographic and radiologic skills of students. The use of VR systems was found to improve the students' skills in overall proficiency, patient positioning, equipment knowledge, equipment handling, and radiographic techniques. Student feedback was also reported in the included studies. The students generally provided positive feedback about the utility, ease of use, and satisfaction of VR systems, as well as their perceived positive impact on skill and knowledge acquisition. Conclusions The evidence from this review shows that the use of VR had significant benefit for students in various aspects of radiology education. However, the variable nature of the studies included in the review reduces the scope for a comprehensive recommendation of VR use in radiology education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Shetty
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Supriya Bhat
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Saad Al Bayatti
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sausan Al Kawas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Talaat
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed El-Kishawi
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Natheer Al Rawi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sangeetha Narasimhan
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hiba Al-Daghestani
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Medhini Madi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raghavendra Shetty
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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19
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Ghosh B, Chatterjee J, Paul RR, Acuña S, Lahiri P, Pal M, Mitra P, Agarwal K. Molecular histopathology of matrix proteins through autofluorescence super-resolution microscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10524. [PMID: 38719976 PMCID: PMC11078950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix diseases like fibrosis are elusive to diagnose early on, to avoid complete loss of organ function or even cancer progression, making early diagnosis crucial. Imaging the matrix densities of proteins like collagen in fixed tissue sections with suitable stains and labels is a standard for diagnosis and staging. However, fine changes in matrix density are difficult to realize by conventional histological staining and microscopy as the matrix fibrils are finer than the resolving capacity of these microscopes. The dyes further blur the outline of the matrix and add a background that bottlenecks high-precision early diagnosis of matrix diseases. Here we demonstrate the multiple signal classification method-MUSICAL-otherwise a computational super-resolution microscopy technique to precisely estimate matrix density in fixed tissue sections using fibril autofluorescence with image stacks acquired on a conventional epifluorescence microscope. We validated the diagnostic and staging performance of the method in extracted collagen fibrils, mouse skin during repair, and pre-cancers in human oral mucosa. The method enables early high-precision label-free diagnosis of matrix-associated fibrotic diseases without needing additional infrastructure or rigorous clinical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajoy Ghosh
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway.
| | | | - Ranjan Rashmi Paul
- Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700114, India
| | | | - Pooja Lahiri
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Mousumi Pal
- Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700114, India
| | - Pabitra Mitra
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Krishna Agarwal
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9019, Tromsø, Norway.
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20
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Tan S, Fu Q, Lei K, Mei W, Liu J, Qian X, Xu Y. Naphtho[1,8-ef]isoindole-7,8,10(9H)-trione as novel theranostic agents for photodynamic therapy and multi-subcellular organelles localization. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400187. [PMID: 38711387 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A series of naphtho[1,8-ef]isoindole-7,8,10(9H)-trione as novel theranostic agents for photodynamic therapy and multi-subcellular organelles localization were designed and synthesized. Most of them possess moderate fluorescence quantum yield and long wavelength absorption simultaneously, these made them possible for dual effects of imaging and therapy. Especially, 7b and 7d exhibited significant light-toxicity but slight dark-toxicity. Confocal fluorescence microscopy experiments demonstrated that 7b can locate and image in special multi-subcellular organelles. All the research results implied that carbonyl-phenalene-2,3-dicarboximides derivatives can be applied as a new series of theranostic agents with the characteristics of photodynamic therapy and multi-subcellular organelles imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Tan
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Qiqi Fu
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Kecheng Lei
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Wenyi Mei
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Jianwen Liu
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Xuhong Qian
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Yufang Xu
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Pharmacy, 130 meilong road, 200237, Shanghai, CHINA
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21
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Bentley C, Fouriez-Lablée V, Rossanese M. Intra- and interobserver agreement in computed tomography localization of primary nonhematopoietic hepatic masses and comparison with surgical and histopathological outcomes in 21 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024. [PMID: 38708438 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used in the staging of hepatic masses and for liver lobectomy planning. Mass location is an important factor in determining the feasibility of resection, including surgical technique and the likelihood of surgical complications. The objectives of this retrospective descriptive cross-sectional, observer agreement, method comparison study were to assess the reliability of CT in correctly determining the hepatic division and lobar site of origin of feline primary nonhematopoietic hepatic masses, compared with surgically confirmed locations. Furthermore, it provides an overview of the types and locations of liver masses found in a cohort of cats. Pre- and postcontrast CT images of 21 cats were independently and simultaneously reviewed by two observers. Intra- and interobserver agreements and descriptive statistics on demographic and histological diagnoses were calculated. Based on surgical assessment, it was found that masses most frequently originated from the left hepatic division (13/24, 54%). The most frequent lobar origins were the left lateral (8/24, 33%), left medial (5/24, 21%), and right medial lobes (5/24, 21%). No masses were found originating from the right lateral lobe. CT correctly determined hepatic division and lobar origin in 76% of cases, with good-to-excellent intra- and interobserver agreement. The hepatic division had higher agreements overall for both observers. Most of the masses were benign (17/21, 81%), and the most prevalent histological diagnoses were biliary cystadenoma (11/21, 52%) and hepatocellular adenoma (6/21, 29%). Findings suggest that postcontrast CT is a reliable method for correctly determining hepatic mass division and lobar origin in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carli Bentley
- The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Matteo Rossanese
- The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK
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22
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Zhao Z, He K, Liu B, Nie W, Luo X, Liu J. Intrarenal pH-Responsive Self-Assembly of Luminescent Gold Nanoparticles for Diagnosis of Early Kidney Injury. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406016. [PMID: 38703020 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic acidosis-induced kidney injury (MAKI) is asymptomatic and lack of clinical biomarkers in early stage, but rapidly progresses to severe renal fibrosis and ultimately results in end-stage kidney failure. Therefore, developing rapid and noninvasive strategies direct responsive to renal tubular acidic microenvironment rather than delayed biomarkers are essential for timely renoprotective interventions. Herein, we develop pH-responsive luminescent gold nanoparticles (p-AuNPs) in the second near-infrared emission co-coated with 2,3-dimethylaleic anhydride conjugated β-mercaptoethylamine and cationic 2-diethylaminoethanethiol hydrochloride, which showed sensitive pH-induced charge reversal and intrarenal self-assembly for highly sensitive and long-time (~24 h) imaging of different stages of MAKI. By integrating advantages of pH-induced intrarenal self-assembly and enhanced interactions between pH-triggered positively charged p-AuNPs and renal tubular cells, the early- and late-stage MAKI could be differentiated rapidly within 10 min post-injection (p.i.) with contrast index (CI) of 3.5 and 4.3, respectively. The corresponding maximum CI could reach 5.1 and 9.2 at 12 h p.i., respectively. Furthermore, p-AuNPs were demonstrated to effectively real-time monitor progressive recovery of kidney injury in MAKI mice after therapy, and also exhibit outstanding capabilities for drug screening. This pH-responsive strategy showed great promise for feedback on kidney dysfunction progression, opening new possibilities for early-stage diagnosis of pH-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhao
