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Wood EK, Reid BM, Sheerar DS, Donzella B, Gunnar MR, Coe CL. Lingering Effects of Early Institutional Rearing and Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Natural Killer Cell Repertoire of Adopted Adolescents. Biomolecules 2024; 14:456. [PMID: 38672472 PMCID: PMC11047877 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adversity during infancy can affect neurobehavioral development and perturb the maturation of physiological systems. Dysregulated immune and inflammatory responses contribute to many of the later effects on health. Whether normalization can occur following a transition to more nurturing, benevolent conditions is unclear. To assess the potential for recovery, blood samples were obtained from 45 adolescents adopted by supportive families after impoverished infancies in institutional settings (post-institutionalized, PI). Their immune profiles were compared to 39 age-matched controls raised by their biological parents (non-adopted, NA). Leukocytes were immunophenotyped, and this analysis focuses on natural killer (NK) cell populations in circulation. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity was evaluated to determine if early infection contributed to the impact of an atypical rearing. Associations with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), two cytokines released by activated NK cells, were examined. Compared to the NA controls, PI adolescents had a lower percent of CD56bright NK cells in circulation, higher TNF-α levels, and were more likely to be infected with CMV. PI adolescents who were latent carriers of CMV expressed NKG2C and CD57 surface markers on more NK cells, including CD56dim lineages. The NK cell repertoire revealed lingering immune effects of early rearing while still maintaining an overall integrity and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K. Wood
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brie M. Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA;
| | - Dagna S. Sheerar
- Wisconsin Institute of Medical Research, University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Bonny Donzella
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.D.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Megan R. Gunnar
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.D.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Christopher L. Coe
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 54706, USA;
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Zhong T, Li X, Lei K, Tang R, Zhou Z, Zhao B, Li X. CXCL12-CXCR4 mediates CD57 + CD8 + T cell responses in the progression of type 1 diabetes. J Autoimmun 2024; 143:103171. [PMID: 38306953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
CD57+ CD8+ T cells, also referred as effector memory cells, are implicated in various conditions including tumor immunity, virus immunity, and most recently with autoimmunity. However, their roles in the progression and remission of T1D are still unclear. Here, we noted an increase in peripheral CD57+ CD8+ T cells in a T1D patient harboring an activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mutation. Our in-depth study on the role of CD57+ CD8+ T cells within a T1D patient cohort revealed that these cells undergo significant compositional shifts during the disease's progression. Longitudinal cohort data suggested that CD57+ CD8+ T cell prevalence may be a harbinger of β-cell function decline in T1D patients. Characterized by robust cytotoxic activity, heightened production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased intracellular glucose uptake, these cells may be key players in the pathophysiology of T1D. Moreover, in vitro assays showed that the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis promotes the expansion and function of CD57+ CD8+ T cells via Erk1/2 signaling. Notably, the changes of serum CXCL12 concentrations were also found in individuals during the peri-remission phase of T1D. Furthermore, treatment with the CXCR4 antagonist LY2510924 reduced the immunological infiltration of CD57+ CD8+ T cells and mitigated hyperglycemia in a STZ-induced T1D mouse model. Taken together, our work has uncovered a novel role of the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in driving CD57+ CD8+ T cells responses in T1D, and presented a promising therapeutic strategy for delaying the onset and progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhong
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kang Lei
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Xia Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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3
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Beckmann ND, Comella PH, Cheng E, Lepow L, Beckmann AG, Tyler SR, Mouskas K, Simons NW, Hoffman GE, Francoeur NJ, Del Valle DM, Kang G, Do A, Moya E, Wilkins L, Le Berichel J, Chang C, Marvin R, Calorossi S, Lansky A, Walker L, Yi N, Yu A, Chung J, Hartnett M, Eaton M, Hatem S, Jamal H, Akyatan A, Tabachnikova A, Liharska LE, Cotter L, Fennessy B, Vaid A, Barturen G, Shah H, Wang YC, Sridhar SH, Soto J, Bose S, Madrid K, Ellis E, Merzier E, Vlachos K, Fishman N, Tin M, Smith M, Xie H, Patel M, Nie K, Argueta K, Harris J, Karekar N, Batchelor C, Lacunza J, Yishak M, Tuballes K, Scott I, Kumar A, Jaladanki S, Agashe C, Thompson R, Clark E, Losic B, Peters L, Roussos P, Zhu J, Wang W, Kasarskis A, Glicksberg BS, Nadkarni G, Bogunovic D, Elaiho C, Gangadharan S, Ofori-Amanfo G, Alesso-Carra K, Onel K, Wilson KM, Argmann C, Bunyavanich S, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Marron TU, Rahman A, Kim-Schulze S, Gnjatic S, Gelb BD, Merad M, Sebra R, Schadt EE, Charney AW. Downregulation of exhausted cytotoxic T cells in gene expression networks of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4854. [PMID: 34381049 PMCID: PMC8357784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24981-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presents with fever, inflammation and pathology of multiple organs in individuals under 21 years of age in the weeks following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Although an autoimmune pathogenesis has been proposed, the genes, pathways and cell types causal to this new disease remain unknown. Here we perform RNA sequencing of blood from patients with MIS-C and controls to find disease-associated genes clustered in a co-expression module annotated to CD56dimCD57+ natural killer (NK) cells and exhausted CD8+ T cells. A similar transcriptome signature is replicated in an independent cohort of Kawasaki disease (KD), the related condition after which MIS-C was initially named. Probing a probabilistic causal network previously constructed from over 1,000 blood transcriptomes both validates the structure of this module and reveals nine key regulators, including TBX21, a central coordinator of exhausted CD8+ T cell differentiation. Together, this unbiased, transcriptome-wide survey implicates downregulation of NK cells and cytotoxic T cell exhaustion in the pathogenesis of MIS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Phillip H Comella
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Lepow
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aviva G Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott R Tyler
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Konstantinos Mouskas
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole W Simons
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel E Hoffman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy J Francoeur
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gurpawan Kang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anh Do
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Moya
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lillian Wilkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Le Berichel
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christie Chang
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Marvin
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sharlene Calorossi
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alona Lansky
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Walker
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy Yi
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Yu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Chung
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Melody Eaton
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Hatem
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hajra Jamal
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alara Akyatan
- Department of of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Tabachnikova
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lora E Liharska
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liam Cotter
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian Fennessy
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akhil Vaid
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guillermo Barturen
- Department of Medical Genomics, Center for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Hardik Shah
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying-Chih Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shwetha Hara Sridhar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Soto
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Swaroop Bose
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kent Madrid
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ethan Ellis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elyze Merzier
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Konstantinos Vlachos
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nataly Fishman
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manying Tin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Smith
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hui Xie
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manishkumar Patel
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kai Nie
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kimberly Argueta
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jocelyn Harris
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neha Karekar
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Craig Batchelor
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose Lacunza
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahlet Yishak
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Tuballes
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ieisha Scott
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suraj Jaladanki
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charuta Agashe
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Thompson
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Clark
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bojan Losic
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Peters
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panagiotis Roussos
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cordelia Elaiho
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandeep Gangadharan
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Ofori-Amanfo
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kasey Alesso-Carra
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenan Onel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen M Wilson
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Supinda Bunyavanich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas U Marron
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adeeb Rahman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA.
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT, USA.
| | - Alexander W Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomics Technology, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Mount Sinai COVID Informatics Center, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Castillo G, Kleene R, Schachner M, Loers G, Torda AE. Proteins Binding to the Carbohydrate HNK-1: Common Origins? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158116. [PMID: 34360882 PMCID: PMC8347730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human natural killer (HNK-1) carbohydrate plays important roles during nervous system development, regeneration after trauma and synaptic plasticity. Four proteins have been identified as receptors for HNK-1: the laminin adhesion molecule, high-mobility group box 1 and 2 (also called amphoterin) and cadherin 2 (also called N-cadherin). Because of HNK-1′s importance, we asked whether additional receptors for HNK-1 exist and whether the four identified proteins share any similarity in their primary structures. A set of 40,000 sequences homologous to the known HNK-1 receptors was selected and used for large-scale sequence alignments and motif searches. Although there are conserved regions and highly conserved sites within each of these protein families, there was no sequence similarity or conserved sequence motifs found to be shared by all families. Since HNK-1 receptors have not been compared regarding binding constants and since it is not known whether the sulfated or non-sulfated part of HKN-1 represents the structurally crucial ligand, the receptors are more heterogeneous in primary structure than anticipated, possibly involving different receptor or ligand regions. We thus conclude that the primary protein structure may not be the sole determinant for a bona fide HNK-1 receptor, rendering receptor structure more complex than originally assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaston Castillo
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (G.C.); (R.K.)
| | - Ralf Kleene
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (G.C.); (R.K.)
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Gabriele Loers
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (G.C.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (A.E.T.); Tel.: +49-40741056292 (G.L.); +49-40428387331 (A.E.T.)
| | - Andrew E. Torda
- Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 43, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (A.E.T.); Tel.: +49-40741056292 (G.L.); +49-40428387331 (A.E.T.)