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Kui He
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Ben Liu
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Wenyan Nie
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Xiaoxi Luo
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Jinbin Liu
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 381 Wushan Road Tianhe District, 510641, Guangzhou, CHINA
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Seitz L, Bucher S, Bütikofer L, Maurer B, Bonel HM, Wagner F, Lötscher F, Seitz P. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis: a comparison with T1-weighted black-blood imaging. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:1403-1410. [PMID: 37555808 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the superficial cranial arteries in the diagnosis of GCA. METHODS Retrospectively, 156 patients with clinically suspected GCA were included. A new 4-point ordinal DWI rating scale was developed. A post-contrast, fat-suppressed, T1-weighted 'black-blood' sequence (T1-BB) was rated for comparison. Ten arterial segments were assessed: common superficial temporal arteries, temporal and parietal branches, occipital and posterior auricular arteries bilaterally. The expert clinical diagnosis after ≥6 months of follow-up was the diagnostic reference standard. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated for different rating methods. RESULTS The study cohort consisted of 87 patients with and 69 without GCA. For DWI, the area under the curve was 0.90. For a cut-off of ≥2 consecutive pathological slices, DWI showed a sensitivity of 75.9%, a specificity of 94.2% and a positive likelihood ratio of 13.09. With a cut-off of ≥3 consecutive pathological slices, sensitivity was 70.1%, specificity was 98.6% and the positive likelihood ratio was 48.38. For the T1-BB, values were 88.5%, 88.4% and 7.63, respectively. The inter-rater analysis for DWI with a cut-off of ≥2 pathological slices showed a kappa of 1.00 on the patient level and 0.85 on the arterial segment level. For the T1-BB the kappa was 0.78 and 0.79, respectively. CONCLUSION DWI of the superficial cranial arteries demonstrates a good diagnostic accuracy and reliability for the diagnosis of GCA. DWI is widely available and can be used immediately in clinical practice for patients with suspected GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Seitz
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Susana Bucher
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Britta Maurer
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Harald M Bonel
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Campusradiologie, Lindenhofgruppe, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Franca Wagner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Lötscher
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Seitz
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Soltero-Rivera MM, Nguyen R, Goldschmidt SL, Hatcher DC, Arzi B. Diagnostic yield of dental radiography and digital tomosynthesis for the identification of anatomic structures in cats. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1408807. [PMID: 38756522 PMCID: PMC11096483 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1408807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital tomosynthesis (DT) has emerged as a potential imaging modality for evaluating anatomic structures in veterinary medicine. This study aims to validate the diagnostic yield of DT in identifying predefined anatomic structures in feline cadaver heads, comparing it with conventional intraoral dental radiography (DR). Methods A total of 16 feline cadaver heads were utilized to evaluate 19 predefined clinically relevant anatomic structures using both DR and DT. A semi-quantitative scoring system was employed to characterize the ability of each imaging method to identify these structures. Results DT demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic yield compared to DR for all evaluated anatomic structures. Orthogonal DT imaging identified 13 additional anatomic landmarks compared to a standard 10-view feline set obtained via DR. Moreover, DT achieved statistically significant higher scores for each of these landmarks, indicating improved visualization over DR. Discussion These findings validate the utility of DT technology in reliably identifying clinically relevant anatomic structures in the cat skull. This validation serves as a foundation for further exploration of DT imaging in detecting dentoalveolar and other maxillofacial bony lesions and pathologies in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Soltero-Rivera
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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25
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Reddy AC, Gu JZ, Koo BH, Fruh V, Sax AJ. Urothelial Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Imaging-Based Review. R I Med J (2013) 2024; 107:26-32. [PMID: 38687266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the 6th most common malignancy in the United States, with urothelial carcinomas comprising over 95% of cases of bladder cancer, and commands a significant disease burden in Rhode Island. Imaging studies can provide valuable diagnostic information for urothelial carcinomas at initial presentation and are routinely used for noninvasive staging, treatment response monitoring, and post-treatment surveillance. This review aims to discuss and highlight three imaging modalities: ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, with particular focus on the notable features and appearance of urothelial carcinoma on each modality and their relative utility throughout the disease course. A general overview of disease epidemiology and treatment practices is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin C Reddy
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Joey Z Gu
- Department of Medicine, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI
| | - Brandon H Koo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Cancer Registry, Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence, RI
| | - Alessandra J Sax
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
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Nuerbahati A, Liao J, Lyu J, Abduwali S, Chiang LY. An actively stabilized, miniaturized epi-fluorescence widefield microscope for real-time observation in vivo. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1044-1051. [PMID: 38217330 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in real-time, in vivo micro-imaging have allowed for the visualization of tissue pathological changes, facilitating rapid diagnosis. However, miniaturization, magnification, the field of view, and in vivo image stabilization remain challenging factors to reconcile. A key issue for this technology is ensuring it is user friendly for surgeons, enabling them to use the device manually and obtain instantaneous information necessary for surgical decision-making. This descriptive study introduces a handheld, actively stabilized, miniaturized epi-fluorescence widefield microscope (MEW-M) for real-time observation in vivo with high resolution. The methodology of MEW-M system includes high resolution microscopy miniaturization technology, thousandfold shaking suppression (actively stabilized), ultra-photosensitivity, and tailored image signal processing cell image capture and processing technology, which support for the excellent real-time imaging performance of MEW-M system in brain, mammary, liver, lung, and kidney tissue imaging of rats in vivo. With a single-objective and high-frame-rate imaging, the MEW-M system facilitates roving image acquisition, enabling contiguous analysis of large tissue areas. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: A handheld, actively stabilized MEW-M system was introduced. Excellent real-time, in vivo imaging with high resolution and active stabilization in brain, mammary, liver, lung, and kidney tissue of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiasheng Liao
- Dendrite Precision Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
| | - Jing Lyu
- Dendrite Precision Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
| | - Serk Abduwali
- Dendrite Precision Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