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5
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Diggins KE, Serti E, Muir V, Rosasco M, Lu T, Balmas E, Nepom G, Long SA, Linsley PS. Exhausted-like CD8+ T cell phenotypes linked to C-peptide preservation in alefacept-treated T1D subjects. JCI Insight 2021; 6:142680. [PMID: 33351781 PMCID: PMC7934874 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials of biologic therapies in type 1 diabetes (T1D) aim to mitigate autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells through immune perturbation and serve as resources to elucidate immunological mechanisms in health and disease. In the T1DAL trial of alefacept (LFA3-Ig) in recent-onset T1D, endogenous insulin production was preserved in 30% of subjects for 2 years after therapy. Given our previous findings linking exhausted-like CD8+ T cells to beneficial response in T1D trials, we applied unbiased analyses to sorted CD8+ T cells to evaluate their potential role in T1DAL. Using RNA sequencing, we found that greater insulin C-peptide preservation was associated with a module of activation- and exhaustion-associated genes. This signature was dissected into 2 CD8 memory phenotypes through correlation with cytometry data. These cells were hypoproliferative, shared expanded rearranged TCR junctions, and expressed exhaustion-associated markers including TIGIT and KLRG1. The 2 phenotypes could be distinguished by reciprocal expression of CD8+ T and NK cell markers (GZMB, CD57, and inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor [iKIR] genes), versus T cell activation and differentiation markers (PD-1 and CD28). These findings support previous evidence linking exhausted-like CD8+ T cells to successful immune interventions for T1D, while suggesting that multiple inhibitory mechanisms can promote this beneficial cell state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E. Diggins
- Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Virginia Muir
- Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mario Rosasco
- Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - TingTing Lu
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisa Balmas
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gerald Nepom
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - S. Alice Long
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter S. Linsley
- Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
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6
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Sytnyk V, Leshchyns'ka I, Schachner M. Neural glycomics: the sweet side of nervous system functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:93-116. [PMID: 32613283 PMCID: PMC11071817 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The success of investigations on the structure and function of the genome (genomics) has been paralleled by an equally awesome progress in the analysis of protein structure and function (proteomics). We propose that the investigation of carbohydrate structures that go beyond a cell's metabolism is a rapidly developing frontier in our expanding knowledge on the structure and function of carbohydrates (glycomics). No other functional system appears to be suited as well as the nervous system to study the functions of glycans, which had been originally characterized outside the nervous system. In this review, we describe the multiple studies on the functions of LewisX, the human natural killer cell antigen-1 (HNK-1), as well as oligomannosidic and sialic (neuraminic) acids. We attempt to show the sophistication of these structures in ontogenetic development, synaptic function and plasticity, and recovery from trauma, with a view on neurodegeneration and possibilities to ameliorate deterioration. In view of clinical applications, we emphasize the need for glycomimetic small organic compounds which surpass the usefulness of natural glycans in that they are metabolically more stable, more parsimonious to synthesize or isolate, and more advantageous for therapy, since many of them pass the blood brain barrier and are drug-approved for treatments other than those in the nervous system, thus allowing a more ready access for application in neurological diseases. We describe the isolation of such mimetic compounds using not only Western NIH, but also traditional Chinese medical libraries. With this review, we hope to deepen the interests in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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7
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Ahmed R, Miners KL, Lahoz-Beneytez J, Jones RE, Roger L, Baboonian C, Zhang Y, Wang ECY, Hellerstein MK, McCune JM, Baird DM, Price DA, Macallan DC, Asquith B, Ladell K. CD57 + Memory T Cells Proliferate In Vivo. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108501. [PMID: 33326780 PMCID: PMC7758161 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A central paradigm in the field of lymphocyte biology asserts that replicatively senescent memory T cells express the carbohydrate epitope CD57. These cells nonetheless accumulate with age and expand numerically in response to persistent antigenic stimulation. Here, we use in vivo deuterium labeling and ex vivo analyses of telomere length, telomerase activity, and intracellular expression of the cell-cycle marker Ki67 to distinguish between two non-exclusive scenarios: (1) CD57+ memory T cells do not proliferate and instead arise via phenotypic transition from the CD57- memory T cell pool; and/or (2) CD57+ memory T cells self-renew via intracompartmental proliferation. Our results provide compelling evidence in favor of the latter scenario and further suggest in conjunction with mathematical modeling that self-renewal is by far the most abundant source of newly generated CD57+ memory T cells. Immunological memory therefore appears to be intrinsically sustainable among highly differentiated subsets of T cells that express CD57.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raya Ahmed
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Kelly L Miners
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | | | - Rhiannon E Jones
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Laureline Roger
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Christina Baboonian
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Eddie C Y Wang
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Marc K Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joseph M McCune
- HIV Frontiers Program, Global Health Innovative Technology Solutions, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Duncan M Baird
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Derek C Macallan
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK; St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK.
| | - Becca Asquith
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Kristin Ladell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Neonatal Unit, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea SA2 8QA, UK.
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8
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Takayama Y, Akagi Y, Shibuya Y, Kida YS. Exposure to small molecule cocktails allows induction of neural crest lineage cells from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241125. [PMID: 33104750 PMCID: PMC7588063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) are a promising source for cell therapy and regenerative medicine owing to their multipotency, self-renewability, and capability to secrete various trophic factors. However, isolating NCCs from adult organs is challenging, because NCCs are broadly distributed throughout the body. Hence, we attempted to directly induce NCCs from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), which can be isolated easily, using small molecule cocktails. We established a controlled induction protocol with two-step application of small molecule cocktails for 6 days. The induction efficiency was evaluated based on mRNA and protein expression of neural crest markers, such as nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) and sex-determining region Y-box 10 (SOX10). We also found that various trophic factors were significantly upregulated following treatment with the small molecule cocktails. Therefore, we performed global profiling of cell surface makers and identified distinctly upregulated markers, including the neural crest-specific cell surface markers CD271 and CD57. These results indicate that our chemical treatment can direct human ADSCs to developing into the neural crest lineage. This offers a promising experimental platform to study human NCCs for applications in cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Takayama
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- * E-mail: (YT); (YSK)
| | - Yuka Akagi
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Shibuya
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki S. Kida
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- * E-mail: (YT); (YSK)
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9
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Chen B, Morris SR, Panigrahi S, Michaelson GM, Wyrick JM, Komissarov AA, Potashnikova D, Lebedeva A, Younes SA, Harth K, Kashyap VS, Vasilieva E, Margolis L, Zidar DA, Sieg SF, Shive CL, Funderburg NT, Gianella S, Lederman MM, Freeman ML. Cytomegalovirus Coinfection Is Associated with Increased Vascular-Homing CD57 + CD4 T Cells in HIV Infection. J Immunol 2020; 204:2722-2733. [PMID: 32229536 PMCID: PMC7315224 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic CD4 T cells are linked to cardiovascular morbidities and accumulate in both HIV and CMV infections, both of which are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we identify CMV coinfection as a major driver of the cytotoxic phenotype, characterized by elevated CD57 expression and reduced CD28 expression, in circulating CD4 T cells from people living with HIV infection, and investigate potential mechanisms linking this cell population to CVD. We find that human CD57+ CD4 T cells express high levels of the costimulatory receptor CD2 and that CD2/LFA-3 costimulation results in a more robust and polyfunctional effector response to TCR signals, compared with CD28-mediated costimulation. CD57+ CD4 T cells also express the vascular endothelium-homing receptor CX3CR1 and migrate toward CX3CL1-expressing endothelial cells in vitro. IL-15 promotes the cytotoxic phenotype, elevates CX3CR1 expression, and enhances the trafficking of CD57+ CD4 T cells to endothelium and may therefore be important in linking these cells to cardiovascular complications. Finally, we demonstrate the presence of activated CD57+ CD4 T cells and expression of CX3CL1 and LFA-3 in atherosclerotic plaque tissues from HIV-uninfected donors. Our findings are consistent with a model in which cytotoxic CD4 T cells contribute to CVD in HIV/CMV coinfection and in atherosclerosis via CX3CR1-mediated trafficking and CD2/LFA-3-mediated costimulation. This study identifies several targets for therapeutic interventions and may help bridge the gap in understanding how CMV infection and immunity are linked to increased cardiovascular risk in people living with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Chen
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Stephen R Morris
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Soumya Panigrahi
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Gillian M Michaelson
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jonathan M Wyrick
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Alexey A Komissarov
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia
| | - Daria Potashnikova
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Anna Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia
| | - Souheil-Antoine Younes
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Karem Harth
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Vikram S Kashyap
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Elena Vasilieva
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia
| | - Leonid Margolis
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David A Zidar
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Scott F Sieg
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Carey L Shive
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Sara Gianella
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Michael L Freeman
- Center for AIDS Research, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106;
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10
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Jacquier A, Dumont C, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N, LeMaoult J. Cytometry-based analysis of HLA-G functions according to ILT2 expression. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:168-177. [PMID: 32081570 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
HLA-G was described as a molecule inhibiting NK and T cells functions through its receptor, ILT2. However, most functional studies of HLA-G were so far performed on heterogeneous immune populations and regardless of ILT2 expression. This may lead to an underestimation of the effect of HLA-G. Thus, considering the immune subpopulations sensitive to HLA-G remained an important issue in the field. Here we present a new cytometry assay to evaluate HLA-G effects on both NK and CD8+ T cell cytotoxic functions. Using flow cytometry allows for the comparison of HLA-G function on multiple subsets and multiple functions in the same time. In particular, we sharpen the analysis by specifically studying the immune subpopulations expressing HLA-G receptor ILT2. We focused our work on: IFN-gamma production and cytotoxicity (CD107a expression) by CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing or not ILT2. We compared the expression of these markers in presence of target cells, expressing or not HLA-G1, and added a blocking antibody to reverse HLA-G inhibition. This new method allows for the discrimination of cell subsets responding and non-responding to HLA-G1 in one tube. We confirm that HLA-G-specifically inhibits the ILT2+ CD8+ T cell and ILT2+ NK cell subsets but not ILT2-negative ones. By blocking HLA-G/ILT2 interaction using an anti-ILT2 antibody we restored the cytotoxicity level, corroborating the specific inhibition of HLA-G1. We believe that our methodology enables to investigate HLA-G immune functions easily and finely towards other immune cell lineages or expressing other receptors, and might be applied in several pathological contexts, such as cancer and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jacquier
- CEA, DRF-Francois Jacob Institute, Hemato-Immunology Research Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France; U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - C Dumont
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - E D Carosella
- CEA, DRF-Francois Jacob Institute, Hemato-Immunology Research Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France; U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - N Rouas-Freiss
- CEA, DRF-Francois Jacob Institute, Hemato-Immunology Research Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France; U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - J LeMaoult
- CEA, DRF-Francois Jacob Institute, Hemato-Immunology Research Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France; U976 HIPI Unit, IRSL, Paris University, Paris, France.