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Zügner R, Tranberg R, Sharegi B, Kärrholm J. Gait pattern in patients treated with a total hip arthroplasty due to an acute displaced cervical neck fracture: a randomised comparison between 29 cases with a cemented femoral stem and 16 cases with an uncemented femoral stem. Hip Int 2024; 34:421-427. [PMID: 38087800 PMCID: PMC11071595 DOI: 10.1177/11207000231208099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choice between cemented or uncemented stem fixation in the treatment of a femoral neck fracture may influence patient rehabilitation and the resulting gait pattern, due to potential differences in implant positioning and fixation. We used gait analysis to study temporal gait parameters, hip kinematics and kinetics in patients who, 2 years previously, had been randomised to treatment with a cemented or uncemented stem and due to an acute femoral neck fracture. METHODS 45 Patients implanted with a cemented Lubinus SP II (n = 29) and an uncemented (n = 16) Corail stem were studied. Gait analysis was performed using a 16-camera motion capture system and force plates. 28 subjects served as controls. Temporal gait parameters, hip kinematics and kinetics were analysed. The patients had no or minimum pain (median Harris pain score 44, range 40-44) and the majority had no limp (median Harris limp score 11, range 5-11). RESULTS Temporospatial gait parameters and abduction-adduction motions and moments did not differ between patients with cemented or uncemented stems (p > 0.05). Patients with cemented stems did, however, show more hip flexion and less extension during walking than those with an uncemented stem (p < 0.05). Moreover, the flexion-extension range was less in the cemented group (p < 0.04). Compared with controls, the hip fracture patients walked more slowly, with a shorter stride length and a longer stance phase. CONCLUSIONS Increased hip flexion and reduced extension in patients using the Lubinus SP II cemented stem could be an effect of its anteverted neck, but this question requires further study. Despite acute treatment with THA, hip fracture patients demonstrated a change in gait pattern compared with controls 2 years after the operation. This suggests that these changes are caused by the presence of an implant, or the soft-tissue trauma partly caused by the surgery than by any degenerative disease present in patients undergoing elective surgery.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04791605.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Zügner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Roy Tranberg
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Bita Sharegi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Johan Kärrholm
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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Andres L, Donners R, Harder D, Burssens A, Nüesch C, Krähenbühl N. Association Between Weightbearing CT and MRI Findings in Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity. Foot Ankle Int 2024; 45:526-534. [PMID: 38419185 PMCID: PMC11083736 DOI: 10.1177/10711007241231221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) scans allow for a better understanding of foot alignment in patients suffering from progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD). However, soft tissue integrity (eg, spring ligament complex or tibialis posterior tendon) cannot be easily assessed via WBCT. As performing both WBCT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) might not be cost effective, we aimed to assess whether there is an association between osseous and soft tissue findings in WBCT and MRI. METHODS In this observational study, a consecutive cohort of 24 patients of various stages of PCFD (mean age 51 ± 18 years) underwent WBCT scans and MRI. Twenty-four healthy individuals of similar age, body mass index (BMI), and sex with WBCT scans were used as a control group. In addition to of osseous sinus tarsi impingement, 4 commonly used 3-dimensional (3D) measurements (talocalcaneal overlap [TCO], talonavicular coverage [TNC], Meary angle [MA], axial/lateral) were obtained using a dedicated postprocessing software (DISIOR 2.1, Finland) on the WBCT data sets. Sinus tarsi obliteration, spring ligament complex, tibiospring ligament integrity, as well as tibialis posterior tendon degeneration were evaluated with MRI. Statistical analysis was performed for significant (P < .05) correlation between findings. RESULTS None of the assessed 3D measurements correlated with either spring ligament complex or tibiospring ligament tears. BMI and TCO were found to be associated with tibialis posterior tendon tears. Seventy-five percent of patients with osseous sinus tarsi impingement on WBCT also showed signs of sinus tarsi obliteration on MRI. CONCLUSION Although WBCT reflects foot alignment and can reveal osseous sinus tarsi impingement in PCFD patients, the association between WBCT-based 3D measurements and ligament or tendon tears assessed via MRI is limited. WBCT appears complimentary to MRI regarding its diagnostic value. Both imaging options add important information and may impact decision making in the treatment of PCFD patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, observational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Andres
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ricardo Donners
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Harder
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Burssens
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Corina Nüesch
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Krähenbühl
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Sağ BT, Aksakal MF, Tıraş M, Abdulsalam AJ, Özçakar L. Double contour on the lateral femoral condyle: A covert sonographic sign in patellofemoral syndrome? J Clin Ultrasound 2024; 52:437-438. [PMID: 38345458 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Büşranur Tüten Sağ
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahmud Fazıl Aksakal
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Tıraş
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmad J Abdulsalam
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mubarak Alkabeer Hospital, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Levent Özçakar
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
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30
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Augustin RC, Cai WL, Luke JJ, Bao R. Facts and Hopes in Using Omics to Advance Combined Immunotherapy Strategies. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1724-1732. [PMID: 38236069 PMCID: PMC11062841 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The field of oncology has been transformed by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and other immune-based agents; however, many patients do not receive a durable benefit. While biomarker assessments from pivotal ICI trials have uncovered certain mechanisms of resistance, results thus far have only scraped the surface. Mechanisms of resistance are as complex as the tumor microenvironment (TME) itself, and the development of effective therapeutic strategies will only be possible by building accurate models of the tumor-immune interface. With advancement of multi-omic technologies, high-resolution characterization of the TME is now possible. In addition to sequencing of bulk tumor, single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenomic data as well as T-cell receptor profiling can now be simultaneously measured and compared between responders and nonresponders to ICI. Spatial sequencing and imaging platforms have further expanded the dimensionality of existing technologies. Rapid advancements in computation and data sharing strategies enable development of biologically interpretable machine learning models to integrate data from high-resolution, multi-omic platforms. These models catalyze the identification of resistance mechanisms and predictors of benefit in ICI-treated patients, providing scientific foundation for novel clinical trials. Moving forward, we propose a framework by which in silico screening, functional validation, and clinical trial biomarker assessment can be used for the advancement of combined immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Augustin
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Medical Oncology, Rochester, MN
| | - Wesley L. Cai
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jason J. Luke
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Riyue Bao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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31
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Yu S, Yuan B. Improving the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasound switchable fluorescence imaging. J Biophotonics 2024; 17:e202300533. [PMID: 38430212 PMCID: PMC11065562 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging, a hybrid imaging technology that combines the advantages of both fluorescence sensitivity and acoustic resolution in centimeter-deep tissue, has great potential for biomedical different applications. A camera-based USF imaging system reveals its capability of capturing both spatial and temporal dynamics of the USF signal in tissue. In this study, various algorithms were explored to enhance the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of USF images, utilizing temporal and spatial information from a camera-based time-domain USF imaging system. The correlation method proved effective in boosting SNR, while the ascending-slope-weighted method enhanced spatial resolution. Additionally, the spatially back-projection method significantly improved spatial resolution in silicone phantoms. The results underscore the advantages of incorporating temporal and spatial information from USF signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yu
- Ultrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Baohong Yuan
- Ultrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Oeding JF, Kunze KN, Messer CJ, Pareek A, Fufa DT, Pulos N, Rhee PC. Diagnostic Performance of Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Scaphoid and Distal Radius Fractures: A Systematic Review. J Hand Surg Am 2024; 49:411-422. [PMID: 38551529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the existing literature to (1) determine the diagnostic efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) models for detecting scaphoid and distal radius fractures and (2) compare the efficacy to human clinical experts. METHODS PubMed, OVID/Medline, and Cochrane libraries were queried for studies investigating the development, validation, and analysis of AI for the detection of scaphoid or distal radius fractures. Data regarding study design, AI model development and architecture, prediction accuracy/area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC), and imaging modalities were recorded. RESULTS A total of 21 studies were identified, of which 12 (57.1%) used AI to detect fractures of the distal radius, and nine (42.9%) used AI to detect fractures of the scaphoid. AI models demonstrated good diagnostic performance on average, with AUROC values ranging from 0.77 to 0.96 for scaphoid fractures and from 0.90 to 0.99 for distal radius fractures. Accuracy of AI models ranged between 72.0% to 90.3% and 89.0% to 98.0% for scaphoid and distal radius fractures, respectively. When compared to clinical experts, 13 of 14 (92.9%) studies reported that AI models demonstrated comparable or better performance. The type of fracture influenced model performance, with worse overall performance on occult scaphoid fractures; however, models trained specifically on occult fractures demonstrated substantially improved performance when compared to humans. CONCLUSIONS AI models demonstrated excellent performance for detecting scaphoid and distal radius fractures, with the majority demonstrating comparable or better performance compared with human experts. Worse performance was demonstrated on occult fractures. However, when trained specifically on difficult fracture patterns, AI models demonstrated improved performance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE AI models can help detect commonly missed occult fractures while enhancing workflow efficiency for distal radius and scaphoid fracture diagnoses. As performance varies based on fracture type, future studies focused on wrist fracture detection should clearly define whether the goal is to (1) identify difficult-to-detect fractures or (2) improve workflow efficiency by assisting in routine tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob F Oeding
- School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gotenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Kyle N Kunze
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Caden J Messer
- School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Ayoosh Pareek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Duretti T Fufa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Nicholas Pulos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Peter C Rhee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Shen Q, Song G, Lin H, Bai H, Huang Y, Lv F, Wang S. Sensing, Imaging, and Therapeutic Strategies Endowing by Conjugate Polymers for Precision Medicine. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2310032. [PMID: 38316396 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) have promising applications in biomedical fields, such as disease monitoring, real-time imaging diagnosis, and disease treatment. As a promising luminescent material with tunable emission, high brightness and excellent stability, CPs are widely used as fluorescent probes in biological detection and imaging. Rational molecular design and structural optimization have broadened absorption/emission range of CPs, which are more conductive for disease diagnosis and precision therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the application of CPs, aiming to elucidate their structural and functional relationships. The fluorescence properties of CPs and the mechanism of detection signal amplification are first discussed, followed by an elucidation of their emerging applications in biological detection. Subsequently, CPs-based imaging systems and therapeutic strategies are illustrated systematically. Finally, recent advancements in utilizing CPs as electroactive materials for bioelectronic devices are also investigated. Moreover, the challenges and outlooks of CPs for precision medicine are discussed. Through this systematic review, it is hoped to highlight the frontier progress of CPs and promote new breakthroughs in fundamental research and clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Gang Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongrui Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Khayat S, Choudhary K, Claude Nshimiyimana J, Gurav J, Hneini A, Nazir A, Chaito H, Wojtara M, Uwishema O. Pancreatic cancer: from early detection to personalized treatment approaches. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2866-2872. [PMID: 38694319 PMCID: PMC11060269 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is notorious for its persistently poor prognosis and health outcomes, so some of the questions that may be begged are "Why is it mostly diagnosed at end stage?", "What could we possibly do with the advancing technology in today's world to detect early pancreatic cancer and intervene?", and "Are there any implementation of the existing novel imaging technologies?". Well, to start with, this is in part because the majority of patients presented would already have reached a locally advanced or metastatic stage at the time of diagnosis due to its highly aggressive characteristics and lack of symptoms. Due to this striking disparity in survival, advancements in early detection and intervention are likely to significantly increase patients' survival. Presently, screening is frequently used in high-risk individuals in order to obtain an early pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Having a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors of pancreatic cancer may enable us to identify individuals at high risk, diagnose the disease early, and begin treatment promptly. In this review, the authors outline the clinical hurdles to early pancreatic cancer detection, describe high-risk populations, and discuss current screening initiatives for high-risk individuals. The ultimate goal of this current review is to study the roles of both traditional and novel imaging modalities for early pancreatic cancer detection. A lot of the novel imaging techniques mentioned seem promising, but they need to be put to the test on a large scale and may need to be combined with other non-invasive biomarkers before they can be widely used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Asmaa Hneini
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abubakar Nazir
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Chaito
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Magda Wojtara
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Olivier Uwishema
- Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda
- Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Samaniego EA, Dabus G, Meyers PM, Kan PT, Frösen J, Lanzino G, Welch BG, Volovici V, Gonzalez F, Fifi J, Charbel FT, Hoh BL, Khalessi A, Marks MP, Berenstein A, Pereira VM, Bain M, Colby GP, Narayanan S, Tateshima S, Siddiqui AH, Wakhloo AK, Arthur AS, Lawton MT. Most Promising Approaches to Improve Brain AVM Management: ARISE I Consensus Recommendations. Stroke 2024; 55:1449-1463. [PMID: 38648282 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.046725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are complex, and rare arteriovenous shunts that present with a wide range of signs and symptoms, with intracerebral hemorrhage being the most severe. Despite prior societal position statements, there is no consensus on the management of these lesions. ARISE (Aneurysm/bAVM/cSDH Roundtable Discussion With Industry and Stroke Experts) was convened to discuss evidence-based approaches and enhance our understanding of these complex lesions. ARISE identified the need to develop scales to predict the risk of rupture of bAVMs, and the use of common data elements to perform prospective registries and clinical studies. Additionally, the group underscored the need for comprehensive patient management with specialized centers with expertise in cranial and spinal microsurgery, neurological endovascular surgery, and stereotactic radiosurgery. The collection of prospective multicenter data and gross specimens was deemed essential for improving bAVM characterization, genetic evaluation, and phenotyping. Finally, bAVMs should be managed within a multidisciplinary framework, with clinical studies and research conducted collaboratively across multiple centers, harnessing the collective expertise and centralization of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Radiology, University of Iowa (E.A.S.)