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11
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Lee YH, Kim SR, Han DH, Yu HT, Han YD, Kim JH, Kim SH, Lee CJ, Min BH, Kim DH, Kim KH, Cho JW, Lee WW, Shin EC, Park S. Senescent T Cells Predict the Development of Hyperglycemia in Humans. Diabetes 2019; 68:156-162. [PMID: 30389747 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescent T cells have been implicated in chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we explored the relationship between senescent T cells and glycemic status in a cohort of 805 participants by investigating the frequency of CD57+ or CD28null senescent T cells in peripheral blood. Participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) with follow-up data (N = 149) were included to determine whether hyperglycemia (prediabetes or type 2 diabetes) developed during follow-up (mean 2.3 years). CD8+CD57+ and CD8+CD28null T-cell frequencies were significantly higher in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes compared with NGT. Increased CD57+ or CD28null cells in the CD8+ T-cell subset were independently associated with hyperglycemia. Furthermore, among participants with baseline NGT, the frequency of CD8+CD57+ T cells was an independent predictor of hyperglycemia development. Immunofluorescent analyses confirmed that CD8+CD57+ T-cell infiltration was increased in visceral adipose tissue of patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes compared with those with NGT. Our data suggest that increased frequency of senescent CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood is associated with development of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ho Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yu
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan Joo Lee
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Min
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Institute of Endemic Disease and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Garg K, Meriläinen L, Franz O, Pirttinen H, Quevedo-Diaz M, Croucher S, Gilbert L. Evaluating polymicrobial immune responses in patients suffering from tick-borne diseases. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15932. [PMID: 30374055 PMCID: PMC6206025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is insufficient evidence to support screening of various tick-borne diseases (TBD) related microbes alongside Borrelia in patients suffering from TBD. To evaluate the involvement of multiple microbial immune responses in patients experiencing TBD we utilized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Four hundred and thirty-two human serum samples organized into seven categories followed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention two-tier Lyme disease (LD) diagnosis guidelines and Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome. All patient categories were tested for their immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG) responses against 20 microbes associated with TBD. Our findings recognize that microbial infections in patients suffering from TBDs do not follow the one microbe, one disease Germ Theory as 65% of the TBD patients produce immune responses to various microbes. We have established a causal association between TBD patients and TBD associated co-infections and essential opportunistic microbes following Bradford Hill's criteria. This study indicated an 85% probability that a randomly selected TBD patient will respond to Borrelia and other related TBD microbes rather than to Borrelia alone. A paradigm shift is required in current healthcare policies to diagnose TBD so that patients can get tested and treated even for opportunistic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Garg
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Te?ted Ltd, Mattilaniemi 6-8, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Leena Meriläinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ole Franz
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heidi Pirttinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marco Quevedo-Diaz
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Stephen Croucher
- School of Communication, Journalism, and Marketing, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Leona Gilbert
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
- Te?ted Ltd, Mattilaniemi 6-8, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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13
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Seidel JA, Vukmanovic‐Stejic M, Muller‐Durovic B, Patel N, Fuentes‐Duculan J, Henson SM, Krueger JG, Rustin MHA, Nestle FO, Lacy KE, Akbar AN. Skin resident memory CD8 + T cells are phenotypically and functionally distinct from circulating populations and lack immediate cytotoxic function. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 194:79-92. [PMID: 30030847 PMCID: PMC6156810 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The in-depth understanding of skin resident memory CD8+ T lymphocytes (TRM ) may help to uncover strategies for their manipulation during disease. We investigated isolated TRM from healthy human skin, which expressed the residence marker CD69, and compared them to circulating CD8+ T cell populations from the same donors. There were significantly increased proportions of CD8+ CD45RA- CD27- T cells in the skin that expressed low levels of killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1), CD57, perforin and granzyme B. The CD8+ TRM in skin were therefore phenotypically distinct from circulating CD8+ CD45RA- CD27- T cells that expressed high levels of all these molecules. Nevertheless, the activation of CD8+ TRM with T cell receptor (TCR)/CD28 or interleukin (IL)-2 or IL-15 in vitro induced the expression of granzyme B. Blocking signalling through the inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD)-1 further boosted granzyme B expression. A unique feature of some CD8+ TRM cells was their ability to secrete high levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-2, a cytokine combination that was not seen frequently in circulating CD8+ T cells. The cutaneous CD8+ TRM are therefore diverse, and appear to be phenotypically and functionally distinct from circulating cells. Indeed, the surface receptors used to distinguish differentiation stages of blood T cells cannot be applied to T cells in the skin. Furthermore, the function of cutaneous TRM appears to be stringently controlled by environmental signals in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Seidel
- Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College LondonUK
| | | | - B. Muller‐Durovic
- Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College LondonUK
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - N. Patel
- Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College LondonUK
| | - J. Fuentes‐Duculan
- Laboratory for Investigative DermatologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | - S. M. Henson
- Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College LondonUK
- Present address:
William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonCharterhouse SquareLondon EC1M 6BQ
| | - J. G. Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative DermatologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | | | - F. O. Nestle
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cutaneous Medicine and ImmunotherapySt John’s Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - K. E. Lacy
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cutaneous Medicine and ImmunotherapySt John’s Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - A. N. Akbar
- Division of Infection and ImmunityUniversity College LondonUK
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14
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McDonald AJ, Hamilton PG, Barnstable CJ. Perineuronal nets labeled by monoclonal antibody VC1.1 ensheath interneurons expressing parvalbumin and calbindin in the rat amygdala. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:1133-1148. [PMID: 29094304 PMCID: PMC5871560 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized condensations of extracellular matrix that ensheath particular neuronal subpopulations in the brain and spinal cord. PNNs regulate synaptic plasticity, including the encoding of fear memories by the amygdala. The present immunohistochemical investigation studied PNN structure and distribution, as well as the neurochemistry of their ensheathed neurons, in the rat amygdala using monoclonal antibody VC1.1, which recognizes a glucuronic acid 3-sulfate glycan associated with PNNs in the cerebral cortex. VC1.1+ PNNs surrounded the cell bodies and dendrites of a subset of nonpyramidal neurons in cortex-like portions of the amygdala (basolateral amygdalar complex, cortical nuclei, nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract, and amygdalohippocampal region). There was also significant neuropilar VC1.1 immunoreactivity, whose density varied in different amygdalar nuclei. Cell counts in the basolateral nucleus revealed that virtually all neurons ensheathed by VC1.1+ PNNs were parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons, and these VC1.1+/PV+ cells constituted 60% of all PV+ interneurons, including all of the larger PV+ neurons. Approximately 70% of VC1.1+ neurons were calbindin-positive (CB+), and these VC1.1+/CB+ cells constituted about 40% of all CB+ neurons. Colocalization of VC1.1 with Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) binding, which stains terminal N-acetylgalactosamines, revealed that VC1.1+ PNNs were largely a subset of VVA+ PNNs. This investigation provides baseline data regarding PNNs in the rat which should be useful for future studies of their function in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J McDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - Patricia G Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Colin J Barnstable
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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15
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Xu H, Bendersky VA, Brennan TV, Espinosa JR, Kirk AD. IL-7 receptor heterogeneity as a mechanism for repertoire change during postdepletional homeostatic proliferation and its relation to costimulation blockade-resistant rejection. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:720-730. [PMID: 29136317 PMCID: PMC6035390 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Kidney transplant patients treated with belatacept without depletional induction experience higher rates of acute rejection compared to patients treated with conventional immunosuppression. Costimulation blockade-resistant rejection (CoBRR) is associated with terminally differentiated T cells. Alemtuzumab induction and belatacept/sirolimus immunotherapy effectively prevent CoBRR. We hypothesized that cells in late phases of differentiation would be selectively less capable than more naive phenotypes of repopulating postdepletion, providing a potential mechanism by which lymphocyte depletion and repopulation could reduce the risk of CoBRR. Lymphocytes from 20 recipients undergoing alemtuzumab-induced depletion and belatacept/sirolimus immunosuppression were studied longitudinally for markers of maturation (CCR7, CD45RA, CD57, PD1), recent thymic emigration (CD31), and the IL-7 receptor-α (IL-7Rα). Serum was analyzed for IL-7. Alemtuzumab induction produced profound lymphopenia followed by repopulation, during which naive IL-7Rα+ CD57- PD1- cells progressively became the predominant subset. This did not occur in a comparator group of 10 patients treated with conventional immunosuppression. Serum from depleted patients showed markedly elevated IL-7 levels posttransplantation. Sorted CD57- PD1- cells demonstrated robust proliferation in response to IL-7, whereas more differentiated cells proliferated poorly. These data suggest that differences in IL-7-dependent proliferation is one exploitable mechanism that distinguishes CoB-sensitive and CoB-resistant T cell populations to reduce the risk of CoBRR. (ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT00565773.).
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Affiliation(s)
- He Xu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Todd V Brennan
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jaclyn R Espinosa
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Allan D Kirk
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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16
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Parra ER, Behrens C, Rodriguez-Canales J, Lin H, Mino B, Blando J, Zhang J, Gibbons DL, Heymach JV, Sepesi B, Swisher SG, Weissferdt A, Kalhor N, Izzo J, Kadara H, Moran C, Lee JJ, Wistuba II. Image Analysis-based Assessment of PD-L1 and Tumor-Associated Immune Cells Density Supports Distinct Intratumoral Microenvironment Groups in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:6278-6289. [PMID: 27252415 PMCID: PMC5558040 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the correlation between immunohistochemical PD-L1 expression and tumor-associated immune cells (TAICs) density in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and correlated them with clinicopathologic variables. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Tumor tissue specimens from 254 stage I-III NSCLCs [146 adenocarcinomas; 108 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)] were examined. PD-L1 expression in malignant cells and macrophages and the density of TAICs expressing CD3, CD4, CD8, CD57, granzyme B, CD45RO, PD-1, FOXP3, and CD68 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and image analysis. RESULTS Malignant cells PD-L1 H-score > 5 was detected in 23% of adenocarcinomas and 31% of SCCs, and no significant differences were detected comparing both histologies; the median H-score in macrophages was significantly higher in SCC than in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.001). In adenocarcinoma, high malignant cells PD-L1 expression and high TAIC density correlated with solid histology, smoking history, and airflow limitation. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high CD57-positive cell density correlated with better recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.0236; HR, 0.457) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.0261; HR, 0.481) rates for SCC. High CD68-positive cell density in intratumoral compartment correlated with better RFS (P = 0.0436; HR, 0.553) for adenocarcinoma. The combination of low CD4/CD8/C68-positive cell density and PD-L1 H-score >5 in malignant cells identified small subset of adenocarcinomas with worse outcomes (RFS: P = 0.036; HR, 4.299; OS: P = 0.00034; HR, 5.632). CONCLUSIONS We detected different PD-L1 expression and TAIC density patterns in NSCLC. Distinct groups of tumor microenvironment correlated with NSCLC clinicopathologic features, including outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6278-89. ©2016 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- CD57 Antigens/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology
- Male
- Tumor Microenvironment/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R Parra
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaime Rodriguez-Canales
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Heather Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Barbara Mino
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jorge Blando
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Boris Sepesi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen G Swisher
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Annikka Weissferdt
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Neda Kalhor
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Julie Izzo
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Humam Kadara
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cesar Moran
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jack J Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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17
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Brennan K, McSharry BP, Keating S, Petrasca A, O'Reilly VP, Keane J, Doherty DG, Gardiner CM. Human Natural Killer cell expression of ULBP2 is associated with a mature functional phenotype. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:876-885. [PMID: 27349945 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
NKG2D is an important activating receptor expressed on NK cells. Ligands (termed NKG2DL) for this receptor include ULBP1-6, MICA and MICB in humans; they are upregulated in stressed, cancerous or infected cells where they engage NKG2D to induce NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Expression of NKG2DL on effector cells has been described in mice and more recently in human cells. We confirm that NK cell lines and IL-2 stimulated primary human NK cells also express the NKG2DL, ULBP2. However, expression of ULBP2 was not a result of transfer from a non-NK cell to an NK cell and in contrast to recent reports we saw no evidence that ULBP2 expression targeted these NK cells for fratricide or for cytotoxicity by NKG2D-expressing, non-NK effector cells. ULBP2 expression was however linked to expression of mature CD57(+) NK cells. In particular, expression of ULBP2 was strongest on those NK cells that had evidence of recent activation and proliferation. We suggest that ULBP2 could be used to identify recently activated "mature" NK cells. Defining this phenotype would be useful for understanding the ontogeny on human NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiva Brennan
- NK Cell Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Brian P McSharry
- NK Cell Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Keating
- NK Cell Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andreea Petrasca
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Vincent P O'Reilly
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Joseph Keane
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Derek G Doherty
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Clair M Gardiner
- NK Cell Laboratory, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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18
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Abstract
The CD57 antigen (alternatively HNK-1, LEU-7, or L2) is routinely used to identify terminally differentiated 'senescent' cells with reduced proliferative capacity and altered functional properties. In this article, we review current understanding of the attributes of CD57-expressing T-cells and NK cells in both health and disease and discuss how this marker can inform researchers about their likely functions in human blood and tissues in vivo. While CD57 expression on human lymphocytes indicates an inability to proliferate, these cells also display high cytotoxic potential, and CD57(pos) NK cells exhibit both memory-like features and potent effector functions. Accordingly, frequencies of CD57-expressing cells in blood and tissues have been correlated with clinical prognosis in chronic infections or various cancers and with human aging. Functional modulation of senescent CD57(pos) T-cells and mature CD57(pos) NK cells may therefore represent innovative strategies for protection against human immunological aging and/or various chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassen Kared
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Aging and Immunity Program, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #3 Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Serena Martelli
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Aging and Immunity Program, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #3 Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Republic of Singapore
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Gerontological Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sylvia L F Pender
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Aging and Immunity Program, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #3 Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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19
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Siniscalco D, Mijatovic T, Bosmans E, Cirillo A, Kruzliak P, Lombardi VC, De Meirleir K, Antonucci N. Decreased Numbers of CD57+CD3- Cells Identify Potential Innate Immune Differences in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In Vivo 2016; 30:83-89. [PMID: 26912817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex, and severe heterogeneous neurodevelopmental pathologies with accepted but complex immune system abnormalities. Additional knowledge regarding potential immune dysfunctions may provide a greater understanding of this malady. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CD57(+)CD3(-) mature lymphocyte subpopulation of natural killer cells as a marker of immune dysfunction in ASD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-color flow cytometry-based analysis of fresh peripheral blood samples from children with autism was utilized to measure CD57(+)CD3(-) lymphocytes. RESULTS A reduction of CD57(+)CD3(-) lymphocyte count was recorded in a significant number of patients with autism. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the number of peripheral CD57(+)CD3(-) cells in children with autism often falls below the clinically accepted normal range. This implies that a defect in the counter-regulatory functions necessary for balancing pro-inflammatory cytokines exists, thus opening the way to chronic inflammatory conditions associated with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy Centre for Autism - La Forza del Silenzio, Caserta, Italy Cancellautismo - Non-profit Association for Autism Care, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Peter Kruzliak
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Laboratory of Structural Biology and Proteomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Nicola Antonucci
- Biomedical Centre for Autism Research and Treatment, Bari, Italy
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20
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Yabuno K, Morise J, Kizuka Y, Hashii N, Kawasaki N, Takahashi S, Miyata S, Izumikawa T, Kitagawa H, Takematsu H, Oka S. A Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan Linkage Region is a Novel Type of Human Natural Killer-1 (HNK-1) Epitope Expressed on Aggrecan in Perineuronal Nets. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144560. [PMID: 26659409 PMCID: PMC4686076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate (HSO3-3GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) is highly expressed in the brain and required for learning and neural plasticity. We previously demonstrated that expression of the HNK-1 epitope is mostly abolished in knockout mice for GlcAT-P (B3gat1), a major glucuronyltransferase required for HNK-1 biosynthesis, but remained in specific regions such as perineuronal nets (PNNs) in these mutant mice. Considering PNNs are mainly composed of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) and regulate neural plasticity, GlcAT-P-independent expression of HNK-1 in PNNs is suggested to play a role in neural plasticity. However, the function, structure, carrier glycoprotein and biosynthetic pathway for GlcAT-P-irrelevant HNK-1 epitope remain unclear. In this study, we identified a unique HNK-1 structure on aggrecan in PNNs. To determine the biosynthetic pathway for the novel HNK-1, we generated knockout mice for GlcAT-S (B3gat2), the other glucuronyltransferase required for HNK-1 biosynthesis. However, GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S double-knockout mice did not exhibit reduced HNK-1 expression compared with single GlcAT-P-knockout mice, indicating an unusual biosynthetic pathway for the HNK-1 epitope in PNNs. Aggrecan was purified from cultured cells in which GlcAT-P and -S are not expressed and we determined the structure of the novel HNK-1 epitope using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) as a sulfated linkage region of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), HSO3-GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-R. Taken together, we propose a hypothetical model where GlcAT-I, the sole glucuronyltransferase required for synthesis of the GAG linkage, is also responsible for biosynthesis of the novel HNK-1 on aggrecan. These results could lead to discovery of new roles of the HNK-1 epitope in neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Yabuno
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jyoji Morise
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Noritaka Hashii
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Nana Kawasaki
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shinji Miyata
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Tomomi Izumikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiromu Takematsu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shogo Oka
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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21
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Takeuchi Y, Morise J, Morita I, Takematsu H, Oka S. Role of Site-Specific N-Glycans Expressed on GluA2 in the Regulation of Cell Surface Expression of AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135644. [PMID: 26271046 PMCID: PMC4535760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR), which is a tetrameric complex composed of four subunits (GluA1-4) with several combinations, mediates the majority of rapid excitatory synaptic transmissions in the nervous system. Cell surface expression levels of AMPAR modulate synaptic plasticity, which is considered one of the molecular bases for learning and memory formation. To date, a unique trisaccharide (HSO3-3GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc), human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate, was found expressed specifically on N-linked glycans of GluA2 and regulated the cell surface expression of AMPAR and the spine maturation process. However, evidence that the HNK-1 epitope on N-glycans of GluA2 directly affects these phenomena is lacking. Moreover, it is thought that other N-glycans on GluA2 also have potential roles in the regulation of AMPAR functions. In the present study, using a series of mutants lacking potential N-glycosylation sites (N256, N370, N406, and N413) within GluA2, we demonstrated that the mutant lacking the N-glycan at N370 strongly suppressed the intracellular trafficking of GluA2 from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in HEK293 cells. Cell surface expression of GluA1, which is a major subunit of AMPAR in neurons, was also suppressed by co-expression of the GluA2 N370S mutant. The N370S mutant and wild-type GluA2 were co-immunoprecipitated with GluA1, suggesting that N370S was properly associated with GluA1. Moreover, we found that N413 was the main potential site of the HNK-1 epitope that promoted the interaction of GluA2 with N-cadherin, resulting in enhanced cell surface expression of GluA2. The HNK-1 epitope on N-glycan at the N413 of GluA2 was also involved in the cell surface expression of GluA1. Thus, our data suggested that site-specific N-glycans on GluA2 regulate the intracellular trafficking and cell surface expression of AMPAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takeuchi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jyoji Morise