| | - Guilherme Dabus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baptist Health, Miami, FL (G.D.)
| | - Philip M Meyers
- Department of Radiology and Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, New York (P.M.M.)
| | - Peter T Kan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston (P.T.K.)
| | - Juhana Frösen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (J.F.)
| | | | - Babu G Welch
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Radiology; The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas (B.G.W.)
| | - Victor Volovici
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (V.V.)
| | - Fernando Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (F.G.)
| | - Johana Fifi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (J.F., A.B.)
| | - Fady T Charbel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago (F.T.C.)
| | - Brian L Hoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville (B.L.H.)
| | | | - Michael P Marks
- Interventional Neuroradiology Division, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA (M.P.M.)
| | - Alejandro Berenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (J.F., A.B.)
| | - Victor M Pereira
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (V.M.P.)
| | - Mark Bain
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, OH (M.B.)
| | - Geoffrey P Colby
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles (G.P.C.)
| | - Sandra Narayanan
- Neurointerventional Program and Comprehensive Stroke Program, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA (S.N.)
| | - Satoshi Tateshima
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (S.T.)
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gates Vascular Institute, Buffalo, New York (A.H.S.)
| | - Ajay K Wakhloo
- Department of Radiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (A.K.W.)
| | - Adam S Arthur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Semmes-Murphey Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.S.A.)
| | - Michael T Lawton
- Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ (M.T.L.)
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Li X, Lin Z, Liu C, Bai R, Wu D, Yang J. Glymphatic Imaging in Pediatrics. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:1523-1541. [PMID: 37819198 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system, which facilitates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow through the brain parenchyma, is important for brain development and waste clearance. Advances in imaging techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging, have make it possible to evaluate glymphatic structures and functions in vivo. Recently, several studies have focused on the development and alterations of the glymphatic system in pediatric disorders. This review discusses the development of the glymphatic system, advances of imaging techniques and their applications in pediatric disorders. First, the results of the reviewed studies indicate that the development of the glymphatic system is a long-lasting process that continues into adulthood. Second, there is a need for improved glymphatic imaging techniques that are non-invasive and fast to improve suitability for pediatric applications, as some of existing methods use contrast injection and are susceptible to motion artifacts from long scanning times. Several novel techniques are potentially feasible for pediatric patients and may be used in the future. Third, the glymphatic dysfunction is associated with a large number of pediatric disorders, although only a few have recently been investigated. In conclusion, research on the pediatric glymphatic system remains an emerging field. The preliminary applications of glymphatic imaging techniques have provided unique insight into the pathological mechanism of pediatric diseases, but mainly limited in visualization of enlarged perivascular spaces and morphological measurements on CSF volumes. More in-depth studies on glymphatic functions are required to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying brain development and pediatric diseases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zixuan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruiliang Bai
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Computational Imaging and Medical Intelligence, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Pahnabi N, Schumacher T, Sinha A. Imaging of Structural Timber Based on In Situ Radar and Ultrasonic Wave Measurements: A Review of the State-of-the-Art. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2901. [PMID: 38733005 PMCID: PMC11086303 DOI: 10.3390/s24092901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
With the rapidly growing interest in using structural timber, a need exists to inspect and assess these structures using non-destructive testing (NDT). This review article summarizes NDT methods for wood inspection. After an overview of the most important NDT methods currently used, a detailed review of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Ultrasonic Testing (UST) is presented. These two techniques can be applied in situ and produce useful visual representations for quantitative assessments and damage detection. With its commercial availability and portability, GPR can help rapidly identify critical features such as moisture, voids, and metal connectors in wood structures. UST, which effectively detects deep cracks, delaminations, and variations in ultrasonic wave velocity related to moisture content, complements GPR's capabilities. The non-destructive nature of both techniques preserves the structural integrity of timber, enabling thorough assessments without compromising integrity and durability. Techniques such as the Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique (SAFT) and Total Focusing Method (TFM) allow for reconstructing images that an inspector can readily interpret for quantitative assessment. The development of new sensors, instruments, and analysis techniques has continued to improve the application of GPR and UST on wood. However, due to the hon-homogeneous anisotropic properties of this complex material, challenges remain to quantify defects and characterize inclusions reliably and accurately. By integrating advanced imaging algorithms that consider the material's complex properties, combining measurements with simulations, and employing machine learning techniques, the implementation and application of GPR and UST imaging and damage detection for wood structures can be further advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Pahnabi
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA;
| | - Thomas Schumacher
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA;
| | - Arijit Sinha
- Wood Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
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Venu A, Zhang Y, Seong J, Hong Y, Lee WS, Min JJ. Engineering of an EPHA2-Targeted Monobody for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2024; 21:285-294. [PMID: 38670584 PMCID: PMC11059598 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and is second only to lung cancer with respect to cancer-related deaths. Noninvasive molecular imaging using established markers is a new emerging method to diagnose CRC. The human ephrin receptor family type-A 2 (hEPHA2) oncoprotein is overexpressed at the early, but not late, stages of CRC. Previously, we reported development of an E1 monobody that is specific for hEPHA2-expressing cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we investigated the ability of the E1 monobody to detect hEPHA2 expressing colorectal tumors in a mouse model, as well as in CRC tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of hEPHA2 on the surface of CRC cells was analyzed by western blotting and flow cytometry. The targeting efficacy of the E1 monobody for CRC cells was examined by flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining. E1 conjugated to the Renilla luciferase variant 8 (Rluc8) reporter protein was used for in vivo imaging in mice. Additionally, an enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) conjugated E1 monobody was used to check the ability of the E1 monobody to target CRC tissue. RESULTS The E1 monobody bound efficiently to hEPHA2-expressing CRC cell lines, and E1 conjugated to the Rluc8 reporter protein targeted tumor tissues in mice transplanted with HCT116 CRC tumor cells. Finally, E1-EGFP stained tumor tissues from human CRC patients, showing a pattern similar to that of an anti-hEPHA2 antibody. CONCLUSION The E1 monobody has utility as an EPHA2 targeting agent for the detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Venu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyoun Seong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongjin Hong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Sik Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Joon Min
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea;