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ippei Morita
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Takematsu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shogo Oka
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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22
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Neulen ML, Viertlboeck BC, Straub C, Göbel TW. Identification of novel chicken CD4⁺ CD3⁻ blood population with NK cell like features. Dev Comp Immunol 2015; 49:72-78. [PMID: 25445913 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chicken NK cells have been defined in embryonic spleen and intestinal epithelium as CD8(+) lymphoid cells that lack BCR and TCR, whereas blood NK cells have not been phenotypically defined. Here we employed the mab, 8D12 directed against CHIR-AB1, a chicken Fc receptor, to define a previously uncharacterized lymphoid cell population in the blood. Although CHIR-AB1 expression was found on several cell populations, cells with extraordinary high CHIR-AB1 levels ranged between 0.4 and 2.8% in five different chicken lines. The widespread applicability of the CHIR-AB1 mab was unexpected, since CHIR-AB1-like genes form a polygenic and polymorphic subfamily. Surprisingly the CHIR-AB1 high cells coexpressed low MHCII, low CD4 and CD5, while other T cell markers CD3 and CD8, the B cell marker Bu1, the macrophage marker KUL01 were absent. Moreover, they stained with the mab 28-4, 20E5 and 1G7, which define chicken NK cells and they also expressed CD25, CD57, CD244 and the vitronectin receptor (αVβ3 integrin). In functional assays, PMA stimulation led to high levels of IFNγ release, while spontaneous cytotoxicity was not detectable. The expression of typical NK cell markers in the absence of characteristic B- or T-cell markers, and their IFNγ release is suggestive of a yet unidentified NK like population.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- CD3 Complex/immunology
- CD3 Complex/metabolism
- CD4 Antigens/immunology
- CD4 Antigens/metabolism
- CD5 Antigens/immunology
- CD5 Antigens/metabolism
- CD57 Antigens/immunology
- CD57 Antigens/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Chickens/blood
- Chickens/immunology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
- Flow Cytometry
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/immunology
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Vitronectin/immunology
- Receptors, Vitronectin/metabolism
- Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family
- Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Neulen
- Institute for Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit C Viertlboeck
- Institute for Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Straub
- Institute for Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas W Göbel
- Institute for Animal Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
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23
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Kanevskiy LM, Erokhina SA, Streltsova MA, Telford WG, Sapozhnikov AM, Kovalenko EI. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide activates CD57-negative human NK cells. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2014; 79:1339-48. [PMID: 25716727 PMCID: PMC8374449 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914120074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
NK cells play an important regulatory role in sepsis by induction and augmentation of proinflammatory reactions in early stages of the septic process and by suppression of immune response in later stages of inflammation. The present work was aimed at the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main pathogenic factor of sepsis development, on human NK cells ex vivo. We show that LPS activates immature CD57-negative NK cells, which typically constitute less than half of the normal NK cell population in human peripheral blood. Under conditions of NK cell stimulation with IL-2, addition of LPS provokes an increase in IFN-γ production. However, LPS both increased and inhibited NK cell cytotoxic activity. It is important to note that the activation of NK cells on LPS addition was observed in the absence of TLR4 on the NK cell surface. These results confirm our previous data arguing for a direct interaction of LPS with NK cells and evidence an atypical mechanism of LPS-induced NK cell activation without the involvement of surface TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Kanevskiy
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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24
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Iida M, Takayama E, Naganawa K, Mitsudo K, Adachi M, Baba JI, Fujimoto-Muto M, Motohashi M, Mizuno-Kamiya M, Kawaki H, Kioi M, Ichinose M, Sumitomo SI, Muramatsu Y, Shikimori M, Tohnai I, Kondoh N. Increase of peripheral blood CD57+ T-cells in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:5729-5734. [PMID: 25275081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The subset of T-cells positive for expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 57 has been associated with various cancer phenotypes. However, the presence of CD57(+) T-cells in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has yet to be confirmed. In the present study, we examined the diagnostic significance of the presence of CD57(+) T-cells in peripheral blood (PB) from patients with OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The subset of CD57(+) T-cells in PB was analyzed in 43 patients with OSCC by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. RESULTS The proportion of CD57(+) T-cells, including both CD8(+) and CD4(+) subsets, significantly increased with clinical stage, especially in parallel with tumor size. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that an increase in the population of CD57(+) T-cells is a potent prognostic marker and may also influence the systemic immunity of patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Iida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eiji Takayama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Naganawa
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kenji Mitsudo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Adachi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Baba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masako Fujimoto-Muto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masayuki Motohashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masako Mizuno-Kamiya
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Harumi Kawaki
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mitomu Kioi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masao Ichinose
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Sumitomo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasunori Muramatsu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Michio Shikimori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
| | - Iwai Tohnai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kondoh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan
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25
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Nagashima H, Shibata M, Taniguchi M, Ueno S, Kamezaki N, Sato N. Comparative study of the shell development of hard- and soft-shelled turtles. J Anat 2014; 225:60-70. [PMID: 24754673 PMCID: PMC4089346 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The turtle shell provides a fascinating model for the investigation of the evolutionary modifications of developmental mechanisms. Different conclusions have been put forth for its development, and it is suggested that one of the causes of the disagreement could be the differences in the species of the turtles used - the differences between hard-shelled turtles and soft-shelled turtles. To elucidate the cause of the difference, we compared the turtle shell development in the two groups of turtle. In the dorsal shell development, these two turtle groups shared the gene expression profile that is required for formation, and shared similar spatial organization of the anatomical elements during development. Thus, both turtles formed the dorsal shell through a folding of the lateral body wall, and the Wnt signaling pathway appears to have been involved in the development. The ventral portion of the shell, on the other hand, contains massive dermal bones. Although expression of HNK-1 epitope has suggested that the trunk neural crest contributed to the dermal bones in the hard-shelled turtles, it was not expressed in the initial anlage of the skeletons in either of the types of turtle. Hence, no evidence was found that would support a neural crest origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagashima
- Division of Gross Anatomy and Morphogenesis, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shibata
- Division of Gross Anatomy and Morphogenesis, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata, Japan
| | - Mari Taniguchi
- Suma Aqualife ParkKobe, Japan
- Sea Turtle Association of JapanHirakata, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ueno
- Suma Aqualife ParkKobe, Japan
- Sea Turtle Association of JapanHirakata, Japan
| | - Naoki Kamezaki
- Suma Aqualife ParkKobe, Japan
- Sea Turtle Association of JapanHirakata, Japan
| | - Noboru Sato
- Division of Gross Anatomy and Morphogenesis, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata, Japan
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White MJ, Nielsen CM, McGregor RHC, Riley EM, Goodier MR. Differential activation of CD57-defined natural killer cell subsets during recall responses to vaccine antigens. Immunology 2014; 142:140-50. [PMID: 24843874 PMCID: PMC3992055 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells contribute to the effector phase of vaccine-induced adaptive immune responses, secreting cytokines and releasing cytotoxic granules. The proportion of responding NK cells varies between individuals and by vaccine, suggesting that functionally discrete subsets of NK cells with different activation requirements may be involved. Here, we have used responses to individual components of the DTP vaccine [tetanus toxoid (TT), diphtheria toxoid (DT), whole cell inactivated pertussis] to characterize the NK cell subsets involved in interleukin-2-dependent recall responses. Culture with TT, DT or pertussis induced NK cell CD25 expression and interferon-γ production in previously vaccinated individuals. Responses were the most robust against whole cell pertussis, with responses to TT being particularly low. Functional analysis of discrete NK cell subsets revealed that transition from CD56bright to CD56dim correlated with increased responsiveness to CD16 cross-linking, whereas increasing CD57 expression correlated with a loss of responsiveness to cytokines. A higher frequency of CD56dim CD57− NK cells expressed CD25 and interferon-γ following stimulation with vaccine antigen compared with CD56dim CD57+ NK cells and made the largest overall contribution to this response. CD56dim CD57int NK cells represent an intermediate functional phenotype in response to vaccine-induced and receptor-mediated stimuli. These findings have implications for the ability of NK cells to contribute to the effector response after vaccination and for vaccine-induced immunity in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eleanor M Riley
- Correspondence: E. M. Riley, Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK. , Senior author: Eleanor M. Riley
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27
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Day CL, Moshi ND, Abrahams DA, van Rooyen M, O'rie T, de Kock M, Hanekom WA. Patients with tuberculosis disease have Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD8 T cells with a pro-apoptotic phenotype and impaired proliferative capacity, which is not restored following treatment. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94949. [PMID: 24740417 PMCID: PMC3989259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8 T cells play a critical role in control of chronic viral infections; however, the role of these cells in containing persistent bacterial infections, such as those caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is less clear. We assessed the phenotype and functional capacity of CD8 T cells specific for the immunodominant Mtb antigens CFP-10 and ESAT-6, in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease, before and after treatment, and in healthy persons with latent Mtb infection (LTBI). In patients with TB disease, CFP-10/ESAT-6-specific IFN-γ+ CD8 T cells had an activated, pro-apoptotic phenotype, with lower Bcl-2 and CD127 expression, and higher Ki67, CD57, and CD95 expression, than in LTBI. When CFP-10/ESAT-6-specific IFN-γ+ CD8 T cells were detectable, expression of distinct combinations of these markers was highly sensitive and specific for differentiating TB disease from LTBI. Successful treatment of disease resulted in changes of these markers, but not in restoration of CFP-10/ESAT-6-specific CD8 or CD4 memory T cell proliferative capacity. These data suggest that high mycobacterial load in active TB disease is associated with activated, short-lived CFP-10/ESAT-6-specific CD8 T cells with impaired functional capacity that is not restored following treatment. By contrast, LTBI is associated with preservation of long-lived CFP-10/ESAT-6-specific memory CD8 T cells that maintain high Bcl-2 expression and which may readily proliferate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L. Day