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Ponzoni M, Alamri R, Peel B, Haller C, Coles J, Vanderlaan RD, Honjo O, Barron DJ, Yoo SJ. Longitudinal Evaluation of Congenital Cardiovascular Surgical Performance and Skills Retention Using Silicone-Molded Heart Models. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2024; 15:332-339. [PMID: 38646823 PMCID: PMC11100265 DOI: 10.1177/21501351241237785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Hands-on surgical training (HOST) for congenital heart surgery (CHS), utilizing silicone-molded models created from 3D-printing of patients' imaging data, was shown to improve surgical skills. However, the impact of repetition and frequency of repetition in retaining skills has not been previously investigated. We aimed to longitudinally evaluate the outcome for HOST on two example procedures of different technical difficulties with repeated attempts over a 15-week period. Methods: Five CHS trainees were prospectively recruited. Repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and arterial switch operation (ASO) were selected as example procedures of relatively low and high technical difficulty. Procedural time and technical performance (using procedure-specific assessment tools by the participant, a peer-reviewer, and the proctor) were measured. Results: Coarctation repair performance scores improved after the first repetition but remained unchanged at the follow-up session. Likewise, CoA procedural time showed an early reduction but then remained stable (mean [standard deviation]: 29[14] vs 25[15] vs 23[9] min at 0, 1, and 4 weeks). Conversely, ASO performance scores improved during the first repetitions, but decreased after a longer time delay (>9 weeks). Arterial switch operation procedural time showed modest improvements across simulations but significantly reduced from the first to the last attempt: 119[20] versus 106[28] min at 0 and 15 weeks, P = .049. Conclusions: Complex procedures require multiple HOST repetitions, without excessive time delay to maintain long-term skills improvement. Conversely, a single session may be planned for simple procedures to achieve satisfactory medium-term results. Importantly, a consistent reduction in procedural times was recorded, supporting increased surgical efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ponzoni
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rawan Alamri
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brandon Peel
- Center for Image-Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christoph Haller
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Coles
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel D. Vanderlaan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Osami Honjo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J. Barron
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shi-Joon Yoo
- Center for Image-Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hajfathalian M, Mossburg KJ, Radaic A, Woo KE, Jonnalagadda P, Kapila Y, Bollyky PL, Cormode DP. A review of recent advances in the use of complex metal nanostructures for biomedical applications from diagnosis to treatment. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2024; 16:e1959. [PMID: 38711134 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Complex metal nanostructures represent an exceptional category of materials characterized by distinct morphologies and physicochemical properties. Nanostructures with shape anisotropies, such as nanorods, nanostars, nanocages, and nanoprisms, are particularly appealing due to their tunable surface plasmon resonances, controllable surface chemistries, and effective targeting capabilities. These complex nanostructures can absorb light in the near-infrared, enabling noteworthy applications in nanomedicine, molecular imaging, and biology. The engineering of targeting abilities through surface modifications involving ligands, antibodies, peptides, and other agents potentiates their effects. Recent years have witnessed the development of innovative structures with diverse compositions, expanding their applications in biomedicine. These applications encompass targeted imaging, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, near-infrared II imaging, catalytic therapy, photothermal therapy, and cancer treatment. This review seeks to provide the nanomedicine community with a thorough and informative overview of the evolving landscape of complex metal nanoparticle research, with a specific emphasis on their roles in imaging, cancer therapy, infectious diseases, and biofilm treatment. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajfathalian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Katherine J Mossburg
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Allan Radaic
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katherine E Woo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Pallavi Jonnalagadda
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul L Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David P Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sansee A, Kostka L, Marcalíková A, Kudláčová J, Sedlák F, Kotrchová L, Šácha P, Etrych T, Kielar F. Iridium-based Polymeric Multifunctional Imaging Tools for Biochemistry. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300647. [PMID: 38217401 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a macromolecular multifunctional imaging tool for biological investigations, which is comprised of an N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide backbone, iridium-based luminescent probe, glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) targeting ligand, and biotin affinity tag. The iridium luminophore is a tris-cyclometalated complex based on [Ir(ppy)3] with one of its 2-phenylpyridine ligands functionalized to allow conjugation. Synthesized macromolecular probes differed in the structure of the polymer and content of the iridium complex. The applicability of the developed imaging tools has been tested in flow cytometry (FACS) based assay, laser confocal microscopy, and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). The FACS analysis has shown that the targeted iBodies containing the iridium luminophore exhibit selective labelling of GCPII expressing cells. This observation was also confirmed in the imaging experiments with laser confocal microscopy. The FLIM experiment has shown that the iBodies with the iridium label exhibit a lifetime greater than 100 ns, which distinguishes them from typically used systems labelled with organic fluorophores exhibiting short fluorescence lifetimes. The results of this investigation indicate that the system exhibits interesting properties, which supports the development of additional biological tools utilizing the key components (iridium complexes, iBody concept), primarily focusing on the longer lifetime of the iridium emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuson Sansee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Libor Kostka
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Marcalíková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám 542/2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Júlia Kudláčová
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Sedlák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám 542/2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kotrchová
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Šácha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám 542/2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
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Nwaji N, Gwak J, Nguyen MC, Nguyen HQ, Kang H, Choi Y, Kim Y, Chen H, Lee J. Emerging potentials of Fe-based nanomaterials for chiral sensing and imaging. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:897-918. [PMID: 38084636 DOI: 10.1002/med.22003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Fe-based nanostructures have possessed promising properties that make it suitable for chiral sensing and imaging applications owing to their ultra-small size, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, excellent photostability, tunable fluorescence, and water solubility. This review summarizes the recent research progress in the field of Fe-based nanostructures and places special emphases on their applications in chiral sensing and imaging. The synthetic strategies to prepare the targeted Fe-based structures were also introduced. The chiral sensing and imaging applications of the nanostructures are discussed in details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njemuwa Nwaji
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyong Gwak
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - My-Chi Nguyen
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Huu-Quang Nguyen
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jaebeom Lee
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Harwood KL, Oganezova K, Orellana KJ, Ashe K, Williams BA, Horneff JG. Rotator Cuff Injuries in the Pediatric Population: A Retrospective Review of Patient Characteristics and Treatment at a Single Center. Sports Health 2024; 16:340-346. [PMID: 37246566 PMCID: PMC11025523 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231174021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As youth participation in contact and overhead sports has increased in recent decades, so has the occurrence of injuries of the shoulder. Rotator cuff injury (RCI) is an infrequent shoulder pathology in pediatric patients and its description in the literature has been scarce. A greater understanding of RCI characteristics and treatment outcomes in children and adolescents would improve our understanding of this pathology and help to better guide clinical decision-making. HYPOTHESIS To identify pediatric patients with magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed RCI treated at a single center to summarize injury characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. It was hypothesized that injuries would occur predominantly in overhead throwing athletes and would demonstrate good outcomes among both operatively and nonoperatively treated patients. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS A retrospective review of pediatric patients (<18 years old) diagnosed with and treated for an RCI between January 1, 2011 and January 31, 2021. Patient demographics, injury mechanism and type, treatment, and outcomes were collected. Descriptive statistics were performed. Bivariate testing was used to compare operatively and nonoperatively treated cohorts. RESULTS A total of 52 pediatric patients treated for a rotator cuff avulsion, partial tear, or complete tear were identified. Mean age was 15 years and 67% of patients were male. Injuries were related most commonly to participation in throwing sports. Operative management occurred in 23% of patients, while 77% were managed nonoperatively. Treatment cohorts differed based on tear type, with all complete tears being managed operatively (P < 0.01). Associated shoulder pathology was common, with the most frequent finding being anterior shoulder instability pathology. Return to play was longer for operatively managed patients (7.1 vs 4.5 months; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The present study expands the limited data available regarding RCIs in pediatric patients. Most injuries are associated with sports and involve the supraspinatus tendon. RCIs were associated with good outcomes and low rates of reinjury in patients managed both nonoperative and operatively. RCI should be considered in throwing athletes with shoulder pain, even in skeletally immature patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This retrospective study fills the hole in the literature by detailing the patterns associated with RCI characteristics and treatment outcomes. In contrast to studies of adult RCIs, our results suggest that outcomes are good regardless of treatment type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen L. Harwood
- New York Medical College School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karina Oganezova
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The School of Medicine at the University of Dublin, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin J. Orellana
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, Texas
| | - Katherine Ashe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brendan A. Williams
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John G. Horneff
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Eckert MA, Benitez A, Soler ZM, Dubno JR, Schlosser RJ. Gray matter and episodic memory associations with olfaction in middle-aged to older adults. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2024; 14:961-971. [PMID: 37897207 PMCID: PMC11045322 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related declines in olfaction contribute to low quality of life and appear to occur with declines in cognitive function, including diminished episodic memory. We tested the hypothesis that low gray matter volume within cortical regions that support olfaction and episodic memory can explain age-related differences in olfactory and episodic memory functions. METHODS T1-weighted images, Sniffin' Sticks olfactory measures, and the NIH Toolbox-Cognition Battery were administered to 131 middle-aged to older adults (50-86 years; 66% female). Correlation was used to examine the associations between these measures. A network-based image processing approach was then used to examine the degree to which spatial patterns of gray matter variance were related to the olfactory and cognitive measures. Structural equation modeling was used to characterize the relative specificity of olfactory, cognitive, gray matter, and aging associations. RESULTS Olfactory threshold, discrimination, and identification exhibited small to medium effect size associations with episodic memory performance (rs = 0.27-0.42, ps < 0.002). Gray matter volume within medial temporal and orbitofrontal cortex was also related to olfactory (discrimination and identification) and episodic memory function (rs = 0.21-0.36, ps < 0.019). Age and episodic memory explained the same variance in olfaction that was explained by the medial temporal and orbitofrontal pattern of gray matter volume. CONCLUSIONS The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that identifying mechanisms contributing to differences in medial temporal and orbitofrontal cortex will advance our understanding of co-morbid olfactory and cognitive declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Eckert
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina
| | | | - Zachary M. Soler
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Judy R. Dubno
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Rodney J. Schlosser
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina
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Lin D, Bagnani M, Almohammadi H, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Mezzenga R. Single-Step Control of Liquid-Liquid Crystalline Phase Separation by Depletion Gradients. Adv Mater 2024:e2312564. [PMID: 38692672 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Fine-tuning nucleation and growth of colloidal liquid crystalline (LC) droplets, also known as tactoids, is highly desirable in both fundamental science and technological applications. However, the tactoid structure results from the trade-off between thermodynamics and nonequilibrium kinetics effects, and controlling liquid-liquid crystalline phase separation (LLCPS) in these systems is still a work in progress. Here, a single-step strategy is introduced to obtain a rich palette of morphologies for tactoids formed via nucleation and growth within an initially isotropic phase exposed to a gradient of depletants. The simultaneous appearance is shown of rich LC structures along the depleting potential gradient, where the position of each LC structure is correlated with the magnitude of the depleting potential. Changing the size (nanoparticles) or the nature (polymers) of the depleting agent provides additional, precise control over the resulting LC structures through a size-selective mechanism, where the depletant may be found both within and outside the LC droplets. The use of depletion gradients from depletants of varying sizes and nature offers a powerful toolbox for manipulation, templating, imaging, and understanding heterogeneous colloidal LC structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Lin
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Massimo Bagnani
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Hamed Almohammadi
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Ye Yuan
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
- ETH Zurich, Department of Materials, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
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Ferraz FB, Castelo Branco AMP, da Cruz LGI, Fernandes BF, Morales MC, Neto RB, Fernandes AG. Toluidine blue 1% eye drop versus optical coherence tomography for margin delimitation of ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:859-863. [PMID: 37743595 PMCID: PMC11067399 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231204188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the use of toluidine blue 1% eye drops with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the determination of tumour margins in patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). METHODS The study was conducted from July 2020 to June 2021 at the Ocular Oncology department at the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. Slit-lamp photographs after toluidine blue staining and OCT of the anterior segment were taken on the same day from patients with OSSN. Photographs and OCT images were analyzed quantitatively using the software ImageJ and IMAGEnet®, respectively. The agreement between techniques was evaluated qualitatively through the Bland-Altman graph and quantitatively through intraclass correlation (ICC). RESULTS A total of 21 participants (71.43% males) with a clinical diagnosis of OSSN were included in the study. The average + SD diameter along the chosen axes was 4.43 ± 2.08 mm with OCT of 4.37 ± 2.03 mm with toluidine blue, a difference not statistically significant (p = 0.2891). The Bland-Altman analysis indicated a good qualitative agreement between the methods, with all cases inserted within the limits of agreement from -0.3217 to 0.4268. The ICC quantitative analysis showed an almost perfect agreement of 99.57% (95%CI: 98.96-99.83%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that OCT and toluidine eye drops are equivalent in determining margins for tumour measurements, which is particularly relevant in low-income settings where anterior segment OCT is not available. The use of toluidine blue 1% could be an useful alternative to quantify the size of the tumour, help to monitor tumour growth, and outline margins for surgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Benchimol Ferraz
- Department of Visual Sciences and Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruno F. Fernandes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Argumento Institute, Boucherville, QC, Canada
| | - Melina Correia Morales
- Department of Visual Sciences and Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Belfort Neto
- Department of Visual Sciences and Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur Gustavo Fernandes
- Department of Visual Sciences and Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Yang F, Bevilacqua C, Hambura S, Neves A, Gopalan A, Watanabe K, Govendir M, Bernabeu M, Ellenberg J, Diz-Muñoz A, Köhler S, Rapti G, Jechlinger M, Prevedel R. Author Correction: Pulsed stimulated Brillouin microscopy enables high-sensitivity mechanical imaging of live and fragile biological specimens. Nat Methods 2024; 21:922. [PMID: 38561451 PMCID: PMC11093723 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Carlo Bevilacqua
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hambura
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana Neves
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anusha Gopalan
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Koki Watanabe
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matt Govendir
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Bernabeu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Ellenberg
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alba Diz-Muñoz
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Köhler
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georgia Rapti
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Jechlinger
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- MOLIT Institute for Personalized Medicine gGmbH, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Robert Prevedel
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Rome, Italy.