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Noella D. Moshi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Deborah A. Abrahams
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Michele van Rooyen
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Terrence O'rie
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Marwou de Kock
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Willem A. Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
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28
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Lee SA, Sinclair E, Hatano H, Hsue PY, Epling L, Hecht FM, Bangsberg DR, Martin JN, McCune JM, Deeks SG, Hunt PW. Impact of HIV on CD8+ T cell CD57 expression is distinct from that of CMV and aging. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89444. [PMID: 24586783 PMCID: PMC3937334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic antigenic stimulation by cytomegalovirus (CMV) is thought to increase “immunosenesence” of aging, characterized by accumulation of terminally differentiated CD28- CD8+ T cells and increased CD57, a marker of proliferative history. Whether chronic HIV infection causes similar effects is currently unclear. Methods We compared markers of CD8+ T cell differentiation (e.g., CD28, CD27, CCR7, CD45RA) and CD57 expression on CD28- CD8+ T cells in healthy HIV-uninfected adults with and without CMV infection and in both untreated and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed HIV-infected adults with asymptomatic CMV infection. Results Compared to HIV-uninfected adults without CMV (n = 12), those with asymptomatic CMV infection (n = 31) had a higher proportion of CD28-CD8+ T cells expressing CD57 (P = 0.005). Older age was also associated with greater proportions of CD28-CD8+ T cells expressing CD57 (rho: 0.47, P = 0.007). In contrast, untreated HIV-infected CMV+ participants (n = 55) had much lower proportions of CD28- CD8+ cells expressing CD57 than HIV-uninfected CMV+ participants (P<0.0001) and were enriched for less well-differentiated CD28- transitional memory (TTR) CD8+ T cells (P<0.0001). Chronically HIV-infected adults maintaining ART-mediated viral suppression (n = 96) had higher proportions of CD28-CD8+ T cells expressing CD57 than untreated patients (P<0.0001), but continued to have significantly lower levels than HIV-uninfected controls (P = 0.001). Among 45 HIV-infected individuals initiating their first ART regimen, the proportion of CD28-CD8+ T cells expressing CD57 declined (P<0.0001), which correlated with a decline in percent of transitional memory CD8+ T cells, and appeared to be largely explained by a decline in CD28-CD57- CD8+ T cell counts rather than an expansion of CD28-CD57+ CD8+ T cell counts. Conclusions Unlike CMV and aging, which are associated with terminal differentiation and proliferation of effector memory CD8+ T cells, HIV inhibits this process, expanding less well-differentiated CD28- CD8+ T cells and decreasing the proportion of CD28- CD8+ T cells that express CD57.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulggi A. Lee
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Sinclair
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hiroyu Hatano
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Priscilla Y. Hsue
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lorrie Epling
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Frederick M. Hecht
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - David R. Bangsberg
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Jeffrey N. Martin
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. McCune
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Deeks
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Hunt
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Zhao XY, Zhao XS, Wang YZ, Chang YJ, Lv M, Wang HT, Han TT, Huang XJ. [Expression and function of killer immunologublin receptor and CD57 of natural killer cells]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2014; 46:115-119. [PMID: 24535362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the functional different natural killer (NK) cell subsets through the expression of killer immunoglobulin receptor (KIR) and CD57 on NK cells. METHODS From May 2012 to June 2012, the peripheral blood samples of 10 related healthy donors for hematopoietic stem cells transplantation were collected to analyze KIR, CD57 expression and the intracellular cytokines of interferon-γ(IFN-γ), and the CD107a secreted by NK cells through 6-colour flow cytometer to compare the cytokine secretion and cytotoxic function among different NK subset. RESULTS The expression of CD57 on NK cells were significantly higher than those of KIR on NK cells[(60.71% ± 5.71%) vs. (24.47% ± 3.95%), P < 0.001]. All the NK cells were separated into KIR+CD57-, KIR+CD57+, KIR-CD57+, KIR-CD57- cells based on the expressions of KIR and CD57. The proportions of KIR-CD57+ NK cells (43.03% ± 5.70%) and KIR-CD57-NK cells (32.45% ± 5.50%) among NK cells were comparable(P = 0.189), and were higher than those of KIR+CD57+ NK cells (17.67% ± 3.39%) and KIR+CD57- NK cells (6.69% ± 0.95%). Further functional experiments demonstrated that the cytotoxic function and IFN-γ cytokine secretion of CD57+ NK cells and KIR+ NK cells were comparable, which were significantly lower than those of CD56(bri) NK cells (P = 0.046 and 0.035, respectively), but were equal to those of CD56(dim) NK cells. The cytotoxic function and the IFN-γ secretion of KIR-CD57- NK cells (46.22% ± 9.24% and 23.41% ± 5.82%) were significantly higher than those of the other NK subsets including KIR+CD57- NK cells,KIR-CD57+ NK cells and KIR+CD57+ NK cells, which were similar to those of CD56(bri) NK cells. The cytotoxic function and IFN-γ secretion of KIR+CD57- NK cells were lower than those of KIR-CD57- NK cells, but were higher than those of CD57+ NK cells, whether KIR positive or negative. The cytotoxic function and IFN-γ secretion were similar between KIR+CD57+ and KIR-CD57+ cells. CONCLUSION The expressions of KIR and CD57 are correlated with the function of NK cells. Therefore, CD57+ cells might be the end stage of NK cells, KIR-CD57- NK cells might be the early stage of NK cells, however, KIR+CD57- showed to be the intermediate stage of the NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-yu Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Bejing 100044,China
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30
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Pera A, Campos C, Corona A, Sanchez-Correa B, Tarazona R, Larbi A, Solana R. CMV latent infection improves CD8+ T response to SEB due to expansion of polyfunctional CD57+ cells in young individuals. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88538. [PMID: 24533103 PMCID: PMC3922920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) latent infection has a deleterious effect on the efficacy of influenza vaccination in the elderly, suggesting that CMV restricts immunological diversity impairing the immune system functionality in old age. Polyfunctional T cells produce multiple cytokines and higher amounts than mono-functional T cells. High number of polyfunctional T cells correlates with better prognosis during infection. Thus, the efficiency of T cell response associates with quality (polyfunctionality) rather than with quantity (percentage of T cells). We analyze the effect of CMV infection on CD8+ T cells polyfunctionality ―degranulation (CD107a), IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production―, from young CMV-seropositive and CMV-seronegative individuals and in middle age CMV-seropositive donors, in response to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB). Our results show a higher percentage of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in young CMV-seropositive individuals compared to CMV-seronegative. Also, we find an expansion of CD8+CD57+ T cells in CMV-seropositive individuals, which are more polyfunctional than CD8+CD57− cells. In middle age individuals there is a higher frequency of SEB-responding CD8+ T cells, mainly TNF-alpha or TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma producers, whereas the percentage of polyfunctional cells (IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha/CD107a) is similar to the percentages found in young CMV-seropositive. Therefore, whereas it has been shown that CMV latent infection can be detrimental for immune response in old individuals, our results indicate that CMV-seropositivity is associated to higher levels of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in young and middle age donors. This increase in polyfunctionality, which can provide an immunological advantage in the response to other pathogens, is due to a CD8+CD57+ T cell expansion in CMV-seropositive individuals and it is independent of age. Conversely, age could contribute to the inflammation found in old individuals by increasing the percentage of cells producing pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings highlight the necessity of further studies on the benefits/detrimental effects of CMV infection in the response to vaccination and other infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Pera
- Department of Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC) – Reina Sofía University Hospital – University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- * E-mail: .
| | - Carmen Campos
- Department of Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC) – Reina Sofía University Hospital – University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alonso Corona
- Department of Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC) – Reina Sofía University Hospital – University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Tarazona
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rafael Solana
- Department of Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC) – Reina Sofía University Hospital – University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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Chandrasekaran S, McGuire MJ, King MR. Sweeping lymph node micrometastases off their feet: an engineered model to evaluate natural killer cell mediated therapeutic intervention of circulating tumor cells that disseminate to the lymph nodes. Lab Chip 2014; 14:118-27. [PMID: 23934067 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50584g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 90% of cancer related deaths are due to metastasis. Cells from the primary tumor can metastasize through either the vascular or lymphatic circulation. Cancer cells in circulation are called circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and it has been shown that bone marrow is a niche for homing of blood borne CTCs from several epithelial tumors. Cancer cells found in bone marrow are termed disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). Likewise, CTCs in the lymphatic circulation are more often seeded in the sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) that drain the tumor. Micrometastases (<2 mm) occur after the arrest and implantation of DTCs in lymph nodes over time. This paper presents a cell culture platform termed microbubbles formed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) from a microfabricated silicon wafer for mimicking lymph node micrometastases. We cultured lymph node seeking cancer cells in microbubbles to evaluate the efficacy of natural killer (NK) mediated therapy for targeting lymph node micrometastasis. The microbubble platform consists of an array of microcavities that provides a unique microenvironment for mimicking the deep cortical unit of the lymph nodes. We show that cancer cells cultured in microbubbles with therapeutic NK cells undergo apoptosis after 24 h in culture. Since lymph node metastases are prevalent across several types of cancer, this platform may be useful for developing improved cancer therapies for targeting lymph node micrometastases.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Immobilized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Immobilized/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Apoptosis
- CD57 Antigens/immunology
- CD57 Antigens/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/chemistry
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Liposomes/chemistry
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymph Nodes/metabolism
- Lymphatic Metastasis/prevention & control
- Microbubbles
- Models, Biological
- Neoplasm Micrometastasis/prevention & control
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/immunology
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
- Silicon/chemistry
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/chemistry
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Batista MD, Ho EL, Kuebler PJ, Milush JM, Lanier LL, Kallas EG, York VA, Chang D, Liao W, Unemori P, Leslie KS, Maurer T, Nixon DF. Skewed distribution of natural killer cells in psoriasis skin lesions. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:64-6. [PMID: 23278897 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a hyper-proliferative disease of the skin in which immunological mechanisms play a direct pathogenetic role. There have been limited studies of natural killer (NK) cells in psoriasis. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotype of NK cells in skin biopsies and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with psoriasis and healthy controls. CD56(+) CD16(-) and CD56(+) CD16(+) NK cells were isolated from lesional skin, unaffected skin and PBMC of psoriasis patients, and normal skin and PBMC from healthy controls. The expression of CD57, NKG2A and NKG2C was assessed by flow cytometry. NK cells in psoriasis skin lesions were skewed in their expression of CD57, a marker of NK cell maturity, with CD57 expression significantly reduced and NKG2A expression increased on NK cells in lesional and unaffected skin compared to controls. These data suggest that in this patient cohort, NK cells could be isolated from psoriasis lesions and exhibit an immature phenotype.