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Urlings P, Gramer I, Jones C, Dirrig H. Computed tomographic features of canine prostatic carcinoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024. [PMID: 38687009 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine prostatic carcinoma (PC) has incompletely defined CT features. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective case series was to assess prostatic, regional, and distant findings of PC. Thirty dogs were enrolled. Consistent prostatic features included postcontrast heterogeneity with hypoattenuating, nonenhancing areas (30/30), capsular distortion (29/30), prostatic urethral effacement, displacement, or invasion (28/30), precontrast heterogeneity (27/30), and mineralization (24/30) which was always within or at the margin of the hypoattenuating areas. Consistent extraprostatic features included medial iliac lymph node enlargement (20/30), internal iliac lymph node enlargement (15/30), and periprostatic fat streaking or fluid (15/29). In a minority of dogs, there was lymph node mineralization, bladder trigone invasion, ureteral dilation, ductus deferens invasion, and bony changes consistent with hypertrophic osteopathy. Strongly suspected and potential bony metastases were noted infrequently (8/26), all in vertebrae regional to the prostate. In conclusion, these findings provide guidance on the expected CT features of canine PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Urlings
- Southpaws Specialty, Emergency and Referral Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- The Animal Hospital, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Irina Gramer
- Southpaws Specialty, Emergency and Referral Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Coleen Jones
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Helen Dirrig
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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Melouki N, Ahmed F, PourMohammadi P, Naseri H, Bizan MS, Iqbal A, Denidni TA. 3D-Printed Conformal Meta-Lens with Multiple Beam-Shaping Functionalities for Mm-Wave Sensing Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2826. [PMID: 38732932 PMCID: PMC11086072 DOI: 10.3390/s24092826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a 3D conformal meta-lens designed for manipulating electromagnetic beams via height-to-phase control is proposed. The structure consists of a 40 × 20 array of tunable unit cells fabricated using 3D printing, enabling full 360° phase compensation. A novel automatic synthesizing method (ASM) with an integrated optimization process based on genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted here to create the meta-lens. Simulation using CST Microwave Studio and MATLAB reveals the antenna's beam deflection capability by adjusting phase compensations for each unit cell. Various beam scanning techniques are demonstrated, including single-beam, dual-beam generation, and orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam deflection at different angles of 0°, 10°, 15°, 25°, 30°, and 45°. A 3D-printed prototype of the dual-beam feature has been fabricated and measured for validation purposes, with good agreement between both simulation and measurement results, with small discrepancies due to 3D printing's low resolution and fabrication errors. This meta-lens shows promise for low-cost, high-gain beam deflection in mm-wave wireless communication systems, especially for sensing applications, with potential for wider 2D beam scanning and independent beam deflection enhancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Melouki
- Centre-Energie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montreal, QC H5A 1K6, Canada; (F.A.); (P.P.); (H.N.); (M.S.B.); (A.I.); (T.A.D.)
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Hofmann AG, Mlekusch I, Wickenhauser G, Walter C, Taher F, Assadian A. Individualizing Surveillance after Endovascular Aortic Repair Using a Modular Imaging Algorithm. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:930. [PMID: 38732344 PMCID: PMC11082944 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surveillance after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) and fenestrated EVAR (FEVAR) is mainly directed by one-size-fits-all approaches instead of personalized decision making, even though treatment strategies and often endografts themselves are tailor-made to adjust for individual patients. We propose a modular imaging algorithm that escalates surveillance imaging based on invasiveness and need. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective observational study of single-center data, results of a modular imaging algorithm were analyzed. The algorithm is characterized by initiating the examination with standard B-mode then transitioning to Duplex ultrasound, B-Flow, and CEUS. Additional CT(A) studies are conducted where required. The study population included both patients receiving EVAR or FEVAR. A comparative analysis was conducted regarding endoleak detection. RESULTS The study population included 28 patients receiving EVAR and 40 patients receiving FEVAR. They accounted for 101 follow-up visits, which led to 431 distinct imaging studies. CEUS has the highest endoleak detection rate, followed by CTA and B-Flow. Duplex ultrasound and B-Flow resulted in 0 and 1 false positive cases, respectively, considering CEUS the reference standard. In a select group of six patients, CEUS was omitted after endoleaks were displayed by Duplex ultrasound or B-Flow, leading to a successful type II coiling and no aneurysm-related adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The proposed modular algorithm showed great potential to incorporate principles of personalized medicine in surveillance after endovascular aortic treatment. Since Duplex ultrasound and B-Flow rarely cause false positive endoleaks, more resource-intensive and invasive imaging studies such as CEUS and CTA can be omitted after positive identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amun Georg Hofmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinik Ottakring, Montleartstraße 37, 1160 Vienna, Austria
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