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Saxena S, Wahl J, Huber-Lang MS, Stadel D, Braubach P, Debatin KM, Beltinger C. Generation of murine sympathoadrenergic progenitor-like cells from embryonic stem cells and postnatal adrenal glands. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64454. [PMID: 23675538 PMCID: PMC3651195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sympathoadrenergic progenitor cells (SAPs) of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are important for normal development of the sympathetic PNS and for the genesis of neuroblastoma, the most common and often lethal extracranial solid tumor in childhood. However, it remains difficult to isolate sufficient numbers of SAPs for investigations. We therefore set out to improve generation of SAPs by using two complementary approaches, differentiation from murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and isolation from postnatal murine adrenal glands. We provide evidence that selecting for GD2 expression enriches for ESC-derived SAP-like cells and that proliferating SAP-like cells can be isolated from postnatal adrenal glands of mice. These advances may facilitate investigations about the development and malignant transformation of the sympathetic PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Saxena
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim Wahl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus S. Huber-Lang
- Institute of Traumatology, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominic Stadel
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Braubach
- Division of Neurophysiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Beltinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Batista MD, Tincati C, Milush JM, Ho EL, Ndhlovu LC, York VA, Kallas EG, Kalil J, Keating SM, Norris PJ, Chang D, Unemori P, Leslie KS, Maurer T, Liao W, Nixon DF. CD57 expression and cytokine production by T cells in lesional and unaffected skin from patients with psoriasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52144. [PMID: 23468834 PMCID: PMC3585296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunopathogenic mechanisms leading to psoriasis remain unresolved. CD57 is a marker of replicative inability and immunosenescence on CD8+ T cells and the proportion of CD57 expressing CD8+ T cells is increased in a number of inflammatory conditions. METHODOLOGY We examined the expression of CD57 on T cells in the skin of patients affected with psoriasis, comparing lesional and unaffected skin. We also assessed functionality of the T cells by evaluating the secretion of several inflammatory cytokines (IL-17A, IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-33, TNF-alpha, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-27), from cell-sorted purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from lesional and unaffected skin biopsies of psoriasis patients. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We observed that the frequency of CD57+CD4+ and CD57+CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in unaffected skin of psoriasis patients compared to lesional skin. Sorted CD4+ T cells from psoriatic lesional skin produced higher levels of IL-17A, IL-22, and IFN-gamma compared to unaffected skin, while sorted CD8+ T cells from lesional skin produced higher levels of IL-17, IL-22, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-2 compared to unaffected skin. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that T cells in unaffected skin from psoriasis patients exhibit a phenotype compatible with replicative inability. As they have a lower replicative capacity, CD57+ T cells are less frequent in lesional tissue due to the high cellular turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana D Batista
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Mengarelli I, Barberi T. Derivation of multiple cranial tissues and isolation of lens epithelium-like cells from human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 2:94-106. [PMID: 23341438 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2012-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a powerful tool to investigate early events occurring during human embryonic development. In the present study, we induced differentiation of hESCs in conditions that allowed formation of neural and non-neural ectoderm and to a lesser extent mesoderm. These tissues are required for correct specification of the neural plate border, an early embryonic transient structure from which neural crest cells (NCs) and cranial placodes (CPs) originate. Although isolation of CP derivatives from hESCs has not been previously reported, isolation of hESC-derived NC-like cells has been already described. We performed a more detailed analysis of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-purified cell populations using the surface antigens previously used to select hESC-derived NC-like cells, p75 and HNK-1, and uncovered their heterogeneous nature. In addition to the NC component, we identified a neural component within these populations using known surface markers, such as CD15 and FORSE1. We have further exploited this information to facilitate the isolation and purification by FACS of a CP derivative, the lens, from differentiating hESCs. Two surface markers expressed on lens cells, c-Met/HGFR and CD44, were used for positive selection of multiple populations with a simultaneous subtraction of the neural/NC component mediated by p75, HNK-1, and CD15. In particular, the c-Met/HGFR allowed early isolation of proliferative lens epithelium-like cells capable of forming lentoid bodies. Isolation of hESC-derived lens cells represents an important step toward the understanding of human lens development and regeneration and the devising of future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Mengarelli
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Björkström NK, Svensson A, Malmberg KJ, Eriksson K, Ljunggren HG. Characterization of natural killer cell phenotype and function during recurrent human HSV-2 infection. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27664. [PMID: 22110712 PMCID: PMC3216993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cell differentiation, characterized by a loss of NKG2A in parallel with the acquisition of NKG2C, KIRs, and CD57 is stimulated by a number of virus infections, including infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV), hantavirus, chikungunya virus, and HIV-1. Here, we addressed if HSV-2 infection in a similar way drives NK cell differentiation towards an NKG2A-NKG2C+KIR+CD57+ phenotype. In contrast to infection with CMV, hantavirus, chikungunya virus, and HIV-1, recurrent HSV-2 infection did not yield an accumulation of highly differentiated NK cells in human peripheral blood. This outcome indicates that human HSV-2 infection has no significant imprinting effect on the human NK cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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38
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Matà S, Ambrosini S, Mello T, Lolli F, Minciacchi D. Anti-myelin associated glycoprotein antibodies recognize HNK-1 epitope on CNS. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 236:99-105. [PMID: 21621858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies to myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) are associated with demyelinating polyneuropathy and are specific for the HNK-1 epitope. To test if anti-MAG IgM recognize HNK-1 on CNS, sera from 20 patients and 238 controls were tested on rat slices by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). IgM from anti-MAG positive patients, but not from control sera, stained rat brain with perineuronal or neuropil pattern, depending on the CNS region. IIF titers significantly correlated with ELISA anti-MAG titers. The staining of patients' sera were inhibited by mouse anti-HNK-1 monoclonal antibody. Our results demonstrate that anti-MAG IgM recognizes HNK-1 outside the peripheral nerve myelin carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Matà
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Firenze, Italy.
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39
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Lv L, Pan K, Li XD, She KL, Zhao JJ, Wang W, Chen JG, Chen YB, Yun JP, Xia JC. The accumulation and prognosis value of tumor infiltrating IL-17 producing cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18219. [PMID: 21483813 PMCID: PMC3069054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of IL-17 producing cells in tumors is controversial. In the present study, we investigated the prognostic value of measuring tumor-infiltrating IL-17 producing cell levels in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Immunohistochemical staining was performed to investigate the levels of IL-17+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), as well as CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and CD57+ natural killer (NK) cells from 181 ESCC patients. The prognostic value of measuring the densities of IL-17+TILs and the correlation with CTLs and NK was evaluated. IL-17 producing cells were detected in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues. The IL-17 producing cells were major CD4 positive, but Foxp3 negative. The median level of IL-17+TILs was 3.90 cells/high power microscopic field (HPF). The density of IL-17 producing cells correlated negatively with T stage (P=0.042). The higher densities of tumor infiltrating IL-17+ lymphocytes were associated with better overall survival (P=0.031). Furthermore, we found that there were positive correlations between levels of IL-17 producing cells and the densities of CD8+cells, as well as CD57+cells (r=0.198, P=0.008 for CD8+ cells and r=0.261, P<0.001 for CD57+ cells, respectively). The prognosis analysis also showed that the higher levels of CD8+ CTLs and CD57+ NK cells correlated with better overall survival of ESCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that tumor infiltrating IL-17 producing cells in ESCC patients may have protective roles in the tumor microenvironment and may be treated as a prognostic marker for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-lin She
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju-gao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-ping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (J-pY); (J-cX)
| | - Jian-chuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Department of Experimental Research, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (J-pY); (J-cX)
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Abreu-Velez AM, Howard MS, Yi H, Gao W, Hashimoto T, Grossniklaus HE. Neural system antigens are recognized by autoantibodies from patients affected by a new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Colombia. J Clin Immunol 2011; 31:356-68. [PMID: 21210298 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-010-9495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (EPF), is also known as "fogo selvagem" or "wild fire," reflecting the intense burning sensation of the skin reported by patients with this disease. Based on this finding, we tested for neural autoreactivity in patients affected by a new variant of EPF (El Bagre-EPF). METHODS We tested 20 El Bagre-EPF patients, 20 normal controls from the endemic area, and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls from outside the endemic area. We tested for autoreactivity to several immunoglobulins and complement. Both human skin and bovine tail were used as antigens. RESULTS We detected autoreactivity to neural structures, mechanoreceptors, nerves, perineural cell layers of the arachnoid envelope around the optic nerve, brain structures, and to neuromuscular spindles; these structures colocalized with several neural markers. The patient antibodies also colocalized with desmoplakins 1 and 2, with the armadillo repeat protein deleted in velo-cardio-facial syndrome and with p0071 antibodies. Autoreactivity was also found associated with neurovascular bundles innervating the skin, and immunoelectron microscopy using protein A gold against patient antibodies was positive against the nerve axons. Paucicellularity of the intraepidermal nerve endings and defragmentation of the neural plexus were seen in 70% of the cases and not in the controls from the endemic area (p<0.005). Neuropsychological and/or behavioral symptoms were detected in individuals from the endemic area, including sensorimotor axonal neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may explain for the first time the "pose of pemphigus," representing a dorsiflexural posture seen in EPF patients vis-a-vis the weakness of the extensor nerves, and furthermore, the autoreactivity to nerves in EPF could explain the "burning sensation" encountered in EPF disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Abreu-Velez
- Georgia Dermatopathology Associates, 1534 North Decatur Rd. NE, Suite 206, Atlanta, GA 30307-1000, USA.
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Wood KL, Voss OH, Huang Q, Parihar A, Mehta N, Batra S, Doseff AI. The small heat shock protein 27 is a key regulator of CD8+ CD57+ lymphocyte survival. J Immunol 2010; 184:5582-8. [PMID: 20385876 PMCID: PMC3253717 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Differences in CD8(+)CD57(-) and CD8(+)CD57(+) lymphocyte lifespan have been documented. Lower numbers and shorter lifespan are characteristic of CD8(+)CD57(+) in normal individuals. However, CD8(+)CD57(+) are expanded in certain disease states including T cell large granular leukemia and other hematologic malignancies. The mechanisms responsible for the differences in CD8(+)CD57(-) and CD8(+)CD57(+) lifespan remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that the small heat shock protein (Hsp) 27 is a key regulator of CD8(+)CD57(+) lymphocyte lifespan. We found that Hsp27 expression is significantly lower in CD8(+)CD57(+) than in CD8(+)CD57(-) lymphocytes. In contrast, Hsp60 and Hsp70 are expressed at comparable levels. Unlike other antiapoptotic Bcl-2-like molecules, the expression of Hsp27 tightly correlates with CD8(+)CD57(+) and CD8(+)CD57(-) lifespan. We demonstrate that Hsp27 overexpression in CD8(+)CD57(+) lymphocytes to levels found normally in CD8(+)CD57(-) lymphocytes decreased apoptosis. Accordingly, silencing of Hsp27 in CD8(+)CD57(-) lymphocytes increased apoptosis. Collectively these results demonstrate that Hsp27 is a critical regulator of normal CD8(+)CD57(+) lifespan supporting its use as a marker of lifespan in this lineage, and suggest a mechanism responsible for the decreased apoptosis and clonal expansion characteristic of certain disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Wood
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Oliver H. Voss
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Qin Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Arti Parihar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Neeraj Mehta
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Andrea I. Doseff
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Kvetnoĭ IM, Robakidze NS, Kostiuchek IN, Shchukina OB, Proshchaev KI. [Morphological and immunohistochemical characteristic of oral mucosa in patients with inflammatory bowel disease]. Adv Gerontol 2010; 23:371-374. [PMID: 21137207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of presented study was to investigate the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the oral mucosa in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The study involved 40 patients aged from 18 to 64 years, among them 30 patients with Crohn's disease and 10 patients with ulcerative colitis. Clinical, endoscopic, morphometric and immunohistochemical study have shown that Crohn's disease is characterized by generalized inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract with signs of immune inflammation in the mouth, whereas in ulcerative colitis the pathologic process is limited to the colon. In this context, the defeat of the oral mucosa can be regarded as a distinct phenotypic characteristic of the localization of Crohn's disease, with some differential-diagnostic and prognostic criteria.
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Yu L, Wang J. [Soft tissue tumor of the back]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2009; 38:344-345. [PMID: 19575881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Huang KH, Loutfy MR, Boulet S, Toma E, Tsoukas CM, Bernard NF. Predictive value of immune parameters before treatment interruption (TI) for CD4+ T-cell count change during TI in HIV infection. Antivir Ther 2009; 14:381-392. [PMID: 19474472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the contraindications, stopping treatment for HIV infection continues to be a common practice. Understanding whether T-cell proliferative capacity and phenotypic markers before treatment interruption (TI) can predict CD4+ T-cell count change and nadir during TI would be clinically useful. METHODS This retrospective study included 27 HIV-infected patients in the chronic phase of infection while on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) who underwent a TI. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a baseline pre-TI time point were screened for T-cell proliferation to cytomegalovirus (CMV) lysate, an HIV Gag p55 peptide pool as well as positive and negative control stimuli. CD28 and CD57 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were measured. RESULTS Baseline viral load, CD4+ T-cell count, pre-cART nadir CD4+ T-cell and percentage CD4+CD28+ T-cells were all predictive of the lowest CD4+ T-cell count during TI (Spearman's correlation P<0.05 for all analyses). In addition, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells proliferation to CMV lysate, baseline CD4+ T-cell count and percentage CD4+CD57+ T-cells correlated negatively with CD4+ T-cell decrease during TI (Spearman's correlation P<0.05 for all analyses). CONCLUSIONS In treated chronic HIV-infected patients, pre-TI immune parameters are potential predictors for both the nadir CD4+ T-cell count and CD4+ T-cell count decrease during TI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth H Huang
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kvetnoĭ IM, Robakidze NS, Kostiuchek IN, Shchukina OB, Proshchaev KI. [Morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of oral mucosa in patients with inflammatory intestinal disorders]. Klin Med (Mosk) 2009; 87:49-51. [PMID: 20143567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to study morphological and immunological characteristics of oral cavity in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The group of 40 patients aged 18-64 yr included 30 with Crohn's disease and 10 with ulcerative colitis. They were examined in clinical, endoscopic, morphometric, and immunohistochemical studies. Crohn's disease was shown to be associated with inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract and oral mucosa; in ulcerative colitis, these processes were confined to the colon. It is supposed that inflammation of oral mucosa may be regarded as a separate phenotypic characteristic of Crohn's disease localization with definitive differential diagnostic and prognostic criteria.
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Iking-Konert C, Vogl T, Prior B, Bleck E, Ostendorf B, Andrassy K, Schneider M, Hänsch GM. Expression of CD57 on CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis: evidence for continuous activation of CD8+ cells. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2009; 27:S19-S24. [PMID: 19646341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To gain insight into the immune pathogenesis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), the prevalence of circulating CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing CD57 as a marker for previous activation was analyzed. METHODS Receptor expression of CD57 was measured in CD8+ T cells of patients with active disease (n=5) by cytofluorometry and compared with expression in patients in remission (n=80) and in age-matched healthy donors (n=34). The results were compared to clinical parameters including severity and duration of the disease. RESULTS CD8+CD57+ were detected in patients with WG and MPA and in healthy donors as well and increased considerably with age. Compared to age-matched healthy donors, the prevalence of CD8+CD57+ was increased in the younger patients (up to 40 y). In most patients a high percentage of CD8+CD57+ coincided with severe disease and multiple organ involvement, while low CD8+CD57+ percentage was seen in patients with limited disease or in patients in complete remission. In patients with smoldering disease, the percentage of CD8+CD57+ increased with time. High numbers of CD8+CD57+ correlated with low CD4:CD8 ratio. CONCLUSIONS In patients with WG and MPA a population of CD8+CD57+ expand, identifying terminally differentiated CD8+ cells. The prevalence of CD57+ cells was related to the course of disease. So far, the function of CD57 on CD8+ cells is not understood. However, these cells might produce certain cytokines, which play a role in the pathogenesis of AAV. The data support the hypothesis that CD8+ T cells are activated in the context of primary vasculitides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Iking-Konert
- Rheumatology, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Rheumatology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Morita I, Shinako K, Oka S. [Functional roles of carbohydrate-mediating signals in the nervous system]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2008; 53:1497-1501. [PMID: 21089355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Lopez V, Keen CL, Lanoue L. Prenatal zinc deficiency: influence on heart morphology and distribution of key heart proteins in a rat model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 122:238-55. [PMID: 18224284 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-8079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2007] [Revised: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of congenital heart disease is multifactorial, with genetics and nutritional deficiencies recognized as causative agents. Maternal zinc (Zn) deficiency is associated with an increased risk for fetal heart malformations; however, the contributing mechanisms have yet to be identified. In this study, we fed pregnant rats a Zn-adequate diet (ZnA), a Zn-deficient (ZnD), or a restricted amount of Zn adequate diet (RF) beginning on gestation day (GD) 4.5, to examine whether increased cell death and changes in cardiac neural crest cells (NCC) play a role in Zn deficiency-induced heart defects. Fetuses were collected on GD 13.5, 15.5, and 18.5 and processed for GATA-4, FOG-2, connexin-43 (Cx43), HNK-1, smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA) and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression. Fetuses from ZnA-fed dams showed normal heart development, whereas fetuses from dams fed with the ZnD diet exhibited a variety of heart anomalies, particularly in the region of the outflow tract. HNK-1 expression was lower than normal in the hearts of GD13.5 and 15.5 ZnD fetuses, particularly in the right atrium and in the distal tip of the interventricular septum. Conversely, Cx43 immunoreactivity was increased throughout the heart in fetuses from ZnD dams compared to fetuses from control dams. The distribution and intensity of expression of SMA, GATA-4, FOG-2, and markers of apoptosis were similar among the three groups. We propose that Zn deficiency induced alterations in the distribution of Cx43 and HNK-1 in fetal hearts contribute to the occurrence of the developmental heart anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lopez
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Goto J, Otsuka F, Kodera R, Miyoshi T, Kinomura M, Otani H, Mimura Y, Ogura T, Yanai H, Nasu Y, Makino H. A rare tumor in the adrenal region: neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-producing leiomyosarcoma in an elderly hypertensive patient. Endocr J 2008; 55:175-81. [PMID: 18250540 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k07e-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A 73-year-old Japanese woman was referred for examination of right flank pain and progressive hypertension. Abdominal CT incidentally detected a right adrenal mass 8 cm in size. The tumor exhibited isodensity by CT and contained high-intense lesion by T2-weighted MRI. Scintigraphy with (131) I-metaiodobenzylguanidine and (131) I-adosterol showed no abnormal uptake by whole body scan. Positron emission tomography scan with (18) F-2-fluoro-D-deoxyglucose demonstrated an exclusive uptake in the right adrenal mass. Adrenocortical hormone levels and catecholamine secretion were within normal range; however, the level of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was found to be markedly high. After controlling systemic blood pressure with an alpha1-blocker, the right adrenal tumor was surgically removed, along with the right kidney and inferior vena cava which adhered to it. The tumor was pathologically proven to be leiomyosarcoma, which was immunohistochemically positive with alpha-smooth muscle actin and negative with CD57, S-100 and c-kit proteins. Notably, NSE protein was massively expressed in the resected tumor. After surgery blood pressure was controlled with regular medication and serum NSE levels have since normalized. The possibility of leiomyosarcoma should be kept in mind in adrenal incidentalomas with rapid growth and atypical radiological images. Our findings suggest that circulating NSE levels may be clinically useful for early detection of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Goto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama City, Japan
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Almeida JR, Price DA, Papagno L, Arkoub ZA, Sauce D, Bornstein E, Asher TE, Samri A, Schnuriger A, Theodorou I, Costagliola D, Rouzioux C, Agut H, Marcelin AG, Douek D, Autran B, Appay V. Superior control of HIV-1 replication by CD8+ T cells is reflected by their avidity, polyfunctionality, and clonal turnover. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 204:2473-85. [PMID: 17893201 PMCID: PMC2118466 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 560] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The key attributes of CD8+ T cell protective immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remain unclear. We report that CD8+ T cell responses specific for Gag and, in particular, the immunodominant p24 epitope KK10 correlate with control of HIV-1 replication in human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)–B27 patients. To understand further the nature of CD8+ T cell–mediated antiviral efficacy, we performed a comprehensive study of CD8+ T cells specific for the HLA-B27–restricted epitope KK10 in chronic HIV-1 infection based on the use of multiparametric flow cytometry together with molecular clonotypic analysis and viral sequencing. We show that B27-KK10–specific CD8+ T cells are characterized by polyfunctional capabilities, increased clonal turnover, and superior functional avidity. Such attributes are interlinked and constitute the basis for effective control of HIV-1 replication. These data on the features of effective CD8+ T cells in HIV infection may aid in the development of successful T cell vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R Almeida
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, U543, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Avenir Group, 75013 Paris, France
